ratio

ratiō f (genitive ratiōnis); third declension

ratiō (canonical feminine)
ratiōnis (genitive)
ratiō (nominative singular)
ratiōnēs (nominative plural)
ratiōnis (genitive singular)
ratiōnum (genitive plural)
ratiōnī (dative singular)
ratiōnibus (dative plural)
ratiōnem (accusative singular)
ratiōnēs (accusative plural)
ratiōne (ablative singular)
ratiōnibus (ablative plural)
ratiō (singular vocative)
ratiōnēs (plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

rasaun, ratiáun

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ragione

Neapolitan: ragiune

Sicilian: ragiuni, raggiuni, raciuni

Padanian:

Friulian: reson

Ladin: reson

Piedmontese: rason

Romansch: raschun, raschung, radschun

Venetian: raxon, rajon

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Old French: raison

French: raison

Walloon: råjhon

→ English: reason

→ Irish: réasún

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: razón

Catalan: raó

Occitan: rason

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: razón

Galician: razón

Portuguese: razão

Spanish: razón

Insular Romance: (newer forms influenced by Italian)

Old Sardinian: rathone, rethone

Middle Sardinian: rasione, rexione, arresoni

Modern Sardinian: regione, rejone, raxoni

Ancient borrowings:

→ Proto-Albanian: *rrësye

Albanian: arsye, arrësye

From the nominative ratiō:

Catalan: ràtio

Dutch: ratio
→ Indonesian: rasio

English: ratio

Esperanto: racio

French: ratio

Italian: ratio

Polish: racja

Portuguese: rácio

Romanian: rație

Spanish: ratio

From the accusative ratiōnem:

Catalan: ració

English: ration

French: ration

Galician: ración

Italian: razione

Portuguese: ração

Romanian: rațiune

Spanish: ración

Turkish: racon

qua ratione

at tū, seu ratiō tē nostrīs appulit ōrīs sīve deus, rēgnī commodā carpe meī.

But you, whether purpose or some god has driven you to our shores, enjoy the benefits of my kingdom. (trans. Anne and Peter Wiseman, 2011)

reason, reasoning, explanation, ground, motive, rationality, rationale, purpose

inire rationem

calculation, account, accounting, reckoning, computation, business

qua ratione

inire rationem

vix ratio iniri posset

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.24

procedure, course, manner, method, mode, conduct, plan

doctrine, system, philosophy (collective body of the teachings of a school of thought)

regard, respect, interest, consideration


inventor

la-noun

inventor m (genitive inventōris, feminine inventrīx); third declension

inventōris (genitive)
inventrīx (feminine)
inventor (nominative singular)
inventōrēs (nominative plural)
inventōris (genitive singular)
inventōrum (genitive plural)
inventōrī (dative singular)
inventōribus (dative plural)
inventōrem (accusative singular)
inventōrēs (accusative plural)
inventōre (ablative singular)
inventōribus (ablative plural)
inventor (singular vocative)
inventōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: inventor

English: inventor

French: inventeur

→ Romanian: inventor

Galician: inventor

Italian: inventore

Portuguese: inventor

Sicilian: mminturi

Spanish: inventor

[ɪnˈu̯ɛn̪t̪ɔr]


martes

martēs f (genitive martis); third declension

martēs (canonical feminine)
martis (genitive)
martēs (nominative singular)
martēs (nominative plural)
martis (genitive singular)
martium (genitive plural)
martī (dative singular)
martibus (dative plural)
martem (accusative singular)
martēs (accusative plural)
martīs (accusative plural)
marte (ablative singular)
martibus (ablative plural)
martēs (singular vocative)
martēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Martes

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *marþuz (“marten”). More at marten.


Iuno

la-proper noun

Iūnō f sg (genitive Iūnōnis); third declension

Iūnō (canonical feminine singular)
Iūnōnis (genitive)
Iūnō (nominative singular)
Iūnōnis (genitive singular)
Iūnōnī (dative singular)
Iūnōnem (accusative singular)
Iūnōne (ablative singular)
Iūnō (singular vocative)

There are two hypotheses:
* From Proto-Indo-European *dyúh₃onh₂-, *dyúh₃nh₂- (“having heavenly authority”), from *dyew- (“sky, heaven”) + *-Hō (“burden, authority”), rendering Iuvō, *Iūnis, normalized to Iūnō, Iūnōnis. See Ancient Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē, “Dione”);
* From Proto-Indo-European *h₂yúh₃onh₂-, *h₂yúh₃nh₂- (“the young goddess”), from *h₂eyu- (“long time, lifetime”) + *-Hō (“burden, authority”) also rendering *Iuvō, *Iūnis, normalized to Iūnō, Iūnōnis. See Latin iuvenis (“young”).

cur sit virginibus, quæris, dea culta ministris? / inveniam causas hac quoque parte suas. / ex Ope Iunonem memorant Cereremque creatas / semine Saturni; tertia Vesta fuit. / utraque nupserunt, ambæ peperisse feruntur; / de tribus impatiens restitit una viri.

Why, you ask, is the goddess tended by virgin ministers? I’ll discover the true causes for this as well. They say that Juno and Ceres were born of Ops by Saturn’s seed; Vesta was the third daughter. The other two married, both reported to have borne children; of the three, one remained who could not bear a husband.

(Roman mythology, religion) Juno, queen of the gods, patron of rulers and childbirth, equivalent to the Greek Hera.


Perseus

Perseus m sg (variously declined, genitive Perseos or Perseī); third declension, second declension

Perseos (genitive)
Perseī (genitive)
Perse͡us (nominative singular)
Perseos (genitive singular)
Perseī (genitive singular)
Perseō (dative singular)
Persea (accusative singular)
Perseum (accusative singular)
Perseō (ablative singular)
Perse͡u (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Perseus (son of Jupiter and Danae, killed Medusa and rescued Andromeda)


mediocris

la-adj

mediocris (neuter mediocre, comparative mediocrior, superlative medioximus, adverb mediocriter); third-declension two-termination adjective

mediocre (neuter)
mediocrior (comparative)
medioximus (superlative)
mediocriter (adverb)
mediocris (feminine masculine nominative singular)
mediocre (neuter nominative singular)
mediocrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
mediocria (neuter nominative plural)
mediocris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
mediocrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
mediocrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
mediocribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mediocrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
mediocre (accusative neuter singular)
mediocrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
mediocrīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
mediocria (accusative neuter plural)
mediocrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
mediocribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mediocris (feminine masculine singular vocative)
mediocre (neuter singular vocative)
mediocrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
mediocria (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: mediocre

→ French: médiocre

→ English: mediocre

→ Italian: mediocre

→ Portuguese: medíocre

→ Romanian: mediocru

→ Spanish: mediocre

From medius and maybe ocris (“rugged mountain”), as if "halfway up".


inspector

la-noun

īnspector m (genitive īnspectōris); third declension

īnspector (canonical masculine)
īnspectōris (genitive)
īnspector (nominative singular)
īnspectōrēs (nominative plural)
īnspectōris (genitive singular)
īnspectōrum (genitive plural)
īnspectōrī (dative singular)
īnspectōribus (dative plural)
īnspectōrem (accusative singular)
īnspectōrēs (accusative plural)
īnspectōre (ablative singular)
īnspectōribus (ablative plural)
īnspector (singular vocative)
īnspectōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: inspector

French: inspecteur

Galician: inspector

Italian: ispettore

Occitan: inspector

Portuguese: inspetor

Spanish: inspector

(post-Augustan) viewer, observer, onlooker

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) inspector, examiner (especially one who inspects a household, monastery, etc)


Gabriel

la-proper noun

Gabriēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Gabriēl or Gabriēlis); indeclinable, third declension

Gabriēl (canonical masculine singular)
Gabriēl (genitive)
Gabriēlis (genitive)
Gabriēl (nominative singular)
Gabriēl (genitive singular)
Gabriēlis (genitive singular)
Gabriēl (dative singular)
Gabriēlī (dative singular)
Gabriēl (accusative singular)
Gabriēlem (accusative singular)
Gabriēl (ablative singular)
Gabriēle (ablative singular)
Gabriēl (singular vocative)

→ Albanian: Gabriel

→ Catalan: Gabriel, Biel

→ Czech: Gabriel

→ Danish: Gabriel

→ Dutch: Gabriël

Afrikaans: Gabriël

→ English: Gabriel

→ Hawaiian: Kapeliela

→ Maori: Kaperiere

→ Faroese: Gabriel, Gabrial, Brialdur

desc

→ Finnish: Gabriel, Kaaperi, Kaapre, Kaaprel, Kaaprelli, Kaapo

desctree

→ French: Gabriel
→ Alemannic German: Gaabi

→ Galician: Gabriel

→ Georgian: გაბრიელი (gabrieli)

→ German: Gabriel

desc

→ Greenlandic: Kaapriale, Kapriali, Kaparialli

→ Gujarati: ગેબ્રિયલ (gebriyal)

→ Hindi: गेब्रियल (gebriyal)

→ Hungarian: Gabór, Gábriel

→ Icelandic: Gabríel

→ Irish: Gaibrial, Gaibriéil, Gaibriél

→ Italian: Gabriele

→ Japanese: ガブリエル (Gaburieru)

→ Kannada: ಗೇಬ್ರಿಯಲ್ (gēbriyal)

→ Korean: 가브리엘 (Gabeuriel)

→ Latvian: Gabriels

→ Lithuanian: Gabrielius

→ Maltese: Gabrijel

→ Norman: Gabriel

→ Norwegian: Gabriel

→ Persian: گابریل (gâbriel)

→ Polish: Gabriel

→ Portuguese: Gabriel, Biel

→ Romanian: Gabriel

→ Serbo-Croatian: Gabrijel

→ Slovak: Gabriel

→ Slovene: Gabrijel

→ Spanish: Gabriel

→ Kapampangan: Gabriel

→ Tagalog: Gabriel

→ Swedish: Gabriel, Gabrel

→ Welsh: Gabriel

[ˈɡäbrieːɫ̪]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γαβρῑήλ (Gabrīḗl), from Biblical Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל (Gaḇrīʾḗl, “God is my strong man”), from גֶּבֶר (géver, “strong man, hero”) and אֵל (ʾēl, “God”).


larynx

la-noun

larynx f (genitive laryngis); third declension

laryngis (genitive)
larynx (nominative singular)
laryngēs (nominative plural)
laryngis (genitive singular)
laryngum (genitive plural)
laryngī (dative singular)
laryngibus (dative plural)
laryngem (accusative singular)
laryngēs (accusative plural)
larynge (ablative singular)
laryngibus (ablative plural)
larynx (singular vocative)
laryngēs (plural vocative)

→ English: larynx

→ French: larynx

[ˈɫ̪ärʏŋks̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λᾰ́ρῠγξ (lárunx, “larynx, upper part of the windpipe”).


omnis

la-adj

omnis (neuter omne); third-declension two-termination adjective

omne (neuter)
omnis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
omne (neuter nominative singular)
omnēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
omnia (neuter nominative plural)
omnis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
omnium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
omnī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
omnibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
omnem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
omne (accusative neuter singular)
omnēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
omnīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
omnia (accusative neuter plural)
omnī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
omnibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
omnis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
omne (neuter singular vocative)
omnēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
omnia (neuter plural vocative)

Interlingua: omne

Italian: ogne, ogni

Neapolitan: ogne

Ligurian: ògni

Sicilian: ogni, ognin (as in the phrase ognin cosa, dialects vary)

Old French: oni, onni, omni

French: à l’onni (chiefly dialectal)

→ English: omnibus

From Proto-Italic *opnis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep-ni-s (“working”), from the verbal root *h₃ep- (“to work”, and hence “to possess”). Related to ops and opus. It could also reflect the base Proto-Indo-European *h₁op- (“to work, to take”) (compare optō), to which De Vaan gives a slight preference for semantic reasons.

der

Superanda omnis fortūna ferendō est.

Every misfortune is to be overcome by enduring.

Gallia est omnis dīvīsa in partes trēs

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.1

(in the singular) whole, the entirety, all

Omnia vincit amor.

