bole

bole (nominative singular)
boles (nominative plural)
boli (accusative singular)
boles (accusative plural)
boles (genitive singular)
boļu (genitive plural)
bolei (dative singular)
bolēm (dative plural)
boli (instrumental singular)
bolēm (instrumental plural)
bolē (locative singular)
bolēs (locative plural)
bole (singular vocative)
boles (plural vocative)

From English bowl, probably via German Bowle. Alternative historical forms: bols. First attested use to mean a bowl for making punch – 1880. First attested use to refer to the beverage itself – 1886.

zemeņu bole – strawberry punch

boles trauks – punch bowl

punch (drink made of wine, diluted with juices, syrups and fruit, often with added cognac or rhum)


ledus

ledus (nominative singular)
ledi (nominative plural)
ledu (accusative singular)
ledus (accusative plural)
ledus (genitive singular)
ledu (genitive plural)
ledum (dative singular)
lediem (dative plural)
ledu (instrumental singular)
lediem (instrumental plural)
ledū (locative singular)
ledos (locative plural)
ledus (singular vocative)
ledi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *ledús, from Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ- (“ice”), perhaps the same as *leydʰ- (“slippery, to slide”). Cognates include Lithuanian lẽdas, dialectal ledùs, Old Prussian ladis, Latgalian lads, Russian лёд (ljod), Old Church Slavonic ледъ (ledŭ), Czech led, Polish lód.

ledus kristāli

ledus slānis

plāns ledus

lauzt ledu

ledus kūst, lūst, krakšķ

auksts kā ledus

ledus skapis, ledusskapis

ledus balets


alus

alus (nominative singular)
alu (accusative singular)
alus (genitive singular)
alum (dative singular)
alu (instrumental singular)
alū (locative singular)
alus (singular vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *álu, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”). A minority view considers the Latvian and Lithuanian terms to be ultimately borrowings from Germanic, via Old Prussian. Cognates include Lithuanian alùs, Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”), Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”), Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”), Slovene ôl (“beer”)|ol, Old English ealu, alu, English ale, Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”).

cog

gaišais alus

tumšais alus

mājas alus

amatnieku alus

medalus

alus muca

alus kauss

alus darītava

brewery (literally, “beer making place”)

alus rūpniecība

darīt, vārīt alu

to make (literally, “to do”), to brew (literally, “to boil”) beer

Jāņiem tika brūvēts alus, un nu staigāja no mutes uz muti liela, zaļa māla krūze, putām pārsegta, rūgteni smaržīga dzēriena pilna

in midsummer beer was brewed, and then a big, green clay jug went from mouth to mouth, covered with foam and full of (that) bitter, aromatic drink

beer (alcoholic beverage usually made with barley malt and hops)


sniegavīrs

sniegavīrs (nominative singular)
sniegavīri (nominative plural)
sniegavīru (accusative singular)
sniegavīrus (accusative plural)
sniegavīra (genitive singular)
sniegavīru (genitive plural)
sniegavīram (dative singular)
sniegavīriem (dative plural)
sniegavīru (instrumental singular)
sniegavīriem (instrumental plural)
sniegavīrā (locative singular)
sniegavīros (locative plural)
sniegavīr (singular vocative)
sniegavīri (plural vocative)

From sniega (“snow gen.”) + vīrs (“man”).

Eiropā sniegavīru biežak veido trīsdaļīgu

in Europe snowmen are usually made with three parts

snowman (a human-like figure made of snow)


piens

piens (nominative singular)
pieni (nominative plural)
pienu (accusative singular)
pienus (accusative plural)
piena (genitive singular)
pienu (genitive plural)
pienam (dative singular)
pieniem (dative plural)
pienu (instrumental singular)
pieniem (instrumental plural)
pienā (locative singular)
pienos (locative plural)
pien (singular vocative)
pieni (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *pā́ˀinas, from Proto-Indo-European *peynos, *poyHnos, from the stem *peyh₂- (“to be fat”) (perhaps from earlier “to swell”). The meaning evolved from “fat, swollen” to “(breasts) full of milk” and finally “milk”. There was an old Proto-Baltic verb *pīti (“to give milk”), from which comes dialectal Lithuanian pýti (“to give milk”); the corresponding Latvian term disappeared, perhaps because of homophony with pīt (“to braid, to weave”). Cognates include Lithuanian píenas (“milk”), Sanskrit पयते (páyate, “to swell, to be too full”), पयस् (páyas, “fluid, water, milk, rain”), Avestan 𐬞𐬌𐬞𐬌𐬌𐬏𐬱𐬌- (pipiiūši-, “having milk in her breasts”), Persian پینو (pinu, “buttermilk”), Middle Persian pēm (“milk”), Latin opīmus (“fat, plump; fruitful”).

mātes piens, krūts piens

piena dziedzeri

govs, kazas, ķēves piens

piena ēdieni, produkti

piena kokteilis

piena saldējums

kafija ar pienu

pasterizēts piens

kondensēts piens

milk (nourishing liquid secreted by mammal females)


rasa

rasa (nominative singular)
rasu (accusative singular)
rasas (genitive singular)
rasai (dative singular)
rasu (instrumental singular)
rasā (locative singular)
rasa (singular vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rasā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁róseh₂. Cognates include Sanskrit रस (rása, “juice, liquid”), रसा (rásā, “moisture, humidity”), Latin rōs, Russian роса́ (rosá).

rīta rasa

rasas lāses

sasalusi rasa

samērcēt kājas rasā

dew (moisture in the air that settles on plants in the morning)

viegla rasas migla nokārās pār visu ciemu

a light drizzle lowered its mist over the whole village

pierē drīz jau iemetās pirmā sviedru rasa

on (his) forehead the first drops of sweat will soon appear


medus

medus (nominative singular)
medu (accusative singular)
medus (genitive singular)
medum (dative singular)
medu (instrumental singular)
medū (locative singular)
medus (singular vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *médu, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.

medus vārīšana


lietus

lietus (nominative singular)
lieti (nominative plural)
lietu (accusative singular)
lietus (accusative plural)
lietus (genitive singular)
lietu (genitive plural)
lietum (dative singular)
lietiem (dative plural)
lietu (instrumental singular)
lietiem (instrumental plural)
lietū (locative singular)
lietos (locative plural)
lietus (singular vocative)
lieti (plural vocative)

From the same stem as Latvian liet (“to pour”) and līt (“to flow, to stream, to rain”) (q.v.), made into a masculine third declension noun (with ending -us); from Proto-Balto-Slavic *l(e/o)ʔi-, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ley- (“to flow, pour, stream; to glide, slip, be slippery”). Cognates include Lithuanian lietùs (“rain”), lytùs, líeti (“to pour”), laĩvas (“ship”), and likely the names of Latvia and Lithuania. More distantly related are Old Church Slavonic лити (liti, “to pour”) (< Proto-Slavic *lìti), Albanian lisë (“I pour”), Proto-Germanic *līþu (“cider ~ liquor”), Proto-Celtic *liyeti (“to flow”), Ancient Greek ἄλεισον (áleison, “wine container”), and perhaps λάταξ (látax, “drop”), Old Irish laith (“liquid; ale, liquor”) (< Proto-Celtic *lati-), Latin litus (“shore, beach”), and various descendants of Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="lv">-us</i>

cog

pavasara lietus

garie rudens lietus

spēcīgs lietus

īslaicīgs lietus

lietus bungo pa jumtu

lietus līst

lietus līņā, smidzina

lietus ūdens

lietus lāses

lietus pil no jumta

the rain(water) is dripping from the roof

lietus mākoņi

lietus mētelis, lietusmētelis

caur pelēcīgo lietus plīvuru parādās kravas automobilis

through the grayish veil of rain a truck (lit. cargo automobile) appeared

viņi bija lietū ieecējuši auzas

they had began to harrow the oats in the rain (= while it was raining)


krāsa

krāsa (nominative singular)
krāsas (nominative plural)
krāsu (accusative singular)
krāsas (accusative plural)
krāsas (genitive singular)
krāsu (genitive plural)
krāsai (dative singular)
krāsām (dative plural)
krāsu (instrumental singular)
krāsām (instrumental plural)
krāsā (locative singular)
krāsās (locative plural)
krāsa (singular vocative)
krāsas (plural vocative)

