See ciet in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "A reduced form of cieti, the adverbial form of ciets (“hard”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "adverb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ciet",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ciet",
"name": "lv-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 32 32 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"english": "eyes closed",
"text": "acis ciet",
"translation": "eyes closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "mouth closed! (= shut up!)",
"text": "muti ciet!",
"translation": "mouth closed! (= shut up!)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"english": "the doors and windows are closed",
"text": "logi un durvis ir ciet",
"translation": "the doors and windows are closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "the cabinet is closed",
"text": "skapis ir ciet",
"translation": "the cabinet is closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
27,
33
]
],
"english": "the post office is already closed",
"text": "pasts jau ir ciet",
"translation": "the post office is already closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"english": "the right ear is closed (= full of wax/plugged (as from a change in altitude during a flight, etc.))",
"text": "labā auss ir ciet",
"translation": "the right ear is closed (= full of wax/plugged (as from a change in altitude during a flight, etc.))",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"english": "the breath(ing) is closed (= difficult, heavy)",
"text": "elpa ciet",
"translation": "the breath(ing) is closed (= difficult, heavy)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"english": "“already closed!” she marveled, seeing the sealed envelope",
"text": "“jau ciet!” viņa brīnījās, redzēdama aizlipināto aploksni",
"translation": "“already closed!” she marveled, seeing the sealed envelope",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
39
]
],
"english": "now just (keep) your little mouths shut, my little ones",
"text": "tagad tikai mutītes ciet, mani mazie",
"translation": "now just (keep) your little mouths shut, my little ones",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
53,
57
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
73,
79
]
],
"english": "only twenty minutes till the train (departs), and the counter (is) still closed",
"text": "līdz vilcienam divdesmit minūtes laika, bet kase vēl ciet",
"translation": "only twenty minutes till the train (departs), and the counter (is) still closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
27
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
36,
42
]
],
"english": "after a big frost the river will be closed (= frozen)",
"text": "pēc lielā sala upe būs ciet",
"translation": "after a big frost the river will be closed (= frozen)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"english": "the school arsonist is closed (= has been arrested)",
"text": "skolas dedzinātājs ciet!",
"translation": "the school arsonist is closed (= has been arrested)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"closed, shut, sometimes also metaphorically"
],
"id": "en-ciet-lv-adv-uP8yCbrU",
"links": [
[
"usual",
"usual"
],
[
"copula",
"copula"
],
[
"būt",
"būt#Latvian"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"zu",
"zu#German"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"shut",
"shut"
],
[
"metaphor",
"metaphor"
]
],
"qualifier": "similar to German zu",
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually with the copula būt; similar to German zu) closed, shut, sometimes also metaphorically"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with the copula būt"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 3 16 16 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 32 32 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to shut the door",
"text": "taisīt durvis ciet",
"translation": "to shut the door",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "to close the gates",
"text": "vērt vārtus ciet",
"translation": "to close the gates",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
],
[
10,
17
]
],
"english": "to close, fill up the hole",
"text": "bāzt caurumu ciet",
"translation": "to close, fill up the hole",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
59
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
72,
76
]
],
"english": "Jānis didn't know what to do: go away to his room, lock the office door shut?",
"text": "Jānis nesaprata, ko darīt: iet prom savā istabā, slēgt ciet kancelejas durvis?",
"translation": "Jānis didn't know what to do: go away to his room, lock the office door shut?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
82,
86
]
],
"english": "his fingers fumbled nervously around the coat buckle, but he was unable to get it shut (= to buckle it up)",
"text": "pirksti nervozi taustījās ap mēteļa sprādzi, bet ciet to dabūt viņam tomēr neizdevās",
"translation": "his fingers fumbled nervously around the coat buckle, but he was unable to get it shut (= to buckle it up)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfective counterpart of the prefix aiz-, indicating that the object of the verb was closed, shut, or filled"
],
"id": "en-ciet-lv-adv-7kK0rCL0",
"links": [
[
"imperfective",
"imperfective#English"
],
[
"counterpart",
"counterpart#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"aiz-",
"aiz-#Latvian"
],
[
"indicating",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
],
[
"shut",
"shut#English"
],
[
"fill",
"fill#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 3 16 16 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 32 32 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"english": "Artūrs asked loud: “stop, just grab some girl”",
"text": "Artūrs skaļi noprasīja: “stāvi, grāb tikai kādu meiteni ciet”",
"translation": "Artūrs asked loud: “stop, just grab some girl”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "“just catch the jellyfish!” the captain admonished",
