zirnis

zirnis (nominative singular)
zirņi (nominative plural)
zirni (accusative singular)
zirņus (accusative plural)
zirņa (genitive singular)
zirņu (genitive plural)
zirnim (dative singular)
zirņiem (dative plural)
zirni (instrumental singular)
zirņiem (instrumental plural)
zirnī (locative singular)
zirņos (locative plural)
zirni (singular vocative)
zirņi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *žírˀnjas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źírˀna, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm. In Eastern Baltic, this word narrowed its meaning from “grain” to only one kind of grain, “pea”.

dārza zirnis

lauka zirnis

sējas zirnis

pea (several plants of the family Fabaceae, especially Pisium sativum)

zirņu pāksts

lobīt zirņus

kaltēt zirņus

pelēkie zirņi ar speķi

zirņu zupa

Pisum sativum
Pisum sativum#Translingual

pea (the grain of these plants, especially Pisum sativum)


sloka

sloka (nominative singular)
slokas (nominative plural)
sloku (accusative singular)
slokas (accusative plural)
slokas (genitive singular)
sloku (genitive plural)
slokai (dative singular)
slokām (dative plural)
sloku (instrumental singular)
slokām (instrumental plural)
slokā (locative singular)
slokās (locative plural)
sloka (singular vocative)
slokas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *slankā-, formed by vowel gradation from Proto-Indo-European *slenk- “to cut, to twist, to wind, to meander; to crawl, to creep”. The original meaning was probably “crawler, creeper”, because of this bird's terrestrial habits and low flight. Cognates include Lithuanian slánka, slankà, slãnkė, Old Prussian slanke (“large woodcock”), Russian слу́ка (slúka), Ukrainian слу́ква (slúkva), Czech sluka, Polish słąka, śląka.

sloku riesta lidojums

sloka dzīvo mitrākos lapu koku un jauktos mežos

the woodcock lives in humid deciduous or mixed forests

naktī pār purvu skrēja purva sloka... atvērtu knābi tā šāvās no vienas malas uz otru, rijot knišļus

at night the swamp woodcock runs all over the swamp... it swings its open beak from side to side, swallowing small flies

Scolopax rusticola
Scolopax rusticola#Translingual

woodcock (several bird species of the genus Scolopax, especially Scolopax rusticola)


nauda

nauda (nominative singular)
naudu (accusative singular)
naudas (genitive singular)
naudai (dative singular)
naudu (instrumental singular)
naudā (locative singular)
nauda (singular vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *naudā-, from Proto-Indo-European *newd-, *nowd- (“to seize, to take for use”), from a stem *new-, *now- (“to make a sudden gesture; to wave, to beckon”) with an extra d. The semantic evolution was presumably “(something) taken for use, for benefit” > “property” (including also animals, cattle) > “money” (compare Latin pecus (“sheep, cattle”), pecūnia (“property, money”)). Cognates include Lithuanian naudà (“benefit, validity, utility; property”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (niutan, “to achieve, to get, to enjoy”), Old English notu, nytt, Old High German nuz (“use, utility”) (German nutzen (“to serve, to use”)), Old Norse naut (“cattle”).

cog

metāla, papīra nauda

naudas maks

sīka nauda, sīknauda

liela nauda

krāt naudu

izdot, tērēt naudu

pelnīt naudu

aizdot, aizņemties naudu

maksāt skaidrā naudā

(iz)mainīt naudu

(ap)mainīt naudu

viltot naudu

spēlēt kārtis uz naudu

naudas sods

naudas ekonomiskās funkcijas

naudas apgrozība

naudas sistēma

preču vērtības naudas izteiksmē

money (specific good used as a generally accepted means of exchange)

biedru nauda

īres nauda

atvaļinājuma nauda

apdrošināšanas nauda

kabatas nauda

dienas nauda

daily allowance, per diem (lit. day money)

slimības nauda

sickness money (i.e., sick pay, money given to sick people)

zieda, ziedu nauda

flower money (= money traditionally donated by guests of a wedding, baptism, or funeral, to the newlyweds, to the newborn, or to the relatives of the deceased)

payment, fees (money given or paid for a purpose)


garu

inflection of gars:
accusative/instrumental singular


lanka

lanka (nominative singular)
lankas (nominative plural)
lanku (accusative singular)
lankas (accusative plural)
lankas (genitive singular)
lanku (genitive plural)
lankai (dative singular)
lankām (dative plural)
lanku (instrumental singular)
lankām (instrumental plural)
lankā (locative singular)
lankās (locative plural)
lanka (singular vocative)
lankas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-, the source of Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”).
Baltic-Slavic cognates include Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”), Proto-Slavic *lǫka.


aste

aste (nominative singular)
astes (nominative plural)
asti (accusative singular)
astes (accusative plural)
astes (genitive singular)
astu (genitive plural)
astei (dative singular)
astēm (dative plural)
asti (instrumental singular)
astēm (instrumental plural)
astē (locative singular)
astēs (locative plural)
aste (singular vocative)
astes (plural vocative)

Originally an e-stem variant of an earlier i/n-stem *astis, from Proto-Baltic *asti- < *aš-sti-. Further, two possible Proto-Indo-European sources have been proposed: (a) *h₂eḱ-sti-, from *h₂eḱ- “sharp, pointy, edgy; stone” (whence also ass “sharp”, q.v.), with the meaning changes being “sharp, pointy (object)” > “stinger” > “tail”; and (b) *h₃ésth₁- (“bone”), in which case the semantic evolution would have been “bone” > “tail bone” > “tail” (cf. Icelandic rōfa (“dog's, cat's tail”) from Old Norse rófa (“bony part of a horse's tail”)). In the (a) case, cognates would include Lithuanian akstìs (“skewer, fish bone”) akštìs (“skewer, fish bone, awn”), Old Church Slavonic осътъ (osŭtŭ, “thorny water plant”), остъ (ostŭ, “awn, stinger, fish bone”), Russian ость (ostʹ), Czech osť, Polish ość, Russian осот (osot, “thorny plant”), Bulgarian о́сът (ósǎt), Czech, Polish oset. In the (b) case, cognates would include Hittite 𒄩𒀸𒋫𒄿, Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi), Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon), Albanian asht, Tocharian B āsta, Latin os (and maybe also costa (“rib”)), and perhaps also all the (a) cognates, which some authors also derive from *h₃ésth₁-.

cog

zirga aste

suņa aste

vilka aste

gaiļa aste

pāva aste

kaķis pa to laiku bija izlavījies no pagalma un, izlējis asti, lēni gāja prom

the cat, meanwhile, had gotten out of the yard and, straightening (his) tail, slowly went away

kas sunim asti cels, ja pats necels

who is going to raise a dog's tail if not for the dog himself

lidmašīnas aste

kleitas aste

komētas aste

garas rindas stāvēja pie kasēm... paša astē iestājās arī tēvs

there were long lines at the cashiers... father joined at the very tail (= end) (of one of the lines)

(of objects) tail (extended part at the end)


neons

neons (nominative singular)
neonu (accusative singular)
neona (genitive singular)
neonam (dative singular)
neonu (instrumental singular)
neonā (locative singular)
neon (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek νέον (néon), neuter of νέος (néos, “new”).

spilgtā neona gaisma

neona caurule

chemical element
chemical element#English

neon (chemical element with atomic number 10, a noble gas, used in special light bulbs for advertising)


varas

inflection of vara:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


lapa

lapa (nominative singular)
lapas (nominative plural)
lapu (accusative singular)
lapas (accusative plural)
lapas (genitive singular)
lapu (genitive plural)
lapai (dative singular)
lapām (dative plural)
lapu (instrumental singular)
lapām (instrumental plural)
lapā (locative singular)
lapās (locative plural)
lapa (singular vocative)
lapas (plural vocative)

lapas plātne

koku lapas

lapu koks

lapu dārzeņi

leafy vegetables (cabbage, spinach, etc.)

papīras lapa

aptaujas lapa

grāmatas lapa

lapas puse, lappuse

vikipēdijas sākumlapa


stepe

stepe (nominative singular)
stepes (nominative plural)
stepi (accusative singular)
stepes (accusative plural)
stepes (genitive singular)
stepju (genitive plural)
stepei (dative singular)
stepēm (dative plural)
stepi (instrumental singular)
stepēm (instrumental plural)
stepē (locative singular)
stepēs (locative plural)
stepe (singular vocative)
stepes (plural vocative)


betons

betons (nominative singular)
betoni (nominative plural)
betonu (accusative singular)
betonus (accusative plural)
betona (genitive singular)
betonu (genitive plural)
betonam (dative singular)
betoniem (dative plural)
betonu (instrumental singular)
betoniem (instrumental plural)
betonā (locative singular)
betonos (locative plural)
beton (singular vocative)
betoni (plural vocative)

(construction) concrete (building material)


miers

miers (nominative singular)
mieri (nominative plural)
mieru (accusative singular)
mierus (accusative plural)
miera (genitive singular)
mieru (genitive plural)
mieram (dative singular)
mieriem (dative plural)
mieru (instrumental singular)
mieriem (instrumental plural)
mierā (locative singular)
mieros (locative plural)
mier (singular vocative)
mieri (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás, from Proto-Indo-European *meyH-ró-s, whence also Latvian mīlēt (“to love”) (q.v.). The meaning changed from “soft, nice” to “calm, peaceful.” A minority opinion considers miers to be a borrowing from Slavic, but several factors (among which the intonation of this word) speak against it.

slimniekam nepieciešams miers

traucēt mājas mieru

būt mierā

miera stāvoklis

miera līgums

miera sarunas

dzīvot mierā un draudzībā

izšķirt konfliktu miera ceļā

to solve a conflict the peace way (= peacefully)

saglabāt mieru virs zemes


karš

karš (nominative singular)
kari (nominative plural)
karu (accusative singular)
karus (accusative plural)
kara (genitive singular)
karu (genitive plural)
karam (dative singular)
kariem (dative plural)
karu (instrumental singular)
kariem (instrumental plural)
karā (locative singular)
karos (locative plural)
karš (singular vocative)
kari (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *karyas, from Proto-Indo-European *koryos, from *ker-. Cognates include Lithuanian kãras, dialectal kãrias, Old Prussian kargis ([karjis], “troops, army”) (misspelled as kragis in the 16th-century text), karyago (“travels”) (i.e., “war path”), Middle Irish cuire (“army; troops”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis), Old Norse herr, German Heer (“army”), Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “leader, commander”) (< *koiros < *koryos).

Pirmais pasaules karš

Otrais pasaules karš

aizstāvēšanās, uzbrukuma karš

agresīvs karš

taisnīgs karš

koloniālais karš

pilsoņu karš

nacionālās atbrīvošanās karš

partizānu karš

krusta karš

karš pret iebrucējiem

ķīmiskais karš

bioloģiskais karš

bakterioloģiskais karš

kodoltermiskais karš

kara kurinātāji, kūrēji

izcēlās karš

kara sākums

pieteikt karu

uzvarēt karu, karā

zaudēt karu, karā

izbeigt karu

doties karā

atgriezties no kara

karš ir tās politikas turpinājums ar varmācības līdzekļiem, kuru piekopa karojošo lielvalstu valdošās šķiras jau ilgi pirms kara

war is the continuation, by means of violence, of policies which were practiced by the ruling classes of the warring countries long before the war

war (organized armed conflict between two or more countries, peoples, ethnic or social groups)

kara bēgli

kara veterāns

kara invalīds

kara stāvoklis

kara darbība

kara gājiens, karagājiens

kara lauks, karalauks

kara gūsteknis

kara noziedznieks

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) war; relating to war

jūras kara flote

kara rūpnīca

kara medicīnas dienests

kara hospitāls, ārsts

kara lidmašīna

kara dienests, karadienests

kara apgabals

kara skola, karaskola

kara akadēmija

kara zinātne

kara māksla, karamāksla

kara noslēpums

kara tribunāls

kara tiesa

kara bāze, osta

kara mūzika

kara klausība, karaklausība

kara kungs

military service
military service#English

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) war, military (relating to the armed forces or to military service)

aukstais karš

ideoloģiskais karš

ekonomiskais karš

jāpiesaka bargs karš pret māņticībām

it is necessary to declare harsh war against superstitions

(figuratively) war (serious conflict, struggle, fight, clash between enemies)

vārdu karš

aizmirsušies nemitīgie mājas kari par jaunām kleitām

they (had) forgotten the persistent domestic wars about new dresses

(figuratively) war (disagreement, dispute, quarrel)


sviests

sviests (nominative singular)
sviesti (nominative plural)
sviestu (accusative singular)
sviestus (accusative plural)
sviesta (genitive singular)
sviestu (genitive plural)
sviestam (dative singular)
sviestiem (dative plural)
sviestu (instrumental singular)
sviestiem (instrumental plural)
sviestā (locative singular)
sviestos (locative plural)
sviest (singular vocative)
sviesti (plural vocative)

