vasara

vasara (nominative singular)
vasaras (nominative plural)
vasaru (accusative singular)
vasaras (accusative plural)
vasaras (genitive singular)
vasaru (genitive plural)
vasarai (dative singular)
vasarām (dative plural)
vasaru (instrumental singular)
vasarām (instrumental plural)
vasarā (locative singular)
vasarās (locative plural)
vasara (singular vocative)
vasaras (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *was(e)r, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥.

karsta, sausa vasara

slapja, lietaina vasara

saulaina vasara

iestājās vasara

pēdējais vasaras mēnesis

karsta vasaras diena

pavadīt vasaras laukos

vasaras saulgrieži

meteoroloģiskā vasara sākas, kad diennakts vidējā gaisa temperatūra sasniedz 15° C

the meteorological summer begins when the daily average air temperature reaches 15° C

kas ir vasara? saule, lietus, zaļa zeme un zili ūdeņi, garas, karstas dienas un īsas naktis

what is summer? sun, rain, green earth and blue waters, long, hot days and short nights

Northern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere#English

summer (season of the year, from June 21-22 to September 22-23 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by the highest temperatures of the year)


tagad

There are two main theories about the origin of this word. Both derived the first syllable from Proto-Baltic *ta-, from Proto-Indo-European *to-, an old pronominal stem, whence also tas (“this”). The second syllable is, according to one theory, from the particle ga and an extra -d (< da). The same particle ga can be found in Lithuanian tàgatės (“thus, like that”) and Old Prussian anga (“or”), and in reduced form in 17th-century arīg (modern arī “too”) and as dz (< *dzi < parallel form *gi) in nedz). An alternative theory, however, derives the second syllable in tagad from gads, now “year” but previously also “time”: from an earlier accusative *tagadi (“this time”) would have come present-day tagad “now.” Cognates include Old Church Slavonic тогда (togda), тъгда (tŭgda), Russian тогда́ (togdá), Ukrainian тогді́ (tohdí), тогі́д (tohíd, “last year”), Bulgarian тога́ (togá), Czech tehdy, dialectal tehda (“then”).

manā laikā maršala zižļu dēļ tā neuztraucās kā tagad par tabakdozēm

in my day they wouldn't worry about a marshall's baton the way they now do about a tobacco box

kur septiņpadsmitā gadsimta sākumā bija Līvas upītes ieteka, tur tagad Līvas iela
where in the beginning of the 17th century was the estuary of the Līva river, there now is Līva street

now, nowadays (in the time period that includes the present)


sekunde

sekunde (nominative singular)
sekundes (nominative plural)
sekundi (accusative singular)
sekundes (accusative plural)
sekundes (genitive singular)
sekunžu (genitive plural)
sekundei (dative singular)
sekundēm (dative plural)
sekundi (instrumental singular)
sekundēm (instrumental plural)
sekundē (locative singular)
sekundēs (locative plural)
sekunde (singular vocative)
sekundes (plural vocative)

From Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta (“second diminished part (of the hour)”).

minūtei ir sešdesmit sekundes

tas ilga dažas sekundes

šis indikators mirgo reizi sekundē

second (SI unit of time, 1/60 of a minute)


gads

gads (nominative singular)
gadi (nominative plural)
gadu (accusative singular)
gadus (accusative plural)
gada (genitive singular)
gadu (genitive plural)
gadam (dative singular)
gadiem (dative plural)
gadu (instrumental singular)
gadiem (instrumental plural)
gadā (locative singular)
gados (locative plural)
gads (singular vocative)
gadi (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰodʰ-, o-grade of *gʰedʰ- (“to unify, to match”) (whence also gadīties, q.v.). The semantic evolution of the term probably went from “matching, appropriate” > “appropriate, determined, specific time (period)” > “(church) holiday” > “sequence of church holidays in a year” > “year”. Since this evolution parallels that of Russian год (god), there may also have been Russian influence on the meaning changes of Latvian gads. Cognates include Latgalian gods, Lithuanian gadýnė (“time, period”) (< Belarusian гадзі́на (hadzína)), Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ, “suitable time, holiday, year”), Russian, Belarusian год (god, “year”), Upper Sorbian hod, hody (“winter holidays”), Czech hod (“church holiday”), Polish gody (“wedding feast, wedding”), Serbo-Croatian gȏd (“name day, important holiday”).


diena

diena (nominative singular)
dienas (nominative plural)
dienu (accusative singular)
dienas (accusative plural)
dienas (genitive singular)
dienu (genitive plural)
dienai (dative singular)
dienām (dative plural)
dienu (instrumental singular)
dienām (instrumental plural)
dienā (locative singular)
dienās (locative plural)
diena (singular vocative)
dienas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic (compare Old Prussian dēinā), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *deinas/*dinas (compare Proto-Slavic *dьnь), from Proto-Indo-European *déynos, ultimately from *dyew- (“to shine”).

Lietojiet vienu tableti dienā.

Nedēļā ir septiņas dienas.

Es to dienu nekad neaizmirsīšu.

dienas gaisma


sarma

sarma (nominative singular)
sarmas (nominative plural)
sarmu (accusative singular)
sarmas (accusative plural)
sarmas (genitive singular)
sarmu (genitive plural)
sarmai (dative singular)
sarmām (dative plural)
sarmu (instrumental singular)
sarmām (instrumental plural)
sarmā (locative singular)
sarmās (locative plural)
sarma (singular vocative)
sarmas (plural vocative)

sarmas klāti koki

graudainā sarma

kristāliskā sarma

frost (thin ice crystals that form on plant leaves, twigs, or also on wires, cables, etc. when the air temperature is below the freezing point)

sarma matos


stunda

stunda (nominative singular)
stundas (nominative plural)
stundu (accusative singular)
stundas (accusative plural)
stundas (genitive singular)
stundu (genitive plural)
stundai (dative singular)
stundām (dative plural)
stundu (instrumental singular)
stundām (instrumental plural)
stundā (locative singular)
stundās (locative plural)
stunda (singular vocative)
stundas (plural vocative)

A borrowing, traditionally described as from Middle Low German stunde (“hour”), from Old Saxon stunda, from Proto-West Germanic *stundu, from Proto-Germanic *stundō, since this form is found in the earliest attestations.
But some authors argue that these early attestations are found only in some dialects, and that later competing forms (stunds, stunda) might correspond to earlier competing variants, which suggests that this word already existed in Latvian prior to Middle Low German influence. This would mean that it was previously borrowed from another Germanic language (possibly Gothic, or maybe Old High German or Old Norse). The current form stunda became stabilised at the beginning of the 18th century.

gaidīt veselu stundu

nokavēties par stundu

stundas ceturksnis

septiņu stundu darba diena

rīta stunda

klusā stunda

policijas, komandantas stunda

curfew (literally: commandant's, police hour)

kurp iesi tik agrā stundā?

viņa stunda ir situsi

hour (relatively short period in a day, often associated with an event, activity, or situation)

matemātikas stunda

cikos skolā sākas stundas?

at what time do classes start at school?

(sa)gatavot stundu

atstāt pēc stundām

ņemt stundas

lesson (period of time in which a class takes place, especially at an educational institution)


pavasaris

pavasaris (nominative singular)
pavasari (nominative plural)
pavasari (accusative singular)
pavasarus (accusative plural)
pavasara (genitive singular)
pavasaru (genitive plural)
pavasarim (dative singular)
pavasariem (dative plural)
pavasari (instrumental singular)
pavasariem (instrumental plural)
pavasarī (locative singular)
pavasaros (locative plural)
pavasari (singular vocative)
pavasari (plural vocative)

From pa- + vasara (“summer”), made into a second declension masculine noun (ending -is). Given the inchoative prefix, the original meaning was “beginning of summer” (originally, vasara covered both spring and summer, considered in ancient times to be one season). Cognates include Lithuanian pavãsaris.

agrs, vēls pavasaris

vēss, auksts pavasaris

sauss pavasaris

tuvojas pavasaris

pavasaris sākas, iestājas

pavasaris pienācis

pavasara ekvinokcija

pavasaris aptver to laika posmu, kad gaisa temperatūra paaugstinās virs 0°, bet nav augstāka par 15° C

spring covers the period when the air temperature rises above 0°, but is not higher than 15° C

spring (season of the year between winter and summer, from March 21 to June 21 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by increasing temperature and by the blooming of flowers)


pulkstenis

pulkstenis (nominative singular)
pulksteņi (nominative plural)
pulksteni (accusative singular)
pulksteņus (accusative plural)
pulksteņa (genitive singular)
pulksteņu (genitive plural)
pulkstenim (dative singular)
pulksteņiem (dative plural)
pulksteni (instrumental singular)
pulksteņiem (instrumental plural)
pulkstenī (locative singular)
pulksteņos (locative plural)
pulksteni (singular vocative)
pulksteņi (plural vocative)

There are various theories about the origin of this word, originally meaning “church bell.” The most likely to be true derives it from an unattested verb *pulsēt (“to produce sound”) (compare archaic pulstens, dialectal pulstenis (“bell”), pulkstiens (“bell sound, toll”)) > *pulksēt with an epenthetic k and the nominalizing suffix -enis. Other suggestions include deriving pulkstenis from pulks (“regiment, military unit”) and stenēt (“to groan, to make noise”) (i.e., the regiment's noisy one); from borrowed terms, Middle Low German puls (“hit, blow, touch”) and stēn (“stone”); from an old verb pult meaning “to fall” (since that which strikes a bell “falls” on it); from a compound of puls- and sitiens, sitenis “blow”, with an intrusive k. The word was already mentioned in a 1585 catechism (as stundu pulksten(is), “hour bell,” i.e., “clock”)

uder

mehāniskais, elektroniskais pulkstenis

sudraba, zelta pulkstenis

pulkstenis tikšķ

pulksteņa rādītāji

pulksteņa svārsts

labot pulksteni

rokas pulkstenis

kabatas pulkstenis

galda, sienas, torņa pulkstenis

modinātāja pulkstenis, modinātājpulkstenis

saules pulkstenis

smilšu pulkstenis

biloģiskais pulkstenis

pulkstenis ir ātrs, iet par ātru

pulkstenis iet priekšā, ir priekšā

pulkstenis ir vēls, iet par lēnu

clock, watch (instrument to measure time)


sniegs

sniegs (nominative singular)
sniegi (nominative plural)
sniegu (accusative singular)
sniegus (accusative plural)
sniega (genitive singular)
sniegu (genitive plural)
sniegam (dative singular)
sniegiem (dative plural)
sniegu (instrumental singular)
sniegiem (instrumental plural)
sniegā (locative singular)
sniegos (locative plural)
snieg (singular vocative)
sniegi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *snáigas (> Latvian *snaigs, which, under the influence of forms of the verb snigt (“to snow”), became sniegs; compare Lithuanian snaĩgė (“snowflake”), still with the original ai), from Proto-Indo-European *snóygʷʰos.

