deorsum

desc

Sardinian: giòsso, giòssu (Campidanese), jòsso, zòsso (Logudorese, Nuorese)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: ghios

Romanian: jos

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gioso, gió (Tuscan)

Neapolitan: josu (archaic), juso

Sicilian: jusu

Padanian:

Lombard: zoxo (archaic), giò

Venetan: xóxo

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: jos

Old Occitan: jos
Occitan: jos

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: yoso, goso (11th c.)

Old Leonese: yoso

Italo-Romance:

Italian: giuso (archaic), giù

Neapolitan: juso

Sicilian: jusu

Padanian:

Friulian: jù

Ligurian: zù (archaic)

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: jus

Old Occitan: jus

desctree

Old French: jus
Norman: jus
Picard: jus
Walloon: djus

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: juso

Old Spanish: yuso

[d̪eˈɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]

From dē- + vorsum (archaic form of versum, versus), with loss of [w] and shortening of the first of two vowels in hiatus.

Et dixit ei, Si Fīlius Deī es, mitte te deorsum. Scriptum est enim: Quia angelis suis mandavit de te, et in manibus tollent te, ne forte offendas ad lapidem pedem tuum.

And he [the devil] said to him, "If you are the Son of God, throw yourself downwards. For it is written that He has sent orders to his angels about you, and that they shall bear you in their hands lest you strike a stone with your foot."

Non facies tibi sculptile, neque omnem similitudinem quae est in caelo desuper, et quae in terra deorsum, nec eorum quae sunt in aquis sub terra.

Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.


patienter

From patiens (“bearing, supporting”) + -ter.


vehementer

la-adv

vehementer (comparative vehementius, superlative vehementissimē)

vehementius (comparative)
vehementissimē (superlative)

violently, forcefully, strongly, vehemently, loudly


precative

precātīvē (comparative precātīvius, superlative precātīvissimē)

precātīvē (canonical)
precātīvius (comparative)
precātīvissimē (superlative)


affecte

affectē (comparative affectius, superlative affectissimē)

affectē (canonical)
affectius (comparative)
affectissimē (superlative)


dulciter

dulciter (comparative dulcius, superlative dulcissimē)

dulcius (comparative)
dulcissimē (superlative)

[ˈd̪ʊɫ̪kɪt̪ɛr]


inceste

incestē (comparative incestius, superlative incestissimē)

incestē (canonical)
incestius (comparative)
incestissimē (superlative)

impiously, sinfully, wickedly, in a profane manner


necesse

necessē (comparative necessius, superlative necessissimē)

necessē (canonical)
necessius (comparative)
necessissimē (superlative)

From ne- (“un-: not”) + cessus (“yielded”).


necessarius

[nɛkɛs̠ˈs̠äːriʊs̠]

comparative degree of necessāriē (“necessarily, inevitably”)


necessarius

[nɛkɛs̠ˈs̠äːriʊs̠]

comparative degree of necessāriō (“necessarily, inevitably”)


subter

From sub (“under”) + -ter.
The accusative from instrumental/ablative and accusative is from Proto-Indo-European *-teros used adverbially. The ablative is by analogy with sub.

Supra et subter.


istuc

Jam ego istūc revortar, mīles.

c. 195–189 BCE, Titus Maccius Plautus, Poenulus:

to or towards the place where you are, which you mention

Gnaeus quidem noster jam plānē quid cōgitet nesciō [..] quī quidem etiam istūc addūcī potuerit.

59 BCE 29 April, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Letters to Atticus:

But what our friend Gnaeus is thinking I simply don't know any more [..] that he ended up allowing such a measure as this.

to the point in a discourse that you have reached or mentioned


illic

Aragonese: allí

Asturian: ellí

Catalan: allí

Extremaduran: allí

q

French: li-aives (Burgundy, rare and dialectal, from illic abeas)

Galician: alí

Italian: lì

Leonese: eillí

Mirandese: alhi

Portuguese: ali

Spanish: allí

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction


non male

[noːn ˈmäɫ̪ɛ]

Salve Iulia! Ut vales? — Non male. Et tu, Mari?

Hi Julia! How's it going? — Not bad. And you, Marius?


pacifice

From pācificus (“peacemaking, pacific”), from pāx (“peace”) + faciō (“I do, make”).

in a pacified manner, pacifically, peaceably, quietly


normaliter

la-adv

nōrmāliter (comparative nōrmālius, superlative nōrmālissimē)

nōrmāliter (canonical)
nōrmālius (comparative)
nōrmālissimē (superlative)


prae

From Proto-Italic *prai, from Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i. Cognate with Old Latin *pri (“before”), as in prior, prīdiē, etc. Other Italic cognates include Oscan 𐌐𐌓𐌀𐌉 (prai) and Umbrian 𐌐𐌓𐌄 (pre).
The ablative is from the PIE locative.


condicionaliter

[kɔn̪d̪ɪkioːˈnäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From condiciōnālis (“with conditions, conditional”) + -ter, from condiciō (“condition, term”).


praeceps

From prae (“before”) + -ceps (“headed”).


palaestrice

[päˈɫ̪äe̯s̠t̪rɪkeː]

From palaestricus (“of or pertaining to the palaestra”), from Ancient Greek παλαιστρικός (palaistrikós, “of or for the wrestling school”).

der

παλαιστρικός


palaestricos

[päˈɫ̪äe̯s̠t̪rɪkoːs̠]

From Ancient Greek παλαιστρικῶς (palaistrikôs, “in the manner of the palaestra”).

παλαιστρικῶς


propalam

[ˈproːpäɫ̪ä̃ˑ]

From prō (“in front of”) + palam (“without concealment, openly”).

[…] novis opinionum monstris, quibus non occulte amplius et cuniculis petitur catholica fides, sed horrificum ac nefarium ei bellum aperte iam et propalam inferur.

in full view, openly, publicly, notoriously, manifestly


palam

→ Italian: palese

Catalan: palès

Either:
* the ending was taken from clam,
* it is a locative Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂emi or *pl̥h₂ēm,
* it is an accusative Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂eh₂m
all from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).
Cognate with Old Church Slavonic полѥ (polje) (whence Bulgarian and Russian поле (pole, “field”)), Old Armenian հող (hoł, “earth, soil”), German West-falen.

without concealment, openly, publicly, undisguisedly, plainly, unambiguously


palliolatim

[pälːʲiɔˈɫ̪äːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From pallium (“large cloak worn by Greek philosophers”).

(rare) with or dressed in a pallium or mantle


membratim

[mɛmˈbräːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]


participialiter

[pärt̪ɪkɪpiˈäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From participiālis, from participium (“participle”).

participially; in the manner of a participle


matronaliter

[mäːt̪roːˈnäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From mātrōnālis (“befitting a married woman or matron, matronly”), from mātrōna (“married woman, matron”) + -ālis, from māter (“mother; matron”).


patrice

From patricus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”), from pater (“father”).


superne

From super with an uncertain second element which has been theorized to be a fossilized Proto-Indo-European ablative suffix *-neh₁, related to Proto-Germanic *-nē (cf. *-anē, *fanē) and Sanskrit *-nā as found in e.g. विना (vinā).
However, compare also the suffix in pōne (< *post-ne).


pancratice

In the manner of a combatant in the pancratium.


nasute

la-adv

nāsūtē (comparative nāsūtius, superlative nāsūtissimē)

nāsūtē (canonical)
nāsūtius (comparative)
nāsūtissimē (superlative)

[näːˈs̠uːt̪eː]

From nāsūtus (“large-nosed, satirical”).

satirically, scornfully, wittily, sarcastically


aviditer

[äˈu̯ɪd̪ɪt̪ɛr]

From avidus (“desirous, eager; greedy”) + -ter, from aveō (“wish, desire, long for, crave”).


inerter

la-adv

inerter (comparative inertius, superlative inertissimē)

inertius (comparative)
inertissimē (superlative)


aventer

From aveō (“wish, desire, long for, crave”).


avariter

[äˈu̯äːrɪt̪ɛr]

From avārus (“avaricious, covetous, greedy”) + -ter, from aveō (“wish, desire, long for, crave”).


imperabiliter

From imperō (“command, order”), from im- (“form of in”) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).

In an imperative or authoritative manner, imperatively, authoritatively.


imperiabiliter

From imperium (“authority, command”), from imperō (“command, order”), from im- (“form of in”) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).


imperatorie

From imperātōrius (“of or pertaining to a general”), from imperātōr (“general”), from imperō (“command, order”), from im- (“form of in”) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).


paulo

la-adv

paulō (comparative paulius, superlative paulissimē)

paulō (canonical)
paulius (comparative)
paulissimē (superlative)


quacum

Video puellam quacum ambulas.

I see the girl with whom you are walking.


honeste

honestē (comparative honestius, superlative honestissimē)

honestē (canonical)
honestius (comparative)
honestissimē (superlative)


cotidie

Equivalent to quot + diēs; some details are unclear. Per De Vaan, the -ī- is by analogy with postrīdiē. The spelling with -tt- appears to be attested earlier in inscriptions, although there is no obvious explanation for the etymological origin of the geminate.

Interim cotidie Caesar Haeduos frumentum, quod essent publice polliciti, flagitare.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.16

Meanwhile, Caesar kept daily importuning the Aedui for the corn which they had promised in the name of their state.


citra

[ˈt͡ʃiːt̪rä]


tempori

seasonably, at the right time, at the fitting time, at the appointed time


scite

scītē (comparative scītius, superlative scītissimē)

scītē (canonical)
scītius (comparative)
scītissimē (superlative)

shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, tastefully, elegantly


equidem

Crēdō equidem, nec vāna fidēs, genus esse deōrum.

“I truly believe — nor [is my] faith unfounded — [that man] to be of divine descent.”
(That is, Dido believes Aeneas is the son of Venus.)

vix equidem crēdō

(first-person reference by an author or speaker) for my part, as far as I am concerned, as for me


aeternum

Adverbial accusative of aeternus (“everlasting”).

adverbial accusative

[äe̯ˈt̪ɛrnʊ̃ˑ]

eternally, always, perpetually, constantly


aeterno

forever, endlessly, eternally, everlastingly, evermore; (of animate things): immortally


ingeniose

la-adv

ingeniōsē (comparative ingeniōsius, superlative ingeniōsissimē)

ingeniōsē (canonical)
ingeniōsius (comparative)
ingeniōsissimē (superlative)


aliquando

Asturian: alcuando

Portuguese: alquando

sometime, sometimes, at some time, at any time, ever, now and then


perpetuum

[pɛrˈpɛt̪uʊ̃ˑ]


illac

Catalan: lla, allà

Franco-Provençal: lé

Old French: la

French: là

Gallo: ilà

Galician: alá

Italian: là

Neapolitan: llà

Mirandese: alhá

Portuguese: lá

Romanian: la

Romansch: là

Sicilian: ddà

Spanish: allá

Adverb from the ablative ("illāc (viā)") of illic.

that way, that side, there, along that path, in that direction, over there


tyrannice

tyrannicē (comparative tyrannicius, superlative tyrannicissimē)

tyrannicē (canonical)
tyrannicius (comparative)
tyrannicissimē (superlative)

[t̪ʏˈränːɪkeː]


adverbialiter

adverbiāliter (comparative adverbiālius, superlative adverbiālissimē)

adverbiāliter (canonical)
adverbiālius (comparative)
adverbiālissimē (superlative)

[äd̪u̯ɛrbiˈäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

Derived from adverbiālis (“adverbial”) + -ter (“-ly”, adverb-forming suffix).

af

adverbially; in a manner like or pertaining to an adverb


accommode

la-adv

accommodē (comparative accommodius, superlative accommodissimē)

accommodē (canonical)
accommodius (comparative)
accommodissimē (superlative)

[äkˈkɔmːɔd̪eː]


durabiliter

dūrābiliter (comparative dūrābilius, superlative dūrābilissimē)

dūrābiliter (canonical)
dūrābilius (comparative)
dūrābilissimē (superlative)

[d̪uːräːˈbɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From dūrābilis (“durable, lasting”) + -ter.


acriter

ācriter (comparative ācrius, superlative ācerrimē)

ācriter (canonical)
ācrius (comparative)
ācerrimē (superlative)

[ˈäːkrɪt̪ɛr]

sharply, strongly, vehemently, zealously


admirabiliter

admīrābiliter (comparative admīrābilius, superlative admīrābilissimē)

admīrābiliter (canonical)
admīrābilius (comparative)
admīrābilissimē (superlative)

[äd̪miːräːˈbɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

Derived from admīrābilis (“admirable”) + -ter (“adverb suffix”).


aeque

la-adv

aequē (comparative aequius, superlative aequissimē)

aequē (canonical)
aequius (comparative)
aequissimē (superlative)

From aequus (“level, even, equal”) + -ē.


aniliter

anīliter (comparative anīlius, superlative anīlissimē)

anīliter (canonical)
anīlius (comparative)
anīlissimē (superlative)

[äˈniːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From anīlis (“anile, old-womanish”) + -ter.


atrociter

atrōciter (comparative atrōcius, superlative atrōcissimē)

atrōciter (canonical)
atrōcius (comparative)
atrōcissimē (superlative)


aequabiliter

aequābiliter (comparative aequābilius, superlative aequābilissimē)

aequābiliter (canonical)
aequābilius (comparative)
aequābilissimē (superlative)

[äe̯kʷäːˈbɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From aequābilis (“equal, consistent, just”) + -ter.


aequaliter

la-adv

aequāliter (comparative aequālius, superlative aequālissimē)

aequāliter (canonical)
aequālius (comparative)
aequālissimē (superlative)

[äe̯ˈkʷäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From aequālis (“equal, even, level”) + -ter.


amabiliter

amābiliter (comparative amābilius, superlative amābilissimē)

amābiliter (canonical)
amābilius (comparative)
amābilissimē (superlative)

[ämäːˈbɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From amābilis (“lovely, amiable”) + -ter.


aequiter

aequiter (comparative aequius, superlative aequissimē)

aequius (comparative)
aequissimē (superlative)

[ˈäe̯kʷɪt̪ɛr]

From aequus (“level, even, equal”) + -ter.

