parole

parole (nominative singular)
paroles (nominative plural)
paroles (genitive singular)
paroļu (genitive plural)
parolei (dative singular)
parolēm (dative plural)
paroli (accusative singular)
paroles (accusative plural)
paroli (instrumental singular)
parolēm (instrumental plural)
parolē (locative singular)
parolēs (locative plural)
parole (singular vocative)
paroles (plural vocative)

Jūs nekad neuzzināsit manu mobilā tālruņa paroli.

(computing) password (sequence of characters that gives access to a website)


ass

ass (nominative singular)
asis (nominative plural)
ass (genitive singular)
asu (genitive plural)
asij (dative singular)
asīm (dative plural)
asi (accusative singular)
asis (accusative plural)
asi (instrumental singular)
asīm (instrumental plural)
asī (locative singular)
asīs (locative plural)
ass (singular vocative)
asis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *aśís, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-. Originally an i/n-stem, it became an i-stem in Baltic.

simetrijas, rotācijas ass

zemes griešanās ass

koordinātu asis

abscisu, ordinātu ass

(mathematics) axis (a line with certain important properties)


plate

plate (nominative singular)
plates (nominative plural)
plates (genitive singular)
plašu (genitive plural)
platei (dative singular)
platēm (dative plural)
plati (accusative singular)
plates (accusative plural)
plati (instrumental singular)
platēm (instrumental plural)
platē (locative singular)
platēs (locative plural)
plate (singular vocative)
plates (plural vocative)

printed circuit board
printed circuit board


nulle

nulle (nominative singular)
nulles (nominative plural)
nulles (genitive singular)
nuļļu (genitive plural)
nullei (dative singular)
nullēm (dative plural)
nulli (accusative singular)
nulles (accusative plural)
nulli (instrumental singular)
nullēm (instrumental plural)
nullē (locative singular)
nullēs (locative plural)
nulle (singular vocative)
nulles (plural vocative)

From Latin nullus, perhaps via French or German.

funkcijas nulle

binārajā skaitīšanas sistēmā ir tikai cipari nulle un viens

in the binary counting system there are only the cyphers zero and one


mute

mute (nominative singular)
mutes (nominative plural)
mutes (genitive singular)
mutu (genitive plural)
mutei (dative singular)
mutēm (dative plural)
muti (accusative singular)
mutes (accusative plural)
muti (instrumental singular)
mutēm (instrumental plural)
mutē (locative singular)
mutēs (locative plural)
mute (singular vocative)
mutes (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *mnt-, *ment- (“to chew; jaw, mouth”). Cognate with Latin mentum (“chin”) and mandō (“to chew”), Ancient Greek μάσταξ (mástax, “jaws, mouth”) and μασάομαι (masáomai, “to chew”), Welsh mant (“jawbone”), Hittite [script needed] (mēni, “chin”), Proto-Germanic *munþaz (“mouth”) (English mouth, German Mund, Dutch mond, Swedish mun, Icelandic munnur, Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs)). Another suggestion is a root *mu-, perhaps of ideophonic origin (noise made by using the vocal chords when the mouth is closed), apparently found also in other words (e.g. German Maul).

cog

mutes orgāni

aizvērt muti

plātīt muti

turēt mutē konfekti

mutes kaktiņi

mutes harmonikas

(anatomy) mouth (orifice for ingesting food)


dot

head

dot (transitive, no conjugation, present dodu, dod, dod, past devu)

dodu (present)
dod (present)
devu (past)
es (first-person indicative singular)
dodu (first-person indicative present singular)
devu (first-person indicative past singular)
došu (first-person future indicative singular)
tu (indicative second-person singular)
dod (indicative present second-person singular)
devi (indicative past second-person singular)
dosi (future indicative second-person singular)
dod (imperative second-person singular)
viņš (indicative singular third-person)
viņa (indicative singular third-person)
dod (indicative present singular third-person)
deva (indicative past singular third-person)
dos (future indicative singular third-person)
lai dod (imperative singular third-person)
mēs (first-person indicative plural)
dodam (first-person indicative plural present)
devām (first-person indicative past plural)
dosim (first-person future indicative plural)
dosim (first-person imperative plural)
jūs (indicative plural second-person)
dodat (indicative plural present second-person)
devāt (indicative past plural second-person)
dosiet (future indicative plural second-person)
dosit (future indicative plural second-person)
dodiet (imperative plural second-person)
viņi (indicative plural third-person)
viņas (indicative plural third-person)
dod (indicative plural present third-person)
deva (indicative past plural third-person)
dos (future indicative plural third-person)
lai dod (imperative plural third-person)
dodot (present renarrative)
dodošs (participle)
esot devis (past renarrative)
dodams (participle)
došot (future renarrative)
dodot (participle)
lai dodot (imperative)
dodam (participle)
devis (active conditional participle past)
dotu (conditional present)
būtu devis (conditional past)
dots (participle passive past)
jādod (debitive indicative)
būt jādod (debitive indicative)
dot (infinitive)
esot jādod (conditional debitive)
nedot
jādodot (conditional debitive)
došana (noun-from-verb)

From earlier *duoti, *duotie, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dṓˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti (“to give”). The present tense forms are new formations, replacing the old athematic forms (still attested in dialectal forms like domu (“I give”) instead of dodu). The past tense forms are from earlier *davu (cf. Lithuanian daviaũ); the e was extended from the past active participle form devis (< *devens < *de-d-wens).

inh

dotais lielums

uzdevums bija kvadrāta un taisnstūra laukuma aprēķināšana, ja dots perimetrs

the task was the calculation of the square and rectangular area, if the perimeter is given

kopu uzskata par dotu, ja ir dots pilns tās elementu saraksts

a set is considered to be given if a full list of its elements is given

(mathematics, usually in the past passive participle form dots) to be given, to be known from the start


aorta

aorta (nominative singular)
aortas (nominative plural)
aortas (genitive singular)
aortu (genitive plural)
aortai (dative singular)
aortām (dative plural)
aortu (accusative singular)
aortas (accusative plural)
aortu (instrumental singular)
aortām (instrumental plural)
aortā (locative singular)
aortās (locative plural)
aorta (singular vocative)
aortas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “I lift, raise”).

bor

lielais asinsriņķošanas loks sākas ar aortu

the great blood circulation cycle begins with the aorta

lielie asinsvadi: aorta un plaušu artērija

the major blood vessels: the aorta and the pulmonary artery

circulatory system
circulatory system#English

(anatomy) aorta (the main artery of the circulatory system, responsible for carrying the blood from the heart to the rest of the body except the lungs)


soma

soma (nominative singular)
somas (nominative plural)
somas (genitive singular)
somu (genitive plural)
somai (dative singular)
somām (dative plural)
somu (accusative singular)
somas (accusative plural)
somu (instrumental singular)
somām (instrumental plural)
somā (locative singular)
somās (locative plural)
soma (singular vocative)
somas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.

ķengura soma

(biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)


bits

bits (nominative singular)
biti (nominative plural)
bita (genitive singular)
bitu (genitive plural)
bitam (dative singular)
bitiem (dative plural)
bitu (accusative singular)
bitus (accusative plural)
bitu (instrumental singular)
bitiem (instrumental plural)
bitā (locative singular)
bitos (locative plural)
bit (singular vocative)
biti (plural vocative)


Venera

Venera (nominative singular)
Veneras (genitive singular)
Venerai (dative singular)
Veneru (accusative singular)
Veneru (instrumental singular)
Venerā (locative singular)
Venera (singular vocative)

From Latin Venus (genitive form Veneris).

lv:Venera (dieviete)
lv:Venera (planēta)

planets of the Solar System: Saules sistēmas planētas: Merkurs · Venera · Zeme · Marss · Jupiters · Saturns · Urāns · Neptūns [edit]

(Roman mythology) Venus (Roman goddess of love)


deguns

deguns (nominative singular)
deguni (nominative plural)
deguna (genitive singular)
degunu (genitive plural)
degunam (dative singular)
deguniem (dative plural)
degunu (accusative singular)
degunus (accusative plural)
degunu (instrumental singular)
deguniem (instrumental plural)
degunā (locative singular)
degunos (locative plural)
deguns (singular vocative)
deguni (plural vocative)


plats

head

plats (definite platais, comparative platāks, superlative visplatākais, adverb plati)

platais (definite)
platāks (comparative)
visplatākais (superlative)
plati (adverb)
plats (masculine nominative singular)
plati (masculine nominative plural)
plata (feminine nominative singular)
platas (feminine nominative plural)
plata (genitive masculine singular)
platu (genitive masculine plural)
platas (feminine genitive singular)
platu (feminine genitive plural)
platam (dative masculine singular)
platiem (dative masculine plural)
platai (dative feminine singular)
platām (dative feminine plural)
platu (accusative masculine singular)
platus (accusative masculine plural)
platu (accusative feminine singular)
platas (accusative feminine plural)
platu (instrumental masculine singular)
platiem (instrumental masculine plural)
platu (feminine instrumental singular)
platām (feminine instrumental plural)
platā (locative masculine singular)
platos (locative masculine plural)
platā (feminine locative singular)
platās (feminine locative plural)
platais (masculine nominative singular)
platie (masculine nominative plural)
platā (feminine nominative singular)
platās (feminine nominative plural)
platā (genitive masculine singular)
plato (genitive masculine plural)
platās (feminine genitive singular)
plato (feminine genitive plural)
platajam (dative masculine singular)
platajiem (dative masculine plural)
platajai (dative feminine singular)
platajām (dative feminine plural)
plato (accusative masculine singular)
platos (accusative masculine plural)
plato (accusative feminine singular)
platās (accusative feminine plural)
plato (instrumental masculine singular)
platajiem (instrumental masculine plural)
plato (feminine instrumental singular)
platajām (feminine instrumental plural)
platajā (locative masculine singular)
platajos (locative masculine plural)
platajā (feminine locative singular)
platajās (feminine locative plural)
plato (masculine singular vocative)
platais (masculine singular vocative)
platie (masculine plural vocative)
plato (feminine singular vocative)
platā (feminine singular vocative)
platās (feminine plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *platús, from *pl̥th₂us < *pleth₂- (“flat”). In Latvian, former u-stem adjectives were assimilated into other classes; *platus gave rise to both an o-stem and a yo-stem variant which later on became independent words, plats and plašs, with different semantic nuances (compare also dobs and dobjš, or ass and ašs); this separation began in the 18th century but became complete only in the 1870s. Cognates include Lithuanian platùs, Old Prussian plat- (from a placename, Platmedyen, where median = “forest”), Sanskrit पृथु (pṛthu, “broad, wide, great, powerful”), Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “broad, wide, flat, smooth”).

cog

platais patskanis

platais e, ē

broad, lax e, ē (i.e., [æ] instead of [ɛ])

(phonetics) broad, lax (pronounced with relatively large mouth opening)


lode

lode (nominative singular)
lodes (nominative plural)
lodes (genitive singular)
ložu (genitive plural)
lodei (dative singular)
lodēm (dative plural)
lodi (accusative singular)
lodes (accusative plural)
lodi (instrumental singular)
lodēm (instrumental plural)
lodē (locative singular)
lodēs (locative plural)
lode (singular vocative)
lodes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German lode (“piece of lead (used as weight), plummet”), or perhaps from an East Frisian word (compare Saterland Frisian Lood) or Middle Dutch lood, which all had the same meaning (compare German Lot (“plummet, solder”)), itself a borrowing from Celtic (originally meaning “easily melting metal”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plewd- (“to flow”), whence also Latvian plūst (“to stream, to flow”). This borrowing is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries.

bor

lodes diametrs

lodes rādiuss

lodes tilpums


verbs

verbs (nominative singular)
verbi (nominative plural)
verba (genitive singular)
verbu (genitive plural)
verbam (dative singular)
verbiem (dative plural)
verbu (accusative singular)
verbus (accusative plural)
verbu (instrumental singular)
verbiem (instrumental plural)
verbā (locative singular)
verbos (locative plural)
verb (singular vocative)
verbi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin verbum (“word”).

refleksīvie verbi

pārejošie (transitīvie) verbi

nepārejošie (intransitīvie) verbi

verba kategorijas

verba pamatformas

verba konjugācija

verbu atvasināšana

(grammar) verb (a word that indicates an action, event or state; the head of the predicate)


aborts

aborts (nominative singular)
aborti (nominative plural)
aborta (genitive singular)
abortu (genitive plural)
abortam (dative singular)
abortiem (dative plural)
abortu (accusative singular)
abortus (accusative plural)
abortu (instrumental singular)
abortiem (instrumental plural)
abortā (locative singular)
abortos (locative plural)
abort (singular vocative)
aborti (plural vocative)

