fidelis

la-noun

fidēlis m (genitive fidēlis); third declension

fidēlis (canonical masculine)
fidēlis (genitive)
fidēlis (nominative singular)
fidēlēs (nominative plural)
fidēlis (genitive singular)
fidēlium (genitive plural)
fidēlī (dative singular)
fidēlibus (dative plural)
fidēlem (accusative singular)
fidēlēs (accusative plural)
fidēlīs (accusative plural)
fidēle (ablative singular)
fidēlibus (ablative plural)
fidēlis (singular vocative)
fidēlēs (plural vocative)

[fɪˈd̪eːlʲɪs̠]


docilis

la-adj

docilis (neuter docile); third-declension two-termination adjective

docile (neuter)
docilis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
docile (neuter nominative singular)
docilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
docilia (neuter nominative plural)
docilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
docilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
docilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
docilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
docilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
docile (accusative neuter singular)
docilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
docilīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
docilia (accusative neuter plural)
docilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
docilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
docilis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
docile (neuter singular vocative)
docilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
docilia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: dòcil

English: docile

French: docile

Galician: dócil

Italian: docile

Occitan: docil

Portuguese: dócil

Romanian: docil

Sicilian: dòcili

Spanish: dócil

[ˈd̪ɔkɪlʲɪs̠]


gravitas

la-noun

gravitās f (genitive gravitātis); third declension

gravitās (canonical feminine)
gravitātis (genitive)
gravitās (nominative singular)
gravitātēs (nominative plural)
gravitātis (genitive singular)
gravitātum (genitive plural)
gravitātī (dative singular)
gravitātibus (dative plural)
gravitātem (accusative singular)
gravitātēs (accusative plural)
gravitāte (ablative singular)
gravitātibus (ablative plural)
gravitās (singular vocative)
gravitātēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: griutati

Catalan: gravetat

→ Dutch: graviteit

→ English: gravitas, gravity

→ French: gravité

→ Romanian: gravitate

Galician: gravidade

→ German: Gravität

→ Italian: gravità

Old French: grieté

→ Portuguese: gravidade

Romanian: greutate

Spanish: gravedad

[ˈɡräu̯ɪt̪äːs̠]

gravitās caelī

unwholesomeness, heaviness (in affecting one's health)


vas deferens

vās dēferēns n (genitive vāsis dēferentis); third declension

vās dēferēns (canonical neuter)
vāsis dēferentis (genitive)
vās dēferēns (nominative singular)
vāsa dēferentia (nominative plural)
vāsis dēferentis (genitive singular)
vāsōrum dēferentium (genitive plural)
vāsī dēferentī (dative singular)
vāsīs dēferentibus (dative plural)
vās dēferēns (accusative singular)
vāsa dēferentia (accusative plural)
vāse dēferente (ablative singular)
vāse dēferentī (ablative singular)
vāsīs dēferentibus (ablative plural)
vās dēferēns (singular vocative)
vāsa dēferentia (plural vocative)

English: vas deferens


vespillo

vespillō m (genitive vespillōnis); third declension

vespillō (canonical masculine)
vespillōnis (genitive)
vespillō (nominative singular)
vespillōnēs (nominative plural)
vespillōnis (genitive singular)
vespillōnum (genitive plural)
vespillōnī (dative singular)
vespillōnibus (dative plural)
vespillōnem (accusative singular)
vespillōnēs (accusative plural)
vespillōne (ablative singular)
vespillōnibus (ablative plural)
vespillō (singular vocative)
vespillōnēs (plural vocative)

[u̯ɛs̠ˈpɪlːʲoː]

Uncertain. Possibly a derivative of vespa (“wasp”). Festus describes vespa and vespula as synonyms of vespillo in this sense, but denies a connection to the 'wasp' lexeme and instead gives a (likely folk etymology) derivation of these three terms from vesper (“evening”). Thus, a semantic connection with wasps was apparently not obvious to Festus. Regardless, some modern etymologists have favored this derivation; Benveniste 1923-1924:124f argued that wasps were noted for carrying the body of their prey to their nests. The second element may be the diminutive suffix -illus, followed by -ō, -ōnis m (suffix forming appellations) making the overall structure vespa + -illus + -ō.
De Vaan cites Watkins 1969 for a proposal that the word comes instead from a PIE root for 'clothing' or 'shroud' and is cognate to Hittite [script needed] (wašpaš, “clothes”).


ventilator

la-noun

ventilātor m (genitive ventilātōris); third declension

ventilātor (canonical masculine)
ventilātōris (genitive)
ventilātor (nominative singular)
ventilātōrēs (nominative plural)
ventilātōris (genitive singular)
ventilātōrum (genitive plural)
ventilātōrī (dative singular)
ventilātōribus (dative plural)
ventilātōrem (accusative singular)
ventilātōrēs (accusative plural)
ventilātōre (ablative singular)
ventilātōribus (ablative plural)
ventilātor (singular vocative)
ventilātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: ventilador

→ Dutch: ventilator

→ English: ventilator

→ French: ventilateur

→ Portuguese: ventilador

→ Romanian: ventilator

→ Russian: вентиля́тор (ventiljátor)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ventìlātor/вентѝла̄тор

→ Spanish: ventilador

[u̯ɛn̪t̪ɪˈɫ̪äːt̪ɔr]

From ventilō (“to expose to a draught”) + -tor.


censor

la-noun

cēnsor m (genitive cēnsōris); third declension

cēnsor (canonical masculine)
cēnsōris (genitive)
cēnsor (nominative singular)
cēnsōrēs (nominative plural)
cēnsōris (genitive singular)
cēnsōrum (genitive plural)
cēnsōrī (dative singular)
cēnsōribus (dative plural)
cēnsōrem (accusative singular)
cēnsōrēs (accusative plural)
cēnsōre (ablative singular)
cēnsōribus (ablative plural)
cēnsor (singular vocative)
cēnsōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: censor

→ English: censor

→ French: censeur

→ German: Zensor

→ Italian: censore

desc

→ Oscan: 𐌊𐌄𐌄𐌍𐌆𐌔𐌕𐌖𐌓 (keenzstur), 𐌊𐌄𐌍𐌔𐌆𐌖𐌓 (kenszur)

→ Portuguese: censor

→ Romanian: cenzor

→ Russian: це́нзор (cénzor)

→ Spanish: censor

From cēnseō (“I assess, value, judge, tax, etc.”) + -tor (agentive suffix).

af

provincial magistrate with similar duties.

a critic, especially a severe one of morals and society


vigil

la-adj

vigil (genitive vigilis); third-declension one-termination adjective

vigilis (genitive)
vigil (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
vigilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
vigilia (neuter nominative plural)
vigilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
vigilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
vigilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
vigilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vigilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
vigil (accusative neuter singular)
vigilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
vigilia (accusative neuter plural)
vigilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
vigilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vigil (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
vigilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
vigilia (neuter plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong, lively, awake”), whence vigeō.


vigil

la-noun

vigil m (genitive vigilis); third declension

vigilis (genitive)
vigil (nominative singular)
vigilēs (nominative plural)
vigilis (genitive singular)
vigilum (genitive plural)
vigilī (dative singular)
vigilibus (dative plural)
vigilem (accusative singular)
vigilēs (accusative plural)
vigile (ablative singular)
vigilibus (ablative plural)
vigil (singular vocative)
vigilēs (plural vocative)

French: vigile

Irish: feighil

Italian: vigile

Piedmontese: vìgil

Portuguese: vígil

Romanian: vigil, veghe

watchman, guard, sentinel; constable, fireman; angel

(in the plural) the watch, police, constabulary


ulterior

ulterius (neuter)
ulterior (feminine masculine nominative singular)
ulterius (neuter nominative singular)
ulteriōrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
ulteriōra (neuter nominative plural)
ulteriōris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ulteriōrum (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ulteriōrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ulteriōribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ulteriōrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
ulterius (accusative neuter singular)
ulteriōrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
ulteriōra (accusative neuter plural)
ulteriōre (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ulteriōribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ulterior (feminine masculine singular vocative)
ulterius (neuter singular vocative)
ulteriōrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
ulteriōra (neuter plural vocative)

English: ulterior

French: ultérieur

Italian: ulteriore

Portuguese: ulterior

Romanian: ulterior

Spanish: ulterior

[ʊɫ̪ˈt̪ɛriɔr]

quis est ulterior?

comparative degree of ulter
further, more remote

Gallia ulterior

comparative degree of ulter
on the farther side, that is beyond

quo quid ulterius privato timendum foret?

Which would be a worse thing to be feared, having been deprived of it?

comparative degree of ulter
(figurative) more extreme, worse

comparative degree of ulter
more extreme, worse


rete

rēte n (genitive rētis); third declension

rēte (canonical neuter)
rētis (genitive)
rēte (nominative singular)
rētia (nominative plural)
rētis (genitive singular)
rētium (genitive plural)
rētī (dative singular)
rētibus (dative plural)
rēte (accusative singular)
rētia (accusative plural)
rēte (ablative singular)
rētī (ablative singular)
rētibus (ablative plural)
rēte (singular vocative)
rētia (plural vocative)

Albanian: rrjetë

Asturian: rede

Catalan: ret

Dalmatian: rait

→ English: rete, retiform

Extremaduran: redi

Old Francoprovençal: *ré

Franco-Provençal: ré

Old French: reiz

French: rets

Friulian: rêt

Galician: rede

Istriot: ridi

Italian: rete, rezza

Ladin: rei

Occitan: ret

Piedmontese: rèj

Portuguese: rede

Romanian: rețea

Romansch: rait, reit, reet

Sardinian: reta, arretza, rete, retza

Sicilian: riti

Spanish: red

Venetian: rede

desctree

→ Proto-Brythonic: *rruɨd
Breton: roued
Old Cornish: ruid
Cornish: rūz
Middle Welsh: rwyd
Welsh: rhwyd

From Proto-Italic *rēti-, of uncertain origin. Some theories:
* From a Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- root, related to rārus, Lithuanian rėtis (“sieve”), and other roots with the general meaning "bind, twist".
* Or, for an alternative reconstruction *srēte, from serō (“to bind”).
* Alternatively, borrowed from Semitic; compare Hebrew רֶשֶׁת (rešet, “net (for fishing and bird-catching)”), Ugaritic 𐎗𐎘𐎚 (rṯt, “net”).


propraetor

la-noun

prōpraetor m (genitive prōpraetōris); third declension

prōpraetor (canonical masculine)
prōpraetōris (genitive)
prōpraetor (nominative singular)
prōpraetōrēs (nominative plural)
prōpraetōris (genitive singular)
prōpraetōrum (genitive plural)
prōpraetōrī (dative singular)
prōpraetōribus (dative plural)
prōpraetōrem (accusative singular)
prōpraetōrēs (accusative plural)
prōpraetōre (ablative singular)
prōpraetōribus (ablative plural)
prōpraetor (singular vocative)
prōpraetōrēs (plural vocative)

An ex-praetor (in Rome) sent as praetor to a province where there was no army


inane

ināne n (genitive inānis); third declension

ināne (canonical neuter)
inānis (genitive)
ināne (nominative singular)
inānia (nominative plural)
inānis (genitive singular)
inānium (genitive plural)
inānī (dative singular)
inānibus (dative plural)
ināne (accusative singular)
inānia (accusative plural)
inānī (ablative singular)
inānibus (ablative plural)
ināne (singular vocative)
inānia (plural vocative)


renio

*rēniō m (oblique *rēniōnem); third declension

rēniō (canonical masculine)
rēniōnem (oblique)
rẹ́niọ (nominative singular)
rẹniọ́nẹs (nominative plural)
rẹniọ́nẹs (genitive singular)
rẹniọ́nọ (genitive plural)
rẹniọ́ni (dative singular)
rẹniọ́nẹvọs (dative plural)
rẹniọ́nẽ (ablative accusative singular)
rẹniọ́nẹs (ablative accusative plural)

Italo-Romance:

Central Italian: orgnone

Neapolitan: regnone

Sicilian: riñuna, ruñuna

North-Italian:

Friulian: rognon

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: rugnon, rügnon, rognon

desc

Ligurian: rognon, rugnoen, rugnoin, argnon

Lombard: rognon, regnin

Piedmontese: rognon, rëgnon

Romagnol: rugnon, rignon, argnon

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: rognon

Old French: reignon, roignon

Middle French: roignon
French: rognon

→ Italian: rognone

Norman: rignon, reignon

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: renyó, ronyó

Occitan: renhon, ronhon

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: rinyón

Asturian: reñón, riñón

Mirandese: renhon

Spanish: riñón

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: orrungione, runzone


ulcus

la-noun

ulcus n (genitive ulceris); third declension

ulceris (genitive)
ulcus (nominative singular)
ulcera (nominative plural)
ulceris (genitive singular)
ulcerum (genitive plural)
ulcerī (dative singular)
ulceribus (dative plural)
ulcus (accusative singular)
ulcera (accusative plural)
ulcere (ablative singular)
ulceribus (ablative plural)
ulcus (singular vocative)
ulcera (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: úlcera

