valodniecisks

valodniecisks (definite valodnieciskais, adverb valodnieciski)

valodnieciskais (definite)
valodnieciski (adverb)
valodniecisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
valodnieciski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
valodnieciska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
valodnieciskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
valodniecisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
valodnieciskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
valodniecisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
valodnieciskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
valodnieciska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
valodniecisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
valodnieciskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
valodniecisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
valodnieciskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
valodnieciskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
valodnieciskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
valodnieciskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
valodniecisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
valodnieciskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
valodniecisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
valodnieciskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
valodnieciskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
valodnieciskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
valodnieciskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
valodnieciskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From valodnieks (“linguist”) + -isks (with k > c via palatalization).

valodniecisks pētījums


fonoloģisks

head

fonoloģisks (definite fonoloģiskais, adverb fonoloģiski)

fonoloģiskais (definite)
fonoloģiski (adverb)
fonoloģisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
fonoloģiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
fonoloģiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
fonoloģiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
fonoloģisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
fonoloģiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
fonoloģisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
fonoloģiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
fonoloģiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
fonoloģisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
fonoloģiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
fonoloģisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
fonoloģiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
fonoloģiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
fonoloģiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
fonoloģiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
fonoloģisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
fonoloģiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
fonoloģisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
fonoloģiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
fonoloģiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
fonoloģiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
fonoloģiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
fonoloģiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From fonoloģija (“phonology”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

valodas fonoloģiskās īpatnības

phonological (relating to the functions of sounds in language, or in a specific language)


lingvistisks

lingvistisks (definite lingvistiskais, adverb lingvistiski)

lingvistiskais (definite)
lingvistiski (adverb)
lingvistisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lingvistiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lingvistiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lingvistiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lingvistisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lingvistiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lingvistisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lingvistiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lingvistiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lingvistisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lingvistiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lingvistisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lingvistiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lingvistiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lingvistiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lingvistiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lingvistisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lingvistiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lingvistisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lingvistiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lingvistiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lingvistiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lingvistiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lingvistiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From lingvistika (“linguistics”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

lingvistisks pētījums, eksperiments

lingvistiskā analīze

lingvistiska vārdnīca

lingvistiska statistika

lingvistiskā stilistika

lingvistisks ģeogrāfija


botānisks

botānisks (definite botāniskais, adverb botāniski)

botāniskais (definite)
botāniski (adverb)
botānisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
botāniski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
botāniska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
botāniskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
botānisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
botāniskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
botānisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
botāniskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
botāniska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
botānisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
botāniskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
botānisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
botāniskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
botāniskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
botāniskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
botāniskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
botānisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
botāniskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
botānisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
botāniskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
botāniskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
botāniskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
botāniskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
botāniskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From botānika (“botany”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

botānisks muzejs

botānisks dārzs

botāniskais sastāvs


fonētisks

fonētisks (definite fonētiskais, comparative fonētiskāks, superlative visfonētiskākais, adverb fonētiski)

fonētiskais (definite)
fonētiskāks (comparative)
visfonētiskākais (superlative)
fonētiski (adverb)
fonētisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
fonētiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
fonētiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
fonētiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
fonētisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
fonētiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
fonētisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
fonētiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
fonētiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
fonētisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
fonētiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
fonētisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
fonētiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
fonētiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
fonētiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
fonētiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
fonētisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
fonētiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
fonētisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
fonētiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
fonētiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
fonētiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
fonētiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
fonētiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From fonētika (“phonetics”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

fonētiskā transkripcija

valodas fonētiskā sistēma

phonetic (relating to the sounds of language, or of a language variety)


vokālis

vokālis (nominative singular)
vokāļi (nominative plural)
vokāli (accusative singular)
vokāļus (accusative plural)
vokāļa (genitive singular)
vokāļu (genitive plural)
vokālim (dative singular)
vokāļiem (dative plural)
vokāli (instrumental singular)
vokāļiem (instrumental plural)
vokālī (locative singular)
vokāļos (locative plural)
vokāli (singular vocative)
vokāļi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Latin vōcālis (“voiced”).

ritma, lāpāmais vokālis

rhythmic vowel (added for prosodic or metric reasons)


divskanis

divskanis (nominative singular)
divskaņi (nominative plural)
divskani (accusative singular)
divskaņus (accusative plural)
divskaņa (genitive singular)
divskaņu (genitive plural)
divskanim (dative singular)
divskaņiem (dative plural)
divskani (instrumental singular)
divskaņiem (instrumental plural)
divskanī (locative singular)
divskaņos (locative plural)
divskani (singular vocative)
divskaņi (plural vocative)

Coined by Andrejs Stērste in 1879, from div(i) (“two”) + skan(ēt) (“to sound”).

latviešu valodas divskaņi

(phonetics, phonology) diphthong (sequence of two different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


patskanis

patskanis (nominative singular)
patskaņi (nominative plural)
patskani (accusative singular)
patskaņus (accusative plural)
patskaņa (genitive singular)
patskaņu (genitive plural)
patskanim (dative singular)
patskaņiem (dative plural)
patskani (instrumental singular)
patskaņiem (instrumental plural)
patskanī (locative singular)
patskaņos (locative plural)
patskani (singular vocative)
patskaņi (plural vocative)

From pats (“self”) + skan(ēt) (“to sound”), made into a 2nd-declension noun (ending -is). A calque of German Selbstlaut (“vowel”) coined by Atis Kronvalds in the 1860s (initially as pašskanis). It competed with, and eventually replaced, other coinages such as G. F. Stenders' skandinieks, K. Biezbārdis' skanis, or A. Stērste's balsskanis. There was some variation (patskanis, pašskaņa, patskaņa) until the early 20th century. After J. Endzelīns' and K. Mīlenbahs' 1907 Latviešu Gramatika, the form patskanis stabilized. It became accepted as a standard linguistic term in the 1920s.

uzsvērti un neuzsvērti patskaņi

garie un īsie patskaņi

patskaņu klasifikācija

šaurais patskanis (“e” vai “ē”) ― narrow, tense vowel (“e” or “ē”, pronounced as IPA [ɛ])

platais patskanis (“e” vai “ē”) ― broad, lax vowel (“e” or “ē”, pronounced as IPA [æ])

ritma, lāpāmais patskanis


triftongs

triftongs (nominative singular)
triftongi (nominative plural)
triftongu (accusative singular)
triftongus (accusative plural)
triftonga (genitive singular)
triftongu (genitive plural)
triftongam (dative singular)
triftongiem (dative plural)
triftongu (instrumental singular)
triftongiem (instrumental plural)
triftongā (locative singular)
triftongos (locative plural)
triftong (singular vocative)
triftongi (plural vocative)

A borrowing, via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek τρία (tría, “three”) and φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”).

triftonga komponenti

(phonetics, phonology) triphthong (sequence of three different vowels pronounced in one syllable)


līdzskanis

līdzskanis (nominative singular)
līdzskaņi (nominative plural)
līdzskani (accusative singular)
līdzskaņus (accusative plural)
līdzskaņa (genitive singular)
līdzskaņu (genitive plural)
līdzskanim (dative singular)
līdzskaņiem (dative plural)
līdzskani (instrumental singular)
līdzskaņiem (instrumental plural)
līdzskanī (locative singular)
līdzskaņos (locative plural)
līdzskani (singular vocative)
līdzskaņi (plural vocative)

A term coined by Atis Kronvalds in the second half of the 19th century, from līdz(i) (“(together) with”) + skan(ēt) (“to sound”), made into a 2nd-declension noun (ending -is). It is a calque of German Mitlaut, from mit (“with”) and Laut (“sound”), itself a calque of Latin cōnsonans, from cōn- (“with”) and sonō (“to sound”).
It (and its alternative form līdzskaņa) competed with other proposed coinages, such as K. Biezbārdis' klaudzis and M. Kaudzīte's neskanis, until the end of the 19th century. After J. Endzelīns' and K. Mīlenbahs' 1907 Latviešu Gramatika, the form līdzskanis stabilized. It became accepted as a standard linguistic term in the 1920s.

compound

balsīgi un nebalsīgi līdzskaņi

dubultoti līdzskaņi

līdzskaņu klasifikācija

cietais līdzskanis

mīkstais līdzskanis

(phonetics, phonology) consonant (language sound pronounced with some kind of obstruction in the vocal tract)


skaņa

skaņa (nominative singular)
skaņas (nominative plural)
skaņu (accusative singular)
skaņas (accusative plural)
skaņas (genitive singular)
skaņu (genitive plural)
skaņai (dative singular)
skaņām (dative plural)
skaņu (instrumental singular)
skaņām (instrumental plural)
skaņā (locative singular)
skaņās (locative plural)
skaņa (singular vocative)
skaņas (plural vocative)

A 17th-century derivation from the stem of the verb skanēt (“to sound”) (q.v.): *skan-ya > skaņa, alongside the simpler (dialectal) form skans.

valodas skaņu klasifikācija

īsa, gara skaņa

skaņu kvantitāte, kvalitāte

laringāla skaņa

skaņu mija

(linguistics, phonetics) sound (smallest articulatory unit in language)


aktīvs

aktīvs (nominative singular)
aktīvi (nominative plural)
aktīvu (accusative singular)
aktīvus (accusative plural)
aktīva (genitive singular)
aktīvu (genitive plural)
aktīvam (dative singular)
aktīviem (dative plural)
aktīvu (instrumental singular)
aktīviem (instrumental plural)
aktīvā (locative singular)
aktīvos (locative plural)
aktīv (singular vocative)
aktīvi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin activus indirectly through some other European language.


veids

veids (nominative singular)
veidi (nominative plural)
veidu (accusative singular)
veidus (accusative plural)
veida (genitive singular)
veidu (genitive plural)
veidam (dative singular)
veidiem (dative plural)
veidu (instrumental singular)
veidiem (instrumental plural)
veidā (locative singular)
veidos (locative plural)
veid (singular vocative)
veidi (plural vocative)

Originally a dialectal word meaning “face, appearance”, from the (dialectal) verb viest (“to perceive, to sense, to see”) (compare viedoklis (“viewpoint”)), ultimately from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wéiˀdas, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyd-os ~ *wéyd-es-os, from *weyd- (“to see”).
veids was brought to the literary language by Atis Kronvalds in 1869 with a broadened meaning “form, type, way”, apparently following the example of Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, shape, appearance, look”).
Cognates
Cognates include Lithuanian véidas (“face, cheeks”), Old Church Slavonic видь (vidĭ), Russian вид (vid, “appearance, manner”), Sanskrit वेद (véda, “knowledge, perception”), Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, shape, appearance, look”).

cog

nepabeigtais darbības vārda veids

imperfective (lit. unfinished) verbal aspect

pabeigtais jeb perfektīvais verba veids raksturo savā norisē ierobežotu darbību

the finished or perfective verbal aspect characterizes a limited action in its own development

(grammar) aspect (verbal category which presents the action in its development, as complete or incomplete, repeated, ongoing, etc.)


pasīvs

pasīvs (nominative singular)
pasīvi (nominative plural)
pasīvu (accusative singular)
pasīvus (accusative plural)
pasīva (genitive singular)
pasīvu (genitive plural)
pasīvam (dative singular)
pasīviem (dative plural)
pasīvu (instrumental singular)
pasīviem (instrumental plural)
pasīvā (locative singular)
pasīvos (locative plural)
pasīv (singular vocative)
pasīvi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin passivus, probably via some other European language, adapted to fit Latvian patterns ( + -īvs).


