gerundium

la-noun

gerundium n (genitive gerundiī or gerundī); second declension

gerundiī (genitive)
gerundī (genitive)
gerundium (nominative singular)
gerundia (nominative plural)
gerundiī (genitive singular)
gerundī (genitive singular)
gerundiōrum (genitive plural)
gerundiō (dative singular)
gerundiīs (dative plural)
gerundium (accusative singular)
gerundia (accusative plural)
gerundiō (ablative singular)
gerundiīs (ablative plural)
gerundium (singular vocative)
gerundia (plural vocative)

Catalan: gerundi

English: gerund

Galician: xerundio

German: Gerundium

Greek: γερούνδιον (geroúndion)

Italian: gerundio

Portuguese: gerúndio

Romanian: gerunziu

Spanish: gerundio

[ɡɛˈrʊn̪d̪iʊ̃ˑ]

From gerendus (“which is to be carried out”), future passive participle (gerundive) of gerō (“carry, bear”).

(grammar) the gerund, in latin a verbal noun inflected in the accusative, genitive, dative and ablative cases used to convey different verbal meanings. Not to be confused with the gerundīvum (future passive participle).


fusa

fūsa f (genitive fūsae); first declension

fūsa (canonical feminine)
fūsae (genitive)
fūsa (nominative singular)
fūsae (nominative plural)
fūsae (genitive singular)
fūsārum (genitive plural)
fūsae (dative singular)
fūsīs (dative plural)
fūsam (accusative singular)
fūsās (accusative plural)
fūsā (ablative singular)
fūsīs (ablative plural)
fūsa (singular vocative)
fūsae (plural vocative)

(music) quaver (British), eighth note (US)


exactor

exāctor m (genitive exāctōris); third declension

exāctor (canonical masculine)
exāctōris (genitive)
exāctor (nominative singular)
exāctōrēs (nominative plural)
exāctōris (genitive singular)
exāctōrum (genitive plural)
exāctōrī (dative singular)
exāctōribus (dative plural)
exāctōrem (accusative singular)
exāctōrēs (accusative plural)
exāctōre (ablative singular)
exāctōribus (ablative plural)
exāctor (singular vocative)
exāctōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: exactor

Galician: exactor

Italian: esattore

Portuguese: exator

Spanish: exactor

[ɛkˈs̠äːkt̪ɔr]


Frigga

la-proper noun

Frigga f sg (genitive Friggae); first declension

Friggae (genitive)
Frigga (nominative singular)
Friggae (genitive singular)
Friggae (dative singular)
Friggam (accusative singular)
Friggā (ablative singular)
Frigga (singular vocative)


lex lata

la-noun

lēx lāta f sg (genitive lēgis lātae); third declension

lēx lāta (canonical feminine singular)
lēgis lātae (genitive)
lēx lāta (nominative singular)
lēgis lātae (genitive singular)
lēgī lātae (dative singular)
lēgem lātam (accusative singular)
lēge lātā (ablative singular)
lēx lāta (singular vocative)

Literally "the law borne", i.e. ratified. Compare lēgislātor (“one who makes laws”); literally, "bearer of the law".


columbarium

columbārium n (genitive columbāriī or columbārī); second declension

columbārium (canonical neuter)
columbāriī (genitive)
columbārī (genitive)
columbārium (nominative singular)
columbāria (nominative plural)
columbāriī (genitive singular)
columbārī (genitive singular)
columbāriōrum (genitive plural)
columbāriō (dative singular)
columbāriīs (dative plural)
columbārium (accusative singular)
columbāria (accusative plural)
columbāriō (ablative singular)
columbāriīs (ablative plural)
columbārium (singular vocative)
columbāria (plural vocative)

[kɔɫ̪ʊmˈbäːriʊ̃ˑ]

From columba (“dove”) + -ārium (“place for”).

dovecote, birdhouse for domestic pigeons

(architecture) a hole for a horizontal member such as a joist or rafter; a gain or mortise

an underground chamber for interring cremated remains, with niches for the urns of ashes


Chimaera

la-proper noun

Chimaera f sg (genitive Chimaerae); first declension

Chimaerae (genitive)
Chimaera (nominative singular)
Chimaerae (genitive singular)
Chimaerae (dative singular)
Chimaeram (accusative singular)
Chimaerā (ablative singular)
Chimaera (singular vocative)

[kʰɪˈmäe̯rä]

From Ancient Greek Χίμαιρα (Khímaira, “fire-breathing Lycian monster, fire-spewing Lycian or Cilician mountain”), from χίμαιρα (khímaira, “she-goat”).


biblia

la-noun

biblia n pl (genitive bibliōrum); second declension

bibliōrum (genitive)
biblia (nominative plural)
bibliōrum (genitive plural)
bibliīs (dative plural)
biblia (accusative plural)
bibliīs (ablative plural)
biblia (plural vocative)

Alternative letter-case form of Biblia (“the Bible”)


biblia

biblia f (genitive bibliae); first declension

bibliae (genitive)
biblia (nominative singular)
bibliae (nominative plural)
bibliae (genitive singular)
bibliārum (genitive plural)
bibliae (dative singular)
bibliīs (dative plural)
bibliam (accusative singular)
bibliās (accusative plural)
bibliā (ablative singular)
bibliīs (ablative plural)
biblia (singular vocative)
bibliae (plural vocative)


fascinum

fascinum n (genitive fascinī); second declension

fascinī (genitive)
fascinum (nominative singular)
fascina (nominative plural)
fascinī (genitive singular)
fascinōrum (genitive plural)
fascinō (dative singular)
fascinīs (dative plural)
fascinum (accusative singular)
fascina (accusative plural)
fascinō (ablative singular)
fascinīs (ablative plural)
fascinum (singular vocative)
fascina (plural vocative)

→ English: fascinum

Italian: fascino

⇒ Portuguese: fascínio

[ˈfäs̠kɪnʊ̃ˑ]

Unknown; compare Ancient Greek βάσκανος (báskanos, “sorcerer, slanderer”, adjective and noun), possibly from the same European substrate language.


Horus

la-noun

Hōrus m sg (genitive Hōrī); second declension

Hōrus (canonical masculine singular)
Hōrī (genitive)
Hōrus (nominative singular)
Hōrī (genitive singular)
Hōrō (dative singular)
Hōrum (accusative singular)
Hōrō (ablative singular)
Hōre (singular vocative)

Danish: Horus

English: Horus

German: Horus

Japanese: ホルス

Polish: Horus

Spanish: Horus

From Ancient Greek Ὧρος (Hôros), from Egyptian ḥr.


Ephraim

[ɛˈpʰräːɪ̃ˑ]

From the Ancient Greek Ἐφραΐμ (Ephraḯm), from the Biblical Hebrew אֶפְרַיִם (Efráyim).

Ephraim (son of Joseph, progenitor of one of the twelve tribes of Israel)


aclys

āclys f (genitive āclydis); third declension

āclys (canonical feminine)
āclydis (genitive)
āclys (nominative singular)
āclydes (nominative plural)
āclydēs (nominative plural)
āclydis (genitive singular)
āclydum (genitive plural)
āclydī (dative singular)
āclydibus (dative plural)
āclyda (accusative singular)
āclydem (accusative singular)
āclydas (accusative plural)
āclydēs (accusative plural)
āclyde (ablative singular)
āclydibus (ablative plural)
āclys (singular vocative)
āclydes (plural vocative)
āclydēs (plural vocative)

First attested in Virgil’s Aeneid, taken from the Ancient Greek ἀγκῠλῐ́ς (ankulís, “hook”, “barb”).

der

Teretes sunt aclydes illis
tela, sed haec lento mos est aptare flagello.
Their arms are tapered javelins, which they wear bound by a coiling thong. ― tr.: T.C. Williams, The Æneid of Virgil translated into English verse (1908), bk vii, p. 253

29–19 BC, P. Vergilius Maro (aut.), J.B. Greenough (ed.), Aeneis in The Bucolics, Æneid, and Georgics of Virgil (1900), bk vii, ll. 730f.

Iamque Ebusus Phoenissa movet, movet Arbacus arma,

c.''' AD 83–96, Ti. Catius Asconius Silius Italicus (aut.), J.D. Duff (ed.), Punica I (1927), bk iii, ll. 362f (p. 140)

Now Phoenician Ebusus rises in arms; and the Arbacians, fierce fighters with the dart or slender javelin. ― tr.: ibidem, p. 141

Aclydes, iacula brevia.

c.''' AD 205–220, Nonius Marcellus (aut.), W.M. Lindsay (ed.), De Conpendiosa Doctrina libri XX (1903), vol. III, bk xix, 554 M., l. 3 (p. 889)

Cur modo præcipites Aclydas ſeponis ab arcu?

1531, Franciscus Bonadus, Eximii prophetarum antiſtitis regia Dauidis oracula, p. 116:

Why do you now lay the swift javelins apart from the bow?


lanugo

la-noun

lānūgō f (genitive lānūginis); third declension

lānūgō (canonical feminine)
lānūginis (genitive)
lānūgō (nominative singular)
lānūginēs (nominative plural)
lānūginis (genitive singular)
lānūginum (genitive plural)
lānūginī (dative singular)
lānūginibus (dative plural)
lānūginem (accusative singular)
lānūginēs (accusative plural)
lānūgine (ablative singular)
lānūginibus (ablative plural)
lānūgō (singular vocative)
lānūginēs (plural vocative)

→ English: lanugo

→ Esperanto: lanugo

→ Italian: lanugine

→ Polish: lanugo

→ Spanish: lanugo

[ɫ̪äːˈnuːɡoː]

(in the poetry of every age and in post-Augustan prose) woolly substance, the down of plants, of youthful cheeks, etc.


lustrum

lustrum n (genitive lustrī); second declension

lustrī (genitive)
lustrum (nominative singular)
lustra (nominative plural)
lustrī (genitive singular)
lustrōrum (genitive plural)
lustrō (dative singular)
lustrīs (dative plural)
lustrum (accusative singular)
lustra (accusative plural)
lustrō (ablative singular)
lustrīs (ablative plural)
lustrum (singular vocative)
lustra (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: lyshtër

→ English: luster (“den”)

Per De Vaan (2008), from Proto-Indo-European *l(H)u-(s)tro- (“dirty place”), from Proto-Indo-European *le(H)w- (the same root as lutum (“mud, dirt, clay”)). Valpy (1828) proposed instead a borrowing, with change of *d to /l/, from Ancient Greek *δύστρον (*dústron), from δύω (dúō, “to plunge”).

der

(usually in the plural) den or lair of wild beasts; wood, forest


cognomen

la-noun

cognōmen n (genitive cognōminis); third declension

cognōmen (canonical neuter)
cognōminis (genitive)
cognōmen (nominative singular)
cognōmina (nominative plural)
cognōminis (genitive singular)
cognōminum (genitive plural)
cognōminī (dative singular)
cognōminibus (dative plural)
cognōmen (accusative singular)
cognōmina (accusative plural)
cognōmine (ablative singular)
cognōminibus (ablative plural)
cognōmen (singular vocative)
cognōmina (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: cognom

→ English: cognomen

→ French: cognomen

→ Italian: cognome
→ Cimbrian: konjåm

→ Portuguese: cognome

→ Romanian: cognomen

→ Sicilian: cugnumi

→ Spanish: cognome

From con- (“together, with”) + nōmen (“name”). The g is from false association, or analogy, with cognōscō (“recognize”)


lex ferenda

la-noun

lēx ferenda f sg (genitive lēgis ferendae); third declension

lēx ferenda (canonical feminine singular)
lēgis ferendae (genitive)
lēx ferenda (nominative singular)
lēgis ferendae (genitive singular)
lēgī ferendae (dative singular)
lēgem ferendam (accusative singular)
lēge ferendā (ablative singular)
lēx ferenda (singular vocative)

Literally, "the law to be borne", as opposed to lēx lāta.


punctum

pūnctum n (genitive pūnctī); second declension

pūnctum (canonical neuter)
pūnctī (genitive)
pūnctum (nominative singular)
pūncta (nominative plural)
pūnctī (genitive singular)
pūnctōrum (genitive plural)
pūnctō (dative singular)
pūnctīs (dative plural)
pūnctum (accusative singular)
pūncta (accusative plural)
pūnctō (ablative singular)
pūnctīs (ablative plural)
pūnctum (singular vocative)
pūncta (plural vocative)

Asturian: puntu

Catalan: punt

Danish: punkt

→ Danish: punktum

→ Dutch: punt

→ English: punctum

Friulian: pont

Galician: punto

German: Punkt, → Punktum

→ Esperanto: punkto

→ Serbo-Croatian: punkt

→ Hungarian: pont

→ Romanian: pont

Irish: ponc

Italian: punto

→ English: punto

→ Middle Low German: punct

→ Danish: punkt

→ Old Norse: punktr

Norwegian Bokmål: punkt

Swedish: punktr

Norwegian Bokmål: punktum

Occitan: ponch

desctree

→ Old Czech: punkt (learned)
Czech: punkt

Old French: point

→ Middle English: point

English: point, p'int
→ Cantonese: point
→ Indonesian: poin
→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)
→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)

Middle French: poinct

French: point

→ Danish: point

→ Dutch: punt

→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng

→ Polish: pointa

→ Swedish: poäng

→ Turkish: puan

Norman: point

Portuguese: ponto

→ Polish: punkt (learned)

→ Romanian: punct

Russian: пункт (punkt)

Sicilian: puntu

Spanish: punto

→ Tagalog: punto

Swedish: punkt

Venetan: ponto

→ Welsh: pwnc

→ Welsh: pwyth

[ˈpʊŋkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Neuter form of pūnctus, the perfect passive participle of pungō (“to prick, puncture”).

