Pion

Piōn m sg (genitive Piōnis); third declension

Piōn (canonical masculine singular)
Piōnis (genitive)
Piōn (nominative singular)
Piōnis (genitive singular)
Piōnī (dative singular)
Piōnem (accusative singular)
Piōne (ablative singular)
Piōn (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πίων (Píōn).


Io

la-proper noun

Īō f sg (genitive Īūs); fourth declension

Īō f sg (genitive Īōnis); third declension

Īō (canonical feminine singular)
Īūs (genitive)
Īō (canonical feminine singular)
Īōnis (genitive)
Īō (nominative singular)
Īūs (genitive singular)
Īō (dative singular)
Īō (accusative singular)
Īō (ablative singular)
Īō (singular vocative)
Īō (nominative singular)
Īōn (nominative singular)
Īōnis (genitive singular)
Īōnī (dative singular)
Īōnem (accusative singular)
Īōne (ablative singular)
Īō (singular vocative)
Īōn (singular vocative)

Io versa caput primos mugiverat annos:
So Io wore a strange guise and lowed all her earlier years;
illic aspicis scopulis haerere Sorores
et canere antiqui dulcia furta Iovis,
ut Semela est combustus, ut est deperditus Io,
…
There shalt thou see the Sisters clinging to the crags, while they chant the sweet loves of Jove in olden time, how he was consumed with fire for Semele, how madly he loved Io, …
tu certe Iovis occultis in amoribus, Io,
sensisti multas quid sit inire vias,
…

Propertius. In: Propertius with an English translation by H. E. Butler, 1916, pp. 144f., 154f., 162f

Yet, Io, in truth thou didst learn in thy secret loves with Jove what it is to tread many paths of wandering, …

Et modo se Europen fieri, modo postulat Io,

Publius Ovidius Naso, Ars amandi / Ars amatoria, liber I. In: Publius Ovidius Naso: Liebeskunst. Lateinisch-deutsch, 1980, p. 28 – translation from The Love Books of Ovid, p. 121

Now she would be Europa; now she would be Io; the one because she was a heifer, the other because a bull bore her on his back.

Publius Ovidius Naso, Amores, liber II. In: Ovid Heroides and Amores with an English translation by Grant Showerman, 1914, p. 386f.
dum nimium servat custos Iunonius Ion,
ante suos annos occidit; ilia dea est!
Juno's watchman, guarding Io too intently, falls before his time; she–becomes a goddess!

quos si Argus servet qui oculeus totus fuit,
quem quondam Ioni Iuno custodem addidit,

Plautus, Aulularia, actus III. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. I, 1916, p. 290f.

Why, Argus, who had eyes all over him and was set to guarding Io once by Juno, couldn't ever keep watch on those fellows, not if he tried.

(Greek mythology) Io, daughter of Inachus.


Piscis

Piscis m sg (genitive Piscis); third declension

Piscis (genitive)
Piscis (nominative singular)
Piscis (genitive singular)
Piscī (dative singular)
Piscem (accusative singular)
Pisce (ablative singular)
Piscis (singular vocative)

Piscis Austrinus
Piscis Austrinus#English

the Fish, Piscis Austrinus (constellation)


Atlas

Ā̆tlās m (genitive Ā̆tlantis); third declension

Ā̆tlās (canonical masculine)
Ā̆tlantis (genitive)
Ā̆tlās (nominative singular)
Ā̆tlantēs (nominative plural)
Ā̆tlantis (genitive singular)
Ā̆tlantum (genitive plural)
Ā̆tlantī (dative singular)
Ā̆tlantibus (dative plural)
Ā̆tlantem (accusative singular)
Ā̆tlantēs (accusative plural)
Ā̆tlante (ablative singular)
Ā̆tlantibus (ablative plural)
Ā̆tlā (singular vocative)
Ā̆tlantēs (plural vocative)

Portuguese: Atlas

Spanish: Atlas

[ˈäːt̪ɫ̪äːs̠]

[ˈät̪ɫ̪äːs̠]

From the name of the Ancient Greek mythological figure Ἄτλας (Átlas, “Bearer (of the Heavens)”).

… iamque volāns apicem et latera ardua cernit / Ātlantis dūrī, caelum quī vertice fulcit; / Ātlantis, cīnctum adsiduē cui nūbibus ātrīs / pīniferum caput et ventō pulsātur et imbrī, / nix umerōs īnfūsa tegit; tum flūmina mentō / praecipitant senis, et glaciē riget horrida barba.

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.246–251

… And now as he flies, [Mercury] sees the peak and steep sides of Atlas the enduring, whose top props up the sky; of Atlas, whose pine-clad head is ever girt with dark clouds, and battered by wind and rain, [and] his shoulders laden with fallen snow; [then,] further on, rivers pour down his aged chin, and his bristly beard is stiff with ice.
(This personification blends aspects of both the Titan and the mountain; see also: epanalepsis.)

A mountain in the Atlas Mountain Range in the former Kingdom of Mauretania, said to support the heavens

"tempus, Atla, veniet, tua quo spoliabitur auro

Ovid Metamorphoses with an English translation by Frank Justus Miller. In two volumes, I, books I–VIII, 1951, page 224–225 containing Ovidus' Metamorphoses IV, 644–645

"Atlas, the time will come when your tree will be spoiled of its gold, and he who gets the glory of this spoil will be Jove's son."

arbor, et hunc praedae titulum Iove natus habebit."


Pullo

Pullō m sg (genitive Pullōnis); third declension

Pullō (canonical masculine singular)
Pullōnis (genitive)
Pullō (nominative singular)
Pullōnis (genitive singular)
Pullōnī (dative singular)
Pullōnem (accusative singular)
Pullōne (ablative singular)
Pullō (singular vocative)

Titus Pullō: a Roman centurion mentioned by Julius Caesar.


Phoenix

Phoenīx m sg (genitive Phoenīcis); third declension

Phoenīx (canonical masculine singular)
Phoenīcis (genitive)
Phoenīx (nominative singular)
Phoenīcis (genitive singular)
Phoenīcī (dative singular)
Phoenīcem (accusative singular)
Phoenīce (ablative singular)
Phoenīx (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek φοῖνῐξ (phoînix), Φοῖνῐξ (Phoînix).

(Greek mythology) A companion of Achilles during the Trojan War.

(New Latin) Phoenix (the capital city of Arizona, United States).


Pan

Pān m sg (genitive Pānos); third declension

Pān (canonical masculine singular)
Pānos (genitive)
Pān (nominative singular)
Pānos (genitive singular)
Pānī (dative singular)
Pāna (accusative singular)
Pāne (ablative singular)
Pān (singular vocative)

→ English: Pan

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πᾱ́ν (Pā́n).


Solon

Solōn m sg (genitive Solōnis); third declension

Solōn (canonical masculine singular)
Solōnis (genitive)
Solōn (nominative singular)
Solōnis (genitive singular)
Solōnī (dative singular)
Solōnem (accusative singular)
Solōne (ablative singular)
Solōn (singular vocative)

Italian: Solone

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σόλων (Sólōn).


Siren

la-noun

Sīrēn f (genitive Sīrēnis); third declension

Sīrēn (canonical feminine)
Sīrēnis (genitive)
Sīrēn (nominative singular)
Sīrēnēs (nominative plural)
Sīrēnis (genitive singular)
Sīrēnum (genitive plural)
Sīrēnī (dative singular)
Sīrēnibus (dative plural)
Sīrēnem (accusative singular)
Sīrēnēs (accusative plural)
Sīrēne (ablative singular)
Sīrēnibus (ablative plural)
Sīrēn (singular vocative)
Sīrēnēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: serena, sirena

Catalan: sirena

English: Siren, siren

desctree

French: sirène
→ Persian: سیرن (siren)
→ Portuguese: sirene
→ Turkish: siren

→ Galician: sirena

German: Sirene

Irish: Síréana

Italian: sirena, serena

Old French: sereine

Old Galician-Portuguese: serẽa
Galician: serea
Portuguese: sereia

→ Portuguese: sirena

Romanian: sirenă

Spanish: sirena, serena, serea

(Greek mythology, mythology) a siren, one of the mythical birds with faces of virgins, that dwelt on the southern coast of Italy, where, with their sweet voices, they enticed ashore those who were sailing by, and then killed them.


Tellus

la-proper noun

Tellūs f sg (genitive Tellūris); third declension

Tellūs (canonical feminine singular)
Tellūris (genitive)
Tellūs (nominative singular)
Tellūris (genitive singular)
Tellūrī (dative singular)
Tellūrem (accusative singular)
Tellūre (ablative singular)
Tellūs (singular vocative)

desc

English: Tellurian, tellurian, tellurium, telluric

[ˈt̪ɛlːʲuːs̠]

A personification of tellūs; see there for more.


Sphinx

la-proper noun

Sphinx f (genitive Sphingis); third declension

Sphingis (genitive)
Sphinx (nominative singular)
Sphingēs (nominative plural)
Sphinges (nominative plural)
Sphingis (genitive singular)
Sphingos (genitive singular)
Sphingum (genitive plural)
Sphingī (dative singular)
Sphingibus (dative plural)
Sphingem (accusative singular)
Sphinga (accusative singular)
Sphingēs (accusative plural)
Sphingas (accusative plural)
Sphinge (ablative singular)
Sphingibus (ablative plural)
Sphinx (singular vocative)
Sphingēs (plural vocative)
Sphinges (plural vocative)


Sol

la-noun

Sōl m sg (genitive Sōlis); third declension

Sōl (canonical masculine singular)
Sōlis (genitive)
Sōl (nominative singular)
Sōlis (genitive singular)
Sōlī (dative singular)
Sōlem (accusative singular)
Sōle (ablative singular)
Sōl (singular vocative)

The same word as sōl (“sun”), taken as a proper noun.

(astronomy) Alternative letter-case form of sōl (“the Sun”)

crīmine nox vacua est; Sōlem dē virgine raptā

Night is without fault. About the maiden who’s been abducted: Consult the Sun,
who beholds far and wide that which is done by day.


Pisces

la-proper noun

Piscēs m pl (genitive Piscium); third declension

Piscēs (canonical masculine plural)
Piscium (genitive)
Piscēs (nominative plural)
Piscium (genitive plural)
Piscibus (dative plural)
Piscēs (accusative plural)
Piscīs (accusative plural)
Piscibus (ablative plural)
Piscēs (plural vocative)

From the plural form of piscis (“fish”).


felis

la-noun

fēlis f (genitive fēlis); third declension

fēlis (canonical feminine)
fēlis (genitive)
fēlis (nominative singular)
fēlēs (nominative plural)
fēlis (genitive singular)
fēlium (genitive plural)
fēlī (dative singular)
fēlibus (dative plural)
fēlem (accusative singular)
fēlēs (accusative plural)
fēlīs (accusative plural)
fēle (ablative singular)
fēlibus (ablative plural)
fēlis (singular vocative)
fēlēs (plural vocative)


buteo

būteō m (genitive būteōnis); third declension

būteō (canonical masculine)
būteōnis (genitive)
būteō (nominative singular)
būteōnēs (nominative plural)
būteōnis (genitive singular)
būteōnum (genitive plural)
būteōnī (dative singular)
būteōnibus (dative plural)
būteōnem (accusative singular)
būteōnēs (accusative plural)
būteōne (ablative singular)
būteōnibus (ablative plural)
būteō (singular vocative)
būteōnēs (plural vocative)

Old French: buison, buson, busart

→ Dutch: buizerd

→ English: buzzard

French: buse, busard

→ Galician: buxardo

→ German: Bussard

→ Spanish: busardo, buharro, guarro

→ Tagalog: buharo

Probably imitative of a buzzard or hawk's cry.

onomatopoeic

imitative


venus

la-noun

venus f (genitive veneris); third declension

veneris (genitive)
venus (nominative singular)
venerēs (nominative plural)
veneris (genitive singular)
venerum (genitive plural)
venerī (dative singular)
veneribus (dative plural)
venerem (accusative singular)
venerēs (accusative plural)
venere (ablative singular)
veneribus (ablative plural)
venus (singular vocative)
venerēs (plural vocative)

→ Oscan: ϝενζηι (venzēi, dat.sg.)

