See grunnio in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
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"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
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},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "gurnjiri"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "grugnire"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "grognir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
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"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "gronir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "groindre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "groignier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "grondre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "grondir"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "grunyir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "rondinar"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "rondir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "rondinar"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "rondinar"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "gruñir"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grunhir"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "grunnir"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "gruñir"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gru-",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gru-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γρῦ",
"t": "grunt of swine"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γρῦ (grû, “grunt of swine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grunt"
},
"expansion": "English grunt",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gru-, *gʰru-, an imitative root, similar to Ancient Greek γρῦ (grû, “grunt of swine”), English grunt, grudge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grunniō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no passive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīre",
"links": [
[
"grunnīre",
"grunnire"
]
],
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvī",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvī",
"grunnivi"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniī",
"links": [
[
"grunniī",
"grunnii"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītum",
"links": [
[
"grunnītum",
"grunnitum"
]
],
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-4",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniō",
"links": [
[
"grunniō",
"grunnio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīs",
"grunnis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīmus",
"grunnimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītis",
"links": [
[
"grunnītis",
"grunnitis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbam",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbam",
"grunniebam#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbās",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbās",
"grunniebas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbat",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbat",
"grunniebat#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbāmus",
"grunniebamus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbātis",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbātis",
"grunniebatis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbant",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbant",
"grunniebant#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēs",
"links": [
[
"grunniēs",
"grunnies#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniēmus",
"grunniemus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniētis",
"links": [
[
"grunniētis",
"grunnietis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvī",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvī",
"grunnivi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniī",
"links": [
[
"grunniī",
"grunnii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvistī",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvistī",
"grunnivisti#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniistī",
"links": [
[
"grunniistī",
"grunniisti#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvit",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvit",
"grunnivit#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvimus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvimus",
"grunnivimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvistis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvistis",
"grunnivistis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvērunt",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvērunt",
"grunniverunt#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvēre",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvēre",
"grunnivere#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniērunt",
"links": [
[
"grunniērunt",
"grunnierunt#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēre",
"links": [
[
"grunniēre",
"grunniere#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīveram",
"links": [
[
"grunnīveram",
"grunniveram#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnieram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverās",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverās",
"grunniveras#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierās",
"links": [
[
"grunnierās",
"grunnieras#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverat",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverat",
"grunniverat#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverāmus",
"grunniveramus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnierāmus",
"grunnieramus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverātis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverātis",
"grunniveratis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierātis",
"links": [
[
"grunnierātis",
"grunnieratis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverant",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverant",
"grunniverant#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverō",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverō",
"grunnivero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierō",
"links": [
[
"grunnierō",
"grunniero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīveris",
"links": [
[
"grunnīveris",
"grunniveris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnieris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverit",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverit",
"grunniverit#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverimus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverimus",
"grunniverimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīveritis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīveritis",
"grunniveritis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnieritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverint",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverint",
"grunniverint#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniās",
"links": [
[
"grunniās",
"grunnias#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniāmus",
"grunniamus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniātis",
"links": [
[
"grunniātis",
"grunniatis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrem",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrem",
"grunnirem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrēs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrēs",
"grunnires#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīret",
"links": [
[
"grunnīret",
"grunniret#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrēmus",
"grunniremus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrētis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrētis",
"grunniretis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrent",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrent",
"grunnirent#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverim",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverim",
"grunniverim#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverīs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverīs",
"grunniveris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierīs",
"links": [
[
"grunnierīs",
"grunnieris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverit",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverit",
"grunniverit#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverīmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverīmus",
"grunniverimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierīmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnierīmus",
"grunnierimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverītis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverītis",
"grunniveritis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierītis",
"links": [
[
"grunnierītis",
"grunnieritis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverint",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverint",
