multo

la-verb

multō (present infinitive multāre, perfect active multāvī, supine multātum); first conjugation

multō (canonical)
multāre (infinitive present)
multāvī (active perfect)
multātum (supine)
multō (active first-person indicative present singular)
multās (active indicative present second-person singular)
multat (active indicative present singular third-person)
multāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
multātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
multant (active indicative plural present third-person)
multābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
multābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
multābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
multābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
multābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
multābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
multābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
multābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
multābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
multābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
multābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
multābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
multāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
multāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
multāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
multāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
multāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
multāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
multāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
multāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
multāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
multāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
multāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
multāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
multāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
multāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
multāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
multāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
multāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
multāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
multāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
multor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
multāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
multāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
multātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
multāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
multāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
multantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
multābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
multābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
multābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
multābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
multābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
multābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
multābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
multābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
multāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
multābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
multābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
multābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
multābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
multābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
multem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
multēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
multet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
multēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
multētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
multent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
multārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
multārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
multāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
multārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
multārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
multārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
multāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
multāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
multāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
multāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
multāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
multāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
multāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
multāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
multāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
multāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
multāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
multāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
multer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
multēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
multēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
multētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
multēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
multēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
multentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
multārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
multārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
multārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
multārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
multārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
multārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
multārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
multā (active imperative present second-person singular)
multāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
multātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
multātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
multātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
multantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
multāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
multāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
multātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
multātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
multantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
multāre (active infinitive present)
multāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
multātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
multārī (infinitive passive present)
multātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
multātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
multāns (active participle present)
multātūrus (active future participle)
multātus (participle passive perfect)
multandus (future participle passive)
multandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
multandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
multandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
multandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
multātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
multātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Italian: multare

Portuguese: multar

Sicilian: murtari

Spanish: multar


ovile

la-noun

ovīle n (genitive ovīlis); third declension

ovīle (canonical neuter)
ovīlis (genitive)
ovīle (nominative singular)
ovīlia (nominative plural)
ovīlis (genitive singular)
ovīlium (genitive plural)
ovīlī (dative singular)
ovīlibus (dative plural)
ovīle (accusative singular)
ovīlia (accusative plural)
ovīlī (ablative singular)
ovīlibus (ablative plural)
ovīle (singular vocative)
ovīlia (plural vocative)

Spanish: ovil

Italian: ovile


parricida

parricīda m or f (genitive parricīdae); first declension

parricīda (canonical feminine masculine)
parricīdae (genitive)
parricīda (nominative singular)
parricīdae (nominative plural)
parricīdae (genitive singular)
parricīdārum (genitive plural)
parricīdae (dative singular)
parricīdīs (dative plural)
parricīdam (accusative singular)
parricīdās (accusative plural)
parricīdā (ablative singular)
parricīdīs (ablative plural)
parricīda (singular vocative)
parricīdae (plural vocative)

Catalan: parricida

Middle French: parricide

→ English: parricide

French: parricide

Portuguese: parricida

[pärːɪˈkiːd̪ä]

[pärːiˈt͡ʃiːd̪ä]


commentarius

commentārius m (genitive commentāriī or commentārī); second declension

commentārius (canonical masculine)
commentāriī (genitive)
commentārī (genitive)
commentārius (nominative singular)
commentāriī (nominative plural)
commentāriī (genitive singular)
commentārī (genitive singular)
commentāriōrum (genitive plural)
commentāriō (dative singular)
commentāriīs (dative plural)
commentārium (accusative singular)
commentāriōs (accusative plural)
commentāriō (ablative singular)
commentāriīs (ablative plural)
commentārie (singular vocative)
commentāriī (plural vocative)

Catalan: comentari

English: commentary

French: commentaire

Galician: comentario

→ German: Kommentar (see there for further descendants)

Portuguese: comentário

Romanian: comentariu

Spanish: comentario

[kɔmːɛn̪ˈt̪äːriʊs̠]


parmula

parmula f (genitive parmulae); first declension

parmulae (genitive)
parmula (nominative singular)
parmulae (nominative plural)
parmulae (genitive singular)
parmulārum (genitive plural)
parmulae (dative singular)
parmulīs (dative plural)
parmulam (accusative singular)
parmulās (accusative plural)
parmulā (ablative singular)
parmulīs (ablative plural)
parmula (singular vocative)
parmulae (plural vocative)


communis

la-adj

commūnis (neuter commūne, comparative commūnior, adverb commūniter); third-declension two-termination adjective

commūnis (canonical)
commūne (neuter)
commūnior (comparative)
commūniter (adverb)
commūnis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
commūne (neuter nominative singular)
commūnēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
commūnia (neuter nominative plural)
commūnis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
commūnium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
commūnī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
commūnibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
commūnem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
commūne (accusative neuter singular)
commūnēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
commūnīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
commūnia (accusative neuter plural)
commūnī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
commūnibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
commūnis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
commūne (neuter singular vocative)
commūnēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
commūnia (neuter plural vocative)

Gallo-Italic

Piedmontese: comun

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: comune

Sicilian: cumuni, cummuni

Occitano-Romance

Catalan: comú

Occitan: comun

desctree

Old French: comun
French: commun
→ Romanian: comun
Norman: commun
→ Middle English: comun
English: common

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: comun

Venetan: comùn

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: común

Portuguese: comum

Spanish: común

From Old Latin co(m)moinis, from Proto-Italic *kommoinis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s, from *mey- (“to change”).
Cognate with Proto-Germanic *gamainiz (“shared, communal; common”), related to immūnis, mūnia, mūnis, mūnus (compare Proto-Italic *moinos (“service”)).

cog

(grammar) having both qualities of a subdivided category, such as a verb with both an active and a passive meaning, or a syllable being either long or short.


iurisconsultus

la-noun

iūriscōnsultus m (genitive iūriscōnsultī); second declension

iūriscōnsultus (canonical masculine)
iūriscōnsultī (genitive)
iūriscōnsultus (nominative singular)
iūriscōnsultī (nominative plural)
iūriscōnsultī (genitive singular)
iūriscōnsultōrum (genitive plural)
iūriscōnsultō (dative singular)
iūriscōnsultīs (dative plural)
iūriscōnsultum (accusative singular)
iūriscōnsultōs (accusative plural)
iūriscōnsultō (ablative singular)
iūriscōnsultīs (ablative plural)
iūriscōnsulte (singular vocative)
iūriscōnsultī (plural vocative)

Italian: giureconsulto (through altered form iūrecōnsultus)

[i̯uːrɪs̠kõːˈs̠ʊɫ̪t̪ʊs̠]

From iūs (“law”) + cōnsultus (“experienced”).


