lupus

la-noun

lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension

lupī (genitive)
lupa (feminine)
lupus (nominative singular)
lupī (nominative plural)
lupī (genitive singular)
lupōrum (genitive plural)
lupō (dative singular)
lupīs (dative plural)
lupum (accusative singular)
lupōs (accusative plural)
lupō (ablative singular)
lupīs (ablative plural)
lupe (singular vocative)
lupī (plural vocative)

Aragonese: lupo

Aromanian: lup, lupu

Asturian: llobu

Catalan: llop

Corsican: lupu

Emilian: låuv

Franco-Provençal: lop

Friulian: lôf

Istro-Romanian: lup

Italian: lupo

Ligurian: lô

Megleno-Romanian: lup

Mirandese: lhobo

Neapolitan: lupo

Occitan: lop

desctree

Old French: leu, lou, lu
Middle French: leu
⇒ French: à la queue leu leu
⇒ Middle French: loup
French: loup
Haitian Creole: lou
⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu
⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou
→ English: loo; Loup

Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo
Galician: lobo
Portuguese: lobo

Old Lombard:

Lombard: lov, loff, lóff

desc

Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu

Piedmontese: luv

Romanian: lup

Romansch: luf

Sardinian: lupu

Sicilian: lupu
→ Maltese: lupu

desctree

Spanish: lobo
→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover
→ Tagalog: lobo

Venetian: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo
→ Italian: lovo

Walloon: leu

→ Esperanto: lupo

→ Interlingua: lupo

→ Volapük: lup

→ Catalan: lupus

→ English: Lupus, lupus

→ Finnish: lupus

→ French: lupus

→ Galician: lupus

→ Italian: lupus

→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo

→ Romanian: lupus

→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus

→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus

From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.
Cognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).

agnum lupō ēripere velle

to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf

(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:

a kind of hook used for hoisting objects


radius

la-noun

radius m (genitive radiī or radī); second declension

radiī (genitive)
radī (genitive)
radius (nominative singular)
radiī (nominative plural)
radiī (genitive singular)
radī (genitive singular)
radiōrum (genitive plural)
radiō (dative singular)
radiīs (dative plural)
radium (accusative singular)
radiōs (accusative plural)
radiō (ablative singular)
radiīs (ablative plural)
radie (singular vocative)
radiī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: rreze

Aromanian: aradzã, radzã

Catalan: raig

→? Sardinian: raxu

Dalmatian: rus, ruaz

Old French: rai

French: rai

→ English: ray

Friulian: rai

Galician: raia, raio, raxo

Italian: raggio

Sicilian: raggiu (italianized, palatalized variant)

Mirandese: raio

Mozarabic: ראיה (rʔyh)

Occitan: rai

Portuguese: raia, raio

Romanian: rază

desc

Sardinian: (ar)raju, (ar)rag(g)iu, arràciu, ràdiu

Sicilian: raja

Spanish: raya, rayo, raza

→ Sardinian: razu m, raza f, rasu

Venetian: rajo

→ Welsh: rhaidd

Learned borrowings

→ Catalan: radi

→ Italian: radio

→ English: radius, radio-, radio

→ French: radius

→ Galician: radio

→ German: Radius

→ Portuguese: rádio

→ Romanian: radius

→ Russian: ра́диус (rádius)

→ Sicilian: ràdiu

→ Spanish: radio

Of uncertain origin. Some connect it with rādīx and rāmus. Tucker suggests Proto-Indo-European *neredʰ- (“extend forth, rise, outward”) akin to Sanskrit वर्धते (vardhate, “rise, grow”), or from Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “sharp point”). May ultimately be from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”).


alveolus

la-noun

alveolus m (genitive alveolī); second declension

alveolī (genitive)
alveolus (nominative singular)
alveolī (nominative plural)
alveolī (genitive singular)
alveolōrum (genitive plural)
alveolō (dative singular)
alveolīs (dative plural)
alveolum (accusative singular)
alveolōs (accusative plural)
alveolō (ablative singular)
alveolīs (ablative plural)
alveole (singular vocative)
alveolī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: nullë

