eo

* see: ego

dis m s / tv · qvicvm · q · pivs vel inbenig / nvs legens titvm · q · meo fles ae / tatim · q · mae qvae avte non̆ debvj / talem · q · lvcem nec tales svperos / linqvere qva rem · q · dicis ƒvi enim / hobes caro sponso cvivs · q · mo / res timida semprer · q · castitatem / vivs · q caritatem servavi qvia / etenim · is · a me merebatvr qvi · me / tam caste diligebat vixi ad · q · sim · / pliciter · in cvivs · o · pvdorem · / nemo nec iactare ne · q · apvt caro · / marito inodiari potvi · o · q · cvm / q · tv sancta ƒemina potveris / tam caste vivere scio enim pos / se te care diligi si meo·q·rito cas / titati vivas qvia ego post mevm·q· / obitvm mvltorvm annorvm / memoria marito reli sed ago / svperis gratias qvod dvm · q · eo · / viveri nil volvptatibvs meis / negavit qvia et ipsa mervera · / severa · avg · serv · a · pia vix · an · xx / iiii · m · vi · die · xi h s e · / fecit merenti conivx

epitaph by a grieving spouse, CIL VIII 13134 Carthage

... but I thank the Gods that, so long as I lived, he never denied...

Walther von Wartburg
w:Walther von Wartburg

Alternative form of ego (attested in the 6th c. AD; see also the pagan inscription quoted below)


eo

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

ablative masculine/neuter singular of is


is

la-det

is (feminine ea, neuter id); demonstrative pronoun

ea (feminine)
id (neuter)
is (masculine nominative singular)
ea (feminine nominative singular)
id (neuter nominative singular)
eī (masculine nominative plural)
iī (masculine nominative plural)
ī (masculine nominative plural)
eae (feminine nominative plural)
ea (neuter nominative plural)
eius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ejus (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
eōrum (genitive masculine plural)
eum (genitive masculine plural)
eārum (feminine genitive plural)
eōrum (genitive neuter plural)
eum (genitive neuter plural)
eī (dative masculine singular)
e͡i (dative masculine singular)
ēī (dative masculine singular)
eī (dative feminine singular)
e͡i (dative feminine singular)
ēī (dative feminine singular)
eae (dative feminine singular)
eī (dative neuter singular)
e͡i (dative neuter singular)
ēī (dative neuter singular)
eīs (dative masculine plural)
iīs (dative masculine plural)
īs (dative masculine plural)
eīs (dative feminine plural)
iīs (dative feminine plural)
īs (dative feminine plural)
eābus (dative feminine plural)
eīs (dative neuter plural)
iīs (dative neuter plural)
īs (dative neuter plural)
eum (accusative masculine singular)
eam (accusative feminine singular)
id (accusative neuter singular)
eōs (accusative masculine plural)
eās (accusative feminine plural)
ea (accusative neuter plural)
eō (ablative masculine singular)
eā (ablative feminine singular)
eō (ablative neuter singular)
eīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
iīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
īs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Italic *is, from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Oscan 𐌉𐌆𐌉𐌊 (izik), Umbrian 𐌄𐌓𐌄 (ere), and further with Lithuanian jis, Proto-Slavic *jь.

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction

(pronoun) this or that man, woman or thing; he, she, it, they (previously introduced)

Picks up the subject or object after an intervening clause, to avoid repeating the relative pronoun quī, or substitutes syntactically fronted expressions

(correlative) that...which; he, she...who, it...that

(anaphoric) of such a nature, degree, kind (previously mentioned or implied)

(cataphoric) the following; of the following nature, degree, kind

(determiner) this or that [man, woman or thing] (as a noun phrase modifier)

eiusmodī sermōnēs

[…] 'urbīs' an 'urbēs'. Nam cum id genus sīs, quod videō, ut sine iactūrā tuā peccēs, nihil perdēs utrum dīxeris.
[…] 'urbīs' or 'urbēs'. For as far as I can see, you're the kind of man who doesn't lose sleep over his mistakes; as such you'll lose nothing whichever one you use.

(with genus with nominative or modī with genitive) such a, that sort of

idque gaudeō

As an internal accusative: for that reason, on that account

internal accusative
internal accusative#English

Substituting a clause.
Used in various prepositional phrases.

quod eius fierī possit


te

Aromanian: ti

Asturian: te

Catalan: te

Franco-Provençal: tè

French: te, toi

Friulian: ti

Galician: te, che

Istriot: tèi, te

Italian: te, ti

Mozarabic: ت (t), תי (ty)

Portuguese: te

Romanian: te

Sicilian: ti

Spanish: te

From Proto-Indo-European *twé, *te, accusative of *túh₂ (“you”).


qua

inflection of quī:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of quī:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


qua

Inflection of quis (“anyone, something, anyone, anything”).


his

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of hic


mi

Dā mī basia mille, deinde centum.

c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 5.7

Give me a thousand kisses, then a hundred.

(poetic) Syncopated form of mihī̆, dative of egō


me

Aromanian: mi

Catalan: me

Ligurian: mi

Corsican: mi

Franco-Provençal: mè

French: me, moi

Galician: me

Italian: me, mi

Mirandese: me

Mozarabic: ם (m)

Old Galician-Portuguese: me

Galician: me

Portuguese: me

Romanian: mă

Sicilian: mi

Spanish: me

Albanian language
Ancient Greek language
Dutch language
German language
Greek language
Irish language
Latin language
Lithuanian language
Old Church Slavonic language
Old English language
Old Frisian language
Old High German language
Old Irish language
Old Norse language
Sanskrit language
Welsh language

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁me- (“me”). Cognate with Ancient Greek με (me), ἐμέ (emé, “me”), Sanskrit मा (mā, “me”), Old English me, Old Frisian mi, Old Saxon mī, Dutch mij, Old High German mih (German mich), Old Norse mik, Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌺 (mik). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin me, Greek με (me), Old Irish mé (Irish mí, Welsh mi), Proto-Slavic *mene (Old Church Slavonic мене (mene), Russian меня́ (menjá)), Lithuanian mi, Albanian mua.

by me, with me, from me; ablative singular of ego


eum

From Proto-Indo-European *ím. The medial -u- is by analogy with eam.


ea

nominative feminine singular of is: "she", "it" (referring to feminine nouns), or demonstratively (as a demonstrative pronoun) "this", "that" (likewise referring to feminine nouns)

is

nominative neuter plural of is: "they (things)"

accusative neuter plural of is: "them (things)"


ea

eā (canonical feminine)
ea (nominative singular)
eae (nominative plural)
eius (genitive singular)
ejus (genitive singular)
eārum (genitive plural)
eī (dative singular)
ēī (dative singular)
eae (dative singular)
eīs (dative plural)
eābus (dative plural)
iīs (dative plural)
īs (dative plural)
eam (accusative singular)
eās (accusative plural)
eā (ablative singular)
eīs (ablative plural)
eābus (ablative plural)
iīs (ablative plural)
īs (ablative plural)
ea (singular vocative)
eae (plural vocative)


nostrum

[ˈnɔs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]


nostrum

→ English: nostrum

[ˈnɔs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]

inflection of noster:
accusative masculine singular


nihil

nihil (nominative singular)
nihil (accusative singular)

→ Portuguese: nicles

From nihilum, from ne- (“not”) + hīlum (“the least bit”).

Nīl·ne in mentem·st?

Nihil est.

Nihil sub sōle novum.

Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto.

163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 1.77

I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.

Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.

63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.8

You do nothing, you plan nothing, you think of nothing which I not only do not hear, but which I do not see and know every particular of.


nemo

nēmō (canonical feminine masculine)
nēminis (genitive)
nēmō (nominative singular)
nūllī̆us (genitive singular)
nēminis (genitive singular)
nēminī (dative singular)
nēminem (accusative singular)
nūllō (ablative masculine singular)
nēmine (ablative masculine singular)
nūllā (ablative feminine singular)
nēmine (ablative feminine singular)

Italian: nimo

Megleno-Romanian: nimea, nimini

Romanian: nimeni, nime

Sardinian: nemos

Contraction of the Old Latin phrase ne hemō (“no man”) (Classical ne homō). Compare praeda for praehenda.

Quem nemo ferro potuit superare nec auro.

Whom none could overcome with iron or gold.

Amīcus omnibus, amīcus nemini.

Vicinam neminem amo magis quam te.

I love a neighbouring nobody more than you.

Nemo, nisi sapiens, liber est.

Nemo ante mortem beatus.

No one [can be called] happy before his death.

Nemo non formosus filius matri.

No one fails to be a beautiful son for his mother.

Absque sanitate nemo felix.

Nemo sine sapientia beatus est.

Nemo cum sarcinis enatat.

No one swims away with his bundles/belongings.

Nemo est supra leges.

Nemo ex amoris vulnere sanus abit.

No one walks away unscathed from the wound of love.

Horum te mori nemo coget, omnes docebunt; horum nemo annos tuos conteret, suos tibi contribuet; nullius ex his sermo periculosus erit, nullius amicitia capitalis, nullius sumptuosa obseruatio.

c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, De brevitate vitae 15

No one of these will force you to die, but all will teach you how to die; no one of these will wear out your years, but each will add his own years to yours; conversations with no one of these will bring you peril, the friendship of none will endanger your life, the courting of none will tax your purse.

nēminem captivabimus nisi iure victum

We shall not arrest anyone without a court verdict


ei

inflection of is:
nominative masculine plural


tu

head

tū (second person singular, possessive adjective tuus)

tū (canonical)
tuus (adjective possessive)

Aromanian: tu

Corsican: tù

Dalmatian: te

Franco-Provençal: te

Friulian: tu

Istro-Romanian: tú

Italian: tu

Ladin: tu

Megleno-Romanian: tu

Mozarabic: ت (tu)

Navarro-Aragonese: tu

Aragonese: tu

Neapolitan: tu

Old French: tu

Gallo: tu

Middle French:

French: tu

Norman: tu, tu (Guernésiais)

Picard: tu

Walloon: tu

Old Leonese:

Asturian: tu

Leonese: tu

Mirandese: tu

Old Occitan: tu

Occitan: tu

Old Catalan: tu

Catalan: tu

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: tu
Fala: tu
Galician: tu, ti
Portuguese: tu

Old Spanish: tu

Extremaduran: tú

Ladino: tu

Spanish: tú
Chavacano: tu

Romanian: tu

Romansch: tu, tü

Sardinian: tue

Sicilian: tu

Venetan: ti

From Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ or *tū.

Mē tuī pudet.