supinus

la-adj

supīnus (feminine supīna, neuter supīnum, superlative supinissimus); first/second-declension adjective

supīnus (canonical)
supīna (feminine)
supīnum (neuter)
supinissimus (superlative)
supīnus (masculine nominative singular)
supīna (feminine nominative singular)
supīnum (neuter nominative singular)
supīnī (masculine nominative plural)
supīnae (feminine nominative plural)
supīna (neuter nominative plural)
supīnī (genitive masculine singular)
supīnae (feminine genitive singular)
supīnī (genitive neuter singular)
supīnōrum (genitive masculine plural)
supīnārum (feminine genitive plural)
supīnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
supīnō (dative masculine singular)
supīnae (dative feminine singular)
supīnō (dative neuter singular)
supīnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
supīnum (accusative masculine singular)
supīnam (accusative feminine singular)
supīnum (accusative neuter singular)
supīnōs (accusative masculine plural)
supīnās (accusative feminine plural)
supīna (accusative neuter plural)
supīnō (ablative masculine singular)
supīnā (ablative feminine singular)
supīnō (ablative neuter singular)
supīnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
supīne (masculine singular vocative)
supīna (feminine singular vocative)
supīnum (neuter singular vocative)
supīnī (masculine plural vocative)
supīnae (feminine plural vocative)
supīna (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: supí

English: supine

French: supin

Galician: supino

German: Supinum

Greek: σουπῖνον (soupînon)

Italian: supino

Portuguese: supino

Spanish: supino

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)upo (“up, from below”) (whence sub). Doublet of suppus and supa (“part of a sacrificed animal”). Compare Ancient Greek ὕπτιος (húptios, “backwards, lazy, careless, passive”), from ὑπό (hupó).


Tages

la-proper noun

Tagēs m sg (genitive Tagētis); third declension

Tagēs (canonical masculine singular)
Tagētis (genitive)
Tagēs (nominative singular)
Tagētis (genitive singular)
Tagētī (dative singular)
Tagētem (accusative singular)
Tagēte (ablative singular)
Tagēs (singular vocative)

[ˈt̪äːd͡ʒes]

(mythology) An Etruscan divinity that taught the Etrurians the art of divination


claustrum

la-noun

claustrum n (genitive claustrī); second declension

claustrī (genitive)
claustrum (nominative singular)
claustra (nominative plural)
claustrī (genitive singular)
claustrōrum (genitive plural)
claustrō (dative singular)
claustrīs (dative plural)
claustrum (accusative singular)
claustra (accusative plural)
claustrō (ablative singular)
claustrīs (ablative plural)
claustrum (singular vocative)
claustra (plural vocative)

Vulgar Latin: *clostrum

Italian: chiostro, chiostra

desctree

Old French: cloistre
Middle French: cloistre
French: cloître, cloitre (post-1990 spelling)
→ Russian: клуа́тр (kluátr)
→ Ukrainian: клуа́тр (kluátr)
→ Middle English: cloistre, cloister, closter, cloystre, cloyster, clostre, cloistir, cleystir, cloysture
English: cloister
Scots: closter (< closter)

Old Occitan:

Occitan: clastra

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: clustris

Romansch: clostra

Venetan: giostro

→ Catalan: claustre

desc

→ English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia

→ Friulian: claustri

→ Galician: claustro, caustra (semi-learned)

→ Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor

→ Italian: claustro

→ Old Norse: klaustr

Icelandic: klaustur

Faroese: kleystur

Norwegian: kloster

Old Swedish: kloster, kløster

Swedish: kloster

→ Finnish: luostari

Danish: kloster

→ Polish: claustrum, klaustrum

→ Portuguese: claustro

→ Romanian: claustru

→ Romansch: claustra

→ Spanish: claustro

West Germanic languages (borrowed post-Proto-West Germanic):

→ Old English: clauster, clūstor

→ Old Frisian: klāster

West Frisian: kleaster

→ Old Saxon: *klōstar

Middle Low German: klôster

Plautdietsch: Kloosta

→ Estonian: klooster

→ Latvian: klosteris

→ Old Dutch: *clōster

Middle Dutch: clôoster

Dutch: klooster

Limburgish: kloeaster

→ Old High German: klōstar

Middle High German: klōster

Alemannic German: Chlooster

Bavarian: Klosta

desctree

German: Kloster
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: клоштер, клоштар
Latin script: klošter, kloštar

Luxembourgish: Klouschter

→ Czech: klášter
→ Polish: klasztor

→ Slovak: kláštor

[ˈkɫ̪äu̯s̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]

Consists of claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum.
From Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”), related to Latin clāvis (“key”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).


nuncupo

la-verb

nū̆ncupō (present infinitive nū̆ncupāre, perfect active nū̆ncupāvī, supine nū̆ncupātum); first conjugation

nū̆ncupō (canonical)
nū̆ncupāre (infinitive present)
nū̆ncupāvī (active perfect)
nū̆ncupātum (supine)
nū̆ncupō (active first-person indicative present singular)
nū̆ncupās (active indicative present second-person singular)
nū̆ncupat (active indicative present singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
nū̆ncupātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
nū̆ncupant (active indicative plural present third-person)
nū̆ncupābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nū̆ncupābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nū̆ncupābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nū̆ncupābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nū̆ncupābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
nū̆ncupābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nū̆ncupābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
nū̆ncupābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
nū̆ncupābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
nū̆ncupābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
nū̆ncupābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
nū̆ncupābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
nū̆ncupāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
nū̆ncupāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
nū̆ncupāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
nū̆ncupāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
nū̆ncupāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
nū̆ncupāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
nū̆ncupāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
nū̆ncupāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
nū̆ncupāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
nū̆ncupāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
nū̆ncupāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
nū̆ncupāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāssō (active first-person future sigmatic singular)
nū̆ncupāssis (active future second-person sigmatic singular)
nū̆ncupāssit (active future sigmatic singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāssimus (active first-person future plural sigmatic)
nū̆ncupāssitis (active future plural second-person sigmatic)
nū̆ncupāssint (active future plural sigmatic third-person)
nū̆ncupor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
nū̆ncupāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
nū̆ncupāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
nū̆ncupātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
nū̆ncupāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
nū̆ncupantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
nū̆ncupābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
nū̆ncupābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
nū̆ncupābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
nū̆ncupābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
nū̆ncupābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
nū̆ncupābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
nū̆ncupābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
nū̆ncupābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
nū̆ncupāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
nū̆ncupābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
nū̆ncupābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
nū̆ncupābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
nū̆ncupābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
nū̆ncupābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
nū̆ncupem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
nū̆ncupētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
nū̆ncupent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nū̆ncupāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupāssim (active aorist first-person sigmatic singular)
nū̆ncupāssīs (active aorist second-person sigmatic singular)
nū̆ncupāssīt (active aorist sigmatic singular third-person)
nū̆ncupāssīmus (active aorist first-person plural sigmatic)
nū̆ncupāssītis (active aorist plural second-person sigmatic)
nū̆ncupāssint (active aorist plural sigmatic third-person)
nū̆ncuper (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
nū̆ncupēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
nū̆ncupentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nū̆ncupārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nū̆ncupā (active imperative present second-person singular)
nū̆ncupāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
nū̆ncupātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
nū̆ncupātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
nū̆ncupātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
nū̆ncupantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
nū̆ncupāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
nū̆ncupātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
nū̆ncupātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
nū̆ncupantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
nū̆ncupāre (active infinitive present)
nū̆ncupāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
nū̆ncupātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
nū̆ncupārī (infinitive passive present)
nū̆ncupātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
nū̆ncupātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
nū̆ncupāns (active participle present)
nū̆ncupātūrus (active future participle)
nū̆ncupātus (participle passive perfect)
nū̆ncupandus (future participle passive)
nū̆ncupandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
nū̆ncupandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
nū̆ncupandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
nū̆ncupandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
nū̆ncupātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
nū̆ncupātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ English: nuncupate