(rare) equally, as, just as, in like manner


civiliter

cīvīliter (comparative cīvīlius, superlative cīvīlissimē)

cīvīliter (canonical)
cīvīlius (comparative)
cīvīlissimē (superlative)

From cīvīlis (“civic, civil, courteous”) + -ter (adverbial suffix).

af

citizen-like; in the manner of a citizen

courteously, kindly, as becomes a citizen


benigniter

la-adv

benigniter (comparative benignius, superlative benignissimē)

benignius (comparative)
benignissimē (superlative)

[bɛˈnɪŋnɪt̪ɛr]


blanditer

blanditer (comparative blandius, superlative blandissimē)

blandius (comparative)
blandissimē (superlative)

[ˈbɫ̪än̪d̪ɪt̪ɛr]

From blandus (“flattering, pleasant”) + -ter.


concorditer

concorditer (comparative concordius, superlative concordissimē)

concordius (comparative)
concordissimē (superlative)

[kɔŋˈkɔrd̪ɪt̪ɛr]

From concors (“agreeing, of one mind”) + -ter.


communiter

la-adv

commūniter (comparative commūnius, superlative commūnissimē)

commūniter (canonical)
commūnius (comparative)
commūnissimē (superlative)

From commūnis (“common, universal, public”) + -ter.

af

Citius, Altius, Fortius - Communiter : Faster, Higher, Stronger - Together (motto of the 2020 Olympic Games).


ad unguem

[äd̪ ˈʊŋɡʷɛ̃ˑ]

Calque of Ancient Greek εἰς ὄνῠχᾰ (eis ónukha, literally “to a nail”): an expression borrowed from sculptors, who, in modelling, give the finishing touch with the fingernail, or from joiners, who test the accuracy of joints in wood by the fingernail.

to a hair, to a nicety; precisely, exactly; to an exacting standard


consulariter

[kõːs̠ʊˈɫ̪äːrɪt̪ɛr]

From cōnsulāris (“consular, of a consul”) + -ter.

in a manner worthy of or befitting a consul


contumaciter

la-adv

contumāciter (comparative contumācius, superlative contumācissimē)

contumāciter (canonical)
contumācius (comparative)
contumācissimē (superlative)

[kɔn̪t̪ʊˈmäːkɪt̪ɛr]


credibiliter

crēdibiliter (comparative crēdibilius, superlative crēdibilissimē)

crēdibiliter (canonical)
crēdibilius (comparative)
crēdibilissimē (superlative)

From crēdibilis (“credible, believable”) + -ter.


ultro

From Latin ulter, originally the masculine ablative.

to the farther side, beyond, on the other side

(with citro) to and fro, back and forth, on this side and on that

(figuratively) superfluously, gratuitously, wantonly

Transeuntes autem primam et secundam custodiam, venerunt ad portam ferream, quae ducit ad civitatem: quae ultro aperta est eis. Et exeuntes processerunt vicum unum: et continuo discessit angelus ab eo.

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Actus Apostolorum.12.10, (Translates Greek αὐτομάτη.)

And passing through the first and the second ward, they came to the iron gate that leadeth to the city, which of itself opened to them. And going out, they passed on through one street: and immediately the angel departed from him. (Douay-Rheims Bible)

[…] ultro / hortantem et fessas ad pabula nota vocantem

c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.265

[…] freely / calling them and exhorting the weary insects to eat their familiar food.

(figuratively) of one's own accord, without being asked, spontaneously, voluntarily, freely


continenter

la-adv

continenter (comparative continentius, superlative continentissimē)

continentius (comparative)
continentissimē (superlative)

From continēns present participle of contineō (“I contain”), from con- (“together”) + teneō (“I hold”).


subtus

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: sum, su

Romanian: subt, supt, sub

Dalmatian:

sote

Italo-Romance:

Italian: sotto

Salentino: suttu

Padanian:

Friulian: sot

Ladin: sot

Lombard: sot

Piedmontese: sot

Romansch: sut, sot, suot

Venetan: sóto

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: sot, sœt

Old French: soz (see there for further descendants)

Ibero-Romance:

Portuguese: soto-

Spanish: soto-

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subta

Italo-Romance:

Sicilian: sutta

Padanian:

Emilian: sota

Lombard: sòta

Piedmontese: sota

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: sota-

Catalan: sota

→ Portuguese: sota

→ Spanish: sota, sota-

Occitan: sota

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: suta

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subtulus

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan:

Balear: sòtil

Valencian: sòtol

Old Occitan: sotol

Gascon: sòtou

Languedocien: sòtol

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: sotoo, sotão

Galician: sotao, soto, sóton

Portuguese: sótão, soto

Old Spanish: sótalo

Spanish: sótano

[ˈs̠ʊpt̪ʊs̠]


excellentissime

[ɛks̠kɛlːʲɛn̪ˈt̪ɪs̠ːɪmeː]


clarissime

superlative degree of clārē: most clearly


iugiter

iūgiter (comparative iūgius, superlative iūgissimē)

iūgiter (canonical)
iūgius (comparative)
iūgissimē (superlative)

[ˈi̯uːɡɪt̪ɛr]

Nec Rhenus, nec Rhodanus, nec Hister, nec Hebrus subiacen Haemo aestate proueniunt; et illis altissimae, ut in septemtrionibus, iugiter sunt nives. Phasis quoque per idem tempus et Borysthenes crescerent, ut nives flumina possent contra aestatem magna producere.

65 CE, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Naturales quaestiones ("Inquiries into Nature")

Neither the Rhine, nor the Rhone rivers, nor the Danube, nor its tributaries the Hebrus (the modern Maritsa River in Greece) and the Haemus (the modern Iskar River in Bulgaria), those being very deep, are perpetually frozen before the summer season. Also at the same time the Phasis (the modern Rioni River in Georgia), and the Borysthenes (the modern Dnieper River) have become so great as to be able to freeze amidst summer heat.

His...brevibus ac praecisis sententiis, quasi quibusdam expeditis atque continuis armis, contra omnes insultus, omnemque repentinum impetum, hinc illinc iugiter sis instructus.

1359, Francesco Petrarca, Epistolae familiares ("Letters on Familiar Matters")

By means of these brief, succinct, and authoritative sayings, these sententiae, you will be continually equipped, should you find need to be, to protect yourself against all mockery, just as if you were always armed with handy weapons.

constantly, continually, continuously, perpetually

Tuque Pudentillam verbis adfare supremis, / quae famae curam, quae probitatis habes. / Nobilis haec, frugi, proba, laeta, pudica, decora, / coniugium Sancti iugiter haec habuit. Inviolata tuens castae praeconia vitae / rexit opes proprias, otia agente viro: / non ideo exprobrans aut fronte obducta marito, / quod gereret totam femina sola domum. / Heu nimium iuvenis, sed laeta superstite nato / atque viro, patiens fata suprema obiit: / unanimis nostrae et quondam germana Sabinae / et mihi inoffenso nomine dicta soror. / Nunc etiam manes placidos pia cura retractat / atque Pudentillam fantis honore colit.

~380 CE, Decimius Magnus Ausonius, 'Parentalia 19' "Namiae Pudentillae, sorori Sabinae",.Line 4

You also, Lady, who think highly of a good name and upright life, speak a word of last farewell to Pudentilla. Well-born, thrifty, and upright, cheerful, modest, and fair, she unfailingly maintained the wedded life of Sanctus. Keeping unstained the praises due to a modest life, she managed her own property, while her lord lived at ease: but for all that she did not taunt her husband nor look black upon him because he left a woman to manage the whole house alone. Alas! Too young, yet happy that her husband and her son still lived, she met her final doom and died. She was of one heart and one in blood with my Sabina, and by me was she called sister unreproved. Now also my loving thoughts busy themselves with her peaceful shade, and voice these words of tribute to my Pudentilla.

Quaerite Dominum et virtutem eius; quaerite faciem eius iugiter.

late 4th century CE, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus, Biblia Vulgata ("Latin Vulgate Bible").Psalm 105:4

Seek the Lord, and his strength: seek his face evermore. (KJV) / Look to the Lord and his strength; seek his face always. (NIV) / Seek Adonai and his strength; always seek his presence. (CJB) / Look for the Lord and His strength. Look for His face all the time. (NLV) / Seek the Lord and his strength; seek his presence continually. (NRSV) / Seek the Eternal and His power; look to His face constantly. (The Voice Bible)

℣. Panem de cælis præstitisti eis (in Paschaltide and on Corpus Christi, 'Alleluia' is added). ℟. Omne delectamentum in se habentem (in Paschaltide and on Corpus Christi, 'Alleluia' is added). ℣. Oremus: Deus, qui nobis sub sacramento mirabili, passionis tuæ memoriam reliquisti: tribue, quæsumus, ita nos corporis et sanguinis tui sacra mysteria venerari, ut redemptionis tuæ fructum in nobis iugiter sentiamus. Qui vivis et regnas in sæcula sæculorum. ℟. Amen.
℣. You have provided them bread from heaven. ℟. Having in itself all delight. ℣. Let us pray: O God, who to us in this wonderful Sacrament, bequeathed a memorial of Your Passion: grant, we beseech, that we, in worshipping the Holy Mysteries of Your Body and Blood, may within ourselves continually sensibly perceive the fruit of Your redemption. You who live and reign into ages of ages. ℟. Amen. (directly equivalent translation) // ℣. Thou hast given them bread from heaven. ℟. Having within it all sweetness. ℣. Let us pray: O God, who in this wonderful Sacrament left us a memorial of Thy Passion: grant, we implore Thee, that we may so venerate the sacred mysteries of Thy Body and Blood, as always to be conscious of the fruit of Thy Redemption. Thou who livest and reignest forever and ever. ℟. Amen.

perhaps 15th century CE, Author uncertain., Versum of the Benedictiō following the Tantum ergo portion of the.Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament. in the Roman Catholic and certain other Christian traditions

functionally equivalent translation used in Roman Catholic liturgy

ceaselessly, incessantly, unceasingly, uninterruptedly, unfailingly; all the time, always, ever, evermore

endlessly, eternally, everlastingly, forever, forevermore, (in a specific sense) everflowingly


agiliter

agiliter (comparative agilius, superlative agilissimē)

agilius (comparative)
agilissimē (superlative)

[äˈɡɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From agilis (“agile, nimble, swift”) + -ter.


dissimulanter

dissimulanter (comparative dissimulantius, superlative dissimulantissimē)

dissimulantius (comparative)
dissimulantissimē (superlative)

[d̪ɪs̠ːɪmʊˈɫ̪än̪t̪ɛr]

From dissimulāns + -ter, from the present active participle of dissimulō (“dissemble, conceal”).


dissimiliter

dissimiliter (comparative dissimilius, superlative dissimilissimē)

dissimilius (comparative)
dissimilissimē (superlative)

[d̪ɪs̠ːɪˈmɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From dissimilis (“dissimilar, different”) + -ter.


in infinitum

English: in infinitum

[ɪn ĩːfiːˈniːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]


horribiliter

la-adv

horribiliter (comparative horribilius, superlative horribilissimē)

horribilius (comparative)
horribilissimē (superlative)

[hɔrːɪˈbɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

(in a positive sense) fearfully, amazingly


diligenter

dīligenter (comparative dīligentius, superlative dīligentissimē)

dīligenter (canonical)
dīligentius (comparative)
dīligentissimē (superlative)

[d̪iːlʲɪˈɡɛn̪t̪ɛr]

From dīligēns + -ter, from the present active participle of dīligō (“I esteem, I love”).


multum

multum (comparative plūs, superlative plūrimum)

plūs (comparative)
plūrimum (superlative)

→ Swedish: multum

→ Polish: multum

Adverbial accusative of multus (“much, many”).

adverbial accusative

[ˈmʊɫ̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]


bovatim

[boˈu̯äːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

After the manner of cattle, oxen or cows.


velut

O fortuna uelud luna ſtatu uariabiliſ...

Oh Fortune, like the Moon of variable state...

re contrahitur obligatio velut mutui datione

an obligation contracted by (transferring) the thing, namely, by giving it in mutuum

Cf. On the so-called Real Contract in the Institutes of Gaius


hospitaliter

[hɔs̠pɪˈt̪äːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From hospitālis (“hospitable”) + -ter, from hospes (“host; guest; stranger”) + -ālis.


irreparate

la-adv

irreparātē (comparative irreparātius, superlative irreparātissimē)

irreparātē (canonical)
irreparātius (comparative)
irreparātissimē (superlative)


rursum

Alternative form of rūrsus ("backward"; "on the contrary"; "in return").


fabre

fabrē (comparative fabrius, superlative faberrimē)

fabrē (canonical)
fabrius (comparative)
faberrimē (superlative)


centraliter

centrāliter (comparative centrālius, superlative centrālissimē)

centrāliter (canonical)
centrālius (comparative)
centrālissimē (superlative)

[kɛn̪ˈt̪räːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From centrālis (“central”) + -ter, from centrum (“center point”).

