ideogramma

ideogramma (nominative singular)
ideogrammas (nominative plural)
ideogrammu (accusative singular)
ideogrammas (accusative plural)
ideogrammas (genitive singular)
ideogrammu (genitive plural)
ideogrammai (dative singular)
ideogrammām (dative plural)
ideogrammu (instrumental singular)
ideogrammām (instrumental plural)
ideogrammā (locative singular)
ideogrammās (locative plural)
ideogramma (singular vocative)
ideogrammas (plural vocative)


celles

inflection of celle:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


spora

spora (nominative singular)
sporas (nominative plural)
sporu (accusative singular)
sporas (accusative plural)
sporas (genitive singular)
sporu (genitive plural)
sporai (dative singular)
sporām (dative plural)
sporu (instrumental singular)
sporām (instrumental plural)
sporā (locative singular)
sporās (locative plural)
spora (singular vocative)
sporas (plural vocative)


metafora

metafora (nominative singular)
metaforas (nominative plural)
metaforu (accusative singular)
metaforas (accusative plural)
metaforas (genitive singular)
metaforu (genitive plural)
metaforai (dative singular)
metaforām (dative plural)
metaforu (instrumental singular)
metaforām (instrumental plural)
metaforā (locative singular)
metaforās (locative plural)
metafora (singular vocative)
metaforas (plural vocative)


buča

buča (nominative singular)
bučas (nominative plural)
buču (accusative singular)
bučas (accusative plural)
bučas (genitive singular)
buču (genitive plural)
bučai (dative singular)
bučām (dative plural)
buču (instrumental singular)
bučām (instrumental plural)
bučā (locative singular)
bučās (locative plural)
buča (singular vocative)
bučas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *bu- (with an extra onomatopoeic č(a), suggesting the sound of kissing), from Proto-Indo-European *bu- (“lip”). Some researchers suggest borrowing from Germanic; the majority opinion is that this word was not borrowed. Cognates include Lithuanian bùčius, bučinỹs, Belarusian бу́ся (búsja), Bulgarian бу́зя (búzja, “cheek”), Polish buzia (“mouth; face; kiss”), Ukrainian бу́зя (búzja, “mouth”), Middle Low German bützen, German bussen (“to kiss”) (dialectal pussen), Swedish puss (“kiss”), Irish bus (“lip”), Albanian buzë (“lip”), Latin bucca (“mouth”).

viņš deva tai sirsnīgu buču

kad meita buču saņēmusi, tad viņa iesaucas: “tu pagāns!” un dara tā, it kā tā lūpas gribētu noslaucīt

when the girl received the kiss, she exclaimed: “you heathen!” and did as if she wanted to wipe her lips clean

(colloquial) kiss (a touch with the lips, to express love, friendship, respect, devotion)


frekvence

frekvence (nominative singular)
frekvences (nominative plural)
frekvenci (accusative singular)
frekvences (accusative plural)
frekvences (genitive singular)
frekvenču (genitive plural)
frekvencei (dative singular)
frekvencēm (dative plural)
frekvenci (instrumental singular)
frekvencēm (instrumental plural)
frekvencē (locative singular)
frekvencēs (locative plural)
frekvence (singular vocative)
frekvences (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin frequentia (“frequency”), probably via German (compare Frequenz, with qu = [kv]).

zema frekvence

svārstību frekvence

augstas frekvences vibrācijas

Pieaugušam cilvēkam normāla pulsa frekvence ir ap 70 sitienu minūtē.

An adult person's normal pulse rate is about 70 beats per minute.

(physics) frequency, rate (number of repetitions of a periodic phenomenon)


kalifs

kalifs (nominative singular)
kalifi (nominative plural)
kalifu (accusative singular)
kalifus (accusative plural)
kalifa (genitive singular)
kalifu (genitive plural)
kalifam (dative singular)
kalifiem (dative plural)
kalifu (instrumental singular)
kalifiem (instrumental plural)
kalifā (locative singular)
kalifos (locative plural)
kalifs (singular vocative)
kalifi (plural vocative)


pols

pols (nominative singular)
poli (nominative plural)
polu (accusative singular)
polus (accusative plural)
pola (genitive singular)
polu (genitive plural)
polam (dative singular)
poliem (dative plural)
polu (instrumental singular)
poliem (instrumental plural)
polā (locative singular)
polos (locative plural)
pol (singular vocative)
poli (plural vocative)


anka

lv-noun

añka ? (^(???) please provide the declension type!)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ankas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂onk-, from *h₂enk-. Cognate with Lithuanian ánka (“loop, ring”), Proto-Slavic *ǫkotь, Ancient Greek ὄγκος (ónkos), Latin uncus, Sanskrit अङ्क (aṅká).


spars

spars (nominative singular)
spari (nominative plural)
sparu (accusative singular)
sparus (accusative plural)
spara (genitive singular)
sparu (genitive plural)
sparam (dative singular)
spariem (dative plural)
sparu (instrumental singular)
spariem (instrumental plural)
sparā (locative singular)
sparos (locative plural)
spar (singular vocative)
spari (plural vocative)


kalla

kalla (nominative singular)
kallas (nominative plural)
kallu (accusative singular)
kallas (accusative plural)
kallas (genitive singular)
kallu (genitive plural)
kallai (dative singular)
kallām (dative plural)
kallu (instrumental singular)
kallām (instrumental plural)
kallā (locative singular)
kallās (locative plural)
kalla (singular vocative)
kallas (plural vocative)


arums

arums (nominative singular)
arumi (nominative plural)
arumu (accusative singular)
arumus (accusative plural)
aruma (genitive singular)
arumu (genitive plural)
arumam (dative singular)
arumiem (dative plural)
arumu (instrumental singular)
arumiem (instrumental plural)
arumā (locative singular)
arumos (locative plural)
arum (singular vocative)
arumi (plural vocative)

rudens arums

sekls arums

pārbaudīt vakardienas arumu

tēvs noara vagu kā pa diegu, vagu pie vagas; gan es gribēju darīt tāpat, bet mans arums iznāk tādām vien retām, nevienādām vagām

father plowed furrows as if (following) a thread, furrow next to furrow; I wanted to do the same, but my plowing came out with few, uneven furrows

(chiefly in the singular) plowing, plowed land (the past action or the result of plowing)

staigāt, brist pa arumiem

noecēt arumus

klons krogā stipri bedrains un nelīdzens, gandrīz kā arumi

the earthen floor in the tavern was very bumpy, uneven, almost like plowed earth

(chiefly in the plural) plowed soil, plowed area, tillage; the layer of soil that is overturned by plowing


nafta

nafta (nominative singular)
naftas (nominative plural)
naftu (accusative singular)
naftas (accusative plural)
naftas (genitive singular)
naftu (genitive plural)
naftai (dative singular)
naftām (dative plural)
naftu (instrumental singular)
naftām (instrumental plural)
naftā (locative singular)
naftās (locative plural)
nafta (singular vocative)
naftas (plural vocative)

From Latin naphtha, from Ancient Greek νάφθα (náphtha).

petroleum, oil (naturally occurring liquid petroleum)


kodu

inflection of kods:
accusative/instrumental singular


grupa

grupa (nominative singular)
grupas (nominative plural)
grupu (accusative singular)
grupas (accusative plural)
grupas (genitive singular)
grupu (genitive plural)
grupai (dative singular)
grupām (dative plural)
grupu (instrumental singular)
grupām (instrumental plural)
grupā (locative singular)
grupās (locative plural)
grupa (singular vocative)
grupas (plural vocative)


augšāmcelšanās

augšāmcelšanās (nominative singular)
augšāmcelšanās (nominative plural)
augšāmcelšanos (accusative singular)
augšāmcelšanās (accusative plural)
augšāmcelšanās (genitive singular)
augšāmcelšanos (genitive plural)

From augšām (“upwards”) + celšanās (“raising oneself”) (with celšanās from celties (“to lift, raise oneself”) + -šanās).

suffix

augšāmcelšanās no miroņiem

kāpēc Jēzus augšāmcelšanās ir svarīga?

mācītājs runāja par augšāmcelšanos un debesu valstību

the pastor talked about resurrection and the kingdom of heaven

(religion, Christianity) resurrection (religious belief in the return of the dead to life)


lācis

lācis (nominative singular)
lāči (nominative plural)
lāci (accusative singular)
lāčus (accusative plural)
lāča (genitive singular)
lāču (genitive plural)
lācim (dative singular)
lāčiem (dative plural)
lāci (instrumental singular)
lāčiem (instrumental plural)
lācī (locative singular)
lāčos (locative plural)
lāci (singular vocative)
lāči (plural vocative)

From earlier *lākis via palatalization, from Proto-Baltic *talk-, *tlāk- (with reduction of the “difficult” cluster tl to l), from Proto-Indo-European *tel-k-, *tl-ek- (“to push, to hit, to kick, to trample”). The original meaning of this word was therefore “trampler,” “stomper,” “pounder,” showing that it was a descriptive term that replaced (probably for taboo reasons) an earlier word for “bear” (cf. Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos, whence Latin ursus, Ancient Greek ἄρκτος (árktos), Sanskrit ऋक्ष (ṛ́kṣa)), which left no traces in Baltic. (An earlier theory, which related lācis to the verb lakt “to drink,” i.e., the “(honey) drinker,” is not reconcilable with the Old Prussian cognate.) Cognates include Lithuanian lokỹs, Old Prussian clokis (klokis) (< *tlokis; cf. place names like Tlokumpelk (“bear swamp”)), Sudovian łukas. Compare Russian топтыгин (toptygin, “bear, lit. trampler, stomper”).

cog

lāča midzenis

baltais lācis

ledus lācis, leduslācis

medīt lāčus

stiprs, liels kā lācis

lāča miegs

guļ kā lācis

brūnā lāča svars var būt vairākus simtus kilogramu (parasti ap 250 kg)

the weight of a brown bear can be several hundred kilograms (usually around 250 kg)

pāris izbeidz deju, tikko sācis: dārgais, dejas laukumā jūs tomēr tikai lācis

a couple stopped dancing after having just begun: darling, on the dance floor you are only (= simply) a bear

Dāviene no sākuma pretojās visiem spēkiem, bet cik ilgi cilvēks pret tādu lāci noturēsies

Dāviene at first resisted with all her might, but how long can one hold against such a bear?

(figuratively) bear (a clumsy, sluggish, heavy person; also, a very strong, heavily built person)


auka

auka (nominative singular)
aukas (nominative plural)
auku (accusative singular)
aukas (accusative plural)
aukas (genitive singular)
auku (genitive plural)
aukai (dative singular)
aukām (dative plural)
auku (instrumental singular)
aukām (instrumental plural)
aukā (locative singular)
aukās (locative plural)
auka (singular vocative)
aukas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *auk-, from Proto-Indo-European stem *ewk-, *owk-, *ūk-, from an onomatopoeic * ew, *ow with an extra k (common in derivations of onomatopoeic words; cf. Russian у (u) “uh!” and the derived verb укать (ukatʹ)). Cognates include Lithuanian áukterti (“to howl”), Old Prussian aukis (“vulture”) (probably from “noisy, screeming bird,” maybe from “storm bird”), Russian аукать (aukatʹ, “to howl”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐍉𐌽 (auhjōn, “to make noise”).

auka plosās

rudens aukas

cīņu aukas

atvairīdams aukas brāzienus, iegaudojas mežs

the forest is howling, repelling the gale blows

gale (strong wind that does not reach the level of a storm; also figuratively)


salvete

salvete (nominative singular)
salvetes (nominative plural)
salveti (accusative singular)
salvetes (accusative plural)
salvetes (genitive singular)
salvešu (genitive plural)
salvetei (dative singular)
salvetēm (dative plural)
salveti (instrumental singular)
salvetēm (instrumental plural)
salvetē (locative singular)
salvetēs (locative plural)
salvete (singular vocative)
salvetes (plural vocative)


kvieši

kvieši (nominative plural)
kviešus (accusative plural)
kviešu (genitive plural)
kviešiem (dative plural)
kviešiem (instrumental plural)
kviešos (locative plural)
kvieši (plural vocative)

From an earlier *kvietis (plural kvieši, genitive *kvietya > kvieša, from which a new singular kviesis was formed by analogy), from Proto-Baltic *kʷiet-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeyt- (“to shine; bright; white”), from a stem *kew-, *ḱew- (“to shine; bright”) with an extra -t. The original meaning was probably “light, bright one” > “wheat,” given its color. Cognates include Lithuanian kviečiaĩ, singular kvietỹs, Proto-Germanic *hwaitijaz (Old Norse hveiti, Norwegian kveite, Old High German weizi, German Weizen, Old English hwæte, English wheat).