→ Catalan: alvèol

→ English: alveolus

→ French: alvéole

Irish: ailbheolas

→ Italian: alveolo

→ Portuguese: alvéolo

→ Romanian: alveolă

→ Russian: альвео́ла (alʹveóla)

→ Spanish: alvéolo

→ Venetian: alvèolo, albòl

Vulgar Latin: *albiolus, *albiola

→ Italian: albiolo

Romanian: albioară

[äɫ̪ˈu̯eɔɫ̪ʊs̠]

From alveus (“a hollow, cavity”) + -olus (diminutive nominal suffix).

suffix

(weaving) a weaver's shuttle (from its shape)

diminutive of alveus:
a weaver's shuttle (from its shape)


carpo

la-verb

carpō (present infinitive carpere, perfect active carpsī, supine carptum); third conjugation

carpō (canonical)
carpere (infinitive present)
carpsī (active perfect)
carptum (supine)
carpō (active first-person indicative present singular)
carpis (active indicative present second-person singular)
carpit (active indicative present singular third-person)
carpimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
carpitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
carpunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
carpēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
carpēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
carpēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
carpēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
carpēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
carpēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
carpam (active first-person future indicative singular)
carpēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
carpet (active future indicative singular third-person)
carpēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
carpētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
carpent (active future indicative plural third-person)
carpsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
carpsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
carpsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
carpsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
carpsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
carpsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
carpsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
carpseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
carpserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
carpserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
carpserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
carpserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
carpserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
carpserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
carpseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
carpserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
carpserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
carpseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
carpserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
carpor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
carperis (indicative passive present second-person singular)
carpere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
carpitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
carpimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
carpiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
carpuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
carpēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
carpēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
carpēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
carpēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
carpēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
carpēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
carpēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
carpar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
carpēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
carpēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
carpētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
carpēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
carpēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
carpentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
carpam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
carpās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
carpat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
carpāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
carpātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
carpant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
carperem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
carperēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
carperet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
carperēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
carperētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
carperent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
carpserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
carpserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
carpserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
carpserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
carpserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
carpserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
carpsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
carpsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
carpsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
carpsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
carpsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
carpsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
carpar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
carpāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
carpāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
carpātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
carpāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
carpāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
carpantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
carperer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
carperēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
carperēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
carperētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
carperēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
carperēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
carperentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
carpe (active imperative present second-person singular)
carpite (active imperative plural present second-person)
carpitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
carpitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
carpitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
carpuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
carpere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
carpiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
carpitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
carpitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
carpuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
carpere (active infinitive present)
carpsisse (active infinitive perfect)
carptūrum esse (active future infinitive)
carpī (infinitive passive present)
carptum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
carptum īrī (future infinitive passive)
carpēns (active participle present)
carptūrus (active future participle)
carptus (participle passive perfect)
carpendus (future participle passive)
carpundus (future participle passive)
carpendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
carpendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
carpendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
carpendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
carptum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
carptū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: carpir-se

English: excerpt

Galician: carpir

Italian: carpare, carpire

Old French: charpir, carpir

French: charpir

Old Galician-Portuguese: carpir

Portuguese: carpir

Spanish: carpir

From Proto-Italic *karpō, from Proto-Indo-European *kerp-.
Compare Greek καρπός (karpós, “fruit”) and κείρω (keírō, “to cut off”), English harvest, sharp, shear.

