kanin

kanin (Jawi spelling کانين, plural kanin-kanin, informal 1st possessive kaninku, 2nd possessive kaninmu, 3rd possessive kaninnya)

کانين (Jawi)
kanin-kanin (plural)
kaninku (first-person informal possessive)
kaninmu (possessive second-person)
kaninnya (possessive third-person)


hasta

ms-noun

hasta (Jawi spelling هستا, plural hasta-hasta, informal 1st possessive hastaku, 2nd possessive hastamu, 3rd possessive hastanya)

هستا (Jawi)
hasta-hasta (plural)
hastaku (first-person informal possessive)
hastamu (possessive second-person)
hastanya (possessive third-person)

cubit, unit of measurement from elbow to fingertip


badam

badam (Jawi spelling بادم, plural badam-badam, informal 1st possessive badamku, 2nd possessive badammu, 3rd possessive badamnya)

بادم (Jawi)
badam-badam (plural)
badamku (first-person informal possessive)
badammu (possessive second-person)
badamnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: badam

From Classical Malay بادم (badam), from Classical Persian بادام (bādām).


badam

almond (resembling the colour of an almond nut)


kau

Shortened form of engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.

kau-

informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger


Agus

From bagus, from Proto-Malayic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bagus.

Alternative form of Bagus, a male given name from Malay


reggae

reggae (Jawi spelling ريݢي, plural reggae-reggae, informal 1st possessive reggaeku, 2nd possessive reggaemu, 3rd possessive reggaenya)

ريݢي (Jawi)
reggae-reggae (plural)
reggaeku (first-person informal possessive)
reggaemu (possessive second-person)
reggaenya (possessive third-person)

Unadapted borrowing from English reggae.


Beta

A pronoun which is used by Malay royal sovereigns to refer to themselves.


Abraham

ابراهام (Jawi)


Chin

Translingual: chini

Datuk Chin Phui Kong, b. 1923


Hang

E.g.Hang Tuah, Hang Li Po

(historical) A title in early Malay Muslim states bestowed upon those who have done good for the state.


mari

From Proto-Malayic *mari, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maʀi.

(intransitive) to come (to move from further away to nearer to)


mari

→ Negeri Sembilan Malay: maghih


roda

roda (Jawi spelling رودا, plural roda-roda)

Borrowed from Portuguese roda, from Latin rota, from Proto-Indo-European.

wheel (a circular device facilitating movement or transportation)


Jun

From English June, from Middle English jun, june, from juyng, from Old French juing, from Latin iūnius.

June (sixth month of the Gregorian calendar)


Amerika

اميريکا (Jawi)

Bahasa Inggeris bahasa kebangsaan de facto Amerika.

English is the de facto national language of America.

Alternative form of Amerika Syarikat (“United States of America”).

Pertubuhan Negara-Negara Amerika


Minggu

From Portuguese domingo, from Latin dominīcus.


Mac

(Malaysia, Brunei) March (third month of the Gregorian calendar)


Oktober

اوکتوبر (Jawi)

From English October, from Middle English, from Old English, from Latin Octōber, from octō, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

October (tenth month of the Gregorian calendar)


PH

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Pakatan Harapan (“Alliance of Hope”).


Perak

From perak, from pirak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak.


Natal

Indonesian: Natal

Borrowed from Portuguese Natal (via any dialects in contact with the Portuguese like Ambonese, Ternate etc) or creoles like Kristang, from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

der

(Malacca, Christianity) Christmas; a festival/holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan and secular customs, which is celebrated on December 25 in most places.


Perancis

From Portuguese francês (“French”). Possible cognate to Malay perang (“blond”).


Quran

Borrowed from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān).


ka

Abbreviation of kaki (“foot (unit of measurement)”).


Rum

Borrowing from Persian روم or Arabic روم (Rūm), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Ancient Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē), from Latin Roma (“Rome”).


palau

ms-noun

palau (Jawi spelling ڤالاو, plural palau-palau, informal 1st possessive palauku, 2nd possessive palaumu, 3rd possessive palaunya)

ڤالاو (Jawi)
palau-palau (plural)
palauku (first-person informal possessive)
palaumu (possessive second-person)
palaunya (possessive third-person)


palau

(slang, nonstandard) to ignore or to ghost.


tanya

Indonesian: tanya

From Proto-Malayic *taɲaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *utaña.

Apakah yang Foong tanya Cikgu Ali?
What did Foong ask Mr. Ali?


akan

Indonesian: akan

Peranakan Indonesian: aken

From Classical Malay اكن (akan), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aken (“preposition, on, upon; applicative marker”).

inh

Saya akan membesar.


F

The sixth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


B

The second letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


L

The twelfth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


D

The fourth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


G

The seventh letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


E

The fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


R

The eighteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


mata

ms-noun

mata (Jawi spelling مات, plural mata-mata, informal 1st possessive mataku, 2nd possessive matamu, 3rd possessive matanya)

مات (Jawi)
mata-mata (plural)
mataku (first-person informal possessive)
matamu (possessive second-person)
matanya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: mata (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata, from Proto-Austronesian *maCa.

fountainhead, source (of income, water, etc.)

mark, score (gained in a contest, exam, etc.)


J

The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


C

The third letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


N

The fourteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


P

The sixteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Latin

From Latin latīnus, from Latium (“the region around Rome”) + -īnus (“adjective suffix”).


V

The twenty-second letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


badminton

بدمينتون (Jawi)


T

The twentieth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Z

The twenty-sixth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


H

The eighth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


U

The twenty-first letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Y

The twenty-fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


K

The eleventh letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


M

The thirteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


W

The twenty-third letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


internet

internét (Jawi spelling اينترنيت, plural internet-internet, informal 1st possessive internetku, 2nd possessive internetmu, 3rd possessive internetnya)

internét (canonical)
اينترنيت (Jawi)
internet-internet (plural)
internetku (first-person informal possessive)
internetmu (possessive second-person)
internetnya (possessive third-person)


tuan

tuan (Jawi spelling توان, plural tuan-tuan, informal 1st possessive tuanku, 2nd possessive tuanmu, 3rd possessive tuannya)

توان (Jawi)
tuan-tuan (plural)
tuanku (first-person informal possessive)
tuanmu (possessive second-person)
tuannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tuan

→ Hokkien: 緞／缎 (toān, “master, mister”)

→? Tagalog: tuwan (obsolete)

→ Tausug: tuwan

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan (“deity”). Doublet of tuhan.


S

The nineteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Q

The seventeenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


reka

From Sanskrit रेखा (rekhā, “outline, drawing”).


rajah

ms-noun

rajah (Jawi spelling راجه, plural rajah-rajah, informal 1st possessive rajahku, 2nd possessive rajahmu, 3rd possessive rajahnya)

راجه (Jawi)
rajah-rajah (plural)
rajahku (first-person informal possessive)
rajahmu (possessive second-person)
rajahnya (possessive third-person)

merajahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

writings or sketchings used as a talisman


champagne

Borrowed from English champagne, from French champagne, from Champagne, from Late Latin campania, from campāneus, from Latin campus.

champagne (sparkling wine made in Champagne)


sais

sais (Jawi spelling ساءيس, plural sais-sais, informal 1st possessive saisku, 2nd possessive saismu, 3rd possessive saisnya)

ساءيس (Jawi)
sais-sais (plural)
saisku (first-person informal possessive)
saismu (possessive second-person)
saisnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sais

→ Vietnamese: xà ích

From Hindi साईस (sāīs), सईस (saīs, “groom”), from Arabic سَائِس (sāʔis, “stableman, groom”), from سَاس (“to tend a horse”).


Neptun

Neptune (eighth planet of the solar system)


O

The fifteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Ismail

إسماعيل (Jawi)

From Arabic إِسْمَاعِيل (ʔismāʕīl), from Hebrew ישמעאל (yishma'él).

bor

Arabic إِسْمَاعِيل (ʔismāʕīl)


fitnah

ms-noun

fitnah (Jawi spelling فتنه, plural fitnah-fitnah, informal 1st possessive fitnahku, 2nd possessive fitnahmu, 3rd possessive fitnahnya)

فتنه (Jawi)
fitnah-fitnah (plural)
fitnahku (first-person informal possessive)
fitnahmu (possessive second-person)
fitnahnya (possessive third-person)


johan

johan (Jawi spelling جوهن, plural johan-johan, informal 1st possessive johanku, 2nd possessive johanmu, 3rd possessive johannya)

جوهن (Jawi)
johan-johan (plural)
johanku (first-person informal possessive)
johanmu (possessive second-person)
johannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: johan

Borrowed from Classical Persian جهان (jahān, “world”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (gyhʾn' /gēhān/, “worldly creatures, world”), from plural genitive form of Proto-Iranian *gay-θā-.

der

champion, winner; someone that has won (in a championship, competition, tournament, etc.)


hikmah

ms-noun

hikmah (Jawi spelling حکمه, plural hikmah-hikmah, informal 1st possessive hikmahku, 2nd possessive hikmahmu, 3rd possessive hikmahnya)

حکمه (Jawi)
hikmah-hikmah (plural)
hikmahku (first-person informal possessive)
hikmahmu (possessive second-person)
hikmahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: hikmah


azan

azan (Jawi spelling اذان, plural azan-azan, informal 1st possessive azanku, 2nd possessive azanmu, 3rd possessive azannya)

اذان (Jawi)
azan-azan (plural)
azanku (first-person informal possessive)
azanmu (possessive second-person)
azannya (possessive third-person)


takbir

takbir (Jawi spelling تکبير, plural takbir-takbir, informal 1st possessive takbirku, 2nd possessive takbirmu, 3rd possessive takbirnya)

تکبير (Jawi)
takbir-takbir (plural)
takbirku (first-person informal possessive)
takbirmu (possessive second-person)
takbirnya (possessive third-person)

(Islam) takbir: A proclamation of the greatness of God, "Allahu akbar".


masjid

masjid (Jawi spelling مسجد, plural masjid-masjid, informal 1st possessive masjidku, 2nd possessive masjidmu, 3rd possessive masjidnya)

مسجد (Jawi)
masjid-masjid (plural)
masjidku (first-person informal possessive)
masjidmu (possessive second-person)
masjidnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: masjid

Bahasa Baku, Standard Singapore, Sarawak, Sabah


Safar

> Indonesian: Safar (inherited)

Safar (the second month of the Islamic calendar)


iftar

iftar (plural iftar-iftar, informal 1st possessive iftarku, 2nd possessive iftarmu, 3rd possessive iftarnya)

iftar-iftar (plural)
iftarku (first-person informal possessive)
iftarmu (possessive second-person)
iftarnya (possessive third-person)

bor

Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār)

(Islam) The evening meal or dinner that marks the end of the daily fast on Ramadan.


Ibrahim

ابراهیم (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm).

etymon

ar>إِبْرَاهِيم>prophet

A male given name from Arabic or Hebrew.


PTT

ms-noun

PTT (plural PTT-PTT, informal 1st possessive PTTku, 2nd possessive PTTmu, 3rd possessive PTTnya)

PTT-PTT (plural)
PTTku (first-person informal possessive)
PTTmu (possessive second-person)
PTTnya (possessive third-person)

pegawai tidak tauliah
pegawai tidak tauliah#Malay

(Malaysia) Initialism of pegawai tidak tauliah.


ummah

ummah (Jawi spelling اومة, plural ummah-ummah, informal 1st possessive ummahku, 2nd possessive ummahmu, 3rd possessive ummahnya)

اومة (Jawi)
ummah-ummah (plural)
ummahku (first-person informal possessive)
ummahmu (possessive second-person)
ummahnya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic أُمَّة (ʔumma, “community”).

community (usually the Muslim community)


raya

Indonesian: raya

→ Javanese: raya

→ Madurese: rajâ

From Proto-Malayic *raya, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaya, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀaya.

merayakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dirayakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


dosa

dosa (Jawi spelling دوسا, plural dosa-dosa, informal 1st possessive dosaku, 2nd possessive dosamu, 3rd possessive dosanya)

دوسا (Jawi)
dosa-dosa (plural)
dosaku (first-person informal possessive)
dosamu (possessive second-person)
dosanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dosa

→ Iban: dosa

→ Maranao: dosa

→ Tagalog: dusa (“suffering”)

→ Tausug: dusa


iman

iman (plural iman-iman, informal 1st possessive imanku, 2nd possessive imanmu, 3rd possessive imannya)

iman-iman (plural)
imanku (first-person informal possessive)
imanmu (possessive second-person)
imannya (possessive third-person)

bor

Arabic إِيمَان (ʔīmān)


kafir

ms-noun

kafir (Jawi spelling کافير, plural kafir-kafir)

From Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).

bor

(Islam, offensive, religious slur) A kafir, a disbeliever, a denier: someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.


