resisto

la-verb

resistō (present infinitive resistere, perfect active restitī); third conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal in the passive

resistō (canonical)
resistere (infinitive present)
restitī (active perfect)
resistō (active first-person indicative present singular)
resistis (active indicative present second-person singular)
resistit (active indicative present singular third-person)
resistimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
resistitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
resistunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
resistēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
resistēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
resistēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
resistēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
resistēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
resistēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
resistam (active first-person future indicative singular)
resistēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
resistet (active future indicative singular third-person)
resistēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
resistētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
resistent (active future indicative plural third-person)
restitī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
restitistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
restitit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
restitimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
restitistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
restitērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
restitēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
restiteram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
restiterās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
restiterat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
restiterāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
restiterātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
restiterant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
restiterō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
restiteris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
restiterit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
restiterimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
restiteritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
restiterint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
resistitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
resistēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
resistētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
resistam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
resistās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
resistat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
resistāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
resistātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
resistant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
resisterem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
resisterēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
resisteret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
resisterēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
resisterētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
resisterent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
restiterim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
restiterīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
restiterit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
restiterīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
restiterītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
restiterint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
restitissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
restitissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
restitisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
restitissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
restitissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
restitissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
resistātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
resisterētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
resiste (active imperative present second-person singular)
resistite (active imperative plural present second-person)
resistitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
resistitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
resistitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
resistuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
resistere (active infinitive present)
restitisse (active infinitive perfect)
resistī (infinitive passive present)
resistēns (active participle present)
resistendum (future participle passive)
resistundum (future participle passive)
resistendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
resistendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
resistendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
resistendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)

Catalan: resistir

English: resist

French: résister

Galician: resistir

Italian: resistere

Piedmontese: resiste

Portuguese: resistir

Sicilian: risìstiri

Spanish: resistir

[rɛˈs̠ɪs̠t̪oː]

From re- (“back, again”) + sistō (“I place, I stand”).

af

ut alii eruptionibus resisterent

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.24

That the others should resist the sallies [of enemy]

“‘… Quōs omnēs undique Grāiae
circum errant aciēs; et nī mea cūra resistat,

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.598–600

“‘And everywhere all around them the Greek battalions range; and without my care opposing [the onslaught], [by] now they would have suffered the flames, and hostile swords would have drained [their blood].’”
(Venus is protecting the family of Aeneas.)

iam flammae tulerint inimīcus et hauserit ēnsīs.”

(usually in military language) to withstand, oppose, resist; make opposition or resistance (+ dative)


usurpo

la-verb

ūsūrpō (present infinitive ūsūrpāre, perfect active ūsūrpāvī, supine ūsūrpātum); first conjugation

ūsūrpō (canonical)
ūsūrpāre (infinitive present)
ūsūrpāvī (active perfect)
ūsūrpātum (supine)
ūsūrpō (active first-person indicative present singular)
ūsūrpās (active indicative present second-person singular)
ūsūrpat (active indicative present singular third-person)
ūsūrpāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
ūsūrpātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
ūsūrpant (active indicative plural present third-person)
ūsūrpābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ūsūrpābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ūsūrpābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ūsūrpābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ūsūrpābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ūsūrpābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ūsūrpābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
ūsūrpābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
ūsūrpābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
ūsūrpābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
ūsūrpābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
ūsūrpābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
ūsūrpāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
ūsūrpāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ūsūrpāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ūsūrpāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ūsūrpāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ūsūrpāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ūsūrpāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ūsūrpāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ūsūrpāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ūsūrpāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
ūsūrpāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
ūsūrpāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
ūsūrpārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
ūsūrpāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ūsūrpārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ūsūrpāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
ūsūrpārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
ūsūrpāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ūsūrpārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ūsūrpāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
ūsūrpārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
ūsūrpāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
ūsūrpāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
ūsūrpāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
ūsūrpārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
ūsūrpāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
ūsūrpārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
ūsūrpāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ūsūrpāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ūsūrpāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
ūsūrpor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
ūsūrpāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
ūsūrpāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
ūsūrpātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
ūsūrpāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
ūsūrpāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
ūsūrpantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
ūsūrpābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
ūsūrpābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
ūsūrpābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
ūsūrpābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
ūsūrpābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
ūsūrpābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
ūsūrpābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
ūsūrpābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
ūsūrpāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
ūsūrpābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
ūsūrpābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
ūsūrpābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
ūsūrpābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
ūsūrpābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
ūsūrpem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ūsūrpētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ūsūrpārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
ūsūrpārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
ūsūrpāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ūsūrpāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ūsūrpāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrper (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
ūsūrpēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ūsūrpārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
ūsūrpārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ūsūrpārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ūsūrpā (active imperative present second-person singular)
ūsūrpāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
ūsūrpātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
ūsūrpātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
ūsūrpātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
ūsūrpantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
ūsūrpāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
ūsūrpāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
ūsūrpātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
ūsūrpātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
ūsūrpantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
ūsūrpāre (active infinitive present)
ūsūrpāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
ūsūrpāsse (active infinitive perfect)
ūsūrpātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
ūsūrpārī (infinitive passive present)
ūsūrpātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
ūsūrpātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
ūsūrpāns (active participle present)
ūsūrpātūrus (active future participle)
ūsūrpātus (participle passive perfect)
ūsūrpandus (future participle passive)
ūsūrpandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
ūsūrpandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
ūsūrpandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
ūsūrpandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
ūsūrpātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
ūsūrpātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Catalan: usurpar

→ English: usurp

→ Old French: usurper

Middle French: usurper

French: usurper

→ Galician: usurpar

→ Italian: usurpare

→ Occitan: usurpar

→ Portuguese: usurpar

→ Romanian: uzurpa

→ Sicilian: usurpari

→ Old Spanish: usurpar

Spanish: usurpar

(law) to seize, get possession of, acquire, obtain something

(law) to assume, appropriate or get possession of unlawfully, usurp; trespass on


acroama

la-noun

acroāma n (genitive acroāmatis); third declension

acroāma (canonical neuter)
acroāmatis (genitive)
acroāma (nominative singular)
acroāmata (nominative plural)
acroāmatis (genitive singular)
acroāmatum (genitive plural)
acroāmatī (dative singular)
acroāmatibus (dative plural)
acroāma (accusative singular)
acroāmata (accusative plural)
acroāmate (ablative singular)
acroāmatibus (ablative plural)
acroāma (singular vocative)
acroāmata (plural vocative)

English: acroama

Portuguese: acroama

From Ancient Greek ἀκρόαμα (akróama, “something heard”).

der

Anything heard, especially anything heard for entertainment, such as a play or musical piece.

performer, such as an actor or musician.


visito

la-verb

vīsitō (present infinitive vīsitāre, perfect active vīsitāvī, supine vīsitātum); first conjugation

vīsitō (canonical)
vīsitāre (infinitive present)
vīsitāvī (active perfect)
vīsitātum (supine)
vīsitō (active first-person indicative present singular)
vīsitās (active indicative present second-person singular)
vīsitat (active indicative present singular third-person)
vīsitāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
vīsitātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
vīsitant (active indicative plural present third-person)
vīsitābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vīsitābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vīsitābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vīsitābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vīsitābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vīsitābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vīsitābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
vīsitābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
vīsitābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
vīsitābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
vīsitābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
vīsitābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
vīsitāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
vīsitāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
vīsitāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
vīsitāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
vīsitāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
vīsitāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
vīsitāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
vīsitāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
vīsitāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
vīsitāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
vīsitāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
vīsitāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
vīsitāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
vīsitāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
vīsitāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
vīsitāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
vīsitāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
vīsitāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
vīsitāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
vīsitor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
vīsitāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
vīsitāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
vīsitātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
vīsitāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
vīsitāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
vīsitantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
vīsitābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
vīsitābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
vīsitābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
vīsitābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
vīsitābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
vīsitābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
vīsitābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
vīsitābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
vīsitāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
vīsitābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
vīsitābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
vīsitābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
vīsitābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
vīsitābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
vīsitem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
vīsitēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
vīsitēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
vīsitētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
vīsitent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
vīsitārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vīsitārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vīsitārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vīsitārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vīsitārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vīsitāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
vīsitāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vīsitāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
vīsitāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vīsitāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vīsitāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
vīsitāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vīsitāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
vīsitāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vīsitāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vīsiter (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
vīsitēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
vīsitēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
vīsitēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
vīsitentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
vīsitārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
vīsitārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
vīsitārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
vīsitārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
vīsitārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
vīsitārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
vīsitā (active imperative present second-person singular)
vīsitāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
vīsitātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
vīsitātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
vīsitātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
vīsitantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
vīsitāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
vīsitāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
vīsitātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
vīsitātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
vīsitantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
vīsitāre (active infinitive present)
vīsitāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
vīsitātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
vīsitārī (infinitive passive present)
vīsitātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
vīsitātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
vīsitāns (active participle present)
vīsitātūrus (active future participle)
vīsitātus (participle passive perfect)
vīsitandus (future participle passive)
vīsitandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
vīsitandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
vīsitandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
vīsitandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
vīsitātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
vīsitātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Albanian: vështoj

→ Aragonese: besitar, vesitar

→ Asturian: visitar

→ Catalan: visitar

→ Corsican: visita

→ Extremaduran: vesital

→ Friulian: visitâ

→ Galician: visitar

→ Italian: visitare

→ Ladino: vijitar

→ Ligurian: vixitâ

desctree

→ Middle French: visiter
French: visiter
→ Romanian: vizita
→ Norman: vîsiter
→ Middle Dutch: visiteren
Dutch: visiteren
→ Middle English: visiten
English: visit

Old French: visder

→ Leonese: visitare

→ Mirandese: bejitar, besitar

Occitan: vistalhar

→ Piedmontese: visité

→ Portuguese: visitar

→ Spanish: visitar
→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: qui̱bisitöroa

→ Venetan: vixitar

[ˈu̯iːs̠ɪt̪oː]

From vīsō + -itō (frequentative suffix).