(Renaissance Latin) centrally, in the middle


inurbane

[ɪnʊrˈbäːnɛ]


gentilitus

[ɡɛn̪ˈt̪iːlʲɪt̪ʊs̠]

From gentīlis (“of a people or nation”) + -tus.


gentiliter

la-adv

gentīliter (comparative gentīlius, superlative gentīlissimē)

gentīliter (canonical)
gentīlius (comparative)
gentīlissimē (superlative)

[ɡɛn̪ˈt̪iːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From gentīlis (“of a people or nation”) + -ter.


seniliter

la-adv

senīliter (comparative senīlius, superlative senīlissimē)

senīliter (canonical)
senīlius (comparative)
senīlissimē (superlative)

[s̠ɛˈniːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From senīlis (“aged, senile”) + -ter, from senex (“old”).


molliter

molliter (comparative mollius, superlative mollissimē)

mollius (comparative)
mollissimē (superlative)

[ˈmɔlːʲɪt̪ɛr]


n̄

(Medieval Latin) Scribal abbreviation of nōn (“not”).


decenter

decenter (comparative decentius, no superlative)


iudicialiter

iūdiciāliter (comparative iūdiciālius, superlative iūdiciālissimē)

iūdiciāliter (canonical)
iūdiciālius (comparative)
iūdiciālissimē (superlative)

[i̯uːd̪ɪkiˈäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

Post-Classical; from iūdiciālis (“judicial”) + -ter (“adverbial suffix”).


oculariter

la-adv

oculāriter (comparative oculārius, superlative oculārissimē)

oculāriter (canonical)
oculārius (comparative)
oculārissimē (superlative)

[ɔkʊˈɫ̪äːrɪt̪ɛr]


somnialiter

[s̠ɔmniˈäːlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From somniālis (“of dreams, dream-bringing”) + -ter.


sedulo

Benedictus de Spinoza, Tractatus Politicus

I have laboured diligently, not to mock, lament, or execrate human actions; but to understand them.

sedulo curavi, humanas actiones non ridere, non lugere, neque detestari, sed intelligere

busily, zealously, purposely, designedly, carefully, diligently


prave

la-adv

prāvē (comparative prāvius, superlative prāvissimē)

prāvē (canonical)
prāvius (comparative)
prāvissimē (superlative)


extente

extentē (comparative extentius, superlative extentissimē)

extentē (canonical)
extentius (comparative)
extentissimē (superlative)


tantopere

Syncope of tantō opere (literally “to such an extent”).


satius

Cum dignitāte morī satius est quam cum ignōminiā vīvere.

It is better to die with honour than to live in disgrace.


propius

Franco-Provençal: procho

Old French: proche

Bourbonnais-Berrichon: preuche

French: proche

→? Occitan: pròche, pròchi

Parce piō generī, et propius rēs aspice nostrās.

“Spare a pious race, and look more closely at our plight.”

comparative degree of prope (“nearly, more nearly, nearer, closer, almost”)


signate

sīgnātē (comparative sīgnātius, superlative sīgnātissimē)

sīgnātē (canonical)
sīgnātius (comparative)
sīgnātissimē (superlative)


festinato

festīnātō (comparative festīnātius, superlative festīnātissimē)

festīnātō (canonical)
festīnātius (comparative)
festīnātissimē (superlative)


comiter

cōmiter (comparative cōmius, superlative cōmissimē)

cōmiter (canonical)
cōmius (comparative)
cōmissimē (superlative)


praecipue

praecipuē (comparative praecipuius, superlative praecipuissimē)

praecipuē (canonical)
praecipuius (comparative)
praecipuissimē (superlative)


maxime

maximē (comparative maximius, superlative maximissimē)

maximē (canonical)
maximius (comparative)
maximissimē (superlative)

→ Italian: massime

Portuguese: máxime

Spanish: máxime

English: maximum

Superlative of magnopere, from maximus + -ē.

chiefly, especially, mainly, particularly


praesertim

[präe̯ˈs̠ɛrt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From prae- (“before”) + serō (“I join or bind together”) + -tim (forms adverbs).


singulariter

la-adv

singulāriter (comparative singulārius, superlative singulārissimē)

singulāriter (canonical)
singulārius (comparative)
singulārissimē (superlative)

(pre-Classical, Late Latin) individually, singly, one-by-one


grammatice

grammaticē (comparative grammaticius, superlative grammaticissimē)

grammaticē (canonical)
grammaticius (comparative)
grammaticissimē (superlative)

Transliteration of Ancient Greek γραμματική (grammatikḗ), an ellipsis of γραμματικὴ τέχνη (grammatikḕ tékhnē, “grammatical art, grammar”).

translit

grammatical; according to the rules of grammar; grammatically


critice

la-adv

criticē (comparative criticius, superlative criticissimē)

criticē (canonical)
criticius (comparative)
criticissimē (superlative)


iure

rightly, legally, in accordance with the law


iracunde

īrācundē (comparative īrācundius, superlative īrācundissimē)

īrācundē (canonical)
īrācundius (comparative)
īrācundissimē (superlative)


illecebrose

illecebrōsē (comparative illecebrōsius, superlative illecebrōsissimē)

illecebrōsē (canonical)
illecebrōsius (comparative)
illecebrōsissimē (superlative)

[ɪlːʲɛkɛˈbroːs̠eː]

(Late Latin) seductively, enticingly, attractively


anxie

anxiē (comparative anxius, superlative anxissimē)

anxiē (canonical)
anxius (comparative)
anxissimē (superlative)


maeste

From maestus (“sad, sorrowful, gloomy”) + -ē, from maereō (“I am sad or mournful”).


foede

foedē (comparative foedius, superlative foedissimē)

foedē (canonical)
foedius (comparative)
foedissimē (superlative)

C. Sulpicio cui Sicilia euenerat duae legiones quas P. Cornelius habuisset decretae et supplementum de exercitu Cn. Fului, qui priore anno in Apulia foede caesus fugatusque erat.

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1

To Gaius Sulpicius to whom Sicily was allotted two legions which Publius Cornelius had held were decided upon and reinforcements from Gnaius Fulvius’ army, which in the previous year had been shamefully defeated decisively and put to flight in Apulia

shamefully, disgracefully, ignominiously (in a manner that brings disgrace)


laete

laetē (comparative laetius, superlative laetissimē)

laetē (canonical)
laetius (comparative)
laetissimē (superlative)


ceterum

Accusative neuter singular of cēterus, used substantively or adverbially.

Cato the Elder
Ceterum censeo Carthaginem esse delendam
Furthermore, I consider that Carthage is to be destroyed.

moreover, in addition, furthermore (moving on to another topic)


tertio

From tertius (“third”) + -ō, from trēs (“three”).


aenigmatice

aenigmaticē (comparative aenigmaticius, superlative aenigmaticissimē)

aenigmaticē (canonical)
aenigmaticius (comparative)
aenigmaticissimē (superlative)


voluptuose

[u̯ɔɫ̪ʊpt̪uˈoːs̠eː]


publice

on account of the people, publicly, officially, for the state, on behalf of the state


saeve

saevē (comparative saevius, superlative saevissimē)

saevē (canonical)
saevius (comparative)
saevissimē (superlative)

[ˈs̠äe̯u̯eː]


obviam

obviam ire alicui


dubie

haud dubie


amoene

amoenē (comparative amoenius, superlative amoenissimē)

amoenē (canonical)
amoenius (comparative)
amoenissimē (superlative)

From amoenus (“charming, lovely, delightful”) + -ē.

suffix

in a pleasant or attractive manner, pleasantly, agreeably


politice

la-adv

polīticē (comparative polīticius, superlative polīticissimē)

polīticē (canonical)
polīticius (comparative)
polīticissimē (superlative)


paulum

paulum (comparative minus, superlative minimē)

minus (comparative)
minimē (superlative)


supervacuo

supervacuō (comparative supervacuius, superlative supervacuissimē)

supervacuō (canonical)
supervacuius (comparative)
supervacuissimē (superlative)


supervacue

supervacuē (comparative supervacuius, superlative supervacuissimē)

supervacuē (canonical)
supervacuius (comparative)
supervacuissimē (superlative)


iocunde

iōcundē (comparative iōcundius, superlative iōcundissimē)

iōcundē (canonical)
iōcundius (comparative)
iōcundissimē (superlative)


iucunde

iūcundē (comparative iūcundius, superlative iūcundissimē)

iūcundē (canonical)
iūcundius (comparative)
iūcundissimē (superlative)

From iūcundus (“pleasant, delightful”) + -ē.

pleasantly, delightfully, agreeably, in a charming way


oppido

Said to be the dative of oppidum (“town”) in the sense "so greatly that it's enough for an entire town".

(colloquial in classical texts) very, greatly, much


nihilo

Post eius mortem nihilo minus Helvetii id quod constituerant facere conantur, ut e finibus suis exeant

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.5

After his death the Helvetii none the less undertook to use that which they had already established so that they could leave their borders.


commodo

From commodus (“suitable, useful, convenient”) + -ō (adverb-forming suffix).

affix

[ˈkɔmːɔd̪oː]


decimum

Adverbial accusative of decimus (“tenth”).


interius

comparative degree of intrā; on the inside, in the inner part


eodem

Ibi cognoscit LX naves, quae in Meldis factae erant, tempestate reiectas cursum tenere non potuisse atque eodem unde erant profectae revertisse.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.5

There he discovers that sixty ships, which had been built in the country of the Meldi, having been driven back by a storm, had been unable to maintain their course, and had returned to the same port from which they had set out.

Idemne potest esse dies saepius, qui semel fuit? Certe non potest. An eiusdem modi? Ne id quidem, nisi multa annorum intercesserint milia, ut omnium siderum eodem, unde profecta sint, fiat ad unum tempus reversio.

45 BCE, Cicero, De finibus bonorum et malorum 2.102

Can a day again be, which already was? It assuredly cannot. Or even a similar day? Not even that can be, unless many thousands of years have passed, so that all the stars simultaneously return to the place whence they have moved.


melius

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: mezus, menzus, mellus, megnus, mellus, mègius

Italo-Romance:

Italian: meglio

Sicilian: megghiu, megliu

North Italian:

Ladin: miec

Friulian: miei

Venetan: mejo, megio, meo

Gallo-Romance:

Angevin: mieux

Bourguignon: meux

Norman: mieux

Franco-Provençal: mielx

Old French: mels, miels, mieuz

French: mieux

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: mills

Occitan: mièlhs


aegre

la-adv

aegrē (comparative aegrius, superlative aegerrimē)

aegrē (canonical)
aegrius (comparative)
aegerrimē (superlative)

From aeger (“ill, difficult, reluctant”) + -ē (“adverbial suffix”).


alicubi

From ali- (“some”) + cubī̆ (“where”), the original form of ubī̆, from the PIE interrogative stem *kʷo-. Compare uter (“which of two”) which replaced *cuter, from *kʷóteros.


aliquotiens

ali- (“some”) + quotiēns (“how many times”).


honorifice

la-adv

honōrificē (comparative honōrificentius, superlative honōrificentissimē)

honōrificē (canonical)
honōrificentius (comparative)
honōrificentissimē (superlative)


historice

historicē (comparative historicius, superlative historicissimē)

historicē (canonical)
historicius (comparative)
historicissimē (superlative)

100 CE ca., Plin., Ep., II, 2, 5

It is appropriate to look at the descriptions of places not only in the manner of historians but almost in that of poets.

Descriptiones locorum non historice tantum sed prope poetice prosequi fas est.


valenter

valenter (comparative valentius, superlative valentissimē)

valentius (comparative)
valentissimē (superlative)

strongly, forcefully, powerfully, vigorously, sturdily


municipatim

From municip(ium) (“township, municipality”) + -ātim.


nonnumquam

[noːnˈnʊŋkʷä̃ˑ]

Univerbation of nōn (“not”) + numquam (“never”).


viritim

vir (“man, individual”) + -tim (“adverb forming suffix”)


sponte

freely, willingly, voluntarily, spontaneously


illoc

Dalmatian: luc

Galician: aló

Ladin: iló

Leonese: alló

Old French: iluec
Norman: iloc

q

influenced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="it">loco</i> 'place'

Old Italian: loco (influenced by loco 'place')

Probably from a masculine singular instrumental of Proto-Italic Proto-Italic *e/olloike, from ille + -ce; was replaced by Classical Latin illūc. Compare hōc and hūc.


quater

“… Quater ipsō in līmine portae
substitit, atque uterō sonitum quater arma dedēre.”
“Four times – at the very threshold of the gateway! – it hesitated; and also four times the weapons within its womb gave up a clatter.”

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.241–242

(Despite repeated difficulties and multiple warning signs the Trojans persist in pulling the wooden horse into the city.)


demum

Adverbial accusative of an unattested superlative adjective *dēmus, from dē. Compare denique.

Dēmum post longam vītam Herculēs ā deīs receptus est.

