Venera

Venera (nominative singular)
Veneru (accusative singular)
Veneras (genitive singular)
Venerai (dative singular)
Veneru (instrumental singular)
Venerā (locative singular)
Venera (singular vocative)

From Latin Venus (genitive form Veneris).

lv:Venera (dieviete)
lv:Venera (planēta)

(Roman mythology) Venus (Roman goddess of love)


plats

head

plats (definite platais, comparative platāks, superlative visplatākais, adverb plati)

platais (definite)
platāks (comparative)
visplatākais (superlative)
plati (adverb)
plats (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
plati (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
plata (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
platas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
platu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
platus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
platu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
platas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
plata (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
platu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
platas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
platu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
platam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
platiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
platai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
platām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
platu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
platiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
platu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
platām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
platā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
platos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
platā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
platās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *platús, from *pl̥th₂us < *pleth₂- (“flat”). In Latvian, former u-stem adjectives were assimilated into other classes; *platus gave rise to both an o-stem and a yo-stem variant which later on became independent words, plats and plašs, with different semantic nuances (compare also dobs and dobjš, or ass and ašs); this separation began in the 18th century but became complete only in the 1870s. Cognates include Lithuanian platùs, Old Prussian plat- (from a placename, Platmedyen, where median = “forest”), Sanskrit पृथु (pṛthu, “broad, wide, great, powerful”), Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “broad, wide, flat, smooth”).

cog

platais patskanis

platais e, ē ― broad, lax e, ē (i.e., [æ] instead of [ɛ])

(phonetics) broad, lax (pronounced with relatively large mouth opening)


verbs

verbs (nominative singular)
verbi (nominative plural)
verbu (accusative singular)
verbus (accusative plural)
verba (genitive singular)
verbu (genitive plural)
verbam (dative singular)
verbiem (dative plural)
verbu (instrumental singular)
verbiem (instrumental plural)
verbā (locative singular)
verbos (locative plural)
verb (singular vocative)
verbi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin verbum (“word”).

refleksīvie verbi

pārejošie (transitīvie) verbi

nepārejošie (intransitīvie) verbi

verba kategorijas

verba pamatformas

verba konjugācija

verbu atvasināšana

(grammar) verb (a word that indicates an action, event or state; the head of the predicate)


runa

runa (nominative singular)
runas (nominative plural)
runu (accusative singular)
runas (accusative plural)
runas (genitive singular)
runu (genitive plural)
runai (dative singular)
runām (dative plural)
runu (instrumental singular)
runām (instrumental plural)
runā (locative singular)
runās (locative plural)
runa (singular vocative)
runas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *reu-, *ru-, imitative of speech sounds (from which also Latvian rūkt (“to roar, growl, snarl”), Russian рычать (ryčatʹ, “to roar, growl, snarl”)) with a suffix *-nā. Cognates include Old Irish run, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌰 (rūna, “secret, mystery”) (i.e., that which is said as a secret), Old English rūn, Old Saxon rūna, Middle Low German rūne (“mysterious whisper; runic character”), Old Norse rýna (“to talk secretly”), Old English rūnian (“to whisper; to plot, conspire”), Old High German rūnēn, German raunen (“to whisper”). Latvian runa probably also meant originally “solemn speech” (maybe “mystic ritual”?); still in the 17-19th centuries it was often used to indicate some special kind of communication (e.g., runas dot “to give advice”, lit. “to give talk”, or runas diena “council meeting”, lit. “talking day”).

tiešā, netiešā runa

(grammar) speech (direct or indirect presentation of someone's words)


adverbs

adverbs (nominative singular)
adverbi (nominative plural)
adverbu (accusative singular)
adverbus (accusative plural)
adverba (genitive singular)
adverbu (genitive plural)
adverbam (dative singular)
adverbiem (dative plural)
adverbu (instrumental singular)
adverbiem (instrumental plural)
adverbā (locative singular)
adverbos (locative plural)
adverb (singular vocative)
adverbi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin adverbium.

atvasināt adverbus no adjektīviem

(grammar) adverb (a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb, a phrase or a clause)


Marss

Marss (nominative singular)
Marsu (accusative singular)
Marsa (genitive singular)
Marsam (dative singular)
Marsu (instrumental singular)
Marsā (locative singular)
Mars (singular vocative)

From Latin Mars (“god of war”), from older Latin (older than 75 BC) Māvors. Mamers was his Oscan name. He was also known as Marmor, Marmar and Maris, the latter from the Etruscan deity Maris.

lv:Marss (mitoloģija)
lv:Marss (planēta)

(Roman mythology) Mars (Roman god of war)


centrists

lv-noun

centrists m (1st declension, feminine form: centriste)

centriste (feminine)
centrists (nominative singular)
centristi (nominative plural)
centristu (accusative singular)
centristus (accusative plural)
centrista (genitive singular)
centristu (genitive plural)
centristam (dative singular)
centristiem (dative plural)
centristu (instrumental singular)
centristiem (instrumental plural)
centristā (locative singular)
centristos (locative plural)
centrist (singular vocative)
centristi (plural vocative)

Francijas centrists Bejrū noraida aliansi ar sociālistiem

the French centrist François Bayrou rejects an alliance with the socialists

(politics, philosophy) (male) centrist (a follower or defender of centrism; a politician of the political center)


milze

milze f (5th declension, masculine form: milzis)

milzis (masculine)
milze (nominative singular)
milzes (nominative plural)
milzi (accusative singular)
milzes (accusative plural)
milzes (genitive singular)
milžu (genitive plural)
milzei (dative singular)
milzēm (dative plural)
milzi (instrumental singular)
milzēm (instrumental plural)
milzē (locative singular)
milzēs (locative plural)
milze (singular vocative)
milzes (plural vocative)

From milzis (“(male) giant”) + -e (“fem.”).

viņš Speipnira mugurā jāj deviņas naktis, līdz ierodas pie upes Gjellas un šķērso tās tiltu, kuru sargā milze Modgūda

he rides on the back of Speipnirs for nine nights, until he comes to the river Gjella and crosses the bridge which is guarded by the giantess Modgūda

(folklore, mythology) female giant, giantess (very large, supernaturally strong female being)


lietvārds

lietvārds (nominative singular)
lietvārdi (nominative plural)
lietvārdu (accusative singular)
lietvārdus (accusative plural)
lietvārda (genitive singular)
lietvārdu (genitive plural)
lietvārdam (dative singular)
lietvārdiem (dative plural)
lietvārdu (instrumental singular)
lietvārdiem (instrumental plural)
lietvārdā (locative singular)
lietvārdos (locative plural)
lietvārd (singular vocative)
lietvārdi (plural vocative)

From lieta (“thing, object”) + vārds (“word”), a calque of German Dingwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as lietu-vārds; after some variation (A. Stērste had lietas vārds in 1879, and also K. Mīlenbahs in 1895), J. Pārstrauts suggested the form lietvārds in 1881, which eventually became accepted as standard in the 1940s.

compound

lietvārds daudzskaitļa formā

lietvārdu celmi

lietvārda dzimte

lietvārda deklinācijas

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


apziņa

apziņa (nominative singular)
apziņu (accusative singular)
apziņas (genitive singular)
apziņai (dative singular)
apziņu (instrumental singular)
apziņā (locative singular)
apziņa (singular vocative)

Nominal form of the stem of the verb apzināt, the original meaning of which was “to know, to perceive (something)”; apziņa was therefore initially “knowledge”. In the late 19th century, A. Kronvalds began using this word in the sense of "conviction", "understadning", "consciousness (of something)"; in the 1920s, it became accepted as a philosophy term, corresponding to Russian сознание (soznanije), German Bewusstsein.

apziņas attiecība pret esamību

the relation of consciousness to existence

Sečenovs pierādīja, ka cilvēka apziņa, viņa domas ir galvas smadzeņu darbības rezultāts

Sečenovs showed that human consciousness and thoughts are the result of brain activity

Augusta izmisums auga augumā, kamēr kļuva tik liels, ka nevarēja vairs ietverties viņa apziņā

Augusts' despair grew and grew, until it became so large that it could no longer be apprehended in his consciousness

(philosophy) consciousness (the capacity of the human brain to reflect objective reality)


pūķis

pūķis (nominative singular)
pūķi (nominative plural)
pūķi (accusative singular)
pūķus (accusative plural)
pūķa (genitive singular)
pūķu (genitive plural)
pūķim (dative singular)
pūķiem (dative plural)
pūķi (instrumental singular)
pūķiem (instrumental plural)
pūķī (locative singular)
pūķos (locative plural)
pūķi (singular vocative)
pūķi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Norse púki (“demon, evil spirit”), from Proto-Germanic *pūkô; compare Swedish puke (“house spirit”).

naudas pūķis

mantas pūķis

(mythology, religion) in old Latvian mythology, a household spirit that could be bought, bred, or stolen, and protected the wealth of his owner


Persefone

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).


dievs

lv-noun

dievs m (1st declension, feminine form: dieviete or dieve)

dieviete (feminine)
dieve (feminine)
dievs (nominative singular)
dievi (nominative plural)
dievu (accusative singular)
dievus (accusative plural)
dieva (genitive singular)
dievu (genitive plural)
dievam (dative singular)
dieviem (dative plural)
dievu (instrumental singular)
dieviem (instrumental plural)
dievā (locative singular)
dievos (locative plural)
diev (singular vocative)
dievi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *deiwás, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós. The original meaning was probably “light,” from which “sky” (via “bright one”, “shining one”) (a meaning still found in Proto-Finnic *taivas), whence also “god”.

seno grieķu dievi

romiešu dievi

pagāniskie dievi

kara dievs

(mythology) god (powerful supernatural being that demands worship)


centriste

centriste f (5th declension, masculine form: centrists)

centrists (masculine)
centriste (nominative singular)
centristes (nominative plural)
centristi (accusative singular)
centristes (accusative plural)
centristes (genitive singular)
centristu (genitive plural)
centristei (dative singular)
centristēm (dative plural)
centristi (instrumental singular)
centristēm (instrumental plural)
centristē (locative singular)
centristēs (locative plural)
centriste (singular vocative)
centristes (plural vocative)

From centrists (“centrist”) + -e (“fem.”).

(politics, philosophy) (female) centrist (a follower or defender of centrism; a politician of the political center)


garums

garums (nominative singular)
garumi (nominative plural)
garumu (accusative singular)
garumus (accusative plural)
garuma (genitive singular)
garumu (genitive plural)
garumam (dative singular)
garumiem (dative plural)
garumu (instrumental singular)
garumiem (instrumental plural)
garumā (locative singular)
garumos (locative plural)
garum (singular vocative)
garumi (plural vocative)

patskaņa garumu apzīmē ar svītru virs attiecīgā burta

vowel length is marked with a bar above the corresponding letter

(phonetics, phonology) length (longer pronunciation of a vowel or consonant)


dēmons

dēmons (nominative singular)
dēmoni (nominative plural)
dēmonu (accusative singular)
dēmonus (accusative plural)
dēmona (genitive singular)
dēmonu (genitive plural)
dēmonam (dative singular)
dēmoniem (dative plural)
dēmonu (instrumental singular)
dēmoniem (instrumental plural)
dēmonā (locative singular)
dēmonos (locative plural)
dēmon (singular vocative)
dēmoni (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin daemon (“genius, guardian spirit”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”).

uder

ļaunais dēmons

pielabināt dēmonus

atrasties dēmonu varā

pa nakti dēmoni nāk mani biedēt

during the night, demons come to frighten me

(mythology) demon, devil (supernatural evil being)


Hestija

Hestija (nominative singular)
Hestiju (accusative singular)
Hestijas (genitive singular)
Hestijai (dative singular)
Hestiju (instrumental singular)
Hestijā (locative singular)
Hestija (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἑστία (Hestía).