13th-century, borrowed from Old East Slavic краса (krasa, “beauty, splendor”) (compare Russian краса́ (krasá)), which comes from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to burn, to glow”) (whence also Latvian karsts). Initially used in the Eastern regions, this word only penetrated further into the language in the 18th century, at first with the meaning “healthy, pretty facial color.” At the beginning of the 19th century, under the influence of Russian краска (kraska, “paint”), it acquired the sense “(natural) color of an object.”. In the second half of the 19th century, the meaning of krāsa was broadened, in order to replace the Germanism pērve, perve (“paint”) (still attested in dialects).

bor

auduma krāsa

ziedu krāsa

āda krāsa

bez krāsas (= bāls)

color (visible feature of a surface or object caused by reflected light)

tipogrāfijas krāsa

krāsu kārba

eļļas krāsa

emaljas krāsa

krāsu palete

akvareļa (= ūdens) krāsa

uzlikt, uzklāt krāsu

jaukt, atšķaidīt krāsas

notīrīt veco krāsu

paint, ink (substance applied to an object or surface to give it a certain color)


eļļa

eļļa (nominative singular)
eļļas (nominative plural)
eļļu (accusative singular)
eļļas (accusative plural)
eļļas (genitive singular)
eļļu (genitive plural)
eļļai (dative singular)
eļļām (dative plural)
eļļu (instrumental singular)
eļļām (instrumental plural)
eļļā (locative singular)
eļļās (locative plural)
eļļa (singular vocative)
eļļas (plural vocative)

oil (an oily liquid lighter than water and insoluble in it, obtained from certain plants or minerals)


sperma

sperma (nominative singular)
spermas (nominative plural)
spermu (accusative singular)
spermas (accusative plural)
spermas (genitive singular)
spermu (genitive plural)
spermai (dative singular)
spermām (dative plural)
spermu (instrumental singular)
spermām (instrumental plural)
spermā (locative singular)
spermās (locative plural)
sperma (singular vocative)
spermas (plural vocative)

From Latin sperma, from Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed, semen”).

der

sperm, semen (generative substance of male animals)


nafta

nafta (nominative singular)
naftas (nominative plural)
naftu (accusative singular)
naftas (accusative plural)
naftas (genitive singular)
naftu (genitive plural)
naftai (dative singular)
naftām (dative plural)
naftu (instrumental singular)
naftām (instrumental plural)
naftā (locative singular)
naftās (locative plural)
nafta (singular vocative)
naftas (plural vocative)

From Latin naphtha, from Ancient Greek νάφθα (náphtha).

petroleum, oil (naturally occurring liquid petroleum)


sarma

sarma (nominative singular)
sarmas (nominative plural)
sarmu (accusative singular)
sarmas (accusative plural)
sarmas (genitive singular)
sarmu (genitive plural)
sarmai (dative singular)
sarmām (dative plural)
sarmu (instrumental singular)
sarmām (instrumental plural)
sarmā (locative singular)
sarmās (locative plural)
sarma (singular vocative)
sarmas (plural vocative)

sarmas klāti koki

graudainā sarma

kristāliskā sarma

frost (thin ice crystals that form on plant leaves, twigs, or also on wires, cables, etc. when the air temperature is below the freezing point)


tinte

tinte (nominative singular)
tintes (nominative plural)
tinti (accusative singular)
tintes (accusative plural)
tintes (genitive singular)
tinšu (genitive plural)
tintei (dative singular)
tintēm (dative plural)
tinti (instrumental singular)
tintēm (instrumental plural)
tintē (locative singular)
tintēs (locative plural)
tinte (singular vocative)
tintes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Tinte, itself a borrowing from Latin tincta (aqua) (“colored water, liquid”). This word is first mentioned in the early 19th century. It replaced an earlier borrowing blaka, from Middle Low German blak, black (“black ink”). An attempt to introduce a neologism melne (from melns (“black”); compare Russian черни́ла (černíla, “ink”), from чёрный (čórnyj, “black”)) also failed.

gliemju tintes dziedzeri

(biology, anatomy) ink (dark liquid produced by certain animals or plants)


vīns

vīns (nominative singular)
vīni (nominative plural)
vīnu (accusative singular)
vīnus (accusative plural)
vīna (genitive singular)
vīnu (genitive plural)
vīnam (dative singular)
vīniem (dative plural)
vīnu (instrumental singular)
vīniem (instrumental plural)
vīnā (locative singular)
vīnos (locative plural)
vīn (singular vocative)
vīni (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German wīn, or from Old Norse vín or Middle Dutch wijn, wiin (cf. German Wein, Swedish vin, Dutch wijn, English wine), or maybe also from Old East Slavic вино (vino), Russian вино́ (vinó), itself a borrowing from Latin vīnum, which is a possible borrowing from an old Mediterranean or Black Sea language. In Latvian, this loanword is old: it is already mentioned in 16th-century writings and 17th-century dictionaries; there is also an apparently related 16th-century family name Vīndedzis.

vīnogu, ķiršu vīns

sarkanais vīns, sarkanvīns

baltais vīns, baltvīns

sausais, saldais vīns

deserta vīns

dzirkstošais vīns

pudele vīna

vīna kauss

vīna glāze

vīna muca

Pie zivju ēdiniem ieteicami baltie galda vīni, pie gaļas - sarkanie sausie vīni, bet pie sakņu ēdieniem - pussaldie.

With fish dishes, white table wines are recommended; with meat - red dry wines, and with vegetable food - semisweet (wines).

wine (alcoholic drink made from berriess or fruit juices)


ūdens

lv-noun

ūdens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

ūdens (nominative singular)
ūdeņi (nominative plural)
ūdeni (accusative singular)
ūdeņus (accusative plural)
ūdens (genitive singular)
ūdeņu (genitive plural)
ūdenim (dative singular)
ūdeņiem (dative plural)
ūdeni (instrumental singular)
ūdeņiem (instrumental plural)
ūdenī (locative singular)
ūdeņos (locative plural)
ūdeni (singular vocative)
ūdeņi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *ūden- (or perhaps from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō), from the r/n-heteroclitic Proto-Indo-European noun *wódr̥, *wédōr, itself from a stem *wed- (“to moisten”). In Latvian, only the n-form of the stem survived in ūdens, but the r-form can be seen in the related term ūdrs (“otter”). The lack of initial v in Latvian also suggests that a specific dialectal term was generalized: v-initial forms can still be found in geographic names (e.g. the river Vadakste, the word vads in its dialectal senses: creek, swampy forest, etc., and place names derived from it, like Mēnešvads, Alkšņa vads, etc.). Cognates include Lithuanian vanduõ, dialectal unduõ, únduo, Old Prussian unds m, wundan n, Proto-Slavic *voda (Old Church Slavonic, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Russian вода́ (vodá), Czech voda, Polish woda), Old Church Slavonic вѣдро (vědro, “small vessel”), Russian ведро́ (vedró, “bucket”), Ukrainian відро́ (vidró), Czech vědro, Polish wiadro, Proto-Germanic *watōr (Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (watō), Old High German wazzar, German Wasser, English water, wet), Hittite wātar (< *wódr̥), Sanskrit उदन् (udán), Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr), Latin unda (“wave”) (from *udn- with metathesis).

cog

smagais ūdens

ūdens molekula

tīrs, skaidrs ūdens

dzeramais ūdens

duļķains ūdens

mīksts, ciets ūdens

vārīts, destilēts, gāzēts ūdens

jūras, upes, lietus ūdens

ūdens ceļš, ūdensceļš

saldūdens, sālsūdens

atmosfēras, augsnes ūdens

artēziskais ūdens

tējas, kafijas ūdens

tea, coffee water (i.e., boiled for tea, coffee)

svētais ūdens

ūdens saturs šķīdumā

ūdens lāse, strūkla

ūdens tvaiks

ūdens krājumi, resursi

ūdens apgāde

ūdens tek, plūst, pil

smelt, dzert, attīrīt ūdeni

ūdenī šķīstoša viela

mazgāties aukstā ūdenī

ūdens tilpe, ūdenstilpe

ūdens līmenis

virs, zem ūdens

ūdens nelaime

ūdens riņķojums dabā

water (transparent liquid substance formed by hydrogen and oxygen; H₂O)

virszemes, sauszemes ūdeņi

pazemes ūdeņi

groundwater, underground water (lit. waters)