Attributed to Ennius by Augustinus in De Trinitate; Book XIII, Chapter III
Omnēs mortālēs sēsē laudārier optant.


habilis

la-adj

habilis (neuter habile, comparative habilior); third-declension two-termination adjective

habile (neuter)
habilior (comparative)
habilis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
habile (neuter nominative singular)
habilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
habilia (neuter nominative plural)
habilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
habilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
habilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
habilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
habilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
habile (accusative neuter singular)
habilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
habilīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
habilia (accusative neuter plural)
habilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
habilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
habilis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
habile (neuter singular vocative)
habilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
habilia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: hàbil

Italian: abile

desctree

Old French: able
French: habile
→ Romanian: abil
→ Middle Dutch: abel
Dutch: abel
→ Middle English: able, habil
English: able, habile
→ Welsh: abl

Portuguese: hábil

Spanish: hábil

Translingual: Homo habilis

[ˈhäbɪlʲɪs̠]

From habeō (“have, possess”) + -bilis, with haplology simplifying -bibi- to -bi-.

having sufficient ability or power to do or to conduct; skillful


regalis

la-adj

rēgālis (neuter rēgāle, adverb rēgāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

rēgālis (canonical)
rēgāle (neuter)
rēgāliter (adverb)
rēgālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
rēgāle (neuter nominative singular)
rēgālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
rēgālia (neuter nominative plural)
rēgālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
rēgālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
rēgālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
rēgālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
rēgālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
rēgāle (accusative neuter singular)
rēgālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
rēgālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
rēgālia (accusative neuter plural)
rēgālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
rēgālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
rēgālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
rēgāle (neuter singular vocative)
rēgālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
rēgālia (neuter plural vocative)

Inherited:

Catalan: reial

Occitan: reial, reiau

Old French: roial (see there for further descendants)

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: real

Portuguese: real

Spanish: real (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed:

→ English: regalia

desctree

→ Old French: regal
Middle French: regal
→ Middle English: regal
English: regal

→ Italian: regale

→ Friulian: regâl

→ Romanian: regal

[reːˈɡäːlʲɪs̠]

Derived from the oblique stem reg- of rēx (“king”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjective-forming derivational suffix).


aroma

la-noun

arōma n (genitive arōmatis); third declension

arōma (canonical neuter)
arōmatis (genitive)
arōma (nominative singular)
arōmata (nominative plural)
arōmatis (genitive singular)
arōmatum (genitive plural)
arōmatī (dative singular)
arōmatibus (dative plural)
arōma (accusative singular)
arōmata (accusative plural)
arōmate (ablative singular)
arōmatibus (ablative plural)
arōma (singular vocative)
arōmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: aroma

→ Danish: aroma

→ Dutch: aroma

→ English: aroma

→ Esperanto: aromo

→ Finnish: aromi

French: arôme

Galician: aroma

→ German: Aroma

→ Hebrew: אָרוֹמָה (aróma)

Italian: aroma

→ Japanese: アロマ (aroma)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: aroma

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: aroma

Portuguese: aroma

Romanian: aromă

Spanish: aroma

→ Swedish: arom

From Ancient Greek ἄρωμα (árōma, “seasoning, spicy and/or fragrant smell”).


albedo

la-noun

albēdō f (genitive albēdinis); third declension

albēdō (canonical feminine)
albēdinis (genitive)
albēdō (nominative singular)
albēdinēs (nominative plural)
albēdinis (genitive singular)
albēdinum (genitive plural)
albēdinī (dative singular)
albēdinibus (dative plural)
albēdinem (accusative singular)
albēdinēs (accusative plural)
albēdine (ablative singular)
albēdinibus (ablative plural)
albēdō (singular vocative)
albēdinēs (plural vocative)

Italian: albedine

Spanish: albédine

→ Catalan: albedo

→ English: albedo

→ Japanese: アルベド (arubedo)

Esperanto: albedo

→ French: albédo

→ Romanian: albedo

→ German: Albedo

→ Italian: albedo

→ Polish: albedo

→ Portuguese: albedo

→ Russian: альбе́до (alʹbédo)

→ Spanish: albedo

[äɫ̪ˈbeːd̪oː]

From alb(us) (“white”) + -ēdō (abstract noun suffix).


posterior

posterius (neuter)
posterior (feminine masculine nominative singular)
posterius (neuter nominative singular)
posteriōrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
posteriōra (neuter nominative plural)
posteriōris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
posteriōrum (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
posteriōrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
posteriōribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
posteriōrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
posterius (accusative neuter singular)
posteriōrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
posteriōra (accusative neuter plural)
posteriōre (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
posteriōribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
posterior (feminine masculine singular vocative)
posterius (neuter singular vocative)
posteriōrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
posteriōra (neuter plural vocative)

Comparative degree of posterus, from post.

coming after, later; next, following (of time)

the later of the two, (of persons) the younger

further to the back, hinder, posterior (of space)

later in position or order of mention, latter

comparative degree of posterus
less important, secondary, inferior


posterior

la-noun

posterior m (genitive posteriōris); third declension

posteriōris (genitive)
posterior (nominative singular)
posteriōrēs (nominative plural)
posteriōris (genitive singular)
posteriōrum (genitive plural)
posteriōrī (dative singular)
posteriōribus (dative plural)
posteriōrem (accusative singular)
posteriōrēs (accusative plural)
posteriōre (ablative singular)
posteriōribus (ablative plural)
posterior (singular vocative)
posteriōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: posterior

→ English: posterior

→ French: postérieur

→ Galician: posterior

→ Italian: posteriore

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: posterior, posteriori

→ Portuguese: posterior

→ Romanian: posterior

→ Spanish: posterior

(chiefly in the plural) later generations


terminator

la-noun

terminātor m (genitive terminātōris); third declension

terminātor (canonical masculine)
terminātōris (genitive)
terminātor (nominative singular)
terminātōrēs (nominative plural)
terminātōris (genitive singular)
terminātōrum (genitive plural)
terminātōrī (dative singular)
terminātōribus (dative plural)
terminātōrem (accusative singular)
terminātōrēs (accusative plural)
terminātōre (ablative singular)
terminātōribus (ablative plural)
terminātor (singular vocative)
terminātōrēs (plural vocative)

Late Latin, from terminō (“define, limit, end”) + -tor, from terminus (“end, limit”).

[t̪ɛrmɪˈnäːt̪ɔr]


rector

rēctor m (genitive rēctōris); third declension

rēctor (canonical masculine)
rēctōris (genitive)
rēctor (nominative singular)
rēctōrēs (nominative plural)
rēctōris (genitive singular)
rēctōrum (genitive plural)
rēctōrī (dative singular)
rēctōribus (dative plural)
rēctōrem (accusative singular)
rēctōrēs (accusative plural)
rēctōre (ablative singular)
rēctōribus (ablative plural)
rēctor (singular vocative)
rēctōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Bulgarian: ректор (rektor)

→ Byzantine Greek: ῥαίκτωρ (rhaíktōr)

→ Dutch: rector

→ Indonesian: rektor

→ English: rector

→ French: recteur

→ German: Rektor

Italian: rettore

→ Norman: recteu (Jersey)

→ Old Irish: rechtaire

Irish: reachtaire

Portuguese: reitor

→ Polish: rektor

→ Russian: ре́ктор (réktor)

→ Armenian: ռեկտոր (ṙektor)

→ Romanian: rector

→ Spanish: rector

→ Swedish: rektor

From regō (“to steer, to guide; to rule”) + -tor.

af

driver (of a horse, an elephant, a wagon, etc.)


Amaryllis

la-noun

Amaryllis f (genitive Amaryllidis); third declension

Amaryllidis (genitive)
Amaryllis (nominative singular)
Amaryllidis (genitive singular)
Amaryllidī (dative singular)
Amaryllidem (accusative singular)
Amaryllide (ablative singular)
Amaryllis (singular vocative)

→ English: amaryllis

Translingual: Amaryllis

Romance:

Catalan: amarillis

French: amaryllis

Italian: amarillide

Portuguese: amarílis

Romanian: amarilis

Spanish: amarilis

→ Finnish: amaryllis

→ German: Amaryllis

→ Polish: amarylis

desc

→ Russian: амари́ллис (amaríllis), амари́л (amaríl)

→ Swedish: amaryllis

[ämäˈrʏlːʲɪs̠]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀμαρυλλίς (Amarullís).

lbor

nonne fuit satius tristis Amaryllidis iras / atque superba pati fastidia?

70 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Eclogues 2.14–15

Surely it was better to endure Amaryllis' mournful anger and proud disdain?

a female given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Amaryllis


clematis

la-noun

clēmatis f (genitive clēmatidis); third declension

clēmatis (canonical feminine)
clēmatidis (genitive)
clēmatis (nominative singular)
clēmatidēs (nominative plural)
clēmatidis (genitive singular)
clēmatidum (genitive plural)
clēmatidī (dative singular)
clēmatidibus (dative plural)
clēmatidem (accusative singular)
clēmatidēs (accusative plural)
clēmatide (ablative singular)
clēmatidibus (ablative plural)
clēmatis (singular vocative)
clēmatidēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Clematis


Saturnalia

la-proper noun

Sāturnālia n pl (genitive Sāturnālium or Sāturnāliōrum); third declension

Sāturnālia (canonical neuter plural)
Sāturnālium (genitive)
Sāturnāliōrum (genitive)
Sāturnālia (nominative plural)
Sāturnālium (genitive plural)
Sāturnāliōrum (genitive plural)
Sāturnālibus (dative plural)
Sāturnālia (accusative plural)
Sāturnālibus (ablative plural)
Sāturnālia (plural vocative)

→ English: saturnalia, Saturnalia

[s̠äːt̪ʊrˈnäːlʲiä]

A festival of the winter solstice originally celebrated for three days beginning December 17th, but later extended to seven days.


horror

la-noun

horror m (genitive horrōris); third declension

horrōris (genitive)
horror (nominative singular)
horrōrēs (nominative plural)
horrōris (genitive singular)
horrōrum (genitive plural)
horrōrī (dative singular)
horrōribus (dative plural)
horrōrem (accusative singular)
horrōrēs (accusative plural)
horrōre (ablative singular)
horrōribus (ablative plural)
horror (singular vocative)
horrōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: horror

English: horror

French: horreur

Galician: horror

Italian: orrore

German: Horror

Piedmontese: oror

Portuguese: horror

Romanian: oroare

Spanish: horror

From Proto-Italic *horzōs, remodeled into a rhotic-stem. Equivalent to horreo + -or.


digitalis

la-adj

digitālis (neuter digitāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

digitālis (canonical)
digitāle (neuter)
digitālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
digitāle (neuter nominative singular)
digitālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
digitālia (neuter nominative plural)
digitālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
digitālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
digitālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
digitālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
digitālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
digitāle (accusative neuter singular)
digitālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
digitālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
digitālia (accusative neuter plural)
digitālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
digitālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
digitālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
digitāle (neuter singular vocative)
digitālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
digitālia (neuter plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

desc

Aromanian: dzidzitar, dzãdzãtar, dzedzãtar, dzedzutar

Romanian: degetar

Dalmatian:

ziziul

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ditale

Sicilian: jitali, jiditali, jiritali

North Italian:

Friulian: dedâl

Piedmontese: dil, di, dial (“finger”)

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: deel

French: dé

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: didal

Occitan: dedal

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: didal

Cheso: dital

Galician: dedal

Portuguese: dedal

Spanish: dedal

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: deidale, didale

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: digital

→ English: digital, digitalis

→ Friulian: digitâl

→ French: digital, digitale

→ Galician: dixital

→ German: digital

→ Italian: digitale

→ Portuguese: digital

→ Romanian: digital

→ Spanish: digital

[d̪ɪɡɪˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]


helix

la-noun

helix f (genitive helicis); third declension

helicis (genitive)
helix (nominative singular)
helicēs (nominative plural)
helicis (genitive singular)
helicum (genitive plural)
helicī (dative singular)
helicibus (dative plural)
helicem (accusative singular)
helicēs (accusative plural)
helice (ablative singular)
helicibus (ablative plural)
helix (singular vocative)
helicēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: hèlix

→ Dutch: helix

→ English: helix

→ French: hélice

→ Galician: hélice

→ Italian: elica

→ Polish: helisa

→ Portuguese: hélice

→ Romanian: elice

→ Spanish: hélice

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix).

a whorl, a small ornament on the capital of Corinthian columns


competitor

competītor m (genitive competītōris, feminine competītrīx); third declension

competītor (canonical masculine)
competītōris (genitive)
competītrīx (feminine)
competītor (nominative singular)
competītōrēs (nominative plural)
competītōris (genitive singular)
competītōrum (genitive plural)
competītōrī (dative singular)
competītōribus (dative plural)
competītōrem (accusative singular)
competītōrēs (accusative plural)
competītōre (ablative singular)
competītōribus (ablative plural)
competītor (singular vocative)
competītōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: competidor

