uncus

la-noun

uncus m (genitive uncī); second declension

uncī (genitive)
uncus (nominative singular)
uncī (nominative plural)
uncī (genitive singular)
uncōrum (genitive plural)
uncō (dative singular)
uncīs (dative plural)
uncum (accusative singular)
uncōs (accusative plural)
uncō (ablative singular)
uncīs (ablative plural)
unce (singular vocative)
uncī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Uncifera

From Proto-Italic *onkos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ónkos (“hook”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ὄγκος (ónkos) and Sanskrit अङ्क (aṅká).


frons

frōns f (genitive frontis); third declension

frōns (canonical feminine)
frontis (genitive)
frōns (nominative singular)
frontēs (nominative plural)
frontis (genitive singular)
frontium (genitive plural)
frontī (dative singular)
frontibus (dative plural)
frontem (accusative singular)
frontēs (accusative plural)
frontīs (accusative plural)
fronte (ablative singular)
frontibus (ablative plural)
frōns (singular vocative)
frontēs (plural vocative)

Dalmatian: fruant

Eastern Romance:

desc

Aromanian: frãmti f, frãmte, frumti, frumte, frunti, frunte

Romanian: frunte f

Italian: fronte f

desctree

Old French: front m
French: front m (see there for further descendants)
Norman: front m
→ Dutch: front
→ Middle English: frount, ffront, ffrount, front, fronte, frounte, frountte, frownt, frownte, frunt, frunte
English: front (see there for further descendants)
Scots: front

Old Leonese:

Asturian: frente f

Old Occitan: front

Catalan: front m

Occitan: frònt m

Old Galician-Portuguese: fronte

Galician: fronte f

Portuguese: fronte f

Old Spanish: fruente f

Ladino:

Hebrew script: פ׳רינטי

Latin script: frente

Spanish: frente f (see there for further descendants)

Romagnol: frònta

Sicilian: frunti f

→ English: frons

→ Friulian: front

→ Romansch: frunt, frùnt, front

→ Sardinian: fronte, fronti, frunte

→ Spanish: frontis

→ Venetan: front

From Proto-Italic *fronts, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrónts (compare Irish braine (“prow, edge”), Old Norse brandr (“sword blade”)), from *bʰren- (“to project; edge”).

(literally):
(anatomy) the forehead, brow, front


balineum

la-noun

balineum n (genitive balineī); second declension

balineī (genitive)
balineum (nominative singular)
balinea (nominative plural)
balineī (genitive singular)
balineōrum (genitive plural)
balineō (dative singular)
balineīs (dative plural)
balineum (accusative singular)
balinea (accusative plural)
balineō (ablative singular)
balineīs (ablative plural)
balineum (singular vocative)
balinea (plural vocative)

[ˈbälʲɪneʊ̃ˑ]

[bäˈlʲɪneʊ̃ˑ]

From earlier *balaneum, a borrowing from Ancient Greek βαλανεῖον (balaneîon), which displays vowel reduction of a to i.

Plautine and later archaic form of balneum.


balneum

balneum, balneae n sg (variously declined, genitive balneī, balneārum); second declension, first declension

balneum (canonical)
balneae (canonical neuter singular)
balneī (genitive)
balneārum (genitive)
balneum (nominative singular)
balneae (nominative plural)
balneī (genitive singular)
balneārum (genitive plural)
balneō (dative singular)
balneīs (dative plural)
balneum (accusative singular)
balneās (accusative plural)
balneō (ablative singular)
balneīs (ablative plural)
balneum (singular vocative)
balneae (plural vocative)
Second-declension noun (neuter)
first-declension noun.
balneum (nominative singular)
balnea (nominative plural)
balneī (genitive singular)
balneōrum (genitive plural)
balneō (dative singular)
balneīs (dative plural)
balneum (accusative singular)
balnea (accusative plural)
balneō (ablative singular)
balneīs (ablative plural)
balneum (singular vocative)
balnea (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: bagnu

Italian: bagno (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: vagnu

Padanian:

Friulian: bagn

Lombard: bagne

Romansch: bogn

Venetan: bagno

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: bany

Occitan: banh

Old French: bain

French: bain

Walloon: bagn

→ Middle English: bain

English: bain

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: bañu

Old Galician-Portuguese: banno

Galician: baño

Portuguese: banho

desctree

Old Spanish: banno
Ladino: banyo
Spanish: baño

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: banjë

→ Proto-Slavic: *baňa (see there for further descendants)

[ˈbäɫ̪neʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek βαλανεῖον (balaneîon), apparently borrowed early enough for unstressed reduction of the second /a/ to /ĭ/ and then syncope.

[…] discus crepuit, id est pater meus in balneum transisse nuntiatus est.

, Another Letter from Young M. Aurelius to Fronto, quoted in 1879 by Cruttwell and Banton (editors) in Specimens of Roman Literature: Passages Illustrative of Roman Thought and Style, section 188, page 599

The gong rang, it is announced that my father is going to the bath.


varix

la-noun

varix m or f (genitive varicis); third declension

varicis (genitive)
varix (nominative singular)
varicēs (nominative plural)
varicis (genitive singular)
varicum (genitive plural)
varicī (dative singular)
varicibus (dative plural)
varicem (accusative singular)
varicēs (accusative plural)
varice (ablative singular)
varicibus (ablative plural)
varix (singular vocative)
varicēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: variu, variça

French: varice

Galician: variz

Italian: varice

Portuguese: variz

Spanish: variz, várice, varice

From Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“highland, high”). See also varus, Old Church Slavonic врьхъ (vrĭxŭ, “top, peak”), Ancient Greek ἕρμα (hérma, “reef, rock, hill”) and Lithuanian viršus (“top”).


calvaria

la-noun

calvāria f (genitive calvāriae); first declension

calvāria (canonical feminine)
calvāriae (genitive)
calvāria (nominative singular)
calvāriae (nominative plural)
calvāriae (genitive singular)
calvāriārum (genitive plural)
calvāriae (dative singular)
calvāriīs (dative plural)
calvāriam (accusative singular)
calvāriās (accusative plural)
calvāriā (ablative singular)
calvāriīs (ablative plural)
calvāria (singular vocative)
calvāriae (plural vocative)

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: calavera, canavera

Gascon: calavera

Ibero-Romance:

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: caaveira
Galician: caveira
Portuguese: caveira

Spanish: calavera

Derived forms:

⇒ Ecclesiastical Latin: calvārium

→ Catalan: calvari

→ English: Calvary

→ Italian: calvario

→ Occitan: calbari

→ Old French: cauvaire

French: calvaire (partly relatinized)

Norman: calvet

→ Spanish: calvario

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *calvāriō, calvāriōnem

desc

⇒ Franco-Provençal: tsarvayrõ (“flat stone”), ϑarvẹrõ (toponym)

Direct borrowings:

→ English: calvaria

[käɫ̪ˈu̯äːriä]

From calvus (“bald”) + -āria (noun-forming suffix).


ventriculus

la-noun

ventriculus m (genitive ventriculī); second declension

ventriculī (genitive)
ventriculus (nominative singular)
ventriculī (nominative plural)
ventriculī (genitive singular)
ventriculōrum (genitive plural)
ventriculō (dative singular)
ventriculīs (dative plural)
ventriculum (accusative singular)
ventriculōs (accusative plural)
ventriculō (ablative singular)
ventriculīs (ablative plural)
ventricule (singular vocative)
ventriculī (plural vocative)

Asturian: banduyu

desctree

→ French: ventricule
→ Romanian: ventricul

Italian: ventricchio, → ventricolo

→ Middle English:

English: ventricle

Old French: ventroil

Old Occitan: ventrilh, ventrelh

→ Italian: ventriglio

Portuguese: bandulho, → ventrículo

Spanish: bandrullo, → ventrículo

[u̯ɛn̪ˈt̪rɪkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

(transferred sense, anatomy)
the stomach

(transferred sense, anatomy)
a ventricle of the heart

(transferred sense, anatomy)
a ventricle of the brain


pilus

la-noun

pilus m (genitive pilī); second declension

pilī (genitive)
pilus (nominative singular)
pilī (nominative plural)
pilī (genitive singular)
pilōrum (genitive plural)
pilō (dative singular)
pilīs (dative plural)
pilum (accusative singular)
pilōs (accusative plural)
pilō (ablative singular)
pilīs (ablative plural)
pile (singular vocative)
pilī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: per

Megleno-Romanian: per

Istro-Romanian: per

Romanian: păr

Dalmatian:

pail

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pelo

Neapolitan: pilo

Sicilian: pilu

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pilu, piu

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: pèil, päil, pel

Ligurian: pèi

Lombard: pel, pil

Piedmontese: pèil, pèi

Romagnol: pél, päil

Friulian: pêl

Romansch: pail, peil, pel

Venetan: péło

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pêl

Old French: peil, poil

French: poil ⇒ pelage

→ English: pelage

Norman: pé

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: pèl

Occitan: pel

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: pelu, pelo

desc

Old Galician-Portuguese: pelo (/l/ likely kept by analogy with cabelo)

Galician: pelo

Portuguese: pelo

Spanish: pelo

Borrowings:

→ English: pile (fine underfur of certain animals)

→ Ido: pilo

Uncertain. Older sources reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”), with Latin pilleus (“felt cap”), Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”), Proto-Slavic *pьlstь (“felt”) as cognates, but this is no longer accepted.


puerperium

la-noun

puerperium n (genitive puerperiī or puerperī); second declension

puerperiī (genitive)
puerperī (genitive)
puerperium (nominative singular)
puerperia (nominative plural)
puerperiī (genitive singular)
puerperī (genitive singular)
puerperiōrum (genitive plural)
puerperiō (dative singular)
puerperiīs (dative plural)
puerperium (accusative singular)
puerperia (accusative plural)
puerperiō (ablative singular)
puerperiīs (ablative plural)
puerperium (singular vocative)
puerperia (plural vocative)

→ Italian: puerperio

→ English: puerperium

From puerpera (“woman in labor or childbed”) + -ium (nominal suffix).

af

puerperiō cubāre

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia

childbirth, delivery, childbed, confinement, lying-in


prostata

la-noun

prostata f (genitive prostatae); first declension

prostatae (genitive)
prostata (nominative singular)
prostatae (nominative plural)
prostatae (genitive singular)
prostatārum (genitive plural)
prostatae (dative singular)
prostatīs (dative plural)
prostatam (accusative singular)
prostatās (accusative plural)
prostatā (ablative singular)
prostatīs (ablative plural)
prostata (singular vocative)
prostatae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: pròstata (learned)

→ Czech: prostata

→ Dutch: prostaat

→ Finnish: prostata

→ Middle French: prostate (learned)