ārstnieciskie ūdeņi

palu ūdeņi

termālie ūdeņi

(in the plural) waters (large amounts, large bodies of water)

zvejas ūdeņi

teritoriālie ūdeņi

iekšējie ūdeņi

starptautiskie ūdeņi

(in the plural) water (a body, bodies of water with a specific use, or belonging to a specific region or country)

ūdens terapija, diēta

ūdens dziednīca

ūdens apkure

ūdens turbīna

ūdens spainis, sūknis

ūdens pulkstenis

ūdens šķīdums

ūdens krāns

(genitive, used adjectivally) water, aquatic, aqua- (using, relating to water)

ūdens transports

ūdenssports

ūdensslēpes

ūdens polo

(genitive, used adjectivally) water, aquatic (relating to bodies of water)

ūdens augi, ūdensaugi

ūdens lilija, ūdens roze, ūdensroze

ūdens zāle, ūdenszāle

ūdens dzīvnieki, ūdensdzīvnieki

ūdens putni, ūdensputni

ūdens gliemji, kukaiņi

(genitive, used adjectivally) water, aquatic (which lives, is situated, in or near bodies of water, or in water-rich areas)

ūdens gabals

piece of water (= contentless, excessively long text)

tu slauc pareizu pienu, bet, mīļā māt, tavas meitas dzied dziesmas, kam ūdens klāt!

you milk good milk, but, dear mother, your daughters sing songs that are covered with water

(colloquial, of texts, words) watery, uninteresting, boring; empty, meaningless


pludmale

pludmale (nominative singular)
pludmales (nominative plural)
pludmali (accusative singular)
pludmales (accusative plural)
pludmales (genitive singular)
pludmaļu (genitive plural)
pludmalei (dative singular)
pludmalēm (dative plural)
pludmali (instrumental singular)
pludmalēm (instrumental plural)
pludmalē (locative singular)
pludmalēs (locative plural)
pludmale (singular vocative)
pludmales (plural vocative)

Apparently from plūst (“to flow (past stem plūd-)”) + male (“side?”), the latter being apparently a variant of mala (“side, shore”).

compound

to flow <small>(past stem plūd-</small>)

smilšaina pludmale

oļaina pludmale

saulaina pludmale

kūrorta labiekārtota pludmale

pludmales volejbols

nonākuši pludmalē, bērni redz okeānu

arriving at the beach, the children see the ocean

beach (seashore component, usually consisting of sand or pebbles, formed by the action of the waters)


sniegs

sniegs (nominative singular)
sniegi (nominative plural)
sniegu (accusative singular)
sniegus (accusative plural)
sniega (genitive singular)
sniegu (genitive plural)
sniegam (dative singular)
sniegiem (dative plural)
sniegu (instrumental singular)
sniegiem (instrumental plural)
sniegā (locative singular)
sniegos (locative plural)
snieg (singular vocative)
sniegi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *snáigas (> Latvian *snaigs, which, under the influence of forms of the verb snigt (“to snow”), became sniegs; compare Lithuanian snaĩgė (“snowflake”), still with the original ai), from Proto-Indo-European *snóygʷʰos.

sniegs snieg

sniega pārslas, kristāli

sniega ūdens, sniegūdens

sniega vīrs, sniegavīrs

sniega vētra

smalks, dziļš, irdens sniegs

slapjš, sauss, irdens sniegs

sniega kupena

sniegs sāk kust

sniega lāpsta

tīrīt sniegu no ceļa

balts kā sniegs

snow (frozen water that falls as precipitation)


asara

asara (nominative singular)
asaras (nominative plural)
asaru (accusative singular)
asaras (accusative plural)
asaras (genitive singular)
asaru (genitive plural)
asarai (dative singular)
asarām (dative plural)
asaru (instrumental singular)
asarām (instrumental plural)
asarā (locative singular)
asarās (locative plural)
asara (singular vocative)
asaras (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *ašar-, from Proto-Indo-European *aḱr(u). Cognates include Lithuanian ašara, Sanskrit अश्रु (aśru), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏 (asrū), Tocharian A ākär, perhaps also Hittite [Term?] (/išẖaẖru/), [Term?] (/ešẖaẖru/) (< [Term?] (/*išẖakru/)), if the initial iš is, as has been suggested, the reflex of an s-mobile; with an extra initial element *dr̥ḱ- (perhaps “bitter”), also Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), Latin lacrima (from older dacrima, dacruma), Proto-Germanic *tahrą (whence English tear).

asaru dziedzeri

asaru pilnas acis

prieka asaras acīs

asaras saskrēja viņai acīs

tears came (lit. ran) to her (in the) eyes

asaras plūst aumaļām

smieties līdz asarām

asaru gāze

asaru šķidrums satur brīnišķīgu vielu, kura spēj nonāvēt mikrobus

the lacrimal fluid contains a clear substance capable of killing germs

(chiefly in the plural) tears (clear, salty liquid produced by the eyes during crying)

lēni norit liela asara

(in the singular) teardrop (a single drop of said liquid)


kafija

kafija (nominative singular)
kafijas (nominative plural)
kafiju (accusative singular)
kafijas (accusative plural)
kafijas (genitive singular)
kafiju (genitive plural)
kafijai (dative singular)
kafijām (dative plural)
kafiju (instrumental singular)
kafijām (instrumental plural)
kafijā (locative singular)
kafijās (locative plural)
kafija (singular vocative)
kafijas (plural vocative)


tēja

tēja (nominative singular)
tējas (nominative plural)
tēju (accusative singular)
tējas (accusative plural)
tējas (genitive singular)
tēju (genitive plural)
tējai (dative singular)
tējām (dative plural)
tēju (instrumental singular)
tējām (instrumental plural)
tējā (locative singular)
tējās (locative plural)
tēja (singular vocative)
tējas (plural vocative)

From Hokkien (POJ: tê, Chinese: 茶), via Dutch thee. The Mandarin pronunciation of the same word — tša — gave rise to the word for “tea” in other European languages (compare Russian чай (čaj), Portuguese chá).

ievākt tēju

melnã, zaļā tēja

Indijas, Ķīnas tēja

tējas paciņa

tea leaves (leaves of the tea plant, especially processed and dried)

vārīt, dzert tēju

tēja ar citronu

tējas glāze, tase

karsta, smaržīga, stipra tēja

zāļu tēja

aveņu tēja

liet tēju glāzes

pielikt tējai cukuru

tea (infusion of tea leaves, or of the leaves of other, similar plants)

ielūgt uz tēju

tea, tea party (a gathering or party where tea is served)


asinis

asinis (nominative plural)
asinis (accusative plural)
asiņu (genitive plural)
asinīm (dative plural)
asinīm (instrumental plural)
asinīs (locative plural)
asinis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *as-n̥-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”), an old, n/r-alternating Indo-European stem; the e > a change is perhaps due to the word's original trisyllabic structure. Cognates include Hittite [Term?] (/eššar/) / [Term?] (/ešẖar/) (< *ašẖar), genitive [Term?] (/ešẖanant-/), Sanskrit असृज् (asṛj), Ancient Greek ἔαρ (éar), Latin aser, Tocharian A ysār, Tocharian B yasar.

arteriālās, venožas asinis

asins spiediens

asins grupa, asinsgrupa

asins analīze

gāzu apmaiņa asinīs

pārliet asinis

to transfuse blood, to do a blood transfusion

asinis plūst no ievainojuma

apturēt asinis

asinīm pieplūdušas acis

sarkans kā asinis

blood (red, opaque liquid that circulates inside the body)


apelsīnu sula

apelsīnu sula (nominative singular)
apelsīnu sulas (nominative plural)
apelsīnu sulu (accusative singular)
apelsīnu sulas (accusative plural)
apelsīnu sulas (genitive singular)
apelsīnu sulu (genitive plural)
apelsīnu sulai (dative singular)
apelsīnu sulām (dative plural)
apelsīnu sulu (instrumental singular)
apelsīnu sulām (instrumental plural)
apelsīnu sulā (locative singular)
apelsīnu sulās (locative plural)
apelsīnu sula (singular vocative)
apelsīnu sulas (plural vocative)

svaigi spiesta apelsīnu sula

kādu labumu mums dod apelsīnu sula?

orange juice (the juice of orange fruits, consumed as a drink)


sēkla

sēkla (nominative singular)
sēklas (nominative plural)
sēklu (accusative singular)
sēklas (accusative plural)
sēklas (genitive singular)
sēklu (genitive plural)
sēklai (dative singular)
sēklām (dative plural)
sēklu (instrumental singular)
sēklām (instrumental plural)
sēklā (locative singular)
sēklās (locative plural)
sēkla (singular vocative)
sēklas (plural vocative)

Common Baltic, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂éytlom (“lifetime, lifespan”). Compare to Lithuanian sėkla.


