abet

From Latin habitus (“habit, appearance”).


can

From Latin Latin canis. Cognate with Italian cane.


grass

From Late Latin crassus. Compare Italian grasso.


dia

head

dia m (feminine deja, masculine plural dia, feminine plural deje)

deja (feminine)
dia (masculine plural)
deje (feminine plural)

From Latin Diana, Roman goddess of the hunt and wild animals.


did

Akin to Italian dito, from Latin digitus.


sang

From Latin sanguis. Cognate to Catalan sang, French sang, Italian sangue, Piedmontese sangh, Romanian sânge, Spanish sangre.


mond

From Old Lombard mondo, mundo, from Latin mundus.


cœur

From Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.

còr

Novarese, Ticinese, Bregajòt and Poscjavin


elf

elf m (masculine plural elf, feminine singular elfa, feminine plural elfe)

elf (masculine plural)
elfa (feminine singular)
elfe (feminine plural)


libro

In questo nostro libro da tre guis è scrigiura:

1274, Bonvesin de la Riva, Libro de Tre Scrigiure:

In this book we deal with three types of writing:


bus

Akin to Italian buca, ultimately from Latin bucca, whence French French bouche.


aqua

Lombard: ègua, eigua, aigua

Gallo-Italic of Sicily: egua, eua


coeur

From Latin cor, from Proto-Italic *kord, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.


less

From Latin elixus. Compare Italian lesso (“boiled meat”).


vita

Dra nassion da l’omo, dra vita e dra morte,

From the tribe of the people, from the life and of the death,


liber

Akin to Italian libro, from Latin liber.


nos

From Latin nucem, accusative singular of nux (“nut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *knew-.


luna

Lombard: lüna, löna


dea

(Classical Milanese Orthography spelling) Alternative form of deja


acqua

From Latin aqua (“water”). Cognate with Italian acqua.


banca

From either Lombardic panch or Frankish.


banca

From Old Lombard panka, from Lombardic bank.


cul

Inherited from Latin cūlus (“anus”), from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-l-.

cüül

Ticinese and Western modern orthographies


filia

Lombard: fioeula

O madre e filia del saluatore

c. 1270, Pietro de Barsegapé, Sermon divin:


mes

From Latin mensis (“month”). Compare French mois, Italian mese, Portuguese mês, Romansch main, Spanish mes.


pes

Akin to Italian peso, from Latin pensum.


fen

Akin to Italian fieno, from Latin fenum.


client

client m (plural clientj, feminine clienta, plural feminine cliente or clientj)

clientj (plural)
clienta (feminine)
cliente (feminine plural)
clientj (feminine plural)

(Western orthographies) Alternative spelling of plural clientj

Alternative form of feminine plural cliente


Akin to Italian nano, ultimately from Greek νᾶνος.


torr

From Latin turris, turrem, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).


honor

Lombard: onor

Quest’ovra al so honor acomenzadha sia:


gat

gat m (masculine plural gatj, feminine singular gata, feminine plural gate)

gatj (masculine plural)
gata (feminine singular)
gate (feminine plural)

From Latin cattus ("cat"), cognate to Ligurian Italian gatto, Catalan and Piedmontese gat, Spanish gato.


inverno

inverno m (plural inverno, feminine inverna, feminine plural inverna)

inverno (plural)
inverna (feminine)
inverna (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin *hīnbernum, from Latin hībernum.


bosch

Akin to Italian bosco, of West Germanic origin. Compare English bush.


serpente

Lombard: serpent


mondo

Lombard: mond


balla

Possibly from Lombardic *palla or Frankish *ball.


stria

From Latin strīga, from strīx, from Ancient Greek στρίξ (stríx).


uss

Akin to Italian uscio, from Latin ostium.


anca

From Vulgar Latin *hanca, from Proto-Germanic *hankō (related to *ankijǭ (“joint, limb”)). Compare French hanche, English haunch.


paia

Akin to Italian paglia, from Latin palea.


querella

From Latin querella (“complaint”), from queror (“I lament, complaint”) (compare English quarrel).


dee

dee m (feminine deja, masculine plural dee, feminine plural deje)

deja (feminine)
dee (masculine plural)
deje (feminine plural)


vox

Lombard: vos


pura

Inherited from Latin pavor (“fear”), probably through Vulgar Latin *pavora, with gender change.


corp

From Latin corpus ("body"). Compare to Piedmontese còrp, Italian corpo, Spanish cuerpo, Catalan cos, French corps, Romanian corp, Friulian cuarp.