From Proto-Indo-European *wénh₁-os ~ *wénh₁-es-os n (“loveliness”), from the root *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”). Cognate with Sanskrit वनस् n (vánas, “loveliness, desire”) and possibly also cognate with Old Norse vanir. Although comparative evidence suggests that the name of the goddess Venus originated as a personification of the noun 'loveliness'; this Latin noun can be interpreted in the historical period as a figurative or transferred use of the goddess's name (note its feminine gender, as opposed to the neuter gender that is reconstructed for the original noun). Accordingly, many edited works capitalize the term.

cog

(uncountable) loveliness, attractiveness, beauty, grace, elegance, charm

(countable) love, beloved (person or object)


Virgo

la-proper noun

Virgō f sg (genitive Virginis); third declension

Virgō (canonical feminine singular)
Virginis (genitive)
Virgō (nominative singular)
Virginis (genitive singular)
Virginī (dative singular)
Virginem (accusative singular)
Virgine (ablative singular)
Virgō (singular vocative)

Italian: Vergine


Virgo

Virgō m sg (genitive Virgōnis); third declension

Virgō (canonical masculine singular)
Virgōnis (genitive)
Virgō (nominative singular)
Virgōnis (genitive singular)
Virgōnī (dative singular)
Virgōnem (accusative singular)
Virgōne (ablative singular)
Virgō (singular vocative)

a male given name, character in the play Persa by Plautus


scorpio

la-noun

scorpiō m (genitive scorpiōnis); third declension

scorpiō (canonical masculine)
scorpiōnis (genitive)
scorpiō (nominative singular)
scorpiōnēs (nominative plural)
scorpiōnis (genitive singular)
scorpiōnum (genitive plural)
scorpiōnī (dative singular)
scorpiōnibus (dative plural)
scorpiōnem (accusative singular)
scorpiōnēs (accusative plural)
scorpiōne (ablative singular)
scorpiōnibus (ablative plural)
scorpiō (singular vocative)
scorpiōnēs (plural vocative)

→? Albanian: shkrap

Catalan: escorpí

Old French: scorpion

French: scorpion

→ Middle Dutch: scorpioen

Dutch: schorpioen

→ English: scorpion

→ Welsh: sgorpion

→ German: Skorpion

→ Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍀𐌾𐍉 (skaurpjō)

→ Middle Irish: scoirp

Irish: scairp

Italian: scorpione

>? Italian: sgorbio

→ Middle Low German: schorpie

→ Norwegian Bokmål: skorpion

Portuguese: escorpião

Romanian: scorpion

Romansch: scorpiun

→ Russian: скорпио́н m (skorpión)

Sicilian: scurpiuni

Spanish: escorpión

a kind of prickly sea fish, possibly the scorpionfish or sculpin

scorpione ab latere dextro traiectus exanimatusque concidit

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.25

He was pierced and killed on the right side by a scorpion and fell


october

la-adj

octōber (feminine octōbris, neuter octōbre); third-declension three-termination adjective

octōber (canonical)
octōbris (feminine)
octōbre (neuter)
octōber (masculine nominative singular)
octōbris (feminine nominative singular)
octōbre (neuter nominative singular)
octōbrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
octōbria (neuter nominative plural)
octōbris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
octōbrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
octōbrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
octōbribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
octōbrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
octōbre (accusative neuter singular)
octōbrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
octōbria (accusative neuter plural)
octōbrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
octōbribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
octōber (masculine singular vocative)
octōbris (feminine singular vocative)
octōbre (neuter singular vocative)
octōbrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
octōbria (neuter plural vocative)

By analogy with september, as if from a suffix -ber. In the Roman calendar, the year began with mārtius (“March”), and octōber was the eighth month of the year.

1st century CE — Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella, De Re Rustica, Book XII
Cum eius radicem mense octobri, quo[d] maxime matura est.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


october

la-noun

octōber m (genitive octōbris); third declension

octōber (canonical masculine)
octōbris (genitive)

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: otòber, utòber

Ligurian: ottobre

Lombard: utuber, utùer

Piedmontese: octóber

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: uttrovi, ottobre

Italian: ottobre

Neapolitan: ottómbre, attrufe

Tarantino: ottommre

Sicilian: uttùviru

→ Maltese: Ottubru

Gallo-Romance

Old Francoprovençal: oitoiro, otoiro, oitembro

Franco-Provençal: octoiro

Old French: oitovre, uitovre, oituevre

Old Occitan: ochoire, oitor, uidor

Old Catalan: vuitubri, uitubri

Catalan: vuitubre (Eivissenc)

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: Otubar

Ladin: otober, utober

Romansch: october, otgover

Venetian: otobre
→ Cimbrian: otobre

West Iberian

Extremaduran: outubri, otubri

Aragonese: otubre

Old Leonese:

Asturian: ochobre

Mirandese: Outubre

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: oytubro, oitubro, oytubre, outubro
Galician: outubro
Portuguese: outubro (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: ochubre

Ladino: ochobre

Borrowings

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Ὀκτώβριος (Oktṓbrios), Ὀκτώμβριος (Oktṓmbrios)

Byzantine Greek: Ὀκτώβριος (Oktṓbrios)

Greek: Οκτώβριος (Októvrios), Οκτώβρης (Októvris)

→ Old East Slavic: октѧбрь (oktębrĭ)

Russian: октябрь (oktjabrʹ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: octombrie

desctree

→ Old Armenian: հոկտեմբեր (hoktember), ոկտոբռ (oktobṙ), ոկտոմբր (oktombr)
Armenian: հոկտեմբեր (hoktember)

→ Old Georgian: [Term?]

Georgian: ოქტომბერი (okṭomberi)

→ Middle High German: octōber

Alemannic German: Oktoober

Bavarian: Oktoba

Cimbrian: oktòbar

German: Oktober, October
→ Estonian: oktoober

Hunsrik: Oktover

Kölsch: Oktoober

Luxembourgish: Oktober

Pennsylvania German: Oktower

Yiddish: אָקטאָבער (oktober)

Romance

Aragonese: octubre (semi-learned)

Catalan: octubre

Ladino: oktubre (semi-learned)

Occitan: octobre

Old French: octobre
French: octobre
Guianese Creole: òktòb
Haitian Creole: oktòb
→ Iranian Persian: اکتبر (oktobr)
→ South Azerbaijani: اوْکتوْبر (oktobr)
→ Tunisian Arabic: أكتوبر (oktōbr)
Norman:
Cotentin: octobe
Jersey: octobre
Guernsey: octobre
Sark: oktobr
Walloon: octôbe
→ Middle English: October
English: October (see there for further descendants)
Scots: October

Spanish: octubre (semi-learned) (see there for further descendants)

→ Albanian: tetor (calque)

→ Cimbrian: achte maanont (calque)

Unsorted borrowings

Africa

Northern and Horn

Amharic: ኦክተውበር (ʾoktäwbär)

Kabyle: tuber

Somali: Oktoobar

Subsaharan

Ewe: Ɔktober

Malagasy: Oktobra

Tumbuka: okutobala

Wolof: Oktoobar

Americas

Greenlandic: oktobari

Inuktitut: ᐅᒃᑐᐳᕆ (oktopori)

Asia and Oceania

Central and Western Asia

Arabic: أكتوبر (ʔuktōbir,ʔuktōbar)

desc

Hebrew: אוקטובר

Hebrew: אוקטובר

South Asia

Dhivehi: އޮކްޓޫބަރު (ok̊ṭūbaru)

Kannada: ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್ (akṭōbar)

Marathi: ऑक्टोबर (ŏkṭobar)

Odia: ଅକ୍ଟୋବର (akṭobara)

Pashto: اکټوبر (akṭóbár)

Sinhalese: ඔක්තෝබර් (oktōbar)

Telugu: అక్టోబరు (akṭōbaru)

Southeast Asia and Oceania

Balinese: Oktober

Banjarese: Uktubir

Fijian: okotova

Gilbertese: Okitobwa

Gorontalo: Oktober

Gujarati: ઓક્ટોબર (okṭobar)

Javanese: Oktober

Minangkabau: Oktober

Samoan: oketopa

Sundanese: Oktober

Tahitian: ’ātopa

Europe

Hungarian: október

Baltic

Latvian: oktobris

Livonian: oktōbõr

Germanic

Danish: oktober

desctree

Dutch: oktober
Afrikaans: Oktober
Negerhollands: october
→ Caribbean Hindustani: aktobar
→ Indonesian: Oktober
→ Papiamentu: òktober
→ Trió: akëtopë

Dutch Low Saxon: oktober

Faroese: oktober

German Low German: Oktober

Icelandic: október

Limburgish: óktoeaber

North Frisian: oktuuber, uktoober

Norwegian: oktober

Saterland Frisian: Oktober

Swedish: oktober

West Flemish: oktober

West Frisian: oktober

Slavic

Bulgarian: октомври (oktomvri)

Lower Sorbian: oktober

Macedonian: октомври (oktomvri)

Carpathian Rusyn: октобер (oktober)

Serbo-Croatian: oktobar / октобар

Slovak: október

Slovene: oktober

Upper Sorbian: oktober

1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 293.
Die tercio octubris — on the third day of October


vomer

la-noun

vōmer m (genitive vōmeris); third declension

vōmer (canonical masculine)
vōmeris (genitive)
vōmer (nominative singular)
vōmerēs (nominative plural)
vōmeris (genitive singular)
vōmerum (genitive plural)
vōmerī (dative singular)
vōmeribus (dative plural)
vōmerem (accusative singular)
vōmerēs (accusative plural)
vōmere (ablative singular)
vōmeribus (ablative plural)
vōmer (singular vocative)
vōmerēs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: huembre

Aromanian: vomirã

Catalan: vòmer

English: vomer

French: vomer

Italian: vomere

Portuguese: vómer

Sicilian: vòmmiru

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to move”).

vomere findere terras


Cambyses

la-proper noun

Cambȳsēs m sg (genitive Cambȳsis); third declension

Cambȳsēs (canonical masculine singular)
Cambȳsis (genitive)
Cambȳsēs (nominative singular)
Cambȳsis (genitive singular)
Cambȳsī (dative singular)
Cambȳsem (accusative singular)
Cambȳse (ablative singular)
Cambȳsēs (singular vocative)
Cambȳsī (locative singular)
Cambȳse (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Καμβῡ́σης (Kambū́sēs).

A river in Albania, rising in the Caucasus and flowing into the Cyrus, now the river Iori

A river that flows into the Caspian Sea near the river Amardus


sors

la-noun

sors f (genitive sortis); third declension

sortis (genitive)
sors (nominative singular)
sortēs (nominative plural)
sortis (genitive singular)
sortium (genitive plural)
sortī (dative singular)
sortibus (dative plural)
sortem (accusative singular)
sortēs (accusative plural)
sortīs (accusative plural)
sorte (ablative singular)
sortī (ablative singular)
sortibus (ablative plural)
sors (singular vocative)
sortēs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: short

Aromanian: soarti, soarte

Asturian: suerte

Catalan: sort

Dalmatian: suart

⇒ English: sorcery

French: sort

Friulian: sorte

Galician: sorte

→ Hungarian: sors

Istriot: suorto

Italian: sorte

Neapolitan: ciorta

Norman: sort

Occitan: sòrt

desctree

Old French: sorte
→ English: sort
French: sorte
→ Central Franconian: Zoot, Zort (chiefly Moselle Franconian)
→ Danish: sort
→ German: Sorte
→ Russian: сорт (sort)
→ Yiddish: סאָרט (sort)
Norman: sorte
→ Scots: sort

Portuguese: sorte

Romanian: soartă, soarte

Romansch: sort

Sardinian: solte, solti, sorte, sorti

Sicilian: sorti

Spanish: suerte

Venetian: sòrt, sorte

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *sorticula

Catalan: sortilla

Old Galician-Portuguese: sortella

Galician: sortella

Old Spanish: sortija

Spanish: sortija

From Proto-Italic *sortis, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind”). Cognate with serō, seriēs, sermō.

“Lāocoōn, ductus Neptūnō sorte sacerdōs ….”
“Laocoön, chosen by lot [to be] the priest for Neptune ….” – Aeneas

a casting or drawing of lots, a decision by lot, by fate, or by allotment or share

oracular response (since many were written on lots)

tum, memor imperiī sortem cōnsistere in illō,

Then, mindful that imperial destiny depends upon it, he initiates an ingenious plan.

fate, destiny, chance, fortune, condition

(Medieval Latin) partitioning of an inheritance by lot

(Medieval Latin) share in an estate or inheritance, especially one divided by lot

(Medieval Latin, law) lands and easements attached to a property


mediator

la-noun

mediātor m (genitive mediātōris, feminine mediātrīx); third declension

mediātor (canonical masculine)
mediātōris (genitive)
mediātrīx (feminine)
mediātor (nominative singular)
mediātōrēs (nominative plural)
mediātōris (genitive singular)
mediātōrum (genitive plural)
mediātōrī (dative singular)
mediātōribus (dative plural)
mediātōrem (accusative singular)
mediātōrēs (accusative plural)
mediātōre (ablative singular)
mediātōribus (ablative plural)
mediātor (singular vocative)
mediātōrēs (plural vocative)

Venetian: mezzadro

→ Italian: mezzadro

→ Catalan: mediador

→ Danish: mediator

→ English: mediator

→ French: médiateur, médiator

→ Italian: mediatore

→ Polish: mediator

→ Portuguese: mediador

→ Romanian: mediator

→ Russian: медиа́тор (mediátor)

→ Spanish: mediador

[mɛd̪iˈäːt̪ɔr]

From mediō (“be in the middle”) + -tor, from medius (“middle”).


november

la-adj

november (feminine novembris, neuter novembre); third-declension three-termination adjective

novembris (feminine)
novembre (neuter)
november (masculine nominative singular)
novembris (feminine nominative singular)
novembre (neuter nominative singular)
novembrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
novembria (neuter nominative plural)
novembris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
novembrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
novembrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
novembribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
novembrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
novembre (accusative neuter singular)
novembrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
novembria (accusative neuter plural)
novembrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
novembribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
november (masculine singular vocative)
novembris (feminine singular vocative)
novembre (neuter singular vocative)
novembrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
novembria (neuter plural vocative)

By haplology from earlier *nove(m)-mēmbris (“of or pertaining to the ninth month”), from earlier *novem-mēnsris, from novem (“nine”) + *mēnsris, from mens- (“month”) + -ris. In the Roman calendar, the year began with mārtius (“March”), and november was the ninth month of the year.

Novembri mense ac Decembri per sementem quantum appetit bos.