Ramadan

Indonesian: Ramadan


Muhammad

Baháʼí Baháʼí

(Islam) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.


raja

ms-noun

raja (Jawi spelling راج, plural raja-raja, informal 1st possessive rajaku, 2nd possessive rajamu, 3rd possessive rajanya)

راج (Jawi)
raja-raja (plural)
rajaku (first-person informal possessive)
rajamu (possessive second-person)
rajanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit राजन् (rājan, “king, prince”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ȷ́ā (“king”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ȷ́ā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵ-ō, from *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

A king; a male of a royal family who is the supreme ruler of his nation.

(archaic, informal) A ruler; the person, body, or force currently in power.

A tycoon; someone who possesses significant influence in a certain area or field.

(card games) A playing card with the letter 'K' and an image of a king on it.

A title found in the names of some people of royal descent.


I

The ninth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Aristotle

From Ancient Greek Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs).


DBP

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
w:ms:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

(Malaysia) Initialism of Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (“Institute of Language and Literature”)

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei
w:ms:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei

(Brunei) Initialism of Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei (“Language and Literature Bureau”)


aman

From Arabic اَمَان (amān, “tranquillity, peacefulness”).


tonsil

ms-noun

tonsil (Jawi spelling تونسيل, plural tonsil-tonsil, informal 1st possessive tonsilku, 2nd possessive tonsilmu, 3rd possessive tonsilnya)

تونسيل (Jawi)
tonsil-tonsil (plural)
tonsilku (first-person informal possessive)
tonsilmu (possessive second-person)
tonsilnya (possessive third-person)


mcm

(informal, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of macam (“like, similar to”).


hoi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huy (“exclamation to express surprise, call to a friend, respond to a distant call, etc.”). Compare Cantonese 喂 (wai²) or Min Nan 喂 (oeh).

inh

Hoi, apa kau buat tu?!

hey; interjection used to call out to people


saat

ms-noun

saat (Jawi spelling ساعت, plural saat-saat, informal 1st possessive saatku, 2nd possessive saatmu, 3rd possessive saatnya)

ساعت (Jawi)
saat-saat (plural)
saatku (first-person informal possessive)
saatmu (possessive second-person)
saatnya (possessive third-person)


isi

isi (Jawi spelling ايسي, plural isi-isi, informal 1st possessive isiku, 2nd possessive isimu, 3rd possessive isinya)

ايسي (Jawi)
isi-isi (plural)
isiku (first-person informal possessive)
isimu (possessive second-person)
isinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: isi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isi, from Proto-Austronesian *isi.

perisian [causative passive + resultative

mengisikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diisikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


Jepun

Indonesian: Jepun

→ Dutch: Japan (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: Japão (see there for further descendants)

Japanese (pertaining to ethnic group or language)


bebek

bebek (plural bebek-bebek, informal 1st possessive bebekku, 2nd possessive bebekmu, 3rd possessive bebeknya)

bebek-bebek (plural)
bebekku (first-person informal possessive)
bebekmu (possessive second-person)
bebeknya (possessive third-person)

Cebuano: bibi

Hiligaynon: bibi

Indonesian: bebek

Masbatenyo: bibe

Old Javanese: bebek

Javanese: ꦧꦺꦧꦺꦏ꧀ (bèbèk)

→ Balinese: ᬩᬾᬩᬾᬓ᭄ (bébék)

Rukai: bibi

Tagalog: bibe

Saisiyat: bibi꞉

Yami: bibi


talas

talas (Jawi spelling تالس, informal 1st possessive talasku, 2nd possessive talasmu, 3rd possessive talasnya)

تالس (Jawi)
talasku (first-person informal possessive)
talasmu (possessive second-person)
talasnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: talas

From Proto-Malayic *taləs, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taləs.

Ada ubi ada talas, ada budi ada balas.

(literally, “Taro and tubers, kindness will return favors.”)

Good deeds will be returned with gratitude someday.

Membungkus tulang dengan daun talas.

(literally, “Wrapping a bone with a taro leaf.”)


sah

Indonesian: sah

Tanpa lesen yang sah, Pemasang Motor Motor Pahang tidak dapat beroperasi

2019, Tan Sri Shamsuddin Abdul Kadir, Anak Seorang Drebar, Malaysian Institute of Translation & Books, →ISBN, page 294:

Without a valid licence, Motor Pahang Motorcycle Installers could not operate


suku

suku (Jawi spelling سوکو, plural suku-suku, informal 1st possessive sukuku, 2nd possessive sukumu, 3rd possessive sukunya)

سوکو (Jawi)
suku-suku (plural)
sukuku (first-person informal possessive)
sukumu (possessive second-person)
sukunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suku (“one quarter; designation for a division of society, probably a lineage”).

inh

Sekarang satu suku.

(Indonesian)

(finance) a fourth part of the year; 3 months; a term or season.

Suku Jawa

(Negeri Sembilan) A traditional matrilineal clan under Adat Perpatih.


francais

ms-noun

francais (Jawi spelling فرنچاءيس, plural francais-francais, informal 1st possessive francaisku, 2nd possessive francaismu, 3rd possessive francaisnya)

فرنچاءيس (Jawi)
francais-francais (plural)
francaisku (first-person informal possessive)
francaismu (possessive second-person)
francaisnya (possessive third-person)

A franchise (right granted by a government)

A franchise (acknowledgement of a corporation's existence)

A franchise (authorization granted for distribution of goods or services)

A franchise (exemption from jurisdiction)

A franchise (right to vote at an election)

(sports) A franchise (collection of organizations in a sport team's history)

(business, marketing) A franchise (positive influence on the buying behaviour of customers)

A franchise (loose collection of fictional works pertaining to a particular universe)


francais

فرنچاءيس (Jawi)

(transitive, with mem-) to grant a franchise


anjing

anjing (Jawi spelling انجيڠ, plural anjing-anjing, informal 1st possessive anjingku, 2nd possessive anjingmu, 3rd possessive anjingnya)

انجيڠ (Jawi)
anjing-anjing (plural)
anjingku (first-person informal possessive)
anjingmu (possessive second-person)
anjingnya (possessive third-person)

Anjing saya suka tidur dan makan.


asu

asu (Jawi spelling اسو, plural asu-asu, informal 1st possessive asuku, 2nd possessive asumu, 3rd possessive asunya)

اسو (Jawi)
asu-asu (plural)
asuku (first-person informal possessive)
asumu (possessive second-person)
asunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *asu, from Proto-Austronesian *(w)asu.


lesen

lesen (Jawi spelling ليسين, plural lesen-lesen, informal 1st possessive lesenku, 2nd possessive lesenmu, 3rd possessive lesennya)

ليسين (Jawi)
lesen-lesen (plural)
lesenku (first-person informal possessive)
lesenmu (possessive second-person)
lesennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English licence. The loss of the final consonant -ce /s/ is either due to constraint against final consonant clusters, or being analysed as a plural ending (Malay lacked regular plurals).


sami

sami (Jawi spelling سامي, plural sami-sami, informal 1st possessive samiku, 2nd possessive samimu, 3rd possessive saminya)

سامي (Jawi)
sami-sami (plural)
samiku (first-person informal possessive)
samimu (possessive second-person)
saminya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sami

Derived from Pali sāmī, from Sanskrit स्वामिन् (svāmin). Doublet of suami.


sami

Indonesian: sami


ef

The name of the Latin-script letter F/f.


gamelan

gamelan (Jawi spelling ݢميلن, informal 1st possessive gamelanku, 2nd possessive gamelanmu, 3rd possessive gamelannya)

ݢميلن (Jawi)
gamelanku (first-person informal possessive)
gamelanmu (possessive second-person)
gamelannya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀ (gamelan), from Old Javanese gamelan.


kindergarten

head

kindergarten (less used, plural kindergarten-kindergarten)

From English kindergarten, from German Kindergarten.

kindergarten (educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6)


kiu

The name of the Latin-script letter Q/q.


PN

Perikatan Nasional
w:ms:Perikatan Nasional

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Perikatan Nasional (“National Alliance”).


lengkap

> Indonesian: lengkap (inherited)


haus

Baba Malay: ha'us

Indonesian: haus

Aku berasa haus.

"Aku haus untuk kesayangan kau", kata Daniel dalam keadaan mabuknya.

"I desire (lit. am having a desire) for your love", says Daniel in his drunken state.

having a desire or longing for something


haus

Indonesian: haus

tayar haus

worn (of something becoming smaller or thinner due to constant use and friction)


lahu

ms-noun

lahu (Jawi spelling لاهو, plural lahu-lahu, informal 1st possessive lahuku, 2nd possessive lahumu, 3rd possessive lahunya)

لاهو (Jawi)
lahu-lahu (plural)
lahuku (first-person informal possessive)
lahumu (possessive second-person)
lahunya (possessive third-person)


lari

From Proto-Malayic *lari, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *lari, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *lari, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laʀiw, from Proto-Austronesian *laʀiw.

to leave (a place, a job, etc) without permission


lari

lari (Jawi spelling لاري, plural lari-lari, informal 1st possessive lariku, 2nd possessive larimu, 3rd possessive larinya)

لاري (Jawi)
lari-lari (plural)
lariku (first-person informal possessive)
larimu (possessive second-person)
larinya (possessive third-person)


nam

Shortened form of enam, from Proto-Malayic *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Austronesian *ənəm.


nek

nek (Jawi spelling نيق, informal 1st possessive nekku, 2nd possessive nekmu, 3rd possessive neknya)

نيق (Jawi)
nekku (first-person informal possessive)
nekmu (possessive second-person)
neknya (possessive third-person)


rega

rega (Jawi spelling رݢ, plural rega-rega, informal 1st possessive regaku, 2nd possessive regamu, 3rd possessive reganya)

رݢ (Jawi)
rega-rega (plural)
regaku (first-person informal possessive)
regamu (possessive second-person)
reganya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अर्घ (argha). Doublet of harga.


dapur

dapur (Jawi spelling داڤور, plural dapur-dapur, informal 1st possessive dapurku, 2nd possessive dapurmu, 3rd possessive dapurnya)

داڤور (Jawi)
dapur-dapur (plural)
dapurku (first-person informal possessive)
dapurmu (possessive second-person)
dapurnya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: dapur (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦝꦥꦸꦂ (dhapur)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuR. Cognate with Tagalog dapog, Samoan magalafu (“fireplace, furnace”).


ara

ara (Jawi spelling ارا, plural ara-ara, informal 1st possessive araku, 2nd possessive aramu, 3rd possessive aranya)

ارا (Jawi)
ara-ara (plural)
araku (first-person informal possessive)
aramu (possessive second-person)
aranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ara


kalendar

kalendar (Jawi spelling کاليندر, plural kalendar-kalendar, informal 1st possessive kalendarku, 2nd possessive kalendarmu, 3rd possessive kalendarnya)

کاليندر (Jawi)
kalendar-kalendar (plural)
kalendarku (first-person informal possessive)
kalendarmu (possessive second-person)
kalendarnya (possessive third-person)

calendar (system by which time is divided)


rege

régé (Jawi spelling ريݢي, plural rege-rege, informal 1st possessive regeku, 2nd possessive regemu, 3rd possessive regenya)

régé (canonical)
ريݢي (Jawi)
rege-rege (plural)
regeku (first-person informal possessive)
regemu (possessive second-person)
regenya (possessive third-person)

(music, dance) A type of music or dance that originated from the West Indies; reggae.


sendi

sendi (Jawi spelling سندي, plural sendi-sendi, informal 1st possessive sendiku, 2nd possessive sendimu, 3rd possessive sendinya)

سندي (Jawi)
sendi-sendi (plural)
sendiku (first-person informal possessive)
sendimu (possessive second-person)
sendinya (possessive third-person)


dansa

dansa (Jawi spelling دنسا, plural dansa-dansa, informal 1st possessive dansaku, 2nd possessive dansamu, 3rd possessive dansanya)

دنسا (Jawi)
dansa-dansa (plural)
dansaku (first-person informal possessive)
dansamu (possessive second-person)
dansanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dansa

Borrowed from Portuguese dança (“dance”) or Spanish danza (“dance”).

