auctor

la-noun

auctor m or f (genitive auctōris, feminine auctor or auctrīx); third declension

auctōris (genitive)
auctor (feminine)
auctrīx (feminine)
auctor (nominative singular)
auctōrēs (nominative plural)
auctōris (genitive singular)
auctōrum (genitive plural)
auctōrī (dative singular)
auctōribus (dative plural)
auctōrem (accusative singular)
auctōrēs (accusative plural)
auctōre (ablative singular)
auctōribus (ablative plural)
auctor (singular vocative)
auctōrēs (plural vocative)
autor (alternative)
author (alternative)

→ German: Auctor, Autor, Author (see there for further descendants)

→ English: lamed auctoris

→ Irish: ughdar, údar

→ Italian: autore

→ Albanian: autore

→ Norman: auteu

desctree

Old French: autor, auctor, auctour, auctur, autour, autur
Middle French: autheur, aucteur, auctour, auteur, autteur
French: auteur (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle English: auctour, auctor, autor, autour, author, auther
English: author
Scots: author

Old Galician-Portuguese: autor, auctor
Galician: autor
Portuguese: autor

→ Romanian: autor

→ Spanish: autor

→ Welsh: awdur

From Proto-Italic *auktōr, cognate to Umbrian 𐌖𐌇𐌕𐌖𐌓 (uhtur). Equivalent to augeō (“to increase, nourish”) + -tor.

(figuratively) authorship, agency, encouragement


causa

la-noun

causa f (genitive causae); first declension

causae (genitive)
causa (nominative singular)
causae (nominative plural)
causae (genitive singular)
causārum (genitive plural)
causae (dative singular)
causīs (dative plural)
causam (accusative singular)
causās (accusative plural)
causā (ablative singular)
causīs (ablative plural)
causa (singular vocative)
causae (plural vocative)
caussa (alternative)

From Old Latin caussa, from Proto-Italic *kaussā, further origin unknown. Connected by some to Latin cudo (“I strike”), in the sense "strike a cause," in which the Proto-Indo-European form would be *kewh₂-ud-ʰ-t-, from *kewh₂- (“to cut, strike”). Others are skeptical of an Indo-European origin. Related to Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌅𐌔𐌀 (cavsa).

unk

unknown

qua de causa/qua de re/quam ob causam

Ille diēs prīmus lētī prīmusque malōrum
causa fuit ….
That day – a first of death, and onset of misery – it was the cause [of everything].

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.169–170

(The union of Dido and Aeneas begets tragedy.)

motive, reason, pretext, inducement, motivation


casus

la-noun

cāsus m (genitive cāsūs); fourth declension

cāsus (canonical masculine)
cāsūs (genitive)
cāsus (nominative singular)
cāsūs (nominative plural)
cāsūs (genitive singular)
cāsuum (genitive plural)
cāsuī (dative singular)
cāsibus (dative plural)
cāsum (accusative singular)
cāsūs (accusative plural)
cāsū (ablative singular)
cāsibus (ablative plural)
cāsus (singular vocative)
cāsūs (plural vocative)
cassus (alternative)

Asturian: casu

Catalan: cas

desctree

→ Dutch: casus
→ Dutch: c.q.
→ Indonesian: kasus

→ Finnish: kaasus

→ German: Kasus

Italian: caso

Occitan: cas

Neapolitan: caso

→ Old French: cas

French: cas

→ Middle English: cas
English: case
→ Irish: cás

Portuguese: caso, acaso

→ Romanian: caz

Romansch: cas

→ Russian: ка́зус (kázus)

Sicilian: casu

→ Spanish: caso

→ Cebuano: kaso

→ Ladino: kavzo

→ Tagalog: kaso

Swedish: kasus

Venetan: caxo

From cāssus with regular degemination after a long vowel, for cadō (“to fall, happen”) + -tus (“action noun suffix”), from Proto-Italic *kadō, Proto-Indo-European *ḱh₂d- (“to fall”). The grammatical sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek πτῶσις (ptôsis) (whence also calqued Old Church Slavonic падежь (padežĭ) (Russian паде́ж (padéž)), German Fall).


Gabriel

la-proper noun

Gabriēl m sg (genitive Gabriēl or Gabriēlis); indeclinable, variously declined, third declension

Gabriēl (canonical masculine singular)
variously declined (canonical)
Gabriēl (genitive)
Gabriēlis (genitive)
Gabriēl (nominative singular)
Gabriēl (genitive singular)
Gabriēlis (genitive singular)
Gabriēl (dative singular)
Gabriēlī (dative singular)
Gabriēl (accusative singular)
Gabriēlem (accusative singular)
Gabriēl (ablative singular)
Gabriēle (ablative singular)
Gabriēl (singular vocative)

→ Albanian: Gabriel

→ Catalan: Gabriel, Biel

→ Czech: Gabriel

→ Danish: Gabriel

→ Dutch: Gabriël

Afrikaans: Gabriël

→ English: Gabriel

→ Hawaiian: Kapeliela

→ Maori: Kaperiere

→ Faroese: Gabriel, Gabrial, Brialdur

desc

→ Finnish: Gabriel, Kaaperi, Kaapre, Kaaprel, Kaaprelli, Kaapo

desctree

→ French: Gabriel
→ Alemannic German: Gaabi

→ Galician: Gabriel

→ Georgian: გაბრიელი (gabrieli)

→ German: Gabriel

desc

→ Greenlandic: Kaapriale, Kapriali, Kaparialli

→ Gujarati: ગેબ્રિયલ (gebriyal)

→ Hindi: गेब्रियल (gebriyal)

→ Hungarian: Gabór, Gábriel

→ Icelandic: Gabríel

→ Irish: Gaibrial, Gaibriéil, Gaibriél

→ Italian: Gabriele

→ Japanese: ガブリエル (Gaburieru)

→ Kannada: ಗೇಬ್ರಿಯಲ್ (gēbriyal)

→ Korean: 가브리엘 (Gabeuriel)

→ Latvian: Gabriels

→ Lithuanian: Gabrielius

→ Maltese: Gabrijel

→ Norman: Gabriel

→ Norwegian: Gabriel

→ Persian: گابریل (gâbriel)

→ Polish: Gabriel

→ Portuguese: Gabriel, Biel

→ Romanian: Gabriel

→ Serbo-Croatian: Gabrijel

→ Slovak: Gabriel

→ Slovene: Gabrijel

→ Spanish: Gabriel

→ Kapampangan: Gabriel

→ Tagalog: Gabriel

→ Swedish: Gabriel, Gabrel

→ Welsh: Gabriel

[ˈɡäbrieːɫ̪]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γαβρῑήλ (Gabrīḗl), from Biblical Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל (Gaḇrīʾḗl, “God is my strong man”), from גֶּבֶר (géver, “strong man, hero”) and אֵל (ʾēl, “God”).


persona

la-noun

persōna f (genitive persōnae); first declension

persōna (canonical feminine)
persōnae (genitive)
persōna (nominative singular)
persōnae (nominative plural)
persōnae (genitive singular)
persōnārum (genitive plural)
persōnae (dative singular)
persōnīs (dative plural)
persōnam (accusative singular)
persōnās (accusative plural)
persōnā (ablative singular)
persōnīs (ablative plural)
persōna (singular vocative)
persōnae (plural vocative)

Asturian: persona

Catalan: persona

Italian: persona

Ladin: persona

Ligurian: persónn-a

desctree

Old French: persone, parsone, persoun, persoune, presonne
Middle French: personne
French: personne
Louisiana Creole: personne
Norman: pèrsonne
→ Middle English: persoun, personne
English:
parson
person
Nigerian Pidgin: pesin

Old Occitan: persona

Occitan: persona

Old Galician-Portuguese: pessõa, persõa
Galician: persoa
Portuguese: pessoa

Piedmontese: përson-a

Sicilian: pirsuna

→ English: persona
→ Japanese: ペルソナ (perusona)

→ Esperanto: persono

→ Icelandic: persóna

→ Ido: persono

→ Indonesian: persona

→ Interlingua: persona

→ Latgalian: persona

→ Latvian: persona

→ Manx: persoon

→ Middle Dutch: persone

Dutch: persoon
Afrikaans: persoon
→ Indonesian: person

→ Middle High German: persōn, persōne

German: Person

Hunsrik: Person

Luxembourgish: Persoun

desc

Yiddish: פּאַרשוין (parshoyn), פּערזאָן (perzon)

desctree

→ Old Irish: persan
Middle Irish: persa
Irish: pearsa
Scottish Gaelic: pearsa

→ Polish: persona

→ Romanian: persoană

→ Russian: персо́на (persóna)

→ Spanish: persona

→ Swedish: person

→ Welsh: person

Unknown.
Two links have been suggested:
* to Etruscan 𐌘𐌄𐌓𐌔𐌖 (φersu) (human figure appearing with a mask), which some have referred to Perseus, some to Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “mask, character”);
* to personō (“to sound through”), often by Roman writers, but notice short and long o.


poetaster

la-noun

poētaster m (genitive poētastrī); second declension

poētaster (canonical masculine)
poētastrī (genitive)
poētaster (nominative singular)
poētastrī (nominative plural)
poētastrī (genitive singular)
poētastrōrum (genitive plural)
poētastrō (dative singular)
poētastrīs (dative plural)
poētastrum (accusative singular)
poētastrōs (accusative plural)
poētastrō (ablative singular)
poētastrīs (ablative plural)
poētaster (singular vocative)
poētastrī (plural vocative)

From poēt(a) (“poet”) + -aster (“expressing incomplete resemblance”).


versus

la-noun

versus m (genitive versūs); fourth declension

versūs (genitive)
versus (nominative singular)
versūs (nominative plural)
versūs (genitive singular)
versuum (genitive plural)
versuī (dative singular)
versibus (dative plural)
versum (accusative singular)
versūs (accusative plural)
versū (ablative singular)
versibus (ablative plural)
versus (singular vocative)
versūs (plural vocative)
vorsus (alternative)

Catalan: vers

Corsican: versu

French: vers

Friulian: viers

Italian: verso

Occitan: vers

Old Galician-Portuguese: vesso

Old Spanish: viesso

Piedmontese: vers

Romanian: viers

Sardinian: bessu

→ Albanian: vjershë

→ English: verse

→ Polish: wiersz

→ Belarusian: верш (vjerš)

→ Ukrainian: вірш (virš)

→ Portuguese: verso

→ Serbo-Croatian: vȅrs/ве̏рс

→ Spanish: verso

→ Swedish: vers

→ Welsh: gwers

[ˈu̯ɛrs̠ʊs̠]

Magnum ibi numerum versuum ediscere dicuntur.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 6.14

They are said to learn by heart a great number of verses there.

