sniegavīrs

sniegavīrs (nominative singular)
sniegavīri (nominative plural)
sniegavīru (accusative singular)
sniegavīrus (accusative plural)
sniegavīra (genitive singular)
sniegavīru (genitive plural)
sniegavīram (dative singular)
sniegavīriem (dative plural)
sniegavīru (instrumental singular)
sniegavīriem (instrumental plural)
sniegavīrā (locative singular)
sniegavīros (locative plural)
sniegavīr (singular vocative)
sniegavīri (plural vocative)

From sniega (“snow gen.”) + vīrs (“man”).

Eiropā sniegavīru biežak veido trīsdaļīgu

in Europe snowmen are usually made with three parts

snowman (a human-like figure made of snow)


rasa

rasa (nominative singular)
rasu (accusative singular)
rasas (genitive singular)
rasai (dative singular)
rasu (instrumental singular)
rasā (locative singular)
rasa (singular vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rasā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁róseh₂. Cognates include Sanskrit रस (rása, “juice, liquid”), रसा (rásā, “moisture, humidity”), Latin rōs, Russian роса́ (rosá).

viegla rasas migla nokārās pār visu ciemu

a light drizzle lowered its mist over the whole village


lietus

lietus (nominative singular)
lieti (nominative plural)
lietu (accusative singular)
lietus (accusative plural)
lietus (genitive singular)
lietu (genitive plural)
lietum (dative singular)
lietiem (dative plural)
lietu (instrumental singular)
lietiem (instrumental plural)
lietū (locative singular)
lietos (locative plural)
lietus (singular vocative)
lieti (plural vocative)

From the same stem as Latvian liet (“to pour”) and līt (“to flow, to stream, to rain”) (q.v.), made into a masculine third declension noun (with ending -us); from Proto-Balto-Slavic *l(e/o)ʔi-, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ley- (“to flow, pour, stream; to glide, slip, be slippery”). Cognates include Lithuanian lietùs (“rain”), lytùs, líeti (“to pour”), laĩvas (“ship”), and likely the names of Latvia and Lithuania. More distantly related are Old Church Slavonic лити (liti, “to pour”) (< Proto-Slavic *lìti), Albanian lisë (“I pour”), Proto-Germanic *līþu (“cider ~ liquor”), Proto-Celtic *liyeti (“to flow”), Ancient Greek ἄλεισον (áleison, “wine container”), and perhaps λάταξ (látax, “drop”), Old Irish laith (“liquid; ale, liquor”) (< Proto-Celtic *lati-), Latin litus (“shore, beach”), and various descendants of Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="lv">-us</i>

cog

pavasara lietus

garie rudens lietus

spēcīgs lietus

īslaicīgs lietus

Lietus bungo pa jumtu.

Lietus līst.

Lietus līņā, smidzina.

lietus ūdens

lietus lāses

Lietus pil no jumta.

The rain(water) is dripping from the roof.

lietus mākoņi

lietus mētelis, lietusmētelis

Caur pelēcīgo lietus plīvuru parādās kravas automobilis.

Through the grayish veil of rain a truck (lit. cargo automobile) appeared.

Viņi bija lietū ieecējuši auzas.

They had begun to harrow the oats in the rain (= while it was raining).


auka

auka (nominative singular)
aukas (nominative plural)
auku (accusative singular)
aukas (accusative plural)
aukas (genitive singular)
auku (genitive plural)
aukai (dative singular)
aukām (dative plural)
auku (instrumental singular)
aukām (instrumental plural)
aukā (locative singular)
aukās (locative plural)
auka (singular vocative)
aukas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *auk-, from Proto-Indo-European stem *ewk-, *owk-, *ūk-, from an onomatopoeic * ew, *ow with an extra k (common in derivations of onomatopoeic words; cf. Russian у (u) “uh!” and the derived verb укать (ukatʹ)). Cognates include Lithuanian áukterti (“to howl”), Old Prussian aukis (“vulture”) (probably from “noisy, screeming bird,” maybe from “storm bird”), Russian аукать (aukatʹ, “to howl”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐍉𐌽 (auhjōn, “to make noise”).

