otak

otak (Jawi spelling اوتق, plural otak-otak, informal 1st possessive otakku, 2nd possessive otakmu, 3rd possessive otaknya)

اوتق (Jawi)
otak-otak (plural)
otakku (first-person informal possessive)
otakmu (possessive second-person)
otaknya (possessive third-person)

→ English: otak-otak (via the plural otak-otak)

Indonesian: otak

→ Javanese: utak (via the obsolete utak)

From utak, from Proto-Malayic *hutək, *utək, *utak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hutək, *qutək, *qutak. Doublet of botak and kotak.


nasi

ms-noun

nasi (Jawi spelling ناسي, plural nasi-nasi, informal 1st possessive nasiku, 2nd possessive nasimu, 3rd possessive nasinya)

ناسي (Jawi)
nasi-nasi (plural)
nasiku (first-person informal possessive)
nasimu (possessive second-person)
nasinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: nasi
→ Dutch: nasi

→ English: nasi

From Proto-Malayic *nasi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *in-asi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *asi₃.

(uncountable) Rice cooked by either steaming or boiling; cooked rice.


lidah

lidah (Jawi spelling ليده, plural lidah-lidah, informal 1st possessive lidahku, 2nd possessive lidahmu, 3rd possessive lidahnya)

ليده (Jawi)
lidah-lidah (plural)
lidahku (first-person informal possessive)
lidahmu (possessive second-person)
lidahnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *dilah by metathesis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”). Doublet of jilat.


kaum

kaum (Jawi spelling قوم, plural kaum-kaum, informal 1st possessive kaumku, 2nd possessive kaummu, 3rd possessive kaumnya)

قوم (Jawi)
kaum-kaum (plural)
kaumku (first-person informal possessive)
kaummu (possessive second-person)
kaumnya (possessive third-person)

group of people with common traits, such as an ethnic group or race


nabi

nabi (Jawi spelling نبي, plural nabi-nabi, informal 1st possessive nabiku, 2nd possessive nabimu, 3rd possessive nabinya)

نبي (Jawi)
nabi-nabi (plural)
nabiku (first-person informal possessive)
nabimu (possessive second-person)
nabinya (possessive third-person)


salah

(theology) A violation of God's will or religious law.


mati

> Indonesian: mati (inherited)

→ Hokkien: 馬滴／马滴 (má-tih)

From Proto-Malayic *mati (compare Indonesian mati), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(m-)atay (compare Cebuano matay, Chamorro matai, Fijian mate, Hawaiian make, Ilocano matay, Javanese mati, Kapampangan mate, mete, Malagasy maty, Maori mate, Palauan mad, Rapa Nui mate, Tagalog matay, Tahitian mate), from Proto-Austronesian *(m-)aCay.


kepala

kĕpala (Jawi spelling کڤالا, plural kepala-kepala, informal 1st possessive kepalaku, 2nd possessive kepalamu, 3rd possessive kepalanya)

kĕpala (canonical)
کڤالا (Jawi)
kepala-kepala (plural)
kepalaku (first-person informal possessive)
kepalamu (possessive second-person)
kepalanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull”). Main anatomy sense mostly displaced native word hulu except in court language.
* Sense of leader and chief is a semantic loan from Dutch hoofd, compare with penghulu.
* The computing sense is a semantic loan from English head.

(computing) head: part of a disk drive responsible for reading and writing data.


utara

utara (Jawi spelling اوتارا or اتارا or اوتار or اوترا, plural utara-utara, informal 1st possessive utaraku, 2nd possessive utaramu, 3rd possessive utaranya)

اوتارا (Jawi)
اتارا (Jawi)
اوتار (Jawi)
اوترا (Jawi)
utara-utara (plural)
utaraku (first-person informal possessive)
utaramu (possessive second-person)
utaranya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Sanskrit उत्तर (uttara). Displaced native Malay laut from Proto-Malayic *laut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahud, from Proto-Austronesian *lahud.


sarung

sarung (Jawi spelling ساروڠ, plural sarung-sarung, informal 1st possessive sarungku, 2nd possessive sarungmu, 3rd possessive sarungnya)

ساروڠ (Jawi)
sarung-sarung (plural)
sarungku (first-person informal possessive)
sarungmu (possessive second-person)
sarungnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sarung

→ Afrikaans: sarong

→ Burmese: သားလှောင် (sa:hlaung)

→ Cebuano: sarong

→ Dutch: saroeng

→ French: sarong

→ Romanian: sarong

→ Spanish: sarong

→ English: sarong

→ Karao: sarong

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saruŋ (“sheath, sheath-like container; to sheathe a weapon”). Cognate with Javanese ꦱꦫꦸꦁ (sarung).

inh+

menyarungkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menyarungi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disarungkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

disarungi [patient focus + causative benefactive]

sarong (garment made of printed cloth wrapped about the waist)


rambut

ms-noun

rambut (Jawi spelling رامبوت, plural rambut-rambut, informal 1st possessive rambutku, 2nd possessive rambutmu, 3rd possessive rambutnya)

رامبوت (Jawi)
rambut-rambut (plural)
rambutku (first-person informal possessive)
rambutmu (possessive second-person)
rambutnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *rambut. Might be compared to Manggarai ramut.

1922, A.H. Hill ed., Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai, in Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Straits Branch, page 4,
Maka ujar Mĕrah Gajah kapada tuan putĕri itu, "Wah adinda, mari hamba bantunkan rambut tuan putĕri sa'hĕlai itu."

Merah Gajah said to the princess, "My beloved, let me pluck that single stray hair of yours."

Hujung bulan itu, dia menggunting lagi rambut budak-budak dalam kampung dan dua hari kemudiannya, saya lihat dia telah mengemaskan begnya.

1990, Hashim Awang, Othman Puteh, Cahaya Langit, Penerbitan Budiman, →ISBN, page 27:

At the end of the month, he once again cut the hair of the kids in the village and two days later, I saw that he had packed his bags.

Farid mengusap rambut ayahnya.

2006, Ida Rizyani Tahir, Jalan Jauh ke Kampus, PTS Fortuna, →ISBN, page 162:

(anatomy) hair (a pigmented keratinaceous growth on the human head)


putih

putih (Jawi spelling ڤوتيه, plural putih-putih, informal 1st possessive putihku, 2nd possessive putihmu, 3rd possessive putihnya)

ڤوتيه (Jawi)
putih-putih (plural)
putihku (first-person informal possessive)
putihmu (possessive second-person)
putihnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *putih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)putiq.


manis

Indonesian: manis

Possibly come from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)(h)emis, with *ma- + with Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(h)emis. Compare Tagalog matamis.

memaniskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

bermanis [stative

to speak in a sweet manner; to act sweetly

manis-manisan [reduplication + resultative


buah

buah (Jawi spelling بواه, plural buah-buah or buah-buahan, informal 1st possessive buahku, 2nd possessive buahmu, 3rd possessive buahnya)

بواه (Jawi)
buah-buah (plural)
buah-buahan (plural)
buahku (first-person informal possessive)
buahmu (possessive second-person)
buahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: buah

From Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq. First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (vuaḥ).
* The sense of result and outcome are probably semantic loan from Sanskrit फल (phala, “result, yield, consequence”, literally “fruit”). Compare with Tagalog bunga with both fruit and result senses, while Malay bunga means flower.

sl

buah catur: chess piece

buah dadu: dice

buah tasbih: beads on a rosary or the like

any small and/or roundish holdable object resembling fruit or otherwise


buah

Classifier for anything generally concretely big and has volume.


tahu

> Indonesian: tahu (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *tahu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqu, from Proto-Austronesian *Caqu.
First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (tāhu).

diketahui [passive + causative benefactive + patient focus]

to know (be certain or sure about something)

Aku tidak tahu.


berat

ms-noun

berat (Jawi spelling برت, informal 1st possessive beratku, 2nd possessive beratmu, 3rd possessive beratnya)

برت (Jawi)
beratku (first-person informal possessive)
beratmu (possessive second-person)
beratnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *bərat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)bəʀəqat.


kilat

kilat (Jawi spelling کيلت, plural kilat-kilat, informal 1st possessive kilatku, 2nd possessive kilatmu, 3rd possessive kilatnya)

کيلت (Jawi)
kilat-kilat (plural)
kilatku (first-person informal possessive)
kilatmu (possessive second-person)
kilatnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *kilat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kilat, from Proto-Austronesian *likaC.


layar

layar (Jawi spelling لاير, plural layar-layar, informal 1st possessive layarku, 2nd possessive layarmu, 3rd possessive layarnya)

لاير (Jawi)
layar-layar (plural)
layarku (first-person informal possessive)
layarmu (possessive second-person)
layarnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *layar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *layaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ.
cognates
Cognate with Iban layar,
Moken layan, Sundanese ᮜᮚᮁ (layar), Balinese layah, Acehnese layeuë, Tagalog layag, Bikol Central layag, Cebuano layag, Chamorro layak, Malagasy lay, Fijian laca, Niuean lā, Samoan lā, Tongan lā, Hawaiian lā Maori rā, Tahitian rā.

(nautical) sail (a piece of fabric attached to a boat)


hati

hati (Jawi spelling هاتي, plural hati-hati, informal 1st possessive hatiku, 2nd possessive hatimu, 3rd possessive hatinya)

هاتي (Jawi)
hati-hati (plural)
hatiku (first-person informal possessive)
hatimu (possessive second-person)
hatinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: hati

From Proto-Malayic *hati, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay.

hati rapuh


warta

warta (Jawi spelling ورتا, plural warta-warta, informal 1st possessive wartaku, 2nd possessive wartamu, 3rd possessive wartanya)

ورتا (Jawi)
warta-warta (plural)
wartaku (first-person informal possessive)
wartamu (possessive second-person)
wartanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: warta

Borrowed from Javanese warta (ꦮꦂꦠ), from Old Javanese warta, wṛtta, from Sanskrit वार्त्ता (vārttā). Doublet of berita.

Akta ini mula berkuat kuasa pada tarikh yang ditetapkan oleh Menteri melalui pemberitahuan dalam Warta.

This Act comes into operation on a date to be appointed by the Minister by notification in the Gazette.

(law, often capitalized and italicized in legislations) gazette (official periodical publication by government)


duli

duli (Jawi spelling دولي, plural duli-duli, informal 1st possessive duliku, 2nd possessive dulimu, 3rd possessive dulinya)

دولي (Jawi)
duli-duli (plural)
duliku (first-person informal possessive)
dulimu (possessive second-person)
dulinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: duli


panca

From Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


keti

Indonesian: keti

→ Malagasy: hetsi

From Sanskrit कोटि (kōṭi, “ten million”).


ribu

Indonesian: ribu

→ Bikol Central: ribo

→ Cebuano: libo

→ Hiligaynon: libo

→ Kapampangan: libu

→ Tagalog: libo

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀibu. First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (rivu), in the form sarivu (current spelling seribu). Old Cham cognate form saribu also attested in the Đông Yên Châu inscription of the 4th century.
Also theorized to be late enough to be borrowed from Arabic رِبْوَة (ribwa) which meant “myriad” in reference to a currency.

Kedukan Bukit inscription
Đông Yên Châu inscription


sakar

sakar (Jawi spelling ساکر, plural sakar-sakar, informal 1st possessive sakarku, 2nd possessive sakarmu, 3rd possessive sakarnya)

ساکر (Jawi)
sakar-sakar (plural)
sakarku (first-person informal possessive)
sakarmu (possessive second-person)
sakarnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sakar

From Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂. The Persian equivalent is قند (“sugar”).

sugar (sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink)


menteri

mĕntĕri (Jawi spelling منتري, plural menteri-menteri, informal 1st possessive menteriku, 2nd possessive menterimu, 3rd possessive menterinya)

mĕntĕri (canonical)
منتري (Jawi)
menteri-menteri (plural)
menteriku (first-person informal possessive)
menterimu (possessive second-person)
menterinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: menteri

→ Portuguese: mandarim (see there for further descendants)

From Hindi मन्त्रि (mantri), from Sanskrit मन्त्री (mantrī), from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, “an agent suffix”).

der

menteri luar negeri

(government) A minister; the head of a ministry.


ratu

ms-noun

ratu (Jawi spelling راتو, plural ratu-ratu, informal 1st possessive ratuku, 2nd possessive ratumu, 3rd possessive ratunya)

راتو (Jawi)
ratu-ratu (plural)
ratuku (first-person informal possessive)
ratumu (possessive second-person)
ratunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ratu

From Old Javanese ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Cognate to Fijian ratu and Javanese ratu. Doublet of datuk, datu, and datung.

