gas

la-noun

gas n (genitive gasis); third declension

gasis (genitive)
gas (nominative singular)
gasa (nominative plural)
gasis (genitive singular)
gasum (genitive plural)
gasī (dative singular)
gasibus (dative plural)
gas (accusative singular)
gasa (accusative plural)
gase (ablative singular)
gasibus (ablative plural)
gas (singular vocative)
gasa (plural vocative)

Coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont (appearing in his Ortus Medicinae as an invariable noun).


Australia

la-proper noun

Austrālia f sg (genitive Austrāliae); first declension

Austrālia (canonical feminine singular)
Austrāliae (genitive)
Austrālia (nominative singular)
Austrāliae (genitive singular)
Austrāliae (dative singular)
Austrāliam (accusative singular)
Austrāliā (ablative singular)
Austrālia (singular vocative)

From austrālis (“southern”) + a latinization of Ancient Greek -ία (-ía).

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the land on the Australian tectonic plate, i.e. Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


sol

la-noun

sōl m (genitive sōlis); third declension

sōl (canonical masculine)
sōlis (genitive)
sōl (nominative singular)
sōlēs (nominative plural)
sōlis (genitive singular)
sōlum (genitive plural)
sōlī (dative singular)
sōlibus (dative plural)
sōlem (accusative singular)
sōlēs (accusative plural)
sōle (ablative singular)
sōlibus (ablative plural)
sōl (singular vocative)
sōlēs (plural vocative)
Sōl (alternative)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: sole, sobi, soi, soli

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: soari

Istro-Romanian: sore

Megleno-Romanian: soari

Romanian: soare

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: soli

Gallurese: soli

Sassarese: sori

Dalmatian: saul

Istriot: sul

Italian: sole

Judeo-Italian: סוּלוֹ (sulo)

Neapolitan: sole

Tarantino: sole

Sicilian: suli

Venetan: sołe

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: sôl, soul, saul

Ligurian: sô

Lombard: sol, so

Piedmontese: sol, so

Romagnol: sól

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: sol

Franco-Provençal: sol

Old Gascon: só

Old Occitan: sol

Occitan: sol (Florac, Lastic, Creuse)

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: sol

Mozarabic: שול (šwl)

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: sol

Extremaduran: sol

Leonese: sol

Mirandese: sol

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: sol
Fala: sol
Galician: sol
Portuguese: sol (see there for further descendants)

Spanish: sol

Vulgar Latin: *sōliculum (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

Proto-Brythonic: [Term?]

Cornish: Sul

Breton: Sul

Welsh: Sul

⇒ Translingual: Solaster

From Proto-Italic *s(u)wōl, from Proto-Indo-European *suh₂ṓl (*suh₂ól-s) ~ *suh₂l-és m (“the sun”), rebuilt s-stem from *súh₂el ~ *suh₂éns n (whence Sanskrit स्वर् (svar, “the sun”)), leveled from *sóh₂wl̥ ~ *suh₂éns (from *sh₂wéns via laryngeal metathesis). Alternatively from Proto-Italic *saul through an irregular change conditioned by -l, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ul.


lupus

la-noun

lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension

lupī (genitive)
lupa (feminine)
lupus (nominative singular)
lupī (nominative plural)
lupī (genitive singular)
lupōrum (genitive plural)
lupō (dative singular)
lupīs (dative plural)
lupum (accusative singular)
lupōs (accusative plural)
lupō (ablative singular)
lupīs (ablative plural)
lupe (singular vocative)
lupī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: lup, lupu

Istro-Romanian: lup

Megleno-Romanian: lup

Romanian: lup

Italo-Romance:

Italian: lopo (regional)

Neapolitan: lupo

desctree

Sicilian: lupu
→ Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup′, lupu
→ Maltese: lupu

Padanian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: låuv

Ligurian: lô

Lombard: lov, loff, lóff

Friulian: lôf

Romansch: luf

Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo
→ Italian: lovo

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: llop

Franco-Provençal: lop

Old French: leu (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: lop

Ibero-Romance:

Mirandese: lhobo

Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo
Galician: lobo
Portuguese: lobo

Asturian: llobu

Leonese: llobu

Mirandese: lhobo

Old Spanish: lobo
Ladino: lovo
Spanish: lobo (see there for further descendants)

Vulgar Latin: *lūpum
Aragonese: lupo
Corsican: lupu
Italian: lupo
→ Sardinian: lupu
Lombard: luv
Piedmontese: luv

Conlangs:

→ Esperanto: lupo

→ Interlingua: lupo

→ Volapük: lup

→ Catalan: lupus

→ English: Lupus, lupus

→ Finnish: lupus

→ French: lupus

→ Galician: lupus

→ Italian: lupus

→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo

→ Romanian: lupus

→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus

→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus

From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.
Cognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).

agnum lupō ēripere velle

to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf

Homō hominī lupus.

(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:


conductor

la-noun

conductor m (genitive conductōris, feminine conductrīx); third declension

conductōris (genitive)
conductrīx (feminine)
conductor (nominative singular)
conductōrēs (nominative plural)
conductōris (genitive singular)
conductōrum (genitive plural)
conductōrī (dative singular)
conductōribus (dative plural)
conductōrem (accusative singular)
conductōrēs (accusative plural)
conductōre (ablative singular)
conductōribus (ablative plural)
conductor (singular vocative)
conductōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: conductor

English: conductor

French: conducteur

Galician: conductor

Old French: conduitor

Portuguese: condutor

Romanian: conducător, conductor

Russian: конду́ктор (kondúktor)

Spanish: conductor

(physics) conductor (of heat, electricity etc)


laser

lāser n (genitive lāseris); third declension

lāser (canonical neuter)
lāseris (genitive)
lāser (nominative singular)
lāsera (nominative plural)
lāseris (genitive singular)
lāserum (genitive plural)
lāserī (dative singular)
lāseribus (dative plural)
lāser (accusative singular)
lāsera (accusative plural)
lāsere (ablative singular)
lāseribus (ablative plural)
lāser (singular vocative)
lāsera (plural vocative)
lāsar (alternative)

Lasaris radix.


proton

prōton m (genitive prōtōnis); third declension

prōton (canonical masculine)
prōtōnis (genitive)
prōton (nominative singular)
prōtōnēs (nominative plural)
prōtōnis (genitive singular)
prōtōnum (genitive plural)
prōtōnī (dative singular)
prōtōnibus (dative plural)
prōtōnem (accusative singular)
prōtōnēs (accusative plural)
prōtōne (ablative singular)
prōtōnibus (ablative plural)
prōton (singular vocative)
prōtōnēs (plural vocative)

From the neuter form πρῶτον (prôton) of Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).


neutron

neutron m (genitive neutrōnis); third declension

neutrōnis (genitive)
neutron (nominative singular)
neutrōnēs (nominative plural)
neutrōnis (genitive singular)
neutrōnum (genitive plural)
neutrōnī (dative singular)
neutrōnibus (dative plural)
neutrōnem (accusative singular)
neutrōnēs (accusative plural)
neutrōne (ablative singular)
neutrōnibus (ablative plural)
neutron (singular vocative)
neutrōnēs (plural vocative)


ile

īle (canonical neuter)
īlis (genitive)
īle (nominative singular)
īlia (nominative plural)
īlis (genitive singular)
īlium (genitive plural)
īlī (dative singular)
īlibus (dative plural)
īle (accusative singular)
īlia (accusative plural)
īlī (ablative singular)
īlibus (ablative plural)
īle (singular vocative)
īlia (plural vocative)
īleum (alternative)
īlium (alternative)

→ Albanian: ijë

French: iles

Romanian: ie

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iliaris

Galician: illar

Old Spanish: ixar

Spanish: ijar, ijal

Portuguese: ilhal

Sardinian: iğğáre, illári

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iliarica

Galician: illarga

Portuguese: ilharga

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iliata

Catalan: illada

Spanish: ijada

desctree

→ French: jade
→ Catalan: jade
→ English: jade
→ German: Jade
→ Italian: giada
→ Portuguese: jade
→ Romanian: jad
→ Spanish: jade

Most likely from Ancient Greek εἰλεός (eileós, “colic”), from εἰλέω (eiléō, “throng, press”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“turn, wind, round”), same source as with Old Armenian գելում (gelum).

der

(chiefly in the plural, anatomy, zootomy) intestines, guts, entrails


oxygenium

la-noun

oxygenium n (genitive oxygeniī); second declension

oxygeniī (genitive)
oxygenium (nominative singular)
oxygenia (nominative plural)
oxygeniī (genitive singular)
oxygeniōrum (genitive plural)
oxygeniō (dative singular)
oxygeniīs (dative plural)
oxygenium (accusative singular)
oxygenia (accusative plural)
oxygeniō (ablative singular)
oxygeniīs (ablative plural)
oxygenium (singular vocative)
oxygenia (plural vocative)
oxygenum (alternative)

New Latin, borrowed from French oxygène, itself from Ancient Greek ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”) + Latin -genus (“born from”), referring to oxygen's role in the formation of acids.


helium

la-noun

hēlium n (genitive hēliī); second declension

hēlium (canonical neuter)
hēliī (genitive)
hēlium (nominative singular)
hēlia (nominative plural)
hēliī (genitive singular)
hēliōrum (genitive plural)
hēliō (dative singular)
hēliīs (dative plural)
hēlium (accusative singular)
hēlia (accusative plural)
hēliō (ablative singular)
hēliīs (ablative plural)
hēlium (singular vocative)
hēlia (plural vocative)

→ Italian: elio

→ Sicilian: ìliu

From Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) + -ium (chemical element suffix).


uva

ūva (canonical feminine)
ūvae (genitive)
ūva (nominative singular)
ūvae (nominative plural)
ūvae (genitive singular)
ūvārum (genitive plural)
ūvae (dative singular)
ūvīs (dative plural)
ūvam (accusative singular)
ūvās (accusative plural)
ūvā (ablative singular)
ūvīs (ablative plural)
ūva (singular vocative)
ūvae (plural vocative)

Aromanian: auã

Asturian: uva

Corsican: uva

Dalmatian: joiva

Esperanto: uvo

French: uve

Friulian: ue, uve

Italian: uva

Occitan: uva

Old Galician-Portuguese: uva

Fala: uva

Galician: uva

Portuguese: uva

Piedmontese: uva

Romanian: auă

Romansch: iva, ieuva, uia, iua

Sardinian: úa

Sicilian: uva

Spanish: uva

Venetan: ua, ùa, ova

→ English: uva

From Proto-Italic *oiwā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (“a kind of tree with berries”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄα (óa, “Sorbus domestica”), Old Armenian այգի (aygi, “grapevine”), Proto-Germanic *ī(h)waz (“yew”), Proto-Slavic *jь̀va (“willow”).

cog

(botany) (of other plants) A bunch or cluster of fruit.

(zoology) A cluster, like a bunch of grapes, which bees form when they alight in swarming.


lithium

la-noun

lithium n (genitive lithiī); second declension

lithiī (genitive)
lithium (nominative singular)
lithia (nominative plural)
lithiī (genitive singular)
lithiōrum (genitive plural)
lithiō (dative singular)
lithiīs (dative plural)
lithium (accusative singular)
lithia (accusative plural)
lithiō (ablative singular)
lithiīs (ablative plural)
lithium (singular vocative)
lithia (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + -ium.


phosphorus

phōsphorus m (genitive phōsphorī); second declension

phōsphorus (canonical masculine)
phōsphorī (genitive)
phōsphorus (nominative singular)
phōsphorī (nominative plural)
phōsphorī (genitive singular)
phōsphorōrum (genitive plural)
phōsphorō (dative singular)
phōsphorīs (dative plural)
phōsphorum (accusative singular)
phōsphorōs (accusative plural)
phōsphorō (ablative singular)
phōsphorīs (ablative plural)
phōsphore (singular vocative)
phōsphorī (plural vocative)

French: phosphore

Galician: fósforo

Italian: fosforo

Portuguese: fósforo

Romanian: fosfor

Sicilian: pòspuru

Spanish: fósforo

Venetan: fòsforo

From Ancient Greek φωσφόρος (phōsphóros, “light-bearing”).


fermium

la-noun

fermium n (genitive fermiī); second declension

fermiī (genitive)
fermium (nominative singular)
fermia (nominative plural)
fermiī (genitive singular)
fermiōrum (genitive plural)
fermiō (dative singular)
fermiīs (dative plural)
fermium (accusative singular)
fermia (accusative plural)
fermiō (ablative singular)
fermiīs (ablative plural)
fermium (singular vocative)
fermia (plural vocative)

→ English: fermium

→ Italian: fermio

Named after Italian physicist Enrico Fermi (1901–1954).
Derived from Fermi + -ium (chemical element suffix). For the surname see Fermi.