sniegs snieg

sniega pārslas, kristāli

sniega ūdens, sniegūdens

sniega vīrs, sniegavīrs

sniega vētra

smalks, dziļš, irdens sniegs

slapjš, sauss, irdens sniegs

sniega kupena

sniegs sāk kust

sniega lāpsta

tīrīt sniegu no ceļa

balts kā sniegs

snow (frozen water that falls as precipitation)


ziema

ziema (nominative singular)
ziemas (nominative plural)
ziemu (accusative singular)
ziemas (accusative plural)
ziemas (genitive singular)
ziemu (genitive plural)
ziemai (dative singular)
ziemām (dative plural)
ziemu (instrumental singular)
ziemām (instrumental plural)
ziemā (locative singular)
ziemās (locative plural)
ziema (singular vocative)
ziemas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéyōm.

auksta, barga ziema

maiga ziema

bezsniega ziema

iestājas ziema

ziemas vakars

nākamajā ziemā

dziļa ziema

ziemas saulgrieži

pēc garās ziemas, kas bija sākusies novembrī un vēl aprīlī negribēja aiziet, atnāca pavasaris, jo nav tādas ziemas, kurai reiz nesekotu pavasaris

after a long winter that had started in November and in April still didn't want to go, came spring, because there is no such thing as winter which is not followed by spring

winter (season of the year between autumn and spring, from December 23 to March 22 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by the lowest yearly temperatures)


datums

datums (nominative singular)
datumi (nominative plural)
datumu (accusative singular)
datumus (accusative plural)
datuma (genitive singular)
datumu (genitive plural)
datumam (dative singular)
datumiem (dative plural)
datumu (instrumental singular)
datumiem (instrumental plural)
datumā (locative singular)
datumos (locative plural)
datum (singular vocative)
datumi (plural vocative)

Probably derived from Latin datum (“given”, past participle).


rudens

lv-noun

rudens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

rudens (nominative singular)
rudeņi (nominative plural)
rudeni (accusative singular)
rudeņus (accusative plural)
rudens (genitive singular)
rudeņu (genitive plural)
rudenim (dative singular)
rudeņiem (dative plural)
rudeni (instrumental singular)
rudeņiem (instrumental plural)
rudenī (locative singular)
rudeņos (locative plural)
rudeni (singular vocative)
rudeņi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the adjective ruds (“reddish brown”) (q.v.), apparently because of the color of leaves in autumn. An older term for “autumn”, cognate with Old Prussian assanis and Russian о́сень (ósenʹ), has been lost, possibly in part due to homonymy with asinis (“blood”). Cognates include Lithuanian ruduõ.

vēls rudens

rudens diena, nakts

vasara iet pret rudeni

jūtams rudens tuvums

zelta rudens

goldemn autumn (dry and sunny autumn, with tree leaves showing many shades of color)

autumn (season of the year between summer and winter, from September 23 to December 23 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by lower temperatures and by the falling of leaves)


sezona

sezona (nominative singular)
sezonas (nominative plural)
sezonu (accusative singular)
sezonas (accusative plural)
sezonas (genitive singular)
sezonu (genitive plural)
sezonai (dative singular)
sezonām (dative plural)
sezonu (instrumental singular)
sezonām (instrumental plural)
sezonā (locative singular)
sezonās (locative plural)
sezona (singular vocative)
sezonas (plural vocative)

period of time characterized by something (high season, tourist season, etc.).


nedēļa

nedēļa (nominative singular)
nedēļas (nominative plural)
nedēļu (accusative singular)
nedēļas (accusative plural)
nedēļas (genitive singular)
nedēļu (genitive plural)
nedēļai (dative singular)
nedēļām (dative plural)
nedēļu (instrumental singular)
nedēļām (instrumental plural)
nedēļā (locative singular)
nedēļās (locative plural)
nedēļa (singular vocative)
nedēļas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic недѣлꙗ (nedělja, “Sunday, holiday, week”) (cf. Russian неде́ля (nedélja)); the same Old East Slavic word was borrowed by other local languages (cf. Estonian nädal, Lithuanian nedėlia, Livonian nädīļ, Latgalian nedeļa). The original Slavic meaning was “Sunday”, literally “non-working [day] (cf. Russian де́лать (délatʹ, “to do”)). Given its form, the word was probably borrowed before the 13th century, even though its first occurrences, already in its modern form, are in 17th-century dictionaries.

bor

katru nedēļu

divas reizes nedēļā

pagājušajā nedēļā

smaga darba nedēļa

nedēļas avīze

nedēļas tirgus

Kalvics jau nedēļas sākumā papļāva drusku siena

at the beginning of the week, Kalvics was already mowing some hay

week (seven-day period from Monday to Sunday)

jau nedēļu neesmu tur bijis

nedēļu ilgs atvaļinājums

viņa paauklēja uz rokām bērniņu, kurš bija ļoti sīciņš, varbūt vēl tik dažas nedēļas vecs

she was nursing a baby that was really very small, maybe only a couple of weeks old

week (any seven-day period, regardless of its beginning or end)

Annai uznāca nedēļas

(dated sense, only plural) post-partum, post-natal period


sestdiena

sestdiena (nominative singular)
sestdienas (nominative plural)
sestdienu (accusative singular)
sestdienas (accusative plural)
sestdienas (genitive singular)
sestdienu (genitive plural)
sestdienai (dative singular)
sestdienām (dative plural)
sestdienu (instrumental singular)
sestdienām (instrumental plural)
sestdienā (locative singular)
sestdienās (locative plural)
sestdiena (singular vocative)
sestdienas (plural vocative)

From sestā (“sixth”) + diena (“day”). Cognate with Lithuanian šeštadienis.


piektdiena

piektdiena (nominative singular)
piektdienas (nominative plural)
piektdienu (accusative singular)
piektdienas (accusative plural)
piektdienas (genitive singular)
piektdienu (genitive plural)
piektdienai (dative singular)
piektdienām (dative plural)
piektdienu (instrumental singular)
piektdienām (instrumental plural)
piektdienā (locative singular)
piektdienās (locative plural)
piektdiena (singular vocative)
piektdienas (plural vocative)


svētdiena

svētdiena (nominative singular)
svētdienas (nominative plural)
svētdienu (accusative singular)
svētdienas (accusative plural)
svētdienas (genitive singular)
svētdienu (genitive plural)
svētdienai (dative singular)
svētdienām (dative plural)
svētdienu (instrumental singular)
svētdienām (instrumental plural)
svētdienā (locative singular)
svētdienās (locative plural)
svētdiena (singular vocative)
svētdienas (plural vocative)


ceturtdiena

ceturtdiena (nominative singular)
ceturtdienas (nominative plural)
ceturtdienu (accusative singular)
ceturtdienas (accusative plural)
ceturtdienas (genitive singular)
ceturtdienu (genitive plural)
ceturtdienai (dative singular)
ceturtdienām (dative plural)
ceturtdienu (instrumental singular)
ceturtdienām (instrumental plural)
ceturtdienā (locative singular)
ceturtdienās (locative plural)
ceturtdiena (singular vocative)
ceturtdienas (plural vocative)

From ceturtā (“fourth”) + diena (“day”).


otrdiena

otrdiena (nominative singular)
otrdienas (nominative plural)
otrdienu (accusative singular)
otrdienas (accusative plural)
otrdienas (genitive singular)
otrdienu (genitive plural)
otrdienai (dative singular)
otrdienām (dative plural)
otrdienu (instrumental singular)
otrdienām (instrumental plural)
otrdienā (locative singular)
otrdienās (locative plural)
otrdiena (singular vocative)
otrdienas (plural vocative)


trešdiena

trešdiena (nominative singular)
trešdienas (nominative plural)
trešdienu (accusative singular)
trešdienas (accusative plural)
trešdienas (genitive singular)
trešdienu (genitive plural)
trešdienai (dative singular)
trešdienām (dative plural)
trešdienu (instrumental singular)
trešdienām (instrumental plural)
trešdienā (locative singular)
trešdienās (locative plural)
trešdiena (singular vocative)
trešdienas (plural vocative)


Ziemassvētki

Ziemassvētki (nominative plural)
Ziemassvētkus (accusative plural)
Ziemassvētku (genitive plural)
Ziemassvētkiem (dative plural)
Ziemassvētkiem (instrumental plural)
Ziemassvētkos (locative plural)
Ziemassvētki (plural vocative)

From ziema (“winter”) + svētki (“feast, celebration”).

compound

Ziemassvētku laiks

Ziemassvētku vakars

Ziemassvētku egle, eglīte

Christmas tree (lit. Christmas pine tree)

