mute

mute (nominative singular)
mutes (nominative plural)
mutes (genitive singular)
mutu (genitive plural)
mutei (dative singular)
mutēm (dative plural)
muti (accusative singular)
mutes (accusative plural)
muti (instrumental singular)
mutēm (instrumental plural)
mutē (locative singular)
mutēs (locative plural)
mute (singular vocative)
mutes (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *mnt-, *ment- (“to chew; jaw, mouth”). Cognate with Latin mentum (“chin”) and mandō (“to chew”), Ancient Greek μάσταξ (mástax, “jaws, mouth”) and μασάομαι (masáomai, “to chew”), Welsh mant (“jawbone”), Hittite [script needed] (mēni, “chin”), Proto-Germanic *munþaz (“mouth”) (English mouth, German Mund, Dutch mond, Swedish mun, Icelandic munnur, Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs)). Another suggestion is a root *mu-, perhaps of ideophonic origin (noise made by using the vocal chords when the mouth is closed), apparently found also in other words (e.g. German Maul).

cog

mutes orgāni

aizvērt muti

plātīt muti

turēt mutē konfekti

mutes kaktiņi

mutes harmonikas

(anatomy) mouth (orifice for ingesting food)


aorta

aorta (nominative singular)
aortas (nominative plural)
aortas (genitive singular)
aortu (genitive plural)
aortai (dative singular)
aortām (dative plural)
aortu (accusative singular)
aortas (accusative plural)
aortu (instrumental singular)
aortām (instrumental plural)
aortā (locative singular)
aortās (locative plural)
aorta (singular vocative)
aortas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “I lift, raise”).

bor

lielais asinsriņķošanas loks sākas ar aortu

the great blood circulation cycle begins with the aorta

lielie asinsvadi: aorta un plaušu artērija

the major blood vessels: the aorta and the pulmonary artery

circulatory system
circulatory system#English

(anatomy) aorta (the main artery of the circulatory system, responsible for carrying the blood from the heart to the rest of the body except the lungs)


soma

soma (nominative singular)
somas (nominative plural)
somas (genitive singular)
somu (genitive plural)
somai (dative singular)
somām (dative plural)
somu (accusative singular)
somas (accusative plural)
somu (instrumental singular)
somām (instrumental plural)
somā (locative singular)
somās (locative plural)
soma (singular vocative)
somas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.

ķengura soma

(biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)


deguns

deguns (nominative singular)
deguni (nominative plural)
deguna (genitive singular)
degunu (genitive plural)
degunam (dative singular)
deguniem (dative plural)
degunu (accusative singular)
degunus (accusative plural)
degunu (instrumental singular)
deguniem (instrumental plural)
degunā (locative singular)
degunos (locative plural)
deguns (singular vocative)
deguni (plural vocative)


rags

rags (nominative singular)
ragi (nominative plural)
raga (genitive singular)
ragu (genitive plural)
ragam (dative singular)
ragiem (dative plural)
ragu (accusative singular)
ragus (accusative plural)
ragu (instrumental singular)
ragiem (instrumental plural)
ragā (locative singular)
ragos (locative plural)
rags (singular vocative)
ragi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rágas (“horn”).

brieža rags

govs bez ragiem

(anatomy) horn (solid growth on an animal's head)


akmens

lv-noun

akmens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

akmens (nominative singular)
akmeņi (nominative plural)
akmens (genitive singular)
akmeņu (genitive plural)
akmenim (dative singular)
akmeņiem (dative plural)
akmeni (accusative singular)
akmeņus (accusative plural)
akmeni (instrumental singular)
akmeņiem (instrumental plural)
akmenī (locative singular)
akmeņos (locative plural)
akmeni (singular vocative)
akmeņi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ákmō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱ-mō (whence also asmens, originally a parallel form to akmens, created by a different development of *ḱ, perhaps due to Proto-Indo-European dialectal differences), from the stem *h₂éḱ- (“sharp, pointy, angular; stone”) with an extra element -men. Cognates include Lithuanian akmuõ, genitive akmeñs, Sudovian akmi, Hittite [script needed] (aku, “sharp stone”), Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman, “stone, rock, sky”), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬨𐬀𐬥 (asman, “stone, sky”), Ancient Greek ἄκμων (ákmōn, “anvil”), ἀκμή (akmḗ, “spike, edge, blade”); with reduction (zero grade) of the stem (*h₂éḱ-h₂-men > Proto-Slavic *kamy (“stone”)), also Belarusian, Russian ка́мень (kámenʹ), Ukrainian ка́мінь (káminʹ), Bulgarian ка́мен (kámen), Czech kámen, Polish kamień.
According to more recent analyses, the corresponding form may have been *ákmō all the way up to Eastern Baltic unity, thus identical to the Proto-Balto-Slavic form.

cog

žults akmeņi

zobu akmens, zobakmens

nieru akmeņi veidojas nieru bļodiņās

kidney stones are formed in the renal pelvis

(medicine, anatomy) stone, calculus (a hard, usually saline, formation in the body)


zarna

zarna (nominative singular)
zarnas (nominative plural)
zarnas (genitive singular)
zarnu (genitive plural)
zarnai (dative singular)
zarnām (dative plural)
zarnu (accusative singular)
zarnas (accusative plural)
zarnu (instrumental singular)
zarnām (instrumental plural)
zarnā (locative singular)
zarnās (locative plural)
zarna (singular vocative)
zarnas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *źer-, *źar- (with an extra suffix *-nā), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“bowel, intestine”). In the 17th and 18th centuries, several variants of this stem are attested: zarnis, zarns, sarna. Cognates include Lithuanian žárna, žarnà, Old Norse gǫrn, Old High German garn, Middle Low German garn (“yarn”), German Garn (“yarn”), Albanian zorrë (“intestine”), Sanskrit हिरः (hiraḥ, “tape, stripe”), हिरा (hirā, “vein”), Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ), Latin haruspex (“diviner who reads the intestines of sacrificed animals”).

cog

zarnu trakts

zarnu sieniņa

tievā zarna

resnā zarna

taisnā zarna

zarnu darbība

bowel movement (lit. intestine activity)

zarnu slimības

zarnu iekaisums

zarnu parazīti

(anatomy, often plural) intestine, bowel (part of the digestive tract between the stomach and the anus)


mugurkauls

mugurkauls (nominative singular)
mugurkauli (nominative plural)
mugurkaula (genitive singular)
mugurkaulu (genitive plural)
mugurkaulam (dative singular)
mugurkauliem (dative plural)
mugurkaulu (accusative singular)
mugurkaulus (accusative plural)
mugurkaulu (instrumental singular)
mugurkauliem (instrumental plural)
mugurkaulā (locative singular)
mugurkaulos (locative plural)
mugurkaul (singular vocative)
mugurkauli (plural vocative)

mugurkaula skriemeļi, artērijas

mugurkaula deformācija

mugurkaula izliekumi

lokans mugurkauls

lauzt mugurkaulu


sula

sula (nominative singular)
sulas (nominative plural)
sulas (genitive singular)
sulu (genitive plural)
sulai (dative singular)
sulām (dative plural)
sulu (accusative singular)
sulas (accusative plural)
sulu (instrumental singular)
sulām (instrumental plural)
sulā (locative singular)
sulās (locative plural)
sula (singular vocative)
sulas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁-leh₂, from *sewh₁- (“to press”). Direct cognates include Lithuanian sulà (“juice, sap”), Old Prussian sulo (“curdled milk”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *súraH (“intoxicating liquor”).

zarnu sula

(anatomy) (liquids excreted by certain body organs)


zobs

zobs (nominative singular)
zobi (nominative plural)
zoba (genitive singular)
zobu (genitive plural)
zobam (dative singular)
zobiem (dative plural)
zobu (accusative singular)
zobus (accusative plural)
zobu (instrumental singular)
zobiem (instrumental plural)
zobā (locative singular)
zobos (locative plural)
zobs (singular vocative)
zobi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas (with irregular *am > Latvian o ([uo]); or perhaps from a parallel form *žanbas, since *an > Latvian o ([uo]) is a regular change), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth; row of teeth”), itself from the stem *ǵembʰ- (“to bite”), apparently a variant of synonymous *ǵebʰ-. Cognates include Lithuanian žam̃bas (“log, beam edge; any sharp, angular object”), žam̃bis (“wooden plow”), Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian зуб (zub), Bulgarian зъб (zǎb), Czech zub, Polish ząb, Old High German chamb (“comb”), Old Norse kambr, Old English camb, English comb, Albanian dhëmb (“tooth”), Sanskrit जम्भः (jámbhaḥ, “tooth, fang”), Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, “nail, peg”), γομφίος (gomphíos, “molar”).

cog

veselīgi zobi

nedzīvs zobs

zoba kronis

zoba sakne

zoba emalja

zobu šķilšanās

bērnam nāk zobi

zoba plombēšana

zobu sāpes

zobu protēze

izraut zobu

tīrīt zobus ar suku

piena zobs

acu zobs, acuzobs

gudrības zobs

tik auksts, ka zobi klab

(it is) so cold that (one's) teeth chatter

(anatomy) tooth (a hard, calcareous element in a structure present in the mouths of most vertebrates, used for biting and eating)


galva

galva (nominative singular)
galvas (nominative plural)
galvas (genitive singular)
galvu (genitive plural)
galvai (dative singular)
galvām (dative plural)
galvu (accusative singular)
galvas (accusative plural)
galvu (instrumental singular)
galvām (instrumental plural)
galvā (locative singular)
galvās (locative plural)
galva (singular vocative)
galvas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *golHwéh₂, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (whence also Latvian gals), ablauted to *gʷol- and with an extra suffix *-weh₂. The meaning evolution was probably 'point, spike, peak' > 'top part' > 'head'. Other, less convincing sources have been suggested (e.g., Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-). Close cognates include Lithuanian galvà, Proto-Slavic *golvà.

cilvēka, suņa, čūskas galva

galvas muskuļi

pagriezt galvu

pamāt ar galvu

saņemt galvu rokās

purināt, kratīt galvu

galva sāp

galvas tabletes

head (top or front of the body, where the brain is located)

sirma galva

mazgāt galvu

sukāt, ķemmēt galvu

galva balta kā ābele


roka

roka (nominative singular)
rokas (nominative plural)
rokas (genitive singular)
roku (genitive plural)
rokai (dative singular)
rokām (dative plural)
roku (accusative singular)
rokas (accusative plural)
roku (instrumental singular)
rokām (instrumental plural)
rokā (locative singular)
rokās (locative plural)
roka (singular vocative)
rokas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *wrenk-, *wronk-, derived from the zero grade of the root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was therefore “bent, bending (organ, limb)”.

kreisā, labā roka

spēcīgas, muskuļainas rokas

veiklas rokas

aiz, pie rokas

uz rokām

(holding, lifting something) in the arms

zem rokas

roku rokā

māt, mest ar roku

sniegt, dot roku

to give, to offer (one's) hand (for a handshake)

piedāvāt roku

to offer (one's) hand, arm (for support)

spiest, paspiest, saspiest roku

rokas spiediens

vilkt cimdus rokā

paņemt rokā grāmatu

maciņš izkrīt no rokas

the little wallet fell out of (his) hand(s)

māte mēdz iespiest rokas sānos

mother used to press her arms against her side

lai gan nav auksti, tomēr Juris mauc rokā pirkstainus cimdus

though it is not cold, Juris puts on his hand(s) the fingered gloves (i.e., not mittens, but gloves with actual places for each of the five fingers)

(anatomy) hand, arm (each of the upper limbs of the human body, from shoulder to palm)


aste

aste (nominative singular)
astes (nominative plural)
astes (genitive singular)
astu (genitive plural)
astei (dative singular)
astēm (dative plural)
asti (accusative singular)
astes (accusative plural)
asti (instrumental singular)
astēm (instrumental plural)
astē (locative singular)
astēs (locative plural)
aste (singular vocative)
astes (plural vocative)

Originally an e-stem variant of an earlier i/n-stem *astis, from Proto-Baltic *asti- < *aš-sti-. Further, two possible Proto-Indo-European sources have been proposed: (a) *h₂eḱ-sti-, from *h₂eḱ- “sharp, pointy, edgy; stone” (whence also ass “sharp”, q.v.), with the meaning changes being “sharp, pointy (object)” > “stinger” > “tail”; and (b) *h₃ésth₁- (“bone”), in which case the semantic evolution would have been “bone” > “tail bone” > “tail” (cf. Icelandic rōfa (“dog's, cat's tail”) from Old Norse rófa (“bony part of a horse's tail”)). In the (a) case, cognates would include Lithuanian aksti̇̀s (“skewer, fish bone”) akšti̇̀s (“skewer, fish bone, awn”), Old Church Slavonic осътъ (osŭtŭ, “thorny water plant”), остъ (ostŭ, “awn, stinger, fish bone”), Russian ость (ostʹ), Czech osť, Polish ość, Russian осот (osot, “thorny plant”), Bulgarian о́сът (ósǎt), Czech, Polish oset. In the (b) case, cognates would include Hittite 𒄩𒀸𒋫𒄿, Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi), Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon), Albanian asht, Tocharian B āsta, Latin os (and maybe also costa (“rib”)), and perhaps also all the (a) cognates, which some authors also derive from *h₃ésth₁-.

