anu

ms-noun

anu (Jawi spelling انو, plural anu-anu, informal 1st possessive anuku, 2nd possessive anumu, 3rd possessive anunya)

انو (Jawi)
anu-anu (plural)
anuku (first-person informal possessive)
anumu (possessive second-person)
anunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a-nu, from Proto-Austronesian *-nu.

si anu

hajat anu

Someone or something whose name is not mentioned (on purpose, due to forgetting, etc.).


teman

teman (Jawi spelling تمن, plural teman-teman, informal 1st possessive temanku, 2nd possessive temanmu, 3rd possessive temannya)

تمن (Jawi)
teman-teman (plural)
temanku (first-person informal possessive)
temanmu (possessive second-person)
temannya (possessive third-person)

friend (person whose company one enjoys)


itu

From Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu. Compare Tagalog ito (“this”).


saya

Indonesian: saya

North Moluccan Malay: saya

From Sanskrit सहाय (sahāya, “follower”).


kami

Indonesian: kami

From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

kau-

informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger

we, us, our (exclusive of the person spoken to)


sy

(informal, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of saya (“I”).


dia

Ambonese Malay: dia

Betawi: dia

Indonesian: dia

Cognate with ia, -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ia, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia.

Dia adik lelaki saya.

Genderless third person pronoun; he, she, it.


ia

head

ia (Jawi spelling اي, cliticized form -nya)

From Proto-Malayic *ia, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia.

Ia merupakan Perdana Menteri Kanada.

Genderless third person pronoun; he, she, they.


aku

From Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.
First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (aku).

Aku orang itu.


kita

Indonesian: kita

desc

Manado Malay: (first person singular personal pronoun) kita (“I”)

North Moluccan Malay: (first person singular personal pronoun) kita (“I”)

From Proto-Malayic *kita(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kita, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kita.

we, us, our (inclusive of the person spoken to)


hang

(informal, Kedah, Penang, Perlis) The person being spoken to; you.


beta

ms-noun

beta (Jawi spelling بيتا, plural beta-beta, informal 1st possessive betaku, 2nd possessive betamu, 3rd possessive betanya)

بيتا (Jawi)
beta-beta (plural)
betaku (first-person informal possessive)
betamu (possessive second-person)
betanya (possessive third-person)

beta (second letter of the Greek alphabet)


mu

Shortened form of kamu, from Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.


tu

Shortened form of itu, from Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu.

(colloquial) that (what is being indicated)


ini

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD. From Proto-Malayic *(i)ni(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)ni, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)ni.

this (known (thing) about to be mentioned)

this (known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience)


ini

this (The thing, item, etc. being indicated)


kawan

kawan (Jawi spelling کاون, plural kawan-kawan, informal 1st possessive kawanku, 2nd possessive kawanmu, 3rd possessive kawannya)

کاون (Jawi)
kawan-kawan (plural)
kawanku (first-person informal possessive)
kawanmu (possessive second-person)
kawannya (possessive third-person)


hamba

Indonesian: hamba

Borrowed from Sanskrit हम्भाय (hambhāya, “low”), compare to Sanskrit हंबतारा (haṃbatārā, “good man”).

cog

(dialectal, Kelantan-Pattani, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu) I (me, my).


engkau

From Proto-Malayic *kau(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i-kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *i-kaSu. The eng- component is epenthetical to avoid a monosyllabic pronunciation.


beliau

Indonesian: beliau

(honorific) he, she (someone highly respected or of high status)


kaula

(Javanese, possibly obsolete) I (me, my)


daku

Variant of aku, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.


kamu

From Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.
First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (kamu).


siapa

Indonesian: siapa

From Proto-Malayic *si-apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. May be analysed as si + apa (“what”).
Compare with Pangasinan siopa.

Siapa itu?

Ini baju siapa?


apa

Indonesian: apa

→ Min Nan: 啊吧 (a-pā)

From Proto-Malayic *apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa (compare Maori aha).