mašīntulkošana

mašīntulkošana (nominative singular)
mašīntulkošanu (accusative singular)
mašīntulkošanas (genitive singular)
mašīntulkošanai (dative singular)
mašīntulkošanu (instrumental singular)
mašīntulkošanā (locative singular)
mašīntulkošana (singular vocative)

From mašīna (“machine”) + tulkošana (“translation”) (with tulkošana from tulko(t) (“to translate”) + -šana).

compound

kā darbojas mašīntulkošana?

par patstāvīgu pētniecības virzienu ar savām problēmām un grūtībām kļuvusi mašīntulkošana

machine translation has become an independent research direction with its own problems and difficulties

machine translation (automatic translation by a computer program)


tulkošana

tulkošana (nominative singular)
tulkošanas (nominative plural)
tulkošanu (accusative singular)
tulkošanas (accusative plural)
tulkošanas (genitive singular)
tulkošanu (genitive plural)
tulkošanai (dative singular)
tulkošanām (dative plural)
tulkošanu (instrumental singular)
tulkošanām (instrumental plural)
tulkošanā (locative singular)
tulkošanās (locative plural)
tulkošana (singular vocative)
tulkošanas (plural vocative)

tulkošanas pakalpojumi

sinhronā tulkošana

secīgā tulkošana

čuksttulkošana

mašīntulkošana

translation, translating; verbal noun of tulkot


tulks

tulks (nominative singular)
tulki (nominative plural)
tulku (accusative singular)
tulkus (accusative plural)
tulka (genitive singular)
tulku (genitive plural)
tulkam (dative singular)
tulkiem (dative plural)
tulku (instrumental singular)
tulkiem (instrumental plural)
tulkā (locative singular)
tulkos (locative plural)
tulk (singular vocative)
tulki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic тълкъ (tŭlkŭ, “interpreter; interpretation, explanation”) (compare Russian толк (tolk, “sense, judgment”), толковать (tolkovatʹ, “to explain, to interpret”)). The Old East Slavic term is etymologically related to Latin loquī (“to speak”). The term was borrowed into Latvian at some point up to the 13th century and was first mentioned in 17th-century sources, already in its present form.

bor

gadījies arī bez tulka starpniecības sarunāties ar somu jūrniekiem

it happened (= was possible) also to talk with Finnish sailors without the help of an interpreter

nepieciešamība pēc tulkošanas un tulkiem radās jau sirmā senatnē

the need for translation and interpreters, translators arose already in ancient times

translator, interpreter (a person who translates texts, utterances, etc. into another language)


fotografēt

head

fotografēt (transitive, 2nd conjugation, present fotografēju, fotografē, fotografē, past fotografēju)

conjugation (second-person)
fotografēju (present)
fotografē (present)
fotografēju (past)
fotografēju (first-person indicative present singular)
fotografēju (first-person indicative past singular)
fotografēšu (first-person future indicative singular)
fotografē (indicative present second-person singular)
fotografēji (indicative past second-person singular)
fotografēsi (future indicative second-person singular)
fotografē (imperative second-person singular)
fotografē (indicative present singular third-person)
fotografēja (indicative past singular third-person)
fotografēs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai fotografē (imperative singular third-person)
fotografējam (first-person indicative plural present)
fotografējām (first-person indicative past plural)
fotografēsim (first-person future indicative plural)
fotografēsim (first-person imperative plural)
fotografējat (indicative plural present second-person)
fotografējāt (indicative past plural second-person)
fotografēsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
fotografēsit (future indicative plural second-person)
fotografējiet (imperative plural second-person)
fotografē (indicative plural present third-person)
fotografēja (indicative past plural third-person)
fotografēs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai fotografē (imperative plural third-person)
fotografējot (present renarrative)
fotografējošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot fotografējis (past renarrative)
fotografēdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
fotografēšot (future renarrative)
fotografējot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai fotografējot (imperative)
fotografējam (active participle participle-4 present)
fotografējis (active participle past)
fotografētu (conditional present)
fotografējams (participle passive present)
būtu fotografējis (conditional past)
fotografēts (participle passive past)
jāfotografē (debitive indicative)
būt jāfotografē (debitive indicative)
fotografēt (infinitive)
esot jāfotografē (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nefotografēt (infinitive negative)
jāfotografējot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
fotografēšana (noun-from-verb)

Via some other European language, ultimately a modern coinage based on Ancient Greek φῶς (phôs, “light”) (combining form φωτ- (phōt-)) and γράφω (gráphō, “to scratch, to scrape, to graze; to write”).

fotografēt augus, dzīvniekus

mācīties fotografēt

to learn how to take pictures, to learn photography

sveiks, Edik! nāku tevi fotografēt goda plāksnei

hi, Ediks! I'm coming to photograph you for an honorary plaque

to photograph, to take a photograph, a picture (to capture an image with a photographic camera)


pļāpāt

pļāpāt (transitive or intransitive, 2nd conjugation, present pļāpāju, pļāpā, pļāpā, past pļāpāju)

conjugation (second-person)
pļāpāju (present)
pļāpā (present)
pļāpāju (past)
pļāpāju (first-person indicative present singular)
pļāpāju (first-person indicative past singular)
pļāpāšu (first-person future indicative singular)
pļāpā (indicative present second-person singular)
pļāpāji (indicative past second-person singular)
pļāpāsi (future indicative second-person singular)
pļāpā (imperative second-person singular)
pļāpā (indicative present singular third-person)
pļāpāja (indicative past singular third-person)
pļāpās (future indicative singular third-person)
lai pļāpā (imperative singular third-person)
pļāpājam (first-person indicative plural present)
pļāpājām (first-person indicative past plural)
pļāpāsim (first-person future indicative plural)
pļāpāsim (first-person imperative plural)
pļāpājat (indicative plural present second-person)
pļāpājāt (indicative past plural second-person)
pļāpāsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
pļāpāsit (future indicative plural second-person)
pļāpājiet (imperative plural second-person)
pļāpā (indicative plural present third-person)
pļāpāja (indicative past plural third-person)
pļāpās (future indicative plural third-person)
lai pļāpā (imperative plural third-person)
pļāpājot (present renarrative)
pļāpājošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot pļāpājis (past renarrative)
pļāpādams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
pļāpāšot (future renarrative)
pļāpājot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai pļāpājot (imperative)
pļāpājam (active participle participle-4 present)
pļāpājis (active participle past)
pļāpātu (conditional present)
pļāpājams (participle passive present)
būtu pļāpājis (conditional past)
pļāpāts (participle passive past)
jāpļāpā (debitive indicative)
būt jāpļāpā (debitive indicative)
pļāpāt (infinitive)
esot jāpļāpā (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nepļāpāt (infinitive negative)
jāpļāpājot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
pļāpāšana (noun-from-verb)

From Proto-Indo-European *bel-, *pel-, *bla-, *pla-, an onomatopoeic stem that imitates human speech. Apparently, this stem was reduplicated in pļāpāt and underwent expressive palatalization (pl > pļ). Cognates include Lithuanian plõpti, pliõpti, pliopóti, German plappern.

veci cilvēki daudz pļāpā

bet man gribas tikai niekus pļāpāt

but I feel like just chatting about unimportant things

ārsts nemēdza pļāpāt par delikatām lietām

the doctor tends not to chatter, gossip about sensitive issues

to chat, to chatter, to babble, to gossip (to talk about minor, unimportant topics)


tintnīca

tintnīca (nominative singular)
tintnīcas (nominative plural)
tintnīcu (accusative singular)
tintnīcas (accusative plural)
tintnīcas (genitive singular)
tintnīcu (genitive plural)
tintnīcai (dative singular)
tintnīcām (dative plural)
tintnīcu (instrumental singular)
tintnīcām (instrumental plural)
tintnīcā (locative singular)
tintnīcās (locative plural)
tintnīca (singular vocative)
tintnīcas (plural vocative)

viņš bija nopirkt tintnīcu

ar knipi atsitu vaļā tintnīcu, ņemu savu labāko, iecienītāko spalvu...

with a flip I open the inkwell, I take my best, favorite pen...

prāvai, baltai marmora tintnīcai cieši blakus nolikta blāvi zila porcelāna vāzīte, tajā trīs caurspīdīgi spalvaskāti

right next to the large, white marmor inkwell was a little pale white porcelain vase, in it three transparent penholders

inkwell (an ink container used for writing with a pen)


fotogrāfe

lv-noun

fotogrāfe m (1st declension, masculine form: fotogrāfs)

fotogrāfs (masculine)
fotogrāfe (nominative singular)
fotogrāfes (nominative plural)
fotogrāfi (accusative singular)
fotogrāfes (accusative plural)
fotogrāfes (genitive singular)
fotogrāfu (genitive plural)
fotogrāfei (dative singular)
fotogrāfēm (dative plural)
fotogrāfi (instrumental singular)
fotogrāfēm (instrumental plural)
fotogrāfē (locative singular)
fotogrāfēs (locative plural)
fotogrāfe (singular vocative)
fotogrāfes (plural vocative)

From fotogrāfs (“photographer”) + -e (“[fem.]”).

suffix

putnu fotogrāfe Selga Bērziņa no Liepājas iemūžinājusi putnus savas mājas dārzā, kur iekārtojusi putnu barotavu

the bird photographer Selga Bērziņa from Liepāja has immortalized the birds in her house garden, which she decorated with bird feeders

(female) photographer (woman who takes photographs, typically as an occupation; a specialist in photography)


fotogrāfs

lv-noun

fotogrāfs m (1st declension, feminine form: fotogrāfe)

fotogrāfe (feminine)
fotogrāfs (nominative singular)
fotogrāfi (nominative plural)
fotogrāfu (accusative singular)
fotogrāfus (accusative plural)
fotogrāfa (genitive singular)
fotogrāfu (genitive plural)
fotogrāfam (dative singular)
fotogrāfiem (dative plural)
fotogrāfu (instrumental singular)
fotogrāfiem (instrumental plural)
fotogrāfā (locative singular)
fotogrāfos (locative plural)
fotogrāf (singular vocative)
fotogrāfi (plural vocative)

redakcijas fotogrāfs

mākslas fotogrāfs

doties pie fotogrāfa

mācīties par fotogrāfu

Pavločevs turēja rokās stūri tik cītīgi, it ka pozētu fotogrāfam

Pavločevs held the steering wheel tight in his hands, as if posing to a photographer

mūsu fotogrāfi aizvien biežāk rīko portretu izstādes

our photographers are organizing portrait exhibitions increasingly more often

(male) photographer (man who takes photographs, typically as an occupation; a specialist in photography)


fotogrāfija

fotogrāfija (nominative singular)
fotogrāfijas (nominative plural)
fotogrāfiju (accusative singular)
fotogrāfijas (accusative plural)
fotogrāfijas (genitive singular)
fotogrāfiju (genitive plural)
fotogrāfijai (dative singular)
fotogrāfijām (dative plural)
fotogrāfiju (instrumental singular)
fotogrāfijām (instrumental plural)
fotogrāfijā (locative singular)
fotogrāfijās (locative plural)
fotogrāfija (singular vocative)
fotogrāfijas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian фотогра́фія (fotográfija), ultimately a modern coinage based on Ancient Greek φῶς (phôs, “light”) (combining form φωτ- (phōt-)) and γράφω (gráphō, “to scratch, to scrape, to graze; to write”) + -ija.

