See fames in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Logudorese",
"lang_code": "sc-src",
"word": "fàmene"
},
{
"lang": "Logudorese",
"lang_code": "sc-src",
"word": "fàmine"
},
{
"lang": "Nuorese",
"lang_code": "sc-nuo",
"word": "fàmine"
},
{
"lang": "Campidanese",
"lang_code": "sc-sro",
"word": "fàmini"
}
],
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "foami"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "fome"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "foame"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fammi"
},
{
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"word": "fammi"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fammi"
},
{
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"word": "fammi"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "fum"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "famme"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "fan"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "fom"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "fam"
}
],
"lang": "Rhaeto-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "fâm"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "fàmme"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "famm"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "fâm"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Louisiana Creole",
"lang_code": "lou",
"word": "faim"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "faim"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "famine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "fain"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Louisiana Creole",
"lang_code": "lou",
"word": "faim"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "faim"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "famine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "faim"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"word": "hami"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "fam"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "fomi"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "fome"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fame"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"word": "fame"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "ambre"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "hambre"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "famne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "ambre"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "hambre"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "fambre"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fame"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeH-",
"4": "*dʰH-",
"5": "to disappear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰH- (“to disappear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "affatim"
},
"expansion": "Latin affatim",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "dedaid",
"t": "to melt away; to grow weary"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish dedaid (“to melt away; to grow weary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dási",
"t": "slow"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dási (“slow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "daze"
},
"expansion": "English daze",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "open"
},
"expansion": "open",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Since Pokorny, traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *dʰH- (“to disappear”), and connected with Latin affatim, fatīscō, fatīgō, fessus, as well as Old Irish dedaid (“to melt away; to grow weary”), Old Norse dási (“slow”), and English daze. However, De Vaan rejects this etymology, considering the forms and semantics as too vague, and leaves the origin open.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "famēs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "famis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famī",
"links": [
[
"famī",
"fami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famī",
"links": [
[
"famī",
"fami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famīs",
"links": [
[
"famīs",
"famis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famē",
"links": [
[
"famē",
"fame#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "famēs<3>",
"abl_sg": "famē",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "famēs f (genitive famis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "famēs<3>",
"abl_sg": "famē",
"gen_sg": "famis/famī"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "famēlicus"
},
{
"word": "famidus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hunger"
],
"id": "en-fames-la-noun-W6uk-5QV",
"links": [
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfa.meːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfaː.mes]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "fames"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "famēlicus"
},
{
"word": "famidus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Logudorese",
"lang_code": "sc-src",
"word": "fàmene"
},
{
"lang": "Logudorese",
"lang_code": "sc-src",
"word": "fàmine"
},
{
"lang": "Nuorese",
"lang_code": "sc-nuo",
"word": "fàmine"
},
{
"lang": "Campidanese",
"lang_code": "sc-sro",
"word": "fàmini"
}
],
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "foami"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "fome"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "foame"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fammi"
},
{
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"word": "fammi"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "fammi"
},
{
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"word": "fammi"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "fum"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "famme"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "fami"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "fan"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "fom"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "fam"
}
],
"lang": "Rhaeto-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "fâm"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "fàmme"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "famm"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "fâm"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Louisiana Creole",
"lang_code": "lou",
"word": "faim"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "faim"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "famine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "fain"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Louisiana Creole",
"lang_code": "lou",
"word": "faim"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "faim"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "famine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "famine"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "faim"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "fam"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"word": "hami"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "fam"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "fomi"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "fome"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fame"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "fame"
},
{
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"word": "fame"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "ambre"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "hambre"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "famne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "ambre"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "hambre"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "fambre"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fame"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeH-",
"4": "*dʰH-",
"5": "to disappear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰH- (“to disappear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "affatim"
},
"expansion": "Latin affatim",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "dedaid",
"t": "to melt away; to grow weary"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish dedaid (“to melt away; to grow weary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dási",
"t": "slow"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dási (“slow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "daze"
},
"expansion": "English daze",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "open"
},
"expansion": "open",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Since Pokorny, traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *dʰH- (“to disappear”), and connected with Latin affatim, fatīscō, fatīgō, fessus, as well as Old Irish dedaid (“to melt away; to grow weary”), Old Norse dási (“slow”), and English daze. However, De Vaan rejects this etymology, considering the forms and semantics as too vague, and leaves the origin open.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "famēs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "famis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famī",
"links": [
[
"famī",
"fami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famī",
"links": [
[
"famī",
"fami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famīs",
"links": [
[
"famīs",
"famis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famē",
"links": [
[
"famē",
"fame#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "famibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "famēs",
"links": [
[
"famēs",
"fames#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "famēs<3>",
"abl_sg": "famē",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "famēs f (genitive famis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "famēs<3>",
"abl_sg": "famē",
"gen_sg": "famis/famī"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"hunger"
],
"links": [
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfa.meːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfaː.mes]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "fames"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fames meaning in Latin (8.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (c6afe2d and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.