(transf.) a line, row
(partic.) a line of writing, a verse


apophasis

apophasis f (genitive apophasis); third declension

apophasis (genitive)
apophasis (nominative singular)
apophasēs (nominative plural)
apophasis (genitive singular)
apophasium (genitive plural)
apophasī (dative singular)
apophasibus (dative plural)
apophasem (accusative singular)
apophasēs (accusative plural)
apophasīs (accusative plural)
apophase (ablative singular)
apophasibus (ablative plural)
apophasis (singular vocative)
apophasēs (plural vocative)

English: apophasis

French: apophase

Galician: apófase

→ Finnish: apofaasi

Portuguese: apófase

→ Russian: Апофазия (Apofazija)

[äˈpɔpʰäs̠ɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἀπόφασις (apóphasis, “denial, negation”), ἀπο- (apo-, “away, from, off”) + φάσις (phásis, “statement, proposition”) from ἀπόφημι (apóphēmi, “speak out; say no, refuse, deny”) from Attic Greek φημί (phēmí), Doric Greek φᾱμί (phāmí) from Proto-Hellenic *pʰā́mā from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂; whence via Proto-Italic *fāōr, *fāmā compare fārī, fābula, fāma, hence English fable, fame.

af

(Late Latin, logic, rhetoric) apophasis; ironically alluding to a subject matter by denying that the subject will be mentioned, embedded within a statement or rhetorical question whereby one, as it were, answers himself


climax

la-noun

clīmax f (genitive clīmacis); third declension

clīmax (canonical feminine)
clīmacis (genitive)
clīmax (nominative singular)
clīmacēs (nominative plural)
clīmacis (genitive singular)
clīmacum (genitive plural)
clīmacī (dative singular)
clīmacibus (dative plural)
clīmacem (accusative singular)
clīmacēs (accusative plural)
clīmace (ablative singular)
clīmacibus (ablative plural)
clīmax (singular vocative)
clīmacēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek κλῖμαξ (klîmax, “ladder, staircase, [rhetorical] climax”), from κλίνω (klínō, “I lean, slant”).


neutrum

la-noun

neutrum n (genitive neutrī); second declension

neutrī (genitive)
neutrum (nominative singular)
neutra (nominative plural)
neutrī (genitive singular)
neutrōrum (genitive plural)
neutrō (dative singular)
neutrīs (dative plural)
neutrum (accusative singular)
neutra (accusative plural)
neutrō (ablative singular)
neutrīs (ablative plural)
neutrum (singular vocative)
neutra (plural vocative)

→ Danish: neutrum

→ Dutch: neutrum

→ Finnish: neutri

→ French: neutre

→ German: Neutrum

desctree

→ Old Irish: neutur, neutor
Irish: neodar
Scottish Gaelic: neodar

→ Norwegian Bokmål: nøytrum

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: nøytrum

→ Portuguese: neutro

→ Swedish: neutrum

[ˈnɛu̯t̪rʊ̃ˑ]


etymologia

la-noun

etymologia f (genitive etymologiae); first declension

etymologiae (genitive)
etymologia (nominative singular)
etymologiae (nominative plural)
etymologiae (genitive singular)
etymologiārum (genitive plural)
etymologiae (dative singular)
etymologiīs (dative plural)
etymologiam (accusative singular)
etymologiās (accusative plural)
etymologiā (ablative singular)
etymologiīs (ablative plural)
etymologia (singular vocative)
etymologiae (plural vocative)
ethimologia (alternative)

Catalan: etimologia

→ Czech: etymologie f

→ Danish: etymologi

→ Dutch: etymologie

→ English: etymology

→ Finnish: etymologia

French: étymologie

Friulian: etimologjie

→ German: Etymologie

Italian: etimologia

→ Lithuanian: etimologija

→ Norwegian Bokmål: etymologi

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: etymologi

→ Polish: etymologia

Occitan: etimologia

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: етимоло́ґїа (etimológia), етѵмоло́гїѧ (etimolóhija), етимоло́ґїа (etimológia), єтимоло́ґїа (jetimológia)
Belarusian: этымало́гія (etymalóhija); этымалёгія (etymaljóhija) (Taraškievica orthography)
Carpathian Rusyn: етімоло́ґія (etimológija)
Ukrainian: етимоло́гія (etymolóhija)

Piedmontese: etimologìa

Portuguese: etimologia

Romanian: etimologie

→ Russian: этимология f (etimologija)

→ Serbo-Croatian: etimologija

→ Slovak: etymológia f

→ Slovene: etimologija

Spanish: etimología

→ Swedish: etymologi

[ɛt̪ʏmɔˈɫ̪ɔɡiä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐτυμολογία (etumología), from ἔτυμον (étumon, “true sense”), neuter of ἔτυμος (étumos, “real, true, actual”) + λόγος (lógos, “word, speech, discourse”).


litotes

la-noun

lītotēs f (genitive lītotētos); third declension

lītotēs (canonical feminine)
lītotētos (genitive)
lītotēs (nominative singular)
lītotētes (nominative plural)
lītotētos (genitive singular)
lītotētum (genitive plural)
lītotētī (dative singular)
lītotētibus (dative plural)
lītotēta (accusative singular)
lītotētas (accusative plural)
lītotēte (ablative singular)
lītotētibus (ablative plural)
lītotēs (singular vocative)
lītotētes (plural vocative)

→ English: litotes (learned)

desctree

→ French: litote (learned)
→ Russian: лито́та (litóta)
→ Spanish: litote

→ German: Litotes (learned)

→ Italian: litote (learned)

→ Polish: litotes (learned)

[ˈlʲiːt̪ɔt̪eːs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λιτότης (litótēs).

bor+

(rhetoric) litotes (rhetorical understatement)


(now uncommon) A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called accentus gravis (“grave accent”) in Latin, and found on à, è, ò.


CP

Initialism of cum privilegio, with privilege.


pluralis

la-adj

plūrālis (neuter plūrāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

plūrālis (canonical)
plūrāle (neuter)
plūrālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
plūrāle (neuter nominative singular)
plūrālēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
plūrālia (neuter nominative plural)
plūrālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
plūrālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
plūrālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
plūrālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
plūrālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
plūrāle (accusative neuter singular)
plūrālēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
plūrālīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
plūrālia (accusative neuter plural)
plūrālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
plūrālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
plūrālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
plūrāle (neuter singular vocative)
plūrālēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
plūrālia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Old French: plurel

→ Middle English: plurelle

English: plural

Scots: plural

→ German: Pluralis, Plural

[pɫ̪uːˈräːlʲɪs̠]


pluralis

la-noun

plūrālis m (genitive plūrālis); third declension

plūrālis (canonical masculine)
plūrālis (genitive)
plūrālis (nominative singular)
plūrālēs (nominative plural)
plūrālis (genitive singular)
plūrālium (genitive plural)
plūrālī (dative singular)
plūrālibus (dative plural)
plūrālem (accusative singular)
plūrālēs (accusative plural)
plūrālīs (accusative plural)
plūrāle (ablative singular)
plūrālibus (ablative plural)
plūrālis (singular vocative)
plūrālēs (plural vocative)

[pɫ̪uːˈräːlʲɪs̠]

(grammar) plural (short for numerus plūrālis)


gens

gēns f (genitive gentis); third declension

gēns (canonical feminine)
gentis (genitive)
gēns (nominative singular)
gentēs (nominative plural)
gentis (genitive singular)
gentium (genitive plural)
gentī (dative singular)
gentibus (dative plural)
gentem (accusative singular)
gentēs (accusative plural)
gentīs (accusative plural)
gente (ablative singular)
gentibus (ablative plural)
gēns (singular vocative)
gentēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: gintã (unusual)

Romanian: gint

Dalmatian:

ziant

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gente

desc

→ Sardinian: gente, genti, tzente, zente

Judeo-Italian: יֵינְטַה (yenəṭa /jenta/)

Neapolitan: gente

Sicilian: genti

W. Romance of N. Italy:

Friulian: int

Istriot: zento

Venetan: dente, xente, zente

Lombard: gent

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: gens

desctree

Old French: gent
French: gens m pl
Norman: gens m pl
Walloon: djin m pl

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: gent

Occitan: gent

Aragonese: chent

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: xente

Leonese: xente

Mirandese: giente

Old Galician-Portuguese: gente

Galician: xente

Portuguese: gente

Old Spanish: yente

Ladino: djente

Spanish: gente (latin influence)

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: gjinde

→ Basque: jende

→ Romanian: gintă

→ English: gens, ⇒ genticide

From Proto-Italic *gentis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis, from root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”).
See also generō, genus, gignō. Cognate with English kind, Sanskrit जाति (jāti), Ancient Greek γένος (génos) and Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), whence English genesis.