I. Pūnctum est cujus pars nūlla est.
Addendum est, situm habēns. Aliōquī et temporis īnstāns, et Anima pūnctum foret. Sit locus #x5C;bar#x7B;X#x7D;; sī jam quicquid est in locō #x5C;bar#x7B;X#x7D;, sit X, dīcētur X esse pūnctum, quāle A.

1858 [1712], Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, edited by Carl Immanuel Gerhardt and Georg Heinrich Pertz, Gesammelte Werke: Leibnizens mathematische Schriften [Collected Works: Leibniz's Mathematical Writings], volume 5, "In Euclidis πρῶτα" [About the first things of Euclid], page 183:

1. A point is that of which there is no part.
Having a position must be added. Otherwise, both an instant of time and a Soul would be a point. Let there be a locus ̄X; if anything is already in the locus ̄X, let it be X. X will be said to be a point, such as A.


imitator

la-noun

imitātor m (genitive imitātōris); third declension

imitātor (canonical masculine)
imitātōris (genitive)
imitātor (nominative singular)
imitātōrēs (nominative plural)
imitātōris (genitive singular)
imitātōrum (genitive plural)
imitātōrī (dative singular)
imitātōribus (dative plural)
imitātōrem (accusative singular)
imitātōrēs (accusative plural)
imitātōre (ablative singular)
imitātōribus (ablative plural)
imitātor (singular vocative)
imitātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: imitador

English: imitator

French: imitateur

Galician: imitador

Italian: imitatore

Portuguese: imitador

Romanian: imitator

Russian: имита́тор (imitátor)

Spanish: imitador

[ɪmɪˈt̪äːt̪ɔr]


Esther

la-proper noun

Esther f sg (genitive Esthēris); third declension

Esthēr (canonical feminine)
Esther (canonical feminine singular)
Esthēris (genitive)
Esthēr (nominative singular)
Esther (nominative singular)
Esthēr (genitive singular)
Esthēris (genitive singular)
Esthēr (dative singular)
Esthērī (dative singular)
Esthēr (accusative singular)
Esthērem (accusative singular)
Esthēr (ablative singular)
Esthēre (ablative singular)
Esthēr (singular vocative)
Esther (singular vocative)

→ Asturian: Ester

→ Catalan: Ester

→ Czech: Ester

→ Danish: Ester, Esther

→ Dutch: Esther

→ English: Ester, Esther

→ Estonian: Ester

→ Faroese: Ester

→ Finnish: Ester

→ French: Esther

→ German: Ester, Esther

→ Icelandic: Ester

→ Italian: Ester

→ Norman: Estèr

→ Norwegian: Ester, Esther

→ Occitan: Estèr

→ Polish: Estera

→ Portuguese: Ester, Esther

→ Romanian: Ester

→ Scottish Gaelic: Ester

→ Slovak: Ester, Estera

→ Spanish: Ester, Esther

→ Swedish: Ester

[ˈɛs̠t̪ʰeːr]

From Biblical Hebrew אֶסְתֵּר (ʾestēr) (possibly via Ancient Greek Ἐσθήρ (Esthḗr)), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎼 (a-s-t-r /star-/, “star”) or from עִשְׁתָּר (ʿištār, “Ishtar”). Compare Middle Persian [script needed] (stl /star/, “star”), [script needed] (stʾlk' /stārag/, “star”), Modern Persian ستاره (setâre, “star”).


discus

la-noun

discus m (genitive discī); second declension

discī (genitive)
discus (nominative singular)
discī (nominative plural)
discī (genitive singular)
discōrum (genitive plural)
discō (dative singular)
discīs (dative plural)
discum (accusative singular)
discōs (accusative plural)
discō (ablative singular)
discīs (ablative plural)
disce (singular vocative)
discī (plural vocative)

Old French: deis, dois

French: dais

desctree

→ Middle English: deis
English: dais
Scots: deas, deece

Old Italian: desco

Italian: desco

→ Medieval Latin: desca

→ Middle English: deske, desque

English: desk
→ Irish: deasc
→ Welsh: desg

Scots: dask

Old Occitan:

Occitan: des

Old Spanish:

Spanish: desca, desga

→ Albanian: dhisk

→ Albanian: dishkë

Albanian: dishtë

→ Asturian: discu

→ Catalan: disc

→ Danish: diskos

→ Dutch: discus

→ French: disque
→ English: disc
→ Norman: disque
→ Persian: دیسک (disk)
→ Romanian: disc
→ Turkish: disk

→ English: discus

→ Galician: disco

→ Proto-West Germanic: *disk (see there for further descendants)

→ Hebrew: דִּיסְקוּס (dískus)

→ Italian: disco

→ Portuguese: disco

→ Sicilian: discu

→ Spanish: disco
→ Basque: disko

→ Swedish: diskus

→ Middle Welsh: dyskyl

Welsh: dysgl

[ˈd̪ɪs̠kʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίσκος (dískos).

(Medieval Latin) table, a piece of furniture with a flat surface to eat from or write upon


armarium

la-noun

armārium n (genitive armāriī or armārī); second declension

armārium (canonical neuter)
armāriī (genitive)
armārī (genitive)
armārium (nominative singular)
armāria (nominative plural)
armāriī (genitive singular)
armārī (genitive singular)
armāriōrum (genitive plural)
armāriō (dative singular)
armāriīs (dative plural)
armārium (accusative singular)
armāria (accusative plural)
armāriō (ablative singular)
armāriīs (ablative plural)
armārium (singular vocative)
armāria (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Romanian: armar

Old Francoprovençal: armero, armoiri

Franco-Provençal: armoiri

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: armèri, armàri (Carpi)

desc

Lombard: armari, armèri, arnuaar, assmari

Piedmontese: armari

Romagnol: armeri

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: armadiu, armariu

desctree

Dalmatian: armir, armar
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ормар
Latin script: ormar

Italian: armaio

Istriot: armièr

Sicilian: armariu, armaru

Old Occitan:

Occitan: armari

Old Catalan: armari

Catalan: armari, armer

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: armâr

Ladin: armer

desc

Sardinian: almariu, ammariu, armagliu, ammarzu, armariu, armarzu

Venetan: armaro, armèr

Western Iberian

Navarro-Aragonese:

Old Leonese:

Mirandese: almairo

Old Galician-Portuguese: armeyro

Portuguese: armeiro

Old Spanish:

Spanish: armero ?

→ Albanian: almer

Aragonese: almario

Asturian: almariu, armariu

→ English: armarium

→ Galician: armario

→ Koine Greek: ἐρμάριον (ermárion)

→ Hungarian: almárium

→ Italian: armario, armadio

→ Ladino: armario, almario

→ Old French: armaire, aumaire

Middle French:

desctree

French: armoire
Louisiana Creole: larmwa (via le armoire)
Seychellois Creole: larmwar (via le armoire)
→ English: armoire
Sicilian: armuarra, muarra

Norman: aurmoire, ormouère (continental), armouaithe (Jersey)

Walloon: ârmâ

→ Middle English: almerie, almarie, almory, almry, awmerie, almere, almare, armarie
English: ambry, almery, aumbrie, aumbry, ambery
Scots: aumry, amry, amery, aumbry, ambry

→ Portuguese: armário (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: armario

→ Yiddish: אַלמער (almer)

[ärˈmäːriʊ̃ˑ]

a cupboard, closet, chest, especially one in the sacristy of a church where vestments are kept


consul

la-noun

cōnsul m (genitive cōnsulis); third declension

cōnsul (canonical masculine)
cōnsulis (genitive)
cōnsul (nominative singular)
cōnsulēs (nominative plural)
cōnsulis (genitive singular)
cōnsulum (genitive plural)
cōnsulī (dative singular)
cōnsulibus (dative plural)
cōnsulem (accusative singular)
cōnsulēs (accusative plural)
cōnsule (ablative singular)
cōnsulibus (ablative plural)
cōnsul (singular vocative)
cōnsulēs (plural vocative)

→ Czech: konšel

desctree

→ Old English: consul
Middle English: consul, consoul
English: consul
Scots: consul

Old Francoprovençal: cóssel, cóssol, cossiel

Franco-Provençal: coússol, coússel

→ French: consul
→ Romanian: consul
→ Thai: กงสุล (gong-sǔn)
→ Turkish: konsül
→ Persian: کنسول (konsul)

→ German: Konsul

→ Italian: console

Old Occitan: cossel

Occitan: cossèl

→ Portuguese: cônsul

→ Russian: ко́нсул (kónsul), ко́нсулъ (kónsul) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Azerbaijani: konsul
→ Belarusian: ко́нсул (kónsul)
→ Crimean Tatar: konsul
→ Estonian: konsul
→ Georgian: კონსული (ḳonsuli)
→ Kazakh: консул (konsul)
→ Kyrgyz: консул (konsul)
→ Latvian: konsuls
→ Lithuanian: konsulas
→ Mongolian: консул (konsul)
→ Tajik: консул (konsul)
→ Turkmen: konsul
→ Ukrainian: ко́нсул (kónsul)
→ Uzbek: konsul

→ Sicilian: cùnzuli, cùnzulu

→ Spanish: cónsul

→ Swedish: konsul

From earlier consol. Root noun to cōnsulō.

O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?

"Shame on the age and on its principles! The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives? "

consul: either of the two highest-ranking officials of the Roman republic, elected annually


tympanum

la-noun

tympanum n (genitive tympanī); second declension

tympanī (genitive)
tympanum (nominative singular)
tympana (nominative plural)
tympanī (genitive singular)
tympanōrum (genitive plural)
tympanō (dative singular)
tympanīs (dative plural)
tympanum (accusative singular)
tympana (accusative plural)
tympanō (ablative singular)
tympanīs (ablative plural)
tympanum (singular vocative)
tympana (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: timpà

→ English: tympanum, timpani

→ French: tympan

→ Galician: tímpano

→ Irish: tiompán

→ Italian: timpano; tempano (Lucca), tempono (Arezzo)

→ Neapolitan: timpanu (Calabria)

→ Old English: timpan

→ Portuguese: tímpano

Provençal: temp(l)o

Romanian: tâmpină, tîmpină, întâmpina

Sardinian: trimpanu

→ Spanish: tímpano, tembal; timple (Murcia)

[ˈt̪ʏmpänʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τῠ́μπᾰνον (túmpanon, “a kettledrum, drum”), from τῠ́πτω (túptō, “to strike, beat, smite”).

bor

(literally, music) drum, timbrel, tambour, tambourine

(figurative) timbrel as a figure of something effeminate or enervating

(transferred sense) (of things of a like shape):

(of things of a like shape):
triangular area of a pediment

(of things of a like shape):
panel of a door

(of things of a like shape):
part of the clepsydra


runa

la-noun

rūna f (genitive rūnae); first declension

rūna (canonical feminine)
rūnae (genitive)
rūna (nominative singular)
rūnae (nominative plural)
rūnae (genitive singular)
rūnārum (genitive plural)
rūnae (dative singular)
rūnīs (dative plural)
rūnam (accusative singular)
rūnās (accusative plural)
rūnā (ablative singular)
rūnīs (ablative plural)
rūna (singular vocative)
rūnae (plural vocative)


Philemon

Philēmōn m sg (genitive Philēmonis); third declension

Philēmōn (canonical masculine singular)
Philēmonis (genitive)
Philēmōn (nominative singular)
Philēmonis (genitive singular)
Philēmōnis (genitive singular)
Philēmonī (dative singular)
Philēmōnī (dative singular)
Philēmonem (accusative singular)
Philēmōnem (accusative singular)
Philēmone (ablative singular)
Philēmōne (ablative singular)
Philēmōn (singular vocative)

[pʰɪˈɫ̪eːmoːn]

From Ancient Greek Φιλήμων (Philḗmōn), from φιλήμων (philḗmōn, “kindly, affectionate”), from φιλέω (philéō, “I love”).