mendelevium

la-noun

mendelēvium n (genitive mendelēviī); second declension

mendelēvium (canonical neuter)
mendelēviī (genitive)
mendelēvium (nominative singular)
mendelēvia (nominative plural)
mendelēviī (genitive singular)
mendelēviōrum (genitive plural)
mendelēviō (dative singular)
mendelēviīs (dative plural)
mendelēvium (accusative singular)
mendelēvia (accusative plural)
mendelēviō (ablative singular)
mendelēviīs (ablative plural)
mendelēvium (singular vocative)
mendelēvia (plural vocative)

→ English: mendelevium

→ Italian: mendelevio

Named after Russian chemist and inventor Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев (Dmítrij Ivánovič Mendeléev) (1834–1907).
Derived from Mendeleev + -ium (chemical element suffix).

lang

Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев

Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев

named-after

Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев


acetabulum

la-noun

acētābulum n (genitive acētābulī); second declension

acētābulum (canonical neuter)
acētābulī (genitive)
acētābulum (nominative singular)
acētābula (nominative plural)
acētābulī (genitive singular)
acētābulōrum (genitive plural)
acētābulō (dative singular)
acētābulīs (dative plural)
acētābulum (accusative singular)
acētābula (accusative plural)
acētābulō (ablative singular)
acētābulīs (ablative plural)
acētābulum (singular vocative)
acētābula (plural vocative)
acetabulus (alternative)

→ Catalan: acetàbul

→ English: acetabulum

→ Esperanto: acetabulo

→ French: acétabule, acétabulum

Italian: acetabolo

→ Portuguese: acetábulo

→ Romanian: acetabul

→ Russian: ацетабул (acetabul)

→ Spanish: acetábulo

From acētum (“vinegar”) + -bulum (“a vessel for”).

suffix

(zootomy) acetabulum, the suckers or cavities in the arms of polypi

(botany) acetabulum, the cup of a flower


torus

la-noun

torus m (genitive torī); second declension

torī (genitive)
torus (nominative singular)
torī (nominative plural)
torī (genitive singular)
torōrum (genitive plural)
torō (dative singular)
torīs (dative plural)
torum (accusative singular)
torōs (accusative plural)
torō (ablative singular)
torīs (ablative plural)
tore (singular vocative)
torī (plural vocative)
torum (alternative)
thorus (alternative)

Asturian: tueru

→ English: torus

French: toron, tore (borrowed)

→ Galician: toro

Italian: toro

→ Portuguese: toro

Spanish: tuero, toro (borrowed)

Of uncertain origin.
De Vaan proposes a tentative derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *torh₂-os, from *terh₂- (“to cross, go through”). This is formally and semantically solid, though there is little linguistic evidence to support it.
An older theory by Leumann derived the word from sternō (“to spread”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to spread, extend”), but the connection between the two Latin words is semantically dubious (one would expect torus to be derived from a verb meaning "to turn" or "to knot" rather than "to spread").

der

(zootomy, usually poetic) muscular or fleshly part, muscle, brawn of an animal bodies

(transferred sense, botany) bulge, thickness of trees


Terra Australis

la-proper noun

Terra Austrālis f sg (genitive Terrae Austrālis); first declension

Terra Austrālis (canonical feminine singular)
Terrae Austrālis (genitive)
Terra Austrālis (nominative singular)
Terrae Austrālis (genitive singular)
Terrae Austrālī (dative singular)
Terram Austrālem (accusative singular)
Terrā Austrālī (ablative singular)
Terra Austrālis (singular vocative)

(geography) A hypothetical continent proposed, prior to the discovery of Australia, to exist in the Southern Hemisphere.


bacterium

la-noun

bactērium n (genitive bactēriī); second declension

bactērium (canonical neuter)
bactēriī (genitive)
bactērium (nominative singular)
bactēria (nominative plural)
bactēriī (genitive singular)
bactēriōrum (genitive plural)
bactēriō (dative singular)
bactēriīs (dative plural)
bactērium (accusative singular)
bactēria (accusative plural)
bactēriō (ablative singular)
bactēriīs (ablative plural)
bactērium (singular vocative)
bactēria (plural vocative)
bactērius (alternative)

From Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”), from βακτηρία (baktēría).


sagitta

la-noun

sagitta f (genitive sagittae); first declension

sagittae (genitive)
sagitta (nominative singular)
sagittae (nominative plural)
sagittae (genitive singular)
sagittārum (genitive plural)
sagittae (dative singular)
sagittīs (dative plural)
sagittam (accusative singular)
sagittās (accusative plural)
sagittā (ablative singular)
sagittīs (ablative plural)
sagitta (singular vocative)
sagittae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: sãdzeatã

Romanian: săgeată

Italo-Romance:

Italian: saetta

→ Maltese: sajjetta

Sicilian: sajitta

North Italian:

Friulian: saete

Istriot: sàita

Ladin: saëta, sita

Piedmontese: sajëta

Romansch: sajetta

Venetan: sita, saéta

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: saete, saiete; sajette (latinized)

French: sagette

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: sageta

Occitan: sageta

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: saeta

Old Galician-Portuguese: saeta

Galician: seta

Portuguese: seta

Spanish: saeta

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: saitta

Ancient borrowings:

→ Albanian: shigjetë

→ Tsakonian: σογίτθα (sogíttha)

→ Greek: σαΐτα (saḯta)

→ Old Irish: saiget (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *saɣeθ (see there for further descendants)

Later borrowings:

→ Catalan: sagita

→ English: sagitta

→ Esperanto: sago

→ Italian: sagitta

→ Translingual: Sagitta

→ Spanish: sagita

→ Volapük: sagit

Unknown etymology. Probably from a pre-Latin Mediterranean language.
A minority view connects it to sāgiō (“to perceive quickly or keenly”).

(botany) the extreme thin part of a vine branch or shoot


Venus

la-proper noun

Venus f (genitive Veneris); third declension

Veneris (genitive)
Venus (nominative singular)
Venerēs (nominative plural)
Veneris (genitive singular)
Venerum (genitive plural)
Venerī (dative singular)
Veneribus (dative plural)
Venerem (accusative singular)
Venerēs (accusative plural)
Venere (ablative singular)
Veneribus (ablative plural)
Venus (singular vocative)
Venerēs (plural vocative)

→ French: Vénus

→ Italian: Venere

→ Middle English: Venus
English: Venus

→ Portuguese: Vénus /Vênus

Sicilian: Vènniri

→ Spanish: Venus

From venus (“loveliness”), see there for more.


leo

la-noun

leō m (genitive leōnis); third declension

leō (canonical masculine)
leōnis (genitive)
leō (nominative singular)
leōnēs (nominative plural)
leōnis (genitive singular)
leōnum (genitive plural)
leōnī (dative singular)
leōnibus (dative plural)
leōnem (accusative singular)
leōnēs (accusative plural)
leōne (ablative singular)
leōnibus (ablative plural)
leō (singular vocative)
leōnēs (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: lionu

Italian: leone

Sicilian: liuni
→ Maltese: ljun

Romanian: leu

Venetan: leon, lion

Western Romance:

Gallo-italic:

Ligurian: lión

Lombard: leon

Piedmontese: lion, leon

Old French: lion (see there for further descendants)

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: lion

Romansch: liun

Old Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: lión

Old Leonese:

Asturian: llión, lleón

Leonese: llión

Old Occitan:

Catalan: lleó

Occitan: leon

Old Galician-Portuguese: leon

Galician: león

desctree

Portuguese: leão
Kabuverdianu: lion
Macanese: leám
Papiamentu: leon
→ Tetum: leaun

Old Spanish: leon (see there for further descendants)

Southern Romance:

Sardinian: leone, leoni, lioni

→ Albanian: luan

→ Basque: lehoi

→ Proto-Brythonic: *llew (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *lēwō (see there for further descendants)

→ Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)
→ Proto-Slavic: *lьvъ (see there for further descendants)

→ Old English: lēo

→ Old Irish: léoman, léo

Irish: leon

Scottish Gaelic: leòmhann

→ Old Norse: león, leó (see there for further descendants)

Translingual: †Microleo, †Priscileo, †Thylacoleo, †Wakaleo


luna

la-noun

lūna f (genitive lūnae); first declension

lūna (canonical feminine)
lūnae (genitive)
lūna (nominative singular)
lūnae (nominative plural)
lūnae (genitive singular)
lūnārum (genitive plural)
lūnae (dative singular)
lūnīs (dative plural)
lūnam (accusative singular)
lūnās (accusative plural)
lūnā (ablative singular)
lūnīs (ablative plural)
lūna (singular vocative)
lūnae (plural vocative)
Lūna (alternative)
losna (alternative)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: luna

Balkan-Romance:

Aromanian: lunã

Istro-Romanian: lurĕ

Megleno-Romanian: lună

Romanian: lună

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: luna

Dalmatian: loina

Italian: luna

Judeo-Italian: לוּנַה (lunah /luna/)

Neapolitan: luna

Sicilian: luna

Tarantino: lune

Venetan: łuna

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: lune

Ladin: löna, lùna

Romansch: glina

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: lünn-a

Old Lombard: luna

Lombard: lüna, löna

Piedmontese: lun-a

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: lluna

Franco-Provençal: lena

Occitan: luna

Old French: lune

Middle French: lune

French: lune

Norman: leune

Bourguignon: leugne

Walloon: lune

Ibero-Romance:

Old Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: luna

Old Leonese:

Asturian: lluna

Extremaduran: luna

Leonese: lluna

Mirandese: lhuna

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: lũa
Galician: lúa, Lúa
Portuguese: lua, Lua (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish:

Ladino: luna

Spanish: luna (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ English: lune, luna

→ Danish: lune

→ German: Laune

From Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-. By surface analysis, lūx + -na.
Cognates include Proto-Slavic *luna.


Uranus

la-proper noun

Ūranus m sg (genitive Ūranī); second declension

Ūranus (canonical masculine singular)
Ūranī (genitive)
Ūranus (nominative singular)
Ūranī (genitive singular)
Ūranō (dative singular)
Ūranum (accusative singular)
Ūranō (ablative singular)
Ūrane (singular vocative)
Ūranī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós), from οὐρανός (ouranós, “sky, heaven”)


Pluto

Plūtō m sg (genitive Plūtōnis); third declension

Plūtō (canonical masculine singular)
Plūtōnis (genitive)
Plūtō (nominative singular)
Plūtōnis (genitive singular)
Plūtōnī (dative singular)
Plūtōnem (accusative singular)
Plūtōne (ablative singular)
Plūtō (singular vocative)
Plūtōn (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn, “god of the underworld”).

bor

Plutoni status planetae abiudicatus est a congressu astronomico mundano, qui Pragam convenerat. Astronomi enim noluerunt alia corpora caelestia, quorum aliquot maiora sunt Plutone quaeque extra orbitam eius solem circumeunt, in planetarum numerum asciscere.

2006 September 1, “Der Monatsrückblick auf Latein: Nuntii Latini mensium Iulii et Augusti 2006”, in Radio Bremen, archived from the original on 2007-09-30:

Pluto's status as a planet was rejected by the World Astronomical Congress, which met in Prague. Astronomers were unwilling to include other celestial bodies, some of which are larger than Pluto and which orbit the Sun outside its orbit, in the number of planets.

(New Latin, astronomy) Pluto (dwarf planet)


genu

la-noun

genū̆ n (genitive genūs or genū); fourth declension

genū̆ (canonical neuter)
genūs (genitive)
genū (genitive)
genū̆ (nominative singular)
genua (nominative plural)
genūs (genitive singular)
genū (genitive singular)
genuum (genitive plural)
genū (dative singular)
genuī (dative singular)
genibus (dative plural)
genū̆ (accusative singular)
genua (accusative plural)
genū (ablative singular)
genibus (ablative plural)
genū̆ (singular vocative)
genua (plural vocative)
genum (alternative)
genus (alternative)

Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
de:Peter Stotz

Portuguese: geio (“terrace”) (Trás-os-Montes)

PIE word
 *ǵónu
From Proto-Italic *genu, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu. Cognate with Ancient Greek γόνῠ (gónŭ, “knee; plant node”), German Knie, English knee, Dutch knie.

cog

(transferred sense, botany) a knot, joint


oculus

la-noun

oculus m (genitive oculī); second declension

oculī (genitive)
oculus (nominative singular)
oculī (nominative plural)
oculī (genitive singular)
oculōrum (genitive plural)
oculō (dative singular)
oculīs (dative plural)
oculum (accusative singular)
oculōs (accusative plural)
oculō (ablative singular)
oculīs (ablative plural)
ocule (singular vocative)
oculī (plural vocative)
oclus (alternative proscribed)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: oclju

Megleno-Romanian: uocľu

Istro-Romanian: ocľu

Romanian: ochi

Dalmatian:

uaclo, vaclo

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: ochju

Italian: occhio

Neapolitan: uocchio

Tarantino: uècchije

Sassarese: occi

Sicilian: occhiu

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: ogru, ogu, oju, ogiu, ociu

Western Romance of N. Italy and environs:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: òć

Ligurian: éuggio, éuglio, éujo

Lombard: oeugg, oeugl

Piedmontese: eucc, euj

Romagnol: òcc

Friulian: voli

Istriot: uocio

Ladin: uedl

Romansch: egl, îgl, îl, ögl

Venetan: ocio

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: uely

Old French: ueil (see there for further descendants)

Occitano-Romance:

Old Occitan: olh
Occitan: uèlh

Catalan: ull

Aragonese: uello

Ibero-Romance:

Mozarabic: ולויש (wlwyš) (only the plural is attested)

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: güeyu

Leonese: gueyu

Mirandese: uolho

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: olho, ollo
Eonavian: oyo
Fala: ollu
Galician: ollo
Portuguese: olho (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: ojo

Ladino: ojo

Spanish: ojo (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowings:

→ Catalan: òcul (learned)

→ Czech: okulus (learned)

→ English: oculus, Oculi (learned)

→ Esperanto: okulo (learned)
→ Ido: okulo

→ French: oculus (learned)

→ Romanian: oculus (learned)

→ German: Okuli (learned)

→ Interlingua: oculo (learned)

→ Italian: oculo (learned)

→ Portuguese: óculo, óculos (learned)

→ Spanish: óculo (learned)

→ Swedish: oculus (learned)

From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”) with the diminutive suffix -ulus. Compare Sanskrit अक्षि (ákṣi, “eye”), Ancient Greek ὄσσε (ósse, “eyes”), ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”).