(Greek mythology) Hestia, the goddess of the hearth and domestic life.


pronomens

pronomens (nominative singular)
pronomeni (nominative plural)
pronomenu (accusative singular)
pronomenus (accusative plural)
pronomena (genitive singular)
pronomenu (genitive plural)
pronomenam (dative singular)
pronomeniem (dative plural)
pronomenu (instrumental singular)
pronomeniem (instrumental plural)
pronomenā (locative singular)
pronomenos (locative plural)
pronomen (singular vocative)
pronomeni (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin prōnōmen (“pronoun”).

pronomenu deklinēšana

(grammar) pronoun (a word used to refer anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase)


diftongs

diftongs (nominative singular)
diftongi (nominative plural)
diftongu (accusative singular)
diftongus (accusative plural)
diftonga (genitive singular)
diftongu (genitive plural)
diftongam (dative singular)
diftongiem (dative plural)
diftongu (instrumental singular)
diftongiem (instrumental plural)
diftongā (locative singular)
diftongos (locative plural)
diftong (singular vocative)
diftongi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos, “two sounds”), from δίς (dís, “twice”) and φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”).

diftonga komponenti

(phonetics, phonology) diphthong (sequence of two different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


manuskripts

manuskripts (nominative singular)
manuskripti (nominative plural)
manuskriptu (accusative singular)
manuskriptus (accusative plural)
manuskripta (genitive singular)
manuskriptu (genitive plural)
manuskriptam (dative singular)
manuskriptiem (dative plural)
manuskriptu (instrumental singular)
manuskriptiem (instrumental plural)
manuskriptā (locative singular)
manuskriptos (locative plural)
manuskript (singular vocative)
manuskripti (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Medieval Latin manuscriptum (“writing by hand”), from Latin manus (“hand”) and scrīptus, the past participle of scrībō (“to write”), apparently a calque of Germanic origin (cf. earlier Middle High German hantschrift, hantgeschrift, Old English handġewrit (“what is written by hand, deed, contract, manuscript”), Old Norse handrit (“manuscript”)).

cog

viduslaiku manuskripts

literatūras muzeju manuskripti

es simtgadīgo ķieģeļu kaudzē atradu vecu manuskriptu... tas bija arābu burtiem ar melnu un sarkanu tušu aprakstīts pergaments

I found an old manuscript in a pile of hundred-year-old bricks... it was a parchment covered with Arabic letters in black and red ink

(history) manuscript (a handwritten text, usually an old one)


dancis

dancis (nominative singular)
danči (nominative plural)
danci (accusative singular)
dančus (accusative plural)
danča (genitive singular)
danču (genitive plural)
dancim (dative singular)
dančiem (dative plural)
danci (instrumental singular)
dančiem (instrumental plural)
dancī (locative singular)
dančos (locative plural)
danci (singular vocative)
danči (plural vocative)

garais dancis

dejot krusta danci

es šajā dancī tik un tā nepiedalīšos

I will not participate like that in this (traditional) dance

(ethnography) Latvian traditional, folkloric dances


partikula

partikula (nominative singular)
partikulas (nominative plural)
partikulu (accusative singular)
partikulas (accusative plural)
partikulas (genitive singular)
partikulu (genitive plural)
partikulai (dative singular)
partikulām (dative plural)
partikulu (instrumental singular)
partikulām (instrumental plural)
partikulā (locative singular)
partikulās (locative plural)
partikula (singular vocative)
partikulas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin particula (“small part, particle”), the diminutive form of pars (“part, piece”).

bor

apgalvojuma partikula

nolieguma partikula

pastriprinājuma partikula

latviešu literārajā valodā ir arī partikulas, kas ir vecs mantojums no indoeiropiešu pamatvalodas... tādas ir partikulas vis, ne, nē

in the Latvian literary language there are also particles that are old inheritances from the Indo-European protolanguage... such are the particles vis, ne, nē

(grammar) grammatical particle (a word that does not belong to any word classes but has a clear grammatical function)


Diāna

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1925. From Latin Diana.


Lilita

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1903. From Hebrew לילית. Cognate to English Lilith.


jods

jods (nominative singular)
jodi (nominative plural)
jodu (accusative singular)
jodus (accusative plural)
joda (genitive singular)
jodu (genitive plural)
jodam (dative singular)
jodiem (dative plural)
jodu (instrumental singular)
jodiem (instrumental plural)
jodā (locative singular)
jodos (locative plural)
jod (singular vocative)
jodi (plural vocative)

(mythology) Latvian mythological being, also called velns; a devil that presides over the dead in a realm under the earth


particips

particips (nominative singular)
participi (nominative plural)
participu (accusative singular)
participus (accusative plural)
participa (genitive singular)
participu (genitive plural)
participam (dative singular)
participiem (dative plural)
participu (instrumental singular)
participiem (instrumental plural)
participā (locative singular)
participos (locative plural)
particip (singular vocative)
participi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin participium (“participle”).

participu deklinēšana

(linguistics, grammar) participle (a verb form having both verbal and adjectival or adverbial properties)


laiks

laiks (nominative singular)
laiki (nominative plural)
laiku (accusative singular)
laikus (accusative plural)
laika (genitive singular)
laiku (genitive plural)
laikam (dative singular)
laikiem (dative plural)
laiku (instrumental singular)
laikiem (instrumental plural)
laikā (locative singular)
laikos (locative plural)
laik (singular vocative)
laiki (plural vocative)


lokatīvs

lokatīvs (nominative singular)
lokatīvu (accusative singular)
lokatīva (genitive singular)
lokatīvam (dative singular)
lokatīvu (instrumental singular)
lokatīvā (locative singular)
lokatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin locātīvus.


vokatīvs

vokatīvs (nominative singular)
vokatīvu (accusative singular)
vokatīva (genitive singular)
vokatīvam (dative singular)
vokatīvu (instrumental singular)
vokatīvā (locative singular)
vokatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin vocātīvus.


akuzatīvs

akuzatīvs (nominative singular)
akuzatīvu (accusative singular)
akuzatīva (genitive singular)
akuzatīvam (dative singular)
akuzatīvu (instrumental singular)
akuzatīvā (locative singular)
akuzatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin accūsātīvus.

akuzatīvs atbild uz jautājumu “ko?”

the accusative answers the question 'whom?'

grammatical case
grammatical case#English

(grammar) accusative case (the grammatical case that marks the direct object)


instrumentālis

instrumentālis (nominative singular)
instrumentāli (accusative singular)
instrumentāļa (genitive singular)
instrumentālim (dative singular)
instrumentāli (instrumental singular)
instrumentālī (locative singular)
instrumentāli (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin instrumentālis.


ģenitīvs

ģenitīvs (nominative singular)
ģenitīvu (accusative singular)
ģenitīva (genitive singular)
ģenitīvam (dative singular)
ģenitīvu (instrumental singular)
ģenitīvā (locative singular)
ģenitīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin genitīvus.


nominatīvs

nominatīvs (nominative singular)
nominatīvu (accusative singular)
nominatīva (genitive singular)
nominatīvam (dative singular)
nominatīvu (instrumental singular)
nominatīvā (locative singular)
nominatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Latin nōminātīvus.


vienskaitlis

vienskaitlis (nominative singular)
vienskaitli (accusative singular)
vienskaitļa (genitive singular)
vienskaitlim (dative singular)
vienskaitli (instrumental singular)
vienskaitlī (locative singular)
vienskaitli (singular vocative)

From vien + skaitlis, a calque of German Einzahl.

Lietvārdi var būt locīti gan vienskaitlī, gan daudzskaitlī.

Nouns can be inflected both in the singular and in the plural.


daudzskaitlis

daudzskaitlis (nominative singular)
daudzskaitli (accusative singular)
daudzskaitļa (genitive singular)
daudzskaitlim (dative singular)
daudzskaitli (instrumental singular)
daudzskaitlī (locative singular)
daudzskaitli (singular vocative)

From daudz + skaitlis, a calque of German Mehrzahl.


datīvs

datīvs (nominative singular)
datīvu (accusative singular)
datīva (genitive singular)
datīvam (dative singular)
datīvu (instrumental singular)
datīvā (locative singular)
datīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin datīvus.


brīvība

brīvība (nominative singular)
brīvības (nominative plural)
brīvību (accusative singular)
brīvības (accusative plural)
brīvības (genitive singular)
brīvību (genitive plural)
brīvībai (dative singular)
brīvībām (dative plural)
brīvību (instrumental singular)
brīvībām (instrumental plural)
brīvībā (locative singular)
brīvībās (locative plural)
brīvība (singular vocative)
brīvības (plural vocative)

From brīvs (“free”) + -ība. First attested in the late 18th, early 19th century with the meaning (legally, juridically given) “permission,” “privilege.”

brīvība un nepieciešamība

(philosophy) freedom (the capacity to realize and express one's will, in accordance with the laws of nature)


darbības vārds

darbības vārds (nominative singular)
darbības vārdi (nominative plural)
darbības vārdu (accusative singular)
darbības vārdus (accusative plural)
darbības vārda (genitive singular)
darbības vārdu (genitive plural)
darbības vārdam (dative singular)
darbības vārdiem (dative plural)
darbības vārdu (instrumental singular)
darbības vārdiem (instrumental plural)
darbības vārdā (locative singular)
darbības vārdos (locative plural)
darbības vārd (singular vocative)
darbības vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally 'action word', apparently a calque of German Tätigkeitswort coined by Pēteris Abuls in 1902, which soon became the accepted standard instead of previous coinages, such as K. Mīlenbahs' izteiksmes vārds (“expression word”) or laika vārds (“time word”) (compare German Zeitwort), or J. Neikens' 1850 term darīšanas vārds (“making word”).

darbības vārdu locīšana

nenoteiksme (infinitīvs) ir darbības vārda pamatforma

the infinitive is the basic form of a verb

(grammar) verb (a word that indicates an action, event or state; the head of the predicate)


skaitlis

skaitlis (nominative singular)
skaitļi (nominative plural)
skaitli (accusative singular)
skaitļus (accusative plural)
skaitļa (genitive singular)
skaitļu (genitive plural)
skaitlim (dative singular)
skaitļiem (dative plural)
skaitli (instrumental singular)
skaitļiem (instrumental plural)
skaitlī (locative singular)
skaitļos (locative plural)
skaitli (singular vocative)
skaitļi (plural vocative)


īpašības vārds

īpašības vārds (nominative singular)
īpašības vārdi (nominative plural)
īpašības vārdu (accusative singular)
īpašības vārdus (accusative plural)
īpašības vārda (genitive singular)
īpašības vārdu (genitive plural)
īpašības vārdam (dative singular)
īpašības vārdiem (dative plural)
īpašības vārdu (instrumental singular)
īpašības vārdiem (instrumental plural)
īpašības vārdā (locative singular)
īpašības vārdos (locative plural)
īpašības vārd (singular vocative)
īpašības vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “quality/property word,” a calque of German Eigenschaftswort coined by J. Neikens in 1850 and accepted by A. Kronvalds.

