i

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.


pants

pants (nominative singular)
panti (nominative plural)
pantu (accusative singular)
pantus (accusative plural)
panta (genitive singular)
pantu (genitive plural)
pantam (dative singular)
pantiem (dative plural)
pantu (instrumental singular)
pantiem (instrumental plural)
pantā (locative singular)
pantos (locative plural)
pant (singular vocative)
panti (plural vocative)

(law) paragraph, article, clause (section of legal document)


delta

delta (nominative singular)
deltas (nominative plural)
deltu (accusative singular)
deltas (accusative plural)
deltas (genitive singular)
deltu (genitive plural)
deltai (dative singular)
deltām (dative plural)
deltu (instrumental singular)
deltām (instrumental plural)
deltā (locative singular)
deltās (locative plural)
delta (singular vocative)
deltas (plural vocative)


riet

head

riet (transitive, 1st conjugation, present reju, rej, rej, past rēju)

conjugation (first-person)
reju (present)
rej (present)
rēju (past)
reju (first-person indicative present singular)
rēju (first-person indicative past singular)
riešu (first-person future indicative singular)
rej (indicative present second-person singular)
rēji (indicative past second-person singular)
riesi (future indicative second-person singular)
rej (imperative second-person singular)
rej (indicative present singular third-person)
rēja (indicative past singular third-person)
ries (future indicative singular third-person)
lai rej (imperative singular third-person)
rejam (first-person indicative plural present)
rējām (first-person indicative past plural)
riesim (first-person future indicative plural)
riesim (first-person imperative plural)
rejat (indicative plural present second-person)
rējāt (indicative past plural second-person)
riesiet (future indicative plural second-person)
riesit (future indicative plural second-person)
rejiet (imperative plural second-person)
rej (indicative plural present third-person)
rēja (indicative past plural third-person)
ries (future indicative plural third-person)
lai rej (imperative plural third-person)
rejot (present renarrative)
rejošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot rējis (past renarrative)
riedams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
riešot (future renarrative)
rejot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai rejot (imperative)
rejam (active participle participle-4 present)
rējis (active participle past)
rietu (conditional present)
būtu rējis (conditional past)
jārej (debitive indicative)
būt jārej (debitive indicative)
riet (infinitive)
esot jārej (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
neriet (infinitive negative)
jārejot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
riešana (noun-from-verb)

From Proto-Baltic *rey-tey, *rey-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *rey-. The original diphthong ey is still seen in the present tense forms (reju, etc.). Cognates include Lithuanian ríeti (“to bark; to scold”), Old Prussian rīgewings (/rījewinɡs/, “quarreling”), Russian dialectal ра́ять (rájatʹ, “to make noise”), Old High German rērēn, Middle High German rēren (“to bleat, to bellow, to shout”), German röhren, Sanskrit रायति (rāyati, “to bark”), Ossetian рӕйын (ræjyn), рӕйун (ræjun), Northern Kurdish reyîn (“to bark”).

cog

Lizalka, mūžam ar visu neapmierināta, rēja uz cilvēkiem gluži kā suns.

Lizalka, eternally dissatisfied with everything, barked at people just like a dog.

(of people) to bark (to talk loud, usually angrily)


Ezra

Ezra (nominative singular)
Ezras (nominative plural)
Ezru (accusative singular)
Ezras (accusative plural)
Ezras (genitive singular)
Ezru (genitive plural)
Ezrai (dative singular)
Ezrām (dative plural)
Ezru (instrumental singular)
Ezrām (instrumental plural)
Ezrā (locative singular)
Ezrās (locative plural)
Ezra (singular vocative)
Ezras (plural vocative)


loma

loma (nominative singular)
lomas (nominative plural)
lomu (accusative singular)
lomas (accusative plural)
lomas (genitive singular)
lomu (genitive plural)
lomai (dative singular)
lomām (dative plural)
lomu (instrumental singular)
lomām (instrumental plural)
lomā (locative singular)
lomās (locative plural)
loma (singular vocative)
lomas (plural vocative)

spēlēt lomu

lomas teksts

mācīties lomu no galvas

tēlot galveno lomu

loma bez vārdiem

sadalīt lomas

(theater, cinematography) role, part, character


vau

Apparently of onomatopoeic (imitative) origin.

vau, vau! Krančelis kaukdams kliedza

woof! woof! Krančelis (= dog) cried, howling

woof (the sound a dog makes while barking)


svastika

svastika (nominative singular)
svastikas (nominative plural)
svastiku (accusative singular)
svastikas (accusative plural)
svastikas (genitive singular)
svastiku (genitive plural)
svastikai (dative singular)
svastikām (dative plural)
svastiku (instrumental singular)
svastikām (instrumental plural)
svastikā (locative singular)
svastikās (locative plural)
svastika (singular vocative)
svastikas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वस्तिक (svastika).

swastika (old religious symbol, later co-opted by the German Nazi party)


hindi

Hindi; one of the official languages of India


plats

head

plats (definite platais, comparative platāks, superlative visplatākais, adverb plati)

platais (definite)
platāks (comparative)
visplatākais (superlative)
plati (adverb)
plats (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
plati (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
plata (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
platas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
platu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
platus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
platu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
platas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
plata (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
platu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
platas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
platu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
platam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
platiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
platai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
platām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
platu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
platiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
platu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
platām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
platā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
platos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
platā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
platās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *platús, from *pl̥th₂us < *pleth₂- (“flat”). In Latvian, former u-stem adjectives were assimilated into other classes; *platus gave rise to both an o-stem and a yo-stem variant which later on became independent words, plats and plašs, with different semantic nuances (compare also dobs and dobjš, or ass and ašs); this separation began in the 18th century but became complete only in the 1870s. Cognates include Lithuanian platùs, Old Prussian plat- (from a placename, Platmedyen, where median = “forest”), Sanskrit पृथु (pṛthu, “broad, wide, great, powerful”), Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “broad, wide, flat, smooth”).

cog

platais patskanis

platais e, ē ― broad, lax e, ē (i.e., [æ] instead of [ɛ])

(phonetics) broad, lax (pronounced with relatively large mouth opening)


verbs

verbs (nominative singular)
verbi (nominative plural)
verbu (accusative singular)
verbus (accusative plural)
verba (genitive singular)
verbu (genitive plural)
verbam (dative singular)
verbiem (dative plural)
verbu (instrumental singular)
verbiem (instrumental plural)
verbā (locative singular)
verbos (locative plural)
verb (singular vocative)
verbi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin verbum (“word”).

refleksīvie verbi

pārejošie (transitīvie) verbi

nepārejošie (intransitīvie) verbi

verba kategorijas

verba pamatformas

verba konjugācija

verbu atvasināšana

(grammar) verb (a word that indicates an action, event or state; the head of the predicate)


Marta

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1591. Cognate to English Martha.


runa

runa (nominative singular)
runas (nominative plural)
runu (accusative singular)
runas (accusative plural)
runas (genitive singular)
runu (genitive plural)
runai (dative singular)
runām (dative plural)
runu (instrumental singular)
runām (instrumental plural)
runā (locative singular)
runās (locative plural)
runa (singular vocative)
runas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *reu-, *ru-, imitative of speech sounds (from which also Latvian rūkt (“to roar, growl, snarl”), Russian рычать (ryčatʹ, “to roar, growl, snarl”)) with a suffix *-nā. Cognates include Old Irish run, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌰 (rūna, “secret, mystery”) (i.e., that which is said as a secret), Old English rūn, Old Saxon rūna, Middle Low German rūne (“mysterious whisper; runic character”), Old Norse rýna (“to talk secretly”), Old English rūnian (“to whisper; to plot, conspire”), Old High German rūnēn, German raunen (“to whisper”). Latvian runa probably also meant originally “solemn speech” (maybe “mystic ritual”?); still in the 17-19th centuries it was often used to indicate some special kind of communication (e.g., runas dot “to give advice”, lit. “to give talk”, or runas diena “council meeting”, lit. “talking day”).

tiešā, netiešā runa

(grammar) speech (direct or indirect presentation of someone's words)


adverbs

adverbs (nominative singular)
adverbi (nominative plural)
adverbu (accusative singular)
adverbus (accusative plural)
adverba (genitive singular)
adverbu (genitive plural)
adverbam (dative singular)
adverbiem (dative plural)
adverbu (instrumental singular)
adverbiem (instrumental plural)
adverbā (locative singular)
adverbos (locative plural)
adverb (singular vocative)
adverbi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin adverbium.

atvasināt adverbus no adjektīviem

(grammar) adverb (a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb, a phrase or a clause)


burts

burts (nominative singular)
burti (nominative plural)
burtu (accusative singular)
burtus (accusative plural)
burta (genitive singular)
burtu (genitive plural)
burtam (dative singular)
burtiem (dative plural)
burtu (instrumental singular)
burtiem (instrumental plural)
burtā (locative singular)
burtos (locative plural)
burt (singular vocative)
burti (plural vocative)

Originally the masculine past participle of the verb burt (“to conjure magic”) (q.v.). Just as burt originally meant “to carve (marks, on a tree),” burts was originally “mark(s) carved on a tree.” Cognates include Lithuanian bùrtas (“lot, (pl.) sorcery”).

lielais burts

mazais burts

rakstīts, drukāts burts

latīņu, gotu, grieķu burti

letter (graphic symbol that represents a sound in a language)

metāla, koka burti

burtu garnitūras

burtu liešana

(typography) type, font (typesetting printing unit; syn. burtstabiņš, litera)


Rute

Rute (nominative singular)
Rutes (nominative plural)
Ruti (accusative singular)
Rutes (accusative plural)
Rutes (genitive singular)
Rušu (genitive plural)
Rutei (dative singular)
Rutēm (dative plural)
Ruti (instrumental singular)
Rutēm (instrumental plural)
Rutē (locative singular)
Rutēs (locative plural)
Rute (singular vocative)
Rutes (plural vocative)

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in the end of the 19th century. From Hebrew.


pasts

pasts (nominative singular)
pastu (accusative singular)
pasta (genitive singular)
pastam (dative singular)
pastu (instrumental singular)
pastā (locative singular)
past (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Post (itself a borrowing from Italian), first mentioned in 17th/18th-century dictionaries.

pasta darbinieks

pasta krājkase

pasta stacija

pasts iekārtojās tajā pašā namā, kura vienu pusi bija aizņēmusi izpildu komiteja

the post (office) was placed in the same building in which one half had been occupied by the Executive Committee

pēc kādas nedēļas Nadīna paziņo, ka pāriešot dzīvot turpat pastā

after about a week Nadīna announced that she would go live right there in the post (office)

mail, post (organization that delivers letters and small packages; place, buildings where it works)

gaisa pasts

pasta sakari

pasta ceļš

mail, post (the regular delivery service of this organization)

nosūtīt pastu

atnest pastu

pasta vagons

pasta soma

“pasts uz jūsu galda”, viņa sekretāre teica

“the mail is on your desk,” his secretary said

Florencē saņēmām no Rīgas pārsūtīto pastu

in Florece we received the mail forwarded from Riga

mail, post (the letters or packages delivered by this organization)


metafora

metafora (nominative singular)
metaforas (nominative plural)
metaforu (accusative singular)
metaforas (accusative plural)
metaforas (genitive singular)
metaforu (genitive plural)
metaforai (dative singular)
metaforām (dative plural)
metaforu (instrumental singular)
metaforām (instrumental plural)
metaforā (locative singular)
metaforās (locative plural)
metafora (singular vocative)
metaforas (plural vocative)


gramatika

lv-noun

gramatika f (^(???) please provide the declension type!)


