mortalis

la-adj

mortālis (neuter mortāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

mortālis (canonical)
mortāle (neuter)
mortālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
mortāle (neuter nominative singular)
mortālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
mortālia (neuter nominative plural)
mortālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
mortālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
mortālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
mortālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mortālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
mortāle (accusative neuter singular)
mortālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
mortālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
mortālia (accusative neuter plural)
mortālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
mortālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mortālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
mortāle (neuter singular vocative)
mortālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
mortālia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: mortal

→ English: mortal

Old French: mortel

French: mortel

Galician: mortal

Gallurese: moltali, multali

Italian: mortale

Portuguese: mortal

Romanian: mortal

Sardinian:

Campidanese: mortali

Logudorese: mortale

Nuorese: mortale

Sassarese: murthari

Old Spanish: mortal

Spanish: mortal

[mɔrˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]


fatalis

fātālis (neuter fātāle, adverb fātāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

fātālis (canonical)
fātāle (neuter)
fātāliter (adverb)
fātālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
fātāle (neuter nominative singular)
fātālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
fātālia (neuter nominative plural)
fātālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
fātālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
fātālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
fātālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
fātālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
fātāle (accusative neuter singular)
fātālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
fātālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
fātālia (accusative neuter plural)
fātālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
fātālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
fātālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
fātāle (neuter singular vocative)
fātālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
fātālia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: fatal

Danish: fatal

English: fatal

French: fatal

Italian: fatale

Portuguese: fatal

Romanian: fatal

Spanish: fatal

[fäːˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]


mortalitas

la-noun

mortālitās f (genitive mortālitātis); third declension

mortālitās (canonical feminine)
mortālitātis (genitive)
mortālitās (nominative singular)
mortālitātēs (nominative plural)
mortālitātis (genitive singular)
mortālitātum (genitive plural)
mortālitātī (dative singular)
mortālitātibus (dative plural)
mortālitātem (accusative singular)
mortālitātēs (accusative plural)
mortālitāte (ablative singular)
mortālitātibus (ablative plural)
mortālitās (singular vocative)
mortālitātēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: mortalitat

English: mortality

French: mortalité

Galician: mortaldade, mortalidade

Indonesian: mortalitas

Italian: mortalità

Portuguese: mortalidade, mortandade

Romanian: mortalitate

desc

Spanish: mortalidad, mortaldad, mortandad

[mɔrˈt̪äːlʲɪt̪äːs̠]


intuitio

la-noun

intuitiō f (genitive intuitiōnis); third declension

intuitiō (canonical feminine)
intuitiōnis (genitive)
intuitiō (nominative singular)
intuitiōnēs (nominative plural)
intuitiōnis (genitive singular)
intuitiōnum (genitive plural)
intuitiōnī (dative singular)
intuitiōnibus (dative plural)
intuitiōnem (accusative singular)
intuitiōnēs (accusative plural)
intuitiōne (ablative singular)
intuitiōnibus (ablative plural)
intuitiō (singular vocative)
intuitiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Danish: intuition

→ English: intuition

→ Finnish: intuitio

→ French: intuition

→ German: Intuition

→ Italian: intuizione

→ Lithuanian: intuìcija

→ Norwegian Bokmål: intuisjon

→ Polish: intuicja

→ Russian: интуи́ция (intuícija)

→ Serbo-Croatian: intuícija

→ Spanish: intuición

→ Swedish: intuition


ligamen

ligāmen n (genitive ligāminis); third declension

ligāmen (canonical neuter)
ligāminis (genitive)
ligāmen (nominative singular)
ligāmina (nominative plural)
ligāminis (genitive singular)
ligāminum (genitive plural)
ligāminī (dative singular)
ligāminibus (dative plural)
ligāmen (accusative singular)
ligāmina (accusative plural)
ligāmine (ablative singular)
ligāminibus (ablative plural)
ligāmen (singular vocative)
ligāmina (plural vocative)

Italian: legame

Old Francoprovençal: liam, liem, lim

Franco-Provençal: lim

desctree

Old French: lien, lïen (diareses not universally used in transcriptions of Old French)
Middle French: lien
French: lien
→ Middle English: lien
English: lien

Old Occitan:

Catalan: lligam

Occitan: ligam

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: liame

Portuguese: liame

Sicilian: ligama

[lʲɪˈɡäːmɛn]

From ligō (“I tie, bind, bandage”) + -men (noun-forming suffix).

suffix

(Medieval Latin) poultice; bandage with herbal medicine


navale

la-noun

nāvāle n (genitive nāvālis); third declension

nāvāle (canonical neuter)
nāvālis (genitive)
nāvāle (nominative singular)
nāvālia (nominative plural)
nāvālis (genitive singular)
nāvālium (genitive plural)
nāvālī (dative singular)
nāvālibus (dative plural)
nāvāle (accusative singular)
nāvālia (accusative plural)
nāvālī (ablative singular)
nāvālibus (ablative plural)
nāvāle (singular vocative)
nāvālia (plural vocative)

[näːˈu̯äːɫ̪ɛ]

(in the plural) dock, wharf, shipyard, dockyard


scisma

scisma n (genitive scismatis); third declension

scismatis (genitive)
scisma (nominative singular)
scismata (nominative plural)
scismatis (genitive singular)
scismatum (genitive plural)
scismatī (dative singular)
scismatibus (dative plural)
scisma (accusative singular)
scismata (accusative plural)
scismate (ablative singular)
scismatibus (ablative plural)
scisma (singular vocative)
scismata (plural vocative)


dedicator

dēdicātor m (genitive dēdicātōris); third declension

dēdicātor (canonical masculine)
dēdicātōris (genitive)
dēdicātor (nominative singular)
dēdicātōrēs (nominative plural)
dēdicātōris (genitive singular)
dēdicātōrum (genitive plural)
dēdicātōrī (dative singular)
dēdicātōribus (dative plural)
dēdicātōrem (accusative singular)
dēdicātōrēs (accusative plural)
dēdicātōre (ablative singular)
dēdicātōribus (ablative plural)
dēdicātor (singular vocative)
dēdicātōrēs (plural vocative)

From dēdicō (“dedicate, proclaim”) + -tor (“-er”, agent suffix).

suffix

[d̪eːd̪ɪˈkäːt̪ɔr]


depressor

la-noun

dēpressor m (genitive dēpressōris); third declension

dēpressor (canonical masculine)
dēpressōris (genitive)
dēpressor (nominative singular)
dēpressōrēs (nominative plural)
dēpressōris (genitive singular)
dēpressōrum (genitive plural)
dēpressōrī (dative singular)
dēpressōribus (dative plural)
dēpressōrem (accusative singular)
dēpressōrēs (accusative plural)
dēpressōre (ablative singular)
dēpressōribus (ablative plural)
dēpressor (singular vocative)
dēpressōrēs (plural vocative)

From dēprimō (“I press down, weigh down frequently”) (supine dēpressum) + -tor (“-er”, agent noun suffix).

af

supine <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">dēpressum</i>

that which presses down or depresses; depressor


defector

la-noun

dēfector m (genitive dēfectōris); third declension

dēfector (canonical masculine)
dēfectōris (genitive)
dēfector (nominative singular)
dēfectōrēs (nominative plural)
dēfectōris (genitive singular)
dēfectōrum (genitive plural)
dēfectōrī (dative singular)
dēfectōribus (dative plural)
dēfectōrem (accusative singular)
dēfectōrēs (accusative plural)
dēfectōre (ablative singular)
dēfectōribus (ablative plural)
dēfector (singular vocative)
dēfectōrēs (plural vocative)


funis

fūnis m (genitive fūnis); third declension

fūnis (canonical masculine)
fūnis (genitive)
fūnis (nominative singular)
fūnēs (nominative plural)
fūnis (genitive singular)
fūnium (genitive plural)
fūnī (dative singular)
fūnibus (dative plural)
fūnem (accusative singular)
fūnēs (accusative plural)
fūnīs (accusative plural)
fūne (ablative singular)
fūnibus (ablative plural)
fūnis (singular vocative)
fūnēs (plural vocative)

→ English: funis (learned)

Aromanian: funi

Italian: fune

Romanian: funie

Sicilian: funi

Sardinian: fune, funi

Possibly from *fudnis, from Proto-Italic *fondnis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to tie; bond, band”).


frontale

la-noun

frontāle n (genitive frontālis); third declension

frontāle (canonical neuter)
frontālis (genitive)
frontāle (nominative singular)
frontālia (nominative plural)
frontālis (genitive singular)
frontālium (genitive plural)
frontālī (dative singular)
frontālibus (dative plural)
frontāle (accusative singular)
frontālia (accusative plural)
frontālī (ablative singular)
frontālibus (ablative plural)
frontāle (singular vocative)
frontālia (plural vocative)

[frɔn̪ˈt̪äːɫ̪ɛ]


livens

la-adj

līvēns (genitive līventis); third-declension one-termination adjective

līvēns (canonical)
līventis (genitive)
līvēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
līventēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
līventia (neuter nominative plural)
līventis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
līventium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
līventī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
līventibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
līventem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
līvēns (accusative neuter singular)
līventēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
līventīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
līventia (accusative neuter plural)
līvente (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
līventī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
līventibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
līvēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
līventēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
līventia (neuter plural vocative)


compages

la-noun

compāgēs f (genitive compāgis); third declension

compāgēs (canonical feminine)
compāgis (genitive)
compāgēs (nominative singular)
compāgēs (nominative plural)
compāgis (genitive singular)
compāgium (genitive plural)
compāgī (dative singular)
compāgibus (dative plural)
compāgem (accusative singular)
compāgēs (accusative plural)
compāgīs (accusative plural)
compāge (ablative singular)
compāgibus (ablative plural)
compāgēs (singular vocative)
compāgēs (plural vocative)

[kɔmˈpäːɡeːs̠]


teneritas

teneritās f (genitive teneritātis); third declension

teneritās (canonical feminine)
teneritātis (genitive)
teneritās (nominative singular)
teneritātēs (nominative plural)
teneritātis (genitive singular)
teneritātum (genitive plural)
teneritātī (dative singular)
teneritātibus (dative plural)
teneritātem (accusative singular)
teneritātēs (accusative plural)
teneritāte (ablative singular)
teneritātibus (ablative plural)
teneritās (singular vocative)
teneritātēs (plural vocative)

[t̪ɛˈnɛrɪt̪äːs̠]


capillare

capillāre n (genitive capillāris); third declension

capillāre (canonical neuter)
capillāris (genitive)
capillāre (nominative singular)
capillāria (nominative plural)
capillāris (genitive singular)
capillārium (genitive plural)
capillārī (dative singular)
capillāribus (dative plural)
capillāre (accusative singular)
capillāria (accusative plural)
capillārī (ablative singular)
capillāribus (ablative plural)
capillāre (singular vocative)
capillāria (plural vocative)

[käpɪlˈlʲäːrɛ]


amalgama

amalgama n (genitive amalgamatis); third declension

amalgamatis (genitive)
amalgama (nominative singular)
amalgamata (nominative plural)
amalgamatis (genitive singular)
amalgamatum (genitive plural)
amalgamatī (dative singular)
amalgamatibus (dative plural)
amalgama (accusative singular)
amalgamata (accusative plural)
amalgamate (ablative singular)
amalgamatibus (ablative plural)
amalgama (singular vocative)
amalgamata (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: амальга́ма (amalʹháma)

→ Bulgarian: амалга́ма (amalgáma)

→ Catalan: amalgama

→ Czech: amalgám

→ Danish: amalgam

→ Dutch: amalgaam

Afrikaans: amalgaam

→ English: amalgam

→ Finnish: amalgaami

desctree

→ French: amalgame
→ Greek: αμάλγαμα (amálgama)
→ Latvian: amalgama
→ Lithuanian: amalgamà
→ Romanian: amalgam
→ Russian: амальгама (amalʹgama)
→ Georgian: ამალგამა (amalgama)
→ Turkish: amalgam

→ Galician: amálgama

→ German: Amalgam

→ Hungarian: amalgám

→ Icelandic: amalgam

→ Italian: amalgama

→ Macedonian: амалгам (amalgam)