Friulian: competidôr

Italian: competitore

→ Middle French: compétiteur

→ English: competitor

French: compétiteur

→ Norman: compétiteu

Portuguese: competidor

Romanian: competitor

Spanish: competidor

a competitor, rival, adversary, opponent


dilemma

dilēmma n (genitive dilēmmatis); third declension

dilēmma (canonical neuter)
dilēmmatis (genitive)
dilēmma (nominative singular)
dilēmmata (nominative plural)
dilēmmatis (genitive singular)
dilēmmatum (genitive plural)
dilēmmatī (dative singular)
dilēmmatibus (dative plural)
dilēmma (accusative singular)
dilēmmata (accusative plural)
dilēmmate (ablative singular)
dilēmmatibus (ablative plural)
dilēmma (singular vocative)
dilēmmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: dilema

French: dilemme

Italian: dilemma

Portuguese: dilema

Romanian: dilemă

Spanish: dilema


nemesis

nemesis f (genitive nemesis or nemeseōs or nemesios); third declension

nemesis (genitive)
nemeseōs (genitive)
nemesios (genitive)
nemesis (nominative singular)
nemesēs (nominative plural)
nemeseis (nominative plural)
nemesis (genitive singular)
nemeseōs (genitive singular)
nemesios (genitive singular)
nemesium (genitive plural)
nemesī (dative singular)
nemesibus (dative plural)
nemesim (accusative singular)
nemesin (accusative singular)
nemesem (accusative singular)
nemesēs (accusative plural)
nemesīs (accusative plural)
nemesī (ablative singular)
nemese (ablative singular)
nemesibus (ablative plural)
nemesis (singular vocative)
nemesi (singular vocative)
nemesēs (plural vocative)
nemeseis (plural vocative)

Italian: nemesi

Swedish: nemesis

[ˈnɛmɛs̠ɪs̠]


plus

plūs (canonical)
plūs (neuter)
plūs (neuter nominative singular)
plūrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
plūra (neuter nominative plural)
plūris (genitive neuter singular)
plūrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
plūribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
plūs (accusative neuter singular)
plūrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
plūra (accusative neuter plural)
plūre (ablative neuter singular)
plūribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
plūs (neuter singular vocative)
plūrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
plūra (neuter plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

ple

Italo-Romance:

Italian: più

Judeo-Italian: פְלוּ (plu)

Neapolitan: chiù, chjù, cchiù

Sicilian: cchiui (dated), cchiù, cchjù

Padanian:

Friulian: plui

Istriot: pioûn

Ladin: plu

Ligurian: ciù

Lombard: pù, pü, plü

Piedmontese: pì, pu

Romansch: pli

Venetian: pì, pù

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: ples

French: plus

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: pus

Catalan: pus (Mallorcan; negative uses only)

Old Occitan: plus

Occitan: pus

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: chus

Portuguese: chus (dated)

Galician: chus (dated)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: prus, pius

Borrowings:

→ English: plus

→ Polish: plus

→ Romanian: plus

→ Russian: плюс (pljus)

→ Spanish: plus

→ Swedish: plus

From Old Latin plous, from Proto-Italic *plēōs (after being levelled in favour of the neuter *plowis), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-, *pelh₁u- (“many”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many”), Old English feolo (“much, many”). More at fele.

der

(magis indicates more in degree)

comparative degree of multus
(more in quantity) more, additionally

comparative degree of multus
more, additionally

Plus ultra! = "Further beyond!" (this is the national motto of Spain)

comparative degree of multus
(more in extent) further


motor

la-noun

mōtor m (genitive mōtōris); third declension

mōtor (canonical masculine)
mōtōris (genitive)
mōtor (nominative singular)
mōtōrēs (nominative plural)
mōtōris (genitive singular)
mōtōrum (genitive plural)
mōtōrī (dative singular)
mōtōribus (dative plural)
mōtōrem (accusative singular)
mōtōrēs (accusative plural)
mōtōre (ablative singular)
mōtōribus (ablative plural)
mōtor (singular vocative)
mōtōrēs (plural vocative)


miles

mīles m or f (genitive mīlitis); third declension

mīles (canonical feminine masculine)
mīlitis (genitive)
mīles (nominative singular)
mīlitēs (nominative plural)
mīlitis (genitive singular)
mīlitum (genitive plural)
mīlitī (dative singular)
mīlitibus (dative plural)
mīlitem (accusative singular)
mīlitēs (accusative plural)
mīlite (ablative singular)
mīlitibus (ablative plural)
mīles (singular vocative)
mīlitēs (plural vocative)

→ Italian: milite

→ Piedmontese: mìlit

→ Portuguese: mílite

Romanian: mire (uncertain)

→ Spanish: mílite

→ Welsh: milwr

Unknown. Possibly of Etruscan origin. The suffix seems similar to that of pedes, eques, veles, comes, but the origin of mīl- is opaque. A connection to mīlia (“thousands”), perhaps as "person going by the thousand(s)", is difficult to confidently motivate semantically.

mīles gregārius

A man in boardgames such as ludus latrunculi and chess.


tellus

tellūs f (genitive tellūris); third declension

tellūs (canonical feminine)
tellūris (genitive)
tellūs (nominative singular)
tellūrēs (nominative plural)
tellūris (genitive singular)
tellūrum (genitive plural)
tellūrī (dative singular)
tellūribus (dative plural)
tellūrem (accusative singular)
tellūrēs (accusative plural)
tellūre (ablative singular)
tellūribus (ablative plural)
tellūs (singular vocative)
tellūrēs (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪ɛlːʲuːs̠]

From Proto-Italic *telnos, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *telnos ~ *telnes-, from *telh₂- (“flat ground”), but reshaped after rūs. Otherwise, could derive from Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌋𐌀𐌓 (tular, “earth”).

nōn habuit doctōs tellūs antīqua colōnōs

The ancient world did not have skilled farmers.
(Other possible translations include “soil” or “country”.)

Nūllus adhūc mundō praebēbat lūmina Tītān,
nec nova crēscendō reparābat cornua Phoebē,
nec circumfūsō pendēbat in āere tellūs
ponderibus lībrāta suīs, nec bracchia longō
margine terrārum porrēxerat Amphītrītē; […]

No Titan [Sun] as yet provided light to the world, nor did Phoebe [the Moon] repair new horns in waxing, nor did the Earth hang in the surrounding air, balanced by its own weights, nor had Amphitrite [the sea] stretched her arms down the far borders of the lands; […]

Vix ē cōnspectū Siculae tellūris in altum

Almost beyond sight of the land of Sicily, upon the deep [sea]
Or: On the deep [sea], [with] Sicilian land [being] scarcely out of sight


pectus

pectus n (genitive pectoris); third declension

pectoris (genitive)
pectus (nominative singular)
pectora (nominative plural)
pectoris (genitive singular)
pectorum (genitive plural)
pectorī (dative singular)
pectoribus (dative plural)
pectus (accusative singular)
pectora (accusative plural)
pectore (ablative singular)
pectoribus (ablative plural)
pectus (singular vocative)
pectora (plural vocative)

Aragonese: peito

Aromanian: cheptu, chieptu

Asturian: pechu

Catalan: pit

French: pis, poitrine

Friulian: pet

Istriot: pitto

Istro-Romanian: kľept, chiept

Italian: petto

Megleno-Romanian: kľept, chiept

Occitan: pitre, pièch

Piedmontese: pèt, pècc

Old Galician-Portuguese: peito

Galician: peito

Portuguese: peito (see there for further descendants)

Romanian: piept

Romansch: pet, pèz

desc

Sardinian: pettus, petorra, peturra, piturra

Sicilian: pettu

Spanish: pecho, peto

Venetian: peto

From Proto-Italic *pektos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”). Cognate with Old Irish ucht.

(figuratively) heart, breast, as the seat of emotion

‘ō nimium facilēs, ō tōtō pectore captae!’

“O too easy [souls]! O [those] with every spirit having been captured!”
(That is to say, easy to deceive and entirely believing. Several figurative translations are possible. The poetic voice is that of Juno (mythology).)

(figuratively) soul, spirit, mind, understanding

person, individual (as a being of passion)


Simon

la-proper noun

Simon m sg (genitive Simōnis); third declension

Simōnis (genitive)
Simon (nominative singular)
Simōnis (genitive singular)
Simōnī (dative singular)
Simōnem (accusative singular)
Simōne (ablative singular)
Simon (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Simone

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σίμων (Símōn), itself from Biblical Hebrew שִׁמְעוֹן (Šimʿōn)

A Christian male given name from Biblical Hebrew


vertigo

la-noun

vertīgō f (genitive vertīginis); third declension

vertīgō (canonical feminine)
vertīginis (genitive)
vertīgō (nominative singular)
vertīginēs (nominative plural)
vertīginis (genitive singular)
vertīginum (genitive plural)
vertīginī (dative singular)
vertīginibus (dative plural)
vertīginem (accusative singular)
vertīginēs (accusative plural)
vertīgine (ablative singular)
vertīginibus (ablative plural)
vertīgō (singular vocative)
vertīginēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: vertigen

→ English: vertigo

Spanish: vértigo

French: vertige

Italian: vertigine

Portuguese: vertigem

→ Galician: vertixe

[u̯ɛrˈt̪iːɡoː]

Synchronically vertō + -īgō. Diachronically, may be derived from vertex, vertic-, with the velar assimilated in oblique cases to the nasal suffix derived from Proto-Indo-European *-h₃onh₂- (e.g. genitive *wertik-nes > *wertig-nes > vertīginis).


numen

nūmen n (genitive nūminis); third declension

nūmen (canonical neuter)
nūminis (genitive)
nūmen (nominative singular)
nūmina (nominative plural)
nūminis (genitive singular)
nūminum (genitive plural)
nūminī (dative singular)
nūminibus (dative plural)
nūmen (accusative singular)
nūmina (accusative plural)
nūmine (ablative singular)
nūminibus (ablative plural)
nūmen (singular vocative)
nūmina (plural vocative)

→ English: numen, numinous

→ Italian: nume

→ Portuguese: nume, númen

→ Spanish: numen

* Could be simply an action noun of *nuō, for *nuimen, from *nuō + -men, thus meaning "a nodding with the head", "a nod", "command", "will" (as nūtus), with the particular meaning of "the divine will", "the will or power of the gods", "divine sway".
* Others suggest the Ancient Greek word νοούμενον (nooúmenon) ("an influence perceptible by mind but not by senses"), from νοέω (noéō), was borrowed into Early Latin as the word noumen, whose spelling changed to numen in Classical Latin.

the immortal gods protect the roofs of the city with divine will and aid

di immortales numine et auxilio urbis tecta defendunt

in prece tōtus eram: caelestia nūmina sēnsī,
laetaque purpureā lūce refulsit humus.
[As] I was rapt in prayer, I sensed [the presence of] heavenly powers, and the joyful ground gleamed with purple light.
(A poetic encounter with Vesta (mythology); see also Vestalia.)

divinity (Georges Dumézil argues this is a modern meaning and not one from the Classical period, where it was either attributed to particular gods or other entities, such as in numen Cereris or numen dei, or wrongly interpreted)


horizon

horizōn m (genitive horizontis); third declension

horizōn (canonical masculine)
horizontis (genitive)
horizōn (nominative singular)
horizontēs (nominative plural)
horizontis (genitive singular)
horizontos (genitive singular)
horizontum (genitive plural)
horizontium (genitive plural)
horizontī (dative singular)
horizontibus (dative plural)
horizontem (accusative singular)
horizonta (accusative singular)
horizontēs (accusative plural)
horizontās (accusative plural)
horizonte (ablative singular)
horizontibus (ablative plural)
horizōn (singular vocative)
horizontēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: horitzó

→ Dutch: horizon

→ Old French: orisonte, orison

Middle French: horizon, horizonte

French: horizon

→ Middle English: orisonte, orisoun

English: horizon

Galician: horizonte

→ German: Horizont

Italian: orizzonte

Lombard: orizzont (New Lombard Orthography)

Mirandese: hourizonte

Portuguese: horizonte

Romanian: orizont

→ Russian: горизонт (gorizont)

Spanish: horizonte

→ Ukrainian: горизо́нт (horyzónt)


educator

ēducātor m (genitive ēducātōris, feminine ēducātrīx); third declension

ēducātor (canonical masculine)
ēducātōris (genitive)
ēducātrīx (feminine)
ēducātor (nominative singular)
ēducātōrēs (nominative plural)
ēducātōris (genitive singular)
ēducātōrum (genitive plural)
ēducātōrī (dative singular)
ēducātōribus (dative plural)
ēducātōrem (accusative singular)
ēducātōrēs (accusative plural)
ēducātōre (ablative singular)
ēducātōribus (ablative plural)
ēducātor (singular vocative)
ēducātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: educador

French: éducateur

Galician: educador

Italian: educatore

Portuguese: educador

Romanian: educator

Spanish: educador

[eːd̪ʊˈkäːt̪ɔr]

From ēducō (“bring up, rear, educate, train, or produce”) + -tor (agent suffix).


mens

la-noun

mēns f (genitive mentis); third declension

mēns (canonical feminine)
mentis (genitive)
mēns (nominative singular)
mentēs (nominative plural)
mentis (genitive singular)
mentium (genitive plural)
mentī (dative singular)
mentibus (dative plural)
mentem (accusative singular)
mentēs (accusative plural)
mentīs (accusative plural)
mente (ablative singular)
mentibus (ablative plural)
mēns (singular vocative)
mentēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: minti, minte

Asturian: miente, mente

Catalan: ment

→ Esperanto: menso

Friulian: ment

Ido: mento

Italian: mente

Occitan: ment

Portuguese: mente

Romanian: minte

Sardinian: mente, menti

Sicilian: menti

Spanish: mente

Venetian: ménte

Italo-Romance:

Italian: -mente

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: -ment

Franco-Provençal: -ment

Old French: -ment (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: -ment

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: -mente

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: -mente
Galician: -mente
Portuguese: -mente

Spanish: -mente

→ Interlingua: -mente (and from other Romance forms)

From Proto-Italic *mentis, from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”). Cognate with Sanskrit मति (matí), αὐτόματος (autómatos), μάντις (mántis), Russian мнить (mnitʹ, “to think”), Old English ġemynd (whence English mind).