uder

kviešu milti

kviešu maize

kviešu lauks

sēt kviešus

pļaut kviešus

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum#Translingual


gaļa

gaļa (nominative singular)
gaļas (nominative plural)
gaļu (accusative singular)
gaļas (accusative plural)
gaļas (genitive singular)
gaļu (genitive plural)
gaļai (dative singular)
gaļām (dative plural)
gaļu (instrumental singular)
gaļām (instrumental plural)
gaļā (locative singular)
gaļās (locative plural)
gaļa (singular vocative)
gaļas (plural vocative)

The origin of this word has not been fully explained. It may have been derived from the same stem as the (dated) verb galēt (“to kill”) (cf. dzelt (“to sting”), derived from another grade of the same stem), so that it would have originally meant “stabbed, killed, slaughtered (animal).” A different hypothesis is that gaļa is cognate with Russian го́лый (gólyj, “naked”), its original meaning having been “naked (= skinned) flesh, meat.” Either way, gaļa has replaced in this sense the word miesa, formerly “meat,” now specifically “(human) flesh.” Cognates include Sudovian fała (probably misspelled *gala).

cūkas, aitas, jēra gaļa

pig, sheep, lamb meat (i.e. pork, mutton, lamb)

vērša, liellopu gaļa

zivju gaļa

trekna, liesa gaļa

jēla, zaļa gaļa

cepta, vārīta, žāvēta gaļa

malta gaļa

gaļas šķēle

gaļas kvalitāte

sālīt, sautēt gaļu

kāposti, pīrāgs ar gaļu

gaļas ražošana, rūpniecība

truša gaļu, tāpat kā teļa gaļu, organisms viegli izmanto... ar savu maigo un patīkamo garšu tā atgādina vistas gaļu

rabbit meat, like veal (lit. calf meat), can be easily utilized (i.e. digested) by the (human) organism... with its mild and pleasant taste, it is reminiscent of chicken meat

meat (food obtained from the flesh of slaughtered animals)

gaļas produkti

gaļas buljons, zupa

gaļas mērce

gaļas kotletes, pīrāgi

gaļas konservi

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) meat (containing meat, cooked or prepared with meat)

gaļas cūka, govs

gaļas lopi

gaļas cāļi

(in the genitive, used adjectivally, of animals) meat (from which one obtains meat; reared in order to produce meat)

gaļas olbaltumvielas

kur gaļa, tur kauli; kur āda, tur spalva

where (there is) meat, (there are) bones; where (there is) skin, (there is) fur

mans ievainojums nav smags, bet lode iedzinusi no šineļa gaļā vilnas piku

my wound is not heavy (i.e. serious), but the bullet drove in a lump of wool from the coat into (my) meat (or flesh)

meat, flesh (animal muscular and adipose tissue; also, colloquially, human flesh, usually miesa)

auglis (parastajai mandelei) no sāniem saspiests olveida kaulenis ar ādainu gaļu

the fruit (of the common almond tree) is, from the side, a compressed oval drupe with leathery flesh

(rare) meat, flesh (soft, juicy part of a fruit)


noti

accusative/instrumental singular of nots


tanti

accusative/instrumental singular of tante


vistu

inflection of vista:
accusative/instrumental singular


kolonna

kolonna (nominative singular)
kolonnas (nominative plural)
kolonnu (accusative singular)
kolonnas (accusative plural)
kolonnas (genitive singular)
kolonnu (genitive plural)
kolonnai (dative singular)
kolonnām (dative plural)
kolonnu (instrumental singular)
kolonnām (instrumental plural)
kolonnā (locative singular)
kolonnās (locative plural)
kolonna (singular vocative)
kolonnas (plural vocative)

From Italian colonna, from Latin columna.


komanda

komanda (nominative singular)
komandas (nominative plural)
komandu (accusative singular)
komandas (accusative plural)
komandas (genitive singular)
komandu (genitive plural)
komandai (dative singular)
komandām (dative plural)
komandu (instrumental singular)
komandām (instrumental plural)
komandā (locative singular)
komandās (locative plural)
komanda (singular vocative)
komandas (plural vocative)


metodi

accusative/instrumental singular of metode


kross

kross (nominative singular)
krosi (nominative plural)
krosu (accusative singular)
krosus (accusative plural)
krosa (genitive singular)
krosu (genitive plural)
krosam (dative singular)
krosiem (dative plural)
krosu (instrumental singular)
krosiem (instrumental plural)
krosā (locative singular)
krosos (locative plural)
kros (singular vocative)
krosi (plural vocative)


ministri

accusative/instrumental singular of ministre


sarma

sarma (nominative singular)
sarmas (nominative plural)
sarmu (accusative singular)
sarmas (accusative plural)
sarmas (genitive singular)
sarmu (genitive plural)
sarmai (dative singular)
sarmām (dative plural)
sarmu (instrumental singular)
sarmām (instrumental plural)
sarmā (locative singular)
sarmās (locative plural)
sarma (singular vocative)
sarmas (plural vocative)

sarmas klāti koki

graudainā sarma

kristāliskā sarma

frost (thin ice crystals that form on plant leaves, twigs, or also on wires, cables, etc. when the air temperature is below the freezing point)

sarma matos


balli

accusative/instrumental singular of balle


abati

accusative/instrumental singular of abate


mici

accusative/instrumental singular of mice


molekula

molekula (nominative singular)
molekulas (nominative plural)
molekulu (accusative singular)
molekulas (accusative plural)
molekulas (genitive singular)
molekulu (genitive plural)
molekulai (dative singular)
molekulām (dative plural)
molekulu (instrumental singular)
molekulām (instrumental plural)
molekulā (locative singular)
molekulās (locative plural)
molekula (singular vocative)
molekulas (plural vocative)

ūdens molekula

divatomu molekula

molekulas uzbūve

molekulu kustība

molecule (smallest part of an element or compound that still preserves its chemical properties)


domi

accusative/instrumental singular of dome


osi

accusative/instrumental/vocative singular of osis


vieta

vieta (nominative singular)
vietas (nominative plural)
vietu (accusative singular)
vietas (accusative plural)
vietas (genitive singular)
vietu (genitive plural)
vietai (dative singular)
vietām (dative plural)
vietu (instrumental singular)
vietām (instrumental plural)
vietā (locative singular)
vietās (locative plural)
vieta (singular vocative)
vietas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to pursue, hunt”), see also Proto-Slavic *vitati, Proto-Germanic *waiþō.


tasi

accusative/instrumental singular of tase


idioti

accusative/instrumental singular of idiote


avene

avene (nominative singular)
avenes (nominative plural)
aveni (accusative singular)
avenes (accusative plural)
avenes (genitive singular)
aveņu (genitive plural)
avenei (dative singular)
avenēm (dative plural)
aveni (instrumental singular)
avenēm (instrumental plural)
avenē (locative singular)
avenēs (locative plural)
avene (singular vocative)
avenes (plural vocative)

Derived from the word avs “ewe” (cf. auns) + -ene. Raspberries are compared to sheep because of their softness and the tiny projections on their surface. Another possible motivation is that sheep often eat raspberry leaves. Cognates include Lithuanian aviẽtė.

meža, dārza avene

smaržīgā avene

aveņu puduris

baltās avenes

avenes izplatītas visā ziemeļu puslodes mērenajā joslā, ogas sarkanas

raspberries (are) found all over the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere, (its) berries (are) red

raspberry (a plant of the family Rosaceae, genus Rubus, with sweet, aromatic, usually red berries)

iet avenēs

lasīt avenes

aveņu ievārījums

Justīne spraucās cauri brikšņiem, lasīdama gatavās avenes

Justīne peeped through the thicket (bush), gathering ripe raspberries

izcirtumā atkal smaržo avenes

in the clearing, one could again smell raspberries


imperatori

nominative/vocative plural of imperators

accusative/instrumental singular of imperatore


fizika

fizika (nominative singular)
fiziku (accusative singular)
fizikas (genitive singular)
fizikai (dative singular)
fiziku (instrumental singular)
fizikā (locative singular)
fizika (singular vocative)

Via some other European language, from Ancient Greek φυσικός (phusikós, “natural”).

teorētiskā fizika

eksperimentālā fizika

elementārdaļiņu fizika

šķidrumu fizika

cietvielu fizika

plazmas fizika

vakuuma fizika

physics (science that studies the general properties of matter and the laws of motion)

fizikas stunda

fizikas skolotājs

physics (the corresponding school subject)


indi

accusative/instrumental singular of inde (“poison”)


azoti

accusative/instrumental singular of azote


abaku

inflection of abaks:
accusative/instrumental singular


preci

accusative/instrumental singular of prece


bulli

accusative/vocative/instrumental singular of bullis


milze

lv-noun

milze f (5th declension, masculine form: milzis)

milzis (masculine)
milze (nominative singular)
milzes (nominative plural)
milzi (accusative singular)
milzes (accusative plural)
milzes (genitive singular)
milžu (genitive plural)
milzei (dative singular)
milzēm (dative plural)
milzi (instrumental singular)
milzēm (instrumental plural)
milzē (locative singular)
milzēs (locative plural)
milze (singular vocative)
milzes (plural vocative)

From milzis (“(male) giant”) + -e (“fem.”).

viņš Speipnira mugurā jāj deviņas naktis, līdz ierodas pie upes Gjellas un šķērso tās tiltu, kuru sargā milze Modgūda

he rides on the back of Speipnirs for nine nights, until he comes to the river Gjella and crosses the bridge which is guarded by the giantess Modgūda

(folklore, mythology) female giant, giantess (very large, supernaturally strong female being)

jauka un labsirdīga meitene, milze Neringa, zvejnieka meita

a nice, kind-hearted girl, the giantess Neringa, a fisherman's daughter

(female) giant, giantess (very large woman or female animal)


biete

biete (nominative singular)
bietes (nominative plural)
bieti (accusative singular)
bietes (accusative plural)
bietes (genitive singular)
biešu (genitive plural)
bietei (dative singular)
bietēm (dative plural)
bieti (instrumental singular)
bietēm (instrumental plural)
bietē (locative singular)
bietēs (locative plural)
biete (singular vocative)
bietes (plural vocative)


sociologi

nominative/accusative plural of sociologs


slavi

(dialectal) accusative singular of slave

(dialectal) instrumental singular of slave


veci

vocative/accusative/instrumental singular of vecis


pali

pali (nominative plural)
palus (accusative plural)
palu (genitive plural)
paliem (dative plural)
paliem (instrumental plural)
palos (locative plural)
pali (plural vocative)

flood, freshet (flood), high water, inundation


astronomi

accusative/instrumental singular of astronome


kaklarota

kaklarota (nominative singular)
kaklarotas (nominative plural)
kaklarotu (accusative singular)
kaklarotas (accusative plural)
kaklarotas (genitive singular)
kaklarotu (genitive plural)
kaklarotai (dative singular)
kaklarotām (dative plural)
kaklarotu (instrumental singular)
kaklarotām (instrumental plural)
kaklarotā (locative singular)
kaklarotās (locative plural)
kaklarota (singular vocative)
kaklarotas (plural vocative)

From kakla (“neck[gen.]”) + rota (“jewel”).


skava

skava (nominative singular)
skavas (nominative plural)
skavu (accusative singular)
skavas (accusative plural)
skavas (genitive singular)
skavu (genitive plural)
skavai (dative singular)
skavām (dative plural)
skavu (instrumental singular)
skavām (instrumental plural)
skavā (locative singular)
skavās (locative plural)
skava (singular vocative)
skavas (plural vocative)


statistika

statistika (nominative singular)
statistikas (nominative plural)
statistiku (accusative singular)
statistikas (accusative plural)
statistikas (genitive singular)
statistiku (genitive plural)
statistikai (dative singular)
statistikām (dative plural)
statistiku (instrumental singular)
statistikām (instrumental plural)
statistikā (locative singular)
statistikās (locative plural)
statistika (singular vocative)
statistikas (plural vocative)

From German Statistik, term introduced by Gottfried Achenwall in 1748, originally referring to the analysis of data about the state, from New Latin statisticum collegium (“lecture course on state affairs”), from Italian statista (“one skilled in statecraft”), from Latin status (“state”).

