spuldze

spuldze (nominative singular)
spuldzes (nominative plural)
spuldzes (genitive singular)
spuldžu (genitive plural)
spuldzei (dative singular)
spuldzēm (dative plural)
spuldzi (accusative singular)
spuldzes (accusative plural)
spuldzi (instrumental singular)
spuldzēm (instrumental plural)
spuldzē (locative singular)
spuldzēs (locative plural)
spuldze (singular vocative)
spuldzes (plural vocative)

Coined in the 1930s, from the same stem as spulgs (“bright”) (q.v.; made into a feminine 5th-declension stem with the ending -e): Proto-Baltic *spelg-, *spilg-, *spulg-, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *spel-, *spʰel- (“to shine”) with an extra g.

elektriskā spuldze

neona spuldze

sešdesmit vatu spuldze

dienasgaismas spuldze

dzīvsudraba spuldze

spuldze deg spoži

spuldzes spilgtums

Meitene pastiepa roku un iededza spuldzi

the girl stretched her arm and turned on the light

Helga apsēdās un iededza galda lampu... spuldze bija vāja, abažūrs slāpēja gaismu

Helga sat down and turned on the table lamp on... the bulb was weak, the lampshade stifled the light

light bulb, lamp (artificial light source based on the heating of a filament, or also of gas, vapors, inside a glass container)


spulgs

head

spulgs (definite spulgais, comparative spulgāks, superlative visspulgākais, adverb spulgi)

spulgais (definite)
spulgāks (comparative)
visspulgākais (superlative)
spulgi (adverb)
spulgs (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
spulgi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
spulga (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
spulgas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
spulga (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
spulgu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
spulgas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
spulgu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
spulgam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
spulgiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
spulgai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
spulgām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
spulgu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
spulgus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
spulgu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
spulgas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
spulgu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
spulgiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
spulgu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
spulgām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
spulgā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
spulgos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
spulgā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
spulgās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From earlier *spulgts, the past participle of an old (still dialectally attested) verb spulgt (“to shine”), from Proto-Baltic *spelg-, *spilg-, *spulg- (whence also spilgts), from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *spel-, *spʰel- (“to shine”) with an extra g. Cognates include Sanskrit स्फुलिङ्ग (sphuliṅga, “spark”) (< *spʰ(e)li-).

spulgas zvaigznes

spulga uguns

spulgs rīts

spulga un kvēla saule kaist debesīs

atausa spulgā rīta gaisma un daba modās dzīvei

the bright morning light dawned and nature woke up to life

(of light, light sources) bright, clear, shining (which emits clear, crisp light)

spulgs ezers

spulgs diamants

kūtī stāvēja brūns teliņš un spulgām acīm skatījās no telpas pustumsas

in the barn a little brown calf stood and looked with bright eyes from the semi-darkness of the room

pagriezusi galvu uz durvju pusi, viņa paskatījās manī spulgu, priecīgu skatienu

turning (her) head towards the door, she looked at me with a bright, happy look

iestājās klusums, kurā Ausmas plaksti bija nolaisti, un tādēļ Kārlis neredzēja spulgo mirdzumu viņas acīs

there was a silence during which Ausma's eyelids were lowerd, and so Kārlis did not see the bright glow in her eyes

(of other objects) bright, clear, shining (which reflects clear, crisp light)


spilgts

spilgts (definite spilgtais, comparative spilgtāks, superlative visspilgtākais, adverb spilgti)

spilgtais (definite)
spilgtāks (comparative)
visspilgtākais (superlative)
spilgti (adverb)
spilgts (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
spilgti (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
spilgta (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
spilgtas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
spilgta (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
spilgtu (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
spilgtas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
spilgtu (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
spilgtam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
spilgtiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
spilgtai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
spilgtām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
spilgtu (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
spilgtus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
spilgtu (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
spilgtas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
spilgtu (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
spilgtiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
spilgtu (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
spilgtām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
spilgtā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
spilgtos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
spilgtā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
spilgtās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

Originally the past participle of an old (still dialectally attested) verb spilgt (“to shine”), from Proto-Baltic *spelg-, *spilg-, *spulg- (whence also spulgs), from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *spel-, *spʰel- (“to shine”) with an extra g. Cognates include Low German flink (“bright, shining; fast”) (cf. German flink (“quick, nimble”)).