Ablative case
Accusative case
Dative case
Genitive case
Nominative case
Vocative case


se

head

sē (accusative and ablative, no nominative)

sē (canonical)
ego (first-person nominative personal possessive pronoun singular)
meī (first-person genitive personal possessive pronoun singular)
mihi (dative first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
mē (ablative accusative first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
meus (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
-a (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
-um (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
tū (nominative personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
tuī (genitive personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
tibi (dative personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
tē (ablative accusative personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
tuus (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
-a (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
-um (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
suī (genitive personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sibi (dative personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sē (ablative accusative personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sēsē (ablative accusative personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
suus (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
-a (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
-um (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
is (masculine nominative personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ēius (genitive masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eī (dative masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eum (accusative masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eō (ablative masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ēius (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ea (feminine nominative personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ēius (feminine genitive personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eī (dative feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eam (accusative feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eā (ablative feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ēius (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
id (neuter nominative personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ēius (genitive neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eī (dative neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
id (accusative neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
eō (ablative neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ēius (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
nōs (first-person nominative personal plural possessive pronoun)
nostrī (first-person genitive personal plural possessive pronoun)
nostrum (first-person genitive personal plural possessive pronoun)
nōbīs (dative first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
nōs (accusative first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
nōbīs (ablative first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
noster (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
-tra (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
-trum (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
vōs (nominative personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
vestrī (genitive personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
vestrum (genitive personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
vōbīs (dative personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
vōs (accusative personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
vōbīs (ablative personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
vester (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
-tra (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
-trum (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
suī (genitive personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sibi (dative personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sē (ablative accusative personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sēsē (ablative accusative personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
suus (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
-a (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
-um (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
eī (masculine nominative personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
iī (masculine nominative personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eōrum (genitive masculine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eīs (dative masculine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eōs (accusative masculine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eīs (ablative masculine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eōrum (masculine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eae (feminine nominative personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eārum (feminine genitive personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eīs (dative feminine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eās (accusative feminine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eīs (ablative feminine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eārum (feminine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
ea (neuter nominative personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eōrum (genitive neuter personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eīs (dative neuter personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
ea (accusative neuter personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eīs (ablative neuter personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
eōrum (neuter personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)

Aromanian: se

Catalan: es, se

Dalmatian: se

Franco-Provençal: sè

French: se, soi

Galician: se

Italian: sé, si, -si

Ladin: se

Occitan: se

Portuguese: se

Romanian: se, sine

Sicilian: si

Spanish: se

From Proto-Indo-European *swé (reflexive pronoun).

inh

Vōcālis est littera quae per sē syllabam facere potest.

A vowel is a letter that can form a syllable by itself.

Quīntus quōmodo sē habet hodiē?

How's Quintus doing today? (literally, “is holding himself”)

In mare sē praecipitāvit.

reflexive pronoun
reflexive pronoun#English

(reflexive pronoun) the accusative of the third-person singular and plural reflexive pronoun: oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves

(reflexive pronoun) the ablative of the third-person singular and plural reflexive pronoun


vos

Aromanian: voi, voauã

Catalan: vós, vosaltres

Dalmatian: vu, voi

Franco-Provençal: vos

Friulian: vô, voaltris

Italian: voi, voialtri

Mirandese: bós

Neapolitan: vuje

Occitan: vos, vosautres

desctree

Old French: vos
Middle French: vous
French: vous
Walloon: vos

Old Galician-Portuguese: vos

Galician: vós, vosoutros

Portuguese: vós

Romanian: voi, vouă

Romansch: vus

Sardinian: bosatrus

Sicilian: vui, vuàutri

Spanish: vos, vosotros, os

From Proto-Italic *wōs, from the oblique case forms of Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

“Vōs et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque sonantīs
accēstis scopulōs, vōs et Cyclōpēa saxa

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.200–202

“You neared mad Scylla and heard the howls within her cliffs, and you experienced the rocks of the Cyclops.”
(Note: “accestis” is a syncopated form of “accessistis.” The “vos et … vos et” repetition exemplifies anaphora.)

you, ye, you all; nominative/accusative/vocative plural of tū


suis

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of suus


nos

Aromanian: noi, noauã, nauã, nau

Asturian: nós, nosotros, ñós, ñosotros

Catalan: nós, nosaltres

Dalmatian: nu, noi, nojiltri

Franco-Provençal: nos

Old French: nos, nous

Middle French: nous

French: nous, nous autres

Friulian: nô, noaltris

Galician: nós, nosoutros

Istriot: nui

Italian: noi, noialtri

Occitan: nos, nosautres

Portuguese: nós

Romanian: noi, nouă

Romansch: nus, nous

Sardinian: nois, noso, nosu, nos

Sicilian: nui, nuàutri

Old Spanish: nos

Spanish: nos, nosotros

Venetan: noi, nu, noaltri, noantri

Walloon: nos

From Proto-Italic *nōs, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé.

nominative/accusative plural of ego: we, us


hic

la-pronoun

hic (feminine haec, neuter hoc); first/second-declension pronoun (hic-type)

haec (feminine)
hoc (neuter)
hic (masculine nominative singular)
haec (feminine nominative singular)
hoc (neuter nominative singular)
hī (masculine nominative plural)
hae (feminine nominative plural)
haec (neuter nominative plural)
huius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
hōrum (genitive masculine plural)
hārum (feminine genitive plural)
hōrum (genitive neuter plural)
huic (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
hīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
hunc (accusative masculine singular)
hanc (accusative feminine singular)
hoc (accusative neuter singular)
hōs (accusative masculine plural)
hās (accusative feminine plural)
haec (accusative neuter plural)
hōc (ablative masculine singular)
hāc (ablative feminine singular)
hōc (ablative neuter singular)
hīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme

From older hec, from Proto-Italic *hoke, from *ho (from Proto-Indo-European *gʰo (“indeed”, emphatic clitic)) + *ke (from *ḱe (“here”, deictic particle)). Reconstructed forms with o are made likely by the Old Latin form hoi (“this”).
The feminine and neuter inflected forms were created in analogy to quī, quae, quod. In the Italic languages only Faliscan has a clear cognate inflected pronoun: hac (acc./abl. sg. f.). A petrified form may be present in the Umbrian word for "the same": eru-hu (abl. sg. m.), era-hunt ~ era-font (abl. sg. f.)
In Indo-European the first element is cognate with Sanskrit घ (gha) ~ ह (ha, intensifier), हि (hi, “surely, for”), Czech že (“that”, conjunction), Russian же (že, intensifying particle). The second element is cognate with Latin cis (“on this side”), ce-dō, Ancient Greek ἐ-κε-ῖνος (e-ke-înos, “that”), Old Irish cē (“here”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 (himma, “to this”). More at he, here.

cog

Mitte hunc meā grātiā.

… Miserae hoc tamen ūnum / exsequere, Anna, mihī. ….

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.420–421

[Dido speaks:] “Nevertheless, carry out this one [request], Anna, for [your] unfortunate [sister].”

Hōrum tē morī nēmō cōget, omnēs docēbunt; hōrum nēmō annōs tuōs conteret, suōs tibi contribuet; nūllīus ex hīs sermō perīculōsus erit, nūllīus amīcitia capitālis, nūllīus sūmptuōsa observātiō.

No one of these will force you to die, but all will teach you how to die; no one of these will wear out your years, but each will add his own years to yours; nothing from these conversations will bring you peril, the friendship of none will endanger your life, the courting of none will tax your purse.

hīs dea plācanda est

With these [supplications] must the goddess be appeased

this one; this (thing); these ones (in the plural); these (things); he, she, it


med

𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌉𐌏𐌔:𐌌𐌄𐌃:𐌅𐌇𐌄⁝𐌅𐌇𐌀𐌊𐌄𐌃:𐌍𐌖𐌌𐌀𐌔𐌉𐌏𐌉
MANIOS:MED:FHE⁝FHAKED:NVMASIOI

𐌉𐌏𐌖𐌄𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌃𐌄𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌍𐌄𐌉𐌕𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌏𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌉𐌔𐌖𐌉𐌓𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌄𐌃 / […] / 𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌅𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌄𐌉𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌉𐌍𐌄𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌀𐌋𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌏𐌃
IOVESATDEIVOSQOIMEDMITATNEITEDENDOCOSMISVIRCOSIED / […] / DVENOSMEDFECEDENMANOMEINOMDVENOINEMEDMALOSTATOD
iouesāt deivos qoi mēd mitāt, nei tēd endō cosmis vircō siēd / […] / duenos mēd fēced en mānōm (m)einom duenōi nē mēd malo(s) statōd

The person who sends me prays to the gods, lest the girl be not kind towards thee / […] / A good man made me (in good intention?) for a good man; may I not be stolen by an evil man.

𐌄𐌂𐌏𐌖𐌓𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌉𐌀𐌔𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓[𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌]𐌄𐌃𐌖𐌇𐌄[𐌂𐌄𐌃]
ECOVRNATITAVENDIASMAMAR[COSM]EDVHE[CED]
eco urna tita vendias mamar[cos m]ed vhe[ced]
I am the urn of Tita Vendia. Mamar[cos had me made].

𐌇𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌊𐌀𐌖𐌉𐌏𐌔[…]𐌌𐌏𐌍𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌄𐌕𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌃[𐌏]𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌐𐌓𐌏𐌅𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏𐌃
HOIMEDMITATKAVIOS[…]MONIOSQETIOSD[O]NOMPROFILEOD
Hoi mēd mitāt Kāvios […]monios Qetios d[ō]nom prō fileōd.

6th century BC, Tibur pedestal inscription (CIL I² 2658; image (page 18))

Kavios […]monios Qetios places me here as a gift on behalf of his son.

𐌍𐌄𐌉[- - -]𐌐𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌𐌊𐌏𐌌𐌌𐌄𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌔𐌏𐌊𐌉𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌉𐌀𐌃𐌃𐌄𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌏
NEIPARIMEDESOMKOMMEOISSOKIOISTRIVOIADDEOMDVO
nei pari med esom kom meois sokiois trifos audeom duo[m]

Do not take me! I am with my three companions (property) of the two Audii


ego

head

egō̆ (first person, nominative, plural nōs)

Sardinian: dego, deo, deu, ego, eo, eu

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: iou

Istro-Romanian: io

Megleno-Romanian: io

Romanian: eu, io

Dalmatian:

ju

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: eiu

Old Italian: eo

Italian: io
→ Interlingua: io

Gallurese: e

Neapolitan: io

Sassarese: éiu

desc

Sicilian: ju, jo, eu, jeu, ia, iu, jù, jèu, jò, ìa, ìu

Padanian:

Friulian: jo

Romansch: jau

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: jo

Franco-Provençal: je

Old French: je (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: jo

desctree

Old Occitan: eu, ieu, ie (before an enclitic)
Occitan: ieu

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: yo

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: yo

Extremaduran: yo

Leonese: you

Mirandese: you

Old Galician-Portuguese: eu (see there for further descendants)

Galician: eu

Portuguese: eu

Old Spanish: yo (see there for further descendants)

→ Catalan: ego

→ Dutch: ego

→ English: ego

→ French: ego

→ Galician: ego

→ German: Ego

→ Italian: ego

→ Portuguese: ego

→ Spanish: ego

From Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ).

4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Tobit 3:19

And either I was unworthy of them, or they perhaps were not worthy of me: because perhaps thou hast kept me for another man

et aut ego indigna fui illis aut illi mihi forsitan digni non fuerunt quia forsitan viro alio conservasti me

I; first person singular personal pronoun, nominative case


id

id (nominative singular)
ea (nominative plural)
eius (genitive singular)
ejus (genitive singular)
eōrum (genitive plural)
eī (dative singular)
ēī (dative singular)
eīs (dative plural)
iīs (dative plural)
īs (dative plural)
id (accusative singular)
ea (accusative plural)
eō (ablative singular)
eīs (ablative plural)
iīs (ablative plural)
īs (ablative plural)
id (singular vocative)
ea (plural vocative)

⇒ Italian: desso (id + ipsum)

→ Czech: id

→ Danish: id

→ English: id

From the pronominal Proto-Indo-European *ís; see also Old Church Slavonic онъ (onŭ, “he”), Lithuanian ans (“he”), Latin idem (“the same”), and Sanskrit third person pronoun एना (enā, “that”).


tuo

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of tuus


quid

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷid; compare *kʷis.
The sense “why” is an adverbial accusative; compare Ancient Greek τί (tí).

Quid dīcam?

neuter nominative/accusative singular of quis

Aeneid 12.872 by Vergil

How will your sister help you now, Turnus?