tinte

tinte (nominative singular)
tintes (nominative plural)
tinti (accusative singular)
tintes (accusative plural)
tintes (genitive singular)
tinšu (genitive plural)
tintei (dative singular)
tintēm (dative plural)
tinti (instrumental singular)
tintēm (instrumental plural)
tintē (locative singular)
tintēs (locative plural)
tinte (singular vocative)
tintes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Tinte, itself a borrowing from Latin tincta (aqua) (“colored water, liquid”). This word is first mentioned in the early 19th century. It replaced an earlier borrowing blaka, from Middle Low German blak, black (“black ink”). An attempt to introduce a neologism melne (from melns (“black”); compare Russian черни́ла (černíla, “ink”), from чёрный (čórnyj, “black”)) also failed.

der

zilā, sarkanā, melnā tinte

parastā, speciālā tinte

gliemju tintes dziedzeri

(biology, anatomy) ink (dark liquid produced by certain animals or plants)


spalva

spalva (nominative singular)
spalvas (nominative plural)
spalvu (accusative singular)
spalvas (accusative plural)
spalvas (genitive singular)
spalvu (genitive plural)
spalvai (dative singular)
spalvām (dative plural)
spalvu (instrumental singular)
spalvām (instrumental plural)
spalvā (locative singular)
spalvās (locative plural)
spalva (singular vocative)
spalvas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *spalwā, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *spʰel- (“to split, cast off”) with a w extension. Alternatively, *spalu- may simply have been a u-stem noun, later transformed into an ā-stem noun: *spalu-ā- > *spalvā-. The original meaning was probably “that which was torn off, plucked, shorn.” Cognates include Lithuanian spalvà (“color”) (“color” meaning is a secondary development), Sudovian spiła.

noasināta zoss spalva

rakstāmspalva

pildspalva

rupja, smalka spalva

iemērkt spalvu tintē, tušā

pirmais spalvas mēģinājums

the first attempt at the pen (= at writing, by a new author)

quill, pen (especially to be used as a writing instrument)


jambs

jambs (nominative singular)
jambi (nominative plural)
jambu (accusative singular)
jambus (accusative plural)
jamba (genitive singular)
jambu (genitive plural)
jambam (dative singular)
jambiem (dative plural)
jambu (instrumental singular)
jambiem (instrumental plural)
jambā (locative singular)
jambos (locative plural)
jamb (singular vocative)
jambi (plural vocative)


lingvistika

lingvistika (nominative singular)
lingvistiku (accusative singular)
lingvistikas (genitive singular)
lingvistikai (dative singular)
lingvistiku (instrumental singular)
lingvistikā (locative singular)
lingvistika (singular vocative)

matemātiskā lingvistika

linguistics (science that studies language)


interpunkcija

interpunkcija (nominative singular)
interpunkciju (accusative singular)
interpunkcijas (genitive singular)
interpunkcijai (dative singular)
interpunkciju (instrumental singular)
interpunkcijā (locative singular)
interpunkcija (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin interpunctiō, from inter (“between”) and punctiō (“pricking, puncturing”), from the verb pungo (“to prick, to puncture, to sting”).

interpunkcijas sistēma

apgūt interpunkciju

interpunkcijas kļūdas

izvēloties pieturzīmes, jāņem vērā interpunkcijas un citu rakstības zīmju un paņēmienu mijiedarbība

when choosing punctuation marks, one must take into account the interaction of punctuation and other writing symbols and modes

vispirms tulkotājiem pārmetums, ka viņi pārāk brīvi rīkojušies ar interpunkciju

the first criticism of translators is that they treat punctuation too freely

punctuation mark
punctuation mark#English

(orthography) punctuation (the set of punctuation marks in a given language; the use of punctuation marks in a given language)


lietvārds

lietvārds (nominative singular)
lietvārdi (nominative plural)
lietvārdu (accusative singular)
lietvārdus (accusative plural)
lietvārda (genitive singular)
lietvārdu (genitive plural)
lietvārdam (dative singular)
lietvārdiem (dative plural)
lietvārdu (instrumental singular)
lietvārdiem (instrumental plural)
lietvārdā (locative singular)
lietvārdos (locative plural)
lietvārd (singular vocative)
lietvārdi (plural vocative)

From lieta (“thing, object”) + vārds (“word”), a calque of German Dingwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as lietu-vārds; after some variation (A. Stērste had lietas vārds in 1879, and also K. Mīlenbahs in 1895), J. Pārstrauts suggested the form lietvārds in 1881, which eventually became accepted as standard in the 1940s.

compound

lietvārds daudzskaitļa formā

lietvārdu celmi

lietvārda dzimte

lietvārda deklinācijas

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


bibliotēka

bibliotēka (nominative singular)
bibliotēkas (nominative plural)
bibliotēku (accusative singular)
bibliotēkas (accusative plural)
bibliotēkas (genitive singular)
bibliotēku (genitive plural)
bibliotēkai (dative singular)
bibliotēkām (dative plural)
bibliotēku (instrumental singular)
bibliotēkām (instrumental plural)
bibliotēkā (locative singular)
bibliotēkās (locative plural)
bibliotēka (singular vocative)
bibliotēkas (plural vocative)


Jānis

Jānis (nominative singular)
Jāņi (nominative plural)
Jāni (accusative singular)
Jāņus (accusative plural)
Jāņa (genitive singular)
Jāņu (genitive plural)
Jānim (dative singular)
Jāņiem (dative plural)
Jāni (instrumental singular)
Jāņiem (instrumental plural)
Jānī (locative singular)
Jāņos (locative plural)
Jāni (singular vocative)
Jāņi (plural vocative)

First recorded in 13th century. Ultimately from Hebrew, cognate to English John.


Jesaja

Jesaja (nominative singular)
Jesajas (nominative plural)
Jesaju (accusative singular)
Jesajas (accusative plural)
Jesajas (genitive singular)
Jesaju (genitive plural)
Jesajai (dative singular)
Jesajām (dative plural)
Jesaju (instrumental singular)
Jesajām (instrumental plural)
Jesajā (locative singular)
Jesajās (locative plural)
Jesaja (singular vocative)
Jesajas (plural vocative)


Miha

Miha (nominative singular)
Mihas (nominative plural)
Mihu (accusative singular)
Mihas (accusative plural)
Mihas (genitive singular)
Mihu (genitive plural)
Mihai (dative singular)
Mihām (dative plural)
Mihu (instrumental singular)
Mihām (instrumental plural)
Mihā (locative singular)
Mihās (locative plural)
Miha (singular vocative)
Mihas (plural vocative)


itāļu valoda

itāļu valoda (nominative singular)
itāļu valodu (accusative singular)
itāļu valodas (genitive singular)
itāļu valodai (dative singular)
itāļu valodu (instrumental singular)
itāļu valodā (locative singular)
itāļu valoda (singular vocative)


vēstule

vēstule (nominative singular)
vēstules (nominative plural)
vēstuli (accusative singular)
vēstules (accusative plural)
vēstules (genitive singular)
vēstuļu (genitive plural)
vēstulei (dative singular)
vēstulēm (dative plural)
vēstuli (instrumental singular)
vēstulēm (instrumental plural)
vēstulē (locative singular)
vēstulēs (locative plural)
vēstule (singular vocative)
vēstules (plural vocative)

Coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, derived from vēstīt (“to herald, to announce”) (compare vēsts (“news”)). Its form was influenced by Ancient Greek ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; command, commission; will”). Krovanlds proposed other related words (vēstulēties “to correspond, exchange letters,” and also vēstulēšanās, vēstulējums, vēstulība) which did not find acceptance. Before Kronvalds' vēstule, the concept of “letter” was expressed as (rakstīta) grāmata; the term breve (from Italian breve (“short writing”), from Latin brevis (“short”); compare German Brief), introduced by the journal Pēterburgas Avīzes (probably by J. Alunāns), did not find acceptance either.

cog

privāta vēstule

oficiāla vēstule

mīlestības vēstule

atplēst vēstuli

ierakstīta, apdrošināta vēstule

atklāta vēstule

vēstules nosūtītājs, saņēmējs

letter (a written message for someone, especially if sent by mail)


Ādams

First recorded in 1522. Ultimately from Hebrew. Cognate to English Adam.


Marija

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1460. From Latin Maria, from Ancient Greek Μαρία (María), Μαριάμ (Mariám), ultimately from Hebrew מִרְיָם (miryám). Cognate to English Mary.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called garumzīme (“macron”) in Latvian, and found on Ā/ā, Ē/ē, Ī/ī and Ū/ū.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called sediļa, "āķītis," mīkstinājuma zīme (“cedilla”) in Latvian, and found on Ģ/ģ, Ķ/ķ, Ļ/ļ and Ņ/ņ.


garums

garums (nominative singular)
garumi (nominative plural)
garumu (accusative singular)
garumus (accusative plural)
garuma (genitive singular)
garumu (genitive plural)
garumam (dative singular)
garumiem (dative plural)
garumu (instrumental singular)
garumiem (instrumental plural)
garumā (locative singular)
garumos (locative plural)
garum (singular vocative)
garumi (plural vocative)

patskaņa garumu apzīmē ar svītru virs attiecīgā burta

vowel length is marked with a bar above the corresponding letter

(phonetics, phonology) length (longer pronunciation of a vowel or consonant)


Ieva

Ieva (nominative singular)
Ievu (accusative singular)
Ievas (genitive singular)
Ievai (dative singular)
Ievu (instrumental singular)
Ievā (locative singular)
Ieva (singular vocative)

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1743. From Latin Eva, ultimately from Hebrew. Also a plant name from ieva (“bird cherry”).


vārdnīca

vārdnīca (nominative singular)
vārdnīcas (nominative plural)
vārdnīcu (accusative singular)
vārdnīcas (accusative plural)
vārdnīcas (genitive singular)
vārdnīcu (genitive plural)
vārdnīcai (dative singular)
vārdnīcām (dative plural)
vārdnīcu (instrumental singular)
vārdnīcām (instrumental plural)
vārdnīcā (locative singular)
vārdnīcās (locative plural)
vārdnīca (singular vocative)
vārdnīcas (plural vocative)


Obadja

Obadja (nominative singular)
Obadjas (nominative plural)
Obadju (accusative singular)
Obadjas (accusative plural)
Obadjas (genitive singular)
Obadju (genitive plural)
Obadjai (dative singular)
Obadjām (dative plural)
Obadju (instrumental singular)
Obadjām (instrumental plural)
Obadjā (locative singular)
Obadjās (locative plural)
Obadja (singular vocative)
Obadjas (plural vocative)


Izraēla

Izraēla (nominative singular)
Izraēlu (accusative singular)
Izraēlas (genitive singular)
Izraēlai (dative singular)
Izraēlu (instrumental singular)
Izraēlā (locative singular)
Izraēla (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”), which, in Biblical Hebrew, means "he who wrestles with God" (a Biblical name for Jacob after he wrestles with an adversary, later extended to cover the Jewish people and their land).