cog

spilgta gaisma

spilgta uguns, liesma

spilgts zibens

spilgta saule

lielās dzīvsudraba spuldzes ir tik spilgtas, ka kož acīs

the big mercury lamps are so bright that they hurt (lit. bite in) the eyes

(of light, light sources) bright (very strong; which emits strong light)

spilgts audums

puisis apstājas pie apaļās cīniju dobes un vēro spilgtos ziedus

the young man stopped by the round zinnia beds and watched the bright, shiny flowers

varde tupēja man uz plaukstas: mikla, vēsa un tik neparasti spilgta, it kā glumo ādu būtu apgleznojusi ekspresionista ota

the frog sat on the palm of my hand: soft, cool and unusually bright, shiny, as if its smooth, slippery skin had been painted with an expressionist brush

(of other objects) bright, shiny (which reflects light strongly)

bet vējš tik skaļiem smiekliem pasmejas... līdz smejas kaivas spilgtiem kliedzieniem

but the wind laughs with such loud laughs... (and) with the laughs (also) a seagull's sharp, loud squawks

(dated sense, of sounds; now usually spalgs) very loud, strong

dated sense; now usually spalgs; dated sense; now usually spalgs


spulga

spulga (nominative singular)
spulgas (nominative plural)
spulgas (genitive singular)
spulgu (genitive plural)
spulgai (dative singular)
spulgām (dative plural)
spulgu (accusative singular)
spulgas (accusative plural)
spulgu (instrumental singular)
spulgām (instrumental plural)
spulgā (locative singular)
spulgās (locative plural)
spulga (singular vocative)
spulgas (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the adjective spulgs (“bright”), made into a fourth-declension feminine noun (ending -a).

zvaigžņu spulga

cilvēki iet, saulrieta spulga tos apņem

people go, (and) the sunset brightness surrounds them

shine, brightness (the quality of that which is bright)


ugunskurs

ugunskurs (nominative singular)
ugunskuri (nominative plural)
ugunskura (genitive singular)
ugunskuru (genitive plural)
ugunskuram (dative singular)
ugunskuriem (dative plural)
ugunskuru (accusative singular)
ugunskurus (accusative plural)
ugunskuru (instrumental singular)
ugunskuriem (instrumental plural)
ugunskurā (locative singular)
ugunskuros (locative plural)
ugunskur (singular vocative)
ugunskuri (plural vocative)

Apparently a compound, from uguns (“fire”) and the stem found in the verb kurt (“to light, to ignite”).

sildīties pie ugunskura

dedzināt ugunskura

cept kartupeļus ugunskurā

krastmalā bija sakurts ugunskurs, ap kuru sildījās ostas strādnieki

on the waterfront a fire was lit, around which the harbor workers warmed themselves

fire, bonfire, campfire (a heap of flammable materials burning to provide heat)


degt

head

degt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present degu, dedz, deg, past degu)

conjugation (first-person)
degu (present)
dedz (present)
deg (present)
degu (past)
degu (first-person indicative present singular)
degu (first-person indicative past singular)
degšu (first-person future indicative singular)
dedz (indicative present second-person singular)
degi (indicative past second-person singular)
degsi (future indicative second-person singular)
dedz (imperative second-person singular)
deg (indicative present singular third-person)
dega (indicative past singular third-person)
degs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai deg (imperative singular third-person)
degam (first-person indicative plural present)
degām (first-person indicative past plural)
degsim (first-person future indicative plural)
degsim (first-person imperative plural)
degat (indicative plural present second-person)
degāt (indicative past plural second-person)
degsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
degsit (future indicative plural second-person)
dedziet (imperative plural second-person)
deg (indicative plural present third-person)
dega (indicative past plural third-person)
degs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai deg (imperative plural third-person)
degot (present renarrative)
degošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot dedzis (past renarrative)
degdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
degšot (future renarrative)
degot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai degot (imperative)
degam (active participle participle-4 present)
dedzis (active participle past)
degtu (conditional present)
degams (participle passive present)
būtu dedzis (conditional past)
degts (participle passive past)
jādeg (debitive indicative)
būt jādeg (debitive indicative)
degt (infinitive)
esot jādeg (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nedegt (infinitive negative)
jādegot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
degšana (noun-from-verb)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *degtéi, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰégʷʰeti (“to burn”).
Regarding the different conjugation of transitive/intransitive, Carrasquer Vidal summarizes the situation as follows: "considering that transitives such as ja-presents make ē-preterits, while intransitives, such as n-infix verbs and sta-verbs, mostly make ā-preterits, a solution focusing on transitivity ~ intransitivity (active vs. middle) suggests itself," i.e., it is not an ad hoc formation to differentiate the two uses but rather the reason why the two conjugation types are different to begin with.