der

matemātiskā statistika

sociālā, demogrāfiskā statistika

statistikas dati

(usually in the singular) statistics (mathematical science concerned with collecting, presenting, analyzing and interpreting data)

dzimstības statistika

tirdzniecības, rūpniecības, lauksaimniecības statistika

trade, industrial, agricultural statistics

centrālā statistikas pārvalde

statistics (specific statistical data or results)


kardiologi

nominative/accusative plural of kardiologs


austeri

accusative/instrumental singular of austere


raju

inflection of raja:
accusative/instrumental singular


lieta

lieta (nominative singular)
lietas (nominative plural)
lietu (accusative singular)
lietas (accusative plural)
lietas (genitive singular)
lietu (genitive plural)
lietai (dative singular)
lietām (dative plural)
lietu (instrumental singular)
lietām (instrumental plural)
lietā (locative singular)
lietās (locative plural)
lieta (singular vocative)
lietas (plural vocative)


idiote

lv-noun

idiote f (5th declension, masculine form: idiots)

idiots (masculine)
idiote (nominative singular)
idiotes (nominative plural)
idioti (accusative singular)
idiotes (accusative plural)
idiotes (genitive singular)
idiošu (genitive plural)
idiotei (dative singular)
idiotēm (dative plural)
idioti (instrumental singular)
idiotēm (instrumental plural)
idiotē (locative singular)
idiotēs (locative plural)
idiote (singular vocative)
idiotes (plural vocative)

idiote kopš bernības

(female) idiot (woman with extremely serious problems in her mental development)

iemīlējusies idiote

tu esi tāda idiote, bet es tevi tik un tā mīlu!

you are such a (female) idiot, but I love you anyway

(colloquial) (female) fool, stupid woman


ekonomisti

nominative/vocative plural of ekonomists

accusative/instrumental singular of ekonomiste


paciente

paciente f (5th declension, masculine form: pacients)

pacients (masculine)
paciente (nominative singular)
pacientes (nominative plural)
pacienti (accusative singular)
pacientes (accusative plural)
pacientes (genitive singular)
pacienšu (genitive plural)
pacientei (dative singular)
pacientēm (dative plural)
pacienti (instrumental singular)
pacientēm (instrumental plural)
pacientē (locative singular)
pacientēs (locative plural)
paciente (singular vocative)
pacientes (plural vocative)


antropologi

nominative/vocative plural of antropologs


rublis

rublis (nominative singular)
rubļi (nominative plural)
rubli (accusative singular)
rubļus (accusative plural)
rubļa (genitive singular)
rubļu (genitive plural)
rublim (dative singular)
rubļiem (dative plural)
rubli (instrumental singular)
rubļiem (instrumental plural)
rublī (locative singular)
rubļos (locative plural)
rubli (singular vocative)
rubļi (plural vocative)

metāla rublis

papīra rublis

rubļa vērtība

rubļa kurss

grāmata maksā vienu rubli

ruble (monetary unit of Russia and Belarus, and until 1993 also of Latvia)


gramatika

gramatika f (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


akti

accusative/instrumental singular of akts


karalis

karalis m (2nd declension, feminine form: karaliene)

karaliene (feminine)
karalis (nominative singular)
karaļi (nominative plural)
karali (accusative singular)
karaļus (accusative plural)
karaļa (genitive singular)
karaļu (genitive plural)
karalim (dative singular)
karaļiem (dative plural)
karali (instrumental singular)
karaļiem (instrumental plural)
karalī (locative singular)
karaļos (locative plural)
karali (singular vocative)
karaļi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Lithuanian karãlius, itself a borrowing from Belarusian каро́ль (karólʹ), ultimately from the name of Charlemagne (cf. Latin Carolus, German Karl, Karol). Introduced by Atis Kronvalds in 1870. It soon became popular, possibly because of its similarity with Russian король (korolʹ, “king”) and its apparent connection to karš (“war”), and mostly replaced the earlier Germanism ķēniņš.

Anglijas karalis

skotu karalis

karaļa dinastija

kronēt karali

king (the monarch of a kingdom; the title of this monarch)

Zagroba ir cirku karalis

zvēru karalis

king (the most important, influential or outstanding member of a group)

(chess) king (the most important piece, the capture of which signals the end of a game of chess)


fails

fails (nominative singular)
faili (nominative plural)
failu (accusative singular)
failus (accusative plural)
faila (genitive singular)
failu (genitive plural)
failam (dative singular)
failiem (dative plural)
failu (instrumental singular)
failiem (instrumental plural)
failā (locative singular)
failos (locative plural)
fail (singular vocative)
faili (plural vocative)

Vai jūs tiešām vēlaties izdzēst šo failu?

Are you sure you want to delete this file?

(computing) file (aggregation of data on a storage device)


paroles

inflection of parole:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


misters

misters (nominative singular)
misteri (nominative plural)
misteru (accusative singular)
misterus (accusative plural)
mistera (genitive singular)
misteru (genitive plural)
misteram (dative singular)
misteriem (dative plural)
misteru (instrumental singular)
misteriem (instrumental plural)
misterā (locative singular)
misteros (locative plural)
mister (singular vocative)
misteri (plural vocative)


ogles

inflection of ogle:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


kores

inflection of kore:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


sarmas

inflection of sarma:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


vati

accusative/instrumental singular of vate


taju

inflection of tajs:
accusative/instrumental singular


latu

inflection of lats:
accusative/instrumental singular


tinte

tinte (nominative singular)
tintes (nominative plural)
tinti (accusative singular)
tintes (accusative plural)
tintes (genitive singular)
tinšu (genitive plural)
tintei (dative singular)
tintēm (dative plural)
tinti (instrumental singular)
tintēm (instrumental plural)
tintē (locative singular)
tintēs (locative plural)
tinte (singular vocative)
tintes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Tinte, itself a borrowing from Latin tincta (aqua) (“colored water, liquid”). This word is first mentioned in the early 19th century. It replaced an earlier borrowing blaka, from Middle Low German blak, black (“black ink”). An attempt to introduce a neologism melne (from melns (“black”); compare Russian черни́ла (černíla, “ink”), from чёрный (čórnyj, “black”)) also failed.

der

zilā, sarkanā, melnā tinte

parastā, speciālā tinte

gliemju tintes dziedzeri

(biology, anatomy) ink (dark liquid produced by certain animals or plants)


kaiva

kaiva (nominative singular)
kaivas (nominative plural)
kaivu (accusative singular)
kaivas (accusative plural)
kaivas (genitive singular)
kaivu (genitive plural)
kaivai (dative singular)
kaivām (dative plural)
kaivu (instrumental singular)
kaivām (instrumental plural)
kaivā (locative singular)
kaivās (locative plural)
kaiva (singular vocative)
kaivas (plural vocative)

gar tukšo krastu kliedzot laižas kaivas

seagulls flew squawking along the empty shore

(poetic) gull, seagull; alternative form of kaija


vainu

inflection of vaina:
accusative/instrumental singular


makaroni

makaroni (nominative plural)
makaronus (accusative plural)
makaronu (genitive plural)
makaroniem (dative plural)
makaroniem (instrumental plural)
makaronos (locative plural)
makaroni (plural vocative)


ventilatori

nominative/vocative plural of ventilators


dvēsele

dvēsele (nominative singular)
dvēseles (nominative plural)
dvēseli (accusative singular)
dvēseles (accusative plural)
dvēseles (genitive singular)
dvēseļu (genitive plural)
dvēselei (dative singular)
dvēselēm (dative plural)
dvēseli (instrumental singular)
dvēselēm (instrumental plural)
dvēselē (locative singular)
dvēselēs (locative plural)
dvēsele (singular vocative)
dvēseles (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwes- (“to breathe; breath, spirit, soul”).
Cognate with Lithuanian dvėselė (“soul; (dialectal) strength”) as well as more distantly daũsios and dvėsti; Slavic *dušà and *dȗxъ; Gaulish dusios; and English deer (originally "living thing" < "soul").


osu

inflection of osa:
accusative/instrumental singular


tabaka

tabaka (nominative singular)
tabaku (accusative singular)
tabakas (genitive singular)
tabakai (dative singular)
tabaku (instrumental singular)
tabakā (locative singular)
tabaka (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Spanish tabaco, itself borrowed from a Taíno (Arawakan) word meaning either “roll of tobacco leaves” or “pipe for smoking tobacco,” but apparently also merged with a pre-existing borrowing from Arabic طَبَاق (ṭabāq, “a type of medicinal herb”), found in the early 15th century as the name of various herbs.

der

tabakas audzēšana

tabakas šķirne

tabakas lapas satur nikotīnu, kas ir stipra sirds inde un pamazām atstāj graujošu ietekmi uz cilvēka asinsvadu sistēmu un nerviem

tobacco leaves contain nicotine, which is a strong heart poison and has gradual destructive influence on a person's circulatory and nervous systems

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum#Translingual

tobacco (several plants of the genus Nicotiana, especially Nicotiana tabacum and related species, with leaves used for smoking or chewing)

tabakas fabrika

tabakas izstrādājumi

smēķēt tabaku

tabakas maks, tabakmaks

košļāt, zelēt tabaku

bāzt tabaku pīpē

piebāzt pīpi ar tabaku

šņaucamā tabaka

istaba tabakas dūmu tik pilna, ka mušas meklēja glābiņu pie sijām

the room was so full of tobacco smoke that the flies looked for shelter at the beams

tobacco (the leaves of such a plant, especially when dried and/or pulverized for smoking or chewing)


spalva

spalva (nominative singular)
spalvas (nominative plural)
spalvu (accusative singular)
spalvas (accusative plural)
spalvas (genitive singular)
spalvu (genitive plural)
spalvai (dative singular)
spalvām (dative plural)
spalvu (instrumental singular)
spalvām (instrumental plural)
spalvā (locative singular)
spalvās (locative plural)
spalva (singular vocative)
spalvas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *spalwā, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *spʰel- (“to split, cast off”) with a w extension. Alternatively, *spalu- may simply have been a u-stem noun, later transformed into an ā-stem noun: *spalu-ā- > *spalvā-. The original meaning was probably “that which was torn off, plucked, shorn.” Cognates include Lithuanian spalvà (“color”) (“color” meaning is a secondary development), Sudovian spiła.

pīlu, vistu, baložu spalvas

raibas spalvas

mest spalvas

to change (lit. throw) feathers, to moult

plūkt, plucināt spalvas

spalvu sega

spalvu mākoņi

feather (branching, hair-like structure that covers the skin of birds; a feather covering)

zirgam gluda, spoža spalva

spalvām apaugušas rokas, kājas

hands, feet covered, overgrown with hair

mākslīga spalva

liels suns, gludu spalvu, tumši brūns kā kastanis

a big dog, (with) smooth fur, dark brown like a chestnut

truši met spalvu, t. i., mati izkrīt un to vietā izaug jauni

rabbits shed their fur, i.e., their hairs fall off and on the same place new ones grow

fur, hair; a covering of hair (on mammals)

noasināta zoss spalva

rakstāmspalva

pildspalva

rupja, smalka spalva

iemērkt spalvu tintē, tušā

pirmais spalvas mēģinājums

the first attempt at the pen (= at writing, by a new author)

quill, pen (especially to be used as a writing instrument)


kauls

kauls (nominative singular)
kauli (nominative plural)
kaulu (accusative singular)
kaulus (accusative plural)
kaula (genitive singular)
kaulu (genitive plural)
kaulam (dative singular)
kauliem (dative plural)
kaulu (instrumental singular)
kauliem (instrumental plural)
kaulā (locative singular)
kaulos (locative plural)
kauls (singular vocative)
kauli (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *káuˀlas, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulós.


vētra

vētra (nominative singular)
vētras (nominative plural)
vētru (accusative singular)
vētras (accusative plural)
vētras (genitive singular)
vētru (genitive plural)
vētrai (dative singular)
vētrām (dative plural)
vētru (instrumental singular)
vētrām (instrumental plural)
vētrā (locative singular)
vētrās (locative plural)
vētra (singular vocative)
vētras (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *wēˀtrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow, to breathe”) (whence also vējš (“wind”), q.v.), with an extra suffix -trā with agent meaning (“one who blows”). Cognates include Lithuanian vė́tra, Old Prussian wetro ([vētro], “wind”), Proto-Slavic *větrъ (Old Church Slavonic вѣтръ (větrŭ, “wind”), Russian ве́тер (véter, “wind”), Belarusian ве́цер (vjécjer), Ukrainian ві́тер (víter), Bulgarian вя́тър (vjátǎr), Czech vítr, Polish wiatr), Proto-Germanic *wedrą (Old Norse veðr, Old High German wetar, Old English weder (“wind, weather”), German Wetter, English weather).

