rinda

rinda (nominative singular)
rindas (nominative plural)
rindu (accusative singular)
rindas (accusative plural)
rindas (genitive singular)
rindu (genitive plural)
rindai (dative singular)
rindām (dative plural)
rindu (instrumental singular)
rindām (instrumental plural)
rindā (locative singular)
rindās (locative plural)
rinda (singular vocative)
rindas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *rinda, maybe from Proto-Indo-European *arēydʰ-, *rēydʰ-, *h₂rey-, derived from *h₂er- (“to unite, to fit”). Cognates include Lithuanian rindà, Old Church Slavonic рѧдъ (rędŭ), Russian ряд (rjad), Bulgarian ред (red), Polish rząd, Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raidjan, “organize, define”), 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (garaiþs, “organized, ordered”), Old Norse greida (“unfold, arrange”), German bereit (“ready”), Persian رده (rade, “row, category”).


hlorofils

hlorofils (nominative singular)
hlorofili (nominative plural)
hlorofilu (accusative singular)
hlorofilus (accusative plural)
hlorofila (genitive singular)
hlorofilu (genitive plural)
hlorofilam (dative singular)
hlorofiliem (dative plural)
hlorofilu (instrumental singular)
hlorofiliem (instrumental plural)
hlorofilā (locative singular)
hlorofilos (locative plural)
hlorofil (singular vocative)
hlorofili (plural vocative)


paduse

paduse (nominative singular)
paduses (nominative plural)
padusi (accusative singular)
paduses (accusative plural)
paduses (genitive singular)
padušu (genitive plural)
padusei (dative singular)
padusēm (dative plural)
padusi (instrumental singular)
padusēm (instrumental plural)
padusē (locative singular)
padusēs (locative plural)
paduse (singular vocative)
paduses (plural vocative)

From pa- + an older term *dusa (“arm, shoulder”) (maybe *dusis?), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dus-, from the zero grade *dus- of Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“arm”) (whence Sanskrit दोषान् (doṣán-), दो (do, “arm, forearm”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱- (daoš-, “upper arm, shoulder”)). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic пазуха (pazuxa), Belarusian, Ukrainian and Russian па́зуха (pázuxa), Czech, Polish pazucha.

lapu paduses

(botany) space under a stem or (forked) branch


piere

piere (nominative singular)
pieres (nominative plural)
pieri (accusative singular)
pieres (accusative plural)
pieres (genitive singular)
pieru (genitive plural)
pierei (dative singular)
pierēm (dative plural)
pieri (instrumental singular)
pierēm (instrumental plural)
pierē (locative singular)
pierēs (locative plural)
piere (singular vocative)
pieres (plural vocative)

From an earlier *priere ( > piere by dissimilation), from *prie (“in front of, ahead of”). The meaning change, “in front of” > “forehead,” is similar to the evolution of the English term (compare fore).

ļoti laba jēru barība rudenī ir cukurbiešu lapas kopā ar biešu pierēm

very good food for lambs in the autumn is sugar beet leaves together with beet foreheads

(botany) a shrunk stem or trunk, on the surface of which leaves can grow


vēzis

vēzis (nominative singular)
vēži (nominative plural)
vēzi (accusative singular)
vēžus (accusative plural)
vēža (genitive singular)
vēžu (genitive plural)
vēzim (dative singular)
vēžiem (dative plural)
vēzi (instrumental singular)
vēžiem (instrumental plural)
vēzī (locative singular)
vēžos (locative plural)
vēzi (singular vocative)
vēži (plural vocative)

There are various opinions about the origin of this word. Some derive it from the verb vēzēt (“to swing quickly (from one side to the other)”), or from the verb vēzt (“to drag (sideways, back)”); others relate it to Lithuanian verb vóžti (“to shut, to cover”); others compare it to Sanskrit वाह्यकी (vāhyakī), वाहक (vāhaka, “some poisonous insect”). Cognates include Lithuanian vėžỹs.