cog

zirga aste

suņa aste

vilka aste

gaiļa aste

pāva aste

kaķis pa to laiku bija izlavījies no pagalma un, izlējis asti, lēni gāja prom

the cat, meanwhile, had gotten out of the yard and, straightening (his) tail, slowly went away

kas sunim asti cels, ja pats necels

who is going to raise a dog's tail if not for the dog himself


lūpa

lūpa (nominative singular)
lūpas (nominative plural)
lūpas (genitive singular)
lūpu (genitive plural)
lūpai (dative singular)
lūpām (dative plural)
lūpu (accusative singular)
lūpas (accusative plural)
lūpu (instrumental singular)
lūpām (instrumental plural)
lūpā (locative singular)
lūpās (locative plural)
lūpa (singular vocative)
lūpas (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verbs lupt (“to peel, to come off”), lupināt (“to peel (tr.)”): Proto-Baltic *lūp-, *lup-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp-, *lūp-, *lup- (“to pare, to peel, to break off”). The meaning evolved from “peeled off; puckered” to “puckered lips” and then simply “lips.” Cognates include Lithuanian lū́pa, Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”).

pilnīgas, plānas lūpas

augšējā lūpa

apakšējā lūpa

lūpu krāsa, lūpu pomāde

ar smaidu uz lūpām

iekost lūpā

kaunuma lūpas

zaķa lūpa


nags

nags (nominative singular)
nagi (nominative plural)
naga (genitive singular)
nagu (genitive plural)
nagam (dative singular)
nagiem (dative plural)
nagu (accusative singular)
nagus (accusative plural)
nagu (instrumental singular)
nagiem (instrumental plural)
nagā (locative singular)
nagos (locative plural)
nags (singular vocative)
nagi (plural vocative)

Basically from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nágas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs (see there for further descendants). The meaning 'leg', widely attested in Slavic (cf. Ukrainian нога (noha), Russian нога (noga), Czech noha, Polish noga) and also in Old Prussian noge (cf. also meaning #3 below), probably evolved as '(finger) nail' > '(bird) claw' > '(bird) leg'. The 'metal fastener for joining wood etc.' meaning, found in Germanic languages (English nail, German Nagel), is probably derived from 'claw' as 'object for piercing'.

gari nagi

ieaudzis nags

naga gultne

naga sakne

nail root (part of the nail under the skin, where the nail grows)

nagu kopšana

nagu laka

apgriezt nagus

nolīdzināt nagus ar vīlīti

ar zobiem un nagiem

with tooth and nail (with complete dedication, persistently)

(anatomy) fingernail (thin, curved horny plate on the back surface of a (human) fingertip).

kaķa nags

ērgļa nagi

Vanagam ir asi nagi.

Govis apslima ar mutes un nagu sērgu.

(anatomy) claw (horny formation at the tip of an animal's toe).


mats

mats (nominative singular)
mati (nominative plural)
mata (genitive singular)
matu (genitive plural)
matam (dative singular)
matiem (dative plural)
matu (accusative singular)
matus (accusative plural)
matu (instrumental singular)
matiem (instrumental plural)
matā (locative singular)
matos (locative plural)
mats (singular vocative)
mati (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mat-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-, *m-et- (“to mark, to measure”), whence also Latvian mest (“to throw”) (older meaning “to measure”, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-ti- (“measure, wisdom”)).
The original meaning was thus “measure, mark” (a derived meaning of “compensation, payment (for milling grain)” < “amount measured to be given as payment” is attested in older sources and in some dialects). The semantic evolution was “measure” > “body part used as measure unit” > “small measure / small body part used as measure unit” > “hair” (note that human and animal hair (wool) was an ancient small measure unit among many peoples, including ancient Latvians).
In some expressions, traces of the earlier meaning of mats as “small measure unit” can still be seen: uz mata (“correct”), mats matā, ne par matu. Cognates include Lithuanian mãtas (“measure, measure unit”), Russian ме́тить (métitʹ, “to mark, to label”), Sanskrit माति (māti), मिमाति (mā́ti, mimā́ti, “to measure”), Albanian matë (“measure”).

gaiši, rudi, tumši, sirmi mati

kastaņbrūni mati

kupli, sprogaini, gludi mati

normāli, taukaini, sausi mati

matu cirtas, sprogas

matu pīne

apgriezt matus

nogriezt matus īsus

nogriezt, nodzīt matus (uz nulli)

matu rullītis

matu laka

matu eļļa, mateļļa

matu (sa)kārtojums

matu mezgls

līdzās ceļiniekiem stāv meitene ar pelēkām matu pīnēm

a girl with gray hair braids is standing next to the traveler

dārzā līkņāja vecs vīrs bez neviena mata uz galvas

in the garden an old man without any hair on (his) head was stooping

(anatomy, usually plural) (head) hair (set of keratin filaments which grow on the top of a human being's head)

mata stiebrs

mata sakne

mata sīpols

uz ķermeņa, rokām un kājām mati ir maigi, plāni, tos vēl sauc par pūku... uzacu, plakstu mati ir gari, saraini

on the body, arms and legs hairs are soft (and) thin, they are also called fuzz... eyebrow, eyelid hair (in contrast) is long, stubbly

āpša ādu kažokrūpniecībā maz izmanto, jo mati rupji un cieti

badger skin is not used much in the fur industry, because (its) hairs are coarse and hard

(anatomy, singular or plural) each keratin filament on the body of human beings or other animals


auss

auss (nominative singular)
ausis (nominative plural)
auss (genitive singular)
ausu (genitive plural)
ausij (dative singular)
ausīm (dative plural)
ausi (accusative singular)
ausis (accusative plural)
ausi (instrumental singular)
ausīm (instrumental plural)
ausī (locative singular)
ausīs (locative plural)
auss (singular vocative)
ausis (plural vocative)

A 6th-declension stem based on an earlier plural form ausì, from Proto-Baltic *auś-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”). From Proto-Baltic, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows-. Cognates include Lithuanian ausi̇̀s, Old Prussian ausins (accusative plural), Proto-Slavic *uxo, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 (ausō) (< Proto-Germanic *ausô, Old High German ōra, German Ohr, Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬌 (uši, “both ears, mind, reason”), Ancient Greek οὖς (oûs), Latin auris (< *ausis).

ārējā, iekšējā auss

pakasīt aiz auss

spalvainas ausis

ausu ārsts

auss eja

auss iekaisums

nedzirdīgas, kurlas ausis

saberzēt nosalušas ausis

ausīs džinkst, dūc, zvana, dun, šalc, rūc, šņāc

(one's) ears are buzzing, whizzing, ringing

mūsu auss skaņas svārstības uztver tikai no 15 līdz 20000 hercu intervālā

our ear's sound perception range covers an interval of only 15 to 20000 Hertz

suns aprimst kaukt un aizdomīgi paceļ ausis

the dog stopped howling and suspiciously raised his ears


tinte

tinte (nominative singular)
tintes (nominative plural)
tintes (genitive singular)
tinšu (genitive plural)
tintei (dative singular)
tintēm (dative plural)
tinti (accusative singular)
tintes (accusative plural)
tinti (instrumental singular)
tintēm (instrumental plural)
tintē (locative singular)
tintēs (locative plural)
tinte (singular vocative)
tintes (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Tinte, itself a borrowing from Latin tincta (aqua) (“colored water, liquid”). This word is first mentioned in the early 19th century. It replaced an earlier borrowing blaka, from Middle Low German blak, black (“black ink”). An attempt to introduce a neologism melne (from melns (“black”); compare Russian черни́ла (černíla, “ink”), from чёрный (čórnyj, “black”)) also failed.

der

gliemju tintes dziedzeri

(biology, anatomy) ink (dark liquid produced by certain animals or plants)


kauls

kauls (nominative singular)
kauli (nominative plural)
kaula (genitive singular)
kaulu (genitive plural)
kaulam (dative singular)
kauliem (dative plural)
kaulu (accusative singular)
kaulus (accusative plural)
kaulu (instrumental singular)
kauliem (instrumental plural)
kaulā (locative singular)
kaulos (locative plural)
kauls (singular vocative)
kauli (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *káuˀlas, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulós.


anatomija

anatomija (nominative singular)
anatomijas (genitive singular)
anatomijai (dative singular)
anatomiju (accusative singular)
anatomiju (instrumental singular)
anatomijā (locative singular)
anatomija (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin anatomia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀνατομία (anatomía), a word attested only once, in a quotation in a Latin text by Caelius Aurelianus, from ἀνατέμνω (anatémnō, “I cut up”), from ἀνά (aná, “up”) and τέμνω (témnō, “I cut”).

cilvēka, dzīvnieku, augu anatomija

mikroskopiskā, salīdzināmā anatomija

anatomy (science that studies the form and structure of living organisms)

anatomijas kurss

anatomijas atlants

anatomy (the corresponding teaching subject)

vīrieša anatomija

auss, acs anatomija

anatomy (structure of a living organism or organ)


bārda

bārda (nominative singular)
bārdas (nominative plural)
bārdas (genitive singular)
bārdu (genitive plural)
bārdai (dative singular)
bārdām (dative plural)
bārdu (accusative singular)
bārdas (accusative plural)
bārdu (instrumental singular)
bārdām (instrumental plural)
bārdā (locative singular)
bārdās (locative plural)
bārda (singular vocative)
bārdas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bardā́ˀ (with lengthening: *-àr- > -ā̀r-), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”), from the stem *bʰar- (“projecting forward; tip, point; bristle, awn”), which is perhaps a form of *bʰer- (“to cut, to grate, to split, to hit”). Cognates include Lithuanian barzdà (< *barzdā-, a parallel form of *bardā-, with an extra z perhaps because of d:zd phonetic variation), Old Prussian bordus, Proto-Slavic *borda (Old Church Slavonic брада (brada), Russian борода (boroda), Czech brada (“beard, chin”), Polish broda (“beard, chin”)), Proto-Germanic *bardaz (German Bart, English beard), Latin barba (< *farβā) (French barbe, Italian barba).

vaigu bārda

sirma bārda

kupla bārda

skūt bārdu

audzēt bārdu

biezi, melni bārdas rugāji noseguši zodu un vaigus

thick, black beard stubbles covered (his) chin and cheeks

(anatomy) beard (hair that grows on the cheeks and chins)


krevele

krevele (nominative singular)
kreveles (nominative plural)
kreveles (genitive singular)
kreveļu (genitive plural)
krevelei (dative singular)
krevelēm (dative plural)
kreveli (accusative singular)
kreveles (accusative plural)
kreveli (instrumental singular)
krevelēm (instrumental plural)
krevelē (locative singular)
krevelēs (locative plural)
krevele (singular vocative)
kreveles (plural vocative)


paduse

paduse (nominative singular)
paduses (nominative plural)
paduses (genitive singular)
padušu (genitive plural)
padusei (dative singular)
padusēm (dative plural)
padusi (accusative singular)
paduses (accusative plural)
padusi (instrumental singular)
padusēm (instrumental plural)
padusē (locative singular)
padusēs (locative plural)
paduse (singular vocative)
paduses (plural vocative)

From pa- + an older term *dusa (“arm, shoulder”) (maybe *dusis?), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dus-, from the zero grade *dus- of Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“arm”) (whence Sanskrit दोषान् (doṣán-), दो (do, “arm, forearm”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱- (daoš-, “upper arm, shoulder”)). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic пазуха (pazuxa), Belarusian, Ukrainian and Russian па́зуха (pázuxa), Czech, Polish pazucha.

cog

paduses artērija

turēt ko padusē

likt, ielikt termometru padusē

to set a thermometer into someone's armpit

(anatomy) armpit (cavity beneath the junction of arm and shoulder)


piere

piere (nominative singular)
pieres (nominative plural)
pieres (genitive singular)
pieru (genitive plural)
pierei (dative singular)
pierēm (dative plural)
pieri (accusative singular)
pieres (accusative plural)
pieri (instrumental singular)
pierēm (instrumental plural)
pierē (locative singular)
pierēs (locative plural)
piere (singular vocative)
pieres (plural vocative)

From an earlier *priere ( > piere by dissimilation), from *prie (“in front of, ahead of”). The meaning change, “in front of” > “forehead,” is similar to the evolution of the English term (compare fore).

augsta, zema piere

plata, šaura piere

pieres kauls

noslaucīt sviedrus no pieres

(sa)raukt, (sa)raut, (sa)vilkt pieri

to frown (lit. to pull, tighten one's forehead)

(anatomy) forehead (part of the human face between the hair and the eyebrows)


sirds

sirds (nominative singular)
sirdis (nominative plural)
sirds (genitive singular)
siržu (genitive plural)
sirdij (dative singular)
sirdīm (dative plural)
sirdi (accusative singular)
sirdis (accusative plural)
sirdi (instrumental singular)
sirdīm (instrumental plural)
sirdī (locative singular)
sirdīs (locative plural)
sirds (singular vocative)
sirdis (plural vocative)
sirde (alternative)

From older sirdis (attested in 17th-century texts), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *śḗr, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.

sirds pukst

sirds sit

the heart is jumping (lit. beating, i.e., heavily)

sirds slimības

sirds pārsitieni

sirds mazspēja

sirds trokšņi

sirds zāles

sirds darbojas normāli

sirds ir mūsu galvenais orgāns

(anatomy) heart (the central organ of the circulatory system which causes the blood to flow through the blood vessels by means of rhythmic muscular contractions)


dzimumloceklis

dzimumloceklis (nominative singular)
dzimumlocekļi (nominative plural)
dzimumlocekļa (genitive singular)
dzimumlocekļu (genitive plural)
dzimumloceklim (dative singular)
dzimumlocekļiem (dative plural)
dzimumlocekli (accusative singular)
dzimumlocekļus (accusative plural)
dzimumlocekli (instrumental singular)
dzimumlocekļiem (instrumental plural)
dzimumloceklī (locative singular)
dzimumlocekļos (locative plural)
dzimumlocekli (singular vocative)
dzimumlocekļi (plural vocative)

From dzimums (“sex, gender”) + loceklis (“limb, member”).