cog

pavasara vētra

vētras kauciens

vētras nakts

iekļūt vētrā

iet bojā vētrā

sniega vētra

smilšu vētra

magnētiskā vētra

Helēna zināja, ka dzintars nāk krastā līdz ar vētru; un iepriekšējā naktī vējš bija trakojis

Helēna knew that amber comes ashore with a storm; and the previous night the wind had raged

storm (very strong wind (up to 30 m/s) which causes strong waves and land damage)

kara vētra

(figuratively) storm (a social event with catastrophic consequences)

kaislību vētra

zobgalību vētra

protesta vētra

sašutuma vētra

aplausu vētra

pamatīga smieklu vētra pāršalca visu klāju

a thorough storm of laughter exploded across the deck

(figuratively) storm (very strong manifestation of a mental phenomenon; also of protests, demands, etc.)


naktis

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of nakts


nakts

nakts (nominative singular)
naktis (nominative plural)
nakti (accusative singular)
naktis (accusative plural)
nakts (genitive singular)
nakšu (genitive plural)
naktij (dative singular)
naktīm (dative plural)
nakti (instrumental singular)
naktīm (instrumental plural)
naktī (locative singular)
naktīs (locative plural)
nakts (singular vocative)
naktis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *náktis, from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts.

vēla nakts

dziļa nakts

gara, īsa nakts

pavadīt nakti teltī

zvaigžņota nakts

nakts debesis

nakts mākoņi

nakts tumsa

tumšs kā naktī

melns kā nakts

black like the night (= very black; gloomy)

uz nakti, uz naktsguļu

nakts no sestdienas uz svētdienu

mūžīga nakts

strādāt dienām un naktīm, dienu un nakti

vakara sārtums pamazām nodziest... nu jau ir pilnīga nakts

the evening redness gradually disappears... now it is full night

nakts klusumā skarbi iečīkstējās durvis

in the silence of the night the door creaked harshly

night (time period from sunset to sunrise, from evening to morning)

jaungada nakts

līgo, Jāņu nakts

kažu nakts

pirmā nakts

wedding night (lit. first night, when the marriage is consummated)

night (the same time period, in relation to a certain event or holiday)

dzirnavās nakti bija dzīres: velni dejoja ar raganām

at the mill, durning the night, there was a feast: devils danced with witches

(in the accusative) at night (during that time period)

nakts vilciens

nakts dežūra

nakts maiņa, naktsmaiņa

nakts redzamība

nakts dzīvnieki, kukaiņi

nakts puķes

nakts pastaiga

nakts miers

nakts miegs

nakts salna

nakts lampa, naktslampa

vagonā jau ieslēgts nakts apgaismojums

the night lights are already on in the rail car

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) night, nocturnal (typical of, happening during, active during, this time period)

fašisma nakts

(figuratively) night (time period during which negative circumstances prevail)

muguru pagriezusi, viņa stāvēja pie loga un skatījās nakti

turning around, she stood by the window and looked at the night

night, dark (the darkness typical of this time period)


gulta

gulta (nominative singular)
gultas (nominative plural)
gultu (accusative singular)
gultas (accusative plural)
gultas (genitive singular)
gultu (genitive plural)
gultai (dative singular)
gultām (dative plural)
gultu (instrumental singular)
gultām (instrumental plural)
gultā (locative singular)
gultās (locative plural)
gulta (singular vocative)
gultas (plural vocative)

Derived from the verb gult (“to lie down”) (q.v.; cf. also its originally iterative-durative form gulēt (“to lie; to sleep”)). From the original meaning of gult (“to bend”), its participle gults indicated a “bent” or “dug in” place, probably via the meaning of animal sleeping places, which are often dug on the ground. Cognates include Lithuanian gùlta (“place to lie down”), gùltas (“sleeping place; sleeping boards; lake valley”).

dzelzs, koka gulta

saliekamā gulta

vienguļama gulta

divguļama, divvietīga gulta

laulības gulta

gultas galvgalis, kājgalis

sēdēt uz gultas malas

klāt gultu

likties gultā

kāzu gulta

gultas režīms

gulēt uz gultas

guļamistabā bija divas platas gultas ar baltām segām un lieliem, platiem spilveniem

in the bedroom there were two wide beds with white blankets and big, wide pillows

bed (piece of furniture for resting or sleeping on)


pikas

inflection of pika:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


problemas

inflection of problēma:
genitive singular

inflection of problēma:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


tauriņš

tauriņš (nominative singular)
tauriņi (nominative plural)
tauriņu (accusative singular)
tauriņus (accusative plural)
tauriņa (genitive singular)
tauriņu (genitive plural)
tauriņam (dative singular)
tauriņiem (dative plural)
tauriņu (instrumental singular)
tauriņiem (instrumental plural)
tauriņā (locative singular)
tauriņos (locative plural)
tauriņ (singular vocative)
tauriņi (plural vocative)

From Latvian tàurs, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *taurás, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.

dzeltens tauriņš

tauriņa kāpurs

tauriņu kolekcija


zirgs

zirgs (nominative singular)
zirgi (nominative plural)
zirgu (accusative singular)
zirgus (accusative plural)
zirga (genitive singular)
zirgu (genitive plural)
zirgam (dative singular)
zirgiem (dative plural)
zirgu (instrumental singular)
zirgiem (instrumental plural)
zirgā (locative singular)
zirgos (locative plural)
zirg (singular vocative)
zirgi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *źirˀgás. Cognates include Lithuanian žìrgas (“good, beautiful horse; steed”), Old Prussian sirgis ([zirgis], “stallion”), Sudovian zirgo (“horse”).

šķirnes zirgs

darba zirgs

sacīkšu zirgs

neiebraukts zirgs

braukt ar zirgu

zirgs rikšo, auļo

zirgs zviedz

apkalt zirgu

dzirdīt zirgus pie akas

jūgt zirgu arklā

strādā kā zirgs

Equus caballus
Equus caballus#Translingual

horse (esp. Equus caballus; generic word)


zars

zars (nominative singular)
zari (nominative plural)
zaru (accusative singular)
zarus (accusative plural)
zara (genitive singular)
zaru (genitive plural)
zaram (dative singular)
zariem (dative plural)
zaru (instrumental singular)
zariem (instrumental plural)
zarā (locative singular)
zaros (locative plural)
zar (singular vocative)
zari (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *žer-, *žar-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to beam, to shine, to glitter”), apparently from an older meaning “beam, branch” (compare *gʰer- (“to have protrusions”)) conserved in Latvian. Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal žarà, žãras (“branch, stem, trunk”), Old Prussian sari ([zari], “heat”), Old Church Slavonic заря (zarja), зоря (zorja, “dawn, dusk”), Russian заря́ (zarjá), зоря́ (zorjá), dialectal also “flower, grass, plant,” Bulgarian зора́ (zorá), заря́ (zarjá), Czech zaře, zoře, zora, Polish zorza, archaic zarza.

uder

ozola, bērza, palmas zars

priežu zari

zaļš egles zars

ziedošs ceriņa zars

kupls zars

kaili zari

aizdedzināt kadiķa zaru

mest zarus ugunskurā

putns uzmetas uz zara

lapas birst no koku zariem

izzāģēt kokiem sausos zarus

branch, twig, spray (part of a plant that grows from the stem or trunk and usually connects it with the leaves; this part together with its leaves and flowers)

grābekļa, dakšu zari

ķemmes zari

izlauzt, ielikt grābeklim zaru

tine, prong, teeth (pointed branching elements in a tool)

viens Daugavas zars

Valdgales stacijā sliežu ceļš sadalās trijos zaros

at Valdagle station the train tracks split off in three branches

branch (longitudinally branching part of a whole)

protestanti dalījās trīs galvenajos zaros: luterāņos, kalvinistos un anglikāņos

the Protestants split into three major branches: Lutherans, Calvinists and Anglicans

straumēnu radniecības koks bija liels, un visos apkārtējos pagastos iespiedās tā zari

the Straumens family tree was big, its branches pushed into all the surrounding parishes


grāmata

grāmata (nominative singular)
grāmatas (nominative plural)
grāmatu (accusative singular)
grāmatas (accusative plural)
grāmatas (genitive singular)
grāmatu (genitive plural)
grāmatai (dative singular)
grāmatām (dative plural)
grāmatu (instrumental singular)
grāmatām (instrumental plural)
grāmatā (locative singular)
grāmatās (locative plural)
grāmata (singular vocative)
grāmatas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic грамота (gramota, “alphabet, writing; ability to read and write; document”) (cf. Russian гра́мота (grámota, “ability to read and write; official document”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek γράμματα (grámmata, “written symbols, letters”). This word was borrowed into Latvian before the 13th century, referring, at first, to written religious manuscripts or texts of religious use, and only later — from the 16th century on (first attestations in dictionaries) — to printed texts. Up until the 1870s, grāmata could also refer to smaller written texts or letters; by the end of the 19th century, it had been restricted to books. Compare obsolete Lithuanian grõmata (“letter; document”).

cog

daiļliteratūras grāmata

skolas grāmata

mācību grāmata

bērnu grāmata

bilžu grāmata

pasaku grāmata

grāmatu krājums

grāmatu veikals

grāmatu izstāde

grāmatu plaukts, grāmatplaukts

lasīt grāmatu

iecerēt, rakstīt grāmatu

grāmatu gudrība

book wisdom (knowledge gained from books)

telefona grāmata

book (a printed and bound publication with more than 48 pages)

romāna pirmā grāmata

book (one of the parts in which a larger work, usually a novel, is divided)

sūdzību un ierosinājumu grāmata

parakstīties viesu grāmatā

atklājās viņa piezīmju grāmata, kurā viņš bija ierakstījis savas slepenākās domas, baidīdamies tās izrunāt

his note book was found, in which he had written his most secret thoughts, fearing to say them out loud

parasta mājas grāmata... uz vāka uz raksts “Liepu ielā 2”; iekšējās lapās ziņas par iemītniekiem

a normal house book (= register)... on the cover (the words) “2 Liepa street;” the pages inside (have) information on the occupants

book, register (series of usually blank pages bound or stapled together, in which something important is to be written)

pēc tam viņš bija mācījis grāmatu citiem ciema bērniem

after that he had taught to read (lit. taught the book) to other village children

viņi tikai pajautā: “vai grāmatu jau proti?”, “vai tev drīz nebūs jāsāk staigāt skolā?”

they only asked: “can you read (lit. do you know reading)?”, “won't you soon have to start going to school?”

augsti un bagāti kungi no pilsētas rakstot mērnieka cienīgam tēvam grāmatas, lūgdami, lai viņus arī pielaižot pie tās balles

high and wealthy city gentlemen, they say, wrote letters to the honorable father of the surveyor, praying that he would let them to the ball


tole

A female cow without horns (see Polled livestock at Wikipedia)

(by extension, derogatory) A woman lacking in initiative


gāze

lv-noun

gāze f (5th declension, irregular plural genitive)

gāze (nominative singular)
gāzes (nominative plural)
gāzi (accusative singular)
gāzes (accusative plural)
gāzes (genitive singular)
gāzu (genitive plural)
gāzei (dative singular)
gāzēm (dative plural)
gāzi (instrumental singular)
gāzēm (instrumental plural)
gāzē (locative singular)
gāzēs (locative plural)
gāze (singular vocative)
gāzes (plural vocative)

Likely via German Gas or Russian газ (gaz).