Quid nunc tē tua, Turne, potest germāna iuvāre?


quod

Inflection of quī (“who, which”), corresponding to Proto-Indo-European *kʷod, whence also Old English hwæt (English what).

neuter nominative/accusative singular of quī


qualia

nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of quālis


quidam

la-adj

quīdam (feminine quaedam, neuter quiddam); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

quīdam (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quaedam (feminine)
quiddam (neuter)
quīdam (masculine nominative singular)
quaedam (feminine nominative singular)
quiddam (neuter nominative singular)
quīdam (masculine nominative plural)
quaedam (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiusdam (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrundam (genitive masculine plural)
quōrumdam (genitive masculine plural)
quārundam (feminine genitive plural)
quārumdam (feminine genitive plural)
quōrundam (genitive neuter plural)
quōrumdam (genitive neuter plural)
cuidam (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibusdam (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quendam (accusative masculine singular)
quemdam (accusative masculine singular)
quandam (accusative feminine singular)
quamdam (accusative feminine singular)
quiddam (accusative neuter singular)
quōsdam (accusative masculine plural)
quāsdam (accusative feminine plural)
quaedam (accusative neuter plural)
quōdam (ablative masculine singular)
quādam (ablative feminine singular)
quōdam (ablative neuter singular)
quibusdam (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

[ˈkʷiːd̪ä̃ˑ]

From quis + -dam (indefinite adverbial suffix). Compare quondam (“at one time”).

af

Quidam vitiis gloriantur.

(Can we date this quote?), Seneca, Epistulae ad Luculium, III, 28:


quis

la-adj

quis or quī (feminine quae or qua or quis, neuter quid); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds)

quis (canonical)
quī (canonical)
relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
quae (feminine)
qua (feminine)
quis (feminine)
quid (neuter)
quis (masculine nominative singular)
quī (masculine nominative singular)
quae (feminine nominative singular)
qua (feminine nominative singular)
quis (feminine nominative singular)
quid (neuter nominative singular)
quī (masculine nominative plural)
quae (feminine nominative plural)
quae (neuter nominative plural)
qua (neuter nominative plural)
cuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrum (genitive masculine plural)
quārum (feminine genitive plural)
quōrum (genitive neuter plural)
cui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quem (accusative masculine singular)
quam (accusative feminine singular)
quem (accusative feminine singular)
quid (accusative neuter singular)
quōs (accusative masculine plural)
quās (accusative feminine plural)
quae (accusative neuter plural)
qua (accusative neuter plural)
quō (ablative masculine singular)
quī (ablative masculine singular)
quā (ablative feminine singular)
quī (ablative feminine singular)
quō (ablative neuter singular)
quī (ablative neuter singular)
quibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

la-adecl

Interrogative and indefinite pronoun.

From Proto-Italic *kʷis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís. See there for cognates.

Quis custōdiet ipsōs custōdēs?

Nuntium misit. Quem aut ad quem?

106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Pro S. Roscio Amerino 76.10

1903 translation by C. D. Yonge
He sent a messenger—whom? or to whom?

(in the masculine singular, not agreeing with any other word) who

Quid accidit?

Quid est enim exsul?

106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, De Domo Sua 72.3

(in the neuter singular, not agreeing with any other word) what

Pro deum hominumque fidem! Quid hoc est? Quae haec causa est? Quae ista impudentia?

For heaven's sake! What is this? What is the cause? What is this impudence of yours?

Quis hic locus, quae regio, quae mundi plaga?

c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Hercules Furens 1138

What (is) this place? What area? What region of the world?

(agreeing in gender with a noun in a copular sentence) what

Quis es?

Who are you? (with the default emphasis on you)

Quis es tū?

Who are you? (with the marked emphasis on are)

Quī sumus?

(as predicate agreeing in gender and number with subject) who

Quid stās, lapis? Quīn accipis?

163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 831

Why are you standing there, stupid? Take it!

(interrogative pronoun)
(in the neuter quid) why, what for

ut si quid etiam de sua salute ab Aeduis iniretur consili

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 7.9

in order that if any concerning his own safety should have been organized by the Aedui

Sī quis tamen haec quoque, sī quis
captus amōre leget, tē nostrae, Vāre, myrīcae,

70 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Eclogues 6.9–10

If anyone, if anyone reads this captured by love [for these verses], our tamarisks shall sing of you, Varus, and of you every grove shall sing.

Respondit Iēsus: āmēn āmēn, dīcō tibi, nisi quis renātus fuerit ex aquā et Spīritū, nōn potest introīre in rēgnum Deī.

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Evangelium secundum Ioannem.3.5

Jesus replied, "verily verily, I say to you, unless a person is reborn out of water and Spirit, that person can't enter into the kingdom of God."

Nē quis fornicātor, aut profānus ut Esau, quī propter ūnam ēscam vendidit prīmitīva sua.

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Epistula ad Hebraeos.12.16

Do not let anyone be a fornicator, nor a profane person like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal.

(indefinite pronoun, alone and after si, nisi, num, ne) someone, something, anyone, anything; any

alone and after si; ne; alone and after si; ne


qui

la-adj

quī (feminine quae, neuter quod); relative/interrogative pronoun

quī (canonical)
relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
quae (feminine)
quod (neuter)
quī (masculine nominative singular)
quae (feminine nominative singular)
quod (neuter nominative singular)
quī (masculine nominative plural)
quae (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrum (genitive masculine plural)
quārum (feminine genitive plural)
quōrum (genitive neuter plural)
cui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quem (accusative masculine singular)
quam (accusative feminine singular)
quod (accusative neuter singular)
quōs (accusative masculine plural)
quās (accusative feminine plural)
quae (accusative neuter plural)
quō (ablative masculine singular)
quā (ablative feminine singular)
quō (ablative neuter singular)
quibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

la-adecl

Relative pronoun.

From earlier quei, from Proto-Italic *kʷoi, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis, *kʷos.

quei

standard Republican spelling, later especially to distinguish the plural

Mūsae, quae pedibus magnum pulsātis Olympum

239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales 1, (fragment in Varro, De Lingua Latina 7.20)

O Muses, who with your feet press great Olympus...

Nam quod ā Graecīs nunc κλέπτης dīcitur, antīquiōre Graecā linguā φὼρ dictum est. Hinc per adfīnitātem litterārum, quī φὼρ Graecē, est Latīnē 'fūr'.
For, what is now said a κλέπτης by the Greeks, in older Greek language φώρ was said. Hence, by affinity of the letters, he who [is] a φώρ in Greek is in Latin a fūr.

c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.18.5

Quoniam fīliī sānctōrum sumus, et vītam illam expectāmus, quam Deus datūrus est hīs quī fidem suam numquam mūtant ab eō.

For we are the children of saints, and look for that life which God will give to those that never change their faith from him.

Mors hominum felix, quae se nec dulcibus annis

c. 524 CE, Boethius, De philosophiae consolatione 1.1

Fortunate is that human death that doesn't step in during one's sweet years, and comes to the sorrowful after being often called!


eae

nominative feminine plural of is (“they”)


ii

alternative form of eī: they


ille

desc

Aragonese: el, er, ell, ella, era, els, ers, ells, ellas, eras

Aromanian: el, ea, elj, eali, lui, ljei, lor, ãlj, li, lã, ãl, u

Asturian: él~elli, ella, ello, ellos, elles, ellas

Catalan: ell, ella, ells, elles, llur

Dalmatian: jal, jala, jali, jale, louro

Franco-Provençal: el, elli, il, elles, lui, lei, lor, li

Old French: il (M.SG/PL), ele, lei, li, lui, lor, eus

French: il, elle, ils, elles, lui, leur, eux, lei (dialectal, Burgundy, Normandy)

Louisiana French : alle

Norman: il (M.SG/PL), alle, lei, li, leux

Friulian: lui, jê, lôr

Istriot: el, gila, luri

Italian: egli, ella, lui, lei, loro, lo, la, li, le

Ladin: ëi, i

Megleno-Romanian: iel, ieľ

Neapolitan: lloro, llo/'o, lla, 'a, lle/'e

Galician: el, ela, eles, elas

Occitan: el, ela, eles, elas

Portuguese: ele, ela, eles, elas, o, a, os, as, lhe, lhes, lo, la, los, las, no, na, nos, nas

Romanian: el, ea, ei, ele, lui, ei, lor, îi, le, îl, o

Romansch: el, ella, els, ellas, lur

Sicilian: iḍḍu, iḍḍa, iḍḍi

Spanish: él, ella, ello, ellos, ellas, lo, la, los, las, le, les

Venetan: eło/elo, eła, ełe, łorec, łori

From Old Latin olle (“he, that”) (also ollus, olla), from Proto-Italic *olnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ol-no-s or *h₂l̥-no-s, from *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with Latin uls (“beyond”), alius (“other”), and alter (“the other”); Umbrian ulu (“to that place”), Old Church Slavonic лани (lani, “last year”, literally “in that (year)”).
Initial i- from o- has no parallel case and may be owing to contamination from is, iste and/or due to the palatalizing effect of l exilis.

cog

that one; that (thing); those ones (in the plural); those (things); he, she, it

At ille dixit eis: satis est.

(Late Latin) he, she, it (third-person personal pronoun)


sui

suicide

suitheism

From Proto-Indo-European *swé. Cognates include Ancient Greek ἕ (hé), Sanskrit स्वतह् (svataḥ), and perhaps Old English self (English self).

Oblitus suī.

Ex nimia sui opinione.

the genitive of the reflexive pronoun meaning of himself, of herself, of itself, of themselves, one another, each other, etc.

the inflected form of the possessive pronoun meaning his, her/hers, its, their.


quorum

→ English: quorum

→ French: quorum m

→ Irish: córam

→ Italian: quorum

→ Polish: kworum

→ Portuguese: quórum m

→ Romanian: cvorum n

→ Russian: кворум m (kvorum)

→ Spanish: cuórum m

genitive masculine/neuter plural of quis


illa

Aromanian: ea

Asturian: ella, la

Catalan: ella, la

Corsican: ella, edda, illa, idda, la, a

Dalmatian: jala, la

Franco-Provençal: el, la

Old French: ele, la

French: elle, la

→ Norwegian Bokmål: la

Friulian: jê, la

Istriot: gila

Italian: ella, la

Occitan: ela, la

Mirandese: eilha, la

Old Galician-Portuguese: ela, a, -la

Fala: ela, a

Galician: ela, a

Portuguese: ela, a

Romanian: ea, aia, a, -a -ua

Romansch: ella, la

Sicilian: iḍḍa, la/a

Spanish: ella, la

Venetan: eła, ła

inflection of ille:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of ille:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


quale

nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of quālis


quoque

masculine/feminine/neuter ablative singular of quisque


mea

inflection of meus:
nominative/vocative feminine singular


vostro

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of voster


quoi

dative singular masculine/feminine/neuter of quī


ipso

ablative masculine/neuter singular of ipse


ipsum

Aromanian: nãs, is, es

Italian: esso

Old Galician-Portuguese: esso

Portuguese: isso

Romanian: îns

Sardinian: su, issu

Spanish: eso

inflection of ipse:
accusative masculine singular

inflection of ipse:
nominative/accusative neuter singular


ipsa

inflection of ipse:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of ipse:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


ipsa

Aromanian: nãsã, isã, easã

Catalan: eixa, sa

Italian: essa

Romanian: însă

Sardinian: sa

Portuguese: essa

Spanish: esa


nostro

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of noster


hice

haece (feminine)
hoce (neuter)
hice (masculine nominative singular)
haece (feminine nominative singular)
hoce (neuter nominative singular)
hīce (masculine nominative plural)
haece (feminine neuter nominative plural)
huiusce (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
hōrunce (genitive masculine plural)
hōrumce (genitive masculine plural)
hārunce (feminine genitive plural)
hārumce (feminine genitive plural)
hōrunce (genitive neuter plural)
hōrumce (genitive neuter plural)
huīce (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
hīsce (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
hunce (accusative masculine singular)
hance (accusative feminine singular)
hoce (accusative neuter singular)
hōsce (accusative masculine plural)
hāsce (accusative feminine plural)
haece (accusative neuter plural)
hōce (ablative masculine singular)
hāce (ablative feminine singular)
hōce (ablative neuter singular)
hīsce (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Italic *hek(e); see hic for more. Seemingly the more archaic form, retained rarely in Classical Latin as an emphatic variant and reanalysed as hic + -ce.