→ English: ulcus

Galician: úcera

Italian: ulcera

desctree

Old French: ulcere
Middle French: ulcere
French: ulcère
→ Persian: اولسر (ulser)
→ Romanian: ulcer
→ Turkish: ülser
→ English: ulcer

Spanish: úlcera

Portuguese: úlcera

From earlier *olcos, from Proto-Italic *elkos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élḱos (“wound, illness, ulcer”), from the root *h₁elḱ-; compare Ancient Greek ἕλκος (hélkos, “wound, ulcer”), Old Norse illr (“bad, sick”), Sanskrit अर्शस् (árśas, “hemorrhoids”).


lector

la-noun

lēctor m (genitive lēctōris, feminine lēctrīx); third declension

lēctor (canonical masculine)
lēctōris (genitive)
lēctrīx (feminine)
lēctor (nominative singular)
lēctōrēs (nominative plural)
lēctōris (genitive singular)
lēctōrum (genitive plural)
lēctōrī (dative singular)
lēctōribus (dative plural)
lēctōrem (accusative singular)
lēctōrēs (accusative plural)
lēctōre (ablative singular)
lēctōribus (ablative plural)
lēctor (singular vocative)
lēctōrēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: lettore

Gallo-Romance:

Old Franco-Provençal: leytour

Franco-Provençal: le̢ytur

Old French: litur, litre, letour

Middle French: listre (silent s), leiteur

Old Occitan: leitre, leytoo

Ibero-Romance:

→ Portuguese: leitor

Early borrowings:

→ Old Irish: líachtóir

Irish: léachtóir

Modern borrowings:

→ Bulgarian: ле́ктор (léktor)

→ Catalan: lector

→ English: lector

→ French: lecteur

→ Macedonian: лектор (lektor)

→ Polish: lektor

→ Romanian: lector

→ Russian: ле́ктор (léktor)

→ Crimean Tatar: lektor

→ Spanish: lector

→ Swedish: lektor

[ˈɫ̪eːkt̪ɔr]


thorax

thōrax m (genitive thōrācis); third declension

thōrax (canonical masculine)
thōrācis (genitive)
thōrax (nominative singular)
thōrācēs (nominative plural)
thōrācis (genitive singular)
thōrācum (genitive plural)
thōrācī (dative singular)
thōrācibus (dative plural)
thōrācem (accusative singular)
thōrācēs (accusative plural)
thōrāce (ablative singular)
thōrācibus (ablative plural)
thōrax (singular vocative)
thōrācēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: tòrax

→ English: thorax

→ Esperanto: torako

→ French: thorax

→ Galician: tórax

→ German: Thorax

→ Ido: torako

→ Indonesian: toraks

→ Irish: tóracs

→ Lombard: torax

→ Malay: toraks

→ Occitan: torax

→ Portuguese: tórax, torace

→ Romanian: torace

→ Russian: то́ракс (tóraks)

→ Slovene: toraks

→ Spanish: tórax

→ Swedish: thorax

From Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “a breastplate, cuirass, corslet”).


denominator

la-noun

dēnōminātor m (genitive dēnōminātōris); third declension

dēnōminātor (canonical masculine)
dēnōminātōris (genitive)
dēnōminātor (nominative singular)
dēnōminātōrēs (nominative plural)
dēnōminātōris (genitive singular)
dēnōminātōrum (genitive plural)
dēnōminātōrī (dative singular)
dēnōminātōribus (dative plural)
dēnōminātōrem (accusative singular)
dēnōminātōrēs (accusative plural)
dēnōminātōre (ablative singular)
dēnōminātōribus (ablative plural)
dēnōminātor (singular vocative)
dēnōminātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: denominator

French: dénominateur

Italian: denominatore

Portuguese: denominador

Spanish: denominador


talio

tāliō f (genitive tāliōnis); third declension

tāliō (canonical feminine)
tāliōnis (genitive)
tāliō (nominative singular)
tāliōnēs (nominative plural)
tāliōnis (genitive singular)
tāliōnum (genitive plural)
tāliōnī (dative singular)
tāliōnibus (dative plural)
tāliōnem (accusative singular)
tāliōnēs (accusative plural)
tāliōne (ablative singular)
tāliōnibus (ablative plural)
tāliō (singular vocative)
tāliōnēs (plural vocative)

→ French: talion

→ English: talion

→? Italian: taglione

→ Occitan: talion

→ Portuguese: talião

punishment equal to the injury sustained; retaliation


ordo

ōrdō m (genitive ōrdinis); third declension

ōrdō (canonical masculine)
ōrdinis (genitive)
ōrdō (nominative singular)
ōrdinēs (nominative plural)
ōrdinis (genitive singular)
ōrdinum (genitive plural)
ōrdinī (dative singular)
ōrdinibus (dative plural)
ōrdinem (accusative singular)
ōrdinēs (accusative plural)
ōrdine (ablative singular)
ōrdinibus (ablative plural)
ōrdō (singular vocative)
ōrdinēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: urdin

Romanian: ordin, ordine

Padanian:

Friulian: ordin

Piedmontese: ordo

Romansch: urden, uorden

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: ordine, ordini

Dalmatian: jorden

Neapolitan: ordine, urdine

Sicilian: ùrdini, òrdini

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: ordre

French: orne

Occitan: òrde

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: orde

Old Galician-Portuguese: orden, ordin

Galician: orde, engorde

Portuguese: ordem

Spanish: orden

Sardinian:

Campidanese: òrdini, òldini

Logudorese: òrdine, òldine

Borrowed:

→ Albanian: urdhër

→ Breton: urzh

desc

→ Bulgarian: орден (orden), ордер (order)

→ Danish: orden, ordning, ordre

→ Dutch: orde, order

→ Indonesian: orde

→ English: ordo

→ Esperanto: ordeno, ordino, ordo, ordono

Ido: ordeno, ordino, ordo

→ French: ordo

→ German: Orden, Order, ordern, Ordnung, Ordo

→ Hunsrik: Orde

→ Indonesian: ordo

→ Interlingua: ordine

→ Irish: ord

→ Italian: ordine

→ Norwegian: orden, ordning, ordre

→ Old French: ordre, ordne, ordene

Middle French: ordre

French: ordre

→ Middle English: ordre

English: order

→ Polish: order, ordynek

→ Russian: орден (orden), ордер (order)

→ Scottish Gaelic: òrdaich, òrdugh

→ Swahili: oda

→ Swedish: orden, order, ordning

→ Ukrainian: орден (orden), ордер (order)

→ Welsh: urdd

From Proto-Italic *ordō (“row, order”); the initial ō- is a secondary development. Probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂or-dʰ-Hō, from *h₂er- (“to fit together”), whence artus.

a methodical series, arrangement, or order; regular line, row, or series

a group (of people) of the same class, caste, station, or rank ("vir senatorii ordinis")

(military) A rank or line of soldiers; band, troop, company

(military) command, captaincy, generalship

Liturgy of the Hours
Liturgy of the Hours

(Ecclesiastical Latin) a guide for the celebration of a liturgical rite, such as the Mass or the Liturgy of the Hours ("Ordo Romanus Primus", "Ordo Missae")


numerator

la-noun

numerātor m (genitive numerātōris); third declension

numerātor (canonical masculine)
numerātōris (genitive)
numerātor (nominative singular)
numerātōrēs (nominative plural)
numerātōris (genitive singular)
numerātōrum (genitive plural)
numerātōrī (dative singular)
numerātōribus (dative plural)
numerātōrem (accusative singular)
numerātōrēs (accusative plural)
numerātōre (ablative singular)
numerātōribus (ablative plural)
numerātor (singular vocative)
numerātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ English: numerator

desctree

→ Middle French: numerateur
French: numérateur

Italian: numeratore

Spanish: numerador

[nʊmɛˈräːt̪ɔr]

From numerō (“count, reckon”) + -tor, from numerus (“number”).


pubes

la-adj

pūbēs (genitive pūberis); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)

pūbēs (canonical)
pūberis (genitive)
pūbēs (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
pūberēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
pūbera (neuter nominative plural)
pūberis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
pūberum (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
pūberī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
pūberibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
pūberem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
pūbēs (accusative neuter singular)
pūberēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
pūbera (accusative neuter plural)
pūbere (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
pūberibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
pūbēs (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
pūberēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
pūbera (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: púber

→ Italian: pubere

→ Dutch: puber

→ Portuguese: púbere

→ Spanish: púber

Possible connection with puer, pūpus, pūsus, putus.


pubes

la-noun

pūbēs f (genitive pūbis); third declension

pūbēs (canonical feminine)
pūbis (genitive)
pūbēs (nominative singular)
pūbēs (nominative plural)
pūbis (genitive singular)
pūbium (genitive plural)
pūbī (dative singular)
pūbibus (dative plural)
pūbem (accusative singular)
pūbēs (accusative plural)
pūbīs (accusative plural)
pūbe (ablative singular)
pūbibus (ablative plural)
pūbēs (singular vocative)
pūbēs (plural vocative)

Italian: pube

Portuguese: pube, pubes, púbis


translatio

trānslātiō f (genitive trānslātiōnis); third declension

trānslātiō (canonical feminine)
trānslātiōnis (genitive)
trānslātiō (nominative singular)
trānslātiōnēs (nominative plural)
trānslātiōnis (genitive singular)
trānslātiōnum (genitive plural)
trānslātiōnī (dative singular)
trānslātiōnibus (dative plural)
trānslātiōnem (accusative singular)
trānslātiōnēs (accusative plural)
trānslātiōne (ablative singular)
trānslātiōnibus (ablative plural)
trānslātiō (singular vocative)
trānslātiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Czech: translace

→ Dutch: translatie

→ English: translation

→ Finnish: translaatio

French: translation

→ German: Translation

Italian: traslazione

→ Norwegian: translasjon

Occitan: translacion

→ Polish: translacja

Portuguese: translação

Romanian: translație

→ Russian: трансля́ция (transljácija)

desc

трансла́ција

→ Serbo-Croatian: трансла́ција, translácija

→ Slovak: translácia

Spanish: traslación

→ Swedish: translation

→ Ukrainian: трансляція (transljacija)

[t̪rä̃ːs̠ˈɫ̪äːt̪ioː]

From the supine stem of trānsferō (“to transfer, carry over”) + -tiō.

af

Translation, in the broadest sense: the process of transferring or carrying something over from one thing to another; in particular:

Translation of text from one language to another

μεταφορά μεταφορά

A transfer from a literal to a figurative meaning; a metaphor (compare the Ancient Greek μεταφορά with the same senses)


viscus

la-noun

vīscus n (genitive vīsceris); third declension

vīscus (canonical neuter)
vīsceris (genitive)
vīscus (nominative singular)
vīscera (nominative plural)
vīsceris (genitive singular)
vīscerum (genitive plural)
vīscerī (dative singular)
vīsceribus (dative plural)
vīscus (accusative singular)
vīscera (accusative plural)
vīscere (ablative singular)
vīsceribus (ablative plural)
vīscus (singular vocative)
vīscera (plural vocative)

→ English: viscera

→ French: viscères

→ Portuguese: víscera

→ Spanish: víscera

Of unclear origin; possibly Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“to turn, rotate”).

der

terra fabās tantum dūraque farra dabat.
quae duo mixta simul sextīs quīcumque Kalendīs
ēderit, huic laedī vīscera posse negant.
The land yielded only beans and hard far. Whoever, on the Kalends of the sixth [months], eats these two [foods] mixed together, they say no harm will [come] to this [person’s] bowels.
(The first day of June was the Kalendae fabariae or Bean-Kalends.)