ārsts atteicās veikt abortu

the doctor refused to perform the abortion

(medicine) abortion (premature termination of pregnancy before the full 22 weeks, spontaneous or artificial)

(veterinary medicine) abortion (premature natural termination or artificial termination of pregnancy in animals)


runa

runa (nominative singular)
runas (nominative plural)
runas (genitive singular)
runu (genitive plural)
runai (dative singular)
runām (dative plural)
runu (accusative singular)
runas (accusative plural)
runu (instrumental singular)
runām (instrumental plural)
runā (locative singular)
runās (locative plural)
runa (singular vocative)
runas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *reu-, *ru-, imitative of speech sounds (from which also Latvian rūkt (“to roar, growl, snarl”), Russian рычать (ryčatʹ, “to roar, growl, snarl”)) with a suffix *-nā. Cognates include Old Irish run, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌰 (rūna, “secret, mystery”) (i.e., that which is said as a secret), Old English rūn, Old Saxon rūna, Middle Low German rūne (“mysterious whisper; runic character”), Old Norse rýna (“to talk secretly”), Old English rūnian (“to whisper; to plot, conspire”), Old High German rūnēn, German raunen (“to whisper”). Latvian runa probably also meant originally “solemn speech” (maybe “mystic ritual”?); still in the 17-19th centuries it was often used to indicate some special kind of communication (e.g., runas dot “to give advice”, lit. “to give talk”, or runas diena “council meeting”, lit. “talking day”).

cog

tiešā, netiešā runa

(grammar) speech (direct or indirect presentation of someone's words)


adverbs

adverbs (nominative singular)
adverbi (nominative plural)
adverba (genitive singular)
adverbu (genitive plural)
adverbam (dative singular)
adverbiem (dative plural)
adverbu (accusative singular)
adverbus (accusative plural)
adverbu (instrumental singular)
adverbiem (instrumental plural)
adverbā (locative singular)
adverbos (locative plural)
adverb (singular vocative)
adverbi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin adverbium.

atvasināt adverbus no adjektīviem

(grammar) adverb (a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb, a phrase or a clause)


rags

rags (nominative singular)
ragi (nominative plural)
raga (genitive singular)
ragu (genitive plural)
ragam (dative singular)
ragiem (dative plural)
ragu (accusative singular)
ragus (accusative plural)
ragu (instrumental singular)
ragiem (instrumental plural)
ragā (locative singular)
ragos (locative plural)
rags (singular vocative)
ragi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rágas (“horn”).

brieža rags

govs bez ragiem

(anatomy) horn (solid growth on an animal's head)


akmens

lv-noun

akmens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

akmens (nominative singular)
akmeņi (nominative plural)
akmens (genitive singular)
akmeņu (genitive plural)
akmenim (dative singular)
akmeņiem (dative plural)
akmeni (accusative singular)
akmeņus (accusative plural)
akmeni (instrumental singular)
akmeņiem (instrumental plural)
akmenī (locative singular)
akmeņos (locative plural)
akmeni (singular vocative)
akmeņi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ákmō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱ-mō (whence also asmens, originally a parallel form to akmens, created by a different development of *ḱ, perhaps due to Proto-Indo-European dialectal differences), from the stem *h₂éḱ- (“sharp, pointy, angular; stone”) with an extra element -men. Cognates include Lithuanian akmuõ, genitive akmeñs, Sudovian akmi, Hittite [script needed] (aku, “sharp stone”), Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman, “stone, rock, sky”), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬨𐬀𐬥 (asman, “stone, sky”), Ancient Greek ἄκμων (ákmōn, “anvil”), ἀκμή (akmḗ, “spike, edge, blade”); with reduction (zero grade) of the stem (*h₂éḱ-h₂-men > Proto-Slavic *kamy (“stone”)), also Belarusian, Russian ка́мень (kámenʹ), Ukrainian ка́мінь (káminʹ), Bulgarian ка́мен (kámen), Czech kámen, Polish kamień.
According to more recent analyses, the corresponding form may have been *ákmō all the way up to Eastern Baltic unity, thus identical to the Proto-Balto-Slavic form.

cog

žults akmeņi

zobu akmens, zobakmens

nieru akmeņi veidojas nieru bļodiņās

kidney stones are formed in the renal pelvis

(medicine, anatomy) stone, calculus (a hard, usually saline, formation in the body)


zarna

zarna (nominative singular)
zarnas (nominative plural)
zarnas (genitive singular)
zarnu (genitive plural)
zarnai (dative singular)
zarnām (dative plural)
zarnu (accusative singular)
zarnas (accusative plural)
zarnu (instrumental singular)
zarnām (instrumental plural)
zarnā (locative singular)
zarnās (locative plural)
zarna (singular vocative)
zarnas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *źer-, *źar- (with an extra suffix *-nā), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“bowel, intestine”). In the 17th and 18th centuries, several variants of this stem are attested: zarnis, zarns, sarna. Cognates include Lithuanian žárna, žarnà, Old Norse gǫrn, Old High German garn, Middle Low German garn (“yarn”), German Garn (“yarn”), Albanian zorrë (“intestine”), Sanskrit हिरः (hiraḥ, “tape, stripe”), हिरा (hirā, “vein”), Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ), Latin haruspex (“diviner who reads the intestines of sacrificed animals”).

cog

zarnu trakts

zarnu sieniņa

tievā zarna

resnā zarna

taisnā zarna

zarnu darbība

bowel movement (lit. intestine activity)

zarnu slimības

zarnu iekaisums

zarnu parazīti

(anatomy, often plural) intestine, bowel (part of the digestive tract between the stomach and the anus)


mugurkauls

mugurkauls (nominative singular)
mugurkauli (nominative plural)
mugurkaula (genitive singular)
mugurkaulu (genitive plural)
mugurkaulam (dative singular)
mugurkauliem (dative plural)
mugurkaulu (accusative singular)
mugurkaulus (accusative plural)
mugurkaulu (instrumental singular)
mugurkauliem (instrumental plural)
mugurkaulā (locative singular)
mugurkaulos (locative plural)
mugurkaul (singular vocative)
mugurkauli (plural vocative)

mugurkaula skriemeļi, artērijas

mugurkaula deformācija

mugurkaula izliekumi

lokans mugurkauls

lauzt mugurkaulu


sula

sula (nominative singular)
sulas (nominative plural)
sulas (genitive singular)
sulu (genitive plural)
sulai (dative singular)
sulām (dative plural)
sulu (accusative singular)
sulas (accusative plural)
sulu (instrumental singular)
sulām (instrumental plural)
sulā (locative singular)
sulās (locative plural)
sula (singular vocative)
sulas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁-leh₂, from *sewh₁- (“to press”). Direct cognates include Lithuanian sulà (“juice, sap”), Old Prussian sulo (“curdled milk”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *súraH (“intoxicating liquor”).

zarnu sula

(anatomy) (liquids excreted by certain body organs)


zobs

zobs (nominative singular)
zobi (nominative plural)
zoba (genitive singular)
zobu (genitive plural)
zobam (dative singular)
zobiem (dative plural)
zobu (accusative singular)
zobus (accusative plural)
zobu (instrumental singular)
zobiem (instrumental plural)
zobā (locative singular)
zobos (locative plural)
zobs (singular vocative)
zobi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas (with irregular *am > Latvian o ([uo]); or perhaps from a parallel form *žanbas, since *an > Latvian o ([uo]) is a regular change), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth; row of teeth”), itself from the stem *ǵembʰ- (“to bite”), apparently a variant of synonymous *ǵebʰ-. Cognates include Lithuanian žam̃bas (“log, beam edge; any sharp, angular object”), žam̃bis (“wooden plow”), Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian зуб (zub), Bulgarian зъб (zǎb), Czech zub, Polish ząb, Old High German chamb (“comb”), Old Norse kambr, Old English camb, English comb, Albanian dhëmb (“tooth”), Sanskrit जम्भः (jámbhaḥ, “tooth, fang”), Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, “nail, peg”), γομφίος (gomphíos, “molar”).

cog

veselīgi zobi

nedzīvs zobs

zoba kronis

zoba sakne

zoba emalja

zobu šķilšanās

bērnam nāk zobi

zoba plombēšana

zobu sāpes

zobu protēze

izraut zobu

tīrīt zobus ar suku

piena zobs

acu zobs, acuzobs

gudrības zobs

tik auksts, ka zobi klab

(it is) so cold that (one's) teeth chatter

(anatomy) tooth (a hard, calcareous element in a structure present in the mouths of most vertebrates, used for biting and eating)


pele

pele (nominative singular)
peles (nominative plural)
peles (genitive singular)
peļu (genitive plural)
pelei (dative singular)
pelēm (dative plural)
peli (accusative singular)
peles (accusative plural)
peli (instrumental singular)
pelēm (instrumental plural)
pelē (locative singular)
pelēs (locative plural)
pele (singular vocative)
peles (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *peliā̃ (Lithuanian pelė, Old Prussian pelē), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“grey”).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English mouse.

datorpele

(computing, also datorpele) computer mouse (movable input device used to move a pointer on a graphic display)


rinda

rinda (nominative singular)
rindas (nominative plural)
rindas (genitive singular)
rindu (genitive plural)
rindai (dative singular)
rindām (dative plural)
rindu (accusative singular)
rindas (accusative plural)
rindu (instrumental singular)
rindām (instrumental plural)
rindā (locative singular)
rindās (locative plural)
rinda (singular vocative)
rindas (plural vocative)
rinde (alternative)

From Proto-Baltic *rinda, maybe from Proto-Indo-European *arēydʰ-, *rēydʰ-, *h₂rey-, derived from *h₂er- (“to unite, to fit”). Cognates include Lithuanian rindà, Old Church Slavonic рѧдъ (rędŭ), Russian ряд (rjad), Bulgarian ред (red), Polish rząd, Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raidjan, “organize, define”), 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (garaiþs, “organized, ordered”), Old Norse greida (“unfold, arrange”), German bereit (“ready”), Persian رده (rade, “row, category”).

naturālo skaitļu rinda

harmoniska rinda, virkne


roka

roka (nominative singular)
rokas (nominative plural)
rokas (genitive singular)
roku (genitive plural)
rokai (dative singular)
rokām (dative plural)
roku (accusative singular)
rokas (accusative plural)
roku (instrumental singular)
rokām (instrumental plural)
rokā (locative singular)
rokās (locative plural)
roka (singular vocative)
rokas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *wrenk-, *wronk-, derived from the zero grade of the root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was therefore “bent, bending (organ, limb)”.

kreisā, labā roka

spēcīgas, muskuļainas rokas

veiklas rokas

aiz, pie rokas

uz rokām

(holding, lifting something) in the arms

zem rokas

roku rokā

māt, mest ar roku

sniegt, dot roku

to give, to offer (one's) hand (for a handshake)

piedāvāt roku

to offer (one's) hand, arm (for support)

spiest, paspiest, saspiest roku

rokas spiediens

vilkt cimdus rokā

paņemt rokā grāmatu

maciņš izkrīt no rokas

the little wallet fell out of (his) hand(s)

māte mēdz iespiest rokas sānos

mother used to press her arms against her side

lai gan nav auksti, tomēr Juris mauc rokā pirkstainus cimdus

though it is not cold, Juris puts on his hand(s) the fingered gloves (i.e., not mittens, but gloves with actual places for each of the five fingers)

(anatomy) hand, arm (each of the upper limbs of the human body, from shoulder to palm)


Marss

Marss (nominative singular)
Marsa (genitive singular)
Marsam (dative singular)
Marsu (accusative singular)
Marsu (instrumental singular)
Marsā (locative singular)
Mars (singular vocative)

From Latin Mars (“god of war”), from older Latin (older than 75 BC) Māvors. Mamers was his Oscan name. He was also known as Marmor, Marmar and Maris, the latter from the Etruscan deity Maris.

lv:Marss (mitoloģija)
lv:Marss (planēta)

(Roman mythology) Mars (Roman god of war)


aste

aste (nominative singular)
astes (nominative plural)
astes (genitive singular)
astu (genitive plural)
astei (dative singular)
astēm (dative plural)
asti (accusative singular)
astes (accusative plural)
asti (instrumental singular)
astēm (instrumental plural)
astē (locative singular)
astēs (locative plural)
aste (singular vocative)
astes (plural vocative)