auka plosās

rudens aukas

cīņu aukas

atvairīdams aukas brāzienus, iegaudojas mežs

the forest is howling, repelling the gale blows

gale (strong wind that does not reach the level of a storm; also figuratively)


sarma

sarma (nominative singular)
sarmas (nominative plural)
sarmu (accusative singular)
sarmas (accusative plural)
sarmas (genitive singular)
sarmu (genitive plural)
sarmai (dative singular)
sarmām (dative plural)
sarmu (instrumental singular)
sarmām (instrumental plural)
sarmā (locative singular)
sarmās (locative plural)
sarma (singular vocative)
sarmas (plural vocative)

sarmas klāti koki

graudainā sarma

kristāliskā sarma

frost (thin ice crystals that form on plant leaves, twigs, or also on wires, cables, etc. when the air temperature is below the freezing point)


vētra

vētra (nominative singular)
vētras (nominative plural)
vētru (accusative singular)
vētras (accusative plural)
vētras (genitive singular)
vētru (genitive plural)
vētrai (dative singular)
vētrām (dative plural)
vētru (instrumental singular)
vētrām (instrumental plural)
vētrā (locative singular)
vētrās (locative plural)
vētra (singular vocative)
vētras (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *wēˀtrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow, to breathe”) (whence also vējš (“wind”), q.v.), with an extra suffix -trā with agent meaning (“one who blows”). Cognates include Lithuanian vė́tra, Old Prussian wetro ([vētro], “wind”), Proto-Slavic *větrъ (Old Church Slavonic вѣтръ (větrŭ, “wind”), Russian ве́тер (véter, “wind”), Belarusian ве́цер (vjécjer), Ukrainian ві́тер (víter), Bulgarian вя́тър (vjátǎr), Czech vítr, Polish wiatr), Proto-Germanic *wedrą (Old Norse veðr, Old High German wetar, Old English weder (“wind, weather”), German Wetter, English weather).

cog

pavasara vētra

vētras kauciens

vētras nakts

iekļūt vētrā

iet bojā vētrā

sniega vētra

smilšu vētra

magnētiskā vētra

Helēna zināja, ka dzintars nāk krastā līdz ar vētru; un iepriekšējā naktī vējš bija trakojis

Helēna knew that amber comes ashore with a storm; and the previous night the wind had raged

storm (very strong wind (up to 30 m/s) which causes strong waves and land damage)


gāze

gāze (nominative singular)
gāzes (nominative plural)
gāzi (accusative singular)
gāzes (accusative plural)
gāzes (genitive singular)
gāžu (genitive plural)
gāzei (dative singular)
gāzēm (dative plural)
gāzi (instrumental singular)
gāzēm (instrumental plural)
gāzē (locative singular)
gāzēs (locative plural)
gāze (singular vocative)
gāzes (plural vocative)

Apparently cognate with gāzt (“to topple over, to cause to fall down”).


vējš

vējš (nominative singular)
vēji (nominative plural)
vēju (accusative singular)
vējus (accusative plural)
vēja (genitive singular)
vēju (genitive plural)
vējam (dative singular)
vējiem (dative plural)
vēju (instrumental singular)
vējiem (instrumental plural)
vējā (locative singular)
vējos (locative plural)
vēj (singular vocative)
vēji (plural vocative)