ingles

ingles m (feminine singular inglesa, masculine plural ingles, feminine plural inglese)

inglesa (feminine singular)
ingles (masculine plural)
inglese (feminine plural)


savon

Akin to French savon, older *sapon, of West Germanic origin. More at soap.


gatt

Akin to Italian gatto, from Late Latin cattus.


inferno

(Old Lombard) Alternative form of inverno (etymology 2)


oss

From Latin ossum, popular variant of os, ossis, from Proto-Italic *ōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), *h₂óst.


savor

Akin to Italian sapore, from Latin sapor. Compare also French saveur.


deja

deja f (masculine dia or dee, feminine plural deje, masculine plural dia or dee)

dia (masculine)
dee (masculine)
deje (feminine plural)
dia (masculine plural)
dee (masculine plural)


oli

From Latin oleum (“olive oil”), from Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion, “olive”).


rost

From Old French rostir, of West Germanic origin.


lett

From Latin lectus. Cognates include Italian letto and Spanish lecho.


mur

From Latin mūrus, from Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).


mont

From Latin mons. Cognates include Italian monte and French mont.


veder

Akin to Italian vetro, from Latin vitrum.


lov

From Latin lupus.
Cognate with Piedmontese luv, Ligurian lô, Venetan lovo, Emilian låuv, Friulian lôf, among others.


paradiso

(Old Lombard) Alternative form of paradix


duman

From earlier Late Latin locution dē māne (“of the early morning”), from dē + Latin māne, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (“to ripen, mature”). Compare
Ladino doman, Romansch damaun,
Italian domani, Sicilian dumani,
French demain.


ninfa

From Latin nympha or nymphe (“nymph”), from Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “young woman, nymph”).


colomba

From Latin columba. Compare French colombe or Italian colomba).

a traditional Italian Easter cake baked in the shape of a dove


asee

head

asee m (usually uncountable, invariable)

From Latin acētum, from aceō (“to be sour”).


sorella

From Latin soror, from a diminutive form or based on the model of fradell. Ultimately from Proto-Italic *swezōr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


cavall

Inherited from Latin caballus.
Akin to Italian cavallo.


magnà

(Classical Milanese orthography, usually uncountable) Alternative spelling of manjar


fagott

Akin to Italian fagotto, ultimately from Latin fascis.


ratt

Akin to Italian ratto, from Late Latin rattus, of West Germanic origin. Compare English rat.


manjar

From Vulgar Latin mandicāre, from Latin manducāre.


formai

Ultimately from Medieval Latin fōrmāticum. May have arrived via Piedmontese. Synonym and doublet of furmàcc, which was borrowed from Old French.


dizionari

From Latin dictiōnārium, cognate to Italian dizionario, French dictionnaire, Spanish diccionario and English English dictionary.


ors

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *orssos
Latin ursus
Lombard ors
Inherited from Latin ursus, from Proto-Italic *orssos.


testamento

E del nouo e del uedre testamento de Christe


cervell

Akin to Italian cervello, from Latin cerebrum.


mezz

From Latin medius. Cognates include Italian mezzo and Portuguese meio.


venter

From Latin venter. Akin to Italian ventre, French ventre etc.


onor

From Old Lombard honor, from Latin honōrem.


fung

Akin to Italian fungo, from Latin fungus.


scova

Akin to Italian scopa, from Latin scopæ.


força

From Late Latin fortia, from the neuter plural of Latin fortis.

Dà a mi força e ualor


fiol

Lombard: fioeul

Dra mort de Iesu Criste fiol de la regina.

From the death of Jesus Crist, son of the queen


anell

Akin to Italian anello, from Latin anulus.


frut

From Latin frūctus (“produce, product, yield; enjoyment; effect”).


estad

Akin to Italian estate, from Latin æstas.


pè

From Latin pes. Cognates include Italian piede and Spanish pie.


istoria

Lombard: storia


culata

From cul (“ass”), from Latin cūlus (“anus”).


matre

Lombard: mader


calepin

From Lombard Calepin, surname and nickname of Ambreus Calepin, the author of a popular 16th-century Latin dictionary.


clienta

head

clienta f (plural cliente or clientj, masculine client, masculine plural clientj)

cliente (plural)
clientj (plural)
client (masculine)
clientj (masculine plural)


vegg

vegg m (feminine singular veggia, masculine and feminine plural vegg)

veggia (feminine singular)
vegg (feminine masculine plural)

From Vulgar Latin veclus, from Latin vetulus.