Originally an e-stem variant of an earlier i/n-stem *astis, from Proto-Baltic *asti- < *aš-sti-. Further, two possible Proto-Indo-European sources have been proposed: (a) *h₂eḱ-sti-, from *h₂eḱ- “sharp, pointy, edgy; stone” (whence also ass “sharp”, q.v.), with the meaning changes being “sharp, pointy (object)” > “stinger” > “tail”; and (b) *h₃ésth₁- (“bone”), in which case the semantic evolution would have been “bone” > “tail bone” > “tail” (cf. Icelandic rōfa (“dog's, cat's tail”) from Old Norse rófa (“bony part of a horse's tail”)). In the (a) case, cognates would include Lithuanian aksti̇̀s (“skewer, fish bone”) akšti̇̀s (“skewer, fish bone, awn”), Old Church Slavonic осътъ (osŭtŭ, “thorny water plant”), остъ (ostŭ, “awn, stinger, fish bone”), Russian ость (ostʹ), Czech osť, Polish ość, Russian осот (osot, “thorny plant”), Bulgarian о́сът (ósǎt), Czech, Polish oset. In the (b) case, cognates would include Hittite 𒄩𒀸𒋫𒄿, Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi), Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon), Albanian asht, Tocharian B āsta, Latin os (and maybe also costa (“rib”)), and perhaps also all the (a) cognates, which some authors also derive from *h₃ésth₁-.

cog

zirga aste

suņa aste

vilka aste

gaiļa aste

pāva aste

kaķis pa to laiku bija izlavījies no pagalma un, izlējis asti, lēni gāja prom

the cat, meanwhile, had gotten out of the yard and, straightening (his) tail, slowly went away

kas sunim asti cels, ja pats necels

who is going to raise a dog's tail if not for the dog himself


lūpa

lūpa (nominative singular)
lūpas (nominative plural)
lūpas (genitive singular)
lūpu (genitive plural)
lūpai (dative singular)
lūpām (dative plural)
lūpu (accusative singular)
lūpas (accusative plural)
lūpu (instrumental singular)
lūpām (instrumental plural)
lūpā (locative singular)
lūpās (locative plural)
lūpa (singular vocative)
lūpas (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verbs lupt (“to peel, to come off”), lupināt (“to peel (tr.)”): Proto-Baltic *lūp-, *lup-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp-, *lūp-, *lup- (“to pare, to peel, to break off”). The meaning evolved from “peeled off; puckered” to “puckered lips” and then simply “lips.” Cognates include Lithuanian lū́pa, Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”).

pilnīgas, plānas lūpas

augšējā lūpa

apakšējā lūpa

lūpu krāsa, lūpu pomāde

ar smaidu uz lūpām

iekost lūpā

kaunuma lūpas

zaķa lūpa


nags

nags (nominative singular)
nagi (nominative plural)
naga (genitive singular)
nagu (genitive plural)
nagam (dative singular)
nagiem (dative plural)
nagu (accusative singular)
nagus (accusative plural)
nagu (instrumental singular)
nagiem (instrumental plural)
nagā (locative singular)
nagos (locative plural)
nags (singular vocative)
nagi (plural vocative)

Basically from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nágas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs (see there for further descendants). The meaning 'leg', widely attested in Slavic (cf. Ukrainian нога (noha), Russian нога (noga), Czech noha, Polish noga) and also in Old Prussian noge (cf. also meaning #3 below), probably evolved as '(finger) nail' > '(bird) claw' > '(bird) leg'. The 'metal fastener for joining wood etc.' meaning, found in Germanic languages (English nail, German Nagel), is probably derived from 'claw' as 'object for piercing'.

gari nagi

ieaudzis nags

naga gultne

naga sakne

nail root (part of the nail under the skin, where the nail grows)

nagu kopšana

nagu laka

apgriezt nagus

nolīdzināt nagus ar vīlīti

ar zobiem un nagiem

with tooth and nail (with complete dedication, persistently)

(anatomy) fingernail (thin, curved horny plate on the back surface of a (human) fingertip).

kaķa nags

ērgļa nagi

Vanagam ir asi nagi.

Govis apslima ar mutes un nagu sērgu.

(anatomy) claw (horny formation at the tip of an animal's toe).


mats

mats (nominative singular)
mati (nominative plural)
mata (genitive singular)
matu (genitive plural)
matam (dative singular)
matiem (dative plural)
matu (accusative singular)
matus (accusative plural)
matu (instrumental singular)
matiem (instrumental plural)
matā (locative singular)
matos (locative plural)
mats (singular vocative)
mati (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mat-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-, *m-et- (“to mark, to measure”), whence also Latvian mest (“to throw”) (older meaning “to measure”, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-ti- (“measure, wisdom”)). The original meaning was thus “measure, mark” (a derived meaning of “compensation, payment (for milling grain)” < “amount measured to be given as payment” is attested in older sources and in some dialects). The semantic evolution was “measure” > “body part used as measure unit” > “small measure / small body part used as measure unit” > “hair” (note that human and animal hair (wool) was an ancient small measure unit among many peoples, including ancient Latvians). In some expressions, traces of the earlier meaning of mats as “small measure unit” can still be seen: uz mata (“correct”), mats matā, ne par matu. Cognates include Lithuanian mãtas (“measure, measure unit”), Russian ме́тить (métitʹ, “to mark, to label”), Sanskrit माति (māti), मिमाति (mā́ti, mimā́ti, “to measure”), Albanian matë (“measure”).

gaiši, rudi, tumši, sirmi mati

kastaņbrūni mati

kupli, sprogaini, gludi mati

normāli, taukaini, sausi mati

matu cirtas, sprogas

matu pīne

apgriezt matus

nogriezt matus īsus

nogriezt, nodzīt matus (uz nulli)

matu rullītis

matu laka

matu eļļa, mateļļa

matu (sa)kārtojums

matu mezgls

līdzās ceļiniekiem stāv meitene ar pelēkām matu pīnēm

a girl with gray hair braids is standing next to the traveler

dārzā līkņāja vecs vīrs bez neviena mata uz galvas

in the garden an old man without any hair on (his) head was stooping

(anatomy, usually plural) (head) hair (set of keratin filaments which grow on the top of a human being's head)

mata stiebrs

mata sakne

mata sīpols

uz ķermeņa, rokām un kājām mati ir maigi, plāni, tos vēl sauc par pūku... uzacu, plakstu mati ir gari, saraini

on the body, arms and legs hairs are soft (and) thin, they are also called fuzz... eyebrow, eyelid hair (in contrast) is long, stubbly

āpša ādu kažokrūpniecībā maz izmanto, jo mati rupji un cieti

badger skin is not used much in the fur industry, because (its) hairs are coarse and hard

(anatomy, singular or plural) each keratin filament on the body of human beings or other animals


auss

auss (nominative singular)
ausis (nominative plural)
auss (genitive singular)
ausu (genitive plural)
ausij (dative singular)
ausīm (dative plural)
ausi (accusative singular)
ausis (accusative plural)
ausi (instrumental singular)
ausīm (instrumental plural)
ausī (locative singular)
ausīs (locative plural)
auss (singular vocative)
ausis (plural vocative)

A 6th-declension stem based on an earlier plural form ausì, from Proto-Baltic *auś-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”). From Proto-Baltic, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows-. Cognates include Lithuanian ausi̇̀s, Old Prussian ausins (accusative plural), Proto-Slavic *uxo, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 (ausō) (< Proto-Germanic *ausô, Old High German ōra, German Ohr, Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬌 (uši, “both ears, mind, reason”), Ancient Greek οὖς (oûs), Latin auris (< *ausis).

ārējā, iekšējā auss

pakasīt aiz auss

spalvainas ausis

ausu ārsts

auss eja

auss iekaisums

nedzirdīgas, kurlas ausis

saberzēt nosalušas ausis

ausīs džinkst, dūc, zvana, dun, šalc, rūc, šņāc

(one's) ears are buzzing, whizzing, ringing

mūsu auss skaņas svārstības uztver tikai no 15 līdz 20000 hercu intervālā

our ear's sound perception range covers an interval of only 15 to 20000 Hertz

suns aprimst kaukt un aizdomīgi paceļ ausis

the dog stopped howling and suspiciously raised his ears


tilts

tilts (nominative singular)
tilti (nominative plural)
tilta (genitive singular)
tiltu (genitive plural)
tiltam (dative singular)
tiltiem (dative plural)
tiltu (accusative singular)
tiltus (accusative plural)
tiltu (instrumental singular)
tiltiem (instrumental plural)
tiltā (locative singular)
tiltos (locative plural)
tilt (singular vocative)
tilti (plural vocative)

Originally the past participle of an earlier verb *telt, parallel form *tilt, from Proto-Baltic *tel-, *til-, from Proto-Indo-European *tel-, *stel- (“to spread, to spread out”), whence also Latvian telpa (“space, room”). The original meaning was therefore “(that which is) spread out”, from which “(path, road) covered with intertwined, interlaced branches, logs” (a meaning still attested in folk songs) and then “bridge.” Cognates include Lithuanian ti̇̀ltas; elsewhere, the stem *tel-, *stel- led to notions like “smooth base, floor, board:” Lithuanian dialectal ti̇̀lė (“a boat's bottom plank”), Old Prussian talus (“floor”), Proto-Slavic *tьlo (“base, floor”) (Old Church Slavonic тьло (tĭlo), Russian, Ukrainian тло (tlo), Czech tla (“floor”), Polish tło (“base, background”), Upper Sorbian tło (“floor, base, bottom”)), Old Irish talam (“earth”) (< *tlə-mo-), Proto-Germanic *þiliz (“board, plank”) (Old Norse þil, þili (“plank wall”), þilja (“floor, plank”), þel (“base, floor”), Old High German dil, dilo (“plank wall, floor”), dilla (“board, floor, ship deck”), German Diele (“plank”)), Sanskrit तलम् (talam, “plain, flat surface; palm”), Ancient Greek τήλιᾱ (tḗliā, “game table, board”), Albanian tullë (“brick”),
Latin tellūs (“earth”) (< *telnos), Ossetian тӕрхӕг (tærxæg, “bench”).

izņemamas protēzes lietotājam sagādā zināmas neērtības, salīdzinot ar iestiprinātām zobu protēzēm, tā saucamiem tiltiem

removable prostheses (dentures) give (their) users some discomfort, in comparison with fixed prostheses (= dentures), the so-called bridges

(medicine) non-removable denture, supported by natural teeth


centrists

lv-noun

centrists m (1st declension, feminine form: centriste)

centriste (feminine)
centrists (nominative singular)
centristi (nominative plural)
centrista (genitive singular)
centristu (genitive plural)
centristam (dative singular)
centristiem (dative plural)
centristu (accusative singular)
centristus (accusative plural)
centristu (instrumental singular)
centristiem (instrumental plural)
centristā (locative singular)
centristos (locative plural)
centrist (singular vocative)
centristi (plural vocative)

Francijas centrists Bejrū noraida aliansi ar sociālistiem

the French centrist François Bayrou rejects an alliance with the socialists

(politics, philosophy) (male) centrist (a follower or defender of centrism; a politician of the political center)


grupa

grupa (nominative singular)
grupas (nominative plural)
grupas (genitive singular)
grupu (genitive plural)
grupai (dative singular)
grupām (dative plural)
grupu (accusative singular)
grupas (accusative plural)
grupu (instrumental singular)
grupām (instrumental plural)
grupā (locative singular)
grupās (locative plural)
grupa (singular vocative)
grupas (plural vocative)


milze

milze f (5th declension, masculine form: milzis)

milzis (masculine)
milze (nominative singular)
milzes (nominative plural)
milzes (genitive singular)
milžu (genitive plural)
milzei (dative singular)
milzēm (dative plural)
milzi (accusative singular)
milzes (accusative plural)
milzi (instrumental singular)
milzēm (instrumental plural)
milzē (locative singular)
milzēs (locative plural)
milze (singular vocative)
milzes (plural vocative)

From milzis (“(male) giant”) + -e (“fem.”).

viņš Speipnira mugurā jāj deviņas naktis, līdz ierodas pie upes Gjellas un šķērso tās tiltu, kuru sargā milze Modgūda

he rides on the back of Speipnirs for nine nights, until he comes to the river Gjella and crosses the bridge which is guarded by the giantess Modgūda

(folklore, mythology) female giant, giantess (very large, supernaturally strong female being)


fails

fails (nominative singular)
faili (nominative plural)
faila (genitive singular)
failu (genitive plural)
failam (dative singular)
failiem (dative plural)
failu (accusative singular)
failus (accusative plural)
failu (instrumental singular)
failiem (instrumental plural)
failā (locative singular)
failos (locative plural)
fail (singular vocative)
faili (plural vocative)

Vai jūs tiešām vēlaties izdzēst šo failu?

