See catena in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cãtinã",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Aromanian: cãtinã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Aromanian: cãtinã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cătină",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Romanian: cătină",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Romanian: cătină"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "chêna",
"3": "cheina",
"4": "chaena",
"5": "chana"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: chêna, cheina, chaena, chana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: chêna, cheina, chaena, chana"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "catena"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: catena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cataina"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: cataina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: cataina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oit",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Italian: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "catena"
},
"expansion": "Italian: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: catena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cadène",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: cadène",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: cadène"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cadenã",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: cadenã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: cadenã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "catina"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: catina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: catina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "cadèna",
"3": "cadèina"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: cadèna, cadèina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: cadèna, cadèina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjadene",
"3": "čhadene"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjadene, čhadene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjadene, čhadene"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "caena",
"3": "chen-a",
"4": "cheina"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: caena, chen-a, cheina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: caena, chen-a, cheina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "cadena",
"3": "cajena",
"4": "caena"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: cadena, cajena, caena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: cadena, cajena, caena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "cadénn-a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ligurian: cadénn-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ligurian: cadénn-a"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "caden-a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Piedmontese: caden-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Piedmontese: caden-a"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "chèina",
"3": "chen-a"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: chèina, chen-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: chèina, chen-a"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "cadèina"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: cadèina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: cadèina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chaeine"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chaeine",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chaeine"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "chaisne"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: chaisne\nFrench: chaîne",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: chaisne\nFrench: chaîne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "caîne"
},
"expansion": "Norman: caîne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: caîne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "tchinne"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: tchinne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: tchinne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cheyne",
"bor": "1",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: cheyne\nEnglish: chain\nScots: cheen, chyne (obsolete chainzie)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: cheyne\nEnglish: chain\nScots: cheen, chyne (obsolete chainzie)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "cadena",
"3": "cana"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: cadena, cana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: cadena, cana"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Occitan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-auv",
"2": "chadena"
},
"expansion": "Auvergnat: chadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Auvergnat: chadena, chaina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "cadea"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: cadea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: cadea, caina, cadenha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-lan",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Languedocien: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Languedocien: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-lim",
"2": "chadena"
},
"expansion": "Limousin: chadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limousin: chadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-pro",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Provençal: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Provençal: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-viv",
"2": "chadena"
},
"expansion": "Vivaro-Alpine: chadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vivaro-Alpine: chadena, chaina, chaena, cheina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "chadaina",
"3": "chadagna",
"4": "cadagna"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: chadaina, chadagna, cadagna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: chadaina, chadagna, cadagna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "cadena",
"3": "carena",
"4": "catena"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: cadena, carena, catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: cadena, carena, catena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "cadéna",
"3": "caéna"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: cadéna, caéna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: cadéna, caéna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "cadẽa"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cadẽa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cadẽa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cadea",
"3": "cadeia"
},
"expansion": "Galician: cadea, cadeia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: cadea, cadeia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cadeia",
"3": "cadea"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: cadeia, cadea",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: cadeia, cadea (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: cadena",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: cadena (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "katea",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: katea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: katea"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kaduɨn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kaduɨn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kaduɨn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "chadenn"
},
"expansion": "Breton: chadenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: chadenn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cadwyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cadwyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cadwyn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cadwyn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cadwyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cadwyn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "catena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: catena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "catène",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: catène",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: catène"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "catena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: catena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "catenă",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: catenă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: catenă"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*katinnjā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *katinnjā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *katinnjā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*katesnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *katesnā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kat-",
"4": "",
"5": "to link or weave together; chain, net"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to link or weave together; chain, net”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցանց",
"3": "",
"4": "casting-net"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ցանց (cʻancʻ, “casting-net”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *katesnā, further etymology unknown. Probably connected with caterva (“crowd”) and cassis (“hunting-net”).\nPokorny derives catēna, caterva and cassis from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to link or weave together; chain, net”), with casa as another possible cognate.\nMartirosyan connects cassis and catēna with Old Armenian ցանց (cʻancʻ, “casting-net”) and derives all from a Mediterranean substrate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "catēna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "catēna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "catēna<1>"
},
"expansion": "catēna f (genitive catēnae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "catēna<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "catella"
},
{
"word": "catēnārius"
},
{
"word": "catēnātus"
},
{
"word": "catēnō"
},
{
"word": "catēnōsus"
},
{
"word": "catēnula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chain"
],
"id": "en-catena-la-noun-lBSIax6~",
"links": [
[
"chain",
"chain"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈteː.na/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈt̪eːnä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaˈte.na/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈt̪ɛːnä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "catena"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "catella"
},
{
"word": "catēnārius"
},
{
"word": "catēnātus"
},
{
"word": "catēnō"
},
{
"word": "catēnōsus"
},
{