From nōmen (“name”) and capiō (“seize, catch”). De Vaan says the original compound must have been a nominal of the form *nōmiceps, with the meaning 'taking a name, declaring', from which was derived a verb of the first conjugation that subsequently passed through the following stages: *nōmicupāre > *nōmcupāre > *nomcupāre > nuncupāre.

(law) to publicly name or appoint as heir


iteratio

la-noun

iterātiō f (genitive iterātiōnis); third declension

iterātiō (canonical feminine)
iterātiōnis (genitive)
iterātiō (nominative singular)
iterātiōnēs (nominative plural)
iterātiōnis (genitive singular)
iterātiōnum (genitive plural)
iterātiōnī (dative singular)
iterātiōnibus (dative plural)
iterātiōnem (accusative singular)
iterātiōnēs (accusative plural)
iterātiōne (ablative singular)
iterātiōnibus (ablative plural)
iterātiō (singular vocative)
iterātiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: iteració

English: iteration

French: itération

Galician: iteración

Italian: iterazione

Occitan: iteracion

Portuguese: iteração

Romanian: iterație

Russian: итерация (iteracija)

Spanish: iteración

[ɪt̪ɛˈräːt̪ioː]

(law) a manumission granted to a freedman by which he received Roman citizenship.


invenit

[ˈɪnu̯ɛnɪt̪]

third-person singular perfect active indicative of inveniō

(printing, art) Used in engraving with the name of the illustrator.


bino

la-verb

bīnō (present infinitive bīnāre, perfect active bīnāvī, supine bīnātum); first conjugation

bīnō (canonical)
bīnāre (infinitive present)
bīnāvī (active perfect)
bīnātum (supine)
bīnō (active first-person indicative present singular)
bīnās (active indicative present second-person singular)
bīnat (active indicative present singular third-person)
bīnāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
bīnātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
bīnant (active indicative plural present third-person)
bīnābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
bīnābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
bīnābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
bīnābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
bīnābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bīnābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bīnābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
bīnābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
bīnābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
bīnābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
bīnābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
bīnābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
bīnāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
bīnāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
bīnāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
bīnāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
bīnāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
bīnāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
bīnāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
bīnāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
bīnāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
bīnāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
bīnāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
bīnāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
bīnāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
bīnāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
bīnāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
bīnāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
bīnāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
bīnāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
bīnāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
bīnor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
bīnāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
bīnāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
bīnātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
bīnāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
bīnāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
bīnantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
bīnābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
bīnābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
bīnābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
bīnābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
bīnābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
bīnābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
bīnābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
bīnābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
bīnāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
bīnābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
bīnābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
bīnābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
bīnābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
bīnābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
bīnem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
bīnēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
bīnēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
bīnētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
bīnent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
bīnārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
bīnārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bīnārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bīnārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bīnārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bīnāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
bīnāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bīnāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
bīnāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bīnāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bīnāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
bīnāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bīnāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
bīnāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bīnāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bīner (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
bīnēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
bīnēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
bīnēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
bīnentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
bīnārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
bīnārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
bīnārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
bīnārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
bīnārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
bīnārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
bīnā (active imperative present second-person singular)
bīnāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
bīnātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
bīnātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
bīnātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
bīnantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
bīnāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
bīnāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
bīnātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
bīnātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
bīnantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
bīnāre (active infinitive present)
bīnāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
bīnātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
bīnārī (infinitive passive present)
bīnātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
bīnātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
bīnāns (active participle present)
bīnātūrus (active future participle)
bīnātus (participle passive perfect)
bīnandus (future participle passive)
bīnandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
bīnandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
bīnandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
bīnandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
bīnātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
bīnātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

English: binate

French: biner, binoter

Galician: bimar, abiñar

Italian: binare

Portuguese: binar

Spanish: binar

(Christianity) to binate, to celebrate Mass twice in one day


fello

la-noun

fellō m (genitive fellōnis); third declension

fellō (canonical masculine)
fellōnis (genitive)
fellō (nominative singular)
fellōnēs (nominative plural)
fellōnis (genitive singular)
fellōnum (genitive plural)
fellōnī (dative singular)
fellōnibus (dative plural)
fellōnem (accusative singular)
fellōnēs (accusative plural)
fellōne (ablative singular)
fellōnibus (ablative plural)
fellō (singular vocative)
fellōnēs (plural vocative)

Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange#Works
Oxford English Dictionary

desctree

Old French: (from the nominative) fel, fels, feus, fal
→ Middle Dutch: fel
Dutch: fel
→ Middle English: fel, fell (or from Old English)
English: fell

Old French: (from the accusative) felon, felun, feloun, felloun
Middle French: felon
French: félon
Norman: fflon
Picard: fèlôn
→ Middle English: felun, feloun
Scots: felloun
English: felon
→ Scots: felon, fellin
→ Galician: felón
→ Spanish: felón

Italian: fellone

→ Sardinian: fellone

desc

Old Occitan: felon, felhon, fellon (obl.), fel, felh (nom.)

Occitan: félon, fèl

Catalan: felló, feylo, falló, felo, falo

Catalan: felló m, fellona f

Uncertain; one common hypothesis is a borrowing from Frankish *falljō.
A derivation from fel (“bile”) has also been suggested (said by the Oxford English Dictionary to be “the most probable”).
A third hypothesis is a derivation as an obscene term of abuse from the verb in 'Etymology 1'.