īpašības vārdi ir patstāvīgi vārdi, kas nosauc priekšmetu pazīmes

adjectives are independent words that designate the features of an object

(grammar) adjective (a word used to qualify or modify a noun)


numerālis

numerālis (nominative singular)
numerāļi (nominative plural)
numerāli (accusative singular)
numerāļus (accusative plural)
numerāļa (genitive singular)
numerāļu (genitive plural)
numerālim (dative singular)
numerāļiem (dative plural)
numerāli (instrumental singular)
numerāļiem (instrumental plural)
numerālī (locative singular)
numerāļos (locative plural)
numerāli (singular vocative)
numerāļi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin numerālis (“numeral”).

decimāls numerālis

adjektīva un numerāļa izveide

the formation of adjectives and numerals

numerāļu locījumu formas

(grammar) numeral (a word used to indicate a number)


substantīvs

substantīvs (nominative singular)
substantīvi (nominative plural)
substantīvu (accusative singular)
substantīvus (accusative plural)
substantīva (genitive singular)
substantīvu (genitive plural)
substantīvam (dative singular)
substantīviem (dative plural)
substantīvu (instrumental singular)
substantīviem (instrumental plural)
substantīvā (locative singular)
substantīvos (locative plural)
substantīv (singular vocative)
substantīvi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin substantīvus (“substantive, self-existent”).

verbāls substantīvs

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


prepozīcija

prepozīcija (nominative singular)
prepozīcijas (nominative plural)
prepozīciju (accusative singular)
prepozīcijas (accusative plural)
prepozīcijas (genitive singular)
prepozīciju (genitive plural)
prepozīcijai (dative singular)
prepozīcijām (dative plural)
prepozīciju (instrumental singular)
prepozīcijām (instrumental plural)
prepozīcijā (locative singular)
prepozīcijās (locative plural)
prepozīcija (singular vocative)
prepozīcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin praepositiō (“preposition”).

prepozīcija ir nelokāma vārdsķira

preposition is an uninflectable word class

(grammar) preposition (a word used to build a phrase with a noun to express an adverbial notion)


adjektīvs

adjektīvs (nominative singular)
adjektīvi (nominative plural)
adjektīvu (accusative singular)
adjektīvus (accusative plural)
adjektīva (genitive singular)
adjektīvu (genitive plural)
adjektīvam (dative singular)
adjektīviem (dative plural)
adjektīvu (instrumental singular)
adjektīviem (instrumental plural)
adjektīvā (locative singular)
adjektīvos (locative plural)
adjektīv (singular vocative)
adjektīvi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin adiectīvus (“adjective”).

adjektīvu locīšana

adjektīvu salīdzināmās pakāpes


konjunkcija

konjunkcija (nominative singular)
konjunkcijas (nominative plural)
konjunkciju (accusative singular)
konjunkcijas (accusative plural)
konjunkcijas (genitive singular)
konjunkciju (genitive plural)
konjunkcijai (dative singular)
konjunkcijām (dative plural)
konjunkciju (instrumental singular)
konjunkcijām (instrumental plural)
konjunkcijā (locative singular)
konjunkcijās (locative plural)
konjunkcija (singular vocative)
konjunkcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin coniūnctiō (“conjunction”).

saiklis jeb konjunkcija ir vārdšķira

conjunction (saiklis) or conjunction (konjunckija) is a word class

(grammar) conjunction (a word used to join words or phrases into sentences)


prievārds

prievārds (nominative singular)
prievārdi (nominative plural)
prievārdu (accusative singular)
prievārdus (accusative plural)
prievārda (genitive singular)
prievārdu (genitive plural)
prievārdam (dative singular)
prievārdiem (dative plural)
prievārdu (instrumental singular)
prievārdiem (instrumental plural)
prievārdā (locative singular)
prievārdos (locative plural)
prievārd (singular vocative)
prievārdi (plural vocative)

A new word, coined in the 1940s (mentioned in the 1942 Latvian Orthographic Dictionary, Latviešu Valodas Pareizrakstības Vārdnīca) to replace the previous expression satiksmes vārds (lit. “joining word”), from prie- (“front”) + vārds (“word”).

vairums mūsdienu latviešu literārajā valodā lietojamo prievārdu ir senas cilmes... tādi, piemēram, ir aiz, ap, ar, no, pa, pie, uz

most prepositions in use in the modern Latvian literary language are of old origin... such, for instance, are aiz, ap, ar, no, pa, pie, uz


interjekcija

interjekcija (nominative singular)
interjekcijas (nominative plural)
interjekciju (accusative singular)
interjekcijas (accusative plural)
interjekcijas (genitive singular)
interjekciju (genitive plural)
interjekcijai (dative singular)
interjekcijām (dative plural)
interjekciju (instrumental singular)
interjekcijām (instrumental plural)
interjekcijā (locative singular)
interjekcijās (locative plural)
interjekcija (singular vocative)
interjekcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin interiectiō (“interjection”).

interjekcija ir nelokāma vārdšķira

interjection is an uninflectable word class

(grammar) interjection (a word or phrase used as an exclamation, often as an expression of emotion)


vietniekvārds

vietniekvārds (nominative singular)
vietniekvārdi (nominative plural)
vietniekvārdu (accusative singular)
vietniekvārdus (accusative plural)
vietniekvārda (genitive singular)
vietniekvārdu (genitive plural)
vietniekvārdam (dative singular)
vietniekvārdiem (dative plural)
vietniekvārdu (instrumental singular)
vietniekvārdiem (instrumental plural)
vietniekvārdā (locative singular)
vietniekvārdos (locative plural)
vietniekvārd (singular vocative)
vietniekvārdi (plural vocative)

From vietnieks (“replacement”) + vārds (“word”). A neologism coined by Juris Neikens as vietnieku vārds in 1850. The compound form originated and found wide acceptance in the 1930s.

compound

vietniekvārdu locīšana

nenoteiktie vietniekvārdi

jautājamie vietniekvārdi

norādāmie vietniekvārdi

personas vietniekvārds

piederības vietniekvārds

attieksmes, relatīvais vietniekvārds

vietniekvārdi pieder pie tām vārdu šķirām, kas ir aktīvas dažāda tipa tekstu veidošanas procesā

pronouns belong to those word classes which are active in different types of text-making processes


saiklis

saiklis (nominative singular)
saikļi (nominative plural)
saikli (accusative singular)
saikļus (accusative plural)
saikļa (genitive singular)
saikļu (genitive plural)
saiklim (dative singular)
saikļiem (dative plural)
saikli (instrumental singular)
saikļiem (instrumental plural)
saiklī (locative singular)
saikļos (locative plural)
saikli (singular vocative)
saikļi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verb siet (“to tie, to bind”), with vowel change (ie > ai; cf. saite) and an extra suffix tl: *saitl- > saiklis. The original meaning was that of “tie,” “rope” (now saite), still attested dialectally; later on it took its current grammatical meaning, replacing earlier proposed forms like jūgu-vardiņi, biedrotājs and saišķis.

vienojuma, vienojamais saiklis

pretstatījuma, pretstata saiklis

paskaidrojuma saiklis

pieļāvuma saiklis


skaitļa vārds

skaitļa vārds (nominative singular)
skaitļa vārdi (nominative plural)
skaitļa vārdu (accusative singular)
skaitļa vārdus (accusative plural)
skaitļa vārda (genitive singular)
skaitļa vārdu (genitive plural)
skaitļa vārdam (dative singular)
skaitļa vārdiem (dative plural)
skaitļa vārdu (instrumental singular)
skaitļa vārdiem (instrumental plural)
skaitļa vārdā (locative singular)
skaitļa vārdos (locative plural)
skaitļa vārd (singular vocative)
skaitļa vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “number word,” a calque of German Zahlwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as skaitļa vārdiņš; later changed by Andrejs Stērste to skaitļa vārds, which became the standard form.

pamata skaitļa vārdi

kārtas skaitļa vārdi

skaitļa vārdu deklinācija


apstāklis

apstāklis (nominative singular)
apstākļi (nominative plural)
apstākli (accusative singular)
apstākļus (accusative plural)
apstākļa (genitive singular)
apstākļu (genitive plural)
apstāklim (dative singular)
apstākļiem (dative plural)
apstākli (instrumental singular)
apstākļiem (instrumental plural)
apstāklī (locative singular)
apstākļos (locative plural)
apstākli (singular vocative)
apstākļi (plural vocative)

Calque of German Umstand, coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1872 from ap- + the stem of the verb stāt (“to stop, to stand”) (q.v.) + -klis (cf. also apstāt (“to encircle, to surround”)). The term būšana (“being; situation”) had been previously used in this sense.

vietas apstāklis

lauka apstāklis

veida apstākļa palīgteikums

apstākļa vārds

(grammar, linguistics) circumstance, (adverbial) complement, adverbial


izsauksmes vārds

izsauksmes vārds (nominative singular)
izsauksmes vārdi (nominative plural)
izsauksmes vārdu (accusative singular)
izsauksmes vārdus (accusative plural)
izsauksmes vārda (genitive singular)
izsauksmes vārdu (genitive plural)
izsauksmes vārdam (dative singular)
izsauksmes vārdiem (dative plural)
izsauksmes vārdu (instrumental singular)
izsauksmes vārdiem (instrumental plural)
izsauksmes vārdā (locative singular)
izsauksmes vārdos (locative plural)
izsauksmes vārd (singular vocative)
izsauksmes vārdi (plural vocative)

izsauksmes vārdi ir skaniski signāli, kas vēstī par psihiskiem stāvokļiem

interjections are sound signals that tell about mental states


apstākļa vārds

apstākļa vārds (nominative singular)
apstākļa vārdi (nominative plural)
apstākļa vārdu (accusative singular)
apstākļa vārdus (accusative plural)
apstākļa vārda (genitive singular)
apstākļa vārdu (genitive plural)
apstākļa vārdam (dative singular)
apstākļa vārdiem (dative plural)
apstākļa vārdu (instrumental singular)
apstākļa vārdiem (instrumental plural)
apstākļa vārdā (locative singular)
apstākļa vārdos (locative plural)
apstākļa vārd (singular vocative)
apstākļa vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “circumstance word,” a calque of German Umstandswort coined by Andrejs Stērste in 1879.

apstākļa vārdu lietojums teikumā

apstākļa vārdu grupas

(grammar, linguistics) adverb (a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb, a phrase or a clause)


drakons

drakons (nominative singular)
drakoni (nominative plural)
drakonu (accusative singular)
drakonus (accusative plural)
drakona (genitive singular)
drakonu (genitive plural)
drakonam (dative singular)
drakoniem (dative plural)
drakonu (instrumental singular)
drakoniem (instrumental plural)
drakonā (locative singular)
drakonos (locative plural)
drakon (singular vocative)
drakoni (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin dracō, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn, “a serpent of huge size, a python, a dragon”), probably from δέρκομαι (dérkomai, “I see clearly”).