šķidrums

šķidrums (nominative singular)
šķidrumi (nominative plural)
šķidrumu (accusative singular)
šķidrumus (accusative plural)
šķidruma (genitive singular)
šķidrumu (genitive plural)
šķidrumam (dative singular)
šķidrumiem (dative plural)
šķidrumu (instrumental singular)
šķidrumiem (instrumental plural)
šķidrumā (locative singular)
šķidrumos (locative plural)
šķidrum (singular vocative)
šķidrumi (plural vocative)

(chemistry) liquid (state of matter), liquid substance, fluid


stiklveida ķermenis

stiklveida ķermenis (nominative singular)
stiklveida ķermeņi (nominative plural)
stiklveida ķermeni (accusative singular)
stiklveida ķermeņus (accusative plural)
stiklveida ķermeņa (genitive singular)
stiklveida ķermeņu (genitive plural)
stiklveida ķermenim (dative singular)
stiklveida ķermeņiem (dative plural)
stiklveida ķermeni (instrumental singular)
stiklveida ķermeņiem (instrumental plural)
stiklveida ķermenī (locative singular)
stiklveida ķermeņos (locative plural)
stiklveida ķermeni (singular vocative)
stiklveida ķermeņi (plural vocative)

vitreous humour, vitreous body (gelatinous substance inside the eye)


aizkuņģa dziedzera sula

lv-noun

aizkuņģa dziedzera sula f (4th declension)

aizkuņģa dziedzera sula (nominative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulas (nominative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulu (accusative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulas (accusative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulas (genitive singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulu (genitive plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulai (dative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulām (dative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulu (instrumental singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulām (instrumental plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulā (locative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulās (locative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sula (singular vocative)
aizkuņģa dziedzera sulas (plural vocative)

aizkuņģa dziedzera sula satur elektrolītus un sāļus

pancreatic juice contains electrolytes and salts

pancreatic juice (a substance produced by the pancreas)


ūdeņainais šķidrums

ūdeņainais šķidrums (nominative singular)
ūdeņainie šķidrumi (nominative plural)
ūdeņaino šķidrumu (accusative singular)
ūdeņainos šķidrumus (accusative plural)
ūdeņainā šķidruma (genitive singular)
ūdeņaino šķidrumu (genitive plural)
ūdeņainajam šķidrumam (dative singular)
ūdeņainajiem šķidrumiem (dative plural)
ūdeņaino šķidrumu (instrumental singular)
ūdeņainajiem šķidrumiem (instrumental plural)
ūdeņainajā šķidrumā (locative singular)
ūdeņainajos šķidrumos (locative plural)
ūdeņaino šķidrum (singular vocative)
ūdeņainais šķidrum (singular vocative)
ūdeņainie šķidrumi (plural vocative)

svarīgāka vide ir priekšējas kameras ūdeņainais šķidrums starp lēcu un radzeni

the most important environment (for the optics of the eye) is the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber, between the lens and the cornea

aqueous humour, the fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the iris in the eye


acs iekšējais šķidrums

acs iekšējais šķidrums m (1st declension)

acs iekšējais šķidrums (nominative singular)
acs iekšējie šķidrumi (nominative plural)
acs iekšējo šķidrumu (accusative singular)
acs iekšējos šķidrumus (accusative plural)
acs iekšējā šķidruma (genitive singular)
acs iekšējo šķidrumu (genitive plural)
acs iekšējam šķidrumam (dative singular)
acs iekšējiem šķidrumiem (dative plural)
acs iekšējo šķidrumu (instrumental singular)
acs iekšējiem šķidrumiem (instrumental plural)
acs iekšējā šķidrumā (locative singular)
acs iekšējos šķidrumos (locative plural)
acs iekšējo šķidrum (singular vocative)
acs iekšējais šķidrum (singular vocative)
acs iekšējie šķidrumi (plural vocative)

acī ir speciāla struktūra, kas rada acs iekšējo šķidrumu

in the eye there is a special structure which produces the intraocular fluid (= aqueous humor)

acs iekšējais šķidrums izvietojas acs priekšējā daļā

the intraocular fluid (= aqueous humor) is located in the front part of the eye


tūce

tūce (nominative singular)
tūces (nominative plural)
tūci (accusative singular)
tūces (accusative plural)
tūces (genitive singular)
tūču (genitive plural)
tūcei (dative singular)
tūcēm (dative plural)
tūci (instrumental singular)
tūcēm (instrumental plural)
tūcē (locative singular)
tūcēs (locative plural)
tūce (singular vocative)
tūces (plural vocative)


putenis

putenis (nominative singular)
puteņi (nominative plural)
puteni (accusative singular)
puteņus (accusative plural)
puteņa (genitive singular)
puteņu (genitive plural)
putenim (dative singular)
puteņiem (dative plural)
puteni (instrumental singular)
puteņiem (instrumental plural)
putenī (locative singular)
puteņos (locative plural)
puteni (singular vocative)
puteņi (plural vocative)


sniegputenis

sniegputenis (nominative singular)
sniegputeņi (nominative plural)
sniegputeni (accusative singular)
sniegputeņus (accusative plural)
sniegputeņa (genitive singular)
sniegputeņu (genitive plural)
sniegputenim (dative singular)
sniegputeņiem (dative plural)
sniegputeni (instrumental singular)
sniegputeņiem (instrumental plural)
sniegputenī (locative singular)
sniegputeņos (locative plural)
sniegputeni (singular vocative)
sniegputeņi (plural vocative)

From sniegs (“snow”) + putenis (“blizzard”).


sērsna

sērsna (nominative singular)
sērsnas (nominative plural)
sērsnu (accusative singular)
sērsnas (accusative plural)
sērsnas (genitive singular)
sērsnu (genitive plural)
sērsnai (dative singular)
sērsnām (dative plural)
sērsnu (instrumental singular)
sērsnām (instrumental plural)
sērsnā (locative singular)
sērsnās (locative plural)
sērsna (singular vocative)
sērsnas (plural vocative)

staigāt pa sērsnu


auss sērs

auss sērs (nominative singular)
auss sēru (accusative singular)
auss sēra (genitive singular)
auss sēram (dative singular)
auss sēru (instrumental singular)
auss sērā (locative singular)
auss sēr (singular vocative)

auss sēra korķis

ausu sērs ir biezas, dzeltenbrūnas substance, ko izstrādā t.s. sēra dziedzeri auss ejā

earwax is a thick, brownish-yellow substance produced by the so-called wax glands in the ear canal

earwax (waxy substance secreted by the ear)


sērs

sērs (nominative singular)
sēru (accusative singular)
sēra (genitive singular)
sēram (dative singular)
sēru (instrumental singular)
sērā (locative singular)
sēr (singular vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”), based either on sulfur's sharp taste, or on a development like “liquid” > “substance that flows easily” > “sulfur”. Cognates include Russian се́ра (séra), Latin serum (“whey”).
Some specialists believe, however, that sērs is a 13th-century borrowing from Old East Slavic (сѣр (sěr), сѣра (sěra)). At any rate, even if the word is not borrowed, its shape may have been influenced by Old East Slavic or Russian.

der

auss sērs

sēra korķis

ear cork (= a lump of earwax in the ear)


dzīvsudrabs

dzīvsudrabs (nominative singular)
dzīvsudrabu (accusative singular)
dzīvsudraba (genitive singular)
dzīvsudrabam (dative singular)
dzīvsudrabu (instrumental singular)
dzīvsudrabā (locative singular)
dzīvsudrab (singular vocative)