Originally the (adjectival) past passive participle of an old verb *sviest (“to smear, to spread”) (cf. Lithuanian svíesti); the original meaning of sviests was thus “(something) smeared (on something else), (something) used for smearing”; cf. Russian ма́сло (máslo, “butter, oil”) and ма́зать (mázatʹ, “to smear, spread (oil)”), or Latin unguen (“fat, grease”) and unguō (“to smear, to anoint”). The verb *sviest would in turn come from *sviesti, from Proto-Baltic *swied-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd- (“to shine”) (whence also Latvian svīst (“to sweat; to steam; to dawn”) q.v.); its original meaning would have been “to make something shine” > “to smear with oil, so that it shines” > “to smear” (cf. its descendant svaidīt (“to anoint”), originally the iterative form of *sviest). Cognates include Lithuanian svíestas.
Alternatively, Pokorny (Indogermanisches Etymologisches
Wörterbuch, p. 1043) considers this word and Lithuanian svíesti from Proto-Indo-European *kswéyd- (“milk”) (cf. Middle Indo-Aryan kṣvira, Avestan xšvīd).

cog

krējuma sviests

skābkrējuma sviests

sūkalu sviests

svaigs sviests

nesalīts sviests

kausēts sviests

sviesta trauks

sautēt saknes sviestā

sviesta rūpniecība

kult sviestu

gaiteņa pustumsā viņai skrēja pretī sviestā ceptu pankūku smarža

in the darkness of the corridor the smell of pancakes fried in butter came (lit. ran) to her

butter (a dairy product, obtained from cream, with a high fat concentration)

sviesta cepumi

sviesta mīklu gatavo no sviesta, cukura, kviešu miltiem, nedaudz pievienojot olas

butter dough is made from butter, sugar, (and) wheat flour, adding a little egg (= one or two eggs)

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) butter; containing butter, made with butter

butter, spread (any food paste generally used as spread)

(slang) nonsense; something that is bizarre

saiet sviestā

to deteriorate; to fail (lit. to go into butter)

(slang) something that has poor quality, is not successful


stara

stara (nominative singular)
staras (nominative plural)
staru (accusative singular)
staras (accusative plural)
staras (genitive singular)
staru (genitive plural)
starai (dative singular)
starām (dative plural)
staru (instrumental singular)
starām (instrumental plural)
starā (locative singular)
starās (locative plural)
stara (singular vocative)
staras (plural vocative)

Šo džinsu kreisajā starā ir caurums.


policija

policija (nominative singular)
policiju (accusative singular)
policijas (genitive singular)
policijai (dative singular)
policiju (instrumental singular)
policijā (locative singular)
policija (singular vocative)

policijas iecirknis

dienēt policijā

policijas priekšnieks

drošības policija

politiskā policija

kriminālā policija, kriminālpolicija

slepenā policija, slepenpolicija

policijas stunda

Ieradās policija.

(collective) police (people who work in this security organ)

ierasties policijā

Viņš mani pavadīja uz policiju.

police station (building where the police works)


salu

accusative/instrumental singular of sals

inflection of sala:
accusative/instrumental singular


mīla

mīla (nominative singular)
mīlu (accusative singular)
mīlas (genitive singular)
mīlai (dative singular)
mīlu (instrumental singular)
mīlā (locative singular)
mīla (singular vocative)

A nominalized form of mīls, a dialectal variant of mīļš. Originally also dialectal, mīla is first mentioned in the written language in the 18th century (1786), and introduced by Rainis in the literary language in the 19th century (1888).

mīlas jūtas

pirmā mīlā

mīlas dzeja, dziesma, vārdi

love (positive romantic feeling for a specific person)

dzimtenes mīla

love (positive feeling for a group, people, institution, idea, etc.)


orgasms

orgasms (nominative singular)
orgasmi (nominative plural)
orgasmu (accusative singular)
orgasmus (accusative plural)
orgasma (genitive singular)
orgasmu (genitive plural)
orgasmam (dative singular)
orgasmiem (dative plural)
orgasmu (instrumental singular)
orgasmiem (instrumental plural)
orgasmā (locative singular)
orgasmos (locative plural)
orgasm (singular vocative)
orgasmi (plural vocative)


veste

veste (nominative singular)
vestes (nominative plural)
vesti (accusative singular)
vestes (accusative plural)
vestes (genitive singular)
vestu (genitive plural)
vestei (dative singular)
vestēm (dative plural)
vesti (instrumental singular)
vestēm (instrumental plural)
vestē (locative singular)
vestēs (locative plural)
veste (singular vocative)
vestes (plural vocative)


salmi

salmi (nominative plural)
salmus (accusative plural)
salmu (genitive plural)
salmiem (dative plural)
salmiem (instrumental plural)
salmos (locative plural)
salmi (plural vocative)


melone

melone (nominative singular)
melones (nominative plural)
meloni (accusative singular)
melones (accusative plural)
melones (genitive singular)
meloņu (genitive plural)
melonei (dative singular)
melonēm (dative plural)
meloni (instrumental singular)
melonēm (instrumental plural)
melonē (locative singular)
melonēs (locative plural)
melone (singular vocative)
melones (plural vocative)


colla

colla (nominative singular)
collas (nominative plural)
collu (accusative singular)
collas (accusative plural)
collas (genitive singular)
collu (genitive plural)
collai (dative singular)
collām (dative plural)
collu (instrumental singular)
collām (instrumental plural)
collā (locative singular)
collās (locative plural)
colla (singular vocative)
collas (plural vocative)


grams

lv-noun

grams m (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


vesti

accusative/instrumental singular of veste


ministre

ministre f (5th declension, masculine form: ministrs)

ministrs (masculine)
ministre (nominative singular)
ministres (nominative plural)
ministri (accusative singular)
ministres (accusative plural)
ministres (genitive singular)
ministru (genitive plural)
ministrei (dative singular)
ministrēm (dative plural)
ministri (instrumental singular)
ministrēm (instrumental plural)
ministrē (locative singular)
ministrēs (locative plural)
ministre (singular vocative)
ministres (plural vocative)

From ministrs (“minister”) + -e (“fem.”).

Latvijas veselības ministre Baiba Rozentāle

(female) minister (government official who runs a government ministry)


mele

mele f (5th declension, masculine form: melis)

melis (masculine)
mele (nominative singular)
meles (nominative plural)
meli (accusative singular)
meles (accusative plural)
meles (genitive singular)
meļu (genitive plural)
melei (dative singular)
melēm (dative plural)
meli (instrumental singular)
melēm (instrumental plural)
melē (locative singular)
melēs (locative plural)
mele (singular vocative)
meles (plural vocative)

nekaunīga mele

(female) liar, deceiver (someone who is tells lies, who deceives others)


milti

milti (nominative plural)
miltus (accusative plural)
miltu (genitive plural)
miltiem (dative plural)
miltiem (instrumental plural)
miltos (locative plural)
milti (plural vocative)

Originally from the past participle *milts, plural *milti, of an unattested verb *milt (“to crumble; to grind”), from Proto-Baltic *mil-, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥-, the reduced grade of *mel- (whence also Latvian malt “to grind” (q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian mìltai, Old Prussian miltan.

graudu milti

kviešu, rudzu milti

rupji, smalki milti

bīdelētie milti

miltu putra

miltu omlete

miltu ērce, kode

“lai Arturs aiziet uz veikalu un atnes maizei miltus”, tēvs īsi sacīja

“let Arthur go to the shop and bring flour for the bread”, father said succinctly

vienu dienu uz pavasara pusi Vilis atved divus maisus miltu

one day, when it was still spring, Vilis brought two sacks of flour

flour (powdery foodstuff obtained by grinding cereal grains)

kaļķakmens milti

kartupeļu milti

zivju milti

siena, skuju milti

koksnes, koka milti

koka miltus iegūst no lapkoku un skujkoku koksnes

wood flour is obtained from deciduous and conifer wood (= trees)

flour (powdery substance obtained by grinding raw materials with special instruments)


distances

inflection of distance:
genitive singular

inflection of distance:
nominative/accusative plural


pannu

inflection of panna:
accusative/instrumental singular


krejotava

krejotava (nominative singular)
krejotavas (nominative plural)
krejotavu (accusative singular)
krejotavas (accusative plural)
krejotavas (genitive singular)
krejotavu (genitive plural)
krejotavai (dative singular)
krejotavām (dative plural)
krejotavu (instrumental singular)
krejotavām (instrumental plural)
krejotavā (locative singular)
krejotavās (locative plural)
krejotava (singular vocative)
krejotavas (plural vocative)


mīlestība

mīlestība (nominative singular)
mīlestību (accusative singular)
mīlestības (genitive singular)
mīlestībai (dative singular)
mīlestību (instrumental singular)
mīlestībā (locative singular)
mīlestība (singular vocative)

From an earlier unattested adjective *mīlests (compare mielasts (“banquet, feast”), also Russian ми́лость (mílostʹ, “compassion, mercy, grace”)) + -ība, maybe following the example of mīlība (“tenderness, sweetness”).

cog

pirmā mīlestība

atzīšanās mīlestībā

platoniskā mīlestība

mīlestības vārdi, vēstule

mātes, vecāku mīlestība

dzimtenes mīlestība

dabas, dzīvnieku mīlestība

love (positive non-romantic feeling for someone or something, devotion)

mīlestība uz teātri

darba, kārtības mīlestība

mākslas mīlestība

mīlestība pret literatūru


soms

lv-noun

soms m (1st declension, feminine form: somiete)

somiete (feminine)
soms (nominative singular)
somi (nominative plural)
somu (accusative singular)
somus (accusative plural)
soma (genitive singular)
somu (genitive plural)
somam (dative singular)
somiem (dative plural)
somu (instrumental singular)
somiem (instrumental plural)
somā (locative singular)
somos (locative plural)
som (singular vocative)
somi (plural vocative)

tikties ar somiem

somu valoda

somu literatūra

somu arhitektūra

somu pirts

somu duncis

Finnish dagger (with short, thick blade)

(genitive plural) Finnish, pertaining to Finland and its people


lūpa

lūpa (nominative singular)
lūpas (nominative plural)
lūpu (accusative singular)
lūpas (accusative plural)
lūpas (genitive singular)
lūpu (genitive plural)
lūpai (dative singular)
lūpām (dative plural)
lūpu (instrumental singular)
lūpām (instrumental plural)
lūpā (locative singular)
lūpās (locative plural)
lūpa (singular vocative)
lūpas (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verbs lupt (“to peel, to come off”), lupināt (“to peel (tr.)”): Proto-Baltic *lūp-, *lup-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp-, *lūp-, *lup- (“to pare, to peel, to break off”). The meaning evolved from “peeled off; puckered” to “puckered lips” and then simly “lips.” Cognates include Lithuanian lū́pa, Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”).

cog

pilnīgas, plānas lūpas

augšējā lūpa

apakšējā lūpa

lūpu krāsa, lūpu pomāde

ar smaidu uz lūpām

iekost lūpā

kaunuma lūpas

zaķa lūpa


armija

armija (nominative singular)
armijas (nominative plural)
armiju (accusative singular)
armijas (accusative plural)
armijas (genitive singular)
armiju (genitive plural)
armijai (dative singular)
armijām (dative plural)
armiju (instrumental singular)
armijām (instrumental plural)
armijā (locative singular)
armijās (locative plural)
armija (singular vocative)
armijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from French armée (adapted to Latvian patterns: + -ija), from Middle French armee, ultimately a borrowing through Anglo-Norman of Medieval Latin armāta (“armed force”), the neuter plural form of the past participle of Latin armō (“to arm”), from arma (“arms, weapons”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”).

aiziet armijā

iesaukt armijā

dienēt armijā

atbrīvotāja armija

armijas disciplīna

armijas formas tērps

demobilizēties no armijas

aktīvā armija

karam uznākot, jaunākais brālis iestājās armijā

when war broke out, the younger brother joined the armed forces

a country's armed forces (army, navy, and air force)