Polyphemus

la-proper noun

Polyphēmus m sg (genitive Polyphēmī); second declension

Polyphēmus (canonical masculine singular)
Polyphēmī (genitive)
Polyphēmus (nominative singular)
Polyphēmī (genitive singular)
Polyphēmō (dative singular)
Polyphēmum (accusative singular)
Polyphēmō (ablative singular)
Polyphēme (singular vocative)

→ English: Polyphemus

→ French: Polyphème

→ Italian: Polifemo

→ Sicilian: Pulifimu

[pɔlʲʏˈpʰeːmʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Πολύφημος (Polúphēmos, from πολύ (polú) + φήμη (phḗmē) + -ος (-os), literally “many-voiced”, “much spoken of”, or “abounding in songs and legends”).

bor

(Greek mythology) Polyphemus, the one-eyed Cyclops in Sicily, son of Neptune, who was blinded by Ulysses in Homer's Odyssey


supinum

la-noun

supīnum n (genitive supīnī); second declension

supīnum (canonical neuter)
supīnī (genitive)
supīnum (nominative singular)
supīna (nominative plural)
supīnī (genitive singular)
supīnōrum (genitive plural)
supīnō (dative singular)
supīnīs (dative plural)
supīnum (accusative singular)
supīna (accusative plural)
supīnō (ablative singular)
supīnīs (ablative plural)
supīnum (singular vocative)
supīna (plural vocative)

supine; In Latin language, a type of verbal noun used in the ablative and accusative cases, which shares the same stem as the passive participle.


aedicula

aedicula f (genitive aediculae); first declension

aediculae (genitive)
aedicula (nominative singular)
aediculae (nominative plural)
aediculae (genitive singular)
aediculārum (genitive plural)
aediculae (dative singular)
aediculīs (dative plural)
aediculam (accusative singular)
aediculās (accusative plural)
aediculā (ablative singular)
aediculīs (ablative plural)
aedicula (singular vocative)
aediculae (plural vocative)

→ English: aedicula

→ Portuguese: edícula

Italian: edicola

Spanish: edículo

[äe̯ˈd̪ɪkʊɫ̪ä]

Diminutive from aedēs (“a dwelling, sanctuary”) + -cula.


pulpitum

pulpitum n (genitive pulpitī); second declension

pulpitī (genitive)
pulpitum (nominative singular)
pulpita (nominative plural)
pulpitī (genitive singular)
pulpitōrum (genitive plural)
pulpitō (dative singular)
pulpitīs (dative plural)
pulpitum (accusative singular)
pulpita (accusative plural)
pulpitō (ablative singular)
pulpitīs (ablative plural)
pulpitum (singular vocative)
pulpita (plural vocative)

Catalan: púlpit

→ English: pulpitum

desctree

→ French: pupitre
→ Russian: пюпи́тр (pjupítr)
→ Spanish: pupitre
→ Catalan: pupitre
→ Ukrainian: пюпі́тр (pjupítr)

Friulian: pulpit

Italian: pulpito

Lombard: pulpit

→ Middle English: pulpit, pulpet, pollepyt, pullpite, polepitt, pulpitte, pulpytt, pulpette, pulpite
English: pulpit
Scots: poopit, poupit

→ Middle High German: pulpet

German: Pult
→ Russian: пульт (pulʹt)
→ Armenian: պուլտ (pult)
→ Georgian: პულტი (ṗulṭi)
→ Ukrainian: пу́льт (púlʹt)

→ Swedish: pulpet

→ Finnish: pulpetti

→ Norwegian: pult

Piedmontese: pùlpit

→ Polish: pulpit

Portuguese: púlpito

→ Romanian: pulpitum

Spanish: púlpito

[ˈpʊɫ̪pɪt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Of obscure origin, but said to be an Ancient Greek borrowing. According to the American Heritage Dictionary, possibly a back-formation from plural pulpita, perhaps (via Etruscan *pulputa or *pulpta), from Ancient Greek πολύποδα (polúpoda), neuter plural of πολύπους (polúpous, “trodden by many feet, having many feet”).

unk

obscure


Agamemnon

la-proper noun

Agamemnōn m sg (genitive Agamemnonis); third declension

Agamemnōn (canonical masculine singular)
Agamemnonis (genitive)
Agamemnōn (nominative singular)
Agamemnonis (genitive singular)
Agamemnonī (dative singular)
Agamemnona (accusative singular)
Agamemnone (ablative singular)
Agamemnōn (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Ἀγαμέμνων (Agamémnōn).


praenomen

la-noun

praenōmen n (genitive praenōminis); third declension

praenōmen (canonical neuter)
praenōminis (genitive)
praenōmen (nominative singular)
praenōmina (nominative plural)
praenōminis (genitive singular)
praenōminum (genitive plural)
praenōminī (dative singular)
praenōminibus (dative plural)
praenōmen (accusative singular)
praenōmina (accusative plural)
praenōmine (ablative singular)
praenōminibus (ablative plural)
praenōmen (singular vocative)
praenōmina (plural vocative)


Raphael

la-proper noun

Rāphāēl m sg (genitive Rāphāēlis); third declension

Rāphāēl (canonical masculine singular)
Rāphāēlis (genitive)
Rāphāēl (nominative singular)
Rāphāēlis (genitive singular)
Rāphāēlī (dative singular)
Rāphāēlem (accusative singular)
Rāphāēle (ablative singular)
Rāphāēl (singular vocative)

From Koine Greek Ῥᾱφᾱήλ (Rhāphāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew רָפָאֵל (Rāfāʾēl).

a male given name, equivalent to English Raphael


cantus

la-noun

cantus m (genitive cantūs); fourth declension

cantūs (genitive)
cantus (nominative singular)
cantūs (nominative plural)
cantūs (genitive singular)
cantuum (genitive plural)
cantuī (dative singular)
cantibus (dative plural)
cantum (accusative singular)
cantūs (accusative plural)
cantū (ablative singular)
cantibus (ablative plural)
cantus (singular vocative)
cantūs (plural vocative)

Asturian: cantu

Catalan: cant

Corsican: cantu
Gallurese: cantu

→ English: cantus, chant

French: chant

Friulian: cjant, čhant

Galician: canto

Italian: canto

Piedmontese: cant

Portuguese: canto

Romanian: cânt

Sardinian: cantu

Sicilian: cantu

Spanish: canto

Walloon: tchant

[ˈkän̪t̪ʊs̠]

crowing, crow (sound certain birds make)


palmarium

palmārium n (genitive palmāriī or palmārī); second declension

palmārium (canonical neuter)
palmāriī (genitive)
palmārī (genitive)
palmārium (nominative singular)
palmāria (nominative plural)
palmāriī (genitive singular)
palmārī (genitive singular)
palmāriōrum (genitive plural)
palmāriō (dative singular)
palmāriīs (dative plural)
palmārium (accusative singular)
palmāria (accusative plural)
palmāriō (ablative singular)
palmāriīs (ablative plural)
palmārium (singular vocative)
palmāria (plural vocative)

Italian: palmario

[päɫ̪ˈmäːriʊ̃ˑ]

Literally "deserving of a palm", from palmārius (“of or pertaining to palm trees”), from palma (“hand, palm of the hand; palm tree”).


procurator

prōcūrātor m (genitive prōcūrātōris); third declension

prōcūrātor (canonical masculine)
prōcūrātōris (genitive)
prōcūrātor (nominative singular)
prōcūrātōrēs (nominative plural)
prōcūrātōris (genitive singular)
prōcūrātōrum (genitive plural)
prōcūrātōrī (dative singular)
prōcūrātōribus (dative plural)
prōcūrātōrem (accusative singular)
prōcūrātōrēs (accusative plural)
prōcūrātōre (ablative singular)
prōcūrātōribus (ablative plural)
prōcūrātor (singular vocative)
prōcūrātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: procurador

→ German: Prokuratur

→ Hungarian: prokurátor (obsolete) → prókátor

→ Italian: procuratore

→ Old French: procuratour

→ Middle English: procuratour, proctour

English: procurator, proctor

French: procurateur

→ Old Irish: procatóir

Irish: prócadóir

→ Polish: prokurator

→ Portuguese: procurador

→ Romanian: procurator

→ Spanish: procurador

From prōcūrō (“I manage, administer”) + -tor.

tax collector (during the imperial eras)


convivium

convīvium n (genitive convīviī or convīvī); second declension

convīvium (canonical neuter)
convīviī (genitive)
convīvī (genitive)
convīvium (nominative singular)
convīvia (nominative plural)
convīviī (genitive singular)
convīvī (genitive singular)
convīviōrum (genitive plural)
convīviō (dative singular)
convīviīs (dative plural)
convīvium (accusative singular)
convīvia (accusative plural)
convīviō (ablative singular)
convīviīs (ablative plural)
convīvium (singular vocative)
convīvia (plural vocative)

Friulian: convivi

Italian: convivio

Portuguese: convívio

Spanish: convivio

→ English: convivium

→ Old French: convive

[kɔnˈu̯iːu̯iʊ̃ˑ]

Nunc eadem lābente diē convīvia quaerit, ….

Now, as each day wanes, [Dido] endeavors [to repeat] the same feasts, ….
(In other words, the queen repeatedly hosts lavish banquets similar to the welcoming feast in the first book of the Aeneid.)


scena

scēna f (genitive scēnae); first declension

scēna (canonical feminine)
scēnae (genitive)
scēna (nominative singular)
scēnae (nominative plural)
scēnae (genitive singular)
scēnārum (genitive plural)
scēnae (dative singular)
scēnīs (dative plural)
scēnam (accusative singular)
scēnās (accusative plural)
scēnā (ablative singular)
scēnīs (ablative plural)
scēna (singular vocative)
scēnae (plural vocative)

Catalan: escena

→ German: Szene

→ Russian: сцена (scena)

Italian: scena

→ English: scena

Middle French: scene

→ English: scene

French: scène

→ Dutch: scène

Norman: scène

Portuguese: cena

Romanian: scenă

→ Serbo-Croatian: сцена, scena

Spanish: escena

From Ancient Greek σκηνή (skēnḗ, “stage, scene”).

der

… aut Agamemnonius scēnīs agitātus Orestēs

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.471–472

… or [like] Agamemnon’s [son] Orestes, tormented onstage [by his dead] mother [who is] armed with torches and black snakes, ….
(A poetic plural reference to theatrical performances of the tragedy.)

armātam facibus mātrem et serpentibus ātrīs ….

“Obscaenum” dictum ab “scaena”; eam, ut Graeci, Accius scribit “scena”.

116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, De lingua Latina 7.96

Obscaenum ‘foul’ is said from scaena ‘stage’; this word Accius writes scena, like the Greeks.


socius

la-adj

socius (feminine socia, neuter socium); first/second-declension adjective

socia (feminine)
socium (neuter)
socius (masculine nominative singular)
socia (feminine nominative singular)
socium (neuter nominative singular)
sociī (masculine nominative plural)
sociae (feminine nominative plural)
socia (neuter nominative plural)
sociī (genitive masculine singular)
sociae (feminine genitive singular)
sociī (genitive neuter singular)
sociōrum (genitive masculine plural)
sociārum (feminine genitive plural)
sociōrum (genitive neuter plural)
sociō (dative masculine singular)
sociae (dative feminine singular)
sociō (dative neuter singular)
sociīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
socium (accusative masculine singular)
sociam (accusative feminine singular)
socium (accusative neuter singular)
sociōs (accusative masculine plural)
sociās (accusative feminine plural)
socia (accusative neuter plural)
sociō (ablative masculine singular)
sociā (ablative feminine singular)
sociō (ablative neuter singular)
sociīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
socie (masculine singular vocative)
socia (feminine singular vocative)
socium (neuter singular vocative)
sociī (masculine plural vocative)
sociae (feminine plural vocative)
socia (neuter plural vocative)

From Old Latin sokios, from Proto-Italic *sokjos, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-h₂-y-ós (“follower, companion”) (identical to Proto-Germanic *sagjaz), perhaps thematicized from collective *sokʷ-h₂-ṓy (compare Sanskrit सखि (sákhi, “companion”)), ultimately from the root *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Compare Faliscan socia (“girlfriend, companion”).

cog

sharing, joining in, partaking, associated


socius

la-noun

socius m (genitive sociī or socī); second declension

sociī (genitive)
socī (genitive)
socius (nominative singular)
sociī (nominative plural)
sociī (genitive singular)
socī (genitive singular)
sociōrum (genitive plural)
sociō (dative singular)
sociīs (dative plural)
socium (accusative singular)
sociōs (accusative plural)
sociō (ablative singular)
sociīs (ablative plural)
socie (singular vocative)
sociī (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: sots