der

drakons ir klasisks tetovējums, vienlīdz populārs gan vīriešiem, gan sievietēm

the dragon is a classic tattoo, equally popular with men and with women

(mythology) dragon, winged serpent (reptilian monster that spits fire and devours people and animals)


zemlikas

zemlikas (nominative plural)
zemlikas (accusative plural)
zemliku (genitive plural)
zemlikām (dative plural)
zemlikām (instrumental plural)
zemlikās (locative plural)
zemlikas (plural vocative)

zemliku laiks

zemliku nakts

(mythology, usually in the plural) food offerings to the spirits of the dead; also the time of the year when these offerings should be made


veļu māte

veļu māte (nominative singular)
veļu mātes (nominative plural)
veļu māti (accusative singular)
veļu mātes (accusative plural)
veļu mātes (genitive singular)
veļu māšu (genitive plural)
veļu mātei (dative singular)
veļu mātēm (dative plural)
veļu māti (instrumental singular)
veļu mātēm (instrumental plural)
veļu mātē (locative singular)
veļu mātēs (locative plural)
veļu māte (singular vocative)
veļu mātes (plural vocative)

es redzēju veļu māti pa vārtiem ienākot

I saw the mother of the dead coming by the gate

(mythology) Latvian mythological being, usually with the form of an old woman, who guards the souls of the dead


veļi

veļi (nominative plural)
veļus (accusative plural)
veļu (genitive plural)
veļiem (dative plural)
veļiem (instrumental plural)
veļos (locative plural)
veļi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *welias, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (“tear; pluck; rob; hurt; kill”).
Cognates include Lithuanian vẽlės, vė̃lės (singular vėlė̃, velė̃; compare also veliónis (“dead”)), Proto-Germanic *walaz (“dead”) (Old Norse valr (“fallen in the battlefield”), Valhǫll (“abode of fallen warriors”), valkyrja (“Valkyrie”) (i.e., those who led the dead warriors to Odin), Old High German wal (“battlefield”)), Tocharian A wäl (“to die”), walu (“dead one”).

cog

veļu valstība, valsts

veļu kults

veļu laiks

time of the dead (time in October when the dead return to visit their descendants)

aiziet veļos

(mythology, poetic, usually in the plural) soul of the dead; ghost


bruņas

bruņas (nominative plural)
bruņas (accusative plural)
bruņu (genitive plural)
bruņām (dative plural)
bruņām (instrumental plural)
bruņās (locative plural)
bruņas (plural vocative)

Together with its Old Prussian cognate brunyos, an early borrowing either from Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō, “breastplate”) or from Old High German brunja (“breastplate”) (compare German Brünne (“coat of mail, mail shirt”)), either directly, or via a Slavic language (compare Old Church Slavonic брънѩ (brŭnję), Russian броня́ (bronjá, “armor, breastplate”)).

tērauda, dzelzs bruņas

galvas, krūšu, roku bruņas

kaldināt bruņas

uzvilkt bruņas

bruņās tērpts jātnieks

(history) armor (metal suit or cover that protects the body or a part of it during fights)


Merkurs

Merkurs (nominative singular)
Merkuru (accusative singular)
Merkura (genitive singular)
Merkuram (dative singular)
Merkuru (instrumental singular)
Merkurā (locative singular)
Merkur (singular vocative)

From Latin Mercurius, possibly derived from merx (“merchandise”), or perhaps from an Etruscan source that was influenced by merx.

(Roman mythology) Mercury (Roman god associated with speed)


Neptūns

Neptūns (nominative singular)
Neptūnu (accusative singular)
Neptūna (genitive singular)
Neptūnam (dative singular)
Neptūnu (instrumental singular)
Neptūnā (locative singular)
Neptūn (singular vocative)

(Roman mythology) Neptune (the Roman god of the ocean and of earthquakes)


Urāns

Urāns (nominative singular)
Urānu (accusative singular)
Urāna (genitive singular)
Urānam (dative singular)
Urānu (instrumental singular)
Urānā (locative singular)
Urān (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós, “Uranus (the god)”), from οὐρανός (ouranós, “sky, heaven”).

uder

(Greek mythology) Uranus (the god of the sky and heavens, son and husband to Gaia, with whom he fathered the Titans and the cyclops)


Saturns

Saturns (nominative singular)
Saturnu (accusative singular)
Saturna (genitive singular)
Saturnam (dative singular)
Saturnu (instrumental singular)
Saturnā (locative singular)
Saturn (singular vocative)

From Latin Saturnus, probably of Etruscan origin, plausibly influenced by Latin satus, past participle of serere (“to sow”).

(Roman mythology) Saturn (the Roman god of agriculture, wealth, and time)


Jupiters

Jupiters (nominative singular)
Jupiteru (accusative singular)
Jupitera (genitive singular)
Jupiteram (dative singular)
Jupiteru (instrumental singular)
Jupiterā (locative singular)
Jupiter (singular vocative)

From Latin Iuppiter (“father Jove”), originally a vocative cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”).

cog

lv:Jupiters (mitoloģija)
lv:Jupiters (planēta)

(Roman mythology) Jupiter (the king of the Roman gods, also called Jove)


aizsaule

aizsaule (nominative singular)
aizsauli (accusative singular)
aizsaules (genitive singular)
aizsaulei (dative singular)
aizsauli (instrumental singular)
aizsaulē (locative singular)
aizsaule (singular vocative)

From aiz- (“behind; beyond”) + saule (“sun, world”).

prefix

aiziet aizsaulē

(mythology) beyond, underworld (the subterranean realm of the dead)


amorfs

head

amorfs (definite amorfais, comparative amorfāks, superlative visamorfākais, adverb amorfi)

amorfais (definite)
amorfāks (comparative)
visamorfākais (superlative)
amorfi (adverb)
amorfs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
amorfi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
amorfa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
amorfas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
amorfu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
amorfus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
amorfu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
amorfas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
amorfa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
amorfu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
amorfas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
amorfu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
amorfam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
amorfiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
amorfai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
amorfām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
amorfu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
amorfiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
amorfu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
amorfām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
amorfā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
amorfos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
amorfā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
amorfās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἄμορφος (ámorphos, “without form, shapeless, deformed”), itself from ἀ- (a-, “without”) + μορφή (morphḗ, “form”).

uder

amorfās, izolējošās jeb sakņu valodas

(linguistics, of languages) isolating (having words formed only with roots, without affixes)


šaurs

head

šaurs (definite šaurais, comparative šaurāks, superlative visšaurākais, adverb šauri)

šaurais (definite)
šaurāks (comparative)
visšaurākais (superlative)
šauri (adverb)
šaurs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
šauri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
šaura (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
šauras (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
šauru (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
šaurus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
šauru (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
šauras (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
šaura (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
šauru (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
šauras (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
šauru (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
šauram (dative indefinite masculine singular)
šauriem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
šaurai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
šaurām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
šauru (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
šauriem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
šauru (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
šaurām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
šaurā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
šauros (indefinite locative masculine plural)
šaurā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
šaurās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *siauras, from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to bend, to cut, to drive”), with a suffix *-ro. The meaning evolved from “bent (inward), concave” to “narrow.” Cognates include Lithuanian siaűras.
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁- (“to press, squeeze”) as in सुनोति (sunoti, “to press”).

der

šaurais patskanis

šaurais e, ē ― narrow, tense e, ē (i.e., [ɛ] instead of [æ])

(phonetics) narrow, tense (pronounced with relatively small mouth opening)


garš

head

garš (definite garais, comparative garāks, superlative visgarākais, adverb gari)

garais (definite)
garāks (comparative)
visgarākais (superlative)
gari (adverb)
garš (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
gari (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
gara (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
garas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
garu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
garus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
garu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
garas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
gara (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
garu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
garas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
garu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
garam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
gariem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
garai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
garām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
garu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
gariem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
garu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
garām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
garā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
garos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
garā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
garās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From a derived adjective *gar-is of a masculine form *garyas, parallel to old neuter form *garyan (“forest, tree”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *garā́ˀ, from the o-grade form *gʷorH-eh₂ of Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (> *h₁egʷr-), meaning “mountain, peak” and secondarily “forest” (via, e.g., “mountain surrounded by forest”), from which also “tree”. Therefore, there originally was a noun garš meaning “forest, tree”, which apparently left traces in certain Kurzeme placenames (e.g., Garatmatas, a forest in Matkule), but eventually disappeared, perhaps due to homophony with its derived adjective garš (< *garis). This adjective probably meant at first “(high) like a mountain”, “(tall, slender) like a tree” and then simply “high, tall” > “long”. Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal (reduplicated) gargãras, gargar̃as, gingãras (“long, tall animal or person”), Old Prussian garian (“tree”), Russian, Ukrainian гора́ (gorá, “mountain”), Bulgarian гора́ (gorá, “forest, mountain”), Czech hora (“mountain”) (dialectal also “forest of large trees”), Polish góra (“mountain”) (dialectal also “attic, loft”), Serbo-Croatian dialectal gòra (“mountain, forest, tree”), Hittite [script needed] (ẖegur-, “cliff, peak, spike”).

cog

garš patskanis

gara zilbe

(phonetics, phonology) long (pronounced with longer duration)


etimoloģija

etimoloģija (nominative singular)
etimoloģijas (nominative plural)
etimoloģiju (accusative singular)
etimoloģijas (accusative plural)
etimoloģijas (genitive singular)
etimoloģiju (genitive plural)
etimoloģijai (dative singular)
etimoloģijām (dative plural)
etimoloģiju (instrumental singular)
etimoloģijām (instrumental plural)
etimoloģijā (locative singular)
etimoloģijās (locative plural)
etimoloģija (singular vocative)
etimoloģijas (plural vocative)

Via some other European language, from Latin etymologia, from Ancient Greek ἐτυμολογία (etumología), from ἔτυμον (étumon, “true sense”) and -λογία (-logía, “study of”) (from λόγος (lógos)).

speciālists etimoloģijā

latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca

(linguistics, chiefly singular) etymology (science that studies the origins of words and morphemes).

pētīt, izskaidrot vārda etimoloģiju

to investigate, to explain the etymology of a word

(linguistics) etymology (the origin and historical development of a specific word or morpheme)


balsīgs

head

balsīgs (definite balsīgais, adverb balsīgi)

balsīgais (definite)
balsīgi (adverb)
balsīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
balsīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
balsīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
balsīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
balsīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
balsīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
balsīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
balsīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
balsīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
balsīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
balsīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
balsīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
balsīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
balsīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
balsīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
balsīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
balsīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
balsīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
balsīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
balsīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
balsīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
balsīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
balsīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
balsīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

patskaņi ir balsīgas skaņas

balsīgie līdzskaņi

balsīgie troksneņi

(phonetics, phonology) voiced (pronounced with simultaneous vibration of the vocal cords)


īss

īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi)

īsais (definite)
īsāks (comparative)
visīsākais (superlative)
īsi (adverb)
īss (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
īsi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
īsa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
īsas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
īsu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
īsus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
īsu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
īsas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
īsa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
īsu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
īsas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
īsu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
īsam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
īsiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
īsai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
īsām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
īsu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
īsiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
īsu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
īsām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
īsā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
īsos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
īsā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
īsās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *isas, *insas, from Proto-Indo-European *eis-, *is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”) (from earlier “to hit, to move, to drive”). This root may have resulted from metathesis of *sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”), whence sist (“to hit”). Semantic development: “to hit, to move” > “to knock down, to reduce (with a blow)” > “made smaller, shorter” (participle). Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal įsas, Old Prussian insan (accusative), Sanskrit ईषत् (iṣát, “a little, a few”) (< *iṇst).