From dzīvs (“alive”) + sudrabs (“silver”), apparently a calque of German Quecksilber.

dzīvsudraba raktuves

dzīvsudraba termometrs, barometrs

dzīvsudraba spuldze

kustīgs kā dzīvsudrabs

chemical element
chemical element#English

mercury, quicksilver (liquid metallic chemical element, with atomic number 80.)


strauts

strauts (nominative singular)
strauti (nominative plural)
strautu (accusative singular)
strautus (accusative plural)
strauta (genitive singular)
strautu (genitive plural)
strautam (dative singular)
strautiem (dative plural)
strautu (instrumental singular)
strautiem (instrumental plural)
strautā (locative singular)
strautos (locative plural)
straut (singular vocative)
strauti (plural vocative)

From a 17th-century verb straut (“to flow, to float”) (later replaced by straust (“to flow quickly, to stream”)), from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow”), with an epenthetic t (whence also straujš (“quick, fast”)). Cognates include Lithuanian sraũtas (“stream, current, flow”) (dialectal straũtas), Sanskrit स्रोत (srótas-, “flow, river”); for the old verb straut, compare also Lithuanian iterative verb sravė́ti (“to flow slowly”), Sanskrit स्रवति (srávati, “to flow”), Ancient Greek ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow”).

cog

kalnu, meža strauts

sniegūdens strauts

strauts urdz, čalo

strauts burbuļo

strautu forele


minerālūdens

lv-noun

minerālūdens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

minerālūdens (nominative singular)
minerālūdeņi (nominative plural)
minerālūdeni (accusative singular)
minerālūdeņus (accusative plural)
minerālūdens (genitive singular)
minerālūdeņu (genitive plural)
minerālūdenim (dative singular)
minerālūdeņiem (dative plural)
minerālūdeni (instrumental singular)
minerālūdeņiem (instrumental plural)
minerālūdenī (locative singular)
minerālūdeņos (locative plural)
minerālūdeni (singular vocative)
minerālūdeņi (plural vocative)

From minerāls (“mineral”) + ūdens (“water”).

sārmaini minerālūdeņi

ārstnieciskie minerālūdeņi

sportisti bieži vien lieto daudz minerālūdens

athletes often use a lot of mineral water

mineral water (water with dissolved minerals)


lietains

head

lietains (definite lietainais, comparative lietaināks, superlative vislietainākais, adverb lietaini)

lietainais (definite)
lietaināks (comparative)
vislietainākais (superlative)
lietaini (adverb)
lietains (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lietaini (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lietaina (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lietainas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lietainu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lietainus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lietainu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lietainas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lietaina (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lietainu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lietainas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lietainu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lietainam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lietainiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lietainai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lietainām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lietainu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lietainiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lietainu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lietainām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lietainā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lietainos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lietainā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lietainās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

šodien būs lietains laiks

lietains rudens

lietaina diena

(weather) rainy (characterized by rainfall)


miklums

miklums (nominative singular)
miklumu (accusative singular)
mikluma (genitive singular)
miklumam (dative singular)
miklumu (instrumental singular)
miklumā (locative singular)
miklum (singular vocative)

Agnese sajuta viņa rokas vēso miklumu un riebumā nodrebēja

Agnese felt the cold dampness of his hands and trembled in disgust

šī ir lietaina vasara... vakaros miklums ielien telpās un turas cauru nakti

this is a rainy summer... during the night the humidity crawls into the rooms and lasts throughout the night

humidity, moisture, dampness (a certain amount of moisture (water, vapor) in some medium)

Kaspars pārvelk ar sauju pāri sejai; bārdas rugājos sakrājušies rasas pilieni, un viņa plaukstu apņem miklums, gluži kā asaras...

Kaspars wiped his face with his hand; on his beard stubble some dew drops had accumulated, and the moisture coated his hand, just like tears...

moisture, liquid (usually a small amount)


mitrums

mitrums (nominative singular)
mitrumu (accusative singular)
mitruma (genitive singular)
mitrumam (dative singular)
mitrumu (instrumental singular)
mitrumā (locative singular)
mitrum (singular vocative)

gaisa mitrums

augsnes mitrums

telpas mitrums

dabiskais mitrums

nekaitīgais mitrums

mitruma avots

mitruma mērītājs

absolūtais mitrums

relatīvais mitrums

relative humidity (% of saturation pressure)

zemes ražība ir atkarīga no mitruma pakāpes

land productivity is dependant on the degree of (soil) humidity

humidity (the amount of moisture (water or vapor) in some medium)

priekšnamā abi atģērbjas, purinādami no virsdrēbēm lietus mitrumu

in the hall, both people undressed, shaking from their (street) clothes the humidity, moisture of the rain

mani ceļi kļūst slapji; pie pleciem sāk nākt mitrums

my knees are becoming wet; on my shoulders some humidity, moisture, liquid begins to run

liquid, moisture (usually a small amount)


slapjums

slapjums (nominative singular)
slapjumi (nominative plural)
slapjumu (accusative singular)
slapjumus (accusative plural)
slapjuma (genitive singular)
slapjumu (genitive plural)
slapjumam (dative singular)
slapjumiem (dative plural)
slapjumu (instrumental singular)
slapjumiem (instrumental plural)
slapjumā (locative singular)
slapjumos (locative plural)
slapjum (singular vocative)
slapjumi (plural vocative)

malka slapjums

uz grīda ir slapjums

augsnes slapjums ražas sadārdzina, kaitē tām

the wetness of the soil increases the cost of harvest, it damages it

Bērzu gatve rudens slapjumā bija sajaukta dubļu dangās

the Birch alley in autumn wetness was mixed with mud in the ruts

wetness, moisture (a certain amount of liquid in a medium, or in a place)


valgme

valgme (nominative singular)
valgmi (accusative singular)
valgmes (genitive singular)
valgmei (dative singular)
valgmi (instrumental singular)
valgmē (locative singular)
valgme (singular vocative)

From valgs (“humid, moist, damp”) + -me.

pavasarīga valgme

zemei netrūka valgmes

stādiem bija par maz valgmes, tāpēc tie novīta

the plants had too little humidity, so they withered

pēc lietus gaisā jūtama valgme

after the rain, humidity can be felt in the air

brīvi un mierīgi viņš lika savus soļus mīkstajās liedaga smiltīs, katra viņa miesas pora elpoja zemes svaigumu un jūras valgmi

freely and peacefully he placed his feet (lit. steps) in the soft beach sand, (and) every pore of his body breathed the freshness of the earth and the humidity of the sea

humidity, moisture (especially when it is pleasant, refreshing, or when it causes fertility, fruitfulness)


valgums

valgums (nominative singular)
valgumu (accusative singular)
valguma (genitive singular)
valgumam (dative singular)
valgumu (instrumental singular)
valgumā (locative singular)
valgum (singular vocative)

From valgs (“humid, moist, damp”) + -ums.

sajust patīkamu valgumu

valgums acīs

lietus nelija; bet viss likās piemircis arī tāpat, sūna valguma pilna kā sūklis

it wasn't raining; but everything seemed wet all the same, the moss full of moisture, wetness like a sponge

pēc vakardienas pērkona lielceļš vairs neputēja, taču peļķu arī vairs nebija, jo zeme jau uzsūkusi visu valgumu

after yesterday the thunder highway was no longer blowing (= there was no more storm), but there were also no puddles, because the earth had absorbed all the humidity, liquid

humidity, moisture, dampness (a certain amount of liquid or moisture (water, vapor) in some medium)


grīva

grīva (nominative singular)
grīvas (nominative plural)
grīvu (accusative singular)
grīvas (accusative plural)
grīvas (genitive singular)
grīvu (genitive plural)
grīvai (dative singular)
grīvām (dative plural)
grīvu (instrumental singular)
grīvām (instrumental plural)
grīvā (locative singular)
grīvās (locative plural)
grīva (singular vocative)
grīvas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grī́ˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂.