Romanian: soț

Italian: soccio

→ Albanian: shok

→ Catalan: soci

→ English: socio-

→ German: Sozius

→ Italian: socio

→ Portuguese: sócio

→ Sicilian: sociu

→ Spanish: socio

→ Welsh: saig

⇒ Latin: socia f

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: soatsã

Romanian: soață

Italian: soccia

→ Catalan: sòcia

→ Spanish: socia

→ Albanian: shoqe


acies

aciēs f (genitive aciēī); fifth declension

aciēs (canonical feminine)
aciēī (genitive)
aciēs (nominative singular)
aciēs (nominative plural)
aciēī (genitive singular)
aciērum (genitive plural)
aciēī (dative singular)
aciēbus (dative plural)
aciem (accusative singular)
aciēs (accusative plural)
aciē (ablative singular)
aciēbus (ablative plural)
aciēs (singular vocative)
aciēs (plural vocative)

desc

Extremaduran: haci (merged with haci < fasces)

Old Galician-Portuguese: az

Old Spanish: azes, az

Spanish: haz (merged with haz < fasces)

Sardinian: (< *acia)

Campidanese: atza

Logudorese: atta, atha

→ English: acies

→ Italian: acie

→ Portuguese: ácie

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”). By surface analysis, aceō + -iēs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀκίς (akís, “point, pointed object”), ἀκή (akḗ, “point”) and Proto-Germanic *agjō (whence English edge).
See also word origin of ace.


furtum

la-noun

fūrtum n (genitive fūrtī); second declension

fūrtum (canonical neuter)
fūrtī (genitive)
fūrtum (nominative singular)
fūrta (nominative plural)
fūrtī (genitive singular)
fūrtōrum (genitive plural)
fūrtō (dative singular)
fūrtīs (dative plural)
fūrtum (accusative singular)
fūrta (accusative plural)
fūrtō (ablative singular)
fūrtīs (ablative plural)
fūrtum (singular vocative)
fūrta (plural vocative)

Aromanian: furtu

Catalan: furt

Italian: furto

Occitan: furt

Portuguese: furto

Romanian: furt

Old Spanish: furto

Spanish: hurto

Sicilian: furtu

[ˈfuːrt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Derived from Latin fūr (“thief”). Cognate to Ancient Greek φώρ (phṓr, “thief”).

Non furtum facies.


marmor

marmor n (genitive marmoris); third declension

marmoris (genitive)
marmor (nominative singular)
marmora (nominative plural)
marmoris (genitive singular)
marmorum (genitive plural)
marmorī (dative singular)
marmoribus (dative plural)
marmor (accusative singular)
marmora (accusative plural)
marmore (ablative singular)
marmoribus (ablative plural)
marmor (singular vocative)
marmora (plural vocative)

Lombard: marmor

→ Albanian: marmur

Aragonese: marbre

Aromanian: marmurã, marmuri

Asturian: mármole, mármol

Catalan: marbre

→ English: marble (via Old French)

→ Finnish: marmori

→ Norwegian: marmor

French: marbre

Friulian: marmul

Galician: mármore

German: Marmor

→ Irish: marmar

Italian: marmo

Occitan: marbre, marme

→ Polish: marmur

Portuguese: mármore

Romanian: marmură

Romansch: marmel

→ Russian: мрамор (mramor)

Sardinian: màrmuri, màrmuru

Sicilian: màrmuru, màrmura

Spanish: mármol

→ Swedish: marmor

Venetan: marmo, màrmaro, màlmaro

→ Welsh: marmor

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μάρμαρος (mármaros, “marble, crystalline rock”).

bor

(architecture) a marble statue; marble building


mucro

la-noun

mūcrō m (genitive mūcrōnis); third declension

mūcrō (canonical masculine)
mūcrōnis (genitive)
mūcrō (nominative singular)
mūcrōnēs (nominative plural)
mūcrōnis (genitive singular)
mūcrōnum (genitive plural)
mūcrōnī (dative singular)
mūcrōnibus (dative plural)
mūcrōnem (accusative singular)
mūcrōnēs (accusative plural)
mūcrōne (ablative singular)
mūcrōnibus (ablative plural)
mūcrō (singular vocative)
mūcrōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: mugró

English: mucro

Portuguese: mucrão

Perhaps individualizing n-stem derivative of a lost adjective *mūkro- (“pointed, sharp”), from a Proto-Italic *meuk-ro-, *mouk-ro-, derivative of a Proto-Indo-European root *h₂mewḱ-, also seen in Ancient Greek ἀμύσσω (amússō, “I tear, rip”), ἀμυκάλαι (amukálai, “arrowtips”), and perhaps also in Lithuanian mùšti (“strike”).

cog

A sharp point, especially the point of a sword.


iter

la-noun

iter n (genitive itineris); third declension

itineris (genitive)
iter (nominative singular)
itinera (nominative plural)
itineris (genitive singular)
itinerum (genitive plural)
itinerī (dative singular)
itineribus (dative plural)
iter (accusative singular)
itinera (accusative plural)
itinere (ablative singular)
itineribus (ablative plural)
iter (singular vocative)
itinera (plural vocative)

Old French: erre, eirre, oirre

French: erre

→ English: iter

→ Italian: iter

From Proto-Italic *eitər, *eitor, conflation of an r/n-stem (where both stems are conflated, thus gen. itineris from inherited *itinis and analogical *iteris; compare iecur and femur), from Proto-Indo-European reconstructed as *h₁éy-tr̥ ~ *h₁i-tén-, from *h₁ey- (whence eō).
Cognate with Tocharian A ytārye (“path, road”), Avestan 𐬌𐬚𐬥𐬀 (iθna) in 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌-𐬌𐬚𐬥𐬀- (paⁱri-iθna-, “(end of) lifetime”).

a route, whether:
(Medieval Latin, law) a court circuit


schola

schola f (genitive scholae); first declension

scholae (genitive)
schola (nominative singular)
scholae (nominative plural)
scholae (genitive singular)
scholārum (genitive plural)
scholae (dative singular)
scholīs (dative plural)
scholam (accusative singular)
scholās (accusative plural)
scholā (ablative singular)
scholīs (ablative plural)
schola (singular vocative)
scholae (plural vocative)

Gallo-Italic

Lombard: scöla, scöra

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: scola

desc

Dalmatian: scol, skól, skuol, scol, scól, scuol

Gallurese: iscola

desctree

Italian: scuola, scola (dialectal or archaic), squola (misspelling)
→ Serbo-Croatian: škȏla／шко̑ла

Neapolitan: scola

Sassarese: ischora

Sicilian: scola

Old Occitan:

Catalan: escola

Occitan: escòla

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: scuele

Ladin: scola

desc

Romansch: scola, scoula (Puter, Vallader)

Sardinian: isciola, iscola, scola

Venetan: scoła, scola

→ Cimbrian: skoul

West Iberian

→ Andalusian Arabic: اشكولة (ʔiškūla)

Old Leonese:

Asturian: escuela

Mirandese: scuola

Old Galician-Portuguese: escola

Galician: escola

Portuguese: escola (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish:

Ladino:

Hebrew script: סקולה

Latin script: skola, eskola

Spanish: escuela (see there for further descendants)

→ Albanian: shkollë

→ Proto-Brythonic: *skol (see there for further descendants)

→ English: schola

desctree

→ Old French: escole
Franc-Comtois: écôle
Middle French: eschole
French: école
Haitian Creole: lekòl
→ Bambara: ekɔli, lakɔli
→ Moore: lekolle
Turkish: ekol
Norman: êcole
Walloon: scole, sicole

→ Old Irish: scol

Irish: scoil

Manx: scoill

Scottish Gaelic: sgoil

→ Proto-West Germanic: *skōlu (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: școală (via a Slavic language)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).

etymon

c. ad 65, Seneca, Moral Letters to Lucilius, CVI.

We learn [such literature] not for life but for schooltime.

Leisure time given to learning; schooltime, classtime.

1804 Jun 12, Oberdeutsche Allgemeine Litteraturzeitung, No. 70, p. 1119

We must learn not for school but for life.

A school; a place for learning or instruction.

A student body; the disciples of a teacher.

Near-synonym: lūdus

A school (especially a secondary school), a sect; body of followers of a teacher or system, such as those of a philosopher or the Praetorian guard


germanus

la-adj

germānus (feminine germāna, neuter germānum, adverb germānē); first/second-declension adjective

germānus (canonical)
germāna (feminine)
germānum (neuter)
germānē (adverb)
germānus (masculine nominative singular)
germāna (feminine nominative singular)
germānum (neuter nominative singular)
germānī (masculine nominative plural)
germānae (feminine nominative plural)
germāna (neuter nominative plural)
germānī (genitive masculine singular)
germānae (feminine genitive singular)
germānī (genitive neuter singular)
germānōrum (genitive masculine plural)
germānārum (feminine genitive plural)
germānōrum (genitive neuter plural)
germānō (dative masculine singular)
germānae (dative feminine singular)
germānō (dative neuter singular)
germānīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
germānum (accusative masculine singular)
germānam (accusative feminine singular)
germānum (accusative neuter singular)
germānōs (accusative masculine plural)
germānās (accusative feminine plural)
germāna (accusative neuter plural)
germānō (ablative masculine singular)
germānā (ablative feminine singular)
germānō (ablative neuter singular)
germānīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
germāne (masculine singular vocative)
germāna (feminine singular vocative)
germānum (neuter singular vocative)
germānī (masculine plural vocative)
germānae (feminine plural vocative)
germāna (neuter plural vocative)

Italian: germano

→ Old French: germain

French: germain

Norman: gèrmain

→ English: germane, german

→ Portuguese: germano

[ɡɛrˈmäːnʊs̠]

From germen (“sprout, bud”), perhaps for *germ(i)nānus. Not to be confused with the unrelated Germānus.


gener

la-noun

gener m (genitive generī); second declension

generī (genitive)
gener (nominative singular)
generī (nominative plural)
generī (genitive singular)
generōrum (genitive plural)
generō (dative singular)
generīs (dative plural)
generum (accusative singular)
generōs (accusative plural)
generō (ablative singular)
generīs (ablative plural)
gener (singular vocative)
generī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: dziniri, dzinire

Romanian: ginere

Italo-Romance:

Italian: genero

Neapolitan: jennero

Sicilian: jènniru

Padanian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: zèner, zènar, zèndar

Ligurian: zénou, zénne, zénio, zèndre

desc

Lombard: zèner, gèner, zènder, xéner, gèner, gèndro

Piedmontese: gënner, gëner, gène, zène, zèni, zëndri, zëner

Romagnol: zènar, zènnar, zènre

Friulian: zinar, ginar

Venetan: zendro, zènero, xènero

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: gendre, genre

Franco-Provençal: gendro

Old French: gendre (see there for further descendants)

Old Gascon: gier

Gascon: gèr, hiér, iendre

Occitan: gendre

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: xenru

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: genrro
Fala: ixhenru, xenru, xhenru
Galician: xenro
Portuguese: genro

Old Spanish: yerno

Spanish: yerno

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: ghèneru, génniru

From Proto-Italic *genros, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵm̥ros, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵem-. The current form can be derived from a byform *gemros, assimilating the nasal to make *genros, from which derives a second-declension r-stem.