Are you sure you want to delete this file?

(computing) file (aggregation of data on a storage device)


tinte

tinte (nominative singular)
tintes (nominative plural)
tintes (genitive singular)
tinšu (genitive plural)
tintei (dative singular)
tintēm (dative plural)
tinti (accusative singular)
tintes (accusative plural)
tinti (instrumental singular)
tintēm (instrumental plural)
tintē (locative singular)
tintēs (locative plural)
tinte (singular vocative)
tintes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Tinte, itself a borrowing from Latin tincta (aqua) (“colored water, liquid”). This word is first mentioned in the early 19th century. It replaced an earlier borrowing blaka, from Middle Low German blak, black (“black ink”). An attempt to introduce a neologism melne (from melns (“black”); compare Russian черни́ла (černíla, “ink”), from чёрный (čórnyj, “black”)) also failed.

der

gliemju tintes dziedzeri

(biology, anatomy) ink (dark liquid produced by certain animals or plants)


funkcija

funkcija (nominative singular)
funkcijas (nominative plural)
funkcijas (genitive singular)
funkciju (genitive plural)
funkcijai (dative singular)
funkcijām (dative plural)
funkciju (accusative singular)
funkcijas (accusative plural)
funkciju (instrumental singular)
funkcijām (instrumental plural)
funkcijā (locative singular)
funkcijās (locative plural)
funkcija (singular vocative)
funkcijas (plural vocative)


lietvārds

lietvārds (nominative singular)
lietvārdi (nominative plural)
lietvārda (genitive singular)
lietvārdu (genitive plural)
lietvārdam (dative singular)
lietvārdiem (dative plural)
lietvārdu (accusative singular)
lietvārdus (accusative plural)
lietvārdu (instrumental singular)
lietvārdiem (instrumental plural)
lietvārdā (locative singular)
lietvārdos (locative plural)
lietvārd (singular vocative)
lietvārdi (plural vocative)

From lieta (“thing, object”) + vārds (“word”), a calque of German Dingwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as lietu-vārds; after some variation (A. Stērste had lietas vārds in 1879, and also K. Mīlenbahs in 1895), J. Pārstrauts suggested the form lietvārds in 1881, which eventually became accepted as standard in the 1940s.

compound

lietvārds daudzskaitļa formā

lietvārdu celmi

lietvārda dzimte

lietvārda deklinācijas

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


bārda

bārda (nominative singular)
bārdas (nominative plural)
bārdas (genitive singular)
bārdu (genitive plural)
bārdai (dative singular)
bārdām (dative plural)
bārdu (accusative singular)
bārdas (accusative plural)
bārdu (instrumental singular)
bārdām (instrumental plural)
bārdā (locative singular)
bārdās (locative plural)
bārda (singular vocative)
bārdas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bardā́ˀ (with lengthening: *-àr- > -ā̀r-), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”), from the stem *bʰar- (“projecting forward; tip, point; bristle, awn”), which is perhaps a form of *bʰer- (“to cut, to grate, to split, to hit”). Cognates include Lithuanian barzdà (< *barzdā-, a parallel form of *bardā-, with an extra z perhaps because of d:zd phonetic variation), Old Prussian bordus, Proto-Slavic *borda (Old Church Slavonic брада (brada), Russian борода (boroda), Czech brada (“beard, chin”), Polish broda (“beard, chin”)), Proto-Germanic *bardaz (German Bart, English beard), Latin barba (< *farβā) (French barbe, Italian barba).

vaigu bārda

sirma bārda

kupla bārda

skūt bārdu

audzēt bārdu

biezi, melni bārdas rugāji noseguši zodu un vaigus

thick, black beard stubbles covered (his) chin and cheeks

(anatomy) beard (hair that grows on the cheeks and chins)


tapete

tapete (nominative singular)
tapetes (nominative plural)
tapetes (genitive singular)
tapešu (genitive plural)
tapetei (dative singular)
tapetēm (dative plural)
tapeti (accusative singular)
tapetes (accusative plural)
tapeti (instrumental singular)
tapetēm (instrumental plural)
tapetē (locative singular)
tapetēs (locative plural)
tapete (singular vocative)
tapetes (plural vocative)


apziņa

apziņa (nominative singular)
apziņas (genitive singular)
apziņai (dative singular)
apziņu (accusative singular)
apziņu (instrumental singular)
apziņā (locative singular)
apziņa (singular vocative)

Nominal form of the stem of the verb apzināt, the original meaning of which was “to know, to perceive (something)”; apziņa was therefore initially “knowledge”. In the late 19th century, A. Kronvalds began using this word in the sense of "conviction", "understadning", "consciousness (of something)"; in the 1920s, it became accepted as a philosophy term, corresponding to Russian сознание (soznanije), German Bewusstsein.

apziņas attiecība pret esamību

the relation of consciousness to existence

Sečenovs pierādīja, ka cilvēka apziņa, viņa domas ir galvas smadzeņu darbības rezultāts

Sečenovs showed that human consciousness and thoughts are the result of brain activity

Augusta izmisums auga augumā, kamēr kļuva tik liels, ka nevarēja vairs ietverties viņa apziņā

Augusts' despair grew and grew, until it became so large that it could no longer be apprehended in his consciousness

(philosophy) consciousness (the capacity of the human brain to reflect objective reality)


krevele

krevele (nominative singular)
kreveles (nominative plural)
kreveles (genitive singular)
kreveļu (genitive plural)
krevelei (dative singular)
krevelēm (dative plural)
kreveli (accusative singular)
kreveles (accusative plural)
kreveli (instrumental singular)
krevelēm (instrumental plural)
krevelē (locative singular)
krevelēs (locative plural)
krevele (singular vocative)
kreveles (plural vocative)


zvaigzne

zvaigzne (nominative singular)
zvaigznes (nominative plural)
zvaigznes (genitive singular)
zvaigžņu (genitive plural)
zvaigznei (dative singular)
zvaigznēm (dative plural)
zvaigzni (accusative singular)
zvaigznes (accusative plural)
zvaigzni (instrumental singular)
zvaigznēm (instrumental plural)
zvaigznē (locative singular)
zvaigznēs (locative plural)
zvaigzne (singular vocative)
zvaigznes (plural vocative)

From an older zvaigzde (via an intermediate form zvaigzdne), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źwaisdā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰweygʷ-, *ǵʰwoygʷ- (“shine; to shine”), from *ǵʰwey-, *ǵʰey- (“to shine”) with an extra gʷ. Cognates include Lithuanian žvaigždė̃, Proto-Slavic *gvězda (Old Church Slavonic звѣзда (zvězda), Russian звезда́ (zvezdá), Belarusian звязда́ (zvjazdá), Ukrainian звізда́ (zvizdá), Czech hvězda, Polish gwiazda.

piecstūru zvaigzne

Triju Zvaigžņu ordenis

jūras zvaigzne, jūraszvaigzne starfish (lit. sea star)

(geometry) star (object, drawing, geometric shape formed by regularly spaced points or protrusions)


paduse

paduse (nominative singular)
paduses (nominative plural)
paduses (genitive singular)
padušu (genitive plural)
padusei (dative singular)
padusēm (dative plural)
padusi (accusative singular)
paduses (accusative plural)
padusi (instrumental singular)
padusēm (instrumental plural)
padusē (locative singular)
padusēs (locative plural)
paduse (singular vocative)
paduses (plural vocative)

From pa- + an older term *dusa (“arm, shoulder”) (maybe *dusis?), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dus-, from the zero grade *dus- of Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“arm”) (whence Sanskrit दोषान् (doṣán-), दो (do, “arm, forearm”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱- (daoš-, “upper arm, shoulder”)). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic пазуха (pazuxa), Belarusian, Ukrainian and Russian па́зуха (pázuxa), Czech, Polish pazucha.

cog

paduses artērija

turēt ko padusē

likt, ielikt termometru padusē

to set a thermometer into someone's armpit

(anatomy) armpit (cavity beneath the junction of arm and shoulder)


piere

piere (nominative singular)
pieres (nominative plural)
pieres (genitive singular)
pieru (genitive plural)
pierei (dative singular)
pierēm (dative plural)
pieri (accusative singular)
pieres (accusative plural)
pieri (instrumental singular)
pierēm (instrumental plural)
pierē (locative singular)
pierēs (locative plural)
piere (singular vocative)
pieres (plural vocative)

From an earlier *priere ( > piere by dissimilation), from *prie (“in front of, ahead of”). The meaning change, “in front of” > “forehead,” is similar to the evolution of the English term (compare fore).

augsta, zema piere

plata, šaura piere

pieres kauls

noslaucīt sviedrus no pieres

(sa)raukt, (sa)raut, (sa)vilkt pieri

to frown (lit. to pull, tighten one's forehead)

(anatomy) forehead (part of the human face between the hair and the eyebrows)


sirds

sirds (nominative singular)
sirdis (nominative plural)
sirds (genitive singular)
siržu (genitive plural)
sirdij (dative singular)
sirdīm (dative plural)
sirdi (accusative singular)
sirdis (accusative plural)
sirdi (instrumental singular)
sirdīm (instrumental plural)
sirdī (locative singular)
sirdīs (locative plural)
sirds (singular vocative)
sirdis (plural vocative)
sirde (alternative)

From older sirdis (attested in 17th-century texts), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *śḗr, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.

sirds pukst

sirds sit

the heart is jumping (lit. beating, i.e., heavily)

sirds slimības

sirds pārsitieni

sirds mazspēja

sirds trokšņi

sirds zāles

sirds darbojas normāli

sirds ir mūsu galvenais orgāns

(anatomy) heart (the central organ of the circulatory system which causes the blood to flow through the blood vessels by means of rhythmic muscular contractions)


vēzis

vēzis (nominative singular)
vēži (nominative plural)
vēža (genitive singular)
vēžu (genitive plural)
vēzim (dative singular)
vēžiem (dative plural)
vēzi (accusative singular)
vēžus (accusative plural)
vēzi (instrumental singular)
vēžiem (instrumental plural)
vēzī (locative singular)
vēžos (locative plural)
vēzi (singular vocative)
vēži (plural vocative)

There are various opinions about the origin of this word. Some derive it from the verb vēzēt (“to swing quickly (from one side to the other)”), or from the verb vēzt (“to drag (sideways, back)”); others relate it to Lithuanian verb vóžti (“to shut, to cover”); others compare it to Sanskrit वाह्यकी (vāhyakī), वाहक (vāhaka, “some poisonous insect”). Cognates include Lithuanian vėžỹs.

kuņģa, plaušu, krūts vēzis

vēža slimnieks

(medicine, pathology) cancer (disease characterized by uncontrolled cellular growth)


pūķis

pūķis (nominative singular)
pūķi (nominative plural)
pūķa (genitive singular)
pūķu (genitive plural)
pūķim (dative singular)
pūķiem (dative plural)
pūķi (accusative singular)
pūķus (accusative plural)
pūķi (instrumental singular)
pūķiem (instrumental plural)
pūķī (locative singular)
pūķos (locative plural)
pūķi (singular vocative)
pūķi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Norse púki (“demon, evil spirit”), from Proto-Germanic *pūkô; compare Swedish puke (“house spirit”).

naudas pūķis

mantas pūķis

(mythology, religion) in old Latvian mythology, a household spirit that could be bought, bred, or stolen, and protected the wealth of his owner


Persefone

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).


dievs

lv-noun

dievs m (1st declension, feminine form: dieviete or dieve)

dieviete (feminine)
dieve (feminine)
dievs (nominative singular)
dievi (nominative plural)
dieva (genitive singular)
dievu (genitive plural)
dievam (dative singular)
dieviem (dative plural)
dievu (accusative singular)
dievus (accusative plural)
dievu (instrumental singular)
dieviem (instrumental plural)
dievā (locative singular)
dievos (locative plural)
diev (singular vocative)
dievi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *deiwás, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós. The original meaning was probably “light,” from which “sky” (via “bright one”, “shining one”) (a meaning still found in Proto-Finnic *taivas), whence also “god”.

seno grieķu dievi

romiešu dievi

pagāniskie dievi

kara dievs

(mythology) god (powerful supernatural being that demands worship)


centriste

centriste f (5th declension, masculine form: centrists)

centrists (masculine)
centriste (nominative singular)
centristes (nominative plural)
centristes (genitive singular)
centristu (genitive plural)
centristei (dative singular)
centristēm (dative plural)
centristi (accusative singular)
centristes (accusative plural)
centristi (instrumental singular)
centristēm (instrumental plural)
centristē (locative singular)
centristēs (locative plural)
centriste (singular vocative)
centristes (plural vocative)

From centrists (“centrist”) + -e (“fem.”).