→ English: prostate

desctree

French: prostate
→ Persian: پروستات (porostât)
→ Polish: prostata
→ Turkish: prostat

→ German: Prostata

→ Interlingua: prostata

→ Italian: prostata (learned)
→ Maltese: prostata

→ Lithuanian: prostata

→ Norwegian Bokmål: prostata

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: prostata

→ Portuguese: próstata (learned)

→ Serbo-Croatian: pròstata

→ Slovak: prostata

→ Slovene: prostata

→ Spanish: próstata

→ Swedish: prostata

[ˈprɔs̠t̪ät̪ä]

From Ancient Greek προστάτης (prostátēs, “one standing before, protector”), from πρό (pró, “before”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”).


dysenteria

la-noun

dysenteria f (genitive dysenteriae); first declension

dysenteriae (genitive)
dysenteria (nominative singular)
dysenteriae (nominative plural)
dysenteriae (genitive singular)
dysenteriārum (genitive plural)
dysenteriae (dative singular)
dysenteriīs (dative plural)
dysenteriam (accusative singular)
dysenteriās (accusative plural)
dysenteriā (ablative singular)
dysenteriīs (ablative plural)
dysenteria (singular vocative)
dysenteriae (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: desinteria
Galician: disentería
Portuguese: disenteria

[d̪ʏs̠ɛn̪ˈt̪ɛriä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δυσεντερία (dusentería), from δυσ- (dus-, “bad”) + ἔντερα (éntera, “bowels”).


gremium

la-noun

gremium n (genitive gremiī or gremī); second declension

gremiī (genitive)
gremī (genitive)
gremium (nominative singular)
gremia (nominative plural)
gremiī (genitive singular)
gremī (genitive singular)
gremiōrum (genitive plural)
gremiō (dative singular)
gremiīs (dative plural)
gremium (accusative singular)
gremia (accusative plural)
gremiō (ablative singular)
gremiīs (ablative plural)
gremium (singular vocative)
gremia (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: gremi (learned)

→ Dutch: gremium

→ German: Gremium

→ Italian: gremio, grembo, gregna

→ Polish: gremium

→ Sicilian: gregna

→ Portuguese: grémio, grêmio

→ Spanish: gremio

→ Italian: gremio

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂grom-. Compare grex, grego.


cyclopia

cyclōpia f (genitive cyclōpiae); first declension

cyclōpia (canonical feminine)
cyclōpiae (genitive)
cyclōpia (nominative singular)
cyclōpiae (nominative plural)
cyclōpiae (genitive singular)
cyclōpiārum (genitive plural)
cyclōpiae (dative singular)
cyclōpiīs (dative plural)
cyclōpiam (accusative singular)
cyclōpiās (accusative plural)
cyclōpiā (ablative singular)
cyclōpiīs (ablative plural)
cyclōpia (singular vocative)
cyclōpiae (plural vocative)


scorbutus

scorbūtus m (genitive scorbūtī); second declension

scorbūtus (canonical masculine)
scorbūtī (genitive)
scorbūtus (nominative singular)
scorbūtī (nominative plural)
scorbūtī (genitive singular)
scorbūtōrum (genitive plural)
scorbūtō (dative singular)
scorbūtīs (dative plural)
scorbūtum (accusative singular)
scorbūtōs (accusative plural)
scorbūtō (ablative singular)
scorbūtīs (ablative plural)
scorbūte (singular vocative)
scorbūtī (plural vocative)


-osis

-ōsis (canonical feminine)
-ōsis (genitive)
-ōsis (nominative singular)
-ōsēs (nominative plural)
-ōseos (genitive singular)
-ōsis (genitive singular)
-ōseōn (genitive plural)
-ōsi (dative singular)
-ōsesin (dative plural)
-ōsibus (dative plural)
-ōsin (accusative singular)
-ōsim (accusative singular)
-ōseis (accusative plural)
-ōsi (ablative singular)
-ōsesin (ablative plural)
-ōsibus (ablative plural)
-ōsis (singular vocative)
-ōsēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis, “state, abnormal condition, or action”), from -όω (-óō) stem verbs + -σις (-sis). This suffix was already found in Classical Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek (e.g. metamorphōsis, from Ancient Greek μεταμόρφωσις (metamórphōsis), itself from μετᾰμορφόω (metamorphóō) + -σῐς (-sis)).

der

tūberculum (“tubercle”) + -ōsis → tūberculōsis (“tuberculosis”)


crista

en:Latin profanity#Synonyms and metaphors

la-noun

crista f (genitive cristae); first declension

cristae (genitive)
crista (nominative singular)
cristae (nominative plural)
cristae (genitive singular)
cristārum (genitive plural)
cristae (dative singular)
cristīs (dative plural)
cristam (accusative singular)
cristās (accusative plural)
cristā (ablative singular)
cristīs (ablative plural)
crista (singular vocative)
cristae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: creastã

Megleno-Romanian: creastă

Romanian: creastă

Italian: cresta

→ Old English: cræsta

Old French: creste

French: crête

Walloon: cresse

→ Middle English: creste

English: crest

Scots: creest, crest

Old Occitan:

Catalan: cresta

Occitan: cresta

Old Galician-Portuguese: crista, cresta

Galician: crista

Portuguese: crista

Old Spanish:

Spanish: cresta

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: creste

Romansch: cresta

Sicilian: crista

Venetan: gresta

→ Albanian: kreshtë

→ English: crista

→ Spanish: crista

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with crinis (“hair”), crispus (“curly”). Compare Ancient Greek κόρση (kórsē, “temple (anatomy)”).


saeta

la-noun

saeta f (genitive saetae); first declension

saetae (genitive)
saeta (nominative singular)
saetae (nominative plural)
saetae (genitive singular)
saetārum (genitive plural)
saetae (dative singular)
saetīs (dative plural)
saetam (accusative singular)
saetās (accusative plural)
saetā (ablative singular)
saetīs (ablative plural)
saeta (singular vocative)
saetae (plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

saita

Italo-Romance:

Central Italian: seta, sete, seda

Corsican: sita

Italian: seta

Neapolitan: seta, sèita

Sicilian: sita

Padanian:

Emilian: seda, sèida

Friulian: sede

Ligurian: sæa, sèe, sèje, sè

Lombard: seda, sida

→ Piedmontese: seda, sèida (“silk”)

Piedmontese: sèje, sèja, sè (“bristle”)

Romansch: saida, seida, seda

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: sèya, sèye

French: soie

Norman: souaie

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: seda

Catalan: seda

Occitan: seda

Gascon: seta

Vivaro-Alpine: sea

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: seda, sea

Extremaduran: sea

Galician: seda

Leonese: seda

Portuguese: seda

Spanish: seda

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: seda, sera, seta

→ English: seta (learned)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *sīdā (see there for further descendants)

→ Irish: síoda

→ Welsh: sidan

From Proto-Italic *saitā, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂it-o/eh₂-, *sh₂éyt-o/eh₂-, from *sh₂ey-, *seh₂i- (“to bind”). Compare Old High German seid (“cord”), Old Norse seior, Czech síť (“net”), Russian сеть (setʹ, “net, mesh”), Old Church Slavonic сѣть (sětĭ, “trap, snare, net”), Lithuanian sietas (“tie”), Old Prussian saytan (“belt, strap”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬈𐬙𐬎 (haetu, “dam”), and Sanskrit सेतु (sétu, “bridge, fetter, band”).


iecur

la-noun

iecur n (genitive iecinoris or iecoris); third declension

iecinoris (genitive)
iecoris (genitive)
iecur (nominative singular)
iecinora (nominative plural)
iecora (nominative plural)
iecinoris (genitive singular)
iecoris (genitive singular)
iecinorum (genitive plural)
iecorum (genitive plural)
iecinorī (dative singular)
iecorī (dative singular)
iecinoribus (dative plural)
iecoribus (dative plural)
iecur (accusative singular)
iecinora (accusative plural)
iecora (accusative plural)
iecinore (ablative singular)
iecore (ablative singular)
iecinoribus (ablative plural)
iecoribus (ablative plural)
iecur (singular vocative)
iecinora (plural vocative)
iecora (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *jekʷor (oblique stem *jekʷen-), from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥. Cognates include Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar), Sanskrit यकृत् (yákṛt), Persian جگر (jegar), Old Armenian լեարդ (leard).
The expected inherited paradigm would be iecur ~ *iecinis, but the attestations show a regularized declension iecur ~ iecoris and a hybrid iecur ~ iecinoris. Compare femur with similar development.


dorsum

dorsum n (genitive dorsī); second declension

dorsī (genitive)
dorsum (nominative singular)
dorsa (nominative plural)
dorsī (genitive singular)
dorsōrum (genitive plural)
dorsō (dative singular)
dorsīs (dative plural)
dorsum (accusative singular)
dorsa (accusative plural)
dorsō (ablative singular)
dorsīs (ablative plural)
dorsum (singular vocative)
dorsa (plural vocative)

Vulgar Latin: dossum (see there for further descendants)

→ Catalan: dors

→ English: dorsum

→ Esperanto: dorso

→ Italian: dorso

→ Portuguese: dorso

→ Spanish: dorso

From Proto-Italic *dorsom, probably derived from deorsum (“downwards”) < *dēvorsum, with a semantic shift from "turned away from" > "back". Ramat notes that the two terms' contemporaneous use suggests that one was not a phonetic development of the other; however, de Vaan explains this as a case of lexical differentiation in the written and by extension spoken forms. A potential connection with a Proto-Celtic *dros-man, giving Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”), is unclear.

[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]

(anatomy) the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)


omentum

ōmentum n (genitive ōmentī); second declension

ōmentum (canonical neuter)
ōmentī (genitive)
ōmentum (nominative singular)
ōmenta (nominative plural)
ōmentī (genitive singular)
ōmentōrum (genitive plural)
ōmentō (dative singular)
ōmentīs (dative plural)
ōmentum (accusative singular)
ōmenta (accusative plural)
ōmentō (ablative singular)
ōmentīs (ablative plural)
ōmentum (singular vocative)
ōmenta (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: oment

→ English: omentum

→ Italian: omento

→ Spanish: omento

[oːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from another Italic language such as Umbrian 𐌖𐌌𐌄𐌍 (umen), 𐌖𐌌𐌍𐌄 (umne, “ointment”), from Proto-Italic *ongʷn̥, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éngʷn̥ (“fat, butter”). Related to Latin unguen (“fat; ointment”) and formally to unguentum.

der

(anatomy) The adipose membrane which encloses the bowels.