“Nec venit in mentem quōrum cōnsēderis arvīs?”
“Does it not come into [your] mind [the sort of people] whose lands you have settled?”
(Idiomatic translations vary – Mackail, 1885: “nor does it cross thy mind”; Knight, 1956: “you should remember”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “have you forgotten”; Fitzgerald, 1981: “have you considered”; Fagles, 2006: “don’t you recall”; Ahl, 2007: “aren’t you concerned about”; Bartsch, 2020: “do you forget”.)

heart, conscience (seat of the thoughts and will)

hominum erga se mentes

c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum Caligulae


testatrix

la-noun

testātrīx f (genitive testātrīcis, masculine testātor); third declension

testātrīx (canonical feminine)
testātrīcis (genitive)
testātor (masculine)
testātrīx (nominative singular)
testātrīcēs (nominative plural)
testātrīcis (genitive singular)
testātrīcum (genitive plural)
testātrīcī (dative singular)
testātrīcibus (dative plural)
testātrīcem (accusative singular)
testātrīcēs (accusative plural)
testātrīce (ablative singular)
testātrīcibus (ablative plural)
testātrīx (singular vocative)
testātrīcēs (plural vocative)

[t̪ɛs̠ˈt̪äːt̪riːks̠]

testor (“I am witness, testify, attest; I make a will”) + -ātrīx


testator

la-noun

testātor m (genitive testātōris, feminine testātrīx); third declension

testātor (canonical masculine)
testātōris (genitive)
testātrīx (feminine)
testātor (nominative singular)
testātōrēs (nominative plural)
testātōris (genitive singular)
testātōrum (genitive plural)
testātōrī (dative singular)
testātōribus (dative plural)
testātōrem (accusative singular)
testātōrēs (accusative plural)
testātōre (ablative singular)
testātōribus (ablative plural)
testātor (singular vocative)
testātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: testador

Italian: testatore

Portuguese: testador

Spanish: testador

[t̪ɛs̠ˈt̪äːt̪ɔr]

testor (“I am witness, testify, attest; I make a will”) + -ātor


aether

la-noun

aethēr m (genitive aetheris); third declension

aethēr (canonical masculine)
aetheris (genitive)
aethēr (nominative singular)
aetherēs (nominative plural)
aetheris (genitive singular)
aetherum (genitive plural)
aetherī (dative singular)
aetheribus (dative plural)
aethera (accusative singular)
aetherem (accusative singular)
aetherēs (accusative plural)
aethere (ablative singular)
aetheribus (ablative plural)
aethēr (singular vocative)
aetherēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: èter

→ Danish: æter, ether

desctree

→ Dutch: ether
Afrikaans: eter
→ Indonesian: ètêr
→ Japanese: エーテル (ēteru)

→ English: ether
→ Korean: 에테르 (etereu)
→ Chinese: 以太 (yǐtài)

→ French: éther, æther (obsolete)
→ Czech: éter
→ Hungarian: éter
→ Ottoman Turkish: اتر (eter)
Turkish: eter
→ Romanian: eter
→ Slovak: éter

→ Galician: éter

→ German: Äther, Ether

→ Italian: etere

→ Lithuanian: eteris

→ Norwegian: eter

→ Piedmontese: étere

→ Portuguese: éter

→ Sicilian: ètiri

→ Spanish: éter

→ Swedish: eter

[ˈäe̯t̪ʰeːr]

From Ancient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr, “air; ether”).

der

the upper, pure, bright air; ether; the heavens

the upper world, the earth (as opposed to the lower world)

the brightness or ethereal matter surrounding a deity


apophasis

la-noun

apophasis f (genitive apophasis); third declension

apophasis (genitive)
apophasis (nominative singular)
apophasēs (nominative plural)
apophasis (genitive singular)
apophasium (genitive plural)
apophasī (dative singular)
apophasibus (dative plural)
apophasem (accusative singular)
apophasēs (accusative plural)
apophasīs (accusative plural)
apophase (ablative singular)
apophasibus (ablative plural)
apophasis (singular vocative)
apophasēs (plural vocative)

English: apophasis

French: apophase

Galician: apófase

→ Finnish: apofaasi

Portuguese: apófase

→ Russian: Апофазия (Apofazija)

[äˈpɔpʰäs̠ɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἀπόφασις (apóphasis, “denial, negation”), ἀπο- (apo-, “away, from, off”) + φάσις (phásis, “statement, proposition”) from ἀπόφημι (apóphēmi, “speak out; say no, refuse, deny”) from Attic Greek φημί (phēmí), Doric Greek φᾱμί (phāmí) from Proto-Hellenic *pʰā́mā from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂; whence via Proto-Italic *fāōr, *fāmā compare fārī, fābula, fāma, hence English fable, fame.

af

(Late Latin, logic, rhetoric) apophasis; ironically alluding to a subject matter by denying that the subject will be mentioned, embedded within a statement or rhetorical question whereby one, as it were, answers himself

(Ecclesiastical Latin, Christianity, philosophy, theology) apprehending knowledge of what is true about an unknowable, such as the essence of a divine being like God, by a negative process of denying propositions that are knowably untrue


asthma

la-noun

asthma n (genitive asthmatis); third declension

asthmatis (genitive)
asthma (nominative singular)
asthmata (nominative plural)
asthmatis (genitive singular)
asthmatum (genitive plural)
asthmatī (dative singular)
asthmatibus (dative plural)
asthma (accusative singular)
asthmata (accusative plural)
asthmate (ablative singular)
asthmatibus (ablative plural)
asthma (singular vocative)
asthmata (plural vocative)

Asturian: asma

Catalan: asma

desctree

French: asthme
→ Romanian: astmă
→ Turkish: astım

Italian: asma

Spanish: asma

→ Polish: astma

→ Dutch: astma
Afrikaans: asma
→ Indonesian: asma

→ Hungarian: asztma


genesis

la-noun

genesis f (genitive genesis or geneseōs or genesios); third declension

genesis (genitive)
geneseōs (genitive)
genesios (genitive)
genesis (nominative singular)
genesēs (nominative plural)
geneseis (nominative plural)
genesis (genitive singular)
geneseōs (genitive singular)
genesios (genitive singular)
genesium (genitive plural)
genesī (dative singular)
genesibus (dative plural)
genesim (accusative singular)
genesin (accusative singular)
genesem (accusative singular)
genesēs (accusative plural)
genesīs (accusative plural)
genesī (ablative singular)
genese (ablative singular)
genesibus (ablative plural)
genesis (singular vocative)
genesi (singular vocative)
genesēs (plural vocative)
geneseis (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: gènesi (learned)

desctree

→ Dutch: genese (learned)
→ Indonesian: genesa

→ English: genesis (learned)

→ French: genèse (semi-learned)

→ Italian: genesi (learned)

→ Spanish: génesis (learned)

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: genesis, genese (learned)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: genesis, genese (learned)

→ Polish: geneza (learned)

→ Turkish: genez (learned)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis, “origin, source, beginning, nativity, generation, production, creation”)


ethos

la-noun

ēthos n (irregular, genitive ētheos); third declension

ēthos (canonical neuter)
ētheos (genitive)
ēthos (nominative singular)
ēthea (nominative plural)
ēthē (nominative plural)
ētheos (genitive singular)
ēthōn (genitive plural)
ēthī (dative singular)
ēthesi (dative plural)
ēthesin (dative plural)
ēthos (accusative singular)
ēthea (accusative plural)
ēthē (accusative plural)
ēthī (ablative singular)
ēthesi (ablative plural)
ēthesin (ablative plural)
ēthos (singular vocative)
ēthea (plural vocative)
ēthē (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἦθος (êthos).

Is omnium prīmus animum pīnxit et sēnsūs hominis expressit, quae vocant Graecī ēthē, item perturbātiōnēs, dūrior paulō in colōribus.

77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia 35.98

He [viz. Aristides of Thebes] was the first of all painters who depicted the mind and expressed the feelings of a human being, what the Greeks term ethe, and also the emotions; he was a little too hard in his colours.


praxis

prāxis f sg (genitive prāxis or prāxeōs or prāxios); third declension

prāxis (canonical feminine singular)
prāxis (genitive)
prāxeōs (genitive)
prāxios (genitive)
prāxis (nominative singular)
prāxis (genitive singular)
prāxeōs (genitive singular)
prāxios (genitive singular)
prāxī (dative singular)
prāxim (accusative singular)
prāxin (accusative singular)
prāxem (accusative singular)
prāxī (ablative singular)
prāxe (ablative singular)
prāxis (singular vocative)
prāxi (singular vocative)

Italian: prassi

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρᾶξῐς (prâxis).

nam mihi nihil novi potest afferri, sicut ille fericulus iam habuit praxim.

, Petronius (Titus or Gajus Petronius Arbiter). In: Petronii satirae et liber priapeorum, edited by Franciscus Buecheler, Berlin, 1871, p. 24


epidermis

epidermis f (genitive epidermidis); third declension

epidermidis (genitive)
epidermis (nominative singular)
epidermidēs (nominative plural)
epidermidis (genitive singular)
epidermidum (genitive plural)
epidermidī (dative singular)
epidermidibus (dative plural)
epidermidem (accusative singular)
epidermidēs (accusative plural)
epidermide (ablative singular)
epidermidibus (ablative plural)
epidermis (singular vocative)
epidermidēs (plural vocative)

English: epidermis

[ɛpɪˈd̪ɛrmɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἐπιδερμίς (epidermís), from ἐπί (epí, “on top of”) + δέρμα (dérma, “skin”).


calyx

calyx m (genitive calycis); third declension

calycis (genitive)
calyx (nominative singular)
calycēs (nominative plural)
calycis (genitive singular)
calycum (genitive plural)
calycī (dative singular)
calycibus (dative plural)
calycem (accusative singular)
calycēs (accusative plural)
calyce (ablative singular)
calycibus (ablative plural)
calyx (singular vocative)
calycēs (plural vocative)

→ English: calyx

→ French: calice

→ Galician: cáliz

→ Portuguese: cálice

→ Spanish: cáliz

From Ancient Greek κάλυξ (kálux, “case of a bud, husk”).

der

The bud, cup, or calyx of a flower or nut.

A plant of two kinds, resembling the arum, perhaps the monk's hood.