"grunniverint#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissem",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissem",
"grunnivissem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissēs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissēs",
"grunnivisses#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissēs",
"links": [
[
"grunniissēs",
"grunniisses#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvisset",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvisset",
"grunnivisset#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissēmus",
"grunnivissemus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniissēmus",
"grunniissemus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissētis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissētis",
"grunnivissetis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissētis",
"links": [
[
"grunniissētis",
"grunniissetis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissent",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissent",
"grunnivissent#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnī",
"links": [
[
"grunnī",
"grunni#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīte",
"links": [
[
"grunnīte",
"grunnite#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītō",
"links": [
[
"grunnītō",
"grunnito#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītō",
"links": [
[
"grunnītō",
"grunnito#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītōte",
"links": [
[
"grunnītōte",
"grunnitote#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniuntō",
"links": [
[
"grunniuntō",
"grunniunto#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīre",
"links": [
[
"grunnīre",
"grunnire#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēns",
"links": [
[
"grunniēns",
"grunniens#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītūrum esse",
"links": [
[
"grunnītūrum",
"grunniturum#Latin"
],
[
"esse",
"esse#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītūrus",
"links": [
[
"grunnītūrus",
"grunniturus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvisse",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvisse",
"grunnivisse#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītūrum fuisse",
"links": [
[
"grunnītūrum",
"grunniturum#Latin"
],
[
"fuisse",
"fuisse#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendī",
"links": [
[
"grunniendī",
"grunniendi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendō",
"links": [
[
"grunniendō",
"grunniendo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendō",
"links": [
[
"grunniendō",
"grunniendo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītum",
"links": [
[
"grunnītum",
"grunnitum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītū",
"links": [
[
"grunnītū",
"grunnitu#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grundiō",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "4++.nopass",
"2": "grunniō"
},
"expansion": "grunniō (present infinitive grunnīre, perfect active grunnīvī or grunniī, supine grunnītum); fourth conjugation, no passive",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "4++.nopass",
"2": "grunniō"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin fourth conjugation verbs with perfect in -i-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin fourth conjugation verbs with perfect in -īv-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "la:Animal sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grunnium"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Apino tells us that the larges of the fishes is the pig-fish, which the Lacedaemonians call the orthagoriscum, because it grunts when it is caught",
"ref": "77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 32.9",
"text": "Apion piscium maximum esse tradit porcum, quem Lacedaemoni orthagoriscum vocent; grunnire eum, cum capiatur.",
"translation": "Apino tells us that the larges of the fishes is the pig-fish, which the Lacedaemonians call the orthagoriscum, because it grunts when it is caught",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grunt (like a pig)"
],
"id": "en-grunnio-la-verb--eM66sOM",
"links": [
[
"grunt",
"grunt#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrʊn.ni.oː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrun.ni.o]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "grunnio"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "grunnium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "gurnjescu"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "gurnjiri"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "grugnire"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "grognir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "gronir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "groindre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "groignier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "grondre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grogner"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "groigner"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\"",
"\"grondir\""
],
"word": "gronder"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"grondre\""
],
"word": "grounre"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"from \"groignier\""
],
"word": "grognier"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "grondir"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "grunyir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "rondinar"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "rondir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "rondinar"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "rondinar"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "gruñir"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grunhir"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "grunnir"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "gruñir"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gru-",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gru-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γρῦ",
"t": "grunt of swine"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γρῦ (grû, “grunt of swine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grunt"
},
"expansion": "English grunt",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gru-, *gʰru-, an imitative root, similar to Ancient Greek γρῦ (grû, “grunt of swine”), English grunt, grudge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grunniō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no passive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīre",
"links": [
[
"grunnīre",
"grunnire"
]
],
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvī",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvī",
"grunnivi"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniī",
"links": [
[
"grunniī",
"grunnii"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītum",
"links": [
[
"grunnītum",
"grunnitum"
]
],
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-4",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniō",
"links": [
[
"grunniō",
"grunnio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīs",
"grunnis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīmus",
"grunnimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītis",
"links": [
[
"grunnītis",
"grunnitis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbam",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbam",
"grunniebam#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbās",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbās",
"grunniebas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbat",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbat",
"grunniebat#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbāmus",
"grunniebamus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbātis",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbātis",
"grunniebatis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēbant",
"links": [
[
"grunniēbant",
"grunniebant#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēs",
"links": [
[
"grunniēs",
"grunnies#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniēmus",
"grunniemus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniētis",
"links": [
[
"grunniētis",
"grunnietis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvī",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvī",
"grunnivi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniī",
"links": [
[
"grunniī",
"grunnii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvistī",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvistī",
"grunnivisti#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniistī",
"links": [
[
"grunniistī",
"grunniisti#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvit",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvit",
"grunnivit#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvimus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvimus",
"grunnivimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvistis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvistis",
"grunnivistis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvērunt",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvērunt",