"text": "“ķer tik medūzas ciet!” kapteinis pamācīja",
"translation": "“just catch the jellyfish!” the captain admonished",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
68
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
56,
69
],
[
76,
84
]
],
"english": "only now did he manage to escape his wife, who kept him under control (lit. captured) all the time",
"text": "tikai tagad paspējis izrauties sievai, kas to visu laiku turēja ciet",
"translation": "only now did he manage to escape his wife, who kept him under control (lit. captured) all the time",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfective counterpart of the prefix sa-, indicating that the object of the verb was caught, captured, or bound"
],
"id": "en-ciet-lv-adv-8Owx0GfW",
"links": [
[
"imperfective",
"imperfective#English"
],
[
"counterpart",
"counterpart#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"sa-",
"sa-#Latvian"
],
[
"indicating",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"caught",
"catch#English"
],
[
"capture",
"capture#English"
],
[
"bound",
"bound#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 3 16 16 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 25 26 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 32 32 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "to slam the book shut",
"text": "aizsist grāmatu ciet",
"translation": "to slam the book shut",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"english": "to close one's eyes shut",
"text": "aizvērt acis ciet",
"translation": "to close one's eyes shut",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
24,
28
],
[
30,
38
]
],
"english": "to arrest (lit. to take shut, captured)",
"text": "saņemt ciet",
"translation": "to arrest (lit. to take shut, captured)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
60,
64
]
],
"english": "the snow had filled, covered the road (lit. pulled the road shut), how are we to proceed now?",
"text": "sniegi aizvelk ceļu ciet, kā lai tālāk iet?",
"translation": "the snow had filled, covered the road (lit. pulled the road shut), how are we to proceed now?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
55
]
],
"english": "Ozols was sprawling near me, clutching his knees with his hands",
"text": "Ozols man zvilnēja blakām, ceļgalus rokām satvēris ciet",
"translation": "Ozols was sprawling near me, clutching his knees with his hands",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used together with the prefixes aiz- or sa-, to reinforce their meanings"
],
"id": "en-ciet-lv-adv-JzEfXTi3",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"aiz-",
"aiz-#Latvian"
],
[
"sa-",
"sa-#Latvian"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce#English"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tsiɛ̂t]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-ciet.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Lv-riga-ciet.ogg/Lv-riga-ciet.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Lv-riga-ciet.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ciet"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian adverbs",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian imperfective aspect adverbs",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "A reduced form of cieti, the adverbial form of ciets (“hard”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "adverb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ciet",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ciet",
"name": "lv-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"english": "eyes closed",
"text": "acis ciet",
"translation": "eyes closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "mouth closed! (= shut up!)",
"text": "muti ciet!",
"translation": "mouth closed! (= shut up!)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"english": "the doors and windows are closed",
"text": "logi un durvis ir ciet",
"translation": "the doors and windows are closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "the cabinet is closed",
"text": "skapis ir ciet",
"translation": "the cabinet is closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
27,
33
]
],
"english": "the post office is already closed",
"text": "pasts jau ir ciet",
"translation": "the post office is already closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"english": "the right ear is closed (= full of wax/plugged (as from a change in altitude during a flight, etc.))",
"text": "labā auss ir ciet",
"translation": "the right ear is closed (= full of wax/plugged (as from a change in altitude during a flight, etc.))",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"english": "the breath(ing) is closed (= difficult, heavy)",
"text": "elpa ciet",
"translation": "the breath(ing) is closed (= difficult, heavy)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"english": "“already closed!” she marveled, seeing the sealed envelope",
"text": "“jau ciet!” viņa brīnījās, redzēdama aizlipināto aploksni",
"translation": "“already closed!” she marveled, seeing the sealed envelope",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
39
]
],
"english": "now just (keep) your little mouths shut, my little ones",
"text": "tagad tikai mutītes ciet, mani mazie",
"translation": "now just (keep) your little mouths shut, my little ones",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
53,
57
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
73,
79
]
],
"english": "only twenty minutes till the train (departs), and the counter (is) still closed",
"text": "līdz vilcienam divdesmit minūtes laika, bet kase vēl ciet",
"translation": "only twenty minutes till the train (departs), and the counter (is) still closed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
27
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
36,
42
]
],
"english": "after a big frost the river will be closed (= frozen)",