Latvijas Armija

armija un flote

slavens ir tas kauju ceļš, ko savas pastāvēšanas gados nogājusi Padomju Armija

famous is the battle path that the Soviet Army followed in the years of its existence

army (branch of the armed forces that operates on dry land)

tanku armija

armijas komandieris

armijas štābs

astotā armija bija jau novembrī ieņēmusi visas galvenās Karpatu pārejas

by november, the Eighth Army had already taken all the main Carpathian passages

army (a large tactical contingent consisting, e.g., of several divisions)

šī milzīgā bezdarba armija

blakus celtnieku armijai ar labu vārdu pieminam arī arhitektus

along with the army of builders, we also give a favorable mention to the architects

(figuratively) army (a large group of people with a common goal, a common feature)


papaija

papaija (nominative singular)
papaijas (nominative plural)
papaiju (accusative singular)
papaijas (accusative plural)
papaijas (genitive singular)
papaiju (genitive plural)
papaijai (dative singular)
papaijām (dative plural)
papaiju (instrumental singular)
papaijām (instrumental plural)
papaijā (locative singular)
papaijās (locative plural)
papaija (singular vocative)
papaijas (plural vocative)


olu

inflection of ola:
accusative/instrumental singular


kandela

kandela (nominative singular)
kandelas (nominative plural)
kandelu (accusative singular)
kandelas (accusative plural)
kandelas (genitive singular)
kandelu (genitive plural)
kandelai (dative singular)
kandelām (dative plural)
kandelu (instrumental singular)
kandelām (instrumental plural)
kandelā (locative singular)
kandelās (locative plural)
kandela (singular vocative)
kandelas (plural vocative)


gals

gals (nominative singular)
gali (nominative plural)
galu (accusative singular)
galus (accusative plural)
gala (genitive singular)
galu (genitive plural)
galam (dative singular)
galiem (dative plural)
galu (instrumental singular)
galiem (instrumental plural)
galā (locative singular)
galos (locative plural)
gal (singular vocative)
gali (plural vocative)

Possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic *galas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (ablauted to *gʷol-).
Cognates: Lithuanian gãlas (“id.”), Old Prussian gallan (acc.), golis (“death”), Old Norse kveld (“evening, end of the day”), etc.
Semantic development:
#"to stab" > "to kill" > "death", from here the verbs galēt (“to slay”), galināt, nogalināt (“to kill”), the same development in Proto-West Germanic *kwalm also from *gʷol-
#"to stab" > "a sharp point, tip, end."

darīt sev galu


bites

inflection of bite (“bee”):
genitive singular

inflection of bite (“bee”):
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


anglis

lv-noun

anglis m (2nd declension, feminine form: angliete)

angliete (feminine)
anglis (nominative singular)
angļi (nominative plural)
angli (accusative singular)
angļus (accusative plural)
angļa (genitive singular)
angļu (genitive plural)
anglim (dative singular)
angļiem (dative plural)
angli (instrumental singular)
angļiem (instrumental plural)
anglī (locative singular)
angļos (locative plural)
angli (singular vocative)
angļi (plural vocative)

Ultimately (like the word English itself) from Angles, the name of an old Germanic tribe.

angļu valoda

angļu teātris

(genitive plural): English; pertaining to England and its people

(loosely) a citizen of the United Kingdom; (in the genitive plural) relating to the United Kingdom or its citizens

(historical, in the plural) the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes that invaded England in the 5th century


banknote

banknote (nominative singular)
banknotes (nominative plural)
banknoti (accusative singular)
banknotes (accusative plural)
banknotes (genitive singular)
banknošu (genitive plural)
banknotei (dative singular)
banknotēm (dative plural)
banknoti (instrumental singular)
banknotēm (instrumental plural)
banknotē (locative singular)
banknotēs (locative plural)
banknote (singular vocative)
banknotes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian banconota (“banknote”), probably via another language (cf. German Banknote, Russian банкно́т (banknót), банкно́та (banknóta)).

desmit latu banknote

banknošu apmaiņa

banknošu nodrošinājums

banknote, bill (piece of paper currency, printed by a (central) bank)


sulu

inflection of sula:
accusative/instrumental singular


kaka

kaka (nominative singular)
kakas (nominative plural)
kaku (accusative singular)
kakas (accusative plural)
kakas (genitive singular)
kaku (genitive plural)
kakai (dative singular)
kakām (dative plural)
kaku (instrumental singular)
kakām (instrumental plural)
kakā (locative singular)
kakās (locative plural)
kaka (singular vocative)
kakas (plural vocative)


zebras

inflection of zebra:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


puru

(dialectal) instrumental singular of purs


leopards

leopards (nominative singular)
leopardi (nominative plural)
leopardu (accusative singular)
leopardus (accusative plural)
leoparda (genitive singular)
leopardu (genitive plural)
leopardam (dative singular)
leopardiem (dative plural)
leopardu (instrumental singular)
leopardiem (instrumental plural)
leopardā (locative singular)
leopardos (locative plural)
leopard (singular vocative)
leopardi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin leopardus, from Ancient Greek λεόπαρδος (leópardos), from λέων (léōn, “lion”) and πάρδος (párdos, “panther”).

leoparda āda

tīģeri, lūši, leopardi un citi kaķu dzimtas plēsoņas dzīvo līdz 25 gadiem

tigers, lynxes, leopards and other feline predators live up to 25 years

Panthera pardus
Panthera pardus#Translingual

leopard (large spotted wild cat, Panthera pardus)


sekunde

sekunde (nominative singular)
sekundes (nominative plural)
sekundi (accusative singular)
sekundes (accusative plural)
sekundes (genitive singular)
sekunžu (genitive plural)
sekundei (dative singular)
sekundēm (dative plural)
sekundi (instrumental singular)
sekundēm (instrumental plural)
sekundē (locative singular)
sekundēs (locative plural)
sekunde (singular vocative)
sekundes (plural vocative)

From Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta (“second diminished part (of the hour)”).

minūtei ir sešdesmit sekundes

tas ilga dažas sekundes

šis indikators mirgo reizi sekundē

second (SI unit of time, 1/60 of a minute)

šī leņķa lielums ir viena sekunde

the size of this angle is one second (of arc)

second of arc (unit of angular measurement, 1/60 of a minute of arc)


avokado

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Spanish aguacate, itself a borrowing from Nahuatl āhuacatl. In Europe, the term was also influenced by confusion with Spanish abogado (“lawyer”).

avokado ir lauru dzimtas augs

the avocado is a plant of the family Lauraceae

Persea americana
Persea americana#Translingual

avokado satur daudz tiamīnu (B1), riboflavīnu (B2) un A vitamīnu

the avocado contains a lot of vitamin B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin) and A

avocado fruit (the large, yellowish-green, pulpy fruit of the avocado tree)


hā

Latin script
Appendix:Latin script#English

The Latvian name of the Latin script letter H/h.


amulets

amulets (nominative singular)
amuleti (nominative plural)
amuletu (accusative singular)
amuletus (accusative plural)
amuleta (genitive singular)
amuletu (genitive plural)
amuletam (dative singular)
amuletiem (dative plural)
amuletu (instrumental singular)
amuletiem (instrumental plural)
amuletā (locative singular)
amuletos (locative plural)
amulet (singular vocative)
amuleti (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin amulētum.


imports

imports (nominative singular)
importi (nominative plural)
importu (accusative singular)
importus (accusative plural)
importa (genitive singular)
importu (genitive plural)
importam (dative singular)
importiem (dative plural)
importu (instrumental singular)
importiem (instrumental plural)
importā (locative singular)
importos (locative plural)
import (singular vocative)
importi (plural vocative)


risks

risks (nominative singular)
riski (nominative plural)
risku (accusative singular)
riskus (accusative plural)
riska (genitive singular)
risku (genitive plural)
riskam (dative singular)
riskiem (dative plural)
risku (instrumental singular)
riskiem (instrumental plural)
riskā (locative singular)
riskos (locative plural)
risk (singular vocative)
riski (plural vocative)

ņemt riskus

gājējiem jāraugās, tur ir risks gadījumu ceļā

the pedestrians must be careful, there is a risk of accidents on the road

sargāt pret risku uguns


idiots

idiots m (1st declension, feminine form: idiote)

idiote (feminine)
idiots (nominative singular)
idioti (nominative plural)
idiotu (accusative singular)
idiotus (accusative plural)
idiota (genitive singular)
idiotu (genitive plural)
idiotam (dative singular)
idiotiem (dative plural)
idiotu (instrumental singular)
idiotiem (instrumental plural)
idiotā (locative singular)
idiotos (locative plural)
idiot (singular vocative)
idioti (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἰδιώτης (idiṓtēs, “a private citizen, one who has no professional knowledge, layman”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private”); ἰδιώτης (idiṓtēs) was used derisively in ancient Athens to refer to one who declined to take part in public life.

uder

idiots kopš bernības

(male) idiot (person with extremely serious problems in their mental development)

Jānis nosauca viņu par idiotu un pēc tam divas dienas nerunāja ne vārda

Jānis called him an idiot and after that didn't say a word for two days

es, protams, biju idiots; man nevajadzēja šurp braukt!

I, of course, was an idiot; I shouldn't have come here!


stabs

stabs (nominative singular)
stabi (nominative plural)
stabu (accusative singular)
stabus (accusative plural)
staba (genitive singular)
stabu (genitive plural)
stabam (dative singular)
stabiem (dative plural)
stabu (instrumental singular)
stabiem (instrumental plural)
stabā (locative singular)
stabos (locative plural)
stab (singular vocative)
stabi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *steb-, *stab- (with -as), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stabas, from, from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“post, pole, (tree) trunk; to support, to hold, to pound, to tread”).
Cognates include Lithuanian stãbas (“idol, statue; pole; shape; paralysis; surrouding; respite, breathing space”), Old Prussian stabis (“rock, stone”), stabni (“oven”) (< *stabinē), Old Church Slavonic стоборъ (stoborŭ, “column”), Bulgarian стобо́р (stobór, “wooden fence”), Slovene stebér (“pole, idol”), Old Norse stafr (“stick, rod, support”), Old High German stab, Middle Low German staf, German Stab (“stick, rod, club”), English staff, Sanskrit स्तभ्नाति (stabhnā́ti, “to support, to strengthen”), Ancient Greek στέμβω (stémbō, “to pound, to shake continuously”).

cog

sētas stabi

telefona stabi

elektrības stabi

vārtu stabi nolūzuši

reklāmu stabs

kauna stabs

viņš stāv kā stabs

he, it stands as a pillar (tall, immobile)

pole, post, pillar (vertically placed long, thin, cylindrical object to keep something in place)

putekļu stabs

dūmu stabs

uguns stabs

saules stabs

sun pillar (optical phenomenon at sunset)

(figuratively) column, pillar (a volatile substance rising upright in the air)

dzīvsudraba staba (= stabiņa) milimetrs

millimeter of mercury (lit. mercury column millimeter)

dzīvsudraba stabu barometra caurulē līdzsvaro atmosfēras spiediens

the atmospheric pressure balances, is equivalent to the column of mercury in the tube of the barometer

column (part of a thermometer or barometer: a thin tube filled with a liquid substance, usually mercury)


obelisks

obelisks (nominative singular)
obeliski (nominative plural)
obelisku (accusative singular)
obeliskus (accusative plural)
obeliska (genitive singular)
obelisku (genitive plural)
obeliskam (dative singular)
obeliskiem (dative plural)
obelisku (instrumental singular)
obeliskiem (instrumental plural)
obeliskā (locative singular)
obeliskos (locative plural)
obelisk (singular vocative)
obeliski (plural vocative)


bailes

bailes (nominative plural)
bailes (accusative plural)
baiļu (genitive plural)
bailēm (dative plural)
bailēm (instrumental plural)
bailēs (locative plural)
bailes (plural vocative)

Originally the plural form of a no longer used singular term baile, from the same stem as baidīt “to scare” (q.v.): Proto-Baltic *bai with an extra -l, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoy-, the o grade of *bʰey- “to hit.” Cognates include Lithuanian bailùs (“afraid”), Sanskrit भीरु (bhīrú-, “afraid”).

