cirvis

cirvis (nominative singular)
cirvji (nominative plural)
cirvja (genitive singular)
cirvju (genitive plural)
cirvim (dative singular)
cirvjiem (dative plural)
cirvi (accusative singular)
cirvjus (accusative plural)
cirvi (instrumental singular)
cirvjiem (instrumental plural)
cirvī (locative singular)
cirvjos (locative plural)
cirvi (singular vocative)
cirvji (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirw(i)os, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).


nazis

nazis (nominative singular)
naži (nominative plural)
naža (genitive singular)
nažu (genitive plural)
nazim (dative singular)
nažiem (dative plural)
nazi (accusative singular)
nažus (accusative plural)
nazi (instrumental singular)
nažiem (instrumental plural)
nazī (locative singular)
nažos (locative plural)
nazi (singular vocative)
naži (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic ножь (nožĭ, “knife”) (compare Russian нож (nož)). The word probably entered the language in the 13th century, and is attested in its modern form in dictionaries from the 17th century on.

bor+

ass, truls nazis

asināt nazi

akmens nazis

kabatas nazis

virtuves nazis

bārdas nazis

griezt ar nazi

knife (utensil or tool with a blade and a handle, designed for cutting)


rīks

rīks (nominative singular)
rīki (nominative plural)
rīka (genitive singular)
rīku (genitive plural)
rīkam (dative singular)
rīkiem (dative plural)
rīku (accusative singular)
rīkus (accusative plural)
rīku (instrumental singular)
rīkiem (instrumental plural)
rīkā (locative singular)
rīkos (locative plural)
rīk (singular vocative)
rīki (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rī- (“to scrape; to pluck; to cut”) (with an extra k); cf. dialectal riekt (“to cut (bread); to plow (for the first time)”). Apparently, the original meaning of rīks was “sharp instrument,” perhaps “knife.” Cognates include Lithuanian rỹkas (“instrument; container”).

cog

namdara, kalēja rīks

lauksaimniecības, metālapstrādes rīki

medību, zvejas rīks

rotaļu rīks

vingrošanas rīki

soda rīks

ražošanas rīki

instrument, tool, equipment (an object used for a specific task, work, etc.)


lāpstiņa

lāpstiņa (nominative singular)
lāpstiņas (nominative plural)
lāpstiņas (genitive singular)
lāpstiņu (genitive plural)
lāpstiņai (dative singular)
lāpstiņām (dative plural)
lāpstiņu (accusative singular)
lāpstiņas (accusative plural)
lāpstiņu (instrumental singular)
lāpstiņām (instrumental plural)
lāpstiņā (locative singular)
lāpstiņās (locative plural)
lāpstiņa (singular vocative)
lāpstiņas (plural vocative)

kūku lāpstiņa

stādāmā lāpstiņa

mūrnieka lāpstiņa

koku mizošanai ļoti vajadzīgs darba rīks ir mizojamā lāpstiņa

a very important tool for barking trees is the peeling blade

(tool) various blade-having tools similar to a shovel like spades, spatulas, trowels, etc.


lāpsta

lāpsta (nominative singular)
lāpstas (nominative plural)
lāpstas (genitive singular)
lāpstu (genitive plural)
lāpstai (dative singular)
lāpstām (dative plural)
lāpstu (accusative singular)
lāpstas (accusative plural)
lāpstu (instrumental singular)
lāpstām (instrumental plural)
lāpstā (locative singular)
lāpstās (locative plural)
lāpsta (singular vocative)
lāpstas (plural vocative)
lāpusta (alternative)

Derived from Latvian dialectal lāpa (“paw”) (q.v.) (cf. Lithuanian lópa, Russian ла́па (lápa)) with a vowel and a suffix -stā (cf. dialectal variant lāpusta). Ultimately from the same stem as lapa (“leaf”) (q.v.). The original meaning of lāpsta was probably “paw, foot, sole”, from which “instrument for digging (like a paw, foot, sole)”. (Another possibility: from the original stem *lep- (“to bark; to rip off, to tear”) a noun could be formed with the meaning “(cut off) plate”; cf. Albanian latë (“small ax, hoe, spud”) < *laptā). Cognates include Lithuanian lópeta, Old Prussian lopto, Proto-Slavic *lopata (Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian лопа́та (lopáta), Czech lopata, Polish łopata, Russian dialectal ла́пость (lápostʹ) “track, footprints”), Hittite [script needed] (lappa, “on shovels”).