Ziemassvētku vecītis

(Christianity) Christmas (holiday celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ)


mēnesis

mēnesis (nominative singular)
mēneši (nominative plural)
mēnesi (accusative singular)
mēnešus (accusative plural)
mēneša (genitive singular)
mēnešu (genitive plural)
mēnesim (dative singular)
mēnešiem (dative plural)
mēnesi (instrumental singular)
mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
mēnesī (locative singular)
mēnešos (locative plural)
mēnesi (singular vocative)
mēneši (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”), from *meh₁- (“to measure”).
Cognates include Lithuanian mėnuo (“month, moon”), Old Church Slavonic мѣсѧць (měsęcĭ, “moon, month”) (whence Russian ме́сяц (mésjac), Polish miesiąc, Czech měsíc), Sanskrit मास (māsa), Persian ماه (mâh), Old Armenian ամիս (amis), Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “moon”), Latin mēnsis (“month”) (whence Spanish mes, Italian mese, French mois), Proto-Celtic *mīns (whence Irish mí, Welsh mis), and Proto-Germanic *mēnōþs (“month”) (Old English mōnaþ, English month, German Monat, Dutch maand, Swedish månad).

cog

paveikt darbu divos mēnešos

pēc mēneša

sapulce notiek reizi mēnesī

month (a period of approximately 30 days)


meita

meita (nominative singular)
meitas (nominative plural)
meitu (accusative singular)
meitas (accusative plural)
meitas (genitive singular)
meitu (genitive plural)
meitai (dative singular)
meitām (dative plural)
meitu (instrumental singular)
meitām (instrumental plural)
meitā (locative singular)
meitās (locative plural)
meit (singular vocative)
meitas (plural vocative)

Traditionally, this word is considered borrowed from Middle Low German meid (“female servant”) (or from Middle High German meyt, meyde, or Middle Dutch meit), which replaced an older Proto-Indo-European word, probably *dukte, cognate with Lithuanian duktė̃, Old Prussian duckti, Russian дочь (doč’), German Tochter, English daughter (< Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr). It has, however, been pointed out that (a) the meaning “daughter” is older (“servant” is attested only from the 19th century), which is the opposite of what should happen if it were a borrowing from Germanic; (b) the broken intonation is not usual in borrowings from Germanic; and (c) the presumed original word *dukte has left no trace in place names, dialectal forms, etc. On account of that, some researchers believe that meita is not a borrowing, but actually the original word for “daughter” in Latvian, i.e. Latvian did not derive “daughter” from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr (like Latin, which has fīlia). A possible source would be Proto-Indo-European *mēy- (“soft, tender, dear”), with an extra t; meita would have originally been the feminine form of the resulting adjective *meits (“tender, dear, loved”). Another possibility would be the same stem as mīt (“to change”): the original meaning would have been “changing (status, via marriage)” > “young woman about to get married” > “unmarried young woman; daughter.”

der

muižas meita

vasaras meita

istabas meita

saimniece pie tā paša brauciena gribēja apraudzīties un apklausīties pēc jaunas meitas

the lady wanted, in the same trip, to come see and hear the new servants


bērns

bērns (nominative singular)
bērni (nominative plural)
bērnu (accusative singular)
bērnus (accusative plural)
bērna (genitive singular)
bērnu (genitive plural)
bērnam (dative singular)
bērniem (dative plural)
bērnu (instrumental singular)
bērniem (instrumental plural)
bērnā (locative singular)
bērnos (locative plural)
bērns (singular vocative)
bērni (plural vocative)

From an earlier *berns, with lengthening ([èɾ] > [æ̀ːɾ]), from Proto-Baltic *bernas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- with an extra -no-s. The meaning evolved from “carry, bear” > “carried thing, burden” > “baby (being carried by pregnant woman)” > “child.” Cognates include Lithuanian bérnas (“young, unmarried man; child; boy; servant”), Sudovian barnaj (“children”) (< *bernai), Proto-Germanic *barną (“child”) (Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽 (barn), Swedish barn, English bairn (“child”)). In the sense of “burden,” also Proto-Slavic *bermę < *bermen- (dialectal Russian бере́мя (berémja, “burden; lap”)), Old Armenian բեռն (beṙn), Ancient Greek φέρνη (phérnē, “dowry”); in the sense of “pregnant,” Russian бере́менная (berémennaja), Polish brzemienna, from brzemienny (“full of cargo”); and in the sense of “to be born, birth,” Ancient Greek φέρμα (phérma, “fruit of the earth”), Old English ġeberan (“to bring forth, to give birth”), German gebären, English bear, be born.

cog

mazs bērns

raudošs bērns

nerātns bērns

neiznests bērns

premature (lit. not-fully-carried) child

ārlaulības, nelikumīgs bērns

bērna audzināšana

auklēt bērnu

kopt bērnu

mācīt bērnu

adoptēt bērnu

bērnu ratiņi

strollers (literally, “little children's carts”)

bērnu autiņi

diapers (literally, “children's little cloths”)

bērnu nams, bērnunams

orphanage (literally, “children's house”)

bērnu dārzs, bērnudārzs

kindergarten (literally, “children's garden”)

bērnu laukums

bērnu literatūra

bērnu ārsts

bērnu spēle

children's play (= something very simple and easy)

tu runā kā bērns

you talk like a child (= too naively, childishly)

child (boy or girl up to approximately 14 or 13 years of age)

vienu vecāku bērni

pieauguši bērni

viņai ir vienpadsmit bērnu: septiņas meitas un četri dēli

she has eleven children: seven daughters and four sons

kad bērni lieli, iet tie paši ar savu galvu un vecāku prātu

child (son or daughter, regardless of age, in relation to their parents; descendants)

“vai, māt, Brūnaļai teļinš!” meitene priecīgi sasit rokas... “Brūnaļa mani vairs nepazīst...” “viņai bail, ka tu nedari pāri viņas bērnam”

“oh, Mum, Brūnaļa (the cow) has a little calf!” the girl happily clapped her hands... “Brūnaļa doesn't know me anymore...” “she is afraid of what you might do to her child”


gadalaiks

gadalaiks (nominative singular)
gadalaiki (nominative plural)
gadalaiku (accusative singular)
gadalaikus (accusative plural)
gadalaika (genitive singular)
gadalaiku (genitive plural)
gadalaikam (dative singular)
gadalaikiem (dative plural)
gadalaiku (instrumental singular)
gadalaikiem (instrumental plural)
gadalaikā (locative singular)
gadalaikos (locative plural)
gadalaik (singular vocative)
gadalaiki (plural vocative)

From gada (“year[gen.]”) + laiks (“time”), probably a calque of German Jahreszeit.

silts, auksts gadalaiks

lietains, sauss gadalaiks

klimatiskie gadalaiki

viņa pati bija kā dzimtenes daba ar tās četriem gadalaikiem, kas cits aiz cita mijas

she herself was like (our) homeland nature with its four seasons, which came one after the other

gleznotāja audeklos tēloti gadalaiki... tur ir pavasari un vasaras, tur ir rudeņi un ziemas

in the painter's canvasses the seasons (were) depicted... here are springs and summers, there are autumns and winters

season of the year (i.e., spring, summer, autumn, winter: periods of the year characterized by different average weather conditions)


meitene

meitene (nominative singular)
meitenes (nominative plural)
meiteni (accusative singular)
meitenes (accusative plural)
meitenes (genitive singular)
meiteņu (genitive plural)
meitenei (dative singular)
meitenēm (dative plural)
meiteni (instrumental singular)
meitenēm (instrumental plural)
meitenē (locative singular)
meitenēs (locative plural)
meitene (singular vocative)
meitenes (plural vocative)

zēns

antonym(s) of “of "young, unmarried woman"”

From meita (“daughter, girl”) + -ene. First attested in 18th-century sources, at first only as “little girl,” later on also as “young woman.”

čakla meitene

meiteņu skola

meiteņu koris

meitene ar bizītēm

meiteņu apģērbi

rotaļās gāja zēni un meitenes

dūšīga sieva ar trim meitenēm, vecumā no desmit līdz četrpadsmit gadiem

a robust woman with three girls, aged from ten to fourteen years

girl (female child, up to approximately 18 years of age)


zēns

zēns (nominative singular)
zēni (nominative plural)
zēnu (accusative singular)
zēnus (accusative plural)
zēna (genitive singular)
zēnu (genitive plural)
zēnam (dative singular)
zēniem (dative plural)
zēnu (instrumental singular)
zēniem (instrumental plural)
zēnā (locative singular)
zēnos (locative plural)
zēn (singular vocative)
zēni (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German söhn (“son”) (sȫne); cf. Sohn (“son”). The e is the nearest vowel to ö in Latvian; the length probably results from the influence of dēls (“son”). In an 18th-century dictionary, zēns is mentioned as “rarely used,” and only in the area around Riga and in Courland; in the 19th century, the word was still mostly used in Courland, but had already entered the literary language, as a synonym of puisis.

zēnu koris

zēnu apģērbi

zēnu rotaļas

zēnu nedarbi

zēnu skola

zēnu istaba

the boys' room (restroom, especially at school)

Haris ir zēns, viņam vēl tālu līdz lielam cilvēkam, viņš daudz nesaprot

Haris is a boy, he has a long way to go to become a grown-up, he doesn't understand much

boy (a male child, approximately until 11 years of age)

sanāca vairāk nekā divdesmit vīriešu, visvairāk jauni zēni, bet arī pusmūža vīri un pat pāris sirmgalvju

more than twenty men came, mostly young boys, bet also some middle-aged men and a few seniors

es vēl negribu uzņemties rūpes par ģimeni... es esmu pavisam zaļš zēns

I don't want to take care of the family yet... I am (still) a very green (= immature) boy

meitenei bija savs zēns

no tās reizes, kad Jautrīte Raiņa vidusskolas sarīkojumā iepazinās ar Guntaru, daži sāka sačukstēties, ka Guntars esot Jautrītes zēns

from that time when Jautrīte met Guntars at the event in the Rainis middle school, some (people) started to whisper that Guntars was Jautrīte's boy (= boyfriend)

boy, boyfriend (a young man in whom a woman is romantically interested)

viņš ir lāga zēns

tēvocis patiešām bija zelta zēns

vecais zēns

old boy! (used to show familiarity, friendship)