A queen:
(sports) The queen piece in chess.


kursi

kursi (informal 1st possessive kursiku, 2nd possessive kursimu, 3rd possessive kursinya)

kursiku (first-person informal possessive)
kursimu (possessive second-person)
kursinya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic كُرْسِيّ (kursiyy). Doublet of kerusi.

(education) chair: a distinguished professorship at a university.


pitu

From Proto-Malayic *pitu, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *pitu, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *pitu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pitu, from Proto-Austronesian *pitu.


susu

susu (Jawi spelling سوسو, informal 1st possessive susuku, 2nd possessive susumu, 3rd possessive susunya)

سوسو (Jawi)
susuku (first-person informal possessive)
susumu (possessive second-person)
susunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: susu

→ Petjo: soesoe

→ Tok Pisin: susu

From Proto-Malayic *susu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susu, from Proto-Austronesian *susu.


naga

naga (Jawi spelling ناݢ, plural naga-naga, informal 1st possessive nagaku, 2nd possessive nagamu, 3rd possessive naganya)

ناݢ (Jawi)
naga-naga (plural)
nagaku (first-person informal possessive)
nagamu (possessive second-person)
naganya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Sanskrit नाग (nāgá, “large snake”).


wangkang

wangkang (Jawi spelling وڠکڠ, plural wangkang-wangkang, informal 1st possessive wangkangku, 2nd possessive wangkangmu, 3rd possessive wangkangnya)

وڠکڠ (Jawi)
wangkang-wangkang (plural)
wangkangku (first-person informal possessive)
wangkangmu (possessive second-person)
wangkangnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?], compare Maori waka.


guruh

From kuruh, from Proto-Malayic *kuruh (compare Indonesian guruh), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀuq (compare Chamorro hulu, Fijian kuru).


hidung

hidung (Jawi spelling هيدوڠ, plural hidung-hidung, informal 1st possessive hidungku, 2nd possessive hidungmu, 3rd possessive hidungnya)

هيدوڠ (Jawi)
hidung-hidung (plural)
hidungku (first-person informal possessive)
hidungmu (possessive second-person)
hidungnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: hidung

From Proto-Malayic *hiduŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ijuŋ, *ujuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *mujiŋ.


lubang

lubang (Jawi spelling لوبڠ, plural lubang-lubang, informal 1st possessive lubangku, 2nd possessive lubangmu, 3rd possessive lubangnya)

لوبڠ (Jawi)
lubang-lubang (plural)
lubangku (first-person informal possessive)
lubangmu (possessive second-person)
lubangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: lubang

→ English: lobang

From Proto-Malayic *lubaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lubaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *lubaŋ (“burial pit”). Doublet of lowong and luang.

der

hole, hollow, orifice, perforation (opening in a solid):

(physics) in semiconductors, a lack of an electron in an occupied band behaving like a positively charged particle.


nanah

ms-noun

nanah (Jawi spelling نانه, plural nanah-nanah, informal 1st possessive nanahku, 2nd possessive nanahmu, 3rd possessive nanahnya)

نانه (Jawi)
nanah-nanah (plural)
nanahku (first-person informal possessive)
nanahmu (possessive second-person)
nanahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: nanah

From Proto-Malayic *nanah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nanaq, from Proto-Austronesian *naNaq.

pus (fluid found in regions of infection)

pernanahan [causative passive + resultative


roti

roti (Jawi spelling روتي, plural roti-roti, informal 1st possessive rotiku, 2nd possessive rotimu, 3rd possessive rotinya)

روتي (Jawi)
roti-roti (plural)
rotiku (first-person informal possessive)
rotimu (possessive second-person)
rotinya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: roti (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦫꦺꦴꦠꦶ (roti)

zh-l

羅知／罗知 (lô-ti)

→ Min Nan: 羅知／罗知 (lô-ti)

→ Pattani Malay: راوْتي / รอตี

Borrowed from Tamil ரொட்டி (roṭṭi) or Hindi रोटी (roṭī, “bread”).


pusat

ms-noun

pusat (Jawi spelling ڤوست, plural pusat-pusat, informal 1st possessive pusatku, 2nd possessive pusatmu, 3rd possessive pusatnya)

ڤوست (Jawi)
pusat-pusat (plural)
pusatku (first-person informal possessive)
pusatmu (possessive second-person)
pusatnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *pusət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusəj.


kumis

kumis (Jawi spelling کوميس, plural kumis-kumis, informal 1st possessive kumisku, 2nd possessive kumismu, 3rd possessive kumisnya)

کوميس (Jawi)
kumis-kumis (plural)
kumisku (first-person informal possessive)
kumismu (possessive second-person)
kumisnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *kumis (compare Indonesian kumis), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kumis (compare Fijian kumi).


kuku

kuku (Jawi spelling کوکو, plural kuku-kuku, informal 1st possessive kukuku, 2nd possessive kukumu, 3rd possessive kukunya)

کوکو (Jawi)
kuku-kuku (plural)
kukuku (first-person informal possessive)
kukumu (possessive second-person)
kukunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kuku

From Proto-Malayic *kuku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kukuh, from Proto-Austronesian *kuSkuS.


dahi

dahi (Jawi spelling داهي, plural dahi-dahi, informal 1st possessive dahiku, 2nd possessive dahimu, 3rd possessive dahinya)

داهي (Jawi)
dahi-dahi (plural)
dahiku (first-person informal possessive)
dahimu (possessive second-person)
dahinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dahi

From Proto-Malayic *dahi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqih, from Proto-Austronesian *daqiS. Cognate with Kavalan zais (“face”), Paiwan djaqis (“forehead”), Eastern Cham ꨖꨬ (dhei, “forehead”), Chamorro ha'i, Hawaiian lae.

(anatomy) forehead (part of face above eyebrows)


daun

daun (Jawi spelling داءون, plural daun-daun, informal 1st possessive daunku, 2nd possessive daunmu, 3rd possessive daunnya)

داءون (Jawi)
daun-daun (plural)
daunku (first-person informal possessive)
daunmu (possessive second-person)
daunnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.

daun telinga: pinna

daun pintu: hinged part of a door

daun pengayuh: oar blade

any flappy or blade-like part of something


ina

ina (Jawi spelling اينا, plural ina-ina, informal 1st possessive inaku, 2nd possessive inamu, 3rd possessive inanya)

اينا (Jawi)
ina-ina (plural)
inaku (first-person informal possessive)
inamu (possessive second-person)
inanya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

mother (female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant)


profesor

profesor (Jawi spelling ڤروفيسور, plural profesor-profesor, informal 1st possessive profesorku, 2nd possessive profesormu, 3rd possessive profesornya)

ڤروفيسور (Jawi)
profesor-profesor (plural)
profesorku (first-person informal possessive)
profesormu (possessive second-person)
profesornya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English professor, from Anglo-Norman proffessur, from Latin professor (“declarer, person who claims knowledge”), from the past participle stem of profiteor (“profess”).

der

profesor emeritus

Oleh kerana kerja-kerja penyelidikan awal seseorang profesor itu akan terus dirujuk beberapa tahun kemudiannya, maka universiti akan terus mendapat manfaat melalui peningkatan ranking universiti, walaupun seseorang profesor itu telah bersara.

2018 April 12, Hashim Yaacob, “Kekalkan profesor cemerlang di universiti [Keep brilliant professor(s) in university]”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2018-04-12:

Since the preliminary research work of a professor will continue to be referred to a few years later, therefore the university will continue to gain benefit through the improvement of its ranking, even if a particular professor has already retired.

professor (the most senior rank for an academic at a university)


alur

ms-noun

alur (Jawi spelling الور, plural alur-alur, informal 1st possessive alurku, 2nd possessive alurmu, 3rd possessive alurnya)

الور (Jawi)
alur-alur (plural)
alurku (first-person informal possessive)
alurmu (possessive second-person)
alurnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *halur, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *halur, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *halur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qaluʀ, from the root *-luʀ.

Alternative forms: alor, alir

river (large stream which drains a landmass)


aya

aya (Jawi spelling ايا, plural aya-aya, informal 1st possessive ayaku, 2nd possessive ayamu, 3rd possessive ayanya)

ايا (Jawi)
aya-aya (plural)
ayaku (first-person informal possessive)
ayamu (possessive second-person)
ayanya (possessive third-person)

bapa

bapanda, bapai, bapak, bapang, baba, papa


کالا

کالا (plural کالا-کالا or کالا۲, informal 1st possessive کالاکو, 2nd possessive کالامو, 3rd possessive کالاڽ)

کالا-کالا (plural)
کالا۲ (plural)
کالاکو (first-person informal possessive)
کالامو (possessive second-person)
کالاڽ (possessive third-person)


Julai

Borrowed from English July, from Middle English iulius, from Anglo-Norman julie, from Old French jule, from Latin iūlius, from Iuppiter, from Proto-Indo-European *dyeu-pəter-.

(Malaysia) July (seven month of the Gregorian calendar)


sangkut

sangkut (Jawi spelling سڠکوت, informal 1st possessive sangkutku, 2nd possessive sangkutmu, 3rd possessive sangkutnya)

سڠکوت (Jawi)
sangkutku (first-person informal possessive)
sangkutmu (possessive second-person)
sangkutnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *saŋkut, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saŋkut (“entangled, caught up in, involved, embroiled”).

inh

(fishing, Singapore) When one's terminal tackle is snagged on underwater debris or an underwater structure.


baldi

ms-noun

baldi (Jawi spelling بلدي, plural baldi-baldi, informal 1st possessive baldiku, 2nd possessive baldimu, 3rd possessive baldinya)

بلدي (Jawi)
baldi-baldi (plural)
baldiku (first-person informal possessive)
baldimu (possessive second-person)
baldinya (possessive third-person)


kanker

kanker (Jawi spelling کنکر, plural kanker-kanker, informal 1st possessive kankerku, 2nd possessive kankermu, 3rd possessive kankernya)

کنکر (Jawi)
kanker-kanker (plural)
kankerku (first-person informal possessive)
kankermu (possessive second-person)
kankernya (possessive third-person)

From Indonesian kanker, from Dutch kanker (“cancer”), from Middle Dutch canker, from New Latin cancer.

(oncology) (Riau, Sumatra) cancer, disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation.


paus

paus (Jawi spelling ڤاءوس, plural paus-paus, informal 1st possessive pausku, 2nd possessive pausmu, 3rd possessive pausnya)

ڤاءوس (Jawi)
paus-paus (plural)
pausku (first-person informal possessive)
pausmu (possessive second-person)
pausnya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch paus, from Middle Dutch paus, paues, pauwes, from Old French papes (compare German Papst), from Medieval Latin pāpa (“bishop, pope”), from Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas, “bishop”), variant of πάππας (páppas, “father”), of imitative origin.

(Roman Catholicism and generally) An honorary title of the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome as father and head of his church, a sovereign of the Vatican city state; a pope.


aikido

aikido (Jawi spelling اءيکيدو, plural aikido-aikido, informal 1st possessive aikidoku, 2nd possessive aikidomu, 3rd possessive aikidonya)

اءيکيدو (Jawi)
aikido-aikido (plural)
aikidoku (first-person informal possessive)
aikidomu (possessive second-person)
aikidonya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Japanese 合(あい)気(き)道(どう) (aikidō, “aikido”, literally “way of adapting the spirit”), from 合(あい) (ai, “together, unify”) + 気(き) (ki, “spirit; breath”) + 道(どう) (dō, “way”).


uda

ms-noun

uda (Jawi spelling اودا, plural uda-uda, informal 1st possessive udaku, 2nd possessive udamu, 3rd possessive udanya)

اودا (Jawi)
uda-uda (plural)
udaku (first-person informal possessive)
udamu (possessive second-person)
udanya (possessive third-person)


eka

Indonesian: eka

Borrowed from Sanskrit एक (eka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *óykos.


bola

bola (Jawi spelling بول, plural bola-bola, informal 1st possessive bolaku, 2nd possessive bolamu, 3rd possessive bolanya)

بول (Jawi)
bola-bola (plural)
bolaku (first-person informal possessive)
bolamu (possessive second-person)
bolanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Portuguese bola, from Old Occitan bola, from Latin bulla.

Bola bola sepak


murid

murid (Jawi spelling موريد, plural murid-murid, informal 1st possessive muridku, 2nd possessive muridmu, 3rd possessive muridnya)

موريد (Jawi)
murid-murid (plural)
muridku (first-person informal possessive)
muridmu (possessive second-person)
muridnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: murid


Ahmad

From Arabic أَحْمَد (ʔaḥmad), from حَمِدَ (ḥamida, “to thank or to praise”).