koka, dzelzs lāpsta

asa lāpsta

sniega, ogļu lāpsta

dārza lāpsta

iedurt lāpstu zemē

to stick, push the shovel in(to) the ground

Žuburs uzmina ar kāju lāpstas malai, nolieca lāpstas kātu kā sviru uz leju un atlauza kūdras gabalu

Žuburs pushed the shovel edge with (his) foot, pulled the shovel handle down like a lever and broke off a piece of turf

shovel, spade (a tool for digging with a metal blade and a long handle)


īlens

īlens (nominative singular)
īleni (nominative plural)
īlena (genitive singular)
īlenu (genitive plural)
īlenam (dative singular)
īleniem (dative plural)
īlenu (accusative singular)
īlenus (accusative plural)
īlenu (instrumental singular)
īleniem (instrumental plural)
īlenā (locative singular)
īlenos (locative plural)
īlen (singular vocative)
īleni (plural vocative)

Traditionally, this word is seen as borrowed from Gothic *𐌴𐌻𐌰 (*ēla, “awl”), perhaps via Old Prussian ylo (“awl”). The Gothic e was very narrow (tense), so it was replaced by ī when borrowed. This loanword is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries. A more recent theory, however, connects īlens to ilknis (“fang, tusk”), ilkss (“shaft”), and with Hittite illuyanka (“dragon; snake”), where il- apparently refers to something sharp (fang, horn, stinger), in which case īlens might be a retention rather than a borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *eil-, *il-, *īl-, from *ei-, *h₁ei- (“sharp, pointed”), via a probable Proto-Baltic *īl- + -ens.

izdurt caurumus ar īlenu

ass ka īlens

dur kā ar īlenu

it pierces as if with an awl (e.g., sharp pain)

awl (pointed instrument for piercing small holes)


āmurs

āmurs (nominative singular)
āmuri (nominative plural)
āmura (genitive singular)
āmuru (genitive plural)
āmuram (dative singular)
āmuriem (dative plural)
āmuru (accusative singular)
āmurus (accusative plural)
āmuru (instrumental singular)
āmuriem (instrumental plural)
āmurā (locative singular)
āmuros (locative plural)
āmur (singular vocative)
āmuri (plural vocative)
āmars (alternative)
āmers (alternative)

Borrowed from Old Norse hamarr, or from Middle Low German, Middle Dutch hamer (cf. German Hammer, English hammer). First mentioned in 17h-century dictionaries as āmars, it occurred later as āmers under the influence of German Hammer; in the 19th century, however, the spelling āmurs became dominant and entered the standard language.

koka āmurs

galdnieka, kurpnieka āmurs

ogļu atskaldāmais āmurs

gaļas āmurs

āmura kāts

iesist naglu ar āmuru

hammer (tool with heavy head for pounding)

pneimatiskais āmurs

tvaika āmurs


veseris

veseris (nominative singular)
veseri (nominative plural)
vesera (genitive singular)
veseru (genitive plural)
veserim (dative singular)
veseriem (dative plural)
veseri (accusative singular)
veserus (accusative plural)
veseri (instrumental singular)
veseriem (instrumental plural)
veserī (locative singular)
veseros (locative plural)
veseri (singular vocative)
veseri (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Livonian vazār, or from Estonian vasar.

kalēja veseris

akmeņkaļa veseris

rokas veseris

pneimatiskais veseris

atskaldāmais, hidrauliskais veseris

tvaika veseris

vesera mešana

vesera metējs

(sports) (heavy steel ball attached to a wire, used for throwing)


ķerra

ķerra (nominative singular)
ķerras (nominative plural)
ķerras (genitive singular)
ķerru (genitive plural)
ķerrai (dative singular)
ķerrām (dative plural)
ķerru (accusative singular)
ķerras (accusative plural)
ķerru (instrumental singular)
ķerrām (instrumental plural)
ķerrā (locative singular)
ķerrās (locative plural)
ķerra (singular vocative)
ķerras (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch kerre (“cart, wheelbarrow”), or from Swedish kärra (“cart, wheelbarrow”), both of which are also borrowings from Latin carrus (“waggon”). The word is first mentioned in 18th-century dictionaries as kerre; the form ķerra appears in the 19th century, probably in dialects that took the Swedish form (ending in a).

