"-ība" meaning in Latvian

See -ība in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-, from a stem *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”), first applied to i-stems, from which it incorporated the stem-final i, and then spread to other stem classes. Cognates include Lithuanian -yba (cf. tikýba (“belief, faith”)), Lithuanian -ybė, Proto-Slavic *-ьba. Etymology templates: {{uder|lv|ine-bsl-pro|*-ība}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība, {{uder|lv|ine-pro|*bʰh₂-o-}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-, {{m|ine-pro|*bʰeh₂-||to shine}} *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”), {{cog|lt|-yba}} Lithuanian -yba, {{m|lt|tikýba||belief, faith}} tikýba (“belief, faith”), {{cog|lt|-ybė}} Lithuanian -ybė, {{cog|sla-pro|*-ьba}} Proto-Slavic *-ьba Head templates: {{head|lv|suffix|head=|sort=}} -ība, {{lv-suffix}} -ība
  1. Added to adjectives (sometimes to nouns) to form abstract nouns, especially those referring to the state or property that corresponds to the original adjective (like, e.g., Eng. -ity). Tags: morpheme

Download JSON data for -ība meaning in Latvian (2.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*-ība"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰh₂-o-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*bʰeh₂-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shine"
      },
      "expansion": "*bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-yba"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -yba",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "tikýba",
        "3": "",
        "4": "belief, faith"
      },
      "expansion": "tikýba (“belief, faith”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-ybė"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -ybė",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ьba"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьba",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-, from a stem *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”), first applied to i-stems, from which it incorporated the stem-final i, and then spread to other stem classes. Cognates include Lithuanian -yba (cf. tikýba (“belief, faith”)), Lithuanian -ybė, Proto-Slavic *-ьba.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ība",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ība",
      "name": "lv-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LG",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to adjectives (sometimes to nouns) to form abstract nouns, especially those referring to the state or property that corresponds to the original adjective (like, e.g., Eng. -ity)."
      ],
      "id": "en--ība-lv-suffix-M7IXZMsi",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ity",
          "-ity#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ība"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*-ība"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰh₂-o-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*bʰeh₂-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shine"
      },
      "expansion": "*bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-yba"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -yba",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "tikýba",
        "3": "",
        "4": "belief, faith"
      },
      "expansion": "tikýba (“belief, faith”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-ybė"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -ybė",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ьba"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьba",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-, from a stem *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”), first applied to i-stems, from which it incorporated the stem-final i, and then spread to other stem classes. Cognates include Lithuanian -yba (cf. tikýba (“belief, faith”)), Lithuanian -ybė, Proto-Slavic *-ьba.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ība",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ība",
      "name": "lv-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latvian etymologies from LG",
        "Latvian lemmas",
        "Latvian suffixes",
        "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latvian undefined derivations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to adjectives (sometimes to nouns) to form abstract nouns, especially those referring to the state or property that corresponds to the original adjective (like, e.g., Eng. -ity)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ity",
          "-ity#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ība"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.