aklas, paniskas bailes

bailes no tumsas

viņu sagrābj bailes

izraisīt bailes

sastingt, iekliegties bailēs

dzīvot vienās bailēs

drebēt, nobālēt aiz bailēm

nāk atkal eksāmenu laiks... nāk uztraukums un bailes līdzi

exam time is coming again... (and) nervousness and fear are coming along

fear (mental state of agitation and confusion, caused by danger or misfortune)

bailes lūgt padomu

meitenēm ir bailes nākt pie viesiem

the girls are afraid (= shy) of coming to the guests

fear, shame (feeling of discomfort or shame)

bailes par bērna veselību

bailes par bērniem

bailes par savu veselību

fear for one's health, worries about one's health

viņam ir bailes, ka viņu neizsmej

he has fear (= is afraid) that they would mock him

man visu laiku bija bailes par zirgiem

I had worries all the time about the horses

viņam bija drusku bailes par to, kāda izvērtīsies sastapšanās ar meiteni

he had some fear (= was a little afraid) of how the meeting with the girl would turn out

fear, anxiety, worry (about something, someone)


brilles

brilles (nominative plural)
brilles (accusative plural)
briļļu (genitive plural)
brillēm (dative plural)
brillēm (instrumental plural)
brillēs (locative plural)
brilles (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Brille (probably from Middle Low German), ultimately from beryllium (< Ancient Greek βήρυλλος (bḗrullos)), the material from which the first modern glasses were made.

brilles ietvars

uzlikt, valkāt brilles

glasses, eyeglasses, spectacles (sight-correcting glasses mounted on a frame)

motociklista brilles

eye protective device similar in shape to spectacles


vabole

vabole (nominative singular)
vaboles (nominative plural)
vaboli (accusative singular)
vaboles (accusative plural)
vaboles (genitive singular)
vaboļu (genitive plural)
vabolei (dative singular)
vabolēm (dative plural)
vaboli (instrumental singular)
vabolēm (instrumental plural)
vabolē (locative singular)
vabolēs (locative plural)
vabole (singular vocative)
vaboles (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *web-, from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to move here and there, to wave, to teem”). Cognates include Lithuanian vãbalas, vãbuolas (“insect”), vãbolė, vabolė̃ (“dung beetle”), Russian dialectal ве́блица (véblica, “intestinal worm”), Old High German wibil, Old Saxon *wivil (“beetle”), English weevil (“beetle sp.”).

der

gaļēdājas, visēdājas vaboles

brūnā vabole

dārzu vabole

biešu vabole

beetle (any of many insect species (order: Coleoptera) with two hard, shell-like front wings which cover and protect a pair of rear wings)


brille

nominative singular of brilles (rarely used)


cenas

inflection of cena:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


dejas

inflection of deja:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


domes

inflection of dome:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


domas

inflection of doma:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


doma

doma (nominative singular)
domas (nominative plural)
domu (accusative singular)
domas (accusative plural)
domas (genitive singular)
domu (genitive plural)
domai (dative singular)
domām (dative plural)
domu (instrumental singular)
domām (instrumental plural)
domā (locative singular)
domās (locative plural)
doma (singular vocative)
domas (plural vocative)

sakopot domas

sabiedriskā doma

pēc manām domām

domu apmaiņa


bads

bads (nominative singular)
badu (accusative singular)
bada (genitive singular)
badam (dative singular)
badu (instrumental singular)
badā (locative singular)
bad (singular vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *bádīˀtei (“to pierce, stab”), from the o-grade *bʰodʰ- of Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂- (“to dig; to pierce”) (whence also bēda). The original meaning was probably “that which stings (one's body),” from which “hunger”; cf. related Sanskrit बाधः (bādhaḥ, “difficulty, obstacle”). Cognates include dialectal Lithuanian bãdas.

cog

mērdēt badā

ciest badu

mirt badu, badā

novārgt aiz bada

bada nāve

bada cietējs, badacietējs

bada streiks

meža zvēriem trūka barības... ceļu malās bieži atrada badā nobeigušos meža dzīvniekus

the forest animals lacked food... one could often see on the sides of trails forest animals dead from starvation

pēc kāda laika izcēlās tanī pašā zemē liels bads... rudzu vairs nebija nevienam ne graudiņa

after some time a great famine broke out in this same land... there was not even a grain of rye left

hunger, starvation, famine (a lack of sufficient food, especially for a long time; the accompanying feeling)

skābekļa bads

miega bads

grāmatu bads

audi un orgāni cukurslimniekam ir cukura badā

the tissues and organs of diabetics are deprived of sugar (lit. in sugar deprivation)

(figuratively) a lack of something perceived as important, essential; dearth, deprivation


deltas

inflection of delta:
nominative/accusative plural


cements

cements (nominative singular)
cementi (nominative plural)
cementu (accusative singular)
cementus (accusative plural)
cementa (genitive singular)
cementu (genitive plural)
cementam (dative singular)
cementiem (dative plural)
cementu (instrumental singular)
cementiem (instrumental plural)
cementā (locative singular)
cementos (locative plural)
cement (singular vocative)
cementi (plural vocative)


pilots

lv-noun

pilots m (1st declension, feminine form: pilote)

pilote (feminine)
pilots (nominative singular)
piloti (nominative plural)
pilotu (accusative singular)
pilotus (accusative plural)
pilota (genitive singular)
pilotu (genitive plural)
pilotam (dative singular)
pilotiem (dative plural)
pilotu (instrumental singular)
pilotiem (instrumental plural)
pilotā (locative singular)
pilotos (locative plural)
pilot (singular vocative)
piloti (plural vocative)


hamburgers

hamburgers (nominative singular)
hamburgeri (nominative plural)
hamburgeru (accusative singular)
hamburgerus (accusative plural)
hamburgera (genitive singular)
hamburgeru (genitive plural)
hamburgeram (dative singular)
hamburgeriem (dative plural)
hamburgeru (instrumental singular)
hamburgeriem (instrumental plural)
hamburgerā (locative singular)
hamburgeros (locative plural)
hamburger (singular vocative)
hamburgeri (plural vocative)


sols

sols (nominative singular)
soli (nominative plural)
solu (accusative singular)
solus (accusative plural)
sola (genitive singular)
solu (genitive plural)
solam (dative singular)
soliem (dative plural)
solu (instrumental singular)
soliem (instrumental plural)
solā (locative singular)
solos (locative plural)
sol (singular vocative)
soli (plural vocative)


pods

pods (nominative singular)
podi (nominative plural)
podu (accusative singular)
podus (accusative plural)
poda (genitive singular)
podu (genitive plural)
podam (dative singular)
podiem (dative plural)
podu (instrumental singular)
podiem (instrumental plural)
podā (locative singular)
podos (locative plural)
pod (singular vocative)
podi (plural vocative)


gads

gads (nominative singular)
gadi (nominative plural)
gadu (accusative singular)
gadus (accusative plural)
gada (genitive singular)
gadu (genitive plural)
gadam (dative singular)
gadiem (dative plural)
gadu (instrumental singular)
gadiem (instrumental plural)
gadā (locative singular)
gados (locative plural)
gads (singular vocative)
gadi (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰodʰ-, o-grade of *gʰedʰ- (“to unify, to match”) (whence also gadīties, q.v.). The semantic evolution of the term probably went from “matching, appropriate” > “appropriate, determined, specific time (period)” > “(church) holiday” > “sequence of church holidays in a year” > “year”. Since this evolution parallels that of Russian год (god), there may also have been Russian influence on the meaning changes of Latvian gads. Cognates include Latgalian gods, Lithuanian gadýnė (“time, period”) (< Belarusian гадзі́на (hadzína)), Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ, “suitable time, holiday, year”), Russian, Belarusian год (god, “year”), Upper Sorbian hod, hody (“winter holidays”), Czech hod (“church holiday”), Polish gody (“wedding feast, wedding”), Serbo-Croatian gȏd (“name day, important holiday”).


apses

inflection of apse:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


brads

brads (nominative singular)
bradi (nominative plural)
bradu (accusative singular)
bradus (accusative plural)
brada (genitive singular)
bradu (genitive plural)
bradam (dative singular)
bradiem (dative plural)
bradu (instrumental singular)
bradiem (instrumental plural)
bradā (locative singular)
brados (locative plural)
brad (singular vocative)
bradi (plural vocative)

(dialectal) ford; alternative form of brasls


strops

strops (nominative singular)
stropi (nominative plural)
stropu (accusative singular)
stropus (accusative plural)
stropa (genitive singular)
stropu (genitive plural)
stropam (dative singular)
stropiem (dative plural)
stropu (instrumental singular)
stropiem (instrumental plural)
stropā (locative singular)
stropos (locative plural)
strop (singular vocative)
stropi (plural vocative)


nags

nags (nominative singular)
nagi (nominative plural)
nagu (accusative singular)
nagus (accusative plural)
naga (genitive singular)
nagu (genitive plural)
nagam (dative singular)
nagiem (dative plural)
nagu (instrumental singular)
nagiem (instrumental plural)
nagā (locative singular)
nagos (locative plural)
nags (singular vocative)
nagi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nágas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs.


tapirs

tapirs (nominative singular)
tapiri (nominative plural)
tapiru (accusative singular)
tapirus (accusative plural)
tapira (genitive singular)
tapiru (genitive plural)
tapiram (dative singular)
tapiriem (dative plural)
tapiru (instrumental singular)
tapiriem (instrumental plural)
tapirā (locative singular)
tapiros (locative plural)
tapir (singular vocative)
tapiri (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately derived from Old Tupi tapi'ira (“tapir”).

tapiri ir labi peldētāji

maiji medīja briežus, tapirus ar bultām un šķēpiem

the Mayans hunted tapirs with bows and spears

tapir (odd-toed ungulates of the family Tapiridae, genus Tapirus, with a prehensile upper lip)


savannas

inflection of savanna:
genitive singular

inflection of savanna:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


krāsa

krāsa (nominative singular)
krāsas (nominative plural)
krāsu (accusative singular)
krāsas (accusative plural)
krāsas (genitive singular)
krāsu (genitive plural)
krāsai (dative singular)
krāsām (dative plural)
krāsu (instrumental singular)
krāsām (instrumental plural)
krāsā (locative singular)
krāsās (locative plural)
krāsa (singular vocative)
krāsas (plural vocative)

13th-century, borrowed from Old East Slavic краса (krasa, “beauty, splendor”) (compare Russian краса́ (krasá)), which comes from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to burn, to glow”) (whence also Latvian karsts). Initially used in the Eastern regions, this word only penetrated further into the language in the 18th century, at first with the meaning “healthy, pretty facial color.” At the beginning of the 19th century, under the influence of Russian краска (kraska, “paint”), it acquired the sense “(natural) color of an object.”. In the second half of the 19th century, the meaning of krāsa was broadened, in order to replace the Germanism pērve, perve (“paint”) (still attested in dialects).

bor

balta, melna, sarkana krāsa

spilgta, spoža krāsa

auksta, silta krāsa

krāsas piesātinātība

krāsu gamma

krāsu redze

krāsu aklums

krāsu televīzija

color (visible light of a certain wavelength)

auduma krāsa

ziedu krāsa

āda krāsa

bez krāsas (= bāls)

color (visible feature of a surface or object caused by reflected light)

tipogrāfijas krāsa

krāsu kārba

eļļas krāsa

emaljas krāsa

krāsu palete

akvareļa (= ūdens) krāsa

uzlikt, uzklāt krāsu

jaukt, atšķaidīt krāsas

notīrīt veco krāsu

paint, ink (substance applied to an object or surface to give it a certain color)

aizstāvēt savas sportistu komanadas krāsas

to defend the colors of one's sports team

emblēma valsts krāsās

colors (a colored symbol representing a country, an organization, a sports team)


gaiss

gaiss (nominative singular)
gaisi (nominative plural)
gaisu (accusative singular)
gaisus (accusative plural)
gaisa (genitive singular)
gaisu (genitive plural)
gaisam (dative singular)
gaisiem (dative plural)
gaisu (instrumental singular)
gaisiem (instrumental plural)
gaisā (locative singular)
gaisos (locative plural)
gais (singular vocative)
gaisi (plural vocative)

Dialectal variant of the adjective gaišs, see there for details.


orangutans

orangutans (nominative singular)
orangutani (nominative plural)
orangutanu (accusative singular)
orangutanus (accusative plural)
orangutana (genitive singular)
orangutanu (genitive plural)
orangutanam (dative singular)
orangutaniem (dative plural)
orangutanu (instrumental singular)
orangutaniem (instrumental plural)
orangutanā (locative singular)
orangutanos (locative plural)
orangutan (singular vocative)
orangutani (plural vocative)

From Malay orang (“person, man”) + hutan (“forest”); literally, "forest man".