hanc ego cum vellem generō dare, tempora taedīs

When I was wanting to give her to a son-in-law, I was looking for the times suited for marriage torches, and whichever [times] must be avoided.

aptā requīrēbam, quaeque cavenda forent.


hastati

la-noun

hastātī m pl (genitive hastātōrum); second declension

hastātī (canonical masculine plural)
hastātōrum (genitive)
hastātī (nominative plural)
hastātōrum (genitive plural)
hastātīs (dative plural)
hastātōs (accusative plural)
hastātīs (ablative plural)
hastātī (plural vocative)

[häs̠ˈt̪äːt̪iː]

[äsˈt̪äːt̪i]

(military, plural only) first line of the pre-Marian Roman army (before, respectively, the prī̆ncipēs and the triāriī)


hastatus

hastātus m (genitive hastātī); second declension

hastātus (canonical masculine)
hastātī (genitive)
hastātus (nominative singular)
hastātī (nominative plural)
hastātī (genitive singular)
hastātōrum (genitive plural)
hastātō (dative singular)
hastātīs (dative plural)
hastātum (accusative singular)
hastātōs (accusative plural)
hastātō (ablative singular)
hastātīs (ablative plural)
hastāte (singular vocative)
hastātī (plural vocative)

[häs̠ˈt̪äːt̪ʊs̠]

Primus hastātus

(mainly with primus, secundus,...) a maniple, company of the hastātī


legio

legiō f (genitive legiōnis); third declension

legiō (canonical feminine)
legiōnis (genitive)
legiō (nominative singular)
legiōnēs (nominative plural)
legiōnis (genitive singular)
legiōnum (genitive plural)
legiōnī (dative singular)
legiōnibus (dative plural)
legiōnem (accusative singular)
legiōnēs (accusative plural)
legiōne (ablative singular)
legiōnibus (ablative plural)
legiō (singular vocative)
legiōnēs (plural vocative)

desc

→ Armenian: ղեգեօն (ġegeōn), ղէգէօն (ġēgēōn), լեգէոն (legēon), լեգեոն (legeon)

→ Asturian: llexón, lexón

→ Catalan: legió

→ Czech: legie

→ Danish: legion

→ Dutch: legio

→ Esperanto: legio

→ Finnish: legioona

→ Galician: lexión

→ German: Legion

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: λεγεών (legeṓn)
Greek: λεγεώνα (legeóna)
→ Aramaic: לגיונא
→ Coptic: ⲗⲉⲅⲉⲱⲛ (legeōn)
→ Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍉𐌽 (laigaiōn)

→ Hungarian: légió

→ Icelandic: legíó

→ Ido: legiono

→ Irish: léigiún

→ Italian: legione

→ Sicilian: liggiuni

→ Maltese: leġjun

→ Norwegian Bokmål: legion

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: legion

→ Old French: legion

→ Middle Dutch: legioen

Dutch: legioen
Afrikaans: legioen
→ Indonesian: legiun
Negerhollands: legionen
→ West Frisian: legioen

→ Middle English: legioun

English: legion

→ French: légion
Persian: لژیون (ležiyon)

→ Polish: legion

→ Portuguese: legião

→ Romanian: legiune

→ Russian: легио́н (legión)

→ Sicilian: lijuni

Spanish: León, → legión

→ Serbo-Croatian: legija

→ Swedish: legion

→ Swedish: legio

→ Volapük: legion

From legere, legō (“to choose; to collect”) + -iō.


legatus

la-noun

lēgātus m (genitive lēgātī); second declension

lēgātus (canonical masculine)
lēgātī (genitive)
lēgātus (nominative singular)
lēgātī (nominative plural)
lēgātī (genitive singular)
lēgātōrum (genitive plural)
lēgātō (dative singular)
lēgātīs (dative plural)
lēgātum (accusative singular)
lēgātōs (accusative plural)
lēgātō (ablative singular)
lēgātīs (ablative plural)
lēgāte (singular vocative)
lēgātī (plural vocative)

Catalan: legat, llegat

→ English: legate

French: légat

Galician: legado

Italian: legato

Occitan: legat

Portuguese: legado

→ Russian: легат (legat)

Spanish: legado

[ɫ̪eːˈɡäːt̪ʊs̠]

Perfect passive participle of lēgō (“send, despatch”).

Caesar partitis copiis cum Gaio Fabio legato et Marco Crasso quaestore celeriterque effectis pontibus adit tripertito, aedificia vicosque incendit, magno pecoris atque hominum numero potitur.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 6.6

Caesar, having divided his forces with C. Fabius, his lieutenant, and M. Crassus his questor, and having hastily constructed some bridges, enters their country in three divisions, burns their houses and villages, and gets possession of a large number of cattle and men.


damnum

damnum n (genitive damnī); second declension

damnī (genitive)
damnum (nominative singular)
damna (nominative plural)
damnī (genitive singular)
damnōrum (genitive plural)
damnō (dative singular)
damnīs (dative plural)
damnum (accusative singular)
damna (accusative plural)
damnō (ablative singular)
damnīs (ablative plural)
damnum (singular vocative)
damna (plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

damno, duon

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: daună

→ Albanian: dëm, dam, dôm

Italo-Romance:

Italian: danno

Sicilian: dannu

North Italian:

Friulian: dam

Istriot: dagno

Romansch: donn

Venetan: dano

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: dan

French: dam

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: dany

Occitan: dam

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: dañu

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: dano
Galician: dano
Portuguese: dano

Old Spanish: danno

Spanish: daño

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: dannu

Borrowings:

→ English: damnum

From Proto-Italic *dapnom, from Proto-Indo-European *dh₂pnóm (“expense, investment”), from the root *deh₂p-, whence also daps (“sacrificial meal, feast”).


spatha

la-noun

spatha f (genitive spathae); first declension

spathae (genitive)
spatha (nominative singular)
spathae (nominative plural)
spathae (genitive singular)
spathārum (genitive plural)
spathae (dative singular)
spathīs (dative plural)
spatham (accusative singular)
spathās (accusative plural)
spathā (ablative singular)
spathīs (ablative plural)
spatha (singular vocative)
spathae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: spatã

Istro-Romanian: spåte

Megleno-Romanian: spată

Romanian: spată, spate

Dalmatian:

sputa

Italo-Romance:

Italian: spata, spada

→ Polish: szpada, szpaga

→ Russian: шпага (špaga)

Neapolitan: spata

Sicilian: spata

North-Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: spâ

Piedmontese: spa

Friulian: spade

Istriot: spada

Romansch: spada, speda

Venetan: spada

→ Serbo-Croatian: špȃda

Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: èpèye, èpèya, èpèa, èpê

desctree

Old French: espee, spede (9th century), espethe (early Anglo-Norman)
Middle French: espee
French: épée
→ English: epee

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: espasa

Old Occitan: espaza, espada

Occitan: espasa, espada

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: espada

Mirandese: spada

Old Galician-Portuguese: espada

Galician: espada

Portuguese: espada (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: espada

Spanish: espada

→ Cebuano: espada

→ Karao: ispada

→ Tagalog: espada

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: ispada, spada

Ancient borrowings:

→ Albanian: shpatë

→ Basque: ezpata

Later borrowings:

→ English: spatha, spathe

From Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “any broad blade, of wood or metal”).

der

spatha; a long, two-edged, straight sword, 75cm to 1m, typically carried by Roman cavalry officers

batten; broad piece of wood used in weaving to compress the woof threads


pronomen

la-noun

prōnōmen n (genitive prōnōminis); third declension

prōnōmen (canonical neuter)
prōnōminis (genitive)
prōnōmen (nominative singular)
prōnōmina (nominative plural)
prōnōminis (genitive singular)
prōnōminum (genitive plural)
prōnōminī (dative singular)
prōnōminibus (dative plural)
prōnōmen (accusative singular)
prōnōmina (accusative plural)
prōnōmine (ablative singular)
prōnōminibus (ablative plural)
prōnōmen (singular vocative)
prōnōmina (plural vocative)

From prō (“instead of”) + nōmen (“name; in grammar: noun (sensu lato)”), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀντωνυμία (antōnumía).


amphitheatrum

la-noun

amphitheātrum n (genitive amphitheātrī); second declension

amphitheātrum (canonical neuter)
amphitheātrī (genitive)
amphitheātrum (nominative singular)
amphitheātra (nominative plural)
amphitheātrī (genitive singular)
amphitheātrōrum (genitive plural)
amphitheātrō (dative singular)
amphitheātrīs (dative plural)
amphitheātrum (accusative singular)
amphitheātra (accusative plural)
amphitheātrō (ablative singular)
amphitheātrīs (ablative plural)
amphitheātrum (singular vocative)
amphitheātra (plural vocative)

Catalan: amfiteatre

English: amphitheatre

French: amphithéâtre

Romanian: amfiteatru

Galician: anfiteatro

Italian: anfiteatro

Portuguese: anfiteatro

Spanish: anfiteatro

[ämpʰɪt̪ʰeˈäːt̪rʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek ἀμφιθέᾱτρον (amphithéātron), from ἀμφί (amphí, “on both sides”) + θέᾱτρον (théātron, “theatre”).


auspex

la-noun

auspex m (genitive auspicis); third declension

auspicis (genitive)
auspex (nominative singular)
auspicēs (nominative plural)
auspicis (genitive singular)
auspicum (genitive plural)
auspicī (dative singular)
auspicibus (dative plural)
auspicem (accusative singular)
auspicēs (accusative plural)
auspice (ablative singular)
auspicibus (ablative plural)
auspex (singular vocative)
auspicēs (plural vocative)

→ Koine Greek: αὔσπιξ (aúspix)

Italian: auspice

Portuguese: áuspice

From *avi-spex (“who examines (the flight of) the birds”), equivalent to avis, avi- (“bird”) + specere, speciō (“to watch, observe”) + -s, with contraction of avi- to au- (compare auceps).
See also haruspex.


apodyterium

la-noun

apodytērium n (genitive apodytēriī or apodytērī); second declension

apodytērium (canonical neuter)
apodytēriī (genitive)
apodytērī (genitive)
apodytērium (nominative singular)
apodytēria (nominative plural)
apodytēriī (genitive singular)
apodytērī (genitive singular)
apodytēriōrum (genitive plural)
apodytēriō (dative singular)
apodytēriīs (dative plural)
apodytērium (accusative singular)
apodytēria (accusative plural)
apodytēriō (ablative singular)
apodytēriīs (ablative plural)
apodytērium (singular vocative)
apodytēria (plural vocative)

English: apodyterium

Italian: apoditerio

[äpɔd̪ʏˈt̪eːriʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek ἀποδυτήριον (apodutḗrion).