(chemistry) gas (state of matter), gaseous substance


gāze

gāze (nominative singular)
gāzes (nominative plural)
gāzi (accusative singular)
gāzes (accusative plural)
gāzes (genitive singular)
gāžu (genitive plural)
gāzei (dative singular)
gāzēm (dative plural)
gāzi (instrumental singular)
gāzēm (instrumental plural)
gāzē (locative singular)
gāzēs (locative plural)
gāze (singular vocative)
gāzes (plural vocative)

Apparently cognate with gāzt (“to topple over, to cause to fall down”).


gāze

gāze (nominative singular)
gāzi (accusative singular)
gāzes (genitive singular)
gāzei (dative singular)
gāzi (instrumental singular)
gāzē (locative singular)
gāze (singular vocative)

Likely via Russian газ (gaz, “gauze”), or perhaps German Gaze (“gauze”).


vali

vocative/accusative/instrumental singular of valis


nuga

nuga ? (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


laima

laima (nominative singular)
laimas (nominative plural)
laimu (accusative singular)
laimas (accusative plural)
laimas (genitive singular)
laimu (genitive plural)
laimai (dative singular)
laimām (dative plural)
laimu (instrumental singular)
laimām (instrumental plural)
laimā (locative singular)
laimās (locative plural)
laima (singular vocative)
laimas (plural vocative)

(dialectal) happiness; alternative form of laime


madara

madara (nominative singular)
madaras (nominative plural)
madaru (accusative singular)
madaras (accusative plural)
madaras (genitive singular)
madaru (genitive plural)
madarai (dative singular)
madarām (dative plural)
madaru (instrumental singular)
madarām (instrumental plural)
madarā (locative singular)
madarās (locative plural)
madara (singular vocative)
madaras (plural vocative)

madaru dzimta

ķeraiņu madara

mīkstā madara

ziemeļu madara

baltās un dzeltenās madaras

Rubia tinctorum
Rubia tinctorum#Translingual

madder, bedstraw (a type of flowering plant, Rubia tinctorum)


pīle

pīle (nominative singular)
pīles (nominative plural)
pīli (accusative singular)
pīles (accusative plural)
pīles (genitive singular)
pīļu (genitive plural)
pīlei (dative singular)
pīlēm (dative plural)
pīli (instrumental singular)
pīlēm (instrumental plural)
pīlē (locative singular)
pīlēs (locative plural)
pīle (singular vocative)
pīles (plural vocative)

Of onomatopoeic (imitative) origin, as is the case with several other Indo-European bird names, all from Proto-Indo-European onomatopoeic *pī- (reduplicated form *pīp-): Samogitian pīlė (“duck”), Bulgarian пи́ле (píle, “chick, young bird”), Serbo-Croatian pȉle (“chick”), Slovene pípa (“chicken”), Ancient Greek πῑ́πος (pī́pos, “young bird”). The Latvian term, originally probably a dialectal colloquialism, has apparently replaced an earlier Proto-Baltic *antis; compare Lithuanian ántis (“duck”).

cog

mājas pīle

meža pīle

pīļu mātīte

pīļu olas

pīļu ligzdošanas vietas

pīļu audzētava

pīles cepetis

avīžu pīle

palaist pīli

(colloquial) false sensationalist rumors


sods

sods (nominative singular)
sodi (nominative plural)
sodu (accusative singular)
sodus (accusative plural)
soda (genitive singular)
sodu (genitive plural)
sodam (dative singular)
sodiem (dative plural)
sodu (instrumental singular)
sodiem (instrumental plural)
sodā (locative singular)
sodos (locative plural)
sod (singular vocative)
sodi (plural vocative)


jambs

jambs (nominative singular)
jambi (nominative plural)
jambu (accusative singular)
jambus (accusative plural)
jamba (genitive singular)
jambu (genitive plural)
jambam (dative singular)
jambiem (dative plural)
jambu (instrumental singular)
jambiem (instrumental plural)
jambā (locative singular)
jambos (locative plural)
jamb (singular vocative)
jambi (plural vocative)


smaragds

smaragds (nominative singular)
smaragdi (nominative plural)
smaragdu (accusative singular)
smaragdus (accusative plural)
smaragda (genitive singular)
smaragdu (genitive plural)
smaragdam (dative singular)
smaragdiem (dative plural)
smaragdu (instrumental singular)
smaragdiem (instrumental plural)
smaragdā (locative singular)
smaragdos (locative plural)
smaragd (singular vocative)
smaragdi (plural vocative)


somas

inflection of soma:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


brits

lv-noun

brits m (1st declension, feminine form: britiete)

britiete (feminine)
brits (nominative singular)
briti (nominative plural)
britu (accusative singular)
britus (accusative plural)
brita (genitive singular)
britu (genitive plural)
britam (dative singular)
britiem (dative plural)
britu (instrumental singular)
britiem (instrumental plural)
britā (locative singular)
britos (locative plural)
brit (singular vocative)
briti (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Latin Brittō or its Celtic equivalent (see Brython), probably via some other European language (cf. German Brite, Russian бритт (britt)).

es esmu brits

a Briton, a British man, a man born in Great Britain; a citizen of the United Kingdom

britu armija

Britu impērija

Britu Kolumbija

(genitive plural): British; pertaining to Great Britain or the United Kingdom and its people

5. gadsimtā pirms mūsu ēras Britu salas iekaroja ķeltu ciltis: briti un skoti

in the 5th century BC Celtic tribes - the Britons and the Scots (Gaels) - conquered the British Isles

(historical, in the plural) the Britons, members of the Celtic tribes that lived in southern Britain at the time of the Roman conquest


duci

vocative/accusative/instrumental singular of ducis


bazilika

bazilika (nominative singular)
bazilikas (nominative plural)
baziliku (accusative singular)
bazilikas (accusative plural)
bazilikas (genitive singular)
baziliku (genitive plural)
bazilikai (dative singular)
bazilikām (dative plural)
baziliku (instrumental singular)
bazilikām (instrumental plural)
bazilikā (locative singular)
bazilikās (locative plural)
bazilika (singular vocative)
bazilikas (plural vocative)


stunda

stunda (nominative singular)
stundas (nominative plural)
stundu (accusative singular)
stundas (accusative plural)
stundas (genitive singular)
stundu (genitive plural)
stundai (dative singular)
stundām (dative plural)
stundu (instrumental singular)
stundām (instrumental plural)
stundā (locative singular)
stundās (locative plural)
stunda (singular vocative)
stundas (plural vocative)

A borrowing, traditionally described as from Middle Low German stunde (“hour”), from Old Saxon stunda, from Proto-West Germanic *stundu, from Proto-Germanic *stundō, since this form is found in the earliest attestations.
But some authors argue that these early attestations are found only in some dialects, and that later competing forms (stunds, stunda) might correspond to earlier competing variants, which suggests that this word already existed in Latvian prior to Middle Low German influence. This would mean that it was previously borrowed from another Germanic language (possibly Gothic, or maybe Old High German or Old Norse). The current form stunda became stabilised at the beginning of the 18th century.

gaidīt veselu stundu

nokavēties par stundu

stundas ceturksnis

septiņu stundu darba diena

rīta stunda

klusā stunda

policijas, komandantas stunda

curfew (literally: commandant's, police hour)

kurp iesi tik agrā stundā?

viņa stunda ir situsi

hour (relatively short period in a day, often associated with an event, activity, or situation)

matemātikas stunda

cikos skolā sākas stundas?

at what time do classes start at school?

(sa)gatavot stundu

atstāt pēc stundām

ņemt stundas

lesson (period of time in which a class takes place, especially at an educational institution)


studenti

vocative/accusative/instrumental singular of studente


erozija

erozija (nominative singular)
erozijas (nominative plural)
eroziju (accusative singular)
erozijas (accusative plural)
erozijas (genitive singular)
eroziju (genitive plural)
erozijai (dative singular)
erozijām (dative plural)
eroziju (instrumental singular)
erozijām (instrumental plural)
erozijā (locative singular)
erozijās (locative plural)
erozija (singular vocative)
erozijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin ērōsiō, an action nominal derived from the verb ērōdō (“to gnaw away, to corrode”). It was adapted to fit Latvian grammatical patterns ( + -ija).

augsnes erozija

vējš ir viens no spēcīgākajiem augsnes erozija faktoriem

the wind is one of the most important factors in soil erosion

(agriculture, geology) erosion (destructive effect of natural external forces (wind, water, etc. on the surface of the earth, its soil, rocks, etc.)

vara erozija

cinka erozija

kaitīgi metālu ietekmē elektriskā erozija

electrical erosion has harmful effects on metal

(technology) (local disintegration on material surfaces)


ornitologi

nominative/vocative plural of ornitologs


ods

ods (nominative singular)
odi (nominative plural)
odu (accusative singular)
odus (accusative plural)
oda (genitive singular)
odu (genitive plural)
odam (dative singular)
odiem (dative plural)
odu (instrumental singular)
odiem (instrumental plural)
odā (locative singular)
odos (locative plural)
od (singular vocative)
odi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *uodas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to eat, to bite”). Cognates include Lithuanian úodas. The original meaning was thus “eater, biter.”

der

oda kodums

malārijas odi

pa logu ielido odi un raudulīgi sīc, pēc asinīm izslāpuši

mosquitos flew at the window and buzzed tearfully, thirsty for blood

gnat, mosquito (small insects (order: Diptera), especially mosquitos (family: Culicidae) that bite and suck blood)


tipu

inflection of tips:
accusative/instrumental singular


kulaks

lv-noun

kulaks m (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


elks

elks (nominative singular)
elki (nominative plural)
elku (accusative singular)
elkus (accusative plural)
elka (genitive singular)
elku (genitive plural)
elkam (dative singular)
elkiem (dative plural)
elku (instrumental singular)
elkiem (instrumental plural)
elkā (locative singular)
elkos (locative plural)
elk (singular vocative)
elki (plural vocative)


mansards

mansards m (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


kilograms

kilograms (nominative singular)
kilogrami (nominative plural)
kilogramu (accusative singular)
kilogramus (accusative plural)
kilograma (genitive singular)
kilogramu (genitive plural)
kilogramam (dative singular)
kilogramiem (dative plural)
kilogramu (instrumental singular)
kilogramiem (instrumental plural)
kilogramā (locative singular)
kilogramos (locative plural)
kilogram (singular vocative)
kilogrami (plural vocative)

kilogram (SI unit of measure, equivalent to 1000 grams)


boles

inflection of bole:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


fagots

fagots m (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


alata

alata (nominative singular)
alatas (nominative plural)
alatu (accusative singular)
alatas (accusative plural)
alatas (genitive singular)
alatu (genitive plural)
alatai (dative singular)
alatām (dative plural)
alatu (instrumental singular)
alatām (instrumental plural)
alatā (locative singular)
alatās (locative plural)
alata (singular vocative)
alatas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German alat, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *al- (“white, shiny”), first mentioned in 18th-century sources.

cog

alatu dzimta

ej tikai pie upes un velc zivis ārā: asarus ar tārpu, raudas ar sienāzi, bet foreles, alatas;, sīgas un citas gudrākas zivis ar mušu vai kāpuru.

just go to the river and pull the fish out: perches with a worm, roaches with a grasshopper; but trouts, graylings, whitefish and other smarter fish with a fly or a fly larva

Alburnus alburnus
Alburnus alburnus#Translingual

common bleak (small river fish of the family Cyprinidae, species Alburnus alburnus)


lingvistika

lingvistika (nominative singular)
lingvistiku (accusative singular)
lingvistikas (genitive singular)
lingvistikai (dative singular)
lingvistiku (instrumental singular)
lingvistikā (locative singular)
lingvistika (singular vocative)

matemātiskā lingvistika

linguistics (science that studies language)


agresija

agresija (nominative singular)
agresijas (nominative plural)
agresiju (accusative singular)
agresijas (accusative plural)
agresijas (genitive singular)
agresiju (genitive plural)
agresijai (dative singular)
agresijām (dative plural)
agresiju (instrumental singular)
agresijām (instrumental plural)
agresijā (locative singular)
agresijās (locative plural)
agresija (singular vocative)
agresijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Latin aggressiō + -ija

aggression, attack, invasion (an armed attack against another state, directed against its sovereignty, political independence or territorial integrity)

belligerence, hostility (angry, hostile, even aggressive behaviour)

(biology) aggression (a form of behaviour used by an individual to intimidate or hurt another being of the same or a different species)


astronomija

astronomija (nominative singular)
astronomiju (accusative singular)
astronomijas (genitive singular)
astronomijai (dative singular)
astronomiju (instrumental singular)
astronomijā (locative singular)
astronomija (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Latin astronomia, from Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star”) and νόμος (nómos, “arranging, regulating”), adapted to Latvian patterns (-ija).

vispārēja astronomija

sfēriskā astronomija

zvaigžņu astronomija

astronomy (science that studies celestial bodies, their structure, development, and interrelations)

astronomijas kurss

astronomy (the corresponding teaching subject)


biofizika

biofizika (nominative singular)
biofiziku (accusative singular)
biofizikas (genitive singular)
biofizikai (dative singular)
biofiziku (instrumental singular)
biofizikā (locative singular)
biofizika (singular vocative)


teorija

teorija (nominative singular)
teorijas (nominative plural)
teoriju (accusative singular)
teorijas (accusative plural)
teorijas (genitive singular)
teoriju (genitive plural)
teorijai (dative singular)
teorijām (dative plural)
teoriju (instrumental singular)
teorijām (instrumental plural)
teorijā (locative singular)
teorijās (locative plural)
teorija (singular vocative)
teorijas (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek θεωρία (theōría, “contemplation, speculation, a looking at, things looked at”), from θεωρέω (theōréō, “I look at, view, consider, examine”), from θεωρός (theōrós, “spectator”), from θέα (théa, “a view”) + ὁράω (horáō, “I see, look”).