fotogrāfija ir optisku, mehānisku, elektrisku un ķīmisku procesu komplekss

photography is a complex of optical, mechanical, electrical and chemical processes

(usually in the singular) photography (the technique of making pictures with a camera)

šodien fotogrāfija izaugusi par pastāvīgu mākslu

today, photography has grown into an independent (form of) art

(usually in the singular) photography (the art and craft of photograph and image making)


latvju valoda

latvju valoda (nominative singular)
latvju valodu (accusative singular)
latvju valodas (genitive singular)
latvju valodai (dative singular)
latvju valodu (instrumental singular)
latvju valodā (locative singular)
latvju valoda (singular vocative)

Latvian language (lit. language of the Latvians)


latviešu valoda

latviešu valoda (nominative singular)
latviešu valodu (accusative singular)
latviešu valodas (genitive singular)
latviešu valodai (dative singular)
latviešu valodu (instrumental singular)
latviešu valodā (locative singular)
latviešu valoda (singular vocative)


holandiešu valoda

holandiešu valoda (nominative singular)
holandiešu valodu (accusative singular)
holandiešu valodas (genitive singular)
holandiešu valodai (dative singular)
holandiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
holandiešu valodā (locative singular)
holandiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Dutch language (lit. language of the Dutch)


japāņu valoda

japāņu valoda (nominative singular)
japāņu valodu (accusative singular)
japāņu valodas (genitive singular)
japāņu valodai (dative singular)
japāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
japāņu valodā (locative singular)
japāņu valoda (singular vocative)

Japanese language (lit. language of the Japanese)


leišu valoda

leišu valoda (nominative singular)
leišu valodu (accusative singular)
leišu valodas (genitive singular)
leišu valodai (dative singular)
leišu valodu (instrumental singular)
leišu valodā (locative singular)
leišu valoda (singular vocative)

Lithuanian language (lit. language of the Lithuanians)


igauņu valoda

igauņu valoda (nominative singular)
igauņu valodu (accusative singular)
igauņu valodas (genitive singular)
igauņu valodai (dative singular)
igauņu valodu (instrumental singular)
igauņu valodā (locative singular)
igauņu valoda (singular vocative)

Estonian language (lit. language of the Estonians)


poļu valoda

poļu valoda (nominative singular)
poļu valodu (accusative singular)
poļu valodas (genitive singular)
poļu valodai (dative singular)
poļu valodu (instrumental singular)
poļu valodā (locative singular)
poļu valoda (singular vocative)

Polish language (lit. language of the Poles)


lietuviešu valoda

lietuviešu valoda (nominative singular)
lietuviešu valodu (accusative singular)
lietuviešu valodas (genitive singular)
lietuviešu valodai (dative singular)
lietuviešu valodu (instrumental singular)
lietuviešu valodā (locative singular)
lietuviešu valoda (singular vocative)


somu valoda

somu valoda (nominative singular)
somu valodu (accusative singular)
somu valodas (genitive singular)
somu valodai (dative singular)
somu valodu (instrumental singular)
somu valodā (locative singular)
somu valoda (singular vocative)

Finnish language (lit. language of the Finns)


zviedru valoda

zviedru valoda (nominative singular)
zviedru valodu (accusative singular)
zviedru valodas (genitive singular)
zviedru valodai (dative singular)
zviedru valodu (instrumental singular)
zviedru valodā (locative singular)
zviedru valoda (singular vocative)

Swedish language (lit. language of the Swedes)


spāņu valoda

spāņu valoda (nominative singular)
spāņu valodu (accusative singular)
spāņu valodas (genitive singular)
spāņu valodai (dative singular)
spāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
spāņu valodā (locative singular)
spāņu valoda (singular vocative)

Spanish language (lit. language of the Spaniards)


spāniešu valoda

spāniešu valoda (nominative singular)
spāniešu valodu (accusative singular)
spāniešu valodas (genitive singular)
spāniešu valodai (dative singular)
spāniešu valodu (instrumental singular)
spāniešu valodā (locative singular)
spāniešu valoda (singular vocative)

Spanish (lit. language of the Spaniards)


franču valoda

franču valoda (nominative singular)
franču valodu (accusative singular)
franču valodas (genitive singular)
franču valodai (dative singular)
franču valodu (instrumental singular)
franču valodā (locative singular)
franču valoda (singular vocative)

French language (lit. language of the French)


vācu valoda

vācu valoda (nominative singular)
vācu valodu (accusative singular)
vācu valodas (genitive singular)
vācu valodai (dative singular)
vācu valodu (instrumental singular)
vācu valodā (locative singular)
vācu valoda (singular vocative)

German language (lit. language of the Germans)


grieķu valoda

grieķu valoda (nominative singular)
grieķu valodu (accusative singular)
grieķu valodas (genitive singular)
grieķu valodai (dative singular)
grieķu valodu (instrumental singular)
grieķu valodā (locative singular)
grieķu valoda (singular vocative)

Greek language (lit. language of the Greeks)


velsiešu valoda

velsiešu valoda (nominative singular)
velsiešu valodu (accusative singular)
velsiešu valodas (genitive singular)
velsiešu valodai (dative singular)
velsiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
velsiešu valodā (locative singular)
velsiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Welsh language (lit. language of the Welsh)


īru valoda

īru valoda (nominative singular)
īru valodu (accusative singular)
īru valodas (genitive singular)
īru valodai (dative singular)
īru valodu (instrumental singular)
īru valodā (locative singular)
īru valoda (singular vocative)

Irish language (lit. language of the Irish)


dzimte

dzimte (nominative singular)
dzimtes (nominative plural)
dzimti (accusative singular)
dzimtes (accusative plural)
dzimtes (genitive singular)
dzimšu (genitive plural)
dzimtei (dative singular)
dzimtēm (dative plural)
dzimti (instrumental singular)
dzimtēm (instrumental plural)
dzimtē (locative singular)
dzimtēs (locative plural)
dzimte (singular vocative)
dzimtes (plural vocative)

From dzimt + -e, coined by Latvian poet, publicist and linguist Juris Alunāns in the late 19th century.

coin

Angļu valodā nav lietvārdu dzimtes.

The English language does not distinguish the gender of nouns.

(linguistics, grammar) gender (the grammatical form of a noun that indicates gender or formal membership of a gender - feminine, masculine or neuter)


galotne

galotne (nominative singular)
galotnes (nominative plural)
galotni (accusative singular)
galotnes (accusative plural)
galotnes (genitive singular)
galotņu (genitive plural)
galotnei (dative singular)
galotnēm (dative plural)
galotni (instrumental singular)
galotnēm (instrumental plural)
galotnē (locative singular)
galotnēs (locative plural)
galotne (singular vocative)
galotnes (plural vocative)

From gals (“end”) + -otne. This word was first used in the grammatical sense of “ending” by Andrejs Stērste in 1879 and was soon accepted into the standard language.

lietvārda galotnes

noteiktā galotne

nenoteiktā galotne

indefinite ending (i.e., indefinite form)

norīt galotnes

to swallow the endings (i.e., to pronounce the word endings badly, unclearly, or not at all)

(linguistics, grammar) ending (the part at the end of a word that changes when it is conjugated, declined, etc.; the final, inflectional suffix of an inflected word)


tagadne

tagadne (nominative singular)
tagadni (accusative singular)
tagadnes (genitive singular)
tagadnei (dative singular)
tagadni (instrumental singular)
tagadnē (locative singular)
tagadne (singular vocative)

Coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, from tagad (“now”) + -ne, at first in the form tagadiene, later on (in the 1870s) in its present form. As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

vienkāršā, saliktā tagadne

tagadnes lokāmais divdabis

(linguistics, grammar) present tense (a verb form describing an action that happens in the present time, at the moment of speech)


tagadnes laiks

tagadnes laiks (nominative singular)
tagadnes laiku (accusative singular)
tagadnes laika (genitive singular)
tagadnes laikam (dative singular)
tagadnes laiku (instrumental singular)
tagadnes laikā (locative singular)
tagadnes laik (singular vocative)

(linguistics, grammar) present tense (linguistic form used in reference to events in the present)


pagātnes laiks

pagātnes laiks (nominative singular)
pagātnes laiku (accusative singular)
pagātnes laika (genitive singular)
pagātnes laikam (dative singular)
pagātnes laiku (instrumental singular)
pagātnes laikā (locative singular)
pagātnes laik (singular vocative)

(linguistics, grammar) past tense (linguistic form used in reference to events in the past)


pagātne

pagātne (nominative singular)
pagātni (accusative singular)
pagātnes (genitive singular)
pagātnei (dative singular)
pagātni (instrumental singular)
pagātnē (locative singular)
pagātne (singular vocative)

A neologism coined from pagā(jis) (“gone, passed”) + -tne by Atis Kronvalds in 1873, as a calque of German Vergangenheit (“past”), from past participle vergangen (“gone, passed”)). As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

vienkāršā, saliktā pagātne

(linguistics, grammar) past (verb form describing an action that happens before the current time, before the time of speech)


nākotnes laiks

nākotnes laiks (nominative singular)
nākotnes laiku (accusative singular)
nākotnes laika (genitive singular)
nākotnes laikam (dative singular)
nākotnes laiku (instrumental singular)
nākotnes laikā (locative singular)
nākotnes laik (singular vocative)

(linguistics, grammar) future tense (linguistic form used in reference to events in the future)


nākotne

nākotne (nominative singular)
nākotni (accusative singular)
nākotnes (genitive singular)
nākotnei (dative singular)
nākotni (instrumental singular)
nākotnē (locative singular)
nākotne (singular vocative)

From nāk(t) (“to come”) + -otne. A neologism coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, initially in the form nākote, then nākatne. The modern form was later introduced by Krišjānis Valdemārs and Fricis Brīvzemnieks. As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

vienkāršā, saliktā nākotne

pārveidot darbības vārdu nākotnes formā

(linguistics, grammar) future (verb form describing an action that will happen after the current time, after the time of speech)


divdabis

divdabis (nominative singular)
divdabji (nominative plural)
divdabi (accusative singular)
divdabjus (accusative plural)
divdabja (genitive singular)
divdabju (genitive plural)
divdabim (dative singular)
divdabjiem (dative plural)
divdabi (instrumental singular)
divdabjiem (instrumental plural)
divdabī (locative singular)
divdabjos (locative plural)
divdabi (singular vocative)
divdabji (plural vocative)

From divi (“two”) + daba (“nature”), made into a masculine 2nd-declension noun (nominative ending -is).

divdabja teiciens

mūsdienu latviešu valodā ir četri lokāmie divdabji

in the modern Latvian language there are four inflecting participles

(linguistics, grammar) participle (a verb form having both verbal and adjectival or adverbial properties)


lietuvju valoda

lietuvju valoda (nominative singular)
lietuvju valodu (accusative singular)
lietuvju valodas (genitive singular)
lietuvju valodai (dative singular)
lietuvju valodu (instrumental singular)
lietuvju valodā (locative singular)
lietuvju valoda (singular vocative)