patre

Lombard: pader, pare

desc

Gallo-Italic of Sicily: patr′, paddö, pà, pätri


lavor

From Latin labrum. Cognates include Italian labbro and French lèvre.


s·cèt

head

s·cèt m (feminine s·cèta, plural s·cècc)

From Gothic 𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐍃 (slaihts), from Proto-Germanic *slihtaz (“smooth”). Cognate with Italian schietto. The sense of "son" derived from the meaning "genuine" (i.e. of lawful parentage, not born out of wedlock).


cüü

(vulgar, anatomy) Spelling alternative of cul, buttock, arse


cudega

From Late Latin cutica, from Latin cutis. Compare Italian cotica, Venetan codega, coega.


büseca

Uncertain: possibly from Latin vēsīcula, diminutive of vēsīca (“bladder”). Cognate to Italian busecca.


pever

From Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).


süpa

From Latin suppa, from Proto-Germanic *supô.


üsmarin

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus#Translingual

Rosmarinus officinalis
Rosmarinus officinalis#Translingual

(botany, seasonings) rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus, syn. Rosmarinus officinalis)


nöd

Akin to Italian nodo, from Latin nodus. Compare French nœud.


röda

From Latin rota. Cognates include Italian ruota and Portuguese roda.


nocte

Lombard: nòtt


cumünicazziun

From Latin commūnicātiō (“imparting, communicating”), from commūnicō (“share, impart”).


cançon

Lombard: canzon


gioven

head

gioven m (feminine singular giovena, masculine (and Western feminine) plural gioven, Eastern feminine plural giovene)

giovena (feminine singular)
plural gioven (Western feminine masculine)
giovene (Eastern feminine plural)

From Latin iuvenem, juvenem, accusative of iuvenis (compare Catalan jove, French jeune, Galician xove, Italian giovane, Portuguese jovem, Spanish joven), from Proto-Italic *juwenis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁en-.


omo

Lombard: òmm


bagn

Inherited from Latin baneum, variant of balneum.


ovra

Quest’ovra al so honor acomenzadha sia:


dotor

From Latin doctor (“teacher, instructor”). Cognate with Italian dottore.


paradix

Lombard: paradis


segnior

From Latin senior, comparative of senex.

Patre Deo segnior veraxe;


martell

From Late Latin martellus, itself a diminutive of martulus, variant of Latin marculus, or alternatively based on malleus.


medaja

medaja f (plural medaje or medaj, diminutive medajin, augmentative medajon)

medaje (plural)
medaj (plural)
medajin (diminutive)
medajon (augmentative)


formenton

Akin to Italian frumento, from Latin frumentum.


pavon

pavon m (masculine plural pavon, feminine singular pavona, feminine plural pavone)

pavon (masculine plural)
pavona (feminine singular)
pavone (feminine plural)


cadrega

From Vulgar Latin cathégra (attested in Pompeiian inscriptions), variant of Latin cathedra (“seat”), from Ancient Greek κᾰθέδρᾱ (kăthédrā, “chair of a teacher, throne”), from κᾰτᾰ́ (kătắ, “down”) + ἕδρᾱ (hédrā, “seat”). Compare Piedmontese cadrega, Romansch chadregia, Ladin cariega, and Venetan carega.


rusca

From Early Medieval Latin rusca (“bark”).


loff

(Classical Milanese orthography) Alternative spelling of lov


furmàcc

From Old French formage, from Medieval Latin formāticum, from Latin formō, formāre, from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, form”). Synonym and doublet of formai.


aart

From Latin ars. Cognates include Italian arte and French art.


abecee

From the first three letters of the alphabet, a (“A”), be (“B”), ce (“C”).


ragn

Akin to Italian ragno, from Latin araneus.


canzon

From Old Lombard cançon, from Latin cantio.


azzal

Akin to Italian acciaio, ultimately from Latin acies. Compare Romansch atschal.


sogn

Akin to Italian sogno, from Latin somnium.


jalda

head

jalda f (feminine plural jalde, masculine singular jald, masculine plural jâld)

jalde (feminine plural)
jald (masculine singular)
jâld (masculine plural)


colomb

From Latin columbus. Compare Occitan colomb or French colombe).


póra

Inherited from Latin pavor (“fear”), probably through Vulgar Latin *pavora, with gender change.


veggia

veggia f (masculine singular vegg, masculine and feminine plural vegg)

vegg (masculine singular)
vegg (feminine masculine plural)

From Vulgar Latin veclus, from Latin vetulus.


pagura

Inherited from Latin pavor (“fear”), with the ending replaced by -ura and gender change.