(anatomy) entrails, viscera, bowels, internal organs


foetor

la-noun

foetor m (genitive foetōris); third declension

foetōris (genitive)
foetor (nominative singular)
foetōrēs (nominative plural)
foetōris (genitive singular)
foetōrum (genitive plural)
foetōrī (dative singular)
foetōribus (dative plural)
foetōrem (accusative singular)
foetōrēs (accusative plural)
foetōre (ablative singular)
foetōribus (ablative plural)
foetor (singular vocative)
foetōrēs (plural vocative)


unitas

ūnitās f (genitive ūnitātis); third declension

ūnitās (canonical feminine)
ūnitātis (genitive)
ūnitās (nominative singular)
ūnitātēs (nominative plural)
ūnitātis (genitive singular)
ūnitātum (genitive plural)
ūnitātī (dative singular)
ūnitātibus (dative plural)
ūnitātem (accusative singular)
ūnitātēs (accusative plural)
ūnitāte (ablative singular)
ūnitātibus (ablative plural)
ūnitās (singular vocative)
ūnitātēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: unitat

Corsican: unità

→ English: unity, unit

desctree

→ Old French: unité
French: unité
→ Middle English: unite
English: unity
Scots: unitie

→ German: Einheit (calque)

Galician: unidade

→ Irish: aonad (calque)

Italian: unità

→ Portuguese: unidade

→ Romanian: unitate

→ Old Spanish: unidad, undad

Spanish: unidad

Sicilian: unità, unitati

[ˈuːnɪt̪äːs̠]

oneness, unity; state of being one or undivided


jus civile

la-noun

jūs cīvīle n sg (genitive jūris cīvīlis); third declension

jūs cīvīle (canonical neuter singular)
jūris cīvīlis (genitive)
jūs cīvīle (nominative singular)
jūris cīvīlis (genitive singular)
jūrī cīvīlī (dative singular)
jūs cīvīle (accusative singular)
jūre cīvīlī (ablative singular)
jūs cīvīle (singular vocative)

[i̯uːs̠ kiːˈu̯iːɫ̪ɛ]


ius gentium

iūs gentium n sg (genitive iūris gentium); third declension

iūs gentium (canonical neuter singular)
iūris gentium (genitive)
iūs gentium (nominative singular)
iūris gentium (genitive singular)
iūrī gentium (dative singular)
iūs gentium (accusative singular)
iūre gentium (ablative singular)
iūs gentium (singular vocative)

→ English: jus gentium

→ English: law of nations (calque)

→ French: droit des gens (calque)


suavis

la-adj

suāvis (neuter suāve, comparative suāvior, superlative suāvissimus, adverb suāve or suāviter); third-declension two-termination adjective

suāvis (canonical)
suāve (neuter)
suāvior (comparative)
suāvissimus (superlative)
suāve (adverb)
suāviter (adverb)
suāvis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
suāve (neuter nominative singular)
suāvēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
suāvia (neuter nominative plural)
suāvis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
suāvium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
suāvī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
suāvibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
suāvem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
suāve (accusative neuter singular)
suāvēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
suāvīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
suāvia (accusative neuter plural)
suāvī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
suāvibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
suāvis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
suāve (neuter singular vocative)
suāvēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
suāvia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: suau

Italian: soave, suave (archaic)

Old French: soef

Middle French: souef

Norman: souef

→ Middle English: suave

English: suave

→ Middle French: suave

French: suave

→ Portuguese: suave

→ Spanish: suave

[ˈs̠u̯äːu̯ɪs̠]

[s̠uˈäːu̯ɪs̠]

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *swéh₂dus (“sweet”). The extension of the u-stem into an i-stem is regular (compare brevis, tenuis) and must have occurred before the loss of *-d- in medial *-dw-.


agitatrix

la-noun

agitātrīx f (genitive agitātrīcis); third declension

agitātrīx (canonical feminine)
agitātrīcis (genitive)
agitātrīx (nominative singular)
agitātrīcēs (nominative plural)
agitātrīcis (genitive singular)
agitātrīcum (genitive plural)
agitātrīcī (dative singular)
agitātrīcibus (dative plural)
agitātrīcem (accusative singular)
agitātrīcēs (accusative plural)
agitātrīce (ablative singular)
agitātrīcibus (ablative plural)
agitātrīx (singular vocative)
agitātrīcēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Catocala agitatrix

[äɡɪˈt̪äːt̪riːks̠]

(Late Latin) Any thing that is moving (of the emotions or spirit)


fetor

fētor m (genitive fētōris); third declension

fētor (canonical masculine)
fētōris (genitive)
fētor (nominative singular)
fētōrēs (nominative plural)
fētōris (genitive singular)
fētōrum (genitive plural)
fētōrī (dative singular)
fētōribus (dative plural)
fētōrem (accusative singular)
fētōrēs (accusative plural)
fētōre (ablative singular)
fētōribus (ablative plural)
fētor (singular vocative)
fētōrēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: fedor

Catalan: fetor

English: fetor, foetor

Esperanto: fetoro

Italian: fetore

Old French: feteur

Galician: fedor

Polish: fetor

Portuguese: fedor

Sicilian: fetu

Spanish: hedor, fetor

From fēteō (“to stink, smell bad”) + -or.


radicalis

la-adj

rādīcālis (neuter rādīcāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

rādīcālis (canonical)
rādīcāle (neuter)
rādīcālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
rādīcāle (neuter nominative singular)
rādīcālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
rādīcālia (neuter nominative plural)
rādīcālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
rādīcālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
rādīcālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
rādīcālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
rādīcālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
rādīcāle (accusative neuter singular)
rādīcālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
rādīcālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
rādīcālia (accusative neuter plural)
rādīcālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
rādīcālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
rādīcālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
rādīcāle (neuter singular vocative)
rādīcālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
rādīcālia (neuter plural vocative)

Òc:

desc

Languedocien: rasigal (“cluster of roots”) (Saurat), roïgal (“large root”) (Cahors)

Limousin: reijal (“tree-root shelter for fish”)

Oïl:

Middle French: rageau, racheau (“tree-stump”)

Poitevin-Saintongeais: rijau (“firebrand made of hard wood”)

Ibero-Romance:

Spanish: raigal (“pertaining to roots”) (probably a later formation from raíz)

Borrowings

→ Albanian: radikal

→ Azerbaijani: radikal

→ Bulgarian: радикал (radikal)

→ Catalan: radical

→ Crimean Tatar: radikal

→ Czech: radikál

→ Dutch: radicaal

→ English: radical

→ Estonian: radikaal

→ Finnish: radikaali

→ French: radical

→ Danish: radikal

→ Dutch: radicaal

→ Galician: radical

→ German: radikal, Radikal, Radikale

→ Hungarian: radikális

→ Icelandic: radikal

→ Ido: radikala, radikale, radikalo

→ Indonesian: radikal

→ Italian: radicale

→ Japanese: ラジカル

→ Northern Kurdish: radîkal

→ Lithuanian: radikalas

→ Macedonian: радикал (radikal)

→ Malay: radikal

→ Mongolian: радикал (radikal)

→ Norwegian: radikal

→ Papiamentu: radikal

→ Polish: radykał

→ Portuguese: radical

→ Romanian: radical

→ Russian: радикал (radikal)

→ Serbo-Croatian: radikal (радикал)

→ Slovak: radikál

→ Slovene: radikal

→ Spanish: radical

→ Sundanese: ᮛᮓᮤᮊᮜ᮪ (radikal)

→ Swedish: radikal

→ Turkish: radikal

→ Ukrainian: радикал (radykal)

[räːd̪iːˈkäːlʲɪs̠]


columnar

la-noun

cŏlumnār n (genitive cŏlumnāris); third declension

cŏlumnār (canonical neuter)
cŏlumnāris (genitive)
cŏlumnār (nominative singular)
cŏlumnārēs (nominative plural)
cŏlumnāris (genitive singular)
cŏlumnārum (genitive plural)
cŏlumnārī (dative singular)
cŏlumnāribus (dative plural)
cŏlumnārem (accusative singular)
cŏlumnārēs (accusative plural)
cŏlumnāre (ablative singular)
cŏlumnāribus (ablative plural)
cŏlumnār (singular vocative)
cŏlumnārēs (plural vocative)


aspis

aspis f (genitive aspidis); third declension

aspidis (genitive)
aspis (nominative singular)
aspidēs (nominative plural)
aspidis (genitive singular)
aspidum (genitive plural)
aspidī (dative singular)
aspidibus (dative plural)
aspidem (accusative singular)
aspidēs (accusative plural)
aspide (ablative singular)
aspidibus (ablative plural)
aspis (singular vocative)
aspidēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: àspid

→ English: aspis

→ Galician: áspide

→ Italian: aspide

→ Portuguese: áspide

→ Spanish: áspid

From Ancient Greek ἀσπίς (aspís, “round shield or asp”).


cento

la-noun

centō m (genitive centōnis); third declension

centō (canonical masculine)
centōnis (genitive)
centō (nominative singular)
centōnēs (nominative plural)
centōnis (genitive singular)
centōnum (genitive plural)
centōnī (dative singular)
centōnibus (dative plural)
centōnem (accusative singular)
centōnēs (accusative plural)
centōne (ablative singular)
centōnibus (ablative plural)
centō (singular vocative)
centōnēs (plural vocative)

Italian: cencio

[ˈt͡ʃɛn̪t̪o]

A garment of several pieces sewed together; a patchwork


tribunale

tribūnāle n (genitive tribūnālis); third declension

tribūnāle (canonical neuter)
tribūnālis (genitive)
tribūnāle (nominative singular)
tribūnālia (nominative plural)
tribūnālis (genitive singular)
tribūnālium (genitive plural)
tribūnālī (dative singular)
tribūnālibus (dative plural)
tribūnāle (accusative singular)
tribūnālia (accusative plural)
tribūnālī (ablative singular)
tribūnālibus (ablative plural)
tribūnāle (singular vocative)
tribūnālia (plural vocative)

[t̪rɪbuːˈnäːɫ̪ɛ]


inflatio

īnflātiō f (genitive īnflātiōnis); third declension

īnflātiō (canonical feminine)
īnflātiōnis (genitive)
īnflātiō (nominative singular)
īnflātiōnēs (nominative plural)
īnflātiōnis (genitive singular)
īnflātiōnum (genitive plural)
īnflātiōnī (dative singular)
īnflātiōnibus (dative plural)
īnflātiōnem (accusative singular)
īnflātiōnēs (accusative plural)
īnflātiōne (ablative singular)
īnflātiōnibus (ablative plural)
īnflātiō (singular vocative)
īnflātiōnēs (plural vocative)

Inherited forms:

Italian: enfiagione

Old Galician-Portuguese: inchaçon

Galician: inchazón

Portuguese: inchação

Romanian: umflăciune

Spanish: hinchazón

Learned borrowings:

→ Catalan: inflació

→ English: inflation

→ Finnish: inflaatio

→ French: inflation

→ Friulian: inflazion

→ Italian: inflazione

→ Polish: inflacja

→ Portuguese: inflação

→ Romanian: inflație

→ Russian: инфляция (infljacija)

→ Spanish: inflación

[ĩːˈfɫ̪äːt̪ioː]


brado

bradō f (genitive bradōnis); third declension

bradō (canonical feminine)
bradōnis (genitive)
bradō (nominative singular)
bradōnēs (nominative plural)
bradōnis (genitive singular)
bradōnum (genitive plural)
bradōnī (dative singular)
bradōnibus (dative plural)
bradōnem (accusative singular)
bradōnēs (accusative plural)
bradōne (ablative singular)
bradōnibus (ablative plural)
bradō (singular vocative)
bradōnēs (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to brew, boil”). Also related to Latin ferveō, English brood and English broth.


vas

la-noun

vās n (genitive vāsis); third declension

vās (canonical neuter)
vāsis (genitive)
vās (nominative singular)
vāsa (nominative plural)
vāsis (genitive singular)
vāsōrum (genitive plural)
vāsī (dative singular)
vāsīs (dative plural)
vās (accusative singular)
vāsa (accusative plural)
vāse (ablative singular)
vāsīs (ablative plural)
vās (singular vocative)
vāsa (plural vocative)

⇒ Spanish: vasija (from a diminutive form)

Borrowings

→ English: vas

→ Old French:

Middle French: vase

French: vase (see there for further descendants)

Norman: vase

desctree

→ Dutch: vaas
Afrikaans: vaas
→ Indonesian: vas

→ Irish: vása

→ Albanian: vazo

→ Czech: váza

→ Faroese: vasi

→ Icelandic: vasi

→ Northern Kurdish: vazo

→ Latvian: vāze

→ Lithuanian: vaza

→ Plautdietsch: Wos

→ Polish: waza

→ Slovak: váza

→ Slovene: vaza

→ Uzbek: vaza

→ Yiddish: וואַזע (vaze)

Classical collateral form of pre-Classical vāsum, from Proto-Italic *wāss, cognate with Umbrian vasus (“container”), but further origin uncertain, with no known cognates outside of Italic.


vas

la-noun

vas m (genitive vadis); third declension

vadis (genitive)
vas (nominative singular)
vadēs (nominative plural)
vadis (genitive singular)
vadum (genitive plural)
vadī (dative singular)
vadibus (dative plural)
vadem (accusative singular)
vadēs (accusative plural)
vade (ablative singular)
vadibus (ablative plural)
vas (singular vocative)
vadēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *woss, from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to bind, pledge”).


tentigo

la-noun

tentīgō f (genitive tentīginis); third declension

tentīgō (canonical feminine)
tentīginis (genitive)
tentīgō (nominative singular)
tentīginēs (nominative plural)
tentīginis (genitive singular)
tentīginum (genitive plural)
tentīginī (dative singular)
tentīginibus (dative plural)
tentīginem (accusative singular)
tentīginēs (accusative plural)
tentīgine (ablative singular)
tentīginibus (ablative plural)
tentīgō (singular vocative)
tentīginēs (plural vocative)

English: tentigo

[t̪ɛn̪ˈt̪iːɡoː]

turpe quidem factū, sed nē tentīgine rumpar,

c. 100 CE, anonymous, Carmina Priapea 33.5-6


pix

pix f (genitive picis); third declension

picis (genitive)
pix (nominative singular)
picēs (nominative plural)
picis (genitive singular)
picum (genitive plural)
picī (dative singular)
picibus (dative plural)
picem (accusative singular)
picēs (accusative plural)
pice (ablative singular)
picibus (ablative plural)
pix (singular vocative)
picēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pece