āda

āda (nominative singular)
ādas (nominative plural)
ādas (genitive singular)
ādu (genitive plural)
ādai (dative singular)
ādām (dative plural)
ādu (accusative singular)
ādas (accusative plural)
ādu (instrumental singular)
ādām (instrumental plural)
ādā (locative singular)
ādās (locative plural)
āda (singular vocative)
ādas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *ād-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂edʰ-, a parallel form of *h₂eǵ- (“goat”) (whence Latvian āzis (“billy-goat”), q.v.). The term may originally have been adjectival (cf. Lithuanian ódinis (“skin, of skin”)). A relationship between terms for “goat” and “skin” is not infrequent in Indo-European; cf. Russian коза́ (kozá, “goat”), ко́жа (kóža, “skin”), or Sanskrit अजा (ajā, “she-goat”), अजिनम् (ajínam, “skin”). In Latvian, the term expanded its meaning to cover both human and animal skin (or fur), as well as animal skin as material for making objects, ideas often distinguished in other languages (e.g., German Haut, Fell, and Leder). The original meaning is perhaps preserved in the Finnish borrowing vuota (“(raw) hide, pelt”). Cognates include Lithuanian óda, Sanskrit अत्क (átka, “armor, outfit”) (< *h₂eǵ-ko-), Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós, “leather wine-skin”), Albanian dhi (“goat”) (< *h₂edʰ-i).

cog

sejas āda

gluda, maiga āda

krunkaina āda

ādas slimības

pārstādīt ādu

kopt ādu

čūska met ādu

the snake is throwing (= leaving) its skin

zirgam uz kakla noberzta āda

(anatomy) skin (external cover of the (human or animal) body)


priekšāda

priekšāda (nominative singular)
priekšādas (nominative plural)
priekšādas (genitive singular)
priekšādu (genitive plural)
priekšādai (dative singular)
priekšādām (dative plural)
priekšādu (accusative singular)
priekšādas (accusative plural)
priekšādu (instrumental singular)
priekšādām (instrumental plural)
priekšādā (locative singular)
priekšādās (locative plural)
priekšāda (singular vocative)
priekšādas (plural vocative)

(anatomy, rare) foreskin, prepuce of the penis


zods

zods (nominative singular)
zodi (nominative plural)
zoda (genitive singular)
zodu (genitive plural)
zodam (dative singular)
zodiem (dative plural)
zodu (accusative singular)
zodus (accusative plural)
zodu (instrumental singular)
zodiem (instrumental plural)
zodā (locative singular)
zodos (locative plural)
zod (singular vocative)
zodi (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu-, *ǵénus. Compare the root *ǵonh₂dʰos. Compare also Lithuanian žándas (“chin”), Old Prussian żauna (“jaw”).


celis

celis (nominative singular)
ceļi (nominative plural)
ceļa (genitive singular)
ceļu (genitive plural)
celim (dative singular)
ceļiem (dative plural)
celi (accusative singular)
ceļus (accusative plural)
celi (instrumental singular)
ceļiem (instrumental plural)
celī (locative singular)
ceļos (locative plural)
celi (singular vocative)
ceļi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *kelH-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel(H)- (“to turn, to rotate, to move”) (whence also kult, q.v.). The original meaning of this word was therefore “moving place,” “movable member, organ.” Cognates include Lithuanian kelỹs, kẽlis, dialectal kialis, Old Church Slavonic колѣно (kolěno), Russian колено (koleno), and less likely Ancient Greek κῶλον (kôlon, “organ”), κωλῆ (kōlê, “femoral bone”).

uder

stīvs celis

ceļa lūzums

sēdēt tēvam uz ceļiem

sniegs mežā bija dziļš, vai līdz ceļiem

the snow in the forest was deep, up to the knees

sieviete pastiepa zilās kleitas malu tālāk pāri ceļiem

the woman stretched the hem of the blue dress beyond the knees

meitene pieliec celi, kā skolā mācīts

the girl bent (her) knee, as taught at school

knee (the joint between thigh and shin and the area around it)


vads

vads (nominative singular)
vadi (nominative plural)
vada (genitive singular)
vadu (genitive plural)
vadam (dative singular)
vadiem (dative plural)
vadu (accusative singular)
vadus (accusative plural)
vadu (instrumental singular)
vadiem (instrumental plural)
vadā (locative singular)
vados (locative plural)
vad (singular vocative)
vadi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verbs vadīt, vest (“to drive, to lead”) (q.v.). The original meaning was thus “leader, one who leads”; the technical meaning of “duct, pipe, vessel” arose in the 1920s, under the influence of Russian про́вод (próvod), German Leitung. Cognates include Lithuanian vãdas (“leader, commander”), Slavic -voda in compounds such as Russian historical воево́да (vojevóda, “war leader”), Czech vévoda (“duke”), Polish wojewoda (“ruler of a region, district”).

cog

asinsvads

barības vads

(anatomy) tube- or pipe-like organ in the body


plecs

plecs (nominative singular)
pleci (nominative plural)
pleca (genitive singular)
plecu (genitive plural)
plecam (dative singular)
pleciem (dative plural)
plecu (accusative singular)
plecus (accusative plural)
plecu (instrumental singular)
pleciem (instrumental plural)
plecā (locative singular)
plecos (locative plural)
plec (singular vocative)
pleci (plural vocative)

pleca kauls, locītava

vīrietis platiem, šauriem, taisniem pleciem

a man of wide, narrow, straight shoulders

paraustīt, noraustīt plecus

uzlikt mugursomu uz pleciem

(anatomy) shoulder (the joining of arm and body)


lāpstiņa

lāpstiņa (nominative singular)
lāpstiņas (nominative plural)
lāpstiņas (genitive singular)
lāpstiņu (genitive plural)
lāpstiņai (dative singular)
lāpstiņām (dative plural)
lāpstiņu (accusative singular)
lāpstiņas (accusative plural)
lāpstiņu (instrumental singular)
lāpstiņām (instrumental plural)
lāpstiņā (locative singular)
lāpstiņās (locative plural)
lāpstiņa (singular vocative)
lāpstiņas (plural vocative)

labā, kreisā lāpstiņa

lāpstiņas kauls

(anatomy) shoulder blade (triangular bone behind the thorax)


sēklinieku maisiņš

sēklinieku maisiņš (nominative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņi (nominative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņa (genitive singular)
sēklinieku maisiņu (genitive plural)
sēklinieku maisiņam (dative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņiem (dative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņu (accusative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņus (accusative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņu (instrumental singular)
sēklinieku maisiņiem (instrumental plural)
sēklinieku maisiņā (locative singular)
sēklinieku maisiņos (locative plural)
sēklinieku maisiņ (singular vocative)
sēklinieku maisiņi (plural vocative)


pipele

pipele (nominative singular)
pipeles (nominative plural)
pipeles (genitive singular)
pipeļu (genitive plural)
pipelei (dative singular)
pipelēm (dative plural)
pipeli (accusative singular)
pipeles (accusative plural)
pipeli (instrumental singular)
pipelēm (instrumental plural)
pipelē (locative singular)
pipelēs (locative plural)
pipele (singular vocative)
pipeles (plural vocative)

sūkā manu pipeli, pediņ

(anatomy) (vulgar slang) penis; dick, cock, prick


pimpis

pimpis (nominative singular)
pimpji (nominative plural)
pimpja (genitive singular)
pimpju (genitive plural)
pimpim (dative singular)
pimpjiem (dative plural)
pimpi (accusative singular)
pimpjus (accusative plural)
pimpi (instrumental singular)
pimpjiem (instrumental plural)
pimpī (locative singular)
pimpjos (locative plural)
pimpi (singular vocative)
pimpji (plural vocative)

(anatomy) (vulgar, slang) penis; dick, cock, prick


pēcpuse

pēcpuse (nominative singular)
pēcpuses (nominative plural)
pēcpuses (genitive singular)
pēcpušu (genitive plural)
pēcpusei (dative singular)
pēcpusēm (dative plural)
pēcpusi (accusative singular)
pēcpuses (accusative plural)
pēcpusi (instrumental singular)
pēcpusēm (instrumental plural)
pēcpusē (locative singular)
pēcpusēs (locative plural)
pēcpuse (singular vocative)
pēcpuses (plural vocative)

(anatomy) (slang, vulgar) tail, ass, butt


sēklinieks

sēklinieks (nominative singular)
sēklinieki (nominative plural)
sēklinieka (genitive singular)
sēklinieku (genitive plural)
sēkliniekam (dative singular)
sēkliniekiem (dative plural)
sēklinieku (accusative singular)
sēkliniekus (accusative plural)
sēklinieku (instrumental singular)
sēkliniekiem (instrumental plural)
sēkliniekā (locative singular)
sēkliniekos (locative plural)
sēkliniek (singular vocative)
sēklinieki (plural vocative)


tūplis

tūplis (nominative singular)
tūpļi (nominative plural)
tūpļa (genitive singular)
tūpļu (genitive plural)
tūplim (dative singular)
tūpļiem (dative plural)
tūpli (accusative singular)
tūpļus (accusative plural)
tūpli (instrumental singular)
tūpļiem (instrumental plural)
tūplī (locative singular)
tūpļos (locative plural)
tūpli (singular vocative)
tūpļi (plural vocative)


maksts

maksts (nominative singular)
makstis (nominative plural)
maksts (genitive singular)
makstu (genitive plural)
makstij (dative singular)
makstīm (dative plural)
maksti (accusative singular)
makstis (accusative plural)
maksti (instrumental singular)
makstīm (instrumental plural)
makstī (locative singular)
makstīs (locative plural)
maksts (singular vocative)
makstis (plural vocative)

From the same stem as maks (“purse, pouch”) (q.v.): Proto-Indo-European *mak- (“(skin) bag, sack”), with an extra suffix -t. Cognates include Lithuanian makšti̇̀s.

uder

maksts gļotāda

maksts fizioloģija

(anatomy) vagina, vulva (a woman's external sexual organs)


anālā atvere

anālā atvere (nominative singular)
anālās atveres (nominative plural)
anālās atveres (genitive singular)
anālo atveru (genitive plural)
anālajai atverei (dative singular)
anālajām atverēm (dative plural)
anālo atveri (accusative singular)
anālās atveres (accusative plural)
anālo atveri (instrumental singular)
anālajām atverēm (instrumental plural)
anālajā atverē (locative singular)
anālajās atverēs (locative plural)
anālo atvere (singular vocative)
anālā atvere (singular vocative)
anālās atveres (plural vocative)

anālā atvere ir taisnās zarnas beigu daļa

the anal orifice is the final part of the rectum

zivīm, abiniekiem, rāpuļiem un putniem anālo atveri dēvē par kloāku

the anal orifice of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds is called cloaca


kakls

kakls (nominative singular)
kakli (nominative plural)
kakla (genitive singular)
kaklu (genitive plural)
kaklam (dative singular)
kakliem (dative plural)
kaklu (accusative singular)
kaklus (accusative plural)
kaklu (instrumental singular)
kakliem (instrumental plural)
kaklā (locative singular)
kaklos (locative plural)
kakls (singular vocative)
kakli (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaklas, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷokʷlo-s (a variant of *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”)), a reduplicated form of *kʷel- (“to turn; to move”) (whence also celis (“knee”), q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian kãklas, Proto-Germanic *halsaz (Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃 (hals), German Hals).