Finally after a long life Hercules was received by the gods.


privatim

→ German: privatim


interdiu

From inter (“between, during”) + diū (“in the day”).


quotiens

Catalan: quocient

English: quotient

Italian: quoziente

Portuguese: quociente, cociente

Spanish: cociente

[ˈkʷɔt̪iẽːs̠]

“Mē patris Anchīsae, quotiēns ūmentibus umbrīs
nox operit terrās, quotiēns astra ignea surgunt,

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.351–353

“[I think] of my father Anchises, whenever dank shades of night shroud the lands, as often as fiery stars arise, he admonishes me in my dreams, and his troubled phantom frightens me.”

admonet in somnīs et turbida terret imāgō.”

as often, as often as, as many times as, whenever


postea

Italian: poscia

Old French: pieça

French: piéça

[ˈpɔs̠t̪eäː]

etymon

posteā


arcte

la-adv

arctē (comparative arctius, superlative arctissimē)

arctē (canonical)
arctius (comparative)
arctissimē (superlative)


nonnihil

Univerbation of nōn (“not”) + nihil (“nothing”).


amplius

comparative degree of amplē (“further, more”)

besides (used in scholastic debates to introduce another point in one's argument)


ejusmodi

[ɛi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠mɔd̪ɪ]


paulatim

desctree

→ Spanish: paulatino
→ Portuguese: paulatino

[päu̯ˈɫ̪äːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From paulus (“little”) + -ātim (adverb-forming suffix).


nihilominus

Univerbation of nihilō (“by nothing”) + minus (“less”).


eiusmodi

[ɛi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠mɔd̪ɪ]

From eius (“of this”) + modī (“manner”).


utrimque

[ʊˈt̪rɪŋkʷɛ]

Adverbial accusative formed on uterque (“either, both, each”), compare its accusative form utrumque and the development of the adverbial suffix -tim, as well as multum.


dumtaxat

[d̪ʊn̪ˈt̪äks̠ät̪]

From dum (“as, while, during”) + taxat (3rd person singular present active indicative of taxō). Literally, "as one examines", "as one may judge".

compound

(introducing a limiting clause or condition) provided that, as long as


saltem

Adverb from the same root as salūs, salvus.


quamdiu

Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistle CI


proinde

Old Spanish: porende

Spanish: por ende

Old Galician-Portuguese: porende

Portuguese: porém

(in warnings, advising) so, for this reason, hence, therefore (sums up the previous argumentation)

(in comparison, with or without ut) (so) as; in the same manner, accordingly


quamvis

Ut ager, quamvis fertilis, sine cultura fructuosus esse non potest, sic sine doctrina animus.

c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 2.13

Just as the field, however fertile, without cultivation cannot be fruitful, likewise the soul without education.


quatenus

[ˈkʷäːt̪ɛnʊs̠]

Eadem est asini et cuiusvis imperatoris post modicum tempus gloria, nisi quatenus memoria alterutrius scriptorum beneficio prorogatur.

1159, John of Salisbury, Policraticus, Prologus:

The reputation of the fool and the emperor is the same after a moderate period of time except where the memory of either is prolonged by the beneficence of writers.


cumque

From cum + -que (“each”). Compare with umquam.

however, whenever, howsoever, whensoever, wherever


abstractiter

la-adv

abstractiter (comparative abstractius, superlative abstractissimē)

abstractius (comparative)
abstractissimē (superlative)


invicem

in + vicem (accusative singular form of vicis)

compound

accusative singular form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">vicis</i>

[ˈɪnu̯ɪkɛ̃ˑ]

Reliqui, qui domi manserunt, se atque illos alunt. Hi rursus invicem anno post in armis sunt, illi domi remanent.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 4.1

(After warriors are conscripted among the fierce Suebi...) The rest remain at home, feeding themselves and the others (who are fighting). Then, again and again in turns, they take arms after a year while the others remain at home.

Vixeruntque mira concordia, per mutuam caritatem et invicem se anteponendo.

They [my father-in-law Gn. Julius Agricola and his wife Domitia Decidiana] lived with outstanding harmony, by holding mutual affection and putting each other first.

Hoc est praeceptum meum: ut diligatis invicem sicut dilexi vos.

(Jesus speaking to his apostles) This is my commandment: love each other as I have loved you.

(Silver Latin, Late Latin) mutually, each other, reciprocally, one another


partim

An old accusative singular form of pars, used adverbially; the form of the noun used for the accusative singular is more typically partem.

(literal) partly, in part, a part, some of, some

(pre-Classical) for the most part, chiefly, principally

partly, in part, a part, some of, some
for the most part, chiefly, principally

transferred senses
transferred sense#English

partly, in part, a part, some of, some
sometimes


tantundem

[t̪än̪ˈt̪ʊn̪d̪ɛ̃ˑ]

From tantusdem: the adjective forms are semi-regularly derived, with the -m of the tantum element assimilated to -n by the following initial d- of the -dem element; the noun is a substantivisation of the adjective’s neuter forms, with the prosentential phrase and adverb both deriving from it.

to as great a degree or extent, just as much


competenter

la-adv

competenter (comparative competentius, superlative competentissimē)

competentius (comparative)
competentissimē (superlative)

From competēns (“meeting, agreeing”) + -ter.


conjuncte

conjūnctē (comparative conjūnctius, superlative conjūnctissimē)

conjūnctē (canonical)
conjūnctius (comparative)
conjūnctissimē (superlative)


coniuncte

coniūnctē (comparative coniūnctius, superlative coniūnctissimē)

coniūnctē (canonical)
coniūnctius (comparative)
coniūnctissimē (superlative)

From coniūnctus (“united, connected”) + -ē (“-ly”, adverbial suffix).

af

conjointly, together, in connection, at the same time


deinceps

[ˈd̪ɛi̯ŋkɛps̠]

From dein (“thereafter”) + -ceps (“taking”).


huiuscemodi

[hʊi̯ːʊs̠ˈkɛmɔd̪iː]


pariter

… et pariter facta atque īnfecta canēbat.

And [Rumor] was singing equally about what had happened as well as what had not taken place.
(Fama or Rumor conveys both fact and fiction.)

‘cōnsule’ dīc ‘pecorī pariter pecorisque magistrīs:
effugiat stabulīs noxā repulsa meīs.’
Say, ‘‘Lend your care to the flock and likewise to the masters of the flock. Send away harm, [it] having been repelled from my stables.’’
(A prayer to Pales. Note the alliteration and repetitive emphasis of the three ‘‘p’’ words: ‘‘pecorī pariter pecorisque.’’)


tamquam

[ˈt̪äŋkʷä̃ˑ]


unice

alone, solely, singularly, especially; in an extraordinary degree


serius

Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:
* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.
* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift "slow" > "tiring" > "heavy" > "grave, serious".


praeterea

From praeter (“after”) + ea (“these things”).


pulchre

la-adv

pulchrē (comparative pulchrius, superlative pulcherrimē)

pulchrē (canonical)
pulchrius (comparative)
pulcherrimē (superlative)

[ˈpʊɫ̪kʰreː]


pretiose

pretiōsē (comparative pretiōsius, superlative pretiōsissimē)

pretiōsē (canonical)
pretiōsius (comparative)
pretiōsissimē (superlative)

in a costly manner, expensively, richly, splendidly, magnificently, wealthily


quocumque

Quocumque jeceris stabit ― Whithersoever thou mayst cast it, it will stand


accuratius

comparative degree of accūrātē: more carefully, precisely or exactly


acerbius

more stridently etc.; comparative degree of acerbē


adfecte

adfectē (comparative adfectius, superlative adfectissimē)

adfectē (canonical)
adfectius (comparative)
adfectissimē (superlative)


aliquamdiu

for some time; for some distance; for a while


altius

Citius, Altius, Fortius : Faster, Higher, Stronger (motto of the Olympic Games).


aliquantum

[älʲɪˈkʷän̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]


aptius

comparative degree of aptē: more aptly, more suitably


audacter

audācter (comparative audācius, superlative audācissimē)

audācter (canonical)
audācius (comparative)
audācissimē (superlative)


apte

aptē (comparative aptius, superlative aptissimē)

aptē (canonical)
aptius (comparative)
aptissimē (superlative)


clementer

clēmenter (comparative clēmentius, superlative clēmentissimē)

clēmenter (canonical)
clēmentius (comparative)
clēmentissimē (superlative)


retrorsum

Contraction of retrō + vorsum (archaic form of versum, versus).


commodius

comparative degree of commodē (“conveniently”)


conjunctim

conjūnctim (comparative conjūnctius, superlative conjūnctissimē)

conjūnctim (canonical)
conjūnctius (comparative)
conjūnctissimē (superlative)


coniunctim

coniūnctim (comparative coniūnctius, superlative coniūnctissimē)

coniūnctim (canonical)
coniūnctius (comparative)
coniūnctissimē (superlative)

[kɔnˈi̯uːŋkt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From coniūngō (“I connect, join”) + -tim.


latius

Latīnās autem linguās quattuor esse quīdam dīxērunt, id est prīscam, latīnam, rōmānam, mixtam. … Mixta, quae, post imperium lātius prōmōtum, semel cum mōribus et hominibus in cīvitātem rōmānam inrūpit, integritātem verbī per barbarismōs et soloecismōs corrumpēns.

7th c., Isidore of Seville, Etymologiae IX.I

Some, however, say that there are four Latin languages: Ancient, Latin, Roman and Mixed. … Mixed [Latin], which, after the Empire expanded more broadly, rushed into Roman civilization along with [new] customs and people, corrupting the integrity of speech with barbarisms and solecisms.


difficulius

(dubious) Alternative form of difficilius


constanter

cōnstanter (comparative cōnstantius, superlative cōnstantissimē)

cōnstanter (canonical)
cōnstantius (comparative)
cōnstantissimē (superlative)

[kõːˈs̠t̪än̪t̪ɛr]


acrissime

(proscribed) superlative degree of ācriter


lentius

[ˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪iʊs̠]


abiectissime

[äbi̯ɛkˈt̪ɪs̠ːɪmeː]


horribilius

[hɔrːɪˈbɪlʲiʊs̠]


pulchrissime

(proscribed) superlative degree of pulchrē


dulcissime

[d̪ʊɫ̪ˈkɪs̠ːɪmeː]


Latinius

[ɫ̪äˈt̪iːniʊs̠]


coram

From co- + ōs, ōris (“mouth”).
The ablative is from the PIE comitative-instrumental.


cuneatim

[kʊneˈäːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]


derecto

dērēctō (comparative derectius, superlative derectissimē)

dērēctō (canonical)
derectius (comparative)
derectissimē (superlative)

directly, immediately, without intervening action


derecte

dērēctē (comparative dērēctius, superlative dērēctissimē)

dērēctē (canonical)
dērēctius (comparative)
dērēctissimē (superlative)

moving straight forward, in straight line


desuper

Non facies tibi sculptile, neque omnem similitudinem quae est in caelo desuper, et quae in terra deorsum, nec eorum quae sunt in aquis sub terra.

Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.


diutissime

[d̪iuːˈt̪ɪs̠ːɪmeː]


diuturnius

(comparative degree of dĭūturnē) for a longer time


eximie

eximiē (comparative eximius, superlative eximissimē)

eximiē (canonical)
eximius (comparative)
eximissimē (superlative)

From eximius (“special, choice, remarkable”) + -ē.


exterius

comparative degree of extrā; on the outside


pridem

[ˈpriːd̪ɛ̃ˑ]

From unattested *prīs, zero grade of prius (compare magis, and maius) and -dem. The same adverb *prīs is also found in prīstinus and prīscus.

probum tē et frūgi hominem jam prīdem esse arbitror.

jam prīdem vidētur factum, heri quod hominēs quattuor

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 303

fuit enim rēgnante jam Graeciā, nostrā autem cīvitāte nōn ita prīdem dominātū rēgiō līberātā.

vērum, ut opīnor, habet novitātem summa recensque

c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 5.330

nātūra est mundī neque prīdem exōrdia cēpit.


fastigate

la-adv

fastīgātē (comparative fastīgātius, superlative fastīgātissimē)

fastīgātē (canonical)
fastīgātius (comparative)
fastīgātissimē (superlative)


sepe

sēpe (comparative sēpius, superlative sēpissimē)

sēpe (canonical)
sēpius (comparative)
sēpissimē (superlative)


firmiter

firmiter (comparative firmius, superlative firmissimē)

firmius (comparative)
firmissimē (superlative)


dius

diūs (comparative diūtius, superlative diūtissimē)

diūs (canonical)
diūtius (comparative)
diūtissimē (superlative)

Old Latin [Term?] from Proto-Italic *djous (“day”) from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“daytime sky”); compare diēs. Cognate with Old Armenian տիւ (tiw), Sanskrit दिवा (divā, “by day”).


identidem

[ɪˈd̪ɛn̪t̪ɪd̪ɛ̃ˑ]

again and again, repeatedly, continually


impense

la-adv

impēnsē (comparative impēnsius, superlative impēnsissimē)

impēnsē (canonical)
impēnsius (comparative)
impēnsissimē (superlative)

From impendō (“I spend, expend; devote”).