melodija

melodija (nominative singular)
melodijas (nominative plural)
melodiju (accusative singular)
melodijas (accusative plural)
melodijas (genitive singular)
melodiju (genitive plural)
melodijai (dative singular)
melodijām (dative plural)
melodiju (instrumental singular)
melodijām (instrumental plural)
melodijā (locative singular)
melodijās (locative plural)
melodija (singular vocative)
melodijas (plural vocative)


jahta

jahta (nominative singular)
jahtas (nominative plural)
jahtu (accusative singular)
jahtas (accusative plural)
jahtas (genitive singular)
jahtu (genitive plural)
jahtai (dative singular)
jahtām (dative plural)
jahtu (instrumental singular)
jahtām (instrumental plural)
jahtā (locative singular)
jahtās (locative plural)
jahta (singular vocative)
jahtas (plural vocative)


akustika

akustika (nominative singular)
akustiku (accusative singular)
akustikas (genitive singular)
akustikai (dative singular)
akustiku (instrumental singular)
akustikā (locative singular)
akustika (singular vocative)

Via some European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀκουστικός (akoustikós), from ἀκούω (akoúō, “to hear”).

fizioloġiskā akustika

akustikas speciālists

acoustics (branch of physics that studies sounds and their properties)

laba akustika

vāja akustika

acoustics (sound diffusion and audibility in a given place)


lopu

accusative/instrumental/genitive singular of lops


oms

oms (nominative singular)
omi (nominative plural)
omu (accusative singular)
omus (accusative plural)
oma (genitive singular)
omu (genitive plural)
omam (dative singular)
omiem (dative plural)
omu (instrumental singular)
omiem (instrumental plural)
omā (locative singular)
omos (locative plural)
om (singular vocative)
omi (plural vocative)


anarhija

anarhija (nominative singular)
anarhijas (nominative plural)
anarhiju (accusative singular)
anarhijas (accusative plural)
anarhijas (genitive singular)
anarhiju (genitive plural)
anarhijai (dative singular)
anarhijām (dative plural)
anarhiju (instrumental singular)
anarhijām (instrumental plural)
anarhijā (locative singular)
anarhijās (locative plural)
anarhija (singular vocative)
anarhijas (plural vocative)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀναρχία (anarkhía).


tehnika

lv-noun

tehnika f (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


baterija

baterija f (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


ekonomija

ekonomija (nominative singular)
ekonomiju (accusative singular)
ekonomijas (genitive singular)
ekonomijai (dative singular)
ekonomiju (instrumental singular)
ekonomijā (locative singular)
ekonomija (singular vocative)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Latin oeconomia, from Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomía, “management of a household, administration”), from οἶκος (oîkos, “house”) and νόμος (nómos, “law”).

uder

materiālā ekonomija

telpas ekonomija

novatori bija apņēmušies ieviest ražošanā tik daudz priekšlikumu, lai iegūtā ekonomija sasniegtu 15 miljonus latu

innovators were committed to introduce many proposals into production, so as to achieve an economy (= saving) of 15 million lats

economy, savings (frugal, effective use of resources, leading to the saving of time or resources; the savings achieved by such an effective use of resources)


anatomija

anatomija (nominative singular)
anatomiju (accusative singular)
anatomijas (genitive singular)
anatomijai (dative singular)
anatomiju (instrumental singular)
anatomijā (locative singular)
anatomija (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin anatomia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀνατομία (anatomía), a word attested only once, in a quotation in a Latin text by Caelius Aurelianus, from ἀνατέμνω (anatémnō, “I cut up”), from ἀνά (aná, “up”) and τέμνω (témnō, “I cut”).

cilvēka, dzīvnieku, augu anatomija

mikroskopiskā, salīdzināmā anatomija

anatomy (science that studies the form and structure of living organisms)

anatomijas kurss

anatomijas atlants

anatomy (the corresponding teaching subject)

vīrieša anatomija

auss, acs anatomija

anatomy (structure of a living organism or organ)


josta

josta (nominative singular)
jostas (nominative plural)
jostu (accusative singular)
jostas (accusative plural)
jostas (genitive singular)
jostu (genitive plural)
jostai (dative singular)
jostām (dative plural)
jostu (instrumental singular)
jostām (instrumental plural)
jostā (locative singular)
jostās (locative plural)
josta (singular vocative)
jostas (plural vocative)

From the same stem found in josla (“zone, strip”), Proto-Indo-European *yeh₃s- (“to girdle”), but with a different suffix (-t(a) instead of -l(a)). Cognates include Lithuanian band, Proto-Slavic *pojasъ (compare Russian пояс (pojas)), Sanskrit रास्ना (rā́snā, “girdle”) (< *yā́s-nā), Ancient Greek ζῶμα (zôma, “loincloth, drawers”) (< *zōsma < *yōs-ma-).

cog

josta ar sprādzi

pīta josta

mēteļa, jakas josta

aizsprādzēt, savilkt jostu

belt (a band worn around the waist, to keep clothes in place, to hold weapons, or serve as decoration)

drošības josta

glābšanas josta

belt (a belt-like strap or band to hold someone in place)

ezera ūdeni apjož smilšu josta

a sand belt surrounded the waters of the lake

(figuratively) belt-like area around something

jostas apvidus

jostas skriemeļi, muskulis, nervi

waist, loins (part of the body between the chest and the hips)


funkcija

funkcija (nominative singular)
funkcijas (nominative plural)
funkciju (accusative singular)
funkcijas (accusative plural)
funkcijas (genitive singular)
funkciju (genitive plural)
funkcijai (dative singular)
funkcijām (dative plural)
funkciju (instrumental singular)
funkcijām (instrumental plural)
funkcijā (locative singular)
funkcijās (locative plural)
funkcija (singular vocative)
funkcijas (plural vocative)


matrica

matrica (nominative singular)
matricas (nominative plural)
matricu (accusative singular)
matricas (accusative plural)
matricas (genitive singular)
matricu (genitive plural)
matricai (dative singular)
matricām (dative plural)
matricu (instrumental singular)
matricām (instrumental plural)
matricā (locative singular)
matricās (locative plural)
matrica (singular vocative)
matricas (plural vocative)


simetrija

simetrija (nominative singular)
simetrijas (nominative plural)
simetriju (accusative singular)
simetrijas (accusative plural)
simetrijas (genitive singular)
simetriju (genitive plural)
simetrijai (dative singular)
simetrijām (dative plural)
simetriju (instrumental singular)
simetrijām (instrumental plural)
simetrijā (locative singular)
simetrijās (locative plural)
simetrija (singular vocative)
simetrijas (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek συμμετρία (summetría).


pusi

accusative/instrumental singular of puse


aortas

inflection of aorta:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


kapela

kapela (nominative singular)
kapelas (nominative plural)
kapelu (accusative singular)
kapelas (accusative plural)
kapelas (genitive singular)
kapelu (genitive plural)
kapelai (dative singular)
kapelām (dative plural)
kapelu (instrumental singular)
kapelām (instrumental plural)
kapelā (locative singular)
kapelās (locative plural)
kapela (singular vocative)
kapelas (plural vocative)


decibels

decibels (nominative singular)
decibeli (nominative plural)
decibelu (accusative singular)
decibelus (accusative plural)
decibela (genitive singular)
decibelu (genitive plural)
decibelam (dative singular)
decibeliem (dative plural)
decibelu (instrumental singular)
decibeliem (instrumental plural)
decibelā (locative singular)
decibelos (locative plural)
decibel (singular vocative)
decibeli (plural vocative)


gaita

gaita (nominative singular)
gaitas (nominative plural)
gaitu (accusative singular)
gaitas (accusative plural)
gaitas (genitive singular)
gaitu (genitive plural)
gaitai (dative singular)
gaitām (dative plural)
gaitu (instrumental singular)
gaitām (instrumental plural)
gaitā (locative singular)
gaitās (locative plural)
gaita (singular vocative)
gaitas (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go, step”), related to the past tense of iet.


utopija

utopija (nominative singular)
utopijas (nominative plural)
utopiju (accusative singular)
utopijas (accusative plural)
utopijas (genitive singular)
utopiju (genitive plural)
utopijai (dative singular)
utopijām (dative plural)
utopiju (instrumental singular)
utopijām (instrumental plural)
utopijā (locative singular)
utopijās (locative plural)
utopija (singular vocative)
utopijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from New Latin Ūtopia, the name of a fictional island, possessing a seemingly perfect socio-politico-legal system in the book Utopia (1516) by Sir Thomas More. Coined from Ancient Greek οὐ (ou, “not, no”) + τόπος (tópos, “place, region”).


sankcija

sankcija (nominative singular)
sankcijas (nominative plural)
sankciju (accusative singular)
sankcijas (accusative plural)
sankcijas (genitive singular)
sankciju (genitive plural)
sankcijai (dative singular)
sankcijām (dative plural)
sankciju (instrumental singular)
sankcijām (instrumental plural)
sankcijā (locative singular)
sankcijās (locative plural)
sankcija (singular vocative)
sankcijas (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Latin sanctiō, from sanctus.

sanction (an approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid)

sanction (a penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body)


mineraloģija

mineraloģija (nominative singular)
mineraloģiju (accusative singular)
mineraloģijas (genitive singular)
mineraloģijai (dative singular)
mineraloģiju (instrumental singular)
mineraloģijā (locative singular)
mineraloģija (singular vocative)


litera

litera (nominative singular)
literas (nominative plural)
literu (accusative singular)
literas (accusative plural)
literas (genitive singular)
literu (genitive plural)
literai (dative singular)
literām (dative plural)
literu (instrumental singular)
literām (instrumental plural)
literā (locative singular)
literās (locative plural)
litera (singular vocative)
literas (plural vocative)


purpurs

purpurs (nominative singular)
purpuru (accusative singular)
purpura (genitive singular)
purpuram (dative singular)
purpuru (instrumental singular)
purpurā (locative singular)
purpur (singular vocative)


fabrika

fabrika (nominative singular)
fabrikas (nominative plural)
fabriku (accusative singular)
fabrikas (accusative plural)
fabrikas (genitive singular)
fabriku (genitive plural)
fabrikai (dative singular)
fabrikām (dative plural)
fabriku (instrumental singular)
fabrikām (instrumental plural)
fabrikā (locative singular)
fabrikās (locative plural)
fabrika (singular vocative)
fabrikas (plural vocative)


jaka

jaka (nominative singular)
jakas (nominative plural)
jaku (accusative singular)
jakas (accusative plural)
jakas (genitive singular)
jaku (genitive plural)
jakai (dative singular)
jakām (dative plural)
jaku (instrumental singular)
jakām (instrumental plural)
jakā (locative singular)
jakās (locative plural)
jaka (singular vocative)
jakas (plural vocative)


patika

patika (nominative singular)
patikas (nominative plural)
patiku (accusative singular)
patikas (accusative plural)
patikas (genitive singular)
patiku (genitive plural)
patikai (dative singular)
patikām (dative plural)
patiku (instrumental singular)
patikām (instrumental plural)
patikā (locative singular)
patikās (locative plural)
patika (singular vocative)
patikas (plural vocative)

Back-formation from patikt (“to like, to enjoy”).


somu

inflection of soms:
accusative/instrumental singular

inflection of soma:
accusative/instrumental singular


interpunkcija

interpunkcija (nominative singular)
interpunkciju (accusative singular)
interpunkcijas (genitive singular)
interpunkcijai (dative singular)
interpunkciju (instrumental singular)
interpunkcijā (locative singular)
interpunkcija (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin interpunctiō, from inter (“between”) and punctiō (“pricking, puncturing”), from the verb pungo (“to prick, to puncture, to sting”).

interpunkcijas sistēma

apgūt interpunkciju

interpunkcijas kļūdas

izvēloties pieturzīmes, jāņem vērā interpunkcijas un citu rakstības zīmju un paņēmienu mijiedarbība

when choosing punctuation marks, one must take into account the interaction of punctuation and other writing symbols and modes

vispirms tulkotājiem pārmetums, ka viņi pārāk brīvi rīkojušies ar interpunkciju

the first criticism of translators is that they treat punctuation too freely

punctuation mark
punctuation mark#English

(orthography) punctuation (the set of punctuation marks in a given language; the use of punctuation marks in a given language)


saule

saule (nominative singular)
saules (nominative plural)
sauli (accusative singular)
saules (accusative plural)
saules (genitive singular)
sauļu (genitive plural)
saulei (dative singular)
saulēm (dative plural)
sauli (instrumental singular)
saulēm (instrumental plural)
saulē (locative singular)
saulēs (locative plural)
saule (singular vocative)
saules (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sáuˀlijāˀ.