tievs, garš, īss kakls

zoss kakls

kakla skriemeļi

izstiept kaklu

aptīt šalli ap kaklu


pirksts

pirksts (nominative singular)
pirksti (nominative plural)
pirksta (genitive singular)
pirkstu (genitive plural)
pirkstam (dative singular)
pirkstiem (dative plural)
pirkstu (accusative singular)
pirkstus (accusative plural)
pirkstu (instrumental singular)
pirkstiem (instrumental plural)
pirkstā (locative singular)
pirkstos (locative plural)
pirkst (singular vocative)
pirksti (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pírštan, from Proto-Indo-European *per (“over”) (whence also Latvian par, q.v.) in its reduced grade *pr̥, with *stā- (“to stand”) (whence also Latvian stāt (“to stop”), q.v.). The original meaning was therefore “(the one(s)) standing in front, directed to(ward) the front.” Cognates include Lithuanian pir̃štas, Old Prussian pīrsten (probably masculine accusative), nagepristis (“toe nails, claws”) (< *nagepirstis), Proto-Slavic *pьrstъ (Russian archaic перст (perst), Ukrainian перст (perst), Upper Sorbian porst, Bulgarian пръст (prǎst), Czech prst, Polish parst), Old High German first (“spike, protuberance”), German First (“ridge, top”), Sanskrit पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭhám, “back, tip, ending”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀 (paršta, “backbone, spine”), Latin postis (“post, doorpost”) (< *porstis “the one standing in front”).

cog

slaidi, gari pirksti

līki pirksti

pirksta locītava

pirksta kauli, gali

pirkstu nospiedums

lielais pirksts

rādītāja pirksts, rādītājpirksts

vidējais pirksts

skaitīt uz pirkstiem

(anatomy) finger, toe (movable extremities of the hand or foot)


sīpols

sīpols (nominative singular)
sīpoli (nominative plural)
sīpola (genitive singular)
sīpolu (genitive plural)
sīpolam (dative singular)
sīpoliem (dative plural)
sīpolu (accusative singular)
sīpolus (accusative plural)
sīpolu (instrumental singular)
sīpoliem (instrumental plural)
sīpolā (locative singular)
sīpolos (locative plural)
sīpol (singular vocative)
sīpoli (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch sipol (cf. Middle Low German sipolle, German Zwiebel), itself a borrowing from Italian cipollo, from Latin cīpulla, cepulla, the diminutive form of cēpa, of uncertain origin (perhaps a borrowing from an unattested Ancient Greek word.)

mati nosirmo kad mata sīpolā attiecīgs iecirknis pārstāj ražot pigmentu

hairs become gray when the respective region of the hair follicle stops producing pigment

ir dažādas metodes lieko matu likvidēšanai, taču visām ir būtisks trūkums: tās neiznīcina mata sīpolu

there are various methods to eliminate excess hair, but they all have an essential flaw: they do not destroy the hair follicle

(anatomy) follicle (part of the hair situated under the skin)


acs

acs (nominative singular)
acis (nominative plural)
acs (genitive singular)
acu (genitive plural)
acij (dative singular)
acīm (dative plural)
aci (accusative singular)
acis (accusative plural)
aci (instrumental singular)
acīm (instrumental plural)
acī (locative singular)
acīs (locative plural)
acs (singular vocative)
acis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic (perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic) *ak-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Cognates include Lithuanian aki̇̀s, Old Prussian ackis (plural), Proto-Slavic *oko (“eye”) (Old Church Slavonic око (oko), Russian, Ukrainian о́ко (óko), Bulgarian око́ (okó), Czech, Polish oko), Proto-Germanic *ago (> *augô under the influence of *ausô (“ear”); Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō), German Auge, Dutch oog, English eye), Sanskrit अक्षि (ákṣi), Armenian ակն (akn), Ancient Greek ὤψ (ṓps, “eye, face”), Latin oculus.

zilas, brūnas, melnas acis

lielas, mazas acis

šauras, šķības acis

acu vāki (= plakstiņi)

dzīvas, skumjas acis

viltīgas acis

acu pilienis

atvērt, aizvērt acis

mirkšķināt acis


kāja

kāja (nominative singular)
kājas (nominative plural)
kājas (genitive singular)
kāju (genitive plural)
kājai (dative singular)
kājām (dative plural)
kāju (accusative singular)
kājas (accusative plural)
kāju (instrumental singular)
kājām (instrumental plural)
kājā (locative singular)
kājās (locative plural)
kāja (singular vocative)
kājas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *kāy-a, from Proto-Indo-European *kāi-, a stem of unclear origin:
* It is possible that the initial *k is an irregular reflex of an earlier *gʷ, in which case Latvian kāja and its cognates might be derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʷā- (“to come, to go”); compare Latvian kāja : gāja (“he went”) with Sanskrit कायः (kā́yaḥ, “body, flesh”) : गयः (gājaḥ, “gait, motion”).
* Another hypothesis suggests a connection between Latvian kāja and Ancient Greek κίω (kíō, “to go”), κινέω (kinéō, “to move, too put in motion”), Latin cieō (“to move”).
Cognate include Lithuanian koja, Sudovian kaj ([kāj(a)]), Sanskrit कायः (kā́yaḥ, “body, flesh”).

spēcīgas, slaidas kājas

plata, maza kāja

kāju pirksti

aut kājas

to put shoes on (lit. to shoe (one's) leg/foot)

atputināt kājas

lēkāt uz vienas kājas

kāju slauķis, kājslauķis

koka kāja

no galvas līdz kājām

viņam veiklas, vieglas kājas

he has agile, light legs (he walks easily)

spēlēt futbolu bez kāju sargiem ir diezgan bīstami

to play football/soccer without leg protection is quite dangerous

Juris kādu rītu uzāva kājās garos, melnos zābakus

every morning, Juris put long, black boots on (his feet)

mežā pavisam tumšs... mēs ar Ati ejam lēni, taustīdamies, kājas augstu celdami

in the forest it was dark... Atis and I walked slowly, gropingly, lifting (our) legs high

(anatomy) leg, foot (people's lower limb, organ of support and locomotion)

zirga kāja

dzērves kāja

zirneklis ar garām kājām

(anatomy) leg, foot (corresponding organ in animals)


miesa

miesa (nominative singular)
miesas (nominative plural)
miesas (genitive singular)
miesu (genitive plural)
miesai (dative singular)
miesām (dative plural)
miesu (accusative singular)
miesas (accusative plural)
miesu (instrumental singular)
miesām (instrumental plural)
miesā (locative singular)
miesās (locative plural)
miesa (singular vocative)
miesas (plural vocative)

From *mēnsā́ˀ, the plural of Proto-Balto-Slavic *mḗns, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms.
This stem has variants (*mē- > *mei-; cf. maiss) and may have originally been the name of some animal species (cf. *moysós (“sheep”), and secondarily also the source of words for its meat, skin, or limbs. Semantically, miesa became restricted to “flesh” while its synonym gaļa (q.v.) became “meat,” but its original wider meaning can still be seen in the derived term miesnieks (“butcher”).

lode skārusi miesu

stingra, raupja miesa

pieņemties miesās

to increase in the flesh (= to become fatter)

kristies miesās

to fall in the flesh (= to become thinner)

mātes miesās

in the mother's womb (lit. flesh, i.e., not yet born)

miesas uzbūve

miesas krāsa

miesas bojājums

miesas kārība, miesaskārība

(anatomy) flesh, muscle and fat tissue of a human or animal body


balss

balss (nominative singular)
balsis (nominative plural)
balss (genitive singular)
balsu (genitive plural)
balsij (dative singular)
balsīm (dative plural)
balsi (accusative singular)
balsis (accusative plural)
balsi (instrumental singular)
balsīm (instrumental plural)
balsī (locative singular)
balsīs (locative plural)
balss (singular vocative)
balsis (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *balsas, from the o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-, *bʰol- (“to sound, to speak, to roar, to bark”), with an extra suffix -so (*bʰol-so-s). Cognates include Lithuanian bal̃sas, Russian болтать (boltatʹ, “to chat, to chatter”), dialectal балдить (balditʹ, “to often repeat the same thing”), Old High German bellan, German bellen (“to bark”), Middle Low German bulderen, German poltern (“to rumble; to speak loud”).

spēcīga balss

balss trīc, dreb

balss tembrs, spēks, augstums

balss aparāts

balss saites

lasīt balsī

to read out loud (lit. to read in voice)

pacelt, raudāt balsi

respiratory tract
respiratory tract#English

(anatomy) voice (sound produced by the human respiratory tract for speaking, singing, etc.)


dzimumorgāns

dzimumorgāns (nominative singular)
dzimumorgāni (nominative plural)
dzimumorgāna (genitive singular)
dzimumorgānu (genitive plural)
dzimumorgānam (dative singular)
dzimumorgāniem (dative plural)
dzimumorgānu (accusative singular)
dzimumorgānus (accusative plural)
dzimumorgānu (instrumental singular)
dzimumorgāniem (instrumental plural)
dzimumorgānā (locative singular)
dzimumorgānos (locative plural)
dzimumorgān (singular vocative)
dzimumorgāni (plural vocative)

From dzimums (“sex, gender”) + orgāns (“organ”).


vagīna

vagīna (nominative singular)
vagīnas (nominative plural)
vagīnas (genitive singular)
vagīnu (genitive plural)
vagīnai (dative singular)
vagīnām (dative plural)
vagīnu (accusative singular)
vagīnas (accusative plural)
vagīnu (instrumental singular)
vagīnām (instrumental plural)
vagīnā (locative singular)
vagīnās (locative plural)
vagīna (singular vocative)
vagīnas (plural vocative)


loceklis

loceklis (nominative singular)
locekļi (nominative plural)
locekļa (genitive singular)
locekļu (genitive plural)
loceklim (dative singular)
locekļiem (dative plural)
locekli (accusative singular)
locekļus (accusative plural)
locekli (instrumental singular)
locekļiem (instrumental plural)
loceklī (locative singular)
locekļos (locative plural)
locekli (singular vocative)
locekļi (plural vocative)


liels

liels (nominative singular)
lieli (nominative plural)
liela (genitive singular)
lielu (genitive plural)
lielam (dative singular)
lieliem (dative plural)
lielu (accusative singular)
lielus (accusative plural)
lielu (instrumental singular)
lieliem (instrumental plural)
lielā (locative singular)
lielos (locative plural)
liel (singular vocative)
lieli (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *lei- (“to bend”), from the stem *el- (“to bend”), whence also elkonis (“elbow”); compare also laiva (“boat”), leja (“valley”). The original meaning was probably “bending, curvature.” A similar semantic development can be seen in Sanskrit आणिः (āṇiḥ, “leg above knee”) (< *arṇí- < *elni-), Armenian ոլոք (olokʻ, “shinbone”) (< *elok- / *olok-). Another suggestion has liels (“shin, calf (of leg)”) be the nominalized form of the adjective liels (“great, large, big”) with intonational change.

tikai nupat viņš sajuta sūrstošas sāpes kreisās kājas lielā

only then did he feel a sharp pain in his left leg's shin

(anatomy) shin (part of the leg from the knee to the ankle; syn. apakšstilbs, stilbs)


ļipa

ļipa (nominative singular)
ļipas (nominative plural)
ļipas (genitive singular)
ļipu (genitive plural)
ļipai (dative singular)
ļipām (dative plural)
ļipu (accusative singular)
ļipas (accusative plural)
ļipu (instrumental singular)
ļipām (instrumental plural)
ļipā (locative singular)
ļipās (locative plural)
ļipa (singular vocative)
ļipas (plural vocative)

Borrowed either from Livonian lip (“weather vane, sheep tail”) or from Estonian lipp, both from Proto-Finnic *lippu.

bor

zaķa ļipa

aitas ļipa

kazas ļipa


acs ābols

acs ābols (nominative singular)
acs āboli (nominative plural)
acs ābola (genitive singular)
acs ābolu (genitive plural)
acs ābolam (dative singular)
acs āboliem (dative plural)
acs ābolu (accusative singular)
acs ābolus (accusative plural)
acs ābolu (instrumental singular)
acs āboliem (instrumental plural)
acs ābolā (locative singular)
acs ābolos (locative plural)
acs ābol (singular vocative)
acs āboli (plural vocative)
acsābols (alternative)

acs ābolā ir četras caurspīdīgas vides: radzene, ūdeņainais šķidrums, lēca un stiklveida ķermenis

the eyeball has four transparent environments: the cornea, the aqueous humor, the (crystlline) lens and the vitreous body (= humor)


tīklene

tīklene (nominative singular)
tīklenes (nominative plural)
tīklenes (genitive singular)
tīkleņu (genitive plural)
tīklenei (dative singular)
tīklenēm (dative plural)
tīkleni (accusative singular)
tīklenes (accusative plural)
tīkleni (instrumental singular)
tīklenēm (instrumental plural)
tīklenē (locative singular)
tīklenēs (locative plural)
tīklene (singular vocative)
tīklenes (plural vocative)

From tīkls (“net”) + -ene, apparently a calque of Latin retina, from Latin rete (“net”). (More at English retina.)