Roman clan (related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name and often united by certain religious rites)

(biblical, Christianity, Judaism) heathen, pagan


Isaac

Isaāc (canonical masculine singular)
Isaacus (alternative)

→ Old Irish: Isaác

Irish: Íosác

From Ancient Greek Ἰσαᾱ́κ (Isaā́k), from Biblical Hebrew יִצְחָק (Yiṣḥāq, literally “he laughs”).


orator

la-noun

ōrātor m (genitive ōrātōris, feminine ōrātrīx); third declension

ōrātor (canonical masculine)
ōrātōris (genitive)
ōrātrīx (feminine)
ōrātor (nominative singular)
ōrātōrēs (nominative plural)
ōrātōris (genitive singular)
ōrātōrum (genitive plural)
ōrātōrī (dative singular)
ōrātōribus (dative plural)
ōrātōrem (accusative singular)
ōrātōrēs (accusative plural)
ōrātōre (ablative singular)
ōrātōribus (ablative plural)
ōrātor (singular vocative)
ōrātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: orador

French: orateur

Galician: orador

Italian: oratore

Piedmontese: orator

Polish: orator

Portuguese: orador

Romanian: orator

Russian: ора́тор (orátor)

Spanish: orador

[oːˈräːt̪ɔr]

An ambassador (one entrusted with an oral message))


Samuel

la-proper noun

Samuēl m sg (genitive Samuēl or Samuēlis); indeclinable, variously declined, third declension

Samuēl (canonical masculine singular)
variously declined (canonical)
Samuēl (genitive)
Samuēlis (genitive)
Samuēl (nominative singular)
Samuēl (genitive singular)
Samuēlis (genitive singular)
Samuēl (dative singular)
Samuēlī (dative singular)
Samuēl (accusative singular)
Samuēlem (accusative singular)
Samuēl (ablative singular)
Samuēle (ablative singular)
Samuēl (singular vocative)

Italian: Samuele

[ˈs̠ämueːɫ̪]

From Ancient Greek Σαμουήλ (Samouḗl), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁמוּאֵל (šəmūʾḗl).


traductio

la-noun

trāductiō f (genitive trāductiōnis); third declension

trāductiō (canonical feminine)
trāductiōnis (genitive)
trāductiō (nominative singular)
trāductiōnēs (nominative plural)
trāductiōnis (genitive singular)
trāductiōnum (genitive plural)
trāductiōnī (dative singular)
trāductiōnibus (dative plural)
trāductiōnem (accusative singular)
trāductiōnēs (accusative plural)
trāductiōne (ablative singular)
trāductiōnibus (ablative plural)
trāductiō (singular vocative)
trāductiōnēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: traducción

Catalan: traducció

→ English: traduction

French: traduction

Galician: tradución

Italian: traduzione

Piedmontese: tradussion, tradüssiun

Portuguese: tradução

Romanian: traducție

Spanish: traducción

Literally, “leading across”, from trādūcō (“lead across”) + -tiō, from trāns (“across”) + dūcō (“lead”).


paragoge

paragōgē f (genitive paragōgēs); first declension

paragōgē (canonical feminine)
paragōgēs (genitive)
paragōgē (nominative singular)
paragōgae (nominative plural)
paragōgēs (genitive singular)
paragōgārum (genitive plural)
paragōgae (dative singular)
paragōgīs (dative plural)
paragōgēn (accusative singular)
paragōgās (accusative plural)
paragōgē (ablative singular)
paragōgīs (ablative plural)
paragōgē (singular vocative)
paragōgae (plural vocative)

[päräˈɡoːɡeː]

[päräˈɡɔːd͡ʒe]

From Ancient Greek παραγωγή (paragōgḗ, “derivation, addition”).


a fortiori

Ellipsis of ā fortiōrī ratiōne (literally “from a stronger reason”).

ellipsis

Cuius rei veritas vt magis elucescat queritur. An malefice valeant membra virilia virtute demonum vere et realiter vel solummodo prestigiosa apparitione auferre? et arguitur quod vere et realiter per argumentum a fortiori.

1486, Heinrich Kramer, “Pars prīma, Quaestiō nōna”, in Malleus maleficarum [The hammer of witches]^(https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Malleus_maleficarum_(ed._II)):

In order to make the truth of this matter clearer, it is asked whether witches can—with the help of devils—really and actually remove the virile members, or can only take them away through an illusion. And that they can really and actually do so is argued a fortiori.

(rhetoric, logic, Medieval Latin) a fortiori (as a corollary implied by a stronger claim)


Esdras

la-proper noun

Esdrās m sg (genitive Esdrae); first declension

Esdrās (canonical masculine singular)
Esdrae (genitive)
Esdrās (nominative singular)
Esdrae (genitive singular)
Esdrae (dative singular)
Esdrān (accusative singular)
Esdrā (ablative singular)
Esdrā (singular vocative)

English: Esdras

[ˈɛs̠d̪räːs̠]


Abraham

Ābrahām m (genitive Ābrahām or Ābrahae); indeclinable, variously declined, first declension

Ābrahām (canonical masculine)
variously declined (canonical)
Ābrahām (genitive)
Ābrahae (genitive)
Ābrahām (nominative singular)
Ābrahām (genitive singular)
Ābrahae (genitive singular)
Ābrahām (dative singular)
Ābrahae (dative singular)
Ābrahām (accusative singular)
Ābrahām (ablative singular)
Ābrahā (ablative singular)
Ābrahām (singular vocative)

[ˈäːbrä(ɦ)äːm]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀβραάμ (Abraám).

etymon

Ābrahām

bor+

nec ultra vocabitur nomen tuum Abram, sed appellaberis Abraham quia patrem multarum gentium constitui te.

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Genesis 17:5:


Jonathan

Ionatan (alternative)
Ionathas (alternative)

[ˈi̯ɔnät̪ʰän]

[ˈjɔːnät̪än]


agnomen

la-noun

agnōmen n (genitive agnōminis); third declension

agnōmen (canonical neuter)
agnōminis (genitive)
agnōmen (nominative singular)
agnōmina (nominative plural)
agnōminis (genitive singular)
agnōminum (genitive plural)
agnōminī (dative singular)
agnōminibus (dative plural)
agnōmen (accusative singular)
agnōmina (accusative plural)
agnōmine (ablative singular)
agnōminibus (ablative plural)
agnōmen (singular vocative)
agnōmina (plural vocative)
adgnōmen (alternative)

→ English: agnomen

→ Portuguese: agnome

→ Spanish: agnombre

From ad- (“to, towards, at”) + nōmen (“name; title”).


Maria

la-proper noun

Marīa f (genitive Marīae); first declension

Marīa (canonical feminine)
Marīae (genitive)
Marīa (nominative singular)
Marīae (nominative plural)
Marīae (genitive singular)
Marīārum (genitive plural)
Marīae (dative singular)
Marīīs (dative plural)
Marīam (accusative singular)
Marīās (accusative plural)
Marīā (ablative singular)
Marīīs (ablative plural)
Marīa (singular vocative)
Marīae (plural vocative)

Old Lombard: Maria

Lombard: Marìa

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: Maria

Italian: Maria

Sicilian: Mària, Marìa

Old French: Marie (see there for further descendants)

French: Marie

Norman: Marie

Walloon: Mareye

Old Occitan:

Catalan: Maria

Occitan: Maria

Sardinian: Maria

West Iberian

Old Leonese:

Asturian: María

Mirandese: Marie

Old Galician-Portuguese: Maria

Galician: María

Portuguese: Maria

Spanish: María

Borrowings

→ Afrikaans: Maria

→ Albanian: Mari, Mëri, Mrikë

→ Basque: Maria, Miren

→ Breton: Mari

→ Czech: Marie

→ Danish: Maria, Marie
→ Greenlandic: Maaria, Maalia

→ Dutch: Maria, Marja, Marjo

→ English: Maria

→ Estonian: Maarja, Mari, Maria

→ Faroese: Maria, Marja

→ Finnish: Maaria, Maria, Marjo, Marja
→ Northern Sami: Márjá, Máddjá

→ French: Maria

→ Georgian: მარია (maria)

→ German: Marie, Maria

→ Greenlandic: Maaria

→ Hawaiian: Malia

→ Hungarian: Mária

→ Icelandic: María

desctree

→ Irish: Máire
→ English: Maire, Moira, Maura

→ Latvian: Marija

→ Lithuanian: Marija

→ Norman: Maria

→ Norwegian: Maria, Marie

→ Old Irish: Maire

Irish: Muire

Manx: Moirrey, Voirrey

Scottish Gaelic: Moire

→ Old Saxon: Maria

→ Lower Sorbian: Marja

→ Upper Sorbian: Marja

→ Romanian: Maria

→ Scottish Gaelic: Màiri

→ Swedish: Maria, Marja

→ Welsh: Mair, Mari

→ West Frisian: Maria

From Ancient Greek Μαρίᾱ (Maríā), Μαριάμ (Mariám), from Aramaic מרים (maryām), corresponding to the Biblical Hebrew מרים (miryám).


a

From Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through Etruscan.

littera a

(sometimes with littera) the first letter of the Latin alphabet.


Verbum

la-proper noun

Verbum n sg (genitive Verbī); second declension

Verbī (genitive)
Verbum (nominative singular)
Verbī (genitive singular)
Verbō (dative singular)
Verbum (accusative singular)
Verbō (ablative singular)
Verbum (singular vocative)

From verbum, a calque of Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos).