(biblical) Israel (A Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people)

(historical) Israel (an ancient kingdom in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel and the Land of Israel)

(historical) Israel (an ancient kingdom that occupied the northern part of the Land of Israel and modern State of Israel, as distinct from Judah)


valoda

valoda (nominative singular)
valodas (nominative plural)
valodu (accusative singular)
valodas (accusative plural)
valodas (genitive singular)
valodu (genitive plural)
valodai (dative singular)
valodām (dative plural)
valodu (instrumental singular)
valodām (instrumental plural)
valodā (locative singular)
valodās (locative plural)
valoda (singular vocative)
valodas (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to tear, to spend”).
Cognates include Latgalian volūda (“id.”), Lithuanian valandà (“hour, moment, time”).
Alternatively related to Proto-West Slavic *volati (“to call”). Confer Polish wołać, Czech volat.


sonets

sonets (nominative singular)
soneti (nominative plural)
sonetu (accusative singular)
sonetus (accusative plural)
soneta (genitive singular)
sonetu (genitive plural)
sonetam (dative singular)
sonetiem (dative plural)
sonetu (instrumental singular)
sonetiem (instrumental plural)
sonetā (locative singular)
sonetos (locative plural)
sonet (singular vocative)
soneti (plural vocative)


pronomens

pronomens (nominative singular)
pronomeni (nominative plural)
pronomenu (accusative singular)
pronomenus (accusative plural)
pronomena (genitive singular)
pronomenu (genitive plural)
pronomenam (dative singular)
pronomeniem (dative plural)
pronomenu (instrumental singular)
pronomeniem (instrumental plural)
pronomenā (locative singular)
pronomenos (locative plural)
pronomen (singular vocative)
pronomeni (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin prōnōmen (“pronoun”).

pronomenu deklinēšana

(grammar) pronoun (a word used to refer anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase)


telefons

telefons (nominative singular)
telefoni (nominative plural)
telefonu (accusative singular)
telefonus (accusative plural)
telefona (genitive singular)
telefonu (genitive plural)
telefonam (dative singular)
telefoniem (dative plural)
telefonu (instrumental singular)
telefoniem (instrumental plural)
telefonā (locative singular)
telefonos (locative plural)
telefon (singular vocative)
telefoni (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via other European languages, ultimately a from French téléphone, a word coined in the 1830s from two Ancient Greek elements, τῆλε (têle, “afar”) and φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice, sound”).

telefona grāmatu, telefonu grāmatu

phone book (list of the telephone numbers of the subscribers of a telephone network)

es pārrakstu telefonus Nākamgada kalendārā

I am copying the telephone (numbers) to next year's calendar

Dinas tēvs metas istabā pie sava rakstāmgalda, pagrābj telefonu grāmata un trīcošiem pirkstiem šķir lapas

Dina's father threw himself into the room, (went) to his desk, grabbed the phone book and with trembling fingers separated its pages


diftongs

diftongs (nominative singular)
diftongi (nominative plural)
diftongu (accusative singular)
diftongus (accusative plural)
diftonga (genitive singular)
diftongu (genitive plural)
diftongam (dative singular)
diftongiem (dative plural)
diftongu (instrumental singular)
diftongiem (instrumental plural)
diftongā (locative singular)
diftongos (locative plural)
diftong (singular vocative)
diftongi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos, “two sounds”), from δίς (dís, “twice”) and φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”).

uder

diftonga komponenti

(phonetics, phonology) diphthong (sequence of two different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


manuskripts

manuskripts (nominative singular)
manuskripti (nominative plural)
manuskriptu (accusative singular)
manuskriptus (accusative plural)
manuskripta (genitive singular)
manuskriptu (genitive plural)
manuskriptam (dative singular)
manuskriptiem (dative plural)
manuskriptu (instrumental singular)
manuskriptiem (instrumental plural)
manuskriptā (locative singular)
manuskriptos (locative plural)
manuskript (singular vocative)
manuskripti (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Medieval Latin manuscriptum (“writing by hand”), from Latin manus (“hand”) and scrīptus, the past participle of scrībō (“to write”), apparently a calque of Germanic origin (cf. earlier Middle High German hantschrift, hantgeschrift, Old English handġewrit (“what is written by hand, deed, contract, manuscript”), Old Norse handrit (“manuscript”)).

cog

viduslaiku manuskripts

literatūras muzeju manuskripti

es simtgadīgo ķieģeļu kaudzē atradu vecu manuskriptu... tas bija arābu burtiem ar melnu un sarkanu tušu aprakstīts pergaments

I found an old manuscript in a pile of hundred-year-old bricks... it was a parchment covered with Arabic letters in black and red ink

(history) manuscript (a handwritten text, usually an old one)


Zuzanna

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1608. Ultimately from Hebrew. Cognate to English Susan.


partikula

partikula (nominative singular)
partikulas (nominative plural)
partikulu (accusative singular)
partikulas (accusative plural)
partikulas (genitive singular)
partikulu (genitive plural)
partikulai (dative singular)
partikulām (dative plural)
partikulu (instrumental singular)
partikulām (instrumental plural)
partikulā (locative singular)
partikulās (locative plural)
partikula (singular vocative)
partikulas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin particula (“small part, particle”), the diminutive form of pars (“part, piece”).

bor

apgalvojuma partikula

nolieguma partikula

pastriprinājuma partikula

latviešu literārajā valodā ir arī partikulas, kas ir vecs mantojums no indoeiropiešu pamatvalodas... tādas ir partikulas vis, ne, nē

in the Latvian literary language there are also particles that are old inheritances from the Indo-European protolanguage... such are the particles vis, ne, nē

(grammar) grammatical particle (a word that does not belong to any word classes but has a clear grammatical function)


korāns

korāns (nominative singular)
korāni (nominative plural)
korānu (accusative singular)
korānus (accusative plural)
korāna (genitive singular)
korānu (genitive plural)
korānam (dative singular)
korāniem (dative plural)
korānu (instrumental singular)
korāniem (instrumental plural)
korānā (locative singular)
korānos (locative plural)
korān (singular vocative)
korāni (plural vocative)


telefonija

telefonija (nominative singular)
telefoniju (accusative singular)
telefonijas (genitive singular)
telefonijai (dative singular)
telefoniju (instrumental singular)
telefonijā (locative singular)
telefonija (singular vocative)

From telefons (“telephone”) + -ija. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

starppilsētu telefonija

gadu no gada daudzveidīgākas kļūst telefonijā lietotās iekārtas

from year to year, the equipment used in telephony is becoing (increasingly) more diverse

vajadzīgi augsti kvalificēti speciālisti, kuri prastu gan konstruēt, gan ekspluatēt sarežģīto telefonijas ierīci

highly qualified specialists (are) necessary who know both how to build and how to operate a complex telephony device

telephony (branch of science and technology that deals with telephone communications)


autors

lv-noun

autors m (1st declension, feminine form: autore)

autore (feminine)
autors (nominative singular)
autori (nominative plural)
autoru (accusative singular)
autorus (accusative plural)
autora (genitive singular)
autoru (genitive plural)
autoram (dative singular)
autoriem (dative plural)
autoru (instrumental singular)
autoriem (instrumental plural)
autorā (locative singular)
autoros (locative plural)
autor (singular vocative)
autori (plural vocative)

Ultimately from New Latin autor, from Latin auctor. Compare Lithuanian autorius, Polish autor, German Autor.


apostrofs

apostrofs (nominative singular)
apostrofi (nominative plural)
apostrofu (accusative singular)
apostrofus (accusative plural)
apostrofa (genitive singular)
apostrofu (genitive plural)
apostrofam (dative singular)
apostrofiem (dative plural)
apostrofu (instrumental singular)
apostrofiem (instrumental plural)
apostrofā (locative singular)
apostrofos (locative plural)
apostrof (singular vocative)
apostrofi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin apostrophus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”), a nominal use of an adjective derived from the verb ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, “I turn away”).

uder

lietot apostrofu

likt apostrofu vārdu beigās

to put an apostrophe at the ends of words

diacritical mark
diacritical mark#English

(orthography) apostrophe (the ’ character, used in some languages as a punctuation mark and as a diacritical mark in others)


kols

kols (nominative singular)
koli (nominative plural)
kolu (accusative singular)
kolus (accusative plural)
kola (genitive singular)
kolu (genitive plural)
kolam (dative singular)
koliem (dative plural)
kolu (instrumental singular)
koliem (instrumental plural)
kolā (locative singular)
kolos (locative plural)
kol (singular vocative)
koli (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin cōlon (“a member of a verse of poem”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κῶλον (kôlon, “a member, limb, clause, part of a verse”).

uder

kols ir ne vien gramatiski, bet arī jēdzieniski nosacīta pieturzīme... tas arvien norāda uz sekojošu paskaidrojumu

the colon is a punctuation mark conditioned not only grammatically, but also conceptually... it always points to a following explanation

(orthography) colon (the punctuation mark : which usually indicates a longer pause)


lingvists

lv-noun

lingvists m (1st declension, feminine form: lingviste)

lingviste (feminine)
lingvists (nominative singular)
lingvisti (nominative plural)
lingvistu (accusative singular)
lingvistus (accusative plural)
lingvista (genitive singular)
lingvistu (genitive plural)
lingvistam (dative singular)
lingvistiem (dative plural)
lingvistu (instrumental singular)
lingvistiem (instrumental plural)
lingvistā (locative singular)
lingvistos (locative plural)
lingvist (singular vocative)
lingvisti (plural vocative)

Sibīrijas aborigēnus pētī arheologi, antropologi, lingvisti, etnogrāfi un ģeogrāfi

archeologists, anthropologists, linguists, ethnographers and geographers study the Siberian aboriginals

(male) linguist (a specialist in linguistics)


punkts

punkts (nominative singular)
punkti (nominative plural)
punktu (accusative singular)
punktus (accusative plural)
punkta (genitive singular)
punktu (genitive plural)
punktam (dative singular)
punktiem (dative plural)
punktu (instrumental singular)
punktiem (instrumental plural)
punktā (locative singular)
punktos (locative plural)
punkt (singular vocative)
punkti (plural vocative)

stop/full stop, period (punctuation mark)


Jāzeps

First recorded in 17th century. Ultimately from Hebrew, cognate to English Joseph.


Jēkabs

First recorded in 1610. Ultimately from Hebrew, cognate to English Jacob and James.


Pēteris

Pēteris (nominative singular)
Pētei (nominative plural)
Pēteri (accusative singular)
Pēteus (accusative plural)
Pētea (genitive singular)
Pēteu (genitive plural)
Pēterim (dative singular)
Pēteiem (dative plural)
Pēteri (instrumental singular)
Pēteiem (instrumental plural)
Pēterī (locative singular)
Pēteos (locative plural)
Pēteri (singular vocative)
Pētei (plural vocative)

First recorded in 13th century. Ultimately from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), cognate to English Peter.


Pāvils

First recorded in 1638. Ultimately from Latin Paulus . Cognate to English Paul.


Andrejs

Andrejs (nominative singular)
Andreji (nominative plural)
Andreju (accusative singular)
Andrejus (accusative plural)
Andreja (genitive singular)
Andreju (genitive plural)
Andrejam (dative singular)
Andrejiem (dative plural)
Andreju (instrumental singular)
Andrejiem (instrumental plural)
Andrejā (locative singular)
Andrejos (locative plural)
Andrej (singular vocative)
Andreji (plural vocative)

First recorded in 1204. Ultimately from Ancient Greek. Cognate to English Andrew.


Toms

First recorded in 1537. Ultimately from Aramaic. Cognate to English Thomas.

A respelling of the English male given name diminutive Tom.


Dāvids

First recorded in 1607. Ultimately from Hebrew. Cognate to English David.


Matejs

First recorded in 1750. From Latin Mattheus, ultimately from Hebrew.


Matīss

Matīss (nominative singular)
Matīsi (nominative plural)
Matīsu (accusative singular)
Matīsus (accusative plural)
Matīsa (genitive singular)
Matīsu (genitive plural)
Matīsam (dative singular)
Matīsiem (dative plural)
Matīsu (instrumental singular)
Matīsiem (instrumental plural)
Matīsā (locative singular)
Matīsos (locative plural)
Matīs (singular vocative)
Matīsi (plural vocative)

First recorded in 1388. From Latin Matthias, ultimately from Hebrew. Cognate to English Matthias and Matthew.