āboliņa vēzis

augļu koku vēzis

kartupeļu vēzis

(botany) plant disease characterized by growths on the trunk or roots


sēkla

sēkla (nominative singular)
sēklas (nominative plural)
sēklu (accusative singular)
sēklas (accusative plural)
sēklas (genitive singular)
sēklu (genitive plural)
sēklai (dative singular)
sēklām (dative plural)
sēklu (instrumental singular)
sēklām (instrumental plural)
sēklā (locative singular)
sēklās (locative plural)
sēkla (singular vocative)
sēklas (plural vocative)

Common Baltic, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂éytlom (“lifetime, lifespan”). Compare to Lithuanian sėkla.


sīpols

sīpols (nominative singular)
sīpoli (nominative plural)
sīpolu (accusative singular)
sīpolus (accusative plural)
sīpola (genitive singular)
sīpolu (genitive plural)
sīpolam (dative singular)
sīpoliem (dative plural)
sīpolu (instrumental singular)
sīpoliem (instrumental plural)
sīpolā (locative singular)
sīpolos (locative plural)
sīpol (singular vocative)
sīpoli (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch sipol (cf. Middle Low German sipolle, German Zwiebel), itself a borrowing from Italian cipollo, from Latin cīpulla, cepulla, the diminutive form of cēpa, of uncertain origin (perhaps a borrowing from an unattested Ancient Greek word.)

gladiolu, tulpju sīpols

ķiplokam ir salikts sīpols, kas sastāv no vairākiem patstāvīgiem sīpoliem, un katra nolauztā ķiploka daiva izveido jaunu augu

garlic has a compound bulb which consists of several independent bulbs, and every clove of garlic that breaks off originates a new plant

(botany) bulb (a modification of the stem and shriveled leaves of certain plants, among which onions, which accumulates nutrients)


dzīsla

dzīsla (nominative singular)
dzīslas (nominative plural)
dzīslu (accusative singular)
dzīslas (accusative plural)
dzīslas (genitive singular)
dzīslu (genitive plural)
dzīslai (dative singular)
dzīslām (dative plural)
dzīslu (instrumental singular)
dzīslām (instrumental plural)
dzīslā (locative singular)
dzīslās (locative plural)
dzīsla (singular vocative)
dzīslas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *gīsla (or perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic *gīˀ(s)lāˀ), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷi-, *gʷey- (< *gʷeyh₃- “to live”) with an extra -la (ancient Indo-European cultures often linked the idea of “life”, “being alive” with visible blood vessels and tendons).
Cognates
Cognates include Lithuanian gýsla, the second half of Old Prussian pettegislo (“back vein”) (cf. pette (“back”)), Proto-Slavic *gislā, *žila (Russian жи́ла (žíla, “vein, tendon”), Ukrainian жи́ла (žýla), Belarusian жы́ла (žýla), Bulgarian жи́ла (žíla), Czech žíla, Polish żyła), Latin filum (< *gʷʰislom < *gʷiHleh₂) “thread, yarn, fiber, tendon, vein”.

viss augs (driģene) pūkains, vainaglapas ar violetām dzīslām

the whole plant (henbane) is fluffy, with petals with violet veins

lāpu krāsa kāpostiem pelēki zaļa... lapām lielas dzīslas

the color of cabbage leaves (is) grayish-green... the leaves (have) large veins

(botany) leaf vein (part of the leaf vascular system or venation)


čiekurs

čiekurs (nominative singular)
čiekuri (nominative plural)
čiekuru (accusative singular)
čiekurus (accusative plural)
čiekura (genitive singular)
čiekuru (genitive plural)
čiekuram (dative singular)
čiekuriem (dative plural)
čiekuru (instrumental singular)
čiekuriem (instrumental plural)
čiekurā (locative singular)
čiekuros (locative plural)
čiekur (singular vocative)
čiekuri (plural vocative)

ciedra čiekurs

priežu, egļu čiekuri

zaļš čiekurs

lasīt čiekurus

Čiekurkalns

reproductive organ
reproductive organ#English

(botany) conifer cone (the fruit, or reproductive organ, of a conifer tree)