Sicilian: pici

Padanian:

⇒ Emilian: peisa, pesa

⇒ Lombard: pesa, peisa

Piedmontese: pèis, pais

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pege, peigi, pès

Old French: peiz

French: poix

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: pez, piche

Portuguese: pez

Spanish: pez

→ Albanian: pisë, peshgve

→ Baltic:

Latvian: piķis

Lithuanian: pìkis

→ Proto-Brythonic: *pɨg (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *pik (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *piks, suggested to be dissimulated from earlier *pitks (compare development of texō), from Proto-Indo-European *pī́t-k-s ~ *pit-k-és, from *pī́ts (“resin”) + *-ks, and related to pīnus (“pine”).

der

*pьcьlъ

unless inherited from Balto-Slavic; see there for further descendants


transgressor

la-noun

trānsgressor m (genitive trānsgressōris); third declension

trānsgressor (canonical masculine)
trānsgressōris (genitive)
trānsgressor (nominative singular)
trānsgressōrēs (nominative plural)
trānsgressōris (genitive singular)
trānsgressōrum (genitive plural)
trānsgressōrī (dative singular)
trānsgressōribus (dative plural)
trānsgressōrem (accusative singular)
trānsgressōrēs (accusative plural)
trānsgressōre (ablative singular)
trānsgressōribus (ablative plural)
trānsgressor (singular vocative)
trānsgressōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: transgressor

French: transgresseur

Galician: transgresor

Italian: trasgressore

Portuguese: transgressor

Spanish: transgresor

[t̪rä̃ːs̠ˈɡrɛs̠ːɔr]


dominatrix

dominātrīx f (genitive dominātrīcis, masculine dominātor); third declension

dominātrīx (canonical feminine)
dominātrīcis (genitive)
dominātor (masculine)
dominātrīx (nominative singular)
dominātrīcēs (nominative plural)
dominātrīcis (genitive singular)
dominātrīcum (genitive plural)
dominātrīcī (dative singular)
dominātrīcibus (dative plural)
dominātrīcem (accusative singular)
dominātrīcēs (accusative plural)
dominātrīce (ablative singular)
dominātrīcibus (ablative plural)
dominātrīx (singular vocative)
dominātrīcēs (plural vocative)


-trix

-trīx (canonical feminine)
-trīcis (genitive)
-trīx (nominative singular)
-trīcēs (nominative plural)
-trīcis (genitive singular)
-trīcum (genitive plural)
-trīcī (dative singular)
-trīcibus (dative plural)
-trīcem (accusative singular)
-trīcēs (accusative plural)
-trīce (ablative singular)
-trīcibus (ablative plural)
-trīx (singular vocative)
-trīcēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: -triu

English: -trix, -tress, -ess (partially)

French: -trice

Italian: -trice

Portuguese: -triz

Sicilian: -trici

Spanish: -triz

From Proto-Italic *-trīks, from Proto-Indo-European *-trih₂, from *-tḗr. Cognate with the Sanskrit suffix -त्री (-trī) as in जनित्री (janitrī, “mother”); compare genetrīx.
The origin of the medial -c- is unknown. Compare Proto-Slavic *-ica with the same element, and also with secondary thematicization.

-ess, -trix; used to form a feminine agent noun

(often poetic or derogatory) Used to form feminine versions of adjectives (in the same way as above), often with a poetic quality and/or a negative connotation


amator

amātor m (genitive amātōris, feminine amātrīx); third declension

amātor (canonical masculine)
amātōris (genitive)
amātrīx (feminine)
amātor (nominative singular)
amātōrēs (nominative plural)
amātōris (genitive singular)
amātōrum (genitive plural)
amātōrī (dative singular)
amātōribus (dative plural)
amātōrem (accusative singular)
amātōrēs (accusative plural)
amātōre (ablative singular)
amātōribus (ablative plural)
amātor (singular vocative)
amātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: amador

→ French: amateur (see there for further descendants)

Italian: amatore

Old French: ameor

Portuguese: amador

Romanian: amator

Spanish: amador

From amō (“love”, verb) + -tor (agent suffix).


stupor

la-noun

stupor m (genitive stupōris); third declension

stupōris (genitive)
stupor (nominative singular)
stupōrēs (nominative plural)
stupōris (genitive singular)
stupōrum (genitive plural)
stupōrī (dative singular)
stupōribus (dative plural)
stupōrem (accusative singular)
stupōrēs (accusative plural)
stupōre (ablative singular)
stupōribus (ablative plural)
stupor (singular vocative)
stupōrēs (plural vocative)

→ English: stupor

→ French: stupeur

→ Italian: stupore

→ Piedmontese: stupor

→ Portuguese: estupor

→ Russian: ступор (stupor)

→ Sicilian: stupuri

→ Spanish: estupor

From stupeō (“to be struck senseless, be stunned, be astonished”) + -or (nominal suffix).

af

Numbness; dullness, insensibility, stupidity, stupefaction; astonishment, wonder, amazement.

(especially) Dullness, stupidity, stolidity.


servitor

la-noun

servītor m (genitive servītōris); third declension

servītor (canonical masculine)
servītōris (genitive)
servītor (nominative singular)
servītōrēs (nominative plural)
servītōris (genitive singular)
servītōrum (genitive plural)
servītōrī (dative singular)
servītōribus (dative plural)
servītōrem (accusative singular)
servītōrēs (accusative plural)
servītōre (ablative singular)
servītōribus (ablative plural)
servītor (singular vocative)
servītōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: servidor

French: serviteur

Friulian: servidôr

Italian: servitore

Occitan: servidor

Portuguese: servidor

Romanian: servitor

Spanish: servidor


advisor

advīsor m (genitive advīsōris); third declension

advīsor (canonical masculine)
advīsōris (genitive)
advīsor (nominative singular)
advīsōrēs (nominative plural)
advīsōris (genitive singular)
advīsōrum (genitive plural)
advīsōrī (dative singular)
advīsōribus (dative plural)
advīsōrem (accusative singular)
advīsōrēs (accusative plural)
advīsōre (ablative singular)
advīsōribus (ablative plural)
advīsor (singular vocative)
advīsōrēs (plural vocative)

Tali verò tenore vt Macfredus Epiſcopus ſit prouiſor & pater & ordinator & defenſor ac tutor ipſius monaſterij, & omnes Canonici S. Geneſij Sedis Luteuẽſis aduiſores & conſolatores propter Deum, quatenùs illis æterna merces à Domino Ieſu Chriſto.

1658, Acta Sanctorum quotquot toto orbe coluntur, vel à Catholicis Scriptoribus celebrantur, quæ ex Latinis & Græcis aliarumque gentium antiquis monumentis, page 898

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Quod & locum habet reſpectu illuſtriſſimi Brabantiæ Cancellarii cui partium alterutra libellum ſupplicem offert, ut in cauſa indeciſa coram ruralibus Scabinis pendente conſultores ſeu adviſores tres vel plures decernat, ex quorum Conſilio dictis Scabinis ſententia eſt pronuncianda.

1762, Consuetudines Bruxellenses, Latinè redditæ, commentariis ac Notis tam ex Jure Romanorum quam Edictis Principum, nec non Sententiis ac Turbis in earumdem verificationem exhibitis, illustratæ. Accedunt Jura & Consuetudines Supremæ Curiæ Feudalis Brabantiæ, una cum dictarum Consuetudinum indicibus locupletissimis., page 96

Quæ quidem, inter cætera graviſſima, hoc ſemper perplexum invenit, quod iiſdem literis & reſponſum abſolutum peti videretur, & tamen Adviſorum, tam Ordinum quam Conſiliorum, miſſio promitteretur, quorum utique nullus putabatur fore uſus, ſi non ante reſolutionem examinarentur.

1802, Joachimi Hopperi, Frisii, Epistolæ ad Viglium ab Aytta Zuichemum Sanctioris Consilii Præsidem, page 92


spectator

spectātor m (genitive spectātōris); third declension

spectātor (canonical masculine)
spectātōris (genitive)
spectātor (nominative singular)
spectātōrēs (nominative plural)
spectātōris (genitive singular)
spectātōrum (genitive plural)
spectātōrī (dative singular)
spectātōribus (dative plural)
spectātōrem (accusative singular)
spectātōrēs (accusative plural)
spectātōre (ablative singular)
spectātōribus (ablative plural)
spectātor (singular vocative)
spectātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: espectador

English: spectator

French: spectateur

Italian: spettatore

Norman: spectateur

Portuguese: espectador

Romanian: spectator

Spanish: espectador

[s̠pɛkˈt̪äːt̪ɔr]

From spectō (“watch”) + -tor, from speciō (“look at”). Doublet of speculator.


lax

lax f (genitive lacis); third declension

lacis (genitive)
lax (nominative singular)
lacēs (nominative plural)
lacis (genitive singular)
lacum (genitive plural)
lacī (dative singular)
lacibus (dative plural)
lacem (accusative singular)
lacēs (accusative plural)
lace (ablative singular)
lacibus (ablative plural)
lax (singular vocative)
lacēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *laks, from the same source as laciō (“entice”).


tergiversator

tergiversātor m (genitive tergiversātōris, feminine tergiversātrīx); third declension

tergiversātor (canonical masculine)
tergiversātōris (genitive)
tergiversātrīx (feminine)
tergiversātor (nominative singular)
tergiversātōrēs (nominative plural)
tergiversātōris (genitive singular)
tergiversātōrum (genitive plural)
tergiversātōrī (dative singular)
tergiversātōribus (dative plural)
tergiversātōrem (accusative singular)
tergiversātōrēs (accusative plural)
tergiversātōre (ablative singular)
tergiversātōribus (ablative plural)
tergiversātor (singular vocative)
tergiversātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: tergiversator

From tergiversor (“to delay, to evade”) + -tor (“-er: forming agent nouns”)

af

[t̪ɛrɡiu̯ɛrˈs̠äːt̪ɔr]

(Late Latin) avoider, delayer, postponer, decliner


capitale

la-noun

capitāle n (genitive capitālis); third declension

capitāle (canonical neuter)
capitālis (genitive)
capitāle (nominative singular)
capitālia (nominative plural)
capitālis (genitive singular)
capitālium (genitive plural)
capitālī (dative singular)
capitālibus (dative plural)
capitāle (accusative singular)
capitālia (accusative plural)
capitālī (ablative singular)
capitālibus (ablative plural)
capitāle (singular vocative)
capitālia (plural vocative)

(Medieval Latin, finance) capital (money)


Plato

la-proper noun

Platō m sg (genitive Platōnis); third declension

Platō (canonical masculine singular)
Platōnis (genitive)
Platō (nominative singular)
Platōnis (genitive singular)
Platōnī (dative singular)
Platōnem (accusative singular)
Platōne (ablative singular)
Platō (singular vocative)

English: Plato

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πλάτων (Plátōn).

Lēctitāvisse Platōnem studiōsē.


legislator

la-noun

lēgislātor m (genitive lēgislātōris); third declension

lēgislātor (canonical masculine)
lēgislātōris (genitive)
lēgislātor (nominative singular)
lēgislātōrēs (nominative plural)
lēgislātōris (genitive singular)
lēgislātōrum (genitive plural)
lēgislātōrī (dative singular)
lēgislātōribus (dative plural)
lēgislātōrem (accusative singular)
lēgislātōrēs (accusative plural)
lēgislātōre (ablative singular)
lēgislātōribus (ablative plural)
lēgislātor (singular vocative)
lēgislātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: legislador

English: legislator

French: législateur

Italian: legislatore

Norman: législateur

→ Polish: legislator

Portuguese: legislador

Romanian: legislator

Spanish: legislador

[ɫ̪eːɡɪs̠ˈɫ̪äːt̪ɔr]

In Classical Latin, the word is usually written separately: lēgis lātor

c. 130-180 C.E., Gaius, Institutiones, 3.76

It has not escaped my observation, however, that the legislator did not express his intention in this manner in a way which is sufficiently clear.

nec me praeterit non satis in ea re legislatorem voluntatem suam verbis expressisse


Ulysses

la-proper noun

Ulyssēs m sg (genitive Ulyssis); third declension

Ulyssēs (canonical masculine singular)
Ulyssis (genitive)
Ulyssēs (nominative singular)
Ulyssis (genitive singular)
Ulyssī (dative singular)
Ulyssem (accusative singular)
Ulysse (ablative singular)
Ulyssēs (singular vocative)

[ʊˈlʲʏs̠ːeːs̠]

A frequent alternative form of Ulixēs (“Odysseus”), influenced by the Ancient Greek Ὀδυσσεύς (Odusseús).


testis

la-noun

testis m or f (genitive testis); third declension

testis (genitive)
testis (nominative singular)
testēs (nominative plural)
testis (genitive singular)
testium (genitive plural)
testī (dative singular)
testibus (dative plural)
testem (accusative singular)
testēs (accusative plural)
testīs (accusative plural)
teste (ablative singular)
testibus (ablative plural)
testis (singular vocative)
testēs (plural vocative)

→ Italian: teste (learned)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst

Middle Welsh: tyst

Welsh: tyst

[ˈt̪ɛs̠t̪ɪs̠]

For *terstis, from Proto-Italic *tristos, from Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s ("a third party standing", after the two parties to a contract or dispute), from *tréyes (“three”) and *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural).


testis

la-noun

testis m (genitive testis); third declension

→ English: testis (learned)

→ Indonesian: testis (learned)

→ Italian: teste (learned)

→ Serbo-Croatian: (learned)

Cyrillic script: тестис

Latin script: tȅstis

→ Turkish: testis (learned)

Of disputed origin. Perhaps either:
* From some particular use of testis (“witness”), as in "bearing witness to the sex act", or
* Related to testa (“pot, shell”).

Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus.

c. 206 BCE, Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 1426

If, after this time, I catch you here again, you will be missing your testicles.


missio

missiō f (genitive missiōnis); third declension

missiō (canonical feminine)
missiōnis (genitive)
missiō (nominative singular)
missiōnēs (nominative plural)
missiōnis (genitive singular)
missiōnum (genitive plural)
missiōnī (dative singular)
missiōnibus (dative plural)
missiōnem (accusative singular)
missiōnēs (accusative plural)
missiōne (ablative singular)
missiōnibus (ablative plural)
missiō (singular vocative)
missiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: messió, → missió

→ English: mission

desctree

French: mission
→ Romanian: misiune
→ Turkish: misyon

German: Mission

Italian: missione

→ Polish: misja

Portuguese: missão

→ Russian: миссия (missija)

Spanish: misión

[…] dum ne quem militem legeret ex eo numero quibus senatus missionem reditumque in patriam negasset ante belli finem.

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1

[…] provided he did not choose any soldier from those to whom the Senate had refused discharge and a return home before the end of the war


finis

la-noun

fīnis m or f (genitive fīnis); third declension

fīnis (canonical feminine masculine)
fīnis (genitive)
fīnis (nominative singular)
fīnēs (nominative plural)
fīnis (genitive singular)
fīnium (genitive plural)
fīnī (dative singular)
fīnibus (dative plural)
fīnem (accusative singular)
fīnēs (accusative plural)
fīnīs (accusative plural)
fīne (ablative singular)
fīnī (ablative singular)
fīnibus (ablative plural)
fīnis (singular vocative)
fīnēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: fin

Catalan: fi

Corsican: fine

Dalmatian: fain

Esperanto: fino

Franco-Provençal: fin

French: fin

Friulian: fin

Galician: fin

Istriot: feîn

Italian: fine

Ladin: fin

Leonese: fin

Occitan: fin

Portuguese: fim

Romanian: fine

Romansch: fin, fegn

Sardinian: fine, fini

Sicilian: fini, finu

Spanish: fin

Venetian: fin

Walloon: fén

→ Proto-Brythonic: *fin (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Irish: fín (see there for further descendants)

Disputed. Perhaps for *fignis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick, set up”), whence figō, or for *fidnis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”), whence findō.
For the meaning “region”, compare pāgus again from a root meaning “to fix”.

der

in finem

ad finem

finem facio

29-19 BC, Vergil. Aeneid, 1.199

God will give an end to these (things) also.

(in the plural) boundaries, bounds; by extension, territory, region, lands

huic generī mīlitum senātus eundem, quem Cannēnsibus, fīnem statuērat mīlitiae.

For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.

limit in duration, term (duration of a set length)


pars

la-noun

pars f (genitive partis); third declension

partis (genitive)
pars (nominative singular)
partēs (nominative plural)
partis (genitive singular)
partium (genitive plural)
partī (dative singular)
partibus (dative plural)
partem (accusative singular)
partim (accusative singular)
partēs (accusative plural)
partīs (accusative plural)
parte (ablative singular)
partī (ablative singular)
partibus (ablative plural)
pars (singular vocative)
partēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: parti, parte

Catalan: part

Dalmatian: puart

Old French: part

French: part

→ English: part (partly; also from Old English)

i

from the Old French plural <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">pars</i>

→ English: parse (from the Old French plural pars)

Friulian: part

Galician: parte

Irish: páirt

Italian: parte

Ladin: part, pert

Megleno-Romanian: parti

Occitan: part

Portuguese: parte

Romanian: parte

Romansch: part

Sardinian: parti, parte, palte

Sicilian: parti

Spanish: parte

Swedish: part

Venetian: part, parte

→ Dutch: part

→⇒ English: pars recta

→ Old English: part

English: part (partly; also from Old French)

→ Welsh: parth

From Proto-Italic *partis > parts > pars.
Probably from the same root as pār and portiō. This could be the Proto-Indo-European root *perH- or *per- (“sell, exchange”), which also gave the Ancient Greek πόρνη (pórnē, “prostitute”), and πέρνημι (pérnēmi, “sell”).
Others refer to (the perhaps identical) Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to pass through”), whence Latin porta, portus, parō, pariō, perīculum, experior, Ancient Greek πέρα (péra), πείρω (peírō), πόρος (póros), Proto-Germanic *faraną (“to go, to travel”) and *fērō (“danger”), whence English fare and fear, German fahren and Gefahr.
While keeping the separate root Proto-Indo-European *sperH-, that could also explain Latin parcus, parcō, Ancient Greek σπαρνός (sparnós), English spare.

cog

Ultimas oppidi partes … petiverunt, parsque ibi, cum angusto exitu portarum se ipsi premerent, a militibus, pars iam egressa portis ab equitibus est interfecta

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.28

They rushed into the utmost parts of the town, and a part was slain by the infantry when they were crowding upon each other in the narrow passage of the gates, and the part that exited from the gates, was massacred by the cavalry

Īnstant ārdentēs, Tyriī: pars dūcere mūrōs,
mōlīrīque arcem, et manibus subvolvere saxa;

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.423–425

They press on with such eager haste, [these people] of Tyre: some [builders work] to extend the walls, and to construct the citadel, and to overturn stones with their hands; others [labor] to select a site for a dwelling and to mark it with a furrow.

pars optāre locum tēctō et conclūdere sulcō.

(correlative) pars ... pars ..., some ... others ...

Quod prope ex omnibus partibus flumine et palude circumdata

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.15

Because enclosed almost on every side by a river and a marsh

Ut si qua ex parte

(usually in the plural) a party, fraction, side

(theater, in the plural) a part, character

a part, character
a part, function, office, duty

(politics, usually in the plural) a party

aut quam in partem aut

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico I.40


Hercules

la-proper noun

Herculēs m sg (genitive Herculis or Herculī); third declension

Herculēs (canonical masculine singular)
Herculis (genitive)
Herculī (genitive)
Herculēs (nominative singular)
Herculēs (nominative plural)
Herculis (genitive singular)
Herculī (genitive singular)
Herculum (genitive plural)
Herculī (dative singular)
Herculibus (dative plural)
Herculem (accusative singular)
Herculēs (accusative plural)
Hercule (ablative singular)
Herculibus (ablative plural)
Herculē (singular vocative)
Herculēs (singular vocative)
Hercle (singular vocative)
Herculēs (plural vocative)

[ˈhɛrkʊɫ̪eːs̠]

Via the Etruscan 𐌇𐌄𐌓𐌂𐌋𐌄 (hercle), from the Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês), apparently cognate of Ἥρα (Hḗra, “Hera”) and, according to Haudry, from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”) + κλέος (kléos, “glory”).

der

Nē Herculēs quidem contrā/adversus duōs (Μηδ’ Ἡρακλῆς πρὸς δύο).

(Greek mythology) Hercules, Heracles, heroic son of Zeus.


murmur

la-noun

murmur n (genitive murmuris); third declension

murmuris (genitive)
murmur (nominative singular)
murmura (nominative plural)
murmuris (genitive singular)
murmurum (genitive plural)
murmurī (dative singular)
murmuribus (dative plural)
murmur (accusative singular)
murmura (accusative plural)
murmure (ablative singular)
murmuribus (ablative plural)
murmur (singular vocative)
murmura (plural vocative)

English: murmur

French: murmure

Irish: monabhar

Italian: mormorio

Portuguese: murmúrio

Spanish: murmullo, murmurio, murmuro

From Proto-Indo-European *mormur-, *mur- (“to mutter”). Reduplication points to imitative, onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Sanskrit मर्मर (marmara, “rustling sound, murmur”), Ancient Greek μορμύρω (mormúrō, “to roar, boil”), Lithuanian mùrmėti (“to mutter, murmur, babble”), Old High German murmurōn, murmulōn (“to mumble, murmur”), Old Norse murra (“to grumble, mumble”), Old Armenian մռմռամ (mṙmṙam).

onomatopoeic

imitative

cog

Illī indignantēs magnō cum murmure montis

Those [stormwinds] resenting [their confinement]: With a mighty rumbling of the mountain all around, [against] locked gates they rage.
(Evocative word-sounds convey fantastical noises caused by trapped winds: the alliteration of repeated “m’s” for menacing rumbling, and onomatopoeia using hard “c’s” to personify angry winds clanging their cages.)

humming, roaring, rumbling, growling, grumbling


Hermes

la-proper noun

Hermēs m (variously declined, genitive Hermae or Hermētis); first declension, third declension

Hermēs (canonical masculine)
Hermae (genitive)
Hermētis (genitive)
Hermēs (nominative singular)
Hermae (nominative plural)
Hermae (genitive singular)
Hermētis (genitive singular)
Hermārum (genitive plural)
Hermae (dative singular)
Hermētī (dative singular)
Hermīs (dative plural)
Hermēn (accusative singular)
Hermētem (accusative singular)
Hermās (accusative plural)
Hermē (ablative singular)
Hermēte (ablative singular)
Hermīs (ablative plural)
Hermē (singular vocative)
Hermēs (singular vocative)
Hermae (plural vocative)


anguis

la-noun

anguis m or f (genitive anguis); third declension

anguis (genitive)
anguis (nominative singular)
anguēs (nominative plural)
anguis (genitive singular)
anguium (genitive plural)
anguī (dative singular)
anguibus (dative plural)
anguem (accusative singular)
anguēs (accusative plural)
anguīs (accusative plural)
angue (ablative singular)
anguī (ablative singular)
anguibus (ablative plural)
anguis (singular vocative)
anguēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éngʷʰis (“snake”). Cognates include Old Prussian angis, Old Armenian աւձ (awj), Old High German unc, unko (“snake”), and Old East Slavic ѫжь (ǫžĭ).


ardor

ardor m (genitive ardōris); third declension

ardōris (genitive)
ardor (nominative singular)
ardōrēs (nominative plural)
ardōris (genitive singular)
ardōrum (genitive plural)
ardōrī (dative singular)
ardōribus (dative plural)
ardōrem (accusative singular)
ardōrēs (accusative plural)
ardōre (ablative singular)
ardōribus (ablative plural)
ardor (singular vocative)
ardōrēs (plural vocative)

English: ardor, ardour

Catalan: ardor

Old French: ardour, ardor, ardur f

> French: ardeur f (inherited)

Galician: ardor

Istriot: ardùr

Italian: ardore

Piedmontese: ardor

Portuguese: ardor

Romanian: ardoare

Spanish: ardor

the object of ardent affection, love, flame


puerilis

la-adj

puerīlis (neuter puerīle, comparative puerīlior, superlative puerīlissimus, adverb puerīliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

puerīlis (canonical)
puerīle (neuter)
puerīlior (comparative)
puerīlissimus (superlative)
puerīliter (adverb)
puerīlis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
puerīle (neuter nominative singular)
puerīlēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
puerīlia (neuter nominative plural)
puerīlis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
puerīlium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
puerīlī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
puerīlibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
puerīlem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
puerīle (accusative neuter singular)
puerīlēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
puerīlīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
puerīlia (accusative neuter plural)
puerīlī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
puerīlibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
puerīlis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
puerīle (neuter singular vocative)
puerīlēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
puerīlia (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: pueril

→ English: puerile

French: puéril

→ German: pueril

Italian: puerile

Portuguese: pueril

Spanish: pueril


ius

la-noun

iūs n (genitive iūris); third declension

iūs (canonical neuter)
iūris (genitive)
iūs (nominative singular)
iūra (nominative plural)
iūris (genitive singular)
iūrum (genitive plural)
iūrī (dative singular)
iūribus (dative plural)
iūs (accusative singular)
iūra (accusative plural)
iūre (ablative singular)
iūribus (ablative plural)
iūs (singular vocative)
iūra (plural vocative)

Asturian: xuru

Old Galician-Portuguese: jur

Portuguese: juro

Galician: xuro

Old Spanish: jur

Spanish: juro

→ German: Jura, Jus

→ Italian: gius, giure (learned)

→ Portuguese: jus (learned)

→ Sicilian: jussu (learned)

From Proto-Italic *jowos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-, an extended form of the root *h₂ey- (the source of aevum and iuvenis). Cognate with Sanskrit योस् (yós).