Impense id iam commendarat suis ad vos litteris felicis recordationis praedecessor noster Pius VIII;

Atque ab Ipso impensissime exposcimus, ut […] inter densas tenebras, quibus universa terra fuit obducta, inimicorum suorum mentes illustravit.


imperite

imperītē (comparative imperītius, superlative imperītissimē)

imperītē (canonical)
imperītius (comparative)
imperītissimē (superlative)

From imperītus (“unskilled”) + -ē (“-ly”).


inridicule

inrīdiculē (comparative inrīdiculius, superlative inrīdiculissimē)

inrīdiculē (canonical)
inrīdiculius (comparative)
inrīdiculissimē (superlative)


irridicule

irrīdiculē (comparative irrīdiculius, superlative irrīdiculissimē)

irrīdiculē (canonical)
irrīdiculius (comparative)
irrīdiculissimē (superlative)


insolenter

īnsolenter (comparative īnsolentius, superlative īnsolentissimē)

īnsolenter (canonical)
īnsolentius (comparative)
īnsolentissimē (superlative)


insuper

besides, furthermore, what's more, in addition


introrsum

>? Galician: entrouxo, entrouso

Contraction of intrō (“within”) + versus (“towards”), literally "towards within" or "towards inside".


intus

→ German: intus

Ligurian: inte

Neapolitan: into, dinto, rinto

Old French: enz

Norman: yens

From in (“in, at”) + -tus (adverb ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐντός (entós, “within”).


largiter

largiter (comparative largius, superlative largissimē)

largius (comparative)
largissimē (superlative)


mediocriter

mediocriter (comparative mediocrius, superlative mediocrissimē)

mediocrius (comparative)
mediocrissimē (superlative)


mobiliter

mōbiliter (comparative mōbilius, superlative mōbilissimē)

mōbiliter (canonical)
mōbilius (comparative)
mōbilissimē (superlative)


necubi

From nē (“lest”) + cubī, older form of ubī (“where”).


nominatim

nōminātim (comparative nōminātius, superlative nōminātissimē)

nōminātim (canonical)
nōminātius (comparative)
nōminātissimē (superlative)

[noːmɪˈnäːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

In castris Helvetiorum tabulae repertae sunt litteris Graecis confectae et ad Caesarem relatae, quibus in tabulis nominatim ratio confecta erat, qui numerus domo exisset eorum qui arma ferre possent […]

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.29

In the camp of the Helvetii, lists were found, drawn up in Greek characters, and were brought to Caesar, in which an estimate had been drawn up, name by name, of the number which had gone forth from their country of those who were able to bear arms […]


nusquam

[ˈnʊs̠kʷä̃ˑ]

nusquam infecta re discederent

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.17

and never abandoned an enterprise which has been initiated


penitus

[ˈpɛnɪt̪ʊs̠]

From the root of penus (“food, provisions”) and penes (“in the control of”). De Vaan reconstructs an extended stem *pen-et- as the source of penes, penitus and penetrō. The adverb appears to be formed as pen-o-/pen-u- (root of the noun penus) + -tus (adverb-forming suffix).

suffix

root of the noun <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">penus</i>

cum subitō Aenēās concursū accēdere magnō
Anthea Sergestumque videt fortemque Cloanthum,
Teucrōrumque aliōs, āter quōs aequore turbō

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.509–512

When suddenly Aeneas sees, approaching through the massive assembly, Antheus, Sergestus, and brave Cloanthus, and other Trojans, whom the dark whirlwind had scattered in the sea and had carried far away to other shores.

dispulerat penitusque aliās āvēxerat ōrās.


pertinaciter

la-adv

pertināciter (comparative pertinācius, superlative pertinācissimē)

pertināciter (canonical)
pertinācius (comparative)
pertinācissimē (superlative)


postridie

For posterī diē, the locative cases of Latin posterus and diēs.


postremum

[ˈpɔs̠t̪rɛmʊ̃ˑ]


pridie

A contracted form of Old Latin *pri + diē (“before the day”)

...pridie quam ego Athenas veni...

...on the day before I came to Athens...

...pridie Kalendas Februarias...

...on the day before the February calends...


profecto

'Absque te' inquit 'uno, forsitan lingua profecto Graeca longe anteisset, sed tu, mi Fronto, quod in uersu Homerico est, id facis: καί νύ κεν ἢ παρέλασσας ἢ ἀμφήριστον ἔθηκας.

c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 2.26

He said, "without you alone, maybe the Greek language would have indeed won, but my dear Fronto, you do what appears in that verse by Homer: He would've made of it either a (victorious) parade or a source of doubt (for the supposed enemy victory) (Iliad 23.527).

actually, indeed, really, truly, surely, assuredly


saepissime

English: saepis., saepiss.


separatim

sēparātim (comparative sēparātius, superlative sēparātissimē)

sēparātim (canonical)
sēparātius (comparative)
sēparātissimē (superlative)


sinistrorsus

→ Italian: sinistrorso

→ Spanish: sinistrorso

Composed of sinister ("left", adj.) + vorsus, versus (“toward”).


singillatim

[s̠ɪŋɡɪlˈlʲäːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]


setius

From Proto-Italic *sētos (“late”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“late, long”). Cf. sērus, with a different extension. Cognate to Old Irish sith- (“continuous”), Welsh hyd (“length”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus, “late”), Old English sīd (“broad”).

der

(with negatives) to a lesser degree, less readily


siquidem

[ˈs̠ɪkʷɪd̪ɛ̃ˑ]

Univerbation of sī (“if”) + quidem (“restricting particle”).


suaviter

la-adv

suāviter (comparative suāvius, superlative suāvissimē)

suāviter (canonical)
suāvius (comparative)
suāvissimē (superlative)

[ˈs̠u̯äːu̯ɪt̪ɛr]


tenuiter

tenuiter (comparative tenuius, superlative tenuissimē)

tenuius (comparative)
tenuissimē (superlative)


tripertito

Caesar partitis copiis cum Gaio Fabio legato et Marco Crasso quaestore celeriterque effectis pontibus adit tripertito, aedificia vicosque incendit, magno pecoris atque hominum numero potitur.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 6.6

Caesar, having divided his forces with C. Fabius, his lieutenant, and M. Crassus his questor, and having hastily constructed some bridges, enters their country in three divisions, burns their houses and villages, and gets possession of a large number of cattle and men.


turpiter

turpiter (comparative turpius, superlative turpissimē)

turpius (comparative)
turpissimē (superlative)


tutissimo

[t̪uːˈt̪ɪs̠ːɪmoː]


voluntarie

voluntāriē (comparative voluntārius, superlative voluntārissimē)

voluntāriē (canonical)
voluntārius (comparative)
voluntārissimē (superlative)


utinam

“Atque utinam rēx ipse Notō compulsus eōdem
adforet Aenēās!”
“And would that your king himself – had he been driven by the same south wind – were present: Aeneas!” – Queen Dido

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.575–576

(exclamatory) if only!, I wish that!, oh that!, would that!, would to heaven!


vicissim

[u̯ɪˈkɪs̠ːɪ̃ˑ]

29-19BC, Vergilius, Aeneis; Book VI, line 494

Sed te qui vivum casus, age, fare vicissim, attulerint.

But answer you; and in your turn relate, what brought you living still.


vicem

in vicem


alioqui

From alius + quī, as if "aliō quō modō".


tuto

tūtō (comparative tūtius, superlative tūtissimē or tūtissimō)

tūtō (canonical)
tūtius (comparative)
tūtissimē (superlative)
tūtissimō (superlative)

tūtō ab incursū

safely, securely, in safety, without danger, without risk of being harmed


iniuste

iniūstē (comparative iniūstius, superlative iniūstissimē)

iniūstē (canonical)
iniūstius (comparative)
iniūstissimē (superlative)


illuc

Leonese: allú

From Proto-Italic *e/olloike (locative), from ille + -ce and thus a parallel formation to illōc (“thither, to there”), the latter from the instrumental. Compare hūc and hōc. See also illinc.


intrinsecus

[ɪn̪ˈt̪rĩːs̠ɛkʊs̠]


numquid

Univerbation of num (“whether, if”) + quid (“something”).

univ

Numquid nam tibi molestum est, gnāte mī, si haec nunc mēcum accubat?

Numquid duās habētis patriās, an est ūna illa patria communis?

52 BCE – 51 BCE, Cicero, De legibus 2.4.15

… numquid Pompōnius istīs


peregre

From Proto-Italic *pereagro (“that is beyond the surrounding land”). By surface analysis, per + ager. The primacy of the ending and quality of its vowel is uncertain due to the general confusion between these two endings (cf. herĕ~herī̆, rūrĕ~rūrī). Although in the three examples of graphic e in (Late Latin) poetry it must be scanned as long, no Classical verse requires it and the short ĕ is testified to by Priscian. Also pointing to a short vowel is the Late Latin 3d. declension adjective pereger, of whose n.sg. the present word was evidently felt to be an adverbial use.

inh

(of movement, of location) abroad; to, from abroad

(Late Latin) (augmented by various prepositions)

abroad; to, from abroad
(augmented by various prepositions)


quousque

[kʷoˈʊs̠kʷɛ]


seorsum

Adverbial accusative of seorsus (“sundered, separate”).


tolerabiliter

la-adv

tolerābiliter (comparative tolerābilius, superlative tolerābilissimē)

tolerābiliter (canonical)
tolerābilius (comparative)
tolerābilissimē (superlative)


usquequo

usquequo piger dormīs quandō cōnsurgēs ex somnō tuō

How long wilt thou sleep, O sluggard? when wilt thou rise out of thy sleep? (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; P.C.N. 1752)


alteruter

[äɫ̪ˈt̪ɛrʊt̪ɛr]


extrinsecus

[ɛkˈs̠t̪rĩːs̠ɛkʊs̠]


utiliter

ūtiliter (comparative ūtilius, superlative ūtilissimē)

ūtiliter (canonical)
ūtilius (comparative)
ūtilissimē (superlative)


immo

Sardinian: emmo

May be for *ipsimō, from ipse. Otherwise the ablative singular of īmus with unexpected geminate /mm/, or conflated therewith.
Some comparativists, including Götze & Pedersen (1934) and more recently Kimball (1999) and Kloekhorst (2008), have compared Hittite 𒅎𒈠 (im-ma, “truly, really, indeed”) and Luwian 𒅎𒈠 (im-ma), hieroglyphic [script needed] (ima, “indeed”). The details of this connection are unclear at best, but if valid it would point to common inheritance from Proto-Indo-European. E.g., Kimball suggests to reconstruct *im-moh₂, comparing the second element with Ancient Greek μᾰ́ (má). A major problem with this etymology is that the preservation of the geminate /mm/ all the way from PIE to Classical Latin is an unknown phenomenon.

cog

(affirmative) aye, yes of course, certainly, indeed, instead

(negative) to the contrary, in no way, by no means

vīvit? immō in senātum venit;

Is he alive? Yes, and what is more he is coming into the Senate!


festinanter

la-adv

festīnanter (comparative festīnantius, superlative festīnantissimē)

festīnanter (canonical)
festīnantius (comparative)
festīnantissimē (superlative)


affluenter

affluenter (comparative affluentius, superlative affluentissimē)

affluentius (comparative)
affluentissimē (superlative)


quapropter

PHILEMATUS. Quāpropter? SCAPHA. Quia ēcastor mulier rēctē olet, ubi nihil olet.

c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Mostellaria 273, (meter: trochaic septenarius)

SIMO. […] quem ego crēdō manibus pedibusque obnīxē omnia
factūrum, magis id adeō mihi ut incommodet

166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 161-163, (meter: iambic senarius)

quam ut obsequātur gnātō. SOSIA. Quāpropter? SIMO. Rogās?

Quāpropter neque nātālī prīvāta vidētur

c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 3.371–372, (meter: dactylic hexameter)

esse diē nātūra animae nec fūneris expers.


velociter

vēlōciter (comparative vēlōcius, superlative vēlōcissimē)

vēlōciter (canonical)
vēlōcius (comparative)
vēlōcissimē (superlative)

[u̯eːˈɫ̪oːkɪt̪ɛr]


velocius

[u̯eːˈɫ̪oːkiʊs̠]


quotienscumque

[kʷɔt̪iẽːˈs̠kʊŋkʷɛ]


confidenter

cōnfīdenter (comparative cōnfīdentius, superlative cōnfīdentissimē)

cōnfīdenter (canonical)
cōnfīdentius (comparative)
cōnfīdentissimē (superlative)


easdem

From the accusative feminine plural form of īdem (“the same”).


adversum

against, in the way, towards (see obviam)


perperam

Adverbial accusative of feminine perperus (“wrong”).


viriliter

virīliter (comparative virīlius, superlative virīlissimē)

virīliter (canonical)
virīlius (comparative)
virīlissimē (superlative)


proculdubio

Scio te bona esse voce: proculdubio illum obrues, si tympana, bombardas, tubas & tintinnabula oris tui afferas.

1708, The Works of Mr. Abraham Cowley, volume 3, parts 2 (8th edition) and 3, page 169

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

[...] quae tamen quibusdam ardelionibus acceptissima proculdubio fuerit.

1819, “The Works of Francis Bacon, Baron of Verulam, Viscount of St. Alban, and Lord High Chancellor of England”, in De Augmentis Scientiarum, volume 7, page 297:

cum dicitur quia caro concupiscit aduersus spiritum spiritus autem aduersus carnem, media proculdubio ponitur anima quae uel desideriis spiritus acquiescat uel ad carnis concupiscentias inclinetur?