brunets

lv-noun

brunets m (1st declension, feminine form: brunete)

brunete (feminine)
brunets (nominative singular)
bruneti (nominative plural)
brunetu (accusative singular)
brunetus (accusative plural)
bruneta (genitive singular)
brunetu (genitive plural)
brunetam (dative singular)
brunetiem (dative plural)
brunetu (instrumental singular)
brunetiem (instrumental plural)
brunetā (locative singular)
brunetos (locative plural)
brunet (singular vocative)
bruneti (plural vocative)

Possibly via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from French brunet (“dark-haired man”).

pie pirmās mašīnas stāvēja slaids brunets apmēram Andreja gados

by the first car a slim dark-haired man was standing, about Andrejs' age

dark-haired man, brunet (a man having dark — brown or black — hair)


sams

sams (nominative singular)
sami (nominative plural)
samu (accusative singular)
samus (accusative plural)
sama (genitive singular)
samu (genitive plural)
samam (dative singular)
samiem (dative plural)
samu (instrumental singular)
samiem (instrumental plural)
samā (locative singular)
samos (locative plural)
sam (singular vocative)
sami (plural vocative)

With Lithuanian šãmas inherited from Proto-Baltic, cognate to Proto-Slavic *sòmъ, further etymology unknown.

puiši zivis šauda, saķēruši sirmu samu: liels kā teliņš, melns kā velniņš, plata mute, garas ūsas

the boys shot the fish, (they had) caught a gray catfish: big as a little calf, black as the devil, wide mouth, long whiskers

Silurus glanis
Silurus glanis#Translingual

wels catfish, sheatfish (a scaleless freshwater catfish, Silurus glanis)


spaniels

spaniels (nominative singular)
spanieli (nominative plural)
spanielu (accusative singular)
spanielus (accusative plural)
spaniela (genitive singular)
spanielu (genitive plural)
spanielam (dative singular)
spanieliem (dative plural)
spanielu (instrumental singular)
spanieliem (instrumental plural)
spanielā (locative singular)
spanielos (locative plural)
spaniel (singular vocative)
spanieli (plural vocative)


acenes

acenes (nominative plural)
acenes (accusative plural)
aceņu (genitive plural)
acenēm (dative plural)
acenēm (instrumental plural)
acenēs (locative plural)
acenes (plural vocative)

(dialectal) stranded knitting, Fair Isle knitting (special knitting technique for gloves and socks where one stitch is alternately cast on with a different coloured yarn)


banknotes

inflection of banknote:
genitive singular

inflection of banknote:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


ganes

inflection of gane:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


eļļa

eļļa (nominative singular)
eļļas (nominative plural)
eļļu (accusative singular)
eļļas (accusative plural)
eļļas (genitive singular)
eļļu (genitive plural)
eļļai (dative singular)
eļļām (dative plural)
eļļu (instrumental singular)
eļļām (instrumental plural)
eļļā (locative singular)
eļļās (locative plural)
eļļa (singular vocative)
eļļas (plural vocative)

oil (an oily liquid lighter than water and insoluble in it, obtained from certain plants or minerals)


gane

gane f (5th declension, masculine form: gans)

gans (masculine)
gane (nominative singular)
ganes (nominative plural)
gani (accusative singular)
ganes (accusative plural)
ganes (genitive singular)
gaņu (genitive plural)
ganei (dative singular)
ganēm (dative plural)
gani (instrumental singular)
ganēm (instrumental plural)
ganē (locative singular)
ganēs (locative plural)
gane (singular vocative)
ganes (plural vocative)


starks

starks (nominative singular)
starki (nominative plural)
starku (accusative singular)
starkus (accusative plural)
starka (genitive singular)
starku (genitive plural)
starkam (dative singular)
starkiem (dative plural)
starku (instrumental singular)
starkiem (instrumental plural)
starkā (locative singular)
starkos (locative plural)
stark (singular vocative)
starki (plural vocative)


monitors

monitors m (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


humors

humors (nominative singular)
humoru (accusative singular)
humora (genitive singular)
humoram (dative singular)
humoru (instrumental singular)
humorā (locative singular)
humor (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin umor (“moisture”), from the ancient theory that the moods and dispositions of the human psyche were related to bodily fluids.

labsirdīgs humors

humora dzirksts

humora izjūta

cilvēks ar humora izjūtu

viņa balsī jūtama humora pieskaņa

in his voice one can feel a touch of humor

zvejas vīru humoru netraucē ne vētra, ne arī nemīlīgs laiks

neither storms nor inclement weather can disturb the humor of fishermen

viņš visu prot pateikt ar humoru, un mēs smejamies

he knows how to say everything with humor, and we laugh

humor (good-natured, playful attitude; the capacity to recognize and understand what is funny or comical)

tautas pasaku un sakāmvārdu humors

humor (that which is funny; a funny situation or anecdote)


pases

inflection of pase:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


lijas

inflection of lija:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


lija

lija (nominative singular)
lijas (nominative plural)
liju (accusative singular)
lijas (accusative plural)
lijas (genitive singular)
liju (genitive plural)
lijai (dative singular)
lijām (dative plural)
liju (instrumental singular)
lijām (instrumental plural)
lijā (locative singular)
lijās (locative plural)
lija (singular vocative)
lijas (plural vocative)

niedru lija

lauku lija

lauku lija barojas galvenokārt ar jauniem un pieaugušajiem zvirbuļveidīgajiem putniem

the hen harrier feeds mostly from young or juvenile passerine birds

harrier (several species of birds of prey from the subfamily Circinae, especially genus Circus)


peles

inflection of pele:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


pase

pase (nominative singular)
pases (nominative plural)
pasi (accusative singular)
pases (accusative plural)
pases (genitive singular)
pasu (genitive plural)
pasei (dative singular)
pasēm (dative plural)
pasi (instrumental singular)
pasēm (instrumental plural)
pasē (locative singular)
pasēs (locative plural)
pase (singular vocative)
pases (plural vocative)


progresa

inflection of progress:
accusative/instrumental singular


mutes

inflection of mute:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


osas

inflection of osa:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


rajas

genitive/nominative/vocative/accusative plural of raja


salas

inflection of sala:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


tabulas

inflection of tabula:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


tases

inflection of tase:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


tase

tase (nominative singular)
tases (nominative plural)
tasi (accusative singular)
tases (accusative plural)
tases (genitive singular)
tašu (genitive plural)
tasei (dative singular)
tasēm (dative plural)
tasi (instrumental singular)
tasēm (instrumental plural)
tasē (locative singular)
tasēs (locative plural)
tase (singular vocative)
tases (plural vocative)


mats

mats (nominative singular)
mati (nominative plural)
matu (accusative singular)
matus (accusative plural)
mata (genitive singular)
matu (genitive plural)
matam (dative singular)
matiem (dative plural)
matu (instrumental singular)
matiem (instrumental plural)
matā (locative singular)
matos (locative plural)
mats (singular vocative)
mati (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mat-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-, *m-et- (“to mark, to measure”), whence also Latvian mest (“to throw”) (older meaning “to measure”, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-ti- (“measure, wisdom”)). The original meaning was thus “measure, mark” (a derived meaning of “compensation, payment (for milling grain)” < “amount measured to be given as payment” is attested in older sources and in some dialects). The semantic evolution was “measure” > “body part used as measure unit” > “small measure / small body part used as measure unit” > “hair” (note that human and animal hair (wool) was an ancient small measure unit among many peoples, including ancient Latvians). In some expressions, traces of the earlier meaning of mats as “small measure unit” can still be seen: uz mata (“correct”), mats matā, ne par matu. Cognates include Lithuanian mãtas (“measure, measure unit”), Russian ме́тить (métitʹ, “to mark, to label”), Sanskrit माति (māti), मिमाति (mā́ti, mimā́ti, “to measure”), Albanian matë (“measure”).

cog

gaiši, rudi, tumši, sirmi mati

kastaņbrūni mati

kupli, sprogaini, gludi mati

normāli, taukaini, sausi mati

matu cirtas, sprogas

matu pīne

apgriezt matus

nogriezt matus īsus

nogriezt, nodzīt matus (uz nulli)

matu rullītis

matu laka

matu eļļa, mateļļa

matu (sa)kārtojums

matu mezgls

līdzās ceļiniekiem stāv meitene ar pelēkām matu pīnēm

a girl with gray hair braids is standing next to the traveler

dārzā līkņāja vecs vīrs bez neviena mata uz galvas

in the garden an old man without any hair on (his) head was stooping

(anatomy, usually plural) (head) hair (set of keratin filaments which grow on the top of a human being's head)

mata stiebrs

mata sakne

mata sīpols

uz ķermeņa, rokām un kājām mati ir maigi, plāni, tos vēl sauc par pūku... uzacu, plakstu mati ir gari, saraini

on the body, arms and legs hairs are soft (and) thin, they are also called fuzz... eyebrow, eyelid hair (in contrast) is long, stubbly

āpša ādu kažokrūpniecībā maz izmanto, jo mati rupji un cieti

badger skin is not used much in the fur industry, because (its) hairs are coarse and hard

(anatomy, singular or plural) each keratin filament on the body of human beings or other animals


eja

eja (nominative singular)
ejas (nominative plural)
eju (accusative singular)
ejas (accusative plural)
ejas (genitive singular)
eju (genitive plural)
ejai (dative singular)
ejām (dative plural)
eju (instrumental singular)
ejām (instrumental plural)
ejā (locative singular)
ejās (locative plural)
eja (singular vocative)
ejas (plural vocative)

Derived from the present stem ej- of the verb iet (“to go”) + -a by Juris Alunāns,
this word replaced a previously used Germanism gaņģis (cf. German Gang). The word was accepted by A. Kronvalds, by whose influence it entered the standard language. Cognates include Lithuanian ėjà (“gait, walk, movement; passage, cave”).

galvenā eja

vārtu eja

šaura eja

slepena eja

aizsprotot eju

un tad viņš... pa vidus eju starp soliem devās uz durvīm

and then he went to the door by the middle passage between the benches

passageway, tunnel, corridor, hallway, aisle etc. where one can go on foot

kurmji rok pat līdz 1 metram dziļas ejas, kas nobeidza paplašinājumā: ligzdā

moles dig passages of up to 1 meter of length, ending in a winder, larger space: the next

(of animals) hole, den, burrow created by the animal itself

auss iekšēja eja

deguna ejas

(of body or body parts) canal, passage connecting organs, cavities, etc.


gids

lv-noun

gids m (1st declension, feminine form: gide)

gide (feminine)
gids (nominative singular)
gidi (nominative plural)
gidu (accusative singular)
gidus (accusative plural)
gida (genitive singular)
gidu (genitive plural)
gidam (dative singular)
gidiem (dative plural)
gidu (instrumental singular)
gidiem (instrumental plural)
gidā (locative singular)
gidos (locative plural)
gid (singular vocative)
gidi (plural vocative)


muca

muca (nominative singular)
mucas (nominative plural)
mucu (accusative singular)
mucas (accusative plural)
mucas (genitive singular)
mucu (genitive plural)
mucai (dative singular)
mucām (dative plural)
mucu (instrumental singular)
mucām (instrumental plural)
mucā (locative singular)
mucās (locative plural)
muca (singular vocative)
mucas (plural vocative)


lops

lops (nominative singular)
lopi (nominative plural)
lopu (accusative singular)
lopus (accusative plural)
lopa (genitive singular)
lopu (genitive plural)
lopam (dative singular)
lopiem (dative plural)
lopu (instrumental singular)
lopiem (instrumental plural)
lopā (locative singular)
lopos (locative plural)
lop (singular vocative)
lopi (plural vocative)

The origin of this word is unclear. Some derive it from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“cow”), but the only basis for this reconstruction is the Albanian cognate. Others consider it related to Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌱 (lamb) (cf. German Lamm, English lamb), perhaps even a borrowing from a Germanic language. Yet others suggest that it comes from a putative Proto-Baltic *luop-, from Proto-Indo-European *leu- (“to cut off, to separate”) with an extra -p, with the meaning evolving from “cut off” > “to hide, to skin, to flay” (cf. Lithuanian lùpti (“to skin, to peel”)) > “hide, skin, fur, something made of fur” (cf. Hittite lupanni (“hat”)) > “animal body part” (cf. Old Church Slavonic лъбьнъ (lŭbĭnŭ), Serbo-Croatian lùbina (“skull”)) > “animal.” The initial meaning of lops, still found dialectally, was more restricted, covering only goats, sheep and maybe cows. In the 18th and 19th century, the meaning was extended to almost all animals (= dzīvnieks), and later again restricted to its current range. Cognates include Lithuanian lúopas, lúobas (“clumsy person or animal”), Albanian lopë (“cow”) (< *lāpā).