īss patskanis

īsa zilbe

(phonetics, phonology) short (pronounced with relatively little duration)


vokālis

vokālis (nominative singular)
vokāļi (nominative plural)
vokāli (accusative singular)
vokāļus (accusative plural)
vokāļa (genitive singular)
vokāļu (genitive plural)
vokālim (dative singular)
vokāļiem (dative plural)
vokāli (instrumental singular)
vokāļiem (instrumental plural)
vokālī (locative singular)
vokāļos (locative plural)
vokāli (singular vocative)
vokāļi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Latin vōcālis (“voiced”).

ritma, lāpāmais vokālis

rhythmic vowel (added for prosodic or metric reasons)


patskanis

patskanis (nominative singular)
patskaņi (nominative plural)
patskani (accusative singular)
patskaņus (accusative plural)
patskaņa (genitive singular)
patskaņu (genitive plural)
patskanim (dative singular)
patskaņiem (dative plural)
patskani (instrumental singular)
patskaņiem (instrumental plural)
patskanī (locative singular)
patskaņos (locative plural)
patskani (singular vocative)
patskaņi (plural vocative)

From pats (“self”) + skan(ēt) (“to sound”), made into a 2nd-declension noun (ending -is). A calque of German Selbstlaut (“vowel”) coined by Atis Kronvalds in the 1860s (initially as pašskanis). It competed with, and eventually replaced, other coinages such as G. F. Stenders' skandinieks, K. Biezbārdis' skanis, or A. Stērste's balsskanis. There was some variation (patskanis, pašskaņa, patskaņa) until the early 20th century. After J. Endzelīns' and K. Mīlenbahs' 1907 Latviešu Gramatika, the form patskanis stabilized. It became accepted as a standard linguistic term in the 1920s.

uzsvērti un neuzsvērti patskaņi

garie un īsie patskaņi

patskaņu klasifikācija

šaurais patskanis (“e” vai “ē”) ― narrow, tense vowel (“e” or “ē”, pronounced as IPA [ɛ])

platais patskanis (“e” vai “ē”) ― broad, lax vowel (“e” or “ē”, pronounced as IPA [æ])

ritma, lāpāmais patskanis


divskanis

divskanis (nominative singular)
divskaņi (nominative plural)
divskani (accusative singular)
divskaņus (accusative plural)
divskaņa (genitive singular)
divskaņu (genitive plural)
divskanim (dative singular)
divskaņiem (dative plural)
divskani (instrumental singular)
divskaņiem (instrumental plural)
divskanī (locative singular)
divskaņos (locative plural)
divskani (singular vocative)
divskaņi (plural vocative)

Coined by Andrejs Stērste in 1879, from div(i) (“two”) + skan(ēt) (“to sound”).

latviešu valodas divskaņi

(phonetics, phonology) diphthong (sequence of two different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


triftongs

triftongs (nominative singular)
triftongi (nominative plural)
triftongu (accusative singular)
triftongus (accusative plural)
triftonga (genitive singular)
triftongu (genitive plural)
triftongam (dative singular)
triftongiem (dative plural)
triftongu (instrumental singular)
triftongiem (instrumental plural)
triftongā (locative singular)
triftongos (locative plural)
triftong (singular vocative)
triftongi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek τρία (tría, “three”) and φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”).

triftonga komponenti

(phonetics, phonology) triphthong (sequence of three different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


līdzskanis

līdzskanis (nominative singular)
līdzskaņi (nominative plural)
līdzskani (accusative singular)
līdzskaņus (accusative plural)
līdzskaņa (genitive singular)
līdzskaņu (genitive plural)
līdzskanim (dative singular)
līdzskaņiem (dative plural)
līdzskani (instrumental singular)
līdzskaņiem (instrumental plural)
līdzskanī (locative singular)
līdzskaņos (locative plural)
līdzskani (singular vocative)
līdzskaņi (plural vocative)

A term coined by Atis Kronvalds in the second half of the 19th century, from līdz(i) (“(together) with”) + skan(ēt) (“to sound”), made into a 2nd-declension noun (ending -is). It is a calque of German Mitlaut, from mit (“with”) and Laut (“sound”), itself a calque of Latin cōnsonans, from cōn- (“with”) and sonō (“to sound”).
It (and its alternative form līdzskaņa) competed with other proposed coinages, such as K. Biezbārdis' klaudzis and M. Kaudzīte's neskanis, until the end of the 19th century. After J. Endzelīns' and K. Mīlenbahs' 1907 Latviešu Gramatika, the form līdzskanis stabilized. It became accepted as a standard linguistic term in the 1920s.

compound

balsīgi un nebalsīgi līdzskaņi

dubultoti līdzskaņi

līdzskaņu klasifikācija

cietais līdzskanis

mīkstais līdzskanis

(phonetics, phonology) consonant (language sound pronounced with some kind of obstruction in the vocal tract)


skaņa

skaņa (nominative singular)
skaņas (nominative plural)
skaņu (accusative singular)
skaņas (accusative plural)
skaņas (genitive singular)
skaņu (genitive plural)
skaņai (dative singular)
skaņām (dative plural)
skaņu (instrumental singular)
skaņām (instrumental plural)
skaņā (locative singular)
skaņās (locative plural)
skaņa (singular vocative)
skaņas (plural vocative)

A 17th-century derivation from the stem of the verb skanēt (“to sound”) (q.v.): *skan-ya > skaņa, alongside the simpler (dialectal) form skans.

valodas skaņu klasifikācija

īsa, gara skaņa

skaņu kvantitāte, kvalitāte

laringāla skaņa

skaņu mija

(linguistics, phonetics) sound (smallest articulatory unit in language)


aktīvs

aktīvs (nominative singular)
aktīvi (nominative plural)
aktīvu (accusative singular)
aktīvus (accusative plural)
aktīva (genitive singular)
aktīvu (genitive plural)
aktīvam (dative singular)
aktīviem (dative plural)
aktīvu (instrumental singular)
aktīviem (instrumental plural)
aktīvā (locative singular)
aktīvos (locative plural)
aktīv (singular vocative)
aktīvi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin activus indirectly through some other European language.


vērtība

vērtība (nominative singular)
vērtības (nominative plural)
vērtību (accusative singular)
vērtības (accusative plural)
vērtības (genitive singular)
vērtību (genitive plural)
vērtībai (dative singular)
vērtībām (dative plural)
vērtību (instrumental singular)
vērtībām (instrumental plural)
vērtībā (locative singular)
vērtībās (locative plural)
vērtība (singular vocative)
vērtības (plural vocative)

From vērts (“worth”) + -ība. First mentioned in 18th-century dictionaries.

vērtību sistēma, hierarhija

vērtību spriedums

(philosophy, psychology) value (ideas formed by experience about the positive or negative qualities of objects and phenomena)


sencis

lv-noun

sencis m (2nd declension, feminine form: sence)

sence (feminine)
sencis (nominative singular)
senči (nominative plural)
senci (accusative singular)
senčus (accusative plural)
senča (genitive singular)
senču (genitive plural)
sencim (dative singular)
senčiem (dative plural)
senci (instrumental singular)
senčiem (instrumental plural)
sencī (locative singular)
senčos (locative plural)
senci (singular vocative)
senči (plural vocative)

From sens (“ancient”), made into a 2nd-declension noun. The c suggests a dialectal origin, from those dialects where ns > nc. Alternatively, it may have come from an earlier *sentis, via genitive *senša > senča. There may have been influence from the c in vecis (“old man”).

zirga sencis

putnu senči

(paleontology) ancestor (species of plants or animals from an earlier time period, from which modern species have evolved)


veids

veids (nominative singular)
veidi (nominative plural)
veidu (accusative singular)
veidus (accusative plural)
veida (genitive singular)
veidu (genitive plural)
veidam (dative singular)
veidiem (dative plural)
veidu (instrumental singular)
veidiem (instrumental plural)
veidā (locative singular)
veidos (locative plural)
veid (singular vocative)
veidi (plural vocative)

Originally a dialectal word meaning “face, appearance”, from the (dialectal) verb viest (“to perceive, to sense, to see”) (compare viedoklis (“viewpoint”)), ultimately from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wéiˀdas, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyd-os ~ *wéyd-es-os, from *weyd- (“to see”).
veids was brought to the literary language by Atis Kronvalds in 1869 with a broadened meaning “form, type, way”, apparently following the example of Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, shape, appearance, look”).
Cognates
Cognates include Lithuanian véidas (“face, cheeks”), Old Church Slavonic видь (vidĭ), Russian вид (vid, “appearance, manner”), Sanskrit वेद (véda, “knowledge, perception”), Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, shape, appearance, look”).

cog

nepabeigtais darbības vārda veids

imperfective (lit. unfinished) verbal aspect

pabeigtais jeb perfektīvais verba veids raksturo savā norisē ierobežotu darbību

the finished or perfective verbal aspect characterizes a limited action in its own development

(grammar) aspect (verbal category which presents the action in its development, as complete or incomplete, repeated, ongoing, etc.)


pasīvs

pasīvs (nominative singular)
pasīvi (nominative plural)
pasīvu (accusative singular)
pasīvus (accusative plural)
pasīva (genitive singular)
pasīvu (genitive plural)
pasīvam (dative singular)
pasīviem (dative plural)
pasīvu (instrumental singular)
pasīviem (instrumental plural)
pasīvā (locative singular)
pasīvos (locative plural)
pasīv (singular vocative)
pasīvi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin passivus, probably via some other European language, adapted to fit Latvian patterns ( + -īvs).