(politics, philosophy) (female) centrist (a follower or defender of centrism; a politician of the political center)


garums

garums (nominative singular)
garumi (nominative plural)
garuma (genitive singular)
garumu (genitive plural)
garumam (dative singular)
garumiem (dative plural)
garumu (accusative singular)
garumus (accusative plural)
garumu (instrumental singular)
garumiem (instrumental plural)
garumā (locative singular)
garumos (locative plural)
garum (singular vocative)
garumi (plural vocative)

patskaņa garumu apzīmē ar svītru virs attiecīgā burta

vowel length is marked with a bar above the corresponding letter

(phonetics, phonology) length (longer pronunciation of a vowel or consonant)


dēmons

dēmons (nominative singular)
dēmoni (nominative plural)
dēmona (genitive singular)
dēmonu (genitive plural)
dēmonam (dative singular)
dēmoniem (dative plural)
dēmonu (accusative singular)
dēmonus (accusative plural)
dēmonu (instrumental singular)
dēmoniem (instrumental plural)
dēmonā (locative singular)
dēmonos (locative plural)
dēmon (singular vocative)
dēmoni (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin daemon (“genius, guardian spirit”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”).

uder

ļaunais dēmons

pielabināt dēmonus

atrasties dēmonu varā

pa nakti dēmoni nāk mani biedēt

during the night, demons come to frighten me

(mythology) demon, devil (supernatural evil being)


dzimumloceklis

dzimumloceklis (nominative singular)
dzimumlocekļi (nominative plural)
dzimumlocekļa (genitive singular)
dzimumlocekļu (genitive plural)
dzimumloceklim (dative singular)
dzimumlocekļiem (dative plural)
dzimumlocekli (accusative singular)
dzimumlocekļus (accusative plural)
dzimumlocekli (instrumental singular)
dzimumlocekļiem (instrumental plural)
dzimumloceklī (locative singular)
dzimumlocekļos (locative plural)
dzimumlocekli (singular vocative)
dzimumlocekļi (plural vocative)

From dzimums (“sex, gender”) + loceklis (“limb, member”).


Hestija

Hestija (nominative singular)
Hestijas (genitive singular)
Hestijai (dative singular)
Hestiju (accusative singular)
Hestiju (instrumental singular)
Hestijā (locative singular)
Hestija (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἑστία (Hestía).

(Greek mythology) Hestia, the goddess of the hearth and domestic life.


šizofrēnija

šizofrēnija (nominative singular)
šizofrēnijas (nominative plural)
šizofrēnijas (genitive singular)
šizofrēniju (genitive plural)
šizofrēnijai (dative singular)
šizofrēnijām (dative plural)
šizofrēniju (accusative singular)
šizofrēnijas (accusative plural)
šizofrēniju (instrumental singular)
šizofrēnijām (instrumental plural)
šizofrēnijā (locative singular)
šizofrēnijās (locative plural)
šizofrēnija (singular vocative)
šizofrēnijas (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, “I tear, split, cut”) + φρήν (phrḗn, “mind, brain, diaphragm”).


āda

āda (nominative singular)
ādas (nominative plural)
ādas (genitive singular)
ādu (genitive plural)
ādai (dative singular)
ādām (dative plural)
ādu (accusative singular)
ādas (accusative plural)
ādu (instrumental singular)
ādām (instrumental plural)
ādā (locative singular)
ādās (locative plural)
āda (singular vocative)
ādas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *ād-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂edʰ-, a parallel form of *h₂eǵ- (“goat”) (whence Latvian āzis (“billy-goat”), q.v.). The term may originally have been adjectival (cf. Lithuanian ódinis (“skin, of skin”)). A relationship between terms for “goat” and “skin” is not infrequent in Indo-European; cf. Russian коза́ (kozá, “goat”), ко́жа (kóža, “skin”), or Sanskrit अजा (ajā, “she-goat”), अजिनम् (ajínam, “skin”). In Latvian, the term expanded its meaning to cover both human and animal skin (or fur), as well as animal skin as material for making objects, ideas often distinguished in other languages (e.g., German Haut, Fell, and Leder). The original meaning is perhaps preserved in the Finnish borrowing vuota (“(raw) hide, pelt”). Cognates include Lithuanian óda, Sanskrit अत्क (átka, “armor, outfit”) (< *h₂eǵ-ko-), Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós, “leather wine-skin”), Albanian dhi (“goat”) (< *h₂edʰ-i).

cog

sejas āda

gluda, maiga āda

krunkaina āda

ādas slimības

pārstādīt ādu

kopt ādu

čūska met ādu

the snake is throwing (= leaving) its skin

zirgam uz kakla noberzta āda

(anatomy) skin (external cover of the (human or animal) body)


priekšāda

priekšāda (nominative singular)
priekšādas (nominative plural)
priekšādas (genitive singular)
priekšādu (genitive plural)
priekšādai (dative singular)
priekšādām (dative plural)
priekšādu (accusative singular)
priekšādas (accusative plural)
priekšādu (instrumental singular)
priekšādām (instrumental plural)
priekšādā (locative singular)
priekšādās (locative plural)
priekšāda (singular vocative)
priekšādas (plural vocative)

(anatomy, rare) foreskin, prepuce of the penis


prizma

prizma (nominative singular)
prizmas (nominative plural)
prizmas (genitive singular)
prizmu (genitive plural)
prizmai (dative singular)
prizmām (dative plural)
prizmu (accusative singular)
prizmas (accusative plural)
prizmu (instrumental singular)
prizmām (instrumental plural)
prizmā (locative singular)
prizmās (locative plural)
prizma (singular vocative)
prizmas (plural vocative)

Via some other language, from Latin prisma, from Ancient Greek πρῖσμα (prîsma).


siena drudzis

siena drudzis (nominative singular)
siena drudži (nominative plural)
siena drudža (genitive singular)
siena drudžu (genitive plural)
siena drudzim (dative singular)
siena drudžiem (dative plural)
siena drudzi (accusative singular)
siena drudžus (accusative plural)
siena drudzi (instrumental singular)
siena drudžiem (instrumental plural)
siena drudzī (locative singular)
siena drudžos (locative plural)
siena drudzi (singular vocative)
siena drudži (plural vocative)


pronomens

pronomens (nominative singular)
pronomeni (nominative plural)
pronomena (genitive singular)
pronomenu (genitive plural)
pronomenam (dative singular)
pronomeniem (dative plural)
pronomenu (accusative singular)
pronomenus (accusative plural)
pronomenu (instrumental singular)
pronomeniem (instrumental plural)
pronomenā (locative singular)
pronomenos (locative plural)
pronomen (singular vocative)
pronomeni (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin prōnōmen (“pronoun”).

pronomenu deklinēšana

(grammar) pronoun (a word used to refer anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase)


diftongs

diftongs (nominative singular)
diftongi (nominative plural)
diftonga (genitive singular)
diftongu (genitive plural)
diftongam (dative singular)
diftongiem (dative plural)
diftongu (accusative singular)
diftongus (accusative plural)
diftongu (instrumental singular)
diftongiem (instrumental plural)
diftongā (locative singular)
diftongos (locative plural)
diftong (singular vocative)
diftongi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos, “two sounds”), from δίς (dís, “twice”) and φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”).

uder

diftonga komponenti

(phonetics, phonology) diphthong (sequence of two different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


manuskripts

manuskripts (nominative singular)
manuskripti (nominative plural)
manuskripta (genitive singular)
manuskriptu (genitive plural)
manuskriptam (dative singular)
manuskriptiem (dative plural)
manuskriptu (accusative singular)
manuskriptus (accusative plural)
manuskriptu (instrumental singular)
manuskriptiem (instrumental plural)
manuskriptā (locative singular)
manuskriptos (locative plural)
manuskript (singular vocative)
manuskripti (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Medieval Latin manuscriptum (“writing by hand”), from Latin manus (“hand”) and scrīptus, the past participle of scrībō (“to write”), apparently a calque of Germanic origin (cf. earlier Middle High German hantschrift, hantgeschrift, Old English handġewrit (“what is written by hand, deed, contract, manuscript”), Old Norse handrit (“manuscript”)).

cog

viduslaiku manuskripts

literatūras muzeju manuskripti

es simtgadīgo ķieģeļu kaudzē atradu vecu manuskriptu... tas bija arābu burtiem ar melnu un sarkanu tušu aprakstīts pergaments

I found an old manuscript in a pile of hundred-year-old bricks... it was a parchment covered with Arabic letters in black and red ink

(history) manuscript (a handwritten text, usually an old one)


dancis

dancis (nominative singular)
danči (nominative plural)
danča (genitive singular)
danču (genitive plural)
dancim (dative singular)
dančiem (dative plural)
danci (accusative singular)
dančus (accusative plural)
danci (instrumental singular)
dančiem (instrumental plural)
dancī (locative singular)
dančos (locative plural)
danci (singular vocative)
danči (plural vocative)

garais dancis

dejot krusta danci

es šajā dancī tik un tā nepiedalīšos

I will not participate like that in this (traditional) dance

(ethnography) Latvian traditional, folkloric dances


partikula

partikula (nominative singular)
partikulas (nominative plural)
partikulas (genitive singular)
partikulu (genitive plural)
partikulai (dative singular)
partikulām (dative plural)
partikulu (accusative singular)
partikulas (accusative plural)
partikulu (instrumental singular)
partikulām (instrumental plural)
partikulā (locative singular)
partikulās (locative plural)
partikula (singular vocative)
partikulas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin particula (“small part, particle”), the diminutive form of pars (“part, piece”).

bor

apgalvojuma partikula

nolieguma partikula

pastriprinājuma partikula

latviešu literārajā valodā ir arī partikulas, kas ir vecs mantojums no indoeiropiešu pamatvalodas... tādas ir partikulas vis, ne, nē

in the Latvian literary language there are also particles that are old inheritances from the Indo-European protolanguage... such are the particles vis, ne, nē

(grammar) grammatical particle (a word that does not belong to any word classes but has a clear grammatical function)


doza

doza (nominative singular)
dozas (nominative plural)
dozas (genitive singular)
dozu (genitive plural)
dozai (dative singular)
dozām (dative plural)
dozu (accusative singular)
dozas (accusative plural)
dozu (instrumental singular)
dozām (instrumental plural)
dozā (locative singular)
dozās (locative plural)
doza (singular vocative)
dozas (plural vocative)


vads

vads (nominative singular)
vadi (nominative plural)
vada (genitive singular)
vadu (genitive plural)
vadam (dative singular)
vadiem (dative plural)
vadu (accusative singular)
vadus (accusative plural)
vadu (instrumental singular)
vadiem (instrumental plural)
vadā (locative singular)
vados (locative plural)
vad (singular vocative)
vadi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verbs vadīt, vest (“to drive, to lead”) (q.v.). The original meaning was thus “leader, one who leads”; the technical meaning of “duct, pipe, vessel” arose in the 1920s, under the influence of Russian про́вод (próvod), German Leitung. Cognates include Lithuanian vãdas (“leader, commander”), Slavic -voda in compounds such as Russian historical воево́да (vojevóda, “war leader”), Czech vévoda (“duke”), Polish wojewoda (“ruler of a region, district”).

cog

asinsvads

barības vads

(anatomy) tube- or pipe-like organ in the body


logaritms

logaritms (nominative singular)
logaritmi (nominative plural)
logaritma (genitive singular)
logaritmu (genitive plural)
logaritmam (dative singular)
logaritmiem (dative plural)
logaritmu (accusative singular)
logaritmus (accusative plural)
logaritmu (instrumental singular)
logaritmiem (instrumental plural)
logaritmā (locative singular)
logaritmos (locative plural)
logaritm (singular vocative)
logaritmi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately a borrowing from New Latin logarithmus, a term coined by Scot mathematician John Napier from Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos, “word, reason”) and ἀριθμός (arithmós, “number”).

uder

dabiskie logaritmi

logaritmu tabula

logaritma bāze

(mathematics) logarithm (power to which a certain base must be raised in order to obtain a given number)


loks

loks (nominative singular)
loki (nominative plural)
loka (genitive singular)
loku (genitive plural)
lokam (dative singular)
lokiem (dative plural)
loku (accusative singular)
lokus (accusative plural)
loku (instrumental singular)
lokiem (instrumental plural)
lokā (locative singular)
lokos (locative plural)
lok (singular vocative)
loki (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás, from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”). From the same stem as the Latvian verb liekt (“to bend, to flex”) (q.v.), but with the vowel changed as in the iterative locīt (“to fold”). Cognates include Lithuanian lañkas (“shaft bow, (barrel) hoop, (road) bend, (shooting) bow, circle”).

cog

aprēķināt loka garumu

uzvilkt loku ar cirkuli

(geometry) arc (continuous part of a circle or curve)


Diāna

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1925. From Latin Diana.


