sinus

la-noun

sinus m (genitive sinūs); fourth declension

sinūs (genitive)
sinus (nominative singular)
sinūs (nominative plural)
sinūs (genitive singular)
sinuum (genitive plural)
sinuī (dative singular)
sinibus (dative plural)
sinum (accusative singular)
sinūs (accusative plural)
sinū (ablative singular)
sinibus (ablative plural)
sinus (singular vocative)
sinūs (plural vocative)

→ Aromanian: sin

Asturian: senu, sen

Catalan: si; → sina

→ English: sinus, sine

French: sein; → sinus

Friulian: sen

Hebrew: סינוס

Italian: seno

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: sẽo, seo
Galician: seo
Portuguese: seio

Piedmontese: sen

→ Portuguese: sino, seno (learned)

Romanian: sân

Romansch: sain

Sardinian: sinu

Sicilian: sinu

Spanish: seno

Venetan: sen

From Proto-Indo-European *sinos; akin to Albanian gji (“breast, bosom”).
The mathematical sense ‘chord of an arc, sine’ was introduced in the 12th century by Gherardo of Cremona as a semantic loan from Arabic جَيْب (jayb, “chord, sine”) (ultimately a loan from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)) by confusion with جَيْب (jayb, “bosom, fold in a garment”).

semantic loan

(literal) the hanging fold of a toga over the breast; a pocket, lap

a purse, money, which was carried in the bosom of the toga

Qui cum sedens ad mensam non haberet ad manum, ubi oblatum sibi munus reponeret, misit hoc in sinum sibi.

Beda Venerabilis, Historia Ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum III.2

Having nowhere to put what had been brought him when sitting at the table, he shoved it into his bosom.

a gulf, bay, bight
a basin, hollow, valley


sebum

la-noun

sēbum n (genitive sēbī); second declension

sēbum (canonical neuter)
sēbī (genitive)
sēbum (nominative singular)
sēba (nominative plural)
sēbī (genitive singular)
sēbōrum (genitive plural)
sēbō (dative singular)
sēbīs (dative plural)
sēbum (accusative singular)
sēba (accusative plural)
sēbō (ablative singular)
sēbīs (ablative plural)
sēbum (singular vocative)
sēba (plural vocative)
sēvum (alternative)
saevum (alternative)
sēba (alternative)
cēpum (alternative)
cēpa (alternative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: seu

Romanian: seu

Italo-Romance:

Italian: sebo, sego, sevo

Neapolitan: sivo

Sicilian: sivu

Padanian:

Emilian: si, sèi, sè

Friulian: sêf

Galloitalic from Sicily: siu

Ligurian: sêu, sêvo, sêio

Lombard: sef, sif, seu

Piedmontese: sèiv, sòiv

Romagnol: sif, si, séi, sif

Venetan: seo, sef

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Old Francoprovençal: sieu

Franco-Provençal: suif, sueif

Old French: seu, seuf

French: suif

⇒ Anglo-Norman: suet, siuet

desctree

→ Middle English: suet, sewet, sueth, suett, suette, suwet, swet, swete, sywete
English: suet
Scots: shuet

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: sèu

Occitan: seu

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: sebo

Portuguese: sebo

Spanish: sebo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: sebu, seu

Borrowings:

→ English: sebum (learned)

→ French: sébum
→ Romanian: sebum

From Proto-Indo-European *seyb- (“to pour out”), whence also (through Proto-Germanic) sāpō.


sputum

la-noun

spūtum n (genitive spūtī); second declension

spūtum (canonical neuter)
spūtī (genitive)
spūtum (nominative singular)
spūta (nominative plural)
spūtī (genitive singular)
spūtōrum (genitive plural)
spūtō (dative singular)
spūtīs (dative plural)
spūtum (accusative singular)
spūta (accusative plural)
spūtō (ablative singular)
spūtīs (ablative plural)
spūtum (singular vocative)
spūta (plural vocative)

Catalan: esput

Dalmatian: spoit

English: sputum

Italian: sputo

Old French: esput

Portuguese: esputo

Romanian: spută

Spanish: esputo

[ˈs̠puːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]


amphora

amphora f (genitive amphorae); first declension

amphorae (genitive)
amphora (nominative singular)
amphorae (nominative plural)
amphorae (genitive singular)
amphorum (genitive plural)
amphorārum (genitive plural)
amphorae (dative singular)
amphorīs (dative plural)
amphoram (accusative singular)
amphorās (accusative plural)
amphorā (ablative singular)
amphorīs (ablative plural)
amphora (singular vocative)
amphorae (plural vocative)
amfora (alternative)
ampora (alternative)

Catalan: àmfora

French: amphore

Galician: ánfora

Italian: anfora

Portuguese: ânfora

Spanish: ánfora

→ English: amphor

→ German: Amphore

→? Proto-West Germanic: *ambrī (see there for further descendants)

From Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús, “two-handled pitcher, units of liquid measure”). As a Roman unit, originally an elision of amphora quadrantal.

bor

(chiefly historical) amphora, a large vessel, especially one made of clay with two handles used for storing and transporting wine and oil


sudor

la-noun

sūdor m (genitive sūdōris); third declension

sūdor (canonical masculine)
sūdōris (genitive)
sūdor (nominative singular)
sūdōrēs (nominative plural)
sūdōris (genitive singular)
sūdōrum (genitive plural)
sūdōrī (dative singular)
sūdōribus (dative plural)
sūdōrem (accusative singular)
sūdōrēs (accusative plural)
sūdōre (ablative singular)
sūdōribus (ablative plural)
sūdor (singular vocative)
sūdōrēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: asudoari, sudoari

Romanian: sudoare

Dalmatian:

sudaur

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: sudore, sudori (Ultramontan)

Italian: sudore

Neapolitan: surore

Sicilian: sudura

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: sori, sudore, sudori, suore, suori

North Italian: (forms with /d/ possibly Italianisms)

Friulian: sudôr

Istriot: sudur

Piedmontese: sudor

Romagnol: sudôr

Romansch: süur

Venetan: suor

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: suor

desctree

Old French: suor, sudor (archaic), suur (Anglo-Norman), sueur
French: sueur

Gascon: sudor

Occitan: susor, suor

Ibero-Romance:

→ Asturian: sudor

Galician: suor

Portuguese: suor

→ Spanish: sudor

From Proto-Indo-European *swoyd- (“to sweat”), *sweyd-. Cognates include Ancient Greek ἱδρώς (hidrṓs), Sanskrit स्वेदते (svedate) and Old English swāt (English sweat).


aurum

la-noun

aurum n (genitive aurī); second declension

aurī (genitive)
aurum (nominative singular)
aurī (genitive singular)
aurō (dative singular)
aurum (accusative singular)
aurō (ablative singular)
aurum (singular vocative)
ausum (alternative)
ōrum (alternative)

Balkano-Romance:

Aromanian: avru

Istro-Romanian: aur

Romanian: aur

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: oru

Dalmatian: jaur, yaur, uar, vuar, iuar

Italian: oro

→ Esperanto: oro

→ Sardinian: oru, oro

Neapolitan: oro

Sicilian: oru, àuru

Venetan: oro

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: aur

Ladin: or

Romansch: aur, or, ôr

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: òr, ôr

Ligurian: öo

Lombard: òr

Piedmontese: òr

Romagnol: or

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: or, eu, eur, ouâ

Occitan: aur

Old Catalan: or, aur

Catalan: or

desctree

Old French: or
Middle French: or, aur (alternate Latinized spelling)
French: or
Haitian Creole: lò
→ English: or
Walloon: ôr

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: oro

Old Galician-Portuguese: ouro
Fala: oiru
Galician: ouro
Portuguese: ouro (see there for further descendants)

Old Leonese:

Asturian: oru

Extremaduran: oru

Leonese: ouru, oru

Mirandese: ouro

Old Spanish: oro

Ladino: oro

Spanish: oro

Borrowings:

Ancient:

→ Albanian: ar

→ Old Irish: ór
Irish: ór
Manx: airh
Scottish Gaelic: òr

→ Proto-Brythonic: *awr
Breton: aour
Old Cornish: our
Cornish: owr
Old Welsh: our
Welsh: awr
Middle Welsh: eur (probably < Latin aureus)
Welsh: aur

Later:

→ English: aurum

→ Italian: auro, auro-

Rhoticization of Old Latin ausum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éws-o-m (or less likely *h₂é-h₂us-om) (“gold”), from *h₂ews- (“to dawn, become light, become red”). Cognate with Lithuanian áuksas, Old Lithuanian ausas, Old Prussian ausis, Tocharian A wäs, Tocharian B yasā.

any object made of gold, such as a gold coin or a gold ring


aes

la-noun

aes n (genitive aeris); third declension

aeris (genitive)
aes (nominative singular)
aera (nominative plural)
aeris (genitive singular)
aerum (genitive plural)
aerī (dative singular)
aeribus (dative plural)
aes (accusative singular)
aera (accusative plural)
aere (ablative singular)
aeribus (ablative plural)
aes (singular vocative)
aera (plural vocative)
ēs (alternative)

From Proto-Italic *aos, early *ajos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos.
However, cf. Ringe (2017: 311, fn.32) who notes that “an alternative possibility is that [Proto-Germanic *aiz] actually reflects a preform *áys or *h₂áys, as Lat aes must (Michael Weiss, p.c.).”
Cognate with English ore.