(transferred sense):
(botany):
eye, bud, bourgeon

bud, bulb or knob on many roots, on the reed, etc.

(transferred sense):
(botany):
great houseleek


galaxias

la-noun

galaxiās m (genitive galaxiae); first declension

galaxiās (canonical masculine)
galaxiae (genitive)
galaxiās (nominative singular)
galaxiae (nominative plural)
galaxiae (genitive singular)
galaxiārum (genitive plural)
galaxiae (dative singular)
galaxiīs (dative plural)
galaxiān (accusative singular)
galaxiās (accusative plural)
galaxiā (ablative singular)
galaxiīs (ablative plural)
galaxiā (singular vocative)
galaxiae (plural vocative)
galaxia (alternative)
Galaxia (alternative)
Galacia (alternative)

⇒ Medieval Latin: galaxia f

→ German: Galaxie f

→ Italian: galassia f

→ Old French: galaxie

Middle French: galaxie

French: galaxie f

→ Middle English: galaxye, galaxie

English: galaxy


syzygia

sȳzygia f (genitive sȳzygiae); first declension

sȳzygia (canonical feminine)
sȳzygiae (genitive)
sȳzygia (nominative singular)
sȳzygiae (nominative plural)
sȳzygiae (genitive singular)
sȳzygiārum (genitive plural)
sȳzygiae (dative singular)
sȳzygiīs (dative plural)
sȳzygiam (accusative singular)
sȳzygiās (accusative plural)
sȳzygiā (ablative singular)
sȳzygiīs (ablative plural)
sȳzygia (singular vocative)
sȳzygiae (plural vocative)

English: syzygy

French: syzygie


vagina

vāgīna f (genitive vāgīnae); first declension

vāgīna (canonical feminine)
vāgīnae (genitive)
vāgīna (nominative singular)
vāgīnae (nominative plural)
vāgīnae (genitive singular)
vāgīnārum (genitive plural)
vāgīnae (dative singular)
vāgīnīs (dative plural)
vāgīnam (accusative singular)
vāgīnās (accusative plural)
vāgīnā (ablative singular)
vāgīnīs (ablative plural)
vāgīna (singular vocative)
vāgīnae (plural vocative)
uāgīna (alternative)

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: vaina

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: bainha (“sheath”)
Galician: vaíña, baíña
Portuguese: bainha

Old Galician-Portuguese: (“pod”)

Fala: vaina

Galician: vaxa, gaxa, vaixa, varxa

Portuguese: vagem, vage, bagem

Spanish: vaina

⇒ Spanish: vainilla (see there for further descendants)

→ English: vanilla

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: beina

Occitan: gaina

Old French: guaïne

French: gaine

Gallo-Italic:

Piedmontese: vèina

Italo-Romance:

Italian: guaina

Borrowings:

→ Old Irish: faigen

Irish: faighin

Manx: fine

Scottish Gaelic: faighean

→ Proto-Brythonic: *gwėɣin (see there for further descendants)

→ Afrikaans: vagina

→ Albanian: vaginë, vagjinë

→ Aragonese: vachina

→ Asturian: vaxina

→ Azerbaijani: vagina

→ Belarusian: вагіна (vahina)

→ Bulgarian: вагина (vagina)

→ Catalan: vagina

→ Czech: vagína

→ Danish: vagina

→ Dutch: vagina

→ English: vagina

→ Finnish: vagina

→ French: vagin (see there for further descendants)

→ Friulian: vagine, vazine

→ Galician: vaxina

→ Georgian: ვაგინა (vagina)

→ German: Vagina

→ Japanese: ワギナ (wagina)

→ Korean: 바기나 (bagina)

→ Northern Kurdish: vajîna

→ Indonesian: vagina

→ Italian: vagina

→ Latvian: vagīna

→ Macedonian: вагина (vagina)

→ Maltese: vaġina

→ Norwegian Bokmål: vagina

→ Occitan: vagina

→ Portuguese: vagina

→ Russian: ваги́на (vagína)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вагина

Latin script: vagina

→ Sicilian: vajina, vagina

→ Slovak: vagína

→ Slovene: vagina

→ Spanish: vagina

→ Swedish: vagina

→ Turkish: vajina

→ Ukrainian: вагіна (vahina)

→ Uzbek: vagina

→ Venetan: vaxina, vazina

→ West Frisian: fagina

→ Yiddish: וואַגינע (vagine)

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wāgīnā
Latin vāgīna
From Proto-Italic *wāgīnā (“sheath, scabbard”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wag- (“sheath, cover”). Tentatively cognate with Lithuanian vóžti (“to cover”).

etymon

vāgīna

inh

(transferred sense) the covering, sheath, holder of anything


giraffa

la-noun

giraffa f (genitive giraffae); first declension

giraffae (genitive)
giraffa (nominative singular)
giraffae (nominative plural)
giraffae (genitive singular)
giraffārum (genitive plural)
giraffae (dative singular)
giraffīs (dative plural)
giraffam (accusative singular)
giraffās (accusative plural)
giraffā (ablative singular)
giraffīs (ablative plural)
giraffa (singular vocative)
giraffae (plural vocative)


caecus

la-adj

caecus (feminine caeca, neuter caecum); first/second-declension adjective

caeca (feminine)
caecum (neuter)
caecus (masculine nominative singular)
caeca (feminine nominative singular)
caecum (neuter nominative singular)
caecī (masculine nominative plural)
caecae (feminine nominative plural)
caeca (neuter nominative plural)
caecī (genitive masculine singular)
caecae (feminine genitive singular)
caecī (genitive neuter singular)
caecōrum (genitive masculine plural)
caecārum (feminine genitive plural)
caecōrum (genitive neuter plural)
caecō (dative masculine singular)
caecae (dative feminine singular)
caecō (dative neuter singular)
caecīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
caecum (accusative masculine singular)
caecam (accusative feminine singular)
caecum (accusative neuter singular)
caecōs (accusative masculine plural)
caecās (accusative feminine plural)
caeca (accusative neuter plural)
caecō (ablative masculine singular)
caecā (ablative feminine singular)
caecō (ablative neuter singular)
caecīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
caece (masculine singular vocative)
caeca (feminine singular vocative)
caecum (neuter singular vocative)
caecī (masculine plural vocative)
caecae (feminine plural vocative)
caeca (neuter plural vocative)
coecus (alternative)
cēcus (alternative)

Aragonese: ziego

Asturian: ciegu

→ English: caecum

Old French: cieu, ciu, cé, ci

→ French: cæcum

Italian: cieco

Northern Italo-Romance:

Romagnol: cig (San Marino)

Old Occitan:

Catalan: cec

Occitan: cèc

Old Galician-Portuguese: cego

Galician: cego

Portuguese: cego

Romanian: ceață

Sardinian:

Campidanese: tzegu

Logudorese: tzegu

Nuorese: tzecu

Old Spanish: ciego

Spanish: ciego

From Proto-Italic *kaikos (“blind, eyeless”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ikos (“one-eyed”). Cognates include Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃 (haihs), Old Irish cáech (“one-eyed”), caoch (“blind”).

(transferred sense, botany) without buds or eyes


pes

la-noun

pēs m (genitive pedis); third declension

pēs (canonical masculine)
pedis (genitive)
pēs (nominative singular)
pedēs (nominative plural)
pedis (genitive singular)
pedum (genitive plural)
pedī (dative singular)
pedibus (dative plural)
pedem (accusative singular)
pedēs (accusative plural)
pede (ablative singular)
pedibus (ablative plural)
pēs (singular vocative)
pedēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

⇒ Aromanian: pezã

Romanian: piez ⇒ piază

Dalmatian:

pi

Italo-Romance

Corsican: pede

Gallurese: pedi

Italian: piede

→ Esperanto: piedo

→ Ladino: piede (regional)

Neapolitan: pede

Sassarese: pedi

Sicilian: pedi, peri

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: pît

Romansch: pe

Padanian:

Istriot: peîe, pèie

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: pê

Piedmontese: pe

Romagnol: pè, pid (Rimini, San Marino)

Venetan: piè

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pièd

Norman: pid, pyid

desctree

Old French: pié, pé (Anglo-Norman), *pied, *piet
Middle French: pied
French: pied
Walloon: pî

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: peu

Old Occitan: pe
Occitan: pè

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: pie

Extremaduran: pie

Leonese: pía

Mirandese: pie

Old Navarro-Aragonese: pie, pied

Aragonese: piet

Old Galician-Portuguese: pee
Galician: pé
Portuguese: pé

Old Spanish: pie
Ladino: pye
Spanish: pie

Sardinian:

Campidanese: pei

Logudorese: pe

Nuorese: pede

Derived forms:

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pedicāre

Catalan: petjar

Borrowings:

→ English: pes

→ Ido: pedo

→ Interlingua: pede

→⇒ German: stante pede

From Proto-Italic *pets, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (compare Sanskrit पद् (pád), Ancient Greek πούς (poús) and Old English fōt, whence English foot).

(zoology) any equivalent body part of an animal, including hooves, paws, etc.

a foot, in its senses as
(geography) the base of a mountain

a foot, in its senses as
the base of a mountain

(botany) the pedicel or stalk of a fruit


Iuppiter

la-proper noun

Iuppiter m (genitive Iovis); third declension

Iovis (genitive)
Iuppiter (nominative singular)
Iovēs (nominative plural)
Iovis (genitive singular)
Iovum (genitive plural)
Iovī (dative singular)
Iovibus (dative plural)
Iovem (accusative singular)
Iovēs (accusative plural)
Iove (ablative singular)
Iovibus (ablative plural)
Iuppiter (singular vocative)
Iovēs (plural vocative)
Iūpiter (alternative)
Jūpiter (alternative)
Juppiter (alternative)
Iovis (alternative)

→ Afrikaans: Jupiter

→ Arabic: جُوبِيتَر (jūbītar)

→ Armenian: Յուպիտեր (Yupiter)

Asturian: Xúpiter

→ Azerbaijani: Yupiter

→ Bashkir: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Basque: Jupiter

→ Bulgarian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

Catalan: Júpiter

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 朱庇特 (Zhūbìtè)

Cantonese: 朱庇特 (zyu1 bei3 dak6)

→ Cornish: Jubyter, Yow

→ Czech: Jupiter

→ Dutch: Jupiter

→ English: Jupiter, Jove

→ Esperanto: Jupitero

→ Estonian: Jupiter

→ Finnish: Juppiter, Jupiter

Franco-Provençal: Jupitèr

French: Jupiter

Galician: Xúpiter

→ German: Jupiter

→ Hungarian: Jupiter

→ Icelandic: Júpíter

→ Indonesian: Yupiter

→ Irish: Iúpatar

Italian: Giove

→ Latvian: Jupiters

→ Lithuanian: Jupiteris

→ Macedonian: Јупитер (Jupiter)

→ Maltese: Ġovè

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: Юпи́теръ (Jupíter), Упи́теръ (Upíter)
Belarusian: Юпі́тэр (Jupíter)
Carpathian Rusyn: Юпі́тер (Jupíter)
Ukrainian: Юпі́тер (Jupíter); юпі́тер (jupíter)

→ Persian: ژوپیتر (župiter)

→ Polish: Jowisz, Jupiter

Portuguese: Júpiter

→ Romanian: Jupiter

→ Russian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Jùpiter/Ју̀питер

→ Slovak: Jupiter

→ Slovene: Júpiter

Spanish: Júpiter

→ Swedish: Jupiter

→ Tagalog: Hupiter

→ Turkish: Jüpiter

→ Tuvan: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Wolof: Yupiter

→ Yoruba: Júpítérì

→ Zulu: uJupitheri

The nominative Iuppiter, for Iūpiter (with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per the "littera" rule), comes from the vocative combined with pater, and essentially meant "father Jove"; from Proto-Italic *djous patēr, from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), root nomen agentis from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Cognate with Umbrian 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), and in other branches of Indo-European Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyáuṣ-pitṛ́), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”). Equivalent to diēs (cf. Iovis) + pater.
The oblique cases Iov-, Iovis continue the inflection of Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Cognates are Latin diēs (originating from the accusative case of *djous) and Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).