der

darba, piena, gaļas lopi

lopu kūts

apkopt lopus

lopus līdz četriem noturēja kūtī un tad nodzina tepat lejā Spilvas ganībās

he kept the animal until four (years of age) in the barn and then took them down here to the Spilva pastures

livestock, (farm) animal (e.g., cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, poultry, etc.)


nasta

nasta (nominative singular)
nastas (nominative plural)
nastu (accusative singular)
nastas (accusative plural)
nastas (genitive singular)
nastu (genitive plural)
nastai (dative singular)
nastām (dative plural)
nastu (instrumental singular)
nastām (instrumental plural)
nastā (locative singular)
nastās (locative plural)
nasta (singular vocative)
nastas (plural vocative)


patriots

lv-noun

patriots m (1st declension, feminine form: patriote)

patriote (feminine)
patriots (nominative singular)
patrioti (nominative plural)
patriotu (accusative singular)
patriotus (accusative plural)
patriota (genitive singular)
patriotu (genitive plural)
patriotam (dative singular)
patriotiem (dative plural)
patriotu (instrumental singular)
patriotiem (instrumental plural)
patriotā (locative singular)
patriotos (locative plural)
patriot (singular vocative)
patrioti (plural vocative)


normas

inflection of norma:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


humorists

humorists m (1st declension, feminine form: humoriste)

humoriste (feminine)
humorists (nominative singular)
humoristi (nominative plural)
humoristu (accusative singular)
humoristus (accusative plural)
humorista (genitive singular)
humoristu (genitive plural)
humoristam (dative singular)
humoristiem (dative plural)
humoristu (instrumental singular)
humoristiem (instrumental plural)
humoristā (locative singular)
humoristos (locative plural)
humorist (singular vocative)
humoristi (plural vocative)

From humors (“humor”) + -ists. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

humorista asais skatiens atrod visapslēptākās cilvēka vājības, pamana simtiem to izpausmes veidu un variantu

a humorist/comedian's sharp look finds the innermost human weaknesses and sees hundreds of forms and variations of their expression

humorist, comedian (a (male) artist who portrays the world in a comic, humorous way)


taiga

taiga (nominative singular)
taigas (nominative plural)
taigu (accusative singular)
taigas (accusative plural)
taigas (genitive singular)
taigu (genitive plural)
taigai (dative singular)
taigām (dative plural)
taigu (instrumental singular)
taigām (instrumental plural)
taigā (locative singular)
taigās (locative plural)
taiga (singular vocative)
taigas (plural vocative)


kurdu

inflection of kurds:
accusative/instrumental singular


helikopteri

nominative/vocative plural of helikopters


kaķis

kaķis (nominative singular)
kaķi (nominative plural)
kaķi (accusative singular)
kaķus (accusative plural)
kaķa (genitive singular)
kaķu (genitive plural)
kaķim (dative singular)
kaķiem (dative plural)
kaķi (instrumental singular)
kaķiem (instrumental plural)
kaķī (locative singular)
kaķos (locative plural)
kaķi (singular vocative)
kaķi (plural vocative)

Old word, which spread together with the animal millennia ago, apparently ultimately of Afroasiatic origin, later borrowed into Proto-Indo-European.
The Latvian term was apparently influenced by the Germanic forms: kaķis < *katis, from feminine *kate (cf. dialectal katene (“kitten”)), at first in Couronian dialects, later in other dialects and in the standard language.
Cognates include Lithuanian katė̃, Old Prussian catto ([kato]), Russian кот (kot), Middle High German, Middle Dutch katte, German Katze, English cat, Latin cattus, catta.

melns kaķis

kaķis murrā

kaķis noķēris peli

veikls kā kaķis

acis kā kaķim

Felis silvestris catus
Felis silvestris catus#Translingual


tempu

inflection of temps:
accusative/instrumental singular


leja

leja (nominative singular)
lejas (nominative plural)
leju (accusative singular)
lejas (accusative plural)
lejas (genitive singular)
leju (genitive plural)
lejai (dative singular)
lejām (dative plural)
leju (instrumental singular)
lejām (instrumental plural)
lejā (locative singular)
lejās (locative plural)
leja (singular vocative)
lejas (plural vocative)

From earlier (19th-century) leija, from Proto-Baltic *ley-ya-, from *ley-ā, from Proto-Indo-European *l̥-ey, from the zero grade of *el-, *Heh₃l- (“to bend, to incline”) (whence also elkonis (“elbow”), q.v.) with a suffix -ey. The meaning probably evolved as follows: “bent inward” > “inwardly bent earth”, “valley” > “lower area.” Cognates include Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍂𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌾𐌰 (undarleija, “lower, smaller”), Ancient Greek λειμών (leimṓn, “humid, grassy place, humid meadow”) (lower places are often humid).

cog

pa leju mājai garām šaujas motociklets

a motorcycle ran by in the low area along the house

Lība palika stāvam un ostīja gaisu: kaut kur no lejas uzvēdīja svešāada smarša

Lība remained standing and sniffed the air: somewhere from below a strange smell was spreading

low area, low place, below (place located below, with respect to something else)

lejas stāvs

te bija lejas aula baznīca ar zaļo skārda jumtu

here was the lower village church with a green tin roof

tumšajā lejas gaitenī klusēdami izklīst skolēnu pulciņi

the small groups of studnets silently dispersed in the dark lower corridor

(in genitive, used adjectivally) lower side, lower part, bottom (of something)

lejā pagalmā spēlējās bērni

down in the yard the children were playing

izgāju pat uz balkona; dzīli lejā zem manis slīdēja automašīnas un trolejbusi

I went out on the balcony; deep down under me cars and trolleys slid by

un tad tepat lejā pie Varžupīte tie karkli

and then right here (they are), down by the Varžupīte (river), these willows

tieši zem nišas bija divi galdiņi; nišā varēja dzirdēt katru vārdu, ko tie tur lejā runāja

right under the niche there were two little tables; in the niche it was possible to hear every word which they said down there

(in locative, used adverbially) down, below, at the bottom, in a lower area (of some place)

upes, strauta leja

dziļa leja

krūmiem aizaugusi leja

lejas nogāze

starp diviem kalniem vēsā lejā / svēts, vientuļš klosteris glabājās

in a cool valley between two mountains / a holy, lonely monastery kept itself

miklajā ganību lejā nāca melnakšņu un kārklu krūmi

in the humid pasture depression there were (lit. came) alder and willow bushes

no lejas brauc tvaikonis

straume laivu nesa uz leju

the stream took the boat downstream, to(ward) the estuary

jo tālāk ejam mēs uz leju, jo vairāk straume izšķir mūs

the further we go downstream, the more the stream separated us

(of rivers; usually with uz, no) mouth, estuary

skatīties uz leju

ceļš ved uz leju

Ģirts gāja pa kāpnēm uz leju

svaru kauss sveras uz leju

Mācītājam Silingam ar veselību ejot uz leju

Pastor Siling's health, they say, is going down

(with uz) down, downward, toward the earth (also metaphorically)


mongoli

vocative/accusative/instrumental singular of mongolis


karu

inflection of karš:
instrumental/genitive plural


diena

diena (nominative singular)
dienas (nominative plural)
dienu (accusative singular)
dienas (accusative plural)
dienas (genitive singular)
dienu (genitive plural)
dienai (dative singular)
dienām (dative plural)
dienu (instrumental singular)
dienām (instrumental plural)
dienā (locative singular)
dienās (locative plural)
diena (singular vocative)
dienas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic (compare Old Prussian dēinā), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *deinas/*dinas (compare Proto-Slavic *dьnь), from Proto-Indo-European *déynos, ultimately from *dyew- (“to shine”).

Lietojiet vienu tableti dienā.

Nedēļā ir septiņas dienas.

Es to dienu nekad neaizmirsīšu.

dienas gaisma


smaka

smaka (nominative singular)
smakas (nominative plural)
smaku (accusative singular)
smakas (accusative plural)
smakas (genitive singular)
smaku (genitive plural)
smakai (dative singular)
smakām (dative plural)
smaku (instrumental singular)
smakām (instrumental plural)
smakā (locative singular)
smakās (locative plural)
smaka (singular vocative)
smakas (plural vocative)

Traditionally considered borrowed from Middle Low German smak (“taste; smell”) or Saterland Frisian smaka or Middle Dutch smake, which is supported by its use in 17th-century texts to mean not only “smell,” but also “taste.” This may however have been a purely written usage, given the absence at the time of a term for “taste;” other writings of the period suggest that the “taste” meaning was rare or unattested among speakers. If this is so, the word might actually not be a borrowing, but an indigenous formation, from the stem of the verb smakt (“to stifle; to choke; to gasp”) (q.v.), made into a 4th-declension feminine noun. Since ancient Baltic and Iranian tribes were neighbors for some time, there may also be influence from Iranian languages (cf. Ossetian смаг (smag, “odor”). Originally, smaka had a broader meaning, “smell, odor” (in general); in the 19th century, the phrase laba smaka “good odor” still occurred. Later on it switched senses with smarža (which used to mean “bad smell” but is now neutral; q.v.).

nepatīkama, kodīga smaka

pēlējuma, sēra, sviedru smaka

salda, skāba smaka

nejust nekādu smaku

sajust dūmu samku

izvēdināt piedeguma smaku

to disperse the burned smell (by ventilating the room)

pretīga gruzduma smaka tā piesātinājusi visu apkārtni, ka grūti bija elpot

the disgusting stench of smoke had saturated the whole neighborhood, so that it was hard to breathe


dē

The Latvian name of the Latin script letter D/d.


gā

The Latvian name of the Latin script letter G/g.


kā

The Latvian name of the Latin script letter K/k.


palmu

inflection of palma:
accusative/instrumental singular


kasti

accusative/instrumental singular of kaste


lasis

lasis (nominative singular)
laši (nominative plural)
lasi (accusative singular)
lašus (accusative plural)
laša (genitive singular)
lašu (genitive plural)
lasim (dative singular)
lašiem (dative plural)
lasi (instrumental singular)
lašiem (instrumental plural)
lasī (locative singular)
lašos (locative plural)
lasi (singular vocative)
laši (plural vocative)

Traditionally related to Latvian lāse (“drop (of liquid)”) (dialectally attested as lase, lasis), perhaps because of the drop-like little spots on a salmon's scales, from Proto-Indo-European *laḱ- (“to sprinkle, to spatter”).
Another suggestion is that this term comes from Proto-Indo-European *lek- (“to jump, to leap”), referring to the mating habits of salmons, swimming and leaping upstream; but the final k leaves the s in the Baltic and Slavic forms unexplained. One would have to assume parallel forms *lek-, *leḱ- for this stem.
Cognates include Lithuanian lãšis, lašiša, Old Prussian lalasso (probably a misspelled lasasso), Russian лосо́сь (losósʹ), Czech losos, Polish łosoś, Proto-Germanic *lahsaz (Old High German lahs, German Lachs, Swedish lax, English lax, lox), Tocharian B laksi (“fish”), Ossetian лӕсӕг (læsæg, “salmon”).

uder

zvejot lašus

svaigs lasis

žāvēts lasis

lašu/laša krāsa


ābols

ābols (nominative singular)
āboli (nominative plural)
ābolu (accusative singular)
ābolus (accusative plural)
ābola (genitive singular)
ābolu (genitive plural)
ābolam (dative singular)
āboliem (dative plural)
ābolu (instrumental singular)
āboliem (instrumental plural)
ābolā (locative singular)
ābolos (locative plural)
ābols (singular vocative)
āboli (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *āˀbōl, genitive *āˀbeles (from this paradigm, the two forms ābols (“apple”) and ābele (“apple tree”) were later differentiated), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébl̥, *h₂ebōl, a word which some consider a borrowing from some pre-Indo-European language. Cognates include Lithuanian obuolỹs, Proto-Slavic *ablъko (Old Church Slavonic аблъко (ablŭko), Russian я́блоко (jábloko)), Proto-Celtic *abūl (Old Irish ubull, Irish úll, Scottish Gaelic ubhal),
Proto-Germanic *aplaz (English apple, German Apfel, Dutch appel, Swedish äpple).