(usually with an adjective or adjectival expression) boy, guy (a young man seen as having some, usually positive, quality)


vilku mēnesis

vilku mēnesis (nominative singular)
vilku mēneši (nominative plural)
vilku mēnesi (accusative singular)
vilku mēnešus (accusative plural)
vilku mēneša (genitive singular)
vilku mēnešu (genitive plural)
vilku mēnesim (dative singular)
vilku mēnešiem (dative plural)
vilku mēnesi (instrumental singular)
vilku mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
vilku mēnesī (locative singular)
vilku mēnešos (locative plural)
vilku mēnesi (singular vocative)
vilku mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of December (lit. the month of wolves)


rudens mēnesis

rudens mēnesis (nominative singular)
rudens mēneši (nominative plural)
rudens mēnesi (accusative singular)
rudens mēnešus (accusative plural)
rudens mēneša (genitive singular)
rudens mēnešu (genitive plural)
rudens mēnesim (dative singular)
rudens mēnešiem (dative plural)
rudens mēnesi (instrumental singular)
rudens mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
rudens mēnesī (locative singular)
rudens mēnešos (locative plural)
rudens mēnesi (singular vocative)
rudens mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of October (lit. the month of autumn)


viršu mēnesis

viršu mēnesis (nominative singular)
viršu mēneši (nominative plural)
viršu mēnesi (accusative singular)
viršu mēnešus (accusative plural)
viršu mēneša (genitive singular)
viršu mēnešu (genitive plural)
viršu mēnesim (dative singular)
viršu mēnešiem (dative plural)
viršu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
viršu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
viršu mēnesī (locative singular)
viršu mēnešos (locative plural)
viršu mēnesi (singular vocative)
viršu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of September (lit. the month of heather)


sulu mēnesis

sulu mēnesis (nominative singular)
sulu mēneši (nominative plural)
sulu mēnesi (accusative singular)
sulu mēnešus (accusative plural)
sulu mēneša (genitive singular)
sulu mēnešu (genitive plural)
sulu mēnesim (dative singular)
sulu mēnešiem (dative plural)
sulu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
sulu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
sulu mēnesī (locative singular)
sulu mēnešos (locative plural)
sulu mēnesi (singular vocative)
sulu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of April (lit. the month of juices)


liepu mēnesis

liepu mēnesis (nominative singular)
liepu mēneši (nominative plural)
liepu mēnesi (accusative singular)
liepu mēnešus (accusative plural)
liepu mēneša (genitive singular)
liepu mēnešu (genitive plural)
liepu mēnesim (dative singular)
liepu mēnešiem (dative plural)
liepu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
liepu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
liepu mēnesī (locative singular)
liepu mēnešos (locative plural)
liepu mēnesi (singular vocative)
liepu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of July (lit. the month of lindens)


silu mēnesis

silu mēnesis (nominative singular)
silu mēneši (nominative plural)
silu mēnesi (accusative singular)
silu mēnešus (accusative plural)
silu mēneša (genitive singular)
silu mēnešu (genitive plural)
silu mēnesim (dative singular)
silu mēnešiem (dative plural)
silu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
silu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
silu mēnesī (locative singular)
silu mēnešos (locative plural)
silu mēnesi (singular vocative)
silu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of September (lit. the month of pine trees)


papuves mēnesis

papuves mēnesis (nominative singular)
papuves mēneši (nominative plural)
papuves mēnesi (accusative singular)
papuves mēnešus (accusative plural)
papuves mēneša (genitive singular)
papuves mēnešu (genitive plural)
papuves mēnesim (dative singular)
papuves mēnešiem (dative plural)
papuves mēnesi (instrumental singular)
papuves mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
papuves mēnesī (locative singular)
papuves mēnešos (locative plural)
papuves mēnesi (singular vocative)
papuves mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of June (lit. the month of flowers)


sveču mēnesis

sveču mēnesis (nominative singular)
sveču mēneši (nominative plural)
sveču mēnesi (accusative singular)
sveču mēnešus (accusative plural)
sveču mēneša (genitive singular)
sveču mēnešu (genitive plural)
sveču mēnesim (dative singular)
sveču mēnešiem (dative plural)
sveču mēnesi (instrumental singular)
sveču mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
sveču mēnesī (locative singular)
sveču mēnešos (locative plural)
sveču mēnesi (singular vocative)
sveču mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of February (lit. the month of candles)


siena mēnesis

siena mēnesis (nominative singular)
siena mēneši (nominative plural)
siena mēnesi (accusative singular)
siena mēnešus (accusative plural)
siena mēneša (genitive singular)
siena mēnešu (genitive plural)
siena mēnesim (dative singular)
siena mēnešiem (dative plural)
siena mēnesi (instrumental singular)
siena mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
siena mēnesī (locative singular)
siena mēnešos (locative plural)
siena mēnesi (singular vocative)
siena mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of July (lit. the month of hay)


ziedu mēnesis

ziedu mēnesis (nominative singular)
ziedu mēneši (nominative plural)
ziedu mēnesi (accusative singular)
ziedu mēnešus (accusative plural)
ziedu mēneša (genitive singular)
ziedu mēnešu (genitive plural)
ziedu mēnesim (dative singular)
ziedu mēnešiem (dative plural)
ziedu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
ziedu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
ziedu mēnesī (locative singular)
ziedu mēnešos (locative plural)
ziedu mēnesi (singular vocative)
ziedu mēneši (plural vocative)


ziemas mēnesis

ziemas mēnesis (nominative singular)
ziemas mēneši (nominative plural)
ziemas mēnesi (accusative singular)
ziemas mēnešus (accusative plural)
ziemas mēneša (genitive singular)
ziemas mēnešu (genitive plural)
ziemas mēnesim (dative singular)
ziemas mēnešiem (dative plural)
ziemas mēnesi (instrumental singular)
ziemas mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
ziemas mēnesī (locative singular)
ziemas mēnešos (locative plural)
ziemas mēnesi (singular vocative)
ziemas mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of January (lit. the month of winter)


baložu mēnesis

baložu mēnesis (nominative singular)
baložu mēneši (nominative plural)
baložu mēnesi (accusative singular)
baložu mēnešus (accusative plural)
baložu mēneša (genitive singular)
baložu mēnešu (genitive plural)
baložu mēnesim (dative singular)
baložu mēnešiem (dative plural)
baložu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
baložu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
baložu mēnesī (locative singular)
baložu mēnešos (locative plural)
baložu mēnesi (singular vocative)
baložu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of March (lit. the month of pigeons)


sala mēnesis

sala mēnesis (nominative singular)
sala mēneši (nominative plural)
sala mēnesi (accusative singular)
sala mēnešus (accusative plural)
sala mēneša (genitive singular)
sala mēnešu (genitive plural)
sala mēnesim (dative singular)
sala mēnešiem (dative plural)
sala mēnesi (instrumental singular)
sala mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
sala mēnesī (locative singular)
sala mēnešos (locative plural)
sala mēnesi (singular vocative)
sala mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of February (lit. the month of frost, cold)


labības mēnesis

labības mēnesis (nominative singular)
labības mēneši (nominative plural)
labības mēnesi (accusative singular)
labības mēnešus (accusative plural)
labības mēneša (genitive singular)
labības mēnešu (genitive plural)
labības mēnesim (dative singular)
labības mēnešiem (dative plural)
labības mēnesi (instrumental singular)
labības mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
labības mēnesī (locative singular)
labības mēnešos (locative plural)
labības mēnesi (singular vocative)
labības mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of August (lit. the month of grain harvest)


lapu mēnesis

lapu mēnesis (nominative singular)
lapu mēneši (nominative plural)
lapu mēnesi (accusative singular)
lapu mēnešus (accusative plural)
lapu mēneša (genitive singular)
lapu mēnešu (genitive plural)
lapu mēnesim (dative singular)
lapu mēnešiem (dative plural)
lapu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
lapu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
lapu mēnesī (locative singular)
lapu mēnešos (locative plural)
lapu mēnesi (singular vocative)
lapu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of May (lit. the month of leaves)


sērsnu mēnesis

sērsnu mēnesis (nominative singular)
sērsnu mēneši (nominative plural)
sērsnu mēnesi (accusative singular)
sērsnu mēnešus (accusative plural)
sērsnu mēneša (genitive singular)
sērsnu mēnešu (genitive plural)
sērsnu mēnesim (dative singular)
sērsnu mēnešiem (dative plural)
sērsnu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
sērsnu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
sērsnu mēnesī (locative singular)
sērsnu mēnešos (locative plural)
sērsnu mēnesi (singular vocative)
sērsnu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of March (lit. the month of snow crusts)


zemliku mēnesis

zemliku mēnesis (nominative singular)
zemliku mēneši (nominative plural)
zemliku mēnesi (accusative singular)
zemliku mēnešus (accusative plural)
zemliku mēneša (genitive singular)
zemliku mēnešu (genitive plural)
zemliku mēnesim (dative singular)
zemliku mēnešiem (dative plural)
zemliku mēnesi (instrumental singular)
zemliku mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
zemliku mēnesī (locative singular)
zemliku mēnešos (locative plural)
zemliku mēnesi (singular vocative)
zemliku mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of October (lit. the month of zemlikas: food offerings to placate evil spirits)


meteņu mēnesis

meteņu mēnesis (nominative singular)
meteņu mēneši (nominative plural)
meteņu mēnesi (accusative singular)
meteņu mēnešus (accusative plural)
meteņu mēneša (genitive singular)
meteņu mēnešu (genitive plural)
meteņu mēnesim (dative singular)
meteņu mēnešiem (dative plural)
meteņu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
meteņu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
meteņu mēnesī (locative singular)
meteņu mēnešos (locative plural)
meteņu mēnesi (singular vocative)
meteņu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of February (lit. the month of Shrovetide)


sējas mēnesis

sējas mēnesis (nominative singular)
sējas mēneši (nominative plural)
sējas mēnesi (accusative singular)
sējas mēnešus (accusative plural)
sējas mēneša (genitive singular)
sējas mēnešu (genitive plural)
sējas mēnesim (dative singular)
sējas mēnešiem (dative plural)
sējas mēnesi (instrumental singular)
sējas mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
sējas mēnesī (locative singular)
sējas mēnešos (locative plural)
sējas mēnesi (singular vocative)
sējas mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of May (lit. the month of sowing)