[…] Mīlēsia vellera nymphae
carpēbant […]

c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.334–335

[…] the nymphs were spinning
Milesian wool […]


pellis

la-noun

pellis f (genitive pellis); third declension

pellis (genitive)
pellis (nominative singular)
pellēs (nominative plural)
pellis (genitive singular)
pellium (genitive plural)
pellī (dative singular)
pellibus (dative plural)
pellem (accusative singular)
pellēs (accusative plural)
pellīs (accusative plural)
pelle (ablative singular)
pellibus (ablative plural)
pellis (singular vocative)
pellēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cheali

Romanian: piele

Dalmatian:

pial

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pelle

Sicilian: peddi

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pedde

North Italian:

Friulian: piel

Romagnol: pël

Romansch: pel

Venetian: pełe

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pél

desctree

Old French: pel
Bourguignon: peâ
Middle French: peau
French: peau

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: pell

Occitan: pèl

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: piel

Old Galician-Portuguese: pele

Portuguese: pele

Spanish: piel

Borrowings:

→ English: pell

→ Old Irish: pell

Irish: peall

Scottish Gaelic: peall

→ Old Norse: pilz

Icelandic: pils

Norwegian Bokmål: pels

Norwegian Nynorsk: pels

From Proto-Italic *pelnis, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-ni-s (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”), from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμᾰ (pélma, “sole of the foot”), Old English fell (“fell, skin, hide; garment of skin”).

cog

(clothing) a garment, article of clothing made of skin


faex

la-noun

faex f (genitive faecis); third declension

faecis (genitive)
faex (nominative singular)
faecēs (nominative plural)
faecis (genitive singular)
faecum (genitive plural)
faecī (dative singular)
faecibus (dative plural)
faecem (accusative singular)
faecēs (accusative plural)
faece (ablative singular)
faecibus (ablative plural)
faex (singular vocative)
faecēs (plural vocative)

Dutch: feces (with plural: de feces zijn), fecaliën

English: faeces, feces, faex

French: fèces

German: Fäkalien

Italian: feci

Portuguese: fez, fezes

Sardinian: feche, feghe, fexa, fexi

Spanish: hez, heces

Swedish: fekalier

Unknown; possibly borrowed from a substrate language.

(Medieval Latin, brewing) grout (the mixture of malts and other ingredients that make up the grain bill and resulting mash in the brewing process of beer)


alveus

alveus m (genitive alveī); second declension

alveī (genitive)
alveus (nominative singular)
alveī (nominative plural)
alveī (genitive singular)
alveōrum (genitive plural)
alveō (dative singular)
alveīs (dative plural)
alveum (accusative singular)
alveōs (accusative plural)
alveō (ablative singular)
alveīs (ablative plural)
alvee (singular vocative)
alveī (plural vocative)

Aromanian: alghinã

Old Catalan: olbi

Catalan: obi

→ English: alveus

French: auge

Istro-Romanian: albire

→ Italian: alveo

Gallo-Italic:

Lombard: albio

Piedmontese: arbi

Romagnol: ébi (Ravenna)

Occitan: auve

Megleno-Romanian: ălbină

→ Portuguese: álveo

Romanian: albie, albină

→ Spanish: álveo

Venetian: albi, albio, albina

[ˈäɫ̪u̯eʊs̠]

From alvus (“the belly, paunch, bowels”) + -eus.

af

(construction) riverbed, river channel; canal


structura

la-noun

strūctūra f (genitive strūctūrae); first declension

strūctūra (canonical feminine)
strūctūrae (genitive)
strūctūra (nominative singular)
strūctūrae (nominative plural)
strūctūrae (genitive singular)
strūctūrārum (genitive plural)
strūctūrae (dative singular)
strūctūrīs (dative plural)
strūctūram (accusative singular)
strūctūrās (accusative plural)
strūctūrā (ablative singular)
strūctūrīs (ablative plural)
strūctūra (singular vocative)
strūctūrae (plural vocative)

→ Afrikaans: struktuur

→ Bulgarian: структура (struktura)

→ Catalan: estructura

→ Czech: struktura

→ English: structure

→ Esperanto: strukturo

→ French: structure

→ Friulian: struture

→ German: Struktur

→ Hungarian: struktúra

→ Irish: struchtúr

→ Ido: strukturo

→ Italian: struttura

→ Macedonian: структура (struktura)

