bole

bole (nominative singular)
boles (nominative plural)
boli (accusative singular)
boles (accusative plural)
boles (genitive singular)
boļu (genitive plural)
bolei (dative singular)
bolēm (dative plural)
boli (instrumental singular)
bolēm (instrumental plural)
bolē (locative singular)
bolēs (locative plural)
bole (singular vocative)
boles (plural vocative)

From English bowl, probably via German Bowle. Alternative historical forms: bols. First attested use to mean a bowl for making punch – 1880. First attested use to refer to the beverage itself – 1886.

zemeņu bole – strawberry punch

boles trauks – punch bowl

punch (drink made of wine, diluted with juices, syrups and fruit, often with added cognac or rhum)


soma

soma (nominative singular)
somas (nominative plural)
somu (accusative singular)
somas (accusative plural)
somas (genitive singular)
somu (genitive plural)
somai (dative singular)
somām (dative plural)
somu (instrumental singular)
somām (instrumental plural)
somā (locative singular)
somās (locative plural)
soma (singular vocative)
somas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.

ķengura soma

(biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)


maks

maks (nominative singular)
maki (nominative plural)
maku (accusative singular)
makus (accusative plural)
maka (genitive singular)
maku (genitive plural)
makam (dative singular)
makiem (dative plural)
maku (instrumental singular)
makiem (instrumental plural)
makā (locative singular)
makos (locative plural)
mak (singular vocative)
maki (plural vocative)

From the same source as maksts (q.v.): Proto-Baltic *mak-, from Proto-Indo-European *mak- (“small (leather) bag or pouch”). Cognates include Lithuanian mãkas, Old Prussian dantimax (“gums”) (dantis (“tooth”)), Old Church Slavonic мошьна (mošĭna), Russian мошна́ (mošná, “small bag or pouch”), Old High German maga, German Magen (“stomach”).

cog

dokumentu maks

bultu maks

tabakas maks, tabakmaks

naudas maks, naudasmaks

(naudas)maks ar vairākiem nodalījumiem

ielikt (naudas)makā naudu

to put money in (one's) wallet (= money pouch)

vecais izvilka pīpi, tabakas maku un ietaisīja dūmu

the old man pulled his pipe out, took (his) tobacco pouch and made some smoke

bārdama bija novērojusi Nātiņu kā jautrās sabiedrības saimnieku, kas pārvalda maku, no kura tiek maksāts

the bartender had observed Nātiņš as the host of a fun company (of people) who controlled the bag from which (everybody) was paid

little purse, wallet, pouch (small bag-like object without a handle, usually carried in the pocket or in a purse, for keeping small objects, especially paper money or coins)


stops

stops (nominative singular)
stopi (nominative plural)
stopu (accusative singular)
stopus (accusative plural)
stopa (genitive singular)
stopu (genitive plural)
stopam (dative singular)
stopiem (dative plural)
stopu (instrumental singular)
stopiem (instrumental plural)
stopā (locative singular)
stopos (locative plural)
stop (singular vocative)
stopi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verb stiept (“to stretch, to pull”) (q.v.); the original meaning was probably “(something) stretched,” “(something) made tight by stretching.”

stopu gatavošana prasīja daudz darba un pacietības

the making of a crossbow demanded much work and patience

Griģis veikli rīkojās ar stopu, un viņa bultas droši skrēja mērķim pretī

Griģis quickly acted with (his) crossbow, and his arrows surely flew toward the goal

crossbow (an old mechanical weapon based on the bow and arrows, used to shoot bolts)


muca

muca (nominative singular)
mucas (nominative plural)
mucu (accusative singular)
mucas (accusative plural)
mucas (genitive singular)
mucu (genitive plural)
mucai (dative singular)
mucām (dative plural)
mucu (instrumental singular)
mucām (instrumental plural)
mucā (locative singular)
mucās (locative plural)
muca (singular vocative)
mucas (plural vocative)