bor

pievest dārzeņus ar ķerru

to transport vegetables with a wheelbarrow

wheelbarrow (small, one-wheeled cart with handles)


dakša

dakša (nominative singular)
dakšas (nominative plural)
dakšas (genitive singular)
dakšu (genitive plural)
dakšai (dative singular)
dakšām (dative plural)
dakšu (accusative singular)
dakšas (accusative plural)
dakšu (instrumental singular)
dakšām (instrumental plural)
dakšā (locative singular)
dakšās (locative plural)
dakša (singular vocative)
dakšas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *daš-, with a suffix -kā and š-k metathesis (compare also dialectal daška; there are also dialectal forms like dasti with a suffix -to instead of -kā), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ (“to pluck, sever, split”). Cognates include Norwegian tagge, German Zacke (“spike”), Middle Low German tagge, Dutch tak (“branch”), English tack.

uder

dakšu kāts

uzdurt salmu klēpi uz dakšām

izcelt kartupeļus ar dakšām

divzaru, trīszaru, četrzaru dakšas

divžuburu, trīsžuburu, četržuburu dakšas

siena, mēslu, dārza, kartupeļu dakšas

(usually in the plural) fork, pitchfork (pronged tool with a long straight handle used for lifting, throwing (especially hay))


kāsis

kāsis (nominative singular)
kāši (nominative plural)
kāša (genitive singular)
kāšu (genitive plural)
kāsim (dative singular)
kāšiem (dative plural)
kāsi (accusative singular)
kāšus (accusative plural)
kāsi (instrumental singular)
kāšiem (instrumental plural)
kāsī (locative singular)
kāšos (locative plural)
kāsi (singular vocative)
kāši (plural vocative)

The origin of this word is not clear. It may stem from Proto-Indo-European *ḱāk-, *ḱak- (“branch, pole”), via metathesis (from *kāḱ- to Proto-Baltic *kāš- to Latvian kāsis), with the original meaning being “bent branch.” Cognates would then include Lithuanian dialectal kóšis, and maybe also Sanskrit काशिः (kāśiḥ, “hollow of the hand”), if indeed its older meaning was “meander,” “bent, crooked one.”
Proto-Indo-European *ḱāk-, *ḱak- without metathesis would have yielded the dialectal Latvian term saķis (“bifurcated ending”), Lithuanian šakà (“branch”), and Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “branch”).

cog

dzelzs, tērauda kāsis

uzkabināt uz kāša

pakārt katlu kāsi virs uguns

nocelt podu no kāša

hook (object with a curved, sharp tip used for suspending or hanging)


ķeksis

ķeksis (nominative singular)
ķekši (nominative plural)
ķekša (genitive singular)
ķekšu (genitive plural)
ķeksim (dative singular)
ķekšiem (dative plural)
ķeksi (accusative singular)
ķekšus (accusative plural)
ķeksi (instrumental singular)
ķekšiem (instrumental plural)
ķeksī (locative singular)
ķekšos (locative plural)
ķeksi (singular vocative)
ķekši (plural vocative)

Cognates include Lithuanian kẽkšis, kẽkšė (“hook; stilt; pole”). There are similar words in neighboring non-Baltic languages: Livonian boathook, dialectal Estonian keks, käks, köks (“hook; harpoon”), Finnish keksi (“hook”), Norwegian kjeks, Swedish käx (“small boathook”), which led many researchers to conclude that the Latvian term was borrowed. But it is also possible that the other languages borrowed from Baltic; in which case ķeksis might continue Proto-Indo-European *kek- (“to curve, bend”) with an additional -s (compare Sanskrit कक्षा (kákṣā, “armpit, nook, corner”)); compare Latvian dialectal terms ḳekains (“hooked”), ḳeks, ḳeḳa (“crutches”), ḳeḳis (“person with crooked teeth”).