(by extension) The shell of fruits, pericarp.


aero

la-noun

aerō m (genitive aerōnis); third declension

aerō (canonical masculine)
aerōnis (genitive)
aerō (nominative singular)
aerōnēs (nominative plural)
aerōnis (genitive singular)
aerōnum (genitive plural)
aerōnī (dative singular)
aerōnibus (dative plural)
aerōnem (accusative singular)
aerōnēs (accusative plural)
aerōne (ablative singular)
aerōnibus (ablative plural)
aerō (singular vocative)
aerōnēs (plural vocative)


charisma

charisma n (genitive charismatis); third declension

charismatis (genitive)
charisma (nominative singular)
charismata (nominative plural)
charismatis (genitive singular)
charismatum (genitive plural)
charismatī (dative singular)
charismatibus (dative plural)
charisma (accusative singular)
charismata (accusative plural)
charismate (ablative singular)
charismatibus (ablative plural)
charisma (singular vocative)
charismata (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek χᾰ́ρῐσμᾰ (khárisma, “grace, favour, gift”).

bor

spiritual gift, gift of God, God-given grace


pharynx

la-noun

pharynx f (genitive pharyngis); third declension

pharyngis (genitive)
pharynx (nominative singular)
pharyngēs (nominative plural)
pharyngis (genitive singular)
pharyngum (genitive plural)
pharyngī (dative singular)
pharyngibus (dative plural)
pharyngem (accusative singular)
pharyngēs (accusative plural)
pharynge (ablative singular)
pharyngibus (ablative plural)
pharynx (singular vocative)
pharyngēs (plural vocative)

→ English: pharynx

[ˈpʰärʏŋks̠]

Borrowing from Ancient Greek φᾰ́ρῠγξ (phárunx, “throat, gullet”).


climax

la-noun

clīmax f (genitive clīmacis); third declension

clīmax (canonical feminine)
clīmacis (genitive)
clīmax (nominative singular)
clīmacēs (nominative plural)
clīmacis (genitive singular)
clīmacum (genitive plural)
clīmacī (dative singular)
clīmacibus (dative plural)
clīmacem (accusative singular)
clīmacēs (accusative plural)
clīmace (ablative singular)
clīmacibus (ablative plural)
clīmax (singular vocative)
clīmacēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek κλῖμαξ (klîmax, “ladder, staircase, [rhetorical] climax”), from κλίνω (klínō, “I lean, slant”).


carcinoma

la-noun

carcinōma n (genitive carcinōmatis); third declension

carcinōma (canonical neuter)
carcinōmatis (genitive)
carcinōma (nominative singular)
carcinōmata (nominative plural)
carcinōmatis (genitive singular)
carcinōmatum (genitive plural)
carcinōmatī (dative singular)
carcinōmatibus (dative plural)
carcinōma (accusative singular)
carcinōmata (accusative plural)
carcinōmate (ablative singular)
carcinōmatibus (ablative plural)
carcinōma (singular vocative)
carcinōmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: carcinoma m

Czech: karcinom

Finnish: karsinooma

French: carcinome

Galician: carcinoma m

German: Karzinom n

Hungarian: karcinóma

Ido: karcinomo

Irish: carcanóma m

Italian: carcinoma

Portuguese: carcinoma

Russian: карцино́ма f (karcinóma)

Serbo-Croatian: karcinom m

Spanish: carcinoma m

Swedish: karcinom n

Tagalog: karsinoma

From Ancient Greek καρκίνωμα (karkínōma).


dogma

dogma n (genitive dogmatis); third declension

dogmatis (genitive)
dogma (nominative singular)
dogmata (nominative plural)
dogmatis (genitive singular)
dogmatum (genitive plural)
dogmatī (dative singular)
dogmatibus (dative plural)
dogma (accusative singular)
dogmata (accusative plural)
dogmate (ablative singular)
dogmatibus (ablative plural)
dogma (singular vocative)
dogmata (plural vocative)

→ Armenian: դոգմա (dogma)

→ Catalan: dogma

→ Czech: dogma

→ Danish: dogme

→ Dutch: dogma

→ English: dogma

→ Finnish: dogmi

→ French: dogme

→ Galician: dogma

→ German: Dogma

→ Hungarian: dogma

→ Italian: dogma

→ Norwegian: dogme

→ Portuguese: dogma

→ Russian: догма (dogma)

→ Spanish: dogma

→ Swedish: dogm

From Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “opinion, tenet”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “I suppose, think, evince”), from δέχομαι (dékhomai, “I take, accept”), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take”).


stigma

la-noun

stigma n (genitive stigmatis); third declension

stigmatis (genitive)
stigma (nominative singular)
stigmata (nominative plural)
stigmatis (genitive singular)
stigmatum (genitive plural)
stigmatī (dative singular)
stigmatibus (dative plural)
stigma (accusative singular)
stigmata (accusative plural)
stigmate (ablative singular)
stigmatibus (ablative plural)
stigma (singular vocative)
stigmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: estigma

English: stigma, stigmat, stigme

French: stigmate

Galician: estigma

Irish: stiogma

Italian: stigma

Polish: stygmat

Portuguese: estigma

Romanian: stigmă

Spanish: estigma

brand (burned mark, especially on a slave)


diploma

diplōma n (genitive diplōmatis); third declension

diplōma (canonical neuter)
diplōmatis (genitive)
diplōma (nominative singular)
diplōmata (nominative plural)
diplōmatis (genitive singular)
diplōmatum (genitive plural)
diplōmatī (dative singular)
diplōmatibus (dative plural)
diplōma (accusative singular)
diplōmata (accusative plural)
diplōmate (ablative singular)
diplōmatibus (ablative plural)
diplōma (singular vocative)
diplōmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: diploma

desctree

French: diplôme
→ Arabic: دِبْلُوم (diblūm), دِبْلُومَة (diblūma)
→ Czech: diplom
→ Danish: diplom
→ Finnish: diplomi
→ German: Diplom
→ Khmer: ឌីប្លូម (diiploum)
→ Norwegian Bokmål: diplom
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: diplom
→ Pashto: ديپلوم (deplom), دپلوم (deplom)
→ Persian: دیپلم (diplom)
→ Polish: dyplom
→ Russian: дипло́м (diplóm)
→ Armenian: դիպլոմ (diplom)
→ Azerbaijani: diplom
→ Belarusian: дыпло́м (dyplóm)
→ Estonian: diplom
→ Georgian: დიპლომი (diṗlomi)
→ Kazakh: диплом (diplom)
→ Kyrgyz: диплом (diplom)
→ Latvian: diploms
→ Lithuanian: diplomas
→ Mongolian: диплом (diplom)
→ Tajik: диплом (diplom)
→ Tatar: диплом (diplom)
→ Turkmen: diplom
→ Ukrainian: дипло́м (dyplóm)
→ Uyghur: دىپلوم (diplom)
→ Uzbek: diplom
→ Yiddish: דיפּלאָם (diplom)
→ Slovak: diplom
→ Swedish: diplom

Galician: diploma

Italian: diploma
→ Turkish: diploma

Piedmontese: diplòma

Portuguese: diploma

Romanian: diplomă

Spanish: diploma

→ Albanian: diploma

→ Bulgarian: диплома (diploma)

→ Dutch: diploma
Afrikaans: diploma
→ Caribbean Javanese: diplomah, dhiplomah
→ Indonesian: diploma

→ English: diploma
→ Bengali: ডিপ্লোমা (ḍiplōma)
→ Burmese: ဒီပလိုမာ (dipa.luima)
→ Hindi: डिप्लोमा (ḍiplomā)
→ Japanese: ディプロマ (dipuroma)
→ Korean: 디플로마 (dipeulloma)
→ Malay: diploma
→ Swahili: diploma
→ Urdu: ڈِپْلوما (ḍiplomā)

→ Esperanto: diplomo

→ Hungarian: diploma

→ Indonesian: diplomo

→ Macedonian: диплома (diploma)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дипло́ма

Latin script: diplóma

→ Slovene: diploma

[d̪ɪˈpɫ̪oːmä]

[d̪ɪpˈɫ̪oːmä]

From Ancient Greek δίπλωμα (díplōma, “folded paper, license”).

bor

letter of recommendation
letter of recommendation

a document drawn up by a magistrate, assuring to the holder some favor or privilege, a diploma


burdo

la-noun

burdō m or f (genitive burdōnis); third declension

burdō (canonical feminine masculine)
burdōnis (genitive)
burdō (nominative singular)
burdōnēs (nominative plural)
burdōnis (genitive singular)
burdōnum (genitive plural)
burdōnī (dative singular)
burdōnibus (dative plural)
burdōnem (accusative singular)
burdōnēs (accusative plural)
burdōne (ablative singular)
burdōnibus (ablative plural)
burdō (singular vocative)
burdōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Ancient Greek: βουρδών (bourdṓn)

→ Classical Syriac: ܒܰܪܕܽܘܢܳܐ (barḏūnā)

→ Arabic: بِرْذَوْن (birḏawn)

desc

→ Persian: برذون (berzown), بردون (berdown)

Not natively Latin since an initial v would be expected; probably of Celtic origin, from Gaulish *burdus (“mule”), according to Whatmough, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus, *gʷrd-o- (“slow, heavy, tired”).

mule; hinny (offspring of a jackass and a mare or of a stallion and a jenny)


stipes

la-noun

stīpes m (genitive stīpitis); third declension

stīpes (canonical masculine)
stīpitis (genitive)
stīpes (nominative singular)
stīpitēs (nominative plural)
stīpitis (genitive singular)
stīpitum (genitive plural)
stīpitī (dative singular)
stīpitibus (dative plural)
stīpitem (accusative singular)
stīpitēs (accusative plural)
stīpite (ablative singular)
stīpitibus (ablative plural)
stīpes (singular vocative)
stīpitēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: estípit (learned)

French: stipe

→ English: stipe

⇒ Galician: restreba

Italian: stipite

From Proto-Indo-European *steypos. Cognates include Lithuanian stìpti (“to stiffen, grow rigid”), Latvian stiept (“to stretch”), English stiff, Icelandic stífla (“to dam”).

cog

(figuratively, derogatory) blockhead, lunkhead, idiot, fool


brando

la-noun

brandō m (genitive brandōnis); third declension

brandō (canonical masculine)
brandōnis (genitive)
brandō (nominative singular)
brandōnēs (nominative plural)
brandōnis (genitive singular)
brandōnum (genitive plural)
brandōnī (dative singular)
brandōnibus (dative plural)
brandōnem (accusative singular)
brandōnēs (accusative plural)
brandōne (ablative singular)
brandōnibus (ablative plural)
brandō (singular vocative)
brandōnēs (plural vocative)

Boston
Brill
Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange#Works
Leiden

Catalan: brandó

Old French: brandon

Middle French: brandon

French: brandon

→ Spanish: blandón

Walloon: banon

Borrowed from Frankish *brandō, *brand (“fire, burning, torch”). Attested in early Medieval times.


basto

*bastō m (oblique *bastōnem); third declension

bastō (canonical masculine)
bastōnem (oblique)

Catalan: bastó

desctree

Italian: bastone
→ Greek: μπαστούνι (bastoúni)
→ Bulgarian: бастун (bastun)
→ Ottoman Turkish: باستون, باسطون (baston)
Turkish: baston
→ Armenian: պաստօն (pastōn)
→ Laz: ბასთონი (bastoni), ბასტონი (basťoni)

Old French: baston

French: bâton (see there for further descendants)

Padanian:

Lombard: baston

Piedmontese: baston

Old Galician-Portuguese: baston

Galician: bastón

Portuguese: bastão

Sicilian: vastuni

Spanish: bastón, vástago

→ Pontic Greek: μπαστόν (bastón)


bufo

la-noun

būfō m (genitive būfōnis); third declension

būfō (canonical masculine)
būfōnis (genitive)
būfō (nominative singular)
būfōnēs (nominative plural)
būfōnis (genitive singular)
būfōnum (genitive plural)
būfōnī (dative singular)
būfōnibus (dative plural)
būfōnem (accusative singular)
būfōnēs (accusative plural)
būfōne (ablative singular)
būfōnibus (ablative plural)
būfō (singular vocative)
būfōnēs (plural vocative)

English: bufo

Italian: buffone

Sicilian: buffa

Spanish: bufón

Translingual: Bufo

→ Middle Irish: bufa

Irish: buaf

Manx: beayf

Probably loaned from a different Italic language such as Oscan, where the word could have referred to any creeping small animal such as a hamster. The connection with Proto-Slavic *žaba (“toad”) is uncertain, as the initial vowel cannot reflect a common Indo-European origin.


cinema

cīnēma n (genitive cīnēmatis); third declension

cīnēma (canonical neuter)
cīnēmatis (genitive)
cīnēma (nominative singular)
cīnēmata (nominative plural)
cīnēmatis (genitive singular)
cīnēmatum (genitive plural)
cīnēmatī (dative singular)
cīnēmatibus (dative plural)
cīnēma (accusative singular)
cīnēmata (accusative plural)
cīnēmate (ablative singular)
cīnēmatibus (ablative plural)
cīnēma (singular vocative)
cīnēmata (plural vocative)

[t͡ʃiˈnɛːmä]


glaucoma

glaucōma n (genitive glaucōmatis); third declension

glaucōma (canonical neuter)
glaucōmatis (genitive)
glaucōma (nominative singular)
glaucōmata (nominative plural)
glaucōmatis (genitive singular)
glaucōmatum (genitive plural)
glaucōmatī (dative singular)
glaucōmatibus (dative plural)
glaucōma (accusative singular)
glaucōmata (accusative plural)
glaucōmate (ablative singular)
glaucōmatibus (ablative plural)
glaucōma (singular vocative)
glaucōmata (plural vocative)

[ɡɫ̪äu̯ˈkoːmä]

[ɡläu̯ˈkɔːmä]

dimming of the vitreous body in the eye, glaucoma

Id quoque quod de demolitionibus et disjectionibus Palancarum in eadem cum turca transactum clausumque est, in grande enormeque dedecus et damnum patriae nostrae vergit. Nam sub vocabulo destructionis Palancarum nihil aliud latet (licet istud suae sangvinariae malitiae glaucoma admodum tenui explicationis caliptra tegere studiant), quam exterminatio militum hajdonum trans-Tibiscum locatorum.