neco

la-verb

necō (present infinitive necāre, perfect active necāvī, supine necātum); first conjugation

necō (canonical)
necāre (infinitive present)
necāvī (active perfect)
necātum (supine)
necō (active first-person indicative present singular)
necās (active indicative present second-person singular)
necat (active indicative present singular third-person)
necāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
necātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
necant (active indicative plural present third-person)
necābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
necābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
necābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
necābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
necābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
necābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
necābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
necābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
necābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
necābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
necābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
necābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
necāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
necāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
necāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
necāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
necāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
necāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
necārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
necāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
necāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
necāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
necāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
necārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
necāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
necārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
necāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
necārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
necāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
necārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
necāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
necārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
necāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
necārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
necāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
necārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
necāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
necārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
necāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
necārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
necor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
necāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
necāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
necātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
necāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
necāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
necantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
necābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
necābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
necābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
necābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
necābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
necābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
necābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
necābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
necāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
necābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
necābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
necābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
necābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
necābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
necem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
necēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
necet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
necēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
necētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
necent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
necārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
necārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
necārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
necārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
necāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
necārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
necāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
necāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
necāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
necāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
necāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
necēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
necēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
necētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
necēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
necēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
necentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
necārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
necārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
necārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
necārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
necārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
necārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
necārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
necā (active imperative present second-person singular)
necāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
necātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
necātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
necātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
necantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
necāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
necāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
necātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
necātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
necantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
necāre (active infinitive present)
necārī (infinitive passive present)
necāns (active participle present)
necātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
necātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
necātūrus (active future participle)
necandus (future participle passive)
necāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
necāsse (active infinitive perfect)
necātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
necātus (participle passive perfect)
necātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
necātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
necandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
necandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
necandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
necandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
necātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
necātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Balkano-Romance:

Aromanian: nec, nicari

Megleno-Romanian: nec, nicari

Romanian: îneca, înecare, neca

Italo-Romance:

Italian: annegare

Neapolitan: anneà

Sicilian: annigari, annijari

North Italian:

Ligurian: negâ

Lombard: negar, negà

Piedmontese: nié, nijé

Venetan: negar

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: noiier, noier

Anglo-Norman: neier

Norman: néyaer

French: noyer

Picard: noéïer

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: negar

desc

Occitan: negar, nejar (northern), neiar (Vivaro-Alpine)

Ibero-Romance:

Portuguese: anegar

Spanish: anegar

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: annegare, annegai

From nec- + -ō (denominative verb suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“perish, disappear”).
See also noxius (“harmful”), noceō (“I hurt, harm”), nex (“murder, violent death”) (as opposed to mors), as well as Middle Welsh angheu (“death”), Breton ankou, Old Irish éc, Ancient Greek νέκυς (nékus, “a dead body”) and νεκρός (nekrós, “dead”), Old Persian 𐎻𐎴𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎹 (vi-n-θ-y-t-y /vi-nathayatiy/, “he injures”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nasiieⁱti, “disappears”), 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬎- (nasu-, “corpse”), Sanskrit नश्यति (naśyati, “to disappear, perish”).

cog

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) (transitive) to drown


vena

la-noun

vēna f (genitive vēnae); first declension

vēna (canonical feminine)
vēnae (genitive)
vēna (nominative singular)
vēnae (nominative plural)
vēnae (genitive singular)
vēnārum (genitive plural)
vēnae (dative singular)
vēnīs (dative plural)
vēnam (accusative singular)
vēnās (accusative plural)
vēnā (ablative singular)
vēnīs (ablative plural)
vēna (singular vocative)
vēnae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: vinã, vãnã

Romanian: vână

Dalmatian:

vaina

Italo-Romance:

Italian: vena

Sicilian: vina

North Italian:

Friulian: vene

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: vèina, vàina, vèna

Ligurian: vénn-a

Lombard: vena, ena

Piedmontese: ven-a, vèina, vègna

Romagnol: vèina, vàina

Romansch: avaina, avagna

Venetan: véna, vena

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: veine, vaine, veyne
Middle French: vene
French: veine
→ Vietnamese: ven
Norman: veine
→ Middle English: veine
English: vein
Scots: van, vane, vain, vaine

Walloon: voenne

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: vena

Gascon: vea, veia, via, venha

Old Occitan: vena

Occitan: vena

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: vena

Asturian: vena

Old Galician-Portuguese: vẽa
Fala: vea
Galician: vea
Portuguese: veia

Old Spanish: vena

Spanish: vena

Sardinian:

bena; → vena

Borrowings:

→ Bulgarian: вена (vena)

→ English: vena

→ Finnish: vena

→ German: Vene

→ Hungarian: véna

→ Macedonian: вена (vena)

→ Polish: wena

→ Romanian: venă

→ Russian: вена (vena)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вена

Latin script: vena

→ Swedish: ven

→ Ukrainian: вена (vena)

Of uncertain origin; proposed derivations include:
* From Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-, the same root of via (“road”).
* From Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁-, the same root of venēnum (“juice; venom”).
* From Proto-Indo-European *weyp-, the same root of vibex (“weal, welt”).
* From a root common to Lithuanian gýsla (“vein”) and Russian жи́ла (žíla, “vein”).

(transferred sense, of things that resemble a vein)


oleum phosphoratum

la-noun

oleum phōsphorātum n (genitive oleī phōsphorātī); second declension

oleum phōsphorātum (canonical neuter)
oleī phōsphorātī (genitive)
oleum phōsphorātum (nominative singular)
olea phōsphorāta (nominative plural)
oleī phōsphorātī (genitive singular)
oleōrum phōsphorātōrum (genitive plural)
oleō phōsphorātō (dative singular)
oleīs phōsphorātīs (dative plural)
oleum phōsphorātum (accusative singular)
olea phōsphorāta (accusative plural)
oleō phōsphorātō (ablative singular)
oleīs phōsphorātīs (ablative plural)
oleum phōsphorātum (singular vocative)
olea phōsphorāta (plural vocative)

(New Latin) Elemental phosphorus (white phosphorus) mixed in olive oil.


galla

galla f (genitive gallae); first declension

gallae (genitive)
galla (nominative singular)
gallae (nominative plural)
gallae (genitive singular)
gallārum (genitive plural)
gallae (dative singular)
gallīs (dative plural)
gallam (accusative singular)
gallās (accusative plural)
gallā (ablative singular)
gallīs (ablative plural)
galla (singular vocative)
gallae (plural vocative)

Catalan: gala, agalla

→ English: gall

French: galle

Italian: galla

Portuguese: galha, galho

→ Russian: галл (gall)

Spanish: galla, gajo

There are various hypotheses:
* Perhaps from or influenced by Germanic, if the sense is "poison-sore"; see Proto-Germanic *gallǭ (English gall (“bile”)) or *gallô (“sore, swelling, lesion”) (English gall (“sore”)).
* From Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“form into a ball; ball”). Cognate with Latin glaeba, glomus and Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“mass, lump, clump; clasp”).

cog

proderit et tunsum gallae admiscere saporem […]

c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.267

It is good too to blend a taste of pounded oak apples […]


stibium

la-noun

stibium n (genitive stibiī); second declension

stibiī (genitive)
stibium (nominative singular)
stibia (nominative plural)
stibiī (genitive singular)
stibiōrum (genitive plural)
stibiō (dative singular)
stibiīs (dative plural)
stibium (accusative singular)
stibia (accusative plural)
stibiō (ablative singular)
stibiīs (ablative plural)
stibium (singular vocative)
stibia (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠t̪ɪbiʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek στίβι (stíbi), a variant of Ancient Greek στίμμι (stímmi).


poculum

pōculum n (genitive pōculī); second declension

pōculum (canonical neuter)
pōculī (genitive)
pōculum (nominative singular)
pōcula (nominative plural)
pōculī (genitive singular)
pōculōrum (genitive plural)
pōculō (dative singular)
pōculīs (dative plural)
pōculum (accusative singular)
pōcula (accusative plural)
pōculō (ablative singular)
pōculīs (ablative plural)
pōculum (singular vocative)
pōcula (plural vocative)
poclum (alternative)

→ English: poculum

Galician: púcaro

Italian: poculo

Portuguese: púcaro

→ Spanish: búcaro

→ Italian: bucchero, buccaro (archaic)

→ English: bucchero

Spanish: póculo

[ˈpoːkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *pōtlom, from Proto-Indo-European *péh₃tlom, derived from the root *peh₃- (“to drink”) (whence also bibō).
Cognate with Old Irish ól, and Sanskrit पात्र (pātra).

Vīsne pōculum merī?


sanies

saniēs f (genitive saniēī); fifth declension

saniēs (canonical feminine)
saniēī (genitive)
saniēs (nominative singular)
saniēs (nominative plural)
saniēī (genitive singular)
saniērum (genitive plural)
saniēī (dative singular)
saniēbus (dative plural)
saniem (accusative singular)
saniēs (accusative plural)
saniē (ablative singular)
saniēbus (ablative plural)
saniēs (singular vocative)
saniēs (plural vocative)
sania (alternative)

Italian: sanie

Sardinian: sanza, sangia

Picard Old French: sainnie

desc

Middle French: saingne, rancle de saingnie (“purulent ulcer”)

⇒ Old Catalan: saniar

→? Old Occitan: sania

Portuguese: sanha

Spanish: saña

→ English: sanies

→ Catalan: sànies

→ Portuguese: sânie

→ Spanish: sanies

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁sh₂-én-, oblique stem of *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”). Compare Latin sanguis.


stannum

la-noun

stannum n (genitive stannī); second declension

stannī (genitive)
stannum (nominative singular)
stanna (nominative plural)
stannī (genitive singular)
stannōrum (genitive plural)
stannō (dative singular)
stannīs (dative plural)
stannum (accusative singular)
stanna (accusative plural)
stannō (ablative singular)
stannīs (ablative plural)
stannum (singular vocative)
stanna (plural vocative)
stagnum (alternative)

Asturian: estañu

Catalan: estany

French: étain

Friulian: stagn

Galician: estaño, estano

Italian: stagno

Occitan: estanh

Portuguese: estanho

Romanian: staniu

Sardinian: istagnu, stàngiu

Sicilian: stagnu

Spanish: estaño

[ˈs̠t̪änːʊ̃ˑ]

Probably of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *stagnos; see also Irish stán.


sucus

sūcus m (genitive sūcī); second declension

sūcus (canonical masculine)
sūcī (genitive)
sūcus (nominative singular)
sūcī (nominative plural)
sūcī (genitive singular)
sūcōrum (genitive plural)
sūcō (dative singular)
sūcīs (dative plural)
sūcum (accusative singular)
sūcōs (accusative plural)
sūcō (ablative singular)
sūcīs (ablative plural)
sūce (singular vocative)
sūcī (plural vocative)
succus (alternative)

→ Basque: zuku

Catalan: suc

Corsican: suchju, sughju

→ Esperanto: suko

French: suc

Friulian: sûc

Galician: xugo

Italian: succo, sugo

Piedmontese: sugh

Portuguese: suco

Romanian: suc, usuc

Romansch: suc

Sicilian: sucu

Old Spanish: xugo

Spanish: jugo

→ Spanish: suco

From Proto-Italic *soukos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewg-, *sewk- (“juice; to suck”), itself possibly borrowed from Proto-Uralic *śuwe (“mouth”). Cognate with sūgō, Welsh sugno (“to suck”), sugnedydd (“pump”), Latvian sùkt (“to suck”), Proto-Slavic *sъsàti (“to suck”), and English suck. Apparently unrelated to Proto-Slavic *sokъ of the same meaning.