āķis

āķis (nominative singular)
āķi (nominative plural)
āķa (genitive singular)
āķu (genitive plural)
āķim (dative singular)
āķiem (dative plural)
āķi (accusative singular)
āķus (accusative plural)
āķi (instrumental singular)
āķiem (instrumental plural)
āķī (locative singular)
āķos (locative plural)
āķi (singular vocative)
āķi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German hake or Middle Dutch haeck or an East Frisian word (compare Saterland Frisian Hoake (“hook”), German Haken), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *kek- (“peg, hook; to bend”).

metāla, tērauda, kaula āķis

iedzīt klintī āķus

makšķeres āķis

uzlikt ēsmu uz āķa

uzkabināt uz āķa

noņemt no āķa

celtņa āķis

hook (instrument with a curved extremity ending in a pointed tip, used to hang or suspend things)


vīle

vīle (nominative singular)
vīles (nominative plural)
vīles (genitive singular)
vīļu (genitive plural)
vīlei (dative singular)
vīlēm (dative plural)
vīli (accusative singular)
vīles (accusative plural)
vīli (instrumental singular)
vīlēm (instrumental plural)
vīlē (locative singular)
vīlēs (locative plural)
vīle (singular vocative)
vīles (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German vīle, or Middle Dutch vīle (“file”) (compare German Feile, English file). First mentioned in 17th-century sources.

plakana, apaļa vīle

rombveida vīle

rupja vīle, rupjvīle

smalka vīle, smalkvīle

skrāpju vīle, skrāpjvīle, skrāpvīle

nagu vīle

vīles spals

iecirst vīlei jaunus zobus

vīle jātur ar abām rokām

(carpentry tool) file (block of coarse metal attached to a handle, used for removing sharp edges or cutting)


vīle

From the verb vīt (“to twist, to wind, to wreathe”) (q.v.) + -e (with an extra element -l). The orginial meaning was probably “something (that was) wound” (compare Lithuanian vielà “wire” < “something wound”), from which also “something sewn.”

krekla vīle

sānu, plecu vīle

zeķes bez vīles

vīles kreklam atirušas

the shirt seams have come undone, have unraveled

iegludināt biksēm vīles

seam, hem (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)

armijas bikses ar nažveidīgi asām iegludinājumu vīlēm

army pants with knife-like sharp ironed seams

seam-like, line-like projection or fold on clothes, fabric, created by folding or ironing

kreisajos deniņos, kur mati bija tālu atkāpusies, ārsts sataustīja cietu rētas vīli

on the left temple, where the hair had receded far, the doctor felt a hard line-like scar

tiešām, tas bija vecs cilvēks, kurš te sēdēja uz Maijas gultas, tumšās vīlēs sastrādātās rokas klēpī salicis

indeed, it was an old man who sat on Maija's bed, his hands, full of dark line-like bruises from work, placed on (his) lap

line-like swelling or injury on the skin, usually a result of a blow or hit; also a line-like scar or wrinkle

kas būtu mūsu Latvija bez kokiem, bez birztalām, bez silu zilām vīlēm?

what would our Latvia be without trees, without groves, without the blue stripes of pine forests?

mēness aiz mākoņiem uzlēcis; lauku ceļu vīles labi saskātamas

the moon rose behind the clouds; the stripes of the field roads (became) clearly visible

(rare) a relatively narrow rectilinear band or stripe formed by surrounding objects


rupjvīle

rupjvīle (nominative singular)
rupjvīles (nominative plural)
rupjvīles (genitive singular)
rupjvīļu (genitive plural)
rupjvīlei (dative singular)
rupjvīlēm (dative plural)
rupjvīli (accusative singular)
rupjvīles (accusative plural)
rupjvīli (instrumental singular)
rupjvīlēm (instrumental plural)
rupjvīlē (locative singular)
rupjvīlēs (locative plural)
rupjvīle (singular vocative)
rupjvīles (plural vocative)
rupja vīle (alternative)

From rupjš (“coarse, rough”) + vīle (“file”).

cieto virsmas slāni noņem ar rupjvīli vai skrāpjvīli

one removes a hard surface layer with a coarse file or a rasp

coarse, rough file (a file with wide grooves)


smalkvīle

smalkvīle (nominative singular)
smalkvīles (nominative plural)
smalkvīles (genitive singular)
smalkvīļu (genitive plural)
smalkvīlei (dative singular)
smalkvīlēm (dative plural)
smalkvīli (accusative singular)
smalkvīles (accusative plural)
smalkvīli (instrumental singular)
smalkvīlēm (instrumental plural)
smalkvīlē (locative singular)
smalkvīlēs (locative plural)
smalkvīle (singular vocative)
smalkvīles (plural vocative)
smalka vīle (alternative)

From smalks (“fine, smooth”) + vīle (“file”).