lönesdé

From Latin Lūnae dīēs, variant of dīēs Lūnae (“day of the moon”).


martedé

From Latin Martis dīēs, variant of dīēs Martis (“day of Mars”).


mercoldé

From Latin Mercuriī diēs, variant of diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”).


giöedé

From Latin Iovis dīēs, variant of dīēs Iovis (“day of Jupiter”).


venerdé

From Latin Veneris diēs < diēs Veneris (“day of Venus”).


sàbot

From Latin sabbatum, from Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton), from Hebrew שבת (shabbat, “Sabbath”).


dümìnica

Borrowed from, or at least influenced by, Italian domenica.


uga

Inherited from Latin ūva. Akin to Italian uva.


ròda

From Latin rota (compare Italian ruota, Catalan roda, Spanish rueda), from Proto-Indo-European *Hret- (“to roll”).


lunedí

From Latin Lūnae dīēs, variant of dīēs Lūnae (“day of the Moon”).


venerdí

From Latin Veneris dīēs, variant of dīēs Veneris (“day of Venus”).


cazzoeula

→ Italian: cassoeula

From Medieval Latin cattia (“pan”), with the diminutive suffix -oeula. Cognate with French casserole and Italian casseruola.

(Classical Milanese orthography) A Lombard dish made from pork and cabbage.


cazzoeura

(Northwest Lombardy, Classical Milanese orthography) Alternative form of cazzoeula


scepp

From Lombardic kleb, from Proto-Germanic *klibą.
Sound /ʃ/ produced by Gallo-Romance double lenition (/kl/ > /t͡ʃ/ > /ʃ/).

boulder, mass of stone, cliff, elevation


jald

jald m (feminine jalda, masculine plural jâld, feminine plural jalde)

jalda (feminine)
jâld (masculine plural)
jalde (feminine plural)

From Latin galbinus, passed through Old French jalne.


jalde

jalde f (feminine singular jalda, masculine singular jald, masculine plural jâld)

jalda (feminine singular)
jald (masculine singular)
jâld (masculine plural)


jâld

jâld m (masculine singular jald, feminine singular jalda, feminine plural jalde)

jald (masculine singular)
jalda (feminine singular)
jalde (feminine plural)


jœbia

From Latin Jovia, variant of Iovis (“[day of] Jupiter”).


sciresa

From Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin.


persegh

From Latin persicum (“peach”, literally “fruit from Persia”). Compare French pêche.


magiostra

Of uncertain origin. Popularly associated with masg, magg (“May”, i.e. the period when the fruit ripens), but more likely to be derived from a Gaulish *majoþa. Compare Occitan majofa, Catalan maduixa.


fregg

tlb

(New Lombard Orthography, Classical Milanese orthography)

Inherited from Latin frīgidus (“cold”) (through a syncopated Vulgar Latin or Late Latin form frigdus, fricdus, attested in the Appendix Probi, or fridus, found in a Pompeian inscription), itself from frīgeō (“to be cold”), from frīgus (“cold, coldness”), from Proto-Indo-European *sriHgos-, *sriges-, *sriHges-.


giovena

head

giovena f (masculine singular gioven, masculine (and Western feminine) plural gioven, Eastern feminine plural giovene)

gioven (masculine singular)
plural gioven (Western feminine masculine)
giovene (Eastern feminine plural)

From Latin iuvenem, juvenem, accusative of iuvenis (compare Catalan jove, French jeune, Galician xove, Italian giovane, Portuguese jovem, Spanish joven), from Proto-Italic *juwenis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁en-.


borlanda

Likely related to borlà (“to fall down”).

waste liquor (from the distillation of fermented alcoholic must)


aneda

From Latin anas. Cognates include Italian anatra and Spanish ánade.


clientj

alternative form of feminine plural cliente


reuda

wheel (a circular device capable of rotating on its axis)

cartwheel (a gymnastic maneuver whereby the gymnast rotates to one side)


euv

Inherited from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum. Compare Italian uovo.


visin

Akin to Italian vicino, from Latin vicinus.


nevod

nevod m (plural masculine nevodj, singular feminine nevoda, plural feminine nevode)

nevodj (masculine plural)
nevoda (feminine singular)
nevode (feminine plural)


dr.a

Abbreviation of dotora (“female doctor”).


mòsca

Akin to Italian mosca, from Latin musca.


cögh

Akin to Italian cuoco, from Latin coquus.


cör

Akin to cuore, from Latin cor. Compare French cœur


cusinna

Akin to cucina, from Late Latin coquina.


