templum

la-noun

templum n (genitive templī); second declension

templī (genitive)
templum (nominative singular)
templa (nominative plural)
templī (genitive singular)
templōrum (genitive plural)
templō (dative singular)
templīs (dative plural)
templum (accusative singular)
templa (accusative plural)
templō (ablative singular)
templīs (ablative plural)
templum (singular vocative)
templa (plural vocative)

Old Spanish: tiemplo

Romanian: tâmplă

→ Asturian: templu

→ Catalan: temple

→ Friulian: templi

→ Italian: tempio, templo

→ Occitan: temple

desctree

→ Old French: temple
French: tempe
→ Middle English: temple
English: temple

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: templo
Galician: templo
Portuguese: templo

→ Old Spanish: templo

Spanish: templo

→ Piedmontese: tempi, templi

→ Albanian: tempull, tëmbla

→ Byzantine Greek: τέμπλον (témplon)

Greek: τέμπλο (témplo)

→ Hungarian: templom

→ Old Irish: tempul (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *temple

Breton: templ

Cornish: tempel

Middle Welsh: temhyl

Welsh: teml

→ Proto-West Germanic: *templ (see there for further descendants)

[ˈt̪ɛmpɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Term of uncertain origin, with no parallels in other Italic languages.
# Possibly a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temp- (“to stretch, pull”), whence Latvian tem̃pti (“to pull, stretch”), Old Norse þǫmb (“bow”), and further possibly Proto-Slavic *tętivà (“bowstring”), Old Armenian թամբ (tʻamb, “saddle”). Assuming a shift from “to stretch” to “to measure”, meant as the calculation of the aruspices. Compare also extempulō and more distantly tempus, tendō.
# Parallel formation to Ancient Greek τέμενος (témenos, “sacred enclosure”), reflecting Proto-Indo-European *témh₁-lom, from *temh₁- (“to cut”). The -p- would hence be epenthetic as in exemplum. Further related to temnō, tondeō.

cog

templa deō fīunt

Temples to the god are built
Shrines to the god are made [there]

a space dedicated to a deity; place of divine worship; sanctuary, shrine, temple


aedis

la-noun

aedis f (genitive aedis); third declension

aedis (genitive)
aedis (nominative singular)
aedēs (nominative plural)
aedis (genitive singular)
aedium (genitive plural)
aedī (dative singular)
aedibus (dative plural)
aedem (accusative singular)
aedēs (accusative plural)
aedīs (accusative plural)
aede (ablative singular)
aedibus (ablative plural)
aedis (singular vocative)
aedēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *aiðes, genitive of *aiss, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-s, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite; fire”).


aedicula

aedicula f (genitive aediculae); first declension

aediculae (genitive)
aedicula (nominative singular)
aediculae (nominative plural)
aediculae (genitive singular)
aediculārum (genitive plural)
aediculae (dative singular)
aediculīs (dative plural)
aediculam (accusative singular)
aediculās (accusative plural)
aediculā (ablative singular)
aediculīs (ablative plural)
aedicula (singular vocative)
aediculae (plural vocative)

→ English: aedicula

→ Portuguese: edícula

Italian: edicola

Spanish: edículo

[äe̯ˈd̪ɪkʊɫ̪ä]

Diminutive from aedēs (“a dwelling, sanctuary”) + -cula.


synagoga

synagōga f (genitive synagōgae); first declension

synagōga (canonical feminine)
synagōgae (genitive)
synagōga (nominative singular)
synagōgae (nominative plural)
synagōgae (genitive singular)
synagōgārum (genitive plural)
synagōgae (dative singular)
synagōgīs (dative plural)
synagōgam (accusative singular)
synagōgās (accusative plural)
synagōgā (ablative singular)
synagōgīs (ablative plural)
synagōga (singular vocative)
synagōgae (plural vocative)

Asturian: sinagoga

Catalan: sinagoga

Galician: sinagoga

Italian: sinagoga

Old French: synagoge

French: synagogue

→ German: Synagoge

→ Ladino: esnoga

→ Papiamentu: znoa

→ Middle Dutch: sinagoge

Dutch: synagoge
Afrikaans: sinagoge

desctree

→ Middle English: synagoge
English: synagogue
→ Middle Welsh: synagoc
Welsh: synagog

Portuguese: sinagoga

Romanian: sinagogă

Spanish: sinagoga

→ Esperanto: sinagogo

[s̠ʏnäˈɡoːɡä]

[sinäˈɡɔːɡä]


ecclesia

la-noun

ecclēsia f (genitive ecclēsiae); first declension

ecclēsia (canonical feminine)
ecclēsiae (genitive)
ecclēsia (nominative singular)
ecclēsiae (nominative plural)
ecclēsiae (genitive singular)
ecclēsiārum (genitive plural)
ecclēsiae (dative singular)
ecclēsiīs (dative plural)
ecclēsiam (accusative singular)
ecclēsiās (accusative plural)
ecclēsiā (ablative singular)
ecclēsiīs (ablative plural)
ecclēsia (singular vocative)
ecclēsiae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: chiesa, ghiesgia, jesgia