Silvana

la-noun

Silvāna f (genitive Silvānae); first declension

Silvāna (canonical feminine)
Silvānae (genitive)
Silvāna (nominative singular)
Silvānae (nominative plural)
Silvānae (genitive singular)
Silvānārum (genitive plural)
Silvānae (dative singular)
Silvānābus (dative plural)
Silvānam (accusative singular)
Silvānās (accusative plural)
Silvānā (ablative singular)
Silvānābus (ablative plural)
Silvāna (singular vocative)
Silvānae (plural vocative)

[s̠ɪɫ̪ˈu̯äːnä]

The feminine of Silvānus, from silva (“forest”) + -ānus.


fossatum

fossātum n (genitive fossātī); second declension

fossātum (canonical neuter)
fossātī (genitive)
fossātum (nominative singular)
fossāta (nominative plural)
fossātī (genitive singular)
fossātōrum (genitive plural)
fossātō (dative singular)
fossātīs (dative plural)
fossātum (accusative singular)
fossāta (accusative plural)
fossātō (ablative singular)
fossātīs (ablative plural)
fossātum (singular vocative)
fossāta (plural vocative)

Aromanian: fusate, fusati

Catalan: fossat

Dalmatian: *fosát

desc

→ Serbo-Croatian: fosat, fusat, fusot, pȍsāt

Italian: fossato

Old French: fossé

Middle French: fossé
French: fossé

Old Galician-Portuguese: fossado

Portuguese: fossado

desctree

Old Spanish: fonsado, fonssado, fosado
Spanish: fonsado

Sicilian: fussatu

desc

→ Ancient Greek: φοσσᾶτον (phossâton), φουσσᾶτον (phoussâton, “encampment”)

Greek: φουσάτο (fousáto)

desctree

→ Albanian: fshat (“village”)
→ Aromanian: fsat
→ Romanian: sat, fsat — obsolete

desc

→ Arabic: فُسْطَاط (fusṭāṭ), فُسْتَاط (fustāṭ), فُسَّاط (fussāṭ)

[fɔs̠ˈs̠äːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) fortification around trenches; camp, military base


futurus

la-part

futūrus (feminine futūra, neuter futūrum); first/second-declension participle

futūrus (canonical)
futūra (feminine)
futūrum (neuter)
futūrus (masculine nominative singular)
futūra (feminine nominative singular)
futūrum (neuter nominative singular)
futūrī (masculine nominative plural)
futūrae (feminine nominative plural)
futūra (neuter nominative plural)
futūrī (genitive masculine singular)
futūrae (feminine genitive singular)
futūrī (genitive neuter singular)
futūrōrum (genitive masculine plural)
futūrārum (feminine genitive plural)
futūrōrum (genitive neuter plural)
futūrō (dative masculine singular)
futūrae (dative feminine singular)
futūrō (dative neuter singular)
futūrīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
futūrum (accusative masculine singular)
futūram (accusative feminine singular)
futūrum (accusative neuter singular)
futūrōs (accusative masculine plural)
futūrās (accusative feminine plural)
futūra (accusative neuter plural)
futūrō (ablative masculine singular)
futūrā (ablative feminine singular)
futūrō (ablative neuter singular)
futūrīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
futūre (masculine singular vocative)
futūra (feminine singular vocative)
futūrum (neuter singular vocative)
futūrī (masculine plural vocative)
futūrae (feminine plural vocative)
futūra (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: futur

English: future

Esperanto: futuro

French: futur

Galician: futuro

Italian: futuro

Piedmontese: futur

Portuguese: futuro

Sicilian: futuru

Spanish: futuro

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-. Kortlandt (1986:91) suggests that the short vowel in fu- (rather than long fū-) is more easily explained as descending not from *bʰuH- but from bʰHu- with regular laryngeal metathesis from bhuH-, per Werner Winter (1965:192).
Cognate with English be, Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Sanskrit भवति (bhávati), Persian بودن (budan), Irish bí, among others. Also see be.


hypotheca

la-noun

hypothēca f (genitive hypothēcae); first declension

hypothēca (canonical feminine)
hypothēcae (genitive)
hypothēca (nominative singular)
hypothēcae (nominative plural)
hypothēcae (genitive singular)
hypothēcārum (genitive plural)
hypothēcae (dative singular)
hypothēcīs (dative plural)
hypothēcam (accusative singular)
hypothēcās (accusative plural)
hypothēcā (ablative singular)
hypothēcīs (ablative plural)
hypothēca (singular vocative)
hypothēcae (plural vocative)

Catalan: hipoteca

English: hypothec

French: hypothèque
→ Turkish: ipotek

Galician: hipoteca

German: Hypothek

Italian: ipoteca

Portuguese: hipoteca

Romanian: ipotecă

Spanish: hipoteca

[hʏpɔˈt̪ʰeːkä]

Borrowed from the Ancient Greek ὑποθήκη (hupothḗkē, “warning, pledge”), from the verb ὑποτίθημι (hupotíthēmi, “put down, pledge”).

der

(law) A pledge given as surety for a loan.


psalterium

la-noun

psaltērium n (genitive psaltēriī or psaltērī); second declension

psaltērium (canonical neuter)
psaltēriī (genitive)
psaltērī (genitive)
psaltērium (nominative singular)
psaltēria (nominative plural)
psaltēriī (genitive singular)
psaltērī (genitive singular)
psaltēriōrum (genitive plural)
psaltēriō (dative singular)
psaltēriīs (dative plural)
psaltērium (accusative singular)
psaltēria (accusative plural)
psaltēriō (ablative singular)
psaltēriīs (ablative plural)
psaltērium (singular vocative)
psaltēria (plural vocative)

Old French: saltier, sautier

Middle French: psautier, sautier

French: psautier

→ Middle Dutch: souter

desctree

→ Middle English: sauter
English: psalter

→ Catalan: saltiri

desc

→ Old French: psaltrie, salterie, salterii, sauterye, sautrie, sautyre

→ Middle High German: salterie, psalterie

German: Psalterie (obsolete)

→ Middle Dutch: salterie, psalterie

desctree

→ Middle English: sauterie
English: psaltery

desc

→ Old French: salterion, sarterion, saterion (learned)

Middle French: psalterion

desctree

French: psaltérion
→ Romanian: psalterion

→ English: psalterion

→ Italian: salterio

→ Spanish: salterio

→ Portuguese: saltério

→ Old Occitan: salteri

Occitan: psaltèri

→ English: psalterium (learned)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *psalterī (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Irish: saltair (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Welsh: sallwyr

Welsh: sallwyr

⇒ Middle Welsh: llaswyr

Welsh: llaswyr

[ps̠äɫ̪ˈt̪eːriʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ψαλτήριον (psaltḗrion).