Lithuanian language (lit. language of the Lithuanians)


izteiksme

izteiksme (nominative singular)
izteiksmes (nominative plural)
izteiksmi (accusative singular)
izteiksmes (accusative plural)
izteiksmes (genitive singular)
izteiksmju (genitive plural)
izteiksmei (dative singular)
izteiksmēm (dative plural)
izteiksmi (instrumental singular)
izteiksmēm (instrumental plural)
izteiksmē (locative singular)
izteiksmēs (locative plural)
izteiksme (singular vocative)
izteiksmes (plural vocative)

From izteik(t) (“to express”) + -sme (with izteikt from iz- + teikt (“to say, to tell”)). In the grammatical sense, this term was first used in 1889 by A. Stērste; previously other expressions had been used (izteikšana, izteikšanas kārta).

latviešu valodā verbam ir piecas izteiksmes jeb modi: īstenības izteiksme jeb indikatīvs, pavēles izteiksme jeb imperatīvs, vajadzības izteiksme jeb debitīvs, vēlējuma izteiksme jeb kondicionālis un atstāstījuma izteiksme jeb relatīvais mods

in the Latvian language (there) are five moods: the real mood or indicative, the ordering mood or imperative, the necessity mood or debitive, the wishful mood or conditional, and the telling mood or relative mood

(grammar, linguistics) mood (grammatical category that expresses the relation of the action described by a verb to reality)


pavēle

pavēle (nominative singular)
pavēles (nominative plural)
pavēli (accusative singular)
pavēles (accusative plural)
pavēles (genitive singular)
pavēļu (genitive plural)
pavēlei (dative singular)
pavēlēm (dative plural)
pavēli (instrumental singular)
pavēlēm (instrumental plural)
pavēlē (locative singular)
pavēlēs (locative plural)
pavēle (singular vocative)
pavēles (plural vocative)

From pa- + vēle (“will, wish”). The original meaning was “permission; wish;” apparently, this word was influenced by the similar-sounding German Befehl (“order, command”), and changed its meaning accordingly.

pavēles izteiksme

(linguistics, grammar) imperative (mood)


portugāļu valoda

portugāļu valoda (nominative singular)
portugāļu valodu (accusative singular)
portugāļu valodas (genitive singular)
portugāļu valodai (dative singular)
portugāļu valodu (instrumental singular)
portugāļu valodā (locative singular)
portugāļu valoda (singular vocative)

Portuguese language (lit. language of the Portuguese)


ukraiņu valoda

ukraiņu valoda (nominative singular)
ukraiņu valodu (accusative singular)
ukraiņu valodas (genitive singular)
ukraiņu valodai (dative singular)
ukraiņu valodu (instrumental singular)
ukraiņu valodā (locative singular)
ukraiņu valoda (singular vocative)

Ukrainian language (lit. language of the Ukrainians)


ķīniešu valoda

ķīniešu valoda (nominative singular)
ķīniešu valodu (accusative singular)
ķīniešu valodas (genitive singular)
ķīniešu valodai (dative singular)
ķīniešu valodu (instrumental singular)
ķīniešu valodā (locative singular)
ķīniešu valoda (singular vocative)

Chinese language (lit. language of the Chinese), including standard Mandarin Chinese, but also other Chinese dialects


mandarīnu valoda

mandarīnu valoda (nominative singular)
mandarīnu valodu (accusative singular)
mandarīnu valodas (genitive singular)
mandarīnu valodai (dative singular)
mandarīnu valodu (instrumental singular)
mandarīnu valodā (locative singular)
mandarīnu valoda (singular vocative)

(standard) Mandarin Chinese language (lit. language of the mandarins)


rumāņu valoda

rumāņu valoda (nominative singular)
rumāņu valodu (accusative singular)
rumāņu valodas (genitive singular)
rumāņu valodai (dative singular)
rumāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
rumāņu valodā (locative singular)
rumāņu valoda (singular vocative)

Romanian language (lit. language of the Romanians)


bulgāru valoda

bulgāru valoda (nominative singular)
bulgāru valodu (accusative singular)
bulgāru valodas (genitive singular)
bulgāru valodai (dative singular)
bulgāru valodu (instrumental singular)
bulgāru valodā (locative singular)
bulgāru valoda (singular vocative)

Bulgarian language (lit. language of the Bulgarians)


albāņu valoda

albāņu valoda (nominative singular)
albāņu valodu (accusative singular)
albāņu valodas (genitive singular)
albāņu valodai (dative singular)
albāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
albāņu valodā (locative singular)
albāņu valoda (singular vocative)

albāņu valodas gramatika

Albanian language (lit. language of the Albanians)


norvēģu valoda

norvēģu valoda (nominative singular)
norvēģu valodu (accusative singular)
norvēģu valodas (genitive singular)
norvēģu valodai (dative singular)
norvēģu valodu (instrumental singular)
norvēģu valodā (locative singular)
norvēģu valoda (singular vocative)

Norwegian language (lit. language of the Norwegians)


jaunnorvēģu valoda

jaunnorvēģu valoda (nominative singular)
jaunnorvēģu valodu (accusative singular)
jaunnorvēģu valodas (genitive singular)
jaunnorvēģu valodai (dative singular)
jaunnorvēģu valodu (instrumental singular)
jaunnorvēģu valodā (locative singular)
jaunnorvēģu valoda (singular vocative)

Nynorsk, new Norwegian (one of the two standardized forms of the Norwegian language)


būkmols

būkmols (nominative singular)
būkmolu (accusative singular)
būkmola (genitive singular)
būkmolam (dative singular)
būkmolu (instrumental singular)
būkmolā (locative singular)
būkmol (singular vocative)

būkmols, līdz 1929 pazīstams kā riksmols, ir viena no divām norvēģu standarta valodām

Bokmål, until 1929 known as Riksmål, is one of the two Norwegian standard languages

Bokmål (one of the two standardized forms of the Norwegian language)


riksmols

riksmols (nominative singular)
riksmolu (accusative singular)
riksmola (genitive singular)
riksmolam (dative singular)
riksmolu (instrumental singular)
riksmolā (locative singular)
riksmol (singular vocative)

Riksmål (a more conservative form of Bokmål, one of the two standardized forms of the Norwegian language)


slovēņu valoda

slovēņu valoda (nominative singular)
slovēņu valodu (accusative singular)
slovēņu valodas (genitive singular)
slovēņu valodai (dative singular)
slovēņu valodu (instrumental singular)
slovēņu valodā (locative singular)
slovēņu valoda (singular vocative)

Slovene language (lit. language of the Slovenes)


ungāru valoda

ungāru valoda (nominative singular)
ungāru valodu (accusative singular)
ungāru valodas (genitive singular)
ungāru valodai (dative singular)
ungāru valodu (instrumental singular)
ungāru valodā (locative singular)
ungāru valoda (singular vocative)

Hungarian language (lit. language of the Hungarians)


slovāku valoda

slovāku valoda (nominative singular)
slovāku valodu (accusative singular)
slovāku valodas (genitive singular)
slovāku valodai (dative singular)
slovāku valodu (instrumental singular)
slovāku valodā (locative singular)
slovāku valoda (singular vocative)

Slovak language (lit. language of the Slovaks)


islandiešu valoda

islandiešu valoda (nominative singular)
islandiešu valodu (accusative singular)
islandiešu valodas (genitive singular)
islandiešu valodai (dative singular)
islandiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
islandiešu valodā (locative singular)
islandiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Icelandic language (lit. language of the Icelanders)


īslandiešu valoda

īslandiešu valoda (nominative singular)
īslandiešu valodu (accusative singular)
īslandiešu valodas (genitive singular)
īslandiešu valodai (dative singular)
īslandiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
īslandiešu valodā (locative singular)
īslandiešu valoda (singular vocative)

islandiešu valoda
islandiešu valoda#Latvian

Icelandic language; alternative form of islandiešu valoda


baltkrievu valoda

baltkrievu valoda (nominative singular)
baltkrievu valodu (accusative singular)
baltkrievu valodas (genitive singular)
baltkrievu valodai (dative singular)
baltkrievu valodu (instrumental singular)
baltkrievu valodā (locative singular)
baltkrievu valoda (singular vocative)

Belarusian language (lit. language of the Belarusians)


serbu valoda

serbu valoda (nominative singular)
serbu valodu (accusative singular)
serbu valodas (genitive singular)
serbu valodai (dative singular)
serbu valodu (instrumental singular)
serbu valodā (locative singular)
serbu valoda (singular vocative)

Serbian language (lit. language of the Serbs)


horvātu valoda

horvātu valoda (nominative singular)
horvātu valodu (accusative singular)
horvātu valodas (genitive singular)
horvātu valodai (dative singular)
horvātu valodu (instrumental singular)
horvātu valodā (locative singular)
horvātu valoda (singular vocative)

Croatian language (lit. language of the Croats)


bosniešu valoda

bosniešu valoda (nominative singular)
bosniešu valodu (accusative singular)
bosniešu valodas (genitive singular)
bosniešu valodai (dative singular)
bosniešu valodu (instrumental singular)
bosniešu valodā (locative singular)
bosniešu valoda (singular vocative)

Bosnian language (lit. language of the Bosnians)


melnkalniešu valoda

melnkalniešu valoda (nominative singular)
melnkalniešu valodu (accusative singular)
melnkalniešu valodas (genitive singular)
melnkalniešu valodai (dative singular)
melnkalniešu valodu (instrumental singular)
melnkalniešu valodā (locative singular)
melnkalniešu valoda (singular vocative)

Montenegrin language (lit. language of the Montenegrins)


serbhorvātu valoda

serbhorvātu valoda (nominative singular)
serbhorvātu valodu (accusative singular)
serbhorvātu valodas (genitive singular)
serbhorvātu valodai (dative singular)
serbhorvātu valodu (instrumental singular)
serbhorvātu valodā (locative singular)
serbhorvātu valoda (singular vocative)

Serbo-Croatian language (lit. language of the Serbo-Croats)


maķedoniešu valoda

maķedoniešu valoda (nominative singular)
maķedoniešu valodu (accusative singular)
maķedoniešu valodas (genitive singular)
maķedoniešu valodai (dative singular)
maķedoniešu valodu (instrumental singular)
maķedoniešu valodā (locative singular)
maķedoniešu valoda (singular vocative)

Macedonian language (lit. language of the Macedonians)


luksemburgiešu valoda

lv-noun

luskemburgiešu valoda f (4th declension)

luskemburgiešu valoda (canonical feminine)
luksemburgiešu valoda (nominative singular)
luksemburgiešu valodu (accusative singular)
luksemburgiešu valodas (genitive singular)
luksemburgiešu valodai (dative singular)
luksemburgiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
luksemburgiešu valodā (locative singular)
luksemburgiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Luxembourgish language (lit. language of the Bosnians)


turku valoda

turku valoda (nominative singular)
turku valodu (accusative singular)
turku valodas (genitive singular)
turku valodai (dative singular)
turku valodu (instrumental singular)
turku valodā (locative singular)
turku valoda (singular vocative)

Turkish language (lit. language of the Turks)


moldāvu valoda

moldāvu valoda (nominative singular)
moldāvu valodu (accusative singular)
moldāvu valodas (genitive singular)
moldāvu valodai (dative singular)
moldāvu valodu (instrumental singular)
moldāvu valodā (locative singular)
moldāvu valoda (singular vocative)