Italian: chiesa

→ Sicilian: chiesa

Neapolitan: chiesia, chiesa

Sicilian: crèsia

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: chegia, cheja, creia, cresia

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: cîṡa, cesa, jesa

Ligurian: gexa

Lombard: gesa, cesa, gesia, xesa

Piedmontese:

Occidental: gesia

Oriental: cesa

Romagnol: cisa, ciṡa

Friulian: glesie

Istriot: cesa

Ladin: dlieja, gejia

Venetan: ceza

Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: égllése, egleisi, élaise

Old French: eglise (see there for further descendants)

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: esglesia, sglesia, esglea, esgleia, glesa, glesia

Catalan: església

Old Occitan: gleiza, glieza, glieyza

Occitan: glèisa, gleisa

Auvergnat: lhèisa, glheisa

Vivaro-Alpine: lhèisa, glhèisa

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: iglesia

Aragonese: ilesia

Old Leonese: eglesia, iglesa

Asturian: ilesia, eglesia, eigresia, eilesia, igresia, iresia, inglesia

Extremaduran: igresia

Leonese: ilesia

Mirandese: eigreija

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: igreja, egreja, egleja, ygreja
Galician: igrexa
Portuguese: igreja (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: eglesia
Ladino: iglesia, iglezia
Spanish: iglesia (see there for further descendants)
→ Sabir: iglezia

Ancient borrowings:

→ Albanian: kishë

→ Basque: eliza

→ Old Irish: eclais (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *egluɨs (see there for further descendants)

Later borrowings:

→ English: ecclesia

→ Esperanto: eklezio

→ Ido: eklezio

→ Interlingua: ecclesia

→ Portuguese: eclésia

[ɛkˈkɫ̪eːs̠iä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía).

Et ego dico tibi, quia tu es Petrus, et super hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam, et portae inferi non praevalebunt adversus eam.

And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)


lararium

la-noun

larārium n (genitive larāriī or larārī); second declension

larārium (canonical neuter)
larāriī (genitive)
larārī (genitive)
larārium (nominative singular)
larāria (nominative plural)
larāriī (genitive singular)
larārī (genitive singular)
larāriōrum (genitive plural)
larāriō (dative singular)
larāriīs (dative plural)
larārium (accusative singular)
larāria (accusative plural)
larāriō (ablative singular)
larāriīs (ablative plural)
larārium (singular vocative)
larāria (plural vocative)

[ɫ̪äˈräːriʊ̃ˑ]

From Larēs (“household gods”) + -ārium (“place for”).

affix

in a Roman home, the part of the house set aside as a shrine or chapel for the household gods.


amphiprostylos

la-noun

amphiprostȳlos m (genitive amphiprostȳlī); second declension

amphiprostȳlos (canonical masculine)
amphiprostȳlī (genitive)
amphiprostȳlos (nominative singular)
amphiprostȳlī (nominative plural)
amphiprostȳlī (genitive singular)
amphiprostȳlōrum (genitive plural)
amphiprostȳlō (dative singular)
amphiprostȳlīs (dative plural)
amphiprostȳlon (accusative singular)
amphiprostȳlōs (accusative plural)
amphiprostȳlō (ablative singular)
amphiprostȳlīs (ablative plural)
amphiprostȳle (singular vocative)
amphiprostȳlī (plural vocative)

Catalan: amfipròstil

→ English: amphiprostyle

French: amphiprostyle

→ German: Amphiprostylos

desc

αμφιπρόστυλος

→ Greek: αμφιπρόστυλος (amfipróstylos)

Italian: anfiprostilo

→ Macedonian: амфипростил (amfiprostil)

Portuguese: anfipróstilo

амфипро́стиль

→ Russian: амфипро́стиль (amfipróstilʹ)

Spanish: anfipróstilo

[ämpʰɪprɔs̠ˈt̪yːɫ̪ɔs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἀμφι- (amphi-, “on both sides”) + πρόστῡλον (próstūlon, “portico”), neuter substantivization of πρόστῡλος (próstūlos, “with pillars in front”).

der

(architecture) a temple with pillars at each end, but not at the side


Iceni

la-proper noun

Icēnī m pl (genitive Icēnōrum); second declension

Icēnī (canonical masculine plural)
Icēnōrum (genitive)
Icēnī (nominative plural)
Icēnōrum (genitive plural)
Icēnīs (dative plural)
Icēnōs (accusative plural)
Icēnīs (ablative plural)
Icēnī (plural vocative)

Possibly from Proto-Brythonic *uxī (“ox”), from *uxsū, from Proto-Celtic *uksōn, from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn. Or, from a Celtic source representing modern Welsh echen (“lineage, stock, tribe”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“side, flank, breast”).