Mercurius

la-proper noun

Mercurius m sg (genitive Mercuriī or Mercurī); second declension

Mercuriī (genitive)
Mercurī (genitive)
Mercurius (nominative singular)
Mercuriī (genitive singular)
Mercurī (genitive singular)
Mercuriō (dative singular)
Mercurium (accusative singular)
Mercuriō (ablative singular)
Mercurī (singular vocative)

→ Bulgarian: Меркурий (Merkurij)

→ Catalan: Mercuri (learned)

→ Czech: Merkur

→ Danish: Merkur

→ Middle English: Mercurie, mercurie

English: Mercury, mercury

→ Finnish: Merkurius

→ French: Mercure (learned)

→ Galician: Mercurio (learned)

→ German: Merkur

→ Indonesian: Merkurius

→ Italian: Mercurio (learned)

→ Latvian: Merkur

→ Portuguese: Mercúrio (learned)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *Merxür

Breton: Merc'her

Cornish: Merher

Middle Welsh: Merchyr

Welsh: Mercher

→ Russian: Меркурий (Merkurij)

→ Spanish: Mercurio (learned)

→ Swedish: Merkurius

→ Ukrainian: Меркурій (Merkurij)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *mercuriāgo

Catalan: melcoratge

Possibly from merx (“merchandise”), or perhaps from Etruscan and influenced by merx.

(alchemy, chemistry) quicksilver, mercury


electrum

la-noun

ēlectrum n (genitive ēlectrī); second declension

ēlectrum (canonical neuter)
ēlectrī (genitive)
ēlectrum (nominative singular)
ēlectra (nominative plural)
ēlectrī (genitive singular)
ēlectrōrum (genitive plural)
ēlectrō (dative singular)
ēlectrīs (dative plural)
ēlectrum (accusative singular)
ēlectra (accusative plural)
ēlectrō (ablative singular)
ēlectrīs (ablative plural)
ēlectrum (singular vocative)
ēlectra (plural vocative)

Old French: eleutre


baculum

baculum n (genitive baculī); second declension

baculī (genitive)
baculum (nominative singular)
bacula (nominative plural)
baculī (genitive singular)
baculōrum (genitive plural)
baculō (dative singular)
baculīs (dative plural)
baculum (accusative singular)
bacula (accusative plural)
baculō (ablative singular)
baculīs (ablative plural)
baculum (singular vocative)
bacula (plural vocative)
baculus (alternative rare)
vaclus (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)

Catalan: bàcul

English: baculum

French: bâcle

Galician: bagoo (archaic), báculo (borrowing)

Irish: bachall

Italian: abbacchio, bacchio, bacolo

→ Portuguese: báculo (learned)

Sardinian: baculu

→ Spanish: báculo (learned)

→ Welsh: bagl (“crook, staff”)

From Proto-Italic *bakklom, from Proto-Indo-European *baktlom, from *bak- (“stick”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), βακτηρία (baktēría), English peg. See also beccus.


Orion

la-proper noun

Ōrīōn m sg (genitive Ōrīōnis); third declension

Ōrīōn (canonical masculine singular)
Ōrīōnis (genitive)
Ōrīōn (nominative singular)
Ōrīōnis (genitive singular)
Ōrīōnī (dative singular)
Ōrīōnem (accusative singular)
Ōrīōne (ablative singular)
Ōrīōn (singular vocative)

→ Middle English: Orioun (learned)

English: Orion

→ Portuguese: Orion (learned)

→ Sicilian: Uriuni


Europa

Eurōpa f sg (genitive Eurōpae); first declension

Eurōpa (canonical feminine singular)
Eurōpae (genitive)
Eurōpa (nominative singular)
Eurōpae (genitive singular)
Eurōpae (dative singular)
Eurōpam (accusative singular)
Eurōpā (ablative singular)
Eurōpa (singular vocative)
Eurōpē (alternative)

Catalan: Europa

Italian: Europa

→ Sicilian: Europa

→ Turkish: Avrupa

Old French:

Middle French:

French: Europe

Old Spanish:

Spanish: Europa

Sicilian: Aurupa

Bulgarian: Европа (Evropa)

Mandarin: 歐羅巴 /欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā)

Middle Dutch: europa

Dutch: Europa (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Middle English: Europe
English: Europe, Europa (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Europe

Middle High German: Eurōpā
German: Europa

Old Galician-Portuguese: Europa, Eyropa
Fala: Europa
Galician: Europa
Portuguese: Europa
→ Burmese: ဥရောပ (u.rau:pa.)
→ Hunsrik: Ëuropa
→ Japanese: ヨーロッパ (Yōroppa)

Romanian: Europa

Russian: Европа (Jevropa)

>? Tamil: ஐரோப்பா (airōppā)

Borrowed from Doric Greek Εὐρώπα (Eurṓpa); cognate with Attic Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē).

la:52 Europa
la:Europa
la:Europa (mythologia)
la:Europa (satelles)

(New Latin, astronomy) Europa (a moon in Jupiter)

(New Latin, astronomy) Europa (52 Europa, a main belt asteroid; not to be confused with the Jovian moon)


lepus

la-noun

lepus m (genitive leporis); third declension

leporis (genitive)
lepus (nominative singular)
leporēs (nominative plural)
leporis (genitive singular)
leporum (genitive plural)
leporī (dative singular)
leporibus (dative plural)
leporem (accusative singular)
leporēs (accusative plural)
lepore (ablative singular)
leporibus (ablative plural)
lepus (singular vocative)
leporēs (plural vocative)

Balkano-Romance:

Aromanian: ljepuri

Romanian: iepure

→ Proto-Albanian:

desc

Albanian: lepur, lepër — Gheg, lepën — Gheg

Italo-Dalmatian:

>? Corsican: levra

Dalmatian: lipro

Italian: lepre

Neapolitan: lèbbre, lèparu, lèpra

>? Sicilian: lepru, dièvuru, lebbru

→ Maltese: liebru

Venetan: lievro, liéore

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: jeur

Ladin: liever

Romansch: lieur

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: lîvra

Lombard: legor, légur

Piedmontese: levr

Romagnol: lìvri

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: llebre

Franco-Provençal: liévra

Occitan: lèbre

Old French: lievre (see there for further descendants)

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: liebre

Asturian: llebre

Galician: lebre

Portuguese: lebre

desctree

Old Spanish: liebre
Spanish: liebre
→ Tagalog: liyebre

Insular Romance:

Pre-Corsican:

Gallurese: lepparu

Sassarese: lepparu

Sardinian: leppore

Borrowings:

→ Translingual: Lepus

Unknown. Perhaps not an Indo-European word. It may be of Iberian origin, or else of Celtiberian substrate origin and related to Massaliot λεβηρίς (lebērís, “European rabbit”).

Leporis autem hanc historiam memoriae prōdidērunt.

The following story of the Hare has been recorded.


cervix

la-noun

cervīx f (genitive cervīcis); third declension

cervīx (canonical feminine)
cervīcis (genitive)
cervīx (nominative singular)
cervīcēs (nominative plural)
cervīcis (genitive singular)
cervīcum (genitive plural)
cervīcī (dative singular)
cervīcibus (dative plural)
cervīcem (accusative singular)
cervīcēs (accusative plural)
cervīce (ablative singular)
cervīcibus (ablative plural)
cervīx (singular vocative)
cervīcēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: cerbice

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: serviu

Old French: cerviz ⇒ cervele, chervele (Picard)

Middle French: cevich

Old Occitan: cervitz ⇒ cervigal

Ibero-Romance:

Portuguese: cerviz

Spanish: cerviz

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cervice

Sicilian: cirbici

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: cèrvix

→ Dutch: cervix

→ English: cervix

→ Malay: serviks

→ Portuguese: cérvice, cérvix

→ Romanian: cervix

→ Spanish: cervix

According to one hypothesis, from Proto-Italic *kerweiks, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂(s)weyk-s, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-(s-) (“the head”) (compare cerebrum) and *weyk- (“to curve, bend”) (compare vinciō), literally “where the head turns”. De Vaan rejects this etymology, calling it "semantically very doubtful". For the hypothesized sense development, compare Proto-Slavic *vortъ (“neck”) from Proto-Slavic *vortiti (“to turn, return”), from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, rotate”); Proto-Slavic *kъrkъ (“neck”) (<< Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”)). Also compare collum.

m+

apta iugō cervīx nōn est feriendā secūrī:

The neck suitable for the yoke should not be struck by the axe:
may it live long and labor often in the hard soil.
(Agriculture dawns as Ceres teaches humans to yoke oxen to the plow and instead use other animals for sacrificial rites. See Ceres (mythology).)

levis odorato cervix manabit olivo

30 BCE – 16 BCE, Propertius, Elegies 3.17–18

Your smooth throat glistening with scented oil
the flowing robe will brush your naked feet.


mica

la-noun

mīca f (genitive mīcae); first declension

mīca (canonical feminine)
mīcae (genitive)
mīca (nominative singular)
mīcae (nominative plural)
mīcae (genitive singular)
mīcārum (genitive plural)
mīcae (dative singular)
mīcīs (dative plural)
mīcam (accusative singular)
mīcās (accusative plural)
mīcā (ablative singular)
mīcīs (ablative plural)
mīca (singular vocative)
mīcae (plural vocative)
mīcca (alternative)

Eastern Romance:

Romanian: mică

Italian: mica

Old French: mie
French: mie

Old Galician-Portuguese: miga

Galician: miga

Portuguese: miga

Old Spanish: miga

Spanish: miga

→ English: mica

→ French: mica

→ Galician: mica

→ Portuguese: mica

→ Spanish: mica

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *mīcca

Aragonese: mica (in no mica "not")

Old French: miche

French: miche

→ Basque: mitsika

→ Breton: méchen

→ Portuguese: micha

Italian: frammica (“crumb”) (Marche)

Ligurian: micca (“a small loaf”) (Genoa)

Piedmontese: mica

Old Occitan:

Catalan: mica

Occitan: mica

→ Alemannic German: Miigge

→ Dutch: mik

→ West Frisian: mik

Calabrian dialect
Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch

Uncertain:
* traditionally derived from Proto-Italic *(s)mīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meyk- (“small, thin, delicate”), related to Ancient Greek (σ)μῑκρός ((s)mīkrós) – details there.
* in view of meaning (1), De Vaan (2008) with Nyman (1987) prefer Proto-Italic *meikā (“a glittering particle”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyk- (“to blink”), whence also micō.
Attested from Cato onwards.
A number of Romance forms, e.g. Romanian mic, Neapolitan miccu, Calabrian/Sicilian miccu, reflect an unattested adjective *mīccus. This is probably unrelated, being a borrowing from Ancient Greek μῑκκός (mīkkós), variant of μῑκρός (mīkrós, “small”); the form *mīcca is associated with the meaning “loaf of bread” particularly in Gallo-Romance and Gallo-Italic.


thymus

la-noun

thymus m (genitive thymī); second declension

thymī (genitive)
thymus (nominative singular)
thymī (nominative plural)
thymī (genitive singular)
thymōrum (genitive plural)
thymō (dative singular)
thymīs (dative plural)
thymum (accusative singular)
thymōs (accusative plural)
thymō (ablative singular)
thymīs (ablative plural)
thyme (singular vocative)
thymī (plural vocative)

→ English: thymus

From Ancient Greek θύμος (thúmos, “warty excrescence”, “thymus gland”).

der

[…], redolentque thymo fragrantia mella.