(anatomy) Any membrane which envelops an internal part of the body


epidemia

la-noun

epidēmia n pl (genitive epidēmiōrum); second declension

epidēmia (canonical neuter plural)
epidēmiōrum (genitive)
epidēmia (nominative plural)
epidēmiōrum (genitive plural)
epidēmiīs (dative plural)
epidēmia (accusative plural)
epidēmiīs (ablative plural)
epidēmia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐπιδήμια (epidḗmia), neuter plural of ἐπιδήμιος (epidḗmios), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people”). Reanalysed as a first-declension singular noun in Medieval Latin.

bor+

(Late Latin, pathology) epidemic diseases


epidemia

la-noun

epidēmia f (genitive epidēmiae); first declension

epidēmia (canonical feminine)
epidēmiae (genitive)
epidēmia (nominative singular)
epidēmiae (nominative plural)
epidēmiae (genitive singular)
epidēmiārum (genitive plural)
epidēmiae (dative singular)
epidēmiīs (dative plural)
epidēmiam (accusative singular)
epidēmiās (accusative plural)
epidēmiā (ablative singular)
epidēmiīs (ablative plural)
epidēmia (singular vocative)
epidēmiae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: epidèmia

→ Czech: epidemie

desctree

→ Dutch: epidemie
→ Indonesian: epidemi (“epidemic”)

→ Estonian: epideemia

→ Finnish: epidemia

Old French: ypidime

Middle French: epydimie, epydemie

Middle English: ipedemye, impedyme

English: epidemy

→ French: épidémie, épidémique

→ English: epidemic

→ Galician: epidemia

→ German: Epidemie

→ Hungarian: epidémia

→ Irish: eipidéim

→ Italian: epidemia

→ Luxembourgish: Epidemie

→ Norwegian Bokmål: epidemi

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: epidemi

→ Polish: epidemia

→ Portuguese: epidemia

→ Romanian: epidemie

→ Slovak: epidémia

→ Spanish: epidemia

→ Tagalog: epidemya

(Medieval Latin, New Latin, pathology) epidemic, plague


spira

la-noun

spīra f (genitive spīrae); first declension

spīra (canonical feminine)
spīrae (genitive)
spīra (nominative singular)
spīrae (nominative plural)
spīrae (genitive singular)
spīrārum (genitive plural)
spīrae (dative singular)
spīrīs (dative plural)
spīram (accusative singular)
spīrās (accusative plural)
spīrā (ablative singular)
spīrīs (ablative plural)
spīra (singular vocative)
spīrae (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek σπεῖρα (speîra, “wreath, coil, twist”) from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to twist, turn”).


sanguino

la-verb

sanguinō (present infinitive sanguināre); first conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stem

sanguinō (canonical)
no passive (canonical)
sanguināre (infinitive present)
sanguinō (active first-person indicative present singular)
sanguinās (active indicative present second-person singular)
sanguinat (active indicative present singular third-person)
sanguināmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
sanguinātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
sanguinant (active indicative plural present third-person)
sanguinābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sanguinābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sanguinābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sanguinābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sanguinābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sanguinābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sanguinābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
sanguinābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
sanguinābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
sanguinābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
sanguinābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
sanguinābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
sanguinem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
sanguinēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
sanguinet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
sanguinēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
sanguinētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
sanguinent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
sanguinārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sanguinārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sanguināret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sanguinārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sanguinārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sanguinārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sanguinā (active imperative present second-person singular)
sanguināte (active imperative plural present second-person)
sanguinātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
sanguinātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
sanguinātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
sanguinantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
sanguināre (active infinitive present)
sanguināns (active participle present)
sanguinandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
sanguinandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
sanguinandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
sanguinandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: sãndzinedz, sãndzinari

Romanian: sângera, sângerare

Italo-Romance:

Italian: sanguinare

Sicilian: sanguniari, sanguinari

Padanian:

Friulian: sanganâ

Piedmontese: sagné, seinar

Venetan: sanguenar

Northern Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: sagnar, sagner, sègner, ségner, sègnar, ségnar, ségnir, sagnir (most dialects)

Savoyard: sèigner, sainer

Valdôtain: séinèr, sèiner, séinar, sinnèr

French: saigner

→ Neapolitan: sagnà

→ Sicilian: sagnari

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: sagnar

Mallorquí sainar

Occitan: sagnar (all dialects)

Auvergnat: sanhar, sannhar

Gascon: sainar

Limousin: sannhar, sangar

Provençal: saunar, sonar

Vivaro-Alpine: sanhar

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: sangrar

Galician: sangrar

Portuguese: sangrar

Spanish: sangrar

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: sambenàre, sambenàri, sangunai

[ˈs̠äŋɡʷɪnoː]


mallo

la-noun

mallō m (genitive mallōnis); third declension

mallō (canonical masculine)
mallōnis (genitive)
mallō (nominative singular)
mallōnēs (nominative plural)
mallōnis (genitive singular)
mallōnum (genitive plural)
mallōnī (dative singular)
mallōnibus (dative plural)
mallōnem (accusative singular)
mallōnēs (accusative plural)
mallōne (ablative singular)
mallōnibus (ablative plural)
mallō (singular vocative)
mallōnēs (plural vocative)

(pathology) A kind of tumor on the knees of animals


tendo

tendō m (genitive tendinis); third declension

tendō (canonical masculine)
tendinis (genitive)
tendō (nominative singular)
tendinēs (nominative plural)
tendinis (genitive singular)
tendinum (genitive plural)
tendinī (dative singular)
tendinibus (dative plural)
tendinem (accusative singular)
tendinēs (accusative plural)
tendine (ablative singular)
tendinibus (ablative plural)
tendō (singular vocative)
tendinēs (plural vocative)

→ English: tendon

desctree

→ French: tendon
→ Romanian: tendon
→? Turkish: tendon

→ Galician: tendón

→ Italian: tendine

→ Portuguese: tendão

→ Spanish: tendón

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “sinew, tendon”), with spelling influenced by tendō (verb). Doublet of tenōn which was borrowed earlier.

bor

[ˈt̪ɛn̪d̪oː]


hydromel

la-noun

hydromel n (genitive hydromelitis); third declension

hydromelitis (genitive)
hydromel (nominative singular)
hydromelita (nominative plural)
hydromelitis (genitive singular)
hydromelitum (genitive plural)
hydromelitī (dative singular)
hydromelitibus (dative plural)
hydromel (accusative singular)
hydromelita (accusative plural)
hydromelite (ablative singular)
hydromelitibus (ablative plural)
hydromel (singular vocative)
hydromelita (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: hidromel

→ English: hydromel

→ Italian: idromele

[ˈhʏd̪rɔmɛɫ̪]

From hydro- (from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”)) + mel (“honey”).


bucca

bucca f (genitive buccae); first declension

buccae (genitive)
bucca (nominative singular)
buccae (nominative plural)
buccae (genitive singular)
buccārum (genitive plural)
buccae (dative singular)
buccīs (dative plural)
buccam (accusative singular)
buccās (accusative plural)
buccā (ablative singular)
buccīs (ablative plural)
bucca (singular vocative)
buccae (plural vocative)

→? Albanian: bukë (disputed)

→? Egyptian Arabic: بق (disputed)

→ Proto-Celtic:

Proto-Brythonic: *box

Breton: boc'h

Cornish: bogh

Welsh: boch

Irish: bus

Scottish Gaelic: bòc

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: bucã

Romanian: bucă

→ English: bucca, ⇒ buccal

→⇒ Finnish: bukkaalinen

Franco-Provençal: boche

⇒ French: buccal

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: bócca

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: bocca

Dalmatian: buca

Istriot: buca

Italian: bocca

Neapolitan: vocca

Sassarese: bocca

Sicilian: vucca, 'ucca, ucca

Old Occitan: bocha

Occitan: boca

Oïl:

Old French: boche

Bourguignon: bôche

Middle French: bouche

French: bouche

Norman: bouoche

Walloon: boutche

Rhaeto-Romance:

desc

Friulian: bocje, bočhe (alternative orthography)

Romansch: bucca

Sardinian: buca

Gallurese: bucca

Venetan: boca

Western Iberian:

Extremaduran: boca

Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: boca

Old Leonese:

Asturian: boca

Leonese: bouca

Mirandese: boca

Old Galician-Portuguese: boca

Galician: boca

Portuguese: boca

Old Spanish: boca

Spanish: boca

Uncertain. Celtic origin is suspected due to similarity with beccus (“beak”), names like Gaulish Buccus, Buccō, Bucciō as well as the appearance of words bocca and boca (of unknown meaning) on the Larzac tablet. IEW compares it with Proto-Germanic *pukkô (“bag, pouch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew, *bʰew- (“to swell, puff”), whose initial b- would point to a substrate or imitative origin. Compare also English puke, German fauchen.

onomatopoeic

imitative

the soft part of the cheek puffed or filled out in speaking or eating

sī valēbit, puls in buccam bētet

Lucius Pomponius Bononiensis, Comedies 150

if he's well, the porridge will find a way into his mouth

bucca, bucca, quot sunt hīc?

c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 64.12

(hapax) A catchword of uncertain meaning used in a guessing game, possibly equivalent and/or related to English buck buck.


lympha

la-noun

lympha f (genitive lymphae); first declension

lymphae (genitive)
lympha (nominative singular)
lymphae (nominative plural)
lymphae (genitive singular)
lymphārum (genitive plural)
lymphae (dative singular)
lymphīs (dative plural)
lympham (accusative singular)
lymphās (accusative plural)
lymphā (ablative singular)
lymphīs (ablative plural)
lympha (singular vocative)
lymphae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: limfa

→ Chinese: 淋巴 (línbā)

desctree

→ French: lymphe
→ English: lymph, lymphe (rare, archaic)

→ Galician: linfa

→ Italian: linfa

→ Portuguese: linfa

→ Romanian: limfă

→ Spanish: linfa

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νῠ́μφη (númphē, “bride, young girl; spring water”). Doublet of nympha.