س

Shortened form of اسا, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.


abjad

abjad (Jawi spelling ابجد, plural abjad-abjad, informal 1st possessive abjadku, 2nd possessive abjadmu, 3rd possessive abjadnya)

ابجد (Jawi)
abjad-abjad (plural)
abjadku (first-person informal possessive)
abjadmu (possessive second-person)
abjadnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: abjad


guni

guni (Jawi spelling ݢوني, plural guni-guni, informal 1st possessive guniku, 2nd possessive gunimu, 3rd possessive guninya)

ݢوني (Jawi)
guni-guni (plural)
guniku (first-person informal possessive)
gunimu (possessive second-person)
guninya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit गोणी (goṇī́, “sack”), from Dravidian.


dalang

dalang (Jawi spelling دالڠ, plural dalang-dalang, informal 1st possessive dalangku, 2nd possessive dalangmu, 3rd possessive dalangnya)

دالڠ (Jawi)
dalang-dalang (plural)
dalangku (first-person informal possessive)
dalangmu (possessive second-person)
dalangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dalang

mendalangkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mendalangi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

didalangkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

didalangi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


delapan

From Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ) alap-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?], from Proto-Austronesian *alap (“fetch, get, take”). Doublet of alap.


cincin

ms-noun

cincin (Jawi spelling چينچين, plural cincin-cincin, informal 1st possessive cincinku, 2nd possessive cincinmu, 3rd possessive cincinnya)

چينچين (Jawi)
cincin-cincin (plural)
cincinku (first-person informal possessive)
cincinmu (possessive second-person)
cincinnya (possessive third-person)

From Chinese [Term?] as per Blust (2010-), possibly Hokkien 手指 (chhiú-chí / chhiú-chái / chhiú-cháiⁿ). Compare Indonesian cincin (“ring”), Brunei Malay cincin (“ring”), Tagalog singsing (“ring”), Ilocano singsing (“ring”), Maranao sising (“ring”), Tausug singsing (“ring”),Khmer ចិញ្ចៀន (ceñciən, “ring”), etc.


Meriam

From Arabic مَرْيَم (maryam). Doublet of Maryam, Mariam, and Maria.

a female given name from Arabic: Mary, Miriam


ibu jari

ms-noun

ibu jari (Jawi spelling ايبو جاري, informal 1st possessive ibu jariku, 2nd possessive ibu jarimu, 3rd possessive ibu jarinya)

ايبو جاري (Jawi)
ibu jari ku (first-person informal possessive)
ibu jari mu (possessive second-person)
ibu jari nya (possessive third-person)

Compound of ibu (“mother”) + jari (“finger”).


kanak

ms-noun

kanak (plural kanak-kanak, informal 1st possessive kanakku, 2nd possessive kanakmu, 3rd possessive kanaknya)

kanak-kanak (plural)
kanakku (first-person informal possessive)
kanakmu (possessive second-person)
kanaknya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.


telinga

telinga (Jawi spelling تليڠا, plural telinga-telinga, informal 1st possessive telingaku, 2nd possessive telingamu, 3rd possessive telinganya)

تليڠا (Jawi)
telinga-telinga (plural)
telingaku (first-person informal possessive)
telingamu (possessive second-person)
telinganya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: telinga

From Proto-Malayic *tAliŋa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taliŋa, from Proto-Austronesian *Caliŋa.


jari

jari (Jawi spelling جاري, plural jari-jari, informal 1st possessive jariku, 2nd possessive jarimu, 3rd possessive jarinya)

جاري (Jawi)
jari-jari (plural)
jariku (first-person informal possessive)
jarimu (possessive second-person)
jarinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: jari

→ Acehnese: jaroe

→ Min Nan: 惹𨁫 (jiá-lí)

→ Semai: jariiq


zaman

Indonesian: zaman

age (particular period of time in history)


perut

perut (Jawi spelling ڤروت, plural perut-perut, informal 1st possessive perutku, 2nd possessive perutmu, 3rd possessive perutnya)

ڤروت (Jawi)
perut-perut (plural)
perutku (first-person informal possessive)
perutmu (possessive second-person)
perutnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *pərut, from East Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuc ~ *ruəc (“intestine”), whence Proto-Bahnaric *prɔːc.


kening

ms-noun

kening (Jawi spelling کنيڠ, plural kening-kening, informal 1st possessive keningku, 2nd possessive keningmu, 3rd possessive keningnya)

کنيڠ (Jawi)
kening-kening (plural)
keningku (first-person informal possessive)
keningmu (possessive second-person)
keningnya (possessive third-person)

eyebrow (hair that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket)


bota

bota (Jawi spelling بوتا, plural bota-bota, informal 1st possessive botaku, 2nd possessive botamu, 3rd possessive botanya)

بوتا (Jawi)
bota-bota (plural)
botaku (first-person informal possessive)
botamu (possessive second-person)
botanya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: bota (inherited)


penara

penara (Jawi spelling ڤنارا, plural penara-penara, 3rd possessive penaranya)

ڤنارا (Jawi)
penara-penara (plural)
penaranya (possessive third-person)


presiden

presiden (Jawi spelling ڤريسيدن, plural presiden-presiden, informal 1st possessive presidenku, 2nd possessive presidenmu, 3rd possessive presidennya)

ڤريسيدن (Jawi)
presiden-presiden (plural)
presidenku (first-person informal possessive)
presidenmu (possessive second-person)
presidennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English president and Dutch president, from Old French president, from Latin praesidēns (“presiding over; president, leader”).

der

presiden Amerika Syarikat

presiden Indonesia

presiden Perancis

(government, politics) The head of state of a republic that is usually also the republic's head of government.

presiden Microsoft

(management) The head of a company, bank, firm, and so on.


cahaya

ms-noun

cahaya (Jawi spelling چهاي, plural cahaya-cahaya, informal 1st possessive cahayaku, 2nd possessive cahayamu, 3rd possessive cahayanya)

چهاي (Jawi)
cahaya-cahaya (plural)
cahayaku (first-person informal possessive)
cahayamu (possessive second-person)
cahayanya (possessive third-person)


detik

detik (Jawi spelling دتيق, plural detik-detik, informal 1st possessive detikku, 2nd possessive detikmu, 3rd possessive detiknya)

دتيق (Jawi)
detik-detik (plural)
detikku (first-person informal possessive)
detikmu (possessive second-person)
detiknya (possessive third-person)


Alkitab

Alkitab (Jawi spelling الکتاب, plural Alkitab-Alkitab, informal 1st possessive Alkitabku, 2nd possessive Alkitabmu, 3rd possessive Alkitabnya)

الکتاب (Jawi)
Alkitab-Alkitab (plural)
Alkitabku (first-person informal possessive)
Alkitabmu (possessive second-person)
Alkitabnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: Alkitab

From Classical Malay الكتاب (Alkitab), from Arabic الْكِتَاب (al-kitāb, “the book”).


wayang

wayang (Jawi spelling وايڠ, plural wayang-wayang, informal 1st possessive wayangku, 2nd possessive wayangmu, 3rd possessive wayangnya)

وايڠ (Jawi)
wayang-wayang (plural)
wayangku (first-person informal possessive)
wayangmu (possessive second-person)
wayangnya (possessive third-person)

→ Hokkien: 花英 (hoa-iaⁿ) (?)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦪꦁ (wayang, “shadow; imagination”), from Old Javanese wayaṅ. Doublet of bayang. .

bor

shadow play traditional among the Javanese and Kelantanese

Andy ajak kita tengok wayang.

(informal) ellipsis of wayang gambar (“motion picture; movie”).


guli

ms-noun

guli (Jawi spelling ݢولي, plural guli-guli, informal 1st possessive guliku, 2nd possessive gulimu, 3rd possessive gulinya)

ݢولي (Jawi)
guli-guli (plural)
guliku (first-person informal possessive)
gulimu (possessive second-person)
gulinya (possessive third-person)


tian

tian (Jawi spelling تيان, plural tian-tian, informal 1st possessive tianku, 2nd possessive tianmu, 3rd possessive tiannya)

تيان (Jawi)
tian-tian (plural)
tianku (first-person informal possessive)
tianmu (possessive second-person)
tiannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tian

From Proto-Malayic *tian (“belly”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian (“belly”), from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN.

meniani [agent focus + causative benefactive]


asta

From Sanskrit अष्ट (aṣṭa), from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.


stik

stik (Jawi spelling ستيک, plural stik-stik, informal 1st possessive stikku, 2nd possessive stikmu, 3rd possessive stiknya)

ستيک (Jawi)
stik-stik (plural)
stikku (first-person informal possessive)
stikmu (possessive second-person)
stiknya (possessive third-person)


kasino

kasino (Jawi spelling کاسينو, informal 1st possessive kasinoku, 2nd possessive kasinomu, 3rd possessive kasinonya)

کاسينو (Jawi)
kasinoku (first-person informal possessive)
kasinomu (possessive second-person)
kasinonya (possessive third-person)

From English casino, from Italian casino, diminutive form of casa (“house”), from Latin casa (“cottage, hut”).


regata

régata (Jawi spelling ريݢات, plural regata-regata, informal 1st possessive regataku, 2nd possessive regatamu, 3rd possessive regatanya)

régata (canonical)
ريݢات (Jawi)
regata-regata (plural)
regataku (first-person informal possessive)
regatamu (possessive second-person)
regatanya (possessive third-person)


bahu

bahu (Jawi spelling باهو, plural bahu-bahu, informal 1st possessive bahuku, 2nd possessive bahumu, 3rd possessive bahunya)

باهو (Jawi)
bahu-bahu (plural)
bahuku (first-person informal possessive)
bahumu (possessive second-person)
bahunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bahu

From Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *baHźʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Doublet of baju.

(anatomy) shoulder (joint between arm and torso)


alkohol

alkohol (Jawi spelling الکوهول, informal 1st possessive alkoholku, 2nd possessive alkoholmu, 3rd possessive alkoholnya)

الکوهول (Jawi)
alkoholku (first-person informal possessive)
alkoholmu (possessive second-person)
alkoholnya (possessive third-person)

From English alcohol, from Middle English, from Old French alcohol, from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).


haram

Indonesian: haram

Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram, Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan dan Hasil daripada Aktiviti Haram 2001 [Akta 613]

Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds of Unlawful Activities Act 2001 [Act 613]


madrasah

madrasah (Jawi spelling مدرسة, plural madrasah-madrasah, informal 1st possessive madrasahku, 2nd possessive madrasahmu, 3rd possessive madrasahnya)

مدرسة (Jawi)
madrasah-madrasah (plural)
madrasahku (first-person informal possessive)
madrasahmu (possessive second-person)
madrasahnya (possessive third-person)


daya

daya (Jawi spelling داي, plural daya-daya, informal 1st possessive dayaku, 2nd possessive dayamu, 3rd possessive dayanya)

داي (Jawi)
daya-daya (plural)
dayaku (first-person informal possessive)
dayamu (possessive second-person)
dayanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: daya

→ Javanese: ꦢꦪ (daya)

→ Hiligaynon: dáyà

→ Tagalog: daya

→ Sundanese: daya


aliran

aliran (Jawi spelling اليرن, plural aliran-aliran, informal 1st possessive aliranku, 2nd possessive aliranmu, 3rd possessive alirannya)

اليرن (Jawi)
aliran-aliran (plural)
aliranku (first-person informal possessive)
aliranmu (possessive second-person)
alirannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: aliran

(education) one of several forms of public school education in Malaysia, such as Islamic schools and ethnic schools (such as for Malays, Chinese, and Indians)


nila

From Sanskrit नील (nīla). Doublet of nilam.


nila

nila (Jawi spelling نيلا, plural nila-nila, informal 1st possessive nilaku, 2nd possessive nilamu, 3rd possessive nilanya)

نيلا (Jawi)
nila-nila (plural)
nilaku (first-person informal possessive)
nilamu (possessive second-person)
nilanya (possessive third-person)

indigo (colour; the dye from the indigo plant)


leng

leng (Jawi spelling ليݞ, informal 1st possessive lengku, 2nd possessive lengmu, 3rd possessive lengnya)

ليݞ (Jawi)
lengku (first-person informal possessive)
lengmu (possessive second-person)
lengnya (possessive third-person)

(units of measure) A traditional Malay unit of volume, equivalent to an imperial pint.


nol

Indonesian: nol


ayat

ayat (Jawi spelling ايات, plural ayat-ayat, informal 1st possessive ayatku, 2nd possessive ayatmu, 3rd possessive ayatnya)

ايات (Jawi)
ayat-ayat (plural)
ayatku (first-person informal possessive)
ayatmu (possessive second-person)
ayatnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ayat


KD

(Malaysia, military, nautical) Initialism of Kapal Diraja (ship prefix for the Royal Malaysian Navy)


ساعت

ساعت (Rumi spelling saat, plural ساعت-ساعت or ساعت۲, informal 1st possessive ساعتکو, 2nd possessive ساعتمو, 3rd possessive ساعتڽ)

saat (Rumi)
ساعت-ساعت (plural)
ساعت۲ (plural)
ساعتکو (first-person informal possessive)
ساعتمو (possessive second-person)
ساعتڽ (possessive third-person)


sekta

sekta (Jawi spelling سيکتا, plural sekta-sekta, informal 1st possessive sektaku, 2nd possessive sektamu, 3rd possessive sektanya)

سيکتا (Jawi)
sekta-sekta (plural)
sektaku (first-person informal possessive)
sektamu (possessive second-person)
sektanya (possessive third-person)

From English sect, from Middle English secte, from Old French secte (“a sect in philosophy or religion”), from Late Latin secta (“a sect in philosophy or religion, a school, party, faction, class, gild, band, particularly a heretical doctrine or sect, etc.”), possibly, from Latin sequi (“to follow”). Alternatively linked to sectus (“cut off, divided”), past participle of secō.


punti

ms-noun

punti (Jawi spelling ڤونتي, plural punti-punti, informal 1st possessive puntiku, 2nd possessive puntimu, 3rd possessive puntinya)

ڤونتي (Jawi)
punti-punti (plural)
puntiku (first-person informal possessive)
puntimu (possessive second-person)
puntinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: punti

From Proto-Malayic *punti, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *punti, from Proto-Austronesian *punti.