Marks

Marks (nominative singular)
Marki (nominative plural)
Marku (accusative singular)
Markus (accusative plural)
Marka (genitive singular)
Marku (genitive plural)
Markam (dative singular)
Markiem (dative plural)
Marku (instrumental singular)
Markiem (instrumental plural)
Markā (locative singular)
Markos (locative plural)
Mark (singular vocative)
Marki (plural vocative)

First recorded in 1582. From Latin Marcus. Cognate to English Mark.


Miķelis

First recorded in 1601. From Hebrew. Cognate to English Michael.


Stefans

First recorded in 1367. Ultimately from Ancient Greek Στέφανος (Stéphanos).


Daniels

First recorded in 1316. Ultimately from Hebrew דניּאל (daniyél). Cognate to English Daniel.


háček
marking partial palatalization:
C, [t͡s] → Č, [t͡ʃ]

háček
marking partial palatalization:
S, [s] → Š, [ʃ]

háček
marking partial palatalization:
Z, [z] → Ž, [ʒ]


tulkojums

tulkojums (nominative singular)
tulkojumi (nominative plural)
tulkojumu (accusative singular)
tulkojumus (accusative plural)
tulkojuma (genitive singular)
tulkojumu (genitive plural)
tulkojumam (dative singular)
tulkojumiem (dative plural)
tulkojumu (instrumental singular)
tulkojumiem (instrumental plural)
tulkojumā (locative singular)
tulkojumos (locative plural)
tulkojum (singular vocative)
tulkojumi (plural vocative)

From tulkot (past stem: tulkoj-) (“to translate”) + -ums.

suffix

tulkot <small>(past stem: tulkoj-</small>)

labs, vājš tulkojums

burtisks tulkojums

adekvāts tulkojums

konģeniāls tulkojums

tulkojuma kvalitāte

tulkojums no vācu valodas

lasīt romānu latviskā tulkojumā

izdot stāsta tulkojumu

translation (action or result of converting a text (sentence, word, etc.) from one language into another)

sapņa tulkojums


Elizabete

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1252. Ultimately from Hebrew. Cognate with English Elizabeth.


Lidija

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1881. From Ancient Greek Λυδία (Ludía). Cognate with English Lydia.


Estere

Estere (nominative singular)
Esteres (nominative plural)
Esteri (accusative singular)
Esteres (accusative plural)
Esteres (genitive singular)
Esteu (genitive plural)
Esterei (dative singular)
Esterēm (dative plural)
Esteri (instrumental singular)
Esterēm (instrumental plural)
Esterē (locative singular)
Esterēs (locative plural)
Estere (singular vocative)
Esteres (plural vocative)

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in the 15th century. Cognate to English Esther.


dziedāt

head

dziedāt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, irregular, present dziedu, dziedi, dzied, past dziedāju)

conjugation (third-person)
dziedu (present)
dziedi (present)
dzied (present)
dziedāju (past)
dziedu (first-person indicative present singular)
dziedāju (first-person indicative past singular)
dziedāšu (first-person future indicative singular)
dziedi (indicative present second-person singular)
dziedāji (indicative past second-person singular)
dziedāsi (future indicative second-person singular)
dziedi (imperative second-person singular)
dzied (indicative present singular third-person)
dziedāja (indicative past singular third-person)
dziedās (future indicative singular third-person)
lai dzied (imperative singular third-person)
dziedam (first-person indicative plural present)
dziedājām (first-person indicative past plural)
dziedāsim (first-person future indicative plural)
dziedāsim (first-person imperative plural)
dziedat (indicative plural present second-person)
dziedājāt (indicative past plural second-person)
dziedāsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
dziedāsit (future indicative plural second-person)
dziediet (imperative plural second-person)
dzied (indicative plural present third-person)
dziedāja (indicative past plural third-person)
dziedās (future indicative plural third-person)
lai dzied (imperative plural third-person)
dziedot (present renarrative)
dziedošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot dziedājis (past renarrative)
dziedādams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
dziedāšot (future renarrative)
dziedot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai dziedot (imperative)
dziedam (active participle participle-4 present)
dziedājis (active participle past)
dziedātu (conditional present)
dziedams (participle passive present)
būtu dziedājis (conditional past)
dziedāts (participle passive past)
jādzied (debitive indicative)
būt jādzied (debitive indicative)
dziedāt (infinitive)
esot jādzied (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nedziedāt (infinitive negative)
jādziedot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
dziedāšana (noun-from-verb)

From Proto-Baltic *geyd-, from Proto-Indo-European *gēy-, *goy-, *gī- (“to sing, to call, to shout”) with an extra -d. Originally, dziedāt was an iterative-intensive form of an earlier verb, either *gīst (< *gī-d-ti; cf, Lithuanian pra-gýsti), or *giet (< *gie- < *gēy-, from which also dziesma (“song”)).
Cognates include Lithuanian giedóti (“to sing”), pragýsti (“to begin to sing”), gáida, gaidà (“melody; singer”), Proto-Slavic *gajati (Old East Slavic гаяти (gajati, “to croak, to caw”), Russian dialectal га́ять (gájatʹ, “to yawn; to speak, to shout, to make noise; to swear, to yell at someone; to drive animals by shouting”)), Sanskrit गायति (gāyati), गाति (gā́jati, gā́ti, “to sing”), गीत (gī́ta, “having sung”), Tocharian A kāk (“he called”), Tocharian B kāka (“he called”).

cog

dziedāt operas teātrī

dziedāt pašdarbības kolektīvā

dziedāt koncertā, korī, izrādē

dziedāt titullomu operas izrādē

to sing the title role in an opera performance

to sing (to practice a vocal art; to participate in a singing group, to play a singing role in a musical performance)


Tamāra

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in the end of the 19th century. Ultimately from Hebrew תמר (tāmār, “date palm”). Cognate with English Tamara.

Тама́ра Тамара#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian female given name Тама́ра (Tamára).


Judīte

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1650. From Hebrew. Cognate with English Judith.


Sīmanis

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1562. Ultimately from Hebrew. Cognate with English Simon.


particips

particips (nominative singular)
participi (nominative plural)
participu (accusative singular)
participus (accusative plural)
participa (genitive singular)
participu (genitive plural)
participam (dative singular)
participiem (dative plural)
participu (instrumental singular)
participiem (instrumental plural)
participā (locative singular)
participos (locative plural)
particip (singular vocative)
participi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin participium (“participle”).

participu deklinēšana

(linguistics, grammar) participle (a verb form having both verbal and adjectival or adverbial properties)


krusts

krusts (nominative singular)
krusti (nominative plural)
krustu (accusative singular)
krustus (accusative plural)
krusta (genitive singular)
krustu (genitive plural)
krustam (dative singular)
krustiem (dative plural)
krustu (instrumental singular)
krustiem (instrumental plural)
krustā (locative singular)
krustos (locative plural)
krust (singular vocative)
krusti (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic крьстъ (krĭstŭ) (compare Russian крест (krest)) (from Old High German Christ (“Christ”)), which regularly yielded Latvian dialectal krists. The u of the standard Latvian form krusts, however, is not obviously explainable. There are several theories: contamination of Latin crux (“cross”) and Christus (words that Latvians would often hear in Latin in church), influence of Old East Slavic *кръстъ (*krŭstŭ), an earlier borrowing from Old Norse kross (with an open o which old Baltic dialects would have borrowed as u); or perhaps no borrowing (krusts might come from an old Proto-Indo-European word cognate with Latin crux).

krusta astotnieks

(card games) clubs (one of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♣)


laiks

laiks (nominative singular)
laiki (nominative plural)
laiku (accusative singular)
laikus (accusative plural)
laika (genitive singular)
laiku (genitive plural)
laikam (dative singular)
laikiem (dative plural)
laiku (instrumental singular)
laikiem (instrumental plural)
laikā (locative singular)
laikos (locative plural)
laik (singular vocative)
laiki (plural vocative)


uzvārds

uzvārds (nominative singular)
uzvārdi (nominative plural)
uzvārdu (accusative singular)
uzvārdus (accusative plural)
uzvārda (genitive singular)
uzvārdu (genitive plural)
uzvārdam (dative singular)
uzvārdiem (dative plural)
uzvārdu (instrumental singular)
uzvārdiem (instrumental plural)
uzvārdā (locative singular)
uzvārdos (locative plural)
uzvārd (singular vocative)
uzvārdi (plural vocative)


vārds

vārds (nominative singular)
vārdi (nominative plural)
vārdu (accusative singular)
vārdus (accusative plural)
vārda (genitive singular)
vārdu (genitive plural)
vārdam (dative singular)
vārdiem (dative plural)
vārdu (instrumental singular)
vārdiem (instrumental plural)
vārdā (locative singular)
vārdos (locative plural)
vārd (singular vocative)
vārdi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *wardas, a masculine parallel form to neuter *wardan, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (“word”), from the stem *werh₁- (“to speak, say, talk”) with an extra element -dʰo. Note the typical Baltic polysemy between “name” and “word”, since the Proto-Indo-European term for “name”, still conserved in Old Prussian emnes, emmens (< Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥), was lost and replaced by *werdʰo-. Cognates include Lithuanian var̃das, Old Prussian wīrds, wirds, Sudovian ward, Russian врать (vratʹ, “to lie”), Belarusian вярзці́ (vjarzcí, “to lie”), Ukrainian верзти́ (verztý, “to lie”), Proto-Germanic *wurdą (Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 (waurd), German Wort, English word, Icelandic orð), Hittite ḫurt- (“to load, to charge”) (: weriya- “to say”), Sanskrit व्रत (vrata, “vow, command”), Ancient Greek εἴρω (eírō, “to say”) (< *weryō), Latin verbum.


nominatīvs

nominatīvs (nominative singular)
nominatīvu (accusative singular)
nominatīva (genitive singular)
nominatīvam (dative singular)
nominatīvu (instrumental singular)
nominatīvā (locative singular)
nominatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately from Latin nōminātīvus.


ģenitīvs

ģenitīvs (nominative singular)
ģenitīvu (accusative singular)
ģenitīva (genitive singular)
ģenitīvam (dative singular)
ģenitīvu (instrumental singular)
ģenitīvā (locative singular)
ģenitīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin genitīvus.


lokatīvs

lokatīvs (nominative singular)
lokatīvu (accusative singular)
lokatīva (genitive singular)
lokatīvam (dative singular)
lokatīvu (instrumental singular)
lokatīvā (locative singular)
lokatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin locātīvus.


akuzatīvs

akuzatīvs (nominative singular)
akuzatīvu (accusative singular)
akuzatīva (genitive singular)
akuzatīvam (dative singular)
akuzatīvu (instrumental singular)
akuzatīvā (locative singular)
akuzatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin accūsātīvus.

akuzatīvs atbild uz jautājumu “ko?”

the accusative answers the question 'whom?'

grammatical case
grammatical case#English

(grammar) accusative case (the grammatical case that marks the direct object)


vienskaitlis

vienskaitlis (nominative singular)
vienskaitli (accusative singular)
vienskaitļa (genitive singular)
vienskaitlim (dative singular)
vienskaitli (instrumental singular)
vienskaitlī (locative singular)
vienskaitli (singular vocative)

From vien + skaitlis, a calque of German Einzahl.

Lietvārdi var būt locīti gan vienskaitlī, gan daudzskaitlī.