padziļināt upes grīvu

pie Daugavas grīvas bija pārāk daudz zvejnieku

at the mouth of the Daugava there were too many fishermen

estuary, mouth (the place at which a river reaches the sea)


slaukt

slaukt (transitive, 1st conjugation, present slaucu, slauc, slauc, past slaucu)

conjugation (first-person)
slaucu (present)
slauc (present)
slaucu (past)
slaucu (first-person indicative present singular)
slaucu (first-person indicative past singular)
slaukšu (first-person future indicative singular)
slauc (indicative present second-person singular)
slauci (indicative past second-person singular)
slauksi (future indicative second-person singular)
slauc (imperative second-person singular)
slauc (indicative present singular third-person)
slauca (indicative past singular third-person)
slauks (future indicative singular third-person)
lai slauc (imperative singular third-person)
slaucam (first-person indicative plural present)
slaucām (first-person indicative past plural)
slauksim (first-person future indicative plural)
slauksim (first-person imperative plural)
slaucat (indicative plural present second-person)
slaucāt (indicative past plural second-person)
slauksiet (future indicative plural second-person)
slauksit (future indicative plural second-person)
slauciet (imperative plural second-person)
slauc (indicative plural present third-person)
slauca (indicative past plural third-person)
slauks (future indicative plural third-person)
lai slauc (imperative plural third-person)
slaucot (present renarrative)
slaucošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot slaucis (past renarrative)
slaukdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
slaukšot (future renarrative)
slaucot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai slaucot (imperative)
slaucam (active participle participle-4 present)
slaucis (active participle past)
slauktu (conditional present)
slaucams (participle passive present)
būtu slaucis (conditional past)
slaukts (participle passive past)
jāslauc (debitive indicative)
būt jāslauc (debitive indicative)
slaukt (infinitive)
esot jāslauc (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
neslaukt (infinitive negative)
jāslaucot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
slaukšana (noun-from-verb)

From the same stem as šļūkt (“to slide; to drag one's feet”), in a different ablaut grade: Proto-Baltic *slyauk-, *slauk-, from Proto-Indo-European *slewk-, *slowk- (“to slide”). (Some researchers derived it from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- ~ *ḱlōw- ~ *ḱlū- "to clean, to rinse.") The original meaning was “to slide, to drag, to wipe,” initially used to refer to the motion of the hands while milking. Cognates include Lithuanian sliaũkti (“to crawl; to slide; to cast off, to make slide; to wipe; to flow slowly”)

cog

slaukt govis, kazas

slaukt govis trīs reizes dienā

slaukt ar rokām

slaukt ar elektrisko slaukšanas aparātu

to milk with an electric milking machine

māte kūtī ar novēlošanos slauca govis, lai tad, kad no meža atnāks Kārlis, piens vēl būtu silts

mother late in the barn was milking the cows, so that, when Kārlis comes back from the forest, the milk would still be warm

“jāiet slaukt, varbūt naksi līdzi?...”, māte aicina, vilkdama kūts halātu un lūkodama piena traukus

“it's time to milk, maybe you'll come along?...” mother invited, putting on her barn clothes and looking at the milk containers

ārā vēl bija gaišs, kad Kažmuru Lonija iegāja kūti slaukt vakara pienu

there was still light when Lonija Kažmuri went into the barn to milk the night milk

to milk (to press milk out of a cow's udders)


lietavas

lietavas (nominative plural)
lietavas (accusative plural)
lietavu (genitive plural)
lietavām (dative plural)
lietavām (instrumental plural)
lietavās (locative plural)
lietavas (plural vocative)

lietavu laiks

rudens lietavas

apmēram 200 tūkstoši meksikāņu spiesti pamest savus mājokļus, lai glābtos no plūdiem... tos izraisījušas lietavas, kas ilga visu pagājušo nedēļu

about 200 thousand Mexicans were forced to flee their homes to save themselves from the flood... caused by incessant rains that had lasted the whole preceding week

rains, long, incessant rain; rainy period,


punšs

punšs (nominative singular)
punši (nominative plural)
punšu (accusative singular)
punšus (accusative plural)
punša (genitive singular)
punšu (genitive plural)
punšam (dative singular)
punšiem (dative plural)
punšu (instrumental singular)
punšiem (instrumental plural)
punšā (locative singular)
punšos (locative plural)
punš (singular vocative)
punši (plural vocative)

From English punch, probably via German Punsch. Alternative historical forms: punšis, punčis. First attested use – 1803. In English from Hindi पाँच (pā̃c, “five”) denoting five ingredients the drink is supposedly made of, ultimately cognate with Latvian pieci among others.

no rīsa dedzina, it kā no rudziem mūsu brandvīnu, arīdzan to Arrak, ar ko Punč taisa

from rice [they are] burning (= distilling), like (we do) from rye our Branntwein (= vodka), also this arrack with which punch is made.

(...) tad nu lasa grāmatas, dzer punšus, smēķē (..)

then (one ends up) reading books, drinking punches, smoking (...)


jūrmala

jūrmala (nominative singular)
jūrmalu (accusative singular)
jūrmalas (genitive singular)
jūrmalai (dative singular)
jūrmalu (instrumental singular)
jūrmalā (locative singular)
jūrmala (singular vocative)

Latvian: Jūrmala

Norwegian Bokmål: Jūrmala

From jūra (“sea”) + mala (“edge, border”).

jūrmalas smiltis

jūrmalas kāpas

jūrmalas priedes

tāda bija jūrmala šai ciemā: šaura krasta strēle, uz tās vesels klājums sīku akmentiņu

such was the seashore in that village: a narrow coastal strip, on it a whole layer of small pebbles

seaside, seashore, seacoast (coastal land bordering a sea or ocean)


argāneļļa

argāneļļa (nominative singular)
argāneļļas (nominative plural)
argāneļļu (accusative singular)
argāneļļas (accusative plural)
argāneļļas (genitive singular)
argāneļļu (genitive plural)
argāneļļai (dative singular)
argāneļļām (dative plural)
argāneļļu (instrumental singular)
argāneļļām (instrumental plural)
argāneļļā (locative singular)
argāneļļās (locative plural)
argāneļļa (singular vocative)
argāneļļas (plural vocative)

From argāna (“argan[gen.]”) + eļļa (“oil”).

argāneļļa ir plaši izplatīta vietējā Marokas virtuvē un ar to tiek aizvietota olīveļļa

argan oil is quite widespread in the local Moroccan cuisine and is often used as a replacement for olive oil

berberi izsenis ir uzskatījuši, ka argānļļai ir ārstnieciskas spējas

the Berbers have long believed that argan oil has medicinal properties

Argania spinosa
Wikispecies:Argania spinosa

argan oil (oil produced from the kernels of the Moroccan argan tree (Argania spinosa), used as food and in personal care products)


krasts

krasts (nominative singular)
krasti (nominative plural)
krastu (accusative singular)
krastus (accusative plural)
krasta (genitive singular)
krastu (genitive plural)
krastam (dative singular)
krastiem (dative plural)
krastu (instrumental singular)
krastiem (instrumental plural)
krastā (locative singular)
krastos (locative plural)
krast (singular vocative)
krasti (plural vocative)

Cognate with Lithuanian krãštas; see there for more.


apinis

apinis (nominative singular)
apiņi (nominative plural)
apini (accusative singular)
apiņus (accusative plural)
apiņa (genitive singular)
apiņu (genitive plural)
apinim (dative singular)
apiņiem (dative plural)
apini (instrumental singular)
apiņiem (instrumental plural)
apinī (locative singular)
apiņos (locative plural)
apini (singular vocative)
apiņi (plural vocative)

From the same source as the verb vīt (“to wind, to wreathe”) (q.v.), with an extra prefix ap- and suffix -ni̯o, leading to *apvīnis > apīnis, apinis (the disappearance of v after p is sporadically attested elsewhere; cf. apaļš < *apval-); the original meaning was probably “woven one.” The variant with a short i probably resulted from the influence of words containing the suffix -enis, -inis (e.g., putenis, dialectal putinis). Cognates include Lithuanian apynỹs, dialectal apvynỹs.