spainis

spainis (nominative singular)
spaiņi (nominative plural)
spaini (accusative singular)
spaiņus (accusative plural)
spaiņa (genitive singular)
spaiņu (genitive plural)
spainim (dative singular)
spaiņiem (dative plural)
spaini (instrumental singular)
spaiņiem (instrumental plural)
spainī (locative singular)
spaiņos (locative plural)
spaini (singular vocative)
spaiņi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”), likely from the same ultimate source as English span, similar to Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”).
This generated the dialectal form spanis, spannis; in Kurzeme, also *spandis > spaņģis (with ģ probably from genitive *spandya); compare Lithuanian dialectal forms spandis, spañgis (possibly borrowings from Kurzeme dialects).
Two explanations have been proposed for the irregular ai (instead of an(n)) in the literary form:
* influence from dialectal (Kurzeme) *spainis, a variant of spailis, spails (“set of fishing equipment”), at first in Kurzeme, and later on spreading to other dialects; or a contamination between an earlier form *span(n)is and Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”),
* or its Ewe dialectal synonym paenas, paenal.
The borrowing is first mentioned as spanis, spannis in 17th-century dictionaries; by the end of that century, the variant spainis is also attested. In the first Bible translations one finds spaņģis. The literary form spainis progressed slowly: in the 19th century, J. Alunāns still used spannis, spanis; in dictionaries from the 1870s and 1880s, spainis was only a variant. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did spainis begin to dominate, when spannis, spanis was perceived (and avoided) as a Germanism.

cog

piena spainis

emaljēts spainis

nest ūdeni ar spaiņiem

koka, alumīnija, plastmasas spainis

bucket, pail (cylindrical metal, wooden, or plastic container with a handle)


maisiņš

maisiņš (nominative singular)
maisiņi (nominative plural)
maisiņu (accusative singular)
maisiņus (accusative plural)
maisiņa (genitive singular)
maisiņu (genitive plural)
maisiņam (dative singular)
maisiņiem (dative plural)
maisiņu (instrumental singular)
maisiņiem (instrumental plural)
maisiņā (locative singular)
maisiņos (locative plural)
maisiņ (singular vocative)
maisiņi (plural vocative)


maiss

maiss (nominative singular)
maisi (nominative plural)
maisu (accusative singular)
maisus (accusative plural)
maisa (genitive singular)
maisu (genitive plural)
maisam (dative singular)
maisiem (dative plural)
maisu (instrumental singular)
maisiem (instrumental plural)
maisā (locative singular)
maisos (locative plural)
mais (singular vocative)
maisi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *maiš-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *maišás, from Proto-Indo-European *moysós, *moi-sḱo- (“sheep; skin”).
Cognates include Lithuanian maĩšas (“sack”), Old Prussian moasis (mōsis, “bellows”) (from *mōi- from *mai-), Old Church Slavonic мѣхъ (měxŭ, “bag”), Russian мех (mex, “fur, bellows”), Czech měch (“sack, bellows”), Polish miech (“sack, bellows”), Old Norse meiss (“basket”), Old High German meisa (“pannier”), Middle Low German meise (“keg, barrel”), Sanskrit मेष (meṣa, “ram, sheep; sheepskin, fur”).

cog

audekla, papīra maiss

tukšs, pilns, caurs mais

iebērt maisā miltus

miltu, cukura maisi

sabērt pagrabā desmit maisu kartupeļu

to pour, store ten sacks of potatoes in the basement

sack, bag (container made of cloth, plastic, paper, etc. for transportation or storage)


rokassoma

rokassoma (nominative singular)
rokassomas (nominative plural)
rokassomu (accusative singular)
rokassomas (accusative plural)
rokassomas (genitive singular)
rokassomu (genitive plural)
rokassomai (dative singular)
rokassomām (dative plural)
rokassomu (instrumental singular)
rokassomām (instrumental plural)
rokassomā (locative singular)
rokassomās (locative plural)
rokassoma (singular vocative)
rokassomas (plural vocative)

From rokas (“hand[gen.]”) + soma (“bag”).