Num ergo aquila ita ut hice praedicant sciciderat pectus?

170 BCE – c. 86 BCE, Accius, Didascalica 1.4

Surely then an eagle did not tear apart his breast as these men declare?

Caecilii versus hice sunt.

c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 3.16.4


meo

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of meus


eam

accusative feminine singular of is: "her", "it" (referring to feminine nouns), or demonstratively (as a demonstrative pronoun) "this", "that" (likewise referring to feminine nouns).


nobis

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: noauã

Romanian: nouă

Sardinian:

nois

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of nōs


nostri

nominative/vocative masculine plural of noster: "our (plural masculine noun or noun phrase)"

noster

genitive masculine singular of noster: "of our (singular masculine noun or noun phrase)"

noster

genitive neuter singular of noster: "of our (singular neuter noun or noun phrase)"


quam

See quī (relative pronoun and interrogative adjective).


quisque

la-adj

Indefinite substantival pronoun, singular only.

quisque (feminine quaeque, neuter quidque or quicque); indefinite substantival pronoun, singular only

Indefinite adjectival pronoun.

quisque (feminine quaeque, neuter quodque); indefinite adjectival pronoun

quisque (canonical)
indefinite substantival pronoun (canonical)
quaeque (feminine)
quidque (neuter)
quicque (neuter)
quaeque (feminine)
quodque (neuter)
quisque (masculine nominative singular)
quaeque (feminine nominative singular)
quidque (neuter nominative singular)
quicque (neuter nominative singular)
cuiusque (genitive singular)
cuique (dative singular)
quemque (accusative masculine singular)
quamque (accusative feminine singular)
quidque (accusative neuter singular)
quicque (accusative neuter singular)
quōque (ablative masculine singular)
quīque (ablative masculine singular)
quāque (ablative feminine singular)
quīque (ablative feminine singular)
quōque (ablative neuter singular)
quīque (ablative neuter singular)
quisque (masculine nominative singular)
quaeque (feminine nominative singular)
quodque (neuter nominative singular)
quīque (masculine nominative plural)
quaeque (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiusque (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumque (genitive masculine plural)
quārumque (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumque (genitive neuter plural)
cuique (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibusque (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsque (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quemque (accusative masculine singular)
quamque (accusative feminine singular)
quodque (accusative neuter singular)
quōsque (accusative masculine plural)
quāsque (accusative feminine plural)
quaeque (accusative neuter plural)
quōque (ablative masculine singular)
quāque (ablative feminine singular)
quōque (ablative neuter singular)
quibusque (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsque (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

la-adecl

indefinite adjectival pronoun.

Sardinian: kis (Old Sardinian)

→ Spanish: quisque

From quis + -que (“each”). Compare to quoque and quisquam, and a parallel development in Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌿𐌷 (ƕazuh).

altissima quaeque flumina minimo sono labi

Quintus Curtius Rufus, Historiae Alexandri Magni VII, 4

Whichever rivers are deepest flow with the least sound.


quisquis

head

quisquis m or f (indefinite, neuter quidquid or quicquid)

quidquid (neuter)
quicquid (neuter)
quisquis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
quidquid (neuter nominative singular)
quicquid (neuter nominative singular)
quīquī (masculine nominative plural)
quaequae (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiuscuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumquōrum (genitive masculine plural)
quārumquārum (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumquōrum (genitive neuter plural)
cuicui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibusquibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsquīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quemquem (accusative masculine singular)
quamquam (accusative feminine singular)
quidquid (accusative neuter singular)
quicquid (accusative neuter singular)
quōsquōs (accusative masculine plural)
quāsquās (accusative feminine plural)
quaequae (accusative neuter plural)
quōquō (ablative masculine singular)
quāquā (ablative feminine singular)
quōquō (ablative neuter singular)
quibusquibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsquīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quisquis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
quidquid (neuter singular vocative)
quicquid (neuter singular vocative)
quīquī (masculine plural vocative)
quaequae (feminine neuter plural vocative)

desc

→ English: quiscos, quiscus, quisqouse, quisquose, quisquous; quiscoskos; quis-quis, quisquis

[ˈkʷɪs̠kʷɪs̠]


eco

In Old Latin spelling, C could represent either the voiceless velar plosive /k/ or its voiced counterpart /g/.

𐌄𐌂𐌏𐌖𐌓𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌉𐌀𐌔𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓[𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌]𐌄𐌃𐌖𐌇𐌄[𐌂𐌄𐌃]
ECOVRNATITAVENDIASMAMAR[COSM]EDVHE[CED]
ecō vrnā Titā Vendiās Mamar[cos m]ēd vhe[ced]
I am the urn of Tita Vendia. Mamar[cos made me].


idem

la-adj

īdem (feminine eadem, neuter idem); demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

īdem (canonical)
eadem (feminine)
idem (neuter)
īdem (masculine nominative singular)
eadem (feminine nominative singular)
idem (neuter nominative singular)
īdem (masculine nominative plural)
eaedem (feminine nominative plural)
eadem (neuter nominative plural)
eiusdem (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ejusdem (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
eōrundem (genitive masculine plural)
eōrumdem (genitive masculine plural)
eundem (genitive masculine plural)
eumdem (genitive masculine plural)
eārundem (feminine genitive plural)
eārumdem (feminine genitive plural)
eōrundem (genitive neuter plural)
eōrumdem (genitive neuter plural)
eundem (genitive neuter plural)
eumdem (genitive neuter plural)
eīdem (dative masculine singular)
e͡idem (dative masculine singular)
ēīdem (dative masculine singular)
eīdem (dative feminine singular)
e͡idem (dative feminine singular)
ēīdem (dative feminine singular)
eaedem (dative feminine singular)
eīdem (dative neuter singular)
e͡idem (dative neuter singular)
ēīdem (dative neuter singular)
eīsdem (dative masculine plural)
iīsdem (dative masculine plural)
īsdem (dative masculine plural)
eīsdem (dative feminine plural)
iīsdem (dative feminine plural)
īsdem (dative feminine plural)
eābusdem (dative feminine plural)
eīsdem (dative neuter plural)
iīsdem (dative neuter plural)
īsdem (dative neuter plural)
eundem (accusative masculine singular)
eumdem (accusative masculine singular)
eandem (accusative feminine singular)
eamdem (accusative feminine singular)
idem (accusative neuter singular)
eōsdem (accusative masculine plural)
eāsdem (accusative feminine plural)
eadem (accusative neuter plural)
eōdem (ablative masculine singular)
eādem (ablative feminine singular)
eōdem (ablative neuter singular)
eīsdem (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
iīsdem (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
īsdem (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Italic *izdim; equivalent to is (“he”) + Proto-Italic *-im (emphatic marker) (whence Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), from Proto-Indo-European *im (whence also Old Latin im, em), accusative singular of *éy (so both parts are from the same source). The s was lost and the i lengthened by compensatory lengthening.
When is' ablative cases eōd, eād became eō, eā, idem's ablative true forms eōd-em, eād-em were interpreted as eō-dem, eā-dem. The neuter nominative singular id-em is natural. De verborum significatione gives emem as a form of the later eundem.http://remacle.org/bloodwolf/erudits/Festus/e.htm The new marker -dem then served to create totidem, tantumdem, ibīdem, etc. Compare tam-en with its later doublet: tan-dem (← *tam-dem).

29 bc. Virgil. Georgics, III

“… Eadem mē ad fāta vocāssēs:
īdem ambās ferrō dolor, atque eadem hōra tulisset.”
“You should have called me to the same fate: Both of us could have been taken by the sword – the same pain, and at the same hour.”

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.678-679

(Anna speaks to her dying sister, Dido.)

eidem

frequently in manuscripts and inscriptions


mihi

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: mie

Italo-Romance:

Italian: mi

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: mi

Old French: mi (early Old French)

Picard: mi

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: me (possibly), min

Portuguese: me (possibly), mim

Spanish: mí

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: mie

desctree

Vulgar Latin: *mibi (blended with tibi)
Italo-Romance:
Italian: meve (archaic)
Neapolitan: meve
Sicilian: [Term?]
→ Italian: mivi (archaic)
Ibero-Romance:
Old Leonese: mive, mibe (alt. spelling)
Mozarabic: מיבי (myby)

From earlier mihei, for Proto-Italic *meɣei with enclitic reduction of /e/ (cf. tuus), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁mégʰ(e)y (contrast with tibi, with the suffix *-bʰi as in the instrumental). Cognate to Umbrian mehe.

Dā mihi calceōs! Pedēs frīgent mihi.

Mihi nomen est…

Ehō, dīc mihī, quis illic igitur est?


quo

ablative masculine/neuter singular of quī


quo

ablative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quis


hac

Feminine ablative singular of hic (“this”).


huius

masculine/feminine/neuter genitive singular of hic: of this (demonstrative)


huic

masculine/feminine/neuter dative singular of hic


cuius

→⇒ Italian: cuiusso

From the earlier quoius (the standard spelling until the early Empire), either from Proto-Italic *kʷojjos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷosyo secondarily marked with the gen. sg. *-s, or from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-s-yo-s, a thematic adjective like Ancient Greek ποῖος (poîos, “of what sort?”) and Oscan púiiu (“cuia”), púiieh (“cuius”). The latter is more likely, since if the adjectival use had been a later development, it is hard to explain why eius, with its adjective counterpart suus, did not share this development. This genitive formation (probably original in pronouns) also appears in nominal forms like VALESIOSIO (on the Lapis Satricanus, early 5th c. BC), but in these it was ultimately displaced by -ī.

cog

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quī


cuius

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quis


cui

to whom? (interrogative); dative singular of quis


cui

to whom, to which (relative); dative singular of quī


mei

nominative masculine plural of meus: "my (plural masculine noun or noun phrase)"

meus

genitive masculine singular of meus: "of my (singular masculine noun or noun phrase)"

meus

genitive neuter singular of meus: "of my (singular neuter noun or noun phrase)"

meus

vocative masculine plural of meus: "my (plural masculine noun or noun phrase)"


nostra

inflection of noster:
nominative/vocative feminine singular


quae

inflection of quī:
nominative feminine singular/plural

inflection of quī:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


quae

inflection of quis:
nominative feminine singular/plural

inflection of quis:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


quibus

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of quī


quibus

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of quis


quicquid

quidquid (nominative singular)
quicquid (nominative singular)
quaequae (nominative plural)
cuiuscuius (genitive singular)
quōrumquōrum (genitive plural)
cuicui (dative singular)
quibusquibus (dative plural)
quīsquīs (dative plural)
quidquid (accusative singular)
quicquid (accusative singular)
quaequae (accusative plural)
quōquō (ablative singular)
quibusquibus (ablative plural)
quīsquīs (ablative plural)
quidquid (singular vocative)
quicquid (singular vocative)
quaequae (plural vocative)

[ˈkʷɪkːʷɪd̪]

Alternative spelling of quidquid; whatever


quidquid

[ˈkʷɪkːʷɪd̪]

Equo ne credite, Teucri! Quidquid id est, timeo Danaos et dona ferentes.

