See un in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "un",
"4": "",
"5": "and"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German un (“and”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ir"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ir",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German un (“and”). It replaced, in this sense, the particle ir (compare Lithuanian ir, which still has the sense of “and”). Variants were und, unde and ind, in (these latter may have been influenced by ir, but ind also existed in Middle Low German). From the 18th century on, the form un gradually became dominant.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "conjunctions"
},
"expansion": "un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 4 41 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 15 29 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Didzis and Ilga stopped",
"text": "Didzis un Ilga apstājās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this is beautiful and expensive",
"text": "tas ir skaists un dārgs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "father is working and thinking",
"text": "tēvs strādā un domā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"additive conjunction used to link similar terms in a clause; and"
],
"id": "en-un-lv-conj-sSClTJFT",
"links": [
[
"additive",
"additive#English"
],
[
"conjunction",
"conjunction#English"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"similar",
"similar#English"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 15 29 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Lupatu Zeta laughed so heartily that tears filled her eyes and even Lupats leaned forward to listen",
"text": "Lupatu Zeta smējās tik sirsnīgi, ka asaras sakāpa acīs un pat Lupats pieliecās klausīties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(some) men came to father to talk... Annele liked to look what those men looked like and how they spoke",
"text": "pie tēva vīri atnāk uz runāšanu... Annelei patīk skatīties, kādi tie vīri un kā viņi runā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to link clauses within a sentence; and"
],
"id": "en-un-lv-conj-wco5GrIw",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#English"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 3 45 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 41 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 15 29 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the sun rises, and a new day begins",
"text": "uzlec saule, un sākas jauna diena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Annele shook her head, laughing, and all scarves were (= fell) off once more",
"text": "Annele papurināja smiedamās galvu, un visi lakati bija atkal nost",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Ansis had lost weight, grown rather yellow, (he looked) run down, and yet in his eyes there was also joy",
"text": "Ansis bija noliesējis gluži dzeltenīgs, nomocījis, un tomēr viņa acīs bija arī līksmība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in spring he became five years (old), and that was already quite a respectable age",
"text": "pavasarī viņam palika pieci gadi, un tas jau bija diezgan cienījams vecums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to link two independent clauses, indicating simultaneity, sequence, contrast, opposition, or comparison between them; and"
],
"id": "en-un-lv-conj-P-b0Xbdt",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"independent",
"independent#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"indicating",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"simultaneity",
"simultaneity#English"
],
[
"sequence",
"sequence#English"
],
[
"contrast",
"contrast#English"
],
[
"opposition",
"opposition#English"
],
[
"comparison",
"comparison#English"
],
[
"between",
"between#English"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 3 45 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 41 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 15 29 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "mother might tell everything... really everything? and Ģirts realized that recently many things had happened that he wouldn't tell mother...",
"text": "mātei varēja stāstīt visu... vai tiešām visu? un Ģirts atskārta, ka pēdējā laikā noticis daudz kas tāds, par ko viņš tomēr nestāstīs mātei...",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "remember how in Latvia this word sounds mysterious and tempting: California! and now a very favorable fate has brought you to legendary California",
"text": "atceries, cik Latvijā šis vārds skanēja noslēpumaini un vilinoši: Kalifornija! un tagad ļoti labvēlīgs liktenis tevi iespēlējis tieši teiksmainajā Kalifornijā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce an independent clause, linking it to the preceding context"
],
"id": "en-un-lv-conj-mjQId1DH",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"introduce",
"introduce#English"
],
[
"independent",
"independent#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"preceding",
"precede#English"
],
[
"context",
"context#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ùn]"
}
],
"word": "un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian conjunctions",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"Latvian terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Latvian words with falling intonation",
"Pages with 73 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "un",
"4": "",
"5": "and"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German un (“and”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ir"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ir",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German un (“and”). It replaced, in this sense, the particle ir (compare Lithuanian ir, which still has the sense of “and”). Variants were und, unde and ind, in (these latter may have been influenced by ir, but ind also existed in Middle Low German). From the 18th century on, the form un gradually became dominant.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "conjunctions"
},
"expansion": "un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Didzis and Ilga stopped",
"text": "Didzis un Ilga apstājās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this is beautiful and expensive",
"text": "tas ir skaists un dārgs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "father is working and thinking",
"text": "tēvs strādā un domā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"additive conjunction used to link similar terms in a clause; and"
],
"links": [
[
"additive",
"additive#English"
],
[
"conjunction",
"conjunction#English"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"similar",
"similar#English"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Lupatu Zeta laughed so heartily that tears filled her eyes and even Lupats leaned forward to listen",
"text": "Lupatu Zeta smējās tik sirsnīgi, ka asaras sakāpa acīs un pat Lupats pieliecās klausīties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(some) men came to father to talk... Annele liked to look what those men looked like and how they spoke",
"text": "pie tēva vīri atnāk uz runāšanu... Annelei patīk skatīties, kādi tie vīri un kā viņi runā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to link clauses within a sentence; and"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#English"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the sun rises, and a new day begins",
"text": "uzlec saule, un sākas jauna diena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Annele shook her head, laughing, and all scarves were (= fell) off once more",
"text": "Annele papurināja smiedamās galvu, un visi lakati bija atkal nost",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Ansis had lost weight, grown rather yellow, (he looked) run down, and yet in his eyes there was also joy",
"text": "Ansis bija noliesējis gluži dzeltenīgs, nomocījis, un tomēr viņa acīs bija arī līksmība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in spring he became five years (old), and that was already quite a respectable age",
"text": "pavasarī viņam palika pieci gadi, un tas jau bija diezgan cienījams vecums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to link two independent clauses, indicating simultaneity, sequence, contrast, opposition, or comparison between them; and"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"independent",
"independent#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"indicating",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"simultaneity",
"simultaneity#English"
],
[
"sequence",
"sequence#English"
],
[
"contrast",
"contrast#English"
],
[
"opposition",
"opposition#English"
],
[
"comparison",
"comparison#English"
],
[
"between",
"between#English"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "mother might tell everything... really everything? and Ģirts realized that recently many things had happened that he wouldn't tell mother...",
"text": "mātei varēja stāstīt visu... vai tiešām visu? un Ģirts atskārta, ka pēdējā laikā noticis daudz kas tāds, par ko viņš tomēr nestāstīs mātei...",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "remember how in Latvia this word sounds mysterious and tempting: California! and now a very favorable fate has brought you to legendary California",
"text": "atceries, cik Latvijā šis vārds skanēja noslēpumaini un vilinoši: Kalifornija! un tagad ļoti labvēlīgs liktenis tevi iespēlējis tieši teiksmainajā Kalifornijā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce an independent clause, linking it to the preceding context"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"introduce",
"introduce#English"
],
[
"independent",
"independent#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"preceding",
"precede#English"
],
[
"context",
"context#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ùn]"
}
],
"word": "un"
}
Download raw JSONL data for un meaning in Latvian (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.