Ius summum saepe summa est malitia.

163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos


ius

Franco-Provençal: jus

Lombard: giusc

Old French: jus, jous

desctree

Middle French: jus, juz, just
French: jus
Haitian Creole: ji
→ Algerian Arabic: جي
→ Dutch: jus
→ English: jus
→ German: Jus, Schü (obsolete)
→ Danish: sky
→ Swedish: sky
→ Luxembourgish: Jus
→ Norwegian Bokmål: sjy
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: sjy
→ West Frisian: sjú
Norman: jus

→ Middle English: jus, juse, juce, juys, juyse, jewse, jeuse, jous, jows, jwisch, juwys
English: juice (see there for further descendants)
Scots: joice, jice

Piedmontese: giuss

From Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“soup, broth”). Cognate with Sanskrit यूस् (yūs), यूष (yūṣa), Ancient Greek ζύμη (zúmē), Proto-Germanic *justaz, Proto-Slavic *juxa.


-ilis

-ile (neuter)
-ilior (comparative)
-illimus (superlative)
-ilissimus (superlative)
-ilis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-ile (neuter nominative singular)
-ilēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
-ilia (neuter nominative plural)
-ilis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
-ilium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
-ilī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ilibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-ilem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-ile (accusative neuter singular)
-ilēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-ilīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-ilia (accusative neuter plural)
-ilī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ilibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-ilis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-ile (neuter singular vocative)
-ilēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
-ilia (neuter plural vocative)

Aromanian: -ilji

Catalan: -il

English: -ile

French: -ile

Italian: -ile

Portuguese: -il

Romanian: -il, -ie

Sicilian: -ili

Spanish: -il

From Proto-Italic *-elis, from Proto-Indo-European *-elis, probably from *-lós. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (“-le”, adjective-forming suffix).

cog

agō (“to act”) + -ilis → agilis (“that may be acted”)

frangō (“to break”) + -ilis → fragilis (“that may be broken”)

-ile; used to form an adjective of relation, frequently passive, to the verb or root.

sedeō (“to sit”) + -ilis → sessilis (“of sitting”)

pendeō (“to hang”) + -ilis → pēnsilis (“hanging”)

flectō (“to ply”) + -ilis → flexilis (“pliable”)

often attached to the perf. pass. part. stem:

humus (“ground, earth”) + -ilis → humilis (“lowly, humble”)

pār, par- (“even, equal”) + -ilis → parilis (“equal, like”)

herba (“grass”) + -ilis → herbilis (“fed on grass”)

(rare) used to form an adjective from a noun or adjective stem, sometimes with passive meaning


-ilis

-īlis (canonical)
-īle (neuter)
-īlis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-īle (neuter nominative singular)
-īlēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
-īlia (neuter nominative plural)
-īlis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
-īlium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
-īlī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-īlibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-īlem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-īle (accusative neuter singular)
-īlēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-īlīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-īlia (accusative neuter plural)
-īlī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-īlibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
-īlis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-īle (neuter singular vocative)
-īlēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
-īlia (neuter plural vocative)

Originally from the above -ilis added to i stems, later used freely.

aedis (“building”) + -ilis → aedīlis (“of buildings”) (attested as substantive)

hostis (“enemy”) + -ilis → hostīlis (“of the enemy, unfriendly, hostile”)

puer (“boy”) + -ilis → puerīlis (“of boys, boyish, immature”)

erus (“master”) + -ilis → erīlis (“of the master”)

-ile; used to form an adjective, usually from a noun, indicating a relationship or a pertaining to.


agnomen

la-noun

agnōmen n (genitive agnōminis); third declension

agnōmen (canonical neuter)
agnōminis (genitive)
agnōmen (nominative singular)
agnōmina (nominative plural)
agnōminis (genitive singular)
agnōminum (genitive plural)
agnōminī (dative singular)
agnōminibus (dative plural)
agnōmen (accusative singular)
agnōmina (accusative plural)
agnōmine (ablative singular)
agnōminibus (ablative plural)
agnōmen (singular vocative)
agnōmina (plural vocative)

→ English: agnomen

→ Portuguese: agnome

→ Spanish: agnombre

From ad- (“to, towards, at”) + nōmen (“name; title”).

A surname or additional name relating to a specific achievement, characteristic or trait; agnomen.


panis

pānis m (genitive pānis); third declension

pānis (canonical masculine)
pānis (genitive)
pānis (nominative singular)
pānēs (nominative plural)
pānis (genitive singular)
pānium (genitive plural)
pānum (genitive plural)
pānī (dative singular)
pānibus (dative plural)
pānem (accusative singular)
pānēs (accusative plural)
pānīs (accusative plural)
pāne (ablative singular)
pānibus (ablative plural)
pānis (singular vocative)
pānēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

desc

Aromanian: pãni, pãne, peni, peni, pãni, pãne

Istro-Romanian: păre

Megleno-Romanian: pǫini, poini

Romanian: pâine, pâne

Dalmatian:

pun, pen, puan

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: pane, panu

Italian: pane

Neapolitan: pane

Sicilian: pani

Padanian:

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: pan

Ligurian: pan

Lombard: pan, pagn

Piedmontese: pan

Romagnol: pen, pâ

Friulian: pan

Istriot: pan

Ladin: pan

Romansch: paun, pan, pang, pàn

Venetian: pan

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: pa

Franco-Provençal: pan

Old French: pain (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: pan

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: pan

Asturian: pan

Leonese: pan

Mirandese: pan

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: pan
Fala: pan
Galician: pan
Portuguese: pão (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: pan
Ladino: pan
Spanish: pan (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pane, pani (Campidanese)

Borrowings:

→ Ancient Greek: πᾶνις (pânis)

desc

→ Old Armenian: պան (pan) (or directly from Latin) (see there for further descendants)

Of uncertain origin. Usually explained as a derivation of Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to graze”), via earlier Proto-Italic *pāstnis (compare pāstillus (“cake, pastille”) and supine pāstum). However, compare pānus, pānicum (“ear of millet”).

Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie.

(figuratively) food or nourishment in general, whether physical or spiritual


homosexualis

la-adj

homosexuālis (neuter homosexuāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

homosexuālis (canonical)
homosexuāle (neuter)
homosexuālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
homosexuāle (neuter nominative singular)
homosexuālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
homosexuālia (neuter nominative plural)
homosexuālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
homosexuālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
homosexuālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
homosexuālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
homosexuālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
homosexuāle (accusative neuter singular)
homosexuālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
homosexuālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
homosexuālia (accusative neuter plural)
homosexuālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
homosexuālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
homosexuālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
homosexuāle (neuter singular vocative)
homosexuālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
homosexuālia (neuter plural vocative)

[hɔmɔs̠ɛks̠uˈäːlʲɪs̠]

From German homosexual (now homosexuell), coined by Richard von Krafft-Ebing.


vitiligo

la-noun

vitilīgō f (genitive vitilīginis); third declension

vitilīgō (canonical feminine)
vitilīginis (genitive)
vitilīgō (nominative singular)
vitilīginēs (nominative plural)
vitilīginis (genitive singular)
vitilīginum (genitive plural)
vitilīginī (dative singular)
vitilīginibus (dative plural)
vitilīginem (accusative singular)
vitilīginēs (accusative plural)
vitilīgine (ablative singular)
vitilīginibus (ablative plural)
vitilīgō (singular vocative)
vitilīginēs (plural vocative)

From an unknown stem with the disease suffix -īgō. Related to vitium, but not directly derived from it on account of the l.


Abas

la-proper noun

Abas m (genitive Abantis); third declension

Abantis (genitive)
Abas (nominative singular)
Abantēs (nominative plural)
Abantis (genitive singular)
Abantum (genitive plural)
Abantī (dative singular)
Abantibus (dative plural)
Abantem (accusative singular)
Abantēs (accusative plural)
Abante (ablative singular)
Abantibus (ablative plural)
Abas (singular vocative)
Abantēs (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄβας (Ábas).

A personal name found in Greek and Roman mythology, famously held by:


accumulatio

la-noun

accumulātiō f (genitive accumulātiōnis); third declension

accumulātiō (canonical feminine)
accumulātiōnis (genitive)
accumulātiō (nominative singular)
accumulātiōnēs (nominative plural)
accumulātiōnis (genitive singular)
accumulātiōnum (genitive plural)
accumulātiōnī (dative singular)
accumulātiōnibus (dative plural)
accumulātiōnem (accusative singular)
accumulātiōnēs (accusative plural)
accumulātiōne (ablative singular)
accumulātiōnibus (ablative plural)
accumulātiō (singular vocative)
accumulātiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: acumulació

English: accumulation, accumulatio

French: accumulation

Galician: acumulación

Italian: accumulazione

Portuguese: acumulação

Romanian: acumulație

desc

аккумуля́ция

Russian: аккумуля́ция (akkumuljácija)

Spanish: acumulación

[äkːʊmʊˈɫ̪äːt̪ioː]


dolor

la-noun

dolor m (genitive dolōris); third declension

dolōris (genitive)
dolor (nominative singular)
dolōrēs (nominative plural)
dolōris (genitive singular)
dolōrum (genitive plural)
dolōrī (dative singular)
dolōribus (dative plural)
dolōrem (accusative singular)
dolōrēs (accusative plural)
dolōre (ablative singular)
dolōribus (ablative plural)
dolor (singular vocative)
dolōrēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: dolor

Catalan: dol, dolor

Calabrese: doluri

→ Proto-Brythonic: *dolʉr

Welsh: dolur

→ English: dol

Esperanto: doloro

desctree

Old French: dolor m, dolur, dulor, dulur
→ English: dolour
French: douleur f

Friulian: dolôr

Ido: doloro

Istriot: dulur

Italian: dolore m

Neapolitan: dolore

Old Occitan: dolor m or f
Occitan: dolor

Old Galician-Portuguese: door f
Galician: dor f
Portuguese: dor f (see there for further descendants)

Romanian: duroare, dolor

Romansch: dolur, dalur, dolour, dulur

desc

Sardinian: dolore, dabori, daori, dulori

Sicilian: duluri, ruluri, diluri

Spanish: dolor m

Venetian: dolor, dołor

From Proto-Italic *dolōs, from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to hew, to split”, verbal root).
By surface analysis, doleō + -or.


erysipelas

la-noun

erysipelas n (genitive erysipelatos); third declension

erysipelatos (genitive)
erysipelas (nominative singular)
erysipelata (nominative plural)
erysipelatos (genitive singular)
erysipelatum (genitive plural)
erysipelatī (dative singular)
erysipelatibus (dative plural)
erysipelas (accusative singular)
erysipelata (accusative plural)
erysipelate (ablative singular)
erysipelatibus (ablative plural)
erysipelas (singular vocative)
erysipelata (plural vocative)

→ English: erysipelas

Middle English: erisipila

[ɛrʏˈs̠ɪpɛɫ̪äs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐρῠσῐ́πελᾰς (erusípelas), probably related to ἐρῠθρός (eruthrós, “red”) and πέλμᾰ (pélma, “the sole of a foot”) or pellis (“a skin, hide, felt, pelt”).


protasis

protasis f (genitive protasis); third declension

protasis (genitive)
protasis (nominative singular)
protasēs (nominative plural)
protasis (genitive singular)
protasium (genitive plural)
protasī (dative singular)
protasibus (dative plural)
protasem (accusative singular)
protasēs (accusative plural)
protasīs (accusative plural)
protase (ablative singular)
protasibus (ablative plural)
protasis (singular vocative)
protasēs (plural vocative)

English: protasis

Italian: protasi

[ˈprɔt̪äs̠ɪs̠]

From the Ancient Greek πρότασις (prótasis).


protector

prōtēctor m (genitive prōtēctōris); third declension

prōtēctor (canonical masculine)
prōtēctōris (genitive)
prōtēctor (nominative singular)
prōtēctōrēs (nominative plural)
prōtēctōris (genitive singular)
prōtēctōrum (genitive plural)
prōtēctōrī (dative singular)
prōtēctōribus (dative plural)
prōtēctōrem (accusative singular)
prōtēctōrēs (accusative plural)
prōtēctōre (ablative singular)
prōtēctōribus (ablative plural)
prōtēctor (singular vocative)
prōtēctōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: protector

→ Danish: protektor

→ Dutch: protector

French: protecteur

Galician: protector

Italian: protettore

Portuguese: protetor

Romanian: protector

→ Russian: протектор (protektor)

Spanish: protector

→ Swedish: protektor

From prōtegō (“protect, defend”) + -tor (agent noun suffix).

af

(politics) a high-ranking honorary title in the Roman Dominate, originally a bodyguard of the emperor


traductor

la-noun

trāductor m (genitive trāductōris); third declension

trāductor (canonical masculine)
trāductōris (genitive)
trāductor (nominative singular)
trāductōrēs (nominative plural)
trāductōris (genitive singular)
trāductōrum (genitive plural)
trāductōrī (dative singular)
trāductōribus (dative plural)
trāductōrem (accusative singular)
trāductōrēs (accusative plural)
trāductōre (ablative singular)
trāductōribus (ablative plural)
trāductor (singular vocative)
trāductōrēs (plural vocative)

[t̪räːˈd̪ʊkt̪ɔr]

From trādūcō (“to lead, convey or transfer across or over”), in turn from trans (“across, over”) + dūcere (“to lead, to convey”).