troco

la-verb

trocō (present infinitive trocāre, perfect active trocāvī, supine trocātum); first conjugation

trocō (canonical)
trocāre (infinitive present)
trocāvī (active perfect)
trocātum (supine)
trocō (active first-person indicative present singular)
trocās (active indicative present second-person singular)
trocat (active indicative present singular third-person)
trocāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
trocātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
trocant (active indicative plural present third-person)
trocābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
trocābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
trocābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
trocābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
trocābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
trocābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
trocābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
trocābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
trocābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
trocābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
trocābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
trocābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
trocāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
trocāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
trocāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
trocāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
trocāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
trocāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
trocāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
trocāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
trocāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
trocāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
trocāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
trocāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
trocāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
trocāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
trocāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
trocāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
trocāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
trocāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
trocāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
trocor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
trocāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
trocāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
trocātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
trocāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
trocāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
trocantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
trocābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
trocābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
trocābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
trocābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
trocābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
trocābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
trocābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
trocābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
trocāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
trocābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
trocābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
trocābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
trocābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
trocābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
trocem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
trocēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
trocet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
trocēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
trocētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
trocent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
trocārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
trocārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
trocāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
trocārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
trocārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
trocārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
trocāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
trocāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
trocāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
trocāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
trocāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
trocāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
trocāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
trocāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
trocāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
trocāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
trocāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
trocāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
trocer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
trocēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
trocēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
trocētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
trocēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
trocēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
trocentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
trocārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
trocārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
trocārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
trocārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
trocārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
trocārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
trocārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
trocā (active imperative present second-person singular)
trocāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
trocātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
trocātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
trocātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
trocantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
trocāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
trocāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
trocātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
trocātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
trocantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
trocāre (active infinitive present)
trocāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
trocātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
trocārī (infinitive passive present)
trocātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
trocātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
trocāns (active participle present)
trocātūrus (active future participle)
trocātus (participle passive perfect)
trocandus (future participle passive)
trocandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
trocandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
trocandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
trocandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
trocātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
trocātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Spanish: trocar

desctree

Old French: troquier, trochier
Middle French: troquer, trocher
French: troquer
→ Middle English: trukien, truken, troken, trochen
English: truck
Scots: troke, troak
→ English: troak, troke
⇒ Scots: troke, troch (“barter”, noun)
⇒ Scots: troker (“bargainer”)
⇒ Scots: trokery (“wares”)
⇒ Scots: trokie (“worthless”)
⇒ Scots: trokin (“trading”)

Old Occitan:

Occitan: trocar

Catalan: trocar

Old Galician-Portuguese: trocar

Portuguese: trocar


stipendium

la-noun

stīpendium n (genitive stīpendiī or stīpendī); second declension

stīpendium (canonical neuter)
stīpendiī (genitive)
stīpendī (genitive)
stīpendium (nominative singular)
stīpendia (nominative plural)
stīpendiī (genitive singular)
stīpendī (genitive singular)
stīpendiōrum (genitive plural)
stīpendiō (dative singular)
stīpendiīs (dative plural)
stīpendium (accusative singular)
stīpendia (accusative plural)
stīpendiō (ablative singular)
stīpendiīs (ablative plural)
stīpendium (singular vocative)
stīpendia (plural vocative)

Danish: stipendium

English: stipend

German: Stipendium

Italian: stipendio

Ladin: stipendium

Piedmontese: stipendi

Polish: stypendium

Romanian: stipendiu

Russian: стипе́ндия (stipéndija)

Sicilian: stipenniu

Spanish: estipendio

Swedish: stipendium

[s̠t̪iːˈpɛn̪d̪iʊ̃ˑ]

Haplologized from *stipipendium, from stips (“alms, small payment”) (from stipes) and pendere (“pay, weigh”).

Si iterum experiri velint, se iterum paratum esse decertare; si pace uti velint, iniquum esse de stipendio recusare, quod sua voluntate ad id tempus pependerint.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44

If they chose to make a second trial, he was ready to encounter them again; but if they chose to enjoy peace, it was unfair to refuse the tribute, which of their own free-will they had paid up to that time.

… Poenī stīpendia pendunt

239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales, (in Varronis de lingua latina 5.183)

Jūpiter omnipotēns, utinam nē tempore primō
Cnōsia Cecropiae tetigissent lītora puppēs,
indomitō nec dīra ferēns stīpendia taurō
perfidus intortum religāsset nāvita fūnem,
nec malus haec cēlāns dulcī crūdēlia fōrmā

c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, carmina 64.171–176

cōnsilia in nostrīs requiēsset sēdibus hospes!

ō fortūnātī nimium multumque beatī,
in quibus illa pedis niveī vestīgia pōnet
aut roseīs viridem digitīs dēcerpserit ūvam…
aut inter variōs, Veneris stīpendia, flōrēs
membra reclīnārit teneramque illīserit herbam

1st century CE, anonymous, Lydia 9–15, (Appendix Vergiliana)

in praesentia, ut coepisset, leniter agi placuit et missis circa stipendiarias civitates exactoribus stipendi spem propinquam facere.

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 28.25.9


solacium

sōlācium n (genitive sōlāciī or sōlācī); second declension

sōlācium (canonical neuter)
sōlāciī (genitive)
sōlācī (genitive)
sōlācium (nominative singular)
sōlācia (nominative plural)
sōlāciī (genitive singular)
sōlācī (genitive singular)
sōlāciōrum (genitive plural)
sōlāciō (dative singular)
sōlāciīs (dative plural)
sōlācium (accusative singular)
sōlācia (accusative plural)
sōlāciō (ablative singular)
sōlāciīs (ablative plural)
sōlācium (singular vocative)
sōlācia (plural vocative)

desctree

Old French: solas, solaz, sollas, soulas
French: soulas (archaic)
→ English: solace
→ Irish: sólás
→ Middle Dutch: solas
Dutch: soelaas
→ Scottish Gaelic: sòlas

→ Italian: sollazzo, sollaccio

Old Occitan: solatz

Catalan: solaç

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: solaz

Galician: solaz

Portuguese: solaz

→ Spanish: solaz

→ Sicilian: suḍḍazzu

→ Spanish: solacio

[s̠oːˈɫ̪äːkiʊ̃ˑ]

From sōlor (“to comfort, console, solace”) + -āx + -ium.


adversaria

la-noun

adversāria f (genitive adversāriae, masculine adversārius); first declension

adversāria (canonical feminine)
adversāriae (genitive)
adversārius (masculine)
adversāria (nominative singular)
adversāriae (nominative plural)
adversāriae (genitive singular)
adversāriārum (genitive plural)
adversāriae (dative singular)
adversāriīs (dative plural)
adversāriam (accusative singular)
adversāriās (accusative plural)
adversāriā (ablative singular)
adversāriīs (ablative plural)
adversāria (singular vocative)
adversāriae (plural vocative)

[äd̪u̯ɛrˈs̠äːriä]


infanticida

īnfanticīda m (genitive īnfanticīdae); first declension

īnfanticīda (canonical masculine)
īnfanticīdae (genitive)
īnfanticīda (nominative singular)
īnfanticīdae (nominative plural)
īnfanticīdae (genitive singular)
īnfanticīdārum (genitive plural)
īnfanticīdae (dative singular)
īnfanticīdīs (dative plural)
īnfanticīdam (accusative singular)
īnfanticīdās (accusative plural)
īnfanticīdā (ablative singular)
īnfanticīdīs (ablative plural)
īnfanticīda (singular vocative)
īnfanticīdae (plural vocative)