[…], and the fragrant honey spreads back in the air its odour of thyme.


vis

la-noun

vīs f (genitive vīs); irregular, third declension

vīs (canonical feminine)
vīs (genitive)
vīs (nominative singular)
vīrēs (nominative plural)
vīs (genitive singular)
vīrium (genitive plural)
vī (dative singular)
vīribus (dative plural)
vim (accusative singular)
vīrēs (accusative plural)
vīrīs (accusative plural)
vī (ablative singular)
vīribus (ablative plural)
vīs (singular vocative)
vīrēs (plural vocative)

→ English: vis, vim

From Proto-Italic *wīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s (“force, vehemence”), from *weyh₁- (“to rush”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “strength”), Sanskrit वयस् (vayas, “enjoyment, vigor, youth, age”). See also via, invītus, invītō, Ancient Greek οἶμος (oîmos).


glans

la-noun

glāns f (genitive glandis); third declension

glāns (canonical feminine)
glandis (genitive)
glāns (nominative singular)
glandēs (nominative plural)
glandis (genitive singular)
glandium (genitive plural)
glandum (genitive plural)
glandī (dative singular)
glandibus (dative plural)
glandem (accusative singular)
glandēs (accusative plural)
glande (ablative singular)
glandibus (ablative plural)
glāns (singular vocative)
glandēs (plural vocative)
glandō (alternative obsolete)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: gljindã

Romanian: ghindă

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ghianda, ajjanna (Reati)

Sicilian: ghianna

Calabrian: aghianda

Padanian:

Friulian: gland, glant

Ladin: gian

Piedmontese: giand, agian, gianda

desc

Romansch: glogn, glonda, galonda, glanda

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: glland, agllan, allan, llan

Valdôtain: llande, llan

Old French: glant, glande

French: gland, glande

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: glan

Belsetán: lan

Ribagorçan: llan

Old Catalan: glan, aglan

Catalan: gla, aglá

Old Occitan: glan, aglan

Occitan: agland (silent ⟨d⟩)

Gascon: gland

Vivaro-Alpine: gland, alhand

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: llande

Portuguese: lande

Spanish: lande (Álava), llande (regional?)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian:

Campidanese: landi

Logudorese: lande, landa

Nuorese: grande, lande, lanne

Vulgar Latin: glandinis

Neapolitan: ghialne (Andria)

Piedmontese: giandr

Sardinian: landiri (Campidanese)

Spanish: landre

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: gland

→ English: gland, glans

→ French: glande

→ Galician: glande

→ Italian: glande

→ Portuguese: glande

→ Romanian: gland

→ Russian: гла́нды (glándy)

→ Spanish: glande

⇒ Translingual: Glandirana

From Proto-Italic *glānts, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₂- (“acorn”).

(weaponry) an acorn-shaped ball of lead or clay, hurled at the enemy

(transferred sense)
(New Latin, firearms) a bullet


nova

la-noun

nova f (genitive novae); first declension

novae (genitive)
nova (nominative singular)
novae (nominative plural)
novae (genitive singular)
novārum (genitive plural)
novae (dative singular)
novīs (dative plural)
novam (accusative singular)
novās (accusative plural)
novā (ablative singular)
novīs (ablative plural)
nova (singular vocative)
novae (plural vocative)

Noun use of the feminine form of novus (“new”).


Lucifer

la-proper noun

Lūcifer m sg (genitive Lūciferī); second declension

Lūcifer (canonical masculine singular)
Lūciferī (genitive)
Lūcifer (nominative singular)
Lūciferī (genitive singular)
Lūciferō (dative singular)
Lūciferum (accusative singular)
Lūciferō (ablative singular)
Lūcifer (singular vocative)
lūcifer (alternative)

Aromanian: lutseafir

Romanian: Luceafăr

→ Catalan: Llucifer, lucífer

→ French: Lucifer

→ English: luciferous, Lucifer

→ Italian: lucifero, Lucifero

desc

→ Polish: lucyfer, Lucyfer, lucyper, Lucyper

→ Portuguese: lucífero, Lúcifer

→ Romanian: Lucifer

→ Spanish: lucífero, Lucifer, Luzbel

→ German: Luzifer

From lūx + -fer, calque of Ancient Greek Φωσφόρος (Phōsphóros).

cal

(astronomy) morning star, daystar, planet Venus


fasciculus

la-noun

fasciculus m (genitive fasciculī); second declension

fasciculī (genitive)
fasciculus (nominative singular)
fasciculī (nominative plural)
fasciculī (genitive singular)
fasciculōrum (genitive plural)
fasciculō (dative singular)
fasciculīs (dative plural)
fasciculum (accusative singular)
fasciculōs (accusative plural)
fasciculō (ablative singular)
fasciculīs (ablative plural)
fascicule (singular vocative)
fasciculī (plural vocative)

→ English: fascicle, fasciculus

French: fascicule

→ German: Faszikel

Italian: fascicolo

→ Portuguese: fascículo

→ Spanish: fascículo


Perseus

la-proper noun

Perseus m sg (genitive Perseos or Perseī); variously declined, third declension, second declension

Perseus (canonical masculine singular)
variously declined (canonical)
Perseos (genitive)
Perseī (genitive)
Perse͡us (nominative singular)
Perseos (genitive singular)
Perseī (genitive singular)
Perseō (dative singular)
Persea (accusative singular)
Perseum (accusative singular)
Perseō (ablative singular)
Perse͡u (singular vocative)


ananas

la-noun

ananās m (genitive ananae); first declension

ananās (canonical feminine)
ananās (canonical masculine)
ananae (genitive)
ananās (nominative singular)
ananae (nominative plural)
ananae (genitive singular)
ananārum (genitive plural)
ananae (dative singular)
ananīs (dative plural)
ananān (accusative singular)
ananās (accusative plural)
ananā (ablative singular)
ananīs (ablative plural)
ananā (singular vocative)
ananae (plural vocative)
ananāsa (alternative)
ananassa (alternative)
ananas (alternative)
-atis (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish ananás from Portuguese ananás or borrowed directly from Portuguese, from Old Tupi naná (“pineapple”).

De Ananas. [...] Eius radix carduo eduli perquam similis est, sed & folia non sunt disparia, tametsi ad Ananas siluestris folia magis acedant. [...] De Ananas siluestri. Ananas siluestris descriptio. Altius assurgit qui Ananas siluestris nuncupatur: [...]

1582, Christophori a Costa Aromatum & medicamentorum in Orientali India nascentium liber, Antverpia, page 70–71

[Note: Here the word is indeclinable (in the singular).]
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Acosta Ananas historiam nunc adscribamus. [...] Ananas fructus est [...] Ananas siluestris, folio aloes fructu Cupressino. [picture] Altius alsurgit qui Ananas siluestris nuncupatur:

1651, Ioh. (= Joannes) Bauhinus and Ioh. Hen. (= Joannes Henricus) Cherlerus, Uniuersalis Plantarum Historiae = Historia plantarum uniuersalis, noua, et absolutissima, cum consensu et dissensu circa eas. Tomus III, Ebrodunum, page 95–96 (the book has pictures)

Ad Cap. De Ananas. 1. Ananas sylv. non spinosa [...] 2. Ananas sylvestris Brasiliana [...] Ananas vulgaris habet spinas ad margines foliorum omnes sursum tendentes. [..] 3. Ananas Americana sylvestris altera minor, nostratibus Barbados & Jamaicae insularum colonis Pinguin dicta Pluk. Almag. Botan. T. 258. F. 4. [...]
[...] cum Anana sylvstri Acosta
[Note: Here the word is feminine and both indeclinable (in the singular) and of the first declension.]

1704, Joannes Raius, Historiae Plantarum tomus tertius, London, section 665, pages 638–639:

Pinguin nomine passim in Hortis Curiosorum & in Insulis Anglorum Americanis nota est haec planta, quae folia, modum nascendi & faciem cum Anana communem habet [...] Porro corona foliosa, quam Ananas gerit, huic generi deest: foliorum aculei rigidiores sunt, majores & minus, ac in Anana, crebri. [...] E mediis foliis scapus exit crassus, unciali & sesquiunciali diametro praeditus, teres, brevior & robustior, quam Ananae, minus etiam nudus, dictis foliis rubentibus, ad basim squamatim eum amplectenibus, cinctus, e quo dein superiora versus aliae squamae breviores, latae, membranaceae, exsuccae, obsolete albidae progrediuntur, & ex harum sinu flores & embryones in spicam pyramidatam digesti nascuntur, pediculo communi crasso brevi insidentes, inferius plures, tres, quatuor & quinque, superius pauciores, gemini & tandem solitarii. [...] De eo mihi constat, esse plantam, quae vocatur Ananas Americana sylvestris altera minor, Barbados & Insulae Jamaicae nostratibus colonis Pinguin dicta Pluken. Alm. p. 29. Tab. 258. f. 4. quae figura ad juniorem plantam minore quantitate facta est sine floribus, nec aliam ejus vel cum, vel fine floribus iconem prostare memini.

1732, Johannes Jacobus Dillenius, Plantarum rariorum horti elthamensis tomus alter, which followed Hortus elthamensis seu Plantarum rariorum (London, 1732), page 320–321 (the book has pictures)

[Note: Here the word is of the first declension.]
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


momentum

mōmentum n (genitive mōmentī); second declension

mōmentum (canonical neuter)
mōmentī (genitive)
mōmentum (nominative singular)
mōmenta (nominative plural)
mōmentī (genitive singular)
mōmentōrum (genitive plural)
mōmentō (dative singular)
mōmentīs (dative plural)
mōmentum (accusative singular)
mōmenta (accusative plural)
mōmentō (ablative singular)
mōmentīs (ablative plural)
mōmentum (singular vocative)
mōmenta (plural vocative)

Albanian: mënd

Asturian: momentu

Catalan: moment

Dutch: moment

→ English: momentum

Esperanto: momento

Friulian: moment

Galician: momento

German: Moment

Irish: móimint

Italian: momento

Ladin: mument, mumënt

Old French: moment

→ Middle English: moment

English: moment

Middle French: moment

French: moment

→ Romanian: moment

→ Middle Dutch: moment

desctree

Dutch: moment
Afrikaans: moment
→ Indonesian: momen

Occitan: moment

Polish: moment

Portuguese: momento

Romansch: mument, mumaint

Russian: моме́нт (momént)

Sardinian: mamentu, mementu, momentu

Scottish Gaelic: mòmaid

Sicilian: mumentu

Spanish: momento

Venetan: momento, mumento

From *movimentum (compare later Medieval Latin movimentum), from Proto-Italic *mowementom. Equivalent to moveō (“move, set in motion; excite”) + -mentum (“suffix used to forming nouns from verbs”).

(New Latin, physics) momentum, quantity of motion

(New Latin, physics, mechanics) moment (product of a distance and physical quantity)


-is

la-suffix-noun

-is f (genitive -idis); third declension

-idis (genitive)
-is (nominative singular)
-ides (nominative plural)
-idēs (nominative plural)
-idos (genitive singular)
-idis (genitive singular)
-idum (genitive plural)
-idī (dative singular)
-idibus (dative plural)
-ida (accusative singular)
-idem (accusative singular)
-idas (accusative plural)
-idēs (accusative plural)
-ide (ablative singular)
-idibus (ablative plural)
-is (singular vocative)
-i (singular vocative)
-ides (plural vocative)
-idēs (plural vocative)

English: -id

French: -ide

Italian: -ide

found in borrowings from Greek, suffixed to the root of masculine nouns, forms feminine nouns of the third declension


Saturnus

la-proper noun

Sāturnus m (genitive Sāturnī); second declension

Sāturnus (canonical masculine)
Sāturnī (genitive)
Sāturnus (nominative singular)
Sāturnī (nominative plural)
Sāturnī (genitive singular)
Sāturnōrum (genitive plural)
Sāturnō (dative singular)
Sāturnīs (dative plural)
Sāturnum (accusative singular)
Sāturnōs (accusative plural)
Sāturnō (ablative singular)
Sāturnīs (ablative plural)
Sāturne (singular vocative)
Sāturnī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: Shtunë

→ English: Saturn

→ German: Saturn

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Saturno
Galician: Saturno
Portuguese: Saturno

→ Proto-Brythonic: *Sadurn (from Vulgar Latin Săturnus)

Breton: Sadorn

Cornish: Sadorn

Middle Welsh: Sadwrn

Welsh: Sadwrn

→ Proto-West Germanic: *Sāturnas dag (see there for further descendants)

Probably from Etruscan 𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌄 (satre); alternative derivation from Latin satus, the past participle of serō (“to sow”), is then mere folk-etymology.


masculus

la-adj

masculus (feminine mascula, neuter masculum); first/second-declension adjective

mascula (feminine)
masculum (neuter)
masculus (masculine nominative singular)
mascula (feminine nominative singular)
masculum (neuter nominative singular)
masculī (masculine nominative plural)
masculae (feminine nominative plural)
mascula (neuter nominative plural)
masculī (genitive masculine singular)
masculae (feminine genitive singular)
masculī (genitive neuter singular)
masculōrum (genitive masculine plural)
masculārum (feminine genitive plural)
masculōrum (genitive neuter plural)
masculō (dative masculine singular)
masculae (dative feminine singular)
masculō (dative neuter singular)
masculīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
masculum (accusative masculine singular)
masculam (accusative feminine singular)
masculum (accusative neuter singular)
masculōs (accusative masculine plural)
masculās (accusative feminine plural)
mascula (accusative neuter plural)
masculō (ablative masculine singular)
masculā (ablative feminine singular)
masculō (ablative neuter singular)
masculīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mascule (masculine singular vocative)
mascula (feminine singular vocative)
masculum (neuter singular vocative)
masculī (masculine plural vocative)
masculae (feminine plural vocative)
mascula (neuter plural vocative)
masclus (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)
mascel (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)

From mās ("male") + -culus (diminutive ending).


gravitas

la-noun

gravitās f (genitive gravitātis); third declension

gravitās (canonical feminine)
gravitātis (genitive)
gravitās (nominative singular)
gravitātēs (nominative plural)
gravitātis (genitive singular)
gravitātum (genitive plural)
gravitātī (dative singular)
gravitātibus (dative plural)
gravitātem (accusative singular)
gravitātēs (accusative plural)
gravitāte (ablative singular)
gravitātibus (ablative plural)
gravitās (singular vocative)
gravitātēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: griutati

Catalan: gravetat

→ Dutch: graviteit

→ English: gravitas, gravity

→ French: gravité

→ Romanian: gravitate

Galician: gravidade

→ German: Gravität

Italian: grevità, → gravità

Old French: grieté

→ Portuguese: gravidade

Romanian: greutate

Spanish: gravedad


aqua fortis

aqua fortis f (genitive aquae fortis); first declension

aquae fortis (genitive)
aqua fortis (nominative singular)
aquae fortēs (nominative plural)
aquae fortis (genitive singular)
aquārum fortium (genitive plural)
aquae fortī (dative singular)
aquīs fortibus (dative plural)
aquam fortem (accusative singular)
aquās fortēs (accusative plural)
aquās fortīs (accusative plural)
aquā fortī (ablative singular)
aquīs fortibus (ablative plural)
aqua fortis (singular vocative)
aquae fortēs (plural vocative)

→ English: aqua fortis (learned)

From aqua (“water”) + fortis (“strong”), for being a liquid capable of dissolving metals.

aqua fortis
(archaic, chemistry) nitric acid


Andromeda

la-proper noun

Andromeda f sg (genitive Andromedae); first declension

Andromedae (genitive)
Andromeda (nominative singular)
Andromedae (genitive singular)
Andromedae (dative singular)
Andromedam (accusative singular)
Andromedā (ablative singular)
Andromeda (singular vocative)
Andromedē (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀνδρομέδα (Androméda).