(Ecclesiastical Latin) the Word (epithet of Christ, the Second Person of the Trinity)


Abel

Abē̆l m sg (genitive Abē̆lis or Abē̆l); indeclinable, variously declined, third declension

Abē̆l (canonical masculine singular)
variously declined (canonical)
Abē̆lis (genitive)
Abē̆l (genitive)
Abē̆l (nominative singular)
Abē̆lis (genitive singular)
Abē̆l (genitive singular)
Abē̆lī (dative singular)
Abē̆l (dative singular)
Abē̆lem (accusative singular)
Abē̆l (accusative singular)
Abē̆le (ablative singular)
Abē̆l (ablative singular)
Abē̆l (singular vocative)
Abēlus (alternative)
Habel (alternative)

→ Old English: Abel
English: Abel

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἅβελ (Hábel), itself from Biblical Hebrew הֶ֫בֶל (heḇel). The vowel, while short by etymology, is shown to be carrying stress by the descended Italian Abele and Spanish Abel.


caput

la-noun

caput n (genitive capitis); third declension

capitis (genitive)
caput (nominative singular)
capita (nominative plural)
capitis (genitive singular)
capitum (genitive plural)
capitī (dative singular)
capitibus (dative plural)
caput (accusative singular)
capita (accusative plural)
capite (ablative singular)
capitibus (ablative plural)
caput (singular vocative)
capita (plural vocative)
cap. (alternative)
c. (alternative)
capud (alternative)
capus (alternative)
cabo (alternative)

Direct reflexes:

Sardinian: cabudu, cabude, cabide

⇒ Vulgar Latin: capus (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ English: caput

→ Portuguese: caput

Reflexes of capita and, via back-formation, a new singular *capitum:

Balkans:

Aromanian: capiti, capit, capitu

Istro-Romanian: cåpete

Megleno-Romanian: capiti

Romanian: capete, capăt

Italy and environs:

Central Italian: capita, capitu, capito

Lombard: caved

Sardinian: cabida

From *capucla, feminine of *capuclum, from *caputulum:

Italian: capocchia

From *caputia:

Italian: capoccia

From Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *káput-. Cognates include German Haupt and English head.

capita rerum

(writing) A division, section, paragraph, chapter.


vox

vōx f (genitive vōcis); third declension

vōx (canonical feminine)
vōcis (genitive)
vōx (nominative singular)
vōcēs (nominative plural)
vōcis (genitive singular)
vōcum (genitive plural)
vōcī (dative singular)
vōcibus (dative plural)
vōcem (accusative singular)
vōcēs (accusative plural)
vōce (ablative singular)
vōcibus (ablative plural)
vōx (singular vocative)
vōcēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: boatsi, boatse, botsi

Asturian: voz

Catalan: veu

Corsican: boce, voce

Dalmatian: baud

→ Esperanto: voĉo

Old French: vois, voiz

Anglo-Norman: voiz, voys, voice

→ Middle English: voice, voys, vois

English: voice

Middle French: voix

French: voix

Norman: vouaix

Walloon: vwès

Istriot: boûz, vuze

Italian: voce

Neapolitan: voce

Occitan: votz

Old Galician-Portuguese: voz

Galician: voz

Portuguese: voz

Old Spanish: voz

Ladino: boz

Spanish: voz

→ Basque: boz

Piedmontese: vus

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: vôs

Romansch: vusch

Romanian: boace; → voce

desc

Sardinian: boche, voche, boghe, voghe, boxi

Sicilian: vuci

Venetan: vóxe

From Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”) (with stem vōc- for voqu- from the nominative case), an o-grade root noun of *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Cognates include Sanskrit वाच् (vā́c) and Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps).

der

speech, remark, expression, (turn of) phrase

(grammar) voice; indicating the relation of the subject of the verb to the action which the verb expresses


syllepsis

la-noun

syllēpsis f (genitive syllēpsis or syllēpseōs or syllēpsios); third declension

syllēpsis (canonical feminine)
syllēpsis (genitive)
syllēpseōs (genitive)
syllēpsios (genitive)
syllēpsis (nominative singular)
syllēpsēs (nominative plural)
syllēpseis (nominative plural)
syllēpsis (genitive singular)
syllēpseōs (genitive singular)
syllēpsios (genitive singular)
syllēpsium (genitive plural)
syllēpsī (dative singular)
syllēpsibus (dative plural)
syllēpsim (accusative singular)
syllēpsin (accusative singular)
syllēpsem (accusative singular)
syllēpsēs (accusative plural)
syllēpsīs (accusative plural)
syllēpsī (ablative singular)
syllēpse (ablative singular)
syllēpsibus (ablative plural)
syllēpsis (singular vocative)
syllēpsi (singular vocative)
syllēpsēs (plural vocative)
syllēpseis (plural vocative)

→ English: syllepsis

→ German: Syllepse, Syllepsis

→ Polish: syllepsa, syllepsis

→ Portuguese: silepse (learned)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σύλληψις (súllēpsis), from συλλαμβάνω (sullambánō).


dico

la-verb

dīcō (present infinitive dīcere, perfect active dīxī, supine dictum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative

dīcō (canonical)
irregular short imperative (canonical)
dīcere (infinitive present)
dīxī (active perfect)
dictum (supine)
dīcō (active first-person indicative present singular)
dīcis (active indicative present second-person singular)
dīcit (active indicative present singular third-person)
dīcimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
dīcitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
dīcunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
dīcēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dīcēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dīcēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dīcēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
dīcēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
dīcēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dīcam (active first-person future indicative singular)
dīcēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
dīcēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
dīcet (active future indicative singular third-person)
dīcēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
dīcēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
dīcētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
dīcent (active future indicative plural third-person)
dīxī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
dīxistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
dīxtī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
dīxit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
dīximus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
dīxistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
dīxērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
dīxēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
dīxeram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
dīxerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
dīxerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
dīxerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
dīxerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
dīxerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
dīxerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
dīxeris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
dīxerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
dīxerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
dīxeritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
dīxerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
dīxō (active first-person future sigmatic singular)
dīxis (active future second-person sigmatic singular)
dīxit (active future sigmatic singular third-person)
dīximus (active first-person future plural sigmatic)
dīxitis (active future plural second-person sigmatic)
dīxint (active future plural sigmatic third-person)
dīcor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
dīceris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
dīcere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
dīcitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
dīcimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
dīciminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
dīcuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
dīcēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
dīcēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
dīcēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
dīcēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
dīcēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
dīcēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
dīcēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
dīcar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
dīcēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
dīcēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
dīcētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
dīcēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
dīcēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
dīcentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
dīcam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
dīcās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dīcat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dīcāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dīcātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dīcant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dīcerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
dīcerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dīceret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dīcerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
dīcerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dīcerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dīxerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
dīxerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dīxerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dīxerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
dīxerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dīxerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dīxissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
dīxissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dīxisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dīxissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
dīxissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dīxissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dīxim (active aorist first-person sigmatic singular)
dīxīs (active aorist second-person sigmatic singular)
dīxīt (active aorist sigmatic singular third-person)
dīxīmus (active aorist first-person plural sigmatic)
dīxītis (active aorist plural second-person sigmatic)
dīxint (active aorist plural sigmatic third-person)
dīcar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
dīcāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
dīcāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
dīcātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
dīcāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
dīcāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
dīcantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dīcerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
dīcerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
dīcerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
dīcerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
dīcerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
dīcerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
dīcerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
dīc (active imperative present second-person singular)
dīce (active imperative present second-person singular)
dīcite (active imperative plural present second-person)
dīcitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
dīcitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
dīcitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
dīcuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
dīcere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
dīciminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
dīcitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
dīcitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
dīcuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
dīcere (active infinitive present)
dīcī (infinitive passive present)
dīcier (infinitive passive present)
dīcēns (active participle present)
dictūrum esse (active future infinitive)
dictum īrī (future infinitive passive)
dictūrus (active future participle)
dīcendus (future participle passive)
dīcundus (future participle passive)
dīxisse (active infinitive perfect)
dīxe (active infinitive perfect)
dictum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
dictus (participle passive perfect)
dictum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
dictūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
dīcendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
dīcendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
dīcendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
dīcendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
dictum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
dictū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)
deicō (alternative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: dzãc, dzãtsiri

Istro-Romanian: zic

Megleno-Romanian: zic, ziceri, zițiri

Romanian: zice, zicere

Dalmatian:

dicro, decro, dekro

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: dì

Gallurese: dì

Italian: dire

Neapolitan: dicere

Sassarese: dì

Sicilian: diri, dìciri

North Italian:

Friulian: dî

Istriot: deî

Ladin: dì, dir

Ligurian: dî

Piedmontese: dì

desc

Romansch: dir, deir (Surmiran), dür (Puter, Vallader), gir, dir (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader), deir (Surmiran), deir, dir (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Rumantsch Grischun), dür (Puter, Vallader)

Venetan: dir

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: dére

French: dire

→ Esperanto: diri

Norman: dithe (Jersey)

Walloon: dire

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: dir, dire (Northern, Alghero), diure (Alghero)

Occitan: dire, díder, díser, díguer

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: dezir, deçir, dizir

Aragonese: decir, dicir

Old Leonese:

Asturian: dicir

Extremaduran: dizil

Leonese: dicire

Mirandese: dezir, dexir

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: dizer
Galician: dicir, dizer (reintegrationist), decer
Portuguese: dizer

Old Spanish: dezir, deçir, dicer, dizer, dizir
Ladino: dezir, dizer, dizir
Spanish: decir

Borrowings:

→ English: dictum, ipse dixit

→ French: dixit

From Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti (“to show, point out”) (reformed as a thematic verb). The perfect forms are derived from Proto-Indo-European *dḗyḱst.
Cognates include Oscan 𐌃𐌄𐌝𐌊𐌖𐌌 (deíkum, “to show, point out”), Sanskrit दिशति (diśáti), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi) and Old English tǣċan (English teach).

cog

dīcitur ante ārās media inter nūmina dīvum
multa Iovem manibus supplex ōrāsse supīnīs
It is said [that King Iarbas] – before the altars, amid divine presences all around – often prostrated himself, with hands raised in supplication, to implore Jupiter.

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.204–205

dixitque Deus fiat lux et facta est lux

And God said: Be light made. And light was made.

Salūtem dīcit.

He says hi. (literally, “He says health.”)


Jud.