→ Malay: amalgam

→ Norwegian: amalgam

→ Occitan: amalgama

→ Polish: amalgamat

→ Portuguese: amálgama

→ Russian: амальга́ма (amalʹgáma)

→ Kazakh: амальгама (amalgama)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ама̀лга̄м

Latin script: amàlgām

→ Slovak: amalgám

→ Slovene: amalgám

→ Spanish: amalgama

→ Swedish: amalgam

→ Turkish: malgama

→ Ukrainian: амальга́ма (amalʹháma)

[äˈmäɫ̪ɡämä]

* From Arabic الْمَلْغَم (al-malḡam), from Ancient Greek μάλαγμα (málagma), which latter is from the stem as in μαλάσσω (malássō, “to soften”) and μαλακός (malakós, “soft”) and has developed from meanings of “emollient” over “malleable material”, “metal put around things”, to “gold” in Modern Greek, gold often the malleable metal fitted to things.
* According to others some عَمْل الْجَمْع (ʕaml al-jamʕ) or الْجَمَاعَة (al-jamāʕa) has underlain, but this root is far from chemical meanings, it just means “adding up, gathering”, not “conjoining”.


accusatrix

la-noun

accūsātrīx f (genitive accūsātrīcis); third declension

accūsātrīx (canonical feminine)
accūsātrīcis (genitive)
accūsātrīx (nominative singular)
accūsātrīcēs (nominative plural)
accūsātrīcis (genitive singular)
accūsātrīcum (genitive plural)
accūsātrīcī (dative singular)
accūsātrīcibus (dative plural)
accūsātrīcem (accusative singular)
accūsātrīcēs (accusative plural)
accūsātrīce (ablative singular)
accūsātrīcibus (ablative plural)
accūsātrīx (singular vocative)
accūsātrīcēs (plural vocative)

English: accusatrix

Italian: accusatrice

[äkːuːˈs̠äːt̪riːks̠]

From accūsō (“blame, accuse”) + -trīx, from ad (“to, towards, at”) + causa (“cause, reason, account, lawsuit”).


accusator

accūsātor m (genitive accūsātōris, feminine accūsātrīx); third declension

accūsātor (canonical masculine)
accūsātōris (genitive)
accūsātrīx (feminine)
accūsātor (nominative singular)
accūsātōrēs (nominative plural)
accūsātōris (genitive singular)
accūsātōrum (genitive plural)
accūsātōrī (dative singular)
accūsātōribus (dative plural)
accūsātōrem (accusative singular)
accūsātōrēs (accusative plural)
accūsātōre (ablative singular)
accūsātōribus (ablative plural)
accūsātor (singular vocative)
accūsātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: accusator, accuser

French: accusateur

Italian: accusatore

Old French: accusour

Portuguese: acusador

Romanian: acuzător

Spanish: acusador

[äkːuːˈs̠äːt̪ɔr]

From accūsāre (“blame, accuse”) + -tor, from ad (“to, towards, at”) + causa (“cause, reason, account, lawsuit”).


adjutor

adjūtor m (genitive adjūtōris); third declension

adjūtor (canonical masculine)
adjūtōris (genitive)
adjūtor (nominative singular)
adjūtōrēs (nominative plural)
adjūtōris (genitive singular)
adjūtōrum (genitive plural)
adjūtōrī (dative singular)
adjūtōribus (dative plural)
adjūtōrem (accusative singular)
adjūtōrēs (accusative plural)
adjūtōre (ablative singular)
adjūtōribus (ablative plural)
adjūtor (singular vocative)
adjūtōrēs (plural vocative)

[äd̪ˈi̯uːt̪ɔr]


dominator

dominātor m (genitive dominātōris); third declension

dominātor (canonical masculine)
dominātōris (genitive)
dominātor (nominative singular)
dominātōrēs (nominative plural)
dominātōris (genitive singular)
dominātōrum (genitive plural)
dominātōrī (dative singular)
dominātōribus (dative plural)
dominātōrem (accusative singular)
dominātōrēs (accusative plural)
dominātōre (ablative singular)
dominātōribus (ablative plural)
dominātor (singular vocative)
dominātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: dominador

French: dominateur

Galician: dominador

Italian: dominatore

Portuguese: dominador

Romanian: dominator

Spanish: dominador

[d̪ɔmɪˈnäːt̪ɔr]


dosis

dosis f (genitive dosis or doseōs or dosios); third declension

dosis (genitive)
doseōs (genitive)
dosios (genitive)
dosis (nominative singular)
dosēs (nominative plural)
doseis (nominative plural)
dosis (genitive singular)
doseōs (genitive singular)
dosios (genitive singular)
dosium (genitive plural)
dosī (dative singular)
dosibus (dative plural)
dosim (accusative singular)
dosin (accusative singular)
dosem (accusative singular)
dosēs (accusative plural)
dosīs (accusative plural)
dosī (ablative singular)
dose (ablative singular)
dosibus (ablative plural)
dosis (singular vocative)
dosi (singular vocative)
dosēs (plural vocative)
doseis (plural vocative)

Catalan: dosi

Danish: dosis

desctree

Dutch: dosis
Afrikaans: dosis
→ Indonesian: dosis

Middle Dutch: dose

Dutch: doos (see there for further descendants)

Middle French: dose

French: dose (see there for further descendants)

Norman: dôse

→ English: dose
→ Malay: dos

German: Dosis

Hungarian: dózis

Italian: dose

Occitan: dòsi

Portuguese: dose

Sicilian: dosi

Spanish: dosis
→ Hiligaynon: dósis
→ Tagalog: dosis

Swedish: dos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis, “a portion prescribed”, literally “a giving”), used by Galen and other Greek physicians to mean an amount of medicine, from Proto-Hellenic *dótis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis. Doublet of dōs.


edulis

la-adj

edūlis (neuter edūle); third-declension two-termination adjective

edūlis (canonical)
edūle (neuter)
edūlis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
edūle (neuter nominative singular)
edūlēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
edūlia (neuter nominative plural)
edūlis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
edūlium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
edūlī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
edūlibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
edūlem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
edūle (accusative neuter singular)
edūlēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
edūlīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
edūlia (accusative neuter plural)
edūlī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
edūlibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
edūlis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
edūle (neuter singular vocative)
edūlēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
edūlia (neuter plural vocative)

Italian: edule

Portuguese: edule

[ɛˈd̪uːlʲɪs̠]

From edō, probably via a u-stem *edū or *edus, plus -ilis. Compare the formations of pecū, gradus, gelū, algus, currus.


reformator

la-noun

refōrmātor m (genitive refōrmātōris); third declension

refōrmātor (canonical masculine)
refōrmātōris (genitive)
refōrmātor (nominative singular)
refōrmātōrēs (nominative plural)
refōrmātōris (genitive singular)
refōrmātōrum (genitive plural)
refōrmātōrī (dative singular)
refōrmātōribus (dative plural)
refōrmātōrem (accusative singular)
refōrmātōrēs (accusative plural)
refōrmātōre (ablative singular)
refōrmātōribus (ablative plural)
refōrmātor (singular vocative)
refōrmātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: reformator

→ French: réformateur

→ Polish: reformator

→ Romanian: reformator

→ German: Reformator

→ Hungarian: reformátor


oris

ōris f (genitive ōris); third declension

ōris (canonical feminine)
ōris (genitive)
ōris (nominative singular)
ōrēs (nominative plural)
ōris (genitive singular)
ōrium (genitive plural)
ōrī (dative singular)
ōribus (dative plural)
ōrem (accusative singular)
ōrēs (accusative plural)
ōrīs (accusative plural)
ōre (ablative singular)
ōribus (ablative plural)
ōris (singular vocative)
ōrēs (plural vocative)


indago

indāgō f (genitive indāginis); third declension

indāgō (canonical feminine)
indāginis (genitive)
indāgō (nominative singular)
indāginēs (nominative plural)
indāginis (genitive singular)
indāginum (genitive plural)
indāginī (dative singular)
indāginibus (dative plural)
indāginem (accusative singular)
indāginēs (accusative plural)
indāgine (ablative singular)
indāginibus (ablative plural)
indāgō (singular vocative)
indāginēs (plural vocative)

Spanish: andén

[ɪn̪ˈd̪äːɡoː]

[in̪ˈd̪äːɡo]

an encircling, enclosing of wild animals using nets

(Medieval Latin) an enclosure (territory); a park (land set aside for hunting) or forest

(Medieval Latin, Hungary) a march (border country)


commendator

commendātor m (genitive commendātōris); third declension

commendātor (canonical masculine)
commendātōris (genitive)
commendātor (nominative singular)
commendātōrēs (nominative plural)
commendātōris (genitive singular)
commendātōrum (genitive plural)
commendātōrī (dative singular)
commendātōribus (dative plural)
commendātōrem (accusative singular)
commendātōrēs (accusative plural)
commendātōre (ablative singular)
commendātōribus (ablative plural)
commendātor (singular vocative)
commendātōrēs (plural vocative)

[kɔmːɛn̪ˈd̪äːt̪ɔr]


volucer

la-adj

volucer (feminine volucris, neuter volucre); third-declension three-termination adjective

volucris (feminine)
volucre (neuter)
volucer (masculine nominative singular)
volucris (feminine nominative singular)
volucre (neuter nominative singular)
volucrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
volucria (neuter nominative plural)
volucris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
volucrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
volucrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
volucribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
volucrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
volucre (accusative neuter singular)
volucrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
volucria (accusative neuter plural)
volucrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
volucribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
volucer (masculine singular vocative)
volucris (feminine singular vocative)
volucre (neuter singular vocative)
volucrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
volucria (neuter plural vocative)

[ˈu̯ɔɫ̪ʊkɛr]

From volō, volāre (“to fly”). The masculine nominative singular form is derived by syncope from *wolukris, which probably developed by dissimilation from earlier *wolu-klis or *welu-klis, with a suffix ultimately derived from -*tlis, from Proto-Indo-European *-tl-, a variant of the zero-grade of the agent suffix *-tḗr. Compare alacer. However, De Vaan considers the origin of the ending *-kris to be uncertain.
Even though the stem of the verb volāre is volā-, this adjective is built on a stem volu- with short /u/, which De Vaan considers unexplained. Sen argues that the stem *welu- was taken from volucra (“larva of a moth that infests vines”), a derivative of volvō (“to (cause to) roll”), based on semantic and formal similarity. There is no consensus on the ultimate etymology of volāre (“to fly”), but one hypothesis is that it comes from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to throw”); assuming this initial *gʷ is correct, Weiss 2009 reconstructs an earlier stage as *gʷolu-tlis, comparing it to Sanskrit गरुड (garuḍa), which Weiss derives from *garutráḥ, and Schrijver compares it to Sanskrit गरुत्मान् (garutmān).

der

29 bc. Vergil. Georgics, III
omne adeo genvs in terris hominvmqve ferarvmqve
et genvs æqvorevm pecvdes pictæqve volvcres
in fvrias ignemqve rvvnt
So far does every species on earth of man and beast,
whether the aquatic species, livestock, or painted-winged,
collapse into the frenzies and the fire [of sex].