constringo

la-verb

cōnstringō (present infinitive cōnstringere, perfect active cōnstrīnxī, supine cōnstrictum); third conjugation

cōnstringō (canonical)
cōnstringere (infinitive present)
cōnstrīnxī (active perfect)
cōnstrictum (supine)
cōnstringō (active first-person indicative present singular)
cōnstringis (active indicative present second-person singular)
cōnstringit (active indicative present singular third-person)
cōnstringimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
cōnstringitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
cōnstringunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
cōnstringēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cōnstringēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cōnstringēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cōnstringēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cōnstringēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cōnstringēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cōnstringam (active first-person future indicative singular)
cōnstringēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
cōnstringet (active future indicative singular third-person)
cōnstringēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
cōnstringētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
cōnstringent (active future indicative plural third-person)
cōnstrīnxī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
cōnstrīnxistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
cōnstrīnxit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
cōnstrīnximus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
cōnstrīnxistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
cōnstrīnxērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōnstrīnxēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōnstrīnxeram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
cōnstrīnxerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
cōnstrīnxerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
cōnstrīnxerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
cōnstrīnxerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
cōnstrīnxerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
cōnstrīnxerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
cōnstrīnxeris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
cōnstrīnxerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
cōnstrīnxerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
cōnstrīnxeritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
cōnstrīnxerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōnstringor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
cōnstringeris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
cōnstringere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
cōnstringitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
cōnstringimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
cōnstringiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
cōnstringuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
cōnstringēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
cōnstringēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
cōnstringēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
cōnstringēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
cōnstringēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
cōnstringēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
cōnstringēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
cōnstringar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
cōnstringēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
cōnstringēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
cōnstringētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
cōnstringēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
cōnstringēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
cōnstringentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
cōnstringam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
cōnstringās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstringat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
cōnstringātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
cōnstringant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cōnstringerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstringeret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cōnstringerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōnstringerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōnstrīnxerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōnstrīnxerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōnstrīnxissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōnstrīnxissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōnstrīnxissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
cōnstringāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstringāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstringātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
cōnstringāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
cōnstringantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
cōnstringerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstringerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
cōnstringerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
cōnstringerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
cōnstringerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
cōnstringe (active imperative present second-person singular)
cōnstringite (active imperative plural present second-person)
cōnstringitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
cōnstringitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
cōnstringitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
cōnstringuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
cōnstringere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
cōnstringiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
cōnstringitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
cōnstringitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
cōnstringuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
cōnstringere (active infinitive present)
cōnstrīnxisse (active infinitive perfect)
cōnstrictūrum esse (active future infinitive)
cōnstringī (infinitive passive present)
cōnstrictum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
cōnstrictum īrī (future infinitive passive)
cōnstringēns (active participle present)
cōnstrictūrus (active future participle)
cōnstrictus (participle passive perfect)
cōnstringendus (future participle passive)
cōnstringundus (future participle passive)
cōnstringendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
cōnstringendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
cōnstringendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
cōnstringendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
cōnstrictum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
cōnstrictū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: constrènyer

→ English: constrict, constrain

French: contraindre

→ Galician: constrinxir

Italian: costringere

Occitan: constrénher, constrénger

Portuguese: constranger, constringir

Romanian: constrânge

Sicilian: custrìnciri

Spanish: constreñir

[kõːˈs̠t̪rɪŋɡoː]

From cōn- (“with, together”) + stringō (“to draw, bind or tie tight”).

prefix

To draw or bind together, to bind, tie up


depressio

la-noun

dēpressiō f (genitive dēpressiōnis); third declension

dēpressiō (canonical feminine)
dēpressiōnis (genitive)
dēpressiō (nominative singular)
dēpressiōnēs (nominative plural)
dēpressiōnis (genitive singular)
dēpressiōnum (genitive plural)
dēpressiōnī (dative singular)
dēpressiōnibus (dative plural)
dēpressiōnem (accusative singular)
dēpressiōnēs (accusative plural)
dēpressiōne (ablative singular)
dēpressiōnibus (ablative plural)
dēpressiō (singular vocative)
dēpressiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: depressió

→ English: depression

→ French: dépression

→ Galician: depresión

→ Italian: depressione

→ Portuguese: depressão

→ Romanian: depresiune

→ Spanish: depresión

2018, Tuomo Pekkanen, Valetudo Finnorum minus prospera https://areena.yle.fi/1-4377543, Nuntii Latini 20.4.2018

Obesity and symptoms of depression are on the rise, and high blood pressure and high cholesterol are still common.

Obesitas et symptoma depressionis crebrescunt atque alta pressio sanguinis et cholesterolum nimis altum sunt adhuc communia.


aponeurosis

aponeurōsis f (genitive aponeurōsis); third declension

aponeurōsis (canonical feminine)
aponeurōsis (genitive)
aponeurōsis (nominative singular)
aponeurōsēs (nominative plural)
aponeurōsis (genitive singular)
aponeurōsium (genitive plural)
aponeurōsī (dative singular)
aponeurōsibus (dative plural)
aponeurōsem (accusative singular)
aponeurōsēs (accusative plural)
aponeurōsīs (accusative plural)
aponeurōse (ablative singular)
aponeurōsibus (ablative plural)
aponeurōsis (singular vocative)
aponeurōsēs (plural vocative)

[äpɔnɛu̯ˈroːs̠ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀπονεύρωσῐς (aponeúrōsis, “end of the muscle where it becomes tendinous”), from ἀ̆πονευρόομαι (aponeuróomai, “to become tendinous”) + -σῐς (-sis, nominal suffix).

af

ἀ̆πονευρόομαι


calvus

la-adj

calvus (feminine calva, neuter calvum); first/second-declension adjective

calva (feminine)
calvum (neuter)
calvus (masculine nominative singular)
calva (feminine nominative singular)
calvum (neuter nominative singular)
calvī (masculine nominative plural)
calvae (feminine nominative plural)
calva (neuter nominative plural)
calvī (genitive masculine singular)
calvae (feminine genitive singular)
calvī (genitive neuter singular)
calvōrum (genitive masculine plural)
calvārum (feminine genitive plural)
calvōrum (genitive neuter plural)
calvō (dative masculine singular)
calvae (dative feminine singular)
calvō (dative neuter singular)
calvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
calvum (accusative masculine singular)
calvam (accusative feminine singular)
calvum (accusative neuter singular)
calvōs (accusative masculine plural)
calvās (accusative feminine plural)
calva (accusative neuter plural)
calvō (ablative masculine singular)
calvā (ablative feminine singular)
calvō (ablative neuter singular)
calvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
calve (masculine singular vocative)
calva (feminine singular vocative)
calvum (neuter singular vocative)
calvī (masculine plural vocative)
calvae (feminine plural vocative)
calva (neuter plural vocative)

Asturian: calvu

Catalan: calb

Corsican: calvu

English: calvous

French: chauve

Galician: calvo

Italian: calvo

Occitan: cau

Old French: chauve

English: Calvin

Portuguese: calvo

Romansch: chalv

Spanish: calvo

→ Tagalog: kalbo

[ˈkäɫ̪u̯ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *kalawos, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥H- (“bald”).


medulla spinalis

la-noun

medulla spīnālis f (genitive medullae spīnālis); first declension

medulla spīnālis (canonical feminine)
medullae spīnālis (genitive)
medulla spīnālis (nominative singular)
medullae spīnālēs (nominative plural)
medullae spīnālis (genitive singular)
medullārum spīnālium (genitive plural)
medullae spīnālī (dative singular)
medullīs spīnālibus (dative plural)
medullam spīnālem (accusative singular)
medullās spīnālēs (accusative plural)
medullās spīnālīs (accusative plural)
medullā spīnālī (ablative singular)
medullīs spīnālibus (ablative plural)
medulla spīnālis (singular vocative)
medullae spīnālēs (plural vocative)

[mɛˈd̪ʊlːʲä s̠piːˈnäːlʲɪs̠]


condylus

condylus m (genitive condylī); second declension

condylī (genitive)
condylus (nominative singular)
condylī (nominative plural)
condylī (genitive singular)
condylōrum (genitive plural)
condylō (dative singular)
condylīs (dative plural)
condylum (accusative singular)
condylōs (accusative plural)
condylō (ablative singular)
condylīs (ablative plural)
condyle (singular vocative)
condylī (plural vocative)

English: condyle

French: condyle

Spanish: cóndilo

[ˈkɔn̪d̪ʏɫ̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόνδυλος (kóndulos).

(anatomy) condyle, knuckle; the joint at the end of a bone


partus

partus m (genitive partūs); fourth declension

partūs (genitive)
partus (nominative singular)
partūs (nominative plural)
partūs (genitive singular)
partuum (genitive plural)
partuī (dative singular)
partubus (dative plural)
partum (accusative singular)
partūs (accusative plural)
partū (ablative singular)
partubus (ablative plural)
partus (singular vocative)
partūs (plural vocative)

Catalan: part

French: part

Friulian: part

Italian: parto

Portuguese: parto

Spanish: parto

Venetan: part

From pariō (“I bring forth, give birth”).


struma

strūma f (genitive strūmae); first declension

strūma (canonical feminine)
strūmae (genitive)
strūma (nominative singular)
strūmae (nominative plural)
strūmae (genitive singular)
strūmārum (genitive plural)
strūmae (dative singular)
strūmīs (dative plural)
strūmam (accusative singular)
strūmās (accusative plural)
strūmā (ablative singular)
strūmīs (ablative plural)
strūma (singular vocative)
strūmae (plural vocative)


bilis

bīlis f (genitive bīlis); third declension

bīlis (canonical feminine)
bīlis (genitive)
bīlis (nominative singular)
bīlēs (nominative plural)
bīlis (genitive singular)
bīlium (genitive plural)
bīlī (dative singular)
bīlibus (dative plural)
bīlem (accusative singular)
bīlēs (accusative plural)
bīlīs (accusative plural)
bīlī (ablative singular)
bīlibus (ablative plural)
bīlis (singular vocative)
bīlēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: bilis

English: bile, bili-

French: bile

Romanian: bilă

Galician: bile

Irish: bili-

Italian: bile

Portuguese: bílis, bile

Spanish: bilis

From Proto-Italic *bistli-. de Vaan notes that the word is only found in Latin and Brythonic (Welsh bustl) and does not rule out a substrate borrowing for both; however, it could instead be a derivative of a preform *bid-tli-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split off, bite”), referring to the substance's bitterness.


venter

la-noun

venter m (genitive ventris); third declension

ventris (genitive)
venter (nominative singular)
ventrēs (nominative plural)
ventris (genitive singular)
ventrium (genitive plural)
ventrum (genitive plural)
ventrī (dative singular)
ventribus (dative plural)
ventrem (accusative singular)
ventrēs (accusative plural)
ventrīs (accusative plural)
ventre (ablative singular)
ventribus (ablative plural)
venter (singular vocative)
ventrēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: vintre

Dalmatian:

viantro

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ventre

Neapolitan: ventre

Sicilian: ventri

North Italian:

Friulian: vintri

Romansch: venter, vainter

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: ventro

French: ventre

Norman: ventre, vãtr (Sark)

Walloon: vinte

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: ventre

Occitan: ventre, vente

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: vientre

Galician: ventre

Portuguese: ventre

Spanish: vientre

Insular Romance:

q

Old Sardinian: ventre (feminine, as all its descendants remain)