Ya apa tidak?


anda

From Indonesian Anda, from -anda, from -nda. Compare to Malagasy ianao and Ma'anyan hanyu.

Anda siapa?


ku

Shortened form of aku, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Kutahu.


yang mana

Baju yang mana mesti kupakai?


kau

Shortened form of engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.


Beta

A pronoun which is used by Malay royal sovereigns to refer to themselves.


bila

Bila dia gelak, dia mesti tersenyum lebar.

When he laughs, he always has a wide smile.

(proscribed) Alternative form of apabila.


sini

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD.


تو

Arabic spelling of tu (“that (what is being indicated)”)


تو

Arabic spelling of tu (“that (that thing)”)


apakah

Apakah nama buku yang kita baca malam semalam?

What is the name of the book that we read last night?

Apakah tujuan Ikmal sebenarnya?

2003, Nor Arlisa Irena Abu Bakar, Penulis buku politik Kelantan tiada agenda:

Interrogative pronoun used to inquire something about a certain thing; what.


kome

Synonym(s): kamu semua, korang, lu orang


kapan

> Indonesian: kapan (inherited)

From Javanese ꦏꦥꦤ꧀ (kapan), from Old Javanese kapan.


saudara

ms-noun

saudara (Jawi spelling ساودارا, plural saudara-saudara, informal 1st possessive saudaraku, 2nd possessive saudaramu, 3rd possessive saudaranya)

ساودارا (Jawi)
saudara-saudara (plural)
saudaraku (first-person informal possessive)
saudaramu (possessive second-person)
saudaranya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit सोदर (sodara, “brother from the same womb”).


kalian

Clipping of sekalian, equivalent to se- + kali + -an.

Kalian tengah buat apa sekarang?


patik

I, me, my (exclusive use to face royalties)


-nya

Indonesian: -nya

→ Petjo: -nja

From Proto-Malayic *ña, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.

Wah, cantiknya bunga ini!

(emphasis) as a stress to a word or sentence.


saudari

ms-noun

saudari (Jawi spelling ساوداري, plural saudari-saudari, informal 1st possessive saudariku, 2nd possessive saudarimu, 3rd possessive saudarinya)

ساوداري (Jawi)
saudari-saudari (plural)
saudariku (first-person informal possessive)
saudarimu (possessive second-person)
saudarinya (possessive third-person)


saudari

ساوداري (Jawi)


tuanku

توانکو (Jawi)

Daulat tuanku!


dikau

Variant of engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.


awak

awak (Jawi spelling اوق, plural awak-awak, informal 1st possessive awakku, 2nd possessive awakmu, 3rd possessive awaknya)

اوق (Jawi)
awak-awak (plural)
awakku (first-person informal possessive)
awakmu (possessive second-person)
awaknya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *awak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hawak, from Proto-Austronesian *Sawak (“waist”).

perawakan [causative passive + resultative

A group of people (often staff) manning and operating a large facility or piece of equipment such as a factory, ship, boat, aeroplane, or spacecraft.

(usually in compounds) crew;
A person in a crew.


awak

Indonesian: awak

Awak ada di mana sekarang?


dia orang

Calque of Hokkien 伊儂／伊侬 (i-lâng, “they; them; their”, literally “he/she people”). Originally Baba Malay. Compare kita orang and kau orang.


engkau orang

head

engkau orang (colloquial, incorrect usage for kalian)

Direct translation from Chinese 你们 (nǐmen) (you (plural)).


saudara-saudari

saudara + saudari. Both saudara and saudari is from Sanskrit.


kita orang

Manado Malay: torang

North Moluccan Malay: torang

Papuan Malay: kitorang

Calque of Hokkien 我儂／我侬 (góa-lâng, “we; us; our”, literally “me people”), in which kita is likely meant to be a first-person singular pronoun. Compare dia orang and kau orang, and also the development of French on (“we, person”).


kau orang

Calque of Hokkien 汝儂／汝侬 (lú-lâng, “you (plural)”, literally “you people”). Compare kita orang and dia orang.