From an earlier (still dialectally attested) vējs, from Proto-Baltic *wēyas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- “to blow, to extinguish,” with an extra -yo. There also was, from the same stem, a verb *vēt (“to blow”), of which causative-iterative forms still remain (vēdīt, vēdināt). Cognates include Lithuanian vė́jas, Sudovian wiis ([vijs] < *[vejs], “storm”), Old Church Slavonic вѣꙗти (vějati, “to blow”), Russian ве́ять (véjatʹ, “to blow, to winnow”), Bulgarian ве́е (vée, “to blow”), Czech váti (< *vějati), Polish wiać, Proto-Germanic *wēaną (Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (waian), Old High German wājen, wāen, German wehen), Sanskrit वाति (vā́yati, “to disappear, to be erased”) (< “to blow (wind)”), वायु (vāyú, “wind, air”), वाति (vā́ti, “to blow”), वात (vā́ta, “wind”).

lēns vējš

vakara vējš, vakarvējš

viegls, mērens, stiprs vējš

brāzmains vējš

vēja ātrums

vēja virziens

ziemeļu, austrumu vējš

auksts, dzestrs, silts vējš

svelmains vējš

sauss, skaudrs vējš

vēja enerģija

vēja motors, ģenerators

vēja stikls, vējstikls

valdošais vējš

saules vējš

pa vējam

pret vēju

vējā lokēs koki

skrien kā vējš

ass vējš pūta, un jūra kauca un krāca visapkārt

a sharp wind was blowing, and the sea grumbled and howled all around

laiks turējās silts un bez vēja, rasa nenkrita ne dienu, ne nakti

the weather remained warm and without wind, there was no dew neither during the day nor during the night

wind (air in motion due to uneven atmospheric pressure)


sniegs

sniegs (nominative singular)
sniegi (nominative plural)
sniegu (accusative singular)
sniegus (accusative plural)
sniega (genitive singular)
sniegu (genitive plural)
sniegam (dative singular)
sniegiem (dative plural)
sniegu (instrumental singular)
sniegiem (instrumental plural)
sniegā (locative singular)
sniegos (locative plural)
snieg (singular vocative)
sniegi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *snáigas (> Latvian *snaigs, which, under the influence of forms of the verb snigt (“to snow”), became sniegs; compare Lithuanian snaĩgė (“snowflake”), still with the original ai), from Proto-Indo-European *snóygʷʰos.

sniegs snieg

sniega pārslas, kristāli

sniega ūdens, sniegūdens

sniega vīrs, sniegavīrs

sniega vētra

smalks, dziļš, irdens sniegs

slapjš, sauss, irdens sniegs

sniega kupena

sniegs sāk kust

sniega lāpsta

tīrīt sniegu no ceļa

balts kā sniegs

snow (frozen water that falls as precipitation)


migla

migla (nominative singular)
miglas (nominative plural)
miglu (accusative singular)
miglas (accusative plural)
miglas (genitive singular)
miglu (genitive plural)
miglai (dative singular)
miglām (dative plural)
miglu (instrumental singular)
miglām (instrumental plural)
miglā (locative singular)
miglās (locative plural)
migla (singular vocative)
miglas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *míglāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃mígʰleh₂ (“mist, cloud”).
Cognates include Lithuanian migla (“fog”), Polish mgła, Russian мгла (mgla), Albanian mjegull, Ancient Greek ὀμίχλη (omíkhlē).

inh

rudens migla

rīta, vakara migla

bieza migla

miglas blīvums

miglas vāli


temperatūra

temperatūra (nominative singular)
temperatūras (nominative plural)
temperatūru (accusative singular)
temperatūras (accusative plural)
temperatūras (genitive singular)
temperatūru (genitive plural)
temperatūrai (dative singular)
temperatūrām (dative plural)
temperatūru (instrumental singular)
temperatūrām (instrumental plural)
temperatūrā (locative singular)
temperatūrās (locative plural)
temperatūra (singular vocative)
temperatūras (plural vocative)


musons

musons (nominative singular)
musoni (nominative plural)
musonu (accusative singular)
musonus (accusative plural)
musona (genitive singular)
musonu (genitive plural)
musonam (dative singular)
musoniem (dative plural)
musonu (instrumental singular)
musoniem (instrumental plural)
musonā (locative singular)
musonos (locative plural)
muson (singular vocative)
musoni (plural vocative)