‘mella meum mūnus: volucrēs ego mella datūrās

“Honeys [are also] my duty: [It is] I [who] call to the violet, and the clover, and the hoary thyme the winged [ones who are] about to give honeys.”
(The poetic voice of Flora (mythology) is referring to “bees” as being “winged.” Translating “mella” as nominative and accusative plural, since the varied flowers result in differently colored and flavored honeys.)

ad violam et cytisōs et thyma cāna vocō.’


tristis

la-adj

trīstis (neuter trīste, comparative trīstior, superlative trīstissimus, adverb trīste); third-declension two-termination adjective

trīstis (canonical)
trīste (neuter)
trīstior (comparative)
trīstissimus (superlative)
trīste (adverb)
trīstis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
trīste (neuter nominative singular)
trīstēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
trīstia (neuter nominative plural)
trīstis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
trīstium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
trīstī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
trīstibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
trīstem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
trīste (accusative neuter singular)
trīstēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
trīstīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
trīstia (accusative neuter plural)
trīstī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
trīstibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
trīstis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
trīste (neuter singular vocative)
trīstēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
trīstia (neuter plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: trist

North Italian:

Friulian: trist

Piedmontese: trist

desc

Romansch: trist, trest (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)

Venetian: tristo

Italo-Romance:

Italian: tristo

Sicilian: tristu

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: trist

Occitan: trist

Old French: trist

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: tristo

Old Spanish: tristo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: tristu

→ Asturian: triste

→ Italian: triste

→ Occitan: triste

→ Old French: triste

French: triste (see there for further descendants)

→ Galician: triste

→ Old Irish: tríst

→ Old Spanish: triste

Spanish: triste

→ Portuguese: triste

→ Proto-Brythonic: *trist

Breton: trist

Old Welsh: trist

Middle Welsh: trist

Welsh: trist

→ Sicilian: tristi

Unknown. Variously compared to Proto-West Germanic *þrīstī (“bold, daring”), Ancient Greek δριμύς (drimús, “sharp; bitter”) and Old Church Slavonic дрѧхлъ (dręxlŭ, “sad”).

cog

excidit officium trīstī mihi. nūlla tuēbar

In sadness my duty was forgotten. I was guarding not
the fields, neither was a fertile garden in value.

rūra, nec in pretiō fertilis hortus erat.


salvator

la-noun

salvātor m (genitive salvātōris, feminine salvātrīx); third declension

salvātor (canonical masculine)
salvātōris (genitive)
salvātrīx (feminine)
salvātor (nominative singular)
salvātōrēs (nominative plural)
salvātōris (genitive singular)
salvātōrum (genitive plural)
salvātōrī (dative singular)
salvātōribus (dative plural)
salvātōrem (accusative singular)
salvātōrēs (accusative plural)
salvātōre (ablative singular)
salvātōribus (ablative plural)
salvātor (singular vocative)
salvātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Middle English: salvatour

English: salvator

desctree

Old French: sauveor
French: sauveur
→ Middle English: saveour
English: savior, saviour; Savior, Saviour
Scots: saviour; Saviour

Italian: salvatore

Old Occitan: salvador

Occitan: salvador

Old Piedmontese: salvare (nominative), salvaor (accusative)

Catalan: salvador

Portuguese: salvador

Romanian: salvator

Sicilian: sarbaturi

Old Spanish: salbatore

Spanish: salvador

[s̠äɫ̪ˈu̯äːt̪ɔr]

From salvō + -tor. Compare Paelignian salauatur (“(a type of) official”).


mallo

la-noun

mallō m (genitive mallōnis); third declension

mallō (canonical masculine)
mallōnis (genitive)
mallō (nominative singular)
mallōnēs (nominative plural)
mallōnis (genitive singular)
mallōnum (genitive plural)
mallōnī (dative singular)
mallōnibus (dative plural)
mallōnem (accusative singular)
mallōnēs (accusative plural)
mallōne (ablative singular)
mallōnibus (ablative plural)
mallō (singular vocative)
mallōnēs (plural vocative)

(pathology) A kind of tumor on the knees of animals


levidensis

la-adj

levidēnsis (neuter levidēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

levidēnsis (canonical)
levidēnse (neuter)
levidēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
levidēnse (neuter nominative singular)
levidēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
levidēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
levidēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
levidēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
levidēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
levidēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
levidēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
levidēnse (accusative neuter singular)
levidēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
levidēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
levidēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
levidēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
levidēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
levidēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
levidēnse (neuter singular vocative)
levidēnsēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
levidēnsia (neuter plural vocative)

[ɫ̪eu̯ɪˈd̪ẽːs̠ɪs̠]

From levis (“light”) + dēnsus (“dense”).


peculator

la-noun

pecūlātor m (genitive pecūlātōris); third declension

pecūlātor (canonical masculine)
pecūlātōris (genitive)
pecūlātor (nominative singular)
pecūlātōrēs (nominative plural)
pecūlātōris (genitive singular)
pecūlātōrum (genitive plural)
pecūlātōrī (dative singular)
pecūlātōribus (dative plural)
pecūlātōrem (accusative singular)
pecūlātōrēs (accusative plural)
pecūlātōre (ablative singular)
pecūlātōribus (ablative plural)
pecūlātor (singular vocative)
pecūlātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: peculator

[pɛkuːˈɫ̪äːt̪ɔr]

From pecūlor (“I embezzle”) + -tor, from pecūlium (“private property”).

mox compertum publicam pecuniam avertisse ut peculatorem flagitari iussit.

c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Histories 1.53

it being soon discovered that he had embezzled the public money, he directed that he should be prosecuted as a peculator.


aspergo

aspergō f (genitive asperginis); third declension

aspergō (canonical feminine)
asperginis (genitive)
aspergō (nominative singular)
asperginēs (nominative plural)
asperginis (genitive singular)
asperginum (genitive plural)
asperginī (dative singular)
asperginibus (dative plural)
asperginem (accusative singular)
asperginēs (accusative plural)
aspergine (ablative singular)
asperginibus (ablative plural)
aspergō (singular vocative)
asperginēs (plural vocative)

Italian: aspergine

[äs̠ˈpɛrɡoː]


letalis

la-adj

lētālis (neuter lētāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

lētālis (canonical)
lētāle (neuter)
lētālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
lētāle (neuter nominative singular)
lētālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
lētālia (neuter nominative plural)
lētālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
lētālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
lētālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
lētālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lētālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
lētāle (accusative neuter singular)
lētālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
lētālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
lētālia (accusative neuter plural)
lētālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
lētālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lētālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
lētāle (neuter singular vocative)
lētālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
lētālia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: letal

→ English: lethal

→ French: létal

→ German: letal

→ Italian: letale

→ Portuguese: letal

→ Romanian: letal

→ Spanish: letal

[ɫ̪eːˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]

Quem cum bello caesum patri renuntiassent, ait: "Recepitne vulnus letale in anteriori vel posteriori corporis parte?" Dixerunt nuntii: "In anteriori."

c. 1129, Henricus Huntindoniensis, edited by Thomas Arnold, Historia Anglorum, published 1879, page 194

And when they had reported his death during the battle to his father, he said: "Did he receive the lethal blow on the front or the back of his body?" The messengers said: "In the front."

Biologici Nipones affirmant virus H5N1 {...} esse letale.
Japanese biologists confirm that the H5N1 virus {...} is lethal.

2007, Carolus Petreius Bogotensis, Niponum gallinae probantur viru aviarii morbi contactae, Ephemeris


intelligens

la-part

intelligēns (genitive intelligentis); third-declension one-termination participle

intelligēns (canonical)
intelligentis (genitive)
intelligēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
intelligentēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
intelligentia (neuter nominative plural)
intelligentis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
intelligentium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
intelligentī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
intelligentibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
intelligentem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
intelligēns (accusative neuter singular)
intelligentēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
intelligentīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
intelligentia (accusative neuter plural)
intelligente (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
intelligentī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
intelligentibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
intelligēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
intelligentēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
intelligentia (neuter plural vocative)

Asturian: intelixencia

Catalan: intel·ligència

Corsican: intelligenza

Dutch: intelligentie

Galician: intelixencia

German: Intelligenz

Italian: intelligenza

→ Middle English: intelligence

English: intelligence

Mirandese: anteligéncia

Norwegian: intelligens

Occitan: intelligéncia

Old French: intelligence

French: intelligence

Portuguese: inteligência

Romanian: inteligenta, inteligenţă

Spanish: inteligencia

Swedish: intelligens

Danish: intelligens

Norwegian Nynorsk: intelligens

Norwegian Bokmål: intelligens

Venetian: intełigensa, intełigenzsa

[ɪn̪ˈt̪ɛlːʲɪɡẽːs̠]


lustro

la-noun

lustrō m (genitive lustrōnis); third declension

lustrō (canonical masculine)
lustrōnis (genitive)
lustrō (nominative singular)
lustrōnēs (nominative plural)
lustrōnis (genitive singular)
lustrōnum (genitive plural)
lustrōnī (dative singular)
lustrōnibus (dative plural)
lustrōnem (accusative singular)
lustrōnēs (accusative plural)
lustrōne (ablative singular)
lustrōnibus (ablative plural)
lustrō (singular vocative)
lustrōnēs (plural vocative)

[ˈɫ̪ʊs̠t̪roː]

In sense 1, from lustra (“brothel, place of debauchery”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix) (compare lustror (“to frequent brothels”)). Sense 2 is possibly a reinterpretation based on the alternative sense of lustra (“wilds, woods, forest”) or influenced by the etymologically unrelated verb lūstrō (“wander over, traverse, roam”) (see above).

suffix

Pessimorum pessime, audax, ganeo lustro aleo!

c. 270 BCE – c. 201 BCE, Gnaeus Naevius, Com 118

2017 translation by Amy Richlin
Worst of the worst, bold, glutton, barfly, gambler

Vagus est et lustro

c. 270 BCE – c. 201 BCE, Gnaeus Naevius, Com 120

frequenter of brothels/places of ill repute

hic lustro, nis ·i· ille qui vagus est et nihil agit nisi fora lustrat, unde Naevius de quodam: vagus, inquit, est et lustro

c. 1150 – 1180, Thesaurus novus Latinitatis 313, (first published by Angelo Mai in Auctores Classici Vol. 8; authorship now attributed to Osbernus of Gloucester)

Errabundus, erratilis, vagus, lustrones, qui vagi sunt et instabiles

c. 1150 – 1180, Osbern of Gloucester, Derivationes 193


tendo

la-noun

tendō m (genitive tendōnis); third declension

tendō (canonical masculine)
tendōnis (genitive)
tendō (nominative singular)
tendōnēs (nominative plural)
tendōnis (genitive singular)
tendōnum (genitive plural)
tendōnī (dative singular)
tendōnibus (dative plural)
tendōnem (accusative singular)
tendōnēs (accusative plural)
tendōne (ablative singular)
tendōnibus (ablative plural)
tendō (singular vocative)
tendōnēs (plural vocative)

→ English: tendon

desctree

→ French: tendon
→ Romanian: tendon
→? Turkish: tendon

→ Galician: tendón

→ Italian: tendine

→ Portuguese: tendão

→ Spanish: tendón

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “sinew, tendon”), with spelling influenced by tendō (verb). Doublet of tenōn which was borrowed earlier.

bor

[ˈt̪ɛn̪d̪oː]


lebes

la-noun

lebēs m (genitive lebētis); third declension

lebēs (canonical masculine)
lebētis (genitive)
lebēs (nominative singular)
lebētēs (nominative plural)
lebētis (genitive singular)
lebētum (genitive plural)
lebētī (dative singular)
lebētibus (dative plural)
lebētem (accusative singular)
lebētēs (accusative plural)
lebētās (accusative plural)
lebēte (ablative singular)
lebētibus (ablative plural)
lebēs (singular vocative)
lebētēs (plural vocative)

A copper basin, kettle, cauldron, used either for washing or boiling.


bellatrix

bellātrīx f (genitive bellātrīcis, masculine bellātor); third declension

bellātrīx (canonical feminine)
bellātrīcis (genitive)
bellātor (masculine)
bellātrīx (nominative singular)
bellātrīcēs (nominative plural)
bellātrīcis (genitive singular)
bellātrīcum (genitive plural)
bellātrīcī (dative singular)
bellātrīcibus (dative plural)
bellātrīcem (accusative singular)
bellātrīcēs (accusative plural)
bellātrīce (ablative singular)
bellātrīcibus (ablative plural)
bellātrīx (singular vocative)
bellātrīcēs (plural vocative)


lectio

lēctiō f (genitive lēctiōnis); third declension

lēctiō (canonical feminine)
lēctiōnis (genitive)
lēctiō (nominative singular)
lēctiōnēs (nominative plural)
lēctiōnis (genitive singular)
lēctiōnum (genitive plural)
lēctiōnī (dative singular)
lēctiōnibus (dative plural)
lēctiōnem (accusative singular)
lēctiōnēs (accusative plural)
lēctiōne (ablative singular)
lēctiōnibus (ablative plural)
lēctiō (singular vocative)
lēctiōnēs (plural vocative)

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: lliçó

Occitan: leiçon

Franco-Provençal: leçon

Old French: leçon

French: leçon

Norman: lichon (Jersey)

→ Middle English: lessoun

English: lesson

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: lleición, llición

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: liçon
Galician: leizón
Portuguese: lição

Early borrowings:

→ Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍄𐌾𐍉 (laiktjō)

→ Middle Dutch: lesse

Dutch: les
Afrikaans: les
→ Caribbean Javanese: lès
→ Indonesian: les
→ Papiamentu: lès, les

→ Proto-Brythonic: *lliθ

Middle Welsh: llith

Welsh: llith

Later borrowings

→ Bulgarian: ле́кция (lékcija)

→ English: lection, lectio difficilior

→ Esperanto: leciono

→ Friulian: lezion, lizion

→ German: Lektion

→ Italian: lezione

→ Macedonian: лекција (lekcija)

→ Middle Low German: lektie, lexe

→ Danish: lektie

→ Swedish: läxa

→ Old French: lection

→ Polish: lekcja

→ Romanian: lecție

→ Romansch: lecziun

→ Russian: ле́кция (lékcija)

→ Crimean Tatar: lektsiya

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: lèkcija

Cyrillic script: лѐкција

→ Spanish: lección

→ Galician: lección

→ Swedish: lektion

From legō (“I choose, gather, read”) + -tiō.