1662, Ladislaus Listius (1628–1663), Cladis Mohachianae [The Fall of Mohács], volume 2, page 48

This also what of demolition and dishevelment of the palankas has been wrought and finessed with the Turk, sets a great and enormous disgrace and wound to our fatherland. For under the concept of a destruction of the palankas nothing is hidden (though they strive to cover this swack of their thugduggery by spreading the thin headscarf of unfolding a story) but the extermination of the hajduk soldiers sent forth over Tibiscum.


bubo

būbō m (genitive būbōnis); third declension

būbō (canonical masculine)
būbōnis (genitive)
būbō (nominative singular)
būbōnēs (nominative plural)
būbōnis (genitive singular)
būbōnum (genitive plural)
būbōnī (dative singular)
būbōnibus (dative plural)
būbōnem (accusative singular)
būbōnēs (accusative plural)
būbōne (ablative singular)
būbōnibus (ablative plural)
būbō (singular vocative)
būbōnēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Bubo

Onomatopoeic, compare Ancient Greek βύας (búas), Bulgarian буч (buč), Old Armenian բու (bu), Persian بوف (buf), Arabic بُوم (būm), Classical Syriac ܒܐܘܐ (baʾwāʾ) and Caucasian languages such as Old Georgian ბუვი (buvi), Chechen бухӏа (buha), and Aghul бу́гьу (búhu), all meaning owls.

owl, especially the Eurasian eagle owl, Bubo bubo


bubo

Catalan: buba

Galician: bouba

Romanian: bubă (possibly)

Medieval Latin; from Ancient Greek βουβών (boubṓn, “groin, swelling”).


litotes

la-noun

lītotēs f (genitive lītotētos); third declension

lītotēs (canonical feminine)
lītotētos (genitive)
lītotēs (nominative singular)
lītotētes (nominative plural)
lītotētos (genitive singular)
lītotētum (genitive plural)
lītotētī (dative singular)
lītotētibus (dative plural)
lītotēta (accusative singular)
lītotētas (accusative plural)
lītotēte (ablative singular)
lītotētibus (ablative plural)
lītotēs (singular vocative)
lītotētes (plural vocative)

→ English: litotes (learned)

desctree

→ French: litote (learned)
→ Russian: лито́та (litóta)
→ Spanish: litote

→ German: Litotes (learned)

→ Italian: litote (learned)

→ Polish: litotes (learned)

[ˈlʲiːt̪ɔt̪eːs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λιτότης (litótēs).

bor+

(rhetoric) litotes (rhetorical understatement)


-is

-e (neuter)
-is (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-e (neuter nominative singular)
-ēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
-ia (neuter nominative plural)
-is (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
-ium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
-ī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-em (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-e (accusative neuter singular)
-ēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-īs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-ia (accusative neuter plural)
-ī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-is (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-e (neuter singular vocative)
-ēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
-ia (neuter plural vocative)

desctree

→ Swedish: -is (learned)
→ Finnish: -is
→ Norwegian Bokmål: -is
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: -is

tri- + annus + -is → triennis

bi- + penna + -is → bipennis

ē- + norma + -is → ēnormis

in- + somnus + -is → insomnis

pro- + clīvus + -is → proclīvis

brevi- + tarsus + -is → brevitarsis

suffixed to the root of nouns in composition, forms adjectives of the third declension


pluralis

la-adj

plūrālis (neuter plūrāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

plūrālis (canonical)
plūrāle (neuter)
plūrālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
plūrāle (neuter nominative singular)
plūrālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
plūrālia (neuter nominative plural)
plūrālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
plūrālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
plūrālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
plūrālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
plūrālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
plūrāle (accusative neuter singular)
plūrālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
plūrālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
plūrālia (accusative neuter plural)
plūrālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
plūrālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
plūrālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
plūrāle (neuter singular vocative)
plūrālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
plūrālia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Old French: plurel

→ Middle English: plurelle

English: plural

Scots: plural

→ German: Pluralis, Plural

[pɫ̪uːˈräːlʲɪs̠]

pluralis majestatis = pluralis majestaticus


pluralis

la-noun

plūrālis m (genitive plūrālis); third declension

plūrālis (canonical masculine)
plūrālis (genitive)
plūrālis (nominative singular)
plūrālēs (nominative plural)
plūrālis (genitive singular)
plūrālium (genitive plural)
plūrālī (dative singular)
plūrālibus (dative plural)
plūrālem (accusative singular)
plūrālēs (accusative plural)
plūrālīs (accusative plural)
plūrāle (ablative singular)
plūrālibus (ablative plural)
plūrālis (singular vocative)
plūrālēs (plural vocative)

[pɫ̪uːˈräːlʲɪs̠]

(grammar) plural (short for numerus plurālis)


furor

furor m (genitive furōris); third declension

furōris (genitive)
furor (nominative singular)
furōrēs (nominative plural)
furōris (genitive singular)
furōrum (genitive plural)
furōrī (dative singular)
furōribus (dative plural)
furōrem (accusative singular)
furōrēs (accusative plural)
furōre (ablative singular)
furōribus (ablative plural)
furor (singular vocative)
furōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: furor

→ Old French: furor

Middle French: fureur

French: fureur

desctree

→ Middle English: furour, fourour
English: furor (obsolete furour)

→ Galician: furor

→ Italian: furore

→ English: furore

→ German: Furore

→ Russian: фурор (furor)

→ Old Occitan: furor

→ Piedmontese: furor

→ Portuguese: furor

→ Sicilian: fururi

→ Romanian: furoare

→ Spanish: furor

From furō (“I rage, I am out of my mind”) + -or.

af

iamque facēs et saxa volant: furor arma ministrat

[A crowd of people riots,] and before long, firebrands and rocks are flying: fury supplies weapons.
(In other words, an impassioned mob, though seemingly unarmed, nevertheless finds destructive uses for things: “saxa” become “arma.”)

frenzy, fury, rage, raving, insanity, madness, passion


missile

la-noun

missile n (genitive missilis); third declension

missilis (genitive)
missile (nominative singular)
missilia (nominative plural)
missilis (genitive singular)
missilium (genitive plural)
missilī (dative singular)
missilibus (dative plural)
missile (accusative singular)
missilia (accusative plural)
missilī (ablative singular)
missilibus (ablative plural)
missile (singular vocative)
missilia (plural vocative)

(plural) presents from the Emperor thrown to the people

2018, Tuomo Pekkanen, Foederatio occidentalis Syriam missilibus percussit https://areena.yle.fi/1-4377543, Nuntii Latini 20.4.2018

The US, UK, and France Saturday morning fired over a hundred missiles at three Syrian sites in which chemical weapons were being built and stored.

USA, Britannia, Francia mane Sabbati plus centum missilia in tres metas Syriacas miserunt, in quibus arma chemica conficiebantur et tractabantur.

(New Latin) a missile (self-propelled projectile)


torpor

torpor m (genitive torpōris); third declension

torpōris (genitive)
torpor (nominative singular)
torpōrēs (nominative plural)
torpōris (genitive singular)
torpōrum (genitive plural)
torpōrī (dative singular)
torpōribus (dative plural)
torpōrem (accusative singular)
torpōrēs (accusative plural)
torpōre (ablative singular)
torpōribus (ablative plural)
torpor (singular vocative)
torpōrēs (plural vocative)

→ English: torpor

→ French: torpeur

→ Italian: torpore

→ Portuguese: torpor

→ Spanish: torpor


heros

hērōs m (genitive hērōis); third declension

hērōs (canonical masculine)
hērōis (genitive)
hērōs (nominative singular)
hērōēs (nominative plural)
hērōis (genitive singular)
hērōum (genitive plural)
hērōī (dative singular)
hērōibus (dative plural)
hērōem (accusative singular)
hērōēs (accusative plural)
hērōe (ablative singular)
hērōibus (ablative plural)
hērōs (singular vocative)
hērōēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: heroi

English: hero

Esperanto: heroo

→ Ido: heroo

French: héros

German: Heroe, Heros

Italian: eroe

→ Maltese: eroj

Polish: heros

Portuguese: herói

Romanian: erou

Sicilian: iroi

Spanish: héroe

Basque: heroi

From the Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “hero”, “demigod”).

der

(transferred sense, Ciceronian) an illustrious man

transferred sense; Ciceronian; transferred sense; Ciceronian


Hippocrates

la-proper noun

Hippocratēs m sg (genitive Hippocratis); third declension

Hippocratēs (canonical masculine singular)
Hippocratis (genitive)
Hippocratēs (nominative singular)
Hippocratis (genitive singular)
Hippocratī (dative singular)
Hippocratem (accusative singular)
Hippocrate (ablative singular)
Hippocratēs (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἱπποκράτης (Hippokrátēs).

A male given name from Ancient Greek, notably borne by Hippocrates of Cos, an Ancient Greek physician


problema

la-noun

problēma n (genitive problēmatis); third declension

problēma (canonical neuter)
problēmatis (genitive)
problēma (nominative singular)
problēmata (nominative plural)
problēmatis (genitive singular)
problēmatōrum (genitive plural)
problēmatum (genitive plural)
problēmatī (dative singular)
problēmatīs (dative plural)
problēmatibus (dative plural)
problēma (accusative singular)
problēmata (accusative plural)
problēmate (ablative singular)
problēmatīs (ablative plural)
problēmatibus (ablative plural)
problēma (singular vocative)
problēmata (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: problem

→ Aromanian: prublemã

→ Asturian: problema

→ Azerbaijani: problem

→ Bulgarian: проблема (problema)

→ Catalan: problema

→ Czech: problém

→ Danish: problem

desctree

→ Dutch: probleem
Afrikaans: probleem
→ Indonesian: problem

→ Finnish: probleema

→ Galician: problema

→ Georgian: პრობლემა (ṗroblema)

→ German: Problem
→ Bulgarian: проблем (problem)
→ Estonian: probleem
→ Luxembourgish: Problem

→ Hungarian: probléma

→ Hunsrik: Problem

→ Italian: problema

→ Latvian: problēma

→ Lithuanian: problema

→ Macedonian: проблем (problem)

→ Middle French: probleme
French: problème
→ Luxembourgish: Problem
→ Polish: problem
→ Romanian: problemă
→ Turkish: problem
→ Middle English: probleme, problem
English: problem
→ Welsh: problem
Scots: problem

→ Norwegian: problem

→ Polish: problem

→ Portuguese: problema

→ Russian: проблема (problema)
→ Armenian: պրոբլեմ (problem)
→ Bashkir: проблема (problema)
→ Georgian: პრობლემა (ṗroblema)
→ Kazakh: проблема (problema)
→ Kumyk: проблема (problema)
→ Kyrgyz: проблема (problema)
→ Uzbek: problema

→ Serbo-Croatian: problem / проблем

→ Sicilian: prubbrema, prubblema

→ Spanish: problema

→ Swedish: problem

→ Ukrainian: проблема (problema)

→ Vilamovian: problem

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρόβλημα (próblēma, “obstacle”).

bor+

problem, puzzle, enigma, question proposed for solution.


regalia

la-noun

rēgālia n pl (genitive rēgālium); third declension

rēgālia (canonical neuter plural)
rēgālium (genitive)
rēgālia (nominative plural)
rēgālium (genitive plural)
rēgālibus (dative plural)
rēgālia (accusative plural)
rēgālibus (ablative plural)
rēgālia (plural vocative)

(Medieval Latin) regalia (royal rights and powers)


confessio

cōnfessiō f (genitive cōnfessiōnis); third declension

cōnfessiō (canonical feminine)
cōnfessiōnis (genitive)
cōnfessiō (nominative singular)
cōnfessiōnēs (nominative plural)
cōnfessiōnis (genitive singular)
cōnfessiōnum (genitive plural)
cōnfessiōnī (dative singular)
cōnfessiōnibus (dative plural)
cōnfessiōnem (accusative singular)
cōnfessiōnēs (accusative plural)
cōnfessiōne (ablative singular)
cōnfessiōnibus (ablative plural)
cōnfessiō (singular vocative)
cōnfessiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: confessió