inh

pakalna vidū neliel ieplakā deg ugunskurs... deg gaiši, līksmi, priecīgi

in the middle of the hill, in a little hollow place, the campfire is burning... it burns bright, cheerful, happy

krāsnī gaiši dega uguns, sarkanām mēlēm laizīdama lielās, sausās egļu pagales

in the stove the fire burned bright, licking the big, dry spruce logs with (its) red tongues

(only 3rd person, of fire itself) to burn

labi deg arī dažu viegli gaistošu šķidrumu: ētera, spirta, acetona, benzola, benzīna un citu

several volatile fluids also burn well: ether, alcohol, acetone, benzene, gasoline and others

(of substances) to burn (to be flammable, to be capable of burning)


degt

head

degt (transitive, 1st conjugation, present dedzu, dedz, dedz, past dedzu)

conjugation (first-person)
dedzu (present)
dedz (present)
dedzu (past)
dedzu (first-person indicative present singular)
dedzu (first-person indicative past singular)
degšu (first-person future indicative singular)
dedz (indicative present second-person singular)
dedzi (indicative past second-person singular)
degsi (future indicative second-person singular)
dedz (imperative second-person singular)
dedz (indicative present singular third-person)
dedza (indicative past singular third-person)
degs (future indicative singular third-person)
lai dedz (imperative singular third-person)
dedzam (first-person indicative plural present)
dedzām (first-person indicative past plural)
degsim (first-person future indicative plural)
degsim (first-person imperative plural)
dedzat (indicative plural present second-person)
dedzāt (indicative past plural second-person)
degsiet (future indicative plural second-person)
degsit (future indicative plural second-person)
dedziet (imperative plural second-person)
dedz (indicative plural present third-person)
dedza (indicative past plural third-person)
degs (future indicative plural third-person)
lai dedz (imperative plural third-person)
dedzot (present renarrative)
dedzošs (active adjectival participle participle-1 present)
esot dedzis (past renarrative)
degdams (active adverbial participle participle-2 present)
degšot (future renarrative)
dedzot (active adverbial participle participle-3 present)
lai dedzot (imperative)
dedzam (active participle participle-4 present)
dedzis (active participle past)
degtu (conditional present)
dedzams (participle passive present)
būtu dedzis (conditional past)
degts (participle passive past)
jādedz (debitive indicative)
būt jādedz (debitive indicative)
degt (infinitive)
esot jādedz (conjunctive conjunctive-1 debitive)
nedegt (infinitive negative)
jādedzot (conjunctive conjunctive-2 debitive)
degšana (noun-from-verb)

viņš iededza gaismu

(transitive, usually with ie-) (of light sources) to light


bāka

bāka (nominative singular)
bākas (nominative plural)
bākas (genitive singular)
bāku (genitive plural)
bākai (dative singular)
bākām (dative plural)
bāku (accusative singular)
bākas (accusative plural)
bāku (instrumental singular)
bākām (instrumental plural)
bākā (locative singular)
bākās (locative plural)
bāka (singular vocative)
bākas (plural vocative)


ugunsdzēsējs

lv-noun

ugunsdzēsējs m (1st declension, feminine form: ugunsdzēsēja)

ugunsdzēsēja (feminine)
ugunsdzēsējs (nominative singular)
ugunsdzēsēji (nominative plural)
ugunsdzēsēja (genitive singular)
ugunsdzēsēju (genitive plural)
ugunsdzēsējam (dative singular)
ugunsdzēsējiem (dative plural)
ugunsdzēsēju (accusative singular)
ugunsdzēsējus (accusative plural)
ugunsdzēsēju (instrumental singular)
ugunsdzēsējiem (instrumental plural)
ugunsdzēsējā (locative singular)
ugunsdzēsējos (locative plural)
ugunsdzēsēj (singular vocative)
ugunsdzēsēji (plural vocative)

From uguns (“fire”) + dzēs(t) (“to extinguish, erase”) + -ējs.