A dance (especially one of Western origin).


peti

pĕti (Jawi spelling ڤتي, plural peti-peti, informal 1st possessive petiku, 2nd possessive petimu, 3rd possessive petinya)

pĕti (canonical)
ڤتي (Jawi)
peti-peti (plural)
petiku (first-person informal possessive)
petimu (possessive second-person)
petinya (possessive third-person)

Baba Malay: peti

Indonesian: peti

→ Urak Lawoi': เปอตี (peti)

From Tamil பெட்டி (peṭṭi, “chest, trunk, box, case”) or Hindi पेटी (peṭī, “box, chest”).


helikopter

ms-noun

helikopter (plural helikopter-helikopter, informal 1st possessive helikopterku, 2nd possessive helikoptermu, 3rd possessive helikopternya)

helikopter-helikopter (plural)
helikopterku (first-person informal possessive)
helikoptermu (possessive second-person)
helikopternya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English helicopter, from French hélicoptère, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “spiral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing”).


desa

desa (Jawi spelling ديسا, plural desa-desa, informal 1st possessive desaku, 2nd possessive desamu, 3rd possessive desanya)

ديسا (Jawi)
desa-desa (plural)
desaku (first-person informal possessive)
desamu (possessive second-person)
desanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: desa

→ Min Nan: 禮些／礼些 (lése)


hon

hon (Jawi spelling هون, plural hon-hon, informal 1st possessive honku, 2nd possessive honmu, 3rd possessive honnya)

هون (Jawi)
hon-hon (plural)
honku (first-person informal possessive)
honmu (possessive second-person)
honnya (possessive third-person)


slanga

slanga (Jawi spelling سلاڠا, plural slanga-slanga, informal 1st possessive slangaku, 2nd possessive slangamu, 3rd possessive slanganya)

سلاڠا (Jawi)
slanga-slanga (plural)
slangaku (first-person informal possessive)
slangamu (possessive second-person)
slanganya (possessive third-person)

Jangan gunakan slanga dalam karangan kamu!

Words or expressions that are considered nonstandard; slang.


tir

tir (Jawi spelling تير, plural tir-tir, informal 1st possessive tirku, 2nd possessive tirmu, 3rd possessive tirnya)

تير (Jawi)
tir-tir (plural)
tirku (first-person informal possessive)
tirmu (possessive second-person)
tirnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tir

(sports) The rook or castle piece in chess.


ramen

ramen (plural ramen-ramen, informal 1st possessive ramenku, 2nd possessive ramenmu, 3rd possessive ramennya)

ramen-ramen (plural)
ramenku (first-person informal possessive)
ramenmu (possessive second-person)
ramennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Japanese ラーメン (rāmen), from Mandarin 拉麵／拉面 (lāmiàn, “pulled noodles”).


bara

ms-noun

bara (Jawi spelling بارا, plural bara-bara, informal 1st possessive baraku, 2nd possessive baramu, 3rd possessive baranya)

بارا (Jawi)
bara-bara (plural)
baraku (first-person informal possessive)
baramu (possessive second-person)
baranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bara

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀah, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀah.

perbaraan [causative passive + resultative

membarai [agent focus + causative benefactive]


pagi

pagi (Jawi spelling ڤاݢي, plural pagi-pagi)

Baba Malay: pagi

Indonesian: pagi

* According to Adelaar (1992), from Proto-Malayic *pagi.
* According to Hoogervorst (2016), who proposed a loan from Ardhamagadhi Prakrit page, from Sanskrit प्रगे (prage, “crack of dawn”). For similar vocalism, confer Eastern Cham pagé.


ain

ain (Jawi spelling عين, plural ain-ain, informal 1st possessive ainku, 2nd possessive ainmu, 3rd possessive ainnya)

عين (Jawi)
ain-ain (plural)
ainku (first-person informal possessive)
ainmu (possessive second-person)
ainnya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn), from Proto-Semitic *ʿayn-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʿayVn-.


a

The first letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


a

A, macam itulah sepatutnya kaujawab!

Used to show excitement or to show agreement.

Dia ni, a, salah seorang Perdana Menteri Britain dulu.

This guy is, er, one of Britain's Prime Ministers in the past.


sampan

sampan (Jawi spelling سمڤن, plural sampan-sampan, informal 1st possessive sampanku, 2nd possessive sampanmu, 3rd possessive sampannya)

سمڤن (Jawi)
sampan-sampan (plural)
sampanku (first-person informal possessive)
sampanmu (possessive second-person)
sampannya (possessive third-person)

From Classical Malay sampan, from Hokkien 舢板 (sam-pán).

Sampan itu terbalik disebabkan ombak-ombak yang kuat.

The boat capsized because of the strong waves.


hela

Indonesian: hela

→ Ternate: hela

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.

inh

menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


Madagaskar

ماداݢاسکر (Jawi)

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


lagu

ms-noun

lagu (Jawi spelling لاݢو, plural lagu-lagu, informal 1st possessive laguku, 2nd possessive lagumu, 3rd possessive lagunya)

لاݢو (Jawi)
lagu-lagu (plural)
laguku (first-person informal possessive)
lagumu (possessive second-person)
lagunya (possessive third-person)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lagu (“way, manner; melody”)

inh+

Lagu yang berkumandang di radio itu, menenangkan diri saya.

The song that is played in the radio, calms me down.


aurum

ms-noun

aurum (Jawi spelling اٴوروم, informal 1st possessive aurumku, 2nd possessive aurummu, 3rd possessive aurumnya)

اٴوروم (Jawi)
aurumku (first-person informal possessive)
aurummu (possessive second-person)
aurumnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English aurum, from Latin aurum.


parti

parti (Jawi spelling ڤرتي, plural parti-parti, informal 1st possessive partiku, 2nd possessive partimu, 3rd possessive partinya)

ڤرتي (Jawi)
parti-parti (plural)
partiku (first-person informal possessive)
partimu (possessive second-person)
partinya (possessive third-person)

Mari kita berparti!


puri

puri (Jawi spelling ڤوري, plural puri-puri, informal 1st possessive puriku, 2nd possessive purimu, 3rd possessive purinya)

ڤوري (Jawi)
puri-puri (plural)
puriku (first-person informal possessive)
purimu (possessive second-person)
purinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: puri

From Sanskrit पुरी (purī). Doublet of pura.

residential section of a palace
(bahasa istana) room


puri

puri (plural puri-puri, informal 1st possessive puriku, 2nd possessive purimu, 3rd possessive purinya)

puri-puri (plural)
puriku (first-person informal possessive)
purimu (possessive second-person)
purinya (possessive third-person)

From English puree, from French purée, from Old French puree; feminine past participle of verb purer (“to make pure”), from Late Latin purare (same sense) from Classical Latin purus (“pure”).

puree: a food that has been ground or crushed into a thick liquid.


cara

cara (Jawi spelling چارا, plural cara-cara, informal 1st possessive caraku, 2nd possessive caramu, 3rd possessive caranya)

چارا (Jawi)
cara-cara (plural)
caraku (first-person informal possessive)
caramu (possessive second-person)
caranya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: cara (inherited)

From Sanskrit आचार (ācāra, “behaviour, good conduct; usage; custom; rule”), from Sanskrit चर् (car, “to move, to practice”).
Alternatively, from Persian چاره (čâra, “remedy; help; business; scheme; means, manner, mode”).


BI

ms-noun

BI (informal 1st possessive BIku, 2nd possessive BImu, 3rd possessive BInya)

BIku (first-person informal possessive)
BImu (possessive second-person)
BInya (possessive third-person)

(education) short for Bahasa Inggeris (“English”).


Borneo

بورنيو (Jawi)


takse

takse (informal 1st possessive takseku, 2nd possessive taksemu, 3rd possessive taksenya)

takseku (first-person informal possessive)
taksemu (possessive second-person)
taksenya (possessive third-person)


nona

nona (Jawi spelling نونا, plural nona-nona, informal 1st possessive nonaku, 2nd possessive nonamu, 3rd possessive nonanya)

نونا (Jawi)
nona-nona (plural)
nonaku (first-person informal possessive)
nonamu (possessive second-person)
nonanya (possessive third-person)

Ambonese Malay: nona

Indonesian: nona

From Portuguese dona (“lady”) likely via Javanese. Doublet of nonya and nyonya.


nona

Indonesian: nona

Annona squamosa
Annona squamosa#Translingual

custard apple or sugar apple (Annona squamosa)

glue berry or bird lime tree (Cordia dichotoma)


maya

From Pali maya, from Sanskrit माया (māyā).


باب

باب (plural باب-باب or باب۲, informal 1st possessive بابکو, 2nd possessive بابمو, 3rd possessive بابڽ)

باب-باب (plural)
باب۲ (plural)
بابکو (first-person informal possessive)
بابمو (possessive second-person)
بابڽ (possessive third-person)


gen

gen (plural gen-gen, informal 1st possessive genku, 2nd possessive genmu, 3rd possessive gennya)

gen-gen (plural)
genku (first-person informal possessive)
genmu (possessive second-person)
gennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch gen (“gene”), from German Gen (which was coined by Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication), from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I come into being”).

der

(genetics) a theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; a gene may take several values and in principle predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair colour.

(molecular biology) locus: a segment of DNA or RNA from a cell's or an organism's genome, that may take several forms and thus parameterizes a phenomenon, in general the structure of a protein.


isim

ms-noun

isim (Jawi spelling اسم, plural isim-isim, informal 1st possessive isimku, 2nd possessive isimmu, 3rd possessive isimnya)

اسم (Jawi)
isim-isim (plural)
isimku (first-person informal possessive)
isimmu (possessive second-person)
isimnya (possessive third-person)

name (word or phrase indicating a particular person, place, class or thing)


taksi

taksi (Jawi spelling تيکسي, plural taksi-taksi, informal 1st possessive taksiku, 2nd possessive taksimu, 3rd possessive taksinya)

تيکسي (Jawi)
taksi-taksi (plural)
taksiku (first-person informal possessive)
taksimu (possessive second-person)
taksinya (possessive third-person)


aki

aki (Jawi spelling اکي, plural aki-aki, informal 1st possessive akiku, 2nd possessive akimu, 3rd possessive akinya)

اکي (Jawi)
aki-aki (plural)
akiku (first-person informal possessive)
akimu (possessive second-person)
akinya (possessive third-person)


asa

asa (Jawi spelling اسا, plural asa-asa, informal 1st possessive asaku, 2nd possessive asamu, 3rd possessive asanya)

اسا (Jawi)
asa-asa (plural)
asaku (first-person informal possessive)
asamu (possessive second-person)
asanya (possessive third-person)

hope (belief that something wished for can happen)


asa

Indonesian: asa


bidan

bidan (Jawi spelling بيدن, plural bidan-bidan, informal 1st possessive bidanku, 2nd possessive bidanmu, 3rd possessive bidannya)

بيدن (Jawi)
bidan-bidan (plural)
bidanku (first-person informal possessive)
bidanmu (possessive second-person)
bidannya (possessive third-person)

From Prakrit *𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀡 (*viddāṇa), from Sanskrit विद्वान् (vidvān, “wise man”). Doublet of biduan.