Nouns can be inflected both in the singular and in the plural.


datīvs

datīvs (nominative singular)
datīvu (accusative singular)
datīva (genitive singular)
datīvam (dative singular)
datīvu (instrumental singular)
datīvā (locative singular)
datīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin datīvus.


vokatīvs

vokatīvs (nominative singular)
vokatīvu (accusative singular)
vokatīva (genitive singular)
vokatīvam (dative singular)
vokatīvu (instrumental singular)
vokatīvā (locative singular)
vokatīv (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin vocātīvus.


daudzskaitlis

daudzskaitlis (nominative singular)
daudzskaitli (accusative singular)
daudzskaitļa (genitive singular)
daudzskaitlim (dative singular)
daudzskaitli (instrumental singular)
daudzskaitlī (locative singular)
daudzskaitli (singular vocative)

From daudz + skaitlis, a calque of German Mehrzahl.


instrumentālis

instrumentālis (nominative singular)
instrumentāli (accusative singular)
instrumentāļa (genitive singular)
instrumentālim (dative singular)
instrumentāli (instrumental singular)
instrumentālī (locative singular)
instrumentāli (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin instrumentālis.


rakstnieks

lv-noun

rakstnieks m (1st declension, feminine form: rakstniece)

rakstniece (feminine)
rakstnieks (nominative singular)
rakstnieki (nominative plural)
rakstnieku (accusative singular)
rakstniekus (accusative plural)
rakstnieka (genitive singular)
rakstnieku (genitive plural)
rakstniekam (dative singular)
rakstniekiem (dative plural)
rakstnieku (instrumental singular)
rakstniekiem (instrumental plural)
rakstniekā (locative singular)
rakstniekos (locative plural)
rakstniek (singular vocative)
rakstnieki (plural vocative)

Coined by Juris Alunāns, from raksts (“writing”) + -nieks, in the 1850s.


valodnieks

valodnieks m (1st declension, feminine form: valodniece)

valodniece (feminine)
valodnieks (nominative singular)
valodnieki (nominative plural)
valodnieku (accusative singular)
valodniekus (accusative plural)
valodnieka (genitive singular)
valodnieku (genitive plural)
valodniekam (dative singular)
valodniekiem (dative plural)
valodnieku (instrumental singular)
valodniekiem (instrumental plural)
valodniekā (locative singular)
valodniekos (locative plural)
valodniek (singular vocative)
valodnieki (plural vocative)


darbības vārds

darbības vārds (nominative singular)
darbības vārdi (nominative plural)
darbības vārdu (accusative singular)
darbības vārdus (accusative plural)
darbības vārda (genitive singular)
darbības vārdu (genitive plural)
darbības vārdam (dative singular)
darbības vārdiem (dative plural)
darbības vārdu (instrumental singular)
darbības vārdiem (instrumental plural)
darbības vārdā (locative singular)
darbības vārdos (locative plural)
darbības vārd (singular vocative)
darbības vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally 'action word', apparently a calque of German Tätigkeitswort coined by Pēteris Abuls in 1902, which soon became the accepted standard instead of previous coinages, such as K. Mīlenbahs' izteiksmes vārds (“expression word”) or laika vārds (“time word”) (compare German Zeitwort), or J. Neikens' 1850 term darīšanas vārds (“making word”).

darbības vārdu locīšana

nenoteiksme (infinitīvs) ir darbības vārda pamatforma

the infinitive is the basic form of a verb

(grammar) verb (a word that indicates an action, event or state; the head of the predicate)


valodniecība

valodniecība (nominative singular)
valodniecību (accusative singular)
valodniecības (genitive singular)
valodniecībai (dative singular)
valodniecību (instrumental singular)
valodniecībā (locative singular)
valodniecība (singular vocative)

From valodnieks (“linguist”) + -ība (with k > c via palatalization).

vispārīgā valodniecība

sinhroniskā valodniecība

diahroniskā valodniecība

salīdzināmi vēsturiskā valodniecība

deskriptīvā valodniecība

strukturālā valodniecība

matemātiskā valodniecība

teorētiskā valodniecība

linguistics (science that studies languages, their characteristics, structure, functioning, development, and classification)


skaitlis

skaitlis (nominative singular)
skaitļi (nominative plural)
skaitli (accusative singular)
skaitļus (accusative plural)
skaitļa (genitive singular)
skaitļu (genitive plural)
skaitlim (dative singular)
skaitļiem (dative plural)
skaitli (instrumental singular)
skaitļiem (instrumental plural)
skaitlī (locative singular)
skaitļos (locative plural)
skaitli (singular vocative)
skaitļi (plural vocative)


īpašības vārds

īpašības vārds (nominative singular)
īpašības vārdi (nominative plural)
īpašības vārdu (accusative singular)
īpašības vārdus (accusative plural)
īpašības vārda (genitive singular)
īpašības vārdu (genitive plural)
īpašības vārdam (dative singular)
īpašības vārdiem (dative plural)
īpašības vārdu (instrumental singular)
īpašības vārdiem (instrumental plural)
īpašības vārdā (locative singular)
īpašības vārdos (locative plural)
īpašības vārd (singular vocative)
īpašības vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “quality/property word,” a calque of German Eigenschaftswort coined by J. Neikens in 1850 and accepted by A. Kronvalds.

īpašības vārdi ir patstāvīgi vārdi, kas nosauc priekšmetu pazīmes

adjectives are independent words that designate the features of an object

(grammar) adjective (a word used to qualify or modify a noun)


itāliešu valoda

itāliešu valoda (nominative singular)
itāliešu valodu (accusative singular)
itāliešu valodas (genitive singular)
itāliešu valodai (dative singular)
itāliešu valodu (instrumental singular)
itāliešu valodā (locative singular)
itāliešu valoda (singular vocative)


interjekcija

interjekcija (nominative singular)
interjekcijas (nominative plural)
interjekciju (accusative singular)
interjekcijas (accusative plural)
interjekcijas (genitive singular)
interjekciju (genitive plural)
interjekcijai (dative singular)
interjekcijām (dative plural)
interjekciju (instrumental singular)
interjekcijām (instrumental plural)
interjekcijā (locative singular)
interjekcijās (locative plural)
interjekcija (singular vocative)
interjekcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin interiectiō (“interjection”).

interjekcija ir nelokāma vārdšķira

interjection is an uninflectable word class

(grammar) interjection (a word or phrase used as an exclamation, often as an expression of emotion)


konjunkcija

konjunkcija (nominative singular)
konjunkcijas (nominative plural)
konjunkciju (accusative singular)
konjunkcijas (accusative plural)
konjunkcijas (genitive singular)
konjunkciju (genitive plural)
konjunkcijai (dative singular)
konjunkcijām (dative plural)
konjunkciju (instrumental singular)
konjunkcijām (instrumental plural)
konjunkcijā (locative singular)
konjunkcijās (locative plural)
konjunkcija (singular vocative)
konjunkcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin coniūnctiō (“conjunction”).

saiklis jeb konjunkcija ir vārdšķira

conjunction (saiklis) or conjunction (konjunckija) is a word class

(grammar) conjunction (a word used to join words or phrases into sentences)


adjektīvs

adjektīvs (nominative singular)
adjektīvi (nominative plural)
adjektīvu (accusative singular)
adjektīvus (accusative plural)
adjektīva (genitive singular)
adjektīvu (genitive plural)
adjektīvam (dative singular)
adjektīviem (dative plural)
adjektīvu (instrumental singular)
adjektīviem (instrumental plural)
adjektīvā (locative singular)
adjektīvos (locative plural)
adjektīv (singular vocative)
adjektīvi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin adiectīvus (“adjective”).

adjektīvu locīšana

adjektīvu salīdzināmās pakāpes


substantīvs

substantīvs (nominative singular)
substantīvi (nominative plural)
substantīvu (accusative singular)
substantīvus (accusative plural)
substantīva (genitive singular)
substantīvu (genitive plural)
substantīvam (dative singular)
substantīviem (dative plural)
substantīvu (instrumental singular)
substantīviem (instrumental plural)
substantīvā (locative singular)
substantīvos (locative plural)
substantīv (singular vocative)
substantīvi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin substantīvus (“substantive, self-existent”).

bor

verbāls substantīvs

(grammar) noun (a word used to refer to an entity, concept or idea)


numerālis

numerālis (nominative singular)
numerāļi (nominative plural)
numerāli (accusative singular)
numerāļus (accusative plural)
numerāļa (genitive singular)
numerāļu (genitive plural)
numerālim (dative singular)
numerāļiem (dative plural)
numerāli (instrumental singular)
numerāļiem (instrumental plural)
numerālī (locative singular)
numerāļos (locative plural)
numerāli (singular vocative)
numerāļi (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin numerālis (“numeral”).

decimāls numerālis

adjektīva un numerāļa izveide

the formation of adjectives and numerals

numerāļu locījumu formas

(grammar) numeral (a word used to indicate a number)


izsauksmes vārds

izsauksmes vārds (nominative singular)
izsauksmes vārdi (nominative plural)
izsauksmes vārdu (accusative singular)
izsauksmes vārdus (accusative plural)
izsauksmes vārda (genitive singular)
izsauksmes vārdu (genitive plural)
izsauksmes vārdam (dative singular)
izsauksmes vārdiem (dative plural)
izsauksmes vārdu (instrumental singular)
izsauksmes vārdiem (instrumental plural)
izsauksmes vārdā (locative singular)
izsauksmes vārdos (locative plural)
izsauksmes vārd (singular vocative)
izsauksmes vārdi (plural vocative)

izsauksmes vārdi ir skaniski signāli, kas vēstī par psihiskiem stāvokļiem

interjections are sound signals that tell about mental states


prievārds

prievārds (nominative singular)
prievārdi (nominative plural)
prievārdu (accusative singular)
prievārdus (accusative plural)
prievārda (genitive singular)
prievārdu (genitive plural)
prievārdam (dative singular)
prievārdiem (dative plural)
prievārdu (instrumental singular)
prievārdiem (instrumental plural)
prievārdā (locative singular)
prievārdos (locative plural)
prievārd (singular vocative)
prievārdi (plural vocative)

A new word, coined in the 1940s (mentioned in the 1942 Latvian Orthographic Dictionary, Latviešu Valodas Pareizrakstības Vārdnīca) to replace the previous expression satiksmes vārds (lit. “joining word”), from prie- (“front”) + vārds (“word”).

vairums mūsdienu latviešu literārajā valodā lietojamo prievārdu ir senas cilmes... tādi, piemēram, ir aiz, ap, ar, no, pa, pie, uz

most prepositions in use in the modern Latvian literary language are of old origin... such, for instance, are aiz, ap, ar, no, pa, pie, uz

(grammar) preposition (a word used to build a phrase with a noun to express an adverbial notion)


apstākļa vārds

apstākļa vārds (nominative singular)
apstākļa vārdi (nominative plural)
apstākļa vārdu (accusative singular)
apstākļa vārdus (accusative plural)
apstākļa vārda (genitive singular)
apstākļa vārdu (genitive plural)
apstākļa vārdam (dative singular)
apstākļa vārdiem (dative plural)
apstākļa vārdu (instrumental singular)
apstākļa vārdiem (instrumental plural)
apstākļa vārdā (locative singular)
apstākļa vārdos (locative plural)
apstākļa vārd (singular vocative)
apstākļa vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “circumstance word,” a calque of German Umstandswort coined by Andrejs Stērste in 1879.