1901, The Journal of Theological Studies, volume 2, page 274:


funditus

From fundus (“bottom, ground, foundation”) + -tus.


simitu

From Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, together”). Cognate with semel.


sensim

[ˈs̠ẽːs̠ɪ̃ˑ]

From sentiō (“discern, perceive”) + -tim.


tamdiu

Old French: tandis que

⇒ Old French: tant dis que (reanalysed as tantōs diēs)

Middle French: tant dis, tanz dis, tandis + que or con, com, comme

French: tandis que, tandis

Old Occitan: tandius...quandius


certatim

From certō (“contend, strive”) + -tim (“adverbial marker”).


illinc

Old Catalan: allen

Catalan: allèn

Old Galician-Portuguese: [Term?]

Galician: alén

Portuguese: além

Old Spanish: allén

⇒ Spanish: allende

From Old Latin *illince, from illim + -ce. Compare illūc.


divisim

English: divisim

[d̪iːˈu̯iːs̠ɪ̃ˑ]

From dīvidō (“I divide, separate”) + -tim.


parumper

Univerbation of parum (“a little”) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.

univerbation

briefly, for a short while, for a moment


extemplo

[ɛkˈs̠t̪ɛmpɫ̪oː]

From archaic extempulo, via syncope, from ex- + *tempulum, the latter from tempus (“time”) + -ulus (diminutive ending). Compare the expression ex tempore.


forinsecus

→ English: forinsecal


iuge

iūge (canonical)
Synonym of iūgiter (canonical)

From the neuter accusative case form of iūgis.

Adiacebat quadratum saxum ut marmor niueum, granditate uires uincens quattuor uirorum duritie basium et columnarum que lacesseret ferrum, egressure uirgini ita accomodum, ut diuinitus credatur ibi preparatum. In hoc itaque infinita Domini benignitas indelebile dare dignata est indicium, quam gratiosum in electa sibi uirgine habuerit affectum, ut omni posteritati perpetuo [23r] sit in salutem et exemplum ipsius meritorum. Nam ubi a naui descendentis domine uestigia subiectus excepit, ita ea sibi quasi recenti niui aut luto infixa subito ostendit, ipsiusque comites et affluentes ad tam insigne miraculum populos obstupefecit. Nec solum eternaliter durat hoc signum uirginea planta informatum, uerum etiam uariis languoribus iuge operatur remedium pro fide credentium.

11th century CE, Goscelin of Canterbury, Vita Mildrethae

A square stone, snow-white like marble, lay nearby, which, defeating by its size the strength of four men [and] challenging iron with the hardness of its plinths and columns, was so convenient for the virgin [who was] about to land, that it might be believed to have been prepared in that place by divine providence. Consequently on this the infinite kindness of the Lord saw it fit to give an indelible sign [of] how much gracious affection he had for the virgin he had chosen for himself, so that it might forever be to the benefit of every future generation and [serve] as an example of her merits. For when the underlying [stone] received the footsteps of the lady descending from the ship, so it revealed at once those [footsteps] imprinted upon itself, as if in fresh snow or clay and it astonished her companions and the crowds flocking to such a remarkable miracle. Not only does this sign moulded by the sole of the virgin’s foot last forever, but it also is continually effective as a cure for several illnesses on account of the faith of those who believe.

constantly, continually, continuously, perpetually

Nec mora, corripitur pervasor a febre, decumbit lectulo, exhorret cibum, fastidit et potum, profert aestuans iuge suspirium.

587 CE, Gregory of Tours, Liber in gloria martyrum, 70

Immediately the man who had invaded [the church property] was struck with a fever. He lay on his bed, refused food and drink, and in his fever, writhing, brought forth a gasping pant incessantly.

ceaselessly, incessantly, unceasingly, uninterruptedly, unfailingly; all the time, always, ever, evermore

Audite cuncti, clamo longe ac praedico, / emitto uocem de catasta celsior: / Christus paternae gloriae splendor, deus, / rerum creator, noster idem particeps / spondet salutem perpetem credentibus, // animae salutem, sola quae non occidit, / sed iuge durans dispares casus subit: / aut luce fulget aut tenebris mergitur, / Christum secuta patris intrat gloriam, / disiuncta Christo mancipatur tartaro.

late 4th century CE, Aurelius Prudentius Clemens, Liber Peristephanon Carmen X: Sancti Romani Martyris Contra Gentiles Dicta. (Prudentius' "Crowns of Martyrdom", Hymn 10: The Declarations of St. Romanus the Martyr Against the Pagans, Lines 466-475)

Hear ye all! I cry afar and proclaim, / I send forth my voice from the rack which raises me above you: / Christ the brightness of the Father's glory, which is God, / creator of the world, and partaker with us also, / promises eternal salvation to those who believe, // the salvation of the soul, which alone does not perish, / but eternally enduring (or, enduring forever), undergoes differing misfortunes: / it either shines with light or is sunk in darkness, / if it has followed Christ it enters into the Father's glory, / but if it has separated itself from Christ it is transferred unto hell.

endlessly, eternally, everlastingly, forever, forevermore, (in a specific sense) everflowingly


magnifice

la-adv

magnificē (comparative magnificius, superlative magnificissimē)

magnificē (canonical)
magnificius (comparative)
magnificissimē (superlative)


neglegenter

neglegenter (comparative neglegentius, superlative neglegentissimē)

neglegentius (comparative)
neglegentissimē (superlative)


consignate

cōnsignātē (comparative cōnsignātius, superlative cōnsignātissimē)

cōnsignātē (canonical)
cōnsignātius (comparative)
cōnsignātissimē (superlative)


adfluenter

adfluenter (comparative adfluentius, superlative adfluentissimē)

adfluentius (comparative)
adfluentissimē (superlative)


adroganter

adroganter (comparative adrogantius, superlative adrogantissimē)

adrogantius (comparative)
adrogantissimē (superlative)


adseveranter

adsevēranter (comparative adsevērantius, superlative adsevērantissimē)

adsevēranter (canonical)
adsevērantius (comparative)
adsevērantissimē (superlative)


asseveranter

assevēranter (comparative assevērantius, superlative assevērantissimē)

assevēranter (canonical)
assevērantius (comparative)
assevērantissimē (superlative)


adsidue

adsiduē (comparative adsiduius, superlative adsiduissimē)

adsiduē (canonical)
adsiduius (comparative)
adsiduissimē (superlative)


ardenter

ārdenter (comparative ārdentius, superlative ārdentissimē)

ārdenter (canonical)
ārdentius (comparative)
ārdentissimē (superlative)


amanter

amanter (comparative amantius, superlative amantissimē)

amantius (comparative)
amantissimē (superlative)


aspere

asperē (comparative asperius, superlative asperrimē)

asperē (canonical)
asperius (comparative)
asperrimē (superlative)

roughly, harshly, severely, coarsely; vehemently


articulatim

(figuratively, of discourse) clearly, distinctly, point by point


appetenter

[äpːɛˈt̪ɛn̪t̪ɛr]

From appetēns (“striving for, desiring”) + -ter.


astricte

la-adv

astrictē (comparative astrictius, superlative astrictissimē)

astrictē (canonical)
astrictius (comparative)
astrictissimē (superlative)


audenter

audenter (comparative audentius, superlative audentissimē)

audentius (comparative)
audentissimē (superlative)


aliquantisper

Univerbation of aliquantīs (“of some length or another”, abl. pl.) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.

univerbation

Nonius: Nam si illi, postquam rem paternam amiserant, egestate aliquantisper iactati forent...

~170 BCE, Caecilius Statius, Fallacia 511, 27

Nonius: For if they were to be flung about for a while by want after they had squandered their heritage...

for a moderate period of time; for a while, for a time, for some time


actutum

Either from an adverbial accusative form of an unattested adjective *āctūtus from āctus + -tus, or a univerbation of āctū + tum (“at the time, at that time, then”).


castellatim

From castellum (“castle, fortress”) + -ātim.

in different fortresses; scattered about, in clusters


cottidie

Galician:

⇒ decote

⇒ cotío (adjective) ⇒ acotío, decotío

Portuguese: cotio ⇒ a cotio


carptim

[ˈkärpt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

by pieces, in parts, piecemeal, separately

at different places or points, on different sides

at different times, from time to time, now and then


antehac

[än̪ˈt̪ʰäːk]

before now, formerly, previously, in the past


affatim

[ˈäfːät̪ɪ̃ˑ]

Univerbation of *ad fatim ("to weariness", "ad nauseam"). Connected with fatīscō, fatīgō, fessus.

incessantly, urgently, to satiety or fatigue


cautim

[ˈkäu̯t̪ɪ̃ˑ]


cursim

From currō (“run, haste”) + -tim (adverb forming suffix).


actuose

in a lively manner, with activity, lively, energetically


convenienter

la-adv

convenienter (comparative convenientius, superlative convenientissimē)

convenientius (comparative)
convenientissimē (superlative)

suitably, fitly, comfortably, consistently; conveniently


exsultim

[ɛkˈs̠ʊɫ̪t̪ɪ̃ˑ]


eatenus

[eˈäːt̪ɛnʊs̠]

ac primo eatenus interueniebat, ne quid perperam fieret.

at first he went (only) so far as to hinder ill management

(depletura) proximum enim locum primo exhaurit; ex ulterioribus autem eatenus sanguis sequitur, quatenus emittitur

(blood-letting) extracts blood first from the nearest place and thereupon blood from more distant parts follows so long as the letting out of blood is continued


alicunde

somewhence, from somewhere, from any place


asperissime

(proscribed) superlative degree of asperē


generatim

Generatimque distributi in civitates

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.19

and being distributed in tribes according to their respective states

by kinds, species, tribes, classes or divisions


aliorsum

French: ailleurs

Old Occitan:

Occitan: alhors

→ Galician: allures

⇒ Galician: algures

→ Portuguese: alhures

[älʲiˈoːrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *aljoworssom. adverbial accusative from alius + versus.

to another place, in another direction, elsewhere


congruenter

congruenter (comparative congruentius, superlative congruentissimē)

congruentius (comparative)
congruentissimē (superlative)


correpte

(usually of a vowel or syllable) shortly, briefly


concinne

concinnē (comparative concinnius, superlative concinnissimē)

concinnē (canonical)
concinnius (comparative)
concinnissimē (superlative)


horsum

Contraction of hoc (“this”) + vorsum (“toward”).


dudum

[ˈd̪uːd̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *dūdom, from base *dū, of unclear origin. De Vaan suggests it is related to dūrus, from PIE *dweh₂- (“far, long”), and therefore cognate with Ancient Greek δήν (dḗn, “for a long time, long ago”) and Proto-Slavic *davě (“long ago”) (whence *davьnъ (“ancient”)). Per Lewis and Short, from diū + dum.

cog

a short time ago, a little while ago, not long since


caesim

[ˈkäe̯s̠ɪ̃ˑ]

[ˈt͡ʃɛːs̬im]


dolenter

la-adv

dolenter (comparative dolentius, superlative dolentissimē)

dolentius (comparative)
dolentissimē (superlative)


dubitanter

dubitanter (comparative dubitantius, superlative dubitantissimē)

dubitantius (comparative)
dubitantissimē (superlative)


disiuncte

disiūnctē (comparative disiūnctius, superlative disiūnctissimē)

disiūnctē (canonical)
disiūnctius (comparative)
disiūnctissimē (superlative)


dextrorsus

→ Italian: destrorso

Composed of dexter ("right", adj.) + vorsus, versus (“toward”).


enodate

ēnōdātē (comparative ēnōdātius, superlative ēnōdātissimē)

ēnōdātē (canonical)
ēnōdātius (comparative)
ēnōdātissimē (superlative)


efficaciter

efficāciter (comparative efficācius, superlative efficācissimē)

efficāciter (canonical)
efficācius (comparative)
efficācissimē (superlative)

efficāx (“efficacious, effectual, powerful, efficient”) + -ter


fidenter

la-adv

fīdenter (comparative fīdentius, superlative fīdentissimē)

fīdenter (canonical)
fīdentius (comparative)
fīdentissimē (superlative)


enixe

ēnīxē (comparative ēnīxius, superlative ēnīxissimē)

ēnīxē (canonical)
ēnīxius (comparative)
ēnīxissimē (superlative)

strenuously, earnestly, zealously, assiduously


flagitiose

flāgitiōsē (comparative flāgitiōsius, superlative flāgitiōsissimē)

flāgitiōsē (canonical)
flāgitiōsius (comparative)
flāgitiōsissimē (superlative)

shamefully, basely, infamously, outrageously


evidenter

ēvidenter (comparative ēvidentius, superlative ēvidentissimē)

ēvidenter (canonical)
ēvidentius (comparative)
ēvidentissimē (superlative)


furialiter

like a Fury; furiously, madly, franticly


excellenter

excellenter (comparative excellentius, superlative excellentissimē)

excellentius (comparative)
excellentissimē (superlative)


generaliter

From generālis (“general”) + -ter (suffix forming adverbs from adjectives).


effrenate

la-adv

effrēnātē (comparative effrēnātius, superlative effrēnātissimē)

effrēnātē (canonical)
effrēnātius (comparative)
effrēnātissimē (superlative)


ferociter

ferōciter (comparative ferōcius, superlative ferōcissimē)

ferōciter (canonical)
ferōcius (comparative)
ferōcissimē (superlative)

bravely, courageously, valorously, boldly


flagranter

flagranter (comparative flagrantius, superlative flagrantissimē)

flagrantius (comparative)
flagrantissimē (superlative)

[fɫ̪äˈɡrän̪t̪ɛr]

ardently, vehemently, eagerly, passionately


quamobrem

[kʷä̃ˑ ˈɔbrɛ̃ˑ]

(interrogative) why?, "For what reason?", "On what account?"