atkarībā no rieviņu platuma, dziļuma un skaita uz 1 cm² virsmas izšķir rupjvīles un smalkvīles

depending on groove width, depth, and number per 1 cm² of surface, one distinguishes rough files and smooth files

fine, smooth file (a file with narrow, shallow grooves)


skrāpjvīle

skrāpjvīle (nominative singular)
skrāpjvīles (nominative plural)
skrāpjvīles (genitive singular)
skrāpjvīļu (genitive plural)
skrāpjvīlei (dative singular)
skrāpjvīlēm (dative plural)
skrāpjvīli (accusative singular)
skrāpjvīles (accusative plural)
skrāpjvīli (instrumental singular)
skrāpjvīlēm (instrumental plural)
skrāpjvīlē (locative singular)
skrāpjvīlēs (locative plural)
skrāpjvīle (singular vocative)
skrāpjvīles (plural vocative)
skrāpju vīle (alternative)
skrāpvīle (alternative)

From skrāpju (“scraper[gen.]”) + vīle (“file”).

compound

rasp (a coarse file with points instead of grooves)


daikts

daikts (nominative singular)
daikti (nominative plural)
daikta (genitive singular)
daiktu (genitive plural)
daiktam (dative singular)
daiktiem (dative plural)
daiktu (accusative singular)
daiktus (accusative plural)
daiktu (instrumental singular)
daiktiem (instrumental plural)
daiktā (locative singular)
daiktos (locative plural)
daikt (singular vocative)
daikti (plural vocative)

Initially the past particle of an earlier verb *daigt (“to stab, to prick, to pierce”) (i.e., “pierced (thing)” > “(piercing) instrument” > “tool, thing”), From Proto-Baltic *daig-, from Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick into, pierce”), whence also dīgt (“to sprout, to shoot, to germinate”). Cognate to Lithuanian dáiktas (cf. also dáigyti (“to prick”)).

uz galda, divas tintnīcas, gūzma rakstāmo daiktu

on the table, two inkwells, a bunch of writing tools

vienā istabā atpūtās ēvelsols, lielie namdara kalti, ēveles un citi daikti

in one room there was a carpenter bench, large carpenter chisels, planes and other tools

apbruņojies ar grābekli, kapli, lāpstu un citiem tīrīšanai vajadzīgiem daiktiem, tēvocis Antons sāk dārzā spodrības nedēļas darbus

armed with rake, hoe, shovel and other cleaning tools, uncle Antons begins the work of cleaning week in the garden

nevarētu ticēt, ka šie resnie pirksti diendienā rīkojas ar tiem smalkākajiem daiktiem dažādos mūzikas instrumentos, atrod visnoslēptākos bojājumus un prot tos izlabot

one could not believe that these fat fingers handled every day the smallest gadgets, tools in various musical instruments, found the most hidden imperfections and fixed them

(colloquial) tool, instrument; also, thing


darbarīks

darbarīks (nominative singular)
darbarīki (nominative plural)
darbarīka (genitive singular)
darbarīku (genitive plural)
darbarīkam (dative singular)
darbarīkiem (dative plural)
darbarīku (accusative singular)
darbarīkus (accusative plural)
darbarīku (instrumental singular)
darbarīkiem (instrumental plural)
darbarīkā (locative singular)
darbarīkos (locative plural)
darbarīk (singular vocative)
darbarīki (plural vocative)
darba rīks (alternative)

From darba (“work[gen.]”) + rīks (“instrument”).

akmens laikmeta darbarīki

zemkopības darbarīki

amatnieku darbarīki

namdara darbarīku komplekts

ļaudis atgriežās nākamās dienas rītā un atveda smago automašīnu, virpas, urbi un sīkākus darbarīkus

the people came back the following day and brought in a truck, lathes, a drill and other smaller tools

(work) tool (instrument necessary for a certain work)


zāģis

zāģis (nominative singular)
zāģi (nominative plural)
zāģa (genitive singular)
zāģu (genitive plural)
zāģim (dative singular)
zāģiem (dative plural)
zāģi (accusative singular)
zāģus (accusative plural)
zāģi (instrumental singular)
zāģiem (instrumental plural)
zāģī (locative singular)
zāģos (locative plural)
zāģi (singular vocative)
zāģi (plural vocative)
zāgs (alternative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German sage or Middle Dutch zage (cf. German Säge, Dutch zaag). First mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.