Campidanese: bentri, brenti

Gallurese: ventri

Logudorese: bentre

Nuorese: brente, frente, ventre

Sassarese: ventri

Borrowings:

→ English: venter

→ Esperanto: ventro

→ Ido: ventro

[ˈu̯ɛn̪t̪ɛr]

From Proto-Indo-European *wend-tri-, see also German Wanst (“belly, paunch”), Old High German wanast, Sanskrit वस्ति (vasti, “bladder”), Latin vēsīca (“bladder”)

a paunch, maw, conveying the accessory idea of greediness or gormandizing

(transferred sense)
the womb
an unborn offspring, especially a son

(transferred sense)
a swelling, protuberance


glandula pinealis

la-noun

glandula pīneālis f (genitive glandulae pīneālis); first declension

glandula pīneālis (canonical feminine)
glandulae pīneālis (genitive)
glandula pīneālis (nominative singular)
glandulae pīneālēs (nominative plural)
glandulae pīneālis (genitive singular)
glandulārum pīneālium (genitive plural)
glandulae pīneālī (dative singular)
glandulīs pīneālibus (dative plural)
glandulam pīneālem (accusative singular)
glandulās pīneālēs (accusative plural)
glandulās pīneālīs (accusative plural)
glandulā pīneālī (ablative singular)
glandulīs pīneālibus (ablative plural)
glandula pīneālis (singular vocative)
glandulae pīneālēs (plural vocative)

[ˈɡɫ̪än̪d̪ʊɫ̪ä pɪˈneälʲɪs̠]


lacca

lacca f (genitive laccae); first declension

laccae (genitive)
lacca (nominative singular)
laccae (nominative plural)
laccae (genitive singular)
laccārum (genitive plural)
laccae (dative singular)
laccīs (dative plural)
laccam (accusative singular)
laccās (accusative plural)
laccā (ablative singular)
laccīs (ablative plural)
lacca (singular vocative)
laccae (plural vocative)

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *Hlak-, *lēk- (“leg; the main muscle of the arm or leg”). Compare English leg and Latin lacertus (“upper arm”).


melina

melina f (genitive melinae); first declension

melinae (genitive)
melina (nominative singular)
melinae (nominative plural)
melinae (genitive singular)
melinārum (genitive plural)
melinae (dative singular)
melinīs (dative plural)
melinam (accusative singular)
melinās (accusative plural)
melinā (ablative singular)
melinīs (ablative plural)
melina (singular vocative)
melinae (plural vocative)

From melinus (“of or pertaining to honey”), from mel (“honey”).


melina

mēlīna f (genitive mēlīnae); first declension

mēlīna (canonical feminine)
mēlīnae (genitive)
mēlīna (nominative singular)
mēlīnae (nominative plural)
mēlīnae (genitive singular)
mēlīnārum (genitive plural)
mēlīnae (dative singular)
mēlīnīs (dative plural)
mēlīnam (accusative singular)
mēlīnās (accusative plural)
mēlīnā (ablative singular)
mēlīnīs (ablative plural)
mēlīna (singular vocative)
mēlīnae (plural vocative)

From mēlīnus (“of or pertaining to a marten”), from mēles (“marten, badger”).


gena

gena f (genitive genae); first declension

genae (genitive)
gena (nominative singular)
genae (nominative plural)
genae (genitive singular)
genārum (genitive plural)
genae (dative singular)
genīs (dative plural)
genam (accusative singular)
genās (accusative plural)
genā (ablative singular)
genīs (ablative plural)
gena (singular vocative)
genae (plural vocative)

→ English: gena (learned)

Aromanian: dzeanã, dziane

→ Italian: gena

Romanian: geană

From Proto-Italic *genā, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu-, *ǵénus (“chin, jaw, cheek”). The declension was most likely changed to avoid confusion with genus.
Cognates include Ancient Greek γένυς (génus), Sanskrit हनु (hánu), Persian چانه (čâne), Tocharian A śanwem, Old Armenian ծնաւտ (cnawt), Lithuanian žandas, Welsh gen, and Old English ċinn (English chin).


pupilla

pūpilla f (genitive pūpillae); first declension

pūpilla (canonical feminine)
pūpillae (genitive)
pūpilla (nominative singular)
pūpillae (nominative plural)
pūpillae (genitive singular)
pūpillārum (genitive plural)
pūpillae (dative singular)
pūpillīs (dative plural)
pūpillam (accusative singular)
pūpillās (accusative plural)
pūpillā (ablative singular)
pūpillīs (ablative plural)
pūpilla (singular vocative)
pūpillae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: pupil·la

→ English: pupil

→ French: pupille

→ Italian: pupilla

→ Portuguese: pupila

→ Sicilian: pupiḍḍa

→ Spanish: pupila

[puːˈpɪlːʲä]

Diminutive of pūpula, itself a diminutive of pūpa, equivalent to pūpa + -illa. The transferred anatomical meaning is part of a strong cross-linguistic tendency, in reference to the small reflected image of oneself seen when looking into someone's eye.

(transferred sense, anatomy) the pupil of the eye

diminutive of pūpula:
the pupil of the eye


bracchium

bracchium n (genitive bracchiī or bracchī); second declension

bracchiī (genitive)
bracchī (genitive)
bracchium (nominative singular)
bracchia (nominative plural)
bracchiī (genitive singular)
bracchī (genitive singular)
bracchiōrum (genitive plural)
bracchiō (dative singular)
bracchiīs (dative plural)
bracchium (accusative singular)
bracchia (accusative plural)
bracchiō (ablative singular)
bracchiīs (ablative plural)
bracchium (singular vocative)
bracchia (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: brats, bratsu

Istro-Romanian: bråț

Megleno-Romanian: braț

Romanian: braț

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: bracciu

Dalmatian: braz

Istriot: brasso

Italian: braccio

Neapolitan: vraccio

Sicilian: vrazzu

Venetan: brazso, braso

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: braç, brač

Ladin: brac

Romansch: bratsch

Gallo-Italian:

Ligurian: bràsso

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: brès

Oïl:

desctree

Old French: bras
Bourguignon: brai
Champenois: brais
Franc-Comtois: brais
Middle French: bras
French: bras
Norman: bras
Walloon: bresse

Oc:

Catalan: braç

Old Occitan: braç

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: brazo

Asturian: brazu

Extremaduran: braçu

Leonese: brazu

Mirandese: braço

Old Galician-Portuguese: braço
Galician: brazo
Portuguese: braço

Old Spanish: braço
Ladino: braso
Spanish: brazo

Island Romance:

desc

Sardinian: baltzu, bartzu, braciu, bratzu, brassu

→ Proto-Brythonic: *brėx (see there for further descendants)

→ English: brachium

→ Esperanto: brako

→ Ido: brakio

→ Irish: brac

[ˈbräkːʰiʊ̃ˑ]


morbus

la-noun

morbus m (genitive morbī); second declension

morbī (genitive)
morbus (nominative singular)
morbī (nominative plural)
morbī (genitive singular)
morbōrum (genitive plural)
morbō (dative singular)
morbīs (dative plural)
morbum (accusative singular)
morbōs (accusative plural)
morbō (ablative singular)
morbīs (ablative plural)
morbe (singular vocative)
morbī (plural vocative)

Catalan: borm, morb, morma

English: morbid

French: morve

Italian: morbo

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: mormo
Galician: mormo
Portuguese: mormo

Piedmontese: mòrb

Romanian: morb

Sicilian: morvu

Old Spanish:

Spanish: muermo

→ German: Morbus

→ Portuguese: morbo (learned)

→ Spanish: morbo (learned)

From Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”), the same root of morī (“to die”), with an extension *-bʰo-, possibly *-bʰh₂o- from *bʰeh₂- (“to appear”), and thus meaning “appearing like death”.

Cur anni tempora morbos adportant?

c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 5.220

Why do the seasons of the year bring maladies?

‘pelle procul morbōs; valeant hominēsque gregēsque,

‘‘Drive diseases far away; may both men and flocks be healthy,
and healthy too the watching dogs, that foreseeing pack.’’
(A shepherd’s prayer to Pales.)

et valeant vigilēs, prōvida turba, canēs.’

(of the body or mind) a disease, illness, malady, sickness, disorder, distemper, ailment


vitium

la-noun

vitium n (genitive vitiī or vitī); second declension

vitiī (genitive)
vitī (genitive)
vitium (nominative singular)
vitia (nominative plural)
vitiī (genitive singular)
vitī (genitive singular)
vitiōrum (genitive plural)
vitiō (dative singular)
vitiīs (dative plural)
vitium (accusative singular)
vitia (accusative plural)
vitiō (ablative singular)
vitiīs (ablative plural)
vitium (singular vocative)
vitia (plural vocative)

Asturian: viciu

Albanian: ves

Catalan: vici

Friulian: vizi

Galician: vezo, vizo, vizio

Italian: vezzo, vizio

Occitan: vetz

Old French: vice

French: vice

→ Middle English: vice

English: vice

Piedmontese: vissi

Portuguese: vezo, viço, vício

Romanian: viciu

Sicilian: vezzu, vizziu

Spanish: vezo, vicio

[ˈu̯ɪt̪iʊ̃ˑ]

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(d)wi-tyo- (“apart, wrong”), a derivative of the number *dwóh₁ (“two”).


valeo

la-verb

valeō (present infinitive valēre, perfect active valuī, supine valitum); second conjugation, no passive

valeō (canonical)
no passive (canonical)
valēre (infinitive present)
valuī (active perfect)
valitum (supine)
valeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
valēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
valet (active indicative present singular third-person)
valēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
valētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
valent (active indicative plural present third-person)
valēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
valēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
valēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
valēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
valēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
valēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
valēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
valēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
valēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
valēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
valēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
valēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
valuī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
valuistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
valuit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
valuimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
valuistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
valuērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
valuēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
valueram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
valuerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
valuerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
valuerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
valuerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
valuerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
valuerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
valueris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
valuerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
valuerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
valueritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
valuerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
valeam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
valeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
valeat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
valeāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
valeātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
valeant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
valērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
valērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
valēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
valērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
valērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
valērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
valuerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
valuerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
valuerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
valuerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
valuerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
valuerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
valuissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
valuissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
valuisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
valuissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
valuissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
valuissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
valē (active imperative present second-person singular)
valēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
valētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
valētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
valētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
valentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
valēre (active infinitive present)
valuisse (active infinitive perfect)
valitūrum esse (active future infinitive)
valēns (active participle present)
valitūrus (active future participle)
valendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
valendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
valendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
valendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
valitum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
valitū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Asturian: valir

Catalan: valer, valdre

Dalmatian: valar

English: vale, vail, value

Franco-Provençal: valêr

French: valoir

Friulian: valê

→ Galician: valer (semi-learned)