cyzicenus

la-adj

cyzicēnus (feminine cyzicēna, neuter cyzicēnum); first/second-declension adjective

cyzicēnus (canonical)
cyzicēna (feminine)
cyzicēnum (neuter)
cyzicēnus (masculine nominative singular)
cyzicēna (feminine nominative singular)
cyzicēnum (neuter nominative singular)
cyzicēnī (masculine nominative plural)
cyzicēnae (feminine nominative plural)
cyzicēna (neuter nominative plural)
cyzicēnī (genitive masculine singular)
cyzicēnae (feminine genitive singular)
cyzicēnī (genitive neuter singular)
cyzicēnōrum (genitive masculine plural)
cyzicēnārum (feminine genitive plural)
cyzicēnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
cyzicēnō (dative masculine singular)
cyzicēnae (dative feminine singular)
cyzicēnō (dative neuter singular)
cyzicēnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
cyzicēnum (accusative masculine singular)
cyzicēnam (accusative feminine singular)
cyzicēnum (accusative neuter singular)
cyzicēnōs (accusative masculine plural)
cyzicēnās (accusative feminine plural)
cyzicēna (accusative neuter plural)
cyzicēnō (ablative masculine singular)
cyzicēnā (ablative feminine singular)
cyzicēnō (ablative neuter singular)
cyzicēnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
cyzicēne (masculine singular vocative)
cyzicēna (feminine singular vocative)
cyzicēnum (neuter singular vocative)
cyzicēnī (masculine plural vocative)
cyzicēnae (feminine plural vocative)
cyzicēna (neuter plural vocative)

[kʏz̪d̪͡z̪ɪˈkeːnʊs̠]

[t͡ʃid̪ː͡z̪iˈt͡ʃɛːnus]

From Ancient Greek Κυζικηνός (Kuzikēnós).

ecus cyzicenus


sphaeristerium

la-noun

sphaeristērium n (genitive sphaeristēriī or sphaeristērī); second declension

sphaeristērium (canonical neuter)
sphaeristēriī (genitive)
sphaeristērī (genitive)
sphaeristērium (nominative singular)
sphaeristēria (nominative plural)
sphaeristēriī (genitive singular)
sphaeristērī (genitive singular)
sphaeristēriōrum (genitive plural)
sphaeristēriō (dative singular)
sphaeristēriīs (dative plural)
sphaeristērium (accusative singular)
sphaeristēria (accusative plural)
sphaeristēriō (ablative singular)
sphaeristēriīs (ablative plural)
sphaeristērium (singular vocative)
sphaeristēria (plural vocative)

[s̠pʰäe̯rɪs̠ˈt̪eːriʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek σφαιριστήριον (sphairistḗrion, “ball”).

bor

σφαιριστήριον

, Dig. XVII.I.16 Ulpianus libro trigensimo primo ad edictum
Si quis mihi mandaverit in meo aliquid facere et fecero, quaesitum est, an sit mandati actio. Et ait Celsus libro septimo digestorum hoc respondisse se, cum Aurelius Quietus hospiti suo medico mandasse diceretur, ut in hortis eius quos Ravennae habebat, in quos omnibus annis secedere solebat, sphaeristerium et hypocausta et quaedam ipsius valetudini apta sua inpensa faceret: deducto igitur, quanto sua aedificia pretiosiora fecisset, quod amplius impendisset posse eum mandati iudicio persequi.

If someone mandates me to do something in my own business and I have done it, it is to be asked if a mandate claim arises. And Celsus says in the seventh book of his digests that it is to answer that when Aurelius Quietus tells his guest who is a physician and has gardens in Ravenna where he withdraws all years to build a sphaeristerium and hypocausts and certain other things which further his fitness by his own outlay this claim can be pursued offsetting the sum by which it has added to the value of the buildings, that is the outlay that goes beyond this.

(architecture) In Classic architecture, a large open space connected with the Roman thermae, for exercise with balls after the bather had been anointed; they were also provided in the Roman villas, ballcourt, court.


caupona

la-noun

caupōna f (genitive caupōnae, masculine caupō); first declension

caupōna (canonical feminine)
caupōnae (genitive)
caupō (masculine)
caupōna (nominative singular)
caupōnae (nominative plural)
caupōnae (genitive singular)
caupōnārum (genitive plural)
caupōnae (dative singular)
caupōnīs (dative plural)
caupōnam (accusative singular)
caupōnās (accusative plural)
caupōnā (ablative singular)
caupōnīs (ablative plural)
caupōna (singular vocative)
caupōnae (plural vocative)

[käu̯ˈpɔːnä]

From caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper, shopkeeper, tavern-keeper”) + -a (feminine suffix).

af

a female shopkeeper, landlady or hostess


coniunx

la-noun

coniūnx m or f (genitive coniugis); third declension

coniūnx (canonical feminine masculine)
coniugis (genitive)
coniūnx (nominative singular)
coniugēs (nominative plural)
coniugis (genitive singular)
coniugum (genitive plural)
coniugī (dative singular)
coniugibus (dative plural)
coniugem (accusative singular)
coniugēs (accusative plural)
coniuge (ablative singular)
coniugibus (ablative plural)
coniūnx (singular vocative)
coniugēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: cònjuge

→ French: conjoint

→ Galician: cónxuxe

→ Italian: coniuge

→ Portuguese: cônjuge

→ Sicilian: còniuci

→ Spanish: cónyuge

Equivalent to coniungō + -s or coniugō + -s.

Bacche, fidem praestā nec praefer amōribus ūllam

Remain faithful, Bacchus, and neither prefer any woman to the love
of a wife, one accustomed to love her husband forever.
(Ariadne denounces her husband's infidelity.)

spouse, married partner, i.e. husband or wife


papilio

pāpiliō m (genitive pāpiliōnis); third declension

pāpiliō (canonical masculine)
pāpiliōnis (genitive)
pāpiliō (nominative singular)
pāpiliōnēs (nominative plural)
pāpiliōnis (genitive singular)
pāpiliōnum (genitive plural)
pāpiliōnī (dative singular)
pāpiliōnibus (dative plural)
pāpiliōnem (accusative singular)
pāpiliōnēs (accusative plural)
pāpiliōne (ablative singular)
pāpiliōnibus (ablative plural)
pāpiliō (singular vocative)
pāpiliōnēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: papiglione; padiglione

>? Italian: farfalla

Sicilian: parpagghiuni

Padanian:

Emilian: parpaja, parpajen

Ligurian: parpagion

Lombard: parpaja, parpaj; parpala (northwestern)

desc

Piedmontese: parpajon, parpajora, parpajola

Romagnol: parpaja, pavaja, pavajòt

Northern Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: paveillon
→ English: pavilion
French: pavillon
Portuguese: pavilhão
Spanish: pabellón

Old French: papeillon (possibly semilearned)

French: papillon

Franco-Provençal: parpelyon, papelyon

Valdôtain pavilhon

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: pavelló; papalló, papallona, papaió

desc

Occitan: parpalhon, parpalhòl, parpalhòu

Gascon: pavalh, pavalhon, parpalha, parpalh

Languedocien: parpanhòl (meridional); parpalhòt (oriental)

Borrowings

→ Esperanto: papilio

→ Ido: papiliono

→ Old Irish: pupall

Irish: puball

→ Italian: papilione

→ Norman: papillote

→ Middle Welsh: pebyll

Welsh: pabell

Probably a reduplicated form of Proto-Indo-European *pal- (“to feel, touch, shake”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *fifaldǭ (“butterfly”) (whence German Falter), Proto-Slavic *perpelъ (“quail”), Latvian paipala (“quail”), Old Mazanderani پاپلی (pāp(e)lē, “butterfly”).


captivus

la-adj

captīvus (feminine captīva, neuter captīvum); first/second-declension adjective

captīvus (canonical)
captīva (feminine)
captīvum (neuter)
captīvus (masculine nominative singular)
captīva (feminine nominative singular)
captīvum (neuter nominative singular)
captīvī (masculine nominative plural)
captīvae (feminine nominative plural)
captīva (neuter nominative plural)
captīvī (genitive masculine singular)
captīvae (feminine genitive singular)
captīvī (genitive neuter singular)
captīvōrum (genitive masculine plural)
captīvārum (feminine genitive plural)
captīvōrum (genitive neuter plural)
captīvō (dative masculine singular)
captīvae (dative feminine singular)
captīvō (dative neuter singular)
captīvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
captīvum (accusative masculine singular)
captīvam (accusative feminine singular)
captīvum (accusative neuter singular)
captīvōs (accusative masculine plural)
captīvās (accusative feminine plural)
captīva (accusative neuter plural)
captīvō (ablative masculine singular)
captīvā (ablative feminine singular)
captīvō (ablative neuter singular)
captīvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
captīve (masculine singular vocative)
captīva (feminine singular vocative)
captīvum (neuter singular vocative)
captīvī (masculine plural vocative)
captīvae (feminine plural vocative)
captīva (neuter plural vocative)

Asturian: cativu

English: captive, caitiff

French: captif, chétif

Padanian:

Emilian:

Friulian: cjâtif

Ligurian:

Piedmontese: cativ

Romansch:

Romagnol: cativ

Italian: cattivo

Old French: caitif, chaitif

Old Occitan: caitiu

Catalan: captiu

Old Galician-Portuguese: cativo

Galician: cativo

desctree

Portuguese: cativo
Papiamentu: katibu
Sranan Tongo: katibo
Aukan: katibo
Saramaccan: katibo

Romanian: captiv

Sicilian: cattivu

Spanish: cativo, captivo, cautivo

Venetan: cativo


cornicen

la-noun

cornicen m (genitive cornicinis); third declension

cornicinis (genitive)
cornicen (nominative singular)
cornicinēs (nominative plural)
cornicinis (genitive singular)
cornicinum (genitive plural)
cornicinī (dative singular)
cornicinibus (dative plural)
cornicinem (accusative singular)
cornicinēs (accusative plural)
cornicine (ablative singular)
cornicinibus (ablative plural)
cornicen (singular vocative)
cornicinēs (plural vocative)

From cornū (“bugle-horn, horn, trumpet”) + -cen (“player [of a musical instrument]”).

suf

bugler, hornblower, trumpeter, or corneter


crotalum

la-noun

crotalum n (genitive crotalī); second declension

crotalī (genitive)
crotalum (nominative singular)
crotala (nominative plural)
crotalī (genitive singular)
crotalōrum (genitive plural)
crotalō (dative singular)
crotalīs (dative plural)
crotalum (accusative singular)
crotala (accusative plural)
crotalō (ablative singular)
crotalīs (ablative plural)
crotalum (singular vocative)
crotala (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: cròtal

→ French: crotale

→ English: crotalum

→ Italian: crotalo

→ English: crotalo

→ Portuguese: crótalo

→ Spanish: crótalo

[ˈkrɔt̪äɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek κρόταλον (krótalon, “clapper, castanet, rattle”).


ensis

la-noun

ēnsis m (genitive ēnsis); third declension

ēnsis (canonical masculine)
ēnsis (genitive)
ēnsis (nominative singular)
ēnsēs (nominative plural)
ēnsis (genitive singular)
ēnsium (genitive plural)
ēnsī (dative singular)
ēnsibus (dative plural)
ēnsem (accusative singular)
ēnsēs (accusative plural)
ēnsīs (accusative plural)
ēnse (ablative singular)
ēnsibus (ablative plural)
ēnsis (singular vocative)
ēnsēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Ensis

From Proto-Italic *ensis (“sword”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ensi- (“sword, large knife”) (de Vaan, 2008).
According to de Vaan, all alleged Indo-European cognates are uncertain: Ancient Greek ἄορ (áor, “(hanger for a) sword”), Sanskrit असि (asi, “sword”), Avestan 𐬀𐬵𐬏 (ahū, “sword, knife”), Palaic 𒄩𒅆𒄿𒊏 (ḫa-ši-i-ra /hasīra/, “dagger”).

cog

...sīc fātus deinde comantem / Androgeī galeam clipeīque īnsigne decōrum / induitur, laterīque Argīuum accommodat ēnsem.