Do not trust the horse, Trojans! Whatever it is, I fear the Danaans even if they are bearing gifts.

whatever
quidquid id est, Whatever it is


quem

accusative masculine/feminine singular of quis


sua

inflection of suus:
nominative singular feminine

inflection of suus:
nominative/accusative plural neuter


tibi

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: ție

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: ti (Northern Old French)

Picard: ti

Walloon: ti

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ti

Old Neapolitan: tebe

Neapolitan: teve

Sardinian:

Logudorese: tie

Nuorese: tibi, tibe

Ibero-Romance:

Mozarabic: تيب (tīb)

Portuguese: ti

Spanish: ti

From Old Latin tibei, from Proto-Italic *teβei, itself from Proto-Indo-European *tébʰi.

Tibi grātiās agō

sī bene quid dē tē meruī, fuit aut tibi quicquam / dulce meum

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.317–318

if I earned any favor from you, or my [love] was in any way agreeable to you


tete

emphatic form of tē (you in the accusative or ablative)


hunc

accusative masculine singular of hic (“this; here”)


haec

inflection of hic:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of hic:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


illo

ablative masculine/neuter singular of ille


suae

inflection of suus:
nominative/vocative feminine plural

inflection of suus:
genitive/dative feminine singular


suum

inflection of suus:
accusative singular masculine


meum

inflection of meus:
accusative masculine singular


michi

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Alternative form of mihi


tute

Tute dicebas!

Tute tibi imperes.

Ut tute mihi praecepisti.

Tibi si recta probanti placebis, tum non modo tete viceris.

c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 2.62

O Tite tute Tati, tibi tanta, tyranne tulisti!

O thou tyrant, Titus Tatius, such great troubles you brought upon yourself!


quodlibet

nominative/accusative neuter singular of quīlibet


illui

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: lui

Romanian: lui, -lui

Italo-Romance:

Italian: lui

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: lui

French: lui

Friulian: lui

Old Occitan: lui

From illī (same meaning but unspecified for gender) with the ending apparently taken from cui (“whom”).

c. iulius nigri lib. oriens víxit / annos xxxxv / iade contubernali suo dignissimo / quoi non licuit in suis manibus / ultimum illui spiritum ut / exciperet
Gaius Julius Nigri, a freedman by birth, lived forty-five years. Iade [has dedicated this epitaph] to his worthy companion [Gaius] who did not have the opportunity to draw his last breath in [Iade's] arms.
(The pronunciation of illui at this time may have been something like [elˈlui̯].)

Formulary of Marculf, I.17

...that the aforementioned villa was granted him, in all its entirety, by the aforementioned prince...

...antedicta villa illa cum omni sua integritate ab ipso principe illo memorato lui fuisse concessa...

him (dative singular masculine; apparently also genitive)


vostri

inflection of voster:
genitive masculine/neuter singular

inflection of voster:
nominative masculine plural


quei

Latin: quī

From Proto-Italic *kʷoi, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷis.


quali

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quālis


aliquid

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: alc

Ladin: vèlc

Romansch: alch

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: alques, auques

Middle French: auques

Old Occitan: alques

Walloon: auque

neuter nominative/accusative singular of aliquis


aliquis

la-pronoun

aliquis or aliquī (feminine aliqua, neuter aliquid); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun

aliquis (canonical)
aliquī (canonical)
indeclinable portion with a relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
aliqua (feminine)
aliquid (neuter)
aliquis (masculine nominative singular)
aliquī (masculine nominative singular)
aliqua (feminine nominative singular)
aliquid (neuter nominative singular)
aliquī (masculine nominative plural)
aliquae (feminine nominative plural)
aliqua (neuter nominative plural)
alicuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
aliquōrum (genitive masculine plural)
aliquārum (feminine genitive plural)
aliquōrum (genitive neuter plural)
alicui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
aliquibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquem (accusative masculine singular)
aliquam (accusative feminine singular)
aliquid (accusative neuter singular)
aliquōs (accusative masculine plural)
aliquās (accusative feminine plural)
aliqua (accusative neuter plural)
aliquō (ablative masculine singular)
aliquī (ablative masculine singular)
aliquā (ablative feminine singular)
aliquī (ablative feminine singular)
aliquō (ablative neuter singular)
aliquī (ablative neuter singular)
aliquibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Sardinian:

alikis (medieval)

q

Ibero-Romance: (via the accusative aliquem, with a stress shift)

Asturian: daquién

Galician: alguén

Portuguese: alguém

Spanish: alguien

Vulgar Latin:

*alicūnus (see there for further descendants)

[ˈälʲɪkʷɪs̠]

ad calculōs aliquem vocō

to invite someone to do some calculation

petere aliquem hastā

… Anthea sī quem

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.181–182

if perhaps he could see anything of Antheus, storm-tossed by wind, and the double-banked Phrygian [galleys]
(See usage note below: Read “aliquem” for “quem” after “si.”)

iactātum ventō videat Phrygiāsque birēmīs …

aliquis tollēns ad sīdera voltum

(pronoun) someone, somebody, anyone, something, anything


alis

variant nominative/genitive masculine singular of alius


vestrum

[ˈu̯ɛs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]

inflection of vester:
accusative masculine singular


vestrum

[ˈu̯ɛs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]


isto

ablative masculine/neuter singular of iste


illum

Aromanian: ãl

Franco-Provençal: lo

Italian: il, lo

desctree

Old French: le
Middle French: le
French: le

Old Galician-Portuguese: o
Galician: o
Portuguese: o

Romanian: îl, al, ăl

Sicilian: lu, u

Spanish: lo, el


eos

Facile erat nobis eos superare.


nullo

ablative masculine/neuter singular of nūllus


mihimet

From mihi (“to me”, dative singular of ego (“I”)) + -met (“-self”, intensive suffix).

af

dative singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">ego</i> (“I”)

Neque, ita mē dī ament, crēdēbam prīmō mihimet Sōsiae, […]

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 2.1.597

And gods help me, at first I didn’t even believe my very self, Sosia, […]

dative of egomet; to me myself, to my very self


memet

From mē (accusative of ego (“I”)) + -met (“-self”, intensive suffix).

accusative of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">ego</i> (“I”)

Nec me secus umquam ei facturum quicquam quam memet mihi.

Or ever act any differently towards him than I would towards my own self.

Quis tē verberāvit? —Egomet mēmet, quī nunc sum domī.

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 2.1.607

Who has beaten you? —I myself, who am now at home, beat myself.

accusative of egomet; me myself, my own self, my very self

ablative of egomet; with me myself, in me myself


egomet

la-ndecl

Pronominal declension with <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">-met</i> suffix.

egomet (nominative singular)
mihimet (dative singular)
mēmet (accusative singular)
mēmet (ablative singular)
egomet (singular vocative)

From ego (“I”) + -met (“-self”, intensive suffix).

af

Dōnec Sōsia illic egomet fēcit sibi utī crēderem.

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 2.1.598

Until that Sosia—my own self—made it so I would believe him.


nosmet

nōsmet (canonical)
nōsmet (nominative singular)
nōbīsmet (dative singular)
nōsmet (accusative singular)
nōbīsmet (ablative singular)
nōsmet (singular vocative)

Sunt quae te volumus percontari, quae quasi per nebulam nosmet scimus atque audivimus.

c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus I.iv.462–463

There are some things about which we wish to inquire of you, which we ourselves know and have heard of as though through a cloud of mist.


nobismet

From nobis, the ablative and dative form of nos (“we”) + -met (adding emphasis) and "self".

dative of nosmet, meaning "ourselves" or "we ourselves"

Ac duabus iis personis, quas supra dixi, tertia adiungitur, quam casus aliqui aut tempus imponit, quarta etiam, quam nobismet ipsis iudicio nostro accommodamus. nam regna, imperia, nobilitatem, honores, divitiae, opes eaque, quae sunt his contraria, in casu sita temporibus gubernantur; ipsi autem gerere quam personam velimus, a nostra voluntate proficiscitur. Itaque se alii ad philosophiam, alii ad ius civile, alii ad eloquentiam applicant, ipsarumque virtutum in alia alius mavult excellere.

To the two above-mentioned characters is added a third, which some chance or some circumstance imposes, and a fourth also, which we assume by our own deliberate choice. Regal powers and military commands, nobility of birth and political office, wealth and influence, and their opposites depend upon chance and are, therefore, controlled by circumstances. But what role we ourselves may choose to sustain is decided by our own free choice. And so some turn to philosophy, others to the civil law, and still others to oratory, while in case of the virtues themselves one man prefers to excel in one, another in another.

ablative of nosmet, meaning "with ourselves" or "in ourselves"


tutemet

tūtemet (canonical)
tūtemet (nominative singular)
tuīmet (genitive singular)
tibimet (dative singular)
temet (accusative singular)
temet (ablative singular)
tūtemet (singular vocative)

[ˈt̪uːt̪ɛmɛt̪]

From tūte (“yourself”) + -met (“self”), adding emphasis.

Tutemet a nobis iam quovis tempore vatum

c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 1.102

terriloquis victus dictis desciscere quaeres.


meamet

Short for mea meaning "mine" or mea ipsius or "my self" + -met meaning "self" or "own".

Meamet culpa.


semet

sēmet (canonical)
suīmet (genitive singular)
suīmet (genitive plural)
sibimet (dative singular)
sibimet (dative plural)
sēmet (accusative singular)
sēmet (accusative plural)
sēmet (ablative singular)
sēmet (ablative plural)

ne ignorando regem semet ipse aperiret quis esset

lest his ignorance of the king would reveal who he was


isti

inflection of iste:
nominative masculine plural


sibi

Italian: sé

French: soi

Romanian: sie, sieși

Portuguese: si

Spanish: sí

From Old Latin sibei, from Proto-Italic *sefei, from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“*reflexive pronoun”). Related to Latin se.

der

sibi placērī

Amicitiam populi Romani sibi ornamento et praesidio, non detrimento esse oportere, atque se hac spe petisse.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44

That the friendship of the Roman people ought to prove to him an ornament and a safeguard, not a detriment; and that he sought it with that expectation.

Phrygium ut nemus citato cupide pede tetigit, adiitque opaca siluis redimita loca deae, stimulatus ibi furenti rabie, uagus animis, deuolsit ili acuto sibi pondera silice, itaque ut relicta sensit sibi membra sine uiro, etiam recente terrae sola sanguine maculans, niueis citata cepit manibus leue typanum [...]

c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 63.5

Attis, when eagerly with speedy foot ey reached the Phrygian woodland, and entered the goddess' abodes, shadowy, forest-crowned; there, goaded by raging madness, bewildered in mind, ey cast down from em with sharp flint-stone the burden of eir member. So when ey felt eir limbs to have lost their manhood, still with fresh blood dabbling the face of the ground, swiftly with snowy bands ey seized the light timbrel …

the dative of the reflexive pronoun meaning to himself, to herself, to itself, to themselves


sese

Potuit ipsa per sese.

Regionibus officii sese continere.

To contain himself within the bounds of duty.

Non est apud sese.

Proripere sese.

Foras simul omnes proruunt sese.

Locutus est in concilio palam, sese, suosque exercitus et copias in dubium non devocaturum.

He said openly in the council, that he would not bring himself and his armies and forces into danger.

Obsecro te, quomodo sese ad hoc expediebat nodo.

Tell me, if you can, how did he rid himself of this doubt?

the accusative of the reflexive pronoun meaning himself, herself, itself, themselves

Habet aliud magis ex sese, ac majus.