Lilita

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1903. From Hebrew לילית. Cognate to English Lilith.


plecs

plecs (nominative singular)
pleci (nominative plural)
pleca (genitive singular)
plecu (genitive plural)
plecam (dative singular)
pleciem (dative plural)
plecu (accusative singular)
plecus (accusative plural)
plecu (instrumental singular)
pleciem (instrumental plural)
plecā (locative singular)
plecos (locative plural)
plec (singular vocative)
pleci (plural vocative)

pleca kauls, locītava

vīrietis platiem, šauriem, taisniem pleciem

a man of wide, narrow, straight shoulders

paraustīt, noraustīt plecus

uzlikt mugursomu uz pleciem

(anatomy) shoulder (the joining of arm and body)


lāpstiņa

lāpstiņa (nominative singular)
lāpstiņas (nominative plural)
lāpstiņas (genitive singular)
lāpstiņu (genitive plural)
lāpstiņai (dative singular)
lāpstiņām (dative plural)
lāpstiņu (accusative singular)
lāpstiņas (accusative plural)
lāpstiņu (instrumental singular)
lāpstiņām (instrumental plural)
lāpstiņā (locative singular)
lāpstiņās (locative plural)
lāpstiņa (singular vocative)
lāpstiņas (plural vocative)

labā, kreisā lāpstiņa

lāpstiņas kauls

(anatomy) shoulder blade (triangular bone behind the thorax)


jods

jods (nominative singular)
jodi (nominative plural)
joda (genitive singular)
jodu (genitive plural)
jodam (dative singular)
jodiem (dative plural)
jodu (accusative singular)
jodus (accusative plural)
jodu (instrumental singular)
jodiem (instrumental plural)
jodā (locative singular)
jodos (locative plural)
jod (singular vocative)
jodi (plural vocative)

(mythology) Latvian mythological being, also called velns; a devil that presides over the dead in a realm under the earth


particips

particips (nominative singular)
participi (nominative plural)
participa (genitive singular)
participu (genitive plural)
participam (dative singular)
participiem (dative plural)
participu (accusative singular)
participus (accusative plural)
participu (instrumental singular)
participiem (instrumental plural)
participā (locative singular)
participos (locative plural)
particip (singular vocative)
participi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin participium (“participle”).

participu deklinēšana

(linguistics, grammar) participle (a verb form having both verbal and adjectival or adverbial properties)


sēklinieku maisiņš

sēklinieku maisiņš (nominative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņi (nominative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņa (genitive singular)
sēklinieku maisiņu (genitive plural)
sēklinieku maisiņam (dative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņiem (dative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņu (accusative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņus (accusative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņu (instrumental singular)
sēklinieku maisiņiem (instrumental plural)
sēklinieku maisiņā (locative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņos (locative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņ (singular vocative)
sēklinieku maisiņi (plural vocative)


pipele

pipele (nominative singular)
pipeles (nominative plural)
pipeles (genitive singular)
pipeļu (genitive plural)
pipelei (dative singular)
pipelēm (dative plural)
pipeli (accusative singular)
pipeles (accusative plural)
pipeli (instrumental singular)
pipelēm (instrumental plural)
pipelē (locative singular)
pipelēs (locative plural)
pipele (singular vocative)
pipeles (plural vocative)

sūkā manu pipeli, pediņ

(anatomy) (vulgar slang) penis; dick, cock, prick


pimpis

pimpis (nominative singular)
pimpji (nominative plural)
pimpja (genitive singular)
pimpju (genitive plural)
pimpim (dative singular)
pimpjiem (dative plural)
pimpi (accusative singular)
pimpjus (accusative plural)
pimpi (instrumental singular)
pimpjiem (instrumental plural)
pimpī (locative singular)
pimpjos (locative plural)
pimpi (singular vocative)
pimpji (plural vocative)

(anatomy) (vulgar, slang) penis; dick, cock, prick


pēcpuse

pēcpuse (nominative singular)
pēcpuses (nominative plural)
pēcpuses (genitive singular)
pēcpušu (genitive plural)
pēcpusei (dative singular)
pēcpusēm (dative plural)
pēcpusi (accusative singular)
pēcpuses (accusative plural)
pēcpusi (instrumental singular)
pēcpusēm (instrumental plural)
pēcpusē (locative singular)
pēcpusēs (locative plural)
pēcpuse (singular vocative)
pēcpuses (plural vocative)

(anatomy) (slang, vulgar) tail, ass, butt


sēklinieks

sēklinieks (nominative singular)
sēklinieki (nominative plural)
sēklinieka (genitive singular)
sēklinieku (genitive plural)
sēkliniekam (dative singular)
sēkliniekiem (dative plural)
sēklinieku (accusative singular)
sēkliniekus (accusative plural)
sēklinieku (instrumental singular)
sēkliniekiem (instrumental plural)
sēkliniekā (locative singular)
sēkliniekos (locative plural)
sēkliniek (singular vocative)
sēklinieki (plural vocative)


tūplis

tūplis (nominative singular)
tūpļi (nominative plural)
tūpļa (genitive singular)
tūpļu (genitive plural)
tūplim (dative singular)
tūpļiem (dative plural)
tūpli (accusative singular)
tūpļus (accusative plural)
tūpli (instrumental singular)
tūpļiem (instrumental plural)
tūplī (locative singular)
tūpļos (locative plural)
tūpli (singular vocative)
tūpļi (plural vocative)


maksts

maksts (nominative singular)
makstis (nominative plural)
maksts (genitive singular)
makstu (genitive plural)
makstij (dative singular)
makstīm (dative plural)
maksti (accusative singular)
makstis (accusative plural)
maksti (instrumental singular)
makstīm (instrumental plural)
makstī (locative singular)
makstīs (locative plural)
maksts (singular vocative)
makstis (plural vocative)

From the same stem as maks (“purse, pouch”) (q.v.): Proto-Indo-European *mak- (“(skin) bag, sack”), with an extra suffix -t. Cognates include Lithuanian makšti̇̀s.

uder

maksts gļotāda

maksts fizioloģija

(anatomy) vagina, vulva (a woman's external sexual organs)


anālā atvere

anālā atvere (nominative singular)
anālās atveres (nominative plural)
anālās atveres (genitive singular)
anālo atveru (genitive plural)
anālajai atverei (dative singular)
anālajām atverēm (dative plural)
anālo atveri (accusative singular)
anālās atveres (accusative plural)
anālo atveri (instrumental singular)
anālajām atverēm (instrumental plural)
anālajā atverē (locative singular)
anālajās atverēs (locative plural)
anālo atvere (singular vocative)
anālā atvere (singular vocative)
anālās atveres (plural vocative)

anālā atvere ir taisnās zarnas beigu daļa

the anal orifice is the final part of the rectum

zivīm, abiniekiem, rāpuļiem un putniem anālo atveri dēvē par kloāku

the anal orifice of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds is called cloaca


tablete

tablete (nominative singular)
tabletes (nominative plural)
tabletes (genitive singular)
tablešu (genitive plural)
tabletei (dative singular)
tabletēm (dative plural)
tableti (accusative singular)
tabletes (accusative plural)
tableti (instrumental singular)
tabletēm (instrumental plural)
tabletē (locative singular)
tabletēs (locative plural)
tablete (singular vocative)
tabletes (plural vocative)


laiks

laiks (nominative singular)
laiki (nominative plural)
laika (genitive singular)
laiku (genitive plural)
laikam (dative singular)
laikiem (dative plural)
laiku (accusative singular)
laikus (accusative plural)
laiku (instrumental singular)
laikiem (instrumental plural)
laikā (locative singular)
laikos (locative plural)
laik (singular vocative)
laiki (plural vocative)


kakls

kakls (nominative singular)
kakli (nominative plural)
kakla (genitive singular)
kaklu (genitive plural)
kaklam (dative singular)
kakliem (dative plural)
kaklu (accusative singular)
kaklus (accusative plural)
kaklu (instrumental singular)
kakliem (instrumental plural)
kaklā (locative singular)
kaklos (locative plural)
kakls (singular vocative)
kakli (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaklas, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷokʷlo-s (a variant of *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”)), a reduplicated form of *kʷel- (“to turn; to move”) (whence also celis (“knee”), q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian kãklas, Proto-Germanic *halsaz (Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃 (hals), German Hals).

tievs, garš, īss kakls

zoss kakls

kakla skriemeļi

izstiept kaklu

aptīt šalli ap kaklu


pirksts

pirksts (nominative singular)
pirksti (nominative plural)
pirksta (genitive singular)
pirkstu (genitive plural)
pirkstam (dative singular)
pirkstiem (dative plural)
pirkstu (accusative singular)
pirkstus (accusative plural)
pirkstu (instrumental singular)
pirkstiem (instrumental plural)
pirkstā (locative singular)
pirkstos (locative plural)
pirkst (singular vocative)
pirksti (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pírštan, from Proto-Indo-European *per (“over”) (whence also Latvian par, q.v.) in its reduced grade *pr̥, with *stā- (“to stand”) (whence also Latvian stāt (“to stop”), q.v.). The original meaning was therefore “(the one(s)) standing in front, directed to(ward) the front.” Cognates include Lithuanian pir̃štas, Old Prussian pīrsten (probably masculine accusative), nagepristis (“toe nails, claws”) (< *nagepirstis), Proto-Slavic *pьrstъ (Russian archaic перст (perst), Ukrainian перст (perst), Upper Sorbian porst, Bulgarian пръст (prǎst), Czech prst, Polish parst), Old High German first (“spike, protuberance”), German First (“ridge, top”), Sanskrit पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭhám, “back, tip, ending”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀 (paršta, “backbone, spine”), Latin postis (“post, doorpost”) (< *porstis “the one standing in front”).

cog

slaidi, gari pirksti

līki pirksti

pirksta locītava

pirksta kauli, gali

pirkstu nospiedums

lielais pirksts

rādītāja pirksts, rādītājpirksts

vidējais pirksts

skaitīt uz pirkstiem

(anatomy) finger, toe (movable extremities of the hand or foot)


nominatīvs

nominatīvs (nominative singular)
nominatīva (genitive singular)
nominatīvam (dative singular)
nominatīvu (accusative singular)
nominatīvu (instrumental singular)
nominatīvā (locative singular)
nominatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Latin nōminātīvus.


akuzatīvs

akuzatīvs (nominative singular)
akuzatīva (genitive singular)
akuzatīvam (dative singular)
akuzatīvu (accusative singular)
akuzatīvu (instrumental singular)
akuzatīvā (locative singular)
akuzatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin accūsātīvus.

akuzatīvs atbild uz jautājumu “ko?”

the accusative answers the question 'whom?'

grammatical case
grammatical case#English

(grammar) accusative case (the grammatical case that marks the direct object)


ģenitīvs

ģenitīvs (nominative singular)
ģenitīva (genitive singular)
ģenitīvam (dative singular)
ģenitīvu (accusative singular)
ģenitīvu (instrumental singular)
ģenitīvā (locative singular)
ģenitīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin genitīvus.


datīvs

datīvs (nominative singular)
datīva (genitive singular)
datīvam (dative singular)
datīvu (accusative singular)
datīvu (instrumental singular)
datīvā (locative singular)
datīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin datīvus.


instrumentālis

instrumentālis (nominative singular)
instrumentāļa (genitive singular)
instrumentālim (dative singular)
instrumentāli (accusative singular)
instrumentāli (instrumental singular)
instrumentālī (locative singular)
instrumentāli (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin instrumentālis.


lokatīvs

lokatīvs (nominative singular)
lokatīva (genitive singular)
lokatīvam (dative singular)
lokatīvu (accusative singular)
lokatīvu (instrumental singular)
lokatīvā (locative singular)
lokatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin locātīvus.


vokatīvs

vokatīvs (nominative singular)
vokatīva (genitive singular)
vokatīvam (dative singular)
vokatīvu (accusative singular)
vokatīvu (instrumental singular)
vokatīvā (locative singular)
vokatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin vocātīvus.


vienskaitlis

vienskaitlis (nominative singular)
vienskaitļa (genitive singular)
vienskaitlim (dative singular)
vienskaitli (accusative singular)
vienskaitli (instrumental singular)
vienskaitlī (locative singular)
vienskaitli (singular vocative)

From vien + skaitlis, a calque of German Einzahl.