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.391–393

2007 translation by Frederick Ahl
… This said, he donned Androgeos' helmet, / Crested with plumes, then he strapped on his shield, quite superbly emblazoned, / Fitted an Argive sword at his hip, readjusting the buckle.

At nōn Actoridēn Erytum, cui lāta bipennis / tēlum erat, hāmātō Perseus petit ēnse...

Yet does not Perseus attack Erytus, son of Actor, for whom a broad double-sided battle-axe was his weapon, with his hooked sword...

Ōrīōn. Hunc ā zōnā et reliquō corpore aequinoctiālis circulus dīuidit, cum Taurō dēcertantem collocātum, dextrā manū clāuam tenentem et incīnctum ēnse spectantem ad occāsum, et occidentem exortā Scorpiōnis posteriōre parte et Sagittāriō exoriente, cum Cancrō autem tōtō corpore pariter exsurgentem. Hic habet in capite stēllās III clārās, in utrīsque humerīs singulās, in dextrō cubitō obscūram I, in manū similem I, in zōnā III, in eō quō gladius eius dēfōrmātur III obscūrās, in utrīsque genibus singulās clārās, in pedibus singulās. Omnīnō XVII.

c. 150 CE – 200 CE, Hyginus, De Astronomia 3.33

Orion. His belt and the rest of his body are separated [from the upper part of him] by the equator. He is placed as though in confrontation with the Bull, holding a club in his right hand, and with a sword at his waist; he is looking toward the west. He sets at the rising of the hind part of the Scorpion, and rises with his whole body at the same time as the Crab. He has three bright stars on his head, one star on each shoulder, a faint star on his right elbow, a similar star on his hand, three stars on his belt, three faint ones where his sword is depicted, one bright one on each knee, and one each at his feet. In all, seventeen.


funus

la-noun

fūnus n (genitive fūneris); third declension

fūnus (canonical neuter)
fūneris (genitive)
fūnus (nominative singular)
fūnera (nominative plural)
fūneris (genitive singular)
fūnerum (genitive plural)
fūnerī (dative singular)
fūneribus (dative plural)
fūnus (accusative singular)
fūnera (accusative plural)
fūnere (ablative singular)
fūneribus (ablative plural)
fūnus (singular vocative)
fūnera (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *fūnos, possibly from earlier *θūnos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰu-Hnós, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to die”), which would make it a cognate with English death.


frons

frōns f (genitive frontis); third declension

frōns (canonical feminine)
frontis (genitive)
frōns (nominative singular)
frontēs (nominative plural)
frontis (genitive singular)
frontium (genitive plural)
frontī (dative singular)
frontibus (dative plural)
frontem (accusative singular)
frontēs (accusative plural)
frontīs (accusative plural)
fronte (ablative singular)
frontibus (ablative plural)
frōns (singular vocative)
frontēs (plural vocative)

Dalmatian: fruant

Eastern Romance:

desc

Aromanian: frãmti f, frãmte, frumti, frumte, frunti, frunte

Romanian: frunte f

Italian: fronte f

desctree

Old French: front m
French: front m (see there for further descendants)
Norman: front m
→ Dutch: front
→ Middle English: frount, ffront, ffrount, front, fronte, frounte, frountte, frownt, frownte, frunt, frunte
English: front (see there for further descendants)
Scots: front

Old Leonese:

Asturian: frente f

Old Occitan: front

Catalan: front m

Occitan: frònt m

Old Galician-Portuguese: fronte

Galician: fronte f

Portuguese: fronte f

Old Spanish: fruente f

Ladino:

Hebrew script: פ׳רינטי

Latin script: frente

Spanish: frente f (see there for further descendants)

Romagnol: frònta

Sicilian: frunti f

→ English: frons

→ Friulian: front

→ Romansch: frunt, frùnt, front

→ Sardinian: fronte, fronti, frunte

→ Spanish: frontis

→ Venetan: front

From Proto-Italic *fronts, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrónts (compare Irish braine (“prow, edge”), Old Norse brandr (“sword blade”)), from *bʰren- (“to project; edge”).

(military) the front of an army or fleet in battle array


daps

la-noun

daps f (genitive dapis); third declension

dapis (genitive)
daps (nominative singular)
dapēs (nominative plural)
dapis (genitive singular)
dapum (genitive plural)
dapī (dative singular)
dapibus (dative plural)
dapem (accusative singular)
dapēs (accusative plural)
dape (ablative singular)
dapibus (ablative plural)
daps (singular vocative)
dapēs (plural vocative)

Italian: dape

Portuguese: cardápio

From Proto-Italic *daps, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂ps (“portion, sacrificial meal”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek δαπάνη (dapánē, “expenditure”), δάπτω (dáptō, “I devour”), Old Armenian տաւն (tawn, “feast”), Old Norse tafn (“sacrifice”). Akin to damnum (“loss, expense”).

cog

A sacrificial or solemn feast, religious banquet.


monarchia

la-noun

monarchia f (genitive monarchiae); first declension

monarchiae (genitive)
monarchia (nominative singular)
monarchiae (nominative plural)
monarchiae (genitive singular)
monarchiārum (genitive plural)
monarchiae (dative singular)
monarchiīs (dative plural)
monarchiam (accusative singular)
monarchiās (accusative plural)
monarchiā (ablative singular)
monarchiīs (ablative plural)
monarchia (singular vocative)
monarchiae (plural vocative)

Asturian: monarquía

Catalan: monarquia

Old French: monarchie

French: monarchie

English: monarchy

Italian: monarchia

Portuguese: monarquia

Romanian: monarhie

Spanish: monarquía

From Ancient Greek μοναρχία (monarkhía).

In this way the Trinity, proceeding by intermingled and connected degrees from the Father, in no respect challenges the monarchy, while it conserves the quality of the economy.

c. 160 CE – c. 225 CE, Tertullian, ADVERSUS PRAXEAN VIII

(Late Latin, Christianity) the unity of God.


grammaticus

la-adj

grammaticus (feminine grammatica, neuter grammaticum); first/second-declension adjective

grammatica (feminine)
grammaticum (neuter)
grammaticus (masculine nominative singular)
grammatica (feminine nominative singular)
grammaticum (neuter nominative singular)
grammaticī (masculine nominative plural)
grammaticae (feminine nominative plural)
grammatica (neuter nominative plural)
grammaticī (genitive masculine singular)
grammaticae (feminine genitive singular)
grammaticī (genitive neuter singular)
grammaticōrum (genitive masculine plural)
grammaticārum (feminine genitive plural)
grammaticōrum (genitive neuter plural)
grammaticō (dative masculine singular)
grammaticae (dative feminine singular)
grammaticō (dative neuter singular)
grammaticīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
grammaticum (accusative masculine singular)
grammaticam (accusative feminine singular)
grammaticum (accusative neuter singular)
grammaticōs (accusative masculine plural)
grammaticās (accusative feminine plural)
grammatica (accusative neuter plural)
grammaticō (ablative masculine singular)
grammaticā (ablative feminine singular)
grammaticō (ablative neuter singular)
grammaticīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
grammatice (masculine singular vocative)
grammatica (feminine singular vocative)
grammaticum (neuter singular vocative)
grammaticī (masculine plural vocative)
grammaticae (feminine plural vocative)
grammatica (neuter plural vocative)

[ɡrämˈmät̪ɪkʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γραμματικός (grammatikós).

of or pertaining to the study of language, of literature and grammar; linguistic, philological, grammatical


grammaticus

la-noun

grammaticus m (genitive grammaticī); second declension

grammaticī (genitive)
grammaticus (nominative singular)
grammaticī (nominative plural)
grammaticī (genitive singular)
grammaticōrum (genitive plural)
grammaticō (dative singular)
grammaticīs (dative plural)
grammaticum (accusative singular)
grammaticōs (accusative plural)
grammaticō (ablative singular)
grammaticīs (ablative plural)
grammatice (singular vocative)
grammaticī (plural vocative)

Emilian: grammadgh

Ligurian: gramaigo (obsolete)

Old French: gramaire, gramare

→ Old Occitan: gramaire

Old Occitan: gramadi, gramavi

Romansch: garmadi

Old Spanish: gramatgo

Venetan: gramego (obsolete)

→ Catalan: gramàtic

→ Dutch: grammaticus

[ɡrämˈmät̪ɪkʊs̠]

a grammar school or secondary school teacher of grammar (originally Latin or Greek)


vigilia

vigilia f (genitive vigiliae); first declension

vigiliae (genitive)
vigilia (nominative singular)
vigiliae (nominative plural)
vigiliae (genitive singular)
vigiliārum (genitive plural)
vigiliae (dative singular)
vigiliīs (dative plural)
vigiliam (accusative singular)
vigiliās (accusative plural)
vigiliā (ablative singular)
vigiliīs (ablative plural)
vigilia (singular vocative)
vigiliae (plural vocative)

Bourguignon: voille

→ Basque: begira

Catalan: vigília

→ English: vigil

French: veille

Galician: vixilia

Italian: veglia

→ Old Irish: féil

Irish: féile

Manx: feaill

Scottish Gaelic: fèill

Portuguese: vigília

Sicilian: vigghia

Spanish: vigilia

Walloon: woeye

→ Welsh: gŵyl

[u̯ɪˈɡɪlʲiä]

Ubi per exploratores Caesar certior factus est tres iam partes copiarum Helvetios id flumen traduxisse, quartam vero partem citra flumen Ararim reliquam esse, de tertia vigilia cum legionibus tribus e castris profectus ad eam partem pervenit quae nondum flumen transierat.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.12

When Caesar was made certain that the Helvetii had already conveyed three parts of their army across the river, that a fourth part was still on the other side of the Saone, he broke camp during the third watch (loosely between 12 p.m. and 3 a.m.) to join the same host that had yet to cross the streams.

(military, with prīma, secunda, tertia, quārta) a section of night-time, itself divided into four season-dependent vigiliae (the longer the night, the longer the vigilia)


novellae

(law) New laws promulgated after the Justinian Code.