(biblical) Abbreviation of Jūdicēs: Jud., Judg.


diastole

la-noun

diastolē f (genitive diastolēs); first declension

diastolē (canonical feminine)
diastolēs (genitive)
diastolē (nominative singular)
diastolae (nominative plural)
diastolēs (genitive singular)
diastolārum (genitive plural)
diastolae (dative singular)
diastolīs (dative plural)
diastolēn (accusative singular)
diastolās (accusative plural)
diastolē (ablative singular)
diastolīs (ablative plural)
diastolē (singular vocative)
diastolae (plural vocative)

→ German: Diastole

[d̪iˈäs̠t̪ɔɫ̪eː]

huic contraria est diastole, dextera pars circuli ad imam litteram adposita.

late AD 4th century, Diomedes Grammaticus, Artis Grammaticae libri III 435.10–11

c. 560 CE – 636 CE, Isidorus Hispalensis 1.18.7

scriptio continua
scriptio continua#English

hypodiastole: ⟨⸒⟩ (a written mark, chiefly occurring in scriptio continua, used to distinguish homographs and to mark the division of two words liable to be mistaken for a single compound word)

Tiberius Claudius Donatus 1742.P.

Aelius Donatus, Eun. 515

Servius Honoratus, G. 3.458

the determination of the meaning of a noun by means of an epithet


produco

la-verb

prōdūcō (present infinitive prōdūcere, perfect active prōdūxī, supine prōductum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative

prōdūcō (canonical)
irregular short imperative (canonical)
prōdūcere (infinitive present)
prōdūxī (active perfect)
prōductum (supine)
prōdūcō (active first-person indicative present singular)
prōdūcis (active indicative present second-person singular)
prōdūcit (active indicative present singular third-person)
prōdūcimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
prōdūcitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
prōdūcunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
prōdūcēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
prōdūcēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
prōdūcēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
prōdūcēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
prōdūcēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
prōdūcēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
prōdūcam (active first-person future indicative singular)
prōdūcēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
prōdūcet (active future indicative singular third-person)
prōdūcēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
prōdūcētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
prōdūcent (active future indicative plural third-person)
prōdūxī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
prōdūxistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
prōdūxit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
prōdūximus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
prōdūxistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
prōdūxērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
prōdūxēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
prōdūxeram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
prōdūxerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
prōdūxerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
prōdūxerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
prōdūxerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
prōdūxerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
prōdūxerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
prōdūxeris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
prōdūxerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
prōdūxerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
prōdūxeritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
prōdūxerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
prōdūcor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
prōdūceris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
prōdūcere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
prōdūcitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
prōdūcimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
prōdūciminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
prōdūcuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
prōdūcēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
prōdūcēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
prōdūcēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
prōdūcēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
prōdūcēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
prōdūcēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
prōdūcēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
prōdūcar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
prōdūcēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
prōdūcēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
prōdūcētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
prōdūcēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
prōdūcēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
prōdūcentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
prōdūcam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
prōdūcās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūcat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
prōdūcātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
prōdūcant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
prōdūcerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūceret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
prōdūcerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prōdūcerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prōdūxerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
prōdūxerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūxerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prōdūxerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
prōdūxerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prōdūxerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prōdūxissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
prōdūxissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūxisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prōdūxissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
prōdūxissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prōdūxissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
prōdūcāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūcāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūcātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
prōdūcāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
prōdūcantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
prōdūcerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūcerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
prōdūcerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
prōdūcerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
prōdūcerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
prōdūcerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
prōdūc (active imperative present second-person singular)
prōdūce (active imperative present second-person singular)
prōdūcite (active imperative plural present second-person)
prōdūcitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
prōdūcitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
prōdūcitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
prōdūcuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
prōdūcere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
prōdūciminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
prōdūcitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
prōdūcitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
prōdūcuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
prōdūcere (active infinitive present)
prōdūcī (infinitive passive present)
prōdūcēns (active participle present)
prōductūrum esse (active future infinitive)
prōductum īrī (future infinitive passive)
prōductūrus (active future participle)
prōdūcendus (future participle passive)
prōdūcundus (future participle passive)
prōdūxisse (active infinitive perfect)
prōductum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
prōductus (participle passive perfect)
prōductum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
prōductūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
prōdūcendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
prōdūcendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
prōdūcendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
prōdūcendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
prōductum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
prōductū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Catalan: produir

→ Dutch: produceren

→ English: produce

→ French: produire

Friulian: produsi

→ Galician: producir

→ Italian: produrre

Lombard: prodù

→ Neapolitan: producere

Occitan: produire, produsir

Piedmontese: prodùe, produve

→ Portuguese: produzir

→ Romanian: produce

→ Sicilian: prudùciri

→ Spanish: producir

→ Venetan: prodùr, prodùxer

→ German: produzieren

(grammar, of pronunciation) to lengthen, prolong


membrum

la-noun

membrum n (genitive membrī); second declension

membrī (genitive)
membrum (nominative singular)
membra (nominative plural)
membrī (genitive singular)
membrōrum (genitive plural)
membrō (dative singular)
membrīs (dative plural)
membrum (accusative singular)
membra (accusative plural)
membrō (ablative singular)
membrīs (ablative plural)
membrum (singular vocative)
membra (plural vocative)

Asturian: miembru

Catalan: membre

→ Old French: membre

French: membre

→ Romanian: membru

→ Middle English: membre

English: member

→ Old Irish: membur

Middle Irish: memmur

Irish: meamar

Italian: membro

Occitan: membre

Piedmontese: menbro

Old Galician-Portuguese: nembro, membro

Galician: membro; nembro

Portuguese: membro

Romansch: member

Sardinian: membru

Spanish: miembro

→⇒ Welsh: mymryn

From Proto-Italic *memzrom, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms, *mēms-rom (“flesh”).


Solomon

la-proper noun

Solomōn m sg (genitive Solomōnis); third declension

Solomōn (canonical masculine singular)
Solomōnis (genitive)
Solomōn (nominative singular)
Solomōnis (genitive singular)
Solomōnī (dative singular)
Solomōnem (accusative singular)
Solomōne (ablative singular)
Solomōn (singular vocative)

→ English: Solomon

[ˈs̠ɔɫ̪ɔmoːn]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σολομών (Solomṓn), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁלֹמֹה (šĕlōmōʰ), from שָׁלוֹם (šālōm, “peace”).


ictus

la-noun

ictus m (genitive ictūs); fourth declension

ictūs (genitive)
ictus (nominative singular)
ictūs (nominative plural)
ictūs (genitive singular)
ictuum (genitive plural)
ictuī (dative singular)
ictibus (dative plural)
ictum (accusative singular)
ictūs (accusative plural)
ictū (ablative singular)
ictibus (ablative plural)
ictus (singular vocative)
ictūs (plural vocative)

Galician: eito, → ictus

→ English: ictus, ictal

Portuguese: eito, → icto

From ī̆cō (“to strike”) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs).


scribo

la-verb

scrībō (present infinitive scrībere, perfect active scrīpsī, supine scrīptum); third conjugation

scrībō (canonical)
scrībere (infinitive present)
scrīpsī (active perfect)
scrīptum (supine)
scrībō (active first-person indicative present singular)
scrībis (active indicative present second-person singular)
scrībit (active indicative present singular third-person)
scrībimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
scrībitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
scrībunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
scrībēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
scrībēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
scrībēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
scrībēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
scrībēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
scrībēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
scrībam (active first-person future indicative singular)
scrībēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
scrībet (active future indicative singular third-person)
scrībēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
scrībētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
scrībent (active future indicative plural third-person)
scrīpsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
scrīpsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
scrīpsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
scrīpsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
scrīpsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
scrīpsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
scrīpsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
scrīpseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
scrīpserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
scrīpserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
scrīpserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
scrīpserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
scrīpserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
scrīpserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
scrīpseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
scrīpserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
scrīpserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
scrīpseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
scrīpserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
scrībor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
scrīberis (indicative passive present second-person singular)
scrībere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
scrībitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
scrībimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
scrībiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
scrībuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
scrībēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
scrībēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
scrībēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
scrībēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
scrībēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
scrībēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
scrībēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
scrībar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
scrībēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
scrībēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
scrībētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
scrībēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
scrībēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
scrībentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
scrībam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
scrībās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
scrībat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
scrībāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
scrībātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
scrībant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
scrīberem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
scrīberēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
scrīberet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
scrīberēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
scrīberētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
scrīberent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
scrīpserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
scrīpserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
scrīpserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
scrīpserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
scrīpserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
scrīpserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
scrīpsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
scrīpsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
scrīpsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
scrīpsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
scrīpsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
scrīpsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
scrībar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
scrībāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
scrībāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
scrībātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
scrībāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
scrībāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
scrībantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
scrīberer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
scrīberēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
scrīberēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
scrīberētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
scrīberēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
scrīberēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
scrīberentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
scrībe (active imperative present second-person singular)
scrībite (active imperative plural present second-person)
scrībitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
scrībitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
scrībitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
scrībuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
scrībere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
scrībiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
scrībitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
scrībitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
scrībuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
scrībere (active infinitive present)
scrībī (infinitive passive present)
scrībēns (active participle present)
scrīptūrum esse (active future infinitive)
scrīptum īrī (future infinitive passive)
scrīptūrus (active future participle)
scrībendus (future participle passive)
scrībundus (future participle passive)
scrīpsisse (active infinitive perfect)
scrīptum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
scrīptus (participle passive perfect)
scrīptum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
scrīptūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
scrībendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
scrībendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
scrībendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
scrībendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
scrīptum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
scrīptū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: scriu

Romanian: scrie

Dalmatian:

scrivru

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: scriva

Italian: scrivere

Neapolitan: scrivere

Sicilian: scrìviri

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: iscri, iscribere, iscriere, iscriri, iscrivere, scriri

North Italian:

Friulian: scrivi

Istriot: screîvi, scrèivi

Ladin: scriver, scrì

Lombard: scrier

Romansch: scriver, screiver

Venetan: scrivar, scriver

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: escriure

Franco-Provençal: ècrire

Old French: escrivre (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: escríber

Occitan: escriure

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: escriure

Old Galician-Portuguese: escrever

Portuguese: escrever (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Proto-Germanic: *skrībaną (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Irish: scríbaid
Irish: scríobh
Manx: screeu
Scottish Gaelic: sgrìobh

Reflexes of an assumed variant *scrībīre

Aragonese: escribir, escrebir

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: escribir, escrebir

Extremaduran: escrevil

Leonese: escribire

Mirandese: screbir

Old Galician-Portuguese: escrivir

Fala: escribil

desc

Galician: escribir, escrebir, escrever (reintegrationist)

Old Spanish: escrivir

Ladino: eskrivir

Spanish: escribir, escrebir

Papiamentu: skirbi

From Proto-Italic *skreiβō (with scrīptus for *scriptus after scrīpsī), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreybʰ-. Cognates include Ancient Greek σκάριφος (skáriphos).