Cassi

la-proper noun

Cassī m pl (genitive Cassōrum); second declension

Cassī (canonical masculine plural)
Cassōrum (genitive)
Cassī (nominative plural)
Cassōrum (genitive plural)
Cassīs (dative plural)
Cassōs (accusative plural)
Cassīs (ablative plural)
Cassī (plural vocative)

Trinovantibus defensis atque ab omni militum iniuria prohibitis, Cenimagni, Segontiaci, Ancalites, Bibroci, Cassi legationibus missis sese Caesari dedunt.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.21

The Trinobantes being protected and secured from any violence of the soldiers, the Cenimagni, the Segontiaci, the Ancalites, the Bibroci, and the Cassi, sending embassies, surrendered themselves to Caesar.

A Celtic tribe of Britannia, mentioned by Caesar.


Trinovantes

Trinovantēs m pl (genitive Trinovantium); third declension

Trinovantēs (canonical masculine plural)
Trinovantium (genitive)
Trinovantēs (nominative plural)
Trinovantium (genitive plural)
Trinovantibus (dative plural)
Trinovantēs (accusative plural)
Trinovantīs (accusative plural)
Trinovantibus (ablative plural)
Trinovantēs (plural vocative)


Trinobantes

Trinobantēs m pl (genitive Trinobantium); third declension

Trinobantēs (canonical masculine plural)
Trinobantium (genitive)
Trinobantēs (nominative plural)
Trinobantium (genitive plural)
Trinobantibus (dative plural)
Trinobantēs (accusative plural)
Trinobantīs (accusative plural)
Trinobantibus (ablative plural)
Trinobantēs (plural vocative)

A Celtic tribe of Britannia, whose capital was Camulodunum


Ancalites

Ancalitēs m pl (genitive Ancalitum); third declension

Ancalitēs (canonical masculine plural)
Ancalitum (genitive)
Ancalitēs (nominative plural)
Ancalitum (genitive plural)
Ancalitibus (dative plural)
Ancalitēs (accusative plural)
Ancalitibus (ablative plural)
Ancalitēs (plural vocative)

[äŋkäˈlʲiːt̪eːs̠]


Caliburnus

Caliburnus m sg (genitive Caliburnī); second declension

Caliburnī (genitive)
Caliburnus (nominative singular)
Caliburnī (genitive singular)
Caliburnō (dative singular)
Caliburnum (accusative singular)
Caliburnō (ablative singular)
Caliburne (singular vocative)

Latinization of Old Welsh Caledfwlch, perhaps influenced by calibs, a medieval spelling variant of chalybs (“iron, steel”). First attested in, and likely coined by, Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1136).

Accinctus etiam Caliburno gladio optimo, et in insula Avallonis fabricato: lancea dexteram suam decorat, quae nomine Ron vocabatur: haec erat ardua lataque lancea, cladibus apta. […] Arma sua nihil eis proficiebant, quin Caliburnus dextera tam virtuosi regis vibratus, cogeret ipsos animas eructare cum sanguine.

c. 1136, Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae IX-X

Then girding on his Excalibur, which was an excellent sword made in the isle of Avallon, he graced his right hand with his lance, named Ron, which was hard, broad, and fit for slaughter. […] Their arms were no manner of protection from them against the force with which this valiant prince wielded his Excalibur.

(Medieval Latin, Arthurian legend) Excalibur (the legendary sword of King Arthur, having magical properties).


Segontiaci

Segontiacī m pl (genitive Segontiacōrum); second declension

Segontiacī (canonical masculine plural)
Segontiacōrum (genitive)
Segontiacī (nominative plural)
Segontiacōrum (genitive plural)
Segontiacīs (dative plural)
Segontiacōs (accusative plural)
Segontiacīs (ablative plural)
Segontiacī (plural vocative)

[s̠ɛɡɔn̪ˈt̪iäkiː]


Bibroci

Bibrocī m pl (genitive Bibrocōrum); second declension

Bibrocī (canonical masculine plural)
Bibrocōrum (genitive)
Bibrocī (nominative plural)
Bibrocōrum (genitive plural)
Bibrocīs (dative plural)
Bibrocōs (accusative plural)
Bibrocīs (ablative plural)
Bibrocī (plural vocative)


Cenimagni

Cenimagnī m pl (genitive Cenimagnōrum); second declension

Cenimagnī (canonical masculine plural)
Cenimagnōrum (genitive)
Cenimagnī (nominative plural)
Cenimagnōrum (genitive plural)
Cenimagnīs (dative plural)
Cenimagnōs (accusative plural)
Cenimagnīs (ablative plural)
Cenimagnī (plural vocative)

A Celtic tribe of Britannia, mentioned by Julius Caesar.