inh+

saule spīd

rīta, vakara, vasaras saule

saule lec, riet

saules lēkts, riets

celties līdz ar sauli

saules stari, gaisma, siltums

saules sistēma

saules aptumsums

saules vējš

saules plankumi

saules enerģija

sun (the star at the center of the Solar System, from which light and heat reach the Earth)

sildīties saulē

istabā nav saules

kaktusiem vajadzīgs daudz saules

acis žilbst saulē

atlaisties saulē

sun, sunlight (the light and heat that comes from the sun; area reached by this light and heat)

šajā saulē dzivot

aiziet viņā saulē


asteri

accusative/instrumental singular of astere


kāsu

accusative/instrumental singular of kāss


malas

inflection of mala:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


anekdote

anekdote (nominative singular)
anekdotes (nominative plural)
anekdoti (accusative singular)
anekdotes (accusative plural)
anekdotes (genitive singular)
anekdošu (genitive plural)
anekdotei (dative singular)
anekdotēm (dative plural)
anekdoti (instrumental singular)
anekdotēm (instrumental plural)
anekdotē (locative singular)
anekdotēs (locative plural)
anekdote (singular vocative)
anekdotes (plural vocative)

Ultimately derived from Ancient Greek ἀνέκδοτος (anékdotos).


vārna

vārna (nominative singular)
vārnas (nominative plural)
vārnu (accusative singular)
vārnas (accusative plural)
vārnas (genitive singular)
vārnu (genitive plural)
vārnai (dative singular)
vārnām (dative plural)
vārnu (instrumental singular)
vārnām (instrumental plural)
vārnā (locative singular)
vārnās (locative plural)
vārna (singular vocative)
vārnas (plural vocative)

From an earlier *varna (where the intonation later caused lengthening: ar̄ > āːr), from Proto-Baltic *war- with an extra -nā, from Proto-Indo-European *war-, *wer- (“to burn; to be black”). A parallel masculine counterpart must have existed, from Proto-Baltic *war-no-, *war-nyo-; cf. Lithuanian var̃nas, Old Prussian warnis, Russian во́рон (vóron) (< Proto-Slavic *vronъ). In Latvian, a masculine form vārnis is attested only in folk tales. Cognates include Lithuanian várna, Old Prussian warne, Proto-Slavic *vorna (Old Church Slavonic врана (vrana), Russian, Ukrainian воро́на (voróna), Belarusian варо́на (varóna), Bulgarian вра́на (vrána), Czech vrána, Polish wrona), Tocharian B wrauña.

pelēkā, melnā vārna

vārnu ligzda

vārnu olas

kailajos zaros sakliegdamies nometās uz naktsguļu vārnu bariņš

on the naked branches, a small group of cawing crows came down to sleep

Corvus corone
Corvus corone#Translingual

Corvus cornix
Corvus cornix#Translingual

crow (several species of passerine birds of genus Corvus, esp. Corvus corone and Corvus cornix, with black or grayish black feathers)


asimetrija

asimetrija (nominative singular)
asimetrijas (nominative plural)
asimetriju (accusative singular)
asimetrijas (accusative plural)
asimetrijas (genitive singular)
asimetriju (genitive plural)
asimetrijai (dative singular)
asimetrijām (dative plural)
asimetriju (instrumental singular)
asimetrijām (instrumental plural)
asimetrijā (locative singular)
asimetrijās (locative plural)
asimetrija (singular vocative)
asimetrijas (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἀσυμμετρία (asummetría).


lietuvis

lv-noun

lietuvis m (2nd declension, feminine form: lietuve)

lietuve (feminine)
lietuvis (nominative singular)
lietuvji (nominative plural)
lietuvi (accusative singular)
lietuvjus (accusative plural)
lietuvja (genitive singular)
lietuvju (genitive plural)
lietuvim (dative singular)
lietuvjiem (dative plural)
lietuvi (instrumental singular)
lietuvjiem (instrumental plural)
lietuvī (locative singular)
lietuvjos (locative plural)
lietuvi (singular vocative)
lietuvji (plural vocative)

From Lietuva (“Lithuania”), made into a masculine second-declension noun.

lietuvju valoda

pirmais latvju un lietuvju kongress

(genitive plural): Lithuanian, pertaining to Lithuania and its people


firsts

firsts m (1st declension, feminine form: firstiene)

firstiene (feminine)
firsts (nominative singular)
firsti (nominative plural)
firstu (accusative singular)
firstus (accusative plural)
firsta (genitive singular)
firstu (genitive plural)
firstam (dative singular)
firstiem (dative plural)
firstu (instrumental singular)
firstiem (instrumental plural)
firstā (locative singular)
firstos (locative plural)
first (singular vocative)
firsti (plural vocative)

Hanss-Ādams II, Lihtenšteinas firsts

vīri runā par firstiem un ķēniņiem

the men are talking about princes and kings

prince (nobility title, above archduke and under king; corresponding nobleman)


pavasaris

pavasaris (nominative singular)
pavasari (nominative plural)
pavasari (accusative singular)
pavasarus (accusative plural)
pavasara (genitive singular)
pavasaru (genitive plural)
pavasarim (dative singular)
pavasariem (dative plural)
pavasari (instrumental singular)
pavasariem (instrumental plural)
pavasarī (locative singular)
pavasaros (locative plural)
pavasari (singular vocative)
pavasari (plural vocative)

From pa- + vasara (“summer”), made into a second declension masculine noun (ending -is). Given the inchoative prefix, the original meaning was “beginning of summer” (originally, vasara covered both spring and summer, considered in ancient times to be one season). Cognates include Lithuanian pavãsaris.

agrs, vēls pavasaris

vēss, auksts pavasaris

sauss pavasaris

tuvojas pavasaris

pavasaris sākas, iestājas

pavasaris pienācis

pavasara ekvinokcija

pavasaris aptver to laika posmu, kad gaisa temperatūra paaugstinās virs 0°, bet nav augstāka par 15° C

spring covers the period when the air temperature rises above 0°, but is not higher than 15° C

Northern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere#English

spring (season of the year between winter and summer, from March 21 to June 21 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by increasing temperature and by the blooming of flowers)

pavasara atkusnis

pavasara ūdeņi, pali

pavasara salna

pavasara aršana

pirmie pavasara ziedi

pavasara mēteļi

akadēmijas pavasara izstāde

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) spring, typical of spring, used in spring

dzīves pavasaris

Prāgas pavasaris

the Prague spring (first liberalization period in March of 1968 in the former Czechoslovakia)

es redzu nākam tautu pavasari!

I see the spring (= blooming) of the people coming!

Apjomā J. Alunāna “Dziesmiņas” bija gluži pieticīga burtnīciņa, bet liela tā kļuva nozīmībā: ar to īsti sākās latviešu mākslas dzejas pavasaris

in size, J. Alunāns “Dziesmiņas” (“Little Songs”) was a quite modest little book, but it became big in significance: with it began the spring of Latvian poetic art


lodes

inflection of lode:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


anagramma

anagramma (nominative singular)
anagrammas (nominative plural)
anagrammu (accusative singular)
anagrammas (accusative plural)
anagrammas (genitive singular)
anagrammu (genitive plural)
anagrammai (dative singular)
anagrammām (dative plural)
anagrammu (instrumental singular)
anagrammām (instrumental plural)
anagrammā (locative singular)
anagrammās (locative plural)
anagramma (singular vocative)
anagrammas (plural vocative)


lietvārds

lietvārds (nominative singular)
lietvārdi (nominative plural)
lietvārdu (accusative singular)
lietvārdus (accusative plural)
lietvārda (genitive singular)
lietvārdu (genitive plural)
lietvārdam (dative singular)
lietvārdiem (dative plural)
lietvārdu (instrumental singular)
lietvārdiem (instrumental plural)
lietvārdā (locative singular)
lietvārdos (locative plural)
lietvārd (singular vocative)
lietvārdi (plural vocative)

From lieta (“thing, object”) + vārds (“word”), a calque of German Dingwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as lietu-vārds; after some variation (A. Stērste had lietas vārds in 1879, and also K. Mīlenbahs in 1895), J. Pārstrauts suggested the form lietvārds in 1881, which eventually became accepted as standard in the 1940s.

compound

lietvārds daudzskaitļa formā

lietvārdu celmi

lietvārda dzimte

lietvārda deklinācijas

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


liepa

liepa (nominative singular)
liepas (nominative plural)
liepu (accusative singular)
liepas (accusative plural)
liepas (genitive singular)
liepu (genitive plural)
liepai (dative singular)
liepām (dative plural)
liepu (instrumental singular)
liepām (instrumental plural)
liepā (locative singular)
liepās (locative plural)
liepa (singular vocative)
liepas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *léiˀpāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to glue, to paste”), whence also lipt (“to stick, to adhere”).
Reflexes of the non-diphthongized stem can be seen in place names like Līpes kalns or Lipaiķi. The name probably came from the soft, pleasant leaves of this tree (or perhaps because of its sticky sap). A different name for the linden tree, from Proto-Indo-European *lento-, can be seen in English lind, linden, German Linde, and is reflected in Latvian lieta (“thing”) (q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian líepa, Old Prussian lipe ([liːpe]), *leipe (from place names like Leypein, Leypiten), Proto-Slavic *lipa (Ukrainian, Russian ли́па (lípa), Belarusian лі́па (lípa), Bulgarian липа́ (lipá), Czech lípa, Polish lipa). (There were apparently also Germanic cognates — later replaced by reflexes of *lento- — as in the city name Leipciga, today's Leipzig.)

der

kupla liepa

liepu ziedi

liepu lūki

liepu (ziedu) tēja

Tilia cordata
Tilia cordata#Translingual

linden tree, lime tree (esp. Tilia cordata)


debesis

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of debess


mākonis

mākonis (nominative singular)
mākoņi (nominative plural)
mākoni (accusative singular)
mākoņus (accusative plural)
mākoņa (genitive singular)
mākoņu (genitive plural)
mākonim (dative singular)
mākoņiem (dative plural)
mākoni (instrumental singular)
mākoņiem (instrumental plural)
mākonī (locative singular)
mākoņos (locative plural)
mākoni (singular vocative)
mākoņi (plural vocative)

Either from the verb mākties (“to become cloudy”) (q.v.) or from an earlier, 17th-century adjective mākons (“foggy, cloudy”). In the 18th century, mākonis still meant “(thunder)storm,” “rain cloud,” with debess being used for “cloud.” The present meaning became established in the 19th century.

lietus, negaisa mākonis

splavu, gubu mākoņi

mākoņi sabiezē

debesis bez mākoņiem

mākoņi aizsedz sauli

lidmašīna paceļas virs mākoņiem

(chiefly in the plural) cloud (visible mass of water vapor or droplets suspended in the air)

dūmu mākonis

sacelt putekļu mākonis

(chiefly in the plural) cloud (a cloud-like phenomenon, spreading in the air)


rasu

accusative/instrumental singular of rasa


ābece

ābece (nominative singular)
ābeces (nominative plural)
ābeci (accusative singular)
ābeces (accusative plural)
ābeces (genitive singular)
ābeču (genitive plural)
ābecei (dative singular)
ābecēm (dative plural)
ābeci (instrumental singular)
ābecēm (instrumental plural)
ābecē (locative singular)
ābecēs (locative plural)
ābece (singular vocative)
ābeces (plural vocative)

bilžu ābece

gaiļa ābece

a rooster ABC book (with a rooster on its cover)

mācīties ābeci

primer, ABC book (textbook formerly used to teach the alphabet)


stikls

stikls (nominative singular)
stikli (nominative plural)
stiklu (accusative singular)
stiklus (accusative plural)
stikla (genitive singular)
stiklu (genitive plural)
stiklam (dative singular)
stikliem (dative plural)
stiklu (instrumental singular)
stikliem (instrumental plural)
stiklā (locative singular)
stiklos (locative plural)
stikl (singular vocative)
stikli (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic стькло (stĭklo) (compare Russian стекло́ (stekló)), itself a borrowing from Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌺𐌻𐍃 (stikls, “beaker, chalice, goblet”).