dārza, zaru zāģis

baļķu zāģis

rokas zāģis

elektriskais zāģis

loka zāģis, lokzāģis

zāģa zobis

zāģu skaidas

vīlēt zāģi

tēvs bijis namdaris, staigājis ar cirvi un zāģi pār plecu, ģimenei maizes riecienu pelnīdams

father was a carpenter, walking with an ax and a saw over (his) shoulder, earning the families

saw (a tool with a sharp, usually toothed, blade, used for cutting wood, metal and other hard substances)

kaulu zāģis

diamanta zāģis

viņš radījis vairāk nekā divdesmit jaunu ķirurģisku instrumentu, no kuriem īpaši jāatzīmē tā sauktais Šimanovska rezekcijas zāģis

he has shown more than twenty new surgical instruments, most notably the so-called Šimanovskis' resection saw

saw (a specialized tool for cutting a specific kind of hard object or substance)


logaritmiskais lineāls

lv-noun

logaritmiskais lineāls m (1st declension)

logaritmiskais lineāls (nominative singular)
logaritmiskie lineāli (nominative plural)
logaritmiskā lineāla (genitive singular)
logaritmisko lineālu (genitive plural)
logaritmiskajam lineālam (dative singular)
logaritmiskajiem lineāliem (dative plural)
logaritmisko lineālu (accusative singular)
logaritmiskos lineālus (accusative plural)
logaritmisko lineālu (instrumental singular)
logaritmiskajiem lineāliem (instrumental plural)
logaritmiskajā lineālā (locative singular)
logaritmiskajos lineālos (locative plural)
logaritmisko lineāl (singular vocative)
logaritmiskais lineāl (singular vocative)
logaritmiskie lineāli (plural vocative)

logaritmiskais lineāls ir mehānisks analogais skaitļotājs

a slide rule is a mechanical analog calculator

slide rule (a simple calculating device consisting of three rulers with logarithmic scales to facilitate multiplication and division)


lineāls

lineāls (nominative singular)
lineāli (nominative plural)
lineāla (genitive singular)
lineālu (genitive plural)
lineālam (dative singular)
lineāliem (dative plural)
lineālu (accusative singular)
lineālus (accusative plural)
lineālu (instrumental singular)
lineāliem (instrumental plural)
lineālā (locative singular)
lineālos (locative plural)
lineāl (singular vocative)
lineāli (plural vocative)

Probably borrowed from German Lineal (“ruler”).

trīsstūra lineāls

mēroga lineāls

logaritmiskais lineāls

taisns kā lineāls

straight as a ruler (i.e., completely straight)

stūrmanis strādā ar lineālu, cirkuli un zīmuli, atzīmēdams kartē taisnāko ceļu no Kurzemes līdz zviedru krastiem

the helmsman works with ruler, compass and pencil, drawing on the map the straightest path from Courland to the Swedish coast

ruler (flat, straight instrument for measuring or drawing, usually labeled with a length scale)


šķēres

šķēres (nominative plural)
šķēru (genitive plural)
šķērēm (dative plural)
šķēres (accusative plural)
šķērēm (instrumental plural)
šķērēs (locative plural)
šķēres (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German schere or from Middle Dutch scheer, both meaning “scissors” (cf. also German Schere). It is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.

griezt audumu ar šķērēm

drēbnieka šķēres

dārznieka šķēres

scissors (tool for cutting, consisting of two interconnected blades facing each other)


grieznes

grieznes (nominative plural)
griezņu (genitive plural)
grieznēm (dative plural)
grieznes (accusative plural)
grieznēm (instrumental plural)
grieznēs (locative plural)
grieznes (plural vocative)

A new word, coined from griez(t) (“to cut”) + -ne in the 1930s.