(New Latin, astronomy) the constellation Andromeda

(New Latin, astronomy) the Andromeda Galaxy


anguis

la-noun

anguis m or f (genitive anguis); third declension

anguis (genitive)
anguis (nominative singular)
anguēs (nominative plural)
anguis (genitive singular)
anguium (genitive plural)
anguī (dative singular)
anguibus (dative plural)
anguem (accusative singular)
anguēs (accusative plural)
anguīs (accusative plural)
angue (ablative singular)
anguī (ablative singular)
anguibus (ablative plural)
anguis (singular vocative)
anguēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *anɣʷis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éngʷʰis (“snake”). Cognates include Old Prussian angis, Old Armenian աւձ (awj), Old High German unc, unko (“snake”), and Old East Slavic ѫжь (ǫžĭ).


Gemini

la-proper noun

Geminī m pl (genitive Geminōrum); second declension

Geminī (canonical masculine plural)
Geminōrum (genitive)
Geminī (nominative plural)
Geminōrum (genitive plural)
Geminīs (dative plural)
Geminōs (accusative plural)
Geminīs (ablative plural)
Geminī (plural vocative)

→ English: Gemini

(astronomy, astrology) Gemini (The Twins)


Luna

Lūna f sg (genitive Lūnae); first declension

Lūna (canonical feminine singular)
Lūnae (genitive)
Lūna (nominative singular)
Lūnae (genitive singular)
Lūnae (dative singular)
Lūnam (accusative singular)
Lūnā (ablative singular)
Lūna (singular vocative)

The same word as lūna (“moon”), taken as a proper noun.

AD 334–7, Julius Firmicus Maternus (author), Wilhelm Kroll and Franz Skutsch (editors), Matheseos libri VIII, Leipzig: In aedibus B. G. Teubneri, volume I: Libros IV priores et quinti prooemium continens (1897), book iv, chapter i, § 10 (page 199, lines 16–19)

Est itaque Luna aut synodica aut plena aut dichotomos aut menoides aut amficyrtos et per has mutata formas cursum menstrui luminis complet.

(astronomy) alternative letter-case form of lūna (“the Moon”)


Mars

Mārs m sg (genitive Mārtis); third declension

Mārs (canonical masculine singular)
Mārtis (genitive)
Mārs (nominative singular)
Mārtis (genitive singular)
Mārtī (dative singular)
Mārtem (accusative singular)
Mārte (ablative singular)
Mārs (singular vocative)

From Old Latin Māvors, from Proto-Italic *Māwortis, or from Proto-Italic *Māmart-. If Māvors indeed comes from *Māmart-, the apparent change */-m-/ to */-w-/ is a unique and isolated change. Mamers was his Oscan name. He was also known as Marmor, Marmar and Maris, the latter from the Etruscan deity Maris. See also the Lapis Satricanus, where 𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓𐌕𐌄𐌆 (Mamartei) is attested. Possibly also related to Sanskrit मरुत् (marut, “Maruts, violent storm-gods”).


Sagitta

la-proper noun

Sagitta f sg (genitive Sagittae); first declension

Sagittae (genitive)
Sagitta (nominative singular)
Sagittae (genitive singular)
Sagittae (dative singular)
Sagittam (accusative singular)
Sagittā (ablative singular)
Sagitta (singular vocative)

→ English: Sagitta


Sol

la-noun

Sōl m sg (genitive Sōlis); third declension

Sōl (canonical masculine singular)
Sōlis (genitive)
Sōl (nominative singular)
Sōlis (genitive singular)
Sōlī (dative singular)
Sōlem (accusative singular)
Sōle (ablative singular)
Sōl (singular vocative)

The same word as sōl (“sun”), taken as a proper noun. The Roman author Varro claims that the term was either borrowed from Sabine or derives from sōlus, because the Sun is the sole source of daylight.

(astronomy) alternative letter-case form of sōl (“the Sun”)


Terra

la-proper noun

Terra f sg (genitive Terrae); first declension

Terrae (genitive)
Terra (nominative singular)
Terrae (genitive singular)
Terrae (dative singular)
Terram (accusative singular)
Terrā (ablative singular)
Terra (singular vocative)

From terra (“earth”), to distinguish the goddess or planet from its other senses.

(New Latin, astronomy) the Earth (planet)


Virgo

Virgō f sg (genitive Virginis); third declension

Virgō (canonical feminine singular)
Virginis (genitive)
Virgō (nominative singular)
Virginis (genitive singular)
Virginī (dative singular)
Virginem (accusative singular)
Virgine (ablative singular)
Virgō (singular vocative)

Italian: Vergine


caput

la-noun

caput n (genitive capitis); third declension

capitis (genitive)
caput (nominative singular)
capita (nominative plural)
capitis (genitive singular)
capitum (genitive plural)
capitī (dative singular)
capitibus (dative plural)
caput (accusative singular)
capita (accusative plural)
capite (ablative singular)
capitibus (ablative plural)
caput (singular vocative)
capita (plural vocative)
cap. (alternative)
c. (alternative)
capud (alternative)
capus (alternative Late-Latin)
cabo (alternative)

Direct reflexes:

Sardinian: cabudu, cabude, cabide

⇒ Vulgar Latin: capus (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ English: caput

→ Portuguese: caput

Reflexes of capita and, via back-formation, a new singular *capitum:

Balkans:

Aromanian: capiti, capit, capitu

Istro-Romanian: cåpete

Megleno-Romanian: capiti

Romanian: capete, capăt

Italy and environs:

Central Italian: capita, capitu, capito

Lombard: caved

Sardinian: cabida

From *capucla, feminine of *capuclum, from *caputulum:

Italian: capocchia

From *caputia:

Italian: capoccia

From Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Cognates include German Haupt and English head.

(transferred sense) (of inanimate things):


incisor

incīsor m (genitive incīsōris); third declension

incīsor (canonical masculine)
incīsōris (genitive)
incīsor (nominative singular)
incīsōrēs (nominative plural)
incīsōris (genitive singular)
incīsōrum (genitive plural)
incīsōrī (dative singular)
incīsōribus (dative plural)
incīsōrem (accusative singular)
incīsōrēs (accusative plural)
incīsōre (ablative singular)
incīsōribus (ablative plural)
incīsor (singular vocative)
incīsōrēs (plural vocative)

→ English: incisor

From incīdō (“to cut into, cut through”) + -tor (“-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).


Ceres

la-proper noun

Cerēs f sg (genitive Cereris); third declension

Cerēs (canonical feminine singular)
Cereris (genitive)
Cerēs (nominative singular)
Cereris (genitive singular)
Cererī (dative singular)
Cererem (accusative singular)
Cerere (ablative singular)
Cerēs (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Ceres

→ Dutch: Ceres
Afrikaans: Ceres

→ English: Ceres

→ Finnish: Ceres

→ Italian: Cerere

→ Polish: Ceres

→ Portuguese: Ceres

→ Sicilian: Cèriri

→ Spanish: Ceres

→ Swahili: Ceres

→ Thai: ซีรีส (sii-ríis)

From Proto-Italic *Kerēs, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerēs, from *ḱer- (“to grow”). Cognate with creō, crēscō, Faliscan 𐌂𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔 (ceres, “Ceres”) and Oscan Kerrí (dat. sg.).

(New Latin, astronomy) Ceres (dwarf planet)


cerebrum

la-noun

cerebrum n (genitive cerebrī); second declension

cerebrī (genitive)
cerebrum (nominative singular)
cerebra (nominative plural)
cerebrī (genitive singular)
cerebrōrum (genitive plural)
cerebrō (dative singular)
cerebrīs (dative plural)
cerebrum (accusative singular)
cerebra (accusative plural)
cerebrō (ablative singular)
cerebrīs (ablative plural)
cerebrum (singular vocative)
cerebra (plural vocative)

→ Asturian: cerebru

→ Esperanto: cerbo

→ Galician: cerebro

→ Ido: cerebro

→ Interlingua: cerebro

→ Italian: cerebro

desctree

→ Middle English: cerebrum, cerebre, cerrebre, serabrum
English: cerebrum

→ Portuguese: cérebro

→ Spanish: cerebro

→ Turkish: serebrum

⇒ French: cérébral

→ English: cerebral

From Proto-Italic *kerazrom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂srom, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-. Compare Ancient Greek κᾰ́ρᾱ (kắrā, “a head, face”).


Triton

la-noun

Trītōn m (genitive Trītōnis); third declension

Trītōn (canonical masculine)
Trītōnis (genitive)
Trītōn (nominative singular)
Trītōnes (nominative plural)
Trītōnēs (nominative plural)
Trītōnis (genitive singular)
Trītōnos (genitive singular)
Trītōnum (genitive plural)
Trītōnī (dative singular)
Trītōnibus (dative plural)
Trītōna (accusative singular)
Trītōnem (accusative singular)
Trītōnas (accusative plural)
Trītōnēs (accusative plural)
Trītōne (ablative singular)
Trītōnibus (ablative plural)
Trītōn (singular vocative)
Trītōnes (plural vocative)
Trītōnēs (plural vocative)


interna

interna n pl (genitive internōrum); second declension

Neuter plural of internus (“inward, internal”).


Neptunus

la-proper noun

Neptūnus m (genitive Neptūnī); second declension

Neptūnus (canonical masculine)
Neptūnī (genitive)
Neptūnus (nominative singular)
Neptūnī (nominative plural)
Neptūnī (genitive singular)
Neptūnōrum (genitive plural)
Neptūnō (dative singular)
Neptūnīs (dative plural)
Neptūnum (accusative singular)
Neptūnōs (accusative plural)
Neptūnō (ablative singular)
Neptūnīs (ablative plural)
Neptūne (singular vocative)
Neptūnī (plural vocative)

q

Old French: netun (“marine monster”), nuiton (alteration through confusion with nuit, "night")

Middle French: luiton (alteration through confusion with luire, "to glow")

French: lutin (alteration of luiton), nuton (regional, Ardennes françaises), luiton (regional, Dauphiné)

Walloon: nûton

→ Catalan: Neptú

→ French: Neptune

→ Galician: Neptuno

→ Italian: Nettuno

→ Portuguese: Neptuno

→ Romanian: Neptun

→ Spanish: Neptuno

Probably from Proto-Italic *neptūnos, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos (“cloud, moisture, mist”), but this is disputed; see Neptune.


cellula

la-noun

cellula f (genitive cellulae); first declension

cellulae (genitive)
cellula (nominative singular)
cellulae (nominative plural)
cellulae (genitive singular)
cellulārum (genitive plural)
cellulae (dative singular)
cellulīs (dative plural)
cellulam (accusative singular)
cellulās (accusative plural)
cellulā (ablative singular)
cellulīs (ablative plural)
cellula (singular vocative)
cellulae (plural vocative)

Catalan: cèl·lula

English: cellule

French: cellule

Ido: celulo

Italian: cellula

Occitan: cellula

Portuguese: célula

Romanian: celulă

Spanish: célula

(New Latin, cytology) cell (basic unit of a living organism)


latex

latex m (genitive laticis); third declension

laticis (genitive)
latex (nominative singular)
laticēs (nominative plural)
laticis (genitive singular)
laticum (genitive plural)
laticī (dative singular)
laticibus (dative plural)
laticem (accusative singular)
laticēs (accusative plural)
latice (ablative singular)
laticibus (ablative plural)
latex (singular vocative)
laticēs (plural vocative)

→ English: latex

→ Armenian: լատեքս (latekʻs)

→ Catalan: làtex

→ Danish: latex

→ Dutch: latex

→ Esperanto: laktosuko

→ Finnish: lateksi

→ French: latex

→ Galician: látex

→ German: Latex

→ Ido: latexo

→ Italian: latice, lattice

→ Japanese: ラテックス (ratekkusu)

→ Polish: lateks

→ Portuguese: látice, látex

→ Romanian: latex

→ Russian: ла́текс (láteks)

→ Spanish: látex

→ Swedish: latex

Potentially a borrowing from Ancient Greek λᾰ́τᾰξ (lắtăx, “drop of wine”), reformed by analogy to other nouns in -ex. The semantic shift, however, from drop of wine to water is difficult to explain and may indicate that both words originated from a separate language. Perhaps from the same root as Proto-Celtic *latis (Old Irish laith (“liquid, beer”), Welsh llad (“beer”)) or Proto-Germanic *ladjō- (Old High German letto (“clay, loam”), Old Norse leðja (“mud, dregs”)) or from a Pre-Greek language.

cog

(New Latin, botany) Milky liquid which exudes from a plant when cut and which coagulates on exposure to air.


cenit

desctree

→ Middle English: cenyth, cenith, senyth, cenit, cinit, senith (learned)
English: zenith

→ Old French: cenit m (learned)
Middle French: zenith
French: zénith

From misreading earlier cemt, from Arabic سَمْت (samt, “direction, path”), from Aramaic סֵימִטָא, from Latin sēmĭta.

der

Aramaic סֵימִטָא

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cenit.