4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica 6


november

la-noun

november m (genitive novembris); third declension

Franco-Provençal: novembro

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: novèmber, nuvèmber

Ligurian: novénbre

Lombard: nuember, noèmber

Piedmontese: novèmber

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: nuvembre, nuvembri, novembre

Italian: novembre
→ Cimbrian: novembre

Neapolitan: nuvèmbre

Tarantino: novèmmre

desc

Sicilian: nuvembri, nuvèmmiru, nuvèmmuru

→ Maltese: Novembru

desctree

Old French: novembre
Franc-Comtois: nôvembre
French: novembre
Guianese Creole: novanm
Haitian Creole: novanm
→ Iranian Persian: نوامبر (novâmbr)
→ South Azerbaijani: نوْوامبر (novambr)
→ Tunisian Arabic: نوفمبر (novōmbr)
Norman:
Cotentin: novembe
Guernsey: novembre
Jersey: Novembre
Sark: novãbr
Walloon: nôvimbe
→ Middle English: Novembre
English: November (see there for further descendants)
Scots: November

Old Occitan:

Gascon: noveme

Occitan: novembre

Old Catalan: noembre

Catalan: novembre

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: Novembar

Ladin: november, nuvember

Romansch: november

Venetian: novenbre

West Iberian

Extremaduran: noviembri

Aragonese: noviembre

Old Leonese:

Asturian: noviembre

Mirandese: Nobembre

Old Galician-Portuguese: novembro, novenbro, novembre
Galician: novembro
Portuguese: novembro (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish:

Ladino: noviembre, novyembre

Spanish: noviembre (see there for further descendants)

→ Koine Greek: Νοέμβριος (Noémbrios)
Greek: Νοέμβριος (Noémvrios), Νοέμβρης (Noémvris)
→ Old Armenian: նոյեմբեր (noyember), նոյենբեր (noyenber), նովեմբեր (november) (partially)
Armenian: նոյեմբեր (noyember)
→ Georgian: ნოემბერი (noemberi)
→ Aromanian: Nuembru (partially)
→ Old Church Slavonic: ноѩбрь (nojębrĭ)
→ Old East Slavic: ноꙗбрь (nojabrĭ)
Russian: ноябрь (nojabrʹ) (see there for further descendants)
→ Romanian: noiembrie
→ Coptic: ⲛⲟⲉⲙⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ (noembrios)

→ Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂 (naubaimbair)

→ Albanian: nëntor (calque)

→ Cimbrian: nòinte maanont (calque)

Unsorted borrowings

Africa

Northern and Horn

Amharic: ኖቬምበር (novembär)

Egyptian Arabic: نوفمبر (novamber)

desc

Kabyle: wamber, nwamber, nunber, nunember

Somali: Nofeembar

Subsaharan

Ewe: Nɔvember

Malagasy: Novambra

Tumbuka: novembala

Wolof: Nowembar

Americas

Greenlandic: novembari

Inuktitut: ᓄᕕᒻᐳᕆ (nofimpori)

Asia and Oceania

Central and Western Asia

Arabic: نُوفِمْبِر (nūfimbir)

Hebrew: נובמבר (novémber)

South Asia

Kannada: ನವೆಂಬರ್ (navembar)

Odia: ନଭେମ୍ବର (nabhembara)

Pashto: نومبر (nowambár)

Sinhalese: නොවැම්බර් (nowæmbar)

Tamil: நவம்பர் (navampar)

Telugu: నవంబరు (navambaru)

Urdu: نومبر (navambar)

Southeast Asia and Oceania

Balinese: Nopémber

Banjarese: Nupimbir

Fijian: Noveba

Gilbertese: Nobembwa

Gorontalo: Nopember

Minangkabau: Nopember

Samoan: novema

Sundanese: Nopémber

Tahitian: novema

Europe

Hungarian: november

Baltic

Latvian: novembris

Livonian: novembõr

Germanic

Alemannic German: Novämber

Bavarian: Novemba

Cimbrian: november

Danish: november

desctree

Dutch: november
Afrikaans: November
Negerhollands: november
→ Caribbean Hindustani: nowambar
→ Caribbean Javanese: Nopèmber
→ Indonesian: November
→ Papiamentu: novèmber, november
→ Trió: nopenpë

Dutch Low Saxon: november

Faroese: november

German: November
→ Estonian: november
→ Kashubian: nowember

German Low German: November

Icelandic: nóvember

Kölsch: Novemmber, Novvämmbe, Novëmmbo

Limburgish: nevèmber

Luxembourgish: November

North Frisian: nofember, nowämber

Norwegian: november

Pennsylvania German: November

Swedish: november

West Flemish: November

West Frisian: novimber

Yiddish: נאָוועמבער (november)

Slavic

Bulgarian: ноември (noemvri)

Lower Sorbian: nowember

Macedonian: ноември (noemvri)

Carpathian Rusyn: новембер (november)

Serbo-Croatian: novembar / новембар

Slovak: november

Slovene: november

Upper Sorbian: nowember

1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 303.
Die septimo nouembris


september

la-adj

september (feminine septembris, neuter septembre); third-declension three-termination adjective

septembris (feminine)
septembre (neuter)
september (masculine nominative singular)
septembris (feminine nominative singular)
septembre (neuter nominative singular)
septembrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
septembria (neuter nominative plural)
septembris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
septembrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
septembrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
septembribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
septembrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
septembre (accusative neuter singular)
septembrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
septembria (accusative neuter plural)
septembrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
septembribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
september (masculine singular vocative)
septembris (feminine singular vocative)
septembre (neuter singular vocative)
septembrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
septembria (neuter plural vocative)

By haplology from earlier *septemo-mēmbris (“of or pertaining to the seventh month”), from Proto-Italic *septemo-mēnzris, from septem (“seven”) + *mēnsris, from mens- (“month”) + -ris. In the Roman calendar, the year began with mārtius (“March”), and september was the seventh month of the year.

cum Romae a iudiciis forum refrixerit, excurremus mense septembri legati ad Pisonem, ut ianuario revertamur.

106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Letters to Atticus I.1.10


september

la-noun

september m (genitive septembris); third declension

septembris (genitive)
september (nominative singular)
septembrēs (nominative plural)
septembris (genitive singular)
septembrum (genitive plural)
septembrī (dative singular)
septembribus (dative plural)
septembrem (accusative singular)
septembrēs (accusative plural)
septembre (ablative singular)
septembribus (ablative plural)
september (singular vocative)
septembrēs (plural vocative)

Franco-Provençal: septembro

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: setèmber

Ligurian: settembre

Lombard: setember

Piedmontese: sëtembr, sëtèmber

Italo-Dalmatian

desc

Corsican: settembre, sittembri, sittembru

Italian: settembre

Neapolitan: settiembre, settembre

Tarantino: settèmmre

desctree

Sicilian: sittèmmiru, sittembri
→ Maltese: Settembru (from the variant sittembru)

Old French: setembre, sietembre, septembre, septenbre
Norman: setembre, s'tembre
Walloon: setimbe
→ Old English: september
Middle English: Septembre, September, Septenbre
English: September (see there for further descendants)
Scots: September

Old Occitan:

Gascon: seteme

Catalan: setembre

Occitan: setembre

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: Setembar

Ladin: setember

desc

Romansch: settember, satember (Sutsilvan)

Venetian: setenbre

West Iberian

Extremaduran: setiembri

Aragonese: setiembre

Old Leonese:

Asturian: setiembre

Leonese: setiembre

Mirandese: Setembre

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: setembro, setenbro, setenbre
Galician: setembro
Portuguese: setembro (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish:

Ladino: septembre / סיפטימברי

Spanish: setiembre; septiembre (semi-learned) (see there for further descendants)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Σεπτέμβριος (Septémbrios) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ French: septembre
Guianese Creole: sèptanm
Haitian Creole: septanm
→ Iranian Persian: سپتامبر (septâmbr)
→ South Azerbaijani: سئپتامبر (septambr)
→ Tunisian Arabic: سبتمبر (septōmbr)

→ Middle High German: september

Alemannic German: Septämber

Bavarian: Septemba

desc

Cimbrian: septembar, septembre (Luserna)

desctree

German: September
→ Estonian: september
→ Kashubian: zeptember

Hunsrik: September

Kölsch: Sepptämmber

Luxembourgish: September

Pennsylvania German: September

Yiddish: סעפּטעמבער (september)

→ Norman:

Jersey: september

Guernsey: séptember

Sark: septãb

→ Albanian: shtator (calque)

→? Albanian: britm

→ Cimbrian: zibante maanont (calque)

Unsorted borrowings

Africa

Northern and Horn

Amharic: ሰፕቴምበር (säptembär)

Egyptian Arabic: سبتمبر (septamber)

Kabyle: ctember

Somali: Septeembar

Subsaharan

Ewe: September

Igbo: Septemba

Malagasy: Septambra

Tumbuka: seputembala

Wolof: Sattumbar

Americas

Greenlandic: septembari

Inuktitut: ᓯᑎᒻᐳᕆ (sitimpori)

Asia and Oceania

Central and Western Asia

Arabic: سبتمبر (sibtimbir)

Hebrew: ספטמבר (septémber)

South Asia

Assamese: ছেপ্টেম্বৰ (septembor)

desc

ސެޕްޓެމްބަރު

Dhivehi: ސެޕްޓެމްބަރު (sepṭem̊baru)

Kannada: ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ (sepṭembar)

Malayalam: സെപ്റ്റംബർ (sepṟṟambaṟ)

Odia: ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର (sepṭembara)

Pashto: ستمبر (setámbr), سپتامبر (septãmbár), سپتمبر (septambár)

Sinhalese: සැප්තැම්බර් (sæptæmbar)

Tamil: செப்டம்பர் (cepṭampar)

Telugu: సెప్టెంబరు (sepṭembaru)

Southeast Asia and Oceania

Balinese: Séptémber

Banjarese: Siptimbir

Chamorro: Septembre

Fijian: Sepiteba

Gilbertese: Tebetembwa

Gorontalo: September

Javanese: Sèptèmber

Minangkabau: September

Samoan: setema

Sundanese: Séptémber

Tahitian: tetepa

Europe

Hungarian: szeptember

Baltic

Latvian: septembris

Livonian: septembõr

Germanic

Danish: september

desctree

Dutch: september
Afrikaans: September
Negerhollands: september
→? Caribbean Hindustani: sitambar
→ Indonesian: September
→ Papiamentu: sèptèmber
→ Trió: sepenpë

Dutch Low Saxon: september

Faroese: september

German Low German: September

Icelandic: september

Limburgish: septèmber

North Frisian: september, septämber

Norwegian: september

Saterland Frisian: September

Swedish: september

West Flemish: september

West Frisian: septimber

Dalecarlian: ᛁᛆᚠᛐᛆᛘᛒᛆᚱ, ᛌᛆᚠᛐᛘᛒᚱ (seftember)

Slavic

Bulgarian: септември (septemvri)

Lower Sorbian: september

Macedonian: септември (septemvri)

Carpathian Rusyn: септембер (september)

Serbo-Croatian: septembar / септембар

Slovak: september

Slovene: september

Upper Sorbian: september

1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 287.
Die quarto septembris


bison

la-noun

bisōn m (genitive bisōntis); third declension

bisōn (canonical masculine)
bisōntis (genitive)
bisōn (nominative singular)
bisōntēs (nominative plural)
bisōntis (genitive singular)
bisōntum (genitive plural)
bisōntī (dative singular)
bisōntibus (dative plural)
bisōntem (accusative singular)
bisōntēs (accusative plural)
bisōnte (ablative singular)
bisōntibus (ablative plural)
bisōn (singular vocative)
bisōntēs (plural vocative)

1st century; together with Ancient Greek βίσων (bísōn) (2nd century; cf. modern Greek βίσονας (vísonas)) borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wisundaz (“bison, wisent”).

bor

Bison bonasus
Bison bonasus#Translingual


december

la-adj

december (feminine decembris, neuter decembre); third-declension three-termination adjective

decembris (feminine)
decembre (neuter)
december (masculine nominative singular)
decembris (feminine nominative singular)
decembre (neuter nominative singular)
decembrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
decembria (neuter nominative plural)
decembris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
decembrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
decembrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
decembribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
decembrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
decembre (accusative neuter singular)
decembrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
decembria (accusative neuter plural)
decembrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
decembribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
december (masculine singular vocative)
decembris (feminine singular vocative)
decembre (neuter singular vocative)
decembrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
decembria (neuter plural vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: dicembre, decembre, dicembri

Italian: dicembre

→ Emilian: dicèmber

→ Ligurian: dixénbre

→ Lombard: dicember

Neapolitan: deciémbro, dicèmbre

Tarantino: decèmmre

Sicilian: dicèmmiru, dicembri, dicembru

→ Maltese: Diċembru

Padanian:

Emilian: dzèmbar, gèmbar, giämbar

Friulian: dicembar

Ladin: dezember

Ligurian: dexénbre

Lombard: dezèmber, dezèmbre

desc

Piedmontese: dzèmber, dzèmbri, zèmbr, gèmbr

Emilian: dissèmbre, dissèmbar

Romansch: dezember, december (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader), schember, schiember (Sursilvan); dschember (Puter, Vallader)

desctree

Venetian: disenbre
→ Cimbrian: ditzembre

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: diciembre

Occitan: decembre

Gascon: deceme

desc

Old Catalan: decembre, dehembre, deembre

q

Influenced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="ca">desè</i>

Catalan: desembre (Influenced by desè)