Midwife (person who assists women in childbirth)


tenis

tenis (plural tenis-tenis, informal 1st possessive tenisku, 2nd possessive tenismu, 3rd possessive tenisnya)

tenis-tenis (plural)
tenisku (first-person informal possessive)
tenismu (possessive second-person)
tenisnya (possessive third-person)


masa

masa (Jawi spelling ماس, plural masa-masa, informal 1st possessive masaku, 2nd possessive masamu, 3rd possessive masanya)

ماس (Jawi)
masa-masa (plural)
masaku (first-person informal possessive)
masamu (possessive second-person)
masanya (possessive third-person)

Probably from Sanskrit मास (māsa, “month”).

time (time of day, as indicated by a clock, etc)

time (measurement under some system of the time of day or moment in time)

time (numerical indication of a particular moment in time)


usus

usus (Jawi spelling اوسوس, plural usus-usus, informal 1st possessive ususku, 2nd possessive ususmu, 3rd possessive ususnya)

اوسوس (Jawi)
usus-usus (plural)
ususku (first-person informal possessive)
ususmu (possessive second-person)
ususnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: usus

→ Ternate: usus


carian

carian (Jawi spelling چارين, plural carian-carian, informal 1st possessive carianku, 2nd possessive carianmu, 3rd possessive cariannya)

چارين (Jawi)
carian-carian (plural)
carianku (first-person informal possessive)
carianmu (possessive second-person)
cariannya (possessive third-person)


palma

palma (Jawi spelling ڤلما, plural palma-palma, informal 1st possessive palmaku, 2nd possessive palmamu, 3rd possessive palmanya)

ڤلما (Jawi)
palma-palma (plural)
palmaku (first-person informal possessive)
palmamu (possessive second-person)
palmanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English palm, from Latin palma.

palm tree (any tree of the family Arecaceae)


haba

haba (Jawi spelling هاب, informal 1st possessive habaku, 2nd possessive habamu, 3rd possessive habanya)

هاب (Jawi)
habaku (first-person informal possessive)
habamu (possessive second-person)
habanya (possessive third-person)

(energy form) latent heat, heat conduction


bala

bala (Jawi spelling بالا, plural bala-bala, informal 1st possessive balaku, 2nd possessive balamu, 3rd possessive balanya)

بالا (Jawi)
bala-bala (plural)
balaku (first-person informal possessive)
balamu (possessive second-person)
balanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bala


bala

bala (Jawi spelling بالا or بلاء, plural bala-bala, informal 1st possessive balaku, 2nd possessive balamu, 3rd possessive balanya)

بالا (Jawi)
بلاء (Jawi)
bala-bala (plural)
balaku (first-person informal possessive)
balamu (possessive second-person)
balanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bala

From Arabic بَلَاء (balāʔ, “misfortune”).


bomba

bomba (plural bomba-bomba, informal 1st possessive bombaku, 2nd possessive bombamu, 3rd possessive bombanya)

bomba-bomba (plural)
bombaku (first-person informal possessive)
bombamu (possessive second-person)
bombanya (possessive third-person)


ozon

ozon (Jawi spelling اوزون, informal 1st possessive ozonku, 2nd possessive ozonmu, 3rd possessive ozonnya)

اوزون (Jawi)
ozonku (first-person informal possessive)
ozonmu (possessive second-person)
ozonnya (possessive third-person)


GBS

Gabungan Bersatu Sabah
w:ms:Gabungan Bersatu Sabah

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Gabungan Bersatu Sabah (“United Alliance of Sabah”).


ari

ari (Jawi spelling اري, plural ari-ari, informal 1st possessive ariku, 2nd possessive arimu, 3rd possessive arinya)

اري (Jawi)
ari-ari (plural)
ariku (first-person informal possessive)
arimu (possessive second-person)
arinya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Javanese ari, from Old Javanese aḍi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huaji, from Proto-Austronesian *Suaji.


boi

boi (Jawi spelling بوي, plural boi-boi, informal 1st possessive boiku, 2nd possessive boimu, 3rd possessive boinya)

بوي (Jawi)
boi-boi (plural)
boiku (first-person informal possessive)
boimu (possessive second-person)
boinya (possessive third-person)


mas

Shortened from emas, from Sanskrit माष (māṣa, “particular weight of gold”).


seng

From Indonesian seng, from Dutch zink, from German Zink, from Zinken.


tante

ms-noun

tante (Jawi spelling تنتى, plural tante-tante, informal 1st possessive tanteku, 2nd possessive tantemu, 3rd possessive tantenya)

تنتى (Jawi)
tante-tante (plural)
tanteku (first-person informal possessive)
tantemu (possessive second-person)
tantenya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tante

(Netherlands) aunt (a parent’s sister or sister-in-law)


samur

samur (Jawi spelling سمور, plural samur-samur, informal 1st possessive samurku, 2nd possessive samurmu, 3rd possessive samurnya)

سمور (Jawi)
samur-samur (plural)
samurku (first-person informal possessive)
samurmu (possessive second-person)
samurnya (possessive third-person)


teta

teta (Jawi spelling تيتا, plural teta-teta, informal 1st possessive tetaku, 2nd possessive tetamu, 3rd possessive tetanya)

تيتا (Jawi)
teta-teta (plural)
tetaku (first-person informal possessive)
tetamu (possessive second-person)
tetanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English theta, from Ancient Greek θῆτα (thêta).

Huruf teta


eka-

From Sanskrit एक (eka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *óykos, Proto-Indo-European *óynos, Proto-Indo-European *óywos.


lamina

lamina (Jawi spelling لامينا, plural lamina-lamina, informal 1st possessive laminaku, 2nd possessive laminamu, 3rd possessive laminanya)

لامينا (Jawi)
lamina-lamina (plural)
laminaku (first-person informal possessive)
laminamu (possessive second-person)
laminanya (possessive third-person)


baja

baja (plural baja-baja, informal 1st possessive bajaku, 2nd possessive bajamu, 3rd possessive bajanya)

baja-baja (plural)
bajaku (first-person informal possessive)
bajamu (possessive second-person)
bajanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: baja

From Sanskrit वाज (vāja, “sacrificial food or prayer”).


doktor

ms-noun

doktor (Jawi spelling دوکتور, plural doktor-doktor, informal 1st possessive doktorku, 2nd possessive doktormu, 3rd possessive doktornya)

دوکتور (Jawi)
doktor-doktor (plural)
doktorku (first-person informal possessive)
doktormu (possessive second-person)
doktornya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) doctor; physician

doctor (person who has attained a doctorate, such as a Ph.D. or Th.D. or one of many other terminal degrees conferred by a college or university)


esa

From Proto-Malayic *əsa and *isa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa and *isa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa and *isa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa and *isa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa and *isa (“one”).


demokrasi

demokrasi (Jawi spelling ديموکراسي, informal 1st possessive demokrasiku, 2nd possessive demokrasimu, 3rd possessive demokrasinya)

ديموکراسي (Jawi)
demokrasiku (first-person informal possessive)
demokrasimu (possessive second-person)
demokrasinya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch democratie or English democracy, from Middle French democratie, from Medieval Latin democratia, from Ancient Greek δημοκρατία (dēmokratía).


يوم

يوم (Rumi spelling yaum, plural يوم-يوم or يوم۲, informal 1st possessive يومکو, 2nd possessive يوممو, 3rd possessive يومڽ)

yaum (Rumi)
يوم-يوم (plural)
يوم۲ (plural)
يومکو (first-person informal possessive)
يوممو (possessive second-person)
يومڽ (possessive third-person)

day (period from midnight to the following midnight)

day (part of a day period which one spends at one’s job, school, etc.)


rama

rama (Jawi spelling راما, plural rama-rama, informal 1st possessive ramaku, 2nd possessive ramamu, 3rd possessive ramanya)

راما (Jawi)
rama-rama (plural)
ramaku (first-person informal possessive)
ramamu (possessive second-person)
ramanya (possessive third-person)

From Old Javanese rāma (“father”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *da-amax (“father”), from Proto-Austronesian *ama-h (“father”).

bapa

bapanda, bapai, bapak, bapang, baba, papa


halwa

halwa (Jawi spelling هلوا or حلوا or حلوى, plural halwa-halwa, informal 1st possessive halwaku, 2nd possessive halwamu, 3rd possessive halwanya)

هلوا (Jawi)
حلوا (Jawi)
حلوى (Jawi)
halwa-halwa (plural)
halwaku (first-person informal possessive)
halwamu (possessive second-person)
halwanya (possessive third-person)

Malaccan Creole Malay: alua

Indonesian: halwa


harmonika

harmonika (Jawi spelling هرمونيکا, plural harmonika-harmonika, informal 1st possessive harmonikaku, 2nd possessive harmonikamu, 3rd possessive harmonikanya)

هرمونيکا (Jawi)
harmonika-harmonika (plural)
harmonikaku (first-person informal possessive)
harmonikamu (possessive second-person)
harmonikanya (possessive third-person)

(music) harmonica: a musical wind instrument with a series of holes for the player to blow into, each hole producing a different note.


paun

Borrowed from English pound, from Middle English pound, from Old English pund (“a pound, weight”), from Proto-Germanic *pundą (“pound, weight”), an early borrowing from Latin pondō (“by weight”), ablative form of pondus (“weight”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- (“to pull, stretch”).

der

The pound sterling; the currency of the United Kingdom.

The currency of some countries (Sudan, Syria, and Egypt).

A unit of mass equal to 16 ounces or 0.4536 kilograms.

Jewellery (bracelets, lockets, etc.) made out of gold that are shaped like coins.


paun

ms-noun

paun (Jawi spelling ڤاءون, plural paun-paun)

Borrowed from English pound, from Middle English pounde, ponde, pund, from Old English pund (“an enclosure”).

A pound; a place for confining animals (buffaloes, cows, etc.) that roam around a lot.


masin

From Proto-Malayic *(mA-)hasin, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)qasin, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)qasiN.


x

The twenty-fourth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.


x

(informal, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of tak (“not”).


terjemah

Borrowed from Arabic تَرْجَمَة (tarjama, “to interpret, translate”).

bor

Kerja saya ialah menterjemahkan buku bahasa Jepun.


بالغ

ms-noun

بالغ (plural بالغ-بالغ or بالغ۲, informal 1st possessive بالغکو, 2nd possessive بالغمو, 3rd possessive بالغڽ)

بالغ-بالغ (plural)
بالغ۲ (plural)
بالغکو (first-person informal possessive)
بالغمو (possessive second-person)
بالغڽ (possessive third-person)


دم

دم (plural دم-دم or دم۲, informal 1st possessive دمکو, 2nd possessive دممو, 3rd possessive دمڽ)

دم-دم (plural)
دم۲ (plural)
دمکو (first-person informal possessive)
دممو (possessive second-person)
دمڽ (possessive third-person)


tua

From tuha, from Proto-Malayic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)tuqah, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)tuqaS.

old (of a living being: having lived for relatively many years)

ripe (ready for reaping or gathering, of fruits and seeds)


zonder

From Dutch zonder, from Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.

(Netherlands, Indonesia) Alternative form of sonder


dak

Cognate with tidak, tak, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ (compare Indonesian tidak), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq.

Saya dak mahu makan.

(informal) not (negates meaning of verb)

Buku itu dak mahal.


kuil

kuil (Jawi spelling کوءيل, plural kuil-kuil, informal 1st possessive kuilku, 2nd possessive kuilmu, 3rd possessive kuilnya)

کوءيل (Jawi)
kuil-kuil (plural)
kuilku (first-person informal possessive)
kuilmu (possessive second-person)
kuilnya (possessive third-person)

From Tamil கோயில் (kōyil). See also English kovil.


sigaret

sigaret (Jawi spelling سيݢاريت, plural sigaret-sigaret, informal 1st possessive sigaretku, 2nd possessive sigaretmu, 3rd possessive sigaretnya)

سيݢاريت (Jawi)
sigaret-sigaret (plural)
sigaretku (first-person informal possessive)
sigaretmu (possessive second-person)
sigaretnya (possessive third-person)

From English cigarette, from French cigarette, from cigare, from Spanish cigarro + diminutive suffix -ette.


per-

Indonesian: per-

From Proto-Austronesian *paR- (“divide into x (x = numeral)”).

inh

Perlawanan

Satu perdua

40 km per jam


ji

The name of the Latin-script letter G/g.


jong

ms-noun

jong (Jawi spelling جوڠ, plural jong-jong, informal 1st possessive jongku, 2nd possessive jongmu, 3rd possessive jongnya)

جوڠ (Jawi)
jong-jong (plural)
jongku (first-person informal possessive)
jongmu (possessive second-person)
jongnya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: jung (inherited)

Borrowed from either Hokkien 船 (chûn) or Teochew 船 (zung⁵), from Proto-Min *-džionᴬ (“ship, boat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-lawŋ (“boat”). Compare Old Chinese 船 (OC *ɦljon).