Musa × paradisiaca
Musa × paradisiaca#Translingual

(botany) a hybrid banana (Musa × paradisiaca)


kabinet

kabinet (Jawi spelling کابينيت, plural kabinet-kabinet, informal 1st possessive kabinetku, 2nd possessive kabinetmu, 3rd possessive kabinetnya)

کابينيت (Jawi)
kabinet-kabinet (plural)
kabinetku (first-person informal possessive)
kabinetmu (possessive second-person)
kabinetnya (possessive third-person)

kabinet Perdana Menteri

(politics, government) In parliamentary and some other systems of government, the group of ministers responsible for creating government policy and for overseeing the departments comprising the executive branch.


kontrol

kontrol (Jawi spelling کونترول, plural kontrol-kontrol, informal 1st possessive kontrolku, 2nd possessive kontrolmu, 3rd possessive kontrolnya)

کونترول (Jawi)
kontrol-kontrol (plural)
kontrolku (first-person informal possessive)
kontrolmu (possessive second-person)
kontrolnya (possessive third-person)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

From English control, from Middle English controllen, from Old French contrerole, from Medieval Latin contrarotulum (“a counter-roll or register used to verify accounts”), from Latin contra (“against, opposite”) + Medieval Latin rotulus, Latin rotula (“roll, a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”).
* The sense of checkup is semantic loan from Indonesian kontrol.


elektrik

ms-noun

éléktrik (Jawi spelling ايليکتريک, plural elektrik-elektrik, informal 1st possessive elektrikku, 2nd possessive elektrikmu, 3rd possessive elektriknya)

éléktrik (canonical)
ايليکتريک (Jawi)
elektrik-elektrik (plural)
elektrikku (first-person informal possessive)
elektrikmu (possessive second-person)
elektriknya (possessive third-person)


اوتار

utara (romanization)
utară (romanization)

اوتارا اوتارا#Malay

(pre-1986) Obsolete spelling of اوتارا (“north”).


اوتار

اوتارا اوتارا#Malay


mikrofon

mikrofon (Jawi spelling ميکروفون, plural mikrofon-mikrofon, informal 1st possessive mikrofonku, 2nd possessive mikrofonmu, 3rd possessive mikrofonnya)

ميکروفون (Jawi)
mikrofon-mikrofon (plural)
mikrofonku (first-person informal possessive)
mikrofonmu (possessive second-person)
mikrofonnya (possessive third-person)


poligami

poligami (Jawi spelling ڤوليݢامي, plural poligami-poligami, informal 1st possessive poligamiku, 2nd possessive poligamimu, 3rd possessive poligaminya)

ڤوليݢامي (Jawi)
poligami-poligami (plural)
poligamiku (first-person informal possessive)
poligamimu (possessive second-person)
poligaminya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch polygamie, from Latin polygamia, from Ancient Greek πολυγαμία (polugamía).


pahat

pahat (Jawi spelling ڤاهت, plural pahat-pahat, informal 1st possessive pahatku, 2nd possessive pahatmu, 3rd possessive pahatnya)

ڤاهت (Jawi)
pahat-pahat (plural)
pahatku (first-person informal possessive)
pahatmu (possessive second-person)
pahatnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pahat

→ Dairi Batak: pahat

→ Lun Bawang: faat

→ Tombulu: paat

From Proto-Malayic *pahət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət (“chisel”).
First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (pāhat).


sukat

sukat (Jawi spelling سوکت, informal 1st possessive sukatku, 2nd possessive sukatmu, 3rd possessive sukatnya)

سوکت (Jawi)
sukatku (first-person informal possessive)
sukatmu (possessive second-person)
sukatnya (possessive third-person)

(units of measure) A traditional Malay unit of volume, equivalent to four imperial gallons.


kurun

kurun (Jawi spelling قرون, plural kurun-kurun, informal 1st possessive kurunku, 2nd possessive kurunmu, 3rd possessive kurunnya)

قرون (Jawi)
kurun-kurun (plural)
kurunku (first-person informal possessive)
kurunmu (possessive second-person)
kurunnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kurun

Borrowed from Arabic قُرُون (qurūn), plural of قَرْن (qarn).


satelit

satelit (Jawi spelling ساتليت, plural satelit-satelit, informal 1st possessive satelitku, 2nd possessive satelitmu, 3rd possessive satelitnya)

ساتليت (Jawi)
satelit-satelit (plural)
satelitku (first-person informal possessive)
satelitmu (possessive second-person)
satelitnya (possessive third-person)


berma

berma (Jawi spelling برما, plural berma-berma, informal 1st possessive bermaku, 2nd possessive bermamu, 3rd possessive bermanya)

برما (Jawi)
berma-berma (plural)
bermaku (first-person informal possessive)
bermamu (possessive second-person)
bermanya (possessive third-person)


kanan

From Proto-Malayic *kanan (compare Indonesian kanan), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ka-)wanan (compare Ilocano kannawan, Kapampangan uanan, Tagalog kanan), from Proto-Austronesian *(ka-)wanaN.


eksport

head

eksport (Jawi spelling ايکسڤورت, active mengeksport, 3rd person passive dieksport)

ايکسڤورت (Jawi)
mengeksport (active)
dieksport (passive third-person)

From English export, from Latin exportare.

(transitive, computing) To send (data) from one program to another.


puki

ms-noun

puki (Jawi spelling ڤوکي, plural puki-puki, informal 1st possessive pukiku, 2nd possessive pukimu, 3rd possessive pukinya)

ڤوکي (Jawi)
puki-puki (plural)
pukiku (first-person informal possessive)
pukimu (possessive second-person)
pukinya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *puki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puki, from Proto-Austronesian *puki. Cognate with Asi puki and Sakizaya puki.

(vulgar, anatomy) vulva (collectively the external female sexual organs)


sepuluh

سڤولوه (Jawi)

Indonesian: sepuluh

From Proto-Malayic *sə-puluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa-puluq, from Proto-Austronesian *sa-puluq. By surface analysis, se- + puluh.
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (sapulu).


alam

alam (Jawi spelling عالم, plural alam-alam, informal 1st possessive alamku, 2nd possessive alammu, 3rd possessive alamnya)

عالم (Jawi)
alam-alam (plural)
alamku (first-person informal possessive)
alammu (possessive second-person)
alamnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: alam

(biology, taxonomy) kingdom: A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).


asfalt

asfalt (Jawi spelling اسفلت, plural asfalt-asfalt, informal 1st possessive asfaltku, 2nd possessive asfaltmu, 3rd possessive asfaltnya)

اسفلت (Jawi)
asfalt-asfalt (plural)
asfaltku (first-person informal possessive)
asfaltmu (possessive second-person)
asfaltnya (possessive third-person)


ideologi

ideologi (Jawi spelling ايديولوݢي, plural ideologi-ideologi, informal 1st possessive ideologiku, 2nd possessive ideologimu, 3rd possessive ideologinya)

ايديولوݢي (Jawi)
ideologi-ideologi (plural)
ideologiku (first-person informal possessive)
ideologimu (possessive second-person)
ideologinya (possessive third-person)

Internationalism, borrowed from English ideology, from French idéologie.


ekologi

ekologi (Jawi spelling ايکولوݢي, plural ekologi-ekologi, informal 1st possessive ekologiku, 2nd possessive ekologimu, 3rd possessive ekologinya)

ايکولوݢي (Jawi)
ekologi-ekologi (plural)
ekologiku (first-person informal possessive)
ekologimu (possessive second-person)
ekologinya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch ecologie. By surface analysis, eko- + -logi.


adenovirus

adenovirus (Jawi spelling ادينۏيروس, plural adenovirus-adenovirus, informal 1st possessive adenovirusku, 2nd possessive adenovirusmu, 3rd possessive adenovirusnya)

ادينۏيروس (Jawi)
adenovirus-adenovirus (plural)
adenovirusku (first-person informal possessive)
adenovirusmu (possessive second-person)
adenovirusnya (possessive third-person)

(medicine) adenovirus (any virus of the family Adenoviridae, many of which are responsible for respiratory infections in humans)


biosfera

biosfera (Jawi spelling بيوسفيرا, plural biosfera-biosfera, informal 1st possessive biosferaku, 2nd possessive biosferamu, 3rd possessive biosferanya)

بيوسفيرا (Jawi)
biosfera-biosfera (plural)
biosferaku (first-person informal possessive)
biosferamu (possessive second-person)
biosferanya (possessive third-person)


pudina

pudina (Jawi spelling ڤودينا, plural pudina-pudina, informal 1st possessive pudinaku, 2nd possessive pudinamu, 3rd possessive pudinanya)

ڤودينا (Jawi)
pudina-pudina (plural)
pudinaku (first-person informal possessive)
pudinamu (possessive second-person)
pudinanya (possessive third-person)


morfem

morfem (Jawi spelling مورفيم, plural morfem-morfem, 3rd possessive morfemnya)

مورفيم (Jawi)
morfem-morfem (plural)
morfemnya (possessive third-person)


korona

korona (Jawi spelling کورونا, plural korona-korona, informal 1st possessive koronaku, 2nd possessive koronamu, 3rd possessive koronanya)

کورونا (Jawi)
korona-korona (plural)
koronaku (first-person informal possessive)
koronamu (possessive second-person)
koronanya (possessive third-person)


dwi-

From dwi, from Sanskrit द्वि (dvi), from द्व (dvá), from Proto-Indo-European *dwó, *dwóh₁.


elektron

From English electron, from Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron).

(physics) electron (the negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit atoms)


solat

solat (Jawi spelling صلاة, plural solat-solat, informal 1st possessive solatku, 2nd possessive solatmu, 3rd possessive solatnya)

صلاة (Jawi)
solat-solat (plural)
solatku (first-person informal possessive)
solatmu (possessive second-person)
solatnya (possessive third-person)


autokrat

autokrat (Jawi spelling اءوتوکرت, plural autokrat-autokrat, informal 1st possessive autokratku, 2nd possessive autokratmu, 3rd possessive autokratnya)

اءوتوکرت (Jawi)
autokrat-autokrat (plural)
autokratku (first-person informal possessive)
autokratmu (possessive second-person)
autokratnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch autocraat (“autocrat”), from French autocrate, from Ancient Greek αὐτοκρατής (autokratḗs).


arca

ms-noun

arca (Jawi spelling ارچا, plural arca-arca, informal 1st possessive arcaku, 2nd possessive arcamu, 3rd possessive arcanya)

ارچا (Jawi)
arca-arca (plural)
arcaku (first-person informal possessive)
arcamu (possessive second-person)
arcanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit अर्चा (arcā, “worship, idol”).


gereja

gereja (Jawi spelling ݢرجا or ݢريجا, plural gereja-gereja, informal 1st possessive gerejaku, 2nd possessive gerejamu, 3rd possessive gerejanya)

ݢرجا (Jawi)
ݢريجا (Jawi)
gereja-gereja (plural)
gerejaku (first-person informal possessive)
gerejamu (possessive second-person)
gerejanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: gereja

Borrowed from Portuguese igreja, from Old Galician-Portuguese igreja, from Latin ecclēsia, from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía, “congregation”).

der

(Christianity) church (a house of worship)


biola

ms-noun

biola (Jawi spelling بيولا, plural biola-biola, informal 1st possessive biolaku, 2nd possessive biolamu, 3rd possessive biolanya)

بيولا (Jawi)
biola-biola (plural)
biolaku (first-person informal possessive)
biolamu (possessive second-person)
biolanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: biola


taun

taun (plural taun-taun, informal 1st possessive taunku, 2nd possessive taunmu, 3rd possessive taunnya)

taun-taun (plural)
taunku (first-person informal possessive)
taunmu (possessive second-person)
taunnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: taun


kotek

kotek (Jawi spelling کوتيق, plural kotek-kotek, informal 1st possessive kotekku, 2nd possessive kotekmu, 3rd possessive koteknya)

کوتيق (Jawi)
kotek-kotek (plural)
kotekku (first-person informal possessive)
kotekmu (possessive second-person)
koteknya (possessive third-person)


tanak

Indonesian: tanak

From Proto-Malayic *tanak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanək, from Proto-Austronesian *tanək.