sals

sals (nominative singular)
salu (accusative singular)
sala (genitive singular)
salam (dative singular)
salu (instrumental singular)
salā (locative singular)
sal (singular vocative)

stiprs sals

uznāca sals un sniegs

spalgs sals

sajust salu

rokas salā sastingušas

(weather) intense cold, frost, with air temperature below the freezing point


zibens

lv-noun

zibens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

zibens (nominative singular)
zibeņi (nominative plural)
zibeni (accusative singular)
zibeņus (accusative plural)
zibens (genitive singular)
zibeņu (genitive plural)
zibenim (dative singular)
zibeņiem (dative plural)
zibeni (instrumental singular)
zibeņiem (instrumental plural)
zibenī (locative singular)
zibeņos (locative plural)
zibeni (singular vocative)
zibeņi (plural vocative)

Compare Lithuanian žaibas, and see Lithuanian žibėti for more.

šautras zibens

lodes, lodveida, bumbveida zibens

spožs zibens

mākslīgais zibens

zibens gaisma

zibens spēriens

zibens ātrumā

lightning (discharge of atmospheric electricity with a visible flash of light)


laiks

laiks (nominative singular)
laiki (nominative plural)
laiku (accusative singular)
laikus (accusative plural)
laika (genitive singular)
laiku (genitive plural)
laikam (dative singular)
laikiem (dative plural)
laiku (instrumental singular)
laikiem (instrumental plural)
laikā (locative singular)
laikos (locative plural)
laik (singular vocative)
laiki (plural vocative)


varavīksne

varavīksne (nominative singular)
varavīksnes (nominative plural)
varavīksni (accusative singular)
varavīksnes (accusative plural)
varavīksnes (genitive singular)
varavīkšņu (genitive plural)
varavīksnei (dative singular)
varavīksnēm (dative plural)
varavīksni (instrumental singular)
varavīksnēm (instrumental plural)
varavīksnē (locative singular)
varavīksnēs (locative plural)
varavīksne (singular vocative)
varavīksnes (plural vocative)

The various attested forms result from reduplication: varavīksne < *vavarīksne, vararīste < *vavarīste, where vavar- is a reduplicated form of Proto-Baltic *war-, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn, to bend”) (whence also Latvian vērpt “to spin”, q.v.). The original meaning was probably “bending,” “arch.” The second part of the word was apparently not just a suffix, but an independent word, perhaps related to rīkste (“switch, twig, flexible rod”); note that rīksna is dialectally attested by itself with the meaning of “rainbow.” The rich dialectal variation in this word, as well as the several other dialectal terms for “rainbow” (e.g., dardedze, telverdze), probably result, on the one hand, from dialectal mixing, and, on the other hand, from taboo restrictions (ancient Latvians apparently considered the rainbow the result of magical forces that deserved respect). Cognates include Lithuanian vaivórykštė, dialectal varvórykštė.

uder

varavīksne parādās kā septiņkrāsu loks Saulei pretējā pusē

a rainbow appears as a seven-color arch on the opposite side to the sun

debesīs patiešām bija uzplaukusi varavīksne

in the sky, a rainbow had really blossomed

zaigot visās varavīksnes krāsās

to sparkle in all the colors of the rainbow

varavīksnes forele


tūce

tūce (nominative singular)
tūces (nominative plural)
tūci (accusative singular)
tūces (accusative plural)
tūces (genitive singular)
tūču (genitive plural)
tūcei (dative singular)
tūcēm (dative plural)
tūci (instrumental singular)
tūcēm (instrumental plural)
tūcē (locative singular)
tūcēs (locative plural)
tūce (singular vocative)
tūces (plural vocative)