es esmu aizmirsusi rokassomu mašīnā


mugursoma

mugursoma (nominative singular)
mugursomas (nominative plural)
mugursomu (accusative singular)
mugursomas (accusative plural)
mugursomas (genitive singular)
mugursomu (genitive plural)
mugursomai (dative singular)
mugursomām (dative plural)
mugursomu (instrumental singular)
mugursomām (instrumental plural)
mugursomā (locative singular)
mugursomās (locative plural)
mugursoma (singular vocative)
mugursomas (plural vocative)

brezenta mugursoma

skolēnu mugursomas

izturīga mugursoma

mugursomas siknas

salikt mantas mugursomā

tūristi ar mugursomām plecos

tourists with backpacks on (their) shoulders

backpack, knapsack, rucksack (bag with straps carried on one's back)


koferis

koferis (nominative singular)
koferi (nominative plural)
koferi (accusative singular)
koferus (accusative plural)
kofera (genitive singular)
koferu (genitive plural)
koferim (dative singular)
koferiem (dative plural)
koferi (instrumental singular)
koferiem (instrumental plural)
koferī (locative singular)
koferos (locative plural)
koferi (singular vocative)
koferi (plural vocative)

ādas, koka, kartona koferis

ar koferi pie rokas

Egle noguris atsēdās uz gultas, kamēr Herta izkravāja koferi

Egle, tired, sat down on the bed, while Herta unpacked the suitcase

suitcase, trunk (rectangular, chest-like piece of luggage for carrying clothes)


ceļasoma

ceļasoma (nominative singular)
ceļasomas (nominative plural)
ceļasomu (accusative singular)
ceļasomas (accusative plural)
ceļasomas (genitive singular)
ceļasomu (genitive plural)
ceļasomai (dative singular)
ceļasomām (dative plural)
ceļasomu (instrumental singular)
ceļasomām (instrumental plural)
ceļasomā (locative singular)
ceļasomās (locative plural)
ceļasoma (singular vocative)
ceļasomas (plural vocative)

From ceļa (“path, road[gen.]”) + soma (“bag”).

compound

neliela, ērta ceļasoma

ņemt līdzi vairākas ceļasoma

sieva atvēra ceļasomas un iekarināja skapī manas drēbes un kreklus

(my) wife opened the suitcases and hung my clothes and shirts in the wardrobe

traveling bag, suitcase (a bag, usually large, used for traveling)


čemodāns

čemodāns (nominative singular)
čemodāni (nominative plural)
čemodānu (accusative singular)
čemodānus (accusative plural)
čemodāna (genitive singular)
čemodānu (genitive plural)
čemodānam (dative singular)
čemodāniem (dative plural)
čemodānu (instrumental singular)
čemodāniem (instrumental plural)
čemodānā (locative singular)
čemodānos (locative plural)
čemodān (singular vocative)
čemodāni (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian чемода́н (čemodán), ultimately from Persian جامهدان (jâme-dân, “suitcase”).

ādas čemodāns

vecs koka čemodāns

smags čemodāns

čemodāna atslēga

nest čemodānu

nodot čemodānu bagāžā

to check in a suitcase (lit. to give it to the luggage)


termoss

termoss (nominative singular)
termosi (nominative plural)
termosu (accusative singular)
termosus (accusative plural)
termosa (genitive singular)
termosu (genitive plural)
termosam (dative singular)
termosiem (dative plural)
termosu (instrumental singular)
termosiem (instrumental plural)
termosā (locative singular)
termosos (locative plural)
termos (singular vocative)
termosi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Thermos, a trademarked name, from Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós, “warm”).

stikla, alumīnija termoss

zupa termoss

termosa pudele, termospudele

nāk Dzintris ar kafijas termosu

thermos (flask with double walls between which there is a vacuum, used to keep something (usually food or liquid at a desired temperature)


termospudele

termospudele (nominative singular)
termospudeles (nominative plural)
termospudeli (accusative singular)
termospudeles (accusative plural)
termospudeles (genitive singular)
termospudeļu (genitive plural)
termospudelei (dative singular)
termospudelēm (dative plural)
termospudeli (instrumental singular)
termospudelēm (instrumental plural)
termospudelē (locative singular)
termospudelēs (locative plural)
termospudele (singular vocative)
termospudeles (plural vocative)

From termosa (“thermos[gen.]”) + pudele (“bottle”).