There is somewhat else that more nearly concerns him.

the ablative of the reflexive pronoun meaning by himself, by herself, by itself, by themselves


suorum

[s̠uˈoːrʊ̃ˑ]

genitive masculine/neuter plural of suus


temet

tūtemet (nominative singular)
tuīmet (genitive singular)
tibimet (dative singular)
temet (accusative singular)
temet (ablative singular)
tūtemet (singular vocative)


nullus

la-adj

nūllus (feminine nūlla, neuter nūllum); first/second-declension adjective (pronominal)

nūllus (canonical)
nūlla (feminine)
nūllum (neuter)
nūllus (masculine nominative singular)
nūlla (feminine nominative singular)
nūllum (neuter nominative singular)
nūllī (masculine nominative plural)
nūllae (feminine nominative plural)
nūlla (neuter nominative plural)
nūllī̆us (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
nūllōrum (genitive masculine plural)
nūllārum (feminine genitive plural)
nūllōrum (genitive neuter plural)
nūllī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
nūllīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nūllum (accusative masculine singular)
nūllam (accusative feminine singular)
nūllum (accusative neuter singular)
nūllōs (accusative masculine plural)
nūllās (accusative feminine plural)
nūlla (accusative neuter plural)
nūllō (ablative masculine singular)
nūllā (ablative feminine singular)
nūllō (ablative neuter singular)
nūllīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nūlle (masculine singular vocative)
nūlla (feminine singular vocative)
nūllum (neuter singular vocative)
nūllī (masculine plural vocative)
nūllae (feminine plural vocative)
nūlla (neuter plural vocative)

[ˈnuːlːʲʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *noinolos, from *ne oinolos, from Proto-Italic *oinos (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. By surface analysis, ne (“not”) + ūllus (“any”), literally “not any”.

surf

Nūllum amat.


ecquis

la-pronoun

ecquis or ecquī (feminine ecquae or ecqua or ecquis, neuter ecquid); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun

ecquis (canonical)
ecquī (canonical)
indeclinable portion with a relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
ecquae (feminine)
ecqua (feminine)
ecquis (feminine)
ecquid (neuter)
ecquis (masculine nominative singular)
ecquī (masculine nominative singular)
ecqua (feminine nominative singular)
ecquae (feminine nominative singular)
ecquid (neuter nominative singular)
ecquī (masculine nominative plural)
ecquae (feminine nominative plural)
ecqua (neuter nominative plural)
ecquae (neuter nominative plural)
eccuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
eccui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ecquem (accusative masculine singular)
ecquam (accusative feminine singular)
ecquod (accusative neuter singular)
ecquōs (accusative masculine plural)
ecquās (accusative feminine plural)
ecqua (accusative neuter plural)
ecquae (accusative neuter plural)
ecquō (ablative masculine singular)
ecquī (ablative masculine singular)
ecquā (ablative feminine singular)
ecquī (ablative feminine singular)
ecquō (ablative neuter singular)
ecquī (ablative neuter singular)

Ecquis me vivit fortunatior?

Is there another man as fortunate as I am?

Heus ecquis in villa est?

Percontabor ecquis adolescentem nouerit.

I will ask whether any man did know the young fellow.

Plautus, Menaechmi, actus IV. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. II of five volumes, 1917, p. 432f.:
heus, ecquis hic est ianitor?
Hullo! Anyone minding the door here?

Is there anyone who?, Is there anybody who?


sapsa

Contracted from sua (“his, her, its”) + ipsa (“own”).


istis

[ˈɪs̠t̪iːs̠]

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of iste


eorum

Gascon: jor


equis

From Proto-Italic [Term?], from pre-Italic *h₁é-kʷis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis, *kʷos. See there for cognates.

(substantive interrogative pronoun) who, what


uterque

uterque (feminine utraque, neuter utrumque or utrunque); first/second-declension pronoun (nominative masculine singular in -er, pronominal; without or with m optionally → n in compounds)

utraque (feminine)
utrumque (neuter)
utrunque (neuter)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
uterque (masculine nominative singular)
utraque (feminine nominative singular)
utrumque (neuter nominative singular)
utrunque (neuter nominative singular)
utrīque (masculine nominative plural)
utraeque (feminine nominative plural)
utraque (neuter nominative plural)
utrī̆usque (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
utrōrumque (genitive masculine plural)
utrōrunque (genitive masculine plural)
utrārumque (feminine genitive plural)
utrārunque (feminine genitive plural)
utrōrumque (genitive neuter plural)
utrōrunque (genitive neuter plural)
utrīque (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
utrīsque (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
utrumque (accusative masculine singular)
utrunque (accusative masculine singular)
utramque (accusative feminine singular)
utranque (accusative feminine singular)
utrumque (accusative neuter singular)
utrunque (accusative neuter singular)
utrōsque (accusative masculine plural)
utrāsque (accusative feminine plural)
utraque (accusative neuter plural)
utrōque (ablative masculine singular)
utrāque (ablative feminine singular)
utrōque (ablative neuter singular)
utrīsque (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
uterque (masculine singular vocative)
utraque (feminine singular vocative)
utrumque (neuter singular vocative)
utrunque (neuter singular vocative)
utrīque (masculine plural vocative)
utraeque (feminine plural vocative)
utraque (neuter plural vocative)

From uter + -que. Compare Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌷 (ƕaþaruh), which may be inherited from the same source.

Ita est utraque res sine altera debilis.

c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 2.4

Sed credo te ... binas meas de omnibus rebus accepisse, ... utrasque tuis pueris datas.

106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Ad Atticum 6.1.9

But I believe you ... received my two letters concerning all these things, ... both given to your children.

Nonnulli etiam Helicen et Cynosuram nymphas esse Iouis nutrices dicunt, et hac re etiam pro beneficio in mundo conlocatas, et utrasque Arctos appellatas esse, quas nostri Septentriones dixerunt.

perh. post 2nd c. CE but ancient, Hyginus astronomus, Poeticon Astronomicon 2.2

Some say the Ursa Major and Ursa Minor are Jupiter's nursing nymphs, and for this reason they were placed on the world [sky] for our benefit, and were both named Arctos ("the Bears"), who we [the Romans] have also called the Septentriones ("the Northerners").


illos

Asturian: los, ellos, -yos

Catalan: els, ells, los

Fala: os

Franco-Provençal: los

French: eux, les

Galician: os

Old Galician-Portuguese: elos, os, -los

Portuguese: os, los

Spanish: los, ellos


illi

inflection of ille:
nominative masculine plural


illi

Italo-Romance:

Italian: elli (archaic), egli

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: il

desctree

Old French: il
Middle French: il
French: il

Old Occitan: il

Alternative form of ille (found in Gregory of Tours)


illas

Franco-Provençal: els, les


unusquisque

head

ūnusquisque m (feminine ūnaquaeque, neuter ūnumquidque)

ūnusquisque (canonical masculine)
ūnaquaeque (feminine)
ūnumquidque (neuter)
ūnusquisque (masculine nominative singular)
ūnaquaeque (feminine nominative singular)
ūnumquidque (neuter nominative singular)
ūnī̆uscuiusque (genitive singular)
ūnīcuique (dative singular)
ūnumquemque (accusative masculine singular)
ūnamquamque (accusative feminine singular)
ūnumquidque (accusative neuter singular)
ūnōquōque (ablative masculine singular)
ūnāquāque (ablative feminine singular)
ūnōquōque (ablative neuter singular)

Sardinian: uniskis (Old Sardinian), unukis (Old Sardinian)

[uːnʊs̠ˈkʷɪs̠kʷɛ]

propter fornicationem autem unusquisque suam uxorem habeat, et unaquæque suum virum habeat.

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, I Corinthios 7:2, page 1775:

But, because of fornication, let each man have his own wife, and let each woman have her own husband.


istuc

At cum istuc exemeris malum...

But if you will have eliminated that problem... (Seneca)

nominative/accusative neuter singular of istic


illic

illic m (feminine illaec, neuter illuc or illoc)

illaec (feminine)
illuc (neuter)
illoc (neuter)
illic (masculine nominative singular)
illaec (feminine nominative singular)
illuc (neuter nominative singular)
illoc (neuter nominative singular)
illaec (neuter nominative plural)
illunc (accusative masculine singular)
illanc (accusative feminine singular)
illuc (accusative neuter singular)
illoc (accusative neuter singular)
illaec (accusative neuter plural)
illōc (ablative masculine singular)
illāc (ablative feminine singular)
illōc (ablative neuter singular)

Eho dic mihi, quis illic igitur est?

c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 623

right there, over there, there, that (that is there)


ted

𐌉𐌏𐌖𐌄𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌃𐌄𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌍𐌄𐌉𐌕𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌏𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌉𐌔𐌖𐌉𐌓𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌄𐌃 / 𐌀𐌔𐌕𐌄𐌃𐌍𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌉𐌏𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌏𐌉𐌕𐌄𐌔𐌉𐌀𐌉𐌐𐌀𐌊𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌉𐌔
IOVESATDEIVOSQOIMEDMITATNEITEDENDOCOSMISVIRCOSIED / ASTEDNOISIOPETOITESIAIPAKARIVOIS
iouesāt deivos qoi mēd mitāt, nei tēd endō cosmis vircō siēd / as(t) tēd noisi o(p)petoit esiāi pākā rivois

The person who sends me prays to the gods, lest the girl be not kind towards thee / without thee […] calm with [these] rivers


quicumque

la-adj

quīcumque (feminine quaecumque, neuter quodcumque); relative/interrogative pronoun with an indeclinable portion

quīcumque (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quaecumque (feminine)
quodcumque (neuter)
quīcumque (masculine nominative singular)
quaecumque (feminine nominative singular)
quodcumque (neuter nominative singular)
quīcumque (masculine nominative plural)
quaecumque (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiuscumque (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumcumque (genitive masculine plural)
quārumcumque (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumcumque (genitive neuter plural)
cuicumque (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibuscumque (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīscumque (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quemcumque (accusative masculine singular)
quamcumque (accusative feminine singular)
quodcumque (accusative neuter singular)
quōscumque (accusative masculine plural)
quāscumque (accusative feminine plural)
quaecumque (accusative neuter plural)
quōcumque (ablative masculine singular)
quācumque (ablative feminine singular)
quōcumque (ablative neuter singular)
quibuscumque (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīscumque (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

desc

→ English: Quicumque vult, Quicunque vult

[kʷiːˈkʊŋkʷɛ]

From quī + -cumque; quīcunque is a later development reflecting the assimilated pronunciation.

Ita si id agitur, ut rursus in potestate omnia unius sint, quicumque is est, ei me profiteor inimicum.

43 BCE, Asinius Pollio, in Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 10.31.3

If therefore events are so developing as to put all power again in the hands of one man, whosoever that man is, I declare myself his foe.

Eos ad Marium ac deinde, si placeat, Romam legatos ire iubet; agundarum rerum et quocumque modo belli componundi licentiam ipsis permittit.

c. 40 BCE, Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum 103

These he ordered to go as envoys to Marius and then, if it seemed advisable, to Rome, giving them complete freedom of action and permission to make peace in whatever manner.

Namque is pollicitus est regi se eum interfecturum, si ei rex permitteret, ut, quodcumque vellet, liceret impune facere, fidemque de ea re more Persarum dextra dedisset.

c. 110 BCE – c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, On the Eminent Commanders XIV. Datames 14.10

For he promised the king that he would kill him [Datames], if the king would allow him to do whatever he wanted with impunity and would give him a pledge to that effect with his right hand after the manner of the Persians.