[ĩːfän̪t̪ɪˈkiːd̪ä]

[iɱfän̪t̪iˈt͡ʃiːd̪ä]

(Late Latin) a child-murderer, an infanticide


nupta

nū̆pta f (genitive nū̆ptae); first declension

nū̆pta (canonical feminine)
nū̆ptae (genitive)
nū̆pta (nominative singular)
nū̆ptae (nominative plural)
nū̆ptae (genitive singular)
nū̆ptārum (genitive plural)
nū̆ptae (dative singular)
nū̆ptīs (dative plural)
nū̆ptam (accusative singular)
nū̆ptās (accusative plural)
nū̆ptā (ablative singular)
nū̆ptīs (ablative plural)
nū̆pta (singular vocative)
nū̆ptae (plural vocative)

Dalmatian: ninapta, ninapto

From nū̆ptus, perfect passive participle of nūbō (“cover, veil; marry”).


veru

verū n (genitive verūs); fourth declension

verū (canonical neuter)
verūs (genitive)
verū (nominative singular)
verua (nominative plural)
verūs (genitive singular)
veruum (genitive plural)
verū (dative singular)
veribus (dative plural)
verū (accusative singular)
verua (accusative plural)
verū (ablative singular)
veribus (ablative plural)
verū (singular vocative)
verua (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *gʷeru (“spit”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru.


diapente

[d̪iäˈpɛn̪t̪ɛ]

From Ancient Greek διά (diá) πέντε (pénte) "every fifth".


diatessaron

[d̪iäˈt̪ɛs̠ːäroːn]

From Ancient Greek διά (diá) τεσσάρων (tessárōn) "every fourth".


caedo

la-verb

caedō (present infinitive caedere, perfect active cecīdī, supine caesum); third conjugation

caedō (canonical)
caedere (infinitive present)
cecīdī (active perfect)
caesum (supine)
caedō (active first-person indicative present singular)
caedis (active indicative present second-person singular)
caedit (active indicative present singular third-person)
caedimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
caeditis (active indicative plural present second-person)
caedunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
caedēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
caedēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
caedēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
caedēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
caedēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
caedēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
caedam (active first-person future indicative singular)
caedēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
caedet (active future indicative singular third-person)
caedēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
caedētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
caedent (active future indicative plural third-person)
cecīdī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
cecīdistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
cecīdit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
cecīdimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
cecīdistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
cecīdērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cecīdēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cecīderam (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
cecīderās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
cecīderat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
cecīderāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
cecīderātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
cecīderant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
cecīderō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
cecīderis (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
cecīderit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
cecīderimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
cecīderitis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
cecīderint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
caedor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
caederis (indicative passive present second-person singular)
caedere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
caeditur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
caedimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
caediminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
caeduntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
caedēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
caedēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
caedēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
caedēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
caedēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
caedēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
caedēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
caedar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
caedēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
caedēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
caedētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
caedēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
caedēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
caedentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
caedam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
caedās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
caedat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
caedāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
caedātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
caedant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
caederem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
caederēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
caederet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
caederēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
caederētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
caederent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cecīderim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
cecīderīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cecīderit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cecīderīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
cecīderītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cecīderint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cecīdissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
cecīdissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cecīdisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cecīdissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
cecīdissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cecīdissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
caedar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
caedāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
caedāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
caedātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
caedāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
caedāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
caedantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
caederer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
caederēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
caederēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
caederētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
caederēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
caederēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
caederentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
caede (active imperative present second-person singular)
caedite (active imperative plural present second-person)
caeditō (active future imperative second-person singular)
caeditō (active future imperative singular third-person)
caeditōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
caeduntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
caedere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
caediminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
caeditor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
caeditor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
caeduntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
caedere (active infinitive present)
cecīdisse (active infinitive perfect)
caesūrum esse (active future infinitive)
caedī (infinitive passive present)
caesum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
caesum īrī (future infinitive passive)
caedēns (active participle present)
caesūrus (active future participle)
caesus (participle passive perfect)
caedendus (future participle passive)
caedundus (future participle passive)
caedendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
caedendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
caedendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
caedendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
caesum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
caesū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

From Proto-Italic *kaidō, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂id-, *kh₂eyd- (“to cut, hew”).
Cognates include Old High German heia (“wooden hammer”), Old Armenian խայթ (xaytʻ, “sting”) and Sanskrit खिदति (khídati, “to tear, press”).


supernus

la-noun

supernus m (genitive supernī); second declension

supernī (genitive)
supernus (nominative singular)
supernī (nominative plural)
supernī (genitive singular)
supernōrum (genitive plural)
supernō (dative singular)
supernīs (dative plural)
supernum (accusative singular)
supernōs (accusative plural)
supernō (ablative singular)
supernīs (ablative plural)
superne (singular vocative)
supernī (plural vocative)

Most likely a back-formation from supernē.

(military) a sword thrust made over the top of an opponent's shield


nuntius

nūntius m (genitive nūntiī or nūntī, feminine nūntia); second declension

nūntius (canonical masculine)
nūntiī (genitive)
nūntī (genitive)
nūntia (feminine)
nūntius (nominative singular)
nūntiī (nominative plural)
nūntiī (genitive singular)
nūntī (genitive singular)
nūntiōrum (genitive plural)
nūntiō (dative singular)
nūntiīs (dative plural)
nūntium (accusative singular)
nūntiōs (accusative plural)
nūntiō (ablative singular)
nūntiīs (ablative plural)
nūntie (singular vocative)
nūntiī (plural vocative)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *nuntiolus (diminutive)

Venetan: nonzolo (“sacristan”)

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: nunci

→ English: nuncio

→ Galician: nuncio

→ Italian: nunzio

→ French: nonce

→ Portuguese: núncio

→ Romanian: nunțiu

→ Russian: нунций (nuncij)

→ Serbo-Croatian: nùncīj, ну̀нцӣј

Sicilian: nunziu, Nunziu

→ Spanish: nuncio

Uncertain; competing hypotheses include:
* From Proto-Indo-European *newH- (“to cry”), whence Sanskrit नु (nu, “to sound out, praise”), नवते (navate, “to cry”), Old Irish núall (“a loud noise”), Tocharian B nu- (“to roar”). This is tentatively favored by de Vaan.
* Contracted from noventius, from an obsolete noveō, from novus, though this is rejected by de Vaan due to the hypothetical proto-form *no(wo)wentio- not making sense morphologically.
* From Proto-Indo-European *new- (“to nod”), same source as Latin *nuō, Ancient Greek νεύω (neúō, “to beckon, nod”) and Old Irish noid (“make known”). This derivation may be a relic of an era when laryngeal theory was not as widely accepted and *newH- (“to cry”) was considered the same root as *new- (“to nod”), in which case the *new- derivation should be discarded.
* From Etruscan [script needed] (nunth, “to bring”).