(transitive) to cook (prepare (food) for eating)

tanak-tanakan [reduplication + resultative

menanakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditanakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


kanser

kanser (Jawi spelling کنسر, plural kanser-kanser, informal 1st possessive kanserku, 2nd possessive kansermu, 3rd possessive kansernya)

کنسر (Jawi)
kanser-kanser (plural)
kanserku (first-person informal possessive)
kansermu (possessive second-person)
kansernya (possessive third-person)


katil

katil (Jawi spelling کاتيل, plural katil-katil, informal 1st possessive katilku, 2nd possessive katilmu, 3rd possessive katilnya)

کاتيل (Jawi)
katil-katil (plural)
katilku (first-person informal possessive)
katilmu (possessive second-person)
katilnya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: katil (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬓᬢᬶᬮ᭄

→ Bonggi: katil

→ Sundanese: ᮊᮒᮤᮜ᮪ (katil)

Borrowed from Tamil கட்டில் (kaṭṭil). Cognate with Portuguese catre, English cot.


goreng

(slang) the skill of plucking a guitar string at an upbeat tempo


suami

suami (Jawi spelling سوامي, plural suami-suami, informal 1st possessive suamiku, 2nd possessive suamimu, 3rd possessive suaminya)

سوامي (Jawi)
suami-suami (plural)
suamiku (first-person informal possessive)
suamimu (possessive second-person)
suaminya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: suami

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वामी (svāmī), singular nominative of स्वामिन् (svāmín). Doublet of sami.

mempersuamikan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]


antikristus

انتکريستوس (Jawi)


merdeka

Indonesian: mêrdèka

→ English: Merdeka

Elision of merdeheka from Sanskrit महर्द्धिक (maharddhika, “prosperous”), first attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (maharddhika), Cognate of Buginese ᨆᨑᨙᨉᨀ, Tagalog maharlika.

der

memerdekakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

akhbar merdeka

news that is not affiliate with any political party

merdeka ayam

free to do anything as desire; absolute freedom

بهاواسڽ كران تله تيباله ماسڽ باڬي اومت ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو اين منچاڤأي تارف سواتو بڠسا يڠ مرديك لاڬي بردولت سام ستيمڤل كدودوكنڽ دڠن سڬالا بڠسا سلوروه دنيا

1957 August 31, Tunku Abdul Rahman, Pemasyhuran Kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu [Malayan Declaration of Independence]:

Whereas the time has now arrived when the people of the Persekutuan Tanah Melayu will assume the status of a free independent and sovereign nation among nations of the World.

(Bahawasanya kerana telah tibalah masanya bagi umat Persekutuan Tanah Melayu ini mencapai taraf suatu bangsa yang merdeka lagi berdaulat sama setimpal kedudukannya dengan segala bangsa seluruh dunia.)

Bendera negara bukan hanya sekadar sehelai kain yang mempunyai warna atau motif tertentu bahkan ia adalah simbol identiti sesebuah negara yang merdeka lagi berdaulat.

2018 February 16, Normazlina M.D, “Simbol negara merdeka [Symbol of an independent nation]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2019-08-18:

The national flag is not just a piece of cloth that has a certain color or motif. In fact, it is a symbol of the identity of a nation that is independent and sovereign.

Independent:
(of a polity) Not ruled by others.

Not dependent on other people; self-reliant.


lilin

ms-noun

lilin (Jawi spelling ليلين, plural lilin-lilin, informal 1st possessive lilinku, 2nd possessive lilinmu, 3rd possessive lilinnya)

ليلين (Jawi)
lilin-lilin (plural)
lilinku (first-person informal possessive)
lilinmu (possessive second-person)
lilinnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: lilin


bigami

bigami (Jawi spelling بيݢامي, plural bigami-bigami, informal 1st possessive bigamiku, 2nd possessive bigamimu, 3rd possessive bigaminya)

بيݢامي (Jawi)
bigami-bigami (plural)
bigamiku (first-person informal possessive)
bigamimu (possessive second-person)
bigaminya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch bigamie, from French bigamie.


bangku

bangku (Jawi spelling بڠکو, plural bangku-bangku, informal 1st possessive bangkuku, 2nd possessive bangkumu, 3rd possessive bangkunya)

بڠکو (Jawi)
bangku-bangku (plural)
bangkuku (first-person informal possessive)
bangkumu (possessive second-person)
bangkunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bangku

→ Iban: bangku

→ Ternate: bangku

Borrowed from Portuguese banco. Doublet of bank.


aktif

Learned borrowing from Dutch actief or Dutch aktief, from Old French actif, from Latin activus. By surface analysis, akt + -if.
The pronunciation of this word has been influenced by English active.

(grammar, linguistics) being in the passive voice


biskop

biskop (Jawi spelling بيسکوڤ, plural biskop-biskop, informal 1st possessive biskopku, 2nd possessive biskopmu, 3rd possessive biskopnya)

بيسکوڤ (Jawi)
biskop-biskop (plural)
biskopku (first-person informal possessive)
biskopmu (possessive second-person)
biskopnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch bisschop (“bishop”), from Middle Dutch bischop, from Old Dutch biskop, from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos). Doublet of uskup.


surah

surah (Jawi spelling سورة, plural surah-surah, informal 1st possessive surahku, 2nd possessive surahmu, 3rd possessive surahnya)

سورة (Jawi)
surah-surah (plural)
surahku (first-person informal possessive)
surahmu (possessive second-person)
surahnya (possessive third-person)


serangan jantung

serangan jantung (Jawi spelling سرڠن جنتوڠ, informal 1st possessive serangan jantungku, 2nd possessive serangan jantungmu, 3rd possessive serangan jantungnya)

سرڠن جنتوڠ (Jawi)
serangan jantung ku (first-person informal possessive)
serangan jantung mu (possessive second-person)
serangan jantung nya (possessive third-person)

From serangan (“attack”) + jantung (“heart”).

Seorang suspek kes pecah rumah di sini meninggal dunia awal hari ini akibat serangan jantung ketika ditahan polis.

2013 September 17, “Suspek pecah rumah meninggal dunia akibat serangan jantung”, in Astro Awani:

A suspect in a burglary case here passed away earlier today due to a heart attack while being held by the police.


jantung

jantung (Jawi spelling جنتوڠ, plural jantung-jantung, informal 1st possessive jantungku, 2nd possessive jantungmu, 3rd possessive jantungnya)

جنتوڠ (Jawi)
jantung-jantung (plural)
jantungku (first-person informal possessive)
jantungmu (possessive second-person)
jantungnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: jantung

→ Javanese: ꦗꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦁ (jantung)

→ Tausug: jantung

From Proto-Malayic *jantuŋ. Cognate with Acehnese jantong.

Pisang dan articok mengeluarkan jantung untuk berbunga.

Bananas and artichokes produce hearts to bloom.

(botany) a flower bud (of banana and artichoke).


huruf

huruf (Jawi spelling حروف, plural huruf-huruf, informal 1st possessive hurufku, 2nd possessive hurufmu, 3rd possessive hurufnya)

حروف (Jawi)
huruf-huruf (plural)
hurufku (first-person informal possessive)
hurufmu (possessive second-person)
hurufnya (possessive third-person)


neraka

neraka (Jawi spelling نراک, informal 1st possessive nerakaku, 2nd possessive nerakamu, 3rd possessive nerakanya)

نراک (Jawi)
nerakaku (first-person informal possessive)
nerakamu (possessive second-person)
nerakanya (possessive third-person)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit नरक (naraka).


hijau

Indonesian: hijau

From Proto-Malayic *hijaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)qizaw.

environmentally friendly
environmentally friendly


hijau

ms-noun

hijau (Jawi spelling هيجاو, plural hijau-hijau, informal 1st possessive hijauku, 2nd possessive hijaumu, 3rd possessive hijaunya)

هيجاو (Jawi)
hijau-hijau (plural)
hijauku (first-person informal possessive)
hijaumu (possessive second-person)
hijaunya (possessive third-person)


lengan

lengan (Jawi spelling لڠن, plural lengan-lengan, informal 1st possessive lenganku, 2nd possessive lenganmu, 3rd possessive lengannya)

لڠن (Jawi)
lengan-lengan (plural)
lenganku (first-person informal possessive)
lenganmu (possessive second-person)
lengannya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *leŋen, from Proto-Austronesian [Term?].


timur

timur (Jawi spelling تيمور, informal 1st possessive timurku, 2nd possessive timurmu, 3rd possessive timurnya)

تيمور (Jawi)
timurku (first-person informal possessive)
timurmu (possessive second-person)
timurnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: timur

From Proto-Malayic *timur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *timuʀ.


kuning

From Proto-Malayic *kunit (compare Indonesian kuning, Minangkabau kuniang), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)kunij (compare Acehnese kuneng, Javanese kuning, Madurese koneng, Sasak koning, Sundanese koneng, West Coast Bajau kuning) hence doublet of kunyit.


kuning

kuning (Jawi spelling کونيڠ, plural kuning-kuning, informal 1st possessive kuningku, 2nd possessive kuningmu, 3rd possessive kuningnya)

کونيڠ (Jawi)
kuning-kuning (plural)
kuningku (first-person informal possessive)
kuningmu (possessive second-person)
kuningnya (possessive third-person)


biru

From Proto-Malayic *biru, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)biʀaw.


biru

biru (Jawi spelling بيرو, plural biru-biru, informal 1st possessive biruku, 2nd possessive birumu, 3rd possessive birunya)

بيرو (Jawi)
biru-biru (plural)
biruku (first-person informal possessive)
birumu (possessive second-person)
birunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: biru


ayah

ayah (Jawi spelling ايه, plural ayah-ayah, informal 1st possessive ayahku, 2nd possessive ayahmu, 3rd possessive ayahnya)

ايه (Jawi)
ayah-ayah (plural)
ayahku (first-person informal possessive)
ayahmu (possessive second-person)
ayahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ayah

Peranakan Indonesian: ajah

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aya (“father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband”), from Proto-Austronesian *aya.

inh

ayah Daniel

(formal, polite) A father (male parent).


basah

From Proto-Malayic *basəh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *basəq (“wet; wash clothes”) or Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-baseq (“wet, moist, damp”), from Proto-Austronesian *baseq (“wash clothes”).

wet (of an object: covered with or impregnated with liquid)


angin

ms-noun

angin (Jawi spelling اڠين, informal 1st possessive anginku, 2nd possessive anginmu, 3rd possessive anginnya)

اڠين (Jawi)
anginku (first-person informal possessive)
anginmu (possessive second-person)
anginnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: angin

From Proto-Malayic *aŋin, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aŋin, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aŋin, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haŋin, from Proto-Austronesian *haŋin.


gajah

gajah (Jawi spelling ݢاجه, plural gajah-gajah, informal 1st possessive gajahku, 2nd possessive gajahmu, 3rd possessive gajahnya)

ݢاجه (Jawi)
gajah-gajah (plural)
gajahku (first-person informal possessive)
gajahmu (possessive second-person)
gajahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: gajah

→ Bikol Central: gadyâ

→ Cebuano: gadyâ

→ Maguindanao: gajah

→ Tagalog: gadya

→ Tausug: gadja

Borrowed from Sanskrit गज (gaja). Partially displaced liman.


autopsi

From English autopsy, from New Latin autopsia, from Ancient Greek αὐτοψία (autopsía, “seeing with one's own eyes”).

der

autopsy (a dissection performed on a cadaver)


geografi

From English geography, via Latin and French, from Ancient Greek γεωγραφία (geōgraphía), from γῆ (gê, “earth”) + γράφω (gráphō, “write”).

geography (study of physical structure and inhabitants of the Earth)


obstetrik

ms-noun

obstetrik (Jawi spelling اوبستيتريک, informal 1st possessive obstetrikku, 2nd possessive obstetrikmu, 3rd possessive obstetriknya)

اوبستيتريک (Jawi)
obstetrikku (first-person informal possessive)
obstetrikmu (possessive second-person)
obstetriknya (possessive third-person)


putu

putu (informal 1st possessive putuku, 2nd possessive putumu, 3rd possessive putunya)

putuku (first-person informal possessive)
putumu (possessive second-person)
putunya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: putu (inherited)

Borrowed from Tamil புட்டு (puṭṭu, “puttu”).

bor+

A general term for a number of kuihs made out of rice flour.


kapten

ms-noun

kapten (Jawi spelling کڤتن, plural kapten-kapten, informal 1st possessive kaptenku, 2nd possessive kaptenmu, 3rd possessive kaptennya)

کڤتن (Jawi)
kapten-kapten (plural)
kaptenku (first-person informal possessive)
kaptenmu (possessive second-person)
kaptennya (possessive third-person)

From English captain, from Middle English capitain, capteyn, from Old French capitaine, from Late Latin capitāneus, from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-. Doublet of kapitan.