salds, skābs, sulīgs ābols

ābolu sula, vīns, ievārījums

ābola serde, sēklas, miza

sārts, vesels kā ābols

žāvēti āboli


volts

volts (nominative singular)
volti (nominative plural)
voltu (accusative singular)
voltus (accusative plural)
volta (genitive singular)
voltu (genitive plural)
voltam (dative singular)
voltiem (dative plural)
voltu (instrumental singular)
voltiem (instrumental plural)
voltā (locative singular)
voltos (locative plural)
volt (singular vocative)
volti (plural vocative)


hlorofils

hlorofils (nominative singular)
hlorofili (nominative plural)
hlorofilu (accusative singular)
hlorofilus (accusative plural)
hlorofila (genitive singular)
hlorofilu (genitive plural)
hlorofilam (dative singular)
hlorofiliem (dative plural)
hlorofilu (instrumental singular)
hlorofiliem (instrumental plural)
hlorofilā (locative singular)
hlorofilos (locative plural)
hlorofil (singular vocative)
hlorofili (plural vocative)


kompass

kompass (nominative singular)
kompasi (nominative plural)
kompasu (accusative singular)
kompasus (accusative plural)
kompasa (genitive singular)
kompasu (genitive plural)
kompasam (dative singular)
kompasiem (dative plural)
kompasu (instrumental singular)
kompasiem (instrumental plural)
kompasā (locative singular)
kompasos (locative plural)
kompas (singular vocative)
kompasi (plural vocative)


vēdeklis

vēdeklis (nominative singular)
vēdekļi (nominative plural)
vēdekli (accusative singular)
vēdekļus (accusative plural)
vēdekļa (genitive singular)
vēdekļu (genitive plural)
vēdeklim (dative singular)
vēdekļiem (dative plural)
vēdekli (instrumental singular)
vēdekļiem (instrumental plural)
vēdeklī (locative singular)
vēdekļos (locative plural)
vēdekli (singular vocative)
vēdekļi (plural vocative)

From vēd(ināt) (“to fan, to wave”) + -eklis. A 19th-century neologism, initially used alongside forms like vēcināmais and vēceklis.

auduma, koka vēdeklis

strausa spalvu vēdeklis

grezns vēdeklis

hand fan (hand-held device that can be waved back and forth to move air and cool oneself)

abas sugas ir koki ar vēdeklī sakārtotām lapām

both species are trees with leaves arranged into a fan

fan (something having the shape of a fan)


zobens

zobens (nominative singular)
zobeni (nominative plural)
zobenu (accusative singular)
zobenus (accusative plural)
zobena (genitive singular)
zobenu (genitive plural)
zobenam (dative singular)
zobeniem (dative plural)
zobenu (instrumental singular)
zobeniem (instrumental plural)
zobenā (locative singular)
zobenos (locative plural)
zoben (singular vocative)
zobeni (plural vocative)

From zobs (“tooth; sharpness, blade”) + -ens; the original meaning was “piercing instrument with sharp edge, blade.”

ass zobens

smags zobens

līks zobens

zobena spals

zobena maksts

Damaskas tērauda zobens

izvilkt zobenu

vicināt zobenu

paukošanas ar zobeniem

(weaponry) sword (long-bladed weapon with a handle, for stabbing, cutting or slashing)


cūka

cūka (nominative singular)
cūkas (nominative plural)
cūku (accusative singular)
cūkas (accusative plural)
cūkas (genitive singular)
cūku (genitive plural)
cūkai (dative singular)
cūkām (dative plural)
cūku (instrumental singular)
cūkām (instrumental plural)
cūkā (locative singular)
cūkās (locative plural)
cūka (singular vocative)
cūkas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *kyaw-, *kyū-, from a palatalized version (perhaps by onomatopoeia, by imitating this animal's sound) of Proto-Indo-European *kew-, *kū- (“to howl, to shout; cf. kaukt “to howl””). A parallel, non-palatalized version is probably reflected in placenames like Kūkas, perhaps originally a region with many wild boars. An even further palatalized version (where *ky > *ḱ > *š > Latvian s) may have given rise to placenames like Sauka, or, with a different suffix, to placenames in -saule like Jaunsaule, perhaps even to Lithuanian Šiauliaĩ. A different (minoritary) theory derives čūka from an earlier *sūka, borrowed from Slavic (cf. Russian су́ка (súka)); another (minoritary) viewpoint connects cūka to imitative words used to call pigs, like Russian чух! (čux!), чух-чух! (čux-čux!), Belarusian, Ukrainian ацю! (acju!), Polish a ciu!, Latvian čuk-čuk!, Lithuanian čiùk-čiùk!, čiū́k-čiū́k! Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal čiūkà, kūkà, also čiūkùtis, kūkùtis (“piglet”), Russian dialectal чу́ха (čúxa), чухна́ (čuxná, “pig”).

mājas cūka

vaislas cūka

meža cūka

cūka kviec, rukšķ

cūku kūts, aizgalds

cūku šķirnes

cūku tauki

nobarot cūku

kaut cūku

cūkas gaļa, cūkgaļa

cūka viņu sagaidīja sīkiem rukšķiem

Sus scrofa domesticus
Wikispecies:Sus scrofa domesticus

cūka ar sivēniem

viņu nosauca pazīstamu cilvēku klātbūtnē par cūku

he was called a pig in the presence of people he knew

(figuratively) pig (a dirty, unhygienic person; also, a villainous man; colloquially also an unattractive female)

“cūkas” jeb “duraki” ir kāršu spēle, kuras mērķis ir atbrīvoties no rokās esošajām kārtīm

“pigs,” or “fools,” is a card game whose objective it is to get rid of all the cards in one's hands

(only plural) the name of a certain card game


skābe

skābe (nominative singular)
skābes (nominative plural)
skābi (accusative singular)
skābes (accusative plural)
skābes (genitive singular)
skābju (genitive plural)
skābei (dative singular)
skābēm (dative plural)
skābi (instrumental singular)
skābēm (instrumental plural)
skābē (locative singular)
skābēs (locative plural)
skābe (singular vocative)
skābes (plural vocative)

A word coined in the 19th century from skāb(t) (“to go sour”) + -e, first attested in dictionaries of that time. In the 1850s, K. Valdemārs tried to use the term skābums in the sense of “acid,” but without success: skābe became the standard term for this sense.

stipra, vāja skābe

organiskā skābe

skābju savienojumi

skābekli saturošas skābes

(chemistry) acid (a sour substance that reacts with a base to produce a salt)


zābaks

zābaks (nominative singular)
zābaki (nominative plural)
zābaku (accusative singular)
zābakus (accusative plural)
zābaka (genitive singular)
zābaku (genitive plural)
zābakam (dative singular)
zābakiem (dative plural)
zābaku (instrumental singular)
zābakiem (instrumental plural)
zābakā (locative singular)
zābakos (locative plural)
zābak (singular vocative)
zābaki (plural vocative)

An old, pre-13th-century borrowing from Old East Slavic забогъ (zabogŭ); cf. Russian сапо́г (sapóg), dialectal забог (zabog), already mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries, and also in 15th- and 16th-century family names. An old feminine variant zābaka, already attested in 17th-century dictionaries, persisted until the 19th century, when it finally disappeared.

viriešu, sieviešu zābaki

gumijas zābaki

slēpju, slidu zābaki

garie zābaki

zābaku saites, auklas

aizsaitēt zābakus

vilkt kājās zābakus


auss

auss (nominative singular)
ausis (nominative plural)
ausi (accusative singular)
ausis (accusative plural)
auss (genitive singular)
ausu (genitive plural)
ausij (dative singular)
ausīm (dative plural)
ausi (instrumental singular)
ausīm (instrumental plural)
ausī (locative singular)
ausīs (locative plural)
auss (singular vocative)
ausis (plural vocative)

A 6th-declension stem based on an earlier plural form ausì, from Proto-Baltic *auś-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”). From Proto-Baltic, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows-. Cognates include Lithuanian ausìs, Old Prussian ausins (accusative plural), Proto-Slavic *uxo, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 (ausō) (< Proto-Germanic *ausô, Old High German ōra, German Ohr, Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬌 (uši, “both ears, mind, reason”), Ancient Greek οὖς (oûs), Latin auris (< *ausis).

cog

ārējā, iekšējā auss

pakasīt aiz auss

spalvainas ausis

ausu ārsts

auss eja

auss iekaisums

nedzirdīgas, kurlas ausis

saberzēt nosalušas ausis

ausīs džinkst, dūc, zvana, dun, šalc, rūc, šņāc

(one's) ears are buzzing, whizzing, ringing

mūsu auss skaņas svārstības uztver tikai no 15 līdz 20000 hercu intervālā

our ear's sound perception range covers an interval of only 15 to 20000 Hertz

suns aprimst kaukt un aizdomīgi paceļ ausis

the dog stopped howling and suspiciously raised his ears

slēpt ko no ziņkārām ausīm

(figuratively) an individual human being

labas ausis

vājas ausis

nē, es redzu: jūsu ausim mani vārdi ir tukša skaņa

no, I see: to your ears my words are empty sounds

ear (the capacity to hear; understanding, awareness of what one hears)

nolaist cepures ausis

būrtnīca ar ausīm

durvīs parādās večuks... ziemas cepures ausis nokarājas uz abām pusēm kā dažkārt zaķim

an old man showed up at the door... the ears of his winter hat were hanging on both sides as bunny ears sometimes do

(usually plural) ears (elongated, protruding lateral parts of certain objects)


paprikas

inflection of paprika:
genitive singular

inflection of paprika:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


skates

inflection of skate:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


pentagramma

pentagramma (nominative singular)
pentagrammas (nominative plural)
pentagrammu (accusative singular)
pentagrammas (accusative plural)
pentagrammas (genitive singular)
pentagrammu (genitive plural)
pentagrammai (dative singular)
pentagrammām (dative plural)
pentagrammu (instrumental singular)
pentagrammām (instrumental plural)
pentagrammā (locative singular)
pentagrammās (locative plural)
pentagramma (singular vocative)
pentagrammas (plural vocative)


sperma

sperma (nominative singular)
spermas (nominative plural)
spermu (accusative singular)
spermas (accusative plural)
spermas (genitive singular)
spermu (genitive plural)
spermai (dative singular)
spermām (dative plural)
spermu (instrumental singular)
spermām (instrumental plural)
spermā (locative singular)
spermās (locative plural)
sperma (singular vocative)
spermas (plural vocative)

From Latin sperma, from Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed, semen”).

der

sperm, semen (generative substance of male animals)


pasts

pasts (nominative singular)
pastu (accusative singular)
pasta (genitive singular)
pastam (dative singular)
pastu (instrumental singular)
pastā (locative singular)
past (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Post (itself a borrowing from Italian), first mentioned in 17th/18th-century dictionaries.

pasta darbinieks

pasta krājkase

pasta stacija

pasts iekārtojās tajā pašā namā, kura vienu pusi bija aizņēmusi izpildu komiteja

the post (office) was placed in the same building in which one half had been occupied by the Executive Committee

pēc kādas nedēļas Nadīna paziņo, ka pāriešot dzīvot turpat pastā

after about a week Nadīna announced that she would go live right there in the post (office)

mail, post (organization that delivers letters and small packages; place, buildings where it works)

gaisa pasts

pasta sakari

pasta ceļš

mail, post (the regular delivery service of this organization)

nosūtīt pastu

atnest pastu

pasta vagons

pasta soma

“pasts uz jūsu galda”, viņa sekretāre teica

“the mail is on your desk,” his secretary said

Florencē saņēmām no Rīgas pārsūtīto pastu

in Florece we received the mail forwarded from Riga

mail, post (the letters or packages delivered by this organization)


centrists

lv-noun

centrists m (1st declension, feminine form: centriste)

centriste (feminine)
centrists (nominative singular)
centristi (nominative plural)
centristu (accusative singular)
centristus (accusative plural)
centrista (genitive singular)
centristu (genitive plural)
centristam (dative singular)
centristiem (dative plural)
centristu (instrumental singular)
centristiem (instrumental plural)
centristā (locative singular)
centristos (locative plural)
centrist (singular vocative)
centristi (plural vocative)

Francijas centrists Bejrū noraida aliansi ar sociālistiem

the French centrist François Bayrou rejects an alliance with the socialists

(politics, philosophy) (male) centrist (a follower or defender of centrism; a politician of the political center)

(colloquial) (male) inhabitant of the center of a city, especially Riga


tilts

tilts (nominative singular)
tilti (nominative plural)
tiltu (accusative singular)
tiltus (accusative plural)
tilta (genitive singular)
tiltu (genitive plural)
tiltam (dative singular)
tiltiem (dative plural)
tiltu (instrumental singular)
tiltiem (instrumental plural)
tiltā (locative singular)
tiltos (locative plural)
tilt (singular vocative)
tilti (plural vocative)