One who transfers or carries over, conveyer.


Sinensis

la-adj

Sīnēnsis (neuter Sīnēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

Sīnēnsis (canonical)
Sīnēnse (neuter)
Sīnēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Sīnēnse (neuter nominative singular)
Sīnēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
Sīnēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
Sīnēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
Sīnēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
Sīnēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Sīnēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
Sīnēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Sīnēnse (accusative neuter singular)
Sīnēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
Sīnēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
Sīnēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
Sīnēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Sīnēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
Sīnēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Sīnēnse (neuter singular vocative)
Sīnēnsēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
Sīnēnsia (neuter plural vocative)

[s̠ɪˈnẽːs̠ɪs̠]

From Sīnae (“China, the Chinese people”) + -ēnsis.

suf

CETERVM quòd Canellæ diuerſa Cinnamomi & Caßiæ nomina indita fuerint, occaſionem præbuiſſe puto mercatores Chinenſes (nam Annales vrbis Ormuz prodũt olim quadringentas naues è China vno eodémque tempore eò appuliſſe) qui cum è ſua regione aurum, ſericum, vaſa murrhina (porcellanas vocant) moſchum, cuprum, margaritas, aliasq[ue] huiuſmodi merces eueherent

1579, Garcia de Orta (Portuguese), Charles de l'Écluse (Latin translation), Aromatum, et Simplicium Aliquot Medicamentorum apud Indos Nascentium Historia (3rd ed.), p. 58-59


Sinensis

la-noun

Sinēnsis m or f (genitive Sinēnsis); third declension

Sinēnsis (canonical feminine masculine)
Sinēnsis (genitive)
Sinēnsis (feminine masculine nominative)
Sinēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative)
Sinēnsis (feminine genitive masculine)
Sinēnsium (feminine genitive masculine)
Sinēnsī (dative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsibus (dative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsem (accusative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsī (ablative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine)
Sinēnsis (feminine masculine vocative)
Sinēnsēs (feminine masculine vocative)

[s̠ɪˈnẽːs̠ɪs̠]

Nihil eſſe in Philoſophia Græcanica & Barbarica, qvod cum philoſophia Sinenſium antiqva componi poſſit, ſive vetuſtatem ſpectemus ſive dignitatem.

1741, Jacob Friedrich Reimmann, Historia Literaria Babyloniorum et Sinensium, page 7

That nothing in Greek or foreign philosophy can be compared to the ancient philosophy of the Chinese, be it age or dignity we consider.

(usually in the plural) a Chinese person


sinensis

la-adj

sinēnsis (neuter sinēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

sinēnsis (canonical)
sinēnse (neuter)
sinēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
sinēnse (neuter nominative singular)
sinēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
sinēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
sinēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
sinēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
sinēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
sinēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sinēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
sinēnse (accusative neuter singular)
sinēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
sinēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
sinēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
sinēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
sinēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sinēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
sinēnse (neuter singular vocative)
sinēnsēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
sinēnsia (neuter plural vocative)

[s̠ɪˈnẽːs̠ɪs̠]

Alternative letter-case form of Sinēnsis


sinensis

la-noun

sinēnsis m or f (genitive sinēnsis); third declension

sinēnsis (canonical feminine masculine)
sinēnsis (genitive)
sinēnsis (nominative singular)
sinēnsēs (nominative plural)
sinēnsis (genitive singular)
sinēnsium (genitive plural)
sinēnsī (dative singular)
sinēnsibus (dative plural)
sinēnsem (accusative singular)
sinēnsēs (accusative plural)
sinēnsīs (accusative plural)
sinēnse (ablative singular)
sinēnsibus (ablative plural)
sinēnsis (singular vocative)
sinēnsēs (plural vocative)

[s̠ɪˈnẽːs̠ɪs̠]


incus

incūs f (genitive incūdis); third declension

incūs (canonical feminine)
incūdis (genitive)
incūs (nominative singular)
incūdēs (nominative plural)
incūdis (genitive singular)
incūdum (genitive plural)
incūdī (dative singular)
incūdibus (dative plural)
incūdem (accusative singular)
incūdēs (accusative plural)
incūde (ablative singular)
incūdibus (ablative plural)
incūs (singular vocative)
incūdēs (plural vocative)

Afrikaans: incus, inkus

Asturian: xunque

Basque: ingude

Catalan: enclusa

Dalmatian: ancusene

English: incus

French: enclume

Friulian: incuin

Galician: engra

Italian: incudine

Maltese: inkwina

Ladin: ancúgn

Occitan: enclutge

Portuguese: incude

Romansch: inchüna, anchüna

desc

Sardinian: incódina, incódine, incúdina, alcútina

Sicilian: ncùnija

Old Spanish: yunque, incue, inque

Spanish: yunque, ayunque

Venetian: ancùxene

Walloon: eglome

From incūdō (“forge, fabricate”) + -s, from in- + cūdō.


Ajax

la-proper noun

Ajāx m sg (genitive Ajācis); third declension

Ajāx (canonical masculine singular)
Ajācis (genitive)
Ajāx (nominative singular)
Ajācis (genitive singular)
Ajācī (dative singular)
Ajācem (accusative singular)
Ajāce (ablative singular)
Ajāx (singular vocative)

[ˈäi̯ːäːks̠]


Amor

Amor m (genitive Amōris); third declension

Amōris (genitive)
Amor (nominative singular)
Amōrēs (nominative plural)
Amōris (genitive singular)
Amōrum (genitive plural)
Amōrī (dative singular)
Amōribus (dative plural)
Amōrem (accusative singular)
Amōrēs (accusative plural)
Amōre (ablative singular)
Amōribus (ablative plural)
Amor (singular vocative)
Amōrēs (plural vocative)

Improbē Amor, quid nōn mortālia pectora cōgis?
Wicked Love, to what [ends] do you not compel mortal hearts?
(Venus had sent Cupid to entice Dido’s love for Aeneas. Translations – Mackail, 1885: “Injurious Love, to what dost thou not compel mortal hearts!”; Knight, 1956: “Ah, merciless Love, is there any length to which you cannot force the human heart to go?”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “Voracious Love, to what do you not drive the hearts of men?”; West, 1990: “Love is a cruel master. There are no lengths to which it does not force the human heart.”; Lombardo, 2005: “Cruel Love, what do you not force human hearts to bear?”; Ahl, 2007: “Ruthless Love! Hearts break, humans die. How far must you force us?”; Bartsch, 2020: “Cursed love, you make us stoop to anything.”; Ruden, 2021: “Reprobate Love, wrencher of human hearts!”)

(personification of "amor" or love): Love, God of Love, Cupid


stapes

la-noun

stapēs m (genitive stapedis); third declension

stapēs (canonical masculine)
stapedis (genitive)
stapēs (nominative singular)
stapedēs (nominative plural)
stapedis (genitive singular)
stapedum (genitive plural)
stapedī (dative singular)
stapedibus (dative plural)
stapedem (accusative singular)
stapedēs (accusative plural)
stapede (ablative singular)
stapedibus (ablative plural)
stapēs (singular vocative)
stapedēs (plural vocative)

→ English: stapes

→ French: stapes

→ Spanish: estápede

From a Germanic source, possibly Frankish *stap or Old High German stapf, staph (“step, stirrup”), both from Proto-Germanic *stapiz (“a step, rung (of a ladder)”). More at step.
Alternatively: Late Latin; possibly from stō (“to stand”) + pēs (“foot”).

der

[…]quīdam duōs stapedēs et trēs cingulās ūnā cum sella annumerant, aliī hīs singulīs pretium lēgitimum assignant, id est, stapedibus aurātīs

(Can we date this quote?), Dē Tribus Columnīs Jūris Secundum Powissiensēs, volume 2, 16. Dē Pretiīs Rērum

[…] some two stirrups and three belts with a chair are paid out, all assigned a single worth, that is, golden stirrups
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(anatomy) stapes (bone in the middle ear)


coccyx

la-noun

coccȳx m (genitive coccȳgis); third declension

coccȳx (canonical masculine)
coccȳgis (genitive)
coccȳx (nominative singular)
coccȳgēs (nominative plural)
coccȳgis (genitive singular)
coccȳgum (genitive plural)
coccȳgī (dative singular)
coccȳgibus (dative plural)
coccȳgem (accusative singular)
coccȳgēs (accusative plural)
coccȳge (ablative singular)
coccȳgibus (ablative plural)
coccȳx (singular vocative)
coccȳgēs (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόκκῡξ (kókkūx).


commune

commūne n (genitive commūnis); third declension

commūne (canonical neuter)
commūnis (genitive)
commūne (nominative singular)
commūnia (nominative plural)
commūnis (genitive singular)
commūnium (genitive plural)
commūnī (dative singular)
commūnibus (dative plural)
commūne (accusative singular)
commūnia (accusative plural)
commūnī (ablative singular)
commūnibus (ablative plural)
commūne (singular vocative)
commūnia (plural vocative)

joint, common or public property and rights

common feature, characteristic, general rule or terms

(Medieval Latin) league or corporation of citizens


pelvis

pēlvis f (genitive pēlvis); third declension

pēlvis (canonical feminine)
pēlvis (genitive)
pēlvis (nominative singular)
pēlvēs (nominative plural)
pēlvis (genitive singular)
pēlvium (genitive plural)
pēlvī (dative singular)
pēlvibus (dative plural)
pēlvim (accusative singular)
pēlvem (accusative singular)
pēlvēs (accusative plural)
pēlvīs (accusative plural)
pēlvī (ablative singular)
pēlve (ablative singular)
pēlvibus (ablative plural)
pēlvis (singular vocative)
pēlvēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: pelvis

→ English: pelvis

→ French: pelvis

→ Galician: pelve

→ Italian: pelvi

→ Portuguese: pelve, pélvis

→ Spanish: pelvis

[ˈpeːɫ̪u̯ɪs̠]

From Old Latin pēluis (“basin”), further etymology unknown. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“container”). Potential cognates include Sanskrit पालवी (pālavī, “a kind of vessel”), Ancient Greek πελίκη (pelíkē, “a type of container”) Sanskrit पलव (palava, “wicker-work basket of for catching fish”), Ancient Greek πήληξ (pḗlēx, “helmet”).


dux

la-noun

dux m or f (genitive ducis); third declension

ducis (genitive)
dux (nominative singular)
ducēs (nominative plural)
ducis (genitive singular)
ducum (genitive plural)
ducī (dative singular)
ducibus (dative plural)
ducem (accusative singular)
ducēs (accusative plural)
duce (ablative singular)
ducibus (ablative plural)
dux (singular vocative)
ducēs (plural vocative)

Inherited:

Friulian: dûs

Ligurian: dûxe, Dûxe

Lombard: dus

desctree

Venetian: doxe, Doxe; doze, Doze (non-traditional spelling)
→ Italian: doge
→ Arabic: دوج (dōj)
→ Czech: dóže
→ English: doge
→ Esperanto: doĝo
→ Irish: dóg
→ Finnish: doge
→ French: doge
→ German: Doge
→ Ido: dojo
→ Polish: doża
→ Russian: дож (dož)
→ Armenian: դոժ (dož)
→ Azerbaijani: doj
→ Georgian: დოჟი (doži)
→ Kazakh: дож (doj)
→ Ukrainian: дож (dož)
→ Greek: δόγης (dógis)
→ Hungarian: dózse
→ Macedonian: дужд (dužd)
→ Ottoman Turkish: دوژ (doj)
→ Portuguese: doge
→ Romanian: doge
→ Serbo-Croatian: dudž

Borrowed:

desc

→ Ancient Greek: δούξ (doúx, “leader”), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)

Byzantine Greek: δούξ (doúx), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)

Greek: δούκας (doúkas, “duke”)

desctree

→ Italian: duca
→ Ottoman Turkish: دوقه (duka)
Turkish: duka

→ Friulian: duche

→ Romanian: ducă ⇒? duce

→ Sicilian: duca

→ Old Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)

Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)

→ English: dux

→ Italian: duce

→ Occitan: duc

→ Old French: duc (“duke”) ⇒ duchesse f (“duchess”) (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: dux

From dūcō (“lead”, verb) + -s (noun-forming suffix).

af

“… Portantur avārī / Pygmaliōnis opēs pelagō; dux fēmina factī.”
“… The wealth of avaricious Pygmalion they carry across the sea, a woman the leader of the deed.”
(Venus tells Aeneas about Dido. See: Pygmalion of Tyre.)