Moldovan language (lit. language of the Moldovanss)


moldāviešu valoda

moldāviešu valoda (nominative singular)
moldāviešu valodu (accusative singular)
moldāviešu valodas (genitive singular)
moldāviešu valodai (dative singular)
moldāviešu valodu (instrumental singular)
moldāviešu valodā (locative singular)
moldāviešu valoda (singular vocative)


armēņu valoda

armēņu valoda (nominative singular)
armēņu valodu (accusative singular)
armēņu valodas (genitive singular)
armēņu valodai (dative singular)
armēņu valodu (instrumental singular)
armēņu valodā (locative singular)
armēņu valoda (singular vocative)

armēņu valodas gramatika

Armenian language (lit. language of the Armenians)


gruzīnu valoda

gruzīnu valoda (nominative singular)
gruzīnu valodu (accusative singular)
gruzīnu valodas (genitive singular)
gruzīnu valodai (dative singular)
gruzīnu valodu (instrumental singular)
gruzīnu valodā (locative singular)
gruzīnu valoda (singular vocative)

Georgian language (lit. language of the Georgians)


maltiešu valoda

maltiešu valoda (nominative singular)
maltiešu valodu (accusative singular)
maltiešu valodas (genitive singular)
maltiešu valodai (dative singular)
maltiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
maltiešu valodā (locative singular)
maltiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Maltese language (lit. language of the Maltese)


azerbaidžāņu valoda

azerbaidžāņu valoda (nominative singular)
azerbaidžāņu valodu (accusative singular)
azerbaidžāņu valodas (genitive singular)
azerbaidžāņu valodai (dative singular)
azerbaidžāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
azerbaidžāņu valodā (locative singular)
azerbaidžāņu valoda (singular vocative)

Azerbaijani language (lit. language of the Azerbaijani)


azerbaidžāniešu valoda

azerbaidžāniešu valoda f (4th declension)

azerbaidžāniešu valoda (nominative singular)
azerbaidžāniešu valodu (accusative singular)
azerbaidžāniešu valodas (genitive singular)
azerbaidžāniešu valodai (dative singular)
azerbaidžāniešu valodu (instrumental singular)
azerbaidžāniešu valodā (locative singular)
azerbaidžāniešu valoda (singular vocative)


kazahu valoda

kazahu valoda (nominative singular)
kazahu valodu (accusative singular)
kazahu valodas (genitive singular)
kazahu valodai (dative singular)
kazahu valodu (instrumental singular)
kazahu valodā (locative singular)
kazahu valoda (singular vocative)

Kazakh language (lit. language of the Kazakhs)


arābu valoda

arābu valoda (nominative singular)
arābu valodu (accusative singular)
arābu valodas (genitive singular)
arābu valodai (dative singular)
arābu valodu (instrumental singular)
arābu valodā (locative singular)
arābu valoda (singular vocative)

arābu valodas gramatika

Arabic language (lit. language of the Arabs)


nepāliešu valoda

nepāliešu valoda (nominative singular)
nepāliešu valodu (accusative singular)
nepāliešu valodas (genitive singular)
nepāliešu valodai (dative singular)
nepāliešu valodu (instrumental singular)
nepāliešu valodā (locative singular)
nepāliešu valoda (singular vocative)

Nepali language (lit. language of the Nepali)


taju valoda

taju valoda (nominative singular)
taju valodu (accusative singular)
taju valodas (genitive singular)
taju valodai (dative singular)
taju valodu (instrumental singular)
taju valodā (locative singular)
taju valoda (singular vocative)

Thai language (lit. language of the Thai)


taizemiešu valoda

taizemiešu valoda (nominative singular)
taizemiešu valodu (accusative singular)
taizemiešu valodas (genitive singular)
taizemiešu valodai (dative singular)
taizemiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
taizemiešu valodā (locative singular)
taizemiešu valoda (singular vocative)


tajiešu valoda

tajiešu valoda (nominative singular)
tajiešu valodu (accusative singular)
tajiešu valodas (genitive singular)
tajiešu valodai (dative singular)
tajiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
tajiešu valodā (locative singular)
tajiešu valoda (singular vocative)


indoeiropiete

indoeiropiete f (5th declension, masculine form: indoeiropietis)

indoeiropietis (masculine)
indoeiropiete (nominative singular)
indoeiropietes (nominative plural)
indoeiropieti (accusative singular)
indoeiropietes (accusative plural)
indoeiropietes (genitive singular)
indoeiropiešu (genitive plural)
indoeiropietei (dative singular)
indoeiropietēm (dative plural)
indoeiropieti (instrumental singular)
indoeiropietēm (instrumental plural)
indoeiropietē (locative singular)
indoeiropietēs (locative plural)
indoeiropiete (singular vocative)
indoeiropietes (plural vocative)

From indoeiropietis (“Indo-European (man)”) + -e (“fem.”).

suffix

somietes, igaunietes un ungārietes nav indoeiropietes

Finish, Estonian and Hungarian women are not Indo-European women

an Indo-European woman, a female member of the ancient Indo-European people or one of their descendants


indoeiropietis

lv-noun

indoeiropietis m (2nd declension, feminine form: indoeiropiete)

indoeiropiete (feminine)
indoeiropietis (nominative singular)
indoeiropieši (nominative plural)
indoeiropieti (accusative singular)
indoeiropiešus (accusative plural)
indoeiropieša (genitive singular)
indoeiropiešu (genitive plural)
indoeiropietim (dative singular)
indoeiropiešiem (dative plural)
indoeiropieti (instrumental singular)
indoeiropiešiem (instrumental plural)
indoeiropietī (locative singular)
indoeiropiešos (locative plural)
indoeiropieti (singular vocative)
indoeiropieši (plural vocative)

From Indija (“India”) + eiropietis (“European”) (indo- is a nationality prefix corresponding to India), following the pattern of other similar formations in other European languages (cf. German Indoeuropäer, Russian индоевропе́ец (indojevropéjec), all tracing back to Sir Thomas Young's original English 1813 coinage Indo-European).

cog

индоевропе́ец

indoeiropiešu valodas

indoeiropiešu valodu saime

indoeiropiešu pirmvaloda

indoeiropiešu valodniecība

indoeiropiešu tautas

indoeiropiešu reliģija

indoeiropiešu mitoloģija

indoeiropiešu kultūra

(genitive plural) Indo-European; pertaining to the Indo-Europeans and their language; pertaining to the present-day peoples and languages descended from Proto-Indo-European


indoeiropeisks

head

indoeiropeisks (definite indoeiropeiskais, comparative indoeiropeiskāks, superlative visindoeiropeiskākais, adverb indoeiropeiski)

indoeiropeiskais (definite)
indoeiropeiskāks (comparative)
visindoeiropeiskākais (superlative)
indoeiropeiski (adverb)
indoeiropeisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
indoeiropeiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
indoeiropeiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
indoeiropeiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
indoeiropeisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
indoeiropeiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
indoeiropeisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
indoeiropeiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
indoeiropeiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
indoeiropeisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
indoeiropeiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
indoeiropeisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
indoeiropeiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
indoeiropeiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
indoeiropeiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
indoeiropeiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
indoeiropeisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
indoeiropeiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
indoeiropeisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
indoeiropeiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
indoeiropeiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
indoeiropeiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
indoeiropeiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
indoeiropeiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Indija (“India”) + eiropeisks (“European”) (indo- is a nationality prefix corresponding to India), following the pattern of other similar formations in other European languages (cf. German indoeuropäisch, Russian индоевропе́йский (indojevropéjskij), all tracing back to Sir Thomas Young's original English 1813 coinage Indo-European).

cog

индоевропе́йский

indoeiropeiskais kalendārs

indoeiropeiskas izcelsmes dievi

indoeiropeiskas cilmes vārds

a word of (= from) an Indo-European stem

viņu valodai nav indoeiropeiskas nokrāsas

their language does not have an Indo-European flavor (lit. shade)

Indo-European (relating to the presumed Indo-European people, to their presumed language, Proto-Indo-European, or their culture; relating to the present-day languages, peoples and cultures derived from the ancient Proto-Indo-Europeans)


mongoļu valoda

mongoļu valoda (nominative singular)
mongoļu valodu (accusative singular)
mongoļu valodas (genitive singular)
mongoļu valodai (dative singular)
mongoļu valodu (instrumental singular)
mongoļu valodā (locative singular)
mongoļu valoda (singular vocative)

Mongol language (lit. language of the Mongols)


latīņu valoda

latīņu valoda (nominative singular)
latīņu valodu (accusative singular)
latīņu valodas (genitive singular)
latīņu valodai (dative singular)
latīņu valodu (instrumental singular)
latīņu valodā (locative singular)
latīņu valoda (singular vocative)

Latin language (lit. language of the Latins)


internacionālisms

internacionālisms (nominative singular)
internacionālismi (nominative plural)
internacionālismu (accusative singular)
internacionālismus (accusative plural)
internacionālisma (genitive singular)
internacionālismu (genitive plural)
internacionālismam (dative singular)
internacionālismiem (dative plural)
internacionālismu (instrumental singular)
internacionālismiem (instrumental plural)
internacionālismā (locative singular)
internacionālismos (locative plural)
internacionālism (singular vocative)
internacionālismi (plural vocative)

From internacionāls (“international”) + -isms. Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

suffix

līdzās nacionālajiem aizguvumiem latviešu valodā sastopami arī internacionāli aizguvumi jeb internacionālismi

alongside national borrowings there are in the Latvian language also international borrowings or internationalisms

lielai daļai internacionālo vārdu latviešu valodā nav nemaz tik īss mūžs; šie vārdi latviešu valodā sāka ieplūst ar Brīvzemnieka un Valdemāra vārdnīcām, kas ir pirmās latviešu vārdnīcu vidū, kur ietilpināti arī internacionālismi

a large part of the international words in the Latvian language does not at all have such a short life; these words began to flow into the Latvian language with Brīvzemnieks' and Valdemārs' dictionaries, which were the first among Latvian dictionaries in which internationalisms were also included

(linguistics) a loanword borrowed into many languages


korejiešu valoda

korejiešu valoda (nominative singular)
korejiešu valodu (accusative singular)
korejiešu valodas (genitive singular)
korejiešu valodai (dative singular)
korejiešu valodu (instrumental singular)
korejiešu valodā (locative singular)
korejiešu valoda (singular vocative)

Korean language (lit. language of the Koreans)


uzbeku valoda

uzbeku valoda (nominative singular)
uzbeku valodu (accusative singular)
uzbeku valodas (genitive singular)
uzbeku valodai (dative singular)
uzbeku valodu (instrumental singular)
uzbeku valodā (locative singular)
uzbeku valoda (singular vocative)

Uzbek language (lit. language of the Uzbeks)


katalāņu valoda

katalāņu valoda (nominative singular)
katalāņu valodu (accusative singular)
katalāņu valodas (genitive singular)
katalāņu valodai (dative singular)
katalāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
katalāņu valodā (locative singular)
katalāņu valoda (singular vocative)

Catalan language (lit. language of the Catalans)


kirgīzu valoda

kirgīzu valoda (nominative singular)
kirgīzu valodu (accusative singular)
kirgīzu valodas (genitive singular)
kirgīzu valodai (dative singular)
kirgīzu valodu (instrumental singular)
kirgīzu valodā (locative singular)
kirgīzu valoda (singular vocative)