(military) An army or air force officer whose rank is higher than that of a lieutenant but lower than that of a major.

(military) A naval officer whose rank is higher than that of a commander but lower than that of a commodore.

(aviation) The first officer or co-pilot of an aircraft.


kes

kés (Jawi spelling کيس, plural kes-kes, informal 1st possessive kesku, 2nd possessive kesmu, 3rd possessive kesnya)

kés (canonical)
کيس (Jawi)
kes-kes (plural)
kesku (first-person informal possessive)
kesmu (possessive second-person)
kesnya (possessive third-person)

From English case, from Middle English cas, from Old French cas (“an event”), from Latin cāsus (“a falling, a fall; accident, event, occurrence; occasion, opportunity; noun case”).

der

(medicine) an instance of a specific condition or set of symptoms.


kudeta

ms-noun

kudeta (Jawi spelling کوديتا, plural kudeta-kudeta, informal 1st possessive kudetaku, 2nd possessive kudetamu, 3rd possessive kudetanya)

کوديتا (Jawi)
kudeta-kudeta (plural)
kudetaku (first-person informal possessive)
kudetamu (possessive second-person)
kudetanya (possessive third-person)

Ultimately from French coup d’État (literally “stroke (or blow) of state”).


mentol

ms-noun

mentol (informal 1st possessive mentolku, 2nd possessive mentolmu, 3rd possessive mentolnya)

mentolku (first-person informal possessive)
mentolmu (possessive second-person)
mentolnya (possessive third-person)


vokal

From Dutch vocaal (“vowel”), from Latin vōcālis.


tulang

tulang (Jawi spelling تولڠ, plural tulang-tulang, informal 1st possessive tulangku, 2nd possessive tulangmu, 3rd possessive tulangnya)

تولڠ (Jawi)
tulang-tulang (plural)
tulangku (first-person informal possessive)
tulangmu (possessive second-person)
tulangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tulang

From Proto-Malayic *tulaŋ (compare Indonesian tulang), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqəlaŋ, *tuqəlan (compare Bau Bidayuh turang, Chamorro to'lang, Bakung turang), from Proto-Austronesian *CuqəlaN.


politikus

politikus (Jawi spelling ڤوليتيکوس, plural politikus-politikus, informal 1st possessive politikusku, 2nd possessive politikusmu, 3rd possessive politikusnya)

ڤوليتيکوس (Jawi)
politikus-politikus (plural)
politikusku (first-person informal possessive)
politikusmu (possessive second-person)
politikusnya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch politicus, from Latin polīticus, from Ancient Greek πολιτικός (politikós). First attested directly as politicus in the Kitab Vortaro in 1923.
The derogatory sense of this word is derived from another word, tikus (“mouse”), implying that the mentioned politician is a coward.

polikatak

frog politician, a politician who jumps to another party

(derogatory, politics, slang) corrupt or unpopular politician


maktab

maktab (Jawi spelling مکتب, plural maktab-maktab, informal 1st possessive maktabku, 2nd possessive maktabmu, 3rd possessive maktabnya)

مکتب (Jawi)
maktab-maktab (plural)
maktabku (first-person informal possessive)
maktabmu (possessive second-person)
maktabnya (possessive third-person)

→ Indonesian: maktab

From Arabic مَكْتَب (maktab), from the root ك ت ب (k-t-b).


sarapan

sarapan (Jawi spelling سارڤن, plural sarapan-sarapan, informal 1st possessive sarapanku, 2nd possessive sarapanmu, 3rd possessive sarapannya)

سارڤن (Jawi)
sarapan-sarapan (plural)
sarapanku (first-person informal possessive)
sarapanmu (possessive second-person)
sarapannya (possessive third-person)


BN

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Barisan Nasional (“National Front”).


SPM

SPM (plural SPM-SPM, informal 1st possessive SPMku, 2nd possessive SPMmu, 3rd possessive SPMnya)

SPM-SPM (plural)
SPMku (first-person informal possessive)
SPMmu (possessive second-person)
SPMnya (possessive third-person)

Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia
w:ms:Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia

(Malaysia, education) Initialism of Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (“Malaysian Certificate of Education”).


malaikat

malaikat (Jawi spelling ملائکة, plural malaikat-malaikat, informal 1st possessive malaikatku, 2nd possessive malaikatmu, 3rd possessive malaikatnya)

ملائکة (Jawi)
malaikat-malaikat (plural)
malaikatku (first-person informal possessive)
malaikatmu (possessive second-person)
malaikatnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: malaikat

From Arabic مَلَائِكَة (malāʔika), the plural of مَلْأَك (malʔak).


halia

halia (Jawi spelling هليا, plural halia-halia, informal 1st possessive haliaku, 2nd possessive haliamu, 3rd possessive halianya)

هليا (Jawi)
halia-halia (plural)
haliaku (first-person informal possessive)
haliamu (possessive second-person)
halianya (possessive third-person)

Baba Malay: alia

Indonesian: halia

→ Tok Pisin: kalia

zh-l

河蓮／河莲 (hô-liân)

→ Min Nan: 河蓮／河莲 (hô-liân)

From Proto-Malayic *halia by metathesis from earlier variant *lahia, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laqia (“ginger”).

Zingiber officinale
Zingiber officinale#Translingual


kubus

ms-noun

kubus (Jawi spelling کوبوس, plural kubus-kubus, informal 1st possessive kubusku, 2nd possessive kubusmu, 3rd possessive kubusnya)

کوبوس (Jawi)
kubus-kubus (plural)
kubusku (first-person informal possessive)
kubusmu (possessive second-person)
kubusnya (possessive third-person)


bau

bau (Jawi spelling باءو, plural bau-bau, informal 1st possessive bauku, 2nd possessive baumu, 3rd possessive baunya)

باءو (Jawi)
bau-bau (plural)
bauku (first-person informal possessive)
baumu (possessive second-person)
baunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bau

From Proto-Malayic *bau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahu, *bahuq.


istana

istana (Jawi spelling ايستان, plural istana-istana, informal 1st possessive istanaku, 2nd possessive istanamu, 3rd possessive istananya)

ايستان (Jawi)
istana-istana (plural)
istanaku (first-person informal possessive)
istanamu (possessive second-person)
istananya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit आस्थान (āsthāna). Doublet of astana.


jari telunjuk

جاري تلونجوق

jari telunjuk (Jawi spelling جاري تلونجوق, plural jari-jari telunjuk, informal 1st possessive jari telunjukku, 2nd possessive jari telunjukmu, 3rd possessive jari telunjuknya)

جاري تلونجوق (Jawi)
jari-jari telunjuk (plural)
jari telunjuk ku (first-person informal possessive)
jari telunjuk mu (possessive second-person)
jari telunjuk nya (possessive third-person)

Compound of jari (“finger”) + telunjuk (“affixation of tunjuk (“to point”) + -el-”).

com+

(anatomy) The forefinger or index finger (first finger next to the thumb).


KDB

(Brunei, military, nautical) Kapal Diraja Brunei; The designation of ships in the Royal Brunei Navy of Brunei.


fresko

ms-noun

fresko (Jawi spelling فريسکو, plural fresko-fresko, informal 1st possessive freskoku, 2nd possessive freskomu, 3rd possessive freskonya)

فريسکو (Jawi)
fresko-fresko (plural)
freskoku (first-person informal possessive)
freskomu (possessive second-person)
freskonya (possessive third-person)


tuas

tuas (Jawi spelling تواس, plural tuas-tuas, informal 1st possessive tuasku, 2nd possessive tuasmu, 3rd possessive tuasnya)

تواس (Jawi)
tuas-tuas (plural)
tuasku (first-person informal possessive)
tuasmu (possessive second-person)
tuasnya (possessive third-person)


tapai

tapai (Jawi spelling تاڤاي, plural tapai-tapai, informal 1st possessive tapaiku, 2nd possessive tapaimu, 3rd possessive tapainya)

تاڤاي (Jawi)
tapai-tapai (plural)
tapaiku (first-person informal possessive)
tapaimu (possessive second-person)
tapainya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapay (“fermented [food]”), from Proto-Austronesian *tapaJ (“fermented [food]”).

inh

(cooking) tapai: a traditional Asian food made from fermented carbohydrate, such as rice or cassava.


lelaki

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Madurese lalake, Tagalog lalaki); Partial reduplication of laki.

male (belonging or referring to the sex having the smaller gametes (of humans))


negara

ms-noun

negara (Jawi spelling نݢارا, plural negara-negara, informal 1st possessive negaraku, 2nd possessive negaramu, 3rd possessive negaranya)

نݢارا (Jawi)
negara-negara (plural)
negaraku (first-person informal possessive)
negaramu (possessive second-person)
negaranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: negara
→ English: negara

Borrowed from Sanskrit नगर (nagara, “city”).


gunting

gunting (Jawi spelling ݢونتيڠ, plural gunting-gunting, informal 1st possessive guntingku, 2nd possessive guntingmu, 3rd possessive guntingnya)

ݢونتيڠ (Jawi)
gunting-gunting (plural)
guntingku (first-person informal possessive)
guntingmu (possessive second-person)
guntingnya (possessive third-person)

Maranao: gonting

Mansaka: gonting

Blust (2010-2020) posits that, "The history of this word is still obscure. It is almost certainly a loan from some non-Austronesian source, and its distribution in most languages, including all those of the Philippines and eastern Indonesia, probably is a product of borrowing from Malay. However, it is also found in Old Javanese texts that are centuries old, and its application to terms in carpentry (Bikol) and house construction (Asilulu) raises questions about a possible earlier meaning that was later transferred to scissors once these were introduced.
Despite the improbability of it being native, Dempwolff (1938) posited ‘Uraustronesisch’(Proto-Austronesian) *guntiŋ ‘scissors’, and Mills (1975) posited Proto-South Sulawesi *gun(tc)iŋ ‘shears; to cut’. (Blust posits that) The most likely source of this word, which shows irregular sound correspondences in several languages, is some southern form of Chinese, but this is yet to be confirmed. The use of scissors presumably spread widely within a short time because they offered a far more convenient means of cutting hair than was previously possible with the use of single straight blades, as with knives."

to cut something with scissors so as to create something; meN- + -kan

mengguntingkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

bergunting [stative

to have your hair cut, cut with scissors


fungsi

fungsi (Jawi spelling فوڠسي, plural fungsi-fungsi, informal 1st possessive fungsiku, 2nd possessive fungsimu, 3rd possessive fungsinya)

فوڠسي (Jawi)
fungsi-fungsi (plural)
fungsiku (first-person informal possessive)
fungsimu (possessive second-person)
fungsinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: fungsi

Borrowed from Dutch functie, ultimately from Latin functiō.

(mathematics) function (a relation in which each element of the domain is associated with exactly one element of the codomain)


banjir

head

banjir (Jawi spelling بنجير, plural banjir-banjir)

[bäɲ.d͡ʒɪː -d͡ʒeː -d͡ʒe̞ː]

From Javanese banjir. From Sanskrit [Term?].


sudu

ms-noun

sudu (Jawi spelling سودو, plural sudu-sudu, informal 1st possessive suduku, 2nd possessive sudumu, 3rd possessive sudunya)

سودو (Jawi)
sudu-sudu (plural)
suduku (first-person informal possessive)
sudumu (possessive second-person)
sudunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sudu (“spoon, ladle, scoop”). Cognate with Malagasy sotro and Javanese suru. Doublet of sodok and senduk (old form: sendok).

inh

Sudu kayu

spoon (scooped utensil for eating or serving)


beruang kutub

head

beruang kutub (Jawi spelling برواڠ قطب, plural beruang-beruang kutub)

برواڠ قطب (Jawi)
beruang-beruang kutub (plural)

Ursus maritimus
Ursus maritimus#Translingual


fizik

ms-noun

fizik (Jawi spelling فيزيک, informal 1st possessive fizikku, 2nd possessive fizikmu, 3rd possessive fiziknya)

فيزيک (Jawi)
fizikku (first-person informal possessive)
fizikmu (possessive second-person)
fiziknya (possessive third-person)


xilofon

xilofon (Jawi spelling زيلوفون, plural xilofon-xilofon, informal 1st possessive xilofonku, 2nd possessive xilofonmu, 3rd possessive xilofonnya)

زيلوفون (Jawi)
xilofon-xilofon (plural)
xilofonku (first-person informal possessive)
xilofonmu (possessive second-person)
xilofonnya (possessive third-person)


Betlehem

Borrowed from English Bethlehem or Dutch Bethlehem, both from Latin Bēthlehēmum or Bēthleëm, from Ancient Greek Βηθλεέμ (Bēthleém), from Hebrew בֵּית לֶחֶם (bet léchem, “house of bread”).

der

(usually in Christianity) Bethlehem (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


tisu

From English tissue, from Old French tissu (Modern French tissu), past participle of tistre, from Latin texere.