Interlingua: valer

Italian: valere

Occitan: vàler, vàldre

Portuguese: valer

Romansch: valair, valer, valeir

Sardinian: balere, baliri, valere

Sicilian: vàliri

Spanish: valer

Venetan: valer

Walloon: valeur

From Proto-Italic *walēō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti, from *h₂welh₁- (“to rule, be strong”).


vultus

la-noun

vultus m (genitive vultūs); fourth declension

vultūs (genitive)
vultus (nominative singular)
vultūs (nominative plural)
vultūs (genitive singular)
vultuum (genitive plural)
vultuī (dative singular)
vultibus (dative plural)
vultum (accusative singular)
vultūs (accusative plural)
vultū (ablative singular)
vultibus (ablative plural)
vultus (singular vocative)
vultūs (plural vocative)
vulta (nominative plural)
vultōrum (genitive plural)
vultīs (dative plural)
vulta (accusative plural)
vultīs (ablative plural)
vulta (plural vocative)

Galician: vulto

Italian: volto

Old French: volt

Old Occitan: volt

Occitan: vòlt

Portuguese: vulto

Spanish: bulto

[ˈu̯ʊɫ̪t̪ʊs̠]

From earlier voltus (the standard spelling into the 1st century CE) with regular /ol → ul/ before consonants, from Proto-Italic *woltus, from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to see”), probably e-grade with regular /el → ol/.
Cognate to Welsh gweld, Tocharian B yel- (“to examine”) and Gothic 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃 (wulþus, “glory”) (from zero-grade).

the expression appropriate to a type of person or situation; a visage, mien, demeanor

(anatomy, often in the plural) the front of the head, face


subrideo

la-verb

subrīdeō (present infinitive subrīdēre, perfect active subrīsī, supine subrīsum); second conjugation

subrīdeō (canonical)
subrīdēre (infinitive present)
subrīsī (active perfect)
subrīsum (supine)
subrīdeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
subrīdēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
subrīdet (active indicative present singular third-person)
subrīdēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
subrīdētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
subrīdent (active indicative plural present third-person)
subrīdēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
subrīdēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
subrīdēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
subrīdēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
subrīdēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
subrīdēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
subrīdēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
subrīdēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
subrīdēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
subrīdēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
subrīdēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
subrīdēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
subrīsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
subrīsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
subrīsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
subrīsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
subrīsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
subrīsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
subrīsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
subrīseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
subrīserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
subrīserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
subrīserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
subrīserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
subrīserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
subrīserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
subrīseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
subrīserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
subrīserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
subrīseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
subrīserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
subrīdeor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
subrīdēris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
subrīdēre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
subrīdētur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
subrīdēmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
subrīdēminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
subrīdentur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
subrīdēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
subrīdēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
subrīdēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
subrīdēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
subrīdēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
subrīdēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
subrīdēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
subrīdēbor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
subrīdēberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
subrīdēbere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
subrīdēbitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
subrīdēbimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
subrīdēbiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
subrīdēbuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
subrīdeam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
subrīdeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīdeat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
subrīdeāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
subrīdeātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
subrīdeant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
subrīdērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
subrīdērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīdēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
subrīdērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
subrīdērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
subrīdērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
subrīserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
subrīserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
subrīserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
subrīserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
subrīserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
subrīsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
subrīsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
subrīsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
subrīsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
subrīsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
subrīdear (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
subrīdeāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīdeāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīdeātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
subrīdeāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
subrīdeāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
subrīdeantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
subrīdērer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
subrīdērēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīdērēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
subrīdērētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
subrīdērēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
subrīdērēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
subrīdērentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
subrīdē (active imperative present second-person singular)
subrīdēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
subrīdētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
subrīdētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
subrīdētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
subrīdentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
subrīdēre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
subrīdēminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
subrīdētor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
subrīdētor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
subrīdentor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
subrīdēre (active infinitive present)
subrīsisse (active infinitive perfect)
subrīsūrum esse (active future infinitive)
subrīdērī (infinitive passive present)
subrīsum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
subrīsum īrī (future infinitive passive)
subrīdēns (active participle present)
subrīsūrus (active future participle)
subrīsus (participle passive perfect)
subrīdendus (future participle passive)
subrīdendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
subrīdendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
subrīdendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
subrīdendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
subrīsum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
subrīsū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: surride

Italian: sorridere

Sicilian: surrìdiri

North Italian:

Friulian: soridi

Romansch: surrir

Venetan: sorìder

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: somriure

desctree

Old French: sorrirre
Middle French: soubrire
French: sourire
Norman: souôrithe

Occitan: sorire

Asturian: sonrir, sorrir

Mirandese: sunrir

Old Galician-Portuguese: sorriir

Galician: sorrir

Portuguese: sorrir

Spanish: sonreír

From sub- (“below, under”) + rīdeō (“laugh”).


pario

la-verb

pariō (present infinitive parere, perfect active peperī, supine partum); third conjugation iō-variant

pariō (canonical)
parere (infinitive present)
peperī (active perfect)
partum (supine)
pariō (active first-person indicative present singular)
paris (active indicative present second-person singular)
parit (active indicative present singular third-person)
parimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
paritis (active indicative plural present second-person)
pariunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
pariēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pariēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pariēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pariēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pariēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pariēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pariam (active first-person future indicative singular)
pariēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
pariet (active future indicative singular third-person)
pariēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
pariētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
parient (active future indicative plural third-person)
peperī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
peperistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
peperit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
peperimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
peperistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
peperērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
peperēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
pepereram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
pepererās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
pepererat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
pepererāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
pepererātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
pepererant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
pepererō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
pepereris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
pepererit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
pepererimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
pepereritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
pepererint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
parior (first-person indicative passive present singular)
pareris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
parere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
paritur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
parimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
pariminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
pariuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
pariēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
pariēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
pariēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
pariēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
pariēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
pariēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
pariēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
pariar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
pariēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
pariēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
pariētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
pariēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
pariēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
parientur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
pariam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
pariās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
pariat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
pariāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
pariātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
pariant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
parerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
parerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pareret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
parerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
parerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
parerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pepererim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
pepererīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pepererit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pepererīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
pepererītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pepererint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
peperissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
peperissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
peperisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
peperissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
peperissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
peperissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pariar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
pariāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pariāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pariātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
pariāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
pariāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
pariantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
parerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
parerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
parerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
parerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
parerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
parerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
parerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
pare (active imperative present second-person singular)
parite (active imperative plural present second-person)
paritō (active future imperative second-person singular)
paritō (active future imperative singular third-person)
paritōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
pariuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
parere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
pariminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
paritor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
paritor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
pariuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
parere (active infinitive present)
peperisse (active infinitive perfect)
paritūrus esse (active future infinitive)
parī (infinitive passive present)
partum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
partum īrī (future infinitive passive)
pariēns (active participle present)
paritūrus (active future participle)
partus (participle passive perfect)
pariendus (future participle passive)
pariundus (future participle passive)
pariendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
pariendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
pariendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
pariendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
partum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
partū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Asturian: parir

Catalan: parir

Extremaduran: paril

Galician: parir

English: postpartum

Mirandese: parir

Portuguese: parir

Spanish: parir

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

From Proto-Italic *parjō, from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“to produce, beget”). Cognate with Sanskrit पुरुष (puruṣa, “person”).

der

ecce virgo concipiet, et pariet filium, et vocabitur nomen eius Emmanuel

behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.


lues

la-noun

luēs f sg (genitive luis); third declension

luēs (canonical feminine singular)
luis (genitive)
luēs (nominative singular)
luis (genitive singular)
luī (dative singular)
luem (accusative singular)
lue (ablative singular)
luēs (singular vocative)

Perhaps from luō (“wash”) or from Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“dirt, mud”) (cognate with λῦμα (lûma, “dirt”) and Old Irish loth (“mud”)).


zythum

zȳthum n (genitive zȳthī); second declension

zȳthum (canonical neuter)
zȳthī (genitive)
zȳthum (nominative singular)
zȳtha (nominative plural)
zȳthī (genitive singular)
zȳthōrum (genitive plural)
zȳthō (dative singular)
zȳthīs (dative plural)
zȳthum (accusative singular)
zȳtha (accusative plural)
zȳthō (ablative singular)
zȳthīs (ablative plural)
zȳthum (singular vocative)
zȳtha (plural vocative)

[ˈd̪͡z̪yːt̪ʰʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζῦθος (zûthos).

bor+

a type of alcoholic drink associated with Egypt


uber

la-noun

ūber n (genitive ūberis); third declension

ūber (canonical neuter)
ūberis (genitive)
ūber (nominative singular)
ūbera (nominative plural)
ūberis (genitive singular)
ūberum (genitive plural)
ūberī (dative singular)
ūberibus (dative plural)
ūber (accusative singular)
ūbera (accusative plural)
ūbere (ablative singular)
ūberibus (ablative plural)
ūber (singular vocative)
ūbera (plural vocative)

Aromanian: udzir, udzãri

Franco-Provençal: uvro

Friulian: luvri

Galician: ubre

Italian: ubere, ubero

Portuguese: ubre, úbere

Romanian: uger

Romagnol: uver

Romansch: iver, eiver, üver

Sicilian: ùbbiru

Spanish: ubre

From Proto-Italic *ouðer, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥ (“udder”) (r/n-stem, with r made common to all cases). Cognates include Vedic Sanskrit ऊधर् (ū́dhar), Ancient Greek οὖθαρ (oûthar), Old English ūder, and modern English udder.

huic fuit haedōrum māter fōrmōsa duōrum,
inter Dictaeōs cōnspiciendā gregēs,
cornibus āeriīs atque in sua terga recurvīs,
ūbere, quod nūtrīx posset habēre Iovis,

She had [a goat], a beautiful mother of two kids, a remarkable sight among the flocks of Dicte, with horns rising upwards and curving over her back, [and] with an udder, such as the wet-nurse of Jupiter would have; she was giving milk to the god.
(See Amalthea (mythology).)