(astronomy) zenith (point in the sky vertically above a given position or observer)


antlia

la-noun

antlia f (genitive antliae); first declension

antliae (genitive)
antlia (nominative singular)
antliae (nominative plural)
antliae (genitive singular)
antliārum (genitive plural)
antliae (dative singular)
antliīs (dative plural)
antliam (accusative singular)
antliās (accusative plural)
antliā (ablative singular)
antliīs (ablative plural)
antlia (singular vocative)
antliae (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἀντλία (antlía, “bilge-water, filth”), from ἀντλέω (antléō, “to bale out bilge-water, to bale the ship, to draw water”).

der

(zoology) the body part of an insect used to suck up plant juices


Cepheus

la-proper noun

Cēphe͡us m sg (genitive Cēpheī); second declension

Cēphe͡us (canonical masculine singular)
Cēpheī (genitive)
Cēphe͡us (nominative singular)
Cēpheī (genitive singular)
Cēpheō (dative singular)
Cēpheum (accusative singular)
Cēpheō (ablative singular)
Cēpheu (singular vocative)
Cēphee (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κηφεύς (Kēpheús).


Cassiopeia

Cassiopeia f sg (genitive Cassiopeiae); first declension

Cassiopeiae (genitive)
Cassiopeia (nominative singular)
Cassiopeiae (genitive singular)
Cassiopeiae (dative singular)
Cassiopeiam (accusative singular)
Cassiopeiā (ablative singular)
Cassiopeia (singular vocative)
Cassiopē (alternative)
Cassiopēa (alternative)
Cassiepēa (alternative)
Cassiepīa (alternative)
Cassiepeia (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κασσιόπεια (Kassiópeia) or Κασσιόπη (Kassiópē).

(astronomy) the constellation Cassiopeia


pardus

la-noun

pardus m (genitive pardī); second declension

pardī (genitive)
pardus (nominative singular)
pardī (nominative plural)
pardī (genitive singular)
pardōrum (genitive plural)
pardō (dative singular)
pardīs (dative plural)
pardum (accusative singular)
pardōs (accusative plural)
pardō (ablative singular)
pardīs (ablative plural)
parde (singular vocative)
pardī (plural vocative)

Asturian: pardu

Galician: pardo

Italian: pardo

Portuguese: pardo

Spanish: pardo

→ Middle English: parde

English: pard

→ Hungarian: párduc

From Ancient Greek πάρδος (párdos, “pard, male leopard”), probably ultimately an Indo-Iranian borrowing related to Persian پلنگ (“panther”) and Sanskrit पृदाकु (pṛdāku, “panther”).

bor

(zoology) other mottled or spotted animals


glis

la-noun

glis f (genitive glitis); third declension

glitis (genitive)
glis (nominative singular)
glitēs (nominative plural)
glitis (genitive singular)
glitum (genitive plural)
glitī (dative singular)
glitibus (dative plural)
glitem (accusative singular)
glitēs (accusative plural)
glite (ablative singular)
glitibus (ablative plural)
glis (singular vocative)
glitēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *gley- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”). See also Latin glūten and glutus.


Canopus

la-proper noun

Canōpus m sg (genitive Canōpī); second declension

Canōpus (canonical masculine singular)
Canōpī (genitive)
Canōpus (nominative singular)
Canōpī (genitive singular)
Canōpō (dative singular)
Canōpum (accusative singular)
Canōpō (ablative singular)
Canōpe (singular vocative)
Canōpī (locative singular)
Canōbus (alternative)

→ English: Canopus (learned)

From Ancient Greek Κάνωπος (Kánōpos, “Canopus”), Κάνωβος (Kánōbos, “Canobus”). Possibly Arabic جَنُوب (janūb, “south”) is cognate; compare the southeastern wall of the Kaaba pointing to the star and bearing the name جَنُوب (janūb).


serpens

la-noun

serpēns f or m (genitive serpentis); third declension

serpēns (canonical feminine masculine)
serpentis (genitive)
serpēns (nominative singular)
serpentēs (nominative plural)
serpentis (genitive singular)
serpentium (genitive plural)
serpentum (genitive plural)
serpentī (dative singular)
serpentibus (dative plural)
serpentem (accusative singular)
serpentēs (accusative plural)
serpente (ablative singular)
serpentibus (ablative plural)
serpēns (singular vocative)
serpentēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: sharpi, sharpe

Asturian: sierpe, xerpe

Catalan: serp, serpent

Dalmatian: serpiant

→ Esperanto: serpento

Friulian: sarpint

Galician: serpe, serpente

Interlingua: serpente

Italian: serpe, serpente

Megleno-Romanian: șarpi

Occitan: sèrp

desctree

Old French: serpent
Middle French: serpent
French: serpent
Walloon: sierpint
→ Middle English: serpent
English: serpent
→ Dutch: serpent

Portuguese: serpente

Romanian: șarpe, șerpânță

desc

Romansch: serp, siarp, serpent, serpaint

Sardinian: telpe, terpe

Sicilian: serpi, sirpenti

→ Maltese: serp

Spanish: sierpe, serpiente

→ Welsh: sarff

From Proto-Italic *serpents. Present active participle of serpō (“crawl, creep”). Cognate with Sanskrit सर्प (sarpá, “snake, serpent”), Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν (herpetón, “serpent, creeping animal”), Albanian gjarpër (“snake”) (Proto-Albanian *serpena).


pellis

la-noun

pellis f (genitive pellis); third declension

pellis (genitive)
pellis (nominative singular)
pellēs (nominative plural)
pellis (genitive singular)
pellium (genitive plural)
pellī (dative singular)
pellibus (dative plural)
pellem (accusative singular)
pellēs (accusative plural)
pellīs (accusative plural)
pelle (ablative singular)
pellibus (ablative plural)
pellis (singular vocative)
pellēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cheali

Romanian: piele

Dalmatian:

pial

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pelle

Sicilian: peddi

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pedde, peddi (Campidanese)

North Italian:

Friulian: piel

Romagnol: pël

Romansch: pel

Venetan: pełe

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pél

desctree

Old French: pel
Angevin: piau
Bourguignon: peâ
Champenois: pé, piau
Franc-Comtois: pée
Middle French: peau
French: peau
Norman: pé
Poitevin-Saintongeais: pea
Picard: pieu, piau
Walloon: pea

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: pell

Occitan: pèl

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: piel

Mirandese: piel

Old Galician-Portuguese: pele

Galician: pel

Portuguese: pele

Spanish: piel

Borrowings:

→ English: pell

→ Old Irish: pell

Irish: peall

Scottish Gaelic: peall

→ Old Norse: pilz

Icelandic: pils

Norwegian Bokmål: pels

Norwegian Nynorsk: pels

From Proto-Italic *pelnis, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-ni-s (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”), from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμᾰ (pélmă, “sole of the foot”), Old English fell (“fell, skin, hide; garment of skin”), likely with English pelt (“skin of an animal”) as well.

cog

(zootomy) pelt, fell, hide, animal skin; (poetic) human skin

(mycology) a thin peelable film covering the outside of a sporocarp


hydrogenium

la-noun

hydrogenium n (genitive hydrogeniī); second declension

hydrogeniī (genitive)
hydrogenium (nominative singular)
hydrogenia (nominative plural)
hydrogeniī (genitive singular)
hydrogeniōrum (genitive plural)
hydrogeniō (dative singular)
hydrogeniīs (dative plural)
hydrogenium (accusative singular)
hydrogenia (accusative plural)
hydrogeniō (ablative singular)
hydrogeniīs (ablative plural)
hydrogenium (singular vocative)
hydrogenia (plural vocative)
hydrogenum (alternative)

Learned borrowing from French hydrogène.


Eridanus

la-proper noun

Ēridanus m sg (genitive Ēridanī); second declension

Ēridanus (canonical masculine singular)
Ēridanī (genitive)
Ēridanus (nominative singular)
Ēridanī (genitive singular)
Ēridanō (dative singular)
Ēridanum (accusative singular)
Ēridanō (ablative singular)
Ēridane (singular vocative)
Ēridanī (locative singular)

?Dutch: Eridanus

English: Eridanus

?Finnish: Eridanus

?French: Éridan

?Galician: Eridano

?German: Eridanus

Italian: Eridano

?Japanese: エリダヌス座 (Eridanusu-za)

?Polish: Erydan

?Russian: Эридан (Eridan)

?Spanish: Eridanus

?Turkish: Eridanus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἠρῐδᾰνός (Ērĭdănós).

(astronomy) Eridanus (constellation lying between Orion and Cetus)


Procyon

Procyōn m sg (genitive Procyōnis); third declension

Procyōn (canonical masculine singular)
Procyōnis (genitive)
Procyōn (nominative singular)
Procyōnis (genitive singular)
Procyōnī (dative singular)
Procyōnem (accusative singular)
Procyōne (ablative singular)
Procyōn (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Προκύων (Prokúōn), from πρό (pró, “before”) + κύων (kúōn, “dog”), in reference to it preceding the "Dog Star" Sirius.


cardo

la-noun

cardō m (genitive cardinis); third declension

cardō (canonical masculine)
cardinis (genitive)
cardō (nominative singular)
cardinēs (nominative plural)
cardinis (genitive singular)
cardinum (genitive plural)
cardinī (dative singular)
cardinibus (dative plural)
cardinem (accusative singular)
cardinēs (accusative plural)
cardine (ablative singular)
cardinibus (ablative plural)
cardō (singular vocative)
cardinēs (plural vocative)

French: carne, charnière

Italian: cardine, cardo

Spanish: cárdine

English: cardinal

Uncertain. Traditionally related to Ancient Greek κράδη (krádē, “twig, spray; swing, crane in the drama”), but unlikely as the concordant sense of swing is metaphorical and likely too recent. Or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (“to move, sway, swing, jump”) and so cognate with Proto-Germanic *herzô (“bar, pivot, hinge”) (whence English har (“hinge”)). Compare in any case Old High German scerdo (“hinge”).


spina

la-noun

spīna f (genitive spīnae); first declension

spīna (canonical feminine)
spīnae (genitive)
spīna (nominative singular)
spīnae (nominative plural)
spīnae (genitive singular)
spīnārum (genitive plural)
spīnae (dative singular)
spīnīs (dative plural)
spīnam (accusative singular)
spīnās (accusative plural)
spīnā (ablative singular)
spīnīs (ablative plural)
spīna (singular vocative)
spīnae (plural vocative)

Franco-Provençal: èpena

Italo-Dalmatian

Dalmatian: spaina

Italian: spina

Neapolitan: spina

Sicilian: spina

desctree

Old French: espine
Champenois: épingne
Middle French: espine
French: épine
→ Middle English: spyne
English: spine

Occitano-Romance

Catalan: espina

Occitan: espina

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: spine

Romansch: spina, spegna

Sardinian:

Campidanese: spina

Logudorese: ispina

Venetan: spina

West Iberian

Asturian: espina

Old Galician-Portuguese: espinha
Galician: espiña
Portuguese: espinha

Spanish: espina

→ Albanian: shpinë

→ Middle Irish: spín

Irish: spíon

Scottish Gaelic: spìon

→ Middle English: spyne, spine, spin, spyn, spina (learned)
English: spine

→ Polish: spina (learned) (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *speinā, from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point”).

der

(transferred sense)
(zootomy) a thorn, spine, prickle

(transferred sense)
(zootomy) a fishbone


marga

la-noun

marga f (genitive margae); first declension

margae (genitive)
marga (nominative singular)
margae (nominative plural)
margae (genitive singular)
margārum (genitive plural)
margae (dative singular)
margīs (dative plural)
margam (accusative singular)
margās (accusative plural)
margā (ablative singular)
margīs (ablative plural)
marga (singular vocative)
margae (plural vocative)

From Celtic, probably Gaulish (Pliny). The word has been compared to Breton marg as well as the placename Margidinum; compare Welsh marian (“rocks, pebbles, grit”) from Proto-Brythonic *marɣ-, but probably ultimately of Pre-Celtic substrate origin. Compare Aldo murgia.