ziedoņa mēnesis

ziedoņa mēnesis (nominative singular)
ziedoņa mēneši (nominative plural)
ziedoņa mēnesi (accusative singular)
ziedoņa mēnešus (accusative plural)
ziedoņa mēneša (genitive singular)
ziedoņa mēnešu (genitive plural)
ziedoņa mēnesim (dative singular)
ziedoņa mēnešiem (dative plural)
ziedoņa mēnesi (instrumental singular)
ziedoņa mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
ziedoņa mēnesī (locative singular)
ziedoņa mēnešos (locative plural)
ziedoņa mēnesi (singular vocative)
ziedoņa mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of May (lit. the month of spring)


puteņu mēnesis

puteņu mēnesis (nominative singular)
puteņu mēneši (nominative plural)
puteņu mēnesi (accusative singular)
puteņu mēnešus (accusative plural)
puteņu mēneša (genitive singular)
puteņu mēnešu (genitive plural)
puteņu mēnesim (dative singular)
puteņu mēnešiem (dative plural)
puteņu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
puteņu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
puteņu mēnesī (locative singular)
puteņu mēnešos (locative plural)
puteņu mēnesi (singular vocative)
puteņu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of February (lit. the month of blizzards)


salnas mēnesis

salnas mēnesis (nominative singular)
salnas mēneši (nominative plural)
salnas mēnesi (accusative singular)
salnas mēnešus (accusative plural)
salnas mēneša (genitive singular)
salnas mēnešu (genitive plural)
salnas mēnesim (dative singular)
salnas mēnešiem (dative plural)
salnas mēnesi (instrumental singular)
salnas mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
salnas mēnesī (locative singular)
salnas mēnešos (locative plural)
salnas mēnesi (singular vocative)
salnas mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of November (lit. the month of frost)


rudzu mēnesis

rudzu mēnesis (nominative singular)
rudzu mēneši (nominative plural)
rudzu mēnesi (accusative singular)
rudzu mēnešus (accusative plural)
rudzu mēneša (genitive singular)
rudzu mēnešu (genitive plural)
rudzu mēnesim (dative singular)
rudzu mēnešiem (dative plural)
rudzu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
rudzu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
rudzu mēnesī (locative singular)
rudzu mēnešos (locative plural)
rudzu mēnesi (singular vocative)
rudzu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of August (lit. the month of rye)


veļu mēnesis

veļu mēnesis (nominative singular)
veļu mēneši (nominative plural)
veļu mēnesi (accusative singular)
veļu mēnešus (accusative plural)
veļu mēneša (genitive singular)
veļu mēnešu (genitive plural)
veļu mēnesim (dative singular)
veļu mēnešiem (dative plural)
veļu mēnesi (instrumental singular)
veļu mēnešiem (instrumental plural)
veļu mēnesī (locative singular)
veļu mēnešos (locative plural)
veļu mēnesi (singular vocative)
veļu mēneši (plural vocative)

(archaic) the month of October (lit. the month of dead souls)


putenis

putenis (nominative singular)
puteņi (nominative plural)
puteni (accusative singular)
puteņus (accusative plural)
puteņa (genitive singular)
puteņu (genitive plural)
putenim (dative singular)
puteņiem (dative plural)
puteni (instrumental singular)
puteņiem (instrumental plural)
putenī (locative singular)
puteņos (locative plural)
puteni (singular vocative)
puteņi (plural vocative)


sniegputenis

sniegputenis (nominative singular)
sniegputeņi (nominative plural)
sniegputeni (accusative singular)
sniegputeņus (accusative plural)
sniegputeņa (genitive singular)
sniegputeņu (genitive plural)
sniegputenim (dative singular)
sniegputeņiem (dative plural)
sniegputeni (instrumental singular)
sniegputeņiem (instrumental plural)
sniegputenī (locative singular)
sniegputeņos (locative plural)
sniegputeni (singular vocative)
sniegputeņi (plural vocative)

From sniegs (“snow”) + putenis (“blizzard”).


sērsna

sērsna (nominative singular)
sērsnas (nominative plural)
sērsnu (accusative singular)
sērsnas (accusative plural)
sērsnas (genitive singular)
sērsnu (genitive plural)
sērsnai (dative singular)
sērsnām (dative plural)
sērsnu (instrumental singular)
sērsnām (instrumental plural)
sērsnā (locative singular)
sērsnās (locative plural)
sērsna (singular vocative)
sērsnas (plural vocative)

staigāt pa sērsnu


modinātājpulkstenis

modinātājpulkstenis (nominative singular)
modinātājpulksteņi (nominative plural)
modinātājpulksteni (accusative singular)
modinātājpulksteņus (accusative plural)
modinātājpulksteņa (genitive singular)
modinātājpulksteņu (genitive plural)
modinātājpulkstenim (dative singular)
modinātājpulksteņiem (dative plural)
modinātājpulksteni (instrumental singular)
modinātājpulksteņiem (instrumental plural)
modinātājpulkstenī (locative singular)
modinātājpulksteņos (locative plural)
modinātājpulksteni (singular vocative)
modinātājpulksteņi (plural vocative)

From modinātājs (“waker”) + pulkstenis (“clock”) (with modinātājs from modināt (“to wake up”) + -ājs).

compound

elektronu modinātājpulkstenis

uzvilkt modinātājpulksteni

to wind up (the spring of a wind-up) alarm clock

modinātājpulksteņa zvans


modinātājs

lv-noun

modinātājs m (1st declension, feminine form: modinātāja)

modinātāja (feminine)
modinātājs (nominative singular)
modinātāji (nominative plural)
modinātāju (accusative singular)
modinātājus (accusative plural)
modinātāja (genitive singular)
modinātāju (genitive plural)
modinātājam (dative singular)
modinātājiem (dative plural)
modinātāju (instrumental singular)
modinātājiem (instrumental plural)
modinātājā (locative singular)
modinātājos (locative plural)
modinātāj (singular vocative)
modinātāji (plural vocative)

modinātājs nozvanīja

uzgriezt modinātāju, lai zvana septiņos

to set the alarm clock so that it goes off at seven o'clock


ziedonis

ziedonis (nominative singular)
ziedoņi (nominative plural)
ziedoni (accusative singular)
ziedoņus (accusative plural)
ziedoņa (genitive singular)
ziedoņu (genitive plural)
ziedonim (dative singular)
ziedoņiem (dative plural)
ziedoni (instrumental singular)
ziedoņiem (instrumental plural)
ziedonī (locative singular)
ziedoņos (locative plural)
ziedoni (singular vocative)
ziedoņi (plural vocative)

Coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1868 from zieds (“flower”) + -onis.

ziedoņa rīts

ziedoņa vēsma

ābele ziedonī

dzīves ziedonis

mīlestības ziedonis

(poetic) spring, springtime (the season when plants and trees blossom)


salna

salna (nominative singular)
salnas (nominative plural)
salnu (accusative singular)
salnas (accusative plural)
salnas (genitive singular)
salnu (genitive plural)
salnai (dative singular)
salnām (dative plural)
salnu (instrumental singular)
salnām (instrumental plural)
salnā (locative singular)
salnās (locative plural)
salna (singular vocative)
salnas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śalˀnā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolH-n-eh₂. Morphologically from the salt (“to freeze”). Historically (and dialectally), salna was often used to mean the same as sarma or sals. Cognate with Lithuanian šalná and Proto-Slavic *solna.

pavasara salna

salna nokodusi puķes

augļu dārzu aizsardzība pret salnām

(weather) light frost, especially in spring or winter, with temperatures below 0°C at night


minūte

minūte (nominative singular)
minūtes (nominative plural)
minūti (accusative singular)
minūtes (accusative plural)
minūtes (genitive singular)
minūšu (genitive plural)
minūtei (dative singular)
minūtēm (dative plural)
minūti (instrumental singular)
minūtēm (instrumental plural)
minūtē (locative singular)
minūtēs (locative plural)
minūte (singular vocative)
minūtes (plural vocative)

From Medieval Latin minūta (“diminished (hour)”).

uder

piecu minūšu gājiens

desmit minūšu pārtraukums

pulkstenis ir septiņi un desmit minūtes


ilgs

head

ilgs (definite ilgais, comparative ilgāks, superlative visilgākais, adverb ilgi)

ilgais (definite)
ilgāks (comparative)
visilgākais (superlative)
ilgi (adverb)
ilgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ilgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ilga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ilgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ilgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ilgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ilgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ilgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ilga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ilgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ilgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ilgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ilgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ilgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ilgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ilgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ilgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ilgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ilgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ilgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ilgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ilgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ilgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ilgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dílˀgas, from Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós. Karulis posits that the d- visible in Slavic and Indic is prefixal, but the consensus reconstruction makes the *d part of the root, with *dl simplifying to l also in Latin and Germanic.

aizbraukt uz ilgu laiku

pēc ilgiem laikiem atgriezties

sarunāties par ilgu


Ziemsvētki

Ziemsvētki (nominative plural)
Ziemsvētkus (accusative plural)
Ziemsvētku (genitive plural)
Ziemsvētkiem (dative plural)
Ziemsvētkiem (instrumental plural)
Ziemsvētkos (locative plural)
Ziemsvētki (plural vocative)

From ziemas (“winter[gen.]”) + svētki (“feast, celebration”).