(anatomy) a teat, pap, dug, udder, a lactating breast


sanitas

sānitās f (genitive sānitātis); third declension

sānitās (canonical feminine)
sānitātis (genitive)
sānitās (nominative singular)
sānitātēs (nominative plural)
sānitātis (genitive singular)
sānitātum (genitive plural)
sānitātī (dative singular)
sānitātibus (dative plural)
sānitātem (accusative singular)
sānitātēs (accusative plural)
sānitāte (ablative singular)
sānitātibus (ablative plural)
sānitās (singular vocative)
sānitātēs (plural vocative)

Albanian: shëndet

Aromanian: sãnãtati

Asturian: sanidá

Catalan: sanitat

Dalmatian: santut

English: sanity

Franco-Provençal: santât

French: santé

Friulian: sanetât

Galician: sanidade

Italian: sanità

Ladin: sanità

Occitan: santat

Portuguese: sanidade, sanita

Romanian: sănătate

Romansch: sanadad, sandet, sandà

Sardinian: sanidade, sanidadi

Spanish: sanidad

[ˈs̠äːnɪt̪äːs̠]


pernio

perniō m (genitive perniōnis); third declension

perniō (canonical masculine)
perniōnis (genitive)
perniō (nominative singular)
perniōnēs (nominative plural)
perniōnis (genitive singular)
perniōnum (genitive plural)
perniōnī (dative singular)
perniōnibus (dative plural)
perniōnem (accusative singular)
perniōnēs (accusative plural)
perniōne (ablative singular)
perniōnibus (ablative plural)
perniō (singular vocative)
perniōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: penelló, prunyó

Italian: pernione


malacia

malacia f (genitive malaciae); first declension

malaciae (genitive)
malacia (nominative singular)
malaciae (nominative plural)
malaciae (genitive singular)
malaciārum (genitive plural)
malaciae (dative singular)
malaciīs (dative plural)
malaciam (accusative singular)
malaciās (accusative plural)
malaciā (ablative singular)
malaciīs (ablative plural)
malacia (singular vocative)
malaciae (plural vocative)

[mäˈläːt͡ʃiä]

From Ancient Greek μαλακία (malakía, “softness”), from μᾰλᾰκός (malakós, “soft”).


unguis

la-noun

unguis m (genitive unguis); third declension

unguis (genitive)
unguis (nominative singular)
unguēs (nominative plural)
unguis (genitive singular)
unguium (genitive plural)
unguī (dative singular)
unguibus (dative plural)
unguem (accusative singular)
unguēs (accusative plural)
unguīs (accusative plural)
ungue (ablative singular)
unguī (ablative singular)
unguibus (ablative plural)
unguis (singular vocative)
unguēs (plural vocative)

>? Sicilian: ugnu

→ English: unguis

→ French: unguis

From Proto-Italic *ungus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃negʰ- (“nail”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Old Irish inga, Sanskrit नख (nakhá, “claw, nail”), Old Armenian եղունգն (ełungn), Old Church Slavonic ногъть (nogŭtĭ), Lithuanian nagas, Persian ناخن (nâxon), Albanian nyell, and Old English næġl (English nail).


collum

collum n (genitive collī); second declension

collī (genitive)
collum (nominative singular)
colla (nominative plural)
collī (genitive singular)
collōrum (genitive plural)
collō (dative singular)
collīs (dative plural)
collum (accusative singular)
colla (accusative plural)
collō (ablative singular)
collīs (ablative plural)
collum (singular vocative)
colla (plural vocative)

Catalan: coll

Corsican: collu, coddu

Franco-Provençal: côl

desctree

Old French: col
Middle French: col
French: cou, col
Norman: co
Walloon: cô

Friulian: cuel

Italian: collo

Neapolitan: cuollo

Occitan: còl, còu

Sardinian: coddu, codhu

Sicilian: coddu

Venetan: coło, col

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: cuellu

Old Galician-Portuguese: colo
Fala: colu
Galician: colo
Portuguese: colo

Old Spanish: cuello
Spanish: cuello (see there for further descendants)

Uncertain, but perhaps from Proto-Italic *kʷolsom, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷolso- (“neck”, literally “that on which the head turns”), from *kʷel- (“to turn”). Typologically compare Old Armenian պարանոց (paranocʻ, “neck”).
See also Old English heals (“neck, prow of a ship”) (whence English halse (“neck, throat”)), Middle Dutch and Old Norse hals (“neck”).

cog

(anatomy) (of men and animals) The neck or throat.


iugulum

la-noun

iugulum n (genitive iugulī); second declension

iugulī (genitive)
iugulum (nominative singular)
iugula (nominative plural)
iugulī (genitive singular)
iugulōrum (genitive plural)
iugulō (dative singular)
iugulīs (dative plural)
iugulum (accusative singular)
iugula (accusative plural)
iugulō (ablative singular)
iugulīs (ablative plural)
iugulum (singular vocative)
iugula (plural vocative)

Dalmatian: zoglo

Italian: giugolo

desc

Sardinian: thucru, thruccu, thùgulu, trughu, sughu

[ˈi̯ʊɡʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From iugum (“a yoke, collar”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix).

af

Terrestrium solus homo bipes. uni iuguli, umeri, ceteris armi; uni ulnae.

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 11.43.98


fistula cibalis

la-noun

fistula cibālis f (genitive fistulae cibālis); first declension

fistula cibālis (canonical feminine)
fistulae cibālis (genitive)
fistula cibālis (nominative singular)
fistulae cibālēs (nominative plural)
fistulae cibālis (genitive singular)
fistulārum cibālium (genitive plural)
fistulae cibālī (dative singular)
fistulīs cibālibus (dative plural)
fistulam cibālem (accusative singular)
fistulās cibālēs (accusative plural)
fistulās cibālīs (accusative plural)
fistulā cibālī (ablative singular)
fistulīs cibālibus (ablative plural)
fistula cibālis (singular vocative)
fistulae cibālēs (plural vocative)


toles

tōlēs m pl (genitive tōlium); third declension

tōlēs (canonical masculine plural)
tōlium (genitive)
tōlēs (nominative plural)
tōlium (genitive plural)
tōlibus (dative plural)
tōlēs (accusative plural)
tōlīs (accusative plural)
tōlibus (ablative plural)
tōlēs (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪oːɫ̪eːs̠]

From Proto-Italic *tonslis, from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, to extend”). Cognate with Latin tōnsillae.


claustrum

la-noun

claustrum n (genitive claustrī); second declension

claustrī (genitive)
claustrum (nominative singular)
claustra (nominative plural)
claustrī (genitive singular)
claustrōrum (genitive plural)
claustrō (dative singular)
claustrīs (dative plural)
claustrum (accusative singular)
claustra (accusative plural)
claustrō (ablative singular)
claustrīs (ablative plural)
claustrum (singular vocative)
claustra (plural vocative)

Vulgar Latin: *clostrum

Italian: chiostro, chiostra

desctree

Old French: cloistre
Middle French: cloistre
French: cloître, cloitre (post-1990 spelling)
→ Russian: клуа́тр (kluátr)
→ Ukrainian: клуа́тр (kluátr)
→ Middle English: cloistre, cloister, closter, cloystre, cloyster, clostre, cloistir, cleystir, cloysture
English: cloister
Scots: closter (< closter)

Old Occitan:

Occitan: clastra

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: clustris

Romansch: clostra

Venetan: giostro

→ Catalan: claustre

desc

→ English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia

→ Friulian: claustri

→ Galician: claustro, caustra (semi-learned)

→ Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor

→ Italian: claustro

→ Old Norse: klaustr

Icelandic: klaustur

Faroese: kleystur

Norwegian: kloster

Old Swedish: kloster, kløster

Swedish: kloster

→ Finnish: luostari

Danish: kloster

→ Polish: claustrum, klaustrum

→ Portuguese: claustro

→ Romanian: claustru

→ Romansch: claustra

→ Spanish: claustro

West Germanic languages (borrowed post-Proto-West Germanic):

→ Old English: clauster, clūstor

→ Old Frisian: klāster

West Frisian: kleaster

→ Old Saxon: *klōstar

Middle Low German: klôster

Plautdietsch: Kloosta

→ Estonian: klooster

→ Latvian: klosteris

→ Old Dutch: *clōster

Middle Dutch: clôoster

Dutch: klooster

Limburgish: kloeaster

→ Old High German: klōstar

Middle High German: klōster

Alemannic German: Chlooster

Bavarian: Klosta

desctree

German: Kloster
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: клоштер, клоштар
Latin script: klošter, kloštar

Luxembourgish: Klouschter

→ Czech: klášter
→ Polish: klasztor

→ Slovak: kláštor

[ˈkɫ̪äu̯s̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]

Consists of claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum.
From Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”), related to Latin clāvis (“key”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).

cog

(New Latin) claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain)


faex

la-noun

faex f (genitive faecis); third declension

faecis (genitive)
faex (nominative singular)
faecēs (nominative plural)
faecis (genitive singular)
faecum (genitive plural)
faecī (dative singular)
faecibus (dative plural)
faecem (accusative singular)
faecēs (accusative plural)
faece (ablative singular)
faecibus (ablative plural)
faex (singular vocative)
faecēs (plural vocative)

Dutch: feces (with plural: de feces zijn), fecaliën

English: faeces, feces, faex

French: fèces

German: Fäkalien

Italian: feci

Portuguese: fez, fezes

Sardinian: feche, feghe, fexa, fexi

Spanish: hez, heces

Swedish: fekalier

Unknown; possibly borrowed from a substrate language. Unrelated to Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“dregs, sediment”).

m+

(Medieval Latin, brewing) grout (the mixture of malts and other ingredients that make up the grain bill and resulting mash in the brewing process of beer)


vibrissae

la-noun

vibrissae f pl (genitive vibrissārum); first declension

vibrissārum (genitive)
vibrissae (nominative plural)
vibrissārum (genitive plural)
vibrissīs (dative plural)
vibrissās (accusative plural)
vibrissīs (ablative plural)
vibrissae (plural vocative)

Italian: vibrissa

[u̯ɪˈbrɪs̠ːäe̯]


saeptum

saeptum n (genitive saeptī); second declension

saeptī (genitive)
saeptum (nominative singular)
saepta (nominative plural)
saeptī (genitive singular)
saeptōrum (genitive plural)
saeptō (dative singular)
saeptīs (dative plural)
saeptum (accusative singular)
saepta (accusative plural)
saeptō (ablative singular)
saeptīs (ablative plural)
saeptum (singular vocative)
saepta (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: septe (learned)

Italian: setto

Portuguese: seto, septo

Spanish: seto

From saeptus, perfect passive participle of saepiō (“to surround, to enclose”).

[ˈs̠äe̯pt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Anything used for enclosing:
(anatomy) The diaphragm, midriff.