Lectio ulla sine delectatione.

Ego lēctiōnem legō


lepos

la-noun

lepōs m (genitive lepōris); third declension

lepōs (canonical masculine)
lepōris (genitive)
lepōs (nominative singular)
lepōrēs (nominative plural)
lepōris (genitive singular)
lepōrum (genitive plural)
lepōrī (dative singular)
lepōribus (dative plural)
lepōrem (accusative singular)
lepōrēs (accusative plural)
lepōre (ablative singular)
lepōribus (ablative plural)
lepōs (singular vocative)
lepōrēs (plural vocative)

Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *lep- and thereby related to Latin limpidus.


legatio

lēgātiō f (genitive lēgātiōnis); third declension

lēgātiō (canonical feminine)
lēgātiōnis (genitive)
lēgātiō (nominative singular)
lēgātiōnēs (nominative plural)
lēgātiōnis (genitive singular)
lēgātiōnum (genitive plural)
lēgātiōnī (dative singular)
lēgātiōnibus (dative plural)
lēgātiōnem (accusative singular)
lēgātiōnēs (accusative plural)
lēgātiōne (ablative singular)
lēgātiōnibus (ablative plural)
lēgātiō (singular vocative)
lēgātiōnēs (plural vocative)

English: legation

French: légation

Italian: legazione

Portuguese: legação

Romanian: legație

Spanish: legación

[ɫ̪eːˈɡäːt̪ioː]

From lēgō (“send with a commission”) + -tiō.

embassy; member of an embassy; mission;
embassy; member of an embassy; mission;

embassy; member of an embassy; mission; (cf. Whitaker's Words)


legumen

legūmen n (genitive legūminis); third declension

legūmen (canonical neuter)
legūminis (genitive)
legūmen (nominative singular)
legūmina (nominative plural)
legūminis (genitive singular)
legūminum (genitive plural)
legūminī (dative singular)
legūminibus (dative plural)
legūmen (accusative singular)
legūmina (accusative plural)
legūmine (ablative singular)
legūminibus (ablative plural)
legūmen (singular vocative)
legūmina (plural vocative)

Catalan: llegum

→ English: legumen (learned)

→ French: légume

→ English: legume

→ Esperanto: legomo

Friulian: liùm

Galician: legume

Italian: legume

Occitan: legum

Old French: legun, leun

Portuguese: legume

Romanian: legumă

Sicilian: lijumi

Spanish: legumbre

Venetian: legùmo

[ɫ̪ɛˈɡuːmɛn]

Uncertain. Possibly connected to legere (“to gather”) because they can be scooped up in the hand. The second element appears to be the common noun-forming suffix -men, but the connecting -ū- is unexplained. Alternatively, a loanword from some other language, but no cognates have been identified.


legens

legēns m (genitive legentis); third declension

legēns (canonical masculine)
legentis (genitive)
legēns (nominative singular)
legentēs (nominative plural)
legentis (genitive singular)
legentium (genitive plural)
legentī (dative singular)
legentibus (dative plural)
legentem (accusative singular)
legentēs (accusative plural)
legentīs (accusative plural)
legente (ablative singular)
legentibus (ablative plural)
legēns (singular vocative)
legentēs (plural vocative)

From the present active participle of legō (“pick out, select”).


legens

la-part

legēns (genitive legentis); third-declension one-termination participle

legēns (canonical)
legentis (genitive)
legēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
legentēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
legentia (neuter nominative plural)
legentis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
legentium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
legentī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
legentibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
legentem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
legēns (accusative neuter singular)
legentēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
legentīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
legentia (accusative neuter plural)
legente (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
legentī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
legentibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
legēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
legentēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
legentia (neuter plural vocative)

collecting, gathering, bringing together.


hydromel

la-noun

hydromel n (genitive hydromelitis); third declension

hydromelitis (genitive)
hydromel (nominative singular)
hydromelita (nominative plural)
hydromelitis (genitive singular)
hydromelitum (genitive plural)
hydromelitī (dative singular)
hydromelitibus (dative plural)
hydromel (accusative singular)
hydromelita (accusative plural)
hydromelite (ablative singular)
hydromelitibus (ablative plural)
hydromel (singular vocative)
hydromelita (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: hidromel

→ English: hydromel

→ Italian: idromele

[ˈhʏd̪rɔmɛɫ̪]

From hydro- (from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”)) + mel (“honey”).


libamen

lībāmen n (genitive lībāminis); third declension

lībāmen (canonical neuter)
lībāminis (genitive)
lībāmen (nominative singular)
lībāmina (nominative plural)
lībāminis (genitive singular)
lībāminum (genitive plural)
lībāminī (dative singular)
lībāminibus (dative plural)
lībāmen (accusative singular)
lībāmina (accusative plural)
lībāmine (ablative singular)
lībāminibus (ablative plural)
lībāmen (singular vocative)
lībāmina (plural vocative)

Italian: libame

From lībō (“I make a libation”) + -men (noun-forming suffix).

suffix

Nōmine ab auctōris dūcunt lībāmina nōmen
lībaque, quod sānctīs pars datur inde focīs.
Libations and cakes draw their names from the name of their inventor,
because a portion of them is being offered upon the sacred hearths.
(Ovid credits the god Liber, or Bacchus, with the origin of ancient sacred ritual practices, such as offering a ‘‘libamen’’ (libation) and a ‘‘libum’’ (cake). For another likely link to Liber’s name – and the Latin ‘‘libo’’ – see also the Greek λείβω, ‘‘to pour.’’)

libation, offering to the gods; firstfruits


libatio

la-noun

lībātiō f (genitive lībātiōnis); third declension

lībātiō (canonical feminine)
lībātiōnis (genitive)
lībātiō (nominative singular)
lībātiōnēs (nominative plural)
lībātiōnis (genitive singular)
lībātiōnum (genitive plural)
lībātiōnī (dative singular)
lībātiōnibus (dative plural)
lībātiōnem (accusative singular)
lībātiōnēs (accusative plural)
lībātiōne (ablative singular)
lībātiōnibus (ablative plural)
lībātiō (singular vocative)
lībātiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: libació

English: libation

French: libation

Italian: libagione, libazione

Portuguese: libação

Romanian: libație

Spanish: libación


lentitudo

lentitūdō f (genitive lentitūdinis); third declension

lentitūdō (canonical feminine)
lentitūdinis (genitive)
lentitūdō (nominative singular)
lentitūdinēs (nominative plural)
lentitūdinis (genitive singular)
lentitūdinum (genitive plural)
lentitūdinī (dative singular)
lentitūdinibus (dative plural)
lentitūdinem (accusative singular)
lentitūdinēs (accusative plural)
lentitūdine (ablative singular)
lentitūdinibus (ablative plural)
lentitūdō (singular vocative)
lentitūdinēs (plural vocative)

[ɫ̪ɛn̪t̪ɪˈt̪uːd̪oː]


lubens

la-adj

lubēns (genitive lubentis, comparative lubentior, adverb lubenter); third-declension one-termination adjective

lubēns (canonical)
lubentis (genitive)
lubentior (comparative)
lubenter (adverb)
lubēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
lubentēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
lubentia (neuter nominative plural)
lubentis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
lubentium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
lubentī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
lubentibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lubentem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
lubēns (accusative neuter singular)
lubentēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
lubentia (accusative neuter plural)
lubentī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
lubentibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lubēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
lubentēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
lubentia (neuter plural vocative)


libens

libēns (genitive libentis, comparative libentior, superlative libentissimus, adverb libenter); third-declension one-termination adjective

libēns (canonical)
libentis (genitive)
libentior (comparative)
libentissimus (superlative)
libenter (adverb)
libēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
libentēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
libentia (neuter nominative plural)
libentis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
libentium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
libentī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
libentibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
libentem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
libēns (accusative neuter singular)
libentēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
libentia (accusative neuter plural)
libentī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
libentibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
libēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
libentēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
libentia (neuter plural vocative)


telis

la-noun

tēlis f (genitive tēlis); third declension

tēlis (canonical feminine)
tēlis (genitive)
tēlis (nominative singular)
tēlēs (nominative plural)
tēlis (genitive singular)
tēlium (genitive plural)
tēlī (dative singular)
tēlibus (dative plural)
tēlem (accusative singular)
tēlēs (accusative plural)
tēlīs (accusative plural)
tēle (ablative singular)
tēlibus (ablative plural)
tēlis (singular vocative)
tēlēs (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τῆλις (têlis).

[ˈt̪eːlʲɪs̠]


litus

lītus n (genitive lītoris); third declension

lītus (canonical neuter)
lītoris (genitive)
lītus (nominative singular)
lītora (nominative plural)
lītoris (genitive singular)
lītorum (genitive plural)
lītorī (dative singular)
lītoribus (dative plural)
lītus (accusative singular)
lītora (accusative plural)
lītore (ablative singular)
lītoribus (ablative plural)
lītus (singular vocative)
lītora (plural vocative)

Corsican: lidu

desc

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="it">lito</i>

Italian: lido (obsolete lito)

Sicilian: litu

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="vec">lio</i>

Venetian: lido (obsolete lio)

[ˈlʲiːt̪ʊs̠]

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to flow”), whence perhaps Lithuania. De Vaan is unconvinced, and prefers a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *leyt-os- (“going”) (with sense development "going away" > "end, side" > "seashore, coast"), from *leyt- (“to go, depart”), whence Tocharian B litā- (“to pass on”), Avestan 𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬚𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (ⁱriθiieⁱti, “to die, pass away”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (galeiþan, “to depart, go forth”).

cog

... juvat ire et Dorica castra desertosque videre locos litusque relictum.