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese:

Asturian: diciembre

Extremaduran: diziembri

Mirandese: dezembre

Old Spanish: deziembre, diziembre

Ladino: disiembre, dizyembre

Spanish: diciembre (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *decembriu

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: dècembro

Ibero-Romance:

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: dezembro, dezenbro
Galician: decembro
Portuguese: dezembro (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: Δεκέμβριος (Dekémbrios)

Greek: Δεκέμβριο (Dekémvrio), Δεκέμβρης (Dekémvris)

→ Old Church Slavonic: декѧбрь (dekębrĭ)

→ Old East Slavic: декѧбрь (dekębrĭ)

Russian: декабрь (dekabrʹ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Aromanian: dechemvriu

→ Romanian: decemvrie

desctree

→ Old Armenian: դեկտեմբեր (dektember)
Armenian: դեկտեմբեր (dektember)

→ Old French: decembre
Franc-Comtois: décembre
French: décembre
Guianese Creole: désanm
Haitian Creole: desanm
→ Iranian Persian: دسامبر (desâmbr)
→ South Azerbaijani: دئسامبر (desambr)
→ Tunisian Arabic: ديسمبر (desōmbr)
Norman:
Cotentin: décembe
Guernsey: décembre
Jersey: Dézembre
Sark: dezãb
Walloon: decimbe
→ Middle English: Decembre
English: December, Decembre (obsolete); Dec., Dec, Dc (abbreviations)
Bislama: desemba
Pitcairn-Norfolk: Disemba
Tok Pisin: Desemba
→ Bengali: ডিসেম্বর (ḍiśembor)
→ Burmese: ဒီဇင်ဘာ (dijangbha)
→ Chichewa: Disembala
→ Dari: دسمبر (desembar)
→ Dhivehi: ޑިސެމްބަރު (ḍisem̊baru)
→ Hausa: Disamba
→ Hawaiian: Kēkēmapa
→ Hindi: दिसंबर (disambar)
→ Malay: Disember
→ Maori: Tīhema
→ Marathi: डिसेंबर (ḍisembar)
→ Swahili: Desemba, Disemba
→ Tokelauan: Tēhema
Scots: December

→ Romanian: decembrie

→ Albanian: dhjetor (calque)

→ Cimbrian: sègante maanont (calque)

Unsorted borrowings

Africa

Northern and Horn

Amharic: ዲሴምበር (disembär)

Kabyle: dujember

Somali: Diseembar

Subsaharan

Ewe: Dezember

Igbo: Disemba

Kongo: desembele

Lingala: dɛsɛ́mbɛ

Malagasy: Desambra

Tumbuka: disembala

Wolof: Disembar

Americas

Greenlandic: decembari

Inuktitut: ᑎᓯᒻᐳᕆ (tisimpori)

Asia and Oceania

Central and Western Asia

Arabic: دِيسَمْبَر (dīsambar)

Georgian: დეკემბერი (deḳemberi)

Hebrew: דצמבר (detzémber)

South Asia

Gujarati: ડિસેમ્બર (ḍisembar)

Kannada: ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ (ḍisembar)

Odia: ଡିସେମ୍ବର (ḍisembara)

desc

Pashto: سامبر (disãmbar), دسمبر (desambar)

Sinhalese: දෙසැම්බර් (desæmbar)

Tamil: டிசம்பர் (ṭicampar)

Telugu: డిసెంబరు (ḍisembaru)

Southeast Asia and Oceania

Balinese: Désémber

Banjarese: Disimbir

Fijian: Tiseba

Gilbertese: Ritembwa

Gorontalo: Desember

Javanese: Dhésèmber

Minangkabau: Desember

Samoan: tesema

Sundanese: Désémber

Tahitian: tītema

Europe

Hungarian: december

Baltic

Latvian: decembris

Livonian: detsembõr

Germanic

Alemannic German: Dezämber

Bavarian: Dezemba

Cimbrian: disèmber

Danish: december

desctree

Dutch: december
Afrikaans: Desember
Negerhollands: december
→ Caribbean Hindustani: desambar
→ Caribbean Javanese: désèmber
→ Indonesian: Desember
→ Papiamentu: desèmber
→ Trió: risenpë

Dutch Low Saxon: december

Faroese: desember

German: Dezember, December (obsolete); Dec., Xber (abbreviation, obsolete); Dez. (abbreviation)
→ Estonian: detsember
→ Kashubian: december
→ Hebrew: דצמבר (detsémber)

German Low German: Dezember

Icelandic: desember

Kölsch: Dezemmber, Dezämber, Dezämmbo

Limburgish: dieëtsember, desember

Luxembourgish: Dezember

North Frisian: deetsember, detsämber

Norwegian: desember

Pennsylvania German: Dezember, Disember

Saterland Frisian: Dezember

Swedish: december

West Flemish: december

West Frisian: desimber

Yiddish: דעצעמבער (detsember)

Slavic

Bulgarian: декември (dekemvri)

Lower Sorbian: december

Macedonian: декември (dekemvri)

Carpathian Rusyn: децембер (december)

Serbo-Croatian: decembar / децембар

Slovak: december

Slovene: december

Upper Sorbian: december

By syncope from earlier *decumo-mēmbris, analogically to septem : september, from earlier *decumo-mēnsris "of the tenth month", from the ordinal stem decem (“ten”) + *mēnsris, from mens- (“month”) + -ris. In the Roman calendar, the year began with mārtius (“March”), and december was the tenth month of the year.

59 B.C.E. - 17 C.E. — Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, Book XXII
postremo decembri iam mense ad aedem Saturni Romae immolatum est.
finally in the middle of the month of December there was a sacrifice at the Temple of Saturn.

1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 310.
Die tercio decembris — On the third day of December


divisor

la-noun

dīvīsor m (genitive dīvīsōris); third declension

dīvīsor (canonical masculine)
dīvīsōris (genitive)
dīvīsor (nominative singular)
dīvīsōrēs (nominative plural)
dīvīsōris (genitive singular)
dīvīsōrum (genitive plural)
dīvīsōrī (dative singular)
dīvīsōribus (dative plural)
dīvīsōrem (accusative singular)
dīvīsōrēs (accusative plural)
dīvīsōre (ablative singular)
dīvīsōribus (ablative plural)
dīvīsor (singular vocative)
dīvīsōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: divisor

French: diviseur

Galician: divisor

Italian: divisore

Occitan: divisor

Portuguese: divisor

Spanish: divisor


cutis

cutis f (genitive cutis); third declension

cutis (genitive)
cutis (nominative singular)
cutēs (nominative plural)
cutis (genitive singular)
cutium (genitive plural)
cutī (dative singular)
cutibus (dative plural)
cutem (accusative singular)
cutim (accusative singular)
cutēs (accusative plural)
cutīs (accusative plural)
cute (ablative singular)
cutī (ablative singular)
cutibus (ablative plural)
cutis (singular vocative)
cutēs (plural vocative)

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: cote (Panticuto)

Gascon: cot, coth

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cutica

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: còdga, cudga

Ligurian: coîga, coêiga, coia

Lombard: codega, codga, codia; coiga (Ossolano)

Romagnol: còdga, codeina

Italian: cotechino

Italo-Dalmatian

Central Italian: cotica

Neapolitan: coteca

⇒ Venetian: códego m

→ Cimbrian: kódego

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cutina

Gallo-Italic

Piedmontese: cotna, cona

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: couèna

French: couenne

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: cotenna

Neapolitan: còtena

Sicilian: cùtini

Occitano-Romance

Catalan: cotna, corna

Occitan: codena

Gascon: cotia

Bigorrés: corna

Vivaro-Alpine: coena, coina

West Iberian

Galician: codia, coda

Portuguese: côdea

From Proto-Italic *kutis, from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-t-, zero-grade form of *(s)kewH- (“to cover”) without s-mobile.
Cognates include Ancient Greek σκύλος (skúlos, “hide”), Welsh cwd (“scrotum”), Lithuanian kutỹs (“purse”), Old English hȳd (English hide), Old English scēo (“sky”) (English sky), German Haut (“skin”), German Hoden (“scrotum”) and Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunā́ti, “to cover”). Related to culus.


vox

la-noun

vōx f (genitive vōcis); third declension

vōx (canonical feminine)
vōcis (genitive)
vōx (nominative singular)
vōcēs (nominative plural)
vōcis (genitive singular)
vōcum (genitive plural)
vōcī (dative singular)
vōcibus (dative plural)
vōcem (accusative singular)
vōcēs (accusative plural)
vōce (ablative singular)
vōcibus (ablative plural)
vōx (singular vocative)
vōcēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: boatsi, boatse, botsi

Asturian: voz

Catalan: veu

Corsican: boce, voce

Dalmatian: baud

→ Esperanto: voĉo

Old French: vois, voiz

Anglo-Norman: voiz, voys, voice

→ Middle English: voice, voys, vois

English: voice

Middle French: voix

French: voix

Norman: vouaix

Walloon: vwès

Istriot: boûz, vuze

Italian: voce

Neapolitan: voce

Occitan: votz

Old Galician-Portuguese: voz

Galician: voz

Portuguese: voz

Old Spanish: voz

Ladino: boz

Spanish: voz

→ Basque: boz

Piedmontese: vus

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: vôs

Romansch: vusch

Romanian: boace; → voce

desc

Sardinian: boche, voche, boghe, voghe, boxi

Sicilian: vuci

Venetian: vóxe

From Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”) (with stem vōc- for voqu- from the nominative case), an o-grade root noun of *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Cognates include Sanskrit वाच् (vā́c), Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps), and Albanian ves.

der

Nulla tamen vox est ab eis audita

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.17

speech, remark, expression, (turn of) phrase

(grammar) voice; indicating the relation of the subject of the verb to the action which the verb expresses


dermatitis

la-noun

dermatītis f (genitive dermatītidis); third declension

dermatītis (canonical feminine)
dermatītidis (genitive)
dermatītis (nominative singular)
dermatītidēs (nominative plural)
dermatītidis (genitive singular)
dermatītidum (genitive plural)
dermatītidī (dative singular)
dermatītidibus (dative plural)
dermatītidem (accusative singular)
dermatītidēs (accusative plural)
dermatītide (ablative singular)
dermatītidibus (ablative plural)
dermatītis (singular vocative)
dermatītidēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek δερματῖτις (dermatîtis).


lapis lazuli

lapis lazulī m (genitive lapidis lazulī); third declension

lapis lazulī (canonical masculine)
lapidis lazulī (genitive)
lapis lazulī (nominative singular)
lapidēs lazulī (nominative plural)
lapidis lazulī (genitive singular)
lapidum lazulī (genitive plural)
lapidī lazulī (dative singular)
lapidibus lazulī (dative plural)
lapidem lazulī (accusative singular)
lapidēs lazulī (accusative plural)
lapide lazulī (ablative singular)
lapidibus lazulī (ablative plural)
lapis lazulī (singular vocative)
lapidēs lazulī (plural vocative)

[ˈɫ̪äpɪs̠ ˈɫ̪äz̪d̪͡z̪ʊlʲiː]


caput

caput n (genitive capitis); third declension

capitis (genitive)
caput (nominative singular)
capita (nominative plural)
capitis (genitive singular)
capitum (genitive plural)
capitī (dative singular)
capitibus (dative plural)
caput (accusative singular)
capita (accusative plural)
capite (ablative singular)
capitibus (ablative plural)
caput (singular vocative)
capita (plural vocative)

Direct reflexes:

Sardinian: cabudu, cabude, cabide

⇒ Vulgar Latin: capus (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ English: caput

→ Portuguese: caput

Reflexes of capita and, via back-formation, a new singular *capitum:

Balkans:

Aromanian: capiti; capit, capitu

Istro-Romanian: cåpete

Megleno-Romanian: capiti

Romanian: capete, capăt

Italy and environs:

Central Italian: capita; capitu, capito

Lombard: caved

Sardinian: cabida

From *capucla, feminine of *capuclum, for *caputulum:

Italian: capocchia

From *caputia:

Italian: capoccia

From Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *káput-. Cognates include German Haupt and English head.

(poetic) The head as the seat of the understanding.

(transferred sense) (of inanimate things):

(in general) The head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end).

nunc ad aquae lēne caput sacrae.

The origin, source, spring (head). (of rivers)

(rare, of rivers) The mouth, embouchure.

(of inanimate things):
The mouth, embouchure.

(of inanimate things):
(of trees) The summit, top.

“… mē puer Ascanius capitisque iniūria cārī,

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.354–355

“[I consider] my son Ascanius, and my wronging of his dear life’s summit, [how] I deprive him of his Hesperian kingdom and destined fields.”
(Ascanius will become a legendary king and ancestor of the gens Julia.)

quem rēgnō Hesperiae fraudō et fātālibus arvīs.”

caput rerum

ut mea Rōma caput orbis terrārum sit

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 1.16

Rōmam caput Latiō esse

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 8.4

(very frequently) The first or chief person or thing; the head, leader, chief, guide, capital.

capita rerum

(writing) A division, section, paragraph, chapter.

caput ulnae

(New Latin, anatomy) A headlike protuberance on an organ or body part, usually bone.