der

(in the plural) news, tidings, information


munimentum

la-noun

mūnīmentum n (genitive mūnīmentī); second declension

mūnīmentum (canonical neuter)
mūnīmentī (genitive)
mūnīmentum (nominative singular)
mūnīmenta (nominative plural)
mūnīmentī (genitive singular)
mūnīmentōrum (genitive plural)
mūnīmentō (dative singular)
mūnīmentīs (dative plural)
mūnīmentum (accusative singular)
mūnīmenta (accusative plural)
mūnīmentō (ablative singular)
mūnīmentīs (ablative plural)
mūnīmentum (singular vocative)
mūnīmenta (plural vocative)

English: muniment

[muːniːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From mūniō (“to build a wall around; fortify, protect, defend; shelter”) + -mentum.

af

(military) A defence or defense, fortification, protection; intrenchment; rampart, bulwark; fortress.


periculum

la-noun

perīculum n (genitive perīculī); second declension

perīculum (canonical neuter)
perīculī (genitive)
perīculum (nominative singular)
perīcula (nominative plural)
perīculī (genitive singular)
perīculōrum (genitive plural)
perīculō (dative singular)
perīculīs (dative plural)
perīculum (accusative singular)
perīcula (accusative plural)
perīculō (ablative singular)
perīculīs (ablative plural)
perīculum (singular vocative)
perīcula (plural vocative)

Asturian: peligru

Old Occitan: perilh

Catalan: perill

→ Italian: periglio

Leonese: peligru

Occitan: perilh

Old French: peril

French: péril

Norman: péthi

→ Middle English: peril

English: peril

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: perigoo
Galician: perigo
Portuguese: perigo

Old Spanish: periglo

Spanish: peligro (see there for further descendants)

Romansch: privel, prighel, prievel

Sardinian: perículu, perígulu, pirígulu

Sicilian: pirìculu

desc

Venetan: pericoło, pericol, perigoło, pericolo

Proto-Brythonic: *perigl

Breton: pirilh

Cornish: peryl

Middle Welsh: perigl, perygyl

Welsh: perygl

→ Dutch: perikel

→ Friulian: pericul

→ Classical Gaelic: peiriacail

→ Irish: priacal

→ Scottish Gaelic: peirigill

→ Italian: pericolo

→ Romanian: pericol

→ Ladin: pericul

[pɛˈriːkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From *perīrī, from Proto-Italic *perītlom, a base derived from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to attempt, try, research, risk”) (see also English fear, Dutch gevaar (“danger, risk, peril”), German Gefahr (“danger, risk, hazard”), Swedish fara (“danger, risk, peril”)) + -culum. Also related to experior.


archimandrita

la-noun

archimandrīta m (genitive archimandrītae); first declension

archimandrīta (canonical masculine)
archimandrītae (genitive)
archimandrīta (nominative singular)
archimandrītae (nominative plural)
archimandrītae (genitive singular)
archimandrītārum (genitive plural)
archimandrītae (dative singular)
archimandrītīs (dative plural)
archimandrītam (accusative singular)
archimandrītās (accusative plural)
archimandrītā (ablative singular)
archimandrītīs (ablative plural)
archimandrīta (singular vocative)
archimandrītae (plural vocative)

Catalan: arximandrita

English: archimandrite

Galician: arquimandrita

Italian: archimandrita

Portuguese: arquimandrita

Spanish: archimandrita

[ärkʰɪmän̪ˈd̪riːt̪ä]

From Ancient Greek ἀρχιμανδρίτης (arkhimandrítēs, “abbot”).

bor

ἀρχιμανδρίτης

The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church.


bellicus

la-adj

bellicus (feminine bellica, neuter bellicum); first/second-declension adjective

bellica (feminine)
bellicum (neuter)
bellicus (masculine nominative singular)
bellica (feminine nominative singular)
bellicum (neuter nominative singular)
bellicī (masculine nominative plural)
bellicae (feminine nominative plural)
bellica (neuter nominative plural)
bellicī (genitive masculine singular)
bellicae (feminine genitive singular)
bellicī (genitive neuter singular)
bellicōrum (genitive masculine plural)
bellicārum (feminine genitive plural)
bellicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
bellicō (dative masculine singular)
bellicae (dative feminine singular)
bellicō (dative neuter singular)
bellicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
bellicum (accusative masculine singular)
bellicam (accusative feminine singular)
bellicum (accusative neuter singular)
bellicōs (accusative masculine plural)
bellicās (accusative feminine plural)
bellica (accusative neuter plural)
bellicō (ablative masculine singular)
bellicā (ablative feminine singular)
bellicō (ablative neuter singular)
bellicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
bellice (masculine singular vocative)
bellica (feminine singular vocative)
bellicum (neuter singular vocative)
bellicī (masculine plural vocative)
bellicae (feminine plural vocative)
bellica (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: bèl·lic

English: bellic, bellicist

French: bellique (obsolete)

Galician: bélico

Italian: bellico

Portuguese: bélico

Spanish: bélico

[ˈbɛlːʲɪkʊs̠]


percussor

la-noun

percussor m (genitive percussōris); third declension

percussōris (genitive)
percussor (nominative singular)
percussōrēs (nominative plural)
percussōris (genitive singular)
percussōrum (genitive plural)
percussōrī (dative singular)
percussōribus (dative plural)
percussōrem (accusative singular)
percussōrēs (accusative plural)
percussōre (ablative singular)
percussōribus (ablative plural)
percussor (singular vocative)
percussōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: percussor

Galician: percusor

Italian: percussore

Portuguese: percussor

Spanish: percocero, percusor

From percutiō (“strike or pierce through; shoot”).

A murderer, assassin, bandit; executioner.


compater

compater m (genitive compatris); third declension

compatris (genitive)
compater (nominative singular)
compatrēs (nominative plural)
compatris (genitive singular)
compatrum (genitive plural)
compatrī (dative singular)
compatribus (dative plural)
compatrem (accusative singular)
compatrēs (accusative plural)
compatre (ablative singular)
compatribus (ablative plural)
compater (singular vocative)
compatrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: compare

→ Old English: cumpæder

Old French: comper, conper

Middle French: comper

→ Middle English: comper

English: compeer

desctree

French: compère
→ Belizean Creole: kompeh
→ English: compere, compère
→ Greek: κομπέρ (kompér)

Italian: compare

Neapolitan: cumpà
→ English: goombah
→ Spanish: cumpa

desc

Old Galician-Portuguese: compadre, conpadre

Galician: compadre

Portuguese: compadre

Old Spanish: cuémpadre

Spanish: compadre (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: cumpari