mazulis

mazulis (nominative singular)
mazuļi (nominative plural)
mazuli (accusative singular)
mazuļus (accusative plural)
mazuļa (genitive singular)
mazuļu (genitive plural)
mazulim (dative singular)
mazuļiem (dative plural)
mazuli (instrumental singular)
mazuļiem (instrumental plural)
mazulī (locative singular)
mazuļos (locative plural)
mazuli (singular vocative)
mazuļi (plural vocative)

auklēt mazuli

rotaļāties ar mazuli

dūdo mazulis ratiņos

little child, little one, baby (syn. zīdainis)


zīdainis

lv-noun

zīdainis m (2nd declension, feminine form: zīdaine)

zīdaine (feminine)
zīdainis (nominative singular)
zīdaiņi (nominative plural)
zīdaini (accusative singular)
zīdaiņus (accusative plural)
zīdaiņa (genitive singular)
zīdaiņu (genitive plural)
zīdainim (dative singular)
zīdaiņiem (dative plural)
zīdaini (instrumental singular)
zīdaiņiem (instrumental plural)
zīdainī (locative singular)
zīdaiņos (locative plural)
zīdaini (singular vocative)
zīdaiņi (plural vocative)

From zīst (past stem: zīd-) (“to suck, to suckle”) + -ains, made into a masculine 2nd-declension noun (ending -is).

suffix

zīdaiņa kopšana

zīdaiņa uzturs

zīdaiņa vecums

infant, baby (child in its first year of life, when its basic food is mother's milk)


zīdaine

lv-noun

zīdaine f (5th declension, masculine form: zīdainis)

zīdainis (masculine)
zīdaine (nominative singular)
zīdaines (nominative plural)
zīdaini (accusative singular)
zīdaines (accusative plural)
zīdaines (genitive singular)
zīdaiņu (genitive plural)
zīdainei (dative singular)
zīdainēm (dative plural)
zīdaini (instrumental singular)
zīdainēm (instrumental plural)
zīdainē (locative singular)
zīdainēs (locative plural)
zīdaine (singular vocative)
zīdaines (plural vocative)


ziemīgs

head

ziemīgs (definite ziemīgais, comparative ziemīgāks, superlative visziemīgākais, adverb ziemīgi)

ziemīgais (definite)
ziemīgāks (comparative)
visziemīgākais (superlative)
ziemīgi (adverb)
ziemīgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ziemīgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ziemīga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ziemīgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ziemīgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ziemīgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ziemīgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ziemīgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ziemīga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ziemīgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ziemīgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ziemīgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ziemīgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ziemīgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ziemīgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ziemīgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ziemīgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ziemīgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ziemīgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ziemīgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ziemīgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ziemīgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ziemīgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ziemīgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

ziemīga ainava

ziemīgas noskaņas

ziemīga saule

ziemīgi lauki

(weather, places) wintry, winterly, typical of winter time


sniega arkls

sniega arkls (nominative singular)
sniega arkli (nominative plural)
sniega arklu (accusative singular)
sniega arklus (accusative plural)
sniega arkla (genitive singular)
sniega arklu (genitive plural)
sniega arklam (dative singular)
sniega arkliem (dative plural)
sniega arklu (instrumental singular)
sniega arkliem (instrumental plural)
sniega arklā (locative singular)
sniega arklos (locative plural)
sniega arkl (singular vocative)
sniega arkli (plural vocative)

jaudīgs, rotējošs sniega arkls

snow plow (US), snow plough (UK) (device for removing snow)


tagadne

tagadne (nominative singular)
tagadni (accusative singular)
tagadnes (genitive singular)
tagadnei (dative singular)
tagadni (instrumental singular)
tagadnē (locative singular)
tagadne (singular vocative)

Coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, from tagad (“now”) + -ne, at first in the form tagadiene, later on (in the 1870s) in its present form. As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

tas ir tagadnes cilvēka lāsts

this is the curse of present-day man (lit. person)

režisors pievērsies filozofiskiem vispārinājumiem, meklē dzīvo saikni starp vakardienu, šodienu un rītdienu, starp pagātni, tagadni un nākotni

the (film) director turned to philosophical generalizations, he looked for a living link between yesterday, today, and tomorrow, between the past, the present, and the future

present (the current time period; the circumstances of the current time period)


pagātne

pagātne (nominative singular)
pagātni (accusative singular)
pagātnes (genitive singular)
pagātnei (dative singular)
pagātni (instrumental singular)
pagātnē (locative singular)
pagātne (singular vocative)

A neologism coined from pagā(jis) (“gone, passed”) + -tne by Atis Kronvalds in 1873, as a calque of German Vergangenheit (“past”), from past participle vergangen (“gone, passed”)). As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

tāla pagātne

atcerēties savu pagātni

vēsturiskā, ģeoloģiskā pagātne

tautas pagātne

par pagātni vēsta seni raksti, tagadni savām acīm var redzēt ikviens, un nākotne ir noslēpums visiem

old writings tell about the past, everybody can see the present with their own eyes, and the future is a mystery to all

cik vien tālu Kaspars spēja atskatīties pagātnē, ziemas vienmēr bija atnākušas pa nakti

as far as Kaspars could look into the past, winters always came during the night

past (time period anterior to the present; circumstances previous to the present, current ones)


nākamība

nākamība (nominative singular)
nākamību (accusative singular)
nākamības (genitive singular)
nākamībai (dative singular)
nākamību (instrumental singular)
nākamībā (locative singular)
nākamība (singular vocative)

From nākams (“coming, which is to come”) + -ība (with nākams, a present passive participle, from nāk(t) (“to come”) + -ams).

suffix

nākamībā nekad vairs netaisīšu parādus; uz priekšu būšu godīgs

in the future I will never again make debts; I will from now on be honest, honorable

Liepāja: kāda tu esi šodien, kāda būsi rīt?... ko tu no savas bagātās pagātnes paņemsi līdzi nākamībā? — Liepāja: what are you like now, what will you be like tomorrow?... what will you take along from your rich past into the future?

(poetic) future (the time period after the present; circumstances, prospects for such time period)


nākotne

nākotne (nominative singular)
nākotni (accusative singular)
nākotnes (genitive singular)
nākotnei (dative singular)
nākotni (instrumental singular)
nākotnē (locative singular)
nākotne (singular vocative)

From nāk(t) (“to come”) + -otne. A neologism coined by Atis Kronvalds in 1869, initially in the form nākote, then nākatne. The modern form was later introduced by Krišjānis Valdemārs and Fricis Brīvzemnieks. As a grammatical term, it was first used by A. Stērste in 1879.

skaista, gaiš nākotne

tuvākā, tālākā nākotne

nākotnes cilvēks

nākotnes cerības, uzdevumi

kāda tu būsi nākotnē?

future (time period after the present; circumstances to exist after the present, current ones)


tagadējs

head

tagadējs (definite tagadējais, no adverb)

tagadējais (definite)
tagadējs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
tagadēji (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
tagadēja (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
tagadējas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
tagadēju (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
tagadējus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
tagadēju (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
tagadējas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
tagadēja (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
tagadēju (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
tagadējas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
tagadēju (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
tagadējam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
tagadējiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
tagadējai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
tagadējām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
tagadēju (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
tagadējiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
tagadēju (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
tagadējām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
tagadējā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
tagadējos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
tagadējā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
tagadējās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

tagadējā tehnika

tagadējie darbi

tagadējā paaudze

tagadējie laiki

bet mācību, ziniet, tagadējos laikos var visi iegūt

but education, you know, everybody can get nowadays

present, current, modern, today's, nowadays (which relates to, is valid in, the present time)


bērnība

bērnība (nominative singular)
bērnību (accusative singular)
bērnības (genitive singular)
bērnībai (dative singular)
bērnību (instrumental singular)
bērnībā (locative singular)
bērnība (singular vocative)

laimīga, bezrūpīga bērnība – a happy, carefree childhood

bērnības draugi – childhood friends

bērnības atmiņas – childhood memories

bērnības rotaļas – childhood toys

bērnam pieder bērnība, laimīgs laiks, kad jaunais pilsonis zinātkārs, iepazīstas ar apkārtējo pasauli – childhood belongs to the child, a happy time when a new curious citizen becomes acquainted with the surrounding world

childhood (time in one's life after one's birth and before one's adolescence)


skuķēns

skuķēns (nominative singular)
skuķēni (nominative plural)
skuķēnu (accusative singular)
skuķēnus (accusative plural)
skuķēna (genitive singular)
skuķēnu (genitive plural)
skuķēnam (dative singular)
skuķēniem (dative plural)
skuķēnu (instrumental singular)
skuķēniem (instrumental plural)
skuķēnā (locative singular)
skuķēnos (locative plural)
skuķēn (singular vocative)
skuķēni (plural vocative)

From skuķis (“girl, young woman”) + -ēns.

Ingūna vēl nevarēja lepoties ar briedumu, kas meitenes atšķir no skuķēniem

Ingūna could not yet boast of maturity, that which distinguishes young women from little girls

sīks skuķēns, tāds kā pelēks griezes bērns, tecēja pa celiņu

a little girl, just like a baby gray corncrake, ran through the passage


meitenīte

meitenīte (nominative singular)
meitenītes (nominative plural)
meitenīti (accusative singular)
meitenītes (accusative plural)
meitenītes (genitive singular)
meitenīšu (genitive plural)
meitenītei (dative singular)
meitenītēm (dative plural)
meitenīti (instrumental singular)
meitenītēm (instrumental plural)
meitenītē (locative singular)
meitenītēs (locative plural)
meitenīte (singular vocative)
meitenītes (plural vocative)

From meitene (“girl”) + -īte (“dim.”) (with meitene from meita (“daughter, girl”) + -ene).

puisītis vai meitenīte?

is it a little boy or a little girl? (asked to a pregnant woman)