(New Latin, pathology) A disease; a severe swelling of the soft tissues of a newborn's scalp that develops as the baby travels through the birth canal.


calor

calor m (genitive calōris); third declension

calōris (genitive)
calor (nominative singular)
calōrēs (nominative plural)
calōris (genitive singular)
calōrum (genitive plural)
calōrī (dative singular)
calōribus (dative plural)
calōrem (accusative singular)
calōrēs (accusative plural)
calōre (ablative singular)
calōribus (ablative plural)
calor (singular vocative)
calōrēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: cãloari, cãroari

Asturian: calor

Catalan: calor

English: calorie

Franco-Provençal: chalor

Old French: chalor, calor, calur

French: chaleur

Angevin: chalour

Gallo: chalour

Lorrain: tchalour

Norman: caleur

Picard: caleur

Walloon: tchåleur

Friulian: calôr

→ Galician: calor

→ Indonesian: kalor

Italian: calore

Megleno-Romanian: căloari

Norman: chaleu (Jersey)

Occitan: calor, chalor

Piedmontese: calor

→ Portuguese: calor (see there for further descendants)

Romansch: chalur

Sardinian: calore

Sicilian: caluri, calura

Spanish: calor

Venetian: całor

Walloon: tcholeur

From caleō (“I am warm, hot; glow”) + -or.


eczema

eczema n (genitive eczematis); third declension

eczematis (genitive)
eczema (nominative singular)
eczemata (nominative plural)
eczematis (genitive singular)
eczematum (genitive plural)
eczematī (dative singular)
eczematibus (dative plural)
eczema (accusative singular)
eczemata (accusative plural)
eczemate (ablative singular)
eczematibus (ablative plural)
eczema (singular vocative)
eczemata (plural vocative)

→ English: eczema (learned)

→ Ukrainian: екзе́ма (ekzéma) (learned)

[ˈɛɡd̪͡z̪ɛmä]

[ˈɛɡd̪͡z̪emä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἔκζεμᾰ (ékzema).


quincunx

la-noun

quīncū̆nx m (genitive quīncū̆ncis); third declension

quīncū̆nx (canonical masculine)
quīncū̆ncis (genitive)
quīncū̆nx (nominative singular)
quīncū̆ncēs (nominative plural)
quīncū̆ncis (genitive singular)
quīncū̆ncium (genitive plural)
quīncū̆ncī (dative singular)
quīncū̆ncibus (dative plural)
quīncū̆ncem (accusative singular)
quīncū̆ncēs (accusative plural)
quīncū̆ncīs (accusative plural)
quīncū̆nce (ablative singular)
quīncū̆ncibus (ablative plural)
quīncū̆nx (singular vocative)
quīncū̆ncēs (plural vocative)

English: quincunx

French: quinconce

German: Quinkunx

Spanish: quincunce

[ˈkʷiːŋkʊŋks̠]

quīnque + uncia, literally 'five twelfths' in reference to a coin issued by the Roman Republic c. 211–200 BC, featuring a 5-dot pattern. Its value was five twelfths (quinque and uncia) of an as, the Roman standard bronze coin.


python

pȳthon m (genitive pȳthōnis, feminine pȳthōnissa); third declension

pȳthon (canonical masculine)
pȳthōnis (genitive)
pȳthōnissa (feminine)
pȳthon (nominative singular)
pȳthōnēs (nominative plural)
pȳthōnis (genitive singular)
pȳthōnum (genitive plural)
pȳthōnī (dative singular)
pȳthōnibus (dative plural)
pȳthōnem (accusative singular)
pȳthōnēs (accusative plural)
pȳthōne (ablative singular)
pȳthōnibus (ablative plural)
pȳthon (singular vocative)
pȳthōnēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek Πύθων (Púthōn), the name of the mythological enormous serpent at Delphi slain by Apollo, probably from Πυθώ (Puthṓ), older name of Delphi.


Abel

la-proper noun

Abē̆l m sg (variously declined, genitive Abē̆lis or Abē̆l); indeclinable, third declension

Abē̆l (canonical masculine singular)
Abē̆lis (genitive)
Abē̆l (genitive)
Abē̆l (nominative singular)
Abē̆lis (genitive singular)
Abē̆l (genitive singular)
Abē̆lī (dative singular)
Abē̆l (dative singular)
Abē̆lem (accusative singular)
Abē̆l (accusative singular)
Abē̆le (ablative singular)
Abē̆l (ablative singular)
Abē̆l (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἅβελ (Hábel), itself from Biblical Hebrew הֶ֫בֶל (heḇel). The vowel, while short by etymology, is shown to be carrying stress by the descended Italian Abele and Spanish Abel.


navigator

la-noun

nāvigātor m (genitive nāvigātōris); third declension

nāvigātor (canonical masculine)
nāvigātōris (genitive)
nāvigātor (nominative singular)
nāvigātōrēs (nominative plural)
nāvigātōris (genitive singular)
nāvigātōrum (genitive plural)
nāvigātōrī (dative singular)
nāvigātōribus (dative plural)
nāvigātōrem (accusative singular)
nāvigātōrēs (accusative plural)
nāvigātōre (ablative singular)
nāvigātōribus (ablative plural)
nāvigātor (singular vocative)
nāvigātōrēs (plural vocative)

French: navigateur

Italian: navigatore

Portuguese: navegador

Romanian: navigator

Spanish: navegador

Venetian: navigadóre

From nāvigō (“sail, navigate”) + -tor (agent noun suffix).


Styx

la-proper noun

Styx f sg (genitive Stygis or Stygos); third declension

Stygis (genitive)
Stygos (genitive)
Styx (nominative singular)
Stygos (genitive singular)
Stygis (genitive singular)
Stygī (dative singular)
Styga (accusative singular)
Stygem (accusative singular)
Styge (ablative singular)
Styx (singular vocative)


felix

la-adj

fēlīx (genitive fēlīcis, comparative fēlīcior, superlative fēlīcissimus, adverb fēlīciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

fēlīx (canonical)
fēlīcis (genitive)
fēlīcior (comparative)
fēlīcissimus (superlative)
fēlīciter (adverb)
fēlīx (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
fēlīcēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
fēlīcia (neuter nominative plural)
fēlīcis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
fēlīcium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
fēlīcī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
fēlīcibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
fēlīcem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
fēlīx (accusative neuter singular)
fēlīcēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
fēlīcia (accusative neuter plural)
fēlīcī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
fēlīcibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
fēlīx (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
fēlīcēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
fēlīcia (neuter plural vocative)

Old Galician-Portuguese: fiiz

Romanian: ferice

→ Asturian: feliz

→ Catalan: feliç

→ Friulian: feliç

desctree

→ Italian: felice, filice (obsolete)
→ Esperanto: feliĉa
→ Sardinian: felitze

→ Mirandese: feliç

→ Portuguese: feliz

→ Galician: feliz

→ Sicilian: filici

→ Spanish: feliz

→ Venetian: felise

From Proto-Italic *fēlwiks, from earlier *θēlwiks, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-lw-i-k-s, from *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suckle”).

auspicious, favorable, of good omen or luck

(religion, archaic) of the noble fruits offered to the deities


tigris

la-noun

tigris m (genitive tigris or tigridis); third declension

tigris (genitive)
tigridis (genitive)
tigris (nominative singular)
tigrēs (nominative plural)
tigridēs (nominative plural)
tigris (genitive singular)
tigridis (genitive singular)
tigrium (genitive plural)
tigridum (genitive plural)
tigrī (dative singular)
tigridī (dative singular)
tigribus (dative plural)
tigridibus (dative plural)
tigrim (accusative singular)
tigrin (accusative singular)
tigrem (accusative singular)
tigridem (accusative singular)
tigrēs (accusative plural)
tigrīs (accusative plural)
tigridēs (accusative plural)
tigrī (ablative singular)
tigride (ablative singular)
tigribus (ablative plural)
tigridibus (ablative plural)
tigris (singular vocative)
tigrēs (plural vocative)
tigridēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: tigru

Catalan: tigre

French: tigre

Italian: tigre

Portuguese: tigre

Romanian: tigru

Sicilian: trighi

Spanish: tigre

→ Esperanto: tigro

→ Hungarian: tigris

→ Interlingua: tigre

→ Proto-West Germanic: *tīgr (see there for further descendants)

From Ancient Greek τίγρις (tígris, “tiger”), probably of Iranian origin.


incubo

incubō m (genitive incubōnis); third declension

incubō (canonical masculine)
incubōnis (genitive)
incubō (nominative singular)
incubōnēs (nominative plural)
incubōnis (genitive singular)
incubōnum (genitive plural)
incubōnī (dative singular)
incubōnibus (dative plural)
incubōnem (accusative singular)
incubōnēs (accusative plural)
incubōne (ablative singular)
incubōnibus (ablative plural)
incubō (singular vocative)
incubōnēs (plural vocative)

From incubō (“I lie upon, I brood over, I am a burden to”) + -ō.

affix

a spirit who watches over buried treasure


codex

la-noun

cōdex m (genitive cōdicis); third declension

cōdex (canonical masculine)
cōdicis (genitive)
cōdex (nominative singular)
cōdicēs (nominative plural)
cōdicis (genitive singular)
cōdicum (genitive plural)
cōdicī (dative singular)
cōdicibus (dative plural)
cōdicem (accusative singular)
cōdicēs (accusative plural)
cōdice (ablative singular)
cōdicibus (ablative plural)
cōdex (singular vocative)
cōdicēs (plural vocative)

Romansch: cudesch, cudisch, codesch

→ Catalan: codi

→ French: code (see there for further descendants)

→ Galician: código

→ Old Italian: codico

→ Portuguese: código

→ Spanish: código

→ Turkish: kütük

→ Afrikaans: kodeks

→ Albanian: kodik

→ Bulgarian: кодекс (kodeks)

→ Catalan: còdex

→ Czech: kodex

→ Danish: kodeks

→ Dutch: codex

→ English: codex

→ Esperanto: kodekso

→ Estonian: koodeks

→ Finnish: koodeksi

→ French: codex

→ Galician: códice

→ German: Kodex

→ Hebrew: קודקס

→ Hungarian: kódex

→ Ido: kodexo

→ Italian: codice

→ Lithuanian: kodeksas

→ Norwegian: kodeks

→ Occitan: codèx

→ Polish: kodeks

→ Portuguese: códex, códice

→ Romanian: codex, codice

→ Russian: ко́декс (kódeks)

→ Serbo-Croatian: кодекс

→ Sicilian: cùdici

→ Slovak: kódex

→ Spanish: códice

→ Swedish: kodex

→ Ukrainian: кодекс (kodeks)

→ Venetian: codexe

Originally an alternative form of caudex, showing 'rustic' monophthongization of /au̯/ to /oː/.

That was Claudius, who for this reason was called Caudex because a structure linking several wooden planks was called in antiquity a caudex. Hence too the Law Tables are called codices, and even today the boats which carry provisions up the Tiber are called by the old-fashioned name codicariae.

c. 49 CE, Seneca, De Brevitate Vitae (On the Shortness of Life) (in English), Penguin, page 21


meretrix

meretrīx f (genitive meretrīcis, masculine meretor); third declension

meretrīx (canonical feminine)
meretrīcis (genitive)
meretor (masculine)
meretrīx (nominative singular)
meretrīcēs (nominative plural)
meretrīcis (genitive singular)
meretrīcum (genitive plural)
meretrīcī (dative singular)
meretrīcibus (dative plural)
meretrīcem (accusative singular)
meretrīcēs (accusative plural)
meretrīce (ablative singular)
meretrīcibus (ablative plural)
meretrīx (singular vocative)
meretrīcēs (plural vocative)

Old Lombard: meltris

Old French: meautris

Occitan: meltris

→ Old English: myltestre, miltestre

→ Catalan: meretriu

→ English: meretrix

→ Galician: meretriz

→ Italian: meretrice

→ Portuguese: meretriz

→ Sicilian: miritrici

→ Spanish: meretriz

From mereō (“to earn (a living)”) + -trīx (“agent noun suffix”), literally “the earner”.


assis

la-noun

assis m (genitive assis); third declension

assis (genitive)
assis (nominative singular)
assēs (nominative plural)
assis (genitive singular)
assium (genitive plural)
assī (dative singular)
assibus (dative plural)
assem (accusative singular)
assēs (accusative plural)
assīs (accusative plural)
asse (ablative singular)
assibus (ablative plural)
assis (singular vocative)
assēs (plural vocative)


Mars

la-proper noun

Mārs m sg (genitive Mārtis); third declension

Mārs (canonical masculine singular)
Mārtis (genitive)
Mārs (nominative singular)
Mārtis (genitive singular)
Mārtī (dative singular)
Mārtem (accusative singular)
Mārte (ablative singular)
Mārs (singular vocative)

Old Latin language
Proto-Italic language

From Old Latin Māvors, from Proto-Italic *Māwortis, or from Proto-Italic *Māmart-. If Māvors indeed comes from *Māmart-, the apparent change */-m-/ to */-w-/ is a unique and isolated change. Mamers was his Oscan name. He was also known as Marmor, Marmar and Maris, the latter from the Etruscan deity Maris. See also the Lapis Satricanus, where 𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓𐌕𐌄𐌆 (Mamartei) is attested.