(first word in sentence) for this reason; therefore


memoriter

memor (“mindful, that has a good memory”) + -ter.


prorsus

For *provorsus, from prō + versus, vorsus (“towards”).

certainly, truly, precisely, utterly, absolutely


fiducialiter

la-adv

fīdūciāliter (comparative fīdūciālius, superlative fīdūciālissimē)

fīdūciāliter (canonical)
fīdūciālius (comparative)
fīdūciālissimē (superlative)


totiens

“‘Occiderit ferrō Priamus? Troiā ārserit ignī?

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.581–582

“‘[After] Priam has fallen by the sword? With Troy consumed by fire? The Dardan shore having sweated blood so many times?’”
(An expression of surprise or indignation posed as questions using three future perfect verbs: occiderit, arserit, sudarit. Here, “totiens” refers to the bloodshed throughout the Trojan War.)

Dardanium totiēns sūdārit sanguine lītus?’”


fraudulenter

fraudulenter (comparative fraudulentius, superlative fraudulentissimē)

fraudulentius (comparative)
fraudulentissimē (superlative)

[fräu̯d̪ʊˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪ɛr]

From fraudulentus (“fraudulent”) + -ter (“adverbial ending”).


prudenter

la-adv

prūdenter (comparative prūdentius, superlative prūdentissimē)

prūdenter (canonical)
prūdentius (comparative)
prūdentissimē (superlative)


quolibet

→ French: quolibet
→ Romanian: quolibet

In quolibet barbariae angulo colloceris...

In whatever corner of the barbarian world you would be...(Seneca)

whithersoever (to wherever it pleases; in whatever place)


altrinsecus

[äɫ̪ˈt̪rĩːs̠ɛkʊs̠]


audaciter

audāciter (comparative audācius, superlative audācissimē)

audāciter (canonical)
audācius (comparative)
audācissimē (superlative)


cuiusmodi

[kʊi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠mɔd̪iː]


vitiose

vitiōsē (comparative vitiōsius, superlative vitiōsissimē)

vitiōsē (canonical)
vitiōsius (comparative)
vitiōsissimē (superlative)


inpune

inpūnē (comparative inpūnius, superlative inpūnissimē)

inpūnē (canonical)
inpūnius (comparative)
inpūnissimē (superlative)


latenter

latenter (comparative latentius, superlative latentissimē)

latentius (comparative)
latentissimē (superlative)


latentius

[ɫ̪äˈt̪ɛn̪t̪iʊs̠]

comparative degree of latenter (“secretly, privately”)


latentissime

[ɫ̪ät̪ɛn̪ˈt̪ɪs̠ːɪmɛ]

[ɫ̪ät̪ɛn̪ˈt̪ɪs̠ːɪmeː]

superlative degree of latenter (“secretly, privately”)


mirabiliter

mīrābiliter (comparative mīrābilius, superlative mīrābilissimē)

mīrābiliter (canonical)
mīrābilius (comparative)
mīrābilissimē (superlative)

wonderfully, marvellously, extraordinarily, admirably


minutatim

From minūtum (“small, minute, dimished”) + -ātim. Compare Pre- and Post-Classical Latin minūtim.


noctu

From nox (“night”), by analogy with diū (“during the day”).

From a line of Ennius.
Fūrtim noctū.
By night stealthily.


perendie

From Proto-Italic *pernos (“past, last”), from Proto-Indo-European *per-, + Latin diēs (“day”).


potenter

la-adv

potenter (comparative potentius, superlative potentissimē)

potentius (comparative)
potentissimē (superlative)


quinimmo

quīnimmo (canonical)
quīnimo (canonical)


quoquam

[ˈkʷoːkʷä̃ˑ]

(chiefly in the negative) whithersoever (to any place)

(chiefly in the negative) in any direction, to anywhere


sicine

(in emotionally charged questions) (is it) really so?, (is it) truly thus?


utpote

From ut and some form of potis. See also -pte.


utro

From uter (“whether?”). Compare quō (“whither?”).

(interrogative) to whether place? to whether side?


violenter

violenter (comparative violentius, superlative violentissimē)

violentius (comparative)
violentissimē (superlative)


c.t.

(German universities, proscribed) cum tempore (with time, indicating that an event will begin later than scheduled)


propere

From properus (“hasty”) + -ē (adverbial ending).


consonanter

la-adv

cōnsonanter (comparative cōnsonantius, superlative cōnsonantissimē)

cōnsonanter (canonical)
cōnsonantius (comparative)
cōnsonantissimē (superlative)


idipsum

Romanian: adins

Spanish: adieso


incunctanter

[ɪŋkuːŋkˈt̪än̪t̪ɛr]


peculiariter

privately, personally, peculiarly, particularly


perinde

in the same manner, as, just as, quite as, equally


reapse

Univerbation of rē + eāpse, older form of ipsā, later perhaps interpreted as ab sē. Eventually replaced/renewed by rē ipsā.

Idem istuc ipsa, etsī tū taceās, reāpse experta intellegō.

You don't need to tell me, I know that by my own personal experience.

Obiciuntur etiam saepe fōrmae, quae reāpse nūllae sunt, speciem autem offerunt.

Apparitions often present themselves, and though they have no real substance, they seem to have it.

(archaic) in reality, in actual fact, in practice (as opposed to in imagination)


salubriter

salūbriter (comparative salūbrius, superlative salūbrissimē)

salūbriter (canonical)
salūbrius (comparative)
salūbrissimē (superlative)


summatim

⇒ Galician: asomade, asemade (ad + summatim)


aliquatenus

[älʲɪˈkʷäːt̪ɛnʊs̠]


aliquantulum

Adverbial accusative of aliquantulus (“a little of”).


fabulose

la-adv

fābulōsē (comparative fābulōsius, superlative fābulōsissimē)

fābulōsē (canonical)
fābulōsius (comparative)
fābulōsissimē (superlative)

[fäːbʊˈɫ̪oːs̠eː]


foeliciter

foēlīciter (comparative foēlīcius, superlative foēlīcissimē)

foēlīciter (canonical)
foēlīcius (comparative)
foēlīcissimē (superlative)


haeretice

haereticē (comparative haereticius, superlative haereticissimē)

haereticē (canonical)
haereticius (comparative)
haereticissimē (superlative)

haeretic(us) + -ē (suffix forming adverbs)

(Ecclesiastical Latin) with heretical opinions, heretically


illibenter

[ɪlːʲɪˈbɛn̪t̪ɛr]

in- (“un-”) + libenter (“willingly, gladly”).


inaequaliter

la-adv

inaequāliter (comparative inaequālius, superlative inaequālissimē)

inaequāliter (canonical)
inaequālius (comparative)
inaequālissimē (superlative)


infeliciter

īnfēlīciter (comparative īnfēlīcius, superlative īnfēlīcissimē)

īnfēlīciter (canonical)
īnfēlīcius (comparative)
īnfēlīcissimē (superlative)


imo

c. 405, Saint Jerome, Epistola 106

Quis hoc crederet, ut barbara Getarum lingua Hebraicam quaereret veritatem; et dormitantibus, imo contendentibus Graecis, ipsa Germania Spiritus Sancti eloquia scrutaretur!


insigniter

From īnsignis (“exceptional, extraordinary, marked”) + -ter.

af

markedly, remarkably, prominently, extraordinarily


insimul

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: inseme

Italian: insieme ( < Vulgar Latin: *īnsemel)

Sicilian: nzemi

Sicilian: nzèmula (Vulgar Latin: *īnsimul ac)

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Old Lombard: ensenbre

Lombard: nsem, ensem, ensema

Piedmontese: nsem, ansem, nsema, ansema

Venetan: insembre

→? Istriot: insembro

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: ensemble
French: ensemble
→ Dutch: ensemble
→ English: ensemble
→ German: Ensemble
→ Norwegian: ensemble
→ Portuguese: ensemble
→ Spanish: ensemble
→ Swedish: ensemble
Norman: ensemblle (Guernsey), ensembl'ye (Jersey)
→ Galician: ensembra (archaic)

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: ensems

Occitan: ensem, ensèm, ensems, ensemble

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: ensemble

[ˈĩːs̠ɪmʊɫ̪]


inutiliter

la-adv

inūtiliter (comparative inūtilius, superlative inūtilissimē)

inūtiliter (canonical)
inūtilius (comparative)
inūtilissimē (superlative)


itidem

[ˈɪt̪ɪd̪ɛ̃ˑ]

Itidem illae mulierēs sunt fermē ut puerī levī sententiā.

165 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Hecyra 3.1.32

Likewise those women are of changing mind, much like children.


neutiquam

[neˈʊt̪ɪkʷä̃ˑ]

by no means, in nowise; not altogether, not exactly, not quite


nullibi

→ English: nullibicity, nullibiety

→ English: nullibist

From nūllus (“none, no, not any”) + ibī (“there”).


nullatenus

[nʊlˈlʲäːt̪ɛnʊs̠]

From nūllus (“none”) + tenus (“up to, as far as”).


ordinatim

[oːrd̪ɪˈnäːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]


praepropere

la-adv

praeproperē (comparative praeproperius, superlative praeproperissimē)

praeproperē (canonical)
praeproperius (comparative)
praeproperissimē (superlative)

Derived from praeproperus (“overhasty, sudden”) + -ē (“adverb suffix”)


probabiliter

la-adv

probābiliter (comparative probābilius, superlative probābilissimē)

probābiliter (canonical)
probābilius (comparative)
probābilissimē (superlative)


pueriliter

puerīliter (comparative puerīlius, superlative puerīlissimē)

puerīliter (canonical)
puerīlius (comparative)
puerīlissimē (superlative)

From puerīlis (“boyish, childish”) + -ter.


quantopere

Syncope of quantō opere (literally “to how great an extent”).


scholastice

scholasticē (comparative scholasticius, superlative scholasticissimē)

scholasticē (canonical)
scholasticius (comparative)
scholasticissimē (superlative)

[s̠kʰɔˈɫ̪äs̠t̪ɪkeː]

From scholasticus (“scholastic, scholarly”) + -ē.


sparsim

From spargō (“scatter, strew, sprinkle”) + -tim.


speciatim

From speci(ēs) (“view, sight, appearance”) + -ātim.


strictim

[ˈs̠t̪rɪkt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From stringō (“draw tight together; touch lightly, graze”) + -tim.


subinde

Padanian:

Piedmontese: soens, svens, sovens

Romansch: savens

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: sovent

Old French: sovent, suvent

French: souvent

→ Italian: sovente

Walloon: sovint

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: sovent

Catalan: sovint, sovent

Gascon: soent, soenh

Occitan: sovent


subtiliter

la-adv

subtīliter (comparative subtīlius, superlative subtīlissimē)

subtīliter (canonical)
subtīlius (comparative)
subtīlissimē (superlative)


tropice

From tropicus (“relating to tropes; figurative”) + -ē (adverb suffix).


usquam

Probably from ut + quam, with intermediate Proto-Italic *utVs (“so that, as”) plus indefinitizing quam. Compare uspiam.


cujusmodi

[kʊi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠mɔd̪iː]


sensibiliter

[s̠ẽːs̠ɪˈbɪlʲɪt̪ɛr]

From sēnsibilis (“perceptible, sensible”) + -ter.


quovis

Either from quīvīs or formed from quō (“whither”, adverb) + vīs (“thou wantest or wishest”, verb).

compound

to anywhere whatsoever, anywhither, whithersoever


segniter

la-adv

sēgniter (comparative sēgnius, superlative sēgnissimē)

sēgniter (canonical)
sēgnius (comparative)
sēgnissimē (superlative)

[ˈs̠eːŋnɪt̪ɛr]

sēgnis (“slow, tardy, torpid, inactive, unenergetic, lazy”) + -ter


perquam

as much as possible, extremely, exceedingly


quorsum

Univerbation of quō + vorsum (archaic form of versum, versus).


vivaciter

la-adv

vīvāciter (comparative vīvācius, superlative vīvācissimē)

vīvāciter (canonical)
vīvācius (comparative)
vīvācissimē (superlative)

Catalan: aviat

(Old) Italian: avaccio

[u̯iːˈu̯äːkɪt̪ɛr]

From ablative of vīvāx (“vivacious, lively”) + -ter.


vulgariter

vulgāriter (comparative vulgārius, superlative vulgārissimē)

vulgāriter (canonical)
vulgārius (comparative)
vulgārissimē (superlative)

[u̯ʊɫ̪ˈɡäːrɪt̪ɛr]

commonly, vulgarly, after the ordinary manner


cunctanter

cūnctanter (comparative cūnctantius, superlative cūnctantissimē)

cūnctanter (canonical)
cūnctantius (comparative)
cūnctantissimē (superlative)


notabiliter

notably, remarkably, extraordinarily, memorably


mordicus

pullam dēvellere mordicus agnam

tear a black ewe-lamb to pieces with the teeth

Ita cum ea volunt retinere, quae superiori sententiae conveniunt, in Aristonem incidunt; cum id fugiunt, re eadem defendunt, quae Peripatetici, verba tenent mordicus.