ķermenis

ķermenis (nominative singular)
ķermeņi (nominative plural)
ķermeņa (genitive singular)
ķermeņu (genitive plural)
ķermenim (dative singular)
ķermeņiem (dative plural)
ķermeni (accusative singular)
ķermeņus (accusative plural)
ķermeni (instrumental singular)
ķermeņiem (instrumental plural)
ķermenī (locative singular)
ķermeņos (locative plural)
ķermeni (singular vocative)
ķermeņi (plural vocative)

Introduced by by Atis Kronvalds as a learned borrowing from Old Prussian kērmens (“flesh, body”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”) (see also Proto-Slavic *kora 'bark') to replace the Germanism ķerpers (compare German Körper) used by many other Latvian authors. Kronvalds introduced the word as ķermens; the current form only appeared and became popular in the 20th century.

der

spēcīgs, slaids ķermenis

ķermeņa daļas

ķermeņa garums, lielums

ķermeņa temperatūra

(anatomy) body (of a living being), organism


lēca

lēca (nominative singular)
lēcas (nominative plural)
lēcas (genitive singular)
lēcu (genitive plural)
lēcai (dative singular)
lēcām (dative plural)
lēcu (accusative singular)
lēcas (accusative plural)
lēcu (instrumental singular)
lēcām (instrumental plural)
lēcā (locative singular)
lēcās (locative plural)
lēca (singular vocative)
lēcas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic ляца (ljaca, “lentils”), from Proto-Slavic *lęťa. Because of the roundish, flat seeds of this plant, K. Lībietis used the same word (in 1873) to refer also to the structure inside the eye (crystalline lens), as well as its optical equivalent (lens). In this, he followed the model of German Linse.

lēcas centrālā daļa novietota tieši pretī varavīksnenes atverei

the central part of the (crystalline) lens is located directly in front of the iris opening

(anatomy) (crystalline) lens (part of the eye)


starene

starene (nominative singular)
starenes (nominative plural)
starenes (genitive singular)
stareņu (genitive plural)
starenei (dative singular)
starenēm (dative plural)
stareni (accusative singular)
starenes (accusative plural)
stareni (instrumental singular)
starenēm (instrumental plural)
starenē (locative singular)
starenēs (locative plural)
starene (singular vocative)
starenes (plural vocative)

(anatomy) ciliary body (part of the covering of the eye, which contains the ciliary muscle)


starenes muskulis

starenes muskulis (nominative singular)
starenes muskuļi (nominative plural)
starenes muskuļa (genitive singular)
starenes muskuļu (genitive plural)
starenes muskulim (dative singular)
starenes muskuļiem (dative plural)
starenes muskuli (accusative singular)
starenes muskuļus (accusative plural)
starenes muskuli (instrumental singular)
starenes muskuļiem (instrumental plural)
starenes muskulī (locative singular)
starenes muskuļos (locative plural)
starenes muskuli (singular vocative)
starenes muskuļi (plural vocative)

(anatomy) ciliary muscle (muscle that controls the eye's accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances)


muskulis

muskulis (nominative singular)
muskuļi (nominative plural)
muskuļa (genitive singular)
muskuļu (genitive plural)
muskulim (dative singular)
muskuļiem (dative plural)
muskuli (accusative singular)
muskuļus (accusative plural)
muskuli (instrumental singular)
muskuļiem (instrumental plural)
muskulī (locative singular)
muskuļos (locative plural)
muskuli (singular vocative)
muskuļi (plural vocative)

kāju, kakla, sirds muskulis

savilkt roku muskuļus

muskuļu spēks, masa

sāpes muskuļos

muskuļa iekaisums

muskuļu audi, muskuļaudi

muskuļu šķiedras, muskuļšķiedras


dzimumdziedzeris

dzimumdziedzeris (nominative singular)
dzimumdziedzeri (nominative plural)
dzimumdziedzera (genitive singular)
dzimumdziedzeru (genitive plural)
dzimumdziedzerim (dative singular)
dzimumdziedzeriem (dative plural)
dzimumdziedzeri (accusative singular)
dzimumdziedzerus (accusative plural)
dzimumdziedzeri (instrumental singular)
dzimumdziedzeriem (instrumental plural)
dzimumdziedzerī (locative singular)
dzimumdziedzeros (locative plural)
dzimumdziedzeri (singular vocative)
dzimumdziedzeri (plural vocative)

From dzimums (“sex”) + dziedzeris (“gland”).

(anatomy) gonad (sexual gland; testicles, ovaries)


aizkuņģa dziedzeris

aizkuņģa dziedzeris (nominative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzeri (nominative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzera (genitive singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzeru (genitive plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzerim (dative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzeriem (dative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzeri (accusative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzerus (accusative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzeri (instrumental singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzeriem (instrumental plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzerī (locative singular)
aizkuņģa dziedzeros (locative plural)
aizkuņģa dziedzeri (singular vocative)
aizkuņģa dziedzeri (plural vocative)

aizkuņģa dziedzeris pieaugušam cilvēkam ir 14-18 cm garš

the pancreas of adult people is 14-18 cm long

(anatomy) pancreas (lit. behind-the-stomach gland)


dziedzeris

dziedzeris (nominative singular)
dziedzeri (nominative plural)
dziedzera (genitive singular)
dziedzeru (genitive plural)
dziedzerim (dative singular)
dziedzeriem (dative plural)
dziedzeri (accusative singular)
dziedzerus (accusative plural)
dziedzeri (instrumental singular)
dziedzeriem (instrumental plural)
dziedzerī (locative singular)
dziedzeros (locative plural)
dziedzeri (singular vocative)
dziedzeri (plural vocative)

sviedru dziedzeri

tauku dziedzeri

piena dziedzeri

(anatomy) gland (organ that produces secretions)


mugurējā acs kamera

mugurējā acs kamera (nominative singular)
mugurējās acs kameras (nominative plural)
mugurējās acs kameras (genitive singular)
mugurējo acs kameru (genitive plural)
mugurējajai acs kamerai (dative singular)
mugurējajām acs kamerām (dative plural)
mugurējo acs kameru (accusative singular)
mugurējās acs kameras (accusative plural)
mugurējo acs kameru (instrumental singular)
mugurējajām acs kamerām (instrumental plural)
mugurējajā acs kamerā (locative singular)
mugurējajās acs kamerās (locative plural)
mugurējo acs kamera (singular vocative)
mugurējā acs kamera (singular vocative)
mugurējās acs kameras (plural vocative)

(anatomy) posterior chamber of the eye, between the iris and the lens, filled with aqueous humour


priekšējā acs kamera

priekšējā acs kamera (nominative singular)
priekšējās acs kameras (nominative plural)
priekšējās acs kameras (genitive singular)
priekšējo acs kameru (genitive plural)
priekšējajai acs kamerai (dative singular)
priekšējajām acs kamerām (dative plural)
priekšējo acs kameru (accusative singular)
priekšējās acs kameras (accusative plural)
priekšējo acs kameru (instrumental singular)
priekšējajām acs kamerām (instrumental plural)
priekšējajā acs kamerā (locative singular)
priekšējajās acs kamerās (locative plural)
priekšējo acs kamera (singular vocative)
priekšējā acs kamera (singular vocative)
priekšējās acs kameras (plural vocative)

(anatomy) anterior chamber of the eye, between the iris and the cornea, filled with aqueous humour


ciliārķermenis

ciliārķermenis (nominative singular)
ciliārķermeņi (nominative plural)
ciliārķermeņa (genitive singular)
ciliārķermeņu (genitive plural)
ciliārķermenim (dative singular)
ciliārķermeņiem (dative plural)
ciliārķermeni (accusative singular)
ciliārķermeņus (accusative plural)
ciliārķermeni (instrumental singular)
ciliārķermeņiem (instrumental plural)
ciliārķermenī (locative singular)
ciliārķermeņos (locative plural)
ciliārķermeni (singular vocative)
ciliārķermeņi (plural vocative)

From ciliārs (“ciliary”) + ķermenis (“body”).


acs kamera

acs kamera (nominative singular)
acs kameras (nominative plural)
acs kameras (genitive singular)
acs kameru (genitive plural)
acs kamerai (dative singular)
acs kamerām (dative plural)
acs kameru (accusative singular)
acs kameras (accusative plural)
acs kameru (instrumental singular)
acs kamerām (instrumental plural)
acs kamerā (locative singular)
acs kamerās (locative plural)
acs kamera (singular vocative)
acs kameras (plural vocative)

acs kamerās atrodas viskozs, caurspīdīgs acs kameru šķidrums, kuru izdala starenes asinsvadi

in the eye chambers there is a viscous, transparent eye chamber liquid secreted by the blood vessels of the ciliary body

(anatomy) either of the two eye chambers filled with aqueous humour (the anterior and the posterior chambers)


zīlīte

zīlīte (nominative singular)
zīlītes (nominative plural)
zīlītes (genitive singular)
zīlīšu (genitive plural)
zīlītei (dative singular)
zīlītēm (dative plural)
zīlīti (accusative singular)
zīlītes (accusative plural)
zīlīti (instrumental singular)
zīlītēm (instrumental plural)
zīlītē (locative singular)
zīlītēs (locative plural)
zīlīte (singular vocative)
zīlītes (plural vocative)

sašaurinātas zīlītes

paplašinātas zīlītes

(anatomy) pupil (opening in the iris through which light reaches the retina)


varavīksnene

varavīksnene (nominative singular)
varavīksnenes (nominative plural)
varavīksnenes (genitive singular)
varavīksneņu (genitive plural)
varavīksnenei (dative singular)
varavīksnenēm (dative plural)
varavīksneni (accusative singular)
varavīksnenes (accusative plural)
varavīksneni (instrumental singular)
varavīksnenēm (instrumental plural)
varavīksnenē (locative singular)
varavīksnenēs (locative plural)
varavīksnene (singular vocative)
varavīksnenes (plural vocative)

(anatomy) iris (membrane in the eye, between the cornea and the lens, which regulates the amount of light that reaches the retina)


acs dobums

acs dobums (nominative singular)
acs dobumi (nominative plural)
acs dobuma (genitive singular)
acs dobumu (genitive plural)
acs dobumam (dative singular)
acs dobumiem (dative plural)
acs dobumu (accusative singular)
acs dobumus (accusative plural)
acs dobumu (instrumental singular)
acs dobumiem (instrumental plural)
acs dobumā (locative singular)
acs dobumos (locative plural)
acs dobum (singular vocative)
acs dobumi (plural vocative)

acs dobums jeb orbīta ir veidota no kaula, tajā ieguļ acs ābols, tā saišu un tā palīgmehānismi, asinsvadi un nervi

the eye socket or orbit is made of bone, in it is located the eyeball and its helping mechanisms, blood vessels and nerves

(anatomy) eye socket, orbit (skull cavity that contains the eyeball)


orbīta

orbīta (nominative singular)
orbītas (nominative plural)
orbītas (genitive singular)
orbītu (genitive plural)
orbītai (dative singular)
orbītām (dative plural)
orbītu (accusative singular)
orbītas (accusative plural)
orbītu (instrumental singular)
orbītām (instrumental plural)
orbītā (locative singular)
orbītās (locative plural)
orbīta (singular vocative)
orbītas (plural vocative)

From Latin orbita (“track, path, impression, mark”), from Latin orbis (“ring, circle, world”), itself of uncertain origin.

uder

(anatomy) orbit, eye socket (opening in the skull where the eye fits)


plakstiņš

plakstiņš (nominative singular)
plakstiņi (nominative plural)
plakstiņa (genitive singular)
plakstiņu (genitive plural)
plakstiņam (dative singular)
plakstiņiem (dative plural)
plakstiņu (accusative singular)
plakstiņus (accusative plural)
plakstiņu (instrumental singular)
plakstiņiem (instrumental plural)
plakstiņā (locative singular)
plakstiņos (locative plural)
plakstiņ (singular vocative)
plakstiņi (plural vocative)

From plaksts (“eyelid”) + -iņš (“dim.”).

augšējais, apakšējais plakstiņš

atvērt, aizvērt plakstiņus

piemiegt plakstiņus


plaksts

plaksts (nominative singular)
plaksti (nominative plural)
plaksta (genitive singular)
plakstu (genitive plural)
plakstam (dative singular)
plakstiem (dative plural)
plakstu (accusative singular)
plakstus (accusative plural)
plakstu (instrumental singular)
plakstiem (instrumental plural)
plakstā (locative singular)
plakstos (locative plural)
plakst (singular vocative)
plaksti (plural vocative)


acu vāks

acu vāks (nominative singular)
acu vāki (nominative plural)
acu vāka (genitive singular)
acu vāku (genitive plural)
acu vākam (dative singular)
acu vākiem (dative plural)
acu vāku (accusative singular)
acu vākus (accusative plural)
acu vāku (instrumental singular)
acu vākiem (instrumental plural)
acu vākā (locative singular)
acu vākos (locative plural)
acu vāk (singular vocative)
acu vāki (plural vocative)

jūsu acu vāks ir mitra (gandrīz slapjš)

your eyelid is humid (almost wet) (prior to applying glitter)

(anatomy) eyelid (skin membrane that covers the eye)


radzene

radzene (nominative singular)
radzenes (nominative plural)
radzenes (genitive singular)
radzeņu (genitive plural)
radzenei (dative singular)
radzenēm (dative plural)
radzeni (accusative singular)
radzenes (accusative plural)
radzeni (instrumental singular)
radzenēm (instrumental plural)
radzenē (locative singular)
radzenēs (locative plural)
radzene (singular vocative)
radzenes (plural vocative)