Pasiphae

la-proper noun

Pāsiphaē f sg (genitive Pāsiphaēs); first declension

Pāsiphaē (canonical feminine singular)
Pāsiphaēs (genitive)
Pāsiphaē (nominative singular)
Pāsiphaēs (genitive singular)
Pāsiphaae (dative singular)
Pāsiphaēn (accusative singular)
Pāsiphaē (ablative singular)
Pāsiphaē (singular vocative)

→ English: Pasiphae

Italian: Pasifae, Pasife

[päːˈs̠ɪpʰäeː]

From Ancient Greek Πασιφάη (Pasipháē), derived from πᾶσι (pâsi, “to all”) + φάος (pháos, “light”).


asma

la-noun

āsma n (genitive āsmatis); third declension

āsma (canonical neuter)
āsmatis (genitive)
āsma (nominative singular)
āsmata (nominative plural)
āsmatis (genitive singular)
āsmatum (genitive plural)
āsmatī (dative singular)
āsmatibus (dative plural)
āsma (accusative singular)
āsmata (accusative plural)
āsmate (ablative singular)
āsmatibus (ablative plural)
āsma (singular vocative)
āsmata (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ᾆσμα (âisma, “lyric song”).


capito

la-noun

capitō m (genitive capitōnis); third declension

capitō (canonical masculine)
capitōnis (genitive)
capitō (nominative singular)
capitōnēs (nominative plural)
capitōnis (genitive singular)
capitōnum (genitive plural)
capitōnī (dative singular)
capitōnibus (dative plural)
capitōnem (accusative singular)
capitōnēs (accusative plural)
capitōne (ablative singular)
capitōnibus (ablative plural)
capitō (singular vocative)
capitōnēs (plural vocative)

Italian: capitone, cavedano, cavedine

From the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (suffix forming related nouns)

suffix

(Medieval Latin) a kind of silver coinage under Louis XII of France


balneum

la-noun

balneum, balneae n sg (variously declined, genitive balneī, balneārum); second declension, first declension

balneum (canonical)
balneae (canonical neuter singular)
balneī (genitive)
balneārum (genitive)
balneum (nominative singular)
balneae (nominative plural)
balneī (genitive singular)
balneārum (genitive plural)
balneō (dative singular)
balneīs (dative plural)
balneum (accusative singular)
balneās (accusative plural)
balneō (ablative singular)
balneīs (ablative plural)
balneum (singular vocative)
balneae (plural vocative)
Second-declension noun (neuter)
first-declension noun.
balneum (nominative singular)
balnea (nominative plural)
balneī (genitive singular)
balneōrum (genitive plural)
balneō (dative singular)
balneīs (dative plural)
balneum (accusative singular)
balnea (accusative plural)
balneō (ablative singular)
balneīs (ablative plural)
balneum (singular vocative)
balnea (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: bagnu

Italian: bagno (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: vagnu

Padanian:

Friulian: bagn

Lombard: bagne

Romansch: bogn

Venetan: bagno

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: bany

Occitan: banh

Old French: bain

French: bain

Walloon: bagn

→ Middle English: bain

English: bain

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: bañu

Old Galician-Portuguese: banno

Galician: baño

Portuguese: banho

desctree

Old Spanish: banno
Ladino: banyo
Spanish: baño

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: banjë

→ Proto-Slavic: *baňa (see there for further descendants)

[ˈbäɫ̪neʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek βαλανεῖον (balaneîon), apparently borrowed early enough for unstressed reduction of the second /a/ to /ĭ/ and then syncope.

[…] discus crepuit, id est pater meus in balneum transisse nuntiatus est.

, Another Letter from Young M. Aurelius to Fronto, quoted in 1879 by Cruttwell and Banton (editors) in Specimens of Roman Literature: Passages Illustrative of Roman Thought and Style, section 188, page 599

The gong rang, it is announced that my father is going to the bath.


sacrificium

la-noun

sacrificium n (genitive sacrificiī or sacrificī); second declension

sacrificiī (genitive)
sacrificī (genitive)
sacrificium (nominative singular)
sacrificia (nominative plural)
sacrificiī (genitive singular)
sacrificī (genitive singular)
sacrificiōrum (genitive plural)
sacrificiō (dative singular)
sacrificiīs (dative plural)
sacrificium (accusative singular)
sacrificia (accusative plural)
sacrificiō (ablative singular)
sacrificiīs (ablative plural)
sacrificium (singular vocative)
sacrificia (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: sacrifici

→ Old French: sacrifice

Middle French: sacrifice

French: sacrifice

→ Middle English: sacrifice, sacrifise

English: sacrifice

→ Italian: sacrificio

→ Piedmontese: sacrifissi

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: sacrifiçio

Galician: sacrificio

Portuguese: sacrifício

→ Romanian: sacrificiu

→ Old Spanish: sacrificio

Spanish: sacrificio

[s̠äkrɪˈfɪkiʊ̃ˑ]

Deverbal noun from sacrum (“religious act, rite, sacrifice”) + faciō (“do, make”) + -ium (noun-forming suffix). Related to sacrificō (“to sacrifice”) and sacrificus (“sacrificial”).

af

Something made sacred or given to a deity, sacrifice.


sacer

la-adj

sacer (feminine sacra, neuter sacrum, superlative sacerrimus); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

sacra (feminine)
sacrum (neuter)
sacerrimus (superlative)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
sacer (masculine nominative singular)
sacra (feminine nominative singular)
sacrum (neuter nominative singular)
sacrī (masculine nominative plural)
sacrae (feminine nominative plural)
sacra (neuter nominative plural)
sacrī (genitive masculine singular)
sacrae (feminine genitive singular)
sacrī (genitive neuter singular)
sacrōrum (genitive masculine plural)
sacrārum (feminine genitive plural)
sacrōrum (genitive neuter plural)
sacrō (dative masculine singular)
sacrae (dative feminine singular)
sacrō (dative neuter singular)
sacrīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sacrum (accusative masculine singular)
sacram (accusative feminine singular)
sacrum (accusative neuter singular)
sacrōs (accusative masculine plural)
sacrās (accusative feminine plural)
sacra (accusative neuter plural)
sacrō (ablative masculine singular)
sacrā (ablative feminine singular)
sacrō (ablative neuter singular)
sacrīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sacer (masculine singular vocative)
sacra (feminine singular vocative)
sacrum (neuter singular vocative)
sacrī (masculine plural vocative)
sacrae (feminine plural vocative)
sacra (neuter plural vocative)

Galician: sagro

Italian: sacro, sagro

→ Romanian: sacru

Sicilian: sagru, sacru
→ Maltese: sagru

→ Asturian: sacru

→ Catalan: sacre

→ Galician: sacro

→ Portuguese: sacro

→ Romanian: sacru

→ Spanish: sacro

From Old Latin sacros, sakros, from Proto-Italic *sakros (“sacred”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“to sanctify, to make a treaty”).

der

at ego te sacram coronam surrupuisse Iovi scio

And I know that you stole the sacred crown of Jupiter.

sacred, holy, dedicated (to a divinity), consecrated, hallowed (translating Greek ἱερός)

quid non mortalia pectora cogis / auri sacra fames

Accursed hunger for gold, what do you not compel the hearts of men to do!

devoted (to a divinity for sacrifice), fated (to destruction), forfeited, accursed

extulit os sacrum caelo tenebrasque resoluit

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid VIII.591

lifts to the skies his countenance divine, and melts the shadows of the night away.

Tres sunt autem linguae sacrae: Hebraea, Graeca, Latina, quae toto orbe maxime excellunt.

early 7th c. CE, Isidore of Seville, Etymologiae sive Origines 9.1

Three are the sacred languages: Hebrew, Greek and Latin, all of which distinguish themselves in the whole world.


sacer

la-adj

sācer (feminine sācris, neuter sācre); third-declension three-termination adjective

sācer (canonical)
sācris (feminine)
sācre (neuter)
sācer (masculine nominative singular)
sācris (feminine nominative singular)
sācre (neuter nominative singular)
sācrēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
sācria (neuter nominative plural)
sācris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
sācrium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
sācrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
sācribus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sācrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
sācre (accusative neuter singular)
sācrēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
sācria (accusative neuter plural)
sācrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
sācribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sācer (masculine singular vocative)
sācris (feminine singular vocative)
sācre (neuter singular vocative)
sācrēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
sācria (neuter plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *sākris (“sacrificial, sacred”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“to sanctify, to make a treaty”).

inh

responde mihi / adulescens: quibus hic pretiis porci veneunt / sacres sinceri?

sunt domi agni et porci sacres.

sacred, holy, suitable to be sacrificed (found especially as an adjective applying to the noun porcus)


sacramentum

la-noun

sacrāmentum n (genitive sacrāmentī); second declension

sacrāmentum (canonical neuter)
sacrāmentī (genitive)
sacrāmentum (nominative singular)
sacrāmenta (nominative plural)
sacrāmentī (genitive singular)
sacrāmentōrum (genitive plural)
sacrāmentō (dative singular)
sacrāmentīs (dative plural)
sacrāmentum (accusative singular)
sacrāmenta (accusative plural)
sacrāmentō (ablative singular)
sacrāmentīs (ablative plural)
sacrāmentum (singular vocative)
sacrāmenta (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance;

Old Italian: sacramento

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Old Lombard: sagramento

Piedmontese: sarament

Romansch: saramaint, sarament

Gallo-Romance:

Old Francoprovençal: sariment

Old French: sagrament (early Old French), sairement, serment

French: serment

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: sagrament

Occitan: sagrament

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: sagramento

Old Spanish: sagramiento

Borrowings:

→ Asturian: sacramentu

→ Dutch: sacrament

→ English: sacrament

→ French: sacrement

→ Norwegian: sakrament

→ Polish: sakrament

→ Portuguese: sacramento

→ Romanian: sacrament

→ Spanish: sacramento

[s̠äkräːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From sacrō (“consecrate, dedicate, devote”) + -mentum, from sacer (“sacred, holy”) + -mentum.

af

A sum of money deposited in pledge by two individuals involved in a suit. The money of the loser in the suit was used for religious purposes.


princeps

la-adj

prī̆nceps (genitive prī̆ncipis); third-declension one-termination adjective

prī̆nceps (canonical)
prī̆ncipis (genitive)
prī̆nceps (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
prī̆ncipēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
prī̆ncipia (neuter nominative plural)
prī̆ncipis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
prī̆ncipium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
prī̆ncipī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
prī̆ncipibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
prī̆ncipem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
prī̆nceps (accusative neuter singular)
prī̆ncipēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
prī̆ncipia (accusative neuter plural)
prī̆ncipē (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
prī̆ncipibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
prī̆nceps (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
prī̆ncipēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
prī̆ncipia (neuter plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *priisemokaps by syncope. By surface analysis, prīmus (“first”) + -ceps (“catcher”). Compare Old English fruma (“chief, prince, ruler”).

prī̆nceps cīvitātis

first citizen; a title of the Roman Emperors, beginning with Caesar Augustus

prī̆nceps senātūs

first among senators; a title of the leader of the Roman Senate, ending with the Roman Empire


princeps

la-noun

prī̆nceps m or f (genitive prī̆ncipis); third declension

prī̆nceps (canonical feminine masculine)
prī̆ncipis (genitive)
prī̆nceps (nominative singular)
prī̆ncipēs (nominative plural)
prī̆ncipis (genitive singular)
prī̆ncipum (genitive plural)
prī̆ncipī (dative singular)
prī̆ncipibus (dative plural)
prī̆ncipem (accusative singular)
prī̆ncipēs (accusative plural)
prī̆ncipe (ablative singular)
prī̆ncipibus (ablative plural)
prī̆nceps (singular vocative)
prī̆ncipēs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: pringj

→ Ancient Greek: πρῖγκιψ (prînkips)

Byzantine Greek: πρῖγκιψ (prînkips)

→ Greek: πρίγκιπας (prígkipas)

→ Basque: printze

Catalan: príncep

desctree

French: prince
→ English: prince, princess
→ Manx: prinse
→ Japanese: プリンス (purinsu), プリンセス (purinsesu)
→ Dutch: prins, prinses
→ Danish: prins, prinsesse
→ Swedish: prins, prinsessa
→ Finnish: prinssi, prinsessa
→ German: Prinz, Prinzessin
→ Russian: принц (princ), принцесса (princessa)
→ Serbo-Croatian: princ
→ Esperanto: princo
→ Icelandic: prins
→ Faroese: prinsur
→ Irish: prionsa
→ Luxembourgish: Prënz
→ Ottoman Turkish: پرَنْس (prens)
Turkish: prens
→ Persian: پرَنس (perans)
→ Romanian: prinț, prințesă
→ Latvian: princis, princese

Italian: principe

Old Occitan: prince

→ Portuguese: príncipe

Sicilian: prìncipi

→ Spanish: príncipe
→ Cebuano: prinsipe
→ Tagalog: prinsipe

→ German: Fürst (calque)
→ Danish: fyrste
→ Estonian: vürst
→ Icelandic: fursti
→ Latvian: firsts
→ Swedish: furste

→ Dutch: vorst (calque)

→ English: princeps

(military, in the plural) company or division of the second line of soldiers


dica

la-noun

dica f (genitive dicae); first declension

dicae (genitive)
dica (nominative singular)
dicae (nominative plural)
dicae (genitive singular)
dicārum (genitive plural)
dicae (dative singular)
dicīs (dative plural)
dicam (accusative singular)
dicās (accusative plural)
dicā (ablative singular)
dicīs (ablative plural)
dica (singular vocative)
dicae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ́κη (díkē, “custom; order; judgement”).