Hoc quodcumque vides, hospes, qua maxima Roma est, / ante Phrygem Aenean collis et herba fuit

30 BCE – 16 BCE, Propertius, Elegies 4.1

This, stranger, whatsoever you see where Rome the greatest stands, / was hill and grass before Phrygian Aeneas

Deus autem noster in caelo, omnia quaecumque voluit fecit.

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Psalm 113:11 [115:3]

But our God is in heaven, and whatsoever he has willed, he has done.

whoever, whosoever; whatever, whatsoever


meis

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of meus


nemini

nēminī (canonical feminine masculine singular)


meae

inflection of meus:
genitive/dative feminine singular

inflection of meus:
nominative/vocative feminine plural


meorum

genitive masculine/neuter plural of meus


nostrae

inflection of noster:
nominative/vocative feminine plural

inflection of noster:
genitive/dative feminine singular


nostrorum

genitive masculine/neuter plural of noster


nostris

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of noster


vestrorum

genitive masculine/neuter plural of vester


vestris

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of vester


vestrae

inflection of vester:
nominative/vocative feminine plural

inflection of vester:
genitive/dative feminine singular


vostrorum

genitive masculine/neuter plural of voster


vostrae

inflection of voster:
nominative/vocative feminine plural

inflection of voster:
genitive/dative feminine singular


vestro

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of vester


vostris

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of voster


vestras

[ˈu̯ɛs̠t̪räːs̠]


nostras

[ˈnɔs̠t̪räːs̠]


meos

𐌍𐌄𐌉[- - -]𐌐𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌𐌊𐌏𐌌𐌌𐌄𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌔𐌏𐌊𐌉𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌉𐌀𐌃𐌃𐌄𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌏
NEIPARIMEDESOMKOMMEOISSOKIOISTRIVOIADDEOMDVO
nei pari med esom kom meois sokiois trifos audeom duo[m]

Do not take me! I am with my three companions (property) of the two Audii


vestri

inflection of vester:
genitive masculine/neuter singular

inflection of vester:
nominative masculine plural


ipsi

inflection of ipse:
nominative masculine plural


illis

Romanian: le

Italian: gli

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of ille


illae

Aromanian: eali

Dalmatian: jale

Italian: le

Romanian: ele


ipsis

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of ipse


ipsorum

Sardinian: issoru

genitive masculine/neuter plural of ipse


istud

nominative/accusative neuter singular of iste


istos

[ˈɪs̠t̪oːs̠]


istarum

[ɪs̠ˈt̪äːrʊ̃ˑ]


illius

[ɪlˈlʲiːʊs̠]

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of ille: his, hers, its (possessive)


ipsius

[ɪpˈs̠iːʊs̠]

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of ipse


istas

[ˈɪs̠t̪äːs̠]


istius

[ɪs̠ˈt̪iːʊs̠]

[ˈɪs̠t̪iʊs̠]

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of iste


illorum

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: lor

Romanian: lor, -lor

Italo-Romance:

Italian: loro

Neapolitan: lloro

ddoro (Ischia, Procida)

luro (Trebisacce)

Old Romanesco: loro

North Italian:

Friulian: lôr

Istriot: luri

Romansch: lur

Venetan: łore, łori, łuri

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: lor, lyor, jô

Old French: lor, lur, lour

French: leur

→ Old Sicilian: loru, lor

Occitano-Romance:

Occitan: lor

Old Catalan: lor

desctree

Vulgar Latin: *illūrum
Navarro-Aragonese: lur
→ Old Spanish: lur (certain texts)
Old Catalan: lur
Catalan: llur (literary)
Old Occitan: lur
Occitan: lur (regional)

genitive masculine/neuter plural of ille


ista

inflection of iste:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of iste:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


istorum

[ɪs̠ˈt̪oːrʊ̃ˑ]

genitive masculine/neuter plural of iste


alicujus

masculine/feminine/neuter genitive singular of aliquis


qualibus

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of quālis


qualem

accusative masculine/feminine singular of quālis


qualium

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter plural of quālis


quales

nominative/accusative/vocative masculine/feminine plural of quālis


aliqua

inflection of aliquis:
feminine nominative singular

inflection of aliquis:
neuter nominative/accusative plural


aliquo

actum est de aliquo

It is over for someone, the fate of someone is sealed


invicem

From a reinterpretation of the adverb invicem as an accusative-case form.

[ˈɪnu̯ɪkɛ̃ˑ]

Et factum est ut discesserunt ab eis angeli in caelum pastores loquebantur ad invicem, "transeamus usque Bethleem..."

And it came to pass, when the angels left them to go back to Heaven, that the shepherds stayed saying to each other, "let's cross over and go to Bethlehem..."

Confitemini ergo alterutrum peccata vestra et orate pro invicem ut salvemini. Multum enim valet deprecatio iusti adsidua.

Confess, therefore, your sins to another among you, and pray for each other to receive salvation. The constant prayer of the just is of great worth.

Vos autem Dominus multiplicet et abundare faciat caritatem in invicem et in omnes quemadmodum et nos in vobis.

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Ad Thessalonicenses 3:12

May God make you grow in number, and may He make your love for each other and for all abound, just as our love for you.

At illi nil horum se facturos, neque illum pro archiepiscopo habituros esse respondebant, conferentes ad invicem quia "si modo nobis adsurgere noluit, quanto magis, si ei subdi coeperimus, jam nos pro nihilo contemnet".

ca. 731, Bede, Historia Ecclesiastica 2.92

But they [seven visiting British bishops] replied they were not going to do any of this, nor were they going to recognize him [Augustine of Canterbury] as their archbishop, saying to each other, "if he hasn't given in [to our demands] now, imagine how much he'd scorn us as nothing if we were to comply [with his demands]".

Coelestem illam ad quam aspiramus felicitatem triplicem esse invenio, dum apud me quaero, quid erimus in nobis, quid in te Deo nostro, quid simul omnes in invicem. Et invenio nos in nobis potentes, et in te sapientes, et in invicem amantes: omnia poterimus sine ulla debilitate, omnia sentiemus sine ullo errore, et invicem plene diligemus sine ulla offensione.

c. 1140 – c. 1212, Adam of Dryburgh, Sermones 30, in die Sancti Stephani.16

I find that the great celestial fortune to which we aspire is threefold when I wonder what we will be, what we will be to You, our Lord, and what we will be to each other at the same time. And I foresee us as powerful, wise due to You, and affectionate towards each other: we'll be able to do everything without growing weak, think about everything without error, and love reciprocally in full without ever causing offence.

Sic est voluntas Dei, de qua neque disputandum neque dubitandum. In Domino bene vale cum tuis omnibus, et oremus pro invicem.

1539, Martin Luther, Letters No. 1892, to Eberhard Brisger, then Parson in Altenburg

Thus is the will of God, which one must never dispute or doubt. Stay strong in the Lord with your people, and let us pray for each other.

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin, undeclinable) each other


suarum

[s̠uˈäːrʊ̃ˑ]


quamquam

accusative feminine singular of quisquis


aliquem

masculine accusative singular of aliquis


aliquibus

common dative/ablative plural of aliquis


alicuius

[älʲɪˈkʊi̯ːʊs̠]


aliquorum

masculine/neuter genitive plural of aliquis


alicui

dative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of aliquis


aliquam

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tuarum

[t̪uˈäːrʊ̃ˑ]


tuorum

[t̪uˈoːrʊ̃ˑ]

genitive masculine/neuter plural of tuus


tuae

inflection of tuus:
nominative/vocative feminine plural

inflection of tuus:
genitive/dative feminine singular


tuis

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of tuus


quoius

[ˈkʷɔi̯ːʊs̠]


quisquam

la-adj

quisquam (neuter quidquam or quicquam); relative/interrogative pronoun with an indeclinable portion

quisquam (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quidquam (neuter)
quicquam (neuter)
quisquam (feminine masculine nominative singular)
quidquam (neuter nominative singular)
quicquam (neuter nominative singular)
cuiusquam (genitive singular)
cuiquam (dative singular)
quemquam (accusative feminine masculine singular)
quidquam (accusative neuter singular)
quicquam (accusative neuter singular)
quōquam (ablative singular)
quīquam (ablative singular)

la-adecl

Negative polarity indefinite pronoun.

[ˈkʷɪs̠kʷä̃ˑ]

From quis + quam (“any”). Compare to quisque.

nec fuit quisquam qui praedae studeret.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 7.28.4.1

and there was not anyone who gave attention to spoils.

ne a quoquam acciperes alio mercedem annuam, nisi ab sese, nec cum quiquam limares caput.

Plautus, Bacchides. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. I of five volumes, 1916, p. 330f.

Not to let you take a yearly fee from anyone else but him, or rub heads with anyone.

(masculine, chiefly in the negative) anyone

Qui cum in convivium venisset, si quicquam caelati aspexerat, manus abstinere, iudices, non poterat.

When he came to a banquet, if he saw anything engraved, he could not keep his hands off, judges.

(neuter, chiefly in the negative) anything


nequis

nēquis (canonical)
nēquis (masculine nominative singular)
nēquī (masculine nominative singular)
nēqua (feminine nominative singular)
nēquae (feminine nominative singular)
nēquid (neuter nominative singular)
nēquī (masculine nominative plural)
nēquae (feminine nominative plural)
nēqua (neuter nominative plural)
nēquae (neuter nominative plural)
nēcui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
nēquibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nēquīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nēquem (accusative masculine singular)
nēquam (accusative feminine singular)
nēquid (accusative neuter singular)
nēquōs (accusative masculine plural)
nēquās (accusative feminine plural)
nēqua (accusative neuter plural)
nēquae (accusative neuter plural)
nēquō (ablative masculine singular)
nēquī (ablative masculine singular)
nēquā (ablative feminine singular)
nēquī (ablative feminine singular)
nēquō (ablative neuter singular)
nēquī (ablative neuter singular)
nēquibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nēquīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

indefinite pronoun.


neminem

nēminem (canonical feminine masculine singular)


nemine

nēmine (canonical feminine masculine singular)


neminis

nēminis (canonical feminine masculine singular)

lapideo sunt corde multi quos non miseret neminis

239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, tragoediae 140

neminis ingenio tantum confidere oportet

c. 165 BCE – 103 BCE, Gaius Lucilius, Saturae fragmenta 30.1010

Tua sum opera et propter te improbior? [Bacch.] Neminis quam mea mavellem.

Am I less respectable now because of your effort and because of you? [Bacch.] I’d prefer it through my effort rather than anyone else’s.

Neminis / miserere certum est, quia mei miseret neminem.

c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 764

1921 translation by Paul Nixon
I am determined to pity no one, since no one pities me.