→ English: confessio

→ Galician: confesión

→ Italian: confessione

→ Occitan: confession

desctree

→ Old French: confession
French: confession
→ German: Konfession
→ Romanian: confesiune
→ Middle English: confessioun, confession, confessyon, confessyone, confessyown
English: confession

→ Old Irish: cobais

→ Portuguese: confissão

→ Russian: конфе́ссия (konféssija)

→ Spanish: confesión

→ Welsh: cyffes

[kõːˈfɛs̠ːioː]

From cōnfiteor (“to confess, to acknowledge”) + -tiō.

suf

(Ecclesiastical Latin) creed or avowal of one's faith

(Ecclesiastical Latin) confession (disclosure of one's sins to a priest in order to receive absolution from God)


flamen

la-noun

flāmen m (genitive flāminis, feminine flāmina); third declension

flāmen (canonical masculine)
flāminis (genitive)
flāmina (feminine)
flāmen (nominative singular)
flāminēs (nominative plural)
flāminis (genitive singular)
flāminum (genitive plural)
flāminī (dative singular)
flāminibus (dative plural)
flāminem (accusative singular)
flāminēs (accusative plural)
flāmine (ablative singular)
flāminibus (ablative plural)
flāmen (singular vocative)
flāminēs (plural vocative)

→ English: flamen

→ French: flamine

→ Portuguese: flâmine

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlag- (“to hit, strike, beat”). Other etymologies point to *bʰleh₂- (no meaning given) or *bʰel- (“to shine, burn”). Traditionally asserted relationships to Sanskrit ब्रह्मन् (bráhman), Old Norse blót via conjectured *bʰlag-, *bʰlād- present difficulties.


flamen

la-noun

flāmen n (genitive flāminis); third declension

flāmen (canonical neuter)
flāminis (genitive)
flāmen (nominative singular)
flāmina (nominative plural)
flāminis (genitive singular)
flāminum (genitive plural)
flāminī (dative singular)
flāminibus (dative plural)
flāmen (accusative singular)
flāmina (accusative plural)
flāmine (ablative singular)
flāminibus (ablative plural)
flāmen (singular vocative)
flāmina (plural vocative)

From flō (“I breathe, blow”) + -men (noun-forming suffix).


emphasis

la-noun

emphasis f (genitive emphasis); third declension

emphasis (genitive)
emphasis (nominative singular)
emphasēs (nominative plural)
emphasis (genitive singular)
emphasium (genitive plural)
emphasī (dative singular)
emphasibus (dative plural)
emphasem (accusative singular)
emphasēs (accusative plural)
emphasīs (accusative plural)
emphase (ablative singular)
emphasibus (ablative plural)
emphasis (singular vocative)
emphasēs (plural vocative)

[ˈɛmpʰäs̠ɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἔμφασις (émphasis, “significance”).


campester

la-adj

campester (feminine campestris, neuter campestre); third-declension three-termination adjective

campestris (feminine)
campestre (neuter)
campester (masculine nominative singular)
campestris (feminine nominative singular)
campestre (neuter nominative singular)
campestrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
campestria (neuter nominative plural)
campestris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
campestrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
campestrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
campestribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
campestrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
campestre (accusative neuter singular)
campestrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
campestria (accusative neuter plural)
campestrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
campestribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
campester (masculine singular vocative)
campestris (feminine singular vocative)
campestre (neuter singular vocative)
campestrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
campestria (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: campestre

French: champêtre

→⇒ English: campestral

→ Italian: campestre

→ Portuguese: campestre

→ Romanian: campestru

→ Spanish: campestre


campester

la-noun

campester m or f (genitive campestris); third declension

campestris (genitive)
campester (nominative singular)
campestrēs (nominative plural)
campestris (genitive singular)
campestrum (genitive plural)
campestrī (dative singular)
campestribus (dative plural)
campestrem (accusative singular)
campestrēs (accusative plural)
campestre (ablative singular)
campestribus (ablative plural)
campester (singular vocative)
campestrēs (plural vocative)

(usually in the plural) god or goddess of the fields or contests


Miltiades

la-proper noun

Miltiadēs m sg (genitive Miltiadis); third declension

Miltiadēs (canonical masculine singular)
Miltiadis (genitive)
Miltiadēs (nominative singular)
Miltiadis (genitive singular)
Miltiadī (dative singular)
Miltiadēn (accusative singular)
Miltiade (ablative singular)
Miltiadēs (singular vocative)

English: Miltiades

Italian: Milziade

[mɪɫ̪ˈt̪iäd̪eːs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μιλτιάδης (Miltiádēs).

a celebrated Greek general, victor in the battle of Marathon


gens

la-noun

gēns f (genitive gentis); third declension

gēns (canonical feminine)
gentis (genitive)
gēns (nominative singular)
gentēs (nominative plural)
gentis (genitive singular)
gentium (genitive plural)
gentī (dative singular)
gentibus (dative plural)
gentem (accusative singular)
gentēs (accusative plural)
gentīs (accusative plural)
gente (ablative singular)
gentibus (ablative plural)
gēns (singular vocative)
gentēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: gintã (unusual)

Romanian: gint

Dalmatian:

ziant

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gente

desc

→ Sardinian: gente, genti, tzente, zente

Judeo-Italian: יֵינְטַה (yenəṭa /jenta/)

Neapolitan: gente

Sicilian: genti

W. Romance of N. Italy:

Friulian: int

Istriot: zento

Venetian: dente, xente, zente

Lombard: gent

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: gent

Franco-Provençal: gens

desctree

Old French: gent
French: gens m pl
Norman: gens m pl
Walloon: djin m pl

Occitan: gent

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: xente

Old Galician-Portuguese: gente

Galician: xente

Portuguese: gente

Old Spanish: yente

Ladino: djente

Spanish: gente (latin influence)

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: gjinde

→ Basque: jende

→ Romanian: gintă

→ English: gens, ⇒ genticide

From Proto-Italic *gentis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis, from root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”).
See also generō, genus, gignō. Cognate with English kind, Sanskrit जाति (jāti), Ancient Greek γένος (génos) and Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), whence English genesis.

Roman clan (related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name and often united by certain religious rites)

Sī petat ā victīs, tot sūmat nōmina Caesar,
quot numerō gentēs maximus orbis habet.
Were Caesar to seek his names from the conquered,
he would have to assume as many in number as the vast world contains nations.
1851. The Fasti &c of Ovid. Translated by H. T. Riley. London: H. G. Bohn. pg. 38.

(biblical, Christianity, Judaism) heathen, pagan


-plex

-plicis (genitive)
-plex (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
-plicēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
-plicia (neuter nominative plural)
-plicis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
-plicium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
-plicī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-plicibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-plicem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-plex (accusative neuter singular)
-plicēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-plicia (accusative neuter plural)
-plicī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-plicibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-plex (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
-plicēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
-plicia (neuter plural vocative)

→ English: -plex

From plicō (“I fold”) + -s. Compare -plus.

sem- (“one”) → simplex (“onefold, single, simple”)

tri- (“three”) → triplex (“threefold”)

quadri- (“four”) → quadruplex (“fourfold”)

centum (“hundred”) → centiplex (“hundredfold”)

multus (“many”) → multiplex (“manifold”)

Creates adjectives specifying the number of times, -fold


multiplex

la-adj

multiplex (genitive multiplicis, adverb multipliciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

multiplicis (genitive)
multipliciter (adverb)
multiplex (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
multiplicēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
multiplicia (neuter nominative plural)
multiplicis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
multiplicium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
multiplicī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
multiplicibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
multiplicem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
multiplex (accusative neuter singular)
multiplicēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
multiplicia (accusative neuter plural)
multiplicī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
multiplicibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
multiplex (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
multiplicēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
multiplicia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: múltiplex

French: multiplex

→ Dutch: multiplex

Galician: multíplice, múltiplex

Italian: multiplex

Portuguese: multíplex

Spanish: multíplice

[ˈmʊɫ̪t̪ɪpɫ̪ɛks̠]

From multus (“many, much”) + -plex (“-fold”).


Dunelmensis

Dunelmēnsis (neuter Dunelmēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

Dunelmēnsis (canonical)
Dunelmēnse (neuter)
Dunelmēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Dunelmēnse (neuter nominative singular)
Dunelmēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
Dunelmēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
Dunelmēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
Dunelmēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
Dunelmēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Dunelmēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
Dunelmēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Dunelmēnse (accusative neuter singular)
Dunelmēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
Dunelmēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
Dunelmēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
Dunelmēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Dunelmēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
Dunelmēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Dunelmēnse (neuter singular vocative)
Dunelmēnsēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
Dunelmēnsia (neuter plural vocative)

[d̪ʊnɛɫ̪ˈmẽːs̠ɪs̠]

From Dunelmum (alternative form: Dunhelmum) + -ensis.

1108: "Historia ecclesiae Dunelmensis" (a history of the see of Durham)

the title of a work written by Symeon of Durham


tangibilis

tangibilis (neuter tangibile); third-declension two-termination adjective

tangibile (neuter)
tangibilis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
tangibile (neuter nominative singular)
tangibilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
tangibilia (neuter nominative plural)
tangibilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
tangibilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
tangibilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
tangibilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
tangibilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
tangibile (accusative neuter singular)
tangibilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
tangibilīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
tangibilia (accusative neuter plural)
tangibilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
tangibilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
tangibilis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
tangibile (neuter singular vocative)
tangibilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
tangibilia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: tangible

→ English: tangible

French: tangible

Italian: tangibile

Portuguese: tangível

Romanian: tangibil

Spanish: tangible

[t̪äŋˈɡɪbɪlʲɪs̠]

Quae tangibilia sunt manu.

touchable, tangible; able to be touched or sensed


militaria

la-noun

mīlitāria n pl (genitive mīlitārium); third declension

mīlitāria (canonical neuter plural)
mīlitārium (genitive)
mīlitāria (nominative plural)
mīlitārium (genitive plural)
mīlitāribus (dative plural)
mīlitāria (accusative plural)
mīlitāribus (ablative plural)
mīlitāria (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Either from mīlitāris (“soldierly, martial”) + -ia; more likely an extraordinary substantivization of the nominative neuter plural form of mīlitāris.


Peleus

la-proper noun

Pēle͡us m sg (genitive Pēleos); third declension

Pēle͡us (canonical masculine singular)
Pēleos (genitive)
Pēleus (nominative singular)
Pēleos (genitive singular)
Pēleī (dative singular)
Pēlea (accusative singular)
Pēlee (ablative singular)
Pēleus (singular vocative)

[ˈpeːɫ̪ɛu̯s̠]

Peleus, a king of Thessaly, son of Aeacus, and brother of Telamon


orator

la-noun

ōrātor m (genitive ōrātōris, feminine ōrātrīx); third declension

ōrātor (canonical masculine)
ōrātōris (genitive)
ōrātrīx (feminine)
ōrātor (nominative singular)
ōrātōrēs (nominative plural)
ōrātōris (genitive singular)
ōrātōrum (genitive plural)
ōrātōrī (dative singular)
ōrātōribus (dative plural)
ōrātōrem (accusative singular)
ōrātōrēs (accusative plural)
ōrātōre (ablative singular)
ōrātōribus (ablative plural)
ōrātor (singular vocative)
ōrātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: orador

French: orateur

Galician: orador

Italian: oratore

Piedmontese: orator

Polish: orator

Portuguese: orador

Romanian: orator

Russian: ора́тор (orátor)

Spanish: orador

[oːˈräːt̪ɔr]

An ambassador (one entrusted with an oral message))


hemo

hemō m (genitive hemōnis); third declension

hemō (canonical masculine)
hemōnis (genitive)
hemō (nominative singular)
hemōnēs (nominative plural)
hemōnis (genitive singular)
hemōnum (genitive plural)
hemōnī (dative singular)
hemōnibus (dative plural)
hemōnem (accusative singular)
hemōnēs (accusative plural)
hemōne (ablative singular)
hemōnibus (ablative plural)
hemō (singular vocative)
hemōnēs (plural vocative)

etymon

hemō


traductio

la-noun

trāductiō f (genitive trāductiōnis); third declension

trāductiō (canonical feminine)
trāductiōnis (genitive)
trāductiō (nominative singular)
trāductiōnēs (nominative plural)
trāductiōnis (genitive singular)
trāductiōnum (genitive plural)
trāductiōnī (dative singular)
trāductiōnibus (dative plural)
trāductiōnem (accusative singular)
trāductiōnēs (accusative plural)
trāductiōne (ablative singular)
trāductiōnibus (ablative plural)
trāductiō (singular vocative)
trāductiōnēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: traducción