(Greek mythology) Philemon (a pious rustic, the husband of Baucis, who gave hospitality to Zeus)


Hellen

la-proper noun

Hellēn m sg (genitive Hellēnis); third declension

Hellēn (canonical masculine singular)
Hellēnis (genitive)
Hellēn (nominative singular)
Hellēnis (genitive singular)
Hellēnī (dative singular)
Hellēnem (accusative singular)
Hellēne (ablative singular)
Hellēn (singular vocative)

Asturian: helenu

Catalan: hel·lè

French: hellène

Italian: elleno

Portuguese: heleno

Romanian: elen

Spanish: heleno

(Greek mythology) Hellen (mythological patriarch of the Greeks)


Mithras

Mithrās m sg (genitive Mithrae); first declension

Mithrās (canonical masculine singular)
Mithrae (genitive)
Mithrās (nominative singular)
Mithrae (genitive singular)
Mithrae (dative singular)
Mithrān (accusative singular)
Mithrā (ablative singular)
Mithrā (singular vocative)

[ˈmɪt̪ʰräːs̠]

Probably via Ancient Greek Μίθρας (Míthras) from some unattested Old Iranian intermediary, ultimately from vocative Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (miθra) (cf. Mithra).
Until the 1970s, the character of Roman Mithras was widely assumed to be a continuation of that of Iranian Mithra (and thus also of Indo-Iranian *mitra). This notion is no longer followed today, and it is generally agreed that borrowing (e.g. of the name) does not constitute continuation.

A Roman god, cult figure of the 2nd–4th century Roman mystery religion known as the "Mysteries of Mithras" (now colloquially Mithraism)


blida

la-noun

blīda f (genitive blīdae); first declension

blīda (canonical feminine)
blīdae (genitive)

→ Middle Dutch: blide

Dutch: blijde

→ Middle High German: blīde

German: Blide, Bleide

→ Middle Low German: blîde

→ Danish: blide

→ Swedish: blida

According to Niermeyer, from Byzantine Greek βάλις, βάλιδος (bális, bálidos), related to Ancient Greek βάλλω (bállō, “I throw”). Attested in Latin since the 13th century.

bor

βάλις, βάλιδος

levatis circumquaque [apud Kenylworthe] machinis novem, que vocantur blidis, lapides jacere non cessabant, confringentes ex his domos et turres ligneas; muros et opus lapideum prosternere volentes, in nullo dampnificare poterant

before 1266, Ricardus Anglicus de Morins, Annales Prioratus de Dunstaplia, (edited by Hearne in 1733, as cited in DMLBS)

At Kenilworth, after taking nine machines called blidae (trebuchets) everywhere around, they would not stop throwing rocks, shattering houses and towers made of wood, but even though they wanted to open walls and other work made of rock, they could not damage them.


xystus

la-noun

xystus m (genitive xystī); second declension

xystī (genitive)
xystus (nominative singular)
xystī (nominative plural)
xystī (genitive singular)
xystōrum (genitive plural)
xystō (dative singular)
xystīs (dative plural)
xystum (accusative singular)
xystōs (accusative plural)
xystō (ablative singular)
xystīs (ablative plural)
xyste (singular vocative)
xystī (plural vocative)

English: xystus

Portuguese: xisto

[ˈks̠ʏs̠t̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek ξυστός (xustós, “xystus”).

covered portico or gallery (or one planted with trees)


quaestio

quaestiō f (genitive quaestiōnis); third declension

quaestiō (canonical feminine)
quaestiōnis (genitive)
quaestiō (nominative singular)
quaestiōnēs (nominative plural)
quaestiōnis (genitive singular)
quaestiōnum (genitive plural)
quaestiōnī (dative singular)
quaestiōnibus (dative plural)
quaestiōnem (accusative singular)
quaestiōnēs (accusative plural)
quaestiōne (ablative singular)
quaestiōnibus (ablative plural)
quaestiō (singular vocative)
quaestiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: qüestió

→ Dutch: kwestie

→ Ido: questiono

→ Italian: questione

desctree

→ Old French: question
→ Middle English: questioun, question, questiun, questyon, questyounn, qwestyon, qwestioun
English: question
Scots: quaisten, quastin
→ Welsh: cwestiwn
French: question
→ Romanian: chestie, chestiune
Norman: tchestchion (Jersey)

→ Old Irish: ceist
Irish: ceist
Manx: keisht
Scottish Gaelic: ceist

→ Portuguese: questão

→ Sicilian: custioni, quistioni

→ Spanish: cuestión

→ Polish: kwestia

From quaerō + -tiō. Compare with later quaesītiō.

inquiry, investigation, questioning, question


Cassiope

la-proper noun

Cassiopē f sg (genitive Cassiopēs); first declension

Cassiopē (canonical feminine singular)
Cassiopēs (genitive)
Cassiopē (nominative singular)
Cassiopēs (genitive singular)
Cassiopae (dative singular)
Cassiopēn (accusative singular)
Cassiopē (ablative singular)
Cassiopē (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κασσιόπη (Kassiópē).

(Greek mythology) Cassiopeia (wife of Cepheus and mother of Andromeda)


Cassiopeia

Cassiopeia f sg (genitive Cassiopeiae); first declension

Cassiopeiae (genitive)
Cassiopeia (nominative singular)
Cassiopeiae (genitive singular)
Cassiopeiae (dative singular)
Cassiopeiam (accusative singular)
Cassiopeiā (ablative singular)
Cassiopeia (singular vocative)

[käs̠ːiɔˈpɛi̯ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κασσιόπεια (Kassiópeia) or Κασσιόπη (Kassiópē).

(Greek mythology) Cassiopeia (the proud wife of Ethiopian king Cepheus and mother of Andromeda)


Cepheus

Cēphe͡us m sg (genitive Cēpheī); second declension

Cēphe͡us (canonical masculine singular)
Cēpheī (genitive)
Cēpheus (nominative singular)
Cēpheī (genitive singular)
Cēpheō (dative singular)
Cēpheum (accusative singular)
Cēpheō (ablative singular)
Cēphee (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κηφεύς (Kēpheús).

(Greek mythology) Cepheus (a king of Ethiopia, husband of Cassiopeia, father of Andromeda)


quaestor

la-noun

quaestor m (genitive quaestōris); third declension

quaestōris (genitive)
quaestor (nominative singular)
quaestōrēs (nominative plural)
quaestōris (genitive singular)
quaestōrum (genitive plural)
quaestōrī (dative singular)
quaestōribus (dative plural)
quaestōrem (accusative singular)
quaestōrēs (accusative plural)
quaestōre (ablative singular)
quaestōribus (ablative plural)
quaestor (singular vocative)
quaestōrēs (plural vocative)

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: κυαισίτωρ (kuaisítōr)

→? Faliscan: cuestod (nom.sg.)

→ Marsian: qestur (nom.pl.)

→ Oscan: kvaísstur (nom.sg.), kvaízstur, κϝαιστορ (kwaistor)

→ Umbrian: kvestur (nom.sg.), ⇒ kvestretie

[ˈkʷäe̯s̠t̪ɔr]

For Proto-Italic *kʷaistōr, as quaerō + -tor.

Caesar partitis copiis cum Gaio Fabio legato et Marco Crasso quaestore celeriterque effectis pontibus adit tripertito, aedificia vicosque incendit, magno pecoris atque hominum numero potitur.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 6.6

Caesar, having divided his forces with C. Fabius, his lieutenant, and M. Crassus his questor, and having hastily constructed some bridges, enters their country in three divisions, burns their houses and villages, and gets possession of a large number of cattle and men.


Canopus

la-proper noun

Canōpus m sg (genitive Canōpī); second declension

Canōpus (canonical masculine singular)
Canōpī (genitive)
Canōpus (nominative singular)
Canōpī (genitive singular)
Canōpō (dative singular)
Canōpum (accusative singular)
Canōpō (ablative singular)
Canōpe (singular vocative)
Canōpī (locative singular)

→ English: Canopus (learned)

From Ancient Greek Κάνωπος (Kánōpos, “Canopus”), Κάνωβος (Kánōbos, “Canobus”). Possibly Arabic جَنُوب (janūb, “south”) is cognate; compare the southeastern wall of the Kaaba pointing to the star and bearing the name جَنُوب (janūb).

der

(Greek mythology) the pilot of King Menelaus's ship in the Iliad


modus

la-noun

modus m (genitive modī); second declension

modī (genitive)
modus (nominative singular)
modī (nominative plural)
modī (genitive singular)
modōrum (genitive plural)
modō (dative singular)
modīs (dative plural)
modum (accusative singular)
modōs (accusative plural)
modō (ablative singular)
modīs (ablative plural)
mode (singular vocative)
modī (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: mode (learned)

→ English: mode

Old French: mode

Middle French: mode

French: mode (see there for further descendants)

Romanian: mod

Friulian: mût

Galician: modo

→ German: Modus

→ Hungarian: mód

Italian: modo

→ Old Irish: mod

Irish: modh

Scottish Gaelic: modh

Portuguese: modo

Sicilian: modu

Spanish: modo

→ Welsh: modd

From Proto-Italic *modos, from Proto-Indo-European *mod-ós (“measure”), from *med- (“to measure”); compare especially Ancient Greek μήδεᾰ (mḗdea, “counsels, plans”), Old Armenian միտ (mit, “thought”). But note as the oblique cases would be expected as *moder- (e.g. gen.: moderis), thus moderor, modestus etc. Contrast mōs for the senses of manner and way.


plana

la-noun

plāna f (genitive plānae); first declension

plāna (canonical feminine)
plānae (genitive)
plāna (nominative singular)
plānae (nominative plural)
plānae (genitive singular)
plānārum (genitive plural)
plānae (dative singular)
plānīs (dative plural)
plānam (accusative singular)
plānās (accusative plural)
plānā (ablative singular)
plānīs (ablative plural)
plāna (singular vocative)
plānae (plural vocative)

plāna

Bresciano: piona

Catalan: plana

Comasco: piana, piona

Old French: plaine

→ Middle English: plaine, plaine

English: plane

→ Irish: plána

Friulian: plana

Istriot: spiana

Ladin: plana

Lombard: piana

Neapolitan: chiana

Sardinian: prana

Piedmontese: piana

Portuguese: plaina

Old Occitan: plana

Sicilian: chiana

Spanish: llana, plana

Trentino: piona

Venetan: piana

Veronese: piona

→ Greek: πλάνη (pláni)

*plānea

Northern Italian: piagna

→ Greek: πλάνια (plánia)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پلانیه (planya)

Turkish: planya

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бла̏ња

Latin script: blȁnja

Italian: pialla

Habet desuper solarium curticulam similiter tunimo interclusam, pomerium contiguum, diversi generis arborum pemorosum; infra vivarium cum piscibus I. hortum bene compositum I. vestimenta ad lectum parandum I. drappos ad discum parandum I. toaclam I. Utensilia, concas aereas II. pocularem I. baccinum I. caldaria aerea II. ferrum I. sartaginem I. cramalium I. andedam I. terebros II. scalprum I. asciam I. runcinam I. planam I. falces II. falciolas III. fussoria II. palas ferro paratas II. Utensilia lignea sufficienter.

c. 800, “Caroli Magni Breviarium rerum fiscalinum”, in Julius Ludwig Ideler, editor, Leben und Wandel Karls des Großen. Einleitung, Urschrift, Erläuterung, Urkundensammlung, in zwei Bänden, volume 2, published 1839, page 239 l. 6:

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) smoothing plane


adytum

adytum n (genitive adytī); second declension

adytī (genitive)
adytum (nominative singular)
adyta (nominative plural)
adytī (genitive singular)
adytōrum (genitive plural)
adytō (dative singular)
adytīs (dative plural)
adytum (accusative singular)
adyta (accusative plural)
adytō (ablative singular)
adytīs (ablative plural)
adytum (singular vocative)
adyta (plural vocative)

English: adytum

Portuguese: ádito

From the Ancient Greek ἄδῠτον (áduton, “innermost sanctuary”, “shrine”), a substantivisation of the neuter forms of the adjective ἄδῠτος (ádutos, “not to be entered”).

der

[ˈäd̪ʏt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

adytus

masculine fourth-declension collateral form

ab imīs adytīs

(transferred sense, of the dead) a grave, tomb, or mausoleum


pistola

la-noun

pistōla f (genitive pistōlae); first declension

pistōla (canonical feminine)
pistōlae (genitive)
pistōla (nominative singular)
pistōlae (nominative plural)
pistōlae (genitive singular)
pistōlārum (genitive plural)
pistōlae (dative singular)
pistōlīs (dative plural)
pistōlam (accusative singular)
pistōlās (accusative plural)
pistōlā (ablative singular)
pistōlīs (ablative plural)
pistōla (singular vocative)
pistōlae (plural vocative)

[pɪs̠ˈt̪oːɫ̪ä]

Borrowed from Middle French pistole or Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese pistola. The penultimate syllable is long because it carries stress.