(biology) a group of cells similar in origin that function together to do a specific job.


sedih

menyedihkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


sektor

ms-noun

sektor (Jawi spelling سيکتور, plural sektor-sektor, informal 1st possessive sektorku, 2nd possessive sektormu, 3rd possessive sektornya)

سيکتور (Jawi)
sektor-sektor (plural)
sektorku (first-person informal possessive)
sektormu (possessive second-person)
sektornya (possessive third-person)

(geometry) Part of a circle, extending to the center; circular sector.

(military) An area designated by boundaries within which a unit operates, and for which it is responsible.


gigi

gigi (Jawi spelling ݢيݢي, plural gigi-gigi, informal 1st possessive gigiku, 2nd possessive gigimu, 3rd possessive giginya)

ݢيݢي (Jawi)
gigi-gigi (plural)
gigiku (first-person informal possessive)
gigimu (possessive second-person)
giginya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *gigi (compare Indonesian gigi).


Nusantara

نوسانتارا (Jawi)

Borrowed either from Javanese ꦤꦸꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ (Nusantara, “the islands, Indonesia”) or from Old Javanese nūsāntara (“the outer islands”). By surface analysis, blend of nusa + antara. Attested in a Malay Annals manuscript from 1808.

surface etymology

(geography) The Malay Archipelago; the islands comprising the countries of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysian Borneo, Papua New Guinea, and the Phillipines.

(Indonesia, geography) The Indonesian Archipelago; the islands comprising the country of Indonesia or the geographical groups which include its islands.


kaba

ms-noun

kaba (Jawi spelling کاب, plural kaba-kaba, informal 1st possessive kabaku, 2nd possessive kabamu, 3rd possessive kabanya)

کاب (Jawi)
kaba-kaba (plural)
kabaku (first-person informal possessive)
kabamu (possessive second-person)
kabanya (possessive third-person)

From Minangkabau kaba, from Arabic خَبَر (ḵabar, “news”). Doublet of khabar.

(literature) Minangkabau traditional literature in the form of rhythmic prose, simple sentences with 3-5 words so that it can be said rhythmically or sung, the theme of the story is various, such as heroism, adventure, consolation, and love stories.


kunyit

kunyit (Jawi spelling کوڽيت, plural kunyit-kunyit, informal 1st possessive kunyitku, 2nd possessive kunyitmu, 3rd possessive kunyitnya)

کوڽيت (Jawi)
kunyit-kunyit (plural)
kunyitku (first-person informal possessive)
kunyitmu (possessive second-person)
kunyitnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kunij. Compare Malay kuning (“yellow”).

(derogatory, LGBT, slang) a sissy, an effeminate man, a faggot


santan

santan (Jawi spelling سنتن, plural santan-santan, informal 1st possessive santanku, 2nd possessive santanmu, 3rd possessive santannya)

سنتن (Jawi)
santan-santan (plural)
santanku (first-person informal possessive)
santanmu (possessive second-person)
santannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: santan

→ Chinese: 參丹／参丹

→ Macanese: santám

→ Tagalog: santan

→ Tausug: santan

From Old Javanese santĕn (“coconut milk”), from Sanskrit सार (sāra, “essence”). Doublet of sara and sari.


abaka

abaka (Jawi spelling اباک, plural abaka-abaka, informal 1st possessive abakaku, 2nd possessive abakamu, 3rd possessive abakanya)

اباک (Jawi)
abaka-abaka (plural)
abakaku (first-person informal possessive)
abakamu (possessive second-person)
abakanya (possessive third-person)


perang

perang (Jawi spelling ڤرڠ, plural perang-perang, informal 1st possessive perangku, 2nd possessive perangmu, 3rd possessive perangnya)

ڤرڠ (Jawi)
perang-perang (plural)
perangku (first-person informal possessive)
perangmu (possessive second-person)
perangnya (possessive third-person)

war (conflict involving organized use of arms)


paman

paman (Jawi spelling راما, plural paman-paman, informal 1st possessive pamanku, 2nd possessive pamanmu, 3rd possessive pamannya)

راما (Jawi)
paman-paman (plural)
pamanku (first-person informal possessive)
pamanmu (possessive second-person)
pamannya (possessive third-person)

From Javanese paman (“uncle”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paR-amax-en (“father”), from Proto-Austronesian *ama-h (“father”). Doublet of rama.

(colloquial) a form of address to persons that older than oneself


rakyat

rakyat (Jawi spelling رعيت, plural rakyat-rakyat, informal 1st possessive rakyatku, 2nd possessive rakyatmu, 3rd possessive rakyatnya)

رعيت (Jawi)
rakyat-rakyat (plural)
rakyatku (first-person informal possessive)
rakyatmu (possessive second-person)
rakyatnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: rakyat

→ English: rakyat


jata

jata (Jawi spelling جات, plural jata-jata, informal 1st possessive jataku, 2nd possessive jatamu, 3rd possessive jatanya)

جات (Jawi)
jata-jata (plural)
jataku (first-person informal possessive)
jatamu (possessive second-person)
jatanya (possessive third-person)

jata negara Malaysia


filologi

فيلولوݢي (Jawi)

From Dutch filologie, from Ancient Greek φιλολογία (philología) (with suffix logi).


fantasi

fantasi (Jawi spelling فنتاسي, plural fantasi-fantasi, informal 1st possessive fantasiku, 2nd possessive fantasimu, 3rd possessive fantasinya)

فنتاسي (Jawi)
fantasi-fantasi (plural)
fantasiku (first-person informal possessive)
fantasimu (possessive second-person)
fantasinya (possessive third-person)


fisiologi

fisiologi (Jawi spelling فيسيولوݢي, plural fisiologi-fisiologi, informal 1st possessive fisiologiku, 2nd possessive fisiologimu, 3rd possessive fisiologinya)

فيسيولوݢي (Jawi)
fisiologi-fisiologi (plural)
fisiologiku (first-person informal possessive)
fisiologimu (possessive second-person)
fisiologinya (possessive third-person)

From English physiology, from French physiologie, from Latin physiologia, from Ancient Greek φυσιολογία (phusiología).


Anwar

A male given name from Arabic, meaning “luminous”.


Harun

Borrowed from Arabic هَارُون (hārūn), from Biblical Hebrew אהרן (ʔahăron).

a male given name from Arabic [in turn from Biblical Hebrew], equivalent to English Aaron


salji

salji (Jawi spelling ثلجي, plural salji-salji, informal 1st possessive saljiku, 2nd possessive saljimu, 3rd possessive saljinya)

ثلجي (Jawi)
salji-salji (plural)
saljiku (first-person informal possessive)
saljimu (possessive second-person)
saljinya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic ثَلْج (ṯalj). Doublet of salju.

Salji tidak turun di kebanyakan negara Asia Tenggara.

It doesn't snow in most Southeast Asian countries.


salju

salju (Jawi spelling ثلجو, plural salju-salju, informal 1st possessive saljuku, 2nd possessive saljumu, 3rd possessive saljunya)

ثلجو (Jawi)
salju-salju (plural)
saljuku (first-person informal possessive)
saljumu (possessive second-person)
saljunya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic ثَلْج (ṯalj). Doublet of salji.


limpa

limpa (Jawi spelling ليمڤا, plural limpa-limpa, informal 1st possessive limpaku, 2nd possessive limpamu, 3rd possessive limpanya)

ليمڤا (Jawi)
limpa-limpa (plural)
limpaku (first-person informal possessive)
limpamu (possessive second-person)
limpanya (possessive third-person)


kadangkala

کادڠکالا (Jawi)


absolutisme

absolutisme (Jawi spelling ابسولوتيسمى, plural absolutisme-absolutisme, informal 1st possessive absolutismeku, 2nd possessive absolutismemu, 3rd possessive absolutismenya)

ابسولوتيسمى (Jawi)
absolutisme-absolutisme (plural)
absolutismeku (first-person informal possessive)
absolutismemu (possessive second-person)
absolutismenya (possessive third-person)

(political science, sociology) absolutism.


kaleng

kaleng (Jawi spelling کاليڠ, plural kaleng-kaleng, informal 1st possessive kalengku, 2nd possessive kalengmu, 3rd possessive kalengnya)

کاليڠ (Jawi)
kaleng-kaleng (plural)
kalengku (first-person informal possessive)
kalengmu (possessive second-person)
kalengnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kaleng

zh-l

含鑏／含𬬾 (kâⁿ-)

→ Min Nan: 含鑏／含𬬾 (kâⁿ-)

From Portuguese calaim via Dutch, from Arabic قَلَعِيّ (qalaʕiyy, “tin”); possibly also from association with and ellipsis of batu kalang (“layer of unmineable solid rock”).


Maret

From Dutch maart, from Latin mārtius, from earlier Mavors.

(Indonesia) March (third month of the Gregorian calendar)


tanjung

ms-noun

tanjung (Jawi spelling تنجوڠ, plural tanjung-tanjung, informal 1st possessive tanjungku, 2nd possessive tanjungmu, 3rd possessive tanjungnya)

تنجوڠ (Jawi)
tanjung-tanjung (plural)
tanjungku (first-person informal possessive)
tanjungmu (possessive second-person)
tanjungnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tanjung

→ Chinese: 丹戎 (Dānróng)

→ English: tanjung

→ Malagasy: tanjona


kakanda

kakanda (Jawi spelling ککندا, plural kakanda-kakanda, informal 1st possessive kakandaku, 2nd possessive kakandamu, 3rd possessive kakandanya)

ککندا (Jawi)
kakanda-kakanda (plural)
kakandaku (first-person informal possessive)
kakandamu (possessive second-person)
kakandanya (possessive third-person)


Mei

Borrowed from English May, from Middle English, from Old English, from Old French mai, from Latin māius, from Maia.

May (fifth month of the Gregorian calendar)


gitar

gitar (Jawi spelling ݢيتر, plural gitar-gitar, informal 1st possessive gitarku, 2nd possessive gitarmu, 3rd possessive gitarnya)

ݢيتر (Jawi)
gitar-gitar (plural)
gitarku (first-person informal possessive)
gitarmu (possessive second-person)
gitarnya (possessive third-person)

Selain mempersembahkan lagu-lagu yang jarang dimainkan, Konsert "Wings Rockestra" bakal menampilkan pemain gitar jemputan.