Catalan: traducció

→ English: traduction

French: traduction

Galician: tradución

Italian: traduzione

Piedmontese: tradussion, tradüssiun

Portuguese: tradução

Romanian: traducție

Spanish: traducción

Literally, “leading across”, from trādūcō (“lead across”) + -tiō, from trāns (“across”) + dūcō (“lead”).

temporis, passage of time, lapse of time


mento

mentō m (genitive mentōnis); third declension

mentō (canonical masculine)
mentōnis (genitive)
mentō (nominative singular)
mentōnēs (nominative plural)
mentōnis (genitive singular)
mentōnum (genitive plural)
mentōnī (dative singular)
mentōnibus (dative plural)
mentōnem (accusative singular)
mentōnēs (accusative plural)
mentōne (ablative singular)
mentōnibus (ablative plural)
mentō (singular vocative)
mentōnēs (plural vocative)

From mentum (“chin”) + -o (“forming related nouns”).


concolor

la-adj

concolor (genitive concolōris); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)

concolōris (genitive)
concolor (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
concolōrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
concolōra (neuter nominative plural)
concolōris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
concolōrum (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
concolōrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
concolōribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
concolōrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
concolor (accusative neuter singular)
concolōrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
concolōra (accusative neuter plural)
concolōre (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
concolōribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
concolor (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
concolōrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
concolōra (neuter plural vocative)

[ˈkɔŋkɔɫ̪ɔr]


commis

la-noun

commis f (genitive commis or commeos); third declension

commis (genitive)
commeos (genitive)
commis (nominative singular)
commēs (nominative plural)
commis (genitive singular)
commeos (genitive singular)
commium (genitive plural)
commī (dative singular)
commibus (dative plural)
commim (accusative singular)
commēs (accusative plural)
commīs (accusative plural)
commī (ablative singular)
commibus (ablative plural)
commis (singular vocative)
commēs (plural vocative)


feles

fēlēs f (genitive fēlis); third declension

fēlēs (canonical feminine)
fēlis (genitive)
fēlēs (nominative singular)
fēlēs (nominative plural)
fēlis (genitive singular)
fēlium (genitive plural)
fēlī (dative singular)
fēlibus (dative plural)
fēlem (accusative singular)
fēlēs (accusative plural)
fēlīs (accusative plural)
fēle (ablative singular)
fēlibus (ablative plural)
fēlēs (singular vocative)
fēlēs (plural vocative)

[ˈfeːɫ̪eːs̠]

Unknown; maybe cognate with Welsh bele (“marten”).
Other sources say that it is related to Latin fulica, fulix, with the etymological meaning of "animal with a shiny coat", but this theory is doubtful. The connection with Latin fēlix (“happy”) and Latin fēllō (“to suck”), with the (hypothetical) etymological meaning of “animal that sucks the blood [of its prey]”, was also proposed. This word could be cognate with Latin mēlēs (“badger”), under the assumption of a very unusual alternation of /f/ (or earlier */β/) and /m/, which might be an indication of substrate origin.

Quorum inbutae mentes pravitatis erroribus quamvis carnificinam prius subierint quam ibim aut aspidem aut faelem aut canem aut corcodillum violenti quorum etiamsi inprudentes quippiam fecerint, poenam nullam recusent.

c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 5.27

Their minds being tainted by pernicious opinions, they are ready to bear any torture rather than hurt an ibis, a snake, a cat, a dog, or a crocodile; and should any one inadvertently have hurt any of these animals, he will submit to any punishment.

Ut feles quoties fugitat, male pedere sueta est.

1528, Desiderius Erasmus, Adagiorum opus, page 773

Whenever the cat runs away, she is accustomed to fart badly.

1556, Conrad Gessner, Aeliani de natura animalium, Liber VI, Cap. XXVII, p. 336

Just as out of the cats, the male is most libidinous, so too is the female of kittens most affectionate; and on that account she runs away from sexual intercourse with the male because he emits the hottest semen like fire, and so burns up the genital organ of the female.

Quemadmodum ex felibus mas est libidinosissimus, sic amantissima catulorum femina; quae veneream idcirco maris consuetudinem refugit, quod is calidissimum ignisque simile semen emittat, genitale ut feminae conburat.

Capitale fuisse apud Aegyptios felem sponte, vel casu occidisse, Diodorus perpulchram demonstrat historiam, suos oculos ac fidem in testimonium adducens, ne putetur esse fabula.

1607, Antoine Mizauld, Opusculorum pars secunda, page 72v

Diodorus describes, bringing his eyes as well as his faith into the telling lest it be thought a fable, a very beautiful account that among the Egyptians it was punishable by death to deliberately or by accident kill a cat.


zeugma

zeugma n (genitive zeugmatis); third declension

zeugmatis (genitive)
zeugma (nominative singular)
zeugmata (nominative plural)
zeugmatis (genitive singular)
zeugmatum (genitive plural)
zeugmatī (dative singular)
zeugmatibus (dative plural)
zeugma (accusative singular)
zeugmata (accusative plural)
zeugmate (ablative singular)
zeugmatibus (ablative plural)
zeugma (singular vocative)
zeugmata (plural vocative)

[ˈd̪͡z̪ɛu̯ɡmä]

[ˈd̪͡z̪ɛu̯ɡmä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζεῦγμα (zeûgma, “bond; yoking”).


gluten

la-noun

glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension

glūten (canonical neuter)
glūtinis (genitive)
glūten (nominative singular)
glūtina (nominative plural)
glūtinis (genitive singular)
glūtinum (genitive plural)
glūtinī (dative singular)
glūtinibus (dative plural)
glūten (accusative singular)
glūtina (accusative plural)
glūtine (ablative singular)
glūtinibus (ablative plural)
glūten (singular vocative)
glūtina (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: gluten (learned)

→ Corsican: glutinu (learned)

→ Dutch: gluten (learned)

→ Esperanto: gluteno (learned)

→ Finnish: gluteeni (learned)

→ French: gluten (learned)

→ English: gluten

→ Hijazi Arabic: قلوتن (glūtin)

→ Korean: 글루텐 (geulluten)

→ Romanian: gluten

→ Russian: глюте́н (gljutɛ́n)

→ German: Gluten (learned)

→ Japanese: グルテン (guruten)

desc

→ Yiddish: גלוטען (gluten), גלוטן (glutn) (learned)

→ Greek: γλουτένη (glouténi) (learned)

→ Ido: gluteno (learned)

→ Interlingua: glutine (learned)

→ Italian: glutine (learned)

Old French: glu

→ Middle English: glew, glu, glue, glewe, gleu, glowe, glyw, glyu, gleuwe, gluwe

desctree

English: glue
→ Esperanto: gluo
→ Ido: gluo
→ Irish: gliú
→ Welsh: gliw

French: glu

Norman: cliute (Jersey)

→ Old Irish: gláed

Irish: glae

Scottish Gaelic: glaodh

→ Polish: gluten, glut (learned)

→ Persian: گلوتن (g(e)luten) (learned)

Portuguese: grude; → glúten (learned)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *glʉd

Middle Welsh: glut

Welsh: glud

→ Spanish: gluten (learned)

→ Swedish: gluten (learned)

[ˈɡɫ̪uːt̪ɛn]

From Proto-Italic *gloiten, from Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥, from *gleh₁y- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).


Samuel

la-proper noun

Samūēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Samūēl or Samūēlis); indeclinable, third declension

Samūēl (canonical masculine singular)
Samūēl (genitive)
Samūēlis (genitive)
Samūēl (nominative singular)
Samūēl (genitive singular)
Samūēlis (genitive singular)
Samūēl (dative singular)
Samūēlī (dative singular)
Samūēl (accusative singular)
Samūēlem (accusative singular)
Samūēl (ablative singular)
Samūēle (ablative singular)
Samūēl (singular vocative)

Italian: Samuele

[s̠äˈmuːeːɫ̪]

[ˈs̠ämueːɫ̪]

From Ancient Greek Σαμουήλ (Samouḗl), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁמוּאֵל (šəmūʾḗl).


splendor

la-noun

splendor m (genitive splendōris); third declension

splendōris (genitive)
splendor (nominative singular)
splendōrēs (nominative plural)
splendōris (genitive singular)
splendōrum (genitive plural)
splendōrī (dative singular)
splendōribus (dative plural)
splendōrem (accusative singular)
splendōrēs (accusative plural)
splendōre (ablative singular)
splendōribus (ablative plural)
splendor (singular vocative)
splendōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: esplendor

English: splendor

French: splendeur

Galician: esplendor

Italian: splendore

Occitan: esplendor

Portuguese: esplendor

Romanian: splendoare

Spanish: esplendor

[ˈs̠pɫ̪ɛn̪d̪ɔr]

sheen, brightness, brilliance, lustre, splendor


albumen

albūmen n (genitive albūminis); third declension

albūmen (canonical neuter)
albūminis (genitive)
albūmen (nominative singular)
albūmina (nominative plural)
albūminis (genitive singular)
albūminum (genitive plural)
albūminī (dative singular)
albūminibus (dative plural)
albūmen (accusative singular)
albūmina (accusative plural)
albūmine (ablative singular)
albūminibus (ablative plural)
albūmen (singular vocative)
albūmina (plural vocative)

English: albumen

Russian: альбуми́н m (alʹbumín)

Spanish: albumen, albúmina

Italian: albume

[äɫ̪ˈbuːmɛn]

From albus (“white”) + -men (noun-forming suffix).


successor

la-noun

successor m (genitive successōris, feminine succestrīx); third declension

successōris (genitive)
succestrīx (feminine)
successor (nominative singular)
successōrēs (nominative plural)
successōris (genitive singular)
successōrum (genitive plural)
successōrī (dative singular)
successōribus (dative plural)
successōrem (accusative singular)
successōrēs (accusative plural)
successōre (ablative singular)
successōribus (ablative plural)
successor (singular vocative)
successōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: successor

→ English: successor

→ French: successeur

→ Galician: sucesor

→ Italian: successore

→ Occitan: successor

→ Portuguese: sucessor

→ Spanish: sucesor

[s̠ʊkˈkɛs̠ːɔr]


tremor

tremor m (genitive tremōris); third declension

tremōris (genitive)
tremor (nominative singular)
tremōrēs (nominative plural)
tremōris (genitive singular)
tremōrum (genitive plural)
tremōrī (dative singular)
tremōribus (dative plural)
tremōrem (accusative singular)
tremōrēs (accusative plural)
tremōre (ablative singular)
tremōribus (ablative plural)
tremor (singular vocative)
tremōrēs (plural vocative)

English: tremor

Old French: cremor

Bourguignon: cremmeur

French: trémeur (borrowing)

Friulian: trimôr

Galician: tremor

Italian: tremore

Portuguese: tremor

Sicilian: trimuri

Spanish: tremor


fidelis

la-adj

fidēlis (neuter fidēle, comparative fidēlior, superlative fidēlissimus, adverb fidēliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

fidēlis (canonical)
fidēle (neuter)
fidēlior (comparative)
fidēlissimus (superlative)
fidēliter (adverb)
fidēlis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
fidēle (neuter nominative singular)
fidēlēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
fidēlia (neuter nominative plural)
fidēlis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
fidēlium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
fidēlī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
fidēlibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
fidēlem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
fidēle (accusative neuter singular)
fidēlēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
fidēlīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
fidēlia (accusative neuter plural)
fidēlī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
fidēlibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
fidēlis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
fidēle (neuter singular vocative)
fidēlēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
fidēlia (neuter plural vocative)

Italo-Romance;

Italian: fedele

→ Ladin: fedel

→ Sicilian: fideli

North Italian:

Friulian: fidêl

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

early <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">fedeil</i>

Old French: feel, feal, feau, feeil, fial, fiel; fedeil, fetheil (early) (early fedeil)
Middle French: feal, fieu, foial
French: féal
→ Early Scots: feal, feale, feall
Middle Scots: feall, fiall
Scots: feal, feele (obsolete)
→ English: feal

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: feel

Old Occitan: fezel

Occitan: fidèl, fisèl

West Iberian:

Navarro-Aragonese: *feel, *fedel

Aragonese: fel, fiel, hiel, yel

Old Spanish: fiel, hiel, פִֿײֵאל

Spanish: fiel

Old Leonese: *fiel

Asturian: fiel

Old Galician-Portuguese: fiel

Galician: fiel

Portuguese: fiel

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: fidele, fideli, fieli

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: fidel

→ French: fidèle

→ Romanian: fidel

→ Romansch: fidel

[fɪˈd̪eːlʲɪs̠]

semper fidelis