Lucas

la-proper noun

Lūcās m sg (genitive Lūcae); first declension

Lūcās (canonical masculine singular)
Lūcae (genitive)
Lūcās (nominative singular)
Lūcae (genitive singular)
Lūcae (dative singular)
Lūcan (accusative singular)
Lūcam (accusative singular)
Lūcā (ablative singular)
Lūcā (singular vocative)
Lūc. (alternative)

→ Aromanian: Luca (learned)

→ Catalan: Lluc (learned)

→ English: Lucas

→ French: Luc (learned)

→ Irish: Lúcás

→ German: Lukas

→ Italian: Luca (learned)

→ Portuguese: Lucas (learned)

→ Romanian: Luca (learned)

→ Spanish: Lucas (learned)

[ˈɫ̪uːkäːs̠]


volumen

la-noun

volūmen n (genitive volūminis); third declension

volūmen (canonical neuter)
volūminis (genitive)
volūmen (nominative singular)
volūmina (nominative plural)
volūminis (genitive singular)
volūminum (genitive plural)
volūminī (dative singular)
volūminibus (dative plural)
volūmen (accusative singular)
volūmina (accusative plural)
volūmine (ablative singular)
volūminibus (ablative plural)
volūmen (singular vocative)
volūmina (plural vocative)

Asturian: valume, volume

Albanian: vëllim

Catalan: volum

Danish: volumen

Galician: volume

Italian: volume

→ Old French: volume

French: volume

→ English: volume

Polish: wolumen

Serbo-Croatian: volumen

Sicilian: vulumi

Spanish: volumen

Portuguese: volume

[u̯ɔˈɫ̪uːmɛn]

For *volvimen, *volvumen, from volvō (“roll, turn about”) + -men (noun-forming suffix); hence literally "a thing that is rolled".


imago

la-noun

imāgō f (genitive imāginis); third declension

imāgō (canonical feminine)
imāginis (genitive)
imāgō (nominative singular)
imāginēs (nominative plural)
imāginis (genitive singular)
imāginum (genitive plural)
imāginī (dative singular)
imāginibus (dative plural)
imāginem (accusative singular)
imāginēs (accusative plural)
imāgine (ablative singular)
imāginibus (ablative plural)
imāgō (singular vocative)
imāginēs (plural vocative)

Anglo-Norman: ymage, image

Norman: image

Asturian: imaxe

Catalan: imatge

Dutch: imago

English: image, imago

Esperanto: imago

Old Francoprovençal: ymage, ymagena

Franco-Provençal: image, imagina

desctree

French: image
→ Franco-Provençal: émâge
→ Turkish: imaj

Italian: immagine

→ Piedmontese: imàgin, imàgine

Irish: íomhá

Occitan: imatge

Old French: image

Old Irish: ímáig

Old Galician-Portuguese: ymagen

Galician: imaxe

Portuguese: imagem

Piedmontese: image

Romanian: imagine

Scottish Gaelic: ìomhaigh

Sicilian: mmàggini

Spanish: imagen

Swedish: imago

From Proto-Italic *imā + -āgō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eym- (“to imitate”). Cognate with imitor, aemulus, Old English emn, efn (“equal, level, even”). More at even.


foedus

la-noun

foedus n (genitive foederis); third declension

foederis (genitive)
foedus (nominative singular)
foedera (nominative plural)
foederis (genitive singular)
foederum (genitive plural)
foederī (dative singular)
foederibus (dative plural)
foedus (accusative singular)
foedera (accusative plural)
foedere (ablative singular)
foederibus (ablative plural)
foedus (singular vocative)
foedera (plural vocative)

⇒ English: federal, foedus rerum

⇒ French: fédéral, fédérale

⇒ Italian: federale

⇒ Spanish: federal

⇒ Portuguese: federal

Inherited from Proto-Italic *feiðos (“faithful”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ-os, from *bʰeydʰ- (“to trust”). Same root as fīdō, fidēs, fīdus, and Proto-Germanic *bīdaną. Perhaps a corruption from an o-stem.


Lazarus

la-proper noun

Lāzarus m (genitive Lāzarī); second declension

Lāzarus (canonical masculine)
Lāzarī (genitive)
Lāzarus (nominative singular)
Lāzarī (nominative plural)
Lāzarī (genitive singular)
Lāzarōrum (genitive plural)
Lāzarō (dative singular)
Lāzarīs (dative plural)
Lāzarum (accusative singular)
Lāzarōs (accusative plural)
Lāzarō (ablative singular)
Lāzarīs (ablative plural)
Lāzare (singular vocative)
Lāzarī (plural vocative)

English: Lazarus, lazar

French: Lazare

Italian: lazzaro

[ˈɫ̪äːz̪ːärʊs̠]

From Koine Greek Λᾱ́ζᾱρος (Lā́zāros), the given name of the Biblical character found in Luke 16, from Biblical Hebrew אֶלְעָזָר (“Eleazar”), a given name shared by various figures in the Hebrew Bible and literally meaning "God has helped".


gerundium

la-noun

gerundium n (genitive gerundiī or gerundī); second declension

gerundiī (genitive)
gerundī (genitive)
gerundium (nominative singular)
gerundia (nominative plural)
gerundiī (genitive singular)
gerundī (genitive singular)
gerundiōrum (genitive plural)
gerundiō (dative singular)
gerundiīs (dative plural)
gerundium (accusative singular)
gerundia (accusative plural)
gerundiō (ablative singular)
gerundiīs (ablative plural)
gerundium (singular vocative)
gerundia (plural vocative)

Catalan: gerundi

English: gerund

Galician: xerundio

German: Gerundium

Greek: γερούνδιον (geroúndion)

Italian: gerundio

Portuguese: gerúndio

Romanian: gerunziu

Spanish: gerundio

[ɡɛˈrʊn̪d̪iʊ̃ˑ]

From gerendus (“which is to be carried out”), future passive participle (gerundive) of gerō (“carry, bear”).

(grammar) the gerund, in latin a verbal noun inflected in the accusative, genitive, dative and ablative cases used to convey different verbal meanings. Not to be confused with the gerundīvum (future passive participle).


post hoc ergo propter hoc

See post (“after”), propter (“because of”), hoc – neuter accusative of hic (“this”), and ergō (“therefore”).

(logic) after this, therefore because of this


biblia

biblia n pl (genitive bibliōrum); second declension

bibliōrum (genitive)
biblia (nominative plural)
bibliōrum (genitive plural)
bibliīs (dative plural)
biblia (accusative plural)
bibliīs (ablative plural)
biblia (plural vocative)

Alternative letter-case form of Biblia (“the Bible”)


biblia

biblia f (genitive bibliae); first declension

bibliae (genitive)
biblia (nominative singular)
bibliae (nominative plural)
bibliae (genitive singular)
bibliārum (genitive plural)
bibliae (dative singular)
bibliīs (dative plural)
bibliam (accusative singular)
bibliās (accusative plural)
bibliā (ablative singular)
bibliīs (ablative plural)
biblia (singular vocative)
bibliae (plural vocative)


epithalamium

epithalamium n (genitive epithalamiī or epithalamī); second declension

epithalamiī (genitive)
epithalamī (genitive)
epithalamium (nominative singular)
epithalamia (nominative plural)
epithalamiī (genitive singular)
epithalamī (genitive singular)
epithalamiōrum (genitive plural)
epithalamiō (dative singular)
epithalamiīs (dative plural)
epithalamium (accusative singular)
epithalamia (accusative plural)
epithalamiō (ablative singular)
epithalamiīs (ablative plural)
epithalamium (singular vocative)
epithalamia (plural vocative)
epithalamion (alternative)

→ Basque: epitalamio

→ Dutch: epithalamium

→ English: epithalamium

→ French: épithalame (learned)

→ Galician: epitalamio (learned)

→ German: Epithalamium

→ Italian: epitalamio (learned)

→ Norwegian: epitalamium

→ Polish: epitalamium

→ Portuguese: epitalâmio (learned)

→ Romanian: epitalam (learned)

→ Spanish: epitalamio (learned)

[ɛpɪt̪ʰäˈɫ̪ämiʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek ἐπιθαλάμιον (epithalámion), neuter form of Ancient Greek ἐπιθαλάμιος (epithalámios), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + θάλαμος (thálamos, “inner chamber, wedding chamber”).

der

Catullus in epithalamio: dum innupta manet, dum cara suis est

c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilian, The Orator's Education 9.3.16

Catullus [writes] in his epithalamium: While she remains unwed and so long as she remains dear to her own.


epithalamion

la-noun

epithalamion n (genitive epithalamiī); second declension

epithalamiī (genitive)
epithalamion (nominative singular)
epithalamia (nominative plural)
epithalamiī (genitive singular)
epithalamiōrum (genitive plural)
epithalamiō (dative singular)
epithalamiīs (dative plural)
epithalamion (accusative singular)
epithalamia (accusative plural)
epithalamiō (ablative singular)
epithalamiīs (ablative plural)
epithalamion (singular vocative)
epithalamia (plural vocative)
epithalamium (alternative)

[ɛpɪt̪ʰäˈɫ̪ämiɔn]

Respondebis illi tu, Stella carissime, qui epithalamion tuum, quod mihi iniunxeras, scis biduo scriptum.

You will respond to him, my dearest Stella; you know that your epithalamium, which you had tasked me with writing, has been written over the course of two days.