meža, dārza apiņi

apiņu stīgas

šķīt apiņus

pielikt alum apiņus

apiņi alus darīšanai

Ļoti labi dzīvžogam vai ēkas fasādes apzaļošanai var izmantot parastos apiņus

it is quite possible to use common hops to make hedges or building façades

Humulus lupulus
Humulus lupulus#Translingual

(chiefly plural) hops (plant, esp. Humulus lupulus, with cones used in the beer industry and in medicine; the cones of this plant)


līcis

līcis (nominative singular)
līči (nominative plural)
līci (accusative singular)
līčus (accusative plural)
līča (genitive singular)
līču (genitive plural)
līcim (dative singular)
līčiem (dative plural)
līci (instrumental singular)
līčiem (instrumental plural)
līcī (locative singular)
līčos (locative plural)
līci (singular vocative)
līči (plural vocative)


purvājs

purvājs (nominative singular)
purvāji (nominative plural)
purvāju (accusative singular)
purvājus (accusative plural)
purvāja (genitive singular)
purvāju (genitive plural)
purvājam (dative singular)
purvājiem (dative plural)
purvāju (instrumental singular)
purvājiem (instrumental plural)
purvājā (locative singular)
purvājos (locative plural)
purvāj (singular vocative)
purvāji (plural vocative)

purvājā pameža nav

there is no undergrowth in peat pine forests

a type of pine forest that grows on wet peat soil


purvs

purvs (nominative singular)
purvi (nominative plural)
purvu (accusative singular)
purvus (accusative plural)
purva (genitive singular)
purvu (genitive plural)
purvam (dative singular)
purviem (dative plural)
purvu (instrumental singular)
purviem (instrumental plural)
purvā (locative singular)
purvos (locative plural)
purv (singular vocative)
purvi (plural vocative)

The origin of this word is unclear. Some compare it to Lower Sorbian para (“filth, dung”), Polabian poro (“filth, dung; swamp, bog”) (assuming that o < *uo < *ō), from a stem *pōr- to which an extra v or vo was added. Others relate purvs to Ancient Greek πυρρός (purrhós, “red, pink, brownish red”), Sanskrit पुरीषम् (púrīṣam, “filth, dung”), परुष (paruṣa, “spotted, speckled”), pointing out that it often happens in Indo-European languages that "swamp" and "red" are related terms (e.g., from Proto-Slavic *ruda (“red”), Polish ruda (“ore, peat, swamp”), Ukrainian руда́ (rudá, “ore, swamp”)), probably because of the reddish-brown color of swamp waters. Cognates include Lithuanian pur̃vas (“filth, dirt”), Sudovian puro (“swamp”).

kūdras, sūnu purvs

staigns purvs

nosusināt purvu

purva augsne

purva dūņas

purva kūdra

purva arkls

purva gáze

purva drudzis

purva bērzs

purva varde

brist pa purvu

lasīt purvā dzērvenes

naktī pār purvu skrēja purva sloka... atvērtu knābi tā šāvās no vienas malas uz otru, rijot knišļus

at night the swamp woodcock runs all over the swamp... it swings its open beak from side to side, swallowing small flies

swamp, bog, marsh, morass (low wetland with a layer of accumulated peat)


ūdenstornis

ūdenstornis (nominative singular)
ūdenstorņi (nominative plural)
ūdenstorni (accusative singular)
ūdenstorņus (accusative plural)
ūdenstorņa (genitive singular)
ūdenstorņu (genitive plural)
ūdenstornim (dative singular)
ūdenstorņiem (dative plural)
ūdenstorni (instrumental singular)
ūdenstorņiem (instrumental plural)
ūdenstornī (locative singular)
ūdenstorņos (locative plural)
ūdenstorni (singular vocative)
ūdenstorņi (plural vocative)


spļāviens

spļāviens (nominative singular)
spļāvieni (nominative plural)
spļāvienu (accusative singular)
spļāvienus (accusative plural)
spļāviena (genitive singular)
spļāvienu (genitive plural)
spļāvienam (dative singular)
spļāvieniem (dative plural)
spļāvienu (instrumental singular)
spļāvieniem (instrumental plural)
spļāvienā (locative singular)
spļāvienos (locative plural)
spļāvien (singular vocative)
spļāvieni (plural vocative)

From spļaut (past stem: spļāv-) + -iens.

suffix

spļaut <small>(past stem: spļāv-)</small>

spit (the saliva thrown out of one's mouth)


siekalas

siekalas (nominative plural)
siekalas (accusative plural)
siekalu (genitive plural)
siekalām (dative plural)
siekalām (instrumental plural)
siekalās (locative plural)
siekalas (plural vocative)

From the same stem as slieka (“earthworm”) (q.v.), with dissimilation (*sliekalas > siekalas); note dialectal forms like sliekas (“saliva”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sley- (“slimy, slippery, glide”).
The synonymous word slienas comes also from the same stem, but with an extra n instead of an extra k.

der

siekalu dziedzeri

siekalu pilieni

siekalas saskrien mutē

izspļaut siekalas

siekalas tek

saliva is flowing (= one wants something very much)

siekalas samitrina sauso uzturu un noskalo no mutes gļotādas kaitīgās un liekās vielas

saliva moistens the dry food and washes away harmful substances from the mouth surface

(usually in the plural) saliva (secretions of the glands in the mouth)


dzēriens

dzēriens (nominative singular)
dzērieni (nominative plural)
dzērienu (accusative singular)
dzērienus (accusative plural)
dzēriena (genitive singular)
dzērienu (genitive plural)
dzērienam (dative singular)
dzērieniem (dative plural)
dzērienu (instrumental singular)
dzērieniem (instrumental plural)
dzērienā (locative singular)
dzērienos (locative plural)
dzērien (singular vocative)
dzērieni (plural vocative)

From dzert (past stem: dzēr-) (“to drink”) + -iens.

suffix

ābolu dzēriens

raudzēta peina dzēriens

atspirdzinošs, dzirkstošs dzēriens

alkoholisks, bezalkoholisks dzēriens

reibinošs dzēriens

gatavot dzērienu no sulām

es dzeru siltu dzērienu: kafuju, kakao, tēju vai arī pienu

I drink a hot drink: coffee, chocolate, tea or also milk

dzērienu un vircoto ēdienu aromāts padarīja gaisu smagu

the aroma of drink and spicy food made the air heavy

drink, beverage (a liquid made for consumption by living beings)


staignums

staignums (nominative singular)
staignumi (nominative plural)
staignumu (accusative singular)
staignumus (accusative plural)
staignuma (genitive singular)
staignumu (genitive plural)
staignumam (dative singular)
staignumiem (dative plural)
staignumu (instrumental singular)
staignumiem (instrumental plural)
staignumā (locative singular)
staignumos (locative plural)
staignum (singular vocative)
staignumi (plural vocative)

From staigns (“swampy, boggy, marshy, miry”) + -ums.

purva staignums

swampiness, marshiness, bogginess, miriness (the quality or state of that which is swampy, marshy, boggy, miry)


staignājs

staignājs (nominative singular)
staignāji (nominative plural)
staignāju (accusative singular)
staignājus (accusative plural)
staignāja (genitive singular)
staignāju (genitive plural)
staignājam (dative singular)
staignājiem (dative plural)
staignāju (instrumental singular)
staignājiem (instrumental plural)
staignājā (locative singular)
staignājos (locative plural)
staignāj (singular vocative)
staignāji (plural vocative)

From staigns (“swampy, boggy, marshy, miry”) + -ājs.

iestigt staignājā

tagad skriet bija vieglāk, jo kājas vairs negrima purva staignājā, bet soļus varēja spert uz cietas, mīkstu sūnu apaugušas zemes

now it was easier to run, because (his) legs were not sinking in the swampy place, but was able to step on firm, soft moss-covered land


muklājs

muklājs (nominative singular)
muklāji (nominative plural)
muklāju (accusative singular)
muklājus (accusative plural)
muklāja (genitive singular)
muklāju (genitive plural)
muklājam (dative singular)
muklājiem (dative plural)
muklāju (instrumental singular)
muklājiem (instrumental plural)
muklājā (locative singular)
muklājos (locative plural)
muklāj (singular vocative)
muklāji (plural vocative)

From mukls (“swampy, boggy, marshy, miry”) + -ājs.