spīdīga termospudele atskrūvēta un nolikta stāvus

a shiny thermos bottle unscrewed and placed upright


pudele

pudele (nominative singular)
pudeles (nominative plural)
pudeli (accusative singular)
pudeles (accusative plural)
pudeles (genitive singular)
pudeļu (genitive plural)
pudelei (dative singular)
pudelēm (dative plural)
pudeli (instrumental singular)
pudelēm (instrumental plural)
pudelē (locative singular)
pudelēs (locative plural)
pudele (singular vocative)
pudeles (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German buddel, itself borrowed from French bouteille, from Late Latin buticula, the diminutive form of buttis (“barrel”), from Ancient Greek βοῦθις (boûthis, “barrel”). The word is first mentioned as budele in 18th-century dictionaries; the current form (with b > p, perhaps under Livonian influence, but also perhaps a dialectal feature) became popular in the 19th century. Another form butele, found in some dialects, is apparently an independent loan, from Baltic German buttel, from which also Russian буты́лка (butýlka).

der

stikla, papīra pudele

piena, alus, vīna pudele

graduēta pudele

pudeles kakls

pudeles vēders

pudeļu stikls

pudeļu laka

skalot pudeles

ieliet pudelē ūdeni

termosa pudele, termospudele

Arturs atkorķēja pudeli un nolika to uz galda

Arturs opened the bottle and put it on the table

bottle (container with a tapered top for storing liquids)


glāze

glāze (nominative singular)
glāzes (nominative plural)
glāzi (accusative singular)
glāzes (accusative plural)
glāzes (genitive singular)
glāžu (genitive plural)
glāzei (dative singular)
glāzēm (dative plural)
glāzi (instrumental singular)
glāzēm (instrumental plural)
glāzē (locative singular)
glāzēs (locative plural)
glāze (singular vocative)
glāzes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch glas or Middle Low German glas (“glass (material; container)”). The Germanic term probably meant originally “amber” (a meaning still attested in Old High German), and only later “glass.” The borrowing is first mentioned in 17th-century Latvian dictionaries (though the family name Glāznieks is already attested in Kurzeme in the 16th century). Up until the 19th century, glāze meant both the material and the container; by the late 19th century on, these two meanings had already been split between glāze and stikls.

vīna, alus glāze

kristāla glāzes

krāsaina stikla glāzes

ieliet limonādi glāzēs

tēvs paņem vīna pudeli un piepilda glāzes

father takes the wine bottle and fills the glasses

glass (small, usually cylindrical container for liquids, from which one drinks)


bļoda

bļoda (nominative singular)
bļodas (nominative plural)
bļodu (accusative singular)
bļodas (accusative plural)
bļodas (genitive singular)
bļodu (genitive plural)
bļodai (dative singular)
bļodām (dative plural)
bļodu (instrumental singular)
bļodām (instrumental plural)
bļodā (locative singular)
bļodās (locative plural)
bļoda (singular vocative)
bļodas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic блюдо (bljudo, “table, dish”) (cf. Belarusian блю́да (bljúda, “plate, dish”), Russian блю́до (bljúdo, “dish, food”)), itself a borrowing from Germanic (cf. Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌸𐍃 (biuþs, “table”)). In Latvian, the borrowing must be old (from before the 13th century), as attested by the presence of o ([uo]) in it.

cog

mazgājamā bļoda

palikusi mazgājamo bļodu zem krāna, Ilga skatās, kā lēni plūst ūdens

having placed the washing basin under the faucet, Ilga watched as the water slowly flew (in)


krūze

krūze (nominative singular)
krūzes (nominative plural)
krūzi (accusative singular)
krūzes (accusative plural)
krūzes (genitive singular)
krūžu (genitive plural)
krūzei (dative singular)
krūzēm (dative plural)
krūzi (instrumental singular)
krūzēm (instrumental plural)
krūzē (locative singular)
krūzēs (locative plural)
krūze (singular vocative)
krūzes (plural vocative)


aploksne

aploksne (nominative singular)
aploksnes (nominative plural)
aploksni (accusative singular)
aploksnes (accusative plural)
aploksnes (genitive singular)
aplokšņu (genitive plural)
aploksnei (dative singular)
aploksnēm (dative plural)
aploksni (instrumental singular)
aploksnēm (instrumental plural)
aploksnē (locative singular)
aploksnēs (locative plural)
aploksne (singular vocative)
aploksnes (plural vocative)