Mars

la-noun

Mārs m (genitive Mārtis); third declension

Mārs (canonical masculine)
Mārtis (genitive)
Mārs (nominative singular)
Mārtēs (nominative plural)
Mārtis (genitive singular)
Mārtum (genitive plural)
Mārtī (dative singular)
Mārtibus (dative plural)
Mārtem (accusative singular)
Mārtēs (accusative plural)
Mārte (ablative singular)
Mārtibus (ablative plural)
Mārs (singular vocative)
Mārtēs (plural vocative)

French: Mars

Italian: Marte

Portuguese: Marte

Romanian: Marte

Sicilian: Marti

Spanish: Marte

→ Middle English: Mars

aequato Marte


emir

emīr m (genitive emīris); third declension

emīr (canonical masculine)
emīris (genitive)
emīr (nominative singular)
emīrēs (nominative plural)
emīris (genitive singular)
emīrum (genitive plural)
emīrī (dative singular)
emīribus (dative plural)
emīrem (accusative singular)
emīrēs (accusative plural)
emīre (ablative singular)
emīribus (ablative plural)
emīr (singular vocative)
emīrēs (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander, prince”).


synaeresis

la-noun

synaeresis f (genitive synaeresis or synaereseōs or synaeresios); third declension

synaeresis (genitive)
synaereseōs (genitive)
synaeresios (genitive)
synaeresis (nominative singular)
synaeresēs (nominative plural)
synaereseis (nominative plural)
synaeresis (genitive singular)
synaereseōs (genitive singular)
synaeresios (genitive singular)
synaeresium (genitive plural)
synaeresī (dative singular)
synaeresibus (dative plural)
synaeresim (accusative singular)
synaeresin (accusative singular)
synaeresem (accusative singular)
synaeresēs (accusative plural)
synaeresīs (accusative plural)
synaeresī (ablative singular)
synaerese (ablative singular)
synaeresibus (ablative plural)
synaeresis (singular vocative)
synaeresi (singular vocative)
synaeresēs (plural vocative)
synaereseis (plural vocative)

[s̠ʏˈnäe̯rɛs̠ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῠναίρεσῐς (sunaíresis).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:synaeresis.

synaeresis (contraction of two syllables into one)


lichen

līchēn m (genitive līchēnos or līchēnis); third declension

līchēn (canonical masculine)
līchēnos (genitive)
līchēnis (genitive)
līchēn (nominative singular)
līchēnes (nominative plural)
līchēnēs (nominative plural)
līchēnos (genitive singular)
līchēnis (genitive singular)
līchēnum (genitive plural)
līchēnī (dative singular)
līchēnibus (dative plural)
līchēna (accusative singular)
līchēnem (accusative singular)
līchēnas (accusative plural)
līchēnēs (accusative plural)
līchēne (ablative singular)
līchēnibus (ablative plural)
līchēn (singular vocative)
līchēnes (plural vocative)
līchēnēs (plural vocative)

English: lichen

French: lichen

Portuguese: líquen

Spanish: liquen

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λειχήν (leikhḗn).

bor+

(literally) a cryptogamic species of vegetation growing on trees, lichen

(transferred sense, medicine) an eruption on the skin of men and beasts, a tetter, ringworm

(and especially) a callous excrescence upon the leg of a horse, used as a medicine


syllepsis

la-noun

syllēpsis f (genitive syllēpsis or syllēpseōs or syllēpsios); third declension

syllēpsis (canonical feminine)
syllēpsis (genitive)
syllēpseōs (genitive)
syllēpsios (genitive)
syllēpsis (nominative singular)
syllēpsēs (nominative plural)
syllēpseis (nominative plural)
syllēpsis (genitive singular)
syllēpseōs (genitive singular)
syllēpsios (genitive singular)
syllēpsium (genitive plural)
syllēpsī (dative singular)
syllēpsibus (dative plural)
syllēpsim (accusative singular)
syllēpsin (accusative singular)
syllēpsem (accusative singular)
syllēpsēs (accusative plural)
syllēpsīs (accusative plural)
syllēpsī (ablative singular)
syllēpse (ablative singular)
syllēpsibus (ablative plural)
syllēpsis (singular vocative)
syllēpsi (singular vocative)
syllēpsēs (plural vocative)
syllēpseis (plural vocative)

→ English: syllepsis

→ German: Syllepse, Syllepsis

→ Polish: syllepsa, syllepsis

→ Portuguese: silepse (learned)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σύλληψις (súllēpsis), from συλλαμβάνω (sullambánō).


hilaris

la-adj

hilaris (neuter hilare, comparative hilarior, superlative hilarissimus, adverb hilarē or hilariter); third-declension two-termination adjective

hilare (neuter)
hilarior (comparative)
hilarissimus (superlative)
hilarē (adverb)
hilariter (adverb)
hilaris (feminine masculine nominative singular)
hilare (neuter nominative singular)
hilarēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
hilaria (neuter nominative plural)
hilaris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
hilarium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
hilarī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
hilaribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
hilarem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
hilare (accusative neuter singular)
hilarēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
hilarīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
hilaria (accusative neuter plural)
hilarī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
hilaribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
hilaris (feminine masculine singular vocative)
hilare (neuter singular vocative)
hilarēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
hilaria (neuter plural vocative)

French: hilare

Icelandic: Hilaríus m

Italian: ilare

Portuguese: hilário

Romanian: ilar

Sicilian: ìlari

English: hilarious

→ Cebuano: hilaryos

[ˈhɪɫ̪ärɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἱλαρός (hilarós, “cheerful, merry”), from ἵλαος (hílaos, “propitious, gracious, kind”).

bor+

Nātāle hilare!

cheerful, lively, light-hearted, merry, jovial


atrox

la-adj

atrōx (genitive atrōcis, comparative atrōcior, superlative atrōcissimus, adverb atrōciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

atrōx (canonical)
atrōcis (genitive)
atrōcior (comparative)
atrōcissimus (superlative)
atrōciter (adverb)
atrōx (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
atrōcēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
atrōcia (neuter nominative plural)
atrōcis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
atrōcium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
atrōcī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
atrōcibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
atrōcem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
atrōx (accusative neuter singular)
atrōcēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
atrōcia (accusative neuter plural)
atrōcī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
atrōcibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
atrōx (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
atrōcēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
atrōcia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: atroç

→ English: atrocious

→ French: atroce

Galician: atroz

Italian: atroce

→ Romanian: atroce

Portuguese: atroz

Spanish: atroz

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁tro-h₃kʷs (“having the appearance of fire”), from *h₂eh₁tro-, thematicized form of *h₂eh₁ter- (“fire”) (whence āter), + *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”) (whence oculus). The first root also gives the cognates Avestan 𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬱 (ātarš, “fire”), Umbrian 𐌀𐌈𐌓𐌖 (aθru), Oscan 𐌀𐌀𐌃𐌝𐌓𐌉𐌉𐌔 (aadíriis), Irish áith (“kiln”).


cicatrix

la-noun

cicātrīx f (genitive cicātrīcis); third declension

cicātrīx (canonical feminine)
cicātrīcis (genitive)
cicātrīx (nominative singular)
cicātrīcēs (nominative plural)
cicātrīcis (genitive singular)
cicātrīcum (genitive plural)
cicātrīcī (dative singular)
cicātrīcibus (dative plural)
cicātrīcem (accusative singular)
cicātrīcēs (accusative plural)
cicātrīce (ablative singular)
cicātrīcibus (ablative plural)
cicātrīx (singular vocative)
cicātrīcēs (plural vocative)

English: cicatrix, cicatrice

Catalan: cicatriu

Esperanto: cikatro

French: cicatrice

Galician: cicatriz

Italian: cicatrice

Portuguese: cicatriz

Romanian: cicatrice

Spanish: cicatriz

Unknown etymology, possibly from a substrate.


fellator

fēllātor m (genitive fēllātōris, feminine fēllātrīx); third declension

fēllātor (canonical masculine)
fēllātōris (genitive)
fēllātrīx (feminine)
fēllātor (nominative singular)
fēllātōrēs (nominative plural)
fēllātōris (genitive singular)
fēllātōrum (genitive plural)
fēllātōrī (dative singular)
fēllātōribus (dative plural)
fēllātōrem (accusative singular)
fēllātōrēs (accusative plural)
fēllātōre (ablative singular)
fēllātōribus (ablative plural)
fēllātor (singular vocative)
fēllātōrēs (plural vocative)


Aristoteles

la-proper noun

Aristotelēs m (genitive Aristotelis or Aristotelī); third declension

Aristotelēs (canonical masculine)
Aristotelis (genitive)
Aristotelī (genitive)
Aristotelēs (nominative singular)
Aristotelēs (nominative plural)
Aristotelis (genitive singular)
Aristotelī (genitive singular)
Aristotelum (genitive plural)
Aristotelī (dative singular)
Aristotelibus (dative plural)
Aristotelem (accusative singular)
Aristotelēn (accusative singular)
Aristotelēs (accusative plural)
Aristotele (ablative singular)
Aristotelibus (ablative plural)
Aristotelēs (singular vocative)
Aristotelēs (plural vocative)

[ärɪs̠ˈt̪ɔt̪ɛɫ̪eːs̠]

From Ancient Greek Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs, a proper name composed of ἄριστος (áristos, “best, excellent”) + τέλος (télos, “completion, perfection”) + -ης (-ēs)).

bor

Aristotle (384–322 BCE), Greek philosopher and polymath in Ancient Greece; pupil of Plato, tutor to Alexander the Great; founder of the Peripatetic school

Αριστοτέλης Αριστοτέλης#Greek

a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to Greek Αριστοτέλης (Aristotélis) or English Aristotle


incisor

la-noun

incīsor m (genitive incīsōris); third declension

incīsor (canonical masculine)
incīsōris (genitive)
incīsor (nominative singular)
incīsōrēs (nominative plural)
incīsōris (genitive singular)
incīsōrum (genitive plural)
incīsōrī (dative singular)
incīsōribus (dative plural)
incīsōrem (accusative singular)
incīsōrēs (accusative plural)
incīsōre (ablative singular)
incīsōribus (ablative plural)
incīsor (singular vocative)
incīsōrēs (plural vocative)

→ English: incisor

[ɪŋˈkiːs̠ɔr]

From incīdō (“to cut into, cut through”) + -tor (“-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).


congener

la-adj

congener (genitive congeneris); third-declension one-termination adjective

→ French: congénère (learned)

→ English: congener


sphincter

la-noun

sphinctēr m (genitive sphinctēris); third declension

sphinctēr (canonical masculine)
sphinctēris (genitive)
sphinctēr (nominative singular)
sphinctērēs (nominative plural)
sphinctēris (genitive singular)
sphinctērum (genitive plural)
sphinctērī (dative singular)
sphinctēribus (dative plural)
sphinctērem (accusative singular)
sphinctērēs (accusative plural)
sphinctēre (ablative singular)
sphinctēribus (ablative plural)
sphinctēr (singular vocative)
sphinctērēs (plural vocative)

→ English: sphincter

→ French: sphincter

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σφῐγκτήρ (sphinktḗr, “lace, band; contractile muscle”), from σφῐ́γγω (sphíngō, “to bind tight or fast”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, “-er, -or”, nominal suffix).

af

(anatomy) The sphincter, the muscle of the anus.


curator

la-noun

cūrātor m (genitive cūrātōris); third declension

cūrātor (canonical masculine)
cūrātōris (genitive)
cūrātor (nominative singular)
cūrātōrēs (nominative plural)
cūrātōris (genitive singular)
cūrātōrum (genitive plural)
cūrātōrī (dative singular)
cūrātōribus (dative plural)
cūrātōrem (accusative singular)
cūrātōrēs (accusative plural)
cūrātōre (ablative singular)
cūrātōribus (ablative plural)
cūrātor (singular vocative)
cūrātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Bulgarian: кура́тор (kurátor)

→ Byzantine Greek: κουράτωρ (kourátōr)

→ Catalan: curador

→ Czech: kurátor

→ Dutch: curator

→ English: curator

→ Finnish: kuraattori

→ French: curateur

→ Friulian: curadôr

→ Galician: curador

→ Georgian: კურატორი (ḳuraṭori)

→ German: Curator, Kurator

→ Italian: curatore

→ Macedonian: куратор (kurator)

→ Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kurator

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kurator

→ Polish: kurator

→ Portuguese: curador

→ Romanian: curator

→ Russian: кура́тор (kurátor)

→ Serbo-Croatian: kùrātor, ку̀ра̄тор

→ Spanish: curador

→ Crimean Tatar: kurator

who pays heed about the state of an object, warden, overseer, watchman, lookout

who procures an affair for somebody, agent, commissionary

specifically, who procures patrimonial matters of one who has been deemed incapable to procure them himself

(New Latin, Germany) the regulatory supervisor over a university


sudor

sūdor m (genitive sūdōris); third declension

sūdor (canonical masculine)
sūdōris (genitive)
sūdor (nominative singular)
sūdōrēs (nominative plural)
sūdōris (genitive singular)
sūdōrum (genitive plural)
sūdōrī (dative singular)
sūdōribus (dative plural)
sūdōrem (accusative singular)
sūdōrēs (accusative plural)
sūdōre (ablative singular)
sūdōribus (ablative plural)
sūdor (singular vocative)
sūdōrēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: asudoari, sudoari

Romanian: sudoare

Dalmatian:

sudaur

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: sudore, sudori (Ultramontan)

Italian: sudore

Sicilian: sudura, suduri

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: sori, sudore, sudori, suore, suori

North Italian: (forms with /d/ possibly Italianisms)

Friulian: sudôr

Istriot: sudur

Piedmontese: sudor

Romagnol: sudôr

Romansch: süur

Venetian: suor

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: suor

desctree

Old French: suor, sudor (archaic); suur (Anglo-Norman); sueur
French: sueur

Gascon: sudor

Occitan: susor, suor

Ibero-Romance:

→ Asturian: sudor

Galician: suor

Portuguese: suor

→ Spanish: sudor

From Proto-Indo-European *swoyd- (“to sweat”), *sweyd-. Cognates include Ancient Greek ἱδρώς (hidrṓs), Sanskrit स्वेदते (svedate) and Old English swāt (English sweat).

der

a. 420, Jerome, Epistulae; letter 14, 10


bitumen

la-noun

bitūmen n (genitive bitūminis); third declension

bitūmen (canonical neuter)
bitūminis (genitive)
bitūmen (nominative singular)
bitūmina (nominative plural)
bitūminis (genitive singular)
bitūminum (genitive plural)
bitūminī (dative singular)
bitūminibus (dative plural)
bitūmen (accusative singular)
bitūmina (accusative plural)
bitūmine (ablative singular)
bitūminibus (ablative plural)
bitūmen (singular vocative)
bitūmina (plural vocative)

Old Catalan: betum, bitum

desctree

Catalan: betum
→? Portuguese: betume
→ Spanish: betún

→ Old Spanish: betume

Franco-Provençal: bèton, blèton, bleton

Occitan: betum

Old French: betun

French: béton (see there for further descendants)

→ German: Bitumen

desc

→ Hebrew: בִּיטוּמֵן

→ Hebrew: בִּיטוּמֵן

→ Italian: bitume

→ Middle English: bethyn; bithumen, bitumen

English: bitumen

→ Middle French: bitume

French: bitume

→ English: bitume

→ Russian: би́тум m (bítum)

→ Yiddish: ביטומען (bitumen)

From *bitū + -men, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷétu (“resin, gum”), borrowed from an Osco-Umbrian language, though there exists the possiblity of a Celtic borrowing (compare Latin betulla, which is a Celtic borrowing from the same ultimate origin), where the shift of *gʷ > *b is regular. The raising of the first vowel might come from the Osco-Umbrian variety, or have been developed in Latin, as occasionally happens after labials; compare firmus, vitulus. Cognate with Scottish Gaelic bìth (“resin, gum”), English cud, Sanskrit जतु (jatu, “lac, gum”).


paries

la-noun

pariēs m (genitive parietis); third declension

pariēs (canonical masculine)
parietis (genitive)
pariēs (nominative singular)
parietēs (nominative plural)
parietis (genitive singular)
parietum (genitive plural)
parietī (dative singular)
parietibus (dative plural)
parietem (accusative singular)
parietēs (accusative plural)
pariete (ablative singular)
parietibus (ablative plural)
pariēs (singular vocative)
parietēs (plural vocative)

→ English: paries

From a Proto-Indo-European root shared with Old Norse sparri (“wall”), Old High German sparro, Russian у-пере́ть (u-perétʹ, “to support, to prop up”), and Old East Slavic пьрть (pĭrtĭ).


proboscis

la-noun

proboscis f (genitive proboscidis); third declension

proboscidis (genitive)
proboscis (nominative singular)
proboscidēs (nominative plural)
proboscidis (genitive singular)
proboscidum (genitive plural)
proboscidī (dative singular)
proboscidibus (dative plural)
proboscidem (accusative singular)
proboscidēs (accusative plural)
proboscide (ablative singular)
proboscidibus (ablative plural)
proboscis (singular vocative)
proboscidēs (plural vocative)

→ English: proboscis

Italian: proboscide

Portuguese: probóscide

Spanish: probóscide

From Ancient Greek προβοσκίς (proboskís).


apsis

apsis f (genitive apsīdis); third declension

apsīdis (genitive)
apsis (nominative singular)
apsīdēs (nominative plural)
apsīdis (genitive singular)
apsīdum (genitive plural)
apsīdī (dative singular)
apsīdibus (dative plural)
apsīdem (accusative singular)
apsīdēs (accusative plural)
apsīde (ablative singular)
apsīdibus (ablative plural)
apsis (singular vocative)
apsīdēs (plural vocative)


gravamen

gravāmen n (genitive gravāminis); third declension

gravāmen (canonical neuter)
gravāminis (genitive)
gravāmen (nominative singular)
gravāmina (nominative plural)
gravāminis (genitive singular)
gravāminum (genitive plural)
gravāminī (dative singular)
gravāminibus (dative plural)
gravāmen (accusative singular)
gravāmina (accusative plural)
gravāmine (ablative singular)
gravāminibus (ablative plural)
gravāmen (singular vocative)
gravāmina (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: gravamen

→ English: gravamen

→ Spanish: gravamen

[ɡräˈu̯äːmɛn]

(of health) discomfort, physical inconvenience

(financially) imposition, financial burden


caudex

caudex m (genitive caudicis); third declension

caudicis (genitive)
caudex (nominative singular)
caudicēs (nominative plural)
caudicis (genitive singular)
caudicum (genitive plural)
caudicī (dative singular)
caudicibus (dative plural)
caudicem (accusative singular)
caudicēs (accusative plural)
caudice (ablative singular)
caudicibus (ablative plural)
caudex (singular vocative)
caudicēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: càudex

→ Portuguese: cáudice

Uncertain. Most likely to be connected to cūdō (“I beat, strike”), both deriving from the same dental extension of Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂-, *keh₂w- (“to beat, hew, chop”), and so originally meant “that which has been cleaved off”. See also cauda (“tail”). Another possibility is a relation to caulis (“stalk”), if this is an l-stem derivative of the same ultimate root, perhaps *ḱawh₁- (“to swell; hollow”) (whence cavus) if both words originally meant “hollow stem”.
An older idea connected it to Latin caupulus (“a kind of small boat”), based on the observation that similar words meaning “boat” and “tree” are often related in Indo-European languages, as many Indo-European peoples used hollowed out trees as boats and skiffs.


meninx

mēninx f (genitive mēningis); third declension

mēninx (canonical feminine)
mēningis (genitive)
mēninx (nominative singular)
mēningēs (nominative plural)
mēningis (genitive singular)
mēningum (genitive plural)
mēningī (dative singular)
mēningibus (dative plural)
mēningem (accusative singular)
mēningēs (accusative plural)
mēninge (ablative singular)
mēningibus (ablative plural)
mēninx (singular vocative)
mēningēs (plural vocative)

→ English: meninx

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μῆνῐγξ (mêninx, “membrane of the eye; membrane enclosing the brain; eardrum”).


Caesar

la-proper noun

Caesar m (genitive Caesaris); third declension

Caesaris (genitive)
Caesar (nominative singular)
Caesarēs (nominative plural)
Caesaris (genitive singular)
Caesarum (genitive plural)
Caesarī (dative singular)
Caesaribus (dative plural)
Caesarem (accusative singular)
Caesarēs (accusative plural)
Caesare (ablative singular)
Caesaribus (ablative plural)
Caesar (singular vocative)
Caesarēs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: Çezar

→ Ancient Greek: Καῖσαρ (Kaîsar) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Arabic: قَيْصَر (qayṣar)
→ Azerbaijani: qəysər
→ Northern Kurdish: qeyser, قەیسەر (qeyser)
→ Malay: قيصر, kaisar
→ Indonesian: kaisar
→ Classical Persian: قیصر (qaysar), قیاصره pl (qayâsira)
→ Ottoman Turkish: قیصر (kayser), قیاصره pl (kayâsıra)
→ Tajik: қайсар (qaysar)
→ Hindi: क़ैसर (qaisar)
→ Urdu: قیصر (qaisar)
→ Ottoman Turkish: قیصر
→ Turkish: kayser
→ Swahili: kaisari
→ Uzbek: qaysar

→ Aramaic:

Hebrew script: קיסר (qaysar, qēsar)

Syriac script: ܩܣܪ (qaysar, qēsar)

→ English: Caesar

→ Italian: Cesare

→ Korean: 카이사르 (kaisareu)

→ Middle English: Cesar, Casare, Cesare; cesar

English: Cesar (obsolete)

→ Middle French: Cæsar

French: César

→ Old Occitan:

Catalan: Cèsar

Occitan: Cesar

→ Parthian: 𐭊𐭉𐭎𐭓 (kysr /kēsar/)

→ Proto-Germanic: *kaisaraz (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Slavic: *cěsařь (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Persian: 𐭪𐭩𐭮𐭫𐭩 (kysly /kēsar/)

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Cesar

Galician: César

Portuguese: César

→ Romagnol: Zéșar, Zéẓar

→ Romanian: Cezar

→ Russian: Це́зарь (Cézarʹ)

desc

→ Sogdian: [script needed] (kysr), ܩܝܣܪ (kēsar)

→ Spanish: César

→ Welsh: Cesar

[ˈt͡ʃɛːs̬är]

Unknown. Etymology was subject to many interpretations in antiquity, all of which remain doubtful. Among these are:
* From a Punic word for “elephant”. This etymology was endorsed by Julius Caesar himself, thereby following the claims of his family that they inherited the cognomen from an ancestor, who had received the name after killing an elephant, possibly during the first Punic war.
* From the phrase a caesiis oculis ("because of the blue eyes"): Caesar's eyes were black, but since the despotic dictator Sulla had had blue eyes, this interpretation might have been created as part of the anti-Caesarian propaganda in order to present Caesar as a tyrant.
* From the phrase a caesariē ("because of the hair"): Since Caesar was balding, this interpretation might have been part of the anti-Caesarian mockery.
* From the phrase a caeso matris utero ("born by Caesarean section"): In theory this might go back to an unknown Julian ancestor who was born in this way. On the other hand, it could also have been part of the anti-Caesarian propaganda.
* From the verb caedō (“to cut”), in the argument of the Julians for receiving a sodality of the Lupercalia. The praenomen Kaeso (or Caeso) was best known from the Quinctii and the Fabii, possibly derived from their ritual duty of striking with the goat-skin at the luperci Quinctiales and the luperci Fabiani.

a Roman cognomen of the gens Iulia, notably that of Gaius Iulius Caesar, subsequently used as an imperial title.


impetigo

la-noun

impetīgō f (genitive impetīginis); third declension

impetīgō (canonical feminine)
impetīginis (genitive)
impetīgō (nominative singular)
impetīginēs (nominative plural)
impetīginis (genitive singular)
impetīginum (genitive plural)
impetīginī (dative singular)
impetīginibus (dative plural)
impetīginem (accusative singular)
impetīginēs (accusative plural)
impetīgine (ablative singular)
impetīginibus (ablative plural)
impetīgō (singular vocative)
impetīginēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: empeine

Italian: petecchia

→ English: petechia

Portuguese: impingem

Romanian: pecingine

Spanish: empeine

→ Catalan: impetigen

→ Dutch: impetigo

→ English: impetigo

→ Italian: impetigine

→ Portuguese: impetigo

→ Spanish: impétigo

[ɪmpɛˈt̪iːɡoː]


anthrax

anthrax m (genitive anthracis); third declension

anthracis (genitive)
anthrax (nominative singular)
anthracēs (nominative plural)
anthracis (genitive singular)
anthracum (genitive plural)
anthracī (dative singular)
anthracibus (dative plural)
anthracem (accusative singular)
anthracēs (accusative plural)
anthrace (ablative singular)
anthracibus (ablative plural)
anthrax (singular vocative)
anthracēs (plural vocative)

[ˈän̪t̪ʰräks̠]


Ceres

la-proper noun

Cerēs f sg (genitive Cereris); third declension

Cerēs (canonical feminine singular)
Cereris (genitive)
Cerēs (nominative singular)
Cereris (genitive singular)
Cererī (dative singular)
Cererem (accusative singular)
Cerere (ablative singular)
Cerēs (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Ceres

→ Dutch: Ceres
Afrikaans: Ceres

→ English: Ceres

→ Finnish: Ceres

→ Italian: Cerere

→ Polish: Ceres

→ Portuguese: Ceres

→ Sicilian: Cèriri

→ Spanish: Ceres

→ Swahili: Ceres

→ Thai: ซีรีส (sii-rîis)

From Proto-Italic *Kerēs, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerēs, from *ḱer- (“to grow”). Cognate with creō, crēscō, Faliscan 𐌂𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔 (ceres, “Ceres”) and Oscan Kerrí (dat. sg.).

(Roman mythology) Ceres (goddess of agriculture)

(New Latin, astronomy) Ceres (dwarf planet)

Tum Cererem corruptam undīs Cereāliaque arma
expediunt fessī rērum; frūgēsque receptās

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.177–179

Then, weary of [these] circumstances, they brought out [the grain of] Ceres, soaked with seawater, and the utensils of Ceres; and they prepared both to roast with flames and to grind with stone that grain [which] had been recovered.

et torrēre parant flammīs et frangere saxō.