Lietvārdi var būt locīti gan vienskaitlī, gan daudzskaitlī.

Nouns can be inflected both in the singular and in the plural.


daudzskaitlis

daudzskaitlis (nominative singular)
daudzskaitļa (genitive singular)
daudzskaitlim (dative singular)
daudzskaitli (accusative singular)
daudzskaitli (instrumental singular)
daudzskaitlī (locative singular)
daudzskaitli (singular vocative)

From daudz + skaitlis, a calque of German Mehrzahl.


sīpols

sīpols (nominative singular)
sīpoli (nominative plural)
sīpola (genitive singular)
sīpolu (genitive plural)
sīpolam (dative singular)
sīpoliem (dative plural)
sīpolu (accusative singular)
sīpolus (accusative plural)
sīpolu (instrumental singular)
sīpoliem (instrumental plural)
sīpolā (locative singular)
sīpolos (locative plural)
sīpol (singular vocative)
sīpoli (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch sipol (cf. Middle Low German sipolle, German Zwiebel), itself a borrowing from Italian cipollo, from Latin cīpulla, cepulla, the diminutive form of cēpa, of uncertain origin (perhaps a borrowing from an unattested Ancient Greek word.)

mati nosirmo kad mata sīpolā attiecīgs iecirknis pārstāj ražot pigmentu

hairs become gray when the respective region of the hair follicle stops producing pigment

ir dažādas metodes lieko matu likvidēšanai, taču visām ir būtisks trūkums: tās neiznīcina mata sīpolu

there are various methods to eliminate excess hair, but they all have an essential flaw: they do not destroy the hair follicle

(anatomy) follicle (part of the hair situated under the skin)


acs

acs (nominative singular)
acis (nominative plural)
acs (genitive singular)
acu (genitive plural)
acij (dative singular)
acīm (dative plural)
aci (accusative singular)
acis (accusative plural)
aci (instrumental singular)
acīm (instrumental plural)
acī (locative singular)
acīs (locative plural)
acs (singular vocative)
acis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic (perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic) *ak-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Cognates include Lithuanian aki̇̀s, Old Prussian ackis (plural), Proto-Slavic *oko (“eye”) (Old Church Slavonic око (oko), Russian, Ukrainian о́ко (óko), Bulgarian око́ (okó), Czech, Polish oko), Proto-Germanic *ago (> *augô under the influence of *ausô (“ear”); Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō), German Auge, Dutch oog, English eye), Sanskrit अक्षि (ákṣi), Armenian ակն (akn), Ancient Greek ὤψ (ṓps, “eye, face”), Latin oculus.

zilas, brūnas, melnas acis

lielas, mazas acis

šauras, šķības acis

acu vāki (= plakstiņi)

dzīvas, skumjas acis

viltīgas acis

acu pilienis

atvērt, aizvērt acis

mirkšķināt acis


kārpa

kārpa (nominative singular)
kārpas (nominative plural)
kārpas (genitive singular)
kārpu (genitive plural)
kārpai (dative singular)
kārpām (dative plural)
kārpu (accusative singular)
kārpas (accusative plural)
kārpu (instrumental singular)
kārpām (instrumental plural)
kārpā (locative singular)
kārpās (locative plural)
kārpa (singular vocative)
kārpas (plural vocative)


drudzis

drudzis (nominative singular)
drudži (nominative plural)
drudža (genitive singular)
drudžu (genitive plural)
drudzim (dative singular)
drudžiem (dative plural)
drudzi (accusative singular)
drudžus (accusative plural)
drudzi (instrumental singular)
drudžiem (instrumental plural)
drudzī (locative singular)
drudžos (locative plural)
drudzi (singular vocative)
drudži (plural vocative)


brīvība

brīvība (nominative singular)
brīvības (nominative plural)
brīvības (genitive singular)
brīvību (genitive plural)
brīvībai (dative singular)
brīvībām (dative plural)
brīvību (accusative singular)
brīvības (accusative plural)
brīvību (instrumental singular)
brīvībām (instrumental plural)
brīvībā (locative singular)
brīvībās (locative plural)
brīvība (singular vocative)
brīvības (plural vocative)

From brīvs (“free”) + -ība. First attested in the late 18th, early 19th century with the meaning (legally, juridically given) “permission,” “privilege.”

brīvība un nepieciešamība

(philosophy) freedom (the capacity to realize and express one's will, in accordance with the laws of nature)


kāja

kāja (nominative singular)
kājas (nominative plural)
kājas (genitive singular)
kāju (genitive plural)
kājai (dative singular)
kājām (dative plural)
kāju (accusative singular)
kājas (accusative plural)
kāju (instrumental singular)
kājām (instrumental plural)
kājā (locative singular)
kājās (locative plural)
kāja (singular vocative)
kājas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *kāy-a, from Proto-Indo-European *kāi-, a stem of unclear origin:
* It is possible that the initial *k is an irregular reflex of an earlier *gʷ, in which case Latvian kāja and its cognates might be derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʷā- (“to come, to go”); compare Latvian kāja : gāja (“he went”) with Sanskrit कायः (kā́yaḥ, “body, flesh”) : गयः (gājaḥ, “gait, motion”).
* Another hypothesis suggests a connection between Latvian kāja and Ancient Greek κίω (kíō, “to go”), κινέω (kinéō, “to move, too put in motion”), Latin cieō (“to move”).
Cognate include Lithuanian koja, Sudovian kaj ([kāj(a)]), Sanskrit कायः (kā́yaḥ, “body, flesh”).

spēcīgas, slaidas kājas

plata, maza kāja

kāju pirksti

aut kājas

to put shoes on (lit. to shoe (one's) leg/foot)

atputināt kājas

lēkāt uz vienas kājas

kāju slauķis, kājslauķis

koka kāja

no galvas līdz kājām

viņam veiklas, vieglas kājas

he has agile, light legs (he walks easily)

spēlēt futbolu bez kāju sargiem ir diezgan bīstami

to play football/soccer without leg protection is quite dangerous

Juris kādu rītu uzāva kājās garos, melnos zābakus

every morning, Juris put long, black boots on (his feet)

mežā pavisam tumšs... mēs ar Ati ejam lēni, taustīdamies, kājas augstu celdami

in the forest it was dark... Atis and I walked slowly, gropingly, lifting (our) legs high

(anatomy) leg, foot (people's lower limb, organ of support and locomotion)

zirga kāja

dzērves kāja

zirneklis ar garām kājām

(anatomy) leg, foot (corresponding organ in animals)


miesa

miesa (nominative singular)
miesas (nominative plural)
miesas (genitive singular)
miesu (genitive plural)
miesai (dative singular)
miesām (dative plural)
miesu (accusative singular)
miesas (accusative plural)
miesu (instrumental singular)
miesām (instrumental plural)
miesā (locative singular)
miesās (locative plural)
miesa (singular vocative)
miesas (plural vocative)

From *mēnsā́ˀ, the plural of Proto-Balto-Slavic *mḗns, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms.
This stem has variants (*mē- > *mei-; cf. maiss) and may have originally been the name of some animal species (cf. *moysós (“sheep”), and secondarily also the source of words for its meat, skin, or limbs. Semantically, miesa became restricted to “flesh” while its synonym gaļa (q.v.) became “meat,” but its original wider meaning can still be seen in the derived term miesnieks (“butcher”).

lode skārusi miesu

stingra, raupja miesa

pieņemties miesās

to increase in the flesh (= to become fatter)

kristies miesās

to fall in the flesh (= to become thinner)

mātes miesās

in the mother's womb (lit. flesh, i.e., not yet born)

miesas uzbūve

miesas krāsa

miesas bojājums

miesas kārība, miesaskārība

(anatomy) flesh, muscle and fat tissue of a human or animal body


balss

balss (nominative singular)
balsis (nominative plural)
balss (genitive singular)
balsu (genitive plural)
balsij (dative singular)
balsīm (dative plural)
balsi (accusative singular)
balsis (accusative plural)
balsi (instrumental singular)
balsīm (instrumental plural)
balsī (locative singular)
balsīs (locative plural)
balss (singular vocative)
balsis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *balsas, from the o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-, *bʰol- (“to sound, to speak, to roar, to bark”), with an extra suffix -so (*bʰol-so-s). Cognates include Lithuanian bal̃sas, Russian болтать (boltatʹ, “to chat, to chatter”), dialectal балдить (balditʹ, “to often repeat the same thing”), Old High German bellan, German bellen (“to bark”), Middle Low German bulderen, German poltern (“to rumble; to speak loud”).

spēcīga balss

balss trīc, dreb

balss tembrs, spēks, augstums

balss aparāts

balss saites

lasīt balsī

to read out loud (lit. to read in voice)

pacelt, raudāt balsi

respiratory tract
respiratory tract#English

(anatomy) voice (sound produced by the human respiratory tract for speaking, singing, etc.)


darbība

darbība (nominative singular)
darbības (nominative plural)
darbības (genitive singular)
darbību (genitive plural)
darbībai (dative singular)
darbībām (dative plural)
darbību (accusative singular)
darbības (accusative plural)
darbību (instrumental singular)
darbībām (instrumental plural)
darbībā (locative singular)
darbībās (locative plural)
darbība (singular vocative)
darbības (plural vocative)


darbības vārds

darbības vārds (nominative singular)
darbības vārdi (nominative plural)
darbības vārda (genitive singular)
darbības vārdu (genitive plural)
darbības vārdam (dative singular)
darbības vārdiem (dative plural)
darbības vārdu (accusative singular)
darbības vārdus (accusative plural)
darbības vārdu (instrumental singular)
darbības vārdiem (instrumental plural)
darbības vārdā (locative singular)
darbības vārdos (locative plural)
darbības vārd (singular vocative)
darbības vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally 'action word', apparently a calque of German Tätigkeitswort coined by Pēteris Abuls in 1902, which soon became the accepted standard instead of previous coinages, such as K. Mīlenbahs' izteiksmes vārds (“expression word”) or laika vārds (“time word”) (compare German Zeitwort), or J. Neikens' 1850 term darīšanas vārds (“making word”).

darbības vārdu locīšana

nenoteiksme (infinitīvs) ir darbības vārda pamatforma

the infinitive is the basic form of a verb

(grammar) verb (a word that indicates an action, event or state; the head of the predicate)


dzimumorgāns

dzimumorgāns (nominative singular)
dzimumorgāni (nominative plural)
dzimumorgāna (genitive singular)
dzimumorgānu (genitive plural)
dzimumorgānam (dative singular)
dzimumorgāniem (dative plural)
dzimumorgānu (accusative singular)
dzimumorgānus (accusative plural)
dzimumorgānu (instrumental singular)
dzimumorgāniem (instrumental plural)
dzimumorgānā (locative singular)
dzimumorgānos (locative plural)
dzimumorgān (singular vocative)
dzimumorgāni (plural vocative)

From dzimums (“sex, gender”) + orgāns (“organ”).


vagīna

vagīna (nominative singular)
vagīnas (nominative plural)
vagīnas (genitive singular)
vagīnu (genitive plural)
vagīnai (dative singular)
vagīnām (dative plural)
vagīnu (accusative singular)
vagīnas (accusative plural)
vagīnu (instrumental singular)
vagīnām (instrumental plural)
vagīnā (locative singular)
vagīnās (locative plural)
vagīna (singular vocative)
vagīnas (plural vocative)


loceklis

loceklis (nominative singular)
locekļi (nominative plural)
locekļa (genitive singular)
locekļu (genitive plural)
loceklim (dative singular)
locekļiem (dative plural)
locekli (accusative singular)
locekļus (accusative plural)
locekli (instrumental singular)
locekļiem (instrumental plural)
loceklī (locative singular)
locekļos (locative plural)
locekli (singular vocative)
locekļi (plural vocative)


skaitlis

skaitlis (nominative singular)
skaitļi (nominative plural)
skaitļa (genitive singular)
skaitļu (genitive plural)
skaitlim (dative singular)
skaitļiem (dative plural)
skaitli (accusative singular)
skaitļus (accusative plural)
skaitli (instrumental singular)
skaitļiem (instrumental plural)
skaitlī (locative singular)
skaitļos (locative plural)
skaitli (singular vocative)
skaitļi (plural vocative)


īpašības vārds

īpašības vārds (nominative singular)
īpašības vārdi (nominative plural)
īpašības vārda (genitive singular)
īpašības vārdu (genitive plural)
īpašības vārdam (dative singular)
īpašības vārdiem (dative plural)
īpašības vārdu (accusative singular)
īpašības vārdus (accusative plural)
īpašības vārdu (instrumental singular)
īpašības vārdiem (instrumental plural)
īpašības vārdā (locative singular)
īpašības vārdos (locative plural)
īpašības vārd (singular vocative)
īpašības vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “quality/property word,” a calque of German Eigenschaftswort coined by J. Neikens in 1850 and accepted by A. Kronvalds.