45 BCE, Cicero, De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, volume 1, section 28.78:

So, when they want to keep those things that fit with the previous statement, they agree with Aristo; when they avoid that, they defend themselves the same way as the Peripatetics, they maintain their words tenaciously.


perseveranter

persevēranter (comparative persevērantius, superlative persevērantissimē)

persevēranter (canonical)
persevērantius (comparative)
persevērantissimē (superlative)


quaterdecies

From quattuordecim + -iēs, with the first part modified based on quater (“four times”).


regionatim

From regio, region- (“region”) + -ātim.
Derived from region-, the stem of regio.


tricies

From an earlier form of trīgintā (“thirty”) + -iēs. Compare Ancient Greek τριάκοντα (triákonta) and Sanskrit त्रिंशत् (triṃśát), from Proto-Indo-European *tri(d)ḱomt (“thirty”).


vicatim

[u̯iːˈkäːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From vīcus (“village, street”) + -ātim (adverb forming suffix).


vixdum

[ˈu̯ɪks̠d̪ʊ̃ˑ]


adhoc

Univerbation of ad + hōc, a variant of hūc (“to this place, hither”). Compare illōc/illūc.


iamdudum

[i̯än̪ˈd̪uːd̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From iam (“earlier, before”) + dūdum (“recently; formerly”).


imprudenter

la-adv

imprūdenter (comparative imprūdentius, superlative imprūdentissimē)

imprūdenter (canonical)
imprūdentius (comparative)
imprūdentissimē (superlative)


indiligenter

indīligenter (comparative indīligentius, superlative indīligentissimē)

indīligenter (canonical)
indīligentius (comparative)
indīligentissimē (superlative)


infacete

īnfacētē (comparative īnfacētius, superlative īnfacētissimē)

īnfacētē (canonical)
īnfacētius (comparative)
īnfacētissimē (superlative)


ingratiis

[ɪŋˈɡräːt̪iːs̠]

[iŋˈɡrät̪ː͡s̪iːs]


inhumaniter

inhūmāniter (comparative inhūmānius, superlative inhūmānissimē)

inhūmāniter (canonical)
inhūmānius (comparative)
inhūmānissimē (superlative)


jucunde

jūcundē (comparative jūcundius, superlative jūcundissimē)

jūcundē (canonical)
jūcundius (comparative)
jūcundissimē (superlative)


pedetemptim

pedetemptim (comparative pedetemptius, superlative pedetemptissimē)

pedetemptius (comparative)
pedetemptissimē (superlative)

[pɛd̪ɛˈt̪ɛmpt̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From pes (“foot”) + tendō (“stretch out, extend”) + -tim.

af

3rd–2nd century BCE, Cato the Elder

I myself was cautiously attempting this path.


populariter

popularly, populistically (in a populist manner)


quadringenties

[ˈd̪ɛkɪmʊs̠]


sententiose

la-adv

sententiōsē (comparative sententiōsius, superlative sententiōsissimē)

sententiōsē (canonical)
sententiōsius (comparative)
sententiōsissimē (superlative)

[s̠ɛn̪t̪ɛn̪t̪iˈoːs̠eː]


tantisper

Univerbation of tantīs (“of such length, this much”, abl. pl.) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.


triciens

From an earlier form of trīgintā (“thirty”) + -iēns. Compare Ancient Greek τριάκοντα (triákonta) and Sanskrit त्रिंशत् (triṃśát), from Proto-Indo-European *tri(d)ḱomt (“thirty”).


incomposite

[ɪŋkɔmˈpɔs̠ɪt̪eː]


viciens

From an earlier form of vīgintī (“twenty”) + -iēns. Compare Sanskrit विंति (viṃśatí), Ancient Greek εἴκοσι (eíkosi) from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wi-(h₁)-ḱm̥t-ih₁.


examussim

la-adv

examussim (comparative examussius, superlative examussissimē)

examussius (comparative)
examussissimē (superlative)

[ɛks̠äˈmʊs̠ːɪ̃ˑ]

Sos. Ne ista edepol, si haec vera loquitur, examussim est optima.

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 2.2

Sosia. Surely she, by Pollux, if this woman speaks truthful things, is exactly perfect.

Utque fallaciae reliqua convenirent, ceram in modum prosectarum formatam aurium ei adplicant examussim nasoque ipsius similem comparant.

c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, Metamorphoses 2.30

And so that their deceits might agree with the rest, they apply to him wax formed exactly in the manner of cut-off ears, and prepare a nose similar to his own.

1723, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, De Structura Diaphragmatis (On the Structure of the Diaphragm), Philosophical transactions, The Royal Society, v. 32, no. 379, p. 404

So that, however, of all those things which I have presently related, I might have an optical witness, I passed to my Surgeon the very microscope to which I had applied the stated particles of the Diaphragm, who replied that my statements exactly agreed with the things he was seeing.

Ut autem eorum omnium quae modo narravi, testem haberem ocularem; microscopium istud, cui dictas Diaphragmatis particulas applicaveram, Chirurgo meo tradidi; qui dicta mea cum iis quae videbat, examussim convenire respondit.

according to the carpenter's rule, exactly, precisely, perfectly


vigilanter

vigilanter (comparative vigilantius, superlative vigilantissimē)

vigilantius (comparative)
vigilantissimē (superlative)


ducenties

quid esse nostrō fortius potest Paetō?
ducentiēns (tantum damnī) accēpit et tamen vīvit.

86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 5.37.23-24


promisce

prōmiscē (comparative prōmiscius, superlative prōmiscissimē)

prōmiscē (canonical)
prōmiscius (comparative)
prōmiscissimē (superlative)

all at the same time or in the same place


diffidenter

diffīdenter (comparative diffīdentius, superlative diffīdentissimē)

diffīdenter (canonical)
diffīdentius (comparative)
diffīdentissimē (superlative)


tributim

[t̪rɪˈbuːt̪ɪ̃ˑ]


inconstanter

incōnstanter (comparative incōnstantius, superlative incōnstantissimē)

incōnstanter (canonical)
incōnstantius (comparative)
incōnstantissimē (superlative)


fallaciter

fallāciter (comparative fallācius, superlative fallācissimē)

fallāciter (canonical)
fallācius (comparative)
fallācissimē (superlative)


frugaliter

frūgāliter (comparative frūgālius, superlative frūgālissimē)

frūgāliter (canonical)
frūgālius (comparative)
frūgālissimē (superlative)


perbreviter

very briefly, concisely, with very few words


aliquandiu

Vergebat autem inferius deorsum radiolus septimus, quasi radix aliqua, in quam cadentes incumbebant, eaque sustinebantur sublimes aliquandiu.

1611, Johannes Kepler, Strena seu de nive sexangula 21

Underneath, however, a seventh small spoke was sloping down, to some extent like a root, upon which, falling, they were lying, and they were being held up high by it for some time.


orthogonaliter

Illic diametri quidem duo oppositorum contactuum sese secant orthogonaliter, reliqui quattuor non item: hic omnes tres diametri sese secant aequaliter et orthogonaliter.

1611, Johannes Kepler, Strena seu de nive sexangula 16

There indeed two diameters of opposite contacts cut each other at right angles, the remaining four do not do the same: here all three diameters cut each other equally and orthogonally.


utrinque

[ʊˈt̪rɪŋkʷɛ]

Nam si errantes in eodem plano horizontali globulos aequales coegeris in angustum, ut se mutuo contingant; aut triangulari forma coeunt, aut quadrangulari; ibi sex unum circumstant, hic quatuor; utrinque eadem est ratio contactus per omnes globulos, demtis extremis.

1611, Johannes Kepler, Strena seu de nive sexangula 1

If you drive tightly together equal globules in the same horizontal plane, so that they touch each other, they come together either in a triangular or quadrangular shape: there six surround one, here four; on every side there is the same pattern of contact between all the globules, except the outermost.

Phonetic spelling of utrimque reflecting assimilation.


putide

pūtidē (comparative pūtidius, superlative pūtidissimē)

pūtidē (canonical)
pūtidius (comparative)
pūtidissimē (superlative)

English: putide Shavius

pūtidus (“offensive”, “disagreeable”, “disgusting”; “affected”, “stilted”, adjective) + -ē (“-ly”, suffix forming adverbs)

suffix

(of language composed or uttered) with affectation, affectedly, pedantically


voluptarie

[u̯ɔɫ̪ʊpˈt̪äːrieː]


intemperanter

la-adv

intemperanter (comparative intemperantius, superlative intemperantissimē)

intemperantius (comparative)
intemperantissimē (superlative)


minaciter

mināciter (comparative minācius, superlative minācissimē)

mināciter (canonical)
minācius (comparative)
minācissimē (superlative)


lividissime

[lʲiːu̯ɪˈd̪ɪs̠ːɪmɛ]

[lʲiːu̯ɪˈd̪ɪs̠ːɪmeː]

superlative degree of līvidē, most lividly


pulcre

pulcrē (comparative pulcrius, superlative pulcrissimē)

pulcrē (canonical)
pulcrius (comparative)
pulcrissimē (superlative)


Volsce

[ˈu̯ɔɫ̪s̠keː]


inaniter

ināniter (comparative inānius, superlative inānissimē)

ināniter (canonical)
inānius (comparative)
inānissimē (superlative)


miseriter

miseriter (comparative miserius, superlative miserissimē)

miserius (comparative)
miserissimē (superlative)

(Old Latin) wretchedly, miserably, tragically


ubertim

From ūber (“copious, full, rich”) + -tim.


domesticatim

domestic(us) (“domestic, familiar”) + -ātim


subsultim

[s̠ʊpˈs̠ʊɫ̪t̪ɪ̃ˑ]

From subsiliō (“leap upward, leap into”) + -tim.


eminenter

la-adv

ēminenter (comparative ēminentius, superlative ēminentissimē)

ēminenter (canonical)
ēminentius (comparative)
ēminentissimē (superlative)


seiunctim

From sēiungō (“separate, sever, disunite”) + -tim.


quantumlibet

[kʷän̪ˈt̪ʊmlʲɪbɛt̪]


albescente

Ellipsis of albēscente caelō/diē (ablative absolute, literally “at the sky/day(light) starting to become white”). Attested in the Peregrinatio Etheriae.


anglice

[ˈäŋɡlʲɪkeː]

[ˈäŋɡlit͡ʃe]


infrequenter

la-adv

īnfrequenter (comparative īnfrequentius, superlative īnfrequentissimē)

īnfrequenter (canonical)
īnfrequentius (comparative)
īnfrequentissimē (superlative)


exadversum

[ɛks̠äd̪ˈu̯ɛrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]


impatienter

impatienter (comparative impatientius, superlative impatientissimē)

impatientius (comparative)
impatientissimē (superlative)

in- (“un-”) + patienter (“suffering, patient”) or impatiēns (“impatient”) + -ter


Danice

[ˈd̪äːnɪkeː]

in Danish (through the medium of the Danish language)


ad retro

Italo-Romance:

Italian: a retro

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: ariere
French: arrière
→ English: arrear

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: arrera, arrere

→ Sicilian: arreri

Occitan:

Auvergnat: reire, arrèir

Gascon: arrèr

Languedocien: arrièr, arrèr

Limousin: arrier, arreir, rier, reir

Provençal: arrier

Vivaro-Alpine: arrier, arreire

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: arriedo

Asturian: arréu, arredar

Old Galician-Portuguese: arredor ⇒ arredar

Galician: arredor, arredar

Portuguese: arredo, arredar

Old Spanish: arriedro

Spanish: arredro


verisimiliter

la-adv

vērisimiliter (comparative vērisimilius, superlative vērisimilissimē)

vērisimiliter (canonical)
vērisimilius (comparative)
vērisimilissimē (superlative)


adusque

[äˈd̪ʊs̠kʷɛ]


aliuta

From alius (“other, another”) plus unattested *uta (“how”), part of utī (“how”) which itself is from much older *utai.


bacchatim

boisterously (in the manner of the Bacchae or Bacchantes)


postius

Catalan: puix

Old French: pois, puis

French: puis

Ligurian: poei


capreolatim

From capreolus (“roebuck”, referring by metonymy to the twisting shape of its horns) + -ātim.


imprope

la-adv

impropē (comparative impropius, superlative impropissimē)

impropē (canonical)
impropius (comparative)
impropissimē (superlative)


intentiose

intentiōsē (comparative intentiōsius, superlative intentiōsissimē)

intentiōsē (canonical)
intentiōsius (comparative)
intentiōsissimē (superlative)


iactanter

iactanter (comparative iactantius, superlative iactantissimē)

iactantius (comparative)
iactantissimē (superlative)


iuxtim

[ˈi̯ʊks̠t̪ɪ̃ˑ]

Derived from iuxt(ā) + -tim (adverbial derivational suffix).


iamiam

[ˈi̯ämi̯ä̃ˑ]


sub clave

[s̠ʊb ˈkɫ̪äːu̯ɛ]

Literally "under key"; from sub (“under”) + clāve, ablative form of clāvis (“key”).


ducaliter

la-adv

ducāliter (comparative ducālius, superlative ducālissimē)

ducāliter (canonical)
ducālius (comparative)
ducālissimē (superlative)

(Late Latin) in a ducal way; in a manner befitting to a commander or duke


quor

Quōr negās?

An vero non iusta causa est, quor curratur celeriter

c. 194 BCE, Plautus, Poenulus 3.1.533-534

Why is there not just cause for running quickly?

Pre-Classical form of cūr (“why, for what reason, wherefore, to what purpose, from what motive”)