cepurīte

cepurīte (nominative singular)
cepurītes (nominative plural)
cepurīti (accusative singular)
cepurītes (accusative plural)
cepurītes (genitive singular)
cepurīšu (genitive plural)
cepurītei (dative singular)
cepurītēm (dative plural)
cepurīti (instrumental singular)
cepurītēm (instrumental plural)
cepurītē (locative singular)
cepurītēs (locative plural)
cepurīte (singular vocative)
cepurītes (plural vocative)

sēnes cepurīte


pāksts

pāksts (nominative singular)
pākstis (nominative plural)
pāksti (accusative singular)
pākstis (accusative plural)
pāksts (genitive singular)
pākšu (genitive plural)
pākstij (dative singular)
pākstīm (dative plural)
pāksti (instrumental singular)
pākstīm (instrumental plural)
pākstī (locative singular)
pākstīs (locative plural)
pāksts (singular vocative)
pākstis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *pāš-, from the same stem as paksis (“corner junction”): Proto-Indo-European *paḱ- (“to link, to strengthen; joining, connection”). In Latvian, an original *pās- lead to *pāstis (with an extra suffix -t), from which pākstis with an epenthetic k. Semantic evolution: “joint, connection” > “elongated seed cover with two connecting edges” > “dry fruit that opens along lengthwise cracks.” An etymological connection with Russian пасть (pastʹ, “(animal) maw”) has been suggested.

sojas, zirņu, piparu pāksts

izlobīt pupas no pākstīm

vārīt pupas ar visām pākstīm

(botany) pod (a seed case for peas, beans, peppers, etc.)


dzinums

dzinums (nominative singular)
dzinumi (nominative plural)
dzinumu (accusative singular)
dzinumus (accusative plural)
dzinuma (genitive singular)
dzinumu (genitive plural)
dzinumam (dative singular)
dzinumiem (dative plural)
dzinumu (instrumental singular)
dzinumiem (instrumental plural)
dzinumā (locative singular)
dzinumos (locative plural)
dzinum (singular vocative)
dzinumi (plural vocative)

From dzīt (past stem: dzin-) (“to drive; to shoot”) + -ums.

suffix

jauns dzinums

kartupeļu dzinumi

alveju dzinumi

virszemes dzinumi

apakšzemes dzinumi

egļu zaru galos maigā zaļumā vizēja šā gada mīkstie dzinumi

at the ends of the fir branches this year's soft shoots glistened in soft greenness

no Latvijas savvaļas rozēm izplatītākā ir rudā roze, ar rudi sarkaniem dzinumiem

among Latvia's wild roses the most widespread is the red rose, with brownish red shoots

(botany) sprout, shoot (budding growth typical of a certain time period)


kauliņš

kauliņš (nominative singular)
kauliņi (nominative plural)
kauliņu (accusative singular)
kauliņus (accusative plural)
kauliņa (genitive singular)
kauliņu (genitive plural)
kauliņam (dative singular)
kauliņiem (dative plural)
kauliņu (instrumental singular)
kauliņiem (instrumental plural)
kauliņā (locative singular)
kauliņos (locative plural)
kauliņ (singular vocative)
kauliņi (plural vocative)


stiebrs

stiebrs (nominative singular)
stiebri (nominative plural)
stiebru (accusative singular)
stiebrus (accusative plural)
stiebra (genitive singular)
stiebru (genitive plural)
stiebram (dative singular)
stiebriem (dative plural)
stiebru (instrumental singular)
stiebriem (instrumental plural)
stiebrā (locative singular)
stiebros (locative plural)
stiebr (singular vocative)
stiebri (plural vocative)


stumbrs

stumbrs (nominative singular)
stumbri (nominative plural)
stumbru (accusative singular)
stumbrus (accusative plural)
stumbra (genitive singular)
stumbru (genitive plural)
stumbram (dative singular)
stumbriem (dative plural)
stumbru (instrumental singular)
stumbriem (instrumental plural)
stumbrā (locative singular)
stumbros (locative plural)
stumbr (singular vocative)
stumbri (plural vocative)