īpašības vārdi ir patstāvīgi vārdi, kas nosauc priekšmetu pazīmes

adjectives are independent words that designate the features of an object

(grammar) adjective (a word used to qualify or modify a noun)


auglis

auglis (nominative singular)
augļi (nominative plural)
augļa (genitive singular)
augļu (genitive plural)
auglim (dative singular)
augļiem (dative plural)
augli (accusative singular)
augļus (accusative plural)
augli (instrumental singular)
augļiem (instrumental plural)
auglī (locative singular)
augļos (locative plural)
augli (singular vocative)
augļi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as augt (“to grow”), with an extra l, made into a masculine second-declension noun (ending -is).

augļa kustības

uzturam grūtniecības laikā ir jāsatur visas augļa attīstībai vajadzīgas vielas

the diet during pregnancy must contain all the substances necessary to the development of the fetus

(embryology) fetus (mammalian organism between the embryonary stage and birth)

gada augļi

augļu augļi

compound interest (lit. interest of interest)

ieguldītais kapitāls sāka nest augļus

the invested capital began to produce interest (lit. to bear fruit(s))

(economics, in the plural) interest, income from interest


substantīvs

substantīvs (nominative singular)
substantīvi (nominative plural)
substantīva (genitive singular)
substantīvu (genitive plural)
substantīvam (dative singular)
substantīviem (dative plural)
substantīvu (accusative singular)
substantīvus (accusative plural)
substantīvu (instrumental singular)
substantīviem (instrumental plural)
substantīvā (locative singular)
substantīvos (locative plural)
substantīv (singular vocative)
substantīvi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin substantīvus (“substantive, self-existent”).

bor

verbāls substantīvs

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


adjektīvs

adjektīvs (nominative singular)
adjektīvi (nominative plural)
adjektīva (genitive singular)
adjektīvu (genitive plural)
adjektīvam (dative singular)
adjektīviem (dative plural)
adjektīvu (accusative singular)
adjektīvus (accusative plural)
adjektīvu (instrumental singular)
adjektīviem (instrumental plural)
adjektīvā (locative singular)
adjektīvos (locative plural)
adjektīv (singular vocative)
adjektīvi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin adiectīvus (“adjective”).

adjektīvu locīšana

adjektīvu salīdzināmās pakāpes


numerālis

numerālis (nominative singular)
numerāļi (nominative plural)
numerāļa (genitive singular)
numerāļu (genitive plural)
numerālim (dative singular)
numerāļiem (dative plural)
numerāli (accusative singular)
numerāļus (accusative plural)
numerāli (instrumental singular)
numerāļiem (instrumental plural)
numerālī (locative singular)
numerāļos (locative plural)
numerāli (singular vocative)
numerāļi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin numerālis (“numeral”).

decimāls numerālis

adjektīva un numerāļa izveide

the formation of adjectives and numerals

numerāļu locījumu formas

(grammar) numeral (a word used to indicate a number)


prepozīcija

prepozīcija (nominative singular)
prepozīcijas (nominative plural)
prepozīcijas (genitive singular)
prepozīciju (genitive plural)
prepozīcijai (dative singular)
prepozīcijām (dative plural)
prepozīciju (accusative singular)
prepozīcijas (accusative plural)
prepozīciju (instrumental singular)
prepozīcijām (instrumental plural)
prepozīcijā (locative singular)
prepozīcijās (locative plural)
prepozīcija (singular vocative)
prepozīcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin praepositiō (“preposition”).

prepozīcija ir nelokāma vārdsķira

preposition is an uninflectable word class

(grammar) preposition (a word used to build a phrase with a noun to express an adverbial notion)


konjunkcija

konjunkcija (nominative singular)
konjunkcijas (nominative plural)
konjunkcijas (genitive singular)
konjunkciju (genitive plural)
konjunkcijai (dative singular)
konjunkcijām (dative plural)
konjunkciju (accusative singular)
konjunkcijas (accusative plural)
konjunkciju (instrumental singular)
konjunkcijām (instrumental plural)
konjunkcijā (locative singular)
konjunkcijās (locative plural)
konjunkcija (singular vocative)
konjunkcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin coniūnctiō (“conjunction”).

saiklis jeb konjunkcija ir vārdšķira

conjunction (saiklis) or conjunction (konjunckija) is a word class

(grammar) conjunction (a word used to join words or phrases into sentences)


interjekcija

interjekcija (nominative singular)
interjekcijas (nominative plural)
interjekcijas (genitive singular)
interjekciju (genitive plural)
interjekcijai (dative singular)
interjekcijām (dative plural)
interjekciju (accusative singular)
interjekcijas (accusative plural)
interjekciju (instrumental singular)
interjekcijām (instrumental plural)
interjekcijā (locative singular)
interjekcijās (locative plural)
interjekcija (singular vocative)
interjekcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin interiectiō (“interjection”).

interjekcija ir nelokāma vārdšķira

interjection is an uninflectable word class

(grammar) interjection (a word or phrase used as an exclamation, often as an expression of emotion)


apstākļa vārds

apstākļa vārds (nominative singular)
apstākļa vārdi (nominative plural)
apstākļa vārda (genitive singular)
apstākļa vārdu (genitive plural)
apstākļa vārdam (dative singular)
apstākļa vārdiem (dative plural)
apstākļa vārdu (accusative singular)
apstākļa vārdus (accusative plural)
apstākļa vārdu (instrumental singular)
apstākļa vārdiem (instrumental plural)
apstākļa vārdā (locative singular)
apstākļa vārdos (locative plural)
apstākļa vārd (singular vocative)
apstākļa vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “circumstance word,” a calque of German Umstandswort coined by Andrejs Stērste in 1879.

apstākļa vārdu lietojums teikumā

apstākļa vārdu grupas

(grammar, linguistics) adverb (a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb, a phrase or a clause)


vietniekvārds

vietniekvārds (nominative singular)
vietniekvārdi (nominative plural)
vietniekvārda (genitive singular)
vietniekvārdu (genitive plural)
vietniekvārdam (dative singular)
vietniekvārdiem (dative plural)
vietniekvārdu (accusative singular)
vietniekvārdus (accusative plural)
vietniekvārdu (instrumental singular)
vietniekvārdiem (instrumental plural)
vietniekvārdā (locative singular)
vietniekvārdos (locative plural)
vietniekvārd (singular vocative)
vietniekvārdi (plural vocative)
vietnieku vārds (alternative)

From vietnieks (“replacement”) + vārds (“word”). A neologism coined by Juris Neikens as vietnieku vārds in 1850. The compound form originated and found wide acceptance in the 1930s.

compound

vietniekvārdu locīšana

nenoteiktie vietniekvārdi

jautājamie vietniekvārdi

norādāmie vietniekvārdi

personas vietniekvārds

piederības vietniekvārds

attieksmes, relatīvais vietniekvārds

vietniekvārdi pieder pie tām vārdu šķirām, kas ir aktīvas dažāda tipa tekstu veidošanas procesā

pronouns belong to those word classes which are active in different types of text-making processes

(grammar) pronoun (a word used to refer anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase)


skaitļa vārds

skaitļa vārds (nominative singular)
skaitļa vārdi (nominative plural)
skaitļa vārda (genitive singular)
skaitļa vārdu (genitive plural)
skaitļa vārdam (dative singular)
skaitļa vārdiem (dative plural)
skaitļa vārdu (accusative singular)
skaitļa vārdus (accusative plural)
skaitļa vārdu (instrumental singular)
skaitļa vārdiem (instrumental plural)
skaitļa vārdā (locative singular)
skaitļa vārdos (locative plural)
skaitļa vārd (singular vocative)
skaitļa vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “number word,” a calque of German Zahlwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as skaitļa vārdiņš; later changed by Andrejs Stērste to skaitļa vārds, which became the standard form.

pamata skaitļa vārdi

kārtas skaitļa vārdi

skaitļa vārdu deklinācija


prievārds

prievārds (nominative singular)
prievārdi (nominative plural)
prievārda (genitive singular)
prievārdu (genitive plural)
prievārdam (dative singular)
prievārdiem (dative plural)
prievārdu (accusative singular)
prievārdus (accusative plural)
prievārdu (instrumental singular)
prievārdiem (instrumental plural)
prievārdā (locative singular)
prievārdos (locative plural)
prievārd (singular vocative)
prievārdi (plural vocative)

A new word, coined in the 1940s (mentioned in the 1942 Latvian Orthographic Dictionary, Latviešu Valodas Pareizrakstības Vārdnīca) to replace the previous expression satiksmes vārds (lit. “joining word”), from prie- (“front”) + vārds (“word”).

vairums mūsdienu latviešu literārajā valodā lietojamo prievārdu ir senas cilmes... tādi, piemēram, ir aiz, ap, ar, no, pa, pie, uz

most prepositions in use in the modern Latvian literary language are of old origin... such, for instance, are aiz, ap, ar, no, pa, pie, uz


izsauksmes vārds

izsauksmes vārds (nominative singular)
izsauksmes vārdi (nominative plural)
izsauksmes vārda (genitive singular)
izsauksmes vārdu (genitive plural)
izsauksmes vārdam (dative singular)
izsauksmes vārdiem (dative plural)
izsauksmes vārdu (accusative singular)
izsauksmes vārdus (accusative plural)
izsauksmes vārdu (instrumental singular)
izsauksmes vārdiem (instrumental plural)
izsauksmes vārdā (locative singular)
izsauksmes vārdos (locative plural)
izsauksmes vārd (singular vocative)
izsauksmes vārdi (plural vocative)

izsauksmes vārdi ir skaniski signāli, kas vēstī par psihiskiem stāvokļiem

interjections are sound signals that tell about mental states


saiklis

saiklis (nominative singular)
saikļi (nominative plural)
saikļa (genitive singular)
saikļu (genitive plural)
saiklim (dative singular)
saikļiem (dative plural)
saikli (accusative singular)
saikļus (accusative plural)
saikli (instrumental singular)
saikļiem (instrumental plural)
saiklī (locative singular)
saikļos (locative plural)
saikli (singular vocative)
saikļi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verb siet (“to tie, to bind”), with vowel change (ie > ai; cf. saite) and an extra suffix tl: *saitl- > saiklis. The original meaning was that of “tie,” “rope” (now saite), still attested dialectally; later on it took its current grammatical meaning, replacing earlier proposed forms like jūgu-vardiņi, biedrotājs and saišķis.

vienojuma, vienojamais saiklis

pretstatījuma, pretstata saiklis

paskaidrojuma saiklis

pieļāvuma saiklis


apstāklis

apstāklis (nominative singular)
apstākļi (nominative plural)
apstākļa (genitive singular)
apstākļu (genitive plural)
apstāklim (dative singular)
apstākļiem (dative plural)
apstākli (accusative singular)
apstākļus (accusative plural)
apstākli (instrumental singular)
apstākļiem (instrumental plural)
apstāklī (locative singular)
apstākļos (locative plural)
apstākli (singular vocative)
apstākļi (plural vocative)

Calque of German Umstand, coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1872 from ap- + the stem of the verb stāt (“to stop, to stand”) (q.v.) + -klis (cf. also apstāt (“to encircle, to surround”)). The term būšana (“being; situation”) had been previously used in this sense.

vietas apstāklis

lauka apstāklis

veida apstākļa palīgteikums

apstākļa vārds

(grammar, linguistics) circumstance, (adverbial) complement, adverbial