Originally the past participle of an earlier verb *telt, parallel form *tilt, from Proto-Baltic *tel-, *til-, from Proto-Indo-European *tel-, *stel- (“to spread, to spread out”), whence also Latvian telpa (“space, room”). The original meaning was therefore “(that which is) spread out”, from which “(path, road) covered with intertwined, interlaced branches, logs” (a meaning still attested in folk songs) and then “bridge.” Cognates include Lithuanian tìltas; elsewhere, the stem *tel-, *stel- led to notions like “smooth base, floor, board:” Lithuanian dialectal tìlė (“a boat's bottom plank”), Old Prussian talus (“floor”), Proto-Slavic *tьlo (“base, floor”) (Old Church Slavonic тьло (tĭlo), Russian, Ukrainian тло (tlo), Czech tla (“floor”), Polish tło (“base, background”), Upper Sorbian tło (“floor, base, bottom”)), Old Irish talam (“earth”) (< *tlə-mo-), Proto-Germanic *þiliz (“board, plank”) (Old Norse þil, þili (“plank wall”), þilja (“floor, plank”), þel (“base, floor”), Old High German dil, dilo (“plank wall, floor”), dilla (“board, floor, ship deck”), German Diele (“plank”)), Sanskrit तलम् (talam, “plain, flat surface; palm”), Ancient Greek τήλιᾱ (tḗliā, “game table, board”), Albanian tullë (“brick”),
Latin tellūs (“earth”) (< *telnos), Ossetian тӕрхӕг (tærxæg, “bench”).

cog

koka tilts

dzelzs tilts

tērauda tilts

akmens tilts

loku tilts

siju, rāmju tilts

tilts pār upi

tilts pār dzelzceļu

trosēs iekārts tilts

paceļamais tilts

autoceļa, dzelzceļa tilts

gājēju tilts

jauktas satiksmes tilts

tilta balsts

tilta laidums

gaisa tilts

izgriežamais tilts

plosta tilts

uzgājuši Daugavas tiltā, viņi abi noskatījās uz Rīgu, kur torņu galos mirdzēja zelta gaiļi

having gone up the Daugava bridge, both of them looked at Rīga, where golden roosters were shining on the tops of the towers

bridge (a structure built to go over an area that is deep or dangerous in some way)

komandas tilts, komandtilts

uz komandas tilta stāvēja Kondruss, pēc izskata vēl pavisam jauns cilvēks

on the command bridge stood Kondruss, in appearance yet a quite young person (= man)

(nautical) bridge (elevated platform over the upper deck of a ship, from which activities can be seen and controlled by the captain)

dzenošie tilti

pārnesumkārbas un pakaļējais tilts ievietoti vienā karterī

the gearbox and the rear axle (are) placed in a single crankcase

Konrāds Rinkušs laida spēcīgo ūdens strūklu uz automobiļa tiltiem un rieteņiem, visur, kur vien saskatīja dubļu pikas un netīrumus

Konrāds Rinkušs directed a strong water stream at the car axles and wheels, everywhere where he saw clumps of mud and dirt

(in vehicles) axle (part of the chassis which link the wheels of opposing sides)

līdzsvarota tilta slēguma shēmu bieži lieto elektriskajos mērījumos

a balanced bridge connection is often used in electric measurements

electric circuit
electric circuit#English

(electronics) bridge (element of an electric circuit, used to connect a measuring instrument)

izņemamas protēzes lietotājam sagādā zināmas neērtības, salīdzinot ar iestiprinātām zobu protēzēm, tā saucamiem tiltiem

removable prostheses (dentures) give (their) users some discomfort, in comparison with fixed prostheses (= dentures), the so-called bridges

(medicine) non-removable denture, supported by natural teeth

jau trešajā minūtē Hervigs bija tiltā un ar grūtībām izgriezās

as early as the third minute Hervigs was in a bridge and wrung itself out (of it) with difficulty

(sports, martial arts) bridge position, backbend (position of the body in which the raised back rests on the hands (or nape) and feet touching the floor)


vistas

inflection of vista:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


ķirzaka

ķirzaka (nominative singular)
ķirzakas (nominative plural)
ķirzaku (accusative singular)
ķirzakas (accusative plural)
ķirzakas (genitive singular)
ķirzaku (genitive plural)
ķirzakai (dative singular)
ķirzakām (dative plural)
ķirzaku (instrumental singular)
ķirzakām (instrumental plural)
ķirzakā (locative singular)
ķirzakās (locative plural)
ķirzaka (singular vocative)
ķirzakas (plural vocative)

ķirzakas iznīcina kaitīgus kukaiņus

atšķirībā no zivīm ķirzakas galvu ar vidukli savieno kakls

unlike fish, lizards have a neck connecting the head to the waist

lizard (any reptile of the order Squamata)


leija

leija (nominative singular)
leijas (nominative plural)
leiju (accusative singular)
leijas (accusative plural)
leijas (genitive singular)
leiju (genitive plural)
leijai (dative singular)
leijām (dative plural)
leiju (instrumental singular)
leijām (instrumental plural)
leijā (locative singular)
leijās (locative plural)
leija (singular vocative)
leijas (plural vocative)

(dated, 19th century) lower part; alternative form of leja


arka

arka (nominative singular)
arkas (nominative plural)
arku (accusative singular)
arkas (accusative plural)
arkas (genitive singular)
arku (genitive plural)
arkai (dative singular)
arkām (dative plural)
arku (instrumental singular)
arkām (instrumental plural)
arkā (locative singular)
arkās (locative plural)
arka (singular vocative)
arkas (plural vocative)

Via some other European language, ultimately a borrowing from Latin arcus (“bow”), in feminine form (compare French arche (“bow”) and Late Latin arca, also ultimately from arcus).

loka arka

pusapļa arka

akmeņu arka

loga, durvju, vārtu arka

arkas cekuls

triumfa arka

dzelzceļa tilta varenās arkas

neredzēti līkumaini koki, kuru savijušās lapotnes veido dabiskas arkas

unseen cranked trees whose intertwined foliage forms natural arches

(architecture) arch (bow-shaped arrangement between two supports)


ekliptika

ekliptika (nominative singular)
ekliptikas (nominative plural)
ekliptiku (accusative singular)
ekliptikas (accusative plural)
ekliptikas (genitive singular)
ekliptiku (genitive plural)
ekliptikai (dative singular)
ekliptikām (dative plural)
ekliptiku (instrumental singular)
ekliptikām (instrumental plural)
ekliptikā (locative singular)
ekliptikās (locative plural)
ekliptika (singular vocative)
ekliptikas (plural vocative)

(astronomy) ecliptic (Earth's orbital plane)


protons

protons (nominative singular)
protoni (nominative plural)
protonu (accusative singular)
protonus (accusative plural)
protona (genitive singular)
protonu (genitive plural)
protonam (dative singular)
protoniem (dative plural)
protonu (instrumental singular)
protoniem (instrumental plural)
protonā (locative singular)
protonos (locative plural)
proton (singular vocative)
protoni (plural vocative)

protons un neitrons

protona masa

charged particle
charged particle#English

(physics) proton (positively charged particle in the atomic nucleus)


picas

inflection of pica:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


solu

inflection of sols:
accusative/instrumental singular


lingvisti

nominative/accusative plural of lingvists

accusative/instrumental singular of lingviste


maukas

inflection of mauka:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


metropole

metropole (nominative singular)
metropoles (nominative plural)
metropoli (accusative singular)
metropoles (accusative plural)
metropoles (genitive singular)
metropoļu (genitive plural)
metropolei (dative singular)
metropolēm (dative plural)
metropoli (instrumental singular)
metropolēm (instrumental plural)
metropolē (locative singular)
metropolēs (locative plural)
metropole (singular vocative)
metropoles (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek μητρόπολις (mētrópolis, “mother city”), from μήτηρ (mḗtēr, “mother”) + πόλις (pólis, “city (state)”).

der

(historical) metropolis (the mother city or country of a colony)


mieru

inflection of miers:
accusative/instrumental singular


anatomi

accusative/instrumental singular of anatome


sāls

lv-noun

sāls f or m (6th or 2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

sāls (nominative singular)
sālis (nominative plural)
sāli (accusative singular)
sālis (accusative plural)
sāls (genitive singular)
sāļu (genitive plural)
sālij (dative singular)
sālīm (dative plural)
sāli (instrumental singular)
sālīm (instrumental plural)
sālī (locative singular)
sālīs (locative plural)
sāls (singular vocative)
sālis (plural vocative)
sāls (nominative singular)
sāļi (nominative plural)
sāli (accusative singular)
sāļus (accusative plural)
sāļa (genitive singular)
sāļu (genitive plural)
sālim (dative singular)
sāļiem (dative plural)
sāli (instrumental singular)
sāļiem (instrumental plural)
sālī (locative singular)
sāļos (locative plural)
sāli (singular vocative)
sāļi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *sal-, *sāl-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sāˀlis, from Proto-Indo-European *sal-, *seh₂l- (“salt, sea salt”), perhaps related to the homophonous stem *sal- (“grayish, impure gray”).
In Latvian, both an i-stem (*salis) and an iyo-stem (*saliyos > *saliys > *salis) were formed, yielding present-day sāls, feminine, genitive sāls, and sāls, masculine, genitive sāļa. Cognates include Lithuanian sólymas (“salt water, brine”) (< *solis), Old Prussian sal, Old Church Slavonic соль (solĭ), Russian соль (solʹ), Ukrainian сіль (silʹ), genitive соли (soly), Bulgarian сол (sol), Czech sůl, Polish sól, Proto-Germanic *saltą (Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍄 (salt), Old High German salz, German Salz, English salt), Old Irish salann, Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls), genitive ἁλός (halós), Latin sāl, genitive sālis, Sanskrit सलिल (salilá, “salty”).

cog

vārāmais sāls

ēdieniem par maz sāls

salt (white crystalline substance — sodium chloride or NaCl — used for seasoning food)

fosforskābes sāls

sērskābes saļi jeb sulfāti

sulfuric acid salts, also known as sulphates

chemical reaction
chemical reaction#English

(chemistry) salt (result of a chemical reaction between an acid and a base)


tonna

tonna (nominative singular)
tonnas (nominative plural)
tonnu (accusative singular)
tonnas (accusative plural)
tonnas (genitive singular)
tonnu (genitive plural)
tonnai (dative singular)
tonnām (dative plural)
tonnu (instrumental singular)
tonnām (instrumental plural)
tonnā (locative singular)
tonnās (locative plural)
tonna (singular vocative)
tonnas (plural vocative)


optimists

lv-noun

optimists m (1st declension, feminine form: optimiste)

optimiste (feminine)
optimists (nominative singular)
optimisti (nominative plural)
optimistu (accusative singular)
optimistus (accusative plural)
optimista (genitive singular)
optimistu (genitive plural)
optimistam (dative singular)
optimistiem (dative plural)
optimistu (instrumental singular)
optimistiem (instrumental plural)
optimistā (locative singular)
optimistos (locative plural)
optimist (singular vocative)
optimisti (plural vocative)


laku

inflection of laka:
accusative/instrumental singular


motors

motors (nominative singular)
motori (nominative plural)
motoru (accusative singular)
motorus (accusative plural)
motora (genitive singular)
motoru (genitive plural)
motoram (dative singular)
motoriem (dative plural)
motoru (instrumental singular)
motoriem (instrumental plural)
motorā (locative singular)
motoros (locative plural)
motor (singular vocative)
motori (plural vocative)


pantera

pantera (nominative singular)
panteras (nominative plural)
panteru (accusative singular)
panteras (accusative plural)
panteras (genitive singular)
panteru (genitive plural)
panterai (dative singular)
panterām (dative plural)
panteru (instrumental singular)
panterām (instrumental plural)
panterā (locative singular)
panterās (locative plural)
pantera (singular vocative)
panteras (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin panthēra, from Ancient Greek πάνθηρ (pánthēr, “panther”).

der

melnā pantera

nesen gan ciemā esot ielavījusies pantera un nozagusi kādu bērnu

not long ago, they say a panther had attacked the village and stolen a child

Maksis ir lokans un spēcīgs kā pantera

Max is flexible and strong like a panther

panther (large cats of genera Panthera and Puma, especially leopards and cougars)


meloni

accusative/instrumental singular of melone