Jong (a Javanese-Malay cargo and passenger ship)


riba

riba (Jawi spelling ريبا, plural riba-riba, informal 1st possessive ribaku, 2nd possessive ribamu, 3rd possessive ribanya)

ريبا (Jawi)
riba-riba (plural)
ribaku (first-person informal possessive)
ribamu (possessive second-person)
ribanya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *riba (“lap”). Cognate with Buginese riwa and Selaru riha.


riba

Indonesian: riba


teja

teja (Jawi spelling تيجا, plural teja-teja, informal 1st possessive tejaku, 2nd possessive tejamu, 3rd possessive tejanya)

تيجا (Jawi)
teja-teja (plural)
tejaku (first-person informal possessive)
tejamu (possessive second-person)
tejanya (possessive third-person)

From Pali teja, from Sanskrit तेजस् (tejas, “light”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *táyȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)téyg-os (“sharpness”).

foreglow or afterglow, reddish or yellowish ray observed during sunset or sunrise


sambal

sambal (Jawi spelling سمبل, plural sambal-sambal, informal 1st possessive sambalku, 2nd possessive sambalmu, 3rd possessive sambalnya)

سمبل (Jawi)
sambal-sambal (plural)
sambalku (first-person informal possessive)
sambalmu (possessive second-person)
sambalnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sambal

→ Afrikaans: sambal

→ Dutch: sambal

→ English: sambal

→ French: sambal

→ German: Sambal

→ Japanese: サンバル (sanbaru)

→ Korean: 삼발 (sambal)

→ Polish: sambal

→ Slovene: sambal

→ Spanish: sambal

→ Swedish: sambal

→ Tamil: சம்பல் (campal)

→ Thai: ซัมบัล (sambal)

From Javanese ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ (sambel), probably from Tamil சம்பால் (campāl), and Sanskrit सम्बार (sambāra, “spices”).


ganas

Indonesian: ganas


latah

latah (Jawi spelling لاته, informal 1st possessive latahku, 2nd possessive latahmu, 3rd possessive latahnya)

لاته (Jawi)
latahku (first-person informal possessive)
latahmu (possessive second-person)
latahnya (possessive third-person)

→ English: latah

Indonesian: latah

(pathology) latah (A condition found in Malaysia and nearby areas characterised by extreme suggestibility)


ganja

ganja (Jawi spelling ݢنجا, informal 1st possessive ganjaku, 2nd possessive ganjamu, 3rd possessive ganjanya)

ݢنجا (Jawi)
ganjaku (first-person informal possessive)
ganjamu (possessive second-person)
ganjanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ganja (“marijuana”)


pari

pari (Jawi spelling ڤاري, plural pari-pari, informal 1st possessive pariku, 2nd possessive parimu, 3rd possessive parinya)

ڤاري (Jawi)
pari-pari (plural)
pariku (first-person informal possessive)
parimu (possessive second-person)
parinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pari

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *pari(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀih, from Proto-Austronesian *paʀiS.

ray (marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail)


jalan

jalan (Jawi spelling جالن, plural jalan-jalan, informal 1st possessive jalanku, 2nd possessive jalanmu, 3rd possessive jalannya)

جالن (Jawi)
jalan-jalan (plural)
jalanku (first-person informal possessive)
jalanmu (possessive second-person)
jalannya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (jālan).


jalan

head

jalan (intransitive, used in the form berjalan)

Indonesian: jalan

zh-l

惹蘭／惹兰 (Rělán)

→ Chinese: 惹蘭／惹兰 (Rělán)

perjalanan [causative passive + resultative

to drive, to operate; to start, to put into operation; to carry out, to perform; meN- + -kan

menjalankan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

to walk on; to undergo, to endure; to go through a period of your life; meN- + -i

menjalani [agent focus + causative benefactive]


dana

ms-noun

dana (Jawi spelling دانا, plural dana-dana, informal 1st possessive danaku, 2nd possessive danamu, 3rd possessive dananya)

دانا (Jawi)
dana-dana (plural)
danaku (first-person informal possessive)
danamu (possessive second-person)
dananya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dana


dara

dara (Jawi spelling دارا, informal 1st possessive daraku, 2nd possessive daramu, 3rd possessive daranya)

دارا (Jawi)
daraku (first-person informal possessive)
daramu (possessive second-person)
daranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dara

From Proto-Malayic *dara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀa (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”). Compare Tagalog dalaga.

inh

perdaraan [causative passive + resultative


dara

Indonesian: dara

Columba domestica
Columba domestica#Translingual


garing

Ayam goreng ini garing.


Kopenhagen

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


toko

ms-noun

toko (Jawi spelling توکو, plural toko-toko, informal 1st possessive tokoku, 2nd possessive tokomu, 3rd possessive tokonya)

توکو (Jawi)
toko-toko (plural)
tokoku (first-person informal possessive)
tokomu (possessive second-person)
tokonya (possessive third-person)

From Hokkien 土庫／土库 (thó͘-khò͘, “private storehouse”).

bor

Dalam sidang media di Balai Laila Muafakat, DBP, petang tadi, Pemangku Pengarah DBP, Hajah Sariani binti Haji Ishak selaku Pengerusi PBB dan KMBM menjelaskan, sebanyak 78 petak disediakan semasa pesta dan karnival berkenaan yang akan disertai oleh DBP, penerbit-penerbit buku kerajaan dan swasta serta toko buku dari dalam dan luar negara.

2018 February 22, Pg Fairol RMF, “Pesta Buku Brunei 27 Feb ini [Brunei Book Festival on 27th Feb]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-10-29:

In a press conference at Balai Laila Muafakat, DBP (Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka), in the afternoon, DBP Acting Director, Hajah Sariani binti Haji Ishak, who is the chairperson of PBB (Pesta Buku Brunei) and KMBM (Karnival Memperkasa Budaya Membaca), explained that as many as 78 lots were available during the book festival and carnival which will be participated by DBP, government and private book publishers, as well as book retailers from within and outside the country.

(uncommon) retailer; shop selling retail merchandise


balai polis

ms-noun

balai polis (Jawi spelling بالاي ڤوليس, plural balai-balai polis, informal 1st possessive balai polisku, 2nd possessive balai polismu, 3rd possessive balai polisnya)

بالاي ڤوليس (Jawi)
balai-balai polis (plural)
balai polis ku (first-person informal possessive)
balai polis mu (possessive second-person)
balai polis nya (possessive third-person)

balai (“house, station, department”) + polis (“police”).

compound

(Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore) police station (building of police force)


merak

ms-noun

merak (Jawi spelling مرق, plural merak-merak, informal 1st possessive merakku, 2nd possessive merakmu, 3rd possessive meraknya)

مرق (Jawi)
merak-merak (plural)
merakku (first-person informal possessive)
merakmu (possessive second-person)
meraknya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from an Austroasiatic language. Compare Mon မြာ် (pəràik, “peacock”), from Old Mon mrek (“peacock”), ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mraik (“peacock”). Compare also Old Javanese mrak.


بيت

بيت (plural بيت-بيت or بيت۲, informal 1st possessive بيتکو, 2nd possessive بيتمو, 3rd possessive بيتڽ)

بيت-بيت (plural)
بيت۲ (plural)
بيتکو (first-person informal possessive)
بيتمو (possessive second-person)
بيتڽ (possessive third-person)


terjemahan mesin

ترجمهن ميسين

terjemahan mesin (Jawi spelling ترجمهن ميسين, informal 1st possessive terjemahan mesinku, 2nd possessive terjemahan mesinmu, 3rd possessive terjemahan mesinnya)

ترجمهن ميسين (Jawi)
terjemahan mesin ku (first-person informal possessive)
terjemahan mesin mu (possessive second-person)
terjemahan mesin nya (possessive third-person)


سلطان

سلطان (plural سلطان-سلطان or سلطان۲, informal 1st possessive سلطانکو, 2nd possessive سلطانمو, 3rd possessive سلطانڽ)

سلطان-سلطان (plural)
سلطان۲ (plural)
سلطانکو (first-person informal possessive)
سلطانمو (possessive second-person)
سلطانڽ (possessive third-person)


sultan

sultan (Jawi spelling سلطان, plural sultan-sultan, informal 1st possessive sultanku, 2nd possessive sultanmu, 3rd possessive sultannya)

سلطان (Jawi)
sultan-sultan (plural)
sultanku (first-person informal possessive)
sultanmu (possessive second-person)
sultannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sultan

→ Min Nan: 史丹 (sú-tan)

→ Tagalog: sultan

From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”).


besar

guru besar

being of the highest ranking in an occupational position; top, head


besar

ms-noun

besar (Jawi spelling بسر, plural besar-besar, informal 1st possessive besarku, 2nd possessive besarmu, 3rd possessive besarnya)

بسر (Jawi)
besar-besar (plural)
besarku (first-person informal possessive)
besarmu (possessive second-person)
besarnya (possessive third-person)

Buginese: wessa

Iban: besai

Indonesian: besar

Old Javanese: besar

Mandar: bassar

Maranao: besar

Ngaju: basar

Besar rumah ni hampir 900 kaki persegi.

The area of this house is close to 900 square feet.


jaga

Baba Malay: jaga

Indonesian: jaga

→ Tagalog: alaga (“to take care”)

→ Malagasy: zaha (“to investigate”)

→ Min Nan: 若呀 (jia̍k-gâ)

→ Pattani Malay: جاݢاوْ / ยฺากฺอ (jagɔ)

→ Tausug: jaga

→ Ternate: jaga

From Pali jagga, from Sanskrit जागर्ति (jāgarti), जागृ (jāgṛ).


okey

Pattani Malay: اوْكيْ

okay (Used to indicate agreement or acceptance)


laut

laut (Jawi spelling لاٴوت, informal 1st possessive lautku, 2nd possessive lautmu, 3rd possessive lautnya)

لاٴوت (Jawi)
lautku (first-person informal possessive)
lautmu (possessive second-person)
lautnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: laut

From Proto-Malayic *laut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahud, from Proto-Austronesian *lahud. Displaced earlier *tasik (“sea”) (now tasik (“lake”)). Cognates with Minangkabau lauik (“sea”), Javanese ꦭꦺꦴꦂ (lor, “north”), Balinese ᬮᭀᬢ᭄ (lot, “sea”), Ilocano laud (“west”). Doublet of lor.


dolar

dolar (Jawi spelling دولر, informal 1st possessive dolarku, 2nd possessive dolarmu, 3rd possessive dolarnya)

دولر (Jawi)
dolarku (first-person informal possessive)
dolarmu (possessive second-person)
dolarnya (possessive third-person)


kos

kos (Jawi spelling کوس, plural kos-kos, informal 1st possessive kosku, 2nd possessive kosmu, 3rd possessive kosnya)

کوس (Jawi)
kos-kos (plural)
kosku (first-person informal possessive)
kosmu (possessive second-person)
kosnya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch kost, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French cost, from Latin constare, present infinitive of consto (“I stand firm (at a price)”).


ayak

ayak (Jawi spelling ايق, plural ayak-ayak, informal 1st possessive ayakku, 2nd possessive ayakmu, 3rd possessive ayaknya)

ايق (Jawi)
ayak-ayak (plural)
ayakku (first-person informal possessive)
ayakmu (possessive second-person)
ayaknya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ayak, or alternatively from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayag.


ayak

Indonesian: ayak


ubah

Indonesian: ubah

→ Iban: ubah

perubahan [causative passive + resultative

mengubahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memperubahkan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

(intransitive) to change (to become something different)

(transitive) to change (to make something into something different)


hahnium

(chemistry, obsolete) dubnium (chemical element)


alat

alat (Jawi spelling الت, plural alat-alat, informal 1st possessive alatku, 2nd possessive alatmu, 3rd possessive alatnya)

الت (Jawi)
alat-alat (plural)
alatku (first-person informal possessive)
alatmu (possessive second-person)
alatnya (possessive third-person)


loka

From Sanskrit लोक (loka, “world, sight”).


Inggeris

ايڠݢريس (Jawi)

Indonesian: Inggris

Borrowed from Portuguese ingrês, a now obsolete form of Portuguese inglês, from Old French angleis, from Old English Englisċ. Compare Tagalog Ingles.