muklāju purvs

neizbrienams muklājs

grimt muklājā

kājas brīžiem sagrima muklājā, kas rāva nost zābakus

his feet sank for a moment in the bog/mud, which managed to take off his boots


lāma

lāma (nominative singular)
lāmas (nominative plural)
lāmu (accusative singular)
lāmas (accusative plural)
lāmas (genitive singular)
lāmu (genitive plural)
lāmai (dative singular)
lāmām (dative plural)
lāmu (instrumental singular)
lāmām (instrumental plural)
lāmā (locative singular)
lāmās (locative plural)
lāma (singular vocative)
lāmas (plural vocative)


menisks

menisks (nominative singular)
meniski (nominative plural)
menisku (accusative singular)
meniskus (accusative plural)
meniska (genitive singular)
menisku (genitive plural)
meniskam (dative singular)
meniskiem (dative plural)
menisku (instrumental singular)
meniskiem (instrumental plural)
meniskā (locative singular)
meniskos (locative plural)
menisk (singular vocative)
meniski (plural vocative)

meniscus (the curved surface of liquids)


šņabis

šņabis (nominative singular)
šņabji (nominative plural)
šņabi (accusative singular)
šņabjus (accusative plural)
šņabja (genitive singular)
šņabju (genitive plural)
šņabim (dative singular)
šņabjiem (dative plural)
šņabi (instrumental singular)
šņabjiem (instrumental plural)
šņabī (locative singular)
šņabjos (locative plural)
šņabi (singular vocative)
šņabji (plural vocative)

zāļu šņabis

plūmju šņabis

šņabja kokteiļi

spirit (distilled beverage), liquor (especially vodka or schnapps)


kokteilis

kokteilis (nominative singular)
kokteiļi (nominative plural)
kokteili (accusative singular)
kokteiļus (accusative plural)
kokteiļa (genitive singular)
kokteiļu (genitive plural)
kokteilim (dative singular)
kokteiļiem (dative plural)
kokteili (instrumental singular)
kokteiļiem (instrumental plural)
kokteilī (locative singular)
kokteiļos (locative plural)
kokteili (singular vocative)
kokteiļi (plural vocative)

zāļu kokteilis


degvīns

degvīns (nominative singular)
degvīni (nominative plural)
degvīnu (accusative singular)
degvīnus (accusative plural)
degvīna (genitive singular)
degvīnu (genitive plural)
degvīnam (dative singular)
degvīniem (dative plural)
degvīnu (instrumental singular)
degvīniem (instrumental plural)
degvīnā (locative singular)
degvīnos (locative plural)
degvīn (singular vocative)
degvīni (plural vocative)

From the deg- stem of degt (“to burn”, verb) + vīns (“wine”).


alus darītava

alus darītava (nominative singular)
alus darītavas (nominative plural)
alus darītavu (accusative singular)
alus darītavas (accusative plural)
alus darītavas (genitive singular)
alus darītavu (genitive plural)
alus darītavai (dative singular)
alus darītavām (dative plural)
alus darītavu (instrumental singular)
alus darītavām (instrumental plural)
alus darītavā (locative singular)
alus darītavās (locative plural)
alus darītava (singular vocative)
alus darītavas (plural vocative)

From alus (“beer”) (in genitive case) + darīt (“to make”) + -ava (noun-forming suffix).


ledājs

ledājs (nominative singular)
ledāji (nominative plural)
ledāju (accusative singular)
ledājus (accusative plural)
ledāja (genitive singular)
ledāju (genitive plural)
ledājam (dative singular)
ledājiem (dative plural)
ledāju (instrumental singular)
ledājiem (instrumental plural)
ledājā (locative singular)
ledājos (locative plural)
ledājs (singular vocative)
ledāji (plural vocative)


lāsteka

lāsteka (nominative singular)
lāstekas (nominative plural)
lāsteku (accusative singular)
lāstekas (accusative plural)
lāstekas (genitive singular)
lāsteku (genitive plural)
lāstekai (dative singular)
lāstekām (dative plural)
lāsteku (instrumental singular)
lāstekām (instrumental plural)
lāstekā (locative singular)
lāstekās (locative plural)
lāsteka (singular vocative)
lāstekas (plural vocative)


viskijs

viskijs (nominative singular)
viskiji (nominative plural)
viskiju (accusative singular)
viskijus (accusative plural)
viskija (genitive singular)
viskiju (genitive plural)
viskijam (dative singular)
viskijiem (dative plural)
viskiju (instrumental singular)
viskijiem (instrumental plural)
viskijā (locative singular)
viskijos (locative plural)
viskij (singular vocative)
viskiji (plural vocative)


liķieris

liķieris (nominative singular)
liķieri (nominative plural)
liķieri (accusative singular)
liķierus (accusative plural)
liķiera (genitive singular)
liķieru (genitive plural)
liķierim (dative singular)
liķieriem (dative plural)
liķieri (instrumental singular)
liķieriem (instrumental plural)
liķierī (locative singular)
liķieros (locative plural)
liķieri (singular vocative)
liķieri (plural vocative)


šampanietis

šampanietis (nominative singular)
šampanieši (nominative plural)
šampanieti (accusative singular)
šampaniešus (accusative plural)
šampanieša (genitive singular)
šampaniešu (genitive plural)
šampanietim (dative singular)
šampaniešiem (dative plural)
šampanieti (instrumental singular)
šampaniešiem (instrumental plural)
šampanietī (locative singular)
šampaniešos (locative plural)
šampanieti (singular vocative)
šampanieši (plural vocative)


baltvīns

baltvīns (nominative singular)
baltvīni (nominative plural)
baltvīnu (accusative singular)
baltvīnus (accusative plural)
baltvīna (genitive singular)
baltvīnu (genitive plural)
baltvīnam (dative singular)
baltvīniem (dative plural)
baltvīnu (instrumental singular)
baltvīniem (instrumental plural)
baltvīnā (locative singular)
baltvīnos (locative plural)
baltvīn (singular vocative)
baltvīni (plural vocative)


aisbergs

aisbergs (nominative singular)
aisbergi (nominative plural)
aisbergu (accusative singular)
aisbergus (accusative plural)
aisberga (genitive singular)
aisbergu (genitive plural)
aisbergam (dative singular)
aisbergiem (dative plural)
aisbergu (instrumental singular)
aisbergiem (instrumental plural)
aisbergā (locative singular)
aisbergos (locative plural)
aisberg (singular vocative)
aisbergi (plural vocative)

Kuģis ietriecās aisbergā.


leduskalns

leduskalns (nominative singular)
leduskalni (nominative plural)
leduskalnu (accusative singular)
leduskalnus (accusative plural)
leduskalna (genitive singular)
leduskalnu (genitive plural)
leduskalnam (dative singular)
leduskalniem (dative plural)
leduskalnu (instrumental singular)
leduskalniem (instrumental plural)
leduskalnā (locative singular)
leduskalnos (locative plural)
leduskaln (singular vocative)
leduskalni (plural vocative)


sarkanvīns

sarkanvīns (nominative singular)
sarkanvīni (nominative plural)
sarkanvīnu (accusative singular)
sarkanvīnus (accusative plural)
sarkanvīna (genitive singular)
sarkanvīnu (genitive plural)
sarkanvīnam (dative singular)
sarkanvīniem (dative plural)
sarkanvīnu (instrumental singular)
sarkanvīniem (instrumental plural)
sarkanvīnā (locative singular)
sarkanvīnos (locative plural)
sarkanvīn (singular vocative)
sarkanvīni (plural vocative)


saldūdens

saldūdens (nominative singular)
saldūdeņi (nominative plural)
saldūdeni (accusative singular)
saldūdeņus (accusative plural)
saldūdens (genitive singular)
saldūdeņu (genitive plural)
saldūdenim (dative singular)
saldūdeņiem (dative plural)
saldūdeni (instrumental singular)
saldūdeņiem (instrumental plural)
saldūdenī (locative singular)
saldūdeņos (locative plural)
saldūdeni (singular vocative)
saldūdeņi (plural vocative)


sālsūdens

sālsūdens (nominative singular)
sālsūdeņi (nominative plural)
sālsūdeni (accusative singular)
sālsūdeņus (accusative plural)
sālsūdens (genitive singular)
sālsūdeņu (genitive plural)
sālsūdenim (dative singular)
sālsūdeņiem (dative plural)
sālsūdeni (instrumental singular)
sālsūdeņiem (instrumental plural)
sālsūdenī (locative singular)
sālsūdeņos (locative plural)
sālsūdeni (singular vocative)
sālsūdeņi (plural vocative)