Kyrgyz language (lit. language of the Kyrgyz)


tadžiku valoda

tadžiku valoda (nominative singular)
tadžiku valodu (accusative singular)
tadžiku valodas (genitive singular)
tadžiku valodai (dative singular)
tadžiku valodu (instrumental singular)
tadžiku valodā (locative singular)
tadžiku valoda (singular vocative)

Tajik language (lit. language of the Tajiks)


turkmēņu valoda

turkmēņu valoda (nominative singular)
turkmēņu valodu (accusative singular)
turkmēņu valodas (genitive singular)
turkmēņu valodai (dative singular)
turkmēņu valodu (instrumental singular)
turkmēņu valodā (locative singular)
turkmēņu valoda (singular vocative)

Turkmen language (lit. language of the Turkmen)


produktivitāte

produktivitāte (nominative singular)
produktivitāti (accusative singular)
produktivitātes (genitive singular)
produktivitātei (dative singular)
produktivitāti (instrumental singular)
produktivitātē (locative singular)
produktivitāte (singular vocative)

From produktīvs (“productive”) + -itāte (with produktīvs from produkts (“product”) + -īvs). Probably not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

piedēkļa produktivitāte

(linguistics) productivity (capacity of being regularly used to form words)


vokālists

lv-noun

vokālists m (1st declension, feminine form: vokāliste)

vokāliste (feminine)
vokālists (nominative singular)
vokālisti (nominative plural)
vokālistu (accusative singular)
vokālistus (accusative plural)
vokālista (genitive singular)
vokālistu (genitive plural)
vokālistam (dative singular)
vokālistiem (dative plural)
vokālistu (instrumental singular)
vokālistiem (instrumental plural)
vokālistā (locative singular)
vokālistos (locative plural)
vokālist (singular vocative)
vokālisti (plural vocative)

From vokāls (“vocal”) + -ists. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

perspektīvs vokālists

piedalīties jauno vokālistu konkursā

to participate in the young vocalists contest

vai dzirdat, kā orķestris tiek savaldīts, kā salejas vienkopus ar vokālistiem?

do you hear how the orchestra is disciplined, how it pours itself all together with the vocalists


vokāliste

vokāliste f (5th declension, masculine form: vokālists)

vokālists (masculine)
vokāliste (nominative singular)
vokālistes (nominative plural)
vokālisti (accusative singular)
vokālistes (accusative plural)
vokālistes (genitive singular)
vokālistu (genitive plural)
vokālistei (dative singular)
vokālistēm (dative plural)
vokālisti (instrumental singular)
vokālistēm (instrumental plural)
vokālistē (locative singular)
vokālistēs (locative plural)
vokāliste (singular vocative)
vokālistes (plural vocative)

From vokālists (“vocalist”) + -e (“fem.”).

vokāliste no Latvijas plūc laurus konkursā Igaunijā

a female vocalist from Latvia reaped the laurels (= won) in a contest in Estonia


produktīvs

head

produktīvs (definite produktīvais, comparative produktīvāks, superlative visproduktīvākais, adverb produktīvi)

produktīvais (definite)
produktīvāks (comparative)
visproduktīvākais (superlative)
produktīvi (adverb)
produktīvs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
produktīvi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
produktīva (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
produktīvas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
produktīvu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
produktīvus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
produktīvu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
produktīvas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
produktīva (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
produktīvu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
produktīvas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
produktīvu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
produktīvam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
produktīviem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
produktīvai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
produktīvām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
produktīvu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
produktīviem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
produktīvu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
produktīvām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
produktīvā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
produktīvos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
produktīvā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
produktīvās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From produkts (“product”) + -īvs. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

produktīvs priedēklis, piedēklis

(linguistics, of morphological processes) productive (frequently used to form new words)


dziesma

dziesma (nominative singular)
dziesmas (nominative plural)
dziesmu (accusative singular)
dziesmas (accusative plural)
dziesmas (genitive singular)
dziesmu (genitive plural)
dziesmai (dative singular)
dziesmām (dative plural)
dziesmu (instrumental singular)
dziesmām (instrumental plural)
dziesmā (locative singular)
dziesmās (locative plural)
dziesma (singular vocative)
dziesmas (plural vocative)

From the same stem as dziedāt (q.v.), i.e., either from an earlier verb *dziet, or directly from a stem like *gied-, with an extra -s + -ma. Cognates include Lithuanian giesmė̃ (“spiritual, solemn song”). A connection between dziesma and gaisma (“light”) has been suggested, given the similarity between their basic Proto-Indo-European stems (*gēy- “to sing, to call, to shout” and *gʰēy- “shiny, bright”) and the idea of saluting the dawn: an original verb *gēy-t(e)y may have meant both “to become light” and “to salute the light (by singing)” (cf. also gailis (“cock, rooster”), a word also possibly related to gaisma and dziesma).

cog

solo dziesma

kora dziesma

masu dziesma

liriski romantiska dziesma

šūpļa dziesma, šūpuļdziesma

dziesmas teksts

dziesmas melodija

tautas dziesma

dziesmu krājums

dziesmu svētki

dziesmu grāmata

dziesma bez vārdiem

song without lyrics (instrumental music)

klausīties lakstīgalas dziesmā

gaiļa dziesma

circeņa dziesma

(of birds, some insects) song (melodious sounds produced by the male to find and attract females)


smaids

smaids (nominative singular)
smaidi (nominative plural)
smaidu (accusative singular)
smaidus (accusative plural)
smaida (genitive singular)
smaidu (genitive plural)
smaidam (dative singular)
smaidiem (dative plural)
smaidu (instrumental singular)
smaidiem (instrumental plural)
smaidā (locative singular)
smaidos (locative plural)
smaid (singular vocative)
smaidi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verb smaidīt (“to smile”) (q.v.), made into a first declension masculine noun (ending -s).

sirsnīgs smaids

labvēlīgs smaids

saulains smaids

savilkt lūpas smaidā

izspiest smaidu

to squeeze out a smile (to force oneself to smile)

tavs smaids tik skaists un nemirstošs

šim jaunajam bija labs smaids: silts un kautrīgs

this young one had a good smile: warm and shy

smile (facial expression, in which the ends of one's mouth are raised and the front teeth are shown, used to indicate happiness, cheerfulness, satisfaction, kindness, or pleasure)


smaidīt

head

smaidīt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present smaidu, smaidi, smaida, past smaidīju)

conjugation (third-person)
smaidu (present)
smaidi (present)
smaida (present)
smaidīju (past)
smaidu (first-person indicative present singular)
smaidīju (first-person indicative past singular)
smaidīšu (first-person future indicative singular)
smaidi (indicative present second-person singular)
smaidīji (indicative past second-person singular)
smaidīsi (future indicative second-person singular)
smaidi (imperative second-person singular)
smaida (indicative present singular third-person)
smaidīja (indicative past singular third-person)
smaidīs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai smaida (imperative singular third-person)
smaidām (first-person indicative plural present)
smaidījām (first-person indicative past plural)
smaidīsim (first-person future indicative plural)
smaidīsim (first-person imperative plural)
smaidāt (indicative plural present second-person)
smaidījāt (indicative past plural second-person)
smaidīsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
smaidīsit (future indicative plural second-person)
smaidiet (imperative plural second-person)
smaida (indicative plural present third-person)
smaidīja (indicative past plural third-person)
smaidīs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai smaida (imperative plural third-person)
smaidot (present renarrative)
smaidošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot smaidījis (past renarrative)
smaidīdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
smaidīšot (future renarrative)
smaidot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai smaidot (imperative)
smaidām (active participle participle-4 present)
smaidījis (active participle past)
smaidītu (conditional present)
smaidāms (participle passive present)
būtu smaidījis (conditional past)
smaidīts (participle passive past)
jāsmaida (debitive indicative)
būt jāsmaida (debitive indicative)
smaidīt (infinitive)
esot jāsmaida (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nesmaidīt (infinitive negative)
jāsmaidot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
smaidīšana (noun-from-verb)

From the verb smiet (“to laugh”) (q.v.), of which it was originally the iterative form (cf. skriet (“to run”), skraidīt (“to run around, several times”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mey-.

sirsnīgi smaidīt

mīļi smaidīt

smaidīt aiz laimes

smaidīt draugam

smaidīt caur asarām

to smile through tears (i.e., while crying)

Imants smaida kā pilns mēness

Imants smiles like a full moon (= with a broad smile)

Lūcija smaida savu silto un mīlīgo smaidu, kas dara viņas seju neparasti skaistu

Lūcija smiles her warm and kind smile, which made her face unusually beautiful

cilvēki smaida aiz prieka, aiz lepnuma, aiz pašapziņas, par jocīgu gadījumu

people smile with joy, with pride, with self-confidence, or because of a funny situation

paskaties, es jau esmu vecs, bet es arī smaidu

look, I am already old, but I also smile

to smile (to produce a smile, a facial expression with the ends of one's mouth raised and the teeth shown, in order to express happiness, cheerfulness, kindness, satisfaction, or pleasure)


smaidīgs

smaidīgs (definite smaidīgais, comparative smaidīgāks, superlative vissmaidīgākais, adverb smaidīgi)

smaidīgais (definite)
smaidīgāks (comparative)
vissmaidīgākais (superlative)
smaidīgi (adverb)
smaidīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
smaidīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
smaidīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
smaidīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
smaidīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
smaidīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
smaidīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
smaidīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
smaidīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
smaidīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
smaidīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
smaidīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
smaidīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
smaidīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
smaidīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
smaidīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
smaidīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
smaidīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
smaidīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
smaidīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
smaidīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
smaidīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
smaidīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
smaidīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

smaidīga meitene

viņa allaž bija jautra un smaidīga, katram zināja pateikt kādu labu vārdu

she was always nice and smiling, she knew how to say a nice word to everyone

kad Ilmārs beidzot atbrauca, Pēteris pāris dienu staigāja smaidīgs kā saulīte un runājās ar dēlu vienā gabalā

when Ilmārs finally came back, Pēteris went around for a couple of days smiling like a little sun and talked uninterruptedly with his son (= Ilmārs

smiling (one that is smiling; one that tends to smile often)


smaidīgums

smaidīgums (nominative singular)
smaidīgumu (accusative singular)
smaidīguma (genitive singular)
smaidīgumam (dative singular)
smaidīgumu (instrumental singular)
smaidīgumā (locative singular)
smaidīgum (singular vocative)

From smaidīgs (“smiling”) + -ums (with smaidīgs from smaids (“smile”) + -īgs).

pelēkzilajās acīs pilnīgi izzudis jaunības gadu bezrūpīgais smaidīgums

from (his) grayish blue eyes the carefree smilingness of (his) youthful years (had) completely disappeared

smilingness (the state or quality of being smiling, of one who smiles often)


stāstnieks

lv-noun

stāstnieks m (1st declension, feminine form: stāstniece)

stāstniece (feminine)
stāstnieks (nominative singular)
stāstnieki (nominative plural)
stāstnieku (accusative singular)
stāstniekus (accusative plural)
stāstnieka (genitive singular)
stāstnieku (genitive plural)
stāstniekam (dative singular)
stāstniekiem (dative plural)
stāstnieku (instrumental singular)
stāstniekiem (instrumental plural)
stāstniekā (locative singular)
stāstniekos (locative plural)
stāstniek (singular vocative)
stāstnieki (plural vocative)

mežkopis runāja sausi un neveikli, tikai speciālistiem saprotami... viņš vēl nebija atklājis un izkopis savu stāstnieka talantu

the forester talked dryly and awkwardly, understandable only to specialists... he had not yet discovered and cultivated his storyteller talent


stāsts

stāsts (nominative singular)
stāsti (nominative plural)
stāstu (accusative singular)
stāstus (accusative plural)
stāsta (genitive singular)
stāstu (genitive plural)
stāstam (dative singular)
stāstiem (dative plural)
stāstu (instrumental singular)
stāstiem (instrumental plural)
stāstā (locative singular)
stāstos (locative plural)
stāst (singular vocative)
stāsti (plural vocative)

From the same stem as stāstīt (“to tell, to narrate”), made into a masculine first declension noun.