sextans

la-noun

sextāns m (genitive sextantis); third declension

sextāns (canonical masculine)
sextantis (genitive)
sextāns (nominative singular)
sextantēs (nominative plural)
sextantis (genitive singular)
sextantium (genitive plural)
sextantī (dative singular)
sextantibus (dative plural)
sextantem (accusative singular)
sextantēs (accusative plural)
sextantīs (accusative plural)
sextante (ablative singular)
sextantibus (ablative plural)
sextāns (singular vocative)
sextantēs (plural vocative)

desc

Russian: секстан (sekstan), секстант (sekstant)

[ˈs̠ɛks̠t̪ä̃ːs̠]

a sixth part of an as, (in particular —)

the sixth part of a juger (a measure of land)

the sixth part of a sextarius (a measure of liquid)

(mathematics) the sixth part of the number six (as of the numerus perfectus, in other words) unity, one

(Later Latin) a sextant (nautical instrument)


peregrinus

la-noun

peregrīnus m (genitive peregrīnī); second declension

peregrīnus (canonical masculine)
peregrīnī (genitive)
peregrīnus (nominative singular)
peregrīnī (nominative plural)
peregrīnī (genitive singular)
peregrīnōrum (genitive plural)
peregrīnō (dative singular)
peregrīnīs (dative plural)
peregrīnum (accusative singular)
peregrīnōs (accusative plural)
peregrīnō (ablative singular)
peregrīnīs (ablative plural)
peregrīne (singular vocative)
peregrīnī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pellegrino

Sicilian: piḍḍigrinu

Gallo-Italic

Ligurian: pelegrìn

Lombard: pelegrìn

Piedmontese: pelerin, pelegrin

Romansch: pelegrin

Northern Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: pelerin, peligrin, pellegrin, peregrin
Middle French: pelerin
French: pèlerin
→ Romanian: pelerin m
Norman: pèlerîn
→ Middle English: pilegrim, pilgrim, pilgram, pilgrem, pilgrum, pilgerim, pilegrin, pillegrim (via peligrin, pellegrin)
English: pilgrim
Scots: pilgrim, pelegrin, pilgrin, pilgren, pylgryne
→ Middle English: pelerin, pelrin (via pelerin)
English: pelerin
Scots: pelerin, pellerin, pilleryn

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: pelegrí

Occitan: pelegrin

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: pelegrín

Galician: pelegrín → pelegrino

→ Proto-Brythonic:

Breton: pirc'hirin

Welsh: pererin

→ Old French: peregrin
French: pérégrin
→ Middle English: peregrin, peregrine
English: peregrine
Scots: peregrine, peregryne

→ Galician: peregrino

→ Proto-West Germanic: *pelegrīm (see there for further descendants)

→ Manx: pirgrin

→ Old Norse: pílagrímr

Danish: pilgrim

Icelandic: pílagrímur

Norwegian: pilegrim

Swedish: pilgrim

→ Portuguese: peregrino

→ Romanian: peregrin

→ Spanish: peregrino

(law) a foreigner who is neither resident nor domiciled in the jurisdiction of the court


copa

la-noun

cōpa f (genitive cōpae, masculine cōpō); first declension

cōpa (canonical feminine)
cōpae (genitive)
cōpō (masculine)
cōpa (nominative singular)
cōpae (nominative plural)
cōpae (genitive singular)
cōpārum (genitive plural)
cōpae (dative singular)
cōpīs (dative plural)
cōpam (accusative singular)
cōpās (accusative plural)
cōpā (ablative singular)
cōpīs (ablative plural)
cōpa (singular vocative)
cōpae (plural vocative)


monoceros

monocerōs m (genitive monocerōtis); third declension

monocerōs (canonical masculine)
monocerōtis (genitive)
monocerōs (nominative singular)
monocerōtēs (nominative plural)
monocerōtis (genitive singular)
monocerōtum (genitive plural)
monocerōtī (dative singular)
monocerōtibus (dative plural)
monocerōtem (accusative singular)
monocerōtēs (accusative plural)
monocerōte (ablative singular)
monocerōtibus (ablative plural)
monocerōs (singular vocative)
monocerōtēs (plural vocative)

→ English: monoceros

→ Spanish: monocerote (learned)

From Ancient Greek μονόκερως (monókerōs, “having one horn”, from μόνος (mónos, “one”) + κέρας (kéras, “horn”)).


sedes

la-noun

sēdēs f (genitive sēdis); third declension

sēdēs (canonical feminine)
sēdis (genitive)
sēdēs (nominative singular)
sēdēs (nominative plural)
sēdis (genitive singular)
sēdium (genitive plural)
sēdī (dative singular)
sēdibus (dative plural)
sēdem (accusative singular)
sēdēs (accusative plural)
sēdīs (accusative plural)
sēde (ablative singular)
sēdibus (ablative plural)
sēdēs (singular vocative)
sēdēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: seu

Italian: sede

Old French: sie

→ English: see

Old Galician-Portuguese: see

Galician: sé

Portuguese: sé

→ Polish: sedes

→ Portuguese: sede

→ Spanish: sede

→ Translingual: incertae sedis

→ Welsh: swydd

Ultimately from sedeō (“I sit”) + -ēs, though Latin and Proto-Italic did not productively form nouns from verbs by changing the vowel grade. The word's lengthened grade is similar to Proto-Germanic *sētiją (“seat”), and ultimately they likely have a common origin, though divergence in the suffixes leaves the exact ancestral protoform obscure.

Sēdēs huic nostrō nōn importūna sermōnī.

A place not unsuitable for this conversation of ours.

place, residence, settlement, habitation, abode


tablinum

tablīnum n (genitive tablīnī); second declension

tablīnum (canonical neuter)
tablīnī (genitive)
tablīnum (nominative singular)
tablīna (nominative plural)
tablīnī (genitive singular)
tablīnōrum (genitive plural)
tablīnō (dative singular)
tablīnīs (dative plural)
tablīnum (accusative singular)
tablīna (accusative plural)
tablīnō (ablative singular)
tablīnīs (ablative plural)
tablīnum (singular vocative)
tablīna (plural vocative)

[t̪äˈblʲiːnʊ̃ˑ]

From tabula (“writing tablet, records office”).


triclinium

trīclīnium n (genitive trīclīniī or trīclīnī); second declension

trīclīnium (canonical neuter)
trīclīniī (genitive)
trīclīnī (genitive)
trīclīnium (nominative singular)
trīclīnia (nominative plural)
trīclīniī (genitive singular)
trīclīnī (genitive singular)
trīclīniōrum (genitive plural)
trīclīniō (dative singular)
trīclīniīs (dative plural)
trīclīnium (accusative singular)
trīclīnia (accusative plural)
trīclīniō (ablative singular)
trīclīniīs (ablative plural)
trīclīnium (singular vocative)
trīclīnia (plural vocative)

Italian: triclinio

From Ancient Greek τρικλίνιον (triklínion), from τρεῖς (treîs, “three”) + κλίνω (klínō, “to lean”).

dining room, where three couches are laid out for dining around a small serving table.


carpo

la-verb

carpō (present infinitive carpere, perfect active carpsī, supine carptum); third conjugation

carpō (canonical)
carpere (infinitive present)
carpsī (active perfect)
carptum (supine)
carpō (active first-person indicative present singular)
carpis (active indicative present second-person singular)
carpit (active indicative present singular third-person)
carpimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
carpitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
carpunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
carpēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
carpēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
carpēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
carpēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
carpēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
carpēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
carpam (active first-person future indicative singular)
carpēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
carpet (active future indicative singular third-person)
carpēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
carpētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
carpent (active future indicative plural third-person)
carpsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
carpsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
carpsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
carpsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
carpsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
carpsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
carpsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
carpseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
carpserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
carpserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
carpserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
carpserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
carpserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
carpserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
carpseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
carpserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
carpserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
carpseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
carpserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
carpor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
carperis (indicative passive present second-person singular)
carpere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
carpitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
carpimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
carpiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
carpuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
carpēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
carpēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
carpēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
carpēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
carpēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
carpēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
carpēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
carpar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
carpēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
carpēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
carpētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
carpēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
carpēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
carpentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
carpam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
carpās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
carpat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
carpāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
carpātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
carpant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
carperem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
carperēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
carperet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
carperēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
carperētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
carperent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
carpserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
carpserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
carpserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
carpserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
carpserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
carpserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
carpsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
carpsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
carpsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
carpsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
carpsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
carpsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
carpar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
carpāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
carpāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
carpātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
carpāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
carpāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
carpantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
carperer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
carperēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
carperēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
carperētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
carperēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
carperēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
carperentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
carpe (active imperative present second-person singular)
carpite (active imperative plural present second-person)
carpitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
carpitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
carpitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
carpuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
carpere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
carpiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
carpitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
carpitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
carpuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
carpere (active infinitive present)
carpsisse (active infinitive perfect)
carptūrum esse (active future infinitive)
carpī (infinitive passive present)
carptum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
carptum īrī (future infinitive passive)
carpēns (active participle present)
carptūrus (active future participle)
carptus (participle passive perfect)
carpendus (future participle passive)
carpundus (future participle passive)
carpendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
carpendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
carpendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
carpendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
carptum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
carptū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: carpir-se

English: excerpt

Galician: carpir

Italian: carpare, carpire

Old French: charpir, carpir

French: charpir

Old Galician-Portuguese: carpir

Portuguese: carpir

Spanish: carpir

From Proto-Italic *karpō, from Proto-Indo-European *kerp-.
Compare Greek καρπός (karpós, “fruit”) and κείρω (keírō, “to cut off”), English harvest, sharp, shear.

Relinquēbātur Caesarī nihil, nisi utī equitātū agmen adversāriōrum male habēret et carperet.

c. 48 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Civili 1.63

No option remained to Cesar, other than annoying and harassing the enemy army with the cavalry.


fauces

la-noun

faucēs f pl (genitive faucium); third declension

faucēs (canonical feminine plural)
faucium (genitive)
faucēs (nominative plural)
faucium (genitive plural)
faucibus (dative plural)
faucēs (accusative plural)
faucīs (accusative plural)
faucibus (ablative plural)
faucēs (plural vocative)

→ English: fauces

→ Galician: fauces

→ Italian: fauci

→ Portuguese: fauces

→ Spanish: fauces

unk

unknown

(transferred sense)
a narrow entrance, entry passage


falx

la-noun

falx f (genitive falcis); third declension

falcis (genitive)
falx (nominative singular)
falcēs (nominative plural)
falcis (genitive singular)
falcium (genitive plural)
falcī (dative singular)
falcibus (dative plural)
falcem (accusative singular)
falcēs (accusative plural)
falcīs (accusative plural)
falce (ablative singular)
falcibus (ablative plural)
falx (singular vocative)
falcēs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: falz

Aromanian: falcã, falche

Old Leonese: foce, fouce

Asturian: foz, fouz, foiz, ḥoce, ḥoz

Leonese: fouz

Mirandese: fouce

Catalan: falç

Emilian: fèlz

→ English: falx

Fala: foici

Franco-Provençal: folx

Friulian: fals

Italian: falce

Ladin: fauc

Lombard: falc, folcc

Neapolitan: falcè

Old French: fauz

French: faux

Karipúna Creole French: fos

Picard: feuque

Walloon: foque (obsolete)

Old Occitan: fals

Occitan: falç, fauç, haus, fâ

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: fouce
Fala: foici, fueici
Galician: fouce
Portuguese: foice, fouce (dated or dialectal)

Romanian: falcă, falce

Romansch: faulsch

desc

Sardinian: falche, falle, farche, farci, frache, fraci

Sicilian: fauci

Spanish: hoz

Venetan: falẑ

>? Vulgar Latin: falcina

→ Albanian: felqinë

Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelg- (“to sting; needle”), whence also Proto-Celtic *delgos (“needle; pin”), Proto-Germanic *dalkaz (“pin, brooch; dagger”), Lithuanian dilgùs (“stinging, burning”), dilgėlė̃, dìlgė f (“nettle”), dìlgti, dìlgstu (“to be stung by nettles”), dal̃gis (“scythe”). Both the -a- and the -c- are unexpected, which might suggest a borrowing from a neighbouring Indo-European language of Italy.

cog

(military) a hook used to pull down walls


nuptiae

la-noun

nū̆ptiae f pl (genitive nū̆ptiārum); first declension

nū̆ptiae (canonical feminine plural)
nū̆ptiārum (genitive)
nū̆ptiae (nominative plural)
nū̆ptiārum (genitive plural)
nū̆ptiīs (dative plural)
nū̆ptiās (accusative plural)
nū̆ptiīs (ablative plural)
nū̆ptiae (plural vocative)

⇒ Proto-Romanian: [Term?]