Ephraim

Ephrāim (canonical masculine)
Ephrāimus (alternative)
Ephraimus (alternative)

[ɛˈpʰräːɪ̃ˑ]

From the Ancient Greek Ἐφραΐμ (Ephraḯm), from the Biblical Hebrew אֶפְרַיִם (Efráyim).

Ephraim (son of Joseph, progenitor of one of the twelve tribes of Israel)


lanugo

lānūgō f (genitive lānūginis); third declension

lānūgō (canonical feminine)
lānūginis (genitive)
lānūgō (nominative singular)
lānūginēs (nominative plural)
lānūginis (genitive singular)
lānūginum (genitive plural)
lānūginī (dative singular)
lānūginibus (dative plural)
lānūginem (accusative singular)
lānūginēs (accusative plural)
lānūgine (ablative singular)
lānūginibus (ablative plural)
lānūgō (singular vocative)
lānūginēs (plural vocative)

→ English: lanugo

→ Esperanto: lanugo

→ Italian: lanugine

→ Polish: lanugo

→ Spanish: lanugo

[ɫ̪äːˈnuːɡoː]

(in the poetry of every age and in post-Augustan prose) woolly substance, the down of plants, of youthful cheeks, etc.


cognomen

cognōmen n (genitive cognōminis); third declension

cognōmen (canonical neuter)
cognōminis (genitive)
cognōmen (nominative singular)
cognōmina (nominative plural)
cognōminis (genitive singular)
cognōminum (genitive plural)
cognōminī (dative singular)
cognōminibus (dative plural)
cognōmen (accusative singular)
cognōmina (accusative plural)
cognōmine (ablative singular)
cognōminibus (ablative plural)
cognōmen (singular vocative)
cognōmina (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: cognom

→ English: cognomen

→ French: cognomen

→ Spanish: cognombre

→ Italian: cognome
→ Cimbrian: konjåm

→ Portuguese: cognome

→ Romanian: cognomen

→ Sicilian: cugnumi

→ Spanish: cognome

From con- (“together, with”) + nōmen (“name”). The g is from false association, or analogy, with cognōscō (“recognize”)


Esther

la-proper noun

Esther f sg (genitive Esthēris); third declension

Esthēr (canonical feminine)
Esther (canonical feminine singular)
Esthēris (genitive)
Esthēr (nominative singular)
Esther (nominative singular)
Esthēr (genitive singular)
Esthēris (genitive singular)
Esthēr (dative singular)
Esthērī (dative singular)
Esthēr (accusative singular)
Esthērem (accusative singular)
Esthēr (ablative singular)
Esthēre (ablative singular)
Esthēr (singular vocative)
Esther (singular vocative)
Hester (alternative)

→ Asturian: Ester

→ Catalan: Ester

→ Czech: Ester

→ Danish: Ester, Esther

→ Dutch: Esther

→ English: Ester, Esther

→ Estonian: Ester

→ Faroese: Ester

→ Finnish: Ester

→ French: Esther

→ German: Ester, Esther

→ Icelandic: Ester

→ Italian: Ester

→ Norman: Estèr

→ Norwegian: Ester, Esther

→ Occitan: Estèr

→ Polish: Estera

→ Portuguese: Ester, Esther

→ Romanian: Ester

→ Scottish Gaelic: Ester

→ Slovak: Ester, Estera

→ Spanish: Ester, Esther

→ Swedish: Ester

[ˈɛs̠t̪ʰeːr]

From Biblical Hebrew אֶסְתֵּר (ʾestēr) (possibly via Ancient Greek Ἐσθήρ (Esthḗr)), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎼 (a-s-t-r /star-/, “star”) or from עִשְׁתָּר (ʿištār, “Ishtar”). Compare Middle Persian [script needed] (stl /star/, “star”), [script needed] (stʾlk' /stārag/, “star”), Modern Persian ستاره (setâre, “star”).


punctum

la-noun

pūnctum n (genitive pūnctī); second declension

pūnctum (canonical neuter)
pūnctī (genitive)
pūnctum (nominative singular)
pūncta (nominative plural)
pūnctī (genitive singular)
pūnctōrum (genitive plural)
pūnctō (dative singular)
pūnctīs (dative plural)
pūnctum (accusative singular)
pūncta (accusative plural)
pūnctō (ablative singular)
pūnctīs (ablative plural)
pūnctum (singular vocative)
pūncta (plural vocative)

Asturian: puntu

Catalan: punt

→ Danish: punktum

→ Dutch: punt

→ English: punctum

Friulian: pont

Galician: punto

→ German: Punkt, Punktum

→ Esperanto: punkto

→ Serbo-Croatian: punkt

→ Hungarian: pont

→ Romanian: pont

Irish: ponc

Italian: punto

→ English: punto

→ Ottoman Turkish: پونطو (punto)

Turkish: punto

→ Middle Low German: punct

→ Old Norse: punktr

Danish: punkt

Norwegian Bokmål: punkt

Swedish: punkt

→ Middle Welsh: pwnc

Welsh: pwnc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: punktum

Occitan: ponch

desctree

→ Old Czech: punkt (learned)
Czech: punkt

Old French: point

→ Middle English: point

→ Middle Welsh: pwynt

Welsh: pwynt

English: point, p'int
→ Cantonese: point
→ Indonesian: poin
→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)
→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)
→ Malay: poin

Middle French: poinct

French: point

→ Danish: point

→ Dutch: punt

→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng

→ Polish: pointa

→ Swedish: poäng

→ Turkish: puan

→ Middle Irish: pointe

Irish: pointe

Norman: point

Portuguese: ponto

→ Polish: punkt (learned)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *puɨθ

Middle Welsh: pwyth

Welsh: pwyth

→ Romanian: punct

→ Russian: пункт (punkt)

Sicilian: puntu

Spanish: punto

→ Tagalog: punto

Venetan: ponto

[ˈpʊŋkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Neuter form of pūnctus, the perfect passive participle of pungō (“to prick, puncture”).

I. Pūnctum est cujus pars nūlla est.
Addendum est, situm habēns. Aliōquī et temporis īnstāns, et Anima pūnctum foret. Sit locus #92;bar#123;X#125;; sī jam quicquid est in locō #92;bar#123;X#125;, sit X, dīcētur X esse pūnctum, quāle A.

1858 [1712], Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, edited by Carl Immanuel Gerhardt and Georg Heinrich Pertz, Gesammelte Werke: Leibnizens mathematische Schriften [Collected Works: Leibniz's Mathematical Writings], volume 5, "In Euclidis πρῶτα" [About the first things of Euclid], page 183:

1. A point is that of which there is no part.
Having a position must be added. Otherwise, both an instant of time and a Soul would be a point. Let there be a locus ̄X; if anything is already in the locus ̄X, let it be X. X will be said to be a point, such as A.


modus

la-noun

modus m (genitive modī); second declension

modī (genitive)
modus (nominative singular)
modī (nominative plural)
modī (genitive singular)
modōrum (genitive plural)
modō (dative singular)
modīs (dative plural)
modum (accusative singular)
modōs (accusative plural)
modō (ablative singular)
modīs (ablative plural)
mode (singular vocative)
modī (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: mode (learned)

→ English: mode

Old French: mode

Middle French: mode

French: mode (see there for further descendants)

Romanian: mod

Friulian: mût

Galician: modo

→ German: Modus

→ Hungarian: mód

Italian: modo

→ Old Irish: mod

Irish: modh

Scottish Gaelic: modh

Portuguese: modo

Sicilian: modu

Spanish: modo

→ Welsh: modd

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *med-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *medos
Latin modus
From Proto-Italic *modos, from Proto-Indo-European *mod-ós (“measure”), from *med- (“to measure”); compare especially Ancient Greek μήδεᾰ (mḗdeă, “counsels, plans”), Old Armenian միտ (mit, “thought”). But note as the oblique cases would be expected as *moder- (e.g. gen.: moderis), thus moderor, modestus etc. Contrast mōs for the senses of manner and way.


Nathan

Nāthan (canonical masculine singular)
Nāthan (nominative singular)
Nāthan (genitive singular)
Nāthan (dative singular)
Nāthan (accusative singular)
Nāthan (ablative singular)
Nāthan (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Νάθαν (Náthan), derived from Biblical Hebrew נָתָן (Natán).


brevis

la-adj

brevis (neuter breve, comparative brevior, superlative brevissimus, adverb breviter); third-declension two-termination adjective

breve (neuter)
brevior (comparative)
brevissimus (superlative)
breviter (adverb)
brevis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
breve (neuter nominative singular)
brevēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
brevia (neuter nominative plural)
brevis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
brevium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
brevī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
brevibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
brevem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
breve (accusative neuter singular)
brevēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
brevīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
brevia (accusative neuter plural)
brevī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
brevibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
brevis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
breve (neuter singular vocative)
brevēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
brevia (neuter plural vocative)

Gallo-Italic

Ligurian: brêve

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: breve

→ Romanian: brevă

desctree

Old French: brief, bref
Middle French: brief
French: bref
→ Middle English: bref, breef, breve, brefe, breefe
English: brief, breve
Scots: brief, brieve, breef, briefe

Old Occitan: breu
Occitan: brèu

Rhaeto-Romance

Romansch: brev, breav (Sutsilvan)

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: breve

Portuguese: breve

Old Spanish:

Spanish: breve

→ Dutch: breve

→ German: Breve

→ Proto-West Germanic: *brēf (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *breɣʷis, from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus. Cognates include Ancient Greek βραχύς (brakhús), English merry, Sanskrit मुहु (muhu).


littera

la-noun

littera f (genitive litterae); first declension

litterae (genitive)
littera (nominative singular)
litterae (nominative plural)
litterae (genitive singular)
litterārum (genitive plural)
litterae (dative singular)
litterīs (dative plural)
litteram (accusative singular)
litterās (accusative plural)
litterā (ablative singular)
litterīs (ablative plural)
littera (singular vocative)
litterae (plural vocative)
lītera (alternative)

