See gingiva in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "cheniva"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "dzindzii"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "dzindzie"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "xenxiva"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "geniva"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gingiva"
},
{
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"lang_code": "ext",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "gencive"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "zenzie"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "zenziva"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "denchive"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "zanziva"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "gingie"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "ghinghía"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "sénsia"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "benzía"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gingili"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "cincili"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "zinzìa"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "encía"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "zinzìva"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "zenzìva"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "xenxìva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"title": "gingīva"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">De Vaan, Michiel (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2008), “gingīva”, in <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 262</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵyewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chew"
},
"expansion": "English chew",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "śuwaṃ",
"3": "",
"4": "eat"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B śuwaṃ (“eat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żuć",
"3": "",
"4": "to chew"
},
"expansion": "Polish żuć (“to chew”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "جویدن",
"tr": "javidan"
},
"expansion": "Persian جویدن (javidan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ژول",
"4": "to bite, gnaw",
"tr": "žovạl"
},
"expansion": "Pashto ژول (žovạl, “to bite, gnaw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\n* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (compare English chew, Tocharian B śuwaṃ (“eat”), Polish żuć (“to chew”), Persian جویدن (javidan), Pashto ژول (žovạl, “to bite, gnaw”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gingīva",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīva",
"links": [
[
"gingīva",
"gingiva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvārum",
"links": [
[
"gingīvārum",
"gingivarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvīs",
"links": [
[
"gingīvīs",
"gingivis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvam",
"links": [
[
"gingīvam",
"gingivam#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvās",
"links": [
[
"gingīvās",
"gingivas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvā",
"links": [
[
"gingīvā",
"gingiva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvīs",
"links": [
[
"gingīvīs",
"gingivis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīva",
"links": [
[
"gingīva",
"gingiva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gingīva<1>"
},
"expansion": "gingīva f (genitive gingīvae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gingīva<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gum (in which the teeth are set)"
],
"id": "en-gingiva-la-noun-rSTU9aqu",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"gum",
"gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) gum (in which the teeth are set)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡɪŋˈɡiː.wa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʒin̠ʲˈd͡ʒiː.va]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gingiva"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "cheniva"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "dzindzii"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "dzindzie"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "xenxiva"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "geniva"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gingiva"
},
{
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"lang_code": "ext",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "gencive"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "zenzie"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "zenziva"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "denchive"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "zanziva"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "gingie"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "ghinghía"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "sénsia"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "benzía"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gingili"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "cincili"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "zinzìa"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "encía"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "zinzìva"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "zenzìva"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "xenxìva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"title": "gingīva"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">De Vaan, Michiel (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2008), “gingīva”, in <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 262</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵyewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chew"
},
"expansion": "English chew",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "śuwaṃ",
"3": "",
"4": "eat"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B śuwaṃ (“eat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żuć",
"3": "",
"4": "to chew"
},
"expansion": "Polish żuć (“to chew”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "جویدن",
"tr": "javidan"
},
"expansion": "Persian جویدن (javidan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ژول",
"4": "to bite, gnaw",
"tr": "žovạl"
},
"expansion": "Pashto ژول (žovạl, “to bite, gnaw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\n* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (compare English chew, Tocharian B śuwaṃ (“eat”), Polish żuć (“to chew”), Persian جویدن (javidan), Pashto ژول (žovạl, “to bite, gnaw”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gingīva",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīva",
"links": [
[
"gingīva",
"gingiva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvārum",
"links": [
[
"gingīvārum",
"gingivarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvīs",
"links": [
[
"gingīvīs",
"gingivis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvam",
"links": [
[
"gingīvam",
"gingivam#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvās",
"links": [
[
"gingīvās",
"gingivas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvā",
"links": [
[
"gingīvā",
"gingiva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvīs",
"links": [
[
"gingīvīs",
"gingivis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīva",
"links": [
[
"gingīva",
"gingiva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gingīvae",
"links": [
[
"gingīvae",
"gingivae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gingīva<1>"
},
"expansion": "gingīva f (genitive gingīvae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gingīva<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"gum (in which the teeth are set)"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"gum",
"gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) gum (in which the teeth are set)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡɪŋˈɡiː.wa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʒin̠ʲˈd͡ʒiː.va]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gingiva"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gingiva meaning in Latin (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"gingiva",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "",
"title": "gingiva",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 538052114<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 07 Sep 2026 17:25:51 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.