An English, or more generally, British person.


rasa

rasa (Jawi spelling راس, plural rasa-rasa, informal 1st possessive rasaku, 2nd possessive rasamu, 3rd possessive rasanya)

راس (Jawi)
rasa-rasa (plural)
rasaku (first-person informal possessive)
rasamu (possessive second-person)
rasanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit रस (rasa) or Pali rasa. Cognate with Thai รส (rót), Lao ລົດ (lot), Lü ᦷᦟᧆ (lod) or ᦷᦟᧆᦉ (lodṡ), Burmese ရသ (ra.sa.), Khmer រស (rŭəh).

rasa manis

rasa panas

pada rasa saya


rasa

Indonesian: rasa

Aku rasa bukan tu yang kaumaksudkan.


rasa

rasa (plural rasa-rasa, informal 1st possessive rasaku, 2nd possessive rasamu, 3rd possessive rasanya)

rasa-rasa (plural)
rasaku (first-person informal possessive)
rasamu (possessive second-person)
rasanya (possessive third-person)

Alternative form of raksa (“quicksilver”)


api

api (Jawi spelling اڤي, informal 1st possessive apiku, 2nd possessive apimu, 3rd possessive apinya)

اڤي (Jawi)
apiku (first-person informal possessive)
apimu (possessive second-person)
apinya (possessive third-person)

Ambonese Malay: api

Indonesian: api

From Proto-Malayic *api, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.


parang

parang (Jawi spelling ڤارڠ, plural parang-parang, informal 1st possessive parangku, 2nd possessive parangmu, 3rd possessive parangnya)

ڤارڠ (Jawi)
parang-parang (plural)
parangku (first-person informal possessive)
parangmu (possessive second-person)
parangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: parang

→ English: parang

→ Macanese: parám

→ Tagalog: paláng

a short, heavy, straight-edged knife or machete


The Malay comma, written in the Jawi script.


resit

resit (Jawi spelling رسيت, plural resit-resit, informal 1st possessive resitku, 2nd possessive resitmu, 3rd possessive resitnya)

رسيت (Jawi)
resit-resit (plural)
resitku (first-person informal possessive)
resitmu (possessive second-person)
resitnya (possessive third-person)

receipt (written acknowledgment that a specified article or sum of money has been received)


damar

damar (Jawi spelling دامر, plural damar-damar, informal 1st possessive damarku, 2nd possessive damarmu, 3rd possessive damarnya)

دامر (Jawi)
damar-damar (plural)
damarku (first-person informal possessive)
damarmu (possessive second-person)
damarnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: damar

→ Dutch: dammer

→ English: dammer, dammar, damar

From Proto-Malayic *damar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *damaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *damaʀ.

mendamari [agent focus + causative benefactive]


buta

Indonesian: buta

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *buta(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buta, from Proto-Austronesian *buCa.

membutakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

membutai [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dibutakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dibutai [patient focus + causative benefactive]


ipar

ipar (plural ipar-ipar, informal 1st possessive iparku, 2nd possessive iparmu, 3rd possessive iparnya)

ipar-ipar (plural)
iparku (first-person informal possessive)
iparmu (possessive second-person)
iparnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ipar

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *ipar (“in-law”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hipaʀ.


maha

Borrowed from Sanskrit महा (mahā), combining form of महत् (mahat).


minta

Nasalization of pinta. Doublet of pinta.


minta

Minta beri 3 gelas air laici.


pagar

ms-noun

pagar (Jawi spelling ڤاݢر, plural pagar-pagar, informal 1st possessive pagarku, 2nd possessive pagarmu, 3rd possessive pagarnya)

ڤاݢر (Jawi)
pagar-pagar (plural)
pagarku (first-person informal possessive)
pagarmu (possessive second-person)
pagarnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pager (“enclosure; palisade around a village; fence around a planted tree or cultivated field”).

inh

Pagar besi


pagar

Reban ayam itu telah dipagarkan oleh Pak Mail.

A fence was set up by Mr. Mail around that chicken coop.

memagarkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipagarkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

memagari [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipagari [patient focus + causative benefactive]


kotor

Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin: kotor


hari

ms-noun

hari (Jawi spelling هاري, plural hari-hari, informal 1st possessive hariku, 2nd possessive harimu, 3rd possessive harinya)

هاري (Jawi)
hari-hari (plural)
hariku (first-person informal possessive)
harimu (possessive second-person)
harinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: hari

From Proto-Malayic *ari, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *waʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *waʀi. According to Adelaar (1992), the intrusive h- was added to prevent vowel clusters in words such as *mata ari > matahari "sun".

day (period from midnight to the following midnight)

day (part of a day period which one spends at one’s job, school, etc.)


busa

busa (plural busa-busa, informal 1st possessive busaku, 2nd possessive busamu, 3rd possessive busanya)

busa-busa (plural)
busaku (first-person informal possessive)
busamu (possessive second-person)
busanya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic (compare Indonesian busa), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Fijian vuso).


harap

From Proto-Malayic *harəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀəp.


kor

kor (informal 1st possessive korku, 2nd possessive kormu, 3rd possessive kornya)

korku (first-person informal possessive)
kormu (possessive second-person)
kornya (possessive third-person)

From English corps, from French corps d’armée (literally “army body”), from Latin corpus (“body”).

der

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


tanda

ms-noun

tanda (Jawi spelling تندا, plural tanda-tanda, informal 1st possessive tandaku, 2nd possessive tandamu, 3rd possessive tandanya)

تندا (Jawi)
tanda-tanda (plural)
tandaku (first-person informal possessive)
tandamu (possessive second-person)
tandanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tanda

→ Iban: tanda

→ Tagalog: tanda

→ Tausug: tanda'

menandakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


akar

akar (Jawi spelling اکر, plural akar-akar, informal 1st possessive akarku, 2nd possessive akarmu, 3rd possessive akarnya)

اکر (Jawi)
akar-akar (plural)
akarku (first-person informal possessive)
akarmu (possessive second-person)
akarnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *akar, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *akar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ.

a root, a part of a plant that generally grow underground to absorbs water and nutrients.

(of tooth) the part of a tooth that extending into the bone holding the tooth in place.

(of hair) the part of a hair under the skin that holds the hair in place.

(Indonesia, arithmetic) of a number or expression, a number which, when raised to a specified power, yields the specified number or expression.

(linguistic morphology) the primary lexical unit of a word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. See akar kata.


paras

paras (Jawi spelling ڤارس, plural paras-paras, informal 1st possessive parasku, 2nd possessive parasmu, 3rd possessive parasnya)

ڤارس (Jawi)
paras-paras (plural)
parasku (first-person informal possessive)
parasmu (possessive second-person)
parasnya (possessive third-person)

level (distance relative to a given reference elevation)


poros

poros (Jawi spelling ڤوروس, plural poros-poros, informal 1st possessive porosku, 2nd possessive porosmu, 3rd possessive porosnya)

ڤوروس (Jawi)
poros-poros (plural)
porosku (first-person informal possessive)
porosmu (possessive second-person)
porosnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: poros


poros

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) porous, permeate


seni

seni (Jawi spelling سني, plural seni-seni, informal 1st possessive seniku, 2nd possessive senimu, 3rd possessive seninya)

سني (Jawi)
seni-seni (plural)
seniku (first-person informal possessive)
senimu (possessive second-person)
seninya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sêni


orak

to unravel, to uncoil, to unwind, to untie


bila

Indonesian: bila

Bila kau pergi sekolah?

Sampai bila kau nak meniru-niru jawapan orang lain?

Until when do you want to keep on copying other people's answers?


bila

Bila dia gelak, dia mesti tersenyum lebar.

When he laughs, he always has a wide smile.

(proscribed) Alternative form of apabila.


bura

Indonesian: bura

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀah, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀəS.

memburakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diburakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


wolfram

wolfram (Jawi spelling وولفرم, plural wolfram-wolfram, informal 1st possessive wolframku, 2nd possessive wolframmu, 3rd possessive wolframnya)

وولفرم (Jawi)
wolfram-wolfram (plural)
wolframku (first-person informal possessive)
wolframmu (possessive second-person)
wolframnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English wolfram, from German Wolfram.


kanta

kanta (Jawi spelling کنتا, plural kanta-kanta, informal 1st possessive kantaku, 2nd possessive kantamu, 3rd possessive kantanya)

کنتا (Jawi)
kanta-kanta (plural)
kantaku (first-person informal possessive)
kantamu (possessive second-person)
kantanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kanta

Borrowed from Sanskrit कान्त (kānta, “stone”).


hak

ms-noun

hak (Jawi spelling حق, plural hak-hak, informal 1st possessive hakku, 2nd possessive hakmu, 3rd possessive haknya)

حق (Jawi)
hak-hak (plural)
hakku (first-person informal possessive)
hakmu (possessive second-person)
haknya (possessive third-person)

right: that which complies with justice, law or reason; a legal, just or moral entitlement.


jala

jala (Jawi spelling جالا, plural jala-jala, informal 1st possessive jalaku, 2nd possessive jalamu, 3rd possessive jalanya)

جالا (Jawi)
jala-jala (plural)
jalaku (first-person informal possessive)
jalamu (possessive second-person)
jalanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: jala

→ Pattani Malay: ยาลอ (jalɔ) (learned)

→? Rade: jal

→ Tagalog: dala

→ Thai: ยะลา (yá-laa)

→ Urak Lawoi': ยฺาลา (jala) (learned)


pai

pai (Jawi spelling ڤاي, plural pai-pai, informal 1st possessive paiku, 2nd possessive paimu, 3rd possessive painya)

ڤاي (Jawi)
pai-pai (plural)
paiku (first-person informal possessive)
paimu (possessive second-person)
painya (possessive third-person)


dalam

head

dalam (comparative lebih dalam, superlative paling dalam, terdalam)

lebih dalam (comparative)
paling dalam (superlative)
terdalam (superlative)

From Proto-Malayic *daləm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

mendalamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mendalami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

didalamkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

didalami [patient focus + causative benefactive]


dalam

Indonesian: dalam

dalam bahasa Inggris


minum

From Proto-Malayic *inum (compare Indonesian minum), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *inum (compare Cebuano inom, Hawaiian inu, Tagalog inom).
First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (minuṃ) in the form [script needed] (niminuṃña) (current spelling diminumnya).

to drink (consume liquid through the mouth)


kitab

ms-noun

kitab (Jawi spelling کتاب, plural kitab-kitab, informal 1st possessive kitabku, 2nd possessive kitabmu, 3rd possessive kitabnya)

کتاب (Jawi)
kitab-kitab (plural)
kitabku (first-person informal possessive)
kitabmu (possessive second-person)
kitabnya (possessive third-person)

→ Indonesian: kitab

→ Maranao: kitab

From Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb, “book”), from the root ك ت ب (k-t-b), related to writing.

book (collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material)


utan

From Proto-Malayic *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan (compare Maori uta), from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.


mak

mak (Jawi spelling مق, plural mak-mak, informal 1st possessive makku, 2nd possessive makmu, 3rd possessive maknya)

مق (Jawi)
mak-mak (plural)
makku (first-person informal possessive)
makmu (possessive second-person)
maknya (possessive third-person)

Shortened form of emak, from Proto-Malayic *əma-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əma-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əma-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əma-ʔ, from *əma.


sabun

sabun (Jawi spelling سابون, plural sabun-sabun, informal 1st possessive sabunku, 2nd possessive sabunmu, 3rd possessive sabunnya)

سابون (Jawi)
sabun-sabun (plural)
sabunku (first-person informal possessive)
sabunmu (possessive second-person)
sabunnya (possessive third-person)

Iban: sabun

Indonesian: sabun

→ Balinese: ᬲᬩᬸᬦ᭄ (sabun)

→ Lun Bawang: sabun

→ Makasar: sabung

→ Dhuwal: jaabu

→ Hainanese: 差文

desctree

→? Hokkien: 雪文 (sap-bûn)
→ Amis: safon
→ Kavalan: sabun
→ Puyuma: sabun
→ Tsou: savungu

→ Sundanese: sabun

→ Teochew: 雪文 (sab⁴ bhung⁵)

Borrowed from Arabic صَابُون (ṣābūn), ultimately from Latin sapō.


ras

ms-noun

ras (Jawi spelling رس, plural ras-ras, informal 1st possessive rasku, 2nd possessive rasmu, 3rd possessive rasnya)

رس (Jawi)
ras-ras (plural)
rasku (first-person informal possessive)
rasmu (possessive second-person)
rasnya (possessive third-person)

From English race, from Middle English race, partially from Old English rǣs (“a race, swift or violent running, rush, onset”), from Proto-West Germanic *rās; and partially from Old Norse rás (“a running, race”); both from Proto-Germanic *rēsō (“a course”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁s- (“to flow, rush”).

der

ras Cina


ras

ms-noun

ras (Jawi spelling رس, informal 1st possessive rasku, 2nd possessive rasmu, 3rd possessive rasnya)

رس (Jawi)
rasku (first-person informal possessive)
rasmu (possessive second-person)
rasnya (possessive third-person)


ras

The reins used by a horse rider to guide a horse.


koruna

koruna (Jawi spelling کورونا, plural koruna-koruna, informal 1st possessive korunaku, 2nd possessive korunamu, 3rd possessive korunanya)

کورونا (Jawi)
koruna-koruna (plural)
korunaku (first-person informal possessive)
korunamu (possessive second-person)
korunanya (possessive third-person)


kiri

"kiri" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.