asas grieznes

metāla grieznes

dārza grieznes'

drēbnieka grieznes

nogriezt ar grieznēm audumu

māte paņem grieznes un iet ārdīt vaļā aizšuvumu

mother takes the scissors and goes to unravel the sewing

pēc nedaudzām minūtēm metāla grieznes pašķira eju dzeloņstieplu žogā

after a few minutes the metal scissors cut its way throw the barbed wire fence


dzirkles

dzirkles (nominative plural)
dzirkļu (genitive plural)
dzirklēm (dative plural)
dzirkles (accusative plural)
dzirklēm (instrumental plural)
dzirklēs (locative plural)
dzirkles (plural vocative)

asināt dzirkles

nogriezt zarus ar dzirklēm

dzirkles tikai tad izņem, kad jācērp aitas

(we) takes the shears only when (we) have to shear the sheep

skolas dārza darbos gandrīz visi iemācījāmies strādāt ar dārznieka lielajām dzirklēm, ar kurām apgriezām skolas dzīvžogus glīti un vienādi

in the school garden work, almost all of us learned to work with the big garden shears, with which we trimmed the school hedges (so that they were) neat and symmetrical

shears (large scissors with a spring, for shearing sheep, or for gardening work)


sirpis

sirpis (nominative singular)
sirpji (nominative plural)
sirpja (genitive singular)
sirpju (genitive plural)
sirpim (dative singular)
sirpjiem (dative plural)
sirpi (accusative singular)
sirpjus (accusative plural)
sirpi (instrumental singular)
sirpjiem (instrumental plural)
sirpī (locative singular)
sirpjos (locative plural)
sirpi (singular vocative)
sirpji (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *serp-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sírpas, [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“crooked tree, hook, sickle”) with an extra suffix p.
Cognates
Cognates include Proto-Slavic *sьrpъ (Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian серп (serp), Bulgarian сърп (sǎrp), Czech srp, Serbo-Croatian срп, Polish sierp, Upper Sorbian serp, Sanskrit सृणि (sṛṇi), Ancient Greek ἅρπη (hárpē), Latin sarpō (“to cut vines”), Hittite 𒊬𒉺 (šarpa-, “farming tool”).

der

sirpis un āmurs

no rīta noskrien septiņas verstis līdz kunga druvai, ar sirpi nopļauj pūrvietu rudzu

in the morning she ran seven leagues to get to (her) lord's corn fields, (and) with a sickle she mowed the rye

sickle (hand tool with a semicircular blade used for cutting grass, cereals, etc.)


izkapts

izkapts (nominative singular)
izkaptis (nominative plural)
izkapts (genitive singular)
izkapšu (genitive plural)
izkaptij (dative singular)
izkaptīm (dative plural)
izkapti (accusative singular)
izkaptis (accusative plural)
izkapti (instrumental singular)
izkaptīm (instrumental plural)
izkaptī (locative singular)
izkaptīs (locative plural)
izkapts (singular vocative)
izkaptis (plural vocative)

Derived from an older verb *kapt (“to hit”) (cf. Lithuanian kàpti (“to chop, to hit”)), whence also kapāt.

asa izkapts

izkapts kāts

izkapts labi kož

asināt izkapti

pļaut sienu ar izkapi

Tibils sameklēja otru izkapti,... uzasināja

Tibils found a second scythe... (and) sharpened it

scythe (farming tool consisting of a bent blade attached to a long handle (a snath), used for cutting grass, cereals, etc.)


kaplis

kaplis (nominative singular)
kapļi (nominative plural)
kapļa (genitive singular)
kapļu (genitive plural)
kaplim (dative singular)
kapļiem (dative plural)
kapli (accusative singular)
kapļus (accusative plural)
kapli (instrumental singular)
kapļiem (instrumental plural)
kaplī (locative singular)
kapļos (locative plural)
kapli (singular vocative)
kapļi (plural vocative)

From the same stem as the verb kapāt (“to chop”) (q.v.): Proto-Baltic *kap- + -lis, from the o grade *kop- of Proto-Indo-European *kep-, *skep- “to cut, to slice (with an instrument).”

garkāta kaplis

īskāta kaplis

divpusējais kaplis

ar kapli iespējams vislabāk iznīcināt nezāles

with a hoe it is possible to destroy weeds best of all

hoe (a gardening tool consisting of a handle and a sharp piece of metal, used for softening the soil or destroying weeds)


skrūvgriezis

skrūvgriezis (nominative singular)
skrūvgrieži (nominative plural)
skrūvgrieža (genitive singular)
skrūvgriežu (genitive plural)
skrūvgriezim (dative singular)
skrūvgriežiem (dative plural)
skrūvgriezi (accusative singular)
skrūvgriežus (accusative plural)
skrūvgriezi (instrumental singular)
skrūvgriežiem (instrumental plural)
skrūvgriezī (locative singular)
skrūvgriežos (locative plural)
skrūvgriezi (singular vocative)
skrūvgrieži (plural vocative)