giögh

From Latin iocus. Cognates include Italian gioco and French jeu.


giesa

From Late Latin ecclesia. Cognates include Italian chiesa and Spanish iglesia.


fasoeul

Akin to fagiolo, older *fas(e)olo, from Latin phaseolus.


pèll

From Latin pellis. Cognates include Italian pelle and French peau.


fioeul

From Latin fīliolus, diminutive of fīlius.


foeugh

Akin to Italian fuoco, from Latin focus.


brugna

Akin to Italian prugna, from Latin prunum.


ciav

From Latin clavis. Compare Portuguese chave and Venetan ciave.


foeuja

Akin to Italian foglia, from Latin folium.


forbes

Akin to Italian forbici, from Latin forfex.


göba

Akin to Italian gobba, from Latin gibbus.


fidegh

Akin to Italian fegato, from Latin ficus.


guggia

From Late Latin acūcula (see there for cognates), a diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”).


usell

Akin to Italian uccello, ultimately from Latin avis.


ongia

Akin to Italian unghia, ultimately from Latin unguis.


nöra

From Vulgar Latin *nŏra, from Late Latin nura, from Classical Latin nurus.


gombet

From Latin cubitum, from cubō (“I lie down, recline”).


miee

Maybe akin to Italian moglie, from Latin mulier.


nemis

Akin to Italian nemici, ultimately from Latin inimicus.


pezz

Akin to Italian pezzo, from Late Latin, of problematic origin.


pèttin

Akin to Italian pettine, from Latin pecten.


pozz

Akin to Italian pozzo, from Latin puteus.


bisogn

Akin to Italian bisogno and French besoin, of West Germanic origin.


estaa

Akin to Italian estate, from Latin æstas.


çitâ

Inherited from Late Latin cīvitātem (“city”).


paes

From Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”), from Latin pāgus (“village; district”). Compare Catalan país, Italian paese, Portuguese país, Spanish país, Venetan pajès, Friulian paîs, Istriot and Piedmontese pais, Sicilian pajisi.


còrp

From Latin corpus ("body"). Compare to Piedmontese còrp, Italian corpo, Spanish cuerpo, Catalan cos, French corps, Romanian corp, Friulian cuarp.


oregjon

From oregja ("ear"), thus from Latin auricula through Vulgar Latin *oricla.


culaton

From culata (“buttock”), from cul (“ass”) and thus from Latin cūlus (“anus”).


cœr

From Latin cor, from Proto-Italic *kord, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.

(all meanings) Alternative spelling of cœur, heart


zeneugg

From Late Latin genuculum, alteration of Latin geniculum, diminutive of genū (“knee”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.

zenögg

Ticinese and Eastern modern orthographies


cjapa

From Latin capula (“cup”), through Vulgar Latin *clapa (“cup”).

ciapa

Western and Eastern modern orthographies


fonsg

Akin to Italian fungo, from Latin fungus.


négher

head

négher m (plural négher, feminine singular negra, feminine plural negre)

négher (plural)
negra (feminine singular)
negre (feminine plural)


paüra

Inherited from Latin pavor (“fear”), with the ending replaced by -ura and gender change.

Alternative spelling of pavura (“fear”).


pòra

Inherited from Latin pavor (“fear”), probably through Vulgar Latin *pavora, with gender change.


fradell

From Latin frātellus, a diminutive of Latin frāter, from Proto-Italic *frātēr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

brother (member of a religious community or church)


zenziva

From Latin gingīva, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-.


novanta-neuv

From novanta (“ninety”) + neuv (“nine”).


zinamom

cinamom

More Italian-like Spelling in the New Lombard Orthography

cinamòmm

More Italian-like Spelling in the Classical Milanese Orthography


giass

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *glacium/a, from Latin glaciēs.


benedeg

Lombard: benedii, benedet


Agnésa

(Cremish) a female given name, equivalent to English Agnes


çençauro

Lombard: zenzov


scriguire

De tute tre scrigiure diram allegramente:


dolzura

Pur lavoradha a oro ke dis de grand dolzura.

Also worked with gold, so much so that you would say it is of great refinement.


ualor

Dà a mi força e ualor


muglier

Lombard: mier, moier, miee


proenzalesco

From the combination of Old Occitan proensal and Latin iscus.

ben è rason q’eo faza un sirventés lonbardo, qé del proenzalesco

There is a reason why I am composing a Lombard sirventese: it is because I do not pride myself on Provençal.

(Old Lombard) Provençal; Occitan (language spoken in southern France)