(figuratively) strength, vitality, rigor, energy, life


hydrogenium

hydrogenium n (genitive hydrogeniī); second declension

hydrogeniī (genitive)
hydrogenium (nominative singular)
hydrogenia (nominative plural)
hydrogeniī (genitive singular)
hydrogeniōrum (genitive plural)
hydrogeniō (dative singular)
hydrogeniīs (dative plural)
hydrogenium (accusative singular)
hydrogenia (accusative plural)
hydrogeniō (ablative singular)
hydrogeniīs (ablative plural)
hydrogenium (singular vocative)
hydrogenia (plural vocative)
hydrogenum (alternative)

[hʏd̪rɔˈɡɛniʊ̃ˑ]

Learned borrowing from French hydrogène.


libo

la-verb

lībō (present infinitive lībāre, perfect active lībāvī, supine lībātum); first conjugation

lībō (canonical)
lībāre (infinitive present)
lībāvī (active perfect)
lībātum (supine)
lībō (active first-person indicative present singular)
lībās (active indicative present second-person singular)
lībat (active indicative present singular third-person)
lībāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
lībātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
lībant (active indicative plural present third-person)
lībābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lībābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lībābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lībābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lībābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lībābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lībābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
lībābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
lībābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
lībābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
lībābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
lībābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
lībāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
lībāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
lībāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
lībāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
lībāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
lībāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
lībāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
lībāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
lībāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
lībāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
lībāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
lībāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
lībāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
lībāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
lībāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
lībāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
lībāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
lībāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
lībāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
lībor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
lībāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
lībāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
lībātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
lībāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
lībāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
lībantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
lībābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
lībābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
lībābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
lībābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
lībābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
lībābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
lībābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
lībābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
lībāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
lībābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
lībābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
lībābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
lībābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
lībābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
lībem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
lībēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
lībet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
lībēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
lībētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
lībent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
lībārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lībārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lībāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lībārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lībārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lībārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lībāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
lībāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lībāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lībāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
lībāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lībāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lībāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
lībāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lībāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lībāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
lībāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lībāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
līber (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
lībēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
lībēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
lībētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
lībēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
lībēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
lībentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
lībārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
lībārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
lībārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
lībārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
lībārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
lībārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
lībārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
lībā (active imperative present second-person singular)
lībāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
lībātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
lībātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
lībātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
lībantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
lībāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
lībāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
lībātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
lībātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
lībantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
lībāre (active infinitive present)
lībārī (infinitive passive present)
lībāns (active participle present)
lībātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
lībātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
lībātūrus (active future participle)
lībandus (future participle passive)
lībāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
lībātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
lībātus (participle passive perfect)
lībātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
lībātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
lībandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
lībandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
lībandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
lībandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
lībātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
lībātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

English: libate

Italian: libare

Spanish: libar

From lībum + -ō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leybʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀλείφω (aleíphō).


medus

la-noun

mēdus m (genitive mēdī); second declension

mēdus (canonical masculine)
mēdī (genitive)
mēdus (nominative singular)
mēdī (nominative plural)
mēdī (genitive singular)
mēdōrum (genitive plural)
mēdō (dative singular)
mēdīs (dative plural)
mēdum (accusative singular)
mēdōs (accusative plural)
mēdō (ablative singular)
mēdīs (ablative plural)
mēde (singular vocative)
mēdī (plural vocative)

From a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *meduz, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.


urina

ūrīna f (genitive ūrīnae); first declension

ūrīna (canonical feminine)
ūrīnae (genitive)
ūrīna (nominative singular)
ūrīnae (nominative plural)
ūrīnae (genitive singular)
ūrīnārum (genitive plural)
ūrīnae (dative singular)
ūrīnīs (dative plural)
ūrīnam (accusative singular)
ūrīnās (accusative plural)
ūrīnā (ablative singular)
ūrīnīs (ablative plural)
ūrīna (singular vocative)
ūrīnae (plural vocative)

Vulgar Latin: *aurīna (see there for further descendants)

Possibly inherited forms:

Old Catalan: urina

Friulian: urine

Italian: urina

Occitan: urina

Certain borrowings:

→ English: urine

→ French: urine

→ Galician: urina

→ Portuguese: urina

→ Romanian: urină

From Proto-Italic *ūrīnos (“watery”), from Proto-Indo-European *woh₁-r̥ (“water”), possibly a doublet of *wódr̥ (with the "Kortlandt effect", which posits that *d becomes *h₁ under certain conditions). See also Sanskrit वार् (vār, “water”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭 (var, “rain”).


silicium

silicium n (genitive siliciī); second declension

siliciī (genitive)
silicium (nominative singular)
silicia (nominative plural)
siliciī (genitive singular)
siliciōrum (genitive plural)
siliciō (dative singular)
siliciīs (dative plural)
silicium (accusative singular)
silicia (accusative plural)
siliciō (ablative singular)
siliciīs (ablative plural)
silicium (singular vocative)
silicia (plural vocative)

Dutch: silicium

English: silicon

Esperanto: silicio

Galician: silicio

Italian: silicio

Portuguese: silício

Romanian: siliciu

Spanish: silicio

[s̠ɪˈlʲɪkiʊ̃ˑ]

Derived from silex, silicis (“flint”) + -ium (chemical element suffix).


belladonna

la-noun

belladonna f (genitive belladonnae); first declension

belladonnae (genitive)
belladonna (nominative singular)
belladonnae (nominative plural)
belladonnae (genitive singular)
belladonnārum (genitive plural)
belladonnae (dative singular)
belladonnīs (dative plural)
belladonnam (accusative singular)
belladonnās (accusative plural)
belladonnā (ablative singular)
belladonnīs (ablative plural)
belladonna (singular vocative)
belladonnae (plural vocative)

Aecidium belladonnae

Amaryllis belladonna

Amphisphaeria belladonnae

Aspila belladonna

Atropa belladonna

Boberella belladonna

Coburgia belladonna

Delias belladonna

Delphinium belladonna

Hamadryas belladonna

Leopoldia belladonna

Lestes belladonna

Lilium belladonna

Mycosphaerella belladonnae

Naevia belladonnae

Pauia belladonna

Ploettnera belladonnae

Sphaerella belladonnae

Trematosphaeria belladonnae

[bɛlːʲäˈd̪ɔnːä]

[belːäˈd̪ɔnːä]

Borrowed from Italian belladonna (bella donna, literally “beautiful lady”), altered by folk etymology from Medieval Latin blādōna (“nightshade”), from Gaulish *blātōnā, blātunā, from Proto-Celtic *blātus (“flower”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₃tus, from *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).

bor

<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">bella donna</i>

Atropa belladonna
Atropa belladonna#Translingual

(New Latin) belladonna (Atropa belladonna)


talcum

la-noun

talcum n (genitive talcī); second declension

talcī (genitive)
talcum (nominative singular)
talca (nominative plural)
talcī (genitive singular)
talcōrum (genitive plural)
talcō (dative singular)
talcīs (dative plural)
talcum (accusative singular)
talca (accusative plural)
talcō (ablative singular)
talcīs (ablative plural)
talcum (singular vocative)
talca (plural vocative)

English: talcum

[ˈt̪äɫ̪kʊ̃ˑ]

From Arabic طَلْق (ṭalq), from Persian تلک (talk).


vomitus

vomitus m (genitive vomitūs); fourth declension

vomitūs (genitive)
vomitus (nominative singular)
vomitūs (nominative plural)
vomitūs (genitive singular)
vomituum (genitive plural)
vomituī (dative singular)
vomitibus (dative plural)
vomitum (accusative singular)
vomitūs (accusative plural)
vomitū (ablative singular)
vomitibus (ablative plural)
vomitus (singular vocative)
vomitūs (plural vocative)

Asturian: gómitu

Catalan: vòmit

English: vomitus

French: vomi

Italian: vomito

Portuguese: vômito

Spanish: vómito

[ˈu̯ɔmɪt̪ʊs̠]

Perfect passive participle of vomō (“vomit forth”).

That which is thrown up by vomiting; sick, vomit.


vappa

vappa f (genitive vappae); first declension

vappae (genitive)
vappa (nominative singular)
vappae (nominative plural)
vappae (genitive singular)
vappārum (genitive plural)
vappae (dative singular)
vappīs (dative plural)
vappam (accusative singular)
vappās (accusative plural)
vappā (ablative singular)
vappīs (ablative plural)
vappa (singular vocative)
vappae (plural vocative)

Asturian: guapu

Portuguese: vapa

Sicilian: vappu

Spanish: guapo (see there for further descendants)

(figuratively, derogatory, by extension) worthless person, fop


celia

celia f (genitive celiae); first declension

celiae (genitive)
celia (nominative singular)
celiae (nominative plural)
celiae (genitive singular)
celiārum (genitive plural)
celiae (dative singular)
celiīs (dative plural)
celiam (accusative singular)
celiās (accusative plural)
celiā (ablative singular)
celiīs (ablative plural)
celia (singular vocative)
celiae (plural vocative)


aqua vitae

aqua vītae f sg (genitive aquae vītae); first declension

aqua vītae (canonical feminine singular)
aquae vītae (genitive)
aqua vītae (nominative singular)
aquae vītae (genitive singular)
aquae vītae (dative singular)
aquam vītae (accusative singular)
aquā vītae (ablative singular)
aqua vītae (singular vocative)

> Romanian: apă vie (inherited)

desctree

→ Danish: akvavit
→ English: akvavit, aquavit

→ French: eau-de-vie (calque)
→ English: eau de vie

→ German: Aquavit

→ Icelandic: ákavíti

→ Italian: acquavite

→ Middle English: aqua vite
> English: aqua vitae, aqua vitæ (inherited)

→ Middle Irish: uisce betha (calque)

> Irish: uisce beatha (inherited)

desc

> Scottish Gaelic: uisge-beatha (inherited)

→ English: usquebaugh, whiskey

→ Scots: usquebae, whisky

→ Polish: akwawita

desctree

→ Polish: okowita (archaic)
→ Belarusian: акаві́та (akavíta)
→ Lithuanian: akavità
→ Ukrainian: окови́та (okovýta)

→? Romanian: apă vieții (calque)

[ˈäkʷä ˈu̯iːt̪äe̯]

From aqua (“water”) + vītae (“of life”).