Derived from the present stem aplok- of aplocīt (“to wrap around”), itself from ap- + locīt (“to fold, to bend”), + -ne, with an intermediate epenthetic s. The word was coined at the end of the 19th century but only became popular in the 20th century, replacing the earlier borrowing kuverts.

aizlīmēt aploksni

atplēst aploksni

aizzīmogota aploksne

aploksne ar marku

uzrakstīt uz aploksnes adresi

uz galda stāvēja divas aploksnes ar simt divdesmit kronām katrā

on the table there were two envelopes, each with 120 kronas

viņš atrada uz sava galda vēstuli... tā kā mājās pasts nāca reti, viņš ar sevišķu interesi aplūkoja zilgano aploksni

he found a letter on his table... since the mail came only rarely home, he looked with particular interest at the blue envelope

envelope (paper or cardboard container for letters, documents, and similar flat objects, often to be sent by mail)


naudasmaks

naudasmaks (nominative singular)
naudasmaki (nominative plural)
naudasmaku (accusative singular)
naudasmakus (accusative plural)
naudasmaka (genitive singular)
naudasmaku (genitive plural)
naudasmakam (dative singular)
naudasmakiem (dative plural)
naudasmaku (instrumental singular)
naudasmakiem (instrumental plural)
naudasmakā (locative singular)
naudasmakos (locative plural)
naudasmak (singular vocative)
naudasmaki (plural vocative)

From naudas (“money[gen.]”) + maks (“bag, pouch”).

compound

Ja krietnākie darba darītāji prēmijās saņems simt vai pat četrsimt rubļu, tādu papildinājumu naudasmaks jūt

if the more serious employees receive even 400 roubles as a premium, (their) wallet feels this addition

wallet (small container, often made of leather, for keeping money, cards, etc., usually carried in one's pocket or in a purse)


tabakmaks

tabakmaks (nominative singular)
tabakmaki (nominative plural)
tabakmaku (accusative singular)
tabakmakus (accusative plural)
tabakmaka (genitive singular)
tabakmaku (genitive plural)
tabakmakam (dative singular)
tabakmakiem (dative plural)
tabakmaku (instrumental singular)
tabakmakiem (instrumental plural)
tabakmakā (locative singular)
tabakmakos (locative plural)
tabakmak (singular vocative)
tabakmaki (plural vocative)

From tabakas (“tobacco[gen.]”) + maks (“bag, pouch”).

Kaspars sameklēja pīpi, ilgi čamdījās pa kabatām, meklēdams tabakmaku, bet, neatradis to, noglabāja pīpi kabatā

Kaspars found his pipe and felt around in his pockets, looking for (his) tobacco pouch, then, not having found it, he put his pipe back in his pocket

dāvāja Viņauku Mārtiņam kāda meita tabakmaku skaistiem vilnas pušķiem aizvelkamās aukliņas galos

some girl had given Mārtiņš Vinauks a tobacco pouch with beautiful woollen ends in its drawstring

tobacco pouch (small bag or pouch for keeping tobacco)


mēģene

mēģene (nominative singular)
mēģenes (nominative plural)
mēģeni (accusative singular)
mēģenes (accusative plural)
mēģenes (genitive singular)
mēģeņu (genitive plural)
mēģenei (dative singular)
mēģenēm (dative plural)
mēģeni (instrumental singular)
mēģenēm (instrumental plural)
mēģenē (locative singular)
mēģenēs (locative plural)
mēģene (singular vocative)
mēģenes (plural vocative)


vāze

vāze (nominative singular)
vāzes (nominative plural)
vāzi (accusative singular)
vāzes (accusative plural)
vāzes (genitive singular)
vāžu (genitive plural)
vāzei (dative singular)
vāzēm (dative plural)
vāzi (instrumental singular)
vāzēm (instrumental plural)
vāzē (locative singular)
vāzēs (locative plural)
vāze (singular vocative)
vāzes (plural vocative)


zārks

zārks (nominative singular)
zārki (nominative plural)
zārku (accusative singular)
zārkus (accusative plural)
zārka (genitive singular)
zārku (genitive plural)
zārkam (dative singular)
zārkiem (dative plural)
zārku (instrumental singular)
zārkiem (instrumental plural)
zārkā (locative singular)
zārkos (locative plural)
zārk (singular vocative)
zārki (plural vocative)