“kiri” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

From Proto-Malayic *(kA-)iri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ka-)wiʀi (compare Makasar kairi), from Proto-Austronesian *(ka-)wiʀi, a prefixed form of *wiʀi.

left (the west side of the body when one is facing north)


buru

Indonesian: buru

From Proto-Malayic *buru, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀaw, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀaw (“drive off, chase away, expel”).

inh

perburuan [causative passive + resultative

memburu-buru [reduplication + agent focus]

memburu-burukan [reduplication + agent focus + causative benefactive]

diburu-buru [reduplication + patient focus]

terburu-buru [reduplication + agentless action]


urin

ms-noun

urin (Jawi spelling اورين, plural urin-urin, informal 1st possessive urinku, 2nd possessive urinmu, 3rd possessive urinnya)

اورين (Jawi)
urin-urin (plural)
urinku (first-person informal possessive)
urinmu (possessive second-person)
urinnya (possessive third-person)

From Latin ūrīna (“urine”), from Proto-Indo-European *uh₁r-, zero grade of *weh₁r- (“water, liquid, milk”).


sagu

sagu (Jawi spelling ساݢو, plural sagu-sagu, informal 1st possessive saguku, 2nd possessive sagumu, 3rd possessive sagunya)

ساݢو (Jawi)
sagu-sagu (plural)
saguku (first-person informal possessive)
sagumu (possessive second-person)
sagunya (possessive third-person)

desc

→ Arabic: سَاغُو (sāḡū)

→ Arabic: سَاغُو (sāḡū)

→ Armenian: սագո (sago)

→ Burmese: သာဂူ (sagu)

→ Czech: ságo

→ Danish: sago

→ Dutch: sago

→ English: sago

→ Finnish: saago

→ French: sagou

→ German: Sago

→ Hungarian: szágó

Indonesian: sagu

→ Italian: sagù

→ Japanese: サゴ (sago)

→ Norwegian: sago

→ Persian: ساگو

→ Polish: sago

→ Portuguese: sagu

Hunsrik: Sagu

→ Russian: са́го (ságo)

→ Spanish: sagú

→ Swedish: sago

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sagu (“processed sago, prepared starch from the sago palm”). Cognate with Javanese sagu and Tagalog sago.

inh

sago (a powdered starch obtained from certain palms used as a food thickener)


tuk

ms-noun

tuk (Jawi spelling توق, informal 1st possessive tukku, 2nd possessive tukmu, 3rd possessive tuknya)

توق (Jawi)
tukku (first-person informal possessive)
tukmu (possessive second-person)
tuknya (possessive third-person)


siku

siku (Jawi spelling سيکو, plural siku-siku, informal 1st possessive sikuku, 2nd possessive sikumu, 3rd possessive sikunya)

سيکو (Jawi)
siku-siku (plural)
sikuku (first-person informal possessive)
sikumu (possessive second-person)
sikunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: siku

From Proto-Malayic *siku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siku, from Proto-Austronesian *sikux (“elbow”).


emel

emél (Jawi spelling ايميل, plural emel-emel, informal 1st possessive emelku, 2nd possessive emelmu, 3rd possessive emelnya)

emél (canonical)
ايميل (Jawi)
emel-emel (plural)
emelku (first-person informal possessive)
emelmu (possessive second-person)
emelnya (possessive third-person)


capa

capa (Jawi spelling چاڤ, plural capa-capa, informal 1st possessive capaku, 2nd possessive capamu, 3rd possessive capanya)

چاڤ (Jawi)
capa-capa (plural)
capaku (first-person informal possessive)
capamu (possessive second-person)
capanya (possessive third-person)


sembilan

سمبيلن (Jawi)

From Proto-Malayic *əsa(ʔ) ambil-an, *isa(ʔ) ambil-an. Compare Banjarese sambilan and Urak Lawoi' เซอมีลัด (semilat).


Bandar Seri Begawan

ms-proper noun

بندر سري بݢاوان

Bandar Seri Begawan (Jawi spelling بندر سري بݢاوان)

بندر سري بݢاوان (Jawi)

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


ru

ms-noun

ru (Jawi spelling رو, plural ru-ru, informal 1st possessive ruku, 2nd possessive rumu, 3rd possessive runya)

رو (Jawi)
ru-ru (plural)
ruku (first-person informal possessive)
rumu (possessive second-person)
runya (possessive third-person)


berek

bérék (Jawi spelling بيريک, plural berek-berek, informal 1st possessive berekku, 2nd possessive berekmu, 3rd possessive bereknya)

bérék (canonical)
بيريک (Jawi)
berek-berek (plural)
berekku (first-person informal possessive)
berekmu (possessive second-person)
bereknya (possessive third-person)


rusa

rusa (Jawi spelling روسا, plural rusa-rusa, informal 1st possessive rusaku, 2nd possessive rusamu, 3rd possessive rusanya)

روسا (Jawi)
rusa-rusa (plural)
rusaku (first-person informal possessive)
rusamu (possessive second-person)
rusanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: rusa

From Proto-Malayic *rusaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uʀsa. Akin to Tagalog usa.


tawa

Indonesian: tawa

From Proto-Malayic *tawa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tawa, from Proto-Austronesian *Cawa.

to laugh (show mirth by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face and emission of sounds)


denda

denda (Jawi spelling دندا, plural denda-denda, informal 1st possessive dendaku, 2nd possessive dendamu, 3rd possessive dendanya)

دندا (Jawi)
denda-denda (plural)
dendaku (first-person informal possessive)
dendamu (possessive second-person)
dendanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit दंड (daṃḍa) ("punishment, penalty").


bakal

Probably from Old Javanese bakal (“future, prospective”).

bor

bakal suami

Something or somebody that may be suitable or will be something; a candidate.


bakal

Dasar itu bakal diumumkan Perdana Menteri sebentar nanti.

That policy will be announced by the Prime Minister in a bit.


bakal

Indonesian: bakal


biri

ms-noun

biri (Jawi spelling بيري, plural biri-biri, informal 1st possessive biriku, 2nd possessive birimu, 3rd possessive birinya)

بيري (Jawi)
biri-biri (plural)
biriku (first-person informal possessive)
birimu (possessive second-person)
birinya (possessive third-person)


kapal

kapal (Jawi spelling کاڤل, plural kapal-kapal, informal 1st possessive kapalku, 2nd possessive kapalmu, 3rd possessive kapalnya)

کاڤل (Jawi)
kapal-kapal (plural)
kapalku (first-person informal possessive)
kapalmu (possessive second-person)
kapalnya (possessive third-person)

Ambonese Malay: kapal

Indonesian: kapal

→ Balinese: ᬓᬧᬮ᭄ (kapal)

→ Alor: kapal

→ Balinese: ᬓᬧᬮ᭄ (kapal)

→ Buginese: ᨀᨄᨒ (kappala')

→ Chinese: 甲板 (jiǎbǎn)

→ English: kappal

→ Javanese: ꦏꦥꦭ꧀ (kapal)

→ Khmer: កប៉ាល់ (kaʼpal)

→ Maguindanao: kapal

→ Maranao: kapal

→ Sundanese: ᮊᮕᮜ᮪ (kapal)

→ Tboli: kafal

→ Tausug: kappal

→ Thai: กำปั่น (gam-bpàn)

→ Lao: ກຳປັ່ນ (kam pan)

→ Khmer: កងព័ន្ធ (kɑɑngpŏənthɔɔ) (possibly)

From Tamil கப்பல் (kappal, “ship, sailing vessel”).

bor

Kapal satu, nakhoda dua

saying about two lovers fighting in rivalry over a girl (lit. 'a ship with two captains')

(chiefly in combination) Any vessel travelling through any medium other than across land, such as an airship or spaceship.


kapal

ms-noun

kapal (plural kapal-kapal, informal 1st possessive kapalku, 2nd possessive kapalmu, 3rd possessive kapalnya)

kapal-kapal (plural)
kapalku (first-person informal possessive)
kapalmu (possessive second-person)
kapalnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kapal (“thick, as a plank”). Compare to Tagalog kapal (“thick”).


warga

ms-noun

warga (Jawi spelling ورݢ, plural warga-warga, informal 1st possessive wargaku, 2nd possessive wargamu, 3rd possessive warganya)

ورݢ (Jawi)
warga-warga (plural)
wargaku (first-person informal possessive)
wargamu (possessive second-person)
warganya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: warga (inherited)


datang

Indonesian: datang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datəŋ. Compare with Tagalog dating (“arrival”).
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (dātaṃ).

(intransitive) to come (to move from further away to nearer to)

mendatangkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mendatangi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

didatangkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

didatangi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


malu

malu (Jawi spelling مالو, plural malu-malu, informal 1st possessive maluku, 2nd possessive malumu, 3rd possessive malunya)

مالو (Jawi)
malu-malu (plural)
maluku (first-person informal possessive)
malumu (possessive second-person)
malunya (possessive third-person)

Mimosa pudica
Mimosa pudica#Translingual


malu

→ English: malu

memalui [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memalukan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

termalu-termalu [agentless action + reduplication]


kaya

Indonesian: kaya

→ Min Nan: 奎維／奎维 (khe-ûi)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaya, from Proto-Austronesian *kaya (“able, capable, strong, wealthy”). Compare Kapampangan kaya and Tagalog kaya (especially Tagalog may-kaya).

inh

keluarga kaya

kaya dengan sumber alam

kaya dengan protein

Having a lot of a certain thing; being rich in something.

Tuhan yang Maha Kaya

(Islam, figurative) Having power (of God).


kaya

ms-noun

kaya (Jawi spelling کاي or کايا, informal 1st possessive kayaku, 2nd possessive kayamu, 3rd possessive kayanya)

کاي (Jawi)
کايا (Jawi)
kayaku (first-person informal possessive)
kayamu (possessive second-person)
kayanya (possessive third-person)

→ English: kaya

desctree

→ Thai: สังขยา (sǎng-kà-yǎa)
→ Khmer: សង់ខ្យា (sɑngkhyaa)
→ Lao: ສັງຂຍາ (sang kha nyā)

Seri kaya, a custard sweet spread made from a base of coconut milk, eggs and sugar.


topi

ms-noun

topi (Jawi spelling توڤي, plural topi-topi, informal 1st possessive topiku, 2nd possessive topimu, 3rd possessive topinya)

توڤي (Jawi)
topi-topi (plural)
topiku (first-person informal possessive)
topimu (possessive second-person)
topinya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: topi (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦠꦺꦴꦥꦶ (topi)

Borrowed from Tamil தொப்பி (toppi), from Hindi टोपी (ṭopī).


lif

lif (plural lif-lif, informal 1st possessive lifku, 2nd possessive lifmu, 3rd possessive lifnya)

lif-lif (plural)
lifku (first-person informal possessive)
lifmu (possessive second-person)
lifnya (possessive third-person)


kata kerja

kata kerja (plural kata-kata kerja, informal 1st possessive kata kerjaku, 2nd possessive kata kerjamu, 3rd possessive kata kerjanya)

kata-kata kerja (plural)
kata kerja ku (first-person informal possessive)
kata kerja mu (possessive second-person)
kata kerja nya (possessive third-person)


dulu

From Proto-Austronesian *zulu (“earlier, in advance”). Doublet of dahulu.
Or a contraction of dahulu.


dulu

Indonesian: dulu


kata penghubung

ms-noun

kata penghubung (plural kata-kata penghubung, informal 1st possessive kata penghubungku, 2nd possessive kata penghubungmu, 3rd possessive kata penghubungnya)

kata-kata penghubung (plural)
kata penghubung ku (first-person informal possessive)
kata penghubung mu (possessive second-person)
kata penghubung nya (possessive third-person)


bawah

From Proto-Malayic *bawah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babaq.


depan

Indonesian: depan


atau

Borrowed from Sanskrit अथवा (athavā, “or, rather”).

bor+

Pada sūltan atau pada mantrī-nia

1812, William Marsden, A Dictionary of the Malayan language in two parts, Malayan and English and English and Malayan, →OCLC, page 2:


supaya

سوڤايا (Jawi)

Probably from sa- + upāya (“aim, means, way, stratagem, craft”)


contoh

ms-noun

contoh (Jawi spelling چونتوه, plural contoh-contoh, informal 1st possessive contohku, 2nd possessive contohmu, 3rd possessive contohnya)

چونتوه (Jawi)
contoh-contoh (plural)
contohku (first-person informal possessive)
contohmu (possessive second-person)
contohnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: contoh

→ Javanese: conto

→ Minangkabau: conto, cinto

Derived from Tamil சௌத்து (cauttu, “pattern, sample, model”).


kosa kata

ms-noun

kosa kata (plural kosa-kosa kata, informal 1st possessive kosa kataku, 2nd possessive kosa katamu, 3rd possessive kosa katanya)

kosa-kosa kata (plural)
kosa kata ku (first-person informal possessive)
kosa kata mu (possessive second-person)
kosa kata nya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit कोश (kóśa, “repository”) + kata (“word”).


beberapa

any, some, several, certain, few, various, divers


tetapi

From Old Malay [script needed] (tathāpi) (attested in the Kota Kapur inscription), borrowed from Sanskrit तथापि (tathāpi).


sedikit

Sedikit orang


sedikit

Aku benci permainan ini sedikit.


buka

From Proto-Malayic *buka (compare Indonesian buka), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buka (compare Tagalog buka).