(figuratively) food, bread, fruit, corn, grain, etc.


fervor

la-noun

fervor m (genitive fervōris); third declension

fervōris (genitive)
fervor (nominative singular)
fervōrēs (nominative plural)
fervōris (genitive singular)
fervōrum (genitive plural)
fervōrī (dative singular)
fervōribus (dative plural)
fervōrem (accusative singular)
fervōrēs (accusative plural)
fervōre (ablative singular)
fervōribus (ablative plural)
fervor (singular vocative)
fervōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: fervor

→ French: ferveur

→ Galician: fervor

→ Italian: fervore

→ Occitan: fervor

→ Portuguese: fervor

→ Spanish: fervor


ablator

ablātor m (genitive ablātōris); third declension

ablātor (canonical masculine)
ablātōris (genitive)
ablātor (nominative singular)
ablātōrēs (nominative plural)
ablātōris (genitive singular)
ablātōrum (genitive plural)
ablātōrī (dative singular)
ablātōribus (dative plural)
ablātōrem (accusative singular)
ablātōrēs (accusative plural)
ablātōre (ablative singular)
ablātōribus (ablative plural)
ablātor (singular vocative)
ablātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: ablator

Portuguese: ablator

[äbˈɫ̪äːt̪ɔr]

From ablātus, perfect passive participle of auferō (“carry off, take away”).


zoster

zōstēr m (genitive zōstēris); third declension

zōstēr (canonical masculine)
zōstēris (genitive)
zōstēr (nominative singular)
zōstērēs (nominative plural)
zōstēris (genitive singular)
zōstērum (genitive plural)
zōstērī (dative singular)
zōstēribus (dative plural)
zōstērem (accusative singular)
zōstērēs (accusative plural)
zōstēre (ablative singular)
zōstēribus (ablative plural)
zōstēr (singular vocative)
zōstērēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ζωστήρ (zōstḗr, “girdle”), from ζώννυμι (zṓnnumi, “to gird”).


Triton

la-proper noun

Trītōn m (genitive Trītōnis); third declension

Trītōn (canonical masculine)
Trītōnis (genitive)

(Greek mythology) Triton (mythological sea god)


Triton

Trītōn (canonical masculine)
Trītōnis (genitive)
Trītōn (nominative singular)
Trītōnes (nominative plural)
Trītōnēs (nominative plural)
Trītōnis (genitive singular)
Trītōnos (genitive singular)
Trītōnum (genitive plural)
Trītōnī (dative singular)
Trītōnibus (dative plural)
Trītōna (accusative singular)
Trītōnem (accusative singular)
Trītōnas (accusative plural)
Trītōnēs (accusative plural)
Trītōne (ablative singular)
Trītōnibus (ablative plural)
Trītōn (singular vocative)
Trītōnes (plural vocative)
Trītōnēs (plural vocative)


aetas

la-noun

aetās f (genitive aetātis); third declension

aetās (canonical feminine)
aetātis (genitive)
aetās (nominative singular)
aetātēs (nominative plural)
aetātis (genitive singular)
aetātum (genitive plural)
aetātī (dative singular)
aetātibus (dative plural)
aetātem (accusative singular)
aetātīs (accusative plural)
aetātēs (accusative plural)
aetāte (ablative singular)
aetātibus (ablative plural)
aetās (singular vocative)
aetātēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: etã

Italo-Romance:

Italian: età, etade, etate (archaic)

Sicilian: itati, ità

North Italian:

Friulian: etât, ete

Piedmontese: età

Romansch: eted, età

Venetian: età

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: edat

Old French: edet, eé

Occitan: edat

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: edat

Asturian: edá

Galician: idade

Portuguese: idade

Spanish: edad

Vulgar Latin:

desctree

*aetāticum
Old Franco-Provençal: eiajo, eajo
Franco-Provençal: âjo
Old French: edage, eage, aage m or f (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Interlingua: etate

→ Romanian: etate

[ˈäe̯t̪äːs̠]

Syncope of earlier aevitās, from Proto-Italic *aiwotāts, from *aiwom ((whence also aevum) from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyu- (“lifetime”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“vital energy, life”)) + *-tāts (whence also -tās). By surface analysis, aevum + -tās.

der

(principally) the period of a life: lifetime, lifespan

et monet aetātis speciē, dum flōreat, ūtī;

And she urges [us] to indulge in the sight of [young] age, while [it is] still in bloom: The thorn is despised when the roses have fallen.
(“She” is Flora (mythology).)

an undefined, particularly long period of time: an age, an era, a term, a duration


fragor

la-noun

fragor m (genitive fragōris); third declension

fragōris (genitive)
fragor (nominative singular)
fragōrēs (nominative plural)
fragōris (genitive singular)
fragōrum (genitive plural)
fragōrī (dative singular)
fragōribus (dative plural)
fragōrem (accusative singular)
fragōrēs (accusative plural)
fragōre (ablative singular)
fragōribus (ablative plural)
fragor (singular vocative)
fragōrēs (plural vocative)

Sextus magnum fragorem audit


fides

fidēs f (genitive fidis); third declension

fidēs (canonical feminine)
fidis (genitive)
fidēs (nominative singular)
fidēs (nominative plural)
fidis (genitive singular)
fidium (genitive plural)
fidī (dative singular)
fidibus (dative plural)
fidem (accusative singular)
fidēs (accusative plural)
fidīs (accusative plural)
fide (ablative singular)
fidibus (ablative plural)
fidēs (singular vocative)
fidēs (plural vocative)

Sume fidem et pharetram fies manifestus Apollo

c. 25 BCE, Ovid, Heroides, Letter 15: "Sappho Phaoni"

Take up string and quiver and you are Apollo manifest

(in the plural) lyre, lute, harp (by extension) (any of a number of ancient stringed musical instruments)


comparator

comparātor m (genitive comparātōris); third declension

comparātor (canonical masculine)
comparātōris (genitive)
comparātor (nominative singular)
comparātōrēs (nominative plural)
comparātōris (genitive singular)
comparātōrum (genitive plural)
comparātōrī (dative singular)
comparātōribus (dative plural)
comparātōrem (accusative singular)
comparātōrēs (accusative plural)
comparātōre (ablative singular)
comparātōribus (ablative plural)
comparātor (singular vocative)
comparātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: comprador

Italian: compratore

Occitan: crompador

Portuguese: comprador

Romanian: comparator, cumpărător

Spanish: comprador


testudo

testūdō f (genitive testūdinis); third declension

testūdō (canonical feminine)
testūdinis (genitive)
testūdō (nominative singular)
testūdinēs (nominative plural)
testūdinis (genitive singular)
testūdinum (genitive plural)
testūdinī (dative singular)
testūdinibus (dative plural)
testūdinem (accusative singular)
testūdinēs (accusative plural)
testūdine (ablative singular)
testūdinibus (ablative plural)
testūdō (singular vocative)
testūdinēs (plural vocative)

Italian: testuggine

Neapolitan: stuscene

→ English: testudo

→ Esperanto: testudo

→ French: testudo

→ Spanish: testudo

[t̪ɛs̠ˈt̪uːd̪oː]

From testa (“fragment of earthenware; shell or covering”).

(by extension, military) covering, shed, shelter

Tum foribus dīvae, mediā testūdine templī,

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.505–506

Then, [facing the] doorway of the goddess [Juno], [there] in the middle beneath the vault of the temple, surrounded by armed guards, and supported by the lofty throne, [Dido] remained seated.

saepta armīs, soliōque altē subnīxa resēdit.

(by extension, in buildings) arch, vault


quadriceps

la-adj

quadriceps (genitive quadricipitis); third-declension one-termination adjective

quadricipitis (genitive)
quadriceps (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
quadricipitēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
quadricipitia (neuter nominative plural)
quadricipitis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quadricipitium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
quadricipitī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quadricipitibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quadricipitem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
quadriceps (accusative neuter singular)
quadricipitēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
quadricipitia (accusative neuter plural)
quadricipitī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quadricipitibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quadriceps (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
quadricipitēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
quadricipitia (neuter plural vocative)

From quadri- (“four”) + -ceps (“headed”).


cortex

la-noun

cortex m or f (genitive corticis); third declension

corticis (genitive)
cortex (nominative singular)
corticēs (nominative plural)
corticis (genitive singular)
corticum (genitive plural)
corticī (dative singular)
corticibus (dative plural)
corticem (accusative singular)
corticēs (accusative plural)
cortice (ablative singular)
corticibus (ablative plural)
cortex (singular vocative)
corticēs (plural vocative)

Arabic: القُورْق (al-qūrq)

Catalan: còrtex

English: cortex

French: cortex

Irish: coirte

Italian: cortice

Portuguese: córtex, Portuguese: córtice, Portuguese: cortíceo, Portuguese: cortiço, cortiça

Sardinian: cortiche, cortighe

Spanish: corcho, corche, córtex

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kort-ek-s, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-, extended from *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “I cut off”), English shear, German scheren, Albanian harr (“to cut, to mow”), Lithuanian skìrti (“separate”), Welsh ysgar (“separate”), Old Armenian քերեմ (kʻerem, “to scrape, scratch”).

cog

The bark of a tree; the bark of a cork tree; cork.

The shell or outward part or covering of anything else; body.

(proverb)

nāre sine cortice to need no more assistance (literally, “to swim without life preserver”)


salmo

la-noun

salmō m (genitive salmōnis); third declension

salmō (canonical masculine)
salmōnis (genitive)
salmō (nominative singular)
salmōnēs (nominative plural)
salmōnis (genitive singular)
salmōnum (genitive plural)
salmōnī (dative singular)
salmōnibus (dative plural)
salmōnem (accusative singular)
salmōnēs (accusative plural)
salmōne (ablative singular)
salmōnibus (ablative plural)
salmō (singular vocative)
salmōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: salmó

desctree

Old French: saumon, salmon, salmone, salmoun, salmun, saumun
French: saumon
Haitian Creole: somon
→ Romanian: somon
→ Turkish: somon
→ Middle English: samoun, salmon, samen, samon, samone, samown, samun, samwn, saumon, sawmoun, sawmun
English: salmon
→ Burmese: ဆယ်လမွန် (hcaila.mwan)
→ Hebrew: סַלְמוֹן (sálmon)
→ Hindi: सामन (sāman)
→ Japanese: サーモン (sāmon)
Scots: saumon, sawmon
Yola: zamoon

Galician: salmón

Italian: salmone

Occitan: salmon, saumon

Portuguese: salmão

Spanish: salmón

→ Arabic: سلمون (salmōn, salamōn)

→ Esperanto: salmo

→ Proto-West Germanic: *salmō (see there for further descendants)

→ Ido: salmono

→ Indonesian: salmon

→ Interlingua: salmon

→ Malay: salmon

→ Volapük: salm

Unknown, possibly from a Celtic/Gaulish word; the common derivation from saliō (“to leap”) has been dismissed as folk etymology. An equation with Proto-Slavic *sòmъ (“catfish”) by Preobraženskij has not been well-received by succeeding Slavists; neither is Finnish sampi (“sturgeon”) likely related.


anser

la-noun

ānser m (genitive ānseris); third declension

ānser (canonical masculine)
ānseris (genitive)
ānser (nominative singular)
ānserēs (nominative plural)
ānseris (genitive singular)
ānserum (genitive plural)
ānserī (dative singular)
ānseribus (dative plural)
ānserem (accusative singular)
ānserēs (accusative plural)
ānsere (ablative singular)
ānseribus (ablative plural)
ānser (singular vocative)
ānserēs (plural vocative)

Esperanto: ansero

Vulgar Latin: ānsar

Old Galician-Portuguese: anssar, ansar

Spanish: ánsar, ánsara

Translingual: Anser

From Proto-Italic *hāns, from earlier *xāns (to differentiate it from a later form *hāns if the shift */x/ > */h/ in the Italic languages already happened during late Proto-Italic), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns. The form is possibly influenced by unrelated anas. Cognates include Sanskrit हंस (haṃsa), Ancient Greek χήν (khḗn), Russian гусь (gusʹ), Old Irish géiss, Old English gōs (English goose), and Albanian gatë (“heron”).

ānserēs nōn fefellēre, quibus sacrīs Jūnōnis in summā inopiā cibī tamen abstinēbātur.

59 BC–AD 17, Titus Livius, Ab urba condita 5.47.4


sector

sector m (genitive sectōris, feminine sectrīx); third declension

sectōris (genitive)
sectrīx (feminine)
sector (nominative singular)
sectōrēs (nominative plural)
sectōris (genitive singular)
sectōrum (genitive plural)
sectōrī (dative singular)
sectōribus (dative plural)
sectōrem (accusative singular)
sectōrēs (accusative plural)
sectōre (ablative singular)
sectōribus (ablative plural)
sector (singular vocative)
sectōrēs (plural vocative)

Piedmontese: sèitor, saitor

Borrowings:

→ English: sector

→ Italian: settore

→ Russian: се́ктор (séktor)

→ Serbo-Croatian: sȅktor / се̏ктор

→ Spanish: sector

purchaser or bidder (someone who buys or attempts to buy at a sale of confiscated goods)


velox

la-adj

vēlōx (genitive vēlōcis, comparative vēlōcior, superlative vēlocissimus, adverb vēlōciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

vēlōx (canonical)
vēlōcis (genitive)
vēlōcior (comparative)
vēlocissimus (superlative)
vēlōciter (adverb)
vēlōx (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
vēlōcēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
vēlōcia (neuter nominative plural)
vēlōcis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
vēlōcium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
vēlōcī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
vēlōcibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vēlōcem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
vēlōx (accusative neuter singular)
vēlōcēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
vēlōcia (accusative neuter plural)
vēlōcī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
vēlōcibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vēlōx (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
vēlōcēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
vēlōcia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: veloç

English: velocity

French: véloce

Galician: veloz

Italian: veloce

Portuguese: veloz

Romanian: veloce

Sicilian: viluci

Spanish: veloz

[ˈu̯eːɫ̪oːks̠]

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁-lo- (“wind”), from *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”), named after the speed of wind.
Older theories derive the word from Proto-Italic *weksloks, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring, transport”) (whence vehō).