apstākļa vārdu lietojums teikumā

apstākļa vārdu grupas

(grammar, linguistics) adverb (a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb, a phrase or a clause)


vietniekvārds

vietniekvārds (nominative singular)
vietniekvārdi (nominative plural)
vietniekvārdu (accusative singular)
vietniekvārdus (accusative plural)
vietniekvārda (genitive singular)
vietniekvārdu (genitive plural)
vietniekvārdam (dative singular)
vietniekvārdiem (dative plural)
vietniekvārdu (instrumental singular)
vietniekvārdiem (instrumental plural)
vietniekvārdā (locative singular)
vietniekvārdos (locative plural)
vietniekvārd (singular vocative)
vietniekvārdi (plural vocative)

From vietnieks (“replacement”) + vārds (“word”). A neologism coined by Juris Neikens as vietnieku vārds in 1850. The compound form originated and found wide acceptance in the 1930s.

compound

vietniekvārdu locīšana

nenoteiktie vietniekvārdi

jautājamie vietniekvārdi

norādāmie vietniekvārdi

personas vietniekvārds

piederības vietniekvārds

attieksmes, relatīvais vietniekvārds

vietniekvārdi pieder pie tām vārdu šķirām, kas ir aktīvas dažāda tipa tekstu veidošanas procesā

pronouns belong to those word classes which are active in different types of text-making processes

(grammar) pronoun (a word used to refer anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase)


saiklis

saiklis (nominative singular)
saikļi (nominative plural)
saikli (accusative singular)
saikļus (accusative plural)
saikļa (genitive singular)
saikļu (genitive plural)
saiklim (dative singular)
saikļiem (dative plural)
saikli (instrumental singular)
saikļiem (instrumental plural)
saiklī (locative singular)
saikļos (locative plural)
saikli (singular vocative)
saikļi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verb siet (“to tie, to bind”), with vowel change (ie > ai; cf. saite) and an extra suffix tl: *saitl- > saiklis. The original meaning was that of “tie,” “rope” (now saite), still attested dialectally; later on it took its current grammatical meaning, replacing earlier proposed forms like jūgu-vardiņi, biedrotājs and saišķis.

vienojuma, vienojamais saiklis

pretstatījuma, pretstata saiklis

paskaidrojuma saiklis

pieļāvuma saiklis


skaitļa vārds

skaitļa vārds (nominative singular)
skaitļa vārdi (nominative plural)
skaitļa vārdu (accusative singular)
skaitļa vārdus (accusative plural)
skaitļa vārda (genitive singular)
skaitļa vārdu (genitive plural)
skaitļa vārdam (dative singular)
skaitļa vārdiem (dative plural)
skaitļa vārdu (instrumental singular)
skaitļa vārdiem (instrumental plural)
skaitļa vārdā (locative singular)
skaitļa vārdos (locative plural)
skaitļa vārd (singular vocative)
skaitļa vārdi (plural vocative)

Literally “number word,” a calque of German Zahlwort coined by Juris Neikens in 1850 as skaitļa vārdiņš; later changed by Andrejs Stērste to skaitļa vārds, which became the standard form.

pamata skaitļa vārdi

kārtas skaitļa vārdi

skaitļa vārdu deklinācija


prepozīcija

prepozīcija (nominative singular)
prepozīcijas (nominative plural)
prepozīciju (accusative singular)
prepozīcijas (accusative plural)
prepozīcijas (genitive singular)
prepozīciju (genitive plural)
prepozīcijai (dative singular)
prepozīcijām (dative plural)
prepozīciju (instrumental singular)
prepozīcijām (instrumental plural)
prepozīcijā (locative singular)
prepozīcijās (locative plural)
prepozīcija (singular vocative)
prepozīcijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin praepositiō (“preposition”).

prepozīcija ir nelokāma vārdsķira

preposition is an uninflectable word class


valodniece

lv-noun

valodniece f (5th declension, masculine form: valodnieks)

valodnieks (masculine)
valodniece (nominative singular)
valodnieces (nominative plural)
valodnieci (accusative singular)
valodnieces (accusative plural)
valodnieces (genitive singular)
valodnieču (genitive plural)
valodniecei (dative singular)
valodniecēm (dative plural)
valodnieci (instrumental singular)
valodniecēm (instrumental plural)
valodniecē (locative singular)
valodniecēs (locative plural)
valodniece (singular vocative)
valodnieces (plural vocative)

From valoda (“language”) + -niece, or valodnieks (“linguist”) + -e (“fem.”) (the latter with palatalization of k to c).


Bībele

Bībele (nominative singular)
Bībeli (accusative singular)
Bībeles (genitive singular)
Bībelei (dative singular)
Bībeli (instrumental singular)
Bībelē (locative singular)
Bībele (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía, “books”), plural of βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”), originally a diminutive of βίβλος (bíblos, “book”), from βύβλος (búblos, “papyrus”) (from the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which exported this writing material).


bībele

bībele (nominative singular)
bībeles (nominative plural)
bībeli (accusative singular)
bībeles (accusative plural)
bībeles (genitive singular)
bībeļu (genitive plural)
bībelei (dative singular)
bībelēm (dative plural)
bībeli (instrumental singular)
bībelēm (instrumental plural)
bībelē (locative singular)
bībelēs (locative plural)
bībele (singular vocative)
bībeles (plural vocative)

(compare Bībele) a bible, a copy of the Bible


apstāklis

apstāklis (nominative singular)
apstākļi (nominative plural)
apstākli (accusative singular)
apstākļus (accusative plural)
apstākļa (genitive singular)
apstākļu (genitive plural)
apstāklim (dative singular)
apstākļiem (dative plural)
apstākli (instrumental singular)
apstākļiem (instrumental plural)
apstāklī (locative singular)
apstākļos (locative plural)
apstākli (singular vocative)
apstākļi (plural vocative)

Calque of German Umstand, coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1872 from ap- + the stem of the verb stāt (“to stop, to stand”) (q.v.) + -klis (cf. also apstāt (“to encircle, to surround”)). The term būšana (“being; situation”) had been previously used in this sense.

vietas apstāklis

lauka apstāklis

veida apstākļa palīgteikums

apstākļa vārds

(grammar, linguistics) circumstance, (adverbial) complement, adverbial


Korāns

Korāns (nominative singular)
Korānu (accusative singular)
Korāna (genitive singular)
Korānam (dative singular)
Korānu (instrumental singular)
Korānā (locative singular)
Korān (singular vocative)


kurdu valoda

kurdu valoda (nominative singular)
kurdu valodu (accusative singular)
kurdu valodas (genitive singular)
kurdu valodai (dative singular)
kurdu valodu (instrumental singular)
kurdu valodā (locative singular)
kurdu valoda (singular vocative)

Kurdish language (lit. language of the Kurds)


čehu valoda

čehu valoda (nominative singular)
čehu valodu (accusative singular)
čehu valodas (genitive singular)
čehu valodai (dative singular)
čehu valodu (instrumental singular)
čehu valodā (locative singular)
čehu valoda (singular vocative)

Czech language (lit. language of the Czechs)


nīderlandiešu valoda

nīderlandiešu valoda (nominative singular)
nīderlandiešu valodu (accusative singular)
nīderlandiešu valodas (genitive singular)
nīderlandiešu valodai (dative singular)
nīderlandiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
nīderlandiešu valodā (locative singular)
nīderlandiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Dutch language (lit. language of the Dutch)


dāņu valoda

dāņu valoda (nominative singular)
dāņu valodu (accusative singular)
dāņu valodas (genitive singular)
dāņu valodai (dative singular)
dāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
dāņu valodā (locative singular)
dāņu valoda (singular vocative)

Danish language (lit. language of the Danes)


gredzens

gredzens (nominative singular)
gredzeni (nominative plural)
gredzenu (accusative singular)
gredzenus (accusative plural)
gredzena (genitive singular)
gredzenu (genitive plural)
gredzenam (dative singular)
gredzeniem (dative plural)
gredzenu (instrumental singular)
gredzeniem (instrumental plural)
gredzenā (locative singular)
gredzenos (locative plural)
gredzen (singular vocative)
gredzeni (plural vocative)

From an earlier (unattested) Latvian adjective *gregs (“turned, twisted, woven”) or noun *gred(z)is (“bay, bent”) (cf. place names like Gredzups) + -ens, from a verb *gregt (“to turn, to twist, to weave, to braid”), from Proto-Baltic *greg-, from Proto-Indo-European *gerg-, *greg-, from a stem *ger- (“to turn, to twist”) (whence also griezt (“to turn”), q.v.) with an extra -g. The original meaning was “turned, bent, woven thing” > “round woven thing (like a wreath)” > “ring.” Cognates include Old Prussian graudis (corrected to grandis), Old Norse krākr (“bending, bay, hook”), Middle English crinkled (“turned, twisted”), English crinkle, Dutch krinkel (“loop, noose”).

cog

romāns radīts pēc gredzena principā

a roman written according to the principle of circularity

(literature) circle, circular (principle for composing works of art so that their end is equal or similar to their beginning)


lappuse

lappuse (nominative singular)
lappuses (nominative plural)
lappusi (accusative singular)
lappuses (accusative plural)
lappuses (genitive singular)
lappušu (genitive plural)
lappusei (dative singular)
lappusēm (dative plural)
lappusi (instrumental singular)
lappusēm (instrumental plural)
lappusē (locative singular)
lappusēs (locative plural)
lappuse (singular vocative)
lappuses (plural vocative)

From lapa (“leaf, sheet”) + puse (“side”).

lappušu numerācija

lasīt lappusi pēc lappuses

grāmatas, žurnāla, kalendāra lappuses

divsimt lappušu bieza grāmata

sākt, (pa)vērt jaunu vēstures lappusi

page (a stage in a sequence, in the development of something)


dziedonis

lv-noun

dziedonis m (2nd declension, feminine form: dziedone)

dziedone (feminine)
dziedonis (nominative singular)
dziedoņi (nominative plural)
dziedoni (accusative singular)
dziedoņus (accusative plural)
dziedoņa (genitive singular)
dziedoņu (genitive plural)
dziedonim (dative singular)
dziedoņiem (dative plural)
dziedoni (instrumental singular)
dziedoņiem (instrumental plural)
dziedonī (locative singular)
dziedoņos (locative plural)
dziedoni (singular vocative)
dziedoņi (plural vocative)

dziedoņa panākumu pamatā bija brīnumsiltais, maigais tembrs un lieliskā izpildījuma māka

the reason for the singer's success was (his) wonderfully warm, gentle timbre (= voice) and (his) superb performance skill


dziedātājs

dziedātājs m (1st declension, feminine form: dziedātāja)

dziedātāja (feminine)
dziedātājs (nominative singular)
dziedātāji (nominative plural)
dziedātāju (accusative singular)
dziedātājus (accusative plural)
dziedātāja (genitive singular)
dziedātāju (genitive plural)
dziedātājam (dative singular)
dziedātājiem (dative plural)
dziedātāju (instrumental singular)
dziedātājiem (instrumental plural)
dziedātājā (locative singular)
dziedātājos (locative plural)
dziedātāj (singular vocative)
dziedātāji (plural vocative)

From dziedāt (“to sing”) + -ājs (“-er”).

dziedātāja balss

dziedātājs jeb vokālists ir mūziķis, kura mūzikas instruments ir viņa balss saites

a singer or vocalist is a musician whose musical instrument(s) are his vocal cords

(male) singer, a (male) person (or animal, especially bird) that sings


dziedone

dziedone f (5th declension, masculine form: dziedonis)

dziedonis (masculine)
dziedone (nominative singular)
dziedones (nominative plural)
dziedoni (accusative singular)
dziedones (accusative plural)
dziedones (genitive singular)
dziedoņu (genitive plural)
dziedonei (dative singular)
dziedonēm (dative plural)
dziedoni (instrumental singular)
dziedonēm (instrumental plural)
dziedonē (locative singular)
dziedonēs (locative plural)
dziedone (singular vocative)
dziedones (plural vocative)

From dzied(āt) (“to sing”) + -one, or dziedonis (“singer”) + -e (“fem.”).

dziedones priekšnesumā dzirdam patiesu dvēseles drāmas atklāsmi

in the (female) singer's performance we hear a true revelation of the drama of the soul


dziedātāja

dziedātāja f (4th declension, masculine form: dziedātājs)

dziedātājs (masculine)
dziedātāja (nominative singular)
dziedātājas (nominative plural)
dziedātāju (accusative singular)
dziedātājas (accusative plural)
dziedātājas (genitive singular)
dziedātāju (genitive plural)
dziedātājai (dative singular)
dziedātājām (dative plural)
dziedātāju (instrumental singular)
dziedātājām (instrumental plural)
dziedātājā (locative singular)
dziedātājās (locative plural)
dziedātāja (singular vocative)
dziedātājas (plural vocative)

]
From dziedāt (“to sing”) + -āja (“-er”), or dziedātājs (“singer”) + -a (“fem.”).

dziedātājas balss

māte mani rātin rāja, / ka es liela dziedātāja / ko, māmiņa, es darīšu, / ja es jauna nedziedāšu?

my mother scolded me / (saying) that I am a great female singer / (but) what, mommy, will I do, / if I won't (= can't) sing again?