"grunniverunt#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvēre",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvēre",
"grunnivere#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniērunt",
"links": [
[
"grunniērunt",
"grunnierunt#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēre",
"links": [
[
"grunniēre",
"grunniere#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīveram",
"links": [
[
"grunnīveram",
"grunniveram#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnieram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverās",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverās",
"grunniveras#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierās",
"links": [
[
"grunnierās",
"grunnieras#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverat",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverat",
"grunniverat#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverāmus",
"grunniveramus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnierāmus",
"grunnieramus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverātis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverātis",
"grunniveratis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierātis",
"links": [
[
"grunnierātis",
"grunnieratis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverant",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverant",
"grunniverant#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverō",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverō",
"grunnivero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierō",
"links": [
[
"grunnierō",
"grunniero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīveris",
"links": [
[
"grunnīveris",
"grunniveris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnieris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverit",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverit",
"grunniverit#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverimus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverimus",
"grunniverimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīveritis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīveritis",
"grunniveritis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnieritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverint",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverint",
"grunniverint#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniās",
"links": [
[
"grunniās",
"grunnias#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniāmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniāmus",
"grunniamus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniātis",
"links": [
[
"grunniātis",
"grunniatis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrem",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrem",
"grunnirem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrēs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrēs",
"grunnires#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīret",
"links": [
[
"grunnīret",
"grunniret#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrēmus",
"grunniremus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrētis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrētis",
"grunniretis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīrent",
"links": [
[
"grunnīrent",
"grunnirent#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverim",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverim",
"grunniverim#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverīs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverīs",
"grunniveris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierīs",
"links": [
[
"grunnierīs",
"grunnieris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverit",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverit",
"grunniverit#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverīmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverīmus",
"grunniverimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierīmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnierīmus",
"grunnierimus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverītis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverītis",
"grunniveritis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierītis",
"links": [
[
"grunnierītis",
"grunnieritis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīverint",
"links": [
[
"grunnīverint",
"grunniverint#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnierint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissem",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissem",
"grunnivissem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissēs",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissēs",
"grunnivisses#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissēs",
"links": [
[
"grunniissēs",
"grunniisses#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvisset",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvisset",
"grunnivisset#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissēmus",
"grunnivissemus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissēmus",
"links": [
[
"grunniissēmus",
"grunniissemus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissētis",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissētis",
"grunnivissetis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissētis",
"links": [
[
"grunniissētis",
"grunniissetis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvissent",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvissent",
"grunnivissent#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnī",
"links": [
[
"grunnī",
"grunni#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīte",
"links": [
[
"grunnīte",
"grunnite#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītō",
"links": [
[
"grunnītō",
"grunnito#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītō",
"links": [
[
"grunnītō",
"grunnito#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītōte",
"links": [
[
"grunnītōte",
"grunnitote#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniuntō",
"links": [
[
"grunniuntō",
"grunniunto#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīre",
"links": [
[
"grunnīre",
"grunnire#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniēns",
"links": [
[
"grunniēns",
"grunniens#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītūrum esse",
"links": [
[
"grunnītūrum",
"grunniturum#Latin"
],
[
"esse",
"esse#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītūrus",
"links": [
[
"grunnītūrus",
"grunniturus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnīvisse",
"links": [
[
"grunnīvisse",
"grunnivisse#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītūrum fuisse",
"links": [
[
"grunnītūrum",
"grunniturum#Latin"
],
[
"fuisse",
"fuisse#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendī",
"links": [
[
"grunniendī",
"grunniendi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendō",
"links": [
[
"grunniendō",
"grunniendo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniendō",
"links": [
[
"grunniendō",
"grunniendo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītum",
"links": [
[
"grunnītum",
"grunnitum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnītū",
"links": [
[
"grunnītū",
"grunnitu#Latin"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grundiō",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "4++.nopass",
"2": "grunniō"
},
"expansion": "grunniō (present infinitive grunnīre, perfect active grunnīvī or grunniī, supine grunnītum); fourth conjugation, no passive",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "4++.nopass",
"2": "grunniō"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin active-only verbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin fourth conjugation verbs",
"Latin fourth conjugation verbs with perfect in -i-",
"Latin fourth conjugation verbs with perfect in -īv-",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin onomatopoeias",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin verbs",
"Latin verbs with red links in their inflection tables",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Animal sounds"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Apino tells us that the larges of the fishes is the pig-fish, which the Lacedaemonians call the orthagoriscum, because it grunts when it is caught",
"ref": "77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 32.9",
"text": "Apion piscium maximum esse tradit porcum, quem Lacedaemoni orthagoriscum vocent; grunnire eum, cum capiatur.",
"translation": "Apino tells us that the larges of the fishes is the pig-fish, which the Lacedaemonians call the orthagoriscum, because it grunts when it is caught",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grunt (like a pig)"
],
"links": [
[
"grunt",
"grunt#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrʊn.ni.oː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrun.ni.o]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "grunnio"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grunnio meaning in Latin (26.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.