2013 March 27, “Pemain gitar Indonesia untuk Wings Rockestra [Indonesian guitarists for Wings Rockestra]”, in Astro Awani:

In addition to performing rarely played songs, the "Wings Rockestra" Concert will feature guest guitarists.


nirwana

nirwana (Jawi spelling نيروان, plural nirwana-nirwana, informal 1st possessive nirwanaku, 2nd possessive nirwanamu, 3rd possessive nirwananya)

نيروان (Jawi)
nirwana-nirwana (plural)
nirwanaku (first-person informal possessive)
nirwanamu (possessive second-person)
nirwananya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “nirvana”, literally “blown or put out, extinguished”).

bor

(Hinduism) extinction of the flame of life, dissolution, death or final emancipation from matter and re-union with the Supreme Spirit

शून्य शून्य#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) absolute extinction or annihilation (= शून्य (śūnya)) of individual existence or of all desires and passions


pankreas

ms-noun

pankreas (plural pankreas-pankreas, informal 1st possessive pankreasku, 2nd possessive pankreasmu, 3rd possessive pankreasnya)

pankreas-pankreas (plural)
pankreasku (first-person informal possessive)
pankreasmu (possessive second-person)
pankreasnya (possessive third-person)


anting-anting

anting-anting (plural anting-anting-anting-anting, informal 1st possessive anting-antingku, 2nd possessive anting-antingmu, 3rd possessive anting-antingnya)

anting-anting -anting-anting (plural)
anting-anting ku (first-person informal possessive)
anting-anting mu (possessive second-person)
anting-anting nya (possessive third-person)

→ Cebuano: anting-anting

desctree

→ Hiligaynon: antíng-ánting
→ English: anting-anting

Indonesian: anting-anting

→ Tagalog: anting-anting


tudung

ms-noun

tudung (Jawi spelling تودوڠ, plural tudung-tudung, informal 1st possessive tudungku, 2nd possessive tudungmu, 3rd possessive tudungnya)

تودوڠ (Jawi)
tudung-tudung (plural)
tudungku (first-person informal possessive)
tudungmu (possessive second-person)
tudungnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduŋ (“head cover, protection from sun or rain”).

inh

Lawanya tudung itu!


adi

From Classical Malay ادي (adi), from Javanese ꦲꦢꦶ (adi), from Old Javanese adi, adhi, ādi (“beginning; first, principal; excellent”), from Sanskrit आदि, अधि (ādi, adhi).

der

(chemistry) noble, related to inert elements of group 18 in the periodic table


inflasi

اينفلاسي (Jawi)

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Dutch inflatie.


asid

ms-noun

asid (Jawi spelling اسيد, plural asid-asid, informal 1st possessive asidku, 2nd possessive asidmu, 3rd possessive asidnya)

اسيد (Jawi)
asid-asid (plural)
asidku (first-person informal possessive)
asidmu (possessive second-person)
asidnya (possessive third-person)

→ Indonesian: asid

(chemistry, except Indonesia) (chemistry) acid

any of a class of water-soluble compounds, having sour taste, that turn blue litmus red, and react with some metals to liberate hydrogen, and with bases to form salts.

any compound that easily donates protons; a Brønsted acid

any compound that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond; a Lewis acid.


jadi

head

jadi (Jawi spelling جادي, used in the form menjadi)

Indonesian: jadi

→ Tagalog: yari ?

From Sanskrit जाति (jāti, “birth”). Doublet of jati and jelata.
Or probably cognate with Old Javanese dadi (“to become”) (compare Javanese ꦢꦢꦶ (dadi)).

menjadikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dijadikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

menjadi-jadi [reduplication + agent focus]

Beri saya wang, jadi saya dapat membeli sebuah buku komik

Dia mahukan sebuah buku, jadi dia pergi ke perpustakaan

He wanted a book, so he went to the library

(grammar) so (in order that, for that reason)


dulang

ms-noun

dulang (Jawi spelling دولڠ, plural dulang-dulang, informal 1st possessive dulangku, 2nd possessive dulangmu, 3rd possessive dulangnya)

دولڠ (Jawi)
dulang-dulang (plural)
dulangku (first-person informal possessive)
dulangmu (possessive second-person)
dulangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dulang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dulaŋ (“tray or low table”).


sisi

ms-noun

sisi (Jawi spelling سيسي, plural sisi-sisi, informal 1st possessive sisiku, 2nd possessive sisimu, 3rd possessive sisinya)

سيسي (Jawi)
sisi-sisi (plural)
sisiku (first-person informal possessive)
sisimu (possessive second-person)
sisinya (possessive third-person)

Segi tiga mempunyai tiga sisi


عادت

عادت (Rumi spelling adat, plural عادت-عادت or عادت۲, informal 1st possessive عادتکو, 2nd possessive عادتمو, 3rd possessive عادتڽ)

adat (Rumi)
عادت-عادت (plural)
عادت۲ (plural)
عادتکو (first-person informal possessive)
عادتمو (possessive second-person)
عادتڽ (possessive third-person)

desc

English: adat (“traditional Malay custom”)

Iban: adat

Indonesian: adat

From Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda, “habit, custom”), from the verb عَوْدَ (ʕawda, “to appurtain, to be proper”).

custom (Frequent repetition of the same act)


dagu

ms-noun

dagu (Jawi spelling داݢو, plural dagu-dagu, informal 1st possessive daguku, 2nd possessive dagumu, 3rd possessive dagunya)

داݢو (Jawi)
dagu-dagu (plural)
daguku (first-person informal possessive)
dagumu (possessive second-person)
dagunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dagu


kapitalisme

kapitalisme (Jawi spelling کاڤيتاليسمى, informal 1st possessive kapitalismeku, 2nd possessive kapitalismemu, 3rd possessive kapitalismenya)

کاڤيتاليسمى (Jawi)
kapitalismeku (first-person informal possessive)
kapitalismemu (possessive second-person)
kapitalismenya (possessive third-person)


tenaga

tenaga (Jawi spelling تناݢ, plural tenaga-tenaga, informal 1st possessive tenagaku, 2nd possessive tenagamu, 3rd possessive tenaganya)

تناݢ (Jawi)
tenaga-tenaga (plural)
tenagaku (first-person informal possessive)
tenagamu (possessive second-person)
tenaganya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit तानयति (tānayati, “to extend, to expand”).


debu

ms-noun

debu (Jawi spelling دبو, plural debu-debu, informal 1st possessive debuku, 2nd possessive debumu, 3rd possessive debunya)

دبو (Jawi)
debu-debu (plural)
debuku (first-person informal possessive)
debumu (possessive second-person)
debunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: debu


ekor

ekor (Jawi spelling ايکور, plural ekor-ekor, informal 1st possessive ekorku, 2nd possessive ekormu, 3rd possessive ekornya)

ايکور (Jawi)
ekor-ekor (plural)
ekorku (first-person informal possessive)
ekormu (possessive second-person)
ekornya (possessive third-person)

From ikur, from Proto-Malayic *ikur, *ikuŋ (compare Brunei Malay ekong, Indonesian ekor, Minangkabau ikua), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuʀ, *ikuŋ (compare Acehnese iku, Balinese ikut, Buginese ikkoʔ), from Proto-Austronesian *ikuʀ.


ginjal

ginjal (Jawi spelling ݢينجل, plural ginjal-ginjal, informal 1st possessive ginjalku, 2nd possessive ginjalmu, 3rd possessive ginjalnya)

ݢينجل (Jawi)
ginjal-ginjal (plural)
ginjalku (first-person informal possessive)
ginjalmu (possessive second-person)
ginjalnya (possessive third-person)


palu

palu (Jawi spelling ڤالو, plural palu-palu, informal 1st possessive paluku, 2nd possessive palumu, 3rd possessive palunya)

ڤالو (Jawi)
palu-palu (plural)
paluku (first-person informal possessive)
palumu (possessive second-person)
palunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *palu (“to hammer, to hit with a hard implement”), from Proto-Austronesian *palu (“to hammer, pound, hit”). Cognate with Tagalog palo and Javanese palu.

inh

Palu besi


karbon

Borrowed from English carbon, from French carbone.


monogami

ms-noun

monogami (Jawi spelling مونوݢامي, plural monogami-monogami, informal 1st possessive monogamiku, 2nd possessive monogamimu, 3rd possessive monogaminya)

مونوݢامي (Jawi)
monogami-monogami (plural)
monogamiku (first-person informal possessive)
monogamimu (possessive second-person)
monogaminya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch monogamie, from French monogamie.


fosil

fosil (Jawi spelling فوسيل, plural fosil-fosil, informal 1st possessive fosilku, 2nd possessive fosilmu, 3rd possessive fosilnya)

فوسيل (Jawi)
fosil-fosil (plural)
fosilku (first-person informal possessive)
fosilmu (possessive second-person)
fosilnya (possessive third-person)


se-

From se, shortened form of esa, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa. Compare Tagalog sang-.


agogo

agogo (Jawi spelling اݢوݢو, plural agogo-agogo, informal 1st possessive agogoku, 2nd possessive agogomu, 3rd possessive agogonya)

اݢوݢو (Jawi)
agogo-agogo (plural)
agogoku (first-person informal possessive)
agogomu (possessive second-person)
agogonya (possessive third-person)


petang

petang (Jawi spelling ڤتڠ, plural petang-petang, informal 1st possessive petangku, 2nd possessive petangmu, 3rd possessive petangnya)

ڤتڠ (Jawi)
petang-petang (plural)
petangku (first-person informal possessive)
petangmu (possessive second-person)
petangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pêtang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pətəŋ, compare Javanese peteng.

afternoon (part of the day between noon and evening)


tombak

tombak (Jawi spelling تومبق, plural tombak-tombak, informal 1st possessive tombakku, 2nd possessive tombakmu, 3rd possessive tombaknya)

تومبق (Jawi)
tombak-tombak (plural)
tombakku (first-person informal possessive)
tombakmu (possessive second-person)
tombaknya (possessive third-person)


tetas

Indonesian: tetas

From Proto-Austronesian *tastas (“sever, cut through, rip out stitches”).

inh

menetaskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditetaskan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

(transitive, sewing) to unstitch; to rip out (the seams of a garment)


Zuhrah

Borrowed from Arabic الزُّهَرَة (az-zuhara).

bor+

(astronomy) Venus (the second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♀)


sadisme

ms-noun

sadisme (Jawi spelling ساديسمى, plural sadisme-sadisme, informal 1st possessive sadismeku, 2nd possessive sadismemu, 3rd possessive sadismenya)

ساديسمى (Jawi)
sadisme-sadisme (plural)
sadismeku (first-person informal possessive)
sadismemu (possessive second-person)
sadismenya (possessive third-person)


mitos

mitos (Jawi spelling ميتوس, plural mitos-mitos, informal 1st possessive mitosku, 2nd possessive mitosmu, 3rd possessive mitosnya)

ميتوس (Jawi)
mitos-mitos (plural)
mitosku (first-person informal possessive)
mitosmu (possessive second-person)
mitosnya (possessive third-person)

From English mythos, from Latin mythos, from Ancient Greek μῦθος (mûthos).


kelim

kelim (Jawi spelling کليم, plural kelim-kelim, informal 1st possessive kelimku, 2nd possessive kelimmu, 3rd possessive kelimnya)

کليم (Jawi)
kelim-kelim (plural)
kelimku (first-person informal possessive)
kelimmu (possessive second-person)
kelimnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kelim

(sewing) seam (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)


institut

institut (Jawi spelling اينستيتوت, plural institut-institut, informal 1st possessive institutku, 2nd possessive institutmu, 3rd possessive institutnya)

اينستيتوت (Jawi)
institut-institut (plural)
institutku (first-person informal possessive)
institutmu (possessive second-person)
institutnya (possessive third-person)

From English institute, from French institut, from Middle French, from Latin īnstitūtum.

(education) an institution of learning; a college, especially for technical subjects.


peranakan

peranakan (Jawi spelling ڤرانقن, plural peranakan-peranakan, informal 1st possessive peranakanku, 2nd possessive peranakanmu, 3rd possessive peranakannya)

ڤرانقن (Jawi)
peranakan-peranakan (plural)
peranakanku (first-person informal possessive)
peranakanmu (possessive second-person)
peranakannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: peranakan

→ Central Melanau: peranakan

→ Dutch: peranakan


asam

* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaləsəm.


asam

asam (Jawi spelling اسم, plural asam-asam, informal 1st possessive asamku, 2nd possessive asammu, 3rd possessive asamnya)

اسم (Jawi)
asam-asam (plural)
asamku (first-person informal possessive)
asammu (possessive second-person)
asamnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: asam

→ Min Nan: 亞森／亚森 (a-som, “tamarind”)

asam garam


pisau

pisau (Jawi spelling ڤيساو, plural pisau-pisau, informal 1st possessive pisauku, 2nd possessive pisaumu, 3rd possessive pisaunya)

ڤيساو (Jawi)
pisau-pisau (plural)
pisauku (first-person informal possessive)
pisaumu (possessive second-person)
pisaunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pisau

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pisaw (“kind of knife or machete”) reconstructed by Robert Blust. He included several reflexes in Oceanic languages (cf. Bola viso (“knife”) and Nakanai la-viso (“knife”)).


lauk

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahuk (“mixed, as foods”).


siamang

ms-noun

siamang (Jawi spelling سيامڠ, plural siamang-siamang, informal 1st possessive siamangku, 2nd possessive siamangmu, 3rd possessive siamangnya)

سيامڠ (Jawi)
siamang-siamang (plural)
siamangku (first-person informal possessive)
siamangmu (possessive second-person)
siamangnya (possessive third-person)

→ English: siamang

→ Finnish: siamanki

(zoology) siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus)


siamang

siamang (Jawi spelling سيامڠ, informal 1st possessive siamangku, 2nd possessive siamangmu, 3rd possessive siamangnya)

سيامڠ (Jawi)
siamangku (first-person informal possessive)
siamangmu (possessive second-person)
siamangnya (possessive third-person)


astaghfirullah

From Arabic أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللّٰهَ (ʔastaḡfiru llāha, “I seek forgiveness from God”).

bor

أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللّٰهَ

(Islam, literally) a prayer seeking for forgiveness from God.