Old French: marleFrench: marne→ Middle English: marle

merleEnglish: marlScots: marlYola: maarl→ Irish: marla


Sirius

la-proper noun

Sīrius m sg (genitive Sīriī or Sīrī); second declension

Sīrius (canonical masculine singular)
Sīriī (genitive)
Sīrī (genitive)
Sīrius (nominative singular)
Sīriī (genitive singular)
Sīrī (genitive singular)
Sīriō (dative singular)
Sīrium (accusative singular)
Sīriō (ablative singular)
Sīrī (singular vocative)

→ Afrikaans: Sirius

desc

الشِّعْرَى الْيَمَانِيَّة

→⇒ Arabic: اَلشِّعْرَى (aš-šiʕrā), الشِّعْرَى الْيَمَانِيَّة (aš-šiʕrā l-yamāniyya)

→ Armenian: Սիրիուս (Sirius)

→ Catalan: Sírius

→ Czech: Sirius

→ Dutch: Sirius

→ Esperanto: Siriuso

→ Estonian: Siirius

→ Faroese: Sirius

→ Finnish: Sirius

→ French: Sirius

→ Georgian: სირიუსი (siriusi)

→ German: Sirius

→ Indonesian: Sirius

→ Italian: Sirio

→ Japanese: シリウス (Shiriusu)

→ Korean: 시리우스 (siriuseu)

→ Latvian: Sīriuss

→ Lithuanian: Sirijus

→ Malay: Sirius

→ Polish: Syriusz

→ Portuguese: Sírio

→ Romanian: Sirius

→ Russian: Си́риус (Sírius)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: Сиријус

Roman: Sirius

→ Spanish: Sirio

→ Swedish: Sirius

→ Thai: ซิริอุส

⇒ ดาวซิริอุส

→ Thai: ซิริอุส, ⇒ ดาวซิริอุส

→ Turkish: Sirius

→ Ukrainian: Сіріус (Sirius)

→ Vietnamese: Sirius

→ Welsh: Siriws

From Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios, “Seirios”), possibly from σείριος (seírios, “scorching, destructive”).


membrana

la-noun

membrāna f (genitive membrānae); first declension

membrāna (canonical feminine)
membrānae (genitive)
membrāna (nominative singular)
membrānae (nominative plural)
membrānae (genitive singular)
membrānārum (genitive plural)
membrānae (dative singular)
membrānīs (dative plural)
membrānam (accusative singular)
membrānās (accusative plural)
membrānā (ablative singular)
membrānīs (ablative plural)
membrāna (singular vocative)
membrānae (plural vocative)
membrānum (alternative Late-Latin)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: μεμβρᾰ́νᾱ (membrắnā), μέμβρανον (mémbranon)
→? Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰 (maimbrana) (possibly directly from Latin)
→ Greek: μεμβράνη (memvráni)

→ Asturian: membrana

→ Catalan: membrana

→ Dutch: membraan

→ English: membrana, membrane

→ French: membrane

→ Galician: membrana

desc

→? Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰 (maimbrana) (possibly through Ancient Greek)

→ Italian: membrana

→ Occitan: membrana

→ Polish: membrana

→ Portuguese: membrana

→ Romanian: membrană

→ Russian: мембрана (membrana)

→ Spanish: membrana

From membrum (“a limb or member of the body”).

(anatomy, zootomy) the skin or membrane that covers parts of the body; (especially) the skin or slough of snakes

(botany) the thin skin of plants and other things


striga

la-noun

striga f (genitive strigae); first declension

strigae (genitive)
striga (nominative singular)
strigae (nominative plural)
strigae (genitive singular)
strigārum (genitive plural)
strigae (dative singular)
strigīs (dative plural)
strigam (accusative singular)
strigās (accusative plural)
strigā (ablative singular)
strigīs (ablative plural)
striga (singular vocative)
strigae (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *strigā, from what looks like a cross of Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to brush, strip, shear”) and Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“to draw, tie”).

der

(surveying) A strip of ground longer than broad.

A strip of ground longer than broad.
A side-avenue in camp.


raphe

la-noun

raphē f (genitive raphēs); first declension

raphē (canonical feminine)
raphēs (genitive)
raphē (nominative singular)
raphae (nominative plural)
raphēs (genitive singular)
raphārum (genitive plural)
raphae (dative singular)
raphīs (dative plural)
raphēn (accusative singular)
raphās (accusative plural)
raphē (ablative singular)
raphīs (ablative plural)
raphē (singular vocative)
raphae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: rafe

→ English: raphe

→ French: raphé

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ, “seam; suture”).


marmor

la-noun

marmor n (genitive marmoris); third declension

marmoris (genitive)
marmor (nominative singular)
marmora (nominative plural)
marmoris (genitive singular)
marmorum (genitive plural)
marmorī (dative singular)
marmoribus (dative plural)
marmor (accusative singular)
marmora (accusative plural)
marmore (ablative singular)
marmoribus (ablative plural)
marmor (singular vocative)
marmora (plural vocative)
marmur (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)

Lombard: marmor

→ Albanian: marmur

Aragonese: marbre

Aromanian: marmurã, marmuri

Asturian: mármole, mármol

Catalan: marbre

Friulian: marmul

Galician: mármore

→ Old High German: marmul

German: Murmel

→ German: Marmor

→ Norwegian: marmor

→ Swedish: marmor

→ Finnish: marmori

Italian: marmo

Occitan: marbre, marme

desctree

Old French: marbre
→ Middle English: marbre, marble
English: marble
→ Scottish Gaelic: marbal
French: marbre

→ Old Irish: marmar
Irish: marmar
Manx: marmyr
Scottish Gaelic: marmor

→ Polish: marmur

Portuguese: mármore

Romanian: marmură

Romansch: marmel

→ Russian: мрамор (mramor)

Sardinian: màrmuri, màrmuru

Sicilian: màrmuru

Spanish: mármol

Venetan: marmo, màrmaro, màlmaro

→ Welsh: marmor

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μάρμαρος (mármaros, “marble, crystalline rock”).


hastatus

la-adj

hastātus (feminine hastāta, neuter hastātum); first/second-declension adjective

hastātus (canonical)
hastāta (feminine)
hastātum (neuter)
hastātus (masculine nominative singular)
hastāta (feminine nominative singular)
hastātum (neuter nominative singular)
hastātī (masculine nominative plural)
hastātae (feminine nominative plural)
hastāta (neuter nominative plural)
hastātī (genitive masculine singular)
hastātae (feminine genitive singular)
hastātī (genitive neuter singular)
hastātōrum (genitive masculine plural)
hastātārum (feminine genitive plural)
hastātōrum (genitive neuter plural)
hastātō (dative masculine singular)
hastātae (dative feminine singular)
hastātō (dative neuter singular)
hastātīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
hastātum (accusative masculine singular)
hastātam (accusative feminine singular)
hastātum (accusative neuter singular)
hastātōs (accusative masculine plural)
hastātās (accusative feminine plural)
hastāta (accusative neuter plural)
hastātō (ablative masculine singular)
hastātā (ablative feminine singular)
hastātō (ablative neuter singular)
hastātīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
hastāte (masculine singular vocative)
hastāta (feminine singular vocative)
hastātum (neuter singular vocative)
hastātī (masculine plural vocative)
hastātae (feminine plural vocative)
hastāta (neuter plural vocative)

English: hastate

Italian: astato

Spanish: astado


madagascariensis

madagascariēnsis (neuter madagascariēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

madagascariēnsis (canonical)
madagascariēnse (neuter)
madagascariēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
madagascariēnse (neuter nominative singular)
madagascariēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
madagascariēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
madagascariēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
madagascariēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
madagascariēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
madagascariēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
madagascariēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
madagascariēnse (accusative neuter singular)
madagascariēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
madagascariēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
madagascariēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
madagascariēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
madagascariēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
madagascariēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
madagascariēnse (neuter singular vocative)
madagascariēnsēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
madagascariēnsia (neuter plural vocative)

From Madagascar/Madagaskar + -ēnsis (“of or from a place”).

Raillietina madagascariensis

(New Latin, taxonomy) Belonging to Madagascar.


frons

la-noun

frōns f or m (genitive frontis); third declension

frōns (canonical feminine masculine)
frontis (genitive)
frōns (nominative singular)
frontēs (nominative plural)
frontis (genitive singular)
frontium (genitive plural)
frontī (dative singular)
frontibus (dative plural)
frontem (accusative singular)
frontēs (accusative plural)
frontīs (accusative plural)
fronte (ablative singular)
frontibus (ablative plural)
frōns (singular vocative)
frontēs (plural vocative)

Dalmatian: fruant

Eastern Romance:

desc

Aromanian: frãmti f, frãmte, frumti, frumte, frunti, frunte

Romanian: frunte f

Italian: fronte f

desctree

Old French: front m
French: front m (see there for further descendants)
Norman: front m
→ Dutch: front
→ Middle English: frount, ffront, ffrount, front, fronte, frounte, frountte, frownt, frownte, frunt, frunte
English: front (see there for further descendants)
Scots: front

Old Leonese:

Asturian: frente f

Old Occitan: front

Catalan: front m

Occitan: frònt m

Old Galician-Portuguese: fronte

Galician: fronte f

Portuguese: fronte f

Old Spanish: fruente f

Ladino:

Hebrew script: פ׳רינטי

Latin script: frente

Spanish: frente f (see there for further descendants)

Romagnol: frònta

Sicilian: frunti f

→ English: frons

→ Friulian: front

→ Romansch: frunt, frùnt, front

→ Sardinian: fronte, fronti, frunte

→ Spanish: frontis

→ Venetan: front

Unknown. Pokorny compares Irish braine (“prow, edge”), Old Norse brandr (“acroterium”)), deriving them from *bʰren- (“to project; edge”).

(surveying, geography) frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length

the coastline; a projecting piece of coast


temperatura

la-noun

temperātūra f (genitive temperātūrae); first declension

temperātūra (canonical feminine)
temperātūrae (genitive)
temperātūra (nominative singular)
temperātūrae (nominative plural)
temperātūrae (genitive singular)
temperātūrārum (genitive plural)
temperātūrae (dative singular)
temperātūrīs (dative plural)
temperātūram (accusative singular)
temperātūrās (accusative plural)
temperātūrā (ablative singular)
temperātūrīs (ablative plural)
temperātūra (singular vocative)
temperātūrae (plural vocative)

Inherited:

Occitan: tempradura

Borrowed:

→ Aragonese: temperatura

→ Asturian: temperatura

→ Catalan: temperatura

→ English: temperature

→ French: température

→ Galician: temperatura

→ German: Temperatur

→ Italian: temperatura

→ Norman: tempéthatuthe

→ Norwegian Bokmål: temperatur

→ Occitan: temperatura

→ Portuguese: temperatura

→ Romanian: temperatură

→ Russian: температура (temperatura)

→ Serbo-Croatian: temperatúra / температу́ра

→ Sicilian: timpiratura

→ Slovene: temperatura

→ Spanish: temperatura

→ Venetan: tenperadura

From temperō (“divide duly, mix in due proportion”) + -tūra.


samara

la-noun

samara f (genitive samarae); first declension

samarae (genitive)
samara (nominative singular)
samarae (nominative plural)
samarae (genitive singular)
samarārum (genitive plural)
samarae (dative singular)
samarīs (dative plural)
samaram (accusative singular)
samarās (accusative plural)
samarā (ablative singular)
samarīs (ablative plural)
samara (singular vocative)
samarae (plural vocative)
samera (alternative)

From Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”).


Cor Caroli

la-proper noun

Cor Carolī n sg (genitive Cordis Carolī); third declension

Cor Carolī (canonical neuter singular)
Cordis Carolī (genitive)
Cor Carolī (nominative singular)
Cordis Carolī (genitive singular)
Cordī Carolī (dative singular)
Cor Carolī (accusative singular)
Corde Carolī (ablative singular)
Cor Carolī (singular vocative)

Named by an English physician Sir Charles Scarborough in honor of the executed English King Charles I. Shortened Cor Caroli Regis Martyris, "the Heart of the Martyr King Charles" for a constellation. Later, connected with his son, Charles II by a German astronomer Bode for the brightest star in the constellation Canes Venatici, Alpha (α) Canum Venaticorum.

(astronomy) A - now obsolete - constellation within Canes Venatici.