... it was a delight to walk through the Doric camp and to see the deserted places and the abandoned shore.


laxitas

la-noun

laxitās f (genitive laxitātis); third declension

laxitās (canonical feminine)
laxitātis (genitive)
laxitās (nominative singular)
laxitātēs (nominative plural)
laxitātis (genitive singular)
laxitātum (genitive plural)
laxitātī (dative singular)
laxitātibus (dative plural)
laxitātem (accusative singular)
laxitātēs (accusative plural)
laxitāte (ablative singular)
laxitātibus (ablative plural)
laxitās (singular vocative)
laxitātēs (plural vocative)

English: laxity

[ˈɫ̪äks̠ɪt̪äːs̠]


liberalitas

līberālitās f (genitive līberālitātis); third declension

līberālitās (canonical feminine)
līberālitātis (genitive)
līberālitās (nominative singular)
līberālitātēs (nominative plural)
līberālitātis (genitive singular)
līberālitātum (genitive plural)
līberālitātī (dative singular)
līberālitātibus (dative plural)
līberālitātem (accusative singular)
līberālitātēs (accusative plural)
līberālitāte (ablative singular)
līberālitātibus (ablative plural)
līberālitās (singular vocative)
līberālitātēs (plural vocative)

→ English: liberality

→ French: libéralité

→ Italian: liberalità

→ Portuguese: liberalidade

→ Romanian: liberalitate

→ Sicilian: libbiralità

→ Spanish: liberalidad

[lʲiːbɛˈräːlʲɪt̪äːs̠]


liberalis

la-adj

līberālis (neuter līberāle, comparative līberālior, superlative līberālissimus, adverb līberāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

līberālis (canonical)
līberāle (neuter)
līberālior (comparative)
līberālissimus (superlative)
līberāliter (adverb)
līberālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
līberāle (neuter nominative singular)
līberālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
līberālia (neuter nominative plural)
līberālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
līberālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
līberālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
līberālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
līberālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
līberāle (accusative neuter singular)
līberālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
līberālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
līberālia (accusative neuter plural)
līberālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
līberālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
līberālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
līberāle (neuter singular vocative)
līberālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
līberālia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: liberal

→ Dutch: liberaal

→ Esperanto: liberala

→ Estonian: liberaalne

→ Finnish: liberaali

→ Galician: liberal

→ German: liberal

→ Indonesian: liberal

→ Italian: liberale

→ Macedonian: либерал (liberal)

→ Old French: liberal

French: libéral

→ Middle English: liberal

English: liberal

→ Japanese: リベラル (riberaru)

→ Scottish Gaelic: libearalach

→ Polish: liberalny

→ Portuguese: liberal

→ Romanian: liberal

→ Russian: либера́л (liberál)

→ Serbo-Croatian: либѐра̄л, libèrāl

→ Sicilian: libbirali

→ Spanish: liberal

→ Swedish: liberal

→ Yiddish: ליבעראַל (liberal)

[lʲiːbɛˈräːlʲɪs̠]

dignified, honorable, befitting a freedman


leno

la-noun

lēnō m (genitive lēnōnis); third declension

lēnō (canonical masculine)
lēnōnis (genitive)
lēnō (nominative singular)
lēnōnēs (nominative plural)
lēnōnis (genitive singular)
lēnōnum (genitive plural)
lēnōnī (dative singular)
lēnōnibus (dative plural)
lēnōnem (accusative singular)
lēnōnēs (accusative plural)
lēnōne (ablative singular)
lēnōnibus (ablative plural)
lēnō (singular vocative)
lēnōnēs (plural vocative)

Italian: lenone

Spanish: lenón

Heus tu, leno, te volo. - Et ego te volo.

Ah there, pimp, I want you! - And I want you.


lenimen

lēnīmen n (genitive lēnīminis); third declension

lēnīmen (canonical neuter)
lēnīminis (genitive)
lēnīmen (nominative singular)
lēnīmina (nominative plural)
lēnīminis (genitive singular)
lēnīminum (genitive plural)
lēnīminī (dative singular)
lēnīminibus (dative plural)
lēnīmen (accusative singular)
lēnīmina (accusative plural)
lēnīmine (ablative singular)
lēnīminibus (ablative plural)
lēnīmen (singular vocative)
lēnīmina (plural vocative)

From lēniō (“I soothe, alleviate”) + -men (noun-forming suffix).


lenitas

la-noun

lēnitās f (genitive lēnitātis); third declension

lēnitās (canonical feminine)
lēnitātis (genitive)
lēnitās (nominative singular)
lēnitātēs (nominative plural)
lēnitātis (genitive singular)
lēnitātum (genitive plural)
lēnitātī (dative singular)
lēnitātibus (dative plural)
lēnitātem (accusative singular)
lēnitātēs (accusative plural)
lēnitāte (ablative singular)
lēnitātibus (ablative plural)
lēnitās (singular vocative)
lēnitātēs (plural vocative)

English: lenity

Spanish: lenidad

[ˈɫ̪eːnɪt̪äːs̠]


lenitudo

lēnitūdō f (genitive lēnitūdinis); third declension

lēnitūdō (canonical feminine)
lēnitūdinis (genitive)
lēnitūdō (nominative singular)
lēnitūdinēs (nominative plural)
lēnitūdinis (genitive singular)
lēnitūdinum (genitive plural)
lēnitūdinī (dative singular)
lēnitūdinibus (dative plural)
lēnitūdinem (accusative singular)
lēnitūdinēs (accusative plural)
lēnitūdine (ablative singular)
lēnitūdinibus (ablative plural)
lēnitūdō (singular vocative)
lēnitūdinēs (plural vocative)

[ɫ̪eːnɪˈt̪uːd̪oː]


proconsul

prōcōnsul m (genitive prōcōnsulis); third declension

prōcōnsul (canonical masculine)
prōcōnsulis (genitive)
prōcōnsul (nominative singular)
prōcōnsulēs (nominative plural)
prōcōnsulis (genitive singular)
prōcōnsulum (genitive plural)
prōcōnsulī (dative singular)
prōcōnsulibus (dative plural)
prōcōnsulem (accusative singular)
prōcōnsulēs (accusative plural)
prōcōnsule (ablative singular)
prōcōnsulibus (ablative plural)
prōcōnsul (singular vocative)
prōcōnsulēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: procònsol

English: proconsul

French: proconsul

Galician: procónsul

Italian: proconsole

Portuguese: procônsul

Russian: проконсул (prokonsul)

Spanish: procónsul

[proːˈkõːs̠ʊɫ̪]

proconsul; a man who became governor of a province or a military commander with the authority of a consul

a governor in one of the provinces of the Roman Senate


insinuator

īnsinuātor m (genitive īnsinuātōris, feminine īnsinuātrīx); third declension

īnsinuātor (canonical masculine)
īnsinuātōris (genitive)
īnsinuātrīx (feminine)
īnsinuātor (nominative singular)
īnsinuātōrēs (nominative plural)
īnsinuātōris (genitive singular)
īnsinuātōrum (genitive plural)
īnsinuātōrī (dative singular)
īnsinuātōribus (dative plural)
īnsinuātōrem (accusative singular)
īnsinuātōrēs (accusative plural)
īnsinuātōre (ablative singular)
īnsinuātōribus (ablative plural)
īnsinuātor (singular vocative)
īnsinuātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: insinuator

[ĩːs̠ɪnuˈäːt̪ɔr]


curis

curis f (genitive curis); third declension

curis (genitive)
curis (nominative singular)
curēs (nominative plural)
curis (genitive singular)
curium (genitive plural)
curī (dative singular)
curibus (dative plural)
curin (accusative singular)
curēs (accusative plural)
curīs (accusative plural)
curī (ablative singular)
curibus (ablative plural)
curis (singular vocative)
curēs (plural vocative)


cors

cōrs f (genitive cōrtis); third declension

cōrs (canonical feminine)
cōrtis (genitive)
cōrs (nominative singular)
cōrtēs (nominative plural)
cōrtis (genitive singular)
cōrtum (genitive plural)
cōrtī (dative singular)
cōrtibus (dative plural)
cōrtem (accusative singular)
cōrtēs (accusative plural)
cōrte (ablative singular)
cōrtibus (ablative plural)
cōrs (singular vocative)
cōrtēs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: kurt

Aromanian: curti

Catalan: cort

Corsican: corti

desctree

Old French: cort
French: cour
→ Middle English: court, cort, corte, cortt, courte, curt, curth
English: court (see there for further descendants)
Scots: court, coort

Friulian: cort

Galician: corte

→ Irish: cúirt

Italian: corte

Occitan: cort

Portuguese: corte

Romanian: curte

Romansch: curt, cuort

Sardinian: colte, corte, corti

Sicilian: curti, (hence) curtigghiu

Spanish: corte

Venetian: corte, cort


grando

la-noun

grandō f (genitive grandinis); third declension

grandō (canonical feminine)
grandinis (genitive)
grandō (nominative singular)
grandinēs (nominative plural)
grandinis (genitive singular)
grandinum (genitive plural)
grandinī (dative singular)
grandinibus (dative plural)
grandinem (accusative singular)
grandinēs (accusative plural)
grandine (ablative singular)
grandinibus (ablative plural)
grandō (singular vocative)
grandinēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: grãndini, grindinã

Asturian: granizu (possibly, unlikely)

Galician: graínzo (possibly, unlikely)

Italian: grandine

Occitan: granissa (possibly, unlikely)

Portuguese: granizo (through Spanish)

Romanian: grindină

Romansch: granella (possibly), garniala, garneala, garnela

desc

Sardinian: gràndhile, gràndhine, gràndili

Sicilian: grànnula

q

Spanish: granizo (possibly, unlikely; if so, influenced by 'grano' and '-izo')

[ˈɡrän̪d̪oː]

Hīs ego nigrantem commixtā grandine nimbum, ….

“To [the hunting party of Dido and Aeneas], I, [Juno, will send] a dark stormcloud mixed with hail, ….”

flōrēbant segetēs; grandine laesa seges

“The crops were blooming; the crop was harmed by hail.”
(The poetic voice is that of Flora (mythology).)

(figuratively) great quantity, multitude


praetor

la-noun

praetor m (genitive praetōris); third declension

praetōris (genitive)
praetor (nominative singular)
praetōrēs (nominative plural)
praetōris (genitive singular)
praetōrum (genitive plural)
praetōrī (dative singular)
praetōribus (dative plural)
praetōrem (accusative singular)
praetōrēs (accusative plural)
praetōre (ablative singular)
praetōribus (ablative plural)
praetor (singular vocative)
praetōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: pretor

Galician: pretor

→ Byzantine Greek: πραίτωρ (praítōr)

→ Old Francoprovençal: pretor

Franco-Provençal: prétor

→ Old French: pretor

French: préteur

Italian: pretore

Portuguese: pretor

Spanish: pretor

For *praeitor, from Proto-Italic *praiitōr. Equal to praeeō + -tor.


offendo

offendō f (genitive offendinis); third declension

offendō (canonical feminine)
offendinis (genitive)
offendō (nominative singular)
offendinēs (nominative plural)
offendinis (genitive singular)
offendinum (genitive plural)
offendinī (dative singular)
offendinibus (dative plural)
offendinem (accusative singular)
offendinēs (accusative plural)
offendine (ablative singular)
offendinibus (ablative plural)
offendō (singular vocative)
offendinēs (plural vocative)

From ob- (“against”) + *fendō (“hit, thrust”), from Proto-Italic *fendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike, to kill”). Compare dēfendō.


similis

la-adj

similis (neuter simile, comparative similior, superlative simillimus, adverb similiter); third-declension two-termination adjective

simile (neuter)
similior (comparative)
simillimus (superlative)
similiter (adverb)
similis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
simile (neuter nominative singular)
similēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
similia (neuter nominative plural)
similis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
similium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
similī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
similibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
similem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
simile (accusative neuter singular)
similēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
similīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
similia (accusative neuter plural)
similī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
similibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
similis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
simile (neuter singular vocative)
similēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
similia (neuter plural vocative)

Inherited:

Old French: semble

Old Neapolitan: semele

Old Occitan: semble

Romanian: seamăn

Vulgar Latin: *similiāre (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed:

→ Catalan: símil

→ English: simile

→ Friulian: simil

→ Italian: simile

→ Portuguese: símile, símil

→ Spanish: símil

[ˈs̠ɪmɪlʲɪs̠]

From Proto-Italic *semalis, from Proto-Indo-European *sem-h₂-lo-, from *sem- (“together, one”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὁμαλός (homalós, “even, level”), Welsh hafal (“equal”).

cog

… hinc tōtō praeceps sē corpore ad undās
mīsit, avī similis, quae circum lītora, circum

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.253–255

… then, with his whole body, [Mercury] hurled himself headlong toward the waves, like a seabird, which rounds the shorelines, [and] around the fish-filled crags it flies low near the water.

piscōsōs scopulōs humilīs volat aequora iuxtā.

(takes a dative object) similar to, like, resembling, of the same kind, the same as


tyrannis

la-noun

tyrannis f (genitive tyrannidis); third declension

tyrannidis (genitive)
tyrannis (nominative singular)
tyrannidēs (nominative plural)
tyrannidis (genitive singular)
tyrannidum (genitive plural)
tyrannidī (dative singular)
tyrannidibus (dative plural)
tyrannidem (accusative singular)
tyrannida (accusative singular)
tyrannidēs (accusative plural)
tyrannide (ablative singular)
tyrannidibus (ablative plural)
tyrannis (singular vocative)
tyrannidēs (plural vocative)

English: tyranny

[t̪ʏˈränːɪs̠]

Genus humanum solum imperante Monarcha, sui, et non alterius gratia, est: tunc enim solum Politiae diriguntur obliquae, democratiae scilicet, oligarchiae atque tyrannides, quae in servitute cogunt genus humanum.