From radze (“protuberance on rock”) + -ene.

radzenes pārstādīšana

radzenes iekaisums

(anatomy) cornea (transparent front part of the eye, covering the iris and the pupil)


Šlemma kanāls

Šlemma kanāls (nominative singular)
Šlemma kanāli (nominative plural)
Šlemma kanāla (genitive singular)
Šlemma kanālu (genitive plural)
Šlemma kanālam (dative singular)
Šlemma kanāliem (dative plural)
Šlemma kanālu (accusative singular)
Šlemma kanālus (accusative plural)
Šlemma kanālu (instrumental singular)
Šlemma kanāliem (instrumental plural)
Šlemma kanālā (locative singular)
Šlemma kanālos (locative plural)
Šlemma kanāl (singular vocative)
Šlemma kanāli (plural vocative)

(anatomy) Schlemm's canal (system for removing excess aqueous humour from the eye's anterior chamber)


starenes saite

starenes saite (nominative singular)
starenes saites (nominative plural)
starenes saites (genitive singular)
starenes saišu (genitive plural)
starenes saitei (dative singular)
starenes saitēm (dative plural)
starenes saiti (accusative singular)
starenes saites (accusative plural)
starenes saiti (instrumental singular)
starenes saitēm (instrumental plural)
starenes saitē (locative singular)
starenes saitēs (locative plural)
starenes saite (singular vocative)
starenes saites (plural vocative)

(anatomy, chiefly in the plural) each fold in the ciliary processes of the eye, with the function of producing aqueous humour


balss saite

balss saite (nominative singular)
balss saites (nominative plural)
balss saites (genitive singular)
balss saišu (genitive plural)
balss saitei (dative singular)
balss saitēm (dative plural)
balss saiti (accusative singular)
balss saites (accusative plural)
balss saiti (instrumental singular)
balss saitēm (instrumental plural)
balss saitē (locative singular)
balss saitēs (locative plural)
balss saite (singular vocative)
balss saites (plural vocative)

(anatomy, chiefly in the plural) vocal cords (each of the two fold of tissue in the larynx that vibrate with the outgoing airstream and produce speech sounds)


saite

saite (nominative singular)
saites (nominative plural)
saites (genitive singular)
saišu (genitive plural)
saitei (dative singular)
saitēm (dative plural)
saiti (accusative singular)
saites (accusative plural)
saiti (instrumental singular)
saitēm (instrumental plural)
saitē (locative singular)
saitēs (locative plural)
saite (singular vocative)
saites (plural vocative)

Balto-Slavic cognates include Lithuanian siẽtas, sai̇̃tas, Old Prussian saytan, Proto-Slavic *sitъ.

balss saites

nabas saite


dzemde

dzemde (nominative singular)
dzemdes (nominative plural)
dzemdes (genitive singular)
dzemžu (genitive plural)
dzemdei (dative singular)
dzemdēm (dative plural)
dzemdi (accusative singular)
dzemdes (accusative plural)
dzemdi (instrumental singular)
dzemdēm (instrumental plural)
dzemdē (locative singular)
dzemdēs (locative plural)
dzemde (singular vocative)
dzemdes (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *gem-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- (“to go, to come, to step”); compare dzemdēt (“to give birth”) (q.v.). From the zero grade form *gʷm̥- comes Latvian dzimt (“to be born”) (q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian gimda.

dzemdes dobums

dzemdes kakls


dzemdes kakls

dzemdes kakls (nominative singular)
dzemdes kakli (nominative plural)
dzemdes kakla (genitive singular)
dzemdes kaklu (genitive plural)
dzemdes kaklam (dative singular)
dzemdes kakliem (dative plural)
dzemdes kaklu (accusative singular)
dzemdes kaklus (accusative plural)
dzemdes kaklu (instrumental singular)
dzemdes kakliem (instrumental plural)
dzemdes kaklā (locative singular)
dzemdes kaklos (locative plural)
dzemdes kakl (singular vocative)
dzemdes kakli (plural vocative)

From dzemde (“uterus”) and kakls (“neck”), literally 'uterus neck'.


rīkle

rīkle (nominative singular)
rīkles (nominative plural)
rīkles (genitive singular)
rīkļu (genitive plural)
rīklei (dative singular)
rīklēm (dative plural)
rīkli (accusative singular)
rīkles (accusative plural)
rīkli (instrumental singular)
rīklēm (instrumental plural)
rīklē (locative singular)
rīklēs (locative plural)
rīkle (singular vocative)
rīkles (plural vocative)

kliegt, brēkt pilnā rīklē, kaklā

to scream in full throat, neck (= very loud)

skaļa rīkle


dzīslene

dzīslene (nominative singular)
dzīslenes (nominative plural)
dzīslenes (genitive singular)
dzīsleņu (genitive plural)
dzīslenei (dative singular)
dzīslenēm (dative plural)
dzīsleni (accusative singular)
dzīslenes (accusative plural)
dzīsleni (instrumental singular)
dzīslenēm (instrumental plural)
dzīslenē (locative singular)
dzīslenēs (locative plural)
dzīslene (singular vocative)
dzīslenes (plural vocative)

Apparently, from dzīsla (“vein”) + -ene.

(anatomy) choroid (vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera)


dzīsla

dzīsla (nominative singular)
dzīslas (nominative plural)
dzīslas (genitive singular)
dzīslu (genitive plural)
dzīslai (dative singular)
dzīslām (dative plural)
dzīslu (accusative singular)
dzīslas (accusative plural)
dzīslu (instrumental singular)
dzīslām (instrumental plural)
dzīslā (locative singular)
dzīslās (locative plural)
dzīsla (singular vocative)
dzīslas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *gīsla, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gīˀ(s)lāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷiH- (“bow-string, string”) or *gʷʰíH(s)leh₂. Karulis instead connects the word to Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”).
Cognates
Cognates include Lithuanian gýsla, the second half of Old Prussian pettegislo (“back vein”) (cf. pette (“back”)), Proto-Slavic *gislā, *žila (Russian жи́ла (žíla, “vein, tendon”), Ukrainian жи́ла (žýla), Belarusian жы́ла (žýla), Bulgarian жи́ла (žíla), Czech žíla, Polish żyła), Latin filum (< *gʷʰislom < *gʷiHleh₂) “thread, yarn, fiber, tendon, vein”.

cog

asinis rit dzīslās

mūsu dzīslas ne jau ūdens silts, / karstas asinis ar sirdi runā

in our blood vessels not cold water, / but hot blood speaks with the heart

es sastiepu kājas dzīslu

zemnieks brīnīdamies staipīja savus neveiklos, sastrādātos pirkstus, dzīslas džerkstēja ar nepatīkam skaņu

with wonderment, the peasant stretched his clumsy, overworked fingers, (his) tendons producing an unpleasant noise

(anatomy) sinew, tendon (fibrous tissue connecting a muscle to its bone)


cīpsla

cīpsla (nominative singular)
cīpslas (nominative plural)
cīpslas (genitive singular)
cīpslu (genitive plural)
cīpslai (dative singular)
cīpslām (dative plural)
cīpslu (accusative singular)
cīpslas (accusative plural)
cīpslu (instrumental singular)
cīpslām (instrumental plural)
cīpslā (locative singular)
cīpslās (locative plural)
cīpsla (singular vocative)
cīpslas (plural vocative)

muskuļu cīpslas

cīpslu pārrāvums

(anatomy) tendon, sinew (fibrous tissue connecting a muscle to its bone)


artērija

artērija (nominative singular)
artērijas (nominative plural)
artērijas (genitive singular)
artēriju (genitive plural)
artērijai (dative singular)
artērijām (dative plural)
artēriju (accusative singular)
artērijas (accusative plural)
artēriju (instrumental singular)
artērijām (instrumental plural)
artērijā (locative singular)
artērijās (locative plural)
artērija (singular vocative)
artērijas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin artēria, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀρτηρία (artēría, “windpipe, artery”).

uder

plaušu artērija

deniņu artērija

miega artērija

artēriju sienas, sieniņas

no kreisā sirds kambara asinis nonāk vislielākajā asinsvadā: aortā, kura sazarojas arvien sīkākās artērijās

from the left ventricule the blood goes into the biggest blood vessel: the aorta, which then branches off into increasingly smaller arteries

(anatomy) artery (blood vessel taking oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body)


asinsvads

asinsvads (nominative singular)
asinsvadi (nominative plural)
asinsvada (genitive singular)
asinsvadu (genitive plural)
asinsvadam (dative singular)
asinsvadiem (dative plural)
asinsvadu (accusative singular)
asinsvadus (accusative plural)
asinsvadu (instrumental singular)
asinsvadiem (instrumental plural)
asinsvadā (locative singular)
asinsvados (locative plural)
asinsvad (singular vocative)
asinsvadi (plural vocative)

sirds, ādas asinsvadi

asinsvadu sistēma

asinsvadu audzēji

(anatomy, chiefly in the plural) blood vessels


barības vads

barības vads (nominative singular)
barības vadi (nominative plural)
barības vada (genitive singular)
barības vadu (genitive plural)
barības vadam (dative singular)
barības vadiem (dative plural)
barības vadu (accusative singular)
barības vadus (accusative plural)
barības vadu (instrumental singular)
barības vadiem (instrumental plural)
barības vadā (locative singular)
barības vados (locative plural)
barības vad (singular vocative)
barības vadi (plural vocative)

(anatomy) oesophagus (tube carrying food from the pharynx to the stomach)


vēna

vēna (nominative singular)
vēnas (nominative plural)
vēnas (genitive singular)
vēnu (genitive plural)
vēnai (dative singular)
vēnām (dative plural)
vēnu (accusative singular)
vēnas (accusative plural)
vēnu (instrumental singular)
vēnām (instrumental plural)
vēnā (locative singular)
vēnās (locative plural)
vēna (singular vocative)
vēnas (plural vocative)

vēnu iekaisums

vēnu vārstuļi

vēnu operācija

ievadīt vēnā glikozi

(anatomy) vein (a blood vessel that transports deoxygenated blood back to the heart)


balsene

balsene (nominative singular)
balsenes (nominative plural)
balsenes (genitive singular)
balseņu (genitive plural)
balsenei (dative singular)
balsenēm (dative plural)
balseni (accusative singular)
balsenes (accusative plural)
balseni (instrumental singular)
balsenēm (instrumental plural)
balsenē (locative singular)
balsenēs (locative plural)
balsene (singular vocative)
balsenes (plural vocative)

A term coined in the second half of the 18th century by by Kaspars Biezbārdis from balss (“voice”) + -ene.

balsenes dobums

balsenes sienas

balsenes iekaisums

(anatomy) larynx (organ that houses the vocal cords)


mugura

mugura (nominative singular)
muguras (nominative plural)
muguras (genitive singular)
muguru (genitive plural)
mugurai (dative singular)
mugurām (dative plural)
muguru (accusative singular)
muguras (accusative plural)
muguru (instrumental singular)
mugurām (instrumental plural)
mugurā (locative singular)
mugurās (locative plural)
mugura (singular vocative)
muguras (plural vocative)

taisna, sakumpusi mugura

pagriezt citiem muguru

peldēt uz muguras

vilkt kleitu mugurā

to pull a dress on one's back (= to put it on)

sēdēt zirga mugurā

(anatomy) back (rear body from neck to loins)


sklēra

sklēra (nominative singular)
sklēras (nominative plural)
sklēras (genitive singular)
sklēru (genitive plural)
sklērai (dative singular)
sklērām (dative plural)
sklēru (accusative singular)
sklēras (accusative plural)
sklēru (instrumental singular)
sklērām (instrumental plural)
sklērā (locative singular)
sklērās (locative plural)
sklēra (singular vocative)
sklēras (plural vocative)

sklēra iekaisums

(anatomy) sclera (the white of the eye; membrane which covers the eyeball except for the cornea)


cīpslene

cīpslene (nominative singular)
cīpslenes (nominative plural)
cīpslenes (genitive singular)
cīpsleņu (genitive plural)
cīpslenei (dative singular)
cīpslenēm (dative plural)
cīpsleni (accusative singular)
cīpslenes (accusative plural)
cīpsleni (instrumental singular)
cīpslenēm (instrumental plural)
cīpslenē (locative singular)
cīpslenēs (locative plural)
cīpslene (singular vocative)
cīpslenes (plural vocative)

cīpslenes iekaisums

(anatomy) sclera (the white of the eye; membrane which covers the eyeball except for the cornea))


elpvads

elpvads (nominative singular)
elpvadi (nominative plural)
elpvada (genitive singular)
elpvadu (genitive plural)
elpvadam (dative singular)
elpvadiem (dative plural)
elpvadu (accusative singular)
elpvadus (accusative plural)
elpvadu (instrumental singular)
elpvadiem (instrumental plural)
elpvadā (locative singular)
elpvados (locative plural)
elpvad (singular vocative)
elpvadi (plural vocative)

elpvada iekaisums

(anatomy) windpipe, airway, trachea (tube connecting the larynx to the lungs)


traheja

traheja (nominative singular)
trahejas (nominative plural)
trahejas (genitive singular)
traheju (genitive plural)
trahejai (dative singular)
trahejām (dative plural)
traheju (accusative singular)
trahejas (accusative plural)
traheju (instrumental singular)
trahejām (instrumental plural)
trahejā (locative singular)
trahejās (locative plural)
traheja (singular vocative)
trahejas (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek τραχεῖα (trakheîa, “windpipe”), probably borrowed via another European language.