Aromanian: numtã, nuntã, numte, lumtã

Romanian: nuntă

Vulgar Latin: *noptiās (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Portuguese: núpcias

→ Spanish: nupcias

From nū̆pta (“married, wedded; covered, veiled”) + -iae (nominative plural inflection of -ia). For the plural morphology, compare other festival names such as Sāturnālia as well as the word fēriae (“festival”).


pollinctor

la-noun

pollīnctor m (genitive pollīnctōris); third declension

pollīnctor (canonical masculine)
pollīnctōris (genitive)
pollīnctor (nominative singular)
pollīnctōrēs (nominative plural)
pollīnctōris (genitive singular)
pollīnctōrum (genitive plural)
pollīnctōrī (dative singular)
pollīnctōribus (dative plural)
pollīnctōrem (accusative singular)
pollīnctōrēs (accusative plural)
pollīnctōre (ablative singular)
pollīnctōribus (ablative plural)
pollīnctor (singular vocative)
pollīnctōrēs (plural vocative)

From pollingō (“wash a corpse in preparation for a funeral”) + -tor.

af

undertaker; a person who prepared corpses for a funeral.


tegula

la-noun

tēgula f (genitive tēgulae); first declension

tēgula (canonical feminine)
tēgulae (genitive)
tēgula (nominative singular)
tēgulae (nominative plural)
tēgulae (genitive singular)
tēgulārum (genitive plural)
tēgulae (dative singular)
tēgulīs (dative plural)
tēgulam (accusative singular)
tēgulās (accusative plural)
tēgulā (ablative singular)
tēgulīs (ablative plural)
tēgula (singular vocative)
tēgulae (plural vocative)

North-Italian:

Piedmontese: tiola, tìvola

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: teula

Franco-Provençal: tiola

Old French: tiule (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: teule

Sicilian: tìgula, Tìguli, Tìvuli

Vulgar Latin: tegla

Dalmatian: tacla

Italo-Romance:

Italian: tegghia

desc

⇒ Italian: teglia (through de-vulgarization)

Sicilian: tegghia

North-Italian:

Friulian: tecje, tečhe (alternative orthography)

Piedmontese: teja

Venetan: técia

Gallo-Romance:

Champenois: teille

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: teya

Old Galician-Portuguese: telha

Galician: tella

Portuguese: telha

Spanish: teja

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *tegella

Italian: tiella

Portuguese: tigela

Sicilian: tijeḍḍa

Borrowings:

→? Italian: tegola (semi-learned)

→ Albanian: tjegull

→ Andalusian Arabic: تاقرة (tāqra, “milking-pail”)

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: tagra (“a liquid measure”)

→ Old Spanish: tagara (“bowl”)

→ Old Leonese: tagara, tagarra (“bowl”)

→ Galician: tarro (“jar”)

→ Portuguese: tarro (“pot; milking-pail”)

→ Spanish: tarro (“jar; pot”)

→ Moroccan Arabic: طارو (ṭārru, “garbage-can”)

→ Moroccan Arabic: تاكرة (tāgra, “tajine”)

→ Proto-Germanic: *tigulǭ (see there for further descendants)

→ Hungarian: tégla

→ English: tegula

→ Greek: τούγλα (toúgla)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: طوغله (tuğla), توغله (tuğla)
Turkish: tuğla
→ Albanian: tullë
→ Armenian: թուղլա (tʻuġla)
→ Laz: თუღლა (tuğla)

→ Macedonian: тегла (tegla)

→ Portuguese: tégula

→ Serbo-Croatian: тегла (tegla)

→ Slovak: tehla

[ˈt̪eːɡʊɫ̪ä]

From Proto-Italic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”). By surface analysis, tegō (“to cover”) + -ula. For the meaning development compare German Kachel. Though the sense “frying-pan” has been said to be derived from Ancient Greek τάγηνον (tágēnon), τήγανον (tḗganon), this is formally difficult; the distinction between it and “rooftile” may thus be seen as unfounded.
The long vowel is difficult to explain, but according to some authors it is an artifact of early simplification of the cluster *gdʰ in *teg-dʰlom (see -bulum for the suffix); compare rēgula. Contrast the later formation tegulum, with a short vowel.

surf

Glires: isicio porcino, item pulpis ex omni membro glirium trito, cum pipere, nucleis, lasere, liquamine farcies glires, et sutos in tegula positos mittes in furnum aut farsos in clibano coques.

Dormice: Fill the dormice with minced meat of pork and all parts of the dormice, ground pepper, pinenuts, laser, fish-sauce, and put them sewn together and laid upon a tile-pan into the oven, or cook them stuffed in the clibanus.

a tile, whether to lay the roof (rooftile) or to bake food upon it (baking tile, frying pan)


Nathan

Nāthan (canonical masculine singular)
Nāthan (nominative singular)
Nāthan (genitive singular)
Nāthan (dative singular)
Nāthan (accusative singular)
Nāthan (ablative singular)
Nāthan (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Νάθαν (Náthan), derived from Biblical Hebrew נָתָן (Natán).


regnum

la-noun

rēgnum n (genitive rēgnī); second declension

rēgnum (canonical neuter)
rēgnī (genitive)
rēgnum (nominative singular)
rēgna (nominative plural)
rēgnī (genitive singular)
rēgnōrum (genitive plural)
rēgnō (dative singular)
rēgnīs (dative plural)
rēgnum (accusative singular)
rēgna (accusative plural)
rēgnō (ablative singular)
rēgnīs (ablative plural)
rēgnum (singular vocative)
rēgna (plural vocative)

desctree

Old Leonese: regno
Asturian: reinu
Extremaduran: reinu
Leonese: reinu
Mirandese: reino

Catalan: regne

Dalmatian: raigno

French: règne

→ English: reign

→ Romanian: regn

Friulian: regn

Italian: regno

Ligurian: régno

Old Galician-Portuguese: reino, reyno
Fala: reinu
Galician: reino
Portuguese: reino

Piedmontese: regn

Sicilian: regnu

Sardinian: regnu, arregnu, rennu

Spanish: reino

Translingual: regnum

Sum sine rēgnō.

Templa Iovī centum lātīs immānia rēgnīs,
centum ārās posuit ….
[Iarbas] in his far-reaching realms had built a hundred great temples, a hundred altars, for Jupiter.
(See: Iarbas, Iovi.)

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.199–200

‘quī modo, sī volucrēs habuissem rēgna iubentēs,

“I who just now, if I would have had the bird-omens ordaining kingship, I might have been able to be the greatest among my people.”
(The ghost of Remus laments how the auspices or bird-omens instead favored his brother Romulus to be king; see Romulus and Remus.)

vīxit, ut occīderet damnātus crīmine rēgnī:
hunc illī titulum longa senecta dabat.
He lived, that he might die, having been condemned in the crime of [aspiring to] royal power: This [is] the title that was given him in old age.
(See: Marcus Manlius Capitolinus.)

in a negative sense: despotism, tyranny, aspiring to or seeking the throne or royal power during the Roman Republic


quadrigatus

la-noun

quadrīgātus m (genitive quadrīgātī); second declension

quadrīgātus (canonical masculine)
quadrīgātī (genitive)
quadrīgātus (nominative singular)
quadrīgātī (nominative plural)
quadrīgātī (genitive singular)
quadrīgātōrum (genitive plural)
quadrīgātō (dative singular)
quadrīgātīs (dative plural)
quadrīgātum (accusative singular)
quadrīgātōs (accusative plural)
quadrīgātō (ablative singular)
quadrīgātīs (ablative plural)
quadrīgāte (singular vocative)
quadrīgātī (plural vocative)

English: quadrigatus

Italian: quadrigato

[kʷäd̪riːˈɡäːt̪ʊs̠]

From quadrīgae (“four horse team”), because the coin was stamped with an image of one.

quadrigatus, a Roman silver coin minted during the 3rd century BCE


aureus

aureus m (genitive aureī); second declension

aureī (genitive)
aureus (nominative singular)
aureī (nominative plural)
aureī (genitive singular)
aureōrum (genitive plural)
aureō (dative singular)
aureīs (dative plural)
aureum (accusative singular)
aureōs (accusative plural)
aureō (ablative singular)
aureīs (ablative plural)
auree (singular vocative)
aureī (plural vocative)

→ Welsh: aur

desctree

→ Proto-Germanic: *aurijaz
Old Norse: eyrir
Icelandic: eyrir
Faroese: oyra
Norwegian Nynorsk: øyre m
Old Swedish: ø̄ri, ø̄re
Swedish: öre
Old Danish: øræ
Danish: øre
Norwegian Bokmål: øre
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: øre
Gutnish: öre
→ Finnish: äyri

New Latin: aureus

→ Catalan: auri

→ English: aureus

→ Galician: áureo

→ Italian: aureo

→ Portuguese: áureo

→ Spanish: áureo

→ Translingual: aureo-

aurum (“gold”) + -eus (“-ous”, derivational suffix).

suffix

(numismatics) gold coin equivalent to 25 denarii, aureus (up to the 4th century AD)


denarius

la-noun

dēnārius m (genitive dēnāriī or dēnārī); second declension

dēnārius (canonical masculine)
dēnāriī (genitive)
dēnārī (genitive)
dēnārius (nominative singular)
dēnāriī (nominative plural)
dēnāriī (genitive singular)
dēnārī (genitive singular)
dēnāriōrum (genitive plural)
dēnāriō (dative singular)
dēnāriīs (dative plural)
dēnārium (accusative singular)
dēnāriōs (accusative plural)
dēnāriō (ablative singular)
dēnāriīs (ablative plural)
dēnārie (singular vocative)
dēnāriī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: dinaru

Italian: denaro, danaro, danaio

Neapolitan: denaro

Sicilian: dinaru

North Italian:

Friulian: denâr

Romansch: denar, daner

Venetan: danaro

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: denier
Middle French: denier
French: denier
→ English: denier

Old Occitan: denier

Provençal: denié

Ibero-Romance:

>? Mirandese: denheiro

Ancient borrowings:

→ Ancient Greek: δηνάριον (dēnárion) (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *dinėr (see there for further descendants)

North Italian

Old Lombard: dinaro

Old Venetan: dinaro

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: diner

Gascon: dinèr

Occitan: dinièr (Languedoc)

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: dinero

Asturian: dineru

Mirandese: denheiro

Old Galician-Portuguese: dĩeiro, dỹeiro

Galician: diñeiro

Portuguese: dinheiro

Old Spanish: dinero
Spanish: dinero

→ Aragonese: denario

→ Asturian: denariu

→ Catalan: denari

→ English: denarius

→ Esperanto: denaro

→ French: dénaire

→ Galician: denario

→ German: Denar

→ Italian: denario

→ Middle English: denarie

English: denary

→ Polish: denar

→ Portuguese: denário

→ Romanian: denar

→ Slovene: denar

→ Spanish: denario

denarius (due to a single coin's value of 10 asses, each made of silver.)


follis

la-noun

follis m (genitive follis); third declension

follis (genitive)
follis (nominative singular)
follēs (nominative plural)
follis (genitive singular)
follium (genitive plural)
follī (dative singular)
follibus (dative plural)
follem (accusative singular)
follēs (accusative plural)
follīs (accusative plural)
folle (ablative singular)
follibus (ablative plural)
follis (singular vocative)
follēs (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: foali

Istro-Romanian: foie

Megleno-Romanian: foali

Romanian: foale

Italo-Romance

Italian: folle

Sicilian: foḍḍi

Old French: fol (see there for further descendants)

French: fou

Norman: fo

Old Occitan: fol
Occitan: hòu, fòl, fòu

Sardinian: fodhe

Venetan: folo, foło, fol

West Iberian

Asturian: fuelle

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: fol

Portuguese: fole

Spanish: follar, hollar, fuelle

→ Alemannic German: Folle

→ Proto-Brythonic: *foll

Middle Welsh: ffoll

→ Ancient Greek: φόλλις (phóllis)

→ Aramaic: ܦܘܠܣܐ / פולסא /ܦܠܣ / פילס (fuləsā, filas)

→ Arabic: فِلْس (fils) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: follis

Probably inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolǵʰ-n-is, o-grade i-stem derivative of *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”) with an *-n- suffix (though De Vaan is skeptical of any etymology and leaves the origin open). Cognates include Sanskrit बर्हिस् (barhís, “straw, sacrificial straw”), Old English belġ (“bulge, bag, purse”) (English belly) and belġan (“to swell with anger”), Old Prussian balsinis (“cushion”) and Old Irish bolg (“belly; bag; bellows”).
Or simply from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol-n-is, ultimately from the same root, i.e. *bʰel- (“to blow”), from which *bʰelǵʰ- appears to be derived.


sestertius

la-noun

sēstertius m (genitive sēstertiī or sēstertī); second declension

sēstertius (canonical masculine)
sēstertiī (genitive)
sēstertī (genitive)
sēstertius (nominative singular)
sēstertiī (nominative plural)
sēstertiī (genitive singular)
sēstertī (genitive singular)
sēstertiōrum (genitive plural)
sēstertiō (dative singular)
sēstertiīs (dative plural)
sēstertium (accusative singular)
sēstertiōs (accusative plural)
sēstertiō (ablative singular)
sēstertiīs (ablative plural)
sēstertie (singular vocative)
sēstertiī (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: sesterci m