Anything used for enclosing:
The diaphragm, midriff.


synchondrosis

synchondrōsis f (genitive synchondrōsis or synchondrōseōs or synchondrōsios); third declension

synchondrōsis (canonical feminine)
synchondrōsis (genitive)
synchondrōseōs (genitive)
synchondrōsios (genitive)
synchondrōsis (nominative singular)
synchondrōsēs (nominative plural)
synchondrōseis (nominative plural)
synchondrōsis (genitive singular)
synchondrōseōs (genitive singular)
synchondrōsios (genitive singular)
synchondrōsium (genitive plural)
synchondrōsī (dative singular)
synchondrōsibus (dative plural)
synchondrōsim (accusative singular)
synchondrōsin (accusative singular)
synchondrōsem (accusative singular)
synchondrōsēs (accusative plural)
synchondrōsīs (accusative plural)
synchondrōsī (ablative singular)
synchondrōse (ablative singular)
synchondrōsibus (ablative plural)
synchondrōsis (singular vocative)
synchondrōsi (singular vocative)
synchondrōsēs (plural vocative)
synchondrōseis (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῠγχόνδρωσῐς (sunkhóndrōsis, “junction of two bones by cartilage”), from σῠγ- (sug-, “with, together”) + χόνδρος (khóndros, “gristle, cartilage”) + -ωσῐς (-ōsis, “state, condition”).

bor

σῠγχόνδρωσῐς


risus

la-noun

rīsus m (genitive rīsūs); fourth declension

rīsus (canonical masculine)
rīsūs (genitive)
rīsus (nominative singular)
rīsūs (nominative plural)
rīsūs (genitive singular)
rīsuum (genitive plural)
rīsuī (dative singular)
rīsibus (dative plural)
rīsum (accusative singular)
rīsūs (accusative plural)
rīsū (ablative singular)
rīsibus (ablative plural)
rīsus (singular vocative)
rīsūs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: arãs

French: ris

Galician: riso, risa

Italian: riso

Occitan: ris

Portuguese: riso

Romanian: râs

Romansch: riez, riöz

Sardinian: rizu, risu, arrisu, errisu

Spanish: risa

Perfect passive participle of rīdeō (“laugh”).


gaster

gaster f (variously declined, genitive gasteris or gastrī); third declension, second declension

gasteris (genitive)
gastrī (genitive)
gaster (nominative singular)
gasterēs (nominative plural)
gastrī (nominative plural)
gasteris (genitive singular)
gastrī (genitive singular)
gasterum (genitive plural)
gastrōrum (genitive plural)
gasterī (dative singular)
gastrō (dative singular)
gasteribus (dative plural)
gastrīs (dative plural)
gasterem (accusative singular)
gastrum (accusative singular)
gasterēs (accusative plural)
gastrōs (accusative plural)
gastere (ablative singular)
gastrō (ablative singular)
gasteribus (ablative plural)
gastrīs (ablative plural)
gaster (singular vocative)
gasterēs (plural vocative)
gastrī (plural vocative)

Borrowing from Ancient Greek γᾰστήρ (gastḗr, “paunch, belly”).


ischias

la-noun

ischias f (genitive ischiadis); third declension

ischiadis (genitive)
ischias (nominative singular)
ischiadēs (nominative plural)
ischiadis (genitive singular)
ischiadum (genitive plural)
ischiadī (dative singular)
ischiadibus (dative plural)
ischiadem (accusative singular)
ischiadēs (accusative plural)
ischiade (ablative singular)
ischiadibus (ablative plural)
ischias (singular vocative)
ischiadēs (plural vocative)

[ˈɪs̠kʰiäs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἰσχιάς (iskhiás, “hip-disease; sciatica”).


nucha

la-noun

nucha f (genitive nuchae); first declension

nuchae (genitive)
nucha (nominative singular)
nuchae (nominative plural)
nuchae (genitive singular)
nuchārum (genitive plural)
nuchae (dative singular)
nuchīs (dative plural)
nucham (accusative singular)
nuchās (accusative plural)
nuchā (ablative singular)
nuchīs (ablative plural)
nucha (singular vocative)
nuchae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: nuca

desc

→ Middle English: nucha, nuche, nuca, nuka

English: nucha

→ Old French: nuche

Middle French: nuque, nuche

→ English: nuque

French: nuque

→ Italian: nuca

→ Portuguese: nuca

→ Spanish: nuca

From either Arabic نُخَاع (nuḵāʕ, “spinal marrow”) or Arabic نُقْرَة (nuqra, “hollow of the neck”).


hirsuties

la-noun

hī̆rsūtiēs f (genitive hī̆rsūtiēī); fifth declension

hī̆rsūtiēs (canonical feminine)
hī̆rsūtiēī (genitive)
hī̆rsūtiēs (nominative singular)
hī̆rsūtiēs (nominative plural)
hī̆rsūtiēī (genitive singular)
hī̆rsūtiērum (genitive plural)
hī̆rsūtiēī (dative singular)
hī̆rsūtiēbus (dative plural)
hī̆rsūtiem (accusative singular)
hī̆rsūtiēs (accusative plural)
hī̆rsūtiē (ablative singular)
hī̆rsūtiēbus (ablative plural)
hī̆rsūtiēs (singular vocative)
hī̆rsūtiēs (plural vocative)

English: hirsuties


scapulae

scapulae f pl (genitive scapulārum); first declension

scapulārum (genitive)
scapulae (nominative plural)
scapulārum (genitive plural)
scapulīs (dative plural)
scapulās (accusative plural)
scapulīs (ablative plural)
scapulae (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠käpʊɫ̪äe̯]

From Proto-Italic *skapelā.
Maybe ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kap-, a root common to Ancient Greek σκάπτω (skáptō, “to dig, delve”), σκαπάνη (skapánē, “spade, mattock”), Latvian kaplis (“hoe”) and Albanian kep (“to chisel”).


umerus

la-noun

umerus m (genitive umerī); second declension

umerī (genitive)
umerus (nominative singular)
umerī (nominative plural)
umerī (genitive singular)
umerōrum (genitive plural)
umerō (dative singular)
umerīs (dative plural)
umerum (accusative singular)
umerōs (accusative plural)
umerō (ablative singular)
umerīs (ablative plural)
umere (singular vocative)
umerī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: anumir, numir, umir

Istro-Romanian: rumer, umer

Megleno-Romanian: numir

Romanian: umăr

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: uembro

Asturian: hombru

Old Galician-Portuguese: ombro

Galician: ombro ⇒ ombreiro

Portuguese: ombro

Old Spanish: ombro

Spanish: hombro

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: vomaru

Gallurese: umaru

Italian: omero

Òc:

Gascon: ume, umbe, hume ⇒ humet

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: húmer

→ English: humerus

→ French: humérus

→ Galician: úmero

→ Portuguese: úmero

→ Romanian: humerus

→ Spanish: húmero

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃émsos (“shoulder”) by rhotacism and vowel anaptyxis -ms- > -mer-. Cognates include Ancient Greek ὦμος (ômos), Sanskrit अंस (áṃsa), and Gothic 𐌰𐌼𐍃 (ams).


salpinx

salpinx f (genitive salpingis); third declension

salpingis (genitive)
salpinx (nominative singular)
salpingēs (nominative plural)
salpingis (genitive singular)
salpingum (genitive plural)
salpingī (dative singular)
salpingibus (dative plural)
salpingem (accusative singular)
salpingēs (accusative plural)
salpinge (ablative singular)
salpingibus (ablative plural)
salpinx (singular vocative)
salpingēs (plural vocative)

→ English: salpinx

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σᾰ́λπῐγξ (sálpinx, “a war-trumpet”).

bor

(anatomy) salpinx; either the Fallopian tube of females or the Eustachian tube


diatessaron

[d̪iäˈt̪ɛs̠ːäroːn]

From Ancient Greek διά (diá) τεσσάρων (tessárōn) "every fourth".


tussedo

la-noun

tussēdō f (genitive tussēdinis); third declension

tussēdō (canonical feminine)
tussēdinis (genitive)
tussēdō (nominative singular)
tussēdinēs (nominative plural)
tussēdinis (genitive singular)
tussēdinum (genitive plural)
tussēdinī (dative singular)
tussēdinibus (dative plural)
tussēdinem (accusative singular)
tussēdinēs (accusative plural)
tussēdine (ablative singular)
tussēdinibus (ablative plural)
tussēdō (singular vocative)
tussēdinēs (plural vocative)

[t̪ʊs̠ˈs̠eːd̪oː]


novacula

novācula f (genitive novāculae); first declension

novācula (canonical feminine)
novāculae (genitive)
novācula (nominative singular)
novāculae (nominative plural)
novāculae (genitive singular)
novāculārum (genitive plural)
novāculae (dative singular)
novāculīs (dative plural)
novāculam (accusative singular)
novāculās (accusative plural)
novāculā (ablative singular)
novāculīs (ablative plural)
novācula (singular vocative)
novāculae (plural vocative)

Asturian: navaya

Catalan: navalla

Mirandese: nabalha

Old Galician-Portuguese: navalla

Galician: navalla

Portuguese: navalha

→ Portuguese: novácula

Spanish: navaja

[noˈu̯äːkʊɫ̪ä]

From Proto-Italic *(ks)nowātlā, probably from Proto-Indo-European *ksnew-, extended from *kes- (“to scratch, itch”). See also Latin saucius, Ancient Greek ξύω (xúō), and Old English besnyþian.


gravidus

la-adj

gravidus (feminine gravida, neuter gravidum); first/second-declension adjective

gravida (feminine)
gravidum (neuter)
gravidus (masculine nominative singular)
gravida (feminine nominative singular)
gravidum (neuter nominative singular)
gravidī (masculine nominative plural)
gravidae (feminine nominative plural)
gravida (neuter nominative plural)
gravidī (genitive masculine singular)
gravidae (feminine genitive singular)
gravidī (genitive neuter singular)
gravidōrum (genitive masculine plural)
gravidārum (feminine genitive plural)
gravidōrum (genitive neuter plural)
gravidō (dative masculine singular)
gravidae (dative feminine singular)
gravidō (dative neuter singular)
gravidīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
gravidum (accusative masculine singular)
gravidam (accusative feminine singular)
gravidum (accusative neuter singular)
gravidōs (accusative masculine plural)
gravidās (accusative feminine plural)
gravida (accusative neuter plural)
gravidō (ablative masculine singular)
gravidā (ablative feminine singular)
gravidō (ablative neuter singular)
gravidīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
gravide (masculine singular vocative)
gravida (feminine singular vocative)
gravidum (neuter singular vocative)
gravidī (masculine plural vocative)
gravidae (feminine plural vocative)
gravida (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: gràvid

Danish: gravid

English: gravid, gravida

Esperanto: graveda

→ French: gravide

Friulian: gravide

Ido: gravida

Italian: gravido

Norwegian Bokmål: gravid

Norwegian Nynorsk: gravid

→ Portuguese: grávido

→ Romanian: gravid

→ Spanish: grávido

Swedish: gravid

[ˈɡräu̯ɪd̪ʊs̠]