putenis

putenis (nominative singular)
puteņi (nominative plural)
puteni (accusative singular)
puteņus (accusative plural)
puteņa (genitive singular)
puteņu (genitive plural)
putenim (dative singular)
puteņiem (dative plural)
puteni (instrumental singular)
puteņiem (instrumental plural)
putenī (locative singular)
puteņos (locative plural)
puteni (singular vocative)
puteņi (plural vocative)


sniegputenis

sniegputenis (nominative singular)
sniegputeņi (nominative plural)
sniegputeni (accusative singular)
sniegputeņus (accusative plural)
sniegputeņa (genitive singular)
sniegputeņu (genitive plural)
sniegputenim (dative singular)
sniegputeņiem (dative plural)
sniegputeni (instrumental singular)
sniegputeņiem (instrumental plural)
sniegputenī (locative singular)
sniegputeņos (locative plural)
sniegputeni (singular vocative)
sniegputeņi (plural vocative)

From sniegs (“snow”) + putenis (“blizzard”).


sērsna

sērsna (nominative singular)
sērsnas (nominative plural)
sērsnu (accusative singular)
sērsnas (accusative plural)
sērsnas (genitive singular)
sērsnu (genitive plural)
sērsnai (dative singular)
sērsnām (dative plural)
sērsnu (instrumental singular)
sērsnām (instrumental plural)
sērsnā (locative singular)
sērsnās (locative plural)
sērsna (singular vocative)
sērsnas (plural vocative)

staigāt pa sērsnu


pērkons

pērkons (nominative singular)
pērkoni (nominative plural)
pērkonu (accusative singular)
pērkonus (accusative plural)
pērkona (genitive singular)
pērkonu (genitive plural)
pērkonam (dative singular)
pērkoniem (dative plural)
pērkonu (instrumental singular)
pērkoniem (instrumental plural)
pērkonā (locative singular)
pērkonos (locative plural)
pērkon (singular vocative)
pērkoni (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *Perkūnas, from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷunos, from *pérkʷus (“oak”). Related to Old Prussian Perkūns.

pērkons rūc, ducina

pērkona negaiss, lietus

pērkona grāviens

sadzirdēt pērkonus

thunder (strong noise from an atmospheric electrical discharge)


salna

salna (nominative singular)
salnas (nominative plural)
salnu (accusative singular)
salnas (accusative plural)
salnas (genitive singular)
salnu (genitive plural)
salnai (dative singular)
salnām (dative plural)
salnu (instrumental singular)
salnām (instrumental plural)
salnā (locative singular)
salnās (locative plural)
salna (singular vocative)
salnas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śalˀnā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolH-n-eh₂. Morphologically from the salt (“to freeze”). Historically (and dialectally), salna was often used to mean the same as sarma or sals. Cognate with Lithuanian šalná and Proto-Slavic *solna.

pavasara salna

salna nokodusi puķes

augļu dārzu aizsardzība pret salnām

(weather) light frost, especially in spring or winter, with temperatures below 0°C at night


saulains

head

saulains (definite saulainais, comparative saulaināks, superlative vissaulainākais, adverb saulaini)

saulainais (definite)
saulaināks (comparative)
vissaulainākais (superlative)
saulaini (adverb)
saulains (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
saulaini (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
saulaina (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
saulainas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
saulainu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
saulainus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
saulainu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
saulainas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
saulaina (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
saulainu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
saulainas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
saulainu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
saulainam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
saulainiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
saulainai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
saulainām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
saulainu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
saulainiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
saulainu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
saulainām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
saulainā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
saulainos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
saulainā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
saulainās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

saulains rīts

saulaina vasara

saulains laiks

(weather) sunny (such as when the sun shines and there are relatively few or no clouds)


lietains

lietains (definite lietainais, comparative lietaināks, superlative vislietainākais, adverb lietaini)

lietainais (definite)
lietaināks (comparative)
vislietainākais (superlative)
lietaini (adverb)
lietains (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lietaini (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lietaina (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lietainas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lietainu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lietainus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lietainu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lietainas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lietaina (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lietainu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lietainas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lietainu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lietainam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lietainiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lietainai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lietainām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lietainu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lietainiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lietainu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lietainām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lietainā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lietainos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lietainā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lietainās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