→ English: sesterce

→ French: sesterce m

→ Italian: sesterzio m

→ Portuguese: sestércio m

→ Spanish: sestercio m

⇒ Bulgarian: сестерция f (sestercija)

⇒ Dutch: sestertie f

⇒ German: Sesterze f

⇒ Polish: sestercja f

→ English: sestertius, → sestertium

→ Esperanto: sesterco

→ Finnish: sestertius

→ German: Sesterz m

→ Japanese: セステルティウス (sesuterutiusu)

→ Romanian: sesterț n, → sesterțiu n

→ Russian: сестерций m (sestercij)

From sēmis (“half”) + tertius (“third”), due to its value in asses.

sesterce (small coin worth 2 and a half asses, later 4 asses)


fimum

fimum n (genitive fimī); second declension

fimī (genitive)
fimum (nominative singular)
fima (nominative plural)
fimī (genitive singular)
fimōrum (genitive plural)
fimō (dative singular)
fimīs (dative plural)
fimum (accusative singular)
fima (accusative plural)
fimō (ablative singular)
fimīs (ablative plural)
fimum (singular vocative)
fima (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: fimo

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *femum

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: fien

Old French: fien

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: fiemo

→ Spanish: fiemo, fimo

Catalan: fem

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *femārium

Old French: femier

Sicilian: fumeri

From Proto-Italic *fūje-, from earlier *θūje, modeled on Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-. See also Latin furvus (“dark, swarthy”), fūmus (“smoke”) and fūlīgō (“soot”).


fatuus

fatuus m (genitive fatuī, feminine fatua); second declension

fatuī (genitive)
fatua (feminine)
fatuus (nominative singular)
fatuī (nominative plural)
fatuī (genitive singular)
fatuōrum (genitive plural)
fatuō (dative singular)
fatuīs (dative plural)
fatuum (accusative singular)
fatuōs (accusative plural)
fatuō (ablative singular)
fatuīs (ablative plural)
fatue (singular vocative)
fatuī (plural vocative)

Asturian: fato

Catalan: fat, fatu

English: fatuous

French: fade, fada, fat

Galician: fato

Italian: fatuo

Portuguese: fátuo, fatela

Spanish: fatuo

Uncertain. Maybe from dialectal Proto-Indo-European *bʰat-. (See also battuō.) More likely, a derivative of *bʰeh₂- (“to speak”), particularly an abstract noun *bʰh₂-tu- (“speech”); thereby related to for.
According to one hypothesis, Fatuus was an alternative name of the god Faunus, who predicted the future.

Ita, rogo; paene effregisti, fatue, foribus cardines.

I do so ask you; you fool, you've almost broken the hinges from off the door.

(derogatory) fool, simpleton, jester, buffoon, blockhead


pellis

pellis f (genitive pellis); third declension

pellis (genitive)
pellis (nominative singular)
pellēs (nominative plural)
pellis (genitive singular)
pellium (genitive plural)
pellī (dative singular)
pellibus (dative plural)
pellem (accusative singular)
pellēs (accusative plural)
pellīs (accusative plural)
pelle (ablative singular)
pellibus (ablative plural)
pellis (singular vocative)
pellēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cheali

Romanian: piele

Dalmatian:

pial

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pelle

Sicilian: peddi

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pedde, peddi (Campidanese)

North Italian:

Friulian: piel

Romagnol: pël

Romansch: pel

Venetan: pełe

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pél

desctree

Old French: pel
Angevin: piau
Bourguignon: peâ
Champenois: pé, piau
Franc-Comtois: pée
Middle French: peau
French: peau
Norman: pé
Poitevin-Saintongeais: pea
Picard: pieu, piau
Walloon: pea

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: pell

Occitan: pèl

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: piel

Old Galician-Portuguese: pele

Portuguese: pele

Spanish: piel

Borrowings:

→ English: pell

→ Old Irish: pell

Irish: peall

Scottish Gaelic: peall

→ Old Norse: pilz

Icelandic: pils

Norwegian Bokmål: pels

Norwegian Nynorsk: pels

From Proto-Italic *pelnis, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-ni-s (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”), from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμᾰ (pélma, “sole of the foot”), Old English fell (“fell, skin, hide; garment of skin”).

cog

(military) a tent for soldiers (because it was covered with skins)


natus

la-noun

nātus m (genitive nātī, feminine nāta); second declension

:Template:Wiktionary:Picture dictionary (canonical masculine)
la:kinship nātus (canonical masculine)
nātī (genitive)
nāta (feminine)
nātus (nominative singular)
nātī (nominative plural)
nātī (genitive singular)
nātōrum (genitive plural)
nātō (dative singular)
nātīs (dative plural)
nātum (accusative singular)
nātōs (accusative plural)
nātō (ablative singular)
nātīs (ablative plural)
nāte (singular vocative)
nātī (plural vocative)

Romanian: nat

Perfect active participle of nāscor (“I am born”). From older gnātus, from Proto-Italic *gnātos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁tós (“produced, given birth”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, give birth, beget”). The form genitus (used as the perfect passive participle of gignō) is a later creation, and forms a doublet.

etymon

nātus


cippus

la-noun

cippus m (genitive cippī); second declension

cippī (genitive)
cippus (nominative singular)
cippī (nominative plural)
cippī (genitive singular)
cippōrum (genitive plural)
cippō (dative singular)
cippīs (dative plural)
cippum (accusative singular)
cippōs (accusative plural)
cippō (ablative singular)
cippīs (ablative plural)
cippe (singular vocative)
cippī (plural vocative)

Catalan: cep

French: cippe, cep, cèpe, sep

→ English: cepe, cep

Galician: cepo, cepa

Italian: cippo, ceppo

Occitan: cep

Portuguese: cipo, cepo

Romanian: cep

Sicilian: cippu

Spanish: cipo, cepo

→ Proto-Brythonic: *kɨf

Middle Breton: queff

Middle Welsh: kyff

→ Welsh: cyff

→ Middle Irish: cepp

Irish: ceap

→ Old High German: kipfa, chipf

German: Kipfl

→ English: kipfel

→ German: Kippe

Seemingly from a Proto-Italic *keipos (where Latin cīpus would be the older form), likely related to scīpiō, of unclear further origin. De Vaan derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱéypos (“pole, stick”), connecting it to Sanskrit शेप (śepa, “penis, tail”). However, the irregular alternation between the form with short ĭ and geminate pp versus that with long ī with singular p is difficult to explain; it could indicate contamination from another Italic dialect or borrowing from a substrate language, or it could be a normal Latin sound law seen also in littera from lītera. Not related to Latin scāpus, English shaft, Ancient Greek σκήπτω (skḗptō), despite some such suggestions.

inh

(military, in the plural) bulwark of sharpened stakes


cuneus

la-noun

cuneus m (genitive cuneī); second declension

cuneī (genitive)
cuneus (nominative singular)
cuneī (nominative plural)
cuneī (genitive singular)
cuneōrum (genitive plural)
cuneō (dative singular)
cuneīs (dative plural)
cuneum (accusative singular)
cuneōs (accusative plural)
cuneō (ablative singular)
cuneīs (ablative plural)
cunee (singular vocative)
cuneī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cunj, cunjiu

Romanian: cui

Italo-Romance:

Italian: conio

Neapolitan: cogno

Sicilian: cugnu

Padanian:

Emilian: cògn

Ladin: cogn

Friulian: cugn

Ligurian: cun-gno, cun-ni, cuin

Lombard: cugn, cugne, cuni ⇒ cugneul, chigneul, qignœl

Ossolano: ciugn

Piedmontese: cugn, cun-i, cuin-i

Venetan: cogn

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: couen, cugno, cugne

Old French: coin, coigne

French: coin

→ Irish: cúinne

desctree

→ Middle English: coyn, coign, coigne, coin, coygne, coyne, cune, koyne, kuyne, quyne
English: coin, quoin, coign
→ Japanese: コイン (koin)
Scots: cuinyie, cunzie

→ Scottish Gaelic: cùinn

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: cuny

Occitan: cunh, conh, cuenh

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: cuño, cruño

Portuguese: cunho

Spanish: cuño

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cunea

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: cunna, cuna

Galician: cuña

Portuguese: cunha

Spanish: cuña

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: kunj

→ English: cuneus

→ Italian: cuneo

→ Portuguese: cúneo

→ Proto-Brythonic: *kün

Middle Welsh: kyn

Welsh: cŷn

Uncertain root, apparently with the suffix -eus. Various problematic comparisons to either Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”) or *ḱúH- (“spike; sting”) (compare Latin culex (“mosquito”), Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁 (sūkā, “needle”), Sanskrit शूक (śūka, “spike, bristle; sting (of an insect)”), शूल (śūla, “spear; stake”) etc.) have been unfruitful; a long vowel (*cūneus) would be expected in the latter case, and the morphology of the -n-eus suffix remains opaque. One possibility is that cuneus is a borrowing from Ancient Greek γώνιος (gṓnios, “corner, angle”) via an Etruscan intermediate which could explain the devoicing, though de Vaan finds this unconvincing. Compare cunnus (“vagina”, derogatory), also of uncertain origin, as well as cutis (“skin”).

der

(military) troops arrayed in a wedge formation


lectus

la-noun

lectus m (genitive lectī); second declension

lectī (genitive)
lectus (nominative singular)
lectī (nominative plural)
lectī (genitive singular)
lectōrum (genitive plural)
lectō (dative singular)
lectīs (dative plural)
lectum (accusative singular)
lectōs (accusative plural)
lectō (ablative singular)
lectīs (ablative plural)
lecte (singular vocative)
lectī (plural vocative)

Asturian: llechu, lletu

Catalan: llit

Dalmatian: ljat

Friulian: jet

Italian: letto

Occitan: lèit

desctree

Old French: lit
Bourguignon: leit
French: lit
Norman: liet

Old Galician-Portuguese: leito
Galician: leito
Portuguese: leito

Romansch: letg

Sardinian: letu

Sicilian: lettu

Spanish: lecho

Venetan: łeto

[ˈɫ̪ɛkt̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *lektos (“lain upon”), past participle of *leɣō (“to lie down”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”). Related to Ancient Greek λέχος (lékhos).


iugum

la-noun

iugum n (genitive iugī); second declension

iugī (genitive)
iugum (nominative singular)
iuga (nominative plural)
iugī (genitive singular)
iugōrum (genitive plural)
iugō (dative singular)
iugīs (dative plural)
iugum (accusative singular)
iuga (accusative plural)
iugō (ablative singular)
iugīs (ablative plural)
iugum (singular vocative)
iuga (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: giug

Romanian: jug

Dalmatian:

zaug

Italo-Romance:

Italian: giogo

→ Sicilian: giugu

Neapolitan: jugo

Sicilian: jugu, juvu

North Italian:

Emilian: zu, zof, zov

Friulian: jôf, jôv

Ligurian: zôvo

Lombard: zof, xof, giov

Piedmontese: giou, gio, xof, xovo

Romagnol: zof, zov, zouf

Romansch: giuf

desc

Venetan: dóvo, dógo, dóo, zóo, dhovo, dóf

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: jog

Old French: jug, jou, jof

French: joug

Walloon: djeu

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: chuvo

Catalan: jou, jeu, jova

Occitan: jo, joc

Gascon: jun

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: yugo

Asturian: xugu

Galician: xugo

Portuguese: jugo

Spanish: yugo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: giú, giubu, giuu, giuvu, yuu

Borrowings:

→ English: jugum

Esperanto: jugo

Tashelhit: tayuga

From Proto-Italic *jugom, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”) + *-óm. Cognate with Sanskrit युग (yuga), Ancient Greek ζῠγόν (zugón), and Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐌺 (juk). Equivalent to a substantivization of the adjective iugus (“belonging together”).

(transferred sense)
in Kent, a yoke of land, quarter sulung

Tertius vineae annus palmitem velocem robustumque emittit et quem faciat aetas vitem. hic in iugum insilit.