der

trahejas iekaisums

trahejas siena


uzbalsenis

uzbalsenis (nominative singular)
uzbalseņi (nominative plural)
uzbalseņa (genitive singular)
uzbalseņu (genitive plural)
uzbalsenim (dative singular)
uzbalseņiem (dative plural)
uzbalseni (accusative singular)
uzbalseņus (accusative plural)
uzbalseni (instrumental singular)
uzbalseņiem (instrumental plural)
uzbalsenī (locative singular)
uzbalseņos (locative plural)
uzbalseni (singular vocative)
uzbalseņi (plural vocative)

From uz- (“on, over”) + balss (“voice”) + -enis, i.e., that which is above the balsene (“larynx”), clearly a calque of New Latin epiglottis, from Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “upon, over”) and γλῶττα, γλῶσσα (glôtta, glôssa, “tongue”) (with a masculine ending).

confix

(anatomy) epiglottis (moving organ that separates the trachea from the oesophagus)


kamiesis

kamiesis (nominative singular)
kamieši (nominative plural)
kamieša (genitive singular)
kamiešu (genitive plural)
kamiesim (dative singular)
kamiešiem (dative plural)
kamiesi (accusative singular)
kamiešus (accusative plural)
kamiesi (instrumental singular)
kamiešiem (instrumental plural)
kamiesī (locative singular)
kamiešos (locative plural)
kamiesi (singular vocative)
kamieši (plural vocative)

pacelt nastu uz kamiešiem

to lift a burden on (= from) one's shoulders


olnīca

olnīca (nominative singular)
olnīcas (nominative plural)
olnīcas (genitive singular)
olnīcu (genitive plural)
olnīcai (dative singular)
olnīcām (dative plural)
olnīcu (accusative singular)
olnīcas (accusative plural)
olnīcu (instrumental singular)
olnīcām (instrumental plural)
olnīcā (locative singular)
olnīcās (locative plural)
olnīca (singular vocative)
olnīcas (plural vocative)

sievetes olnīcas

(anatomy, usually plural: olnīcas) ovary (the organ that produces ova in a woman, or in other female mammals)


peža

peža (nominative singular)
pežas (nominative plural)
pežas (genitive singular)
pežu (genitive plural)
pežai (dative singular)
pežām (dative plural)
pežu (accusative singular)
pežas (accusative plural)
pežu (instrumental singular)
pežām (instrumental plural)
pežā (locative singular)
pežās (locative plural)
peža (singular vocative)
pežas (plural vocative)

(anatomy) (vulgar slang) vagina; pussy, cunt


mazais pirkstiņš

mazais pirkstiņš (nominative singular)
mazie pirkstiņi (nominative plural)
mazā pirkstiņa (genitive singular)
mazo pirkstiņu (genitive plural)
mazajam pirkstiņam (dative singular)
mazajiem pirkstiņiem (dative plural)
mazo pirkstiņu (accusative singular)
mazos pirkstiņus (accusative plural)
mazo pirkstiņu (instrumental singular)
mazajiem pirkstiņiem (instrumental plural)
mazajā pirkstiņā (locative singular)
mazajos pirkstiņos (locative plural)
mazo pirkstiņ (singular vocative)
mazais pirkstiņ (singular vocative)
mazie pirkstiņi (plural vocative)

From pirksts (“finger”) + -iņš (“dim.”), with the adjective mazs (“small”) in its masculine definite form mazais.

(anatomy) little finger, pinky (the fifth, and smallest, finger)


īkšķis

īkšķis (nominative singular)
īkšķi (nominative plural)
īkšķa (genitive singular)
īkšķu (genitive plural)
īkšķim (dative singular)
īkšķiem (dative plural)
īkšķi (accusative singular)
īkšķus (accusative plural)
īkšķi (instrumental singular)
īkšķiem (instrumental plural)
īkšķī (locative singular)
īkšķos (locative plural)
īkšķi (singular vocative)
īkšķi (plural vocative)

Cognate with Lithuanian nykštys, Old Prussian instixs. See the Lithuanian term for details.

(anatomy) thumb (short, thick, opposable finger)


zeltnesis

zeltnesis (nominative singular)
zeltneši (nominative plural)
zeltneša (genitive singular)
zeltnešu (genitive plural)
zeltnesim (dative singular)
zeltnešiem (dative plural)
zeltnesi (accusative singular)
zeltnešus (accusative plural)
zeltnesi (instrumental singular)
zeltnešiem (instrumental plural)
zeltnesī (locative singular)
zeltnešos (locative plural)
zeltnesi (singular vocative)
zeltneši (plural vocative)

(anatomy) ring finger (the fourth finger, the one before the little finger)


vidējais pirksts

vidējais pirksts (nominative singular)
vidējie pirksti (nominative plural)
vidējā pirksta (genitive singular)
vidējo pirkstu (genitive plural)
vidējajam pirkstam (dative singular)
vidējajiem pirkstiem (dative plural)
vidējo pirkstu (accusative singular)
vidējos pirkstus (accusative plural)
vidējo pirkstu (instrumental singular)
vidējajiem pirkstiem (instrumental plural)
vidējajā pirkstā (locative singular)
vidējajos pirkstos (locative plural)
vidējo pirkst (singular vocative)
vidējais pirkst (singular vocative)
vidējie pirksti (plural vocative)


rādītājpirksts

rādītājpirksts (nominative singular)
rādītājpirksti (nominative plural)
rādītājpirksta (genitive singular)
rādītājpirkstu (genitive plural)
rādītājpirkstam (dative singular)
rādītājpirkstiem (dative plural)
rādītājpirkstu (accusative singular)
rādītājpirkstus (accusative plural)
rādītājpirkstu (instrumental singular)
rādītājpirkstiem (instrumental plural)
rādītājpirkstā (locative singular)
rādītājpirkstos (locative plural)
rādītājpirkst (singular vocative)
rādītājpirksti (plural vocative)
rādītāja pirksts (alternative)

From rādītāja (“showing[gen.]”) + pirksts (“finger”) (with rādītāja being the genitive singular form of rādītājs, from rādīt (“to show”) + -ājs (“-er”)).

compound

(anatomy) index finger (the finger next to the thumb)


dibens

dibens (nominative singular)
dibeni (nominative plural)
dibena (genitive singular)
dibenu (genitive plural)
dibenam (dative singular)
dibeniem (dative plural)
dibenu (accusative singular)
dibenus (accusative plural)
dibenu (instrumental singular)
dibeniem (instrumental plural)
dibenā (locative singular)
dibenos (locative plural)
diben (singular vocative)
dibeni (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dubna, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰubʰnóm.

uzdot bērnam pa dibenu

(anatomy) behind, bottom (rear lower part of the human body)


spilvens

spilvens (nominative singular)
spilveni (nominative plural)
spilvena (genitive singular)
spilvenu (genitive plural)
spilvenam (dative singular)
spilveniem (dative plural)
spilvenu (accusative singular)
spilvenus (accusative plural)
spilvenu (instrumental singular)
spilveniem (instrumental plural)
spilvenā (locative singular)
spilvenos (locative plural)
spilven (singular vocative)
spilveni (plural vocative)
spilvēns (alternative)
spilvenis (alternative)
spilvins (alternative)
spalvenis (alternative)

From spilve (“cottongrass”) + -ens (ultimately from the same stem as spalva), apparently because pillows were made with it.

talku spilvens

(anatomy) a soft, usually relatively thick, formation in an organism


acs baltums

acs baltums (nominative singular)
acs baltumi (nominative plural)
acs baltuma (genitive singular)
acs baltumu (genitive plural)
acs baltumam (dative singular)
acs baltumiem (dative plural)
acs baltumu (accusative singular)
acs baltumus (accusative plural)
acs baltumu (instrumental singular)
acs baltumiem (instrumental plural)
acs baltumā (locative singular)
acs baltumos (locative plural)
acs baltum (singular vocative)
acs baltumi (plural vocative)

apsārtis acs baltums

reddish white of the eye, eye redness (= hemorrhage)

implants tiek ievietots uz acs baltuma

the implant was placed on the white of the eye

(anatomy) white of the eye, sclera (outer layer that covers the eyeball except the cornea)


spārns

spārns (nominative singular)
spārni (nominative plural)
spārna (genitive singular)
spārnu (genitive plural)
spārnam (dative singular)
spārniem (dative plural)
spārnu (accusative singular)
spārnus (accusative plural)
spārnu (instrumental singular)
spārniem (instrumental plural)
spārnā (locative singular)
spārnos (locative plural)
spārn (singular vocative)
spārni (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *sparnas (with lengthening of the *a), from Proto-Indo-European *sper-no- (“wing”), from the stem *per-, *sper- (with s-mobile; or else the /s/ may result from the influence of the stem *sper- (“to twitch, to flicker”)), perhaps meaning originally “over (away from)”, then “carry (away)”, “fly (away)”. Cognates include Lithuanian spar̃nas, Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “feather”), Russian перо́ (peró), Ukrainian перо́ (peró), Bulgarian перо́ (peró), Upper Sorbian pjero, German Farn, English fern, Hittite [script needed] (partau̯ar, “feather”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “feather; leaf”).

cog

putna, tauriņa, sienāža spārns

a bird's, butterfly's, grasshopper's wing

izplest spārnus

sakļaust spārnus

spārnu vēzieni

(anatomy, of birds, insects, bats) wing (one of a pair of flight organs)


topogrāfija

topogrāfija (nominative singular)
topogrāfijas (genitive singular)
topogrāfijai (dative singular)
topogrāfiju (accusative singular)
topogrāfiju (instrumental singular)
topogrāfijā (locative singular)
topogrāfija (singular vocative)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Latin topographia, from Ancient Greek τοπογραφία (topographía), from τόπος (tópos, “place”) and γράφω (gráphō, “I write”) + -ija.

pakāpeniski noskaidrojas dažādu smadzeņu garozas un zemgarozas apvidu topogrāfija

the topography of various brain cortex and subcortex areas became gradually clear

(anatomy) topography (the relative positions of organs and tissues in a given area of the body)


ūsa

ūsa (nominative singular)
ūsas (nominative plural)
ūsas (genitive singular)
ūsu (genitive plural)
ūsai (dative singular)
ūsām (dative plural)
ūsu (accusative singular)
ūsas (accusative plural)
ūsu (instrumental singular)
ūsām (instrumental plural)
ūsā (locative singular)
ūsās (locative plural)
ūsa (singular vocative)
ūsas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic усъ (usŭ, “moustache, beard”) (compare Russian усы́ (usý, “moustache”)). The word apparently entered the language in the 18th century, at first mostly in more Eastern dialects: at the beginning of the 19th century, it was still little known in northern Vidzeme. By the mid-19th century, however, it had become more widely known, albeit with variations (ūse, ūsi, ūsas). The form ūsas became stable only at the end of the 19th century.

bor

sams sāka peldēt: liela galva, garās ūsas, tumša mugura

the catfish started swimming: big head, long barbels, dark back

ja prusakiem tiek zaudēta kāja vai ūsa, kukainis to spēj ataudzēt

if cockroaches lose a leg or an antenna, the insect can regenerate it, grow it again

barbels, antennae (hair-like feeler organ on fish, insects, etc.)