Lauva

Lauva (nominative singular)
Lauvu (accusative singular)
Lauvas (genitive singular)
Lauvam (dative singular)
Lauvu (instrumental singular)
Lauvā (locative singular)
Lauva (singular vocative)

From lauva (“lion”), translating Latin leo.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Lauva

(astrology) Leo (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♌)


Jaunava

Jaunava (nominative singular)
Jaunavu (accusative singular)
Jaunavas (genitive singular)
Jaunavai (dative singular)
Jaunavu (instrumental singular)
Jaunavā (locative singular)
Jaunava (singular vocative)

From jaunava (“virgin, young woman”), translating Latin virgō.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Jaunava

(astrology) Virgo (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♍)


Vēzis

Vēzis (nominative singular)
Vēzi (accusative singular)
Vēža (genitive singular)
Vēzim (dative singular)
Vēzi (instrumental singular)
Vēzī (locative singular)
Vēzi (singular vocative)

From vēzis (“crayfish”), translating Latin cancer.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Vēzis

(astrology) Cancer (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♋)


ūdensvīrs

ūdensvīrs (nominative singular)
ūdensvīri (nominative plural)
ūdensvīru (accusative singular)
ūdensvīrus (accusative plural)
ūdensvīra (genitive singular)
ūdensvīru (genitive plural)
ūdensvīram (dative singular)
ūdensvīriem (dative plural)
ūdensvīru (instrumental singular)
ūdensvīriem (instrumental plural)
ūdensvīrā (locative singular)
ūdensvīros (locative plural)
ūdensvīr (singular vocative)
ūdensvīri (plural vocative)

par akaci stāstīja pasakas: viņā dzīvojot zaļbārdains ūdensvīrs vai pat velns

about the marsh pool, folk tales said: in it, presumably, a green-bearded merman or water spirit lives, or even a devil

(mythology) merman; water spirit in male form


Vērsis

Vērsis (nominative singular)
Vērsi (accusative singular)
Vērša (genitive singular)
Vērsim (dative singular)
Vērsi (instrumental singular)
Vērsī (locative singular)
Vērsi (singular vocative)

From vērsis (“ox”), translating Latin taurus.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Vērsis

(astrology) Taurus (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♉)


Auns

Auns (nominative singular)
Aunu (accusative singular)
Auna (genitive singular)
Aunam (dative singular)
Aunu (instrumental singular)
Aunā (locative singular)
Aun (singular vocative)

From auns (“ram”), translating Latin aries.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Auns

(astrology) Aries (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♈)


Dvīņi

Dvīņi (nominative plural)
Dvīņus (accusative plural)
Dvīņu (genitive plural)
Dvīņiem (dative plural)
Dvīņiem (instrumental plural)
Dvīņos (locative plural)
Dvīņi (plural vocative)

From dvīņi (“twins”), translating Latin geminī.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Dvīņi

(astrology) Gemini (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♊)


Strēlnieks

Strēlnieks (nominative singular)
Strēlnieku (accusative singular)
Strēlnieka (genitive singular)
Strēlniekam (dative singular)
Strēlnieku (instrumental singular)
Strēlniekā (locative singular)
Strēlniek (singular vocative)

From strēlnieks (“archer; infantryman, rifleman”), translating Latin sagittarius (“armed with arrows”).

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Strēlnieks

(astrology) Sagittarius (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♐)


Ūdensvīrs

Ūdensvīrs (nominative singular)
Ūdensvīru (accusative singular)
Ūdensvīra (genitive singular)
Ūdensvīram (dative singular)
Ūdensvīru (instrumental singular)
Ūdensvīrā (locative singular)
Ūdensvīr (singular vocative)

From ūdensvīrs (“male water spirit”), translating Latin aquarius (“water-carrier”).

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Ūdensvīrs

(astrology) Aquarius (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♒)


Zivis

Zivis (nominative plural)
Zivis (accusative plural)
Zivju (genitive plural)
Zivīm (dative plural)
Zivīm (instrumental plural)
Zivīs (locative plural)
Zivis (plural vocative)

From zivis (“fish (pl.)”), translating Latin pisces.

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Zivis

(astrology) Pisces (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♓)


Skorpions

Skorpions (nominative singular)
Skorpionu (accusative singular)
Skorpiona (genitive singular)
Skorpionam (dative singular)
Skorpionu (instrumental singular)
Skorpionā (locative singular)
Skorpion (singular vocative)

From skorpions (“scorpion”), translating Latin scorpio, scorpius (“scorpion”).

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Skorpions

(astrology) Scorpio (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♏)


Mežāzis

Mežāzis (nominative singular)
Mežāzi (accusative singular)
Mežāža (genitive singular)
Mežāzim (dative singular)
Mežāzi (instrumental singular)
Mežāzī (locative singular)
Mežāzi (singular vocative)

From dialectal term mežāzis (“male roe deer”), translating Late Latin Capricornus (“goat horn”), from Latin capra (“goat”) and cornū (“horn”).

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Mežāzis

(astrology) Capricorn (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♑)


Svari

Svari (nominative plural)
Svarus (accusative plural)
Svaru (genitive plural)
Svariem (dative plural)
Svariem (instrumental plural)
Svaros (locative plural)
Svari (plural vocative)

From svari (“scales”), translating Latin libra (“scales”).

pēc horoskopa viņš ir Svari

(astrology) Libra (zodiac sign); astrological symbol: ♎)


lokans

head

lokans (definite lokanais, comparative lokanāks, superlative vislokanākais, adverb lokani)

lokanais (definite)
lokanāks (comparative)
vislokanākais (superlative)
lokani (adverb)
lokans (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lokani (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lokana (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lokanas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lokanu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lokanus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lokanu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lokanas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lokana (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lokanu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lokanas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lokanu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lokanam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lokaniem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lokanai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lokanām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lokanu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lokaniem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lokanu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lokanām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lokanā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lokanos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lokanā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lokanās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From a dialectal adjective loks (“flexible”) (with an extra -an), from the same stem as liekt (“to bend”) (q.v.).

mēs priecāmies par to, ka rakstnieka frāze kļuvusi lokanāka, koncentrētāka, domām bagātāka

we are glad that the writer's phrase (= style) has become more flexible, more focused, richer in thoughts

(figuratively, of words, language) flexible (expressive, nuanced)


esamība

esamība (nominative singular)
esamību (accusative singular)
esamības (genitive singular)
esamībai (dative singular)
esamību (instrumental singular)
esamībā (locative singular)
esamība (singular vocative)

A word coined at the beginning of the 19th century, apparently from a (non-existing) present passive participle *esams (compare Lithuanian ẽsamas (“being”), Latvian esošs) + -ība. J. Endzelīns considered the word wrong; in 1935, he proposed (unsuccessfully) esme and ira as replacements. A new, and still in use, synonym esība was coined in 1963.

esamības daudzveidība

domāšanas attieksmes pret esamību

the position, relation of thinking to being

apziņa ir esamības atspoguļojums

consciousness is the reflection of being, existence

(philosophy) being, existence (the objectively existing world, independent from consciousness)


dzelonis

dzelonis (nominative singular)
dzeloņi (nominative plural)
dzeloni (accusative singular)
dzeloņus (accusative plural)
dzeloņa (genitive singular)
dzeloņu (genitive plural)
dzelonim (dative singular)
dzeloņiem (dative plural)
dzeloni (instrumental singular)
dzeloņiem (instrumental plural)
dzelonī (locative singular)
dzeloņos (locative plural)
dzeloni (singular vocative)
dzeloņi (plural vocative)

Līzei kā sīks dzelonis sirdī iedūra novērojums, ka pirmām kārtām pie galda sēdināja turīgos saimniekus

the observation that they had seated the rich landowners at the best places at the table pierced Līze's heart like a small sting

viņa no Balodienes nebija dzirdējusi neviena vārda, kurš nebūtu bijis bez dzeloņiem

she hadn't heard a single word from Balodiene, which wouldn't have been without stings

Zenta brālim šad tad iedzēla ar savu greizsirdības dzeloni

Zenta stung (her) brother every now and then with the sting of her jealousy

(figuratively, of thoughts, words, behavior) which offends, hurts one's feelings


dzimte

dzimte (nominative singular)
dzimtes (nominative plural)
dzimti (accusative singular)
dzimtes (accusative plural)
dzimtes (genitive singular)
dzimšu (genitive plural)
dzimtei (dative singular)
dzimtēm (dative plural)
dzimti (instrumental singular)
dzimtēm (instrumental plural)
dzimtē (locative singular)
dzimtēs (locative plural)
dzimte (singular vocative)
dzimtes (plural vocative)

From dzimt + -e, coined by Latvian poet, publicist and linguist Juris Alunāns in the late 19th century.

coin

Angļu valodā nav lietvārdu dzimtes.

The English language does not distinguish the gender of nouns.

(linguistics, grammar) gender (the grammatical form of a noun that indicates gender or formal membership of a gender - feminine, masculine or neuter)


galotne

galotne (nominative singular)
galotnes (nominative plural)
galotni (accusative singular)
galotnes (accusative plural)
galotnes (genitive singular)
galotņu (genitive plural)
galotnei (dative singular)
galotnēm (dative plural)
galotni (instrumental singular)
galotnēm (instrumental plural)
galotnē (locative singular)
galotnēs (locative plural)
galotne (singular vocative)
galotnes (plural vocative)

From gals (“end”) + -otne. This word was first used in the grammatical sense of “ending” by Andrejs Stērste in 1879 and was soon accepted into the standard language.

lietvārda galotnes

noteiktā galotne

nenoteiktā galotne

indefinite ending (i.e., indefinite form)

norīt galotnes

to swallow the endings (i.e., to pronounce the word endings badly, unclearly, or not at all)

(linguistics, grammar) ending (the part at the end of a word that changes when it is conjugated, declined, etc.; the final, inflectional suffix of an inflected word)


tagadne

tagadne (nominative singular)
tagadni (accusative singular)
tagadnes (genitive singular)
tagadnei (dative singular)
tagadni (instrumental singular)
tagadnē (locative singular)
tagadne (singular vocative)

Coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, from tagad (“now”) + -ne, at first in the form tagadiene, later on (in the 1870s) in its present form. As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

vienkāršā, saliktā tagadne

tagadnes lokāmais divdabis

(linguistics, grammar) present tense (a verb form describing an action that happens in the present time, at the moment of speech)


tagadnes laiks

tagadnes laiks (nominative singular)
tagadnes laiku (accusative singular)
tagadnes laika (genitive singular)
tagadnes laikam (dative singular)
tagadnes laiku (instrumental singular)
tagadnes laikā (locative singular)
tagadnes laik (singular vocative)

(linguistics, grammar) present tense (linguistic form used in reference to events in the present)


nākotnes laiks

nākotnes laiks (nominative singular)
nākotnes laiku (accusative singular)
nākotnes laika (genitive singular)
nākotnes laikam (dative singular)
nākotnes laiku (instrumental singular)
nākotnes laikā (locative singular)
nākotnes laik (singular vocative)

(linguistics, grammar) future tense (linguistic form used in reference to events in the future)


pagātne

pagātne (nominative singular)
pagātni (accusative singular)
pagātnes (genitive singular)
pagātnei (dative singular)
pagātni (instrumental singular)
pagātnē (locative singular)
pagātne (singular vocative)

A neologism coined from pagā(jis) (“gone, passed”) + -tne by Atis Kronvalds in 1873, as a calque of German Vergangenheit (“past”), from past participle vergangen (“gone, passed”)). As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

vienkāršā, saliktā pagātne

(linguistics, grammar) past (verb form describing an action that happens before the current time, before the time of speech)


pagātnes laiks

pagātnes laiks (nominative singular)
pagātnes laiku (accusative singular)
pagātnes laika (genitive singular)
pagātnes laikam (dative singular)
pagātnes laiku (instrumental singular)
pagātnes laikā (locative singular)
pagātnes laik (singular vocative)