1313, Dante Alighieri, “Liber I [Book 1]”, in De monarchia [About monarchy]

Only when the monarch rules, mankind exists for his own sake, and not of others: for only then are the twisted governments rightened, namely democracies, oligarchies and tyrannies, which force mankind into slavery.

(by extension) the region ruled by a tyrant


omnia

omnia n pl (genitive omnium); third declension

omnium (genitive)
omnia (nominative plural)
omnium (genitive plural)
omnibus (dative plural)
omnia (accusative plural)
omnibus (ablative plural)
omnia (plural vocative)

The noun is the neuter plural of the adjective omnis, used as a plural noun in the regular way.

Omnia vincit amor

omnia experti Galli

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.26


altare

altāre n (genitive altāris); third declension

altāre (canonical neuter)
altāris (genitive)
altāre (nominative singular)
altāria (nominative plural)
altāris (genitive singular)
altārium (genitive plural)
altārī (dative singular)
altāribus (dative plural)
altāre (accusative singular)
altāria (accusative plural)
altārī (ablative singular)
altāribus (ablative plural)
altāre (singular vocative)
altāria (plural vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

Dalmatian: altur (or from altārium)

Italian: altare

Old Occitan:

Catalan: altar

Occitan: autar

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese: altar

Galician: altar

Portuguese: altar

Old Spanish: altar

Spanish: altar
Chavacano: altar

→ Chamicuro: altar

→ Albanian: lter

desctree

→ Old French: autel, alter
French: autel
Norman: autel

→ Old Irish: altóir

Irish: altóir

Manx: altar

Scottish Gaelic: altair

→ Russian: алта́рь (altárʹ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Northern Sami: áltár

→ Basque: aldare

→ Belarusian: алтар (altar)

→ Breton: aoter

→ Chuukese: antare

→ Estonian: altar

→ Latvian: altāris

→ Lithuanian: aukuras

→ Malayalam: അൾത്താര (aḷttāra)

→ Maltese: artal

→ Swahili: altare

→ Ukrainian: вівтар (vivtar)

→ Uzbek: altar

→ Welsh: allor

Probably from adolēre, influenced by altus.


alces

la-noun

alcēs f (genitive alcis); third declension

alcēs (canonical feminine)
alcis (genitive)
alcēs (nominative singular)
alcēs (nominative plural)
alcis (genitive singular)
alcium (genitive plural)
alcī (dative singular)
alcibus (dative plural)
alcem (accusative singular)
alcēs (accusative plural)
alcīs (accusative plural)
alce (ablative singular)
alcibus (ablative plural)
alcēs (singular vocative)
alcēs (plural vocative)

Galician: alce

Italian: alce

Portuguese: alce

Spanish: alce

→ English: alce

[ˈäl̠ʲt͡ʃes]

Probably from Proto-Germanic *algiz, *elhaz (“elk”), related to Ancient Greek ἄλκη (álkē), also a loan from Germanic.


concio

cōnciō f (genitive cōnciōnis); third declension

cōnciō (canonical feminine)
cōnciōnis (genitive)
cōnciō (nominative singular)
cōnciōnēs (nominative plural)
cōnciōnis (genitive singular)
cōnciōnum (genitive plural)
cōnciōnī (dative singular)
cōnciōnibus (dative plural)
cōnciōnem (accusative singular)
cōnciōnēs (accusative plural)
cōnciōne (ablative singular)
cōnciōnibus (ablative plural)
cōnciō (singular vocative)
cōnciōnēs (plural vocative)

Spelling variant from Middle Latin pronunciation of -ti- being identical to the pronunciation of -ci-.

(Medieval Latin) Alternative spelling of cōntiō


stemma

stemma n (genitive stemmatis); third declension

stemmatis (genitive)
stemma (nominative singular)
stemmata (nominative plural)
stemmatis (genitive singular)
stemmatum (genitive plural)
stemmatī (dative singular)
stemmatibus (dative plural)
stemma (accusative singular)
stemmata (accusative plural)
stemmate (ablative singular)
stemmatibus (ablative plural)
stemma (singular vocative)
stemmata (plural vocative)

English: stemma

Italian: stemma

(post-Classical, in general) a garland or wreath

argentī fūmōsa suī stemmata nārrāre

to tell the smoky nobility of his silverware

(post-Augustan, in particular) a garland hung upon an ancestral image

(transferred sense) a pedigree, geneagram, or family tree

(figurative) nobility, honoured pedigree, august lineage

ā stemmate ūsque subūculam cultū rēgālī exūtī

a garland hung upon an ancestral image
a pedigree, geneagram, or family tree
a crown

a garland hung upon an ancestral image
a pedigree, geneagram, or family tree
wergeld

(Medieval Latin) a kinsman, a blood-relative

a garland hung upon an ancestral image
a kinsman, a blood-relative


spoliator

spoliātor m (genitive spoliātōris, feminine spoliātrīx); third declension

spoliātor (canonical masculine)
spoliātōris (genitive)
spoliātrīx (feminine)
spoliātor (nominative singular)
spoliātōrēs (nominative plural)
spoliātōris (genitive singular)
spoliātōrum (genitive plural)
spoliātōrī (dative singular)
spoliātōribus (dative plural)
spoliātōrem (accusative singular)
spoliātōrēs (accusative plural)
spoliātōre (ablative singular)
spoliātōribus (ablative plural)
spoliātor (singular vocative)
spoliātōrēs (plural vocative)

[s̠pɔlʲiˈäːt̪ɔr]


bilinguis

la-adj

bilinguis (neuter bilingue); third-declension two-termination adjective

bilingue (neuter)
bilinguis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
bilingue (neuter nominative singular)
bilinguēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
bilinguia (neuter nominative plural)
bilinguis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
bilinguium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
bilinguī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
bilinguibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
bilinguem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
bilingue (accusative neuter singular)
bilinguēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
bilinguīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
bilinguia (accusative neuter plural)
bilinguī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
bilinguibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
bilinguis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
bilingue (neuter singular vocative)
bilinguēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
bilinguia (neuter plural vocative)

Asturian: billingüe

Catalan: bilingüe

English: bilinguis

desctree

French: bilingue
→ Norwegian: bilingv
→ Romanian: bilingv

Galician: bilingüe

Hungarian: bilingvis

Italian: bilingue

Norman: bilîngue

Portuguese: bilingue

Spanish: bilingüe

⇒ English: bilingual, bi-lingual (rare)
→ Japanese: バイリンガル (bairingaru)
→ Polish: bilingwalny

⇒ Georgian: ბილინგვური (bilingvuri)

⇒ German: bilingual

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: bilingvalan / билингвалан

[bɪˈlʲɪŋɡʷɪs̠]

Parasynthetic compound formed of bis (“twice, in two ways”) + lingua (“tongue”) + -is.

af

Double-tongued, two-tongued; speaking two languages; having two tongues.

Hypocritical, deceitful, false, treacherous.

(of a story or tale) Having a double meaning; allegorical.


miles gregarius

la-noun

mīles gregārius m (genitive mīlitis gregāriī); third declension

mīles gregārius (canonical masculine)
mīlitis gregāriī (genitive)
mīles gregārius (nominative singular)
mīlitēs gregāriī (nominative plural)
mīlitis gregāriī (genitive singular)
mīlitum gregāriōrum (genitive plural)
mīlitī gregāriō (dative singular)
mīlitibus gregāriīs (dative plural)
mīlitem gregārium (accusative singular)
mīlitēs gregāriōs (accusative plural)
mīlite gregāriō (ablative singular)
mīlitibus gregāriīs (ablative plural)
mīles gregārie (singular vocative)
mīlitēs gregāriī (plural vocative)

(in ancient Rome) A common soldier; soldier of the ranks.


depressio

dēpressiō f (genitive dēpressiōnis); third declension

dēpressiō (canonical feminine)
dēpressiōnis (genitive)
dēpressiō (nominative singular)
dēpressiōnēs (nominative plural)
dēpressiōnis (genitive singular)
dēpressiōnum (genitive plural)
dēpressiōnī (dative singular)
dēpressiōnibus (dative plural)
dēpressiōnem (accusative singular)
dēpressiōnēs (accusative plural)
dēpressiōne (ablative singular)
dēpressiōnibus (ablative plural)
dēpressiō (singular vocative)
dēpressiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: depressió

→ English: depression

→ French: dépression

→ Galician: depresión

→ Italian: depressione

→ Portuguese: depressão

→ Romanian: depresiune

→ Spanish: depresión

a pressing down, a sinking down, a depression

2018, Tuomo Pekkanen, Valetudo Finnorum minus prospera https://areena.yle.fi/1-4377543, Nuntii Latini 20.4.2018

Obesity and symptoms of depression are on the rise, and high blood pressure and high cholesterol are still common.

Obesitas et symptoma depressionis crebrescunt atque alta pressio sanguinis et cholesterolum nimis altum sunt adhuc communia.


intercessor

intercessor m (genitive intercessōris, feminine intercestrīx); third declension

intercessōris (genitive)
intercestrīx (feminine)
intercessor (nominative singular)
intercessōrēs (nominative plural)
intercessōris (genitive singular)
intercessōrum (genitive plural)
intercessōrī (dative singular)
intercessōribus (dative plural)
intercessōrem (accusative singular)
intercessōrēs (accusative plural)
intercessōre (ablative singular)
intercessōribus (ablative plural)
intercessor (singular vocative)
intercessōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: intercessor

Galician: intercesor

Italian: intercessore

Occitan: intercessor

Portuguese: intercessor

Spanish: intercesor

[ɪn̪t̪ɛrˈkɛs̠ːɔr]


reuma

reuma n (genitive reumatis); third declension

reumatis (genitive)
reuma (nominative singular)
reumata (nominative plural)
reumatis (genitive singular)
reumatum (genitive plural)
reumatī (dative singular)
reumatibus (dative plural)
reuma (accusative singular)
reumata (accusative plural)
reumate (ablative singular)
reumatibus (ablative plural)
reuma (singular vocative)
reumata (plural vocative)


aponeurosis

aponeurōsis f (genitive aponeurōsis); third declension

aponeurōsis (canonical feminine)
aponeurōsis (genitive)
aponeurōsis (nominative singular)
aponeurōsēs (nominative plural)
aponeurōsis (genitive singular)
aponeurōsium (genitive plural)
aponeurōsī (dative singular)
aponeurōsibus (dative plural)
aponeurōsem (accusative singular)
aponeurōsēs (accusative plural)
aponeurōsīs (accusative plural)
aponeurōse (ablative singular)
aponeurōsibus (ablative plural)
aponeurōsis (singular vocative)
aponeurōsēs (plural vocative)

[äpɔnɛu̯ˈroːs̠ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀπονεύρωσῐς (aponeúrōsis, “end of the muscle where it becomes tendinous”), from ἀ̆πονευρόομαι (aponeuróomai, “to become tendinous”) + -σῐς (-sis, nominal suffix).

af

ἀ̆πονευρόομαι


adoptio

la-noun

adoptiō f (genitive adoptiōnis); third declension

adoptiō (canonical feminine)
adoptiōnis (genitive)
adoptiō (nominative singular)
adoptiōnēs (nominative plural)
adoptiōnis (genitive singular)
adoptiōnum (genitive plural)
adoptiōnī (dative singular)
adoptiōnibus (dative plural)
adoptiōnem (accusative singular)
adoptiōnēs (accusative plural)
adoptiōne (ablative singular)
adoptiōnibus (ablative plural)
adoptiō (singular vocative)
adoptiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: adopció

English: adoption

French: adoption

Galician: adopción

Italian: adozione

Occitan: adopcion

Portuguese: adoção

Spanish: adopción


productor

prōductor m (genitive prōductōris); third declension

prōductor (canonical masculine)
prōductōris (genitive)
prōductor (nominative singular)
prōductōrēs (nominative plural)
prōductōris (genitive singular)
prōductōrum (genitive plural)
prōductōrī (dative singular)
prōductōribus (dative plural)
prōductōrem (accusative singular)
prōductōrēs (accusative plural)
prōductōre (ablative singular)
prōductōribus (ablative plural)
prōductor (singular vocative)
prōductōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: productor