→ Dutch: structuur

→ Papiamentu: struktura

→ Piedmontese: strutura

→ Portuguese: estrutura

→ Romanian: structură

→ Russian: структура (struktura)

→ Spanish: estructura

→ Venetian: strutura

→ Welsh: strwythur

From struō (“to build”) + -tūra (“concrete action noun suffix”).

affix

(concrete, construction) masonry, brickwork; cement (the result of application of a certain construction technique)


ordior

la-verb

ōrdior (present infinitive ōrdīrī, perfect active ōrsus sum or ōrdītus sum); fourth conjugation, deponent

ōrdior (canonical)
ōrdīrī (infinitive present)
ōrsus sum (active perfect)
ōrdītus sum (active perfect)
ōrdior (active first-person indicative present singular)
ōrdīris (active indicative present second-person singular)
ōrdīre (active indicative present second-person singular)
ōrdītur (active indicative present singular third-person)
ōrdīmur (active first-person indicative plural present)
ōrdīminī (active indicative plural present second-person)
ōrdiuntur (active indicative plural present third-person)
ōrdiēbar (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ōrdiēbāris (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ōrdiēbāre (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ōrdiēbātur (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ōrdiēbāmur (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ōrdiēbāminī (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ōrdiēbantur (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ōrdiar (active first-person future indicative singular)
ōrdiēris (active future indicative second-person singular)
ōrdiēre (active future indicative second-person singular)
ōrdiētur (active future indicative singular third-person)
ōrdiēmur (active first-person future indicative plural)
ōrdiēminī (active future indicative plural second-person)
ōrdientur (active future indicative plural third-person)
ōrsus (active indicative perfect)
ōrsus (active indicative pluperfect)
ōrsus (active future indicative perfect)
ōrdiar (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ōrdiāris (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ōrdiāre (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ōrdiātur (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ōrdiāmur (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ōrdiāminī (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ōrdiantur (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ōrdīrer (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ōrdīrēris (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ōrdīrēre (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ōrdīrētur (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ōrdīrēmur (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ōrdīrēminī (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ōrdīrentur (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ōrsus (active perfect subjunctive)
ōrsus (active pluperfect subjunctive)
ōrdīre (active imperative present second-person singular)
ōrdīminī (active imperative plural present second-person)
ōrdītor (active future imperative second-person singular)
ōrdītor (active future imperative singular third-person)
ōrdiuntor (active future imperative plural third-person)
ōrdīrī (active infinitive present)
ōrsum esse (active infinitive perfect)
ōrdītum esse (active infinitive perfect)
ōrsūrum esse (active future infinitive)
ōrdītūrum esse (active future infinitive)
ōrdiēns (active participle present)
ōrsus (active participle perfect)
ōrdītus (active participle perfect)
ōrsūrus (active future participle)
ōrdītūrus (active future participle)
ōrdiendus (future participle passive)
ōrdiundus (future participle passive)
ōrdiendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
ōrdiendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
ōrdiendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
ōrdiendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
ōrsum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
ōrdītum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
ōrsū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)
ōrdītū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

(weaving) to begin to weave, lay the warp


rudus

la-noun

rūdus n (genitive rūderis); third declension

rūdus (canonical neuter)
rūderis (genitive)
rūdus (nominative singular)
rūdera (nominative plural)
rūderis (genitive singular)
rūderum (genitive plural)
rūderī (dative singular)
rūderibus (dative plural)
rūdus (accusative singular)
rūdera (accusative plural)
rūdere (ablative singular)
rūderibus (ablative plural)
rūdus (singular vocative)
rūdera (plural vocative)

desc

taxonomic name: Rhizopogon rudus, Stenodynerus rudus, Unio rudus, ⇒ ruda

Italian: rudere

From Proto-Indo-European *Hrew- (“to tear up, dig up”). Cognate with rudis.