īsais stāsts

garais stāsts

sadzīves stāsts

sociālais stāsts

psiholoģiskais stāsts

piedzīvojumu stāsts

humoristisks, satīrisks stāsts

reālistisks, fantastisks stāsts

dokumentāls stāsts

stāstu autors

stāstu krājums

stāsta sižets

īsajā stāstā visa uzmanība pievērsta viena vai dažu cilvēku rīcībai vienā notikumā

in the short story all attention is directed to the action(s) of one or a few people in the same event

(literature) story (a literary work of art, in which events of people's lives are narrated)


stāstniece

stāstniece f (5th declension, masculine form: stāstnieks)

stāstnieks (masculine)
stāstniece (nominative singular)
stāstnieces (nominative plural)
stāstnieci (accusative singular)
stāstnieces (accusative plural)
stāstnieces (genitive singular)
stāstnieču (genitive plural)
stāstniecei (dative singular)
stāstniecēm (dative plural)
stāstnieci (instrumental singular)
stāstniecēm (instrumental plural)
stāstniecē (locative singular)
stāstniecēs (locative plural)
stāstniece (singular vocative)
stāstnieces (plural vocative)

From stāsts (“story”) + -niece, or stāstnieks (“story writer, storyteller”) + -e (“fem.”) (the latter with palatalization of k to c).

suffix

stāstniece, viņa vecmāmiņa, bija varena, patiešām spoža

the storyteller, his grandmother, was powerful, really brilliant


atbildēt

head

atbildēt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present atbildu, atbildi, atbild, past atbildēju)

conjugation (third-person)
atbildu (present)
atbildi (present)
atbild (present)
atbildēju (past)
atbildu (first-person indicative present singular)
atbildēju (first-person indicative past singular)
atbildēšu (first-person future indicative singular)
atbildi (indicative present second-person singular)
atbildēji (indicative past second-person singular)
atbildēsi (future indicative second-person singular)
atbildi (imperative second-person singular)
atbild (indicative present singular third-person)
atbildēja (indicative past singular third-person)
atbildēs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai atbild (imperative singular third-person)
atbildam (first-person indicative plural present)
atbildējām (first-person indicative past plural)
atbildēsim (first-person future indicative plural)
atbildēsim (first-person imperative plural)
atbildat (indicative plural present second-person)
atbildējāt (indicative past plural second-person)
atbildēsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
atbildēsit (future indicative plural second-person)
atbildiet (imperative plural second-person)
atbild (indicative plural present third-person)
atbildēja (indicative past plural third-person)
atbildēs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai atbild (imperative plural third-person)
atbildot (present renarrative)
atbildošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot atbildējis (past renarrative)
atbildēdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
atbildēšot (future renarrative)
atbildot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai atbildot (imperative)
atbildam (active participle participle-4 present)
atbildējis (active participle past)
atbildētu (conditional present)
atbildams (participle passive present)
būtu atbildējis (conditional past)
atbildēts (participle passive past)
jāatbild (debitive indicative)
būt jāatbild (debitive indicative)
atbildēt (infinitive)
esot jāatbild (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
neatbildēt (infinitive negative)
jāatbildot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
atbildēšana (noun-from-verb)

From at- + an earlier, still dialectally attested, verb bildēt (“to talk, to say”), apparently originally the iterative form of bilst (“to say, to utter”) (q.v.).

ko tu viņam atbildēji?

Andriksonam nepatikās atbildēt, un viņš cieta klusu

Andriksons didn't like answering, and (= so) he was fully silent

“nu, ko tu sacīsi?” “es nezinu... neesmu vēl apdomājusies”, Liene atbildēja nedroši

“well, what will (= do) you say?” “I don't know... I'm not done thinking yet,” Liene answered, unsure

“mammiņ, vai tu klausies?” un māte, no domām iztraucēta, atbild: “dzirdu, dēls, dzirdu...”

“mum, are you listening?” and the mother, disturbed by (her) thoughts, answers: “I'm listening, son, I'm listening...”

to answer (to say something in reaction to a question, a request)

atbildēt ar telegrammu

atbildēt dažās rindās

studenti sarakstíjās ar jauniešiem Polijā, Vācijā... but nu, nav vairākus měnešus atbildējis uz vēstulēm

the students corresponded with young people in Poland, Germany,... but now, they haven't answered the letters for several months

to answer (to give an answer in writing)

atbildēt eksāmenā

atbildēt vēstures stundā

pie tāfeles stāvēja Adatiņš un atbildēja latviešu valodu

Adatiņš stood at the blackboard and answered/recited the Latvian language (lesson)

Zigurds nezināja, cik ilgi bija mācījies, bet reizrēķinu viņš pats sevs varēja atbildēt bez stomīšanās

Zigurds didn't know how long he had studied, but (now) he could answer/recite the multiplication tables by himself, without hesitation

paskaidroju skolēniem, ka nākošajā stunda jau saukšu atbildēt dabas zinātnēs un bez žēlastības likšu divniekus, ja kāds nezinās

I am explaining to the students that in the next hour I will call (them) to answer in (= about) natural sciences and I will give low grades without mercy if someone doesn't know (the lesson)

to answer, to recite (to repeat the learned material)

romānā autors mēģina atbildēt uz aktuāliem jautājumiem, kas saviļņo daudzus

in the novel, the author tries to answer many pressing questions that excite many (people)

to answer (to find a solution to a question, a problem)

atbildēt, atmetot ar roku

viņa atbildēja pasmaidīdama

atbildēt uz jautājumu ar galvas mājienu

atbildēt uz kāda jūtām

es klauvēju, neviens neatbildēja

jēriņi bējina skaļās balstiņās; aita, žigli sienu grauzdama, caur zobiem atbild

the little lambs bleat in their loud little voices; the sheep, quickly nibbling the hay, answered through its teeth

tu no manis nekā neslēpi, es atbildēšu ar to pašu

you hid nothing from me, I will answer in kind (lit. with the same)

atbildēt uz ienaidnieka uzbrukumu ar spēcīgu artilērijas uguni

to asnwer the enemy's attack with heavy (lit. strong) artillery fire

to answer (to react to something that invites a reaction)

daži augi uz pieskārienu atbild ar lapas saraušanos

some plants answer, react to touch by contracting, closing their leaves

iedūcās sirēna; tai atbild citas; tūlīt sāk skanēt arī vagonu fabrikas svilpe

a siren started buzzing; another one answered it; soon also the whistle of the waggon factory was sounding

to answer, to respond to a stimulus; to seem to be reacting, responding to a stimulus


puštunu valoda

puštunu valoda (nominative singular)
puštunu valodu (accusative singular)
puštunu valodas (genitive singular)
puštunu valodai (dative singular)
puštunu valodu (instrumental singular)
puštunu valodā (locative singular)
puštunu valoda (singular vocative)

Pashtun language, Pashto (lit. language of the Pashtuns)


afgāņu valoda

afgāņu valoda (nominative singular)
afgāņu valodu (accusative singular)
afgāņu valodas (genitive singular)
afgāņu valodai (dative singular)
afgāņu valodu (instrumental singular)
afgāņu valodā (locative singular)
afgāņu valoda (singular vocative)

afgāņu valodas gramatika

Afghan language, Pashtun language, Pashto (lit. language of the Afghans)


dzimtā valoda

dzimtā valoda (nominative singular)
dzimtās valodas (nominative plural)
dzimto valodu (accusative singular)
dzimtās valodas (accusative plural)
dzimtās valodas (genitive singular)
dzimto valodu (genitive plural)
dzimtajai valodai (dative singular)
dzimtajām valodām (dative plural)
dzimto valodu (instrumental singular)
dzimtajām valodām (instrumental plural)
dzimtajā valodā (locative singular)
dzimtajās valodās (locative plural)
dzimto valoda (singular vocative)
dzimtā valoda (singular vocative)
dzimtās valodas (plural vocative)

mana dzimtā valoda ir latviešu valoda

starptautiskā dzimtās valodas diena

native language, mother tongue, mother language (one's own first language, acquired in early childhood)


svešvaloda

svešvaloda (nominative singular)
svešvalodas (nominative plural)
svešvalodu (accusative singular)
svešvalodas (accusative plural)
svešvalodas (genitive singular)
svešvalodu (genitive plural)
svešvalodai (dative singular)
svešvalodām (dative plural)
svešvalodu (instrumental singular)
svešvalodām (instrumental plural)
svešvalodā (locative singular)
svešvalodās (locative plural)
svešvaloda (singular vocative)
svešvalodas (plural vocative)

From sveša (“strange, foreign [fem.]”) + valoda (“language”).

compound

mācīties svešvalodas

svešvalodu kursi

svešvalodu skolotāji

Nu un kā klājas Ritai?” “Dzīvo jūrmalā. Taisās studēt svešvalodas.”

“So, and how is Rita?” “She's living at the seaside. She is going to study foreign languages.”

foreign language (a language which is not one's own native language)


svešvārds

svešvārds (nominative singular)
svešvārdi (nominative plural)
svešvārdu (accusative singular)
svešvārdus (accusative plural)
svešvārda (genitive singular)
svešvārdu (genitive plural)
svešvārdam (dative singular)
svešvārdiem (dative plural)
svešvārdu (instrumental singular)
svešvārdiem (instrumental plural)
svešvārdā (locative singular)
svešvārdos (locative plural)
svešvārd (singular vocative)
svešvārdi (plural vocative)

From svešs (“unkonwn, strange, foreign”) + vārds (“word, name”).

svešvārdu vārdnīca

“vai jūs Liepājā tik stingri ievērojat konspirāciju?” Kalvics ievaicājās, viņam tūliņ iepatikās šis Rīgā vēl maz lietotais svešvārds

“are you all in Liepāja observing the conspiracy so strictly?” Kalvics inquired; that foreign word (= conspiracy), still little used in Riga, (clearly) immediately pleased him

rakstiet gudri! lietojiet bagātīgi svešvārdus, speciālus terminus, tā, lai vienkāršs lasītājs neko daudz nevar saprast

write clever! use liberally foreign words, special terms, so that the simple reader does not understand anything much

foreign word (a word borrowed from other languages)


nazālums

nazālums (nominative singular)
nazālumu (accusative singular)
nazāluma (genitive singular)
nazālumam (dative singular)
nazālumu (instrumental singular)
nazālumā (locative singular)
nazālum (singular vocative)

balss nazālums

patskaņa nazālums

slēdzeņa ŋ artikulācija vietas ziņā ir līdzīga līdzskaņu k, g artikulācijai, atšķirdamas tikai ar nazālumu

with respect to the place of articulation, the occlusive ŋ is similar to the articulation of the consonants k, g, differing (from them) only with (= by, because of) nasalization