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 17.35.175

(architecture) a horizontal beam or rail fastened perpendicular to a post or pole; a crossbeam, crossrail

[…]: tela iugo vincta est, stamen secernit harundo, […]

inde alias animas, quae per iuga longa sedebant, deturbat laxatque foros; simul accipit alueo ingentem Aenean.

any of various types of horizontal structural member: the beam which united the upright posts of a loom, the crossbar of a lyre, the crossrail of a trellis, the thwart or cross-bench of a boat (the rower's bench)


brevis

la-adj

brevis (neuter breve, comparative brevior, superlative brevissimus, adverb breviter); third-declension two-termination adjective

breve (neuter)
brevior (comparative)
brevissimus (superlative)
breviter (adverb)
brevis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
breve (neuter nominative singular)
brevēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
brevia (neuter nominative plural)
brevis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
brevium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
brevī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
brevibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
brevem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
breve (accusative neuter singular)
brevēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
brevīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
brevia (accusative neuter plural)
brevī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
brevibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
brevis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
breve (neuter singular vocative)
brevēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
brevia (neuter plural vocative)

Gallo-Italic

Ligurian: brêve

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: breve

→ Romanian: brevă

desctree

Old French: brief, bref
Middle French: brief
French: bref
→ Middle English: bref, breef, breve, brefe, breefe
English: brief, breve
Scots: brief, brieve, breef, briefe

Old Occitan: breu
Occitan: brèu

Rhaeto-Romance

Romansch: brev, breav (Sutsilvan)

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: breve

Portuguese: breve

Old Spanish:

Spanish: breve

→ Dutch: breve

→ German: Breve

→ Proto-West Germanic: *brēf (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *breɣʷis, from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus. Cognates include Ancient Greek βραχύς (brakhús), English merry, Sanskrit मुहु (muhu).


moles

la-noun

mōlēs f (genitive mōlis); third declension

mōlēs (canonical feminine)
mōlis (genitive)
mōlēs (nominative singular)
mōlēs (nominative plural)
mōlis (genitive singular)
mōlium (genitive plural)
mōlī (dative singular)
mōlibus (dative plural)
mōlem (accusative singular)
mōlēs (accusative plural)
mōlīs (accusative plural)
mōle (ablative singular)
mōlibus (ablative plural)
mōlēs (singular vocative)
mōlēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: mola, moll (see there for further descendants)

→ Ancient Greek: μόλος (mólos)

desctree

→ Italian: molo
→ Danish: mole
→ English: mole
→ French: môle
→ German: Mole
→ Hungarian: móló
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: molo
→ Polish: molo
→ Russian: мол (mol)

Italian: mole

Portuguese: mó

Spanish: mole

Borrowings:

→ English: mole

→ Portuguese: mole

[ˈmoːɫ̪eːs̠]

From Proto-Indo-European *meh₃- (“to exert”) (though de Vaan reconstructs the Proto-Indo-European root as *melos (“trouble, obstacle”) instead). Cognate with Ancient Greek μῶλος (môlos, “turmoil”) and German mühen (“to labor, toil”). See also Latin mōs.


domina

la-noun

domina f (genitive dominae, masculine dominus); first declension

dominae (genitive)
dominus (masculine)
domina (nominative singular)
dominae (nominative plural)
dominae (genitive singular)
dominārum (genitive plural)
dominae (dative singular)
dominīs (dative plural)
dominābus (dative plural)
dominam (accusative singular)
dominās (accusative plural)
dominā (ablative singular)
dominīs (ablative plural)
dominābus (ablative plural)
domina (singular vocative)
dominae (plural vocative)

Aromanian: doamnã

Catalan: dona

Corsican: donna, lonna, ronna

Dalmatian: dona

Emilian: dòna

→ English: domina

→ Esperanto: damo (via descendants)

→ Ido: damo

Friulian: done

Galician: dona

→ German: Domina

Istriot: duona

desctree

Italian: donna
→ English: donna
→ Swedish: donna

Old French: dame
Bourguignon: daime
Franc-Comtois: daime
→ Italian: dama
Lorrain: daime
→ Middle English: dame, damme, dam
English: dame; dam
Scots: dame, deem; dam
Middle French: dame
French: dame
→ Catalan: dama
→ Friulian: dame
→ Galician: dama
→ German: Dame
→ Persian: دام (dâm)
→ Italian: dama
→ Ottoman Turkish: دامه (dama)
Turkish: dama
→ Armenian: տամա (tama)
→ Polish: dama
→ Portuguese: dama
→ Romanian: damă
→ Spanish: dama
→ Middle Dutch: dame
Dutch: dame
Afrikaans: dame
Norman: dame
→ Norwegian Bokmål: dame
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dame
Picard: danme

Old Occitan: domna

Occitan: dòna, dauna, donaisèla

Portuguese: dona

Romanian: doamnă

Romansch: dunna

Sardinian: dòna

Sicilian: donna, ronna

Spanish: Doña, doña, dueña

Venetan: dona

Feminine of dominus. If Oscan διομανας (diomanas, gen. sg.) is cognate, one can reconstruct Proto-Italic *domVnā with an uncertain second vowel; see its entry for discussion.


littera

la-noun

littera f (genitive litterae); first declension

litterae (genitive)
littera (nominative singular)
litterae (nominative plural)
litterae (genitive singular)
litterārum (genitive plural)
litterae (dative singular)
litterīs (dative plural)
litteram (accusative singular)
litterās (accusative plural)
litterā (ablative singular)
litterīs (ablative plural)
littera (singular vocative)
litterae (plural vocative)

Asturian: lletra

Catalan: lletra

Dalmatian: latera

Friulian: letare, lètare

German: Letter

Italian: lettera

→ Albanian: letër

Occitan: letra

desctree

Old French: letre
French: lettre
→ Middle English: lettre, leattre, letter, lettyr
English: letter
→ Middle Dutch: lettere
Dutch: letter
Afrikaans: letter
Negerhollands: letter
→ Caribbean Javanese: lèter
→ Indonesian: leter
→ Japanese: レッテル (retteru)
→ Papiamentu: lèter, lèterchi, letter
→ Saramaccan: letè
Limburgish: lètter

Piedmontese: litra

Portuguese: letra

Romanian: literă

Romansch: letra

Sardinian: lítara, lítera

Sicilian: littra, lìttira

Spanish: letra
→ Chavacano: letra
→ Classical Nahuatl: letra
→ Tagalog: letra

Venetan: łétara, létara, létera

→ Proto-Brythonic: *llɨθer (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Irish: liter
Irish: litir
Manx: lettyr
Scottish Gaelic: litir

→ Polish: litera

→ Russian: ли́тера (lítera)

[ˈlʲɪt̪ːɛrä]

Origin unknown. Two explanations have been proposed:
* From earlier lītera, the existence of which is disputed, with lengthening of the consonant (sometimes called the littera rule), from Old Latin leitera (attested ca. 122 BC, argued by Ernout & Meillet to be a false etymological attraction to lino), from a plural form of earlier adj. *lei-tos (cf. opera from opus), related to Latin linō (“smear”) and Proto-Italic *linō (“smear”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“smear”). A variation of this is to reconstruct the PIE root as *leyt- (“to scratch”).
: However, de Vaan points out that the past participle from lino is actually litus with a short i and, lacking any other traces of *leitos, says the scenario is "morphologically unconvincing".
* Alternatively, perhaps via Etruscan from (or related to, as if from a common source) Ancient Greek διφθέρᾱ (diphthérā, “leather; writing material”) which is claimed by Hesychius to be used to name tablets as well, of unknown ultimate origin.

der

Abest historia litteris nostris.

The story is missing from our literature.

Si versus horum duorum poetarum neglegetis, magna parte litterarum carebitis.

If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.

Praetoris litterae.
A praetor's edict.

Litteras revocavit.

(usually in the plural) edict, ordinance


Eridanus

la-proper noun

Ēridanus m sg (genitive Ēridanī); second declension

Ēridanus (canonical masculine singular)
Ēridanī (genitive)
Ēridanus (nominative singular)
Ēridanī (genitive singular)
Ēridanō (dative singular)
Ēridanum (accusative singular)
Ēridanō (ablative singular)
Ēridane (singular vocative)
Ēridanī (locative singular)

?Dutch: Eridanus

English: Eridanus

?Finnish: Eridanus

?French: Éridan

?Galician: Eridano

?German: Eridanus

Italian: Eridano

?Japanese: エリダヌス座 (Eridanusu-za)

?Polish: Erydan

?Russian: Эридан (Eridan)

?Spanish: Eridanus

?Turkish: Eridanus

[eːˈrɪd̪änʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἠρῐδᾰνός (Ēridanós).

(Greek mythology and poetry) Synonym of Padus (“the River Po”)


sella

la-noun

sella f (genitive sellae); first declension

sellae (genitive)
sella (nominative singular)
sellae (nominative plural)
sellae (genitive singular)
sellārum (genitive plural)
sellae (dative singular)
sellīs (dative plural)
sellam (accusative singular)
sellās (accusative plural)
sellā (ablative singular)
sellīs (ablative plural)
sella (singular vocative)
sellae (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: shalë

Aromanian: shauã

Asturian: siella, siya

Catalan: sella

Dalmatian: siala

English: sella

French: selle

Friulian: siele

Galician: sela

→ Hebrew: אסלה (asla)

Italian: sella

Occitan: sèla

Portuguese: sela

Romanian: șa, șale

Romansch: sella, siala, seala, sela

Sardinian: sedha, sedda

Sicilian: seḍḍa

desctree

Spanish: silla
→ Cebuano: síya
→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: siya
→ Galician: silla
→ Hiligaynon: siya
→ Ladino: siya
→ Portuguese: silha
→ Southeastern Tepehuan: xiir
→ Tagalog: silya, siya
→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: siya

Venetan: sela, seła

From Proto-Italic *sedlā, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-, whence sedeō (“I sit”). The same formation as Proto-Germanic *sadulaz, Proto-Slavic *sedъlo.

(historical) A kind of open or enclosed sedan chair


fala

la-noun

fala f (genitive falae); first declension

falae (genitive)
fala (nominative singular)
falae (nominative plural)
falae (genitive singular)
falārum (genitive plural)
falae (dative singular)
falīs (dative plural)
falam (accusative singular)
falās (accusative plural)
falā (ablative singular)
falīs (ablative plural)
fala (singular vocative)
falae (plural vocative)


Kyrie eleison

the words Kyrie eleison from the Kyriale Mass XI: Orbis Factor

From the Ancient Greek phrase Κῡ́ριε ἐλέησον (Kū́rie eléēson), from the vocative of Κῡ́ριος (Kū́rios, “Lord”) plus an inflected form (second person aorist imperative) of ἐλεέω (eleéō, “to have pity, to be merciful”).

(Christianity) A prayer, beginning with these words, that is part of the Christian liturgy: a kyrie.


cognitio

cognitiō f (genitive cognitiōnis); third declension

cognitiō (canonical feminine)
cognitiōnis (genitive)
cognitiō (nominative singular)
cognitiōnēs (nominative plural)
cognitiōnis (genitive singular)
cognitiōnum (genitive plural)
cognitiōnī (dative singular)
cognitiōnibus (dative plural)
cognitiōnem (accusative singular)
cognitiōnēs (accusative plural)
cognitiōne (ablative singular)
cognitiōnibus (ablative plural)
cognitiō (singular vocative)
cognitiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: cognició

→ English: cognition

→ French: cognition

→ Galician: cognición

→ Italian: cognizione

→ Occitan: cognicion

→ Portuguese: cognição

→ Spanish: cognición

From cognōscō (“to get to know”) + -tiō (“resultative noun suffix”).

af

(law) investigation, judicial examination, inquiry, cognizance, trial


suspendatur

(law) "Let him be hanged"; Used as warrant for the executioner in medieval plea rolls for capital cases.


ava

avae (genitive)
ava (nominative singular)
avae (nominative plural)
avae (genitive singular)
avārum (genitive plural)
avae (dative singular)
avīs (dative plural)
avam (accusative singular)
avās (accusative plural)
avā (ablative singular)
avīs (ablative plural)
ava (singular vocative)
avae (plural vocative)

Friulian: ave

Italian: ava

Sardinian: aba

Feminine counterpart to avus (“grandfather”) formed with *-éh₂, compare Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐍉 (awō, “grandmother”), although conceivably a secondary formation. Compare avia.


putus

la-noun

putus m (genitive putī); second declension

Earlier conjecture/variant reading in Pseudo-Virgil's Catalepton, where more recent editions read Pothus (“Desire”), i.e. personified Ancient Greek πόθος (póthos). The word would match the base form of pusillus, putillus (see the former for details) as well as a number of Italic and Indo-European cognates. For this reason it has found a circulation in etymological works and is included as a headword by De Vaan, but the single attestation is spurious, making this a ghost word. See Proto-Italic *putlos and Latin puer, pūsus, pullus.


fas

fās (canonical neuter singular)
fās (nominative singular)
fās (accusative singular)

From Proto-Italic *fās, possibly Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂os (“utterance, saying”), a derivative of the root *bʰeh₂- (“to speak”), whence also for, fārī. But Beekes thinks there is "no convincing etymology" for Latin fas and Greek ὁσία.

der

hoc contra ius fasque est

Itaque si fas non est patris, vel filii, patrui vel nepotis uxorem habere in matrimonio, unum et idem de fratris uxore sentire convenit: de qua similis prorsus lex uno contextu et tenore perlata est.