(female) singer, (female) person who sings


pildspalva

pildspalva (nominative singular)
pildspalvas (nominative plural)
pildspalvu (accusative singular)
pildspalvas (accusative plural)
pildspalvas (genitive singular)
pildspalvu (genitive plural)
pildspalvai (dative singular)
pildspalvām (dative plural)
pildspalvu (instrumental singular)
pildspalvām (instrumental plural)
pildspalvā (locative singular)
pildspalvās (locative plural)
pildspalva (singular vocative)
pildspalvas (plural vocative)

From pild(īt) (“to fill”) + spalva (“pen, feather”).

compound

lodīšu pildspalva

tintes pildspalva

iepildīit pildspalvā tinti

pen (small cylindrical instrument, containing ink, used to write)


amorfs

head

amorfs (definite amorfais, comparative amorfāks, superlative visamorfākais, adverb amorfi)

amorfais (definite)
amorfāks (comparative)
visamorfākais (superlative)
amorfi (adverb)
amorfs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
amorfi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
amorfa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
amorfas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
amorfu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
amorfus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
amorfu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
amorfas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
amorfa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
amorfu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
amorfas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
amorfu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
amorfam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
amorfiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
amorfai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
amorfām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
amorfu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
amorfiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
amorfu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
amorfām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
amorfā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
amorfos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
amorfā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
amorfās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἄμορφος (ámorphos, “without form, shapeless, deformed”), itself from ἀ- (a-, “without”) + μορφή (morphḗ, “form”).

uder

amorfās, izolējošās jeb sakņu valodas

(linguistics, of languages) isolating (having words formed only with roots, without affixes)


tintes pildspalva

tintes pildspalva (nominative singular)
tintes pildspalvas (nominative plural)
tintes pildspalvu (accusative singular)
tintes pildspalvas (accusative plural)
tintes pildspalvas (genitive singular)
tintes pildspalvu (genitive plural)
tintes pildspalvai (dative singular)
tintes pildspalvām (dative plural)
tintes pildspalvu (instrumental singular)
tintes pildspalvām (instrumental plural)
tintes pildspalvā (locative singular)
tintes pildspalvās (locative plural)
tintes pildspalva (singular vocative)
tintes pildspalvas (plural vocative)

fountain pen (pen with a reservoir of ink, automatically fed to a writing nib)


lodīšu pildspalva

lodīšu pildspalva (nominative singular)
lodīšu pildspalvas (nominative plural)
lodīšu pildspalvu (accusative singular)
lodīšu pildspalvas (accusative plural)
lodīšu pildspalvas (genitive singular)
lodīšu pildspalvu (genitive plural)
lodīšu pildspalvai (dative singular)
lodīšu pildspalvām (dative plural)
lodīšu pildspalvu (instrumental singular)
lodīšu pildspalvām (instrumental plural)
lodīšu pildspalvā (locative singular)
lodīšu pildspalvās (locative plural)
lodīšu pildspalva (singular vocative)
lodīšu pildspalvas (plural vocative)

ballpoint pen (pen with a small rolling ball at the tip)


tulkotājs

lv-noun

tulkotājs m (1st declension, feminine form: tulkotāja)

tulkotāja (feminine)
tulkotājs (nominative singular)
tulkotāji (nominative plural)
tulkotāju (accusative singular)
tulkotājus (accusative plural)
tulkotāja (genitive singular)
tulkotāju (genitive plural)
tulkotājam (dative singular)
tulkotājiem (dative plural)
tulkotāju (instrumental singular)
tulkotājiem (instrumental plural)
tulkotājā (locative singular)
tulkotājos (locative plural)
tulkotāj (singular vocative)
tulkotāji (plural vocative)

From tulkot (“to translate”) + -ājs (“-er”).

(male) translator (person who translates)


tulkotāja

tulkotāja f (4th declension, masculine form: tulkotājs)

tulkotājs (masculine)
tulkotāja (nominative singular)
tulkotājas (nominative plural)
tulkotāju (accusative singular)
tulkotājas (accusative plural)
tulkotājas (genitive singular)
tulkotāju (genitive plural)
tulkotājai (dative singular)
tulkotājām (dative plural)
tulkotāju (instrumental singular)
tulkotājām (instrumental plural)
tulkotājā (locative singular)
tulkotājās (locative plural)
tulkotāja (singular vocative)
tulkotājas (plural vocative)

From tulkot (“to translate”) + -āja (“-er”), or tulkotājs (“translator”) + -a (“fem.”).

(female) translator (person who translateses)


burtstabiņš

burtstabiņš (nominative singular)
burtstabiņi (nominative plural)
burtstabiņu (accusative singular)
burtstabiņus (accusative plural)
burtstabiņa (genitive singular)
burtstabiņu (genitive plural)
burtstabiņam (dative singular)
burtstabiņiem (dative plural)
burtstabiņu (instrumental singular)
burtstabiņiem (instrumental plural)
burtstabiņā (locative singular)
burtstabiņos (locative plural)
burtstabiņ (singular vocative)
burtstabiņi (plural vocative)

From burts (“letter”) + stabiņš (“block”) (with stabiņš from stabs (“pole, post”) + -iņš (“dim.”)).
Possibly a calque of German Buchstabe.

svina, koka burtstabiņi

(typography) type, font (typesetting printing unit; a little metal block with a letter engraved on one side)


šaurs

head

šaurs (definite šaurais, comparative šaurāks, superlative visšaurākais, adverb šauri)

šaurais (definite)
šaurāks (comparative)
visšaurākais (superlative)
šauri (adverb)
šaurs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
šauri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
šaura (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
šauras (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
šauru (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
šaurus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
šauru (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
šauras (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
šaura (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
šauru (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
šauras (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
šauru (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
šauram (dative indefinite masculine singular)
šauriem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
šaurai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
šaurām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
šauru (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
šauriem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
šauru (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
šaurām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
šaurā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
šauros (indefinite locative masculine plural)
šaurā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
šaurās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *siauras, from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to bend, to cut, to drive”), with a suffix *-ro. The meaning evolved from “bent (inward), concave” to “narrow.” Cognates include Lithuanian siaűras.
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁- (“to press, squeeze”) as in सुनोति (sunoti, “to press”).

der

šaurais patskanis

šaurais e, ē ― narrow, tense e, ē (i.e., [ɛ] instead of [æ])

(phonetics) narrow, tense (pronounced with relatively small mouth opening)


cē

Latin script
Appendix:Latin script#English

The Latvian name of the Latin script letter C/c.


garš

head

garš (definite garais, comparative garāks, superlative visgarākais, adverb gari)

garais (definite)
garāks (comparative)
visgarākais (superlative)
gari (adverb)
garš (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
gari (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
gara (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
garas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
garu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
garus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
garu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
garas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
gara (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
garu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
garas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
garu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
garam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
gariem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
garai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
garām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
garu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
gariem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
garu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
garām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
garā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
garos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
garā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
garās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From a derived adjective *gar-is of a masculine form *garyas, parallel to old neuter form *garyan (“forest, tree”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *garā́ˀ, from the o-grade form *gʷorH-eh₂ of Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (> *h₁egʷr-), meaning “mountain, peak” and secondarily “forest” (via, e.g., “mountain surrounded by forest”), from which also “tree”. Therefore, there originally was a noun garš meaning “forest, tree”, which apparently left traces in certain Kurzeme placenames (e.g., Garatmatas, a forest in Matkule), but eventually disappeared, perhaps due to homophony with its derived adjective garš (< *garis). This adjective probably meant at first “(high) like a mountain”, “(tall, slender) like a tree” and then simply “high, tall” > “long”. Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal (reduplicated) gargãras, gargar̃as, gingãras (“long, tall animal or person”), Old Prussian garian (“tree”), Russian, Ukrainian гора́ (gorá, “mountain”), Bulgarian гора́ (gorá, “forest, mountain”), Czech hora (“mountain”) (dialectal also “forest of large trees”), Polish góra (“mountain”) (dialectal also “attic, loft”), Serbo-Croatian dialectal gòra (“mountain, forest, tree”), Hittite [script needed] (ẖegur-, “cliff, peak, spike”).

cog

garš patskanis

gara zilbe

(phonetics, phonology) long (pronounced with longer duration)


zīmulis

zīmulis (nominative singular)
zīmuļi (nominative plural)
zīmuli (accusative singular)
zīmuļus (accusative plural)
zīmuļa (genitive singular)
zīmuļu (genitive plural)
zīmulim (dative singular)
zīmuļiem (dative plural)
zīmuli (instrumental singular)
zīmuļiem (instrumental plural)
zīmulī (locative singular)
zīmuļos (locative plural)
zīmuli (singular vocative)
zīmuļi (plural vocative)

Coined by Atis Kronvalds from zīme (“sign, symbol”) (q.v.) or zīmēt (“to draw”) ( + -ulis) around 1870.

smails zīmulis

rakstīt ar zīmuli

zīmuļa vilciens

zīmuļu asināmais

asināt zīmuli

krāsu, krāsainie zīmuļi

ciets, mīksts zīmulis

hard, soft pencil (i.e., with lead wears out slowly, or quickly)

pencil (instrument made of graphite or lead, usually inside a wooden frame, used for writing or drawing)


fonoloģija

fonoloģija (nominative singular)
fonoloģiju (accusative singular)
fonoloģijas (genitive singular)
fonoloģijai (dative singular)
fonoloģiju (instrumental singular)
fonoloģijā (locative singular)
fonoloģija (singular vocative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ, “sound”) and λόγος (lógos, “word, treatise”) + -ija).

latviešu valodas fonoloģija

phonology (science that studies how sounds function in languages; also specifically the study of the sound structure of a given language)


etimoloģija

etimoloģija (nominative singular)
etimoloģijas (nominative plural)
etimoloģiju (accusative singular)
etimoloģijas (accusative plural)
etimoloģijas (genitive singular)
etimoloģiju (genitive plural)
etimoloģijai (dative singular)
etimoloģijām (dative plural)
etimoloģiju (instrumental singular)
etimoloģijām (instrumental plural)
etimoloģijā (locative singular)
etimoloģijās (locative plural)
etimoloģija (singular vocative)
etimoloģijas (plural vocative)