šodien būs lietains laiks

lietains rudens

lietaina diena

(weather) rainy (characterized by rainfall)


miglains

miglains (definite miglainais, comparative miglaināks, superlative vismiglainākais, adverb miglaini)

miglainais (definite)
miglaināks (comparative)
vismiglainākais (superlative)
miglaini (adverb)
miglains (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
miglaini (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
miglaina (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
miglainas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
miglainu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
miglainus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
miglainu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
miglainas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
miglaina (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
miglainu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
miglainas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
miglainu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
miglainam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
miglainiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
miglainai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
miglainām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
miglainu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
miglainiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
miglainu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
miglainām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
miglainā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
miglainos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
miglainā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
miglainās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

miglains laiks

miglains rīts, vakars

miglaina diena, nakts

miglains giass

(weather) foggy, misty, hazy (having fog, mist, haze)


drēgnums

drēgnums (nominative singular)
drēgnumu (accusative singular)
drēgnuma (genitive singular)
drēgnumam (dative singular)
drēgnumu (instrumental singular)
drēgnumā (locative singular)
drēgnum (singular vocative)

nakts drēgnums

drebēt no drēgnuma

ielas bija mitras un gaiss smaga rudens drēgnuma pilns

the streets were humid and the air (was) full of the heavy humidity and cold of autumn


drēgns

drēgns (definite drēgnais, comparative drēgnāks, superlative visdrēgnākais, adverb drēgni)

drēgnais (definite)
drēgnāks (comparative)
visdrēgnākais (superlative)
drēgni (adverb)
drēgns (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
drēgni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
drēgna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
drēgnas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
drēgnu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
drēgnus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
drēgnu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
drēgnas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
drēgna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
drēgnu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
drēgnas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
drēgnu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
drēgnam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
drēgniem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
drēgnai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
drēgnām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
drēgnu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
drēgniem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
drēgnu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
drēgnām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
drēgnā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
drēgnos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
drēgnā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
drēgnās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *dreg- (with an adjectivizing suffix -n, and expressive lengthening of the e; compare dialectal variant dregns with short e), from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, to pluck, to slice”) (whence also dīrāt (“to skin, to flay”), q.v.) with an extra suffix -gʰ (*der-gʰ, *dr-egʰ). From the original meaning, “to tear” > “to skin, to flay,” a number of other meanings were developed, relating to something unpleasant or repulsive (compare dergties (“to feel disgusted”)); in the case of drēgns, unpleasant cold and humidity. Cognates include Lithuanian drė́gnas.

uder

drēgns laiks, gaiss, klimats

drēgns pagrabs

drēgns rīts

drēgna migla

bija pelēki drēgna diena


sniegains

head

sniegains (definite sniegainais, comparative sniegaināks, superlative vissniegainākais, adverb sniegaini)

sniegainais (definite)
sniegaināks (comparative)
vissniegainākais (superlative)
sniegaini (adverb)
sniegains (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
sniegaini (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
sniegaina (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
sniegainas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
sniegainu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
sniegainus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
sniegainu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
sniegainas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
sniegaina (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
sniegainu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
sniegainas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
sniegainu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
sniegainam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
sniegainiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
sniegainai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
sniegainām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
sniegainu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
sniegainiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
sniegainu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
sniegainām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
sniegainā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
sniegainos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
sniegainā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
sniegainās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

sniegaina ziema

sniegains ceļš

sniegaini lauki

(weather) snowy (where, when there is much snow)


ziemīgs

ziemīgs (definite ziemīgais, comparative ziemīgāks, superlative visziemīgākais, adverb ziemīgi)