(phonetics, phonology) nasality, nasalness (the quality of that which is nasal, which is accompanied by simultaneous airflow through the nose)


balsīgums

balsīgums (nominative singular)
balsīgumu (accusative singular)
balsīguma (genitive singular)
balsīgumam (dative singular)
balsīgumu (instrumental singular)
balsīgumā (locative singular)
balsīgum (singular vocative)

From balsīgs (“voiced”) + -ums (with balsīgs from balss (“voice”) + -īgs).

skaņas balsīgums

plūdeņi un nāseņi vārdu beigās zaudē savu balsīgumu

liquids and nasals lose their voice (= become voiceless) word-finally

(phonetics, phonology) voice (the quality of that which is voiced, which is pronounced with simultaneous vibrations of the vocal cords)


nāsenis

nāsenis (nominative singular)
nāseņi (nominative plural)
nāseni (accusative singular)
nāseņus (accusative plural)
nāseņa (genitive singular)
nāseņu (genitive plural)
nāsenim (dative singular)
nāseņiem (dative plural)
nāseni (instrumental singular)
nāseņiem (instrumental plural)
nāsenī (locative singular)
nāseņos (locative plural)
nāseni (singular vocative)
nāseņi (plural vocative)

Coined in the 1920s, from nāss (“nostril”) + -enis.

sanskrita nāsenis ñ ir pielāgojošs alofons līdzskanim n

the Sanskrit nasal consonant ñ is an assimilating allophone of the consonant n

(phonetics, phonology) nasal consonant (a consonant articulated simultaneously with nasal airflow; e.g., m, n)


nazāls

head

nazāls (definite nazālais, comparative nazālāks, superlative visnazālākais, adverb nazāli)

nazālais (definite)
nazālāks (comparative)
visnazālākais (superlative)
nazāli (adverb)
nazāls (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
nazāli (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
nazāla (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
nazālas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
nazālu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
nazālus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
nazālu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
nazālas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
nazāla (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
nazālu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
nazālas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
nazālu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
nazālam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
nazāliem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
nazālai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
nazālām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
nazālu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
nazāliem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
nazālu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
nazālām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
nazālā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
nazālos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
nazālā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
nazālās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From nāss (“nostril”) + -āls. Clearly not formed as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

nazāla skaņa

nazāls līdzskanis

nazāls patskanis

(phonetics, phonology) nasal (pronounced with simultaneous airflow through the nose)


nazalizēt

nazalizēt (transitive, 2nd conjugation, present nazalizēju, nazalizē, nazalizē, past nazalizēju)

conjugation (second-person)
nazalizēju (present)
nazalizē (present)
nazalizēju (past)
nazalizēju (first-person indicative present singular)
nazalizēju (first-person indicative past singular)
nazalizēšu (first-person future indicative singular)
nazalizē (indicative present second-person singular)
nazalizēji (indicative past second-person singular)
nazalizēsi (future indicative second-person singular)
nazalizē (imperative second-person singular)
nazalizē (indicative present singular third-person)
nazalizēja (indicative past singular third-person)
nazalizēs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai nazalizē (imperative singular third-person)
nazalizējam (first-person indicative plural present)
nazalizējām (first-person indicative past plural)
nazalizēsim (first-person future indicative plural)
nazalizēsim (first-person imperative plural)
nazalizējat (indicative plural present second-person)
nazalizējāt (indicative past plural second-person)
nazalizēsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
nazalizēsit (future indicative plural second-person)
nazalizējiet (imperative plural second-person)
nazalizē (indicative plural present third-person)
nazalizēja (indicative past plural third-person)
nazalizēs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai nazalizē (imperative plural third-person)
nazalizējot (present renarrative)
nazalizējošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot nazalizējis (past renarrative)
nazalizēdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
nazalizēšot (future renarrative)
nazalizējot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai nazalizējot (imperative)
nazalizējam (active participle participle-4 present)
nazalizējis (active participle past)
nazalizētu (conditional present)
būtu nazalizējis (conditional past)
nazalizēts (participle passive past)
jānazalizē (debitive indicative)
būt jānazalizē (debitive indicative)
nazalizēt (infinitive)
esot jānazalizē (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nenazalizēt (infinitive negative)
jānazalizējot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
nazalizēšana (noun-from-verb)

From nazāls (“nasal”) + -izēt. Clearly not formed as such in Lithuanian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

nazalizēt līdzskani

nazalizēt patskani

(phonetics, phonology) to nasalize (to pronounce a sound with simultaneous airflow through the nose)


mobilais tālrunis

mobilais tālrunis (nominative singular)
mobilie tālruņi (nominative plural)
mobilo tālruni (accusative singular)
mobilos tālruņus (accusative plural)
mobilā tālruņa (genitive singular)
mobilo tālruņu (genitive plural)
mobilajam tālrunim (dative singular)
mobilajiem tālruņiem (dative plural)
mobilo tālruni (instrumental singular)
mobilajiem tālruņiem (instrumental plural)
mobilajā tālrunī (locative singular)
mobilajos tālruņos (locative plural)
mobilo tālruni (singular vocative)
mobilais tālruni (singular vocative)
mobilie tālruņi (plural vocative)

vai mobilais tālrunis arī kaitē?

mobilais tālrunis svin 40 gadu jubileju

the mobile phone celebrates its 40th anniversary

mobilais tālrunis bērnam: drošībai un saziņai ar vecākiem

mobile phone for children: for safety and communication with the parents

mobile phone, cell phone (portable telephone connected to the telephone network via radio waves)


tālrunis

tālrunis (nominative singular)
tālruņi (nominative plural)
tālruni (accusative singular)
tālruņus (accusative plural)
tālruņa (genitive singular)
tālruņu (genitive plural)
tālrunim (dative singular)
tālruņiem (dative plural)
tālruni (instrumental singular)
tālruņiem (instrumental plural)
tālrunī (locative singular)
tālruņos (locative plural)
tālruni (singular vocative)
tālruņi (plural vocative)

From tāls (“far”) + runa (“talk”), made into a masculine 2nd-declension noun (ending -is). Apparently a calque of German Fernsprecher, itself a calque of French téléphone, a word coined in the 1830s from two Ancient Greek elements, τῆλε (têle, “afar”) and φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice, sound”).

“labi, piezvaniet man rīt pat,” un Birgita pateica savas darba vietas tālruni

“OK, do call me tomorrow,” and Birgita told (him) her workplace phone (number)


telefonēt

telefonēt (transitive or intransitive, 2nd conjugation, present telefonēju, telefonē, telefonē, past telefonēju)

conjugation (second-person)
telefonēju (present)
telefonē (present)
telefonēju (past)
telefonēju (first-person indicative present singular)
telefonēju (first-person indicative past singular)
telefonēšu (first-person future indicative singular)
telefonē (indicative present second-person singular)
telefonēji (indicative past second-person singular)
telefonēsi (future indicative second-person singular)
telefonē (imperative second-person singular)
telefonē (indicative present singular third-person)
telefonēja (indicative past singular third-person)
telefonēs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai telefonē (imperative singular third-person)
telefonējam (first-person indicative plural present)
telefonējām (first-person indicative past plural)
telefonēsim (first-person future indicative plural)
telefonēsim (first-person imperative plural)
telefonējat (indicative plural present second-person)
telefonējāt (indicative past plural second-person)
telefonēsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
telefonēsit (future indicative plural second-person)
telefonējiet (imperative plural second-person)
telefonē (indicative plural present third-person)
telefonēja (indicative past plural third-person)
telefonēs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai telefonē (imperative plural third-person)
telefonējot (present renarrative)
telefonējošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot telefonējis (past renarrative)
telefonēdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
telefonēšot (future renarrative)
telefonējot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai telefonējot (imperative)
telefonējam (active participle participle-4 present)
telefonējis (active participle past)
telefonētu (conditional present)
būtu telefonējis (conditional past)
telefonēts (participle passive past)
jātelefonē (debitive indicative)
būt jātelefonē (debitive indicative)
telefonēt (infinitive)
esot jātelefonē (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
netelefonēt (infinitive negative)
jātelefonējot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
telefonēšana (noun-from-verb)

From the stem of telefons (q.v.), made into a second-conjugation verb (ending -ēt).

telefonēt, ka apspriede atlikta

to phone (= to tell by phone) that the meeting (was) postponed

es jau biju sataisījies iziet, ja telefonētu minūti vēlāk, manis mājās vairs nebūtu

I was ready to leave, if (he) had called a minute later, I wouldn't have been home anymore


mobilais telefons

mobilais telefons (nominative singular)
mobilie telefoni (nominative plural)
mobilo telefonu (accusative singular)
mobilos telefonus (accusative plural)
mobilā telefona (genitive singular)
mobilo telefonu (genitive plural)
mobilajam telefonam (dative singular)
mobilajiem telefoniem (dative plural)
mobilo telefonu (instrumental singular)
mobilajiem telefoniem (instrumental plural)
mobilajā telefonā (locative singular)
mobilajos telefonos (locative plural)
mobilo telefon (singular vocative)
mobilais telefon (singular vocative)
mobilie telefoni (plural vocative)

mobilais telefons ir viens no bezvadu telefonu veidiem

the mobile phone is one of the types of cordless telephone

vēlos pirkt jaunu mobilo telefonu par apmēram 100Ls

I want to buy a new mobile phone for about 100 lats

Latvijā radīts mobilais telefons ar lieliem taustiņiem

in Latvia, a mobile phone with large keys was invented


nazalizācija

nazalizācija (nominative singular)
nazalizāciju (accusative singular)
nazalizācijas (genitive singular)
nazalizācijai (dative singular)
nazalizāciju (instrumental singular)
nazalizācijā (locative singular)
nazalizācija (singular vocative)

From nazaliz(ēt) (“nasalize”) + -ācija. Clearly not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from other European languages.

fonētikā nazalizācija

(phonetics, phonology) nasalization (pronunciation of a sound with simultaneous nasal airflow)


sakne

sakne (nominative singular)
saknes (nominative plural)
sakni (accusative singular)
saknes (accusative plural)
saknes (genitive singular)
sakņu (genitive plural)
saknei (dative singular)
saknēm (dative plural)
sakni (instrumental singular)
saknēm (instrumental plural)
saknē (locative singular)
saknēs (locative plural)
sakne (singular vocative)
saknes (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *šaknīs from Proto-Indo-European *ḱak- (“branch, stick”) (whence also sakas (q.v.)). Cognate with Lithuanian šaknis, Old Prussian sagnis (*saknis). Originally a feminine i-stem.


ablatīvs

ablatīvs (nominative singular)
ablatīvi (nominative plural)
ablatīvu (accusative singular)
ablatīvus (accusative plural)
ablatīva (genitive singular)
ablatīvu (genitive plural)
ablatīvam (dative singular)
ablatīviem (dative plural)
ablatīvu (instrumental singular)
ablatīviem (instrumental plural)
ablatīvā (locative singular)
ablatīvos (locative plural)
ablatīv (singular vocative)
ablatīvi (plural vocative)

latviešu valodā ablatīva funkcijas daļēji pilda instrumentālis un ģenitīvs

in Latvian, the functions of the ablative are partly fulfilled by the instrumental and the genitive

(grammar) ablative case (one of the inflections in some languages denoting the starting point of an action)