Neminis genitivo casu Cato usus est: "et quis diceret cum sit neminis." Idem de aedilibus vitio creatis: "neminisque . . . Ennius Erectheo: "lapideo sunt corde multi, quos non miseret neminis." Nemo compositum videtur ex ne, et homo: quod confirmatur magis, quia in persona semper ponitur, nec pluraliter formari solet, quia intellegitur pro nullo.

c. 2nd century, Sextus Pompeius Festus, De Verborum Significatione 162


quidnam

nominative/accusative neuter singular of quisnam: which, what (interrogative)


quicquam

[ˈkʷɪkːʷä̃ˑ]

neuter nominative/accusative singular of quisquam


quinam

quīnam (canonical)
quīnam (masculine nominative singular)
quaenam (feminine nominative singular)
quodnam (neuter nominative singular)
quīnam (masculine nominative plural)
quaenam (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiusnam (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumnam (genitive masculine plural)
quārumnam (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumnam (genitive neuter plural)
cuinam (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibusnam (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quemnam (accusative masculine singular)
quamnam (accusative feminine singular)
quodnam (accusative neuter singular)
quōsnam (accusative masculine plural)
quāsnam (accusative feminine plural)
quaenam (accusative neuter plural)
quōnam (ablative masculine singular)
quānam (ablative feminine singular)
quōnam (ablative neuter singular)
quibusnam (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Catalan: quin

Franco-Provençal: quint (through confusion with quantus)

Occitan: quin


quispiam

la-adj

quispiam (feminine quaepiam, neuter quidpiam or quippiam); relative/interrogative pronoun with an indeclinable portion

quispiam (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quaepiam (feminine)
quidpiam (neuter)
quippiam (neuter)
quispiam (masculine nominative singular)
quaepiam (feminine nominative singular)
quidpiam (neuter nominative singular)
quippiam (neuter nominative singular)
quīpiam (masculine nominative plural)
quaepiam (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiuspiam (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumpiam (genitive masculine plural)
quārumpiam (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumpiam (genitive neuter plural)
cuipiam (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibuspiam (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīspiam (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quempiam (accusative masculine singular)
quampiam (accusative feminine singular)
quidpiam (accusative neuter singular)
quippiam (accusative neuter singular)
quōspiam (accusative masculine plural)
quāspiam (accusative feminine plural)
quaepiam (accusative neuter plural)
quōpiam (ablative masculine singular)
quīpiam (ablative masculine singular)
quāpiam (ablative feminine singular)
quīpiam (ablative feminine singular)
quōpiam (ablative neuter singular)
quīpiam (ablative neuter singular)
quibuspiam (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīspiam (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

[ˈkʷɪs̠piä̃ˑ]


vobis

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: voauã, vauã, vau

Romanian: vouă

Sardinian:

bois


illuc

From earlier illoc(ce), for illud + -ce, with vowel change extended either from the base form in which the reduction is regular, or from proclisis.

Sed quid illuc est? Caelum aspectat. Observabo quam rem agat.

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 270

But what is that? He's gazing at the sky. I'm going to watch what he does.

nominative/accusative neuter singular of illic


quoscumque

accusative masculine plural of quīcumque: as many as


quodcumque

nominative/accusative neuter singular of quīcumque: whatsoever


quaecumque

inflection of quicumque:
nominative feminine singular/plural

inflection of quicumque:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


quendam

accusative masculine singular of quīdam; a certain someone


quaedam

[ˈkʷäe̯d̪ä̃ˑ]

inflection of quīdam:
nominative feminine singular/plural

inflection of quīdam:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


unicuique

dative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of ūnusquisque


utraque

inflection of uterque:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of uterque:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


cuiusque

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quisque: of each / every person / thing


quemquam

accusative masculine singular of quisquam: anybody, anyone


quemcumque

accusative masculine singular of quīcumque: whomsoever


quosdam

accusative masculine plural of quīdam; some (people)


quempiam

accusative masculine/feminine singular of quispiam


cuiusquam

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quisquam: of anyone / anything


cuiusdam

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quīdam


cuidam

masculine/feminine/neuter singular dative of quīdam


quibusdam

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of quīdam


quadam

ablative feminine singular of quīdam: with/by a certain person / thing


quandam

accusative feminine singular of quīdam: a certain person / thing


quodam

ablative masculine/neuter singular of quīdam (“a certain person”)


unaquaeque

inflection of ūnusquisque:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of ūnusquisque:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


quisnam

head

quisnam (femine quaenam, neuter quidnam)

[ˈkʷɪs̠nä̃ˑ]


uniuscuiusque

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of ūnusquisque


unumquemque

[uːnʊŋˈkʷɛŋkʷɛ]

accusative masculine singular of ūnusquisque


quorundam

genitive masculine/neuter plural of quīdam: of certain persons / things


quippiam

[ˈkʷiːpːiä̃ˑ]


cuiusvis

[kʊi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠u̯iːs̠]


quilibet

quīlibet m (feminine quaelibet, neuter (adj.) quodlibet, neuter (noun) quidlibet)

quīlibet (canonical masculine)
quaelibet (feminine)
quodlibet (adjective neuter)
quidlibet (neuter noun)
quīlibet (masculine nominative singular)
quislibet (masculine nominative singular)
quaelibet (feminine nominative singular)
quodlibet (neuter nominative singular)
quīlibet (masculine nominative plural)
quaelibet (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiuslibet (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumlibet (genitive masculine plural)
quārumlibet (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumlibet (genitive neuter plural)
cuilibet (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibuslibet (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīslibet (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quemlibet (accusative masculine singular)
quamlibet (accusative feminine singular)
quodlibet (accusative neuter singular)
quōslibet (accusative masculine plural)
quāslibet (accusative feminine plural)
quaelibet (accusative neuter plural)
quōlibet (ablative masculine singular)
quālibet (ablative feminine singular)
quōlibet (ablative neuter singular)
quibuslibet (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīslibet (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)


quoquam

[ˈkʷoːkʷä̃ˑ]

ablative masculine/neuter singular of quisquam


utrisque

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of uterque


utrique

inflection of uterque:
nominative masculine plural


utrumque

inflection of uterque:
nominative neuter singular

inflection of uterque:
accusative masculine/neuter singular


hoce

nominative/accusative neuter singular of hice


hoce

ablative masculine/neuter singular of hice


semetipse

Alternative spelling of sēmet ipse (“he... himself”)


quivis

la-pronoun

quīvīs (feminine quaevīs, neuter quidvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

quīvīs (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quaevīs (feminine)
quidvīs (neuter)
quīvīs (masculine nominative singular)
quaevīs (feminine nominative singular)
quidvīs (neuter nominative singular)
quīvīs (masculine nominative plural)
quaevīs (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiusvīs (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrunvīs (genitive masculine plural)
quōrumvīs (genitive masculine plural)
quārunvīs (feminine genitive plural)
quārumvīs (feminine genitive plural)
quōrunvīs (genitive neuter plural)
quōrumvīs (genitive neuter plural)
cuivīs (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibusvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quenvīs (accusative masculine singular)
quemvīs (accusative masculine singular)
quanvīs (accusative feminine singular)
quamvīs (accusative feminine singular)
quidvīs (accusative neuter singular)
quōsvīs (accusative masculine plural)
quāsvīs (accusative feminine plural)
quaevīs (accusative neuter plural)
quōvīs (ablative masculine singular)
quāvīs (ablative feminine singular)
quōvīs (ablative neuter singular)
quibusvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)


cujusvis

[kʊi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠u̯iːs̠]

Alternative spelling of cuiusvīs (form of quīvīs as a pronoun)


seipsis

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of seipse


seipsorum

genitive masculine/neuter plural of seipse


seipsa

inflection of seipse:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of seipse:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


seipsum

inflection of seipse:
nominative neuter singular

inflection of seipse:
accusative masculine/neuter singular


seipso

ablative masculine/neuter singular of seipse


seipsius

genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of seipse


seipsi

inflection of seipse:
nominative masculine plural

inflection of seipse:
dative common singular


seipse

seipse (masculine nominative singular)
seipsa (feminine nominative singular)
seipsum (neuter nominative singular)
seipsī (masculine nominative plural)
seipsae (feminine nominative plural)
seipsa (neuter nominative plural)
seipsī̆us (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
seipsōrum (genitive masculine plural)
seipsārum (feminine genitive plural)
seipsōrum (genitive neuter plural)
seipsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
seipsīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
seipsum (accusative masculine singular)
seipsam (accusative feminine singular)
seipsum (accusative neuter singular)
seipsōs (accusative masculine plural)
seipsās (accusative feminine plural)
seipsa (accusative neuter plural)
seipsō (ablative masculine singular)
seipsā (ablative feminine singular)
seipsō (ablative neuter singular)
seipsīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

(emphatic) himself, herself, itself, the very, the actual


siquis

sīquis (canonical)
sīquis (masculine nominative singular)
sīquī (masculine nominative singular)
sīqua (feminine nominative singular)
sīquae (feminine nominative singular)
sīquid (neuter nominative singular)
sīquī (masculine nominative plural)
sīquae (feminine nominative plural)
sīqua (neuter nominative plural)
sīquae (neuter nominative plural)
sīcui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
sīquibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sīquīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sīquem (accusative masculine singular)
sīquam (accusative feminine singular)
sīquid (accusative neuter singular)
sīquōs (accusative masculine plural)
sīquās (accusative feminine plural)
sīqua (accusative neuter plural)
sīquae (accusative neuter plural)
sīquō (ablative masculine singular)
sīquī (ablative masculine singular)
sīquā (ablative feminine singular)
sīquī (ablative feminine singular)
sīquō (ablative neuter singular)
sīquī (ablative neuter singular)
sīquibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sīquīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

la-adecl

indefinite pronoun.

[ˈs̠iːkʷɪs̠]


quovis

ablative masculine/neuter singular of quīvīs


ecquorum

genitive plural masculine/neuter of ecquis


eccuius

genitive singular masculine/feminine/neuter of ecquis


ecquibus

dative/ablative plural masculine/feminine/neuter of ecquis


eccui

dative singular masculine/feminine/neuter of ecquis


ecquo

ablative singular masculine/neuter of ecquis


ecquae

inflection of ecquis:
accusative plural neuter


ecquid

nominative/accusative/vocative singular neuter of ecquis


istaec

[ˈɪs̠t̪äe̯k]

inflection of istic:
nominative feminine singular

inflection of istic:
nominative/accusative neuter plural


istic

head

istic m (feminine istaec, neuter istuc or istoc)

istaec (feminine)
istuc (neuter)
istoc (neuter)
istic (masculine nominative singular)


quiddam

nominative/accusative neuter singular of quīdam: a certain thing


cuiorum

genitive masculine/neuter plural of cuius


cuiae

inflection of cuius:
nominative/vocative feminine plural

inflection of cuius:
genitive/dative feminine singular


cuiis

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of cuius


cuio

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of cuius


cuii

inflection of cuius:
nominative/vocative masculine plural

inflection of cuius:
genitive masculine/neuter singular


cuium

inflection of cuius:
accusative masculine singular


cuia

inflection of cuius:
nominative/vocative feminine singular


vosmet

vōsmet (canonical)
vōsmet (nominative plural)
vestrīmet (genitive plural)
vestrummet (genitive plural)
vōbismet (dative plural)
vōsmet (accusative plural)
vōbismet (ablative plural)
vōsmet (plural vocative)

Dūrātē, et vōsmet rēbus servāte secundīs.

“Endure, and save yourselves for better times to come.”


ipsamet

nominative feminine singular of ipsemet: she herself

nominative/accusative neuter plural of ipsemet


ipsemet

la-pronoun

ipsemet (feminine ipsamet, neuter ipsummet); demonstrative pronoun (pronominal) with an indeclinable portion

ipsamet (feminine)
ipsummet (neuter)
ipsemet (masculine nominative singular)
ipsamet (feminine nominative singular)
ipsummet (neuter nominative singular)
ipsīmet (masculine nominative plural)
ipsaemet (feminine nominative plural)
ipsamet (neuter nominative plural)
ipsī̆usmet (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ipsōrummet (genitive masculine plural)
ipsārummet (feminine genitive plural)
ipsōrummet (genitive neuter plural)
ipsīmet (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ipsīsmet (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ipsummet (accusative masculine singular)
ipsammet (accusative feminine singular)
ipsummet (accusative neuter singular)
ipsōsmet (accusative masculine plural)
ipsāsmet (accusative feminine plural)
ipsamet (accusative neuter plural)
ipsōmet (ablative masculine singular)
ipsāmet (ablative feminine singular)
ipsōmet (ablative neuter singular)
ipsīsmet (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)


quodque

neuter nominative/accusative singular of quisque


hisce

dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of hice