(Medieval Latin) liquor, distilled alcohol


cicuta

la-noun

cicūta f (genitive cicūtae); first declension

cicūta (canonical feminine)
cicūtae (genitive)
cicūta (nominative singular)
cicūtae (nominative plural)
cicūtae (genitive singular)
cicūtārum (genitive plural)
cicūtae (dative singular)
cicūtīs (dative plural)
cicūtam (accusative singular)
cicūtās (accusative plural)
cicūtā (ablative singular)
cicūtīs (ablative plural)
cicūta (singular vocative)
cicūtae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cucutã

Romanian: cucută

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cicuta

Sicilian: cicuta

North-Italian:

Piedmontese: sùa

Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: acecuta

Catalan: ceguda

Gascon: cecuta, ciguda, ceguda

Old French: cëue, cegue

French: ciguë, (dialectal) çue, ceüe

Occitan: ciguda

Vivaro-Alpine: cigüa

Norman: chue, cheüe

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: cegude, cigude

Portuguese: cegude, cigude

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: kukutë

desc

→ Andalusian Arabic: جقوطة (čuqūṭa, čaqūṭa)

→ Catalan: cicuta

→ Galician: cicuta

→ Greek: κικούτα (kikoúta), κιρκούτα (kirkoúta)

→ Portuguese: cicuta

→ Russian: цику́та (cikúta)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̀кута

Latin script: kùkuta

→ Spanish: cicuta

→ Translingual: Cicuta

From the same substrate source as English kex, Cornish cegas, and Welsh cegid (“hemlock”).

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual

Cicuta virosa
Cicuta virosa#Translingual

a plant, poison hemlock, probably either Conium maculatum or Cicuta virosa

the juice of the hemlock given to prisoners as poison

a pipe or flute made from the stalks or stems of the hemlock


lema

la-noun

lēma f (genitive lēmae); first declension

lēma (canonical feminine)
lēmae (genitive)
lēma (nominative singular)
lēmae (nominative plural)
lēmae (genitive singular)
lēmārum (genitive plural)
lēmae (dative singular)
lēmīs (dative plural)
lēmam (accusative singular)
lēmās (accusative plural)
lēmā (ablative singular)
lēmīs (ablative plural)
lēma (singular vocative)
lēmae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λήμη (lḗmē).

rheum that collects in the corner of the eyes


fundo

la-verb

fundō (present infinitive fundere, perfect active fūdī, supine fūsum); third conjugation, third person-only in the passive

fundō (canonical)
third person-only in the passive (canonical)
fundere (infinitive present)
fūdī (active perfect)
fūsum (supine)
fundō (active first-person indicative present singular)
fundis (active indicative present second-person singular)
fundit (active indicative present singular third-person)
fundimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
funditis (active indicative plural present second-person)
fundunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
fundēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fundēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fundēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fundēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fundēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fundēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fundam (active first-person future indicative singular)
fundēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
fundet (active future indicative singular third-person)
fundēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
fundētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
fundent (active future indicative plural third-person)
fūdī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
fūdistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
fūdit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
fūdimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
fūdistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
fūdērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
fūdēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
fūderam (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
fūderās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
fūderat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
fūderāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
fūderātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
fūderant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
fūderō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
fūderis (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
fūderit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
fūderimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
fūderitis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
fūderint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
funditur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
funduntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
fundēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
fundēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
fundētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
fundentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
fūsum est (indicative passive perfect singular third-person)
fūsa sunt (indicative passive perfect plural third-person)
fūsum erat (indicative passive pluperfect singular third-person)
fūsa erant (indicative passive pluperfect plural third-person)
fūsum erit (future indicative passive perfect singular third-person)
fūsa erint (future indicative passive perfect plural third-person)
fundam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
fundās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
fundat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
fundāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
fundātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
fundant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
funderem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
funderēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
funderet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
funderēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
funderētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
funderent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fūderim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
fūderīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fūderit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fūderīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
fūderītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fūderint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fūdissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
fūdissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fūdisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fūdissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
fūdissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fūdissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fundātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
fundantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
funderētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
funderentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fūsum sit (passive perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fūsa sint (passive perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fūsum esset (passive pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fūsa essent (passive pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
funde (active imperative present second-person singular)
fundite (active imperative plural present second-person)
funditō (active future imperative second-person singular)
funditō (active future imperative singular third-person)
funditōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
funduntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
funditor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
funduntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
fundere (active infinitive present)
fundī (infinitive passive present)
fundēns (active participle present)
fūsūrum esse (active future infinitive)
fūsum īrī (future infinitive passive)
fūsūrus (active future participle)
fundendum (future participle passive)
fundundum (future participle passive)
fūdisse (active infinitive perfect)
fūsum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
fūsum (participle passive perfect)
fūsum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
fūsūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
fundendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
fundendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
fundendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
fundendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
fūsum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
fūsū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: fondre

French: fondre

Friulian: fondi

Italian: fondere

Old Galician-Portuguese: fondir

Sardinian: fundere

Sicilian: fùnniri

Spanish: hundir

Venetan: fóndar

→ Asturian: fundir

→ Galician: fundir

→ Portuguese: fundir

→ Spanish: fundir

→ Proto-Brythonic: *fünnɨd

Breton: fennañ

Middle Welsh: ffynny

Welsh: ffynnu

From Proto-Italic *hundō or possibly *hʷundō (with fūsus for *fussus after fūdī), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰu-né-d(H)-ti, from the root *ǵʰew-d(H)- (“to pour”), extended from *ǵʰew-.
The change h- > f- is irregular (before -u-? Weiss, Outline, p. 77f.) and could be explained by a variant *hʷundō. Cognates include Ancient Greek χέω (khéō) and Old English ġēotan.

(military) to overthrow, overcome, rout, vanquish an enemy, rout, scatter

(transitive, figuratively) to moisten, wet


lacte

la-noun

lacte n (genitive lactis); third declension

lactis (genitive)
lacte (nominative singular)
lactis (genitive singular)
lactī (dative singular)
lacte (accusative singular)
lacte (ablative singular)
lacte (singular vocative)

(archaic, Medieval Latin) Alternative form of lac (“milk”)


cochlear

cochlear n (genitive cochleāris); third declension

cochleāris (genitive)
cochlear (nominative singular)
cochleāria (nominative plural)
cochleāris (genitive singular)
cochleārium (genitive plural)
cochleārī (dative singular)
cochleāribus (dative plural)
cochlear (accusative singular)
cochleāria (accusative plural)
cochleārī (ablative singular)
cochleāribus (ablative plural)
cochlear (singular vocative)
cochleāria (plural vocative)
coclear (alternative)
cochleāre (alternative)
cocleāre (alternative)
cochleāris (alternative)
cochleārium (alternative)
cocleārium (alternative)
cocleārum (alternative)
cochl. (alternative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cucchiaio

Neapolitan: cucchiaro

Sicilian: cucchiara

→ Maltese: kuċċarina

Padanian:

Emilian: cuciar, cuciär, cucièr

→ Piedmontese: cuciar

→ Franco-Provençal: cuchâr

Ligurian: cugiâ

Lombard: cugiar

Piedmontese:

Occidental: cujé, chier

Oriental: cugé

Romagnol: cucèra, cuceara, cucèr

Venetan: cuciàro

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: culyér, culyére

Norman: quillier, quillière

Old French: cuiller, cuilliere

French: cuiller, cuillère

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: cullera, cullara, culler

Catalan: cullera

Occitan: culhièr, culhier

Auvergnat: culhèir, cuhlèira

Gascon: culhèr, culher, culhèra, culhera

Vivaro-Alpine: cuilher, cuilhera, culièra

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese:

Asturian: cuyar

Leonese: cuyar

Mirandese: colhar

Old Galician-Portuguese: cullar, collar

q

influenced by Old French <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">cuiller</i>

Galician: collar, cullar; coller, culler (influenced by Old French cuiller)

Portuguese: colher (influenced by Old French cuiller)

Kabuverdianu: kudjer

Old Spanish:

Ladino: kuchara

Spanish: cuchara

Cebuano: kutsara

Hiligaynon: kutsara

Papiamentu: kuchara

Tagalog: kutsara

Borrowings:

Basque: koilara

Esperanto: kulero

Ido: kuliero

Interlingua: coclear

[ˈkɔkʰɫ̪eär]

cochlea (“snail”, “snail-shell”) + -ar (suffix forming neuter nouns).

af

(specifically, in medicine and pharmacy) a spoonful (a measurement of dose, equal to half a cheme or ¹⁄₁₄₄ of a cotyla)


coryza

la-noun

corȳza f (genitive corȳzae); first declension

corȳza (canonical feminine)
corȳzae (genitive)
corȳza (nominative singular)
corȳzae (nominative plural)
corȳzae (genitive singular)
corȳzārum (genitive plural)
corȳzae (dative singular)
corȳzīs (dative plural)
corȳzam (accusative singular)
corȳzās (accusative plural)
corȳzā (ablative singular)
corȳzīs (ablative plural)
corȳza (singular vocative)
corȳzae (plural vocative)

[kɔˈryːz̪ːä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόρυζα (kóruza).


pruina

pruīna f (genitive pruīnae); first declension

pruīna (canonical feminine)
pruīnae (genitive)
pruīna (nominative singular)
pruīnae (nominative plural)
pruīnae (genitive singular)
pruīnārum (genitive plural)
pruīnae (dative singular)
pruīnīs (dative plural)
pruīnam (accusative singular)
pruīnās (accusative plural)
pruīnā (ablative singular)
pruīnīs (ablative plural)
pruīna (singular vocative)
pruīnae (plural vocative)

→ Esperanto: prujno

French: bruine

Galician: pruína

Italian: brina

Piedmontese: brin-a

Portuguese: pruína

Romanian: pruină

Venetan: puìna, poìna

From Proto-Indo-European *prews- (“to freeze; frost”). Cognate with prūna (“a live coal”). More at freeze.

inh

Mollis erat tellūs rōrāta māne pruīnā.