topogrāfisks

head

topogrāfisks (definite topogrāfiskais, adverb topogrāfiski)

topogrāfiskais (definite)
topogrāfiski (adverb)
topogrāfisks (masculine nominative singular)
topogrāfiski (masculine nominative plural)
topogrāfiska (feminine nominative singular)
topogrāfiskas (feminine nominative plural)
topogrāfiska (genitive masculine singular)
topogrāfisku (genitive masculine plural)
topogrāfiskas (feminine genitive singular)
topogrāfisku (feminine genitive plural)
topogrāfiskam (dative masculine singular)
topogrāfiskiem (dative masculine plural)
topogrāfiskai (dative feminine singular)
topogrāfiskām (dative feminine plural)
topogrāfisku (accusative masculine singular)
topogrāfiskus (accusative masculine plural)
topogrāfisku (accusative feminine singular)
topogrāfiskas (accusative feminine plural)
topogrāfisku (instrumental masculine singular)
topogrāfiskiem (instrumental masculine plural)
topogrāfisku (feminine instrumental singular)
topogrāfiskām (feminine instrumental plural)
topogrāfiskā (locative masculine singular)
topogrāfiskos (locative masculine plural)
topogrāfiskā (feminine locative singular)
topogrāfiskās (feminine locative plural)
topogrāfiskais (masculine nominative singular)
topogrāfiskie (masculine nominative plural)
topogrāfiskā (feminine nominative singular)
topogrāfiskās (feminine nominative plural)
topogrāfiskā (genitive masculine singular)
topogrāfisko (genitive masculine plural)
topogrāfiskās (feminine genitive singular)
topogrāfisko (feminine genitive plural)
topogrāfiskajam (dative masculine singular)
topogrāfiskajiem (dative masculine plural)
topogrāfiskajai (dative feminine singular)
topogrāfiskajām (dative feminine plural)
topogrāfisko (accusative masculine singular)
topogrāfiskos (accusative masculine plural)
topogrāfisko (accusative feminine singular)
topogrāfiskās (accusative feminine plural)
topogrāfisko (instrumental masculine singular)
topogrāfiskajiem (instrumental masculine plural)
topogrāfisko (feminine instrumental singular)
topogrāfiskajām (feminine instrumental plural)
topogrāfiskajā (locative masculine singular)
topogrāfiskajos (locative masculine plural)
topogrāfiskajā (feminine locative singular)
topogrāfiskajās (feminine locative plural)
topogrāfisko (masculine singular vocative)
topogrāfiskais (masculine singular vocative)
topogrāfiskie (masculine plural vocative)
topogrāfisko (feminine singular vocative)
topogrāfiskā (feminine singular vocative)
topogrāfiskās (feminine plural vocative)

From topogrāfija (“topography”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

topogrāfiska anatomija

(anatomy) topographic (relating to the relative position of organs and tissues in the body)


anatomisks

anatomisks (definite anatomiskais, adverb anatomiski)

anatomiskais (definite)
anatomiski (adverb)
anatomisks (masculine nominative singular)
anatomiski (masculine nominative plural)
anatomiska (feminine nominative singular)
anatomiskas (feminine nominative plural)
anatomiska (genitive masculine singular)
anatomisku (genitive masculine plural)
anatomiskas (feminine genitive singular)
anatomisku (feminine genitive plural)
anatomiskam (dative masculine singular)
anatomiskiem (dative masculine plural)
anatomiskai (dative feminine singular)
anatomiskām (dative feminine plural)
anatomisku (accusative masculine singular)
anatomiskus (accusative masculine plural)
anatomisku (accusative feminine singular)
anatomiskas (accusative feminine plural)
anatomisku (instrumental masculine singular)
anatomiskiem (instrumental masculine plural)
anatomisku (feminine instrumental singular)
anatomiskām (feminine instrumental plural)
anatomiskā (locative masculine singular)
anatomiskos (locative masculine plural)
anatomiskā (feminine locative singular)
anatomiskās (feminine locative plural)
anatomiskais (masculine nominative singular)
anatomiskie (masculine nominative plural)
anatomiskā (feminine nominative singular)
anatomiskās (feminine nominative plural)
anatomiskā (genitive masculine singular)
anatomisko (genitive masculine plural)
anatomiskās (feminine genitive singular)
anatomisko (feminine genitive plural)
anatomiskajam (dative masculine singular)
anatomiskajiem (dative masculine plural)
anatomiskajai (dative feminine singular)
anatomiskajām (dative feminine plural)
anatomisko (accusative masculine singular)
anatomiskos (accusative masculine plural)
anatomisko (accusative feminine singular)
anatomiskās (accusative feminine plural)
anatomisko (instrumental masculine singular)
anatomiskajiem (instrumental masculine plural)
anatomisko (feminine instrumental singular)
anatomiskajām (feminine instrumental plural)
anatomiskajā (locative masculine singular)
anatomiskajos (locative masculine plural)
anatomiskajā (feminine locative singular)
anatomiskajās (feminine locative plural)
anatomisko (masculine singular vocative)
anatomiskais (masculine singular vocative)
anatomiskie (masculine plural vocative)
anatomisko (feminine singular vocative)
anatomiskā (feminine singular vocative)
anatomiskās (feminine plural vocative)

From anatomija (“anatomy”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

anatomiskās atšķirības

anatomiskās izmaiņas

anatomiskais muzejs

dzīvnieku anatomiskā uzbūve

anatomic, anatomical (relating to anatomy)


anatoms

lv-noun

anatoms m (1st declension, feminine form: anatome)

anatome (feminine)
anatoms (nominative singular)
anatomi (nominative plural)
anatoma (genitive singular)
anatomu (genitive plural)
anatomam (dative singular)
anatomiem (dative plural)
anatomu (accusative singular)
anatomus (accusative plural)
anatomu (instrumental singular)
anatomiem (instrumental plural)
anatomā (locative singular)
anatomos (locative plural)
anatom (singular vocative)
anatomi (plural vocative)

anatomam visnoderīgākais pētīšanas materiāls ir anatomisks preparāts

the anatomist's most useful research material is the anatomic preparation

(male) anatomist (a specialist in anatomy)


anatome

anatome f (5th declension, masculine form: anatoms)

anatoms (masculine)
anatome (nominative singular)
anatomes (nominative plural)
anatomes (genitive singular)
anatomju (genitive plural)
anatomei (dative singular)
anatomēm (dative plural)
anatomi (accusative singular)
anatomes (accusative plural)
anatomi (instrumental singular)
anatomēm (instrumental plural)
anatomē (locative singular)
anatomēs (locative plural)
anatome (singular vocative)
anatomes (plural vocative)

From anatoms (“anatomist”) + -e (“fem.”).

7.jūlijā pirms 85 gadiem dzimusi anatome un medicīnas redaktore Janīna Danusēviča

85 years ago, on July 7th, Janīna Danusēviča, anatomist and medical editor, was born

(female) anatomist (a specialist in anatomy)


kuņģis

kuņģis (nominative singular)
kuņģi (nominative plural)
kuņģa (genitive singular)
kuņģu (genitive plural)
kuņģim (dative singular)
kuņģiem (dative plural)
kuņģi (accusative singular)
kuņģus (accusative plural)
kuņģi (instrumental singular)
kuņģiem (instrumental plural)
kuņģī (locative singular)
kuņģos (locative plural)
kuņģi (singular vocative)
kuņģi (plural vocative)

From Latvian dialectal from guņģis (“belly”) by dissimilation, from Proto-Indo-European *geng- (“lump”), from the stem *gen- (“to squeeze, to make (something) round”). See also Latvian dziedzeris (“gland”).

cilvēka kuņģis

kuņģa siena

kuņģa sula

kuņģa slimība

kuņģa čūla, jēlums

(anatomy) stomach (extension of the digestive tract between the oesophagus and the small intestine)


klitors

klitors (nominative singular)
klitori (nominative plural)
klitora (genitive singular)
klitoru (genitive plural)
klitoram (dative singular)
klitoriem (dative plural)
klitoru (accusative singular)
klitorus (accusative plural)
klitoru (instrumental singular)
klitoriem (instrumental plural)
klitorā (locative singular)
klitoros (locative plural)
klitor (singular vocative)
klitori (plural vocative)

Via some other European language, ultimately from Ancient Greek κλειτορίς (kleitorís), a diminutive of uncertain origin, probably from κλείω (kleíō, “I sheathe, shut”), in reference to its being covered by the labia minora.

sievietes, sieviešu klitors

mazs, liels klitors

klitora stimulēšana

klitora erekcija un orgasms

kā atrast sievietes klitoru?

(anatomy) clitoris (female organ of sexual stimulation, situated on the upper part of the labia majora)


kuteklis

kuteklis (nominative singular)
kutekļi (nominative plural)
kutekļa (genitive singular)
kutekļu (genitive plural)
kuteklim (dative singular)
kutekļiem (dative plural)
kutekli (accusative singular)
kutekļus (accusative plural)
kutekli (instrumental singular)
kutekļiem (instrumental plural)
kuteklī (locative singular)
kutekļos (locative plural)
kutekli (singular vocative)
kutekļi (plural vocative)

From kut(ēt) (“to tickle”) + -eklis. The sense of "clitoris" is analogous to, and possibly calqued from, German Kitzler (compare also Dutch kittelaar).

kaunums, kuteklis un jaunavības plēve

kuteklis ir pati jutīgākā sievietes ķermeņa daļa

the clitoris, clit is the most sensitive part of a woman's body

(anatomy, colloquial) clitoris, clit (female organ of sexual stimulation, situated on the upper part of the labia majora)


elkonis

elkonis (nominative singular)
elkoņi (nominative plural)
elkoņa (genitive singular)
elkoņu (genitive plural)
elkonim (dative singular)
elkoņiem (dative plural)
elkoni (accusative singular)
elkoņus (accusative plural)
elkoni (instrumental singular)
elkoņiem (instrumental plural)
elkonī (locative singular)
elkoņos (locative plural)
elkoni (singular vocative)
elkoņi (plural vocative)
elkons (alternative)
elkone (alternative)
elkūne (alternative)

From Latvian dialectal elks (“bend, angle”) + -onis, from Proto-Baltic *elk-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *alk, from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“to bend”), with an extra k.
Cognates include Lithuanian alkū́nė (“elbow; bend”), dialectal elkū́nė, Old Prussian alkunis ([alkūnis]), Proto-Slavic *olkъtь (Old Church Slavonic лакъть (lakŭtĭ), Russian ло́коть (lókotʹ), Czech loket, Polish lokieć), Old Irish aleina, Old High German elina, German Ellenbogen, Dutch elleboog, English elbow, Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē), Latin ulna (“elbow, arm”) (< *olinā-), Old Armenian ողն (ołn, “back, spine”), ուլն (uln, “neck”), Hittite alkištan-.

atspiesties uz elkoņiem

paņemt pie elkoņa

piegrūst ar elkoni

(anatomy) elbow (joint connecting the upper and lower arm and the adjacent region)


dzelonis

dzelonis (nominative singular)
dzeloņi (nominative plural)
dzeloņa (genitive singular)
dzeloņu (genitive plural)
dzelonim (dative singular)
dzeloņiem (dative plural)
dzeloni (accusative singular)
dzeloņus (accusative plural)
dzeloni (instrumental singular)
dzeloņiem (instrumental plural)
dzelonī (locative singular)
dzeloņos (locative plural)
dzeloni (singular vocative)
dzeloņi (plural vocative)

bites, lapsenes dzelonis

izraut bites dzeloni no pirksta

to pull out a bee sting from (one's) finger

skorpioni nekož, bet dzeļ ar ķermeņa astes galā atrodošos dzeloni

scorpions don't bite, (they) sting with a sting located at the end of their tail

sting, stinger (attack organ in some insects and arachnids with which poison is injected)

Līzei kā sīks dzelonis sirdī iedūra novērojums, ka pirmām kārtām pie galda sēdināja turīgos saimniekus

the observation that they had seated the rich landowners at the best places at the table pierced Līze's heart like a small sting

viņa no Balodienes nebija dzirdējusi neviena vārda, kurš nebūtu bijis bez dzeloņiem

she hadn't heard a single word from Balodiene, which wouldn't have been without stings

Zenta brālim šad tad iedzēla ar savu greizsirdības dzeloni

Zenta stung (her) brother every now and then with the sting of her jealousy

(figuratively, of thoughts, words, behavior) which offends, hurts one's feelings

dzeloņstieple, dzeloņu stieple

pārbaudījis uz pirksta āķa dzeloņa asumu, makšķernieks uzmauc siļķes gabaliņu

having checked on (his) finger the sharpness of the hook's prick / tip, the fisherman put on (it) a piece of herring

(usually in the plural) prickle, barb (needle-like protuberance(s) on certain objects)


mēle

mēle (nominative singular)
mēles (nominative plural)
mēles (genitive singular)
mēļu (genitive plural)
mēlei (dative singular)
mēlēm (dative plural)
mēli (accusative singular)
mēles (accusative plural)
mēli (instrumental singular)
mēlēm (instrumental plural)
mēlē (locative singular)
mēlēs (locative plural)
mēle (singular vocative)
mēles (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *mel-, from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to hit, to push, to crush, to grind”) (whence also Latvian malt (“to grind”), q.v.; see also meli (“lies”)). The original meaning was apparently “(organ) used for pushing, grinding (food, in the mouth)”. Cognates include Lithuanian melekė̃lis (“uvula”), Russian dialectal ме́ля (mélja, “chatterbox, chatty person”).

der

mēles ķermenis, muskuļi

mēles galotne

mēles galiņš

mēles sakne

mēles muguriņa

rādīt mēli

kaķis lok pienu ar mēli

laizīt ar mēli

mēli kļuvusi stīva, nevar parunā

abiem mutes bija sausas, un viņi pārtrauca sarunas, lai mazliet sakrātu siekalas uz mēles

both of them had dry mouths, and they stopped the conversation in order to save some saliva on (their) tongues

latviešu valodā izšķir augsta, vidēja un zema mēles pacēluma priekšējās rindas patskaņus

the Latvian language distinguishes front vowels with high, medium and low tongue height

(anatomy) tongue (muscular mouth organ used for moving food around in the mouth, for tasting, and as one of the organs of speaking)