(linguistics, grammar) past tense (linguistic form used in reference to events in the past)


nākotne

nākotne (nominative singular)
nākotni (accusative singular)
nākotnes (genitive singular)
nākotnei (dative singular)
nākotni (instrumental singular)
nākotnē (locative singular)
nākotne (singular vocative)

From nāk(t) (“to come”) + -otne. A neologism coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, initially in the form nākote, then nākatne. The modern form was later introduced by Krišjānis Valdemārs and Fricis Brīvzemnieks. As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

vienkāršā, saliktā nākotne

pārveidot darbības vārdu nākotnes formā

(linguistics, grammar) future (verb form describing an action that will happen after the current time, after the time of speech)


divdabis

divdabis (nominative singular)
divdabji (nominative plural)
divdabi (accusative singular)
divdabjus (accusative plural)
divdabja (genitive singular)
divdabju (genitive plural)
divdabim (dative singular)
divdabjiem (dative plural)
divdabi (instrumental singular)
divdabjiem (instrumental plural)
divdabī (locative singular)
divdabjos (locative plural)
divdabi (singular vocative)
divdabji (plural vocative)

From divi (“two”) + daba (“nature”), made into a masculine 2nd-declension noun (nominative ending -is).

divdabja teiciens

mūsdienu latviešu valodā ir četri lokāmie divdabji

in the modern Latvian language there are four inflecting participles

(linguistics, grammar) participle (a verb form having both verbal and adjectival or adverbial properties)


izteiksme

izteiksme (nominative singular)
izteiksmes (nominative plural)
izteiksmi (accusative singular)
izteiksmes (accusative plural)
izteiksmes (genitive singular)
izteiksmju (genitive plural)
izteiksmei (dative singular)
izteiksmēm (dative plural)
izteiksmi (instrumental singular)
izteiksmēm (instrumental plural)
izteiksmē (locative singular)
izteiksmēs (locative plural)
izteiksme (singular vocative)
izteiksmes (plural vocative)

From izteik(t) (“to express”) + -sme (with izteikt from iz- + teikt (“to say, to tell”)). In the grammatical sense, this term was first used in 1889 by A. Stērste; previously other expressions had been used (izteikšana, izteikšanas kārta).

latviešu valodā verbam ir piecas izteiksmes jeb modi: īstenības izteiksme jeb indikatīvs, pavēles izteiksme jeb imperatīvs, vajadzības izteiksme jeb debitīvs, vēlējuma izteiksme jeb kondicionālis un atstāstījuma izteiksme jeb relatīvais mods

in the Latvian language (there) are five moods: the real mood or indicative, the ordering mood or imperative, the necessity mood or debitive, the wishful mood or conditional, and the telling mood or relative mood

(grammar, linguistics) mood (grammatical category that expresses the relation of the action described by a verb to reality)


pavēle

pavēle (nominative singular)
pavēles (nominative plural)
pavēli (accusative singular)
pavēles (accusative plural)
pavēles (genitive singular)
pavēļu (genitive plural)
pavēlei (dative singular)
pavēlēm (dative plural)
pavēli (instrumental singular)
pavēlēm (instrumental plural)
pavēlē (locative singular)
pavēlēs (locative plural)
pavēle (singular vocative)
pavēles (plural vocative)

From pa- + vēle (“will, wish”). The original meaning was “permission; wish;” apparently, this word was influenced by the similar-sounding German Befehl (“order, command”), and changed its meaning accordingly.

pavēles izteiksme

(linguistics, grammar) imperative (mood)


racionālists

lv-noun

racionālists m (1st declension, feminine form: racionāliste)

racionāliste (feminine)
racionālists (nominative singular)
racionālisti (nominative plural)
racionālistu (accusative singular)
racionālistus (accusative plural)
racionālista (genitive singular)
racionālistu (genitive plural)
racionālistam (dative singular)
racionālistiem (dative plural)
racionālistu (instrumental singular)
racionālistiem (instrumental plural)
racionālistā (locative singular)
racionālistos (locative plural)
racionālist (singular vocative)
racionālisti (plural vocative)

From racionāls (“rational”) + -ists. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from some other European language.

racionālisti materiālisti, piemēram, Dekarts un Spinoza, balstījās uz matemātiku; no tā izrietēja viņu uzskati par telpu un laiku

rationalist-materialists such as Descartes and Spinoza, base themselves on mathematics; from it derives their views on space and time

(philosophy) (male) rationalist (a supporter or advocate of rationalism)


racionāliste

racionāliste f (5th declension, masculine form: racionālists)

racionālists (masculine)
racionāliste (nominative singular)
racionālistes (nominative plural)
racionālisti (accusative singular)
racionālistes (accusative plural)
racionālistes (genitive singular)
racionālistu (genitive plural)
racionālistei (dative singular)
racionālistēm (dative plural)
racionālisti (instrumental singular)
racionālistēm (instrumental plural)
racionālistē (locative singular)
racionālistēs (locative plural)
racionāliste (singular vocative)
racionālistes (plural vocative)

From racionālists (“rationalist”) + -e (“fem.”).

suffix

(philosophy) (female) rationalist (a supporter or advocate of rationalism)


racionālistisks

head

racionālistisks (definite racionālistiskais, comparative racionālistiskāks, superlative visracionālistiskākais, adverb racionālistiski)

racionālistiskais (definite)
racionālistiskāks (comparative)
visracionālistiskākais (superlative)
racionālistiski (adverb)
racionālistisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
racionālistiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
racionālistiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
racionālistiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
racionālistisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
racionālistiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
racionālistisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
racionālistiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
racionālistiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
racionālistisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
racionālistiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
racionālistisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
racionālistiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
racionālistiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
racionālistiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
racionālistiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
racionālistisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
racionālistiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
racionālistisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
racionālistiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
racionālistiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
racionālistiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
racionālistiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
racionālistiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From racionālists (“rationalist”) + -isks (with racionālists from racionāls (“rational”) + -ists). Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from some other European language.

(philosophy) rationalistic (relating to rationalism, characterized by rationalism)


racionālisms

racionālisms (nominative singular)
racionālismu (accusative singular)
racionālisma (genitive singular)
racionālismam (dative singular)
racionālismu (instrumental singular)
racionālismā (locative singular)
racionālism (singular vocative)

From racionāls (“rational”) + -isms. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from some other European language.

(philosophy) rationalism (epistemological theory according to which the best or even only source of knowledge is the mind and its thinking processes rather than the empirical world of facts)


humānisms

humānisms (nominative singular)
humānismu (accusative singular)
humānisma (genitive singular)
humānismam (dative singular)
humānismu (instrumental singular)
humānismā (locative singular)
humānism (singular vocative)

From humāns (“humane, compassionate”) + -isms. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another Europen language.

suffix

humānisma idejas

humānisma tēma literatūrā

abstraktais humānisms

humānisma krīze

dziļa cilvēcība nekad nav savienojama ar uzspēli, pozu, dziļš humānisms parasti savienojas ar emociju godīgumu un atklātību

deep compassion can never be united with playing, posturing; deep humanism usually combines with emotional honesty and openness

(philosophy) humanism (belief system characterized by tolerance, concern for human welfare, and the concept of human dignity)


humānists

lv-noun

humānists m (1st declension, feminine form: humāniste)

humāniste (feminine)
humānists (nominative singular)
humānisti (nominative plural)
humānistu (accusative singular)
humānistus (accusative plural)
humānista (genitive singular)
humānistu (genitive plural)
humānistam (dative singular)
humānistiem (dative plural)
humānistu (instrumental singular)
humānistiem (instrumental plural)
humānistā (locative singular)
humānistos (locative plural)
humānist (singular vocative)
humānisti (plural vocative)

From humāns (“humane, compassionate”) + -ists. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from some other European language.

suffix

pret 18. gadsimta dzimtbūšanas brēcošajām nejēdzībām Latvijā kaislīgi uzstājās vācu humānists Garlībs Merķelis

the German humanist Garlieb Merkel spoke passionately about the flagrant absurdities of 18th-century serfdom in Latvia

izcelt cilvēkā labo, skaisto vienmēr tiekušies visi lielie mākslinieki humānisti

all the great humanist artists strove to elevate / highlight the good, the beautiful in man

(philosophy) (male) humanist (a supporter or follower of humanism; someone whose actions express humanism)


humāniste

lv-noun

humāniste f (5th declension, masculine form: humānists)

humānists (masculine)
humāniste (nominative singular)
humānistes (nominative plural)
humānisti (accusative singular)
humānistes (accusative plural)
humānistes (genitive singular)
humānistu (genitive plural)
humānistei (dative singular)
humānistēm (dative plural)
humānisti (instrumental singular)
humānistēm (instrumental plural)
humānistē (locative singular)
humānistēs (locative plural)
humāniste (singular vocative)
humānistes (plural vocative)

From humānists (“humanist”) + -e (“fem.”).

Andželīna Džolija: humāniste arī kino

Angelina Jolie: a humanist also in the cinema

(philosophy) (female) humanist (a supporter or follower of humanism; someone whose actions express humanism)


humānistisks

head

humānistisks (definite humānistiskais, comparative humānistiskāks, superlative vishumānistiskākais, adverb humānistiski)

humānistiskais (definite)
humānistiskāks (comparative)
vishumānistiskākais (superlative)
humānistiski (adverb)
humānistisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
humānistiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
humānistiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
humānistiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
humānistisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
humānistiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
humānistisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
humānistiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
humānistiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
humānistisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
humānistiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
humānistisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
humānistiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
humānistiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
humānistiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
humānistiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
humānistisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
humānistiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
humānistisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
humānistiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
humānistiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
humānistiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
humānistiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
humānistiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From humānists (“Humanist”) + -isks (with humānists from humāns (“humane, compassionate”) + -ists).

humānistiska ideja

cilvēkam jābūt laimīgam, saka rakstniece ar savu jauno romānu; šajā domā - romāna dziļi humānistiskais saturs

people must be happy, the writer said with her new novel; in this thought (is) the novel's deeply humanistic content

(philosophy) humanistic (relating to humanism, characterized by it)


centrisms

centrisms (nominative singular)
centrismu (accusative singular)
centrisma (genitive singular)
centrismam (dative singular)
centrismu (instrumental singular)
centrismā (locative singular)
centrism (singular vocative)

From centrs (“center”) + -isms. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

kulturālais un reliģiskais centrisms

labējais, kreisais centrisms

eko-centrisms

centrisms jāapņemas

centrism must be undertaken, moved forward

(politics, philosophy) centrism (moderate political philosophy that avoids extremes and radicalism)


internacionālisms

internacionālisms (nominative singular)
internacionālismi (nominative plural)
internacionālismu (accusative singular)
internacionālismus (accusative plural)
internacionālisma (genitive singular)
internacionālismu (genitive plural)
internacionālismam (dative singular)
internacionālismiem (dative plural)
internacionālismu (instrumental singular)
internacionālismiem (instrumental plural)
internacionālismā (locative singular)
internacionālismos (locative plural)
internacionālism (singular vocative)
internacionālismi (plural vocative)

From internacionāls (“international”) + -isms. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

suffix

līdzās nacionālajiem aizguvumiem latviešu valodā sastopami arī internacionāli aizguvumi jeb internacionālismi

alongside national borrowings there are in the Latvian language also international borrowings or internationalisms

lielai daļai internacionālo vārdu latviešu valodā nav nemaz tik īss mūžs; šie vārdi latviešu valodā sāka ieplūst ar Brīvzemnieka un Valdemāra vārdnīcām, kas ir pirmās latviešu vārdnīcu vidū, kur ietilpināti arī internacionālismi

a large part of the international words in the Latvian language does not at all have such a short life; these words began to flow into the Latvian language with Brīvzemnieks' and Valdemārs' dictionaries, which were the first among Latvian dictionaries in which internationalisms were also included

(linguistics) a loanword borrowed into many languages


eksistenciāliste

lv-noun

eksistenciāliste f (5th declension, masculine form: eksistenciālists)

eksistenciālists (masculine)
eksistenciāliste (nominative singular)
eksistenciālistes (nominative plural)
eksistenciālisti (accusative singular)
eksistenciālistes (accusative plural)
eksistenciālistes (genitive singular)
eksistenciālistu (genitive plural)
eksistenciālistei (dative singular)
eksistenciālistēm (dative plural)
eksistenciālisti (instrumental singular)
eksistenciālistēm (instrumental plural)
eksistenciālistē (locative singular)
eksistenciālistēs (locative plural)
eksistenciāliste (singular vocative)
eksistenciālistes (plural vocative)

From eksistenciālists (“existentialist”) + -e (“fem.”).

suffix

Es - eksistenciāliste; dažbrīd esmu aizdomājusies par nāvi...