The earth was [still] soft, bedewed with morning hoarfrost.


acies

la-noun

aciēs f (genitive aciēī); fifth declension

aciēs (canonical feminine)
aciēī (genitive)
aciēs (nominative singular)
aciēs (nominative plural)
aciēī (genitive singular)
aciērum (genitive plural)
aciēī (dative singular)
aciēbus (dative plural)
aciem (accusative singular)
aciēs (accusative plural)
aciē (ablative singular)
aciēbus (ablative plural)
aciēs (singular vocative)
aciēs (plural vocative)

desc

Extremaduran: haci (merged with haci < fasces)

Old Galician-Portuguese: az

Old Spanish: azes, az

Spanish: haz (merged with haz < fasces)

Sardinian: (< *acia)

Campidanese: atza

Logudorese: atta, atha

→ English: acies

→ Italian: acie

→ Portuguese: ácie

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”). By surface analysis, aceō + -iēs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀκίς (akís, “point, pointed object”), ἀκή (akḗ, “point”) and Proto-Germanic *agjō (whence English edge).
See also word origin of ace.


gurges

la-noun

gurges m (genitive gurgitis); third declension

gurgitis (genitive)
gurges (nominative singular)
gurgitēs (nominative plural)
gurgitis (genitive singular)
gurgitum (genitive plural)
gurgitī (dative singular)
gurgitibus (dative plural)
gurgitem (accusative singular)
gurgitēs (accusative plural)
gurgite (ablative singular)
gurgitibus (ablative plural)
gurges (singular vocative)
gurgitēs (plural vocative)

→ Italian: gurgite (from the inflected form gurgitem)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *gurgus

Catalan: gorg, gorga

Middle French: gour

French: gour

→ English: gour

⇒ Galician: gorgozo

Italian: gorgo

Possibly a reduplicated form of Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”) (whence also vorō), though the exact morphology is unclear. Compare Sanskrit गर्गर (gargara, “whirlpool, eddy; water-jar; subterranean drain”), Ancient Greek γόργυρα (górgura, “underground drain; water-pot; trough”), Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck; throat”) and English craw.


cyathus

la-noun

cyathus m (genitive cyathī); second declension

cyathī (genitive)
cyathus (nominative singular)
cyathī (nominative plural)
cyathī (genitive singular)
cyathōrum (genitive plural)
cyathō (dative singular)
cyathīs (dative plural)
cyathum (accusative singular)
cyathōs (accusative plural)
cyathō (ablative singular)
cyathīs (ablative plural)
cyathe (singular vocative)
cyathī (plural vocative)

English: cyathus

[ˈkyät̪ʰʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek κύαθος (kúathos, “ladle”).

kyathos, a small wine ladle and serving beaker in ancient Greece and Rome


cuprum

cuprum n (genitive cuprī); second declension

cuprī (genitive)
cuprum (nominative singular)
cupra (nominative plural)
cuprī (genitive singular)
cuprōrum (genitive plural)
cuprō (dative singular)
cuprīs (dative plural)
cuprum (accusative singular)
cupra (accusative plural)
cuprō (ablative singular)
cuprīs (ablative plural)
cuprum (singular vocative)
cupra (plural vocative)
cyprum (alternative)

West Iberian

Asturian: cobre

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: cobre

Portuguese: cobre

Spanish: cobre

→ Basque: kobre

Catalan: coure

desc

Old French: cuivre, quivre, queivre, coivre

Bourguignon: cueuvre, cuvre

Champenois: cuevre

French: cuivre

→ Breton: kouevr

Occitan: coire

Borrowings

→ Proto-West Germanic: *kopr (see there for further descendants)

→ Malay: kuprum

→ Romanian: cupru

→⇒ English: cupro-, cupric

→⇒ Italian: cupro-, cuprico

From cyprium (“copper”), elliptical for aes Cyprium, Cyprium aes (literally “Cypriote copper”), after the large reserves of the metal found on the island of Cyprus.


minerale

la-noun

minerāle n (genitive minerālis); third declension

minerāle (canonical neuter)
minerālis (genitive)
minerāle (nominative singular)
minerālia (nominative plural)
minerālis (genitive singular)
minerālium (genitive plural)
minerālī (dative singular)
minerālibus (dative plural)
minerāle (accusative singular)
minerālia (accusative plural)
minerālī (ablative singular)
minerālibus (ablative plural)
minerāle (singular vocative)
minerālia (plural vocative)
minorale (alternative)

[mɪnɛˈräːɫ̪ɛ]

From minera, mineria (after Roman), properly minaria, minarium.


sanguino

la-verb

sanguinō (present infinitive sanguināre); first conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems

sanguinō (canonical)
no passive (canonical)
supine stems (canonical)
sanguināre (infinitive present)
sanguinō (active first-person indicative present singular)
sanguinās (active indicative present second-person singular)
sanguinat (active indicative present singular third-person)
sanguināmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
sanguinātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
sanguinant (active indicative plural present third-person)
sanguinābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sanguinābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sanguinābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sanguinābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sanguinābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sanguinābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sanguinābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
sanguinābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
sanguinābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
sanguinābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
sanguinābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
sanguinābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
sanguinem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
sanguinēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
sanguinet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
sanguinēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
sanguinētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
sanguinent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
sanguinārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sanguinārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sanguināret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sanguinārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sanguinārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sanguinārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sanguinā (active imperative present second-person singular)
sanguināte (active imperative plural present second-person)
sanguinātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
sanguinātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
sanguinātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
sanguinantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
sanguināre (active infinitive present)
sanguināns (active participle present)
sanguinandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
sanguinandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
sanguinandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
sanguinandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: sãndzinedz, sãndzinari

Romanian: sângera, sângerare

Italo-Romance:

Italian: sanguinare

Sicilian: sanguniari, sanguinari

Padanian:

Friulian: sanganâ

Piedmontese: sagné, seinar

Venetan: sanguenar

Northern Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: sagnar, sagner, sègner, ségner, sègnar, ségnar, ségnir, sagnir (most dialects)

Savoyard: sèigner, sainer

Valdôtain: séinèr, sèiner, séinar, sinnèr

French: saigner

→ Neapolitan: sagnà

→ Sicilian: sagnari

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: sagnar

Mallorquí sainar

Occitan: sagnar (all dialects)

Auvergnat: sanhar, sannhar

Gascon: sainar

Limousin: sannhar, sangar

Provençal: saunar, sonar

Vivaro-Alpine: sanhar

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: sangrar

Galician: sangrar

Portuguese: sangrar

Spanish: sangrar

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: sambenàre, sambenàri, sangunai

[ˈs̠äŋɡʷɪnoː]


calamina

la-noun

calamīna f (genitive calamīnae); first declension

calamīna (canonical feminine)
calamīnae (genitive)
calamīna (nominative singular)
calamīnae (nominative plural)
calamīnae (genitive singular)
calamīnārum (genitive plural)
calamīnae (dative singular)
calamīnīs (dative plural)
calamīnam (accusative singular)
calamīnās (accusative plural)
calamīnā (ablative singular)
calamīnīs (ablative plural)
calamīna (singular vocative)
calamīnae (plural vocative)

English: calaminaris, lapis calaminaris

French: calamine

English: calamine

Italian: calamina

Spanish: calamina

[käɫ̪äˈmiːnä]

From cadmia under influence from calamus, from Ancient Greek κᾰδμῐ́ᾱ (kădmĭ́ā), variant of Κᾰδμείᾱ (Kădmeíā), from Κάδμος (Kádmos, “Cadmus”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming related substances”). Equivalent to calamus + -īna.

(Medieval Latin, alchemy, chemistry) Synonym of cadmia, calamine


hydromel

hydromel n (genitive hydromellis); third declension

hydromellis (genitive)
hydromel (nominative singular)
hydromella (nominative plural)
hydromellis (genitive singular)
hydromellum (genitive plural)
hydromellī (dative singular)
hydromellibus (dative plural)
hydromel (accusative singular)
hydromella (accusative plural)
hydromelle (ablative singular)
hydromellibus (ablative plural)
hydromel (singular vocative)
hydromella (plural vocative)
hydromeli (alternative)

→ Catalan: hidromel

→ English: hydromel

→ Italian: idromele

[ˈhʏd̪rɔmɛɫ̪]

From hydro- (from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”)) + mel (“honey”).


alcali

(chemistry, Medieval Latin, New Latin) alkali


arginina

arginina f (genitive argininae); first declension

argininae (genitive)
arginina (nominative singular)
argininae (nominative plural)
argininae (genitive singular)
argininārum (genitive plural)
argininae (dative singular)
argininīs (dative plural)
argininam (accusative singular)
argininās (accusative plural)
argininā (ablative singular)
argininīs (ablative plural)
arginina (singular vocative)
argininae (plural vocative)


lysina

lysina f (genitive lysinae); first declension

lysinae (genitive)
lysina (nominative singular)
lysinae (nominative plural)
lysinae (genitive singular)
lysinārum (genitive plural)
lysinae (dative singular)
lysinīs (dative plural)
lysinam (accusative singular)
lysinās (accusative plural)
lysinā (ablative singular)
lysinīs (ablative plural)
lysina (singular vocative)
lysinae (plural vocative)


bilis

bīlis f (genitive bīlis); third declension

bīlis (canonical feminine)
bīlis (genitive)
bīlis (nominative singular)
bīlēs (nominative plural)
bīlis (genitive singular)
bīlium (genitive plural)
bīlī (dative singular)
bīlibus (dative plural)
bīlem (accusative singular)
bīlēs (accusative plural)
bīlīs (accusative plural)
bīlī (ablative singular)
bīlibus (ablative plural)
bīlis (singular vocative)
bīlēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: bilis