(Can we date this quote?), Corpus Reformatorum, volume 38, page 235:

And so if divine law is that the father, or the son, the uncle or the nephew are not to have a wife in marriage, it comes together as one and the same thing about the brother's wife: from which a similar law is conveyed by means of connecting and grasping [a pattern].

(uncountable) dictates of religion, divine law (opp. iūs, human law), or an obligation thereunder

Latium …: illīc fās rēgna resurgere Troiae.

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.205–206

“Latium …: there it is divine will that the kingdom of Troy shall rise again.”

(uncountable) divine will or right, the will of God or heaven; a predetermined destiny


Eva

la-proper noun

Ē̆va f sg (genitive Ē̆vae); first declension

Ē̆va (canonical feminine singular)
Ē̆vae (genitive)
Ē̆va (nominative singular)
Ē̆vae (genitive singular)
Ē̆vae (dative singular)
Ē̆vam (accusative singular)
Ē̆vā (ablative singular)
Ē̆va (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Εὔᾱ (Eúā), from Biblical Hebrew חַוָּה (ḥawwā́). Cognate to have, avē.


amita magna

la-noun

amita magna f (genitive amitae magnae); first declension

amitae magnae (genitive)
amita magna (nominative singular)
amitae magnae (nominative plural)
amitae magnae (genitive singular)
amitārum magnārum (genitive plural)
amitae magnae (dative singular)
amitīs magnīs (dative plural)
amitam magnam (accusative singular)
amitās magnās (accusative plural)
amitā magnā (ablative singular)
amitīs magnīs (ablative plural)
amita magna (singular vocative)
amitae magnae (plural vocative)


amita maior

amita maior f (genitive amitae maiōris); first declension

amitae maiōris (genitive)
amita maior (nominative singular)
amitae maiōrēs (nominative plural)
amitae maiōris (genitive singular)
amitārum maiōrum (genitive plural)
amitae maiōrī (dative singular)
amitīs maiōribus (dative plural)
amitam maiōrem (accusative singular)
amitās maiōrēs (accusative plural)
amitās maiōrīs (accusative plural)
amitā maiōre (ablative singular)
amitā maiōrī (ablative singular)
amitīs maiōribus (ablative plural)
amita maior (singular vocative)
amitae maiōrēs (plural vocative)

[ˈämɪt̪ä ˈmäi̯ːɔr]


manu militari

Literally, “with a soldierly hand” or “by military power”, see manus.

Nam sicut imperatoris optimi provisione cuncta manu militari loca adversus hostilem muniuntur adventum […]

c. 672 CE – 735 CE, Bede, In Evangelium Lucae 1.2.5

For in this way, by the precaution of the greatest general, all places are secured by force of arms against enemy approach […]

[…] animo fixum tenere, ut leges ecclesiasticas manu militari debellaret […]

1081, Lambert of Hersfeld, Annales a. 1077

[…] to hold firm his spirit that he should vanquish the laws of the Church by force of arms […]

Suprematum ergo illi tribuo qui non tantum domi subditos manu militari regit, sed et qui exercitum extra fines ducere, et armis, foederibus, legationibus, ac caeteris juris gentium functionibus aliquid momenti ad rerum Europae generalium summam conferre potest.

1682, Caesarinus Fürstenerius [Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz], De jure suprematus ac legationis principum Germaniae, front matter:

Thus I consider supremacy to pertain to him who not only rules over his domestic subjects by force of arms, but can lead an army beyond his borders, and can direct wars, pacts, embassies and the other offices of importance in the law of peoples at the summit of European affairs.


amita maxima

amita maxima f (genitive amitae maximae); first declension

amitae maximae (genitive)
amita maxima (nominative singular)
amitae maximae (nominative plural)
amitae maximae (genitive singular)
amitārum maximārum (genitive plural)
amitae maximae (dative singular)
amitīs maximīs (dative plural)
amitam maximam (accusative singular)
amitās maximās (accusative plural)
amitā maximā (ablative singular)
amitīs maximīs (ablative plural)
amita maxima (singular vocative)
amitae maximae (plural vocative)


Alcides

la-proper noun

Alcīdēs m sg (genitive Alcīdae); first declension

Alcīdēs (canonical masculine singular)
Alcīdae (genitive)
Alcīdēs (nominative singular)
Alcīdae (genitive singular)
Alcīdae (dative singular)
Alcīdēm (accusative singular)
Alcīdē (ablative singular)
Alcīdē (singular vocative)

[äɫ̪ˈkiːd̪eːs̠]

[äl̠ʲˈt͡ʃiːd̪es]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀλκείδης (Alkeídēs)


ministerium

la-noun

ministerium n (genitive ministeriī or ministerī); second declension

ministeriī (genitive)
ministerī (genitive)
ministerium (nominative singular)
ministeria (nominative plural)
ministeriī (genitive singular)
ministerī (genitive singular)
ministeriōrum (genitive plural)
ministeriō (dative singular)
ministeriīs (dative plural)
ministerium (accusative singular)
ministeria (accusative plural)
ministeriō (ablative singular)
ministeriīs (ablative plural)
ministerium (singular vocative)
ministeria (plural vocative)

Bourguignon: métei

Catalan: ministeri

→ English: ministerium

Esperanto: ministerio

Friulian: ministeri

→ Galician: ministerio

Italian: mestiere, ministero

Old French: mestier

French: métier

→ Danish: metier

→ English: métier

Norman: métyî (Continental Norman), mêtchi (Jersey), meeti (Sark)

→ Old French: menistere

French: ministère

→ Romanian: minister

→ Middle English: mynisterie

English: ministry

Old Galician-Portuguese: mester

Galician: mester

Portuguese: mester, mister

desctree

→ Old Irish: meinistir, menstir
Middle Irish: meinistir

Piedmontese: ministeri

→ Portuguese: ministério

Sicilian: ministeru

Spanish: menester, mester, → ministerio

[mɪnɪs̠ˈt̪ɛriʊ̃ˑ]

From minister + -ium. Compare magisterium.


caldarium

la-noun

caldārium n (genitive caldāriī or caldārī); second declension

caldārium (canonical neuter)
caldāriī (genitive)
caldārī (genitive)
caldārium (nominative singular)
caldāria (nominative plural)
caldāriī (genitive singular)
caldārī (genitive singular)
caldāriōrum (genitive plural)
caldāriō (dative singular)
caldāriīs (dative plural)
caldārium (accusative singular)
caldāria (accusative plural)
caldāriō (ablative singular)
caldāriīs (ablative plural)
caldārium (singular vocative)
caldāria (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: kaldar

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: καλδάριον (kaldárion), καρδάριν (kardárin)

Greek: καρδάρι (kardári)

⇒ Greek: καρδάρα (kardára)

→ Bulgarian: ка́рда (kárda), га́рда (gárda)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: كردل (gerdel), كردر (gerder), كردهل (gerdel)
Turkish: gerdel
→ Arabic: جَرْدَل (jardal)
→ Armenian: կէռտէլ (kēṙtēl)
→ Greek: γκερδέλι (gkerdéli), γερδέλι (gerdéli)

→ English: caldarium

→ French: caldarium

→ Italian: calidario

Megleno-Romanian: căldar

[käɫ̪ˈd̪äːriʊ̃ˑ]

From caldus (“warm in temperature”, alternative form of calidus) + -ārium (improperly for an adjective), via *caldārius.

affix

alternative form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">calidus</i>


exceptio

la-noun

exceptiō f (genitive exceptiōnis); third declension

exceptiō (canonical feminine)
exceptiōnis (genitive)
exceptiō (nominative singular)
exceptiōnēs (nominative plural)
exceptiōnis (genitive singular)
exceptiōnum (genitive plural)
exceptiōnī (dative singular)
exceptiōnibus (dative plural)
exceptiōnem (accusative singular)
exceptiōnēs (accusative plural)
exceptiōne (ablative singular)
exceptiōnibus (ablative plural)
exceptiō (singular vocative)
exceptiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: excepció

English: exception

French: exception

Italian: eccezione

Maltese: eċċezzjoni

→ Old French: excepcion

Anglo-Norman: excepcioun

→ Dutch: exceptie

Portuguese: excepção, exceção

Romanian: excepție

Sicilian: accizziuni

Spanish: excepción

From excipiō (“take out, withdraw; make an exception, except”) + -tiō.

affix

1659, “Vel denique introduceretur nova lege exceptio aut liberatio quaedam; E nam et tunc in praeteritis quoquo negotiis, quorum obligatio hactenus duravit, habere locum, aequum est; non ad id, ut in praeteritum, sed ut in futurum obligatio exceptione recenter inducta resolvatur”, in Novella decis. Ultrajectina 14 Aprilis 1659 art. 21, Paulus Voet de statutis sect. 8 cap. 1 numero 3 except. 6 pag. 292.:


Pentecoste

la-proper noun

Pentēcostē f sg (genitive Pentēcostēs); first declension

Pentēcostē (canonical feminine singular)
Pentēcostēs (genitive)
Pentēcostē (nominative singular)
Pentēcostēs (genitive singular)
Pentēcostae (dative singular)
Pentēcostēn (accusative singular)
Pentēcostē (ablative singular)
Pentēcostē (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Pentecosta

→ French: Pentecôte
→ Turkish: pankot

→ Galician: Pentecoste

→ Hungarian: pünkösd

desctree

→ Italian: Pentecoste
→ Cimbrian: Pentekòste

→ Middle Dutch: pinxter, pinxteren

Dutch: Pinksteren, Pinkster
Negerhollands: pinstu
→ Lokono: Pinkstdaka
→ English: Pinkster
→ Papiamentu: pinkster (dated)

→ Middle High German: phingesten

Cimbrian: finchésten

German: Pfingsten

Hunsrik: Pingste

Luxembourgish: Päischten

→ Middle Low German: pinxten

→ Danish: pinse

→ Norwegian: pinse, pins

→ Swedish: pingst

→ Norman: Pentecôte

→ Occitan: Pentacosta

→ Old English: Pentecosten

Middle English: Pentecoste

English: Pentecost
→ Japanese: ペンテコステ (Pentekosuto)
→ Maori: Petekoha

Scots: Penthicost

→ Old Saxon: pinkost

→ Portuguese: Pentecoste, Pentecostes
→ Indonesian: pentakosta
→ Malayalam: പെന്തക്കൊസ്താ (pentakkostā) (see alt forms there)

→ Scottish Gaelic: Caingis

→ Spanish: Pentecostés, pentecostés
→ Tagalog: Pentekostes

→ West Frisian: Pinkster

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πεντηκοστή (pentēkostḗ).

(Christianity, Late Latin) Pentecost (Christian festival)


frigidarium

la-noun

frīgidārium n (genitive frīgidāriī or frīgidārī); second declension

frīgidārium (canonical neuter)
frīgidāriī (genitive)
frīgidārī (genitive)
frīgidārium (nominative singular)
frīgidāria (nominative plural)
frīgidāriī (genitive singular)
frīgidārī (genitive singular)
frīgidāriōrum (genitive plural)
frīgidāriō (dative singular)
frīgidāriīs (dative plural)
frīgidārium (accusative singular)
frīgidāria (accusative plural)
frīgidāriō (ablative singular)
frīgidāriīs (ablative plural)
frīgidārium (singular vocative)
frīgidāria (plural vocative)

[friːɡɪˈd̪äːriʊ̃ˑ]


Midas

la-proper noun

Midās m sg (genitive Midae); first declension

Midās (canonical masculine singular)
Midae (genitive)
Midās (nominative singular)
Midae (genitive singular)
Midae (dative singular)
Midān (accusative singular)
Midā (ablative singular)
Midā (singular vocative)

→ English: Midas

→ Polish: Midas

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μίδᾱς (Mídās), from Phrygian Μιδας (Midas).

(Greek mythology) Midas (king of Phrygia who was gifted the ability to turn everything he touched to gold.)


Edom

→ English: Edom

Via Koine Greek Ἐδώμ (Edṓm) from Biblical Hebrew אֱדוֹם (ʾĔḏōm).

Hae sunt autem generationes Esau, ipse est Edom

And these are the generations of Esau, the same is Edom

A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Edom; a sobriquet of Esau in the Hebrew Bible

the tribe or nation which is said to be descended from Edom; Edomites


optio

la-noun

optiō m (genitive optiōnis); third declension

optiō (canonical masculine)
optiōnis (genitive)
optiō (nominative singular)
optiōnēs (nominative plural)
optiōnis (genitive singular)
optiōnum (genitive plural)
optiōnī (dative singular)
optiōnibus (dative plural)
optiōnem (accusative singular)
optiōnēs (accusative plural)
optiōne (ablative singular)
optiōnibus (ablative plural)
optiō (singular vocative)
optiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Ancient Greek: ὀπτίων (optíōn)

desc

→ Aramaic: אבטיונא

→ Aramaic: אבטיונא