French: producteur

Italian: produttore

Portuguese: productor, produtor

Romanian: producător

Spanish: productor


ascensor

ascēnsor m (genitive ascēnsōris); third declension

ascēnsor (canonical masculine)
ascēnsōris (genitive)
ascēnsor (nominative singular)
ascēnsōrēs (nominative plural)
ascēnsōris (genitive singular)
ascēnsōrum (genitive plural)
ascēnsōrī (dative singular)
ascēnsōribus (dative plural)
ascēnsōrem (accusative singular)
ascēnsōrēs (accusative plural)
ascēnsōre (ablative singular)
ascēnsōribus (ablative plural)
ascēnsor (singular vocative)
ascēnsōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Asturian: ascensor

→ Catalan: ascensor

→ French: ascenseur

→ Galician: ascensor

→ Italian: ascensore

→ Portuguese: ascensor

→ Romanian: ascensor

→ Spanish: ascensor

[äs̠ˈkẽːs̠ɔr]

ad- (“(up) to”) + scandō (“climb”) + -tor (agentive suffix)

confix

rider, charioteer (person who mounts a horse or rides a chariot)


nema

la-noun

nēma n (genitive nēmatis); third declension

nēma (canonical neuter)
nēmatis (genitive)
nēma (nominative singular)
nēmata (nominative plural)
nēmatis (genitive singular)
nēmatum (genitive plural)
nēmatī (dative singular)
nēmatibus (dative plural)
nēma (accusative singular)
nēmata (accusative plural)
nēmate (ablative singular)
nēmatibus (ablative plural)
nēma (singular vocative)
nēmata (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νῆμα (nêma).


inversio

inversiō f (genitive inversiōnis); third declension

inversiō (canonical feminine)
inversiōnis (genitive)
inversiō (nominative singular)
inversiōnēs (nominative plural)
inversiōnis (genitive singular)
inversiōnum (genitive plural)
inversiōnī (dative singular)
inversiōnibus (dative plural)
inversiōnem (accusative singular)
inversiōnēs (accusative plural)
inversiōne (ablative singular)
inversiōnibus (ablative plural)
inversiō (singular vocative)
inversiōnēs (plural vocative)

inversus, perfect passive participle of invertō (“to invert”) + -tiō

inversiō matricis

(rhetoric) ironical inversion of meaning; allegory; transposition


convector

convector m (genitive convectōris); third declension

convectōris (genitive)
convector (nominative singular)
convectōrēs (nominative plural)
convectōris (genitive singular)
convectōrum (genitive plural)
convectōrī (dative singular)
convectōribus (dative plural)
convectōrem (accusative singular)
convectōrēs (accusative plural)
convectōre (ablative singular)
convectōribus (ablative plural)
convector (singular vocative)
convectōrēs (plural vocative)


repressor

repressor m (genitive repressōris); third declension

repressōris (genitive)
repressor (nominative singular)
repressōrēs (nominative plural)
repressōris (genitive singular)
repressōrum (genitive plural)
repressōrī (dative singular)
repressōribus (dative plural)
repressōrem (accusative singular)
repressōrēs (accusative plural)
repressōre (ablative singular)
repressōribus (ablative plural)
repressor (singular vocative)
repressōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: repressor

French: répresseur

Galician: represor

Italian: repressore

Portuguese: repressor

Spanish: represor


pugillares

pugillārēs m pl (genitive pugillārium); third declension

pugillārēs (canonical masculine plural)
pugillārium (genitive)
pugillārēs (nominative plural)
pugillārium (genitive plural)
pugillāribus (dative plural)
pugillārēs (accusative plural)
pugillārīs (accusative plural)
pugillāribus (ablative plural)
pugillārēs (plural vocative)

[pʊɡɪlˈlʲäːreːs̠]

From pugillāris (“of or belonging to the fist or hand; that can be held in the hand”), from pugillus (“a handful, fistful”) + -āris.


axioma

axiōma n (genitive axiōmatis); third declension

axiōma (canonical neuter)
axiōmatis (genitive)
axiōma (nominative singular)
axiōmata (nominative plural)
axiōmatis (genitive singular)
axiōmatum (genitive plural)
axiōmatī (dative singular)
axiōmatibus (dative plural)
axiōma (accusative singular)
axiōmata (accusative plural)
axiōmate (ablative singular)
axiōmatibus (ablative plural)
axiōma (singular vocative)
axiōmata (plural vocative)


Simo

la-proper noun

Simō m sg (genitive Simōnis); third declension

Simō (canonical masculine singular)
Simōnis (genitive)
Simō (nominative singular)
Simōnis (genitive singular)
Simōnī (dative singular)
Simōnem (accusative singular)
Simōne (ablative singular)
Simō (singular vocative)

a male given name, character in the play Mostellaria of Plautus


pollis

la-noun

pollis m or f (genitive pollinis); third declension

pollinis (genitive)
pollis (nominative singular)
pollinēs (nominative plural)
pollinis (genitive singular)
pollinum (genitive plural)
pollinī (dative singular)
pollinibus (dative plural)
pollinem (accusative singular)
pollinēs (accusative plural)
polline (ablative singular)
pollinibus (ablative plural)
pollis (singular vocative)
pollinēs (plural vocative)


torques

torquēs f (genitive torquis); third declension

torquēs (canonical feminine)
torquis (genitive)
torquēs (nominative singular)
torquēs (nominative plural)
torquis (genitive singular)
torquium (genitive plural)
torquī (dative singular)
torquibus (dative plural)
torquem (accusative singular)
torquim (accusative singular)
torquēs (accusative plural)
torquīs (accusative plural)
torque (ablative singular)
torquī (ablative singular)
torquibus (ablative plural)
torquēs (singular vocative)
torquēs (plural vocative)


ingens

la-adj

ingēns (genitive ingentis, comparative ingentior, superlative ingentissimus); third-declension one-termination adjective

ingēns (canonical)
ingentis (genitive)
ingentior (comparative)
ingentissimus (superlative)
ingēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
ingentēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
ingentia (neuter nominative plural)
ingentis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ingentium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ingentī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ingentibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ingentem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
ingēns (accusative neuter singular)
ingentēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
ingentia (accusative neuter plural)
ingentī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ingentibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ingēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
ingentēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
ingentia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: ingent

→ Italian: ingente

→ Sicilian: ncenti

→ Spanish: ingente

Traditionally from in- (“un-, not”) + gens (“kind, family, race”); something that goes beyond what is natural for its kind. Sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s, from an extended form of the oblique stem *m̥ǵh₂- ; this would make it cognate to magnus, Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas) and Sanskrit महत् (mahat)


adorator

la-noun

adōrātor m (genitive adōrātōris, feminine adōrātrīx); third declension

adōrātor (canonical masculine)
adōrātōris (genitive)
adōrātrīx (feminine)
adōrātor (nominative singular)
adōrātōrēs (nominative plural)
adōrātōris (genitive singular)
adōrātōrum (genitive plural)
adōrātōrī (dative singular)
adōrātōribus (dative plural)
adōrātōrem (accusative singular)
adōrātōrēs (accusative plural)
adōrātōre (ablative singular)
adōrātōribus (ablative plural)
adōrātor (singular vocative)
adōrātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: adorador

French: adorateur

Galician: adorador

Italian: adoratore

Occitan: adorator

Polish: adorator

Portuguese: adorador

Spanish: adorador

[äd̪oːˈräːt̪ɔr]


alveare

alveāre n (genitive alveāris); third declension

alveāre (canonical neuter)
alveāris (genitive)
alveāre (nominative singular)
alveāria (nominative plural)
alveāris (genitive singular)
alveārium (genitive plural)
alveārī (dative singular)
alveāribus (dative plural)
alveāre (accusative singular)
alveāria (accusative plural)
alveārī (ablative singular)
alveāribus (ablative plural)
alveāre (singular vocative)
alveāria (plural vocative)

Sed nonnumquam idem necandus est, cum vetus alveare numero apium destituitur, atque infrequentia eius ali⟨o⟩ quo examine replenda est.

4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica 9.11.1


-tor

-tōris (genitive)
-tor (nominative singular)
-tōrēs (nominative plural)
-tōris (genitive singular)
-tōrum (genitive plural)
-tōrī (dative singular)
-tōribus (dative plural)
-tōrem (accusative singular)
-tōrēs (accusative plural)
-tōre (ablative singular)
-tōribus (ablative plural)
-tor (singular vocative)
-tōrēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: -tor

Asturian: -dor

Catalan: -dor

English: -or

Franco-Provençal: -or

French: -teur, -eur

Friulian: -dôr

Piedmontese: -ào

Ligurian: -àu, òu

Lombard: -or, -dor

Galician: -dor

Irish: -tóir, -adóir

Italian: -tore, -ore

Occitan: -dor

Portuguese: -dor

Romanian: -tor

Sardinian: -dore

Sicilian: -turi

Spanish: -dor

Venetian: -dor

From Proto-Italic *-tōr, from Proto-Indo-European *-tōr < *-tor-s. The -ō- from the nominative singular form was extended to all other forms by analogy; then word-final -ōr was shortened to -or by regular Latin sound laws, producing the Classical Latin paradigm with short -o- in the nominative singular and long -ō- elsewhere. Cognate to Sanskrit -तृ (-tṛ) (nominative singular -ता m sg (-tā)) and Ancient Greek -τωρ (-tōr), as well as -τήρ (-tḗr) from a separate ablaut *-tḗr. Compare Latin -trum (instrumental suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-tr-o-m (instrumental suffix).

-er; used to form a masculine agent noun

-sor

in forms derived from primarily third conjugation verbs with stems ending in -t-, -d-, -rg-, -ll-, or -rr-.

-trīx

-ess, -trix; used to form a female agent noun


Vestalis

la-adj

Vestālis (neuter Vestāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

Vestālis (canonical)
Vestāle (neuter)
Vestālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Vestāle (neuter nominative singular)
Vestālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
Vestālia (neuter nominative plural)
Vestālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
Vestālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
Vestālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Vestālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
Vestālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Vestāle (accusative neuter singular)
Vestālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
Vestālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
Vestālia (accusative neuter plural)
Vestālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Vestālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
Vestālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Vestāle (neuter singular vocative)
Vestālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
Vestālia (neuter plural vocative)

[u̯ɛs̠ˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]

Of or pertaining to Vesta, goddess of hearth and home.


Vestalis

la-noun

Vestālis f sg (genitive Vestālis); third declension

Vestālis (canonical feminine singular)
Vestālis (genitive)
Vestālis (nominative singular)
Vestālis (genitive singular)
Vestālī (dative singular)
Vestālem (accusative singular)
Vestāle (ablative singular)
Vestālis (singular vocative)

[u̯ɛs̠ˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]


dispersio

dispersiō f (genitive dispersiōnis); third declension

dispersiō (canonical feminine)
dispersiōnis (genitive)
dispersiō (nominative singular)
dispersiōnēs (nominative plural)
dispersiōnis (genitive singular)
dispersiōnum (genitive plural)
dispersiōnī (dative singular)
dispersiōnibus (dative plural)
dispersiōnem (accusative singular)
dispersiōnēs (accusative plural)
dispersiōne (ablative singular)
dispersiōnibus (ablative plural)
dispersiō (singular vocative)
dispersiōnēs (plural vocative)

Italian: dispersione

Russian: дисперсия (dispersija)

Spanish: dispersión


caritas

cāritās f (genitive cāritātis); third declension

cāritās (canonical feminine)
cāritātis (genitive)
cāritās (nominative singular)
cāritātēs (nominative plural)
cāritātis (genitive singular)
cāritātum (genitive plural)
cāritātī (dative singular)
cāritātibus (dative plural)
cāritātem (accusative singular)
cāritātēs (accusative plural)
cāritāte (ablative singular)
cāritātibus (ablative plural)
cāritās (singular vocative)
cāritātēs (plural vocative)

Italian: carità

→ Old French: charité

French: charité

→ Middle English: charite

English: charity

Old French: cherté

French: cherté

→ Middle English: chierte

Old Occitan: caritat

Catalan: caritat

Occitan: caritat

Piedmontese: carità

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: caridade

Portuguese: caridade

Romanian: caritate

Spanish: caridad

[ˈkäːrɪt̪äːs̠]

charity, the attitude of kindness and understanding towards others


impotens

la-adj

impotēns (genitive impotentis, superlative impotentissimus, adverb impotenter); third-declension one-termination adjective

impotēns (canonical)
impotentis (genitive)
impotentissimus (superlative)
impotenter (adverb)
impotēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
impotentēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
impotentia (neuter nominative plural)
impotentis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
impotentium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
impotentī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
impotentibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
impotentem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
impotēns (accusative neuter singular)
impotentēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
impotentia (accusative neuter plural)
impotentī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
impotentibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
impotēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
impotentēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
impotentia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: impotent

English: impotent

French: impotent

Galician: impotente

Italian: impotente

Portuguese: impotente

Romanian: impotent

Spanish: impotente

[ˈɪmpɔt̪ẽːs̠]

From in- (“un-”) + potēns (“strong, powerful”).

af

Powerless, weak, feeble, impotent, helpless, puny.