Asturian: lletra

Catalan: lletra

Dalmatian: latera

Friulian: letare, lètare

German: Letter

Italian: lettera

→ Albanian: letër

Occitan: letra

desctree

Old French: letre
French: lettre
→ Middle English: lettre, leattre, letter, lettyr
English: letter
→ Middle Dutch: lettere
Dutch: letter
Afrikaans: letter
Negerhollands: letter
→ Caribbean Javanese: lèter
→ Indonesian: leter
→ Japanese: レッテル (retteru)
→ Papiamentu: lèter, lèterchi, letter
→ Saramaccan: letè
Limburgish: lètter

Piedmontese: litra

Portuguese: letra

Romanian: literă

Romansch: letra

Sardinian: lítara, lítera

Sicilian: littra, lìttira

Spanish: letra
→ Chavacano: letra
→ Classical Nahuatl: letra
→ Tagalog: letra

Venetan: łétara, létara, létera

→ Proto-Brythonic: *llɨθer (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Irish: liter
Irish: litir
Manx: lettyr
Scottish Gaelic: litir

→ Polish: litera

→ Russian: ли́тера (lítera)

[ˈlʲɪt̪ːɛrä]

Origin unknown. Two explanations have been proposed:
* From earlier lītera, the existence of which is disputed, with lengthening of the consonant (sometimes called the littera rule), from Old Latin leitera (attested ca. 122 BC, argued by Ernout & Meillet to be a false etymological attraction to lino), from a plural form of earlier adj. *lei-tos (cf. opera from opus), related to Latin linō (“smear”) and Proto-Italic *linō (“smear”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“smear”). A variation of this is to reconstruct the PIE root as *leyt- (“to scratch”).
: However, de Vaan points out that the past participle from lino is actually litus with a short i and, lacking any other traces of *leitos, says the scenario is "morphologically unconvincing".
* Alternatively, perhaps via Etruscan [Term?] from (or related to, as if from a common source) Ancient Greek διφθέρᾱ (diphthérā, “leather; writing material”) which is claimed by Hesychius to be used to name tablets as well, of unknown ultimate origin.

der

Tam Alexidis manum amabam, quod tam prope accedebat ad similitudinem tuae litterae; non amabam, quod indicabat te non valere.

68 BCE – 44 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum 7.2

While I was liking the handwriting of Alexis for it resembled so closely a likeness to your own handwriting, I wasn't liking it for it was indicating that you were not well.

Abest historia litteris nostris.

The story is missing from our literature.

Si versus horum duorum poetarum neglegetis, magna parte litterarum carebitis.

If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.


Eridanus

la-proper noun

Ēridanus m sg (genitive Ēridanī); second declension

Ēridanus (canonical masculine singular)
Ēridanī (genitive)
Ēridanus (nominative singular)
Ēridanī (genitive singular)
Ēridanō (dative singular)
Ēridanum (accusative singular)
Ēridanō (ablative singular)
Ēridane (singular vocative)
Ēridanī (locative singular)

?Dutch: Eridanus

English: Eridanus

?Finnish: Eridanus

?French: Éridan

?Galician: Eridano

?German: Eridanus

Italian: Eridano

?Japanese: エリダヌス座 (Eridanusu-za)

?Polish: Erydan

?Russian: Эридан (Eridan)

?Spanish: Eridanus

?Turkish: Eridanus

[eːˈrɪd̪änʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἠρῐδᾰνός (Ērĭdănós).

(Greek mythology and poetry) Synonym of Padus (“the River Po”)


Eva

Ē̆va f sg (genitive Ē̆vae); first declension

Ē̆va (canonical feminine singular)
Ē̆vae (genitive)
Ē̆va (nominative singular)
Ē̆vae (genitive singular)
Ē̆vae (dative singular)
Ē̆vam (accusative singular)
Ē̆vā (ablative singular)
Ē̆va (singular vocative)
Hē̆va (alternative)
Hava (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Εὔᾱ (Eúā), from Biblical Hebrew חַוָּה (ḥawwā́). Cognate to have, avē.


Edom

→ English: Edom

Via Koine Greek Ἐδώμ (Edṓm) from Biblical Hebrew אֱדוֹם (ʾĔḏōm).

Hae sunt autem generationes Esau, ipse est Edom

And these are the generations of Esau, the same is Edom

a male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Edom; a sobriquet of Esau in the Hebrew Bible

the tribe or nation which is said to be descended from Edom; Edomites


dativus ethicus

la-noun

datīvus ēthicus m (genitive datīvī ēthicī); second declension

datīvus ēthicus (canonical masculine)
datīvī ēthicī (genitive)
datīvus ēthicus (nominative singular)
datīvī ēthicī (nominative plural)
datīvī ēthicī (genitive singular)
datīvōrum ēthicōrum (genitive plural)
datīvō ēthicō (dative singular)
datīvīs ēthicīs (dative plural)
datīvum ēthicum (accusative singular)
datīvōs ēthicōs (accusative plural)
datīvō ēthicō (ablative singular)
datīvīs ēthicīs (ablative plural)
datīve ēthice (singular vocative)
datīvī ēthicī (plural vocative)


narro

la-verb

narrō (present infinitive narrāre, perfect active narrāvī, supine narrātum); first conjugation

narrō (canonical)
narrāre (infinitive present)
narrāvī (active perfect)
narrātum (supine)
narrō (active first-person indicative present singular)
narrās (active indicative present second-person singular)
narrat (active indicative present singular third-person)
narrāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
narrātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
narrant (active indicative plural present third-person)
narrābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
narrābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
narrābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
narrābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
narrābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
narrābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
narrābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
narrābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
narrābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
narrābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
narrābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
narrābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
narrāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
narrāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
narrāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
narrāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
narrāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
narrāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
narrāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
narrāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
narrāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
narrāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
narrārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
narrāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
narrāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
narrāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
narrāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
narrārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
narrāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
narrārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
narrāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
narrārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
narrāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
narrārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
narrāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
narrārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
narrāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
narrārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
narrāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
narrāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
narrāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
narrārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
narrāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
narrārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
narrāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
narrāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
narrāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
narrārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
narror (first-person indicative passive present singular)
narrāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
narrāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
narrātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
narrāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
narrāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
narrantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
narrābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
narrābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
narrābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
narrābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
narrābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
narrābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
narrābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
narrābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
narrāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
narrābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
narrābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
narrābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
narrābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
narrābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
narrem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
narrēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
narret (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
narrēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
narrētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
narrent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
narrārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
narrārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
narrāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
narrārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
narrārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
narrārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
narrāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
narrārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
narrāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
narrārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
narrāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
narrārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
narrāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
narrārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
narrāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
narrārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
narrāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
narrārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
narrāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
narrāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
narrāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
narrāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
narrāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
narrāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
narrāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
narrāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
narrāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
narrāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
narrāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
narrāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
narrer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
narrēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
narrēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
narrētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
narrēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
narrēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
narrentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
narrārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
narrārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
narrārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
narrārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
narrārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
narrārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
narrārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
narrā (active imperative present second-person singular)
narrāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
narrātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
narrātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
narrātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
narrantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
narrāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
narrāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
narrātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
narrātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
narrantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
narrāre (active infinitive present)
narrārī (infinitive passive present)
narrāns (active participle present)
narrātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
narrātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
narrātūrus (active future participle)
narrandus (future participle passive)
narrāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
narrāsse (active infinitive perfect)
narrātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
narrātus (participle passive perfect)
narrātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
narrātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
narrandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
narrandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
narrandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
narrandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
narrātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
narrātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)
naro (alternative)

desc

Sardinian: nàrrere, narri, narai (“tell, say”)

→ Catalan: narrar

→ English: narrate

→ French: narrer

→ Galician: narrar

→ Italian: narrare

→ Portuguese: narrar

→ Romanian: nara

→ Sicilian: narrari

→ Spanish: narrar

From earlier nārō, for Proto-Italic *gnārāō (“to make known, tell”), denominal from gnārus; or less likely for Proto-Italic *gnārurāō. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). The /V:C/~/VCC/ vacillation is similar to, but probably a different phenomenon from, the so-called 'Littera Rule', as in Iūpiter > Iuppiter.


Caleb

tlb

(Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin, biblical)

→ English: Caleb

French: Caleb

Spanish: Caleb

Italian: Caleb

From Koine Greek Χάλεβ (Kháleb), from Biblical Hebrew כָּלֵב (Kālēḇ), possibly related to כֶּלֶב (keleḇ, “dog”), referring to dogs’ unconditional devotion to their masters.


grammatica

la-noun

grammatica f (genitive grammaticae); first declension

grammatica n pl (genitive grammaticōrum); second declension

grammaticae (genitive)
grammaticōrum (genitive)
grammatica (nominative singular)
grammaticae (nominative plural)
grammaticae (genitive singular)
grammaticārum (genitive plural)
grammaticae (dative singular)
grammaticīs (dative plural)
grammaticam (accusative singular)
grammaticās (accusative plural)
grammaticā (ablative singular)
grammaticīs (ablative plural)
grammatica (singular vocative)
grammaticae (plural vocative)
grammatica (nominative plural)
grammaticōrum (genitive plural)
grammaticīs (dative plural)
grammatica (accusative plural)
grammaticīs (ablative plural)
grammatica (plural vocative)
First-declension noun.
Second-declension noun (neuter)
plural only.

Lombard: grammaia (obsolete)

desc

Old French: gramaire, gamaire, gramarie, grammaire, gramoire (see there for further descendants)

Short for ars grammatica, transliteration and calque of Ancient Greek γραμματική τέχνη (grammatikḗ tékhnē, “art of letters”), from γραμματικός (grammatikós, “of letters”).

calque

γραμματική τέχνη

[ɡrämˈmät̪ɪkä]

[ɡrämˈmät̪ɪkäː]