Tantalus

la-proper noun

Tantalus m sg (genitive Tantalī); second declension

Tantalī (genitive)
Tantalus (nominative singular)
Tantalī (genitive singular)
Tantalō (dative singular)
Tantalum (accusative singular)
Tantalō (ablative singular)
Tantale (singular vocative)

[ˈt̪än̪t̪äɫ̪ʊs̠]


genetivus

la-noun

genetīvus m (genitive genetīvī); second declension

genetīvus (canonical masculine)
genetīvī (genitive)
genetīvus (nominative singular)
genetīvī (nominative plural)
genetīvī (genitive singular)
genetīvōrum (genitive plural)
genetīvō (dative singular)
genetīvīs (dative plural)
genetīvum (accusative singular)
genetīvōs (accusative plural)
genetīvō (ablative singular)
genetīvīs (ablative plural)
genetīve (singular vocative)
genetīvī (plural vocative)

→ Finnish: genetiivi

→ Dutch: genitivus, (calque) teler, baarder

[ɡɛnɛˈt̪iːu̯ʊs̠]

From genitus, the perfect passive participial stem of gignō (“to be born”), + -īvus (verbal adjective–forming suffix), with the vowel i changed to e. In the grammatical sense, possibly a calque of Ancient Greek γενῐκή (genikḗ).


verutum

verūtum n (genitive verūtī); second declension

verūtum (canonical neuter)
verūtī (genitive)
verūtum (nominative singular)
verūta (nominative plural)
verūtī (genitive singular)
verūtōrum (genitive plural)
verūtō (dative singular)
verūtīs (dative plural)
verūtum (accusative singular)
verūta (accusative plural)
verūtō (ablative singular)
verūtīs (ablative plural)
verūtum (singular vocative)
verūta (plural vocative)

[u̯ɛˈruːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

A light javelin used primarily by the Vēlitēs.


balteus

balteus m (genitive balteī); second declension

balteī (genitive)
balteus (nominative singular)
balteī (nominative plural)
balteī (genitive singular)
balteōrum (genitive plural)
balteō (dative singular)
balteīs (dative plural)
balteum (accusative singular)
balteōs (accusative plural)
balteō (ablative singular)
balteīs (ablative plural)
baltee (singular vocative)
balteī (plural vocative)

Aromanian: baltsu

Italian: balzo

Old Occitan:

Catalan: balç

Occitan: baus

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Portuguese: balção, balso

Romanian: balț

→ Proto-Germanic: *baltijaz (see there for further descendants)

English: belt

→ Italian: balteo

→ Portuguese: bálteo

→ Spanish: bálteo

[ˈbäɫ̪t̪eʊs̠]

Possibly borrowed from Etruscan 𐌁𐌀𐌋𐌕𐌄𐌀 (baltea, “belt”).

(architecture) Synonym of praecinctio (curved walkway that separates the galleries of a Roman theatre)


felix culpa

fēlīx culpa f (genitive fēlīcis culpae); first declension

fēlīx culpa (canonical feminine)
fēlīcis culpae (genitive)
fēlīx culpa (nominative singular)
fēlīcēs culpae (nominative plural)
fēlīcis culpae (genitive singular)
fēlīcium culpārum (genitive plural)
fēlīcī culpae (dative singular)
fēlīcibus culpīs (dative plural)
fēlīcem culpam (accusative singular)
fēlīcēs culpās (accusative plural)
fēlīcī culpā (ablative singular)
fēlīcibus culpīs (ablative plural)
fēlīx culpa (singular vocative)
fēlīcēs culpae (plural vocative)

[ˈfeːlʲiːks̠ ˈkʊɫ̪pä]

From fēlīx (“happy”) + culpa (“fault, blame”).

1265-1274. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, III, 1, 3, ad 3,
O felix culpa!

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

O felix culpa quae talem et tantum meruit habere redemptorem. ("O happy fault that earned us so good and great a Redeemer.")

, Traditional Latin Mass, and Exsultet of the Easter Vigil masses

(religion) blessed fault, fortunate fall, used in reference to the Fall of Man.


lancea

lancea f (genitive lanceae); first declension

lanceae (genitive)
lancea (nominative singular)
lanceae (nominative plural)
lanceae (genitive singular)
lanceārum (genitive plural)
lanceae (dative singular)
lanceīs (dative plural)
lanceam (accusative singular)
lanceās (accusative plural)
lanceā (ablative singular)
lanceīs (ablative plural)
lancea (singular vocative)
lanceae (plural vocative)

Ancient Greek: λαγκία (lankía)

Asturian: llanza, llancia

Catalan: llança

Danish: lanse

Dutch: lans

English: lance

Esperanto: lanco

Faroese: lansi

desctree

Old French: lance
Franc-Comtois: laince
Middle French: lance
French: lance
→ Middle English: launce
English: lance
→ Middle High German: lanze
German: Lanze

Friulian: lance

Galician: lanza

German: Lanze

Hungarian: lándzsa

Ido: lanco

Italian: lancia

Mirandese: lhança

Occitan: lança

Portuguese: lança

Romanian: lance

Sardinian: lantza

Sicilian: lanza

Spanish: lanza

Swedish: lans

Venetan: lansa

[ˈlän̠ʲt͡ʃeä]

Ultimately from Celtic or Celtiberian, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k- (“to hit”). Compare with Ancient Greek λόγχη (lónkhē). See also plācō, plāgō, plangō and plēctō.

The Roman auxiliaries' short javelin; a light spear or lance.


classis

la-noun

classis f (genitive classis); third declension

classis (genitive)
classis (nominative singular)
classēs (nominative plural)
classis (genitive singular)
classium (genitive plural)
classī (dative singular)
classibus (dative plural)
classem (accusative singular)
classēs (accusative plural)
classīs (accusative plural)
classe (ablative singular)
classī (ablative singular)
classibus (ablative plural)
classis (singular vocative)
classēs (plural vocative)

→ Asturian: clas, clase

→ Bulgarian: класа (klasa)

→ Catalan: classe

→ Czech: klasa (archaic)

→ Danish: klasse

→ Dutch: classis
→ Indonesian: klasis

→ English: classis

→ Galician: clase

→ German: Classis (biology)

→ Italian: classe

desc

→ Macedonian: клас (klas), класа (klasa)

→ Middle French: classe

French: classe (see there for further descendants)

→ English: class (see there for further descendants)

→ Norman: clâsse

→ Norwegian: klasse

→ Old Irish:

Irish: clas

Scottish Gaelic: clas

→ Portuguese: classe

→ Proto-Brythonic: *klas

Breton: klas

Middle Welsh: clas

Welsh: clas
→ English: clas

→ Romanian: clasă

→ Spanish: clase

→ Swedish: klass

→ Ukrainian: клас (klas)

→ Venetan: clase

→ Yiddish: קלאַס (klas)

[ˈkɫ̪äs̠ːɪs̠]

From Proto-Italic *klāssis, from Proto-Indo-European *klh₁-d⁽ʰ⁾-ti- (“a call”), from *kelh₁- (“to call, shout”). Cognate with Latin calō, clāmō, clārus, concilium, Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō).


salutare

la-noun

salūtāre n (genitive salūtāris); third declension

salūtāre (canonical neuter)
salūtāris (genitive)
salūtāre (nominative singular)
salūtāria (nominative plural)
salūtāris (genitive singular)
salūtārium (genitive plural)
salūtārī (dative singular)
salūtāribus (dative plural)
salūtāre (accusative singular)
salūtāria (accusative plural)
salūtārī (ablative singular)
salūtāribus (ablative plural)
salūtāre (singular vocative)
salūtāria (plural vocative)

[s̠äɫ̪uːˈt̪äːrɛ]

Exspectabam salutare tuum, Domine, et mandata tua dilexi...Concupivi salutare tuum, Domine, et lex tua meditatio mea est.

I looked to thy salvation, O Lord: and I loved thy commandments...I have longed for thy salvation, O Lord; and thy law is my meditation.

Notum ergo sit vobis, quoniam gentibus missum est hoc salutare Dei, et ipsi audient.

Be it known therefore to you, that this salvation of God is sent to the Gentiles, and they will hear it.

Incrassatus est dilectus, et recalcitravit : incrassatus, impinguatus, dilatatus, dereliquit Deum factorem suum, et recessit a Deo salutari suo.

The beloved grew fat, and kicked: he grew fat, and thick and gross, he forsook God who made him, and departed from God his saviour.
(English translations from Douay-Rheims Bible, Challoner rev.)

(biblical, Late Latin) salvation, saviour, deliverance


harpa

harpa f (genitive harpae); first declension

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: harpe
Middle French: harpe
French: harpe
→ Romanian: harpă
Norman: harpe (Jersiais)
Picard: hârpe (Athois)
Walloon: ârpe (Forrières)

Old Occitan: arpa

Catalan: arpa

Occitan: urpa (Aranese), arpa

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: arpa

Old Galician-Portuguese: arpa

Portuguese: harpa

Galician: arpa

Spanish: arpa

Italo-Romance

Italian: arpa

→ Sardinian: arpa

Borrowed from Frankish *harpā. First attested in Fortunatus, 7th c. (plaudat tibi barbarus harpa).


puerperium

la-noun

puerperium n (genitive puerperiī or puerperī); second declension

puerperiī (genitive)
puerperī (genitive)
puerperium (nominative singular)
puerperia (nominative plural)
puerperiī (genitive singular)
puerperī (genitive singular)
puerperiōrum (genitive plural)
puerperiō (dative singular)
puerperiīs (dative plural)
puerperium (accusative singular)
puerperia (accusative plural)
puerperiō (ablative singular)
puerperiīs (ablative plural)
puerperium (singular vocative)
puerperia (plural vocative)

→ Italian: puerperio

→ English: puerperium

From puerpera (“woman in labor or childbed”) + -ium (nominal suffix).

af

puerperiō cubāre

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia

childbirth, delivery, childbed, confinement, lying-in


ius civile

la-noun

iūs cīvīle n sg (genitive iūris cīvīlis); third declension

iūs cīvīle (canonical neuter singular)
iūris cīvīlis (genitive)
iūs cīvīle (nominative singular)
iūris cīvīlis (genitive singular)
iūrī cīvīlī (dative singular)
iūs cīvīle (accusative singular)
iūre cīvīlī (ablative singular)
iūs cīvīle (singular vocative)

(law) the legal code of ancient Rome; the basis of many modern systems of civil law