Via some other European language, from Latin etymologia, from Ancient Greek ἐτυμολογία (etumología), from ἔτυμον (étumon, “true sense”) and -λογία (-logía, “study of”) (from λόγος (lógos)).

speciālists etimoloģijā

latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca

(linguistics, chiefly singular) etymology (science that studies the origins of words and morphemes).

pētīt, izskaidrot vārda etimoloģiju

to investigate, to explain the etymology of a word

(linguistics) etymology (the origin and historical development of a specific word or morpheme)


balsīgs

head

balsīgs (definite balsīgais, adverb balsīgi)

balsīgais (definite)
balsīgi (adverb)
balsīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
balsīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
balsīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
balsīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
balsīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
balsīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
balsīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
balsīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
balsīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
balsīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
balsīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
balsīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
balsīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
balsīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
balsīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
balsīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
balsīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
balsīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
balsīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
balsīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
balsīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
balsīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
balsīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
balsīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

patskaņi ir balsīgas skaņas

balsīgie līdzskaņi

balsīgie troksneņi

(phonetics, phonology) voiced (pronounced with simultaneous vibration of the vocal cords)


īss

īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi)

īsais (definite)
īsāks (comparative)
visīsākais (superlative)
īsi (adverb)
īss (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
īsi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
īsa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
īsas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
īsu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
īsus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
īsu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
īsas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
īsa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
īsu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
īsas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
īsu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
īsam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
īsiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
īsai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
īsām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
īsu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
īsiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
īsu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
īsām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
īsā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
īsos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
īsā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
īsās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *isas, *insas, from Proto-Indo-European *eis-, *is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”) (from earlier “to hit, to move, to drive”). This root may have resulted from metathesis of *sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”), whence sist (“to hit”). Semantic development: “to hit, to move” > “to knock down, to reduce (with a blow)” > “made smaller, shorter” (participle). Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal įsas, Old Prussian insan (accusative), Sanskrit ईषत् (iṣát, “a little, a few”) (< *iṇst).

īss patskanis

īsa zilbe

(phonetics, phonology) short (pronounced with relatively little duration)


lingviste

lv-noun

lingviste f (5th declension, masculine form: lingvists)

lingvists (masculine)
lingviste (nominative singular)
lingvistes (nominative plural)
lingvisti (accusative singular)
lingvistes (accusative plural)
lingvistes (genitive singular)
lingvistu (genitive plural)
lingvistei (dative singular)
lingvistēm (dative plural)
lingvisti (instrumental singular)
lingvistēm (instrumental plural)
lingvistē (locative singular)
lingvistēs (locative plural)
lingviste (singular vocative)
lingvistes (plural vocative)

From lingvists (“linguist”) + -e (“fem.”).

(female) linguist (a specialist in linguistics)


fonologs

fonologs m (1st declension, feminine form: fonoloģe)

fonoloģe (feminine)
fonologs (nominative singular)
fonologi (nominative plural)
fonologu (accusative singular)
fonologus (accusative plural)
fonologa (genitive singular)
fonologu (genitive plural)
fonologam (dative singular)
fonologiem (dative plural)
fonologu (instrumental singular)
fonologiem (instrumental plural)
fonologā (locative singular)
fonologos (locative plural)
fonolog (singular vocative)
fonologi (plural vocative)

(male) phonologist (a specialist in phonology)


tipoloģija

tipoloģija (nominative singular)
tipoloģijas (nominative plural)
tipoloģiju (accusative singular)
tipoloģijas (accusative plural)
tipoloģijas (genitive singular)
tipoloģiju (genitive plural)
tipoloģijai (dative singular)
tipoloģijām (dative plural)
tipoloģiju (instrumental singular)
tipoloģijām (instrumental plural)
tipoloģijā (locative singular)
tipoloģijās (locative plural)
tipoloģija (singular vocative)
tipoloģijas (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek τύπος (túpos, “mark, impression, type”) and λόγος (lógos, “word, study”), with the suffix -ία (-ía) (Latvian -ija).

cog

tipoloģijas paņēmieni

(chiefly in the singular) typology (method for grouping entities based on a finite number of abstract or idealized types)


tipologs

lv-noun

tipologs m (1st declension, feminine form: tipoloģe)

tipoloģe (feminine)
tipologs (nominative singular)
tipologi (nominative plural)
tipologu (accusative singular)
tipologus (accusative plural)
tipologa (genitive singular)
tipologu (genitive plural)
tipologam (dative singular)
tipologiem (dative plural)
tipologu (instrumental singular)
tipologiem (instrumental plural)
tipologā (locative singular)
tipologos (locative plural)
tipolog (singular vocative)
tipologi (plural vocative)

(male) typologist (a specialist in typology)


fonētika

fonētika (nominative singular)
fonētiku (accusative singular)
fonētikas (genitive singular)
fonētikai (dative singular)
fonētiku (instrumental singular)
fonētikā (locative singular)
fonētika (singular vocative)

izloksnes fonētika

phonetics (the set of sounds of a given language variety and their properties)


tipoloģe

tipoloģe f (5th declension, masculine form: tipologs)

tipologs (masculine)
tipoloģe (nominative singular)
tipoloģes (nominative plural)
tipoloģi (accusative singular)
tipoloģes (accusative plural)
tipoloģes (genitive singular)
tipoloģu (genitive plural)
tipoloģei (dative singular)
tipoloģēm (dative plural)
tipoloģi (instrumental singular)
tipoloģēm (instrumental plural)
tipoloģē (locative singular)
tipoloģēs (locative plural)
tipoloģe (singular vocative)
tipoloģes (plural vocative)

From tipologs (“typologist”) + -e (“fem.”) (with palatalization of g to ģ).

(female) typologist (a specialist in typology)


fonētiķis

fonētiķis m (2nd declension, feminine form: fonētiķe)

fonētiķe (feminine)
fonētiķis (nominative singular)
fonētiķi (nominative plural)
fonētiķi (accusative singular)
fonētiķus (accusative plural)
fonētiķa (genitive singular)
fonētiķu (genitive plural)
fonētiķim (dative singular)
fonētiķiem (dative plural)
fonētiķi (instrumental singular)
fonētiķiem (instrumental plural)
fonētiķī (locative singular)
fonētiķos (locative plural)
fonētiķi (singular vocative)
fonētiķi (plural vocative)

(male) phonetician (a specialist in phonetics)


fonētiķe

fonētiķe f (5th declension, masculine form: fonētiķis)

fonētiķis (masculine)
fonētiķe (nominative singular)
fonētiķes (nominative plural)
fonētiķi (accusative singular)
fonētiķes (accusative plural)
fonētiķes (genitive singular)
fonētiķu (genitive plural)
fonētiķei (dative singular)
fonētiķēm (dative plural)
fonētiķi (instrumental singular)
fonētiķēm (instrumental plural)
fonētiķē (locative singular)
fonētiķēs (locative plural)
fonētiķe (singular vocative)
fonētiķes (plural vocative)

From fonētiķis (“phoneticist”) + -e (“fem.”).

(female) phoneticist (a specialist in phonetics)


fonoloģe

fonoloģe f (5th declension, masculine form: fonologs)

fonologs (masculine)
fonoloģe (nominative singular)
fonoloģes (nominative plural)
fonoloģi (accusative singular)
fonoloģes (accusative plural)
fonoloģes (genitive singular)
fonoloģu (genitive plural)
fonoloģei (dative singular)
fonoloģēm (dative plural)
fonoloģi (instrumental singular)
fonoloģēm (instrumental plural)
fonoloģē (locative singular)
fonoloģēs (locative plural)
fonoloģe (singular vocative)
fonoloģes (plural vocative)

From fonologs (“phonologist”) + -e (“fem.”) (with palatalization of g to ģ).

(female) phonologist (a specialist in phonology)


filologs

filologs m (1st declension, feminine form: filoloģe)

filoloģe (feminine)
filologs (nominative singular)
filologi (nominative plural)
filologu (accusative singular)
filologus (accusative plural)
filologa (genitive singular)
filologu (genitive plural)
filologam (dative singular)
filologiem (dative plural)
filologu (instrumental singular)
filologiem (instrumental plural)
filologā (locative singular)
filologos (locative plural)
filolog (singular vocative)
filologi (plural vocative)

J. Endzelīna personība ir ietekmējuši vairākas latviešu filologu paaudzes

J. Endzelīns' personality has influenced many generations of Latvian philologists

(male) philologist (a specialist in philology)


filoloģe

filoloģe f (5th declension, masculine form: filologs)

filologs (masculine)
filoloģe (nominative singular)
filoloģes (nominative plural)
filoloģi (accusative singular)
filoloģes (accusative plural)
filoloģes (genitive singular)
filoloģu (genitive plural)
filoloģei (dative singular)
filoloģēm (dative plural)
filoloģi (instrumental singular)
filoloģēm (instrumental plural)
filoloģē (locative singular)
filoloģēs (locative plural)
filoloģe (singular vocative)
filoloģes (plural vocative)

From filologs (“philologist”) + -e (“fem.”) (with palatalization of g to ģ).

(female) philologist (a specialist in philology)


filoloģija

filoloģija (nominative singular)
filoloģiju (accusative singular)
filoloģijas (genitive singular)
filoloģijai (dative singular)
filoloģiju (instrumental singular)
filoloģijā (locative singular)
filoloģija (singular vocative)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek φιλολογία (philología, “love of argument or reasoning, love of learning and literature”), from φίλος (phílos, “loved, beloved, dear, friend”) and λόγος (lógos, “word; treaty; study of”) with the suffix -ία (-ía) (Latvian -ija).

uder

latviešu filoloģija

Latvian language and literature (lit. philology)

baltu filoloģija

Baltic language and literature (lit. philology)

philology, language and literature studies


krievu valoda

krievu valoda (nominative singular)
krievu valodu (accusative singular)
krievu valodas (genitive singular)
krievu valodai (dative singular)
krievu valodu (instrumental singular)
krievu valodā (locative singular)
krievu valoda (singular vocative)

Russian language (lit. language of the Russians)


angļu valoda

angļu valoda (nominative singular)
angļu valodu (accusative singular)
angļu valodas (genitive singular)
angļu valodai (dative singular)
angļu valodu (instrumental singular)
angļu valodā (locative singular)
angļu valoda (singular vocative)

angļu valodas gramatika

English language (lit. language of the English)


filoloģisks

head

filoloģisks (definite filoloģiskais, adverb filoloģiski)

filoloģiskais (definite)
filoloģiski (adverb)
filoloģisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
filoloģiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
filoloģiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
filoloģiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
filoloģisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
filoloģiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
filoloģisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
filoloģiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
filoloģiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
filoloģisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
filoloģiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
filoloģisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
filoloģiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
filoloģiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
filoloģiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
filoloģiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
filoloģisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
filoloģiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
filoloģisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
filoloģiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
filoloģiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
filoloģiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
filoloģiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
filoloģiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From filoloģija (“philology”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

filoloģiski pētījumi


tipoloģisks

tipoloģisks (definite tipoloģiskais, adverb tipoloģiski)

tipoloģiskais (definite)
tipoloģiski (adverb)
tipoloģisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
tipoloģiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
tipoloģiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
tipoloģiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
tipoloģisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
tipoloģiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
tipoloģisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
tipoloģiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
tipoloģiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
tipoloģisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
tipoloģiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
tipoloģisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
tipoloģiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
tipoloģiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
tipoloģiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
tipoloģiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
tipoloģisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
tipoloģiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
tipoloģisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
tipoloģiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
tipoloģiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
tipoloģiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
tipoloģiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
tipoloģiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From tipoloģija (“typology”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

valodu tipoloģiskā klasifikācija