English: bile, bili-

French: bile

Romanian: bilă

Galician: bile

Irish: bili-

Italian: bile

Portuguese: bílis, bile

Spanish: bilis

From Proto-Italic *bistli-. De Vaan notes that the word is only found in Latin and Brythonic (Welsh bustl) and does not rule out a substrate borrowing for both; however, it could instead be a derivative of a preform *bid-tli-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split off, bite”), referring to the substance's bitterness. In the latter case, compare also Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”).


melina

la-noun

melina f (genitive melinae); first declension

melinae (genitive)
melina (nominative singular)
melinae (nominative plural)
melinae (genitive singular)
melinārum (genitive plural)
melinae (dative singular)
melinīs (dative plural)
melinam (accusative singular)
melinās (accusative plural)
melinā (ablative singular)
melinīs (ablative plural)
melina (singular vocative)
melinae (plural vocative)
mellina (alternative)

From melinus (“of or pertaining to honey”), from mel (“honey”).


melina

mēlīna f (genitive mēlīnae); first declension

mēlīna (canonical feminine)
mēlīnae (genitive)
mēlīna (nominative singular)
mēlīnae (nominative plural)
mēlīnae (genitive singular)
mēlīnārum (genitive plural)
mēlīnae (dative singular)
mēlīnīs (dative plural)
mēlīnam (accusative singular)
mēlīnās (accusative plural)
mēlīnā (ablative singular)
mēlīnīs (ablative plural)
mēlīna (singular vocative)
mēlīnae (plural vocative)
mellīna (alternative)

From mēlīnus (“of or pertaining to a marten”), from mēles (“marten, badger”).


astatium

astatium n (genitive astatiī); second declension

astatiī (genitive)
astatium (nominative singular)
astatia (nominative plural)
astatiī (genitive singular)
astatiōrum (genitive plural)
astatiō (dative singular)
astatiīs (dative plural)
astatium (accusative singular)
astatia (accusative plural)
astatiō (ablative singular)
astatiīs (ablative plural)
astatium (singular vocative)
astatia (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: astatium

→ Hungarian: asztácium

[äs̠ˈt̪ät̪iʊ̃ˑ]


zythum

zȳthum n (genitive zȳthī); second declension

zȳthum (canonical neuter)
zȳthī (genitive)
zȳthum (nominative singular)
zȳtha (nominative plural)
zȳthī (genitive singular)
zȳthōrum (genitive plural)
zȳthō (dative singular)
zȳthīs (dative plural)
zȳthum (accusative singular)
zȳtha (accusative plural)
zȳthō (ablative singular)
zȳthīs (ablative plural)
zȳthum (singular vocative)
zȳtha (plural vocative)

[ˈz̪yːt̪ʰʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζῦθος (zûthos).

bor+

a type of alcoholic drink associated with Egypt


carbonium

la-noun

carbōnium n (genitive carbōniī); second declension

carbōnium (canonical neuter)
carbōniī (genitive)
carbōnium (nominative singular)
carbōnia (nominative plural)
carbōniī (genitive singular)
carbōniōrum (genitive plural)
carbōniō (dative singular)
carbōniīs (dative plural)
carbōnium (accusative singular)
carbōnia (accusative plural)
carbōniō (ablative singular)
carbōniīs (ablative plural)
carbōnium (singular vocative)
carbōnia (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: carboni

→ Italian: carbonio

Derived from carbō, carbōnis (“charcoal, coal”) + -ium (chemical element suffix).


orichalcum

la-noun

orichalcum n (genitive orichalcī); second declension

orichalcī (genitive)
orichalcum (nominative singular)
orichalcī (genitive singular)
orichalcō (dative singular)
orichalcum (accusative singular)
orichalcō (ablative singular)
orichalcum (singular vocative)
aurichalcum (alternative)

→ English: orichalcum

→ French: orichalque

→ Italian: oricalco

[ɔrɪˈkʰäɫ̪kʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀρείχαλκος (oreíkhalkos).

Ipse dehinc auro squalentem alboque orichalco ./ circumdat loricam umeris, simul aptat habendo
1910 translation by Theodore C. Williams

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 12.87, (dactylic hexameter)

But he upon his kingly shoulders clasped his corselet, thick o'erlaid with blazoned gold and silvery orichalch

Tibia non ut nunc orichalco vincta tubaeque.

c. 19 BCE, Horace, Ars Poetica 202, (dactylic hexameter)

yellow copper ore, or an alloy of gold and copper


liquo

la-verb

liquō (present infinitive liquāre, perfect active liquāvī, supine liquātum); first conjugation

liquō (canonical)
liquāre (infinitive present)
liquāvī (active perfect)
liquātum (supine)
liquō (active first-person indicative present singular)
liquās (active indicative present second-person singular)
liquat (active indicative present singular third-person)
liquāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
liquātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
liquant (active indicative plural present third-person)
liquābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
liquābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
liquābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
liquābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
liquābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
liquābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
liquābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
liquābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
liquābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
liquābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
liquābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
liquābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
liquāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
liquāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
liquāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
liquāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
liquāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
liquāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
liquāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
liquāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
liquāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
liquāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
liquāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
liquāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
liquāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
liquāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
liquāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
liquāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
liquāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
liquāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
liquāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
liquor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
liquāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
liquāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
liquātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
liquāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
liquāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
liquantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
liquābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
liquābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
liquābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
liquābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
liquābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
liquābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
liquābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
liquābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
liquāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
liquābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
liquābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
liquābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
liquābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
liquābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
liquem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
liquēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
liquet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
liquēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
liquētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
liquent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
liquārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
liquārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
liquāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
liquārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
liquārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liquārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
liquāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
liquāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
liquāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
liquāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
liquāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liquāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
liquāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
liquāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
liquāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
liquāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
liquāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liquāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
liquer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
liquēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
liquēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
liquētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
liquēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
liquēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
liquentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
liquārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
liquārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
liquārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
liquārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
liquārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
liquārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
liquārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
liquā (active imperative present second-person singular)
liquāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
liquātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
liquātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
liquātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
liquantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
liquāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
liquāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
liquātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
liquātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
liquantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
liquāre (active infinitive present)
liquārī (infinitive passive present)
liquāns (active participle present)
liquātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
liquātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
liquātūrus (active future participle)
liquandus (future participle passive)
liquāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
liquātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
liquātus (participle passive perfect)
liquātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
liquātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
liquandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
liquandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
liquandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
liquandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
liquātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
liquātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Catalan: liquar

→ English: liquate

→ Italian: liquare

→ Spanish: licuar

Compounded factitive of the stative verb liqueō (“to be liquid”).


faex

la-noun

faex f (genitive faecis); third declension

faecis (genitive)
faex (nominative singular)
faecēs (nominative plural)
faecis (genitive singular)
faecum (genitive plural)
faecī (dative singular)
faecibus (dative plural)
faecem (accusative singular)
faecēs (accusative plural)
faece (ablative singular)
faecibus (ablative plural)
faex (singular vocative)
faecēs (plural vocative)
fēx (alternative)

→ French: fèces

Italian: feccia

→ Italian: feci

Portuguese: fez, fezes

Sardinian: feche, feghe, fexa, fexi

Spanish: hez, heces

desc

→ Dutch: feces (with plural: de feces zijn), fecaliën

→ English: faeces, feces, faex

→ German: Fäkalien

→ Swedish: fekalier

Unknown; possibly borrowed from a substrate language. Unrelated to Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“dregs, sediment”).

m+

(Medieval Latin, brewing) grout (the mixture of malts and other ingredients that make up the grain bill and resulting mash in the brewing process of beer)


agmen

la-noun

agmen n (genitive agminis); third declension

agminis (genitive)
agmen (nominative singular)
agmina (nominative plural)
agminis (genitive singular)
agminum (genitive plural)
agminī (dative singular)
agminibus (dative plural)
agmen (accusative singular)
agmina (accusative plural)
agmine (ablative singular)
agminibus (ablative plural)
agmen (singular vocative)
agmina (plural vocative)

From agō (“do, act”) + -men (noun-forming suffix).

suffix

“… Illī agmine certō / Lāocoönta petunt ….”
“[The sea serpents] with a steady march make straight for Laocoön ….” – Aeneas

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.212–213

(of an army) procession, march, progress, movement


cerussa

la-noun

cērussa f (genitive cērussae); first declension

cērussa (canonical feminine)
cērussae (genitive)
cērussa (nominative singular)
cērussae (nominative plural)
cērussae (genitive singular)
cērussārum (genitive plural)
cērussae (dative singular)
cērussīs (dative plural)
cērussam (accusative singular)
cērussās (accusative plural)
cērussā (ablative singular)
cērussīs (ablative plural)
cērussa (singular vocative)
cērussae (plural vocative)
cerusa (alternative)

French: céruse

English: ceruse, cerussite

→ Hungarian: ceruza

→ Slovak: ceruza

Spanish: cerusa

[keːˈrʊs̠ːä]

Uncertain, but perhaps from cera (“wax”) + -issa (“-esse”).

white lead, ceruse (particularly as used by women to whiten their skin.)


cotyle

cotylē f (genitive cotylēs); first declension

cotylē (canonical feminine)
cotylēs (genitive)
cotylē (nominative singular)
cotylae (nominative plural)
cotylēs (genitive singular)
cotylārum (genitive plural)
cotylae (dative singular)
cotylīs (dative plural)
cotylēn (accusative singular)
cotylās (accusative plural)
cotylē (ablative singular)
cotylīs (ablative plural)
cotylē (singular vocative)
cotylae (plural vocative)

English: cotyle

From Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup, half-pint”).