ziemīgais (definite)
ziemīgāks (comparative)
visziemīgākais (superlative)
ziemīgi (adverb)
ziemīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ziemīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ziemīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ziemīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ziemīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ziemīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ziemīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ziemīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ziemīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ziemīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ziemīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ziemīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ziemīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ziemīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ziemīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ziemīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ziemīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ziemīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ziemīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ziemīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ziemīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ziemīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ziemīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ziemīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

ziemīga ainava

ziemīgas noskaņas

ziemīga saule

ziemīgi lauki

(weather, places) wintry, winterly, typical of winter time


vasarīgs

vasarīgs (definite vasarīgais, comparative vasarīgāks, superlative visvasarīgākais, adverb vasarīgi)

vasarīgais (definite)
vasarīgāks (comparative)
visvasarīgākais (superlative)
vasarīgi (adverb)
vasarīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
vasarīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
vasarīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
vasarīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
vasarīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
vasarīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
vasarīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
vasarīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
vasarīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
vasarīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
vasarīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
vasarīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
vasarīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
vasarīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
vasarīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
vasarīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
vasarīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
vasarīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
vasarīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
vasarīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
vasarīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
vasarīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
vasarīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
vasarīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

vasarīgs karstums

vasarīgas debesis

vasarīga, ziedoša pļava

(weather, places) typical of summer, of summertime, summer-like, summerly


rudenīgs

rudenīgs (definite rudenīgais, comparative rudenīgāks, superlative visrudenīgākais, adverb rudenīgi)

rudenīgais (definite)
rudenīgāks (comparative)
visrudenīgākais (superlative)
rudenīgi (adverb)
rudenīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
rudenīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
rudenīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
rudenīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
rudenīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
rudenīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
rudenīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
rudenīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
rudenīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
rudenīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
rudenīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
rudenīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
rudenīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
rudenīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
rudenīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
rudenīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
rudenīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
rudenīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
rudenīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
rudenīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
rudenīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
rudenīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
rudenīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
rudenīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

rudenīgs drēgnums

rudenīgs laiks

rudenīgas debesis

rudenīga saule

rudenīga nakts

rudenīgi, tumši mākoņi

(weather, places) typical of autumn, autumnal, autumny


pavasarīgs

pavasarīgs (definite pavasarīgais, comparative pavasarīgāks, superlative vispavasarīgākais, adverb pavasarīgi)

pavasarīgais (definite)
pavasarīgāks (comparative)
vispavasarīgākais (superlative)
pavasarīgi (adverb)
pavasarīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
pavasarīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
pavasarīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
pavasarīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
pavasarīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
pavasarīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
pavasarīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
pavasarīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
pavasarīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
pavasarīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
pavasarīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
pavasarīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
pavasarīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
pavasarīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
pavasarīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
pavasarīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
pavasarīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
pavasarīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
pavasarīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
pavasarīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
pavasarīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
pavasarīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
pavasarīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
pavasarīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

pavasarīgi vēji

pavasarīgs laiks

pavasarīga ainava

(weather, places) typical of spring, of springtime


mākoņains

mākoņains (definite mākoņainais, comparative mākoņaināks, superlative vismākoņainākais, adverb mākoņaini)

mākoņainais (definite)
mākoņaināks (comparative)
vismākoņainākais (superlative)
mākoņaini (adverb)
mākoņains (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
mākoņaini (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
mākoņaina (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
mākoņainas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
mākoņainu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
mākoņainus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
mākoņainu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
mākoņainas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
mākoņaina (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
mākoņainu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
mākoņainas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
mākoņainu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
mākoņainam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
mākoņainiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
mākoņainai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
mākoņainām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
mākoņainu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
mākoņainiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
mākoņainu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
mākoņainām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
mākoņainā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
mākoņainos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
mākoņainā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
mākoņainās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

debess tik mākoņaina, bet lietussargs aizmirsies mājā

the sky is so cloudy, and (I) left (lit. forgot) the umbrella home

(of the sky) cloudy (wholly or partially covered with clouds)

siltajā periodā jūras gaisa masu ieplūšana Latvijā ir par cēloni mākoņainam un lietainam laikam

during the warm period, the marine air mass influx in Latvia is the cause of the cloudy and rainy weather