šai aukstumā un tumsā pa ielu gāja maza, nabadzīga meitenīte kailu galvu un basām kājām

in this cold and darkness there went by the road a small, poor little girl, bareheaded and barefoot


puisēns

puisēns (nominative singular)
puisēni (nominative plural)
puisēnu (accusative singular)
puisēnus (accusative plural)
puisēna (genitive singular)
puisēnu (genitive plural)
puisēnam (dative singular)
puisēniem (dative plural)
puisēnu (instrumental singular)
puisēniem (instrumental plural)
puisēnā (locative singular)
puisēnos (locative plural)
puisēn (singular vocative)
puisēni (plural vocative)

sešus gadus vecs puisēns

brīnišķīgs puisēns ieradās pasaulē jau pirmajā laulības gadā

a wonderful little boy came to the world already in the first year of (their) marriage

māte neatbildēja; zinātkārīgā puisēna jautājums varbūt viņai bija par grūtu

the mother didn't answer; the curious little boy's question was perhaps too hard for her


puisītis

puisītis (nominative singular)
puisīši (nominative plural)
puisīti (accusative singular)
puisīšus (accusative plural)
puisīša (genitive singular)
puisīšu (genitive plural)
puisītim (dative singular)
puisīšiem (dative plural)
puisīti (instrumental singular)
puisīšiem (instrumental plural)
puisītī (locative singular)
puisīšos (locative plural)
puisīt (singular vocative)
puisīši (plural vocative)

From puisis (“young man, boy”) + -ītis (“dim.”).

suffix

puisītis vai meitenīte?

dziesma par mazo puisīti

Rīgas Dzemdību namā šogad pirmais piedzimis puisītis

the first little boy born this year in the Maternity Hospital of Riga


zeņķis

zeņķis (nominative singular)
zeņķi (nominative plural)
zeņķi (accusative singular)
zeņķus (accusative plural)
zeņķa (genitive singular)
zeņķu (genitive plural)
zeņķim (dative singular)
zeņķiem (dative plural)
zeņķi (instrumental singular)
zeņķiem (instrumental plural)
zeņķī (locative singular)
zeņķos (locative plural)
zeņķi (singular vocative)
zeņķi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German sönke (“son (dim.”) (also sänke), borrowed in parallel to zēns from the non-diminutive form söhn, sȫne.

tos zeņķus gan tu, Matīs, esi pagalam nomocījis

those guys, Matīs, you have really harassed them


puisis

puisis (nominative singular)
puiši (nominative plural)
puisi (accusative singular)
puišus (accusative plural)
puiša (genitive singular)
puišu (genitive plural)
puisim (dative singular)
puišiem (dative plural)
puisi (instrumental singular)
puišiem (instrumental plural)
puisī (locative singular)
puišos (locative plural)
puisi (singular vocative)
puiši (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Livonian pȯis (“little child”) (cf. also Estonian poiss, Finnish dialectal poissi), the diminutive of pūoga (“son, child”). From the same term also puika was borrowed (q.v.). Apparently, puisis is older than puika, since it is already mentioned in 17th-century sources, and occurs in 16th-century family names.

puiša dienas

young man's days (i.e., before marriage)

palikt, dzīvot puisī

to remain, to live as (lit. in) a young man (= unmarried)

vasarā klēts bija jauniešu - puišu un meitu - iemīļota satikšanās vieta

in summer the barn was the favorite meeting place of young people - boys and girls

un nākotne nu bija tāda, ka Ilga precēsies ar šo puisi

and the future was now such that Ilga (had) married this young man


ziemot

head

ziemot (intransitive, 2nd conjugation, present ziemoju, ziemo, ziemo, past ziemoju)

conjugation (second-person)
ziemoju (present)
ziemo (present)
ziemoju (past)
ziemoju (first-person indicative present singular)
ziemoju (first-person indicative past singular)
ziemošu (first-person future indicative singular)
ziemo (indicative present second-person singular)
ziemoji (indicative past second-person singular)
ziemosi (future indicative second-person singular)
ziemo (imperative second-person singular)
ziemo (indicative present singular third-person)
ziemoja (indicative past singular third-person)
ziemos (future indicative singular third-person)
lai ziemo (imperative singular third-person)
ziemojam (first-person indicative plural present)
ziemojām (first-person indicative past plural)
ziemosim (first-person future indicative plural)
ziemosim (first-person imperative plural)
ziemojat (indicative plural present second-person)
ziemojāt (indicative past plural second-person)
ziemosiet (future indicative plural second-person)
ziemosit (future indicative plural second-person)
ziemojiet (imperative plural second-person)
ziemo (indicative plural present third-person)
ziemoja (indicative past plural third-person)
ziemos (future indicative plural third-person)
lai ziemo (imperative plural third-person)
ziemojot (present renarrative)
ziemojošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot ziemojis (past renarrative)
ziemodams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
ziemošot (future renarrative)
ziemojot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai ziemojot (imperative)
ziemojam (active participle participle-4 present)
ziemojis (active participle past)
ziemotu (conditional present)
būtu ziemojis (conditional past)
jāziemo (debitive indicative)
būt jāziemo (debitive indicative)
ziemot (infinitive)
esot jāziemo (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
neziemot (infinitive negative)
jāziemojot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
ziemošana (noun-from-verb)

From the same stem as ziema (“winter”), made into a second conjugation verb (ending -ot).

bites šogad labi ziemojuasš

zināmas apmēram 420 vietas, kur regulāri vai neregulāri ziemo pīles

420 places are known where ducks regularly or irregularly winter

gulbji neiet projām, gulbji paliek ziemot

swans do not go away, swans stay for the winter (lit. stay to winter)

ekspedicija ziemoja pola tuvumā

the expedition spent the winter near the pole

to winter, to overwinter (to stay, to continue living somewhere during winter; to spend the winter somewhere)

ziemojošas lauksaimniecības kultūras

sīpoli labi ziemo, ja tiem līdz salam paspējušas izveidoties saknes

onions winter well, if they had time to develop roots before (the time of) frosts

(of plants) to winter, to overwinter (to keep the capacity to grow during winter)


agrums

agrums (nominative singular)
agrumu (accusative singular)
agruma (genitive singular)
agrumam (dative singular)
agrumu (instrumental singular)
agrumā (locative singular)
agrum (singular vocative)

rīta agrumā Gulke modās savā divistabu dzīvoklī..., steigdamies dzēra kafiju un devās uz fabriku, kas atradās tepat tuvumā...

in the early morning (lit. in the morning earliness) Gulke woke up in his two-room apartment..., hurriedly drank coffe and went to the factory which was located nearby

earliness (the quality or state of that which is early; the fact of it being early)


agrs

agrs (definite agrais, comparative agrāks, superlative visagrākais, adverb agri)

agrais (definite)
agrāks (comparative)
visagrākais (superlative)
agri (adverb)
agrs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
agri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
agra (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
agras (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
agru (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
agrus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
agru (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
agras (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
agra (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
agru (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
agras (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
agru (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
agram (dative indefinite masculine singular)
agriem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
agrai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
agrām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
agru (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
agriem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
agru (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
agrām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
agrā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
agros (indefinite locative masculine plural)
agrā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
agrās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Baltic *agras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eg-ro-s, from *h₂eg- with -ro “spike, top, beginning.” This stem is apparently a variant of *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”), whence Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros, “sharp, pointed”), Latin ācer (“sharp”) (< *h₂ḱrós). If this is true, Latvian agrs would originally have meant “sharp,” from which “fast, quick” and finally “early.” Cognates include Hittite [script needed] (ḫegur, “peak, cliff”), Sanskrit अग्र (ágra, “spike, peak, beginning”), Avestan 𐬀𐬔𐬭𐬋 (agrō, “first”), 𐬀𐬔𐬭𐬆𐬨 (agrəm, “beginning”).

cog

agrs rīts

no agra rīta līdz vēlam vakaram

agrais feodālisms

agrā renesanse

bija vēl agrs pavasaris, naktī pieturējās sals, un sniegs vēl nebija nokusis

it was still early spring, the night was still frosty, and the snow had not yet melted

early (relating to the beginning phase of some period of time)

šogad agrs pavasaris

atnākt par agru

jau vakars... no slapjajiem laukiem kāpj gaisā bieza migla... aizklāj debesis un atveļ agru tumsu

already evening... from the wet fields a light, thick smog rose... it shielded the sky and allowed an early darkness

early (which happens before its usual time)


aizparīt

From aiz- + parīt (“day after tomorrow”) (with parīt from pa- + rīt (“tomorrow”)).

viņš atbrauks aizparīt

vecais Brīviņš nebrauca ne rītu, ne parīt, pat aizparīt vēl ne

the old Brīviņš did not go the next day, the day after that, not even two days afterwards

in the day after the day after tomorrow; three days from today


parīts

parīts (nominative singular)
parīti (nominative plural)
parītu (accusative singular)
parītus (accusative plural)
parīta (genitive singular)
parītu (genitive plural)
parītam (dative singular)
parītiem (dative plural)
parītu (instrumental singular)
parītiem (instrumental plural)
parītā (locative singular)
parītos (locative plural)
parīt (singular vocative)
parīti (plural vocative)

A nominalized version of parīt (from pa- + rīt (“tomorrow”)).

labi būtu, ja jūs atbildētu līdz parītam, tad es braukšu atpakaļ

it would be good if you answered by the day after tomorrow, (and) then I would go back

ko darīju tūļin rītā, ko parītā?

what will I do tomorrow, what the day after tomorrow?

saimniecībā ierasts domāt ne tikai par šodienu un rītdienu, bet arī par parītu

in the (local) economy it is customary to think not only about today and tomorrow, but also about the day after tomorrow

the day after tomorrow; also, the future


parītdiena

parītdiena (nominative singular)
parītdienas (nominative plural)
parītdienu (accusative singular)
parītdienas (accusative plural)
parītdienas (genitive singular)
parītdienu (genitive plural)
parītdienai (dative singular)
parītdienām (dative plural)
parītdienu (instrumental singular)
parītdienām (instrumental plural)
parītdienā (locative singular)
parītdienās (locative plural)
parītdiena (singular vocative)
parītdienas (plural vocative)

From parīt (“day after tomorrow”) + diena (“day”) (with parīt from pa- + rīt (“tomorrow”)).

compound

esmu brīvs līdz parītdienai

biļetes parītdienas koncertam

tickets for the concert the day after tomorrow

sludinājums būs parītdienas laikrakstā

the announcement will be in the newspaper of the day after tomorrow

“Vai es jūs varētu rīt satikt?” “Nē, rītdiena man jau aizņemta.” “Tad parīt?” Atbildēju, ka arī parītdiena man nav brīva