uder

caurspīdīgs, krāsains stikls

ugunsdrošs stikls

rūdītais stikls

stikla rūpniecība

stikla pūtējs

stikla šķiedra

stikla durvis

stikla trauki

(only singular) glass (solid, transparent substance made by melting sand)

briļļu stikli

palielināmais stikls

ielikt logam stiklu

glass (an object made of this material, or something similar)


šokolāde

šokolāde (nominative singular)
šokolādes (nominative plural)
šokolādi (accusative singular)
šokolādes (accusative plural)
šokolādes (genitive singular)
šokolāžu (genitive plural)
šokolādei (dative singular)
šokolādēm (dative plural)
šokolādi (instrumental singular)
šokolādēm (instrumental plural)
šokolādē (locative singular)
šokolādēs (locative plural)
šokolāde (singular vocative)
šokolādes (plural vocative)


sēne

sēne (nominative singular)
sēnes (nominative plural)
sēni (accusative singular)
sēnes (accusative plural)
sēnes (genitive singular)
sēņu (genitive plural)
sēnei (dative singular)
sēnēm (dative plural)
sēni (instrumental singular)
sēnēm (instrumental plural)
sēnē (locative singular)
sēnēs (locative plural)
sēne (singular vocative)
sēnes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Livonian sēņ, or from Estonian seen, already mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.

mikroskopikās sēnes

pelējumu sēnes

raugu sēnes

parazītiskās sēnes

fungus (members of the kingdom Fungi: eukaryotic organisms that have chitin cell walls but not chlorophyll)

ēdamās, neēdamās sēnes

indīgās sēnes

lasīt sēnes

iet sēnēs

sēņu ēdieni

ceptas, marinētas sēnes

sēņu mērce, zupa

mushroom (fleshy fruiting bodies of fungi typically found above ground)


bārda

bārda (nominative singular)
bārdas (nominative plural)
bārdu (accusative singular)
bārdas (accusative plural)
bārdas (genitive singular)
bārdu (genitive plural)
bārdai (dative singular)
bārdām (dative plural)
bārdu (instrumental singular)
bārdām (instrumental plural)
bārdā (locative singular)
bārdās (locative plural)
bārda (singular vocative)
bārdas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bardā́ˀ (with lengthening: *-àr- > -ā̀r-), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”), from the stem *bʰar- (“projecting forward; tip, point; bristle, awn”), which is perhaps a form of *bʰer- (“to cut, to grate, to split, to hit”). Cognates include Lithuanian barzdà (< *barzdā-, a parallel form of *bardā-, with an extra z perhaps because of d:zd phonetic variation), Old Prussian bordus, Proto-Slavic *borda (Old Church Slavonic брада (brada), Russian борода (boroda), Czech brada (“beard, chin”), Polish broda (“beard, chin”)), Proto-Germanic *bardaz (German Bart, English beard), Latin barba (< *farβā) (French barbe, Italian barba).

vaigu bārda

sirma bārda

kupla bārda

skūt bārdu

audzēt bārdu

biezi, melni bārdas rugāji noseguši zodu un vaigus

thick, black beard stubbles covered (his) chin and cheeks

(anatomy) beard (hair that grows on the cheeks and chins)

āža, kazas bārda

bārdas zivs

(of animals) beard (hair, hair-like formation on the lower jaw)


cauna

cauna (nominative singular)
caunas (nominative plural)
caunu (accusative singular)
caunas (accusative plural)
caunas (genitive singular)
caunu (genitive plural)
caunai (dative singular)
caunām (dative plural)
caunu (instrumental singular)
caunām (instrumental plural)
caunā (locative singular)
caunās (locative plural)
cauna (singular vocative)
caunas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *kyau-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱew-, *kew- (“to shine; light; bright”), with an added suffix *-no. Cognates include Lithuanian kiáunė, dialectal kiaunė̃, Old Prussian caune ([kaune]) (compare dialectal Latvian caune), Proto-Slavic *kuna (Russian куни́ца (kuníca), dialectal куна́ (kuná), Czech kuna).

inh

meža cauna

medīt caunas

caunu kažoks

caunu cepure

putni ziemā viegli kļūst par laupījumu vanagam, caunai, sermulim un lapsai

birds in winter easily become prey to hawks, martens, ermines and foxes

marten (several species of mustelids of genus Martes)


kaza

kaza (nominative singular)
kazas (nominative plural)
kazu (accusative singular)
kazas (accusative plural)
kazas (genitive singular)
kazu (genitive plural)
kazai (dative singular)
kazām (dative plural)
kazu (instrumental singular)
kazām (instrumental plural)
kazā (locative singular)
kazās (locative plural)
kaza (singular vocative)
kazas (plural vocative)

Apparently borrowed from Russian коза́ (kozá): note that the words for “male goat” and “female goat” in Latvian are non-cognate (āzis and kaza), unlike other Baltic languages (Lithuanian ožỹs, ožkà; Old Prussian wosux ([vōzuks]), wosee ([vōzē])), which suggests that an earlier Latvian term, perhaps *āze (apparently present in place names like Āzes), was replaced by the borrowed kaza.

mājas kazas

kalnu kazas

kazu vilna

kazas bārda

Capra aegagrus hircus
Capra aegagrus hircus#Translingual

kazu piens

kazu siers

slaukt kazu

(colloquial) unruly, flippant, frivolous girl or woman


vīns

vīns (nominative singular)
vīni (nominative plural)
vīnu (accusative singular)
vīnus (accusative plural)
vīna (genitive singular)
vīnu (genitive plural)
vīnam (dative singular)
vīniem (dative plural)
vīnu (instrumental singular)
vīniem (instrumental plural)
vīnā (locative singular)
vīnos (locative plural)
vīn (singular vocative)
vīni (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German wīn, or from Old Norse vín or Middle Dutch wijn, wiin (cf. German Wein, Swedish vin, Dutch wijn, English wine), or maybe also from Old East Slavic вино (vino), Russian вино́ (vinó), itself a borrowing from Latin vīnum, which is a possible borrowing from an old Mediterranean or Black Sea language. In Latvian, this loanword is old: it is already mentioned in 16th-century writings and 17th-century dictionaries; there is also an apparently related 16th-century family name Vīndedzis.

vīnogu, ķiršu vīns

sarkanais vīns, sarkanvīns

baltais vīns, baltvīns

sausais, saldais vīns

deserta vīns

dzirkstošais vīns

pudele vīna

vīna kauss

vīna glāze

vīna muca

Pie zivju ēdiniem ieteicami baltie galda vīni, pie gaļas - sarkanie sausie vīni, bet pie sakņu ēdieniem - pussaldie.

With fish dishes, white table wines are recommended; with meat - red dry wines, and with vegetable food - semisweet (wines).

wine (alcoholic drink made from berriess or fruit juices)

meža vīns, mežvīns

Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia; lit. forest wine)

Bet Jancis raka nadzīgi irdeno zemi, kur auga vīna stādi.

But Jancis actively dug the soft earth, where wine plants grew.

Ēkas sienas apliktas gaišiem ķieģeļiem, un šur tur pa tām aizstiepjas tumši sārti vīni.

The building walls were made with light bricks, and here and there on them dark pink wines were stretching themselves.

vine (the plant which produces grapes, usually called vīnkoks)


jūra

jūra (nominative singular)
jūras (nominative plural)
jūru (accusative singular)
jūras (accusative plural)
jūras (genitive singular)
jūru (genitive plural)
jūrai (dative singular)
jūrām (dative plural)
jūru (instrumental singular)
jūrām (instrumental plural)
jūrā (locative singular)
jūrās (locative plural)
jūra (singular vocative)
jūras (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-, *ūr- with an added initial y, from *aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”) with a suffix -r. The initial *y may result from metathesis in *awer- (> *h₂wer-, *eur-), or from the influence of some other Proto-Indo-European root like *(e)rey-, *(e)rew- (“to flow”) (metathesized into *ewr-). The original meaning was thus “wet, swampy place” (cf. Lithuanian jáuris (“swamp”) < Proto-Baltic *jaur-), whence “lake” (still attested in old folk tales, and also in borrowings into Finnic: Livonian jõra, Estonian järv, Finnish järvi, Sami jaura, jawre, jávri) and finally “sea.” Cognates include Lithuanian jū́ra, dialectal jūrė, plural jū́ros, jū́rios, jū́rės (cf. Latvian dialectal jūre, jūris, plural jūres), Old Prussian iūrin, *jūren, *jūrʲai, Armenian ջուր (ǰur, “water”), Albanian hurdë (“deep place; pond; swamp”); without the initial *y, also Old Norse úr (“drizzle”), ȳra (“to drizzle”), Latin ūrīnō (“to dive, to plunge into water”), ūrīna (“urine”).

cog

Baltijas jūra

Melnā jūra

jūras krasts, ūdens, vējš

peldēt jūrā

jūras slimība

iziet jūrā

virs, zem jūrās līmeņa

(geography) sea (large body of salty water)

mēness jūra

(astronomy) sea (dark areas on the surface of the Moon or other natural satellites)

ziedu jūra

liesmu jūra

(figuratively) very large quantity or amount (of something)


ezers

ezers (nominative singular)
ezeri (nominative plural)
ezeru (accusative singular)
ezerus (accusative plural)
ezera (genitive singular)
ezeru (genitive plural)
ezeram (dative singular)
ezeriem (dative plural)
ezeru (instrumental singular)
ezeriem (instrumental plural)
ezerā (locative singular)
ezeros (locative plural)
ezers (singular vocative)
ezeri (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *éźera (“lake”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰerom (“lake”), from the stem *eǵʰ- (“border”) (whence also Latvian eža, q.v.). The meaning change, from “border” to “lake,” is probably motivated by the fact that lakes were often used as markers of the border between separate regions. Cognates include Lithuanian ẽžeras, Old Prussian assaran ([azaran]), Sudovian ziro (< *eziro < *ezero), Proto-Slavic *ezero (Old Church Slavonic ѥзєро (jezero), Russian, Ukrainian о́зеро (ózero), Belarusian во́зера (vózjera), Bulgarian е́зеро (ézero), Czech jezero, Polish jezioro.

Sīvera ezers

jūras piekrastes ezers

ieapaļš, izstiepts ezers

šaurs, dziļš ezers

rāms ezers

peldēties, zvejot ezerā

ezeru nogulumi

ezeriem bagāts apvidus

te tumšāks, te gaišāks, te noslēpumaini spulgodams, te kūpēdams miglā, ceļa malā dus ezers

by the road side there lay a lake, here darker, there lighter, here mysteriously reflective, there clouded in fog

lake (large natural body of freshwater surrounded by land)


nulli

accusative/instrumental singular of nulle


brālis

brālis (nominative singular)
brāļi (nominative plural)
brāli (accusative singular)
brāļus (accusative plural)
brāļa (genitive singular)
brāļu (genitive plural)
brālim (dative singular)
brāļiem (dative plural)
brāli (instrumental singular)
brāļiem (instrumental plural)
brālī (locative singular)
brāļos (locative plural)
brāli (singular vocative)
brāļi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *brā́ˀtē, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Cognate with Lithuanian brolis.

brother (son of one parent in relation to their other children)

brother (people who are closely related to each other)


ķēde

ķēde (nominative singular)
ķēdes (nominative plural)
ķēdi (accusative singular)
ķēdes (accusative plural)
ķēdes (genitive singular)
ķēžu (genitive plural)
ķēdei (dative singular)
ķēdēm (dative plural)
ķēdi (instrumental singular)
ķēdēm (instrumental plural)
ķēdē (locative singular)
ķēdēs (locative plural)
ķēde (singular vocative)
ķēdes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German kede, or from Middle Dutch cede (cf. German Kette), themselves borrowings from Latin catena, ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European stem *kat- (“to weave, to braid”). This is an old borrowing, already mentioned in 17th-century sources, sometimes with a prothetic š (šķēde). The current form, without š, officially entered the standard language in the early 20th century.

velosipēda ķēde

pulksteņa ķēde

enkura ķēde

ķēdes posms, loceklis

ķēžu dūriens

piesiet zirgu ķēdē

chain (sequence of interconnected, usually metal, rings or links)

ķēde ar piekariņiem

sudraba ķēde

chain (a chain (1) made of precious metal, to be worn as an ornament)

kāju ķēde

uzbrucēju ķēde

izvērsties ķēdē

row, line of people at a certain distance from each other

apsnigušu virsotņu ķēde

elektriskā ķēde

a series of elements following each other

notikumu ķēde

ķēdes reakcija