(of the weather) cloudy (such that the sky is covered with clouds)

skolotāja ar savu saulessargu bija ļoti apmierināta un nešķīrās no tā pat mākoņainās dienās

the teacher was very satisfied with her parasol; she was inseparable from it, even in the cloudy days

(of time periods) cloudy (when the sky is typically covered with clouds)


mākoņainums

mākoņainums (nominative singular)
mākoņainumu (accusative singular)
mākoņainuma (genitive singular)
mākoņainumam (dative singular)
mākoņainumu (instrumental singular)
mākoņainumā (locative singular)
mākoņainum (singular vocative)

From mākoņains (“cloudy”) + -ums (with mākoņains from mākonis (“cloud”) + -ains).

ievērojams mākoņainums

zems, mainīgs mākoņainums


lietavas

lietavas (nominative plural)
lietavas (accusative plural)
lietavu (genitive plural)
lietavām (dative plural)
lietavām (instrumental plural)
lietavās (locative plural)
lietavas (plural vocative)

lietavu laiks

rudens lietavas

apmēram 200 tūkstoši meksikāņu spiesti pamest savus mājokļus, lai glābtos no plūdiem... tos izraisījušas lietavas, kas ilga visu pagājušo nedēļu

about 200 thousand Mexicans were forced to flee their homes to save themselves from the flood... caused by incessant rains that had lasted the whole preceding week

rains, long, incessant rain; rainy period,


vēsma

vēsma (nominative singular)
vēsmas (nominative plural)
vēsmu (accusative singular)
vēsmas (accusative plural)
vēsmas (genitive singular)
vēsmu (genitive plural)
vēsmai (dative singular)
vēsmām (dative plural)
vēsmu (instrumental singular)
vēsmām (instrumental plural)
vēsmā (locative singular)
vēsmās (locative plural)
vēsma (singular vocative)
vēsmas (plural vocative)

From vēss (“cool, cold”) + -ma. Cognates include Lithuanian vėsmė̃ (“cool, shady place”), dialectal vėsma (“coolness, freshness”).

silta pavasara vēsma

viegla vēsma kustināja aizkarus, koka lapas

a light breeze is moving the curtains, the tree leaves

vējš ir silts kā dūnas un maigs kā samts; tas ir tikai vēsma

the wind is warm as down and gentle as velvet; it is just a breeze


viesuļvētra

viesuļvētra (nominative singular)
viesuļvētras (nominative plural)
viesuļvētru (accusative singular)
viesuļvētras (accusative plural)
viesuļvētras (genitive singular)
viesuļvētru (genitive plural)
viesuļvētrai (dative singular)
viesuļvētrām (dative plural)
viesuļvētru (instrumental singular)
viesuļvētrām (instrumental plural)
viesuļvētrā (locative singular)
viesuļvētrās (locative plural)
viesuļvētra (singular vocative)
viesuļvētras (plural vocative)


krusa

krusa (nominative singular)
krusu (accusative singular)
krusas (genitive singular)
krusai (dative singular)
krusu (instrumental singular)
krusā (locative singular)
krusa (singular vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krušā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *krows-. Cognate with Lithuanian krušà (“hail”), Proto-Slavic *krъxà (“lump”).


negaiss

negaiss (nominative singular)
negaisi (nominative plural)
negaisu (accusative singular)
negaisus (accusative plural)
negaisa (genitive singular)
negaisu (genitive plural)
negaisam (dative singular)
negaisiem (dative plural)
negaisu (instrumental singular)
negaisiem (instrumental plural)
negaisā (locative singular)
negaisos (locative plural)
negais (singular vocative)
negaisi (plural vocative)