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.363-364


Canis

la-proper noun

Canis m sg (genitive Canis); third declension

Canis (genitive)
Canis (nominative singular)
Canis (genitive singular)
Canī (dative singular)
Canem (accusative singular)
Cane (ablative singular)
Canis (singular vocative)


castor

la-noun

castor m (genitive castoris); third declension

castoris (genitive)
castor (nominative singular)
castorēs (nominative plural)
castoris (genitive singular)
castorum (genitive plural)
castorī (dative singular)
castoribus (dative plural)
castorem (accusative singular)
castorēs (accusative plural)
castore (ablative singular)
castoribus (ablative plural)
castor (singular vocative)
castorēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: castor

→ Old French: castor

Middle French: castor

French: castor

→ English: castor

→ Friulian: castôr

→ Galician: castor

→ Italian: castoro

→ Portuguese: castor

→ Romanian: castor

→ Spanish: castor

From Ancient Greek κάστωρ (kástōr), from Doric Greek κάστον (káston, “wood”). See also Sanskrit कस्तूरी (kastūrī, “musk”).


Calypso

la-proper noun

Calypsō f sg (variously declined, genitive Calypsūs or Calypsōnis); fourth declension, third declension

Calypsō (canonical feminine singular)
Calypsūs (genitive)
Calypsōnis (genitive)
Calypsō (nominative singular)
Calypsūs (genitive singular)
Calypsōnis (genitive singular)
Calypsō (dative singular)
Calypsōnī (dative singular)
Calypsō (accusative singular)
Calypsōn (accusative singular)
Calypsōnem (accusative singular)
Calypsō (ablative singular)
Calypsōne (ablative singular)
Calypsō (singular vocative)

→ English: Calypso

→ Italian: Calipso

→ Spanish: Calipso

desc

→ Portuguese: Calipso, Calypso (obsolete)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κᾰλῠψώ (Kalupsṓ).

(Greek mythology) Calypso (a nymph who ruled the island of Ogygia, on whose shores Odysseus was shipwrecked, whereupon she detained and entertained him for seven years, bearing him the two sons Nausithoüs and Nausinoüs)


elector

la-noun

ēlēctor m (genitive ēlēctōris, feminine ēlēctrīx); third declension

ēlēctor (canonical masculine)
ēlēctōris (genitive)
ēlēctrīx (feminine)
ēlēctor (nominative singular)
ēlēctōrēs (nominative plural)
ēlēctōris (genitive singular)
ēlēctōrum (genitive plural)
ēlēctōrī (dative singular)
ēlēctōribus (dative plural)
ēlēctōrem (accusative singular)
ēlēctōrēs (accusative plural)
ēlēctōre (ablative singular)
ēlēctōribus (ablative plural)
ēlēctor (singular vocative)
ēlēctōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: elector

→ English: elector

→ French: électeur ⇒ électorat

Russian: электора́т (elektorát)

→ German: Elektor

→ Italian: elettore

→ Portuguese: eleitor

→ Romanian: elector

→ Sicilian: eletturi

→ Spanish: elector

[eːˈɫ̪eːkt̪ɔr]

From ēligō (“to choose, pick out”) + -tor (agentive suffix) from ex- (“out”) + legō (“to gather, collect”) from Proto-Italic *legō, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-. Compare Ancient Greek ἐκλέγω (eklégō).


Castor

la-proper noun

Castor m sg (genitive Castoris); third declension

Castoris (genitive)
Castor (nominative singular)
Castoris (genitive singular)
Castorī (dative singular)
Castorem (accusative singular)
Castore (ablative singular)
Castor (singular vocative)

𐌂𐌀𐌔𐌕𐌏𐌓𐌄𐌉:𐌐𐌏𐌃𐌋𐌏𐌖𐌒𐌖𐌄𐌉𐌒𐌖𐌄/𐌒𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌉𐌔

6th or 5th century BCE, Castor-Pollux dedication (image (page 3; requires access to JSTOR); facsimile)


Cupido

Cupīdō m (genitive Cupīdinis); third declension

Cupīdō (canonical masculine)
Cupīdinis (genitive)
Cupīdō (nominative singular)
Cupīdinēs (nominative plural)
Cupīdinis (genitive singular)
Cupīdinum (genitive plural)
Cupīdinī (dative singular)
Cupīdinibus (dative plural)
Cupīdinem (accusative singular)
Cupīdinēs (accusative plural)
Cupīdine (ablative singular)
Cupīdinibus (ablative plural)
Cupīdō (singular vocative)
Cupīdinēs (plural vocative)

English: Cupid

French: Cupidon

Portuguese: Cupido

→ Italian: Cupido

→ Russian: Купидо́н (Kupidón)

Personification of cupīdō (“desire, longing”), with a change in gender to masculine.


Deo

la-prop

Dēō f sg (genitive Dēōnis); third declension

Dēō (canonical feminine singular)
Dēōnis (genitive)
Dēō (nominative singular)
Dēōnis (genitive singular)
Dēōnī (dative singular)
Dēōnem (accusative singular)
Dēōne (ablative singular)
Dēō (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δηώ (Dēṓ), a synonym for Ancient Greek Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr), the Greek counterpart of Roman Cerēs.


cervical

la-noun

cervīcal n (genitive cervīcālis); third declension

cervīcal (canonical neuter)
cervīcālis (genitive)
cervīcal (nominative singular)
cervīcālia (nominative plural)
cervīcālis (genitive singular)
cervīcālium (genitive plural)
cervīcālī (dative singular)
cervīcālibus (dative plural)
cervīcal (accusative singular)
cervīcālia (accusative plural)
cervīcālī (ablative singular)
cervīcālibus (ablative plural)
cervīcal (singular vocative)
cervīcālia (plural vocative)

[kɛrˈu̯iːkäɫ̪]

Apocopated from cervīcāle, nominative neuter singular of cervīcālis, from cervīx (“the neck, nape”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

af

Cervicalia capitibus imposita linteis constringunt; id munimentum adversus incidentia fuit.

c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 6.16.16

They tied down pillows placed upon their heads with linen clothes; that was their protection against falling debris.


Draco

la-proper noun

Dracō m sg (genitive Dracōnis); third declension

Dracō (canonical masculine singular)
Dracōnis (genitive)
Dracō (nominative singular)
Dracōnis (genitive singular)
Dracōnī (dative singular)
Dracōnem (accusative singular)
Dracōne (ablative singular)
Dracō (singular vocative)

Catalan: Dracó

English: Draco

French: Dracon

Italian: Dracone

desc

Portuguese: Dracão, Draco, Drácon, Dracon

Spanish: Dracón

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δράκων (Drákōn).

The name of an Athenian lawgiver, known for the severity of his laws.


Euripides

la-proper noun

Eurīpidēs m sg (variously declined, genitive Eurīpidis or Eurīpidī); third declension, first declension

Eurīpidēs (canonical masculine singular)
Eurīpidis (genitive)
Eurīpidī (genitive)
Eurīpidēs (nominative singular)
Eurīpidis (genitive singular)
Eurīpidī (genitive singular)
Eurīpidī (dative singular)
Eurīpidae (dative singular)
Eurīpidem (accusative singular)
Eurīpidēn (accusative singular)
Eurīpide (ablative singular)
Eurīpidē (ablative singular)
Eurīpidēs (singular vocative)
Eurīpidē (singular vocative)

French: Euripide

>? Italian: Euripide

Portuguese: Eurípides

From Ancient Greek Εὐρῑπῐ́δης (Eurīpídēs).

Euripides (circa 480–406 BC), celebrated Athenian tragic poet


Ali

Alī m sg (variously declined, genitive Alis or Alī); indeclinable, third declension

Alī (canonical masculine singular)
Alis (genitive)
Alī (genitive)
Alī (nominative singular)
Alis (genitive singular)
Alī (genitive singular)
Alī (dative singular)
Alim (accusative singular)
Alī (accusative singular)
Alī (ablative singular)
Alī (singular vocative)

la-ndecl

For genitive and accusative see e.g. D. Anton Friedrich Büsching, Magazin für die neue Historie und Geographie, vol. 17 (at Google Books, pages 14, 57 and 62)

(post-classical) Ali (son-in-law of Muhammad)

(post-classical) a male given name, equivalent to English Ali


Apollo

la-proper noun

Apollō m (genitive Apollinis or Apollōnis); third declension

Apollō (canonical masculine)
Apollinis (genitive)
Apollōnis (genitive)
Apollō (nominative singular)
Apollinēs (nominative plural)
Apollinis (genitive singular)
Apollōnis (genitive singular)
Apollinum (genitive plural)
Apollinī (dative singular)
Apollōnī (dative singular)
Apollinibus (dative plural)
Apollinem (accusative singular)
Apollōnem (accusative singular)
Apollinēs (accusative plural)
Apolline (ablative singular)
Apollōne (ablative singular)
Apollinibus (ablative plural)
Apollō (singular vocative)
Apollinēs (plural vocative)

Sume fidem et pharetram fies manifestus Apollo

c. 25 BCE, Ovid, Heroides, Letter 15: "Sappho Phaoni"

Take up string and quiver and you are Apollo manifest

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Apollo


Laus

Laus f sg (genitive Laudis); third declension

Laudis (genitive)
Laus (nominative singular)
Laudis (genitive singular)
Laudī (dative singular)
Laudem (accusative singular)
Laude (ablative singular)
Laus (singular vocative)
Laudī (locative singular)
Laude (locative singular)


Ion

Īōn f sg (genitive Īōnis); third declension

Īōn (canonical feminine singular)
Īōnis (genitive)
Īōn (nominative singular)
Īōnis (genitive singular)
Īōnī (dative singular)
Īōnem (accusative singular)
Īōne (ablative singular)
Īōn (singular vocative)


Ion

Iōn m sg (genitive Iōnis); third declension

Iōn (canonical masculine singular)
Iōnis (genitive)
Iōn (nominative singular)
Iōnis (genitive singular)
Iōnī (dative singular)
Iōnem (accusative singular)
Iōne (ablative singular)
Iōn (singular vocative)

A river of Thessaly rising in the Cambunii mountains


Ion

Iōn (canonical masculine singular)
Iōnis (genitive)
Iōn (masculine nominative singular)
Iās (feminine nominative singular)
Iōnēs (masculine nominative plural)
Iādēs (feminine nominative plural)
Iōnis (genitive masculine singular)
Iādis (feminine genitive singular)
Iōnium (genitive masculine plural)
Iādium (feminine genitive plural)
Iōnī (dative masculine singular)
Iādī (dative feminine singular)
Iōnibus (dative masculine plural)
Iādibus (dative feminine plural)
Iōna (accusative masculine singular)
Iādem (accusative feminine singular)
Iōnēs (accusative masculine plural)
Iādes (accusative feminine plural)
Iōnī (ablative masculine singular)
Iāde (ablative feminine singular)
Iōnibus (ablative masculine plural)
Iōnibus (ablative feminine plural)
Iōn (masculine singular vocative)
Iās (feminine singular vocative)
Iōnēs (masculine plural vocative)
Iādēs (feminine plural vocative)


Nox

Nox f sg (genitive Noctis); third declension

Noctis (genitive)
Nox (nominative singular)
Noctis (genitive singular)
Noctī (dative singular)
Noctem (accusative singular)
Nocte (ablative singular)
Nox (singular vocative)


Iris

la-noun

Īris f sg (genitive Īris or Īridis); third declension

Īris (canonical feminine singular)
Īris (genitive)
Īridis (genitive)
Īris (nominative singular)
Īris (genitive singular)
Īridis (genitive singular)
Īrī (dative singular)
Īridī (dative singular)
Īrem (accusative singular)
Īrim (accusative singular)
Īrin (accusative singular)
Īridem (accusative singular)
Īre (ablative singular)
Īrī (ablative singular)
Īride (ablative singular)
Īri (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Iris (messenger of the gods)


Iris

la-proper noun

Iris m sg (genitive Iris); third declension

Iris (genitive)
Iris (nominative singular)
Iris (genitive singular)
Irī (dative singular)
Irem (accusative singular)
Ire (ablative singular)
Iris (singular vocative)

One of the most considerable rivers of Pontus, now the Yeşilırmak


Marathon

Marathōn f sg (genitive Marathōnis); third declension

Marathōn (canonical feminine singular)
Marathōnis (genitive)
Marathōn (nominative singular)
Marathōnis (genitive singular)
Marathōnī (dative singular)
Marathōnem (accusative singular)
Marathōna (accusative singular)
Marathōne (ablative singular)
Marathōn (singular vocative)
Marathōnī (locative singular)
Marathōne (locative singular)


Nemesis

Nemesis f sg (genitive Nemesis or Nemeseōs); third declension

Nemesis (genitive)
Nemeseōs (genitive)
Nemesis (nominative singular)
Nemesis (genitive singular)
Nemeseōs (genitive singular)
Nemesī (dative singular)
Nemesin (accusative singular)
Nemesim (accusative singular)
Nemesī (ablative singular)
Nemesis (singular vocative)