Unable to control, having no power over; incapable of.

Unbridled, unrestrained, headstrong, wild, violent, excessive.


sedile

la-noun

sedīle n (genitive sedīlis); third declension

sedīle (canonical neuter)
sedīlis (genitive)
sedīle (nominative singular)
sedīlia (nominative plural)
sedīlis (genitive singular)
sedīlium (genitive plural)
sedīlī (dative singular)
sedīlibus (dative plural)
sedīle (accusative singular)
sedīlia (accusative plural)
sedīlī (ablative singular)
sedīlibus (ablative plural)
sedīle (singular vocative)
sedīlia (plural vocative)

Galician: silla (from the plural sedīlia)

[s̠ɛˈd̪iːɫ̪ɛ]

seat, bench, stool, chair (fixed in position unlike a sella)


reno

rēnō m (genitive rēnōnis); third declension

rēnō (canonical masculine)
rēnōnis (genitive)
rēnō (nominative singular)
rēnōnēs (nominative plural)
rēnōnis (genitive singular)
rēnōnum (genitive plural)
rēnōnī (dative singular)
rēnōnibus (dative plural)
rēnōnem (accusative singular)
rēnōnēs (accusative plural)
rēnōne (ablative singular)
rēnōnibus (ablative plural)
rēnō (singular vocative)
rēnōnēs (plural vocative)

Of Celtic origin. It was a short fur that was used to cover chest and shoulders by Germanic and Celts.

A garment, made from this skin, worn by Celts or ancient Germans


bilis

bīlis f (genitive bīlis); third declension

bīlis (canonical feminine)
bīlis (genitive)
bīlis (nominative singular)
bīlēs (nominative plural)
bīlis (genitive singular)
bīlium (genitive plural)
bīlī (dative singular)
bīlibus (dative plural)
bīlem (accusative singular)
bīlēs (accusative plural)
bīlīs (accusative plural)
bīlī (ablative singular)
bīlibus (ablative plural)
bīlis (singular vocative)
bīlēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: bilis

English: bile, bili-

French: bile

Romanian: bilă

Galician: bile

Irish: bili-

Italian: bile

Portuguese: bílis, bile

Spanish: bilis

From Proto-Italic *bistli-. de Vaan notes that the word is only found in Latin and Brythonic (Welsh bustl) and does not rule out a substrate borrowing for both; however, it could instead be a derivative of a preform *bid-tli-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split off, bite”), referring to the substance's bitterness.


pavor

la-noun

pavor m (genitive pavōris); third declension

pavōris (genitive)
pavor (nominative singular)
pavōrēs (nominative plural)
pavōris (genitive singular)
pavōrum (genitive plural)
pavōrī (dative singular)
pavōribus (dative plural)
pavōrem (accusative singular)
pavōrēs (accusative plural)
pavōre (ablative singular)
pavōribus (ablative plural)
pavor (singular vocative)
pavōrēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: pavor

Italo-Romance:

Italian: paura

Neapolitan: paura, pagura, pavura

Sicilian: paura, pagura (Calabrian)

North Italian:

Emilian: paùra, por, pagura

Friulian: pôre

Istriot: pagura

Ligurian: poîa, paur, póia, puéia

Old Lombard: paor, pagora

Lombard: pora, pagura, (Alpine:) peuira

desc

Piedmontese: paur, pòur, por, pòj, paùra

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: por

Franco-Provençal: pouere, pouer, pour, poure, (Valdôtain:) peuire, peuir, póira, péiri, pouir

Old French: peor

Bourguignon: pô

French: peur

Walloon: peu

Old Occitan: paor

Occitan: paur, pòr

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: por (Ribagorçan)

Old Galician-Portuguese: pavor

Galician: pavor

Portuguese: pavor

Spanish: pavor, pavura

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pore

Vulgar Latin: *pavōrōsum (see there for further descendants)

From paveō (“tremble or quake with fear”) + -or.

af

The act of trembling, quaking, throbbing or panting with fear.

Fear through expectation, dread, thrill, anxiety, trepidation.


aerugo

la-noun

aerūgō f (genitive aerūginis); third declension

aerūgō (canonical feminine)
aerūginis (genitive)
aerūgō (nominative singular)
aerūginēs (nominative plural)
aerūginis (genitive singular)
aerūginum (genitive plural)
aerūginī (dative singular)
aerūginibus (dative plural)
aerūginem (accusative singular)
aerūginēs (accusative plural)
aerūgine (ablative singular)
aerūginibus (ablative plural)
aerūgō (singular vocative)
aerūginēs (plural vocative)

Via aerūgō:

Italo-Romance:

Neapolitan: ruzza

Sicilian: ruggia, ruzza

North-Italian:

Ligurian: ruzze

Piedmontese: ruzo

Via aerūginis:

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: arudzinã

Romanian: rugină

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ruggine

Neapolitan: ruzzena

Sicilian: rùnija

North-Italian:

Emilian: ruzna, rozna

Friulian: ruzin

Ligurian: ruzzina

Lombard: ruzen, ruzna

Piedmontese: ruzna

Romagnol: ròzna

Venetian: rùxen, rùxene, rùzen

desc

Sardinian: arroina, arrúnia, orroina, rubinzu, arroinu, ruinu, arruinu

Via aurīgō:

North-Italian:

Piedmontese: rizo

Via aurīginis:

North-Italian:

Ligurian: rizzane

Romagnol: rezna

Ibero-Romance:

Spanish: orín

Borrowings:

→ English: aerugo, aerugite

→ Portuguese: aerugita

→ Spanish: erúgine

[äe̯ˈruːɡoː]

aes (“copper”, “bronze”, “brass”, oblique stem: aer-) + -ūgō

suffix

oblique stem: <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">aer-</i>

canker of the mind, ill will, envy, avarice


sororitas

la-noun

sorōritās f (genitive sorōritātis); third declension

sorōritās (canonical feminine)
sorōritātis (genitive)
sorōritās (nominative singular)
sorōritātēs (nominative plural)
sorōritātis (genitive singular)
sorōritātum (genitive plural)
sorōritātī (dative singular)
sorōritātibus (dative plural)
sorōritātem (accusative singular)
sorōritātēs (accusative plural)
sorōritāte (ablative singular)
sorōritātibus (ablative plural)
sorōritās (singular vocative)
sorōritātēs (plural vocative)

→ English: sorority

→ French: sororité

→ Galician: sororidade

→ Portuguese: sororidade

→ Romanian: suroritate

→ Spanish: sororidad

[s̠ɔˈroːrɪt̪äːs̠]


irreparabilis

la-adj

irreparābilis (neuter irreparābile); third-declension two-termination adjective

irreparābilis (canonical)
irreparābile (neuter)
irreparābilis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
irreparābile (neuter nominative singular)
irreparābilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
irreparābilia (neuter nominative plural)
irreparābilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
irreparābilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
irreparābilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
irreparābilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
irreparābilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
irreparābile (accusative neuter singular)
irreparābilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
irreparābilīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
irreparābilia (accusative neuter plural)
irreparābilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
irreparābilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
irreparābilis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
irreparābile (neuter singular vocative)
irreparābilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
irreparābilia (neuter plural vocative)

[ɪrːɛpäˈräːbɪlʲɪs̠]

From Classical Latin inreparabilis (in-, "not" + reparābilis, "retrievable, reparable, repairable"), via assimilation.

sed fvgit interea fvgit inreparabile tempvs

c. 29 bc, Publius Vergilius Maro, Georgicon, III.284

But it flees, meanwhile, it flees... irretrievable time.

irreparable, irrecoverable (concerning loss or damage), irretrievable


fraternitas

la-noun

frāternitās f (genitive frāternitātis); third declension

frāternitās (canonical feminine)
frāternitātis (genitive)
frāternitās (nominative singular)
frāternitātēs (nominative plural)
frāternitātis (genitive singular)
frāternitātum (genitive plural)
frāternitātī (dative singular)
frāternitātibus (dative plural)
frāternitātem (accusative singular)
frāternitātēs (accusative plural)
frāternitāte (ablative singular)
frāternitātibus (ablative plural)
frāternitās (singular vocative)
frāternitātēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: fraternitat

English: fraternity

French: fraternité

Galician: fraternidade

Italian: fraternità

Portuguese: fraternidade

Romanian: fraternitate

Spanish: fraternidad

[fräːˈt̪ɛrnɪt̪äːs̠]


nobilis

la-adj

nōbilis (neuter nōbile, comparative nōbilior, superlative nōbilissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective

nōbilis (canonical)
nōbile (neuter)
nōbilior (comparative)
nōbilissimus (superlative)
nōbilis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
nōbile (neuter nominative singular)
nōbilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
nōbilia (neuter nominative plural)
nōbilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
nōbilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
nōbilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
nōbilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nōbilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
nōbile (accusative neuter singular)
nōbilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
nōbilīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
nōbilia (accusative neuter plural)
nōbilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
nōbilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nōbilis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
nōbile (neuter singular vocative)
nōbilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
nōbilia (neuter plural vocative)

All borrowed

Catalan: noble

English: noble

French: noble

German: nobel

Italian: nobile

Portuguese: nobre

Romanian: nobil

Spanish: noble

Swedish: nobel

Dutch: nobel

From nōscō (“know, recognize”) + -bilis.

distinct, able to be known, famous, celebrated


acus

la-noun

acus n (genitive aceris); third declension

aceris (genitive)
acus (nominative singular)
acera (nominative plural)
aceris (genitive singular)
acerum (genitive plural)
acerī (dative singular)
aceribus (dative plural)
acus (accusative singular)
acera (accusative plural)
acere (ablative singular)
aceribus (ablative plural)
acus (singular vocative)
acera (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *akos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos (“tip, bristle; ear/blade of grain, awn, chaff”), from the root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Cognates include agna (“ear”) and Proto-Germanic *ahaz (“ear”), Proto-Germanic *aganō, *ahanō (“chaff”) (> English awn), Ancient Greek ἄχυρον (ákhuron) (> Greek άχυρο (áchyro, “hay”)), and Tocharian B āke (“tip, peak, end”).

inh

sī fēnum non erit, frondem īligneam et hederāceam datō. paleās trīticeās et hordeāceās, acus fabāginum, viciam, vel dē lupīnō, item dē cēterīs frūgibus omnia condito.

234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De agri cultura 54.2

īs trītīs oportet ē terrā subjectārī vallīs aut ventilābrīs, cum ventus spīrat lēnis. ita fit ut quod levissimum est in eō atque appellātur acus ēvannātur forās extrā āream ac frūmentum, quod est ponderōsum, pūrum veniat ad corbem.

116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.52

parietēs et solum opere tēctōriō marmorātō lōrīcandī; sī minus, ex argillā mixtā acere ē frūmentō et amurcā, quod mūrem et vermem nōn patitur esse et grāna facit solidiōra ac firmiōra.

116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.57

in cubīlibus, cum parturient, acus substernendum.

116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 3.9.8