“Can I meet you tomorrow?” “Ne, tomorrow is already taken.” “Day after tomorrow, then?” I answered that also the day after tomorrow I am not free


aizvakardiena

aizvakardiena (nominative singular)
aizvakardienas (nominative plural)
aizvakardienu (accusative singular)
aizvakardienas (accusative plural)
aizvakardienas (genitive singular)
aizvakardienu (genitive plural)
aizvakardienai (dative singular)
aizvakardienām (dative plural)
aizvakardienu (instrumental singular)
aizvakardienām (instrumental plural)
aizvakardienā (locative singular)
aizvakardienās (locative plural)
aizvakardiena (singular vocative)
aizvakardienas (plural vocative)

From aizvakar (“day before yesterday”) + diena (“day”).

gaidīt vēstuli kopš aizvakardienas

to expect a letter since the day before yesterday

kopš aizvakardienas neesmu viņu saticis

I haven't met (= seen) him since the day before yesterday

vakardiena un aizvakardiena pagāja, gatavojoties ceļojumam

yesterday and the day before yesterday went by in preparation for the trip


rītdiena

rītdiena (nominative singular)
rītdienas (nominative plural)
rītdienu (accusative singular)
rītdienas (accusative plural)
rītdienas (genitive singular)
rītdienu (genitive plural)
rītdienai (dative singular)
rītdienām (dative plural)
rītdienu (instrumental singular)
rītdienām (instrumental plural)
rītdienā (locative singular)
rītdienās (locative plural)
rītdiena (singular vocative)
rītdienas (plural vocative)

cīņa par labāku rītdienu

arhitekta darbs vienmēr ir vērsts rītdienai

the work of an architect is always focused on tomorrow

ja cilvēkiem jauna, kvēla sirds un ja viņš tic rītdienai, vislielākajā salā viņam ir silti

if a person has a young, ardent heart and if he believes in tomorrow (= the future), (then) he is (= feels) warm (even) in the greatest cold

(the day of) tomorrow (the future, especially the near future)


vakardiena

vakardiena (nominative singular)
vakardienas (nominative plural)
vakardienu (accusative singular)
vakardienas (accusative plural)
vakardienas (genitive singular)
vakardienu (genitive plural)
vakardienai (dative singular)
vakardienām (dative plural)
vakardienu (instrumental singular)
vakardienām (instrumental plural)
vakardienā (locative singular)
vakardienās (locative plural)
vakardiena (singular vocative)
vakardienas (plural vocative)

From vakar (“yesterday”) + diena (“day”).

tas viss bija tik sen... un tu zini, vakardienu pats Dievs nevar atgriezt; viss ir bijis, bijis...

all that was so long ago... and you know, even God cannot return (the day of) yesterday; what is gone, (is) gone...

šā gada rudens un ziemas sezonas apģērba galvenā tendence: šodienas stils ar vakardienas tradīciju

the main trend of this year's autumn and winter clothing: today's style with yesterday's tradition

(the day of) yesterday (the past, especially the recent past)


diennakts

diennakts (nominative singular)
diennaktis (nominative plural)
diennakti (accusative singular)
diennaktis (accusative plural)
diennakts (genitive singular)
diennakšu (genitive plural)
diennaktij (dative singular)
diennaktīm (dative plural)
diennakti (instrumental singular)
diennaktīm (instrumental plural)
diennaktī (locative singular)
diennaktīs (locative plural)
diennakts (singular vocative)
diennaktis (plural vocative)

diennakts vidējā temperatūra

divas diennaktis ilgs brauciens

ierasties pēc trīm diennaktīm

diennaktī saražotās produkcijas daudzums

diennakts ir vissenākā mēra vienība

the day is the oldest (time) measurment unit

stacija vienā diennaktī var apkalpot 200 000 cilvēku

the (train) statioin can serve 200,000 people in one day

ja mēs pārmaiņus airējam un stundā nobraucam divas jūdzes, tad pēc astoņam diennaktīm esam tur

if we alternate rowing and (manage to) travel two miles in an hour, then after eight days we will be there

day (an entire period of 24 hours comprising a day and a night)


šodiena

šodiena (nominative singular)
šodienas (nominative plural)
šodienu (accusative singular)
šodienas (accusative plural)
šodienas (genitive singular)
šodienu (genitive plural)
šodienai (dative singular)
šodienām (dative plural)
šodienu (instrumental singular)
šodienām (instrumental plural)
šodienā (locative singular)
šodienās (locative plural)
šodiena (singular vocative)
šodienas (plural vocative)

risināt literatūrā aktuālās šodienas problēmas

addressing today's problems in literature

kā īsti dabasbērni papuasi pieraduši dzīvot vienīgi šodienai, par tālāku nākotni nerūpēdamies

as genuine children of nature, the Papuans are accustomed to living only for today, not worrying about the distant future

today, nowadays (the current time period)


kalendārs

kalendārs (nominative singular)
kalendāri (nominative plural)
kalendāru (accusative singular)
kalendārus (accusative plural)
kalendāra (genitive singular)
kalendāru (genitive plural)
kalendāram (dative singular)
kalendāriem (dative plural)
kalendāru (instrumental singular)
kalendāriem (instrumental plural)
kalendārā (locative singular)
kalendāros (locative plural)
kalendār (singular vocative)
kalendāri (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin calendarium (“account book”), from calendae (“the first day of the month”), from calō (“to announce solemnly, to call out (the sighting of the new moon)”).

saules, mēness kalendārs

Jūlija, Gregora kalendārs

regulārā mēness izskata maiņa ir devusi pamatu kalendāram

the regular change in the appearance of the moon has given rise to the calendar

calendar (time counting system based on periodic natural phenomena)


gadsimts

gadsimts (nominative singular)
gadsimti (nominative plural)
gadsimtu (accusative singular)
gadsimtus (accusative plural)
gadsimta (genitive singular)
gadsimtu (genitive plural)
gadsimtam (dative singular)
gadsimtiem (dative plural)
gadsimtu (instrumental singular)
gadsimtiem (instrumental plural)
gadsimtā (locative singular)
gadsimtos (locative plural)
gadsimt (singular vocative)
gadsimti (plural vocative)

pagājušais gadsimts

gadsimtiem ilgi

divdesmitais gadsimts

Latvijas pilsētas šobrīd ātri maina savu gadsimtos veidoto seju

Latvian cities now quickly change their centuries-old face

Ēģiptes atradnes līdz 16. gadsimta vidum bija vienīgās smaragdu piegādātājas Austrumu zemēm

Egyptian deposits were the only supplier of emeralds to Eastern lands until the mid-16th century

century (a time period of a hundred years; such a period as part of a calendar system)


biatlons

biatlons (nominative singular)
biatlonu (accusative singular)
biatlona (genitive singular)
biatlonam (dative singular)
biatlonu (instrumental singular)
biatlonā (locative singular)
biatlon (singular vocative)


brīdis

brīdis (nominative singular)
brīži (nominative plural)
brīdi (accusative singular)
brīžus (accusative plural)
brīža (genitive singular)
brīžu (genitive plural)
brīdim (dative singular)
brīžiem (dative plural)
brīdi (instrumental singular)
brīžiem (instrumental plural)
brīdī (locative singular)
brīžos (locative plural)
brīdi (singular vocative)
brīži (plural vocative)


desmitgade

desmitgade (nominative singular)
desmitgades (nominative plural)
desmitgadi (accusative singular)
desmitgades (accusative plural)
desmitgades (genitive singular)
desmitgažu (genitive plural)
desmitgadei (dative singular)
desmitgadēm (dative plural)
desmitgadi (instrumental singular)
desmitgadēm (instrumental plural)
desmitgadē (locative singular)
desmitgadēs (locative plural)
desmitgade (singular vocative)
desmitgades (plural vocative)

Derived from desmit (“ten”) and gads (“year”).


tūkstošgade

tūkstošgade (nominative singular)
tūkstošgades (nominative plural)
tūkstošgadi (accusative singular)
tūkstošgades (accusative plural)
tūkstošgades (genitive singular)
tūkstošgažu (genitive plural)
tūkstošgadei (dative singular)
tūkstošgadēm (dative plural)
tūkstošgadi (instrumental singular)
tūkstošgadēm (instrumental plural)
tūkstošgadē (locative singular)
tūkstošgadēs (locative plural)
tūkstošgade (singular vocative)
tūkstošgades (plural vocative)

Derived from tūkstotis (“thousand”) and gads (“year”).


policists

lv-noun

policists m (1st declension, feminine form: policiste)

policiste (feminine)
policists (nominative singular)
policisti (nominative plural)
policistu (accusative singular)
policistus (accusative plural)
policista (genitive singular)
policistu (genitive plural)
policistam (dative singular)
policistiem (dative plural)
policistu (instrumental singular)
policistiem (instrumental plural)
policistā (locative singular)
policistos (locative plural)
policist (singular vocative)
policisti (plural vocative)

(ice hockey) enforcer, policeman (player tasked with physically intimidating or confronting the opposition)


lāsteka

lāsteka (nominative singular)
lāstekas (nominative plural)
lāsteku (accusative singular)
lāstekas (accusative plural)
lāstekas (genitive singular)
lāsteku (genitive plural)
lāstekai (dative singular)
lāstekām (dative plural)
lāsteku (instrumental singular)
lāstekām (instrumental plural)
lāstekā (locative singular)
lāstekās (locative plural)
lāsteka (singular vocative)
lāstekas (plural vocative)


Lieldienas

Lieldienas (nominative plural)
Lieldienas (accusative plural)
Lieldienu (genitive plural)
Lieldienām (dative plural)
Lieldienām (instrumental plural)
Lieldienās (locative plural)
Lieldienas (plural vocative)


saulgrieži

saulgrieži (nominative plural)
saulgriežus (accusative plural)
saulgriežu (genitive plural)
saulgriežiem (dative plural)
saulgriežiem (instrumental plural)
saulgriežos (locative plural)
saulgrieži (plural vocative)