Tolong buka kipas dan lampu.


kalau

From Sanskrit काल (kāla, “occasion, circumstance, time”) + Arabic لَوْ (law, “if”), or alternatively from Hokkien 假如 (ká-lû, “if”).

der

Ungkapan panjang, ‘Kalau hendak kenal peribadi bangsa, renunglah pada bahasanya’ kerap kali juga kita dengar sepanjang hidup kita.

2016 September 15, Assim Hassan, “Kalau tidak kita, siapa lagi? [If not us, then who?]”, in Sinar Harian, archived from the original on 2016-09-16:

The expression, "If [somebody] wants to get to know the personality of a nation, look at their language," is often heard by us throughout our lives.


kalau

Kalau yang balik kampung tu, cuba-cubalah simpan jauh-jauh gajet-gajet yang biasanya senantiasa ada di tangan. Banyakkan berbual dengan emak ayah, adik-beradik, sanak saudara dan jiran tetangga.

2017 June 24, Sim Y. H., “Tidak meriah Hari Raya kalau tidak balik kampung [Hari Raya is not lively if [you] don't go back to hometown]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-10-26:

As for [those] that go back to their hometown, do try to keep away the gadgets that are usually always with you. Have more conversations with your parents, siblings, relatives and neighbors.


makanan

ms-noun

makanan (Jawi spelling ماکنن, plural makanan-makanan, informal 1st possessive makananku, 2nd possessive makananmu, 3rd possessive makanannya)

ماکنن (Jawi)
makanan-makanan (plural)
makananku (first-person informal possessive)
makananmu (possessive second-person)
makanannya (possessive third-person)

Kawan saya membeli makanan di bawah blok nenek saya.

My friend bought food underneath my grandmother’s block.


masak

From Proto-Malayic *masak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-esak (“cooked, ripe”).

inh

(transitive) to cook (prepare (food) for eating)

(transitive) to boil, to seethe (of water)


masak

Indonesian: masak


televisi

ms-noun

télévisi (Jawi spelling تيليۏيسي, plural televisi-televisi, informal 1st possessive televisiku, 2nd possessive televisimu, 3rd possessive televisinya)

télévisi (canonical)
تيليۏيسي (Jawi)
televisi-televisi (plural)
televisiku (first-person informal possessive)
televisimu (possessive second-person)
televisinya (possessive third-person)

Unadapted borrowing from Indonesian televisi, from Dutch televisie.

ubor

(Malaysia) Nonstandard form of televisyen.


gelas

ms-noun

gelas (Jawi spelling ݢلس, plural gelas-gelas, informal 1st possessive gelasku, 2nd possessive gelasmu, 3rd possessive gelasnya)

ݢلس (Jawi)
gelas-gelas (plural)
gelasku (first-person informal possessive)
gelasmu (possessive second-person)
gelasnya (possessive third-person)


jingga

Daun-daun pokok itu jingga.


jingga

jingga (Jawi spelling جيڠݢ, plural jingga-jingga, informal 1st possessive jinggaku, 2nd possessive jinggamu, 3rd possessive jingganya)

جيڠݢ (Jawi)
jingga-jingga (plural)
jinggaku (first-person informal possessive)
jinggamu (possessive second-person)
jingganya (possessive third-person)


banyak

Indonesian: banyak

→ Afrikaans: baie

From Classical Malay [Term?].
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (vañak), found in the form vañakña (current spelling banyaknya).


banyak

banyak (Jawi spelling باڽق, plural banyak-banyak, informal 1st possessive banyakku, 2nd possessive banyakmu, 3rd possessive banyaknya)

باڽق (Jawi)
banyak-banyak (plural)
banyakku (first-person informal possessive)
banyakmu (possessive second-person)
banyaknya (possessive third-person)


sekolah

sekolah (Jawi spelling سکوله, plural sekolah-sekolah, informal 1st possessive sekolahku, 2nd possessive sekolahmu, 3rd possessive sekolahnya)

سکوله (Jawi)
sekolah-sekolah (plural)
sekolahku (first-person informal possessive)
sekolahmu (possessive second-person)
sekolahnya (possessive third-person)

desctree

Indonesian: sekolah
→ Ternate: skola, sikola

→ Iban: sekula

Sekolah saya berdekatan dengan sebuah pusat beli-belah.


anggur

ms-noun

anggur (Jawi spelling اڠݢور, plural anggur-anggur, informal 1st possessive anggurku, 2nd possessive anggurmu, 3rd possessive anggurnya)

اڠݢور (Jawi)
anggur-anggur (plural)
anggurku (first-person informal possessive)
anggurmu (possessive second-person)
anggurnya (possessive third-person)

Brunei Malay: anggur

Indonesian: anggur

Dupaningan Agta: anggu

→ Minangkabau: anggur

→ Mapun: anggul

→ Pangutaran Sama: anggul

→ Sundanese: ᮃᮍ᮪ᮌᮥᮁ (anggur)

→ Tausug: anggul

→ Yakan: anggul

From Classical Malay اڠڬور (anggur), from Classical Persian انگور (angūr, “grape”).


jeruk

From Javanese jeruk (ꦗꦼꦫꦸꦏ꧀), from Old Javanese jruk (“pickled meat, citrus fruits of various kinds”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kruuc ~ *kruəc (“citrus”). However, also note East Makian yorik (“citrus fruit”).

der

ikan jeruk


jeruk

ms-noun

jeruk (Jawi spelling جروق, plural jeruk-jeruk, informal 1st possessive jerukku, 2nd possessive jerukmu, 3rd possessive jeruknya)

جروق (Jawi)
jeruk-jeruk (plural)
jerukku (first-person informal possessive)
jerukmu (possessive second-person)
jeruknya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: jeruk

→ Tagalog: dalok

jeruk mangga


rupa

rupa (Jawi spelling روڤا, plural rupa-rupa, informal 1st possessive rupaku, 2nd possessive rupamu, 3rd possessive rupanya)

روڤا (Jawi)
rupa-rupa (plural)
rupaku (first-person informal possessive)
rupamu (possessive second-person)
rupanya (possessive third-person)

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD. From Sanskrit रूप (rūpa).


udara

udara (Jawi spelling اودارا, plural udara-udara, informal 1st possessive udaraku, 2nd possessive udaramu, 3rd possessive udaranya)

اودارا (Jawi)
udara-udara (plural)
udaraku (first-person informal possessive)
udaramu (possessive second-person)
udaranya (possessive third-person)


tapi

Clipping of tetapi, from Sanskrit तथापि (tathāpi).


kertas

kertas (Jawi spelling کرتس, plural kertas-kertas, informal 1st possessive kertasku, 2nd possessive kertasmu, 3rd possessive kertasnya)

کرتس (Jawi)
kertas-kertas (plural)
kertasku (first-person informal possessive)
kertasmu (possessive second-person)
kertasnya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: kertas (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦏꦼꦂꦠꦱ꧀ (kertas)

→ Khmer: ក្រដាស (krɑɑdaah)

→ Ternate: kartas

From Arabic قِرْطَاس (qirṭās), ultimately from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs). Doublet of carta and kad.
* Semantic loan from English paper for a set of examination questions.

A sheet material used for writing on or printing on (or as a non-waterproof container), usually made by draining cellulose fibres from a suspension in water.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, education) A set of examination questions to be answered at one session.


kertas

(onomatopoeia) The sound of paper being crumpled.


pasti

Indonesian: pasti

Back-formation from memestikan, (cognate of Javanese ꦩꦼꦱ꧀ꦛꦶ (mesthi)), probably from Old Javanese muṣṭi, from Sanskrit मुष्टि (muṣṭi, “fist, clenched hand”). The vowel shift to /a/ is probably a result of hypercorrection. Doublet of mesti.

der

memastikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


warna

ms-noun

warna (Jawi spelling ورنا, plural warna-warna, informal 1st possessive warnaku, 2nd possessive warnamu, 3rd possessive warnanya)

ورنا (Jawi)
warna-warna (plural)
warnaku (first-person informal possessive)
warnamu (possessive second-person)
warnanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: warna

→ Maguindanao: warna

→ Maranao: warna

→ Tausug: walna'

→ Ternate: warna

Borrowed from Sanskrit वर्ण (varṇa). Compare English varna. Doublet of rona.

1909, Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Straits Branch, page 58,
Di-pakai jubah kasa halus
Jubah mĕleret sampai kaki ;
Sĕrban kashmiri warna hijau
Bukan buatan nĕgĕri ini,
A robe of fine gauze was worn
A robe that stretched down to the legs ;
A green-coloured Kashmiri turban

Dan bintik-bintik warna darah beku berselerak ke situ berselerak ke sini.

1981, Shahnon Ahmad, Srengenge, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, page 14:

And spots the colour of clotted blood were scattered here and there.

Di tengah laut warna malam nampak bersatu dengan warna air laut.

1991, Ahmad J. Husein, Terbalik, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, page 20:

In the middle of the sea, the colour of the night looked as though it had merged with the colour of the seawater.


adik

adik (Jawi spelling اديق, plural adik-adik, informal 1st possessive adikku, 2nd possessive adikmu, 3rd possessive adiknya)

اديق (Jawi)
adik-adik (plural)
adikku (first-person informal possessive)
adikmu (possessive second-person)
adiknya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: adik

From Proto-Malayic *adi-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *adi-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wadi-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huaji-q, from *huaji, from Proto-Austronesian *Suaji.

sibling ((younger) person who shares same parents)


guna

guna (Jawi spelling ݢونا, plural guna-guna, informal 1st possessive gunaku, 2nd possessive gunamu, 3rd possessive gunanya)

ݢونا (Jawi)
guna-guna (plural)
gunaku (first-person informal possessive)
gunamu (possessive second-person)
gunanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: guna


guna

Aku guna fon aku ni hanya untuk menelefon mak ayah aku selalunya.

I usually use my phone here just to call my parents.


nyamuk

nyamuk (Jawi spelling ڽاموق, plural nyamuk-nyamuk, informal 1st possessive nyamukku, 2nd possessive nyamukmu, 3rd possessive nyamuknya)

ڽاموق (Jawi)
nyamuk-nyamuk (plural)
nyamukku (first-person informal possessive)
nyamukmu (possessive second-person)
nyamuknya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: nyamuk (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *ñamuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ñamuk. Cognate with Maori namu (“Austrosimulium spp., sandfly”).

cog

mosquito (small flying insect of the family Culicidae, known for biting and sucking blood)


kantor

ms-noun

kantor (Jawi spelling کنتور, plural kantor-kantor, informal 1st possessive kantorku, 2nd possessive kantormu, 3rd possessive kantornya)

کنتور (Jawi)
kantor-kantor (plural)
kantorku (first-person informal possessive)
kantormu (possessive second-person)
kantornya (possessive third-person)

→ Min Nan: 幹刀／干刀 (kàn-to), 干多 (kan-to)

From Dutch kantoor. Doublet of komputer.

Bajarannja seperti dahoeloe, boleh Toean tarik wissel kepada Kantor Kompeni Ketjil di sini.

1919, Abraham Anthony Fokker, Kitap tjonto soerat-soerat Melajoe, page 250:

The payment is as usual, you can whistle the Small Company Office here.


merah

From mirah, from Proto-Malayic *(ma-)irah (compare Indonesian merah), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)iʀaq.

Saya mahu beli kereta merah.

I want to buy a red car.


merah

merah (Jawi spelling ميره, plural merah-merah, informal 1st possessive merahku, 2nd possessive merahmu, 3rd possessive merahnya)

ميره (Jawi)
merah-merah (plural)
merahku (first-person informal possessive)
merahmu (possessive second-person)
merahnya (possessive third-person)

Merah warna kegemaran saya.

Red is my favourite colour.