"text": "pēc lielā sala upe būs ciet",
"translation": "after a big frost the river will be closed (= frozen)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"english": "the school arsonist is closed (= has been arrested)",
"text": "skolas dedzinātājs ciet!",
"translation": "the school arsonist is closed (= has been arrested)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"closed, shut, sometimes also metaphorically"
],
"links": [
[
"usual",
"usual"
],
[
"copula",
"copula"
],
[
"būt",
"būt#Latvian"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"zu",
"zu#German"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"shut",
"shut"
],
[
"metaphor",
"metaphor"
]
],
"qualifier": "similar to German zu",
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually with the copula būt; similar to German zu) closed, shut, sometimes also metaphorically"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with the copula būt"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to shut the door",
"text": "taisīt durvis ciet",
"translation": "to shut the door",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "to close the gates",
"text": "vērt vārtus ciet",
"translation": "to close the gates",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
],
[
10,
17
]
],
"english": "to close, fill up the hole",
"text": "bāzt caurumu ciet",
"translation": "to close, fill up the hole",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
59
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
72,
76
]
],
"english": "Jānis didn't know what to do: go away to his room, lock the office door shut?",
"text": "Jānis nesaprata, ko darīt: iet prom savā istabā, slēgt ciet kancelejas durvis?",
"translation": "Jānis didn't know what to do: go away to his room, lock the office door shut?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
82,
86
]
],
"english": "his fingers fumbled nervously around the coat buckle, but he was unable to get it shut (= to buckle it up)",
"text": "pirksti nervozi taustījās ap mēteļa sprādzi, bet ciet to dabūt viņam tomēr neizdevās",
"translation": "his fingers fumbled nervously around the coat buckle, but he was unable to get it shut (= to buckle it up)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfective counterpart of the prefix aiz-, indicating that the object of the verb was closed, shut, or filled"
],
"links": [
[
"imperfective",
"imperfective#English"
],
[
"counterpart",
"counterpart#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"aiz-",
"aiz-#Latvian"
],
[
"indicating",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
],
[
"shut",
"shut#English"
],
[
"fill",
"fill#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"english": "Artūrs asked loud: “stop, just grab some girl”",
"text": "Artūrs skaļi noprasīja: “stāvi, grāb tikai kādu meiteni ciet”",
"translation": "Artūrs asked loud: “stop, just grab some girl”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "“just catch the jellyfish!” the captain admonished",
"text": "“ķer tik medūzas ciet!” kapteinis pamācīja",
"translation": "“just catch the jellyfish!” the captain admonished",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
68
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
56,
69
],
[
76,
84
]
],
"english": "only now did he manage to escape his wife, who kept him under control (lit. captured) all the time",
"text": "tikai tagad paspējis izrauties sievai, kas to visu laiku turēja ciet",
"translation": "only now did he manage to escape his wife, who kept him under control (lit. captured) all the time",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfective counterpart of the prefix sa-, indicating that the object of the verb was caught, captured, or bound"
],
"links": [
[
"imperfective",
"imperfective#English"
],
[
"counterpart",
"counterpart#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"sa-",
"sa-#Latvian"
],
[
"indicating",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"caught",
"catch#English"
],
[
"capture",
"capture#English"
],
[
"bound",
"bound#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "to slam the book shut",
"text": "aizsist grāmatu ciet",
"translation": "to slam the book shut",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"english": "to close one's eyes shut",
"text": "aizvērt acis ciet",
"translation": "to close one's eyes shut",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
24,
28
],
[
30,
38
]
],
"english": "to arrest (lit. to take shut, captured)",
"text": "saņemt ciet",
"translation": "to arrest (lit. to take shut, captured)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
60,
64
]
],
"english": "the snow had filled, covered the road (lit. pulled the road shut), how are we to proceed now?",
"text": "sniegi aizvelk ceļu ciet, kā lai tālāk iet?",
"translation": "the snow had filled, covered the road (lit. pulled the road shut), how are we to proceed now?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
55
]
],
"english": "Ozols was sprawling near me, clutching his knees with his hands",
"text": "Ozols man zvilnēja blakām, ceļgalus rokām satvēris ciet",
"translation": "Ozols was sprawling near me, clutching his knees with his hands",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used together with the prefixes aiz- or sa-, to reinforce their meanings"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"aiz-",
"aiz-#Latvian"
],
[
"sa-",
"sa-#Latvian"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce#English"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tsiɛ̂t]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-ciet.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Lv-riga-ciet.ogg/Lv-riga-ciet.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Lv-riga-ciet.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ciet"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciet meaning in Latvian (9.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (c8bd62c and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.