pituita

la-noun

pītuīta f (genitive pītuītae); first declension

pītuīta (canonical feminine)
pītuītae (genitive)
pītuīta (nominative singular)
pītuītae (nominative plural)
pītuītae (genitive singular)
pītuītārum (genitive plural)
pītuītae (dative singular)
pītuītīs (dative plural)
pītuītam (accusative singular)
pītuītās (accusative plural)
pītuītā (ablative singular)
pītuītīs (ablative plural)
pītuīta (singular vocative)
pītuītae (plural vocative)

desctree

⇒ Medieval Latin: pīpīta
Italo-Romance:
Italian: pipita
Neapolitan: pepita, ⇒ pepitula
Sicilian: pipita, ⇒ pipìtula
North-Italian:
Friulian: pivida
Gallo-Italic:
Emilian: puìda, pavìa, piuvida, puvida
Ligurian: péja
Lombard: puìda, puvida, piida, pivida
Piedmontese: pëvìa, puvìa, poìa, poìja, puìa
Romagnol: puvida, povida
Ibero-Romance:
Galician: pebida, pebide
Portuguese: pevide
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pippīta
Inherited:
Catalan: pepida, pipida
Franco-Provençal: pépia, pepi, pipi
French: pépie
Gascon: pepida, pepita
Occitan: pepida
Borrowed:
→ Middle Dutch: pippe, pip
Dutch: pip
→ Middle English: pippe
English: pip
Welsh: pip
→ Middle Low German: pip
→ Old High German: pfipfiz, pfiffiz, (Central German) pipz, *pippiz
Middle High German: phiphiz, pippis
Alemannic German: Pfiffi
German: Pips, (obsolete) Pfipfs
→ Polish: pypeć

Unknown. Has been related to *peyH- (“fat”) but not convincing. Perhaps imitative, compare ptui, πτύω (ptúō).


borium

la-noun

bōrium n (genitive bōriī); second declension

bōrium (canonical neuter)
bōriī (genitive)
bōrium (nominative singular)
bōria (nominative plural)
bōriī (genitive singular)
bōriōrum (genitive plural)
bōriō (dative singular)
bōriīs (dative plural)
bōrium (accusative singular)
bōria (accusative plural)
bōriō (ablative singular)
bōriīs (ablative plural)
bōrium (singular vocative)
bōria (plural vocative)


cadmia

cadmī̆a f (genitive cadmī̆ae); first declension

cadmī̆a (canonical feminine)
cadmī̆ae (genitive)
cadmī̆a (nominative singular)
cadmī̆ae (nominative plural)
cadmī̆ae (genitive singular)
cadmī̆ārum (genitive plural)
cadmī̆ae (dative singular)
cadmī̆īs (dative plural)
cadmī̆am (accusative singular)
cadmī̆ās (accusative plural)
cadmī̆ā (ablative singular)
cadmī̆īs (ablative plural)
cadmī̆a (singular vocative)
cadmī̆ae (plural vocative)
cadmēa (alternative)

English: cadmia

desc

Medieval Latin: calamina, calaminaris, lapis calaminaris

English: calaminaris, lapis calaminaris

French: calamine

English: calamine

From Ancient Greek κᾰδμῐ́ᾱ (kădmĭ́ā), variant of Κᾰδμείᾱ (Kădmeíā), from Κάδμος (Kádmos, “Cadmus”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming related substances”). Equivalent to Cadmus + -ia.

(alchemy, chemistry) calamine, a pink form of zinc oxide formed as a byproduct during sublimation.

(metallurgy, figuratively) dross, any furnace slag


zincum

la-noun

zincum n (genitive zincī); second declension

zincī (genitive)
zincum (nominative singular)
zinca (nominative plural)
zincī (genitive singular)
zincōrum (genitive plural)
zincō (dative singular)
zincīs (dative plural)
zincum (accusative singular)
zinca (accusative plural)
zincō (ablative singular)
zincīs (ablative plural)
zincum (singular vocative)
zinca (plural vocative)


arsenicum

arsenicum n (genitive arsenicī); second declension

arsenicī (genitive)
arsenicum (nominative singular)
arsenica (nominative plural)
arsenicī (genitive singular)
arsenicōrum (genitive plural)
arsenicō (dative singular)
arsenicīs (dative plural)
arsenicum (accusative singular)
arsenica (accusative plural)
arsenicō (ablative singular)
arsenicīs (ablative plural)
arsenicum (singular vocative)
arsenica (plural vocative)
arrenicum (alternative)

Catalan: arsènic

Galician: arsénico

Italian: arsenico

Occitan: arsenic

Portuguese: arsénico

Spanish: arsénico

→ Dutch: arsenicum

→ German: Arsen

→ Dutch: arseen

Afrikaans: arseen

→ Old French: arsenic

Middle French: arsenic

→ Middle English: arsenik

English: arsenic

→ Irish: arsanaic

[ärˈs̠ɛnɪkʊ̃ˑ]

Late/Byzantine Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón, “yellow arsenic”), borrowed through Arabic الزَرْنِيخ (az-zarnīḵ, “orpiment”) from Classical Syriac ܙܪܢܝܟܐ (zarnīḵā), from Middle Persian *zarnīk, from Old Iranian *zarniya-ka-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-.


antimonium

la-noun

antimonium n (genitive antimoniī); second declension

antimoniī (genitive)
antimonium (nominative singular)
antimonia (nominative plural)
antimoniī (genitive singular)
antimoniōrum (genitive plural)
antimoniō (dative singular)
antimoniīs (dative plural)
antimonium (accusative singular)
antimonia (accusative plural)
antimoniō (ablative singular)
antimoniīs (ablative plural)
antimonium (singular vocative)
antimonia (plural vocative)

Catalan: antimoni

French: antimoine

Galician: antimonio

Italian: antimonio

desc

Portuguese: antimónio, antimônio (Brazil)

Romanian: antimoniu

Spanish: antimonio

[än̪t̪ɪˈmɔniʊ̃ˑ]

Via Arabic إِثْمِد (ʔiṯmid) from Egyptian sdm, msdmt.


copernicium

la-noun

copernicium n (genitive coperniciī); second declension

coperniciī (genitive)
copernicium (nominative singular)
copernicia (nominative plural)
coperniciī (genitive singular)
coperniciōrum (genitive plural)
coperniciō (dative singular)
coperniciīs (dative plural)
copernicium (accusative singular)
copernicia (accusative plural)
coperniciō (ablative singular)
coperniciīs (ablative plural)
copernicium (singular vocative)
copernicia (plural vocative)


caldaria

caldāria f (genitive caldāriae); first declension

caldāria (canonical feminine)
caldāriae (genitive)
caldāria (nominative singular)
caldāriae (nominative plural)
caldāriae (genitive singular)
caldāriārum (genitive plural)
caldāriae (dative singular)
caldāriīs (dative plural)
caldāriam (accusative singular)
caldāriās (accusative plural)
caldāriā (ablative singular)
caldāriīs (ablative plural)
caldāria (singular vocative)
caldāriae (plural vocative)
caudāria (alternative)
chaudāria (alternative)
chalderia (alternative)
caldārium (alternative)
caldāre (alternative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cãldari

Megleno-Romanian: căldari

Romanian: căldare

Italo-Romance:

Italian: caldaia, caldara

desc

Sicilian: callara, caudara, cuadara, codara

North Italian:

Friulian: cjalderie

Venetan: caldera, caldiera

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: caldera

Old French: chaudiere (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: cautèra

Occitan: caudièra

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: caldeira

Portuguese: caldeira

Spanish: caldera

>? Vulgar Latin: *caldārōnem

Old French: chauderon (see there for further descendants)

Italian: calderone, caldarone

Portuguese: caldeirão

Sicilian: quadaruni, callaruni, caudaruni

Spanish: calderón

Venetan: caldiron, calieron, calderon

Borrowings:

→ Basque: galdari

→ Proto-Brythonic: *kalldọr

Middle Breton: cauter

Breton: kaoter

Cornish: kaltor

Old Welsh: calaur

Middle Welsh: callaur

Welsh: callor

Masculine forms from the variant caldārium n

Italo-Romance:

Italian: caldaio, caldaro

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: caddarzu, caddargiu, cadraxu, cradaxu

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: calder

Old French: chalder, chauder

Gascon: cautèr

Occitan: caudièr

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: caldeiru

Galician: caldeiro

Portuguese: caldeiro

Spanish: caldero

Substantivization of the feminine of caldārius (“hot water”, relational adjective). Attested in sense 1 in Marcellus Empiricus and sense 2 in the Vulgate.


cervesa

la-noun

cervēsa f (genitive cervēsae); first declension

cervēsa (canonical feminine)
cervēsae (genitive)
cervēsa (nominative singular)
cervēsae (nominative plural)
cervēsae (genitive singular)
cervēsārum (genitive plural)
cervēsae (dative singular)
cervēsīs (dative plural)
cervēsam (accusative singular)
cervēsās (accusative plural)
cervēsā (ablative singular)
cervēsīs (ablative plural)
cervēsa (singular vocative)
cervēsae (plural vocative)
cervēsia (alternative)
cerevisia (alternative)
cervisa (alternative)
cervisia (alternative)
herbisa (alternative)
cirvisa (alternative)
cerbisa (alternative)
cerbēsia (alternative)
cervica (alternative)

Italo-Romance:

>? Old Italian: cervigia

Padanian:

Friulian: cervese

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: cervesa

Occitan: cervesa

Old French: cervoise (see there for further descendants)

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: (unattested?)

Galician: cervexa

Portuguese: cerveja (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Old Spanish: cervesa, çervisa
Spanish: cerveza (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Ancient Greek: κερβησία (kerbēsía)

[t͡ʃerˈvɛːs̬ä]

From a derivative of Proto-Celtic *kurmi. First documented in Pliny.
Information on variants
By far the most common form in Classical Latin was cervēsa, and it is particularly well-represented in the Vindolanda tablets. In Late Latin it was marginalised in favour of the forms cervēsia, cervisa, cervisia. The variant vowel ⟨i⟩ for the second syllable seems to have been short, judging by the Romance outcomes, although the Italian cervigia would suggest an additional cervīsia if it is in fact native. Cf. also the Old Spanish çervisa.

Natural History (Pliny)
Vindolanda tablets
la:cervesia


cataracta

la-noun

cataracta f (genitive cataractae); first declension

cataractae (genitive)
cataracta (nominative singular)
cataractae (nominative plural)
cataractae (genitive singular)
cataractārum (genitive plural)
cataractae (dative singular)
cataractīs (dative plural)
cataractam (accusative singular)
cataractās (accusative plural)
cataractā (ablative singular)
cataractīs (ablative plural)
cataracta (singular vocative)
cataractae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: cataracta

→ Middle Dutch: cataracte

desctree

Dutch: cataract, katarakt (superseded)
Afrikaans: katarak
→ Indonesian: katarak

→ Middle English: cataract, cateract, cataracta, cataracte, catheracte, catharacte, catharacta, catterak, catarac
English: cataract
→ Cebuano: katarak
→ Marshallese: kōtrāāk
Scots: cataract (rare, obsolete)

→ French: cataracte

→ German: Katarakt

→ Portuguese: catarata

→ Spanish: catarata

[kät̪äˈräkt̪ä]

[kät̪äˈräkt̪ä]

From Ancient Greek καταρράκτης (katarrháktēs), from καταράσσω (katarássō, “pour down”).


foliatus

la-adj

foliātus (feminine foliāta, neuter foliātum); first/second-declension adjective

foliātus (canonical)
foliāta (feminine)
foliātum (neuter)

Perfect passive participle of foliō (“to beat into leaf”), used adjectivally.