"word": "catēnula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cãtinã",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Aromanian: cãtinã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Aromanian: cãtinã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cătină",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Romanian: cătină",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Romanian: cătină"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "chêna",
"3": "cheina",
"4": "chaena",
"5": "chana"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: chêna, cheina, chaena, chana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: chêna, cheina, chaena, chana"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "catena"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: catena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cataina"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: cataina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: cataina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oit",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Italian: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "catena"
},
"expansion": "Italian: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: catena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cadène",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: cadène",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: cadène"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cadenã",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: cadenã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: cadenã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "catina"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: catina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: catina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "cadèna",
"3": "cadèina"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: cadèna, cadèina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: cadèna, cadèina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjadene",
"3": "čhadene"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjadene, čhadene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjadene, čhadene"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "caena",
"3": "chen-a",
"4": "cheina"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: caena, chen-a, cheina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: caena, chen-a, cheina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "cadena",
"3": "cajena",
"4": "caena"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: cadena, cajena, caena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: cadena, cajena, caena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "cadénn-a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ligurian: cadénn-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ligurian: cadénn-a"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "caden-a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Piedmontese: caden-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Piedmontese: caden-a"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "chèina",
"3": "chen-a"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: chèina, chen-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: chèina, chen-a"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "cadèina"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: cadèina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: cadèina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chaeine"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chaeine",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chaeine"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "chaisne"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: chaisne\nFrench: chaîne",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: chaisne\nFrench: chaîne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "caîne"
},
"expansion": "Norman: caîne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: caîne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "tchinne"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: tchinne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: tchinne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cheyne",
"bor": "1",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: cheyne\nEnglish: chain\nScots: cheen, chyne (obsolete chainzie)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: cheyne\nEnglish: chain\nScots: cheen, chyne (obsolete chainzie)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "cadena",
"3": "cana"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: cadena, cana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: cadena, cana"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Occitan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-auv",
"2": "chadena"
},
"expansion": "Auvergnat: chadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Auvergnat: chadena, chaina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "cadea"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: cadea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: cadea, caina, cadenha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-lan",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Languedocien: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Languedocien: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-lim",
"2": "chadena"
},
"expansion": "Limousin: chadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limousin: chadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-pro",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Provençal: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Provençal: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-viv",
"2": "chadena"
},
"expansion": "Vivaro-Alpine: chadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vivaro-Alpine: chadena, chaina, chaena, cheina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "chadaina",
"3": "chadagna",
"4": "cadagna"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: chadaina, chadagna, cadagna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: chadaina, chadagna, cadagna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "cadena",
"3": "carena",
"4": "catena"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: cadena, carena, catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: cadena, carena, catena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "cadéna",
"3": "caéna"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: cadéna, caéna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: cadéna, caéna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: cadena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: cadena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "cadẽa"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cadẽa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cadẽa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cadea",
"3": "cadeia"
},
"expansion": "Galician: cadea, cadeia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: cadea, cadeia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cadeia",
"3": "cadea"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: cadeia, cadea",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: cadeia, cadea (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cadena"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: cadena",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: cadena (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "katea",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: katea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: katea"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kaduɨn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kaduɨn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kaduɨn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "chadenn"
},
"expansion": "Breton: chadenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: chadenn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cadwyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cadwyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cadwyn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cadwyn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cadwyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cadwyn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "catena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: catena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "catène",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: catène",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: catène"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "catena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: catena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: catena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "catenă",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: catenă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: catenă"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*katinnjā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *katinnjā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *katinnjā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*katesnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *katesnā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kat-",
"4": "",
"5": "to link or weave together; chain, net"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to link or weave together; chain, net”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցանց",
"3": "",
"4": "casting-net"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ցանց (cʻancʻ, “casting-net”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *katesnā, further etymology unknown. Probably connected with caterva (“crowd”) and cassis (“hunting-net”).\nPokorny derives catēna, caterva and cassis from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to link or weave together; chain, net”), with casa as another possible cognate.\nMartirosyan connects cassis and catēna with Old Armenian ցանց (cʻancʻ, “casting-net”) and derives all from a Mediterranean substrate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "catēna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "catēna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "catēna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "catēnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "catēna<1>"
},
"expansion": "catēna f (genitive catēnae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "catēna<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"chain"
],
"links": [
[
"chain",
"chain"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈteː.na/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈt̪eːnä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaˈte.na/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈt̪ɛːnä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "catena"
}
Download raw JSONL data for catena meaning in Latin (12.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.