I (am) a (female) existentialist; I have sometimes thought about death...

(philosophy) (female) existentialist (a supporter or follower of existentialism)


eksistenciālists

lv-noun

eksistenciālists m (1st declension, feminine form: eksistenciāliste)

eksistenciāliste (feminine)
eksistenciālists (nominative singular)
eksistenciālisti (nominative plural)
eksistenciālistu (accusative singular)
eksistenciālistus (accusative plural)
eksistenciālista (genitive singular)
eksistenciālistu (genitive plural)
eksistenciālistam (dative singular)
eksistenciālistiem (dative plural)
eksistenciālistu (instrumental singular)
eksistenciālistiem (instrumental plural)
eksistenciālistā (locative singular)
eksistenciālistos (locative plural)
eksistenciālist (singular vocative)
eksistenciālisti (plural vocative)

A borrowing from some European language (cf. French existentialiste, German Existentialist), adapted to follow Latvian patterns ( + -ists).

pasaule, pēc eksistenciālistu domām, esot neizprotama, bezjēdzīga, neizzināma

the world, according to the thoughts of the existentialists, is incomprehensible, meaningless, unknowable

(philosophy) (male) existentialist (a supporter or follower of existentialism)


eksistenciālisms

eksistenciālisms (nominative singular)
eksistenciālismu (accusative singular)
eksistenciālisma (genitive singular)
eksistenciālismam (dative singular)
eksistenciālismu (instrumental singular)
eksistenciālismā (locative singular)
eksistenciālism (singular vocative)

A borrowing from some European language (cf. French existentialisme, German Existentialismus), adapted to follow Latvian patterns ( + -isms).

eksistenciālisma ideoloģija

ievērojami eksistenciālisma filozofi

significant philosophers of existentialism

eksistenciālisms atklāti deklarē, ka dziļi zinātniska pasaules izziņa neesot iespējama

existentialism openly declares that a deeply scientific cognition of the world is impossible

(philosophy) existentialism (20th-century philosophical idealist movement based on the uniqueness of every human existence and its freely made self-defining choices)


eksistenciālistisks

head

eksistenciālistisks (definite eksistenciālistiskais, comparative eksistenciālistiskāks, superlative viseksistenciālistiskākais, adverb eksistenciālistiski)

eksistenciālistiskais (definite)
eksistenciālistiskāks (comparative)
viseksistenciālistiskākais (superlative)
eksistenciālistiski (adverb)
eksistenciālistisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
eksistenciālistiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
eksistenciālistiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
eksistenciālistiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
eksistenciālistisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
eksistenciālistiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
eksistenciālistisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
eksistenciālistiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
eksistenciālistiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
eksistenciālistisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
eksistenciālistiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
eksistenciālistisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
eksistenciālistiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
eksistenciālistiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
eksistenciālistiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
eksistenciālistiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
eksistenciālistisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
eksistenciālistiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
eksistenciālistisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
eksistenciālistiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
eksistenciālistiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
eksistenciālistiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
eksistenciālistiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
eksistenciālistiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From eksistenciālists (“existentialist”) + -isks.

suffix

eksistenciālistisks jautājums

eksistenciālistisks uzskats par Svēto Garu

an existentialist view of the Holy Spirit

(philosophy) existentialist (relating to existentialism, characterized by it)


dievība

dievība (nominative singular)
dievības (nominative plural)
dievību (accusative singular)
dievības (accusative plural)
dievības (genitive singular)
dievību (genitive plural)
dievībai (dative singular)
dievībām (dative plural)
dievību (instrumental singular)
dievībām (instrumental plural)
dievībā (locative singular)
dievībās (locative plural)
dievība (singular vocative)
dievības (plural vocative)

Seno latviešu reliģijā galvenā vieta ierādīta dzīvības un auglības dievībām un gariem, kas ietekmē visdažādākos dabas spēkus un parādības, kā arī cilvēku darbības nozares

in ancient Latvian religion, the main place was given to the deities and spirits of life and fertility, who affect a variety of natural forces and phenomena, as well as branches of human activity

(mythology) deity (mythological being, usually one of several gods in polytheistic religions)


velnēns

velnēns (nominative singular)
velnēni (nominative plural)
velnēnu (accusative singular)
velnēnus (accusative plural)
velnēna (genitive singular)
velnēnu (genitive plural)
velnēnam (dative singular)
velnēniem (dative plural)
velnēnu (instrumental singular)
velnēniem (instrumental plural)
velnēnā (locative singular)
velnēnos (locative plural)
velnēn (singular vocative)
velnēni (plural vocative)

viens no mazajiem velnēniem iečukst vecajam, ka ellē vairs neesot naudas

one of the smaller young demons whispered to the old one that there isn't money in hell

(mythology) young, not fully grown devil, demon


velns

velns (nominative singular)
velni (nominative plural)
velnu (accusative singular)
velnus (accusative plural)
velna (genitive singular)
velnu (genitive plural)
velnam (dative singular)
velniem (dative plural)
velnu (instrumental singular)
velniem (instrumental plural)
velnā (locative singular)
velnos (locative plural)
veln (singular vocative)
velni (plural vocative)

From the same stem as velis (“dead (one)”) q.v.), with an extra n, perhaps under the influence of melns (“black”) (cf. expressions like melns kā velns “black like the devil,” i.e., very bad), or maybe from a derivational suffix (cf. Lithuanian vẽlinas > *velʲnas > vélnias). Cognates include Lithuanian vélnias, dialectal véls.

velns ir dievība latviešu un lietuviešu mitoloģijā, kas pārvalda tumšo un ļauno

the devil (velns) is a deity in Latvian and Lithuanian mythology that governs the dark and the evil

(mythology) devil (in Latvian mythology, the ruler of the underworld where the souls of the dead go after death)

purva velns

velna nedarbs

dzirnavās naktī bija dzīres: velni dejoja ar raganām

at night, at the mill, there was a feast: devils danced with witches

“lieta pavisam vienkārša: purvā dzīvojot velns...” “un ko šis te darot?” “sargot bagātības, lai citi velni tās nenozog...”

“the matter (is) very simple: in the swamp there lives a devil” “and what does he do there?” “he protects (his) riches, so that other devils don't steal them”

(mythology) devil, demon, evil spirit (supernatural creature that does evil deeds)


dieve

lv-noun

dieve f (5th declension, masculine form: dievs)

dievs (masculine)
dieve (nominative singular)
dieves (nominative plural)
dievi (accusative singular)
dieves (accusative plural)
dieves (genitive singular)
dievju (genitive plural)
dievei (dative singular)
dievēm (dative plural)
dievi (instrumental singular)
dievēm (instrumental plural)
dievē (locative singular)
dievēs (locative plural)
dieve (singular vocative)
dieves (plural vocative)

vai tu vēl dieves vārdus atminies?

do you still remember the words of the goddess?


dieviete

dieviete f (5th declension, masculine form: dievs)

dievs (masculine)
dieviete (nominative singular)
dievietes (nominative plural)
dievieti (accusative singular)
dievietes (accusative plural)
dievietes (genitive singular)
dieviešu (genitive plural)
dievietei (dative singular)
dievietēm (dative plural)
dievieti (instrumental singular)
dievietēm (instrumental plural)
dievietē (locative singular)
dievietēs (locative plural)
dieviete (singular vocative)
dievietes (plural vocative)

Venera ir romiešu dieviete

grieķu leģenda stāsta, ka auglības un zemes dievietei Dēmetrai bijusi jauna, skaista meita Persefone

a Greek legend tells that the goddess of earth and fertility, Demeter, had a young, beautiful daughter, Persephone

kardināla pils frontons parādījās, koķeti izslējies ar savām pagānisko dievu un dieviešu statujām

the pediment of the Cardinal's palace showed itself, towering playfully with its statues of pagan gods and goddessess


upuris

upuris (nominative singular)
upuri (nominative plural)
upuri (accusative singular)
upurus (accusative plural)
upura (genitive singular)
upuru (genitive plural)
upurim (dative singular)
upuriem (dative plural)
upuri (instrumental singular)
upuriem (instrumental plural)
upurī (locative singular)
upuros (locative plural)
upuri (singular vocative)
upuri (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch upper, or from Middle High German opper (cf. German Opfer), itself a borrowing from Latin operārī (“to try, to strive for; to offer, to sacrifice”). This word is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.

uder

upura kalns

upura jērs

bet Dievs upuri nav pieņēmis

(religion, mythology) offering, sacrifice (object or living being offered to a god or gods in a religious ritual so as to satisfy them or win their favor)


produktivitāte

produktivitāte (nominative singular)
produktivitāti (accusative singular)
produktivitātes (genitive singular)
produktivitātei (dative singular)
produktivitāti (instrumental singular)
produktivitātē (locative singular)
produktivitāte (singular vocative)

From produktīvs (“productive”) + -itāte (with produktīvs from produkts (“product”) + -īvs). Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

piedēkļa produktivitāte

(linguistics) productivity (capacity of being regularly used to form words)


tīrība

tīrība (nominative singular)
tīrību (accusative singular)
tīrības (genitive singular)
tīrībai (dative singular)
tīrību (instrumental singular)
tīrībā (locative singular)
tīrība (singular vocative)

dziedājuma tīrība

valodas tīrībai es tiešām veltīju daudz uzmanības

I really dedicate a lot of attention to language purity

krāsas toņa spilgtums, tīrība, ir atkarīga no auduma materiāla

the brightness, the purity of the color shade is dependant on the material of the fabric

(figuratively, of sounds, colors, language, etc.) purity, perfection