[fɔlʲiˈäːt̪ʊs̠]

GOLD (Leaf). Syn. Aurum Foliatum, A. in libellis,—Lat. Gold reduced to leaves by hammering it between thin animal membrane. Its preparation constitutes the trade of the goldbeater. These leaves are only 1-282,000th of an inch in thickness. Gilt silver is hammered in the same way, but the leaves are thicker. The latter is called "party gold." Both are used by artists and gilders, and by druggists to gild pills, &c.

[1856, Arnold James Cooley, A Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts, and Collateral Information in the Arts, Manufactures, Professions, and Trades, including Medicine, Pharmacy, and Domestic Economy, 3rd edition (overall work in English), page 534:

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) (pharmacy, of a metal, such as gold) beaten into leaf


cafea

la-noun

cafēa f (genitive cafēae); first declension

cafēa (canonical feminine)
cafēae (genitive)
cafēa (nominative singular)
cafēae (nominative plural)
cafēae (genitive singular)
cafēārum (genitive plural)
cafēae (dative singular)
cafēīs (dative plural)
cafēam (accusative singular)
cafēās (accusative plural)
cafēā (ablative singular)
cafēīs (ablative plural)
cafēa (singular vocative)
cafēae (plural vocative)
cafaea (alternative)
cafaeum (alternative)
cafēum (alternative)
caffaea (alternative)
caffaeum (alternative)
caffēa (alternative)
caffēum (alternative)
coffaea (alternative)
coffaeum (alternative)
coffēa (alternative)
coffēum (alternative)


gabata

gabata f (genitive gabatae); first declension

gabatae (genitive)
gabata (nominative singular)
gabatae (nominative plural)
gabatae (genitive singular)
gabatārum (genitive plural)
gabatae (dative singular)
gabatīs (dative plural)
gabatam (accusative singular)
gabatās (accusative plural)
gabatā (ablative singular)
gabatīs (ablative plural)
gabata (singular vocative)
gabatae (plural vocative)
gā̆vata (alternative)
gabatha (alternative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gavetta
→ Spanish: gaveta

→ Galician: gabeta

→ Portuguese: gaveta

Neapolitan: gaveta

Sicilian: gavita

Gallo-Italic:

Piedmontese: gavia

Gallo-Romance:

French: jatte
→ Dutch: jat

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: gaveta

Old Occitan: gaveda

Ibero-Romance:

desc

Galician: gabido, gabedo, gabado, gábado

→ Old High German: gebiza, gebita

Middle High German: *gebse, *gebze

Alemannic German: Gebse, Gepse, Geps

Bavarian: Gebsa

Akin to the Byzantine Greek γαβάθα (gabátha) and the Hesychian γαβαθόν (gabathón). Traditionally said to be from cavus (“hollow”) according to Lewis and Short and Isidore of Seville (see below). But more likely a Semitic borrowing: compare Ugaritic 𐎖𐎁𐎓𐎚 (qbʿt, “goblet”), Hebrew קֻבַּעַת (qubbáʿaṯ, “cup, goblet”), Akkadian 𒋡𒍠 (qa.ZAG /qabūtu/, “cup”), in Emar 𒄣𒉺𒄷 (qu-ba₂-ḫu /qubbaʿu/), قُبَع (qubaʕ, “bugle, trumpet”), قُبْعَة (qubʕa, “calix of a flower”), قَعْب (qaʕb, “cup”), Phoenician 𐤒𐤁𐤏 (qbʿ, “cup, goblet”), Imperial Aramaic 𐡒𐡁𐡏𐡀 (qbʿʾ), Classical Syriac ܩܘܒܥܐ (qubbəʿā, quḇʿā, “calyx of a flower”).

cog

Trānscurrunt gabatae volantque lancēs.

c.''' 91 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 7.48.3

Sīc implet gabatās paropsidasque,

Thus he fills platters and side dishes,
and polished square saucers and hollow plates.

Gavata, quia cavāta, G prō C litterā positā. Hinc et conca; sed illa cavāta, ista concāva: sīc et Graecī haec nuncupant.

c. 600 CE – 625 CE, Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiae 20.4.11

It's called gavata because it's hollowed out, with G put instead of C. Hence conca as well; but the former is hollowed, this one is concave: thus do the Greeks also call them.

A kind of dish or platter assumed to be made out of precious material.


alluvio

la-noun

alluviō f (genitive alluviōnis); third declension

alluviō (canonical feminine)
alluviōnis (genitive)
alluviō (nominative singular)
alluviōnēs (nominative plural)
alluviōnis (genitive singular)
alluviōnum (genitive plural)
alluviōnī (dative singular)
alluviōnibus (dative plural)
alluviōnem (accusative singular)
alluviōnēs (accusative plural)
alluviōne (ablative singular)
alluviōnibus (ablative plural)
alluviō (singular vocative)
alluviōnēs (plural vocative)
adluviō (alternative)

Catalan: al·luvió

English: alluvion

French: alluvion

Italian: alluvione

Portuguese: aluvião

Romanian: aluviune

Russian: аллю́вий (alljúvij)

Spanish: aluvión

From alluō (“wash against, bathe”) + -iō, from ad (“to, towards, at”) + luō (“wash”).

(law) An addition made to land by deposition of silt or soil by water, alluvion.


aeramen

aerāmen n (genitive aerāminis); third declension

aerāmen (canonical neuter)
aerāminis (genitive)
aerāmen (nominative singular)
aerāmina (nominative plural)
aerāminis (genitive singular)
aerāminum (genitive plural)
aerāminī (dative singular)
aerāminibus (dative plural)
aerāmen (accusative singular)
aerāmina (accusative plural)
aerāmine (ablative singular)
aerāminibus (ablative plural)
aerāmen (singular vocative)
aerāmina (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance: f

Aromanian: aramã

Romanian: aramă

Italo-Romance:

Italian: rame m

Neapolitan: rama, ramma f

Sicilian: ramu, rammu m

Calabria: rami, rama f

Insular Romance: m

desc

Sardinian: ramene, ramine, arramene, arramene, rammene, arramini

North Italian: m

Friulian: ram

Romagnol: râm

Romansch: arom, irom (Sursilvan), aram (Puter)

Venetan: arame, rame, ramo

Gallo-Romance: m

Catalan: aram

Old French: arain

French: airain

Occitan: aram

Ibero-Romance: m

Navarro-Aragonese: arampne, arambre

Aragonese: arambre

Old Galician-Portuguese: [Term?]

Galician: arame

Portuguese: arame

desctree

Old Spanish: aramne, arambre, alambre
Spanish: alambre (see there for further descendants)

desc

→ Albanian: rem, rëm — Tosk, ram — archaic, dialectal

From aer- (“copper, bronze”) + -men. Attested in the Codex Theodosianus and the writings of Theodorus Priscianus.


(chiefly New Latin, pharmacy) Abbreviation of recipe, take (as an imperative).


chemicus

la-adj

chēmicus (feminine chēmica, neuter chēmicum); first/second-declension adjective

chēmicus (canonical)
chēmica (feminine)
chēmicum (neuter)
chēmicus (masculine nominative singular)
chēmica (feminine nominative singular)
chēmicum (neuter nominative singular)
chēmicī (masculine nominative singular)
chēmicae (feminine nominative plural)
chēmica (neuter nominative plural)
chēmicī (genitive masculine singular)
chēmicae (feminine genitive singular)
chēmicī (genitive neuter singular)
chēmicōrum (genitive masculine singular)
chēmicārum (feminine genitive plural)
chēmicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
chēmicō (dative masculine singular)
chēmicae (dative feminine singular)
chēmicō (dative neuter singular)
chēmicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
chēmicum (accusative masculine singular)
chēmicam (accusative feminine singular)
chēmicum (accusative neuter singular)
chēmicōs (accusative masculine singular)
chēmicās (accusative feminine plural)
chēmica (accusative neuter plural)
chēmicō (ablative masculine singular)
chēmicā (ablative feminine singular)
chēmicō (ablative neuter singular)
chēmicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
chēmice (masculine singular vocative)
chēmica (feminine singular vocative)
chēmicum (neuter singular vocative)
chēmicī (masculine singular vocative)
chēmicae (feminine plural vocative)
chēmica (neuter plural vocative)
chimicus (alternative)
chymicus (alternative)

Shortened from alchēmia (“alchemy”), from Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ), from Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā), + -icus.

der

اَلْكِيمِيَاء

Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ)


capisterium

la-noun

capistērium n (genitive capistēriī or capistērī); second declension

capistērium (canonical neuter)
capistēriī (genitive)
capistērī (genitive)
capistērium (nominative singular)
capistēria (nominative plural)
capistēriī (genitive singular)
capistērī (genitive singular)
capistēriōrum (genitive plural)
capistēriō (dative singular)
capistēriīs (dative plural)
capistērium (accusative singular)
capistēria (accusative plural)
capistēriō (ablative singular)
capistēriīs (ablative plural)
capistērium (singular vocative)
capistēria (plural vocative)
scaphistērium (alternative)

Abruzzese: capistieru, capistiera

desc

Old French: chastoire, chatoire (“beehive”)

→ Old High German: chafteri (“beehive”),

Middle High German: chafter (“beehive; little chamber, closet”)

German: Käfter (“little chamber, closet”)

→ Hungarian: kaptár (“beehive”)

Italian: capisteo (“agricultural container”)

Romanian: căpistere (“kneading trough”)

[käpɪs̠ˈt̪eːriʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek σκαφιστήριον (skaphistḗrion, “vessel used for cleaning, separating seed grain from the rest”), from σκάφος (skáphos, “ship's hull, hollow”).

bor

σκαφιστήριον