-kau

Mereka akan membawakau.

Dia akan tinggal dengankau.

Tanah ini ialah tanahkau.


sahaya

From Sanskrit सहाय (sahāya, “follower”).


kau-

From kau, shortened form of engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.

Siapa yang kautanya?

Alternative form of kau when used in the passive voice.


ingsun

ايڠسون (Jawi)


manira

Indonesian: manira

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦤꦶꦫ (manira, “first person pronoun”).


pacal

Indonesian: pacal


kawula

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”).


apa-apa

Reduplicated form of apa, from Proto-Malayic *apa apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa apa.

Aku boleh makan apa-apa yang kau berikan kepadaku.

anything; whatever (any thing of any kind)


داکو

Variant of اکو, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.


اکو

From Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.


sesiapa

Sesiapa yang pergi ke tandas tanpa kebenaran cikgu akan dikenakan tindakan disiplin.

Whoever goes to the toilet without the teacher's permission will be given a punishment.

Senyum kepada sesiapa yang kamu jumpai.


siapa-siapa

Senyum kepada siapa-siapa yang kamu jumpai.


سسياڤا

سياڤا٢ سياڤا٢#Malay


لبو

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


-ڽ

From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.


baginda

بݢيندا (Jawi)

From Court Malay, Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya).

(royal) he, she (exclusive use in royalty)


diorang

Dan apa bila diorang soedah melihat bintang itoe, maka soekalah ija dengan kasoekaän yang amat besar.

1816, Indjil jang tersoerat oleh Mataj [Gospel of Matthew], FASAL JANG KA II, page 5:

And when they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceeding great joy.


barang siapa

[bäräŋ sʲäpə]

Barang siapa yang memakan donat sudah pasti akan melompat pada hari Ahad.

He who eats donuts shall surely jump on Sunday.


korang

Maksudnya korang dah boleh set date untuk bagitahu korang nak break.

2015, Skuad Terfaktab, Kitab Terfaktab: Konotasi Rasa: Kitab Terfaktab, Terfaktab Media, →ISBN:

What this means is that you can now set a date to say that you want a break.


کاڤن

ms-noun

کاڤن (plural کاڤن-کاڤن or کاڤن۲, informal 1st possessive کاڤنکو, 2nd possessive کاڤنمو, 3rd possessive کاڤنڽ)

کاڤن-کاڤن (plural)
کاڤن۲ (plural)
کاڤنکو (first-person informal possessive)
کاڤنمو (possessive second-person)
کاڤنڽ (possessive third-person)


Yang Berhormat

yang (“your”) + berhormat (“honourable”)


adakah

Adakah dia selamat?

Is he safe? (lit. "Is it the case that he is safe?")

Question pronoun used to inquire about the truth of a statement; "is it the case that".


awak semua

اوق سموا (Jawi)

Compound of awak (“you (singular)”) + semua (“all”).


sekalian

سکالين (Jawi)

Sekalian sedang membuat apa?


kaola

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “I”, literally “citizen, subject; servant”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”).

bor+

(Bahasa Dalam Brunei) the first person personal pronoun for

the Raja Isteri when addressing the Royal Family, Wazir-Wazir, Cheteria-Cheteria and Pengiran Pengiran Berteras;

the Royal Family, Wazir-Wazir, Cheteria-Cheteria, Pengiran-Pengiran, Pehin-Pehin Manteri and the common people when addressing the Pehin-Pehin Manteri

the common women when addressing the Cheteria-Cheteria and Pengiran-Pengiran;

the Female Pengiran-Pengiran when addressing the Royal Family, Wazir-Wazir, Cheteria-Cheteria and Pengiran-Pengiran.