→ Proto-Slavic: *kъmotrъ

Czech: kmotr

Slovak: kmotor

Lower Sorbian: kmótš

Polish: kmotr

Silesian: chmotrz

⇒? *kumъ

Macedonian: кум (kum)

Russian: кум (kum)

→ Latvian: kūma, kūmas (“godparent”)

Serbo-Croatian: kȗm / ку̑м

⇒ *kuma f (“godmother”)

Macedonian: кума (kuma)

Polish: kuma

Russian: кума (kuma)

Serbo-Croatian: kuma / кума

Venetan: conpare

→ Greek: κουμπάρος (koumpáros)

(Late Latin) godfather (in relation to godchild or fellow godparent or parent)


sculpo

la-verb

sculpō (present infinitive sculpere, perfect active sculpsī, supine sculptum); third conjugation, no passive

sculpō (canonical)
no passive (canonical)
sculpere (infinitive present)
sculpsī (active perfect)
sculptum (supine)
sculpō (active first-person indicative present singular)
sculpis (active indicative present second-person singular)
sculpit (active indicative present singular third-person)
sculpimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
sculpitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
sculpunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
sculpēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sculpēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sculpēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sculpēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sculpēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sculpēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sculpam (active first-person future indicative singular)
sculpēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
sculpet (active future indicative singular third-person)
sculpēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
sculpētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
sculpent (active future indicative plural third-person)
sculpsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
sculpsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
sculpsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
sculpsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
sculpsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
sculpsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
sculpsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
sculpseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
sculpserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
sculpserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
sculpserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
sculpserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
sculpserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
sculpserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
sculpseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
sculpserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
sculpserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
sculpseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
sculpserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
sculpitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
sculpuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
sculpēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
sculpēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
sculpētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
sculpentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
sculptus est (indicative passive perfect singular third-person)
sculptī sunt (indicative passive perfect plural third-person)
sculptus erat (indicative passive pluperfect singular third-person)
sculptī erant (indicative passive pluperfect plural third-person)
sculptus erit (future indicative passive perfect singular third-person)
sculptī erunt (future indicative passive perfect plural third-person)
sculpam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
sculpās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
sculpat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
sculpāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
sculpātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
sculpant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
sculperem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sculperēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sculperet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sculperēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sculperētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sculperent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sculpserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
sculpserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sculpserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sculpserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
sculpserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sculpserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sculpsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
sculpsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sculpsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sculpsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
sculpsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sculpsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sculpātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
sculpantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
sculperētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sculperentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sculptus sit (passive perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sculptī sint (passive perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sculptus esset (passive pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sculptus foret (passive pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sculptī essent (passive pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sculptī forent (passive pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sculpe (active imperative present second-person singular)
sculpite (active imperative plural present second-person)
sculpitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
sculpitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
sculpitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
sculpuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
sculpere (active infinitive present)
sculpsisse (active infinitive perfect)
sculptūrum esse (active future infinitive)
sculpī (infinitive passive present)
sculptum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
sculptum īrī (future infinitive passive)
sculpēns (active participle present)
sculptūrus (active future participle)
sculptus (participle passive perfect)
sculpendus (future participle passive)
sculpundus (future participle passive)
sculpendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
sculpendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
sculpendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
sculpendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
sculptum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
sculptū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: esculpir

English: sculpt

French: sculpter

Romanian: sculpta

Galician: esculpir

Italian: scolpire

Piedmontese: sculpì

Portuguese: esculpir

Spanish: esculpir

[ˈs̠kʊɫ̪poː]

From scalpo, which has undergone apophony in compounds such as exsculpo.

to carve, chisel (in stone, metal, or wood)


matrona

la-noun

mātrōna f (genitive mātrōnae); first declension

mātrōna (canonical feminine)
mātrōnae (genitive)
mātrōna (nominative singular)
mātrōnae (nominative plural)
mātrōnae (genitive singular)
mātrōnārum (genitive plural)
mātrōnae (dative singular)
mātrōnīs (dative plural)
mātrōnam (accusative singular)
mātrōnās (accusative plural)
mātrōnā (ablative singular)
mātrōnīs (ablative plural)
mātrōna (singular vocative)
mātrōnae (plural vocative)

Catalan: matrona

English: matron, matrona

French: matrone

Italian: matrona

Polish: matrona

Portuguese: matrona

Romanian: matroană

Russian: матрона (matrona)

Sicilian: matruna

Spanish: matrona

[mäˈt̪rɔːnä]

From an unattested *mātrō, -ōnis + -a, from
māter (“mother, foremother”) + -ō ((colloquial) agent noun-forming suffix). Compare colōnus and avunculus. See also patrōnus.

married woman, wife or matron, especially of an honorable man


paelex

paelex f (genitive paelicis); third declension

paelicis (genitive)
paelex (nominative singular)
paelicēs (nominative plural)
paelicis (genitive singular)
paelicum (genitive plural)
paelicī (dative singular)
paelicibus (dative plural)
paelicem (accusative singular)
paelicēs (accusative plural)
paelice (ablative singular)
paelicibus (ablative plural)
paelex (singular vocative)
paelicēs (plural vocative)

[ˈpäe̯ɫ̪ɛks̠]

* Usually compared to Ancient Greek παλλᾰκή (pallakḗ, “concubine”), but phonological and other uncertainties exist.
* The variant pellex shows folk-etymological connection with pelliciō (“I allure”).


annotatio

la-noun

annotātiō f (genitive annotātiōnis); third declension

annotātiō (canonical feminine)
annotātiōnis (genitive)
annotātiō (nominative singular)
annotātiōnēs (nominative plural)
annotātiōnis (genitive singular)
annotātiōnum (genitive plural)
annotātiōnī (dative singular)
annotātiōnibus (dative plural)
annotātiōnem (accusative singular)
annotātiōnēs (accusative plural)
annotātiōne (ablative singular)
annotātiōnibus (ablative plural)
annotātiō (singular vocative)
annotātiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: anotació

English: annotation

French: annotation

Galician: anotación

Italian: annotazione

Polish: adnotacja

Portuguese: anotação

Romanian: adnotație

Russian: аннота́ция (annotácija)

Spanish: anotación

[änːɔˈt̪äːt̪ioː]

[änːoˈt̪ät̪ː͡s̪io]

(law) The registering of a person among the accused.


contubernium

contubernium n (genitive contuberniī or contubernī); second declension

contuberniī (genitive)
contubernī (genitive)
contubernium (nominative singular)
contubernia (nominative plural)
contuberniī (genitive singular)
contubernī (genitive singular)
contuberniōrum (genitive plural)
contuberniō (dative singular)
contuberniīs (dative plural)
contubernium (accusative singular)
contubernia (accusative plural)
contuberniō (ablative singular)
contuberniīs (ablative plural)
contubernium (singular vocative)
contubernia (plural vocative)

→ Portuguese: contubérnio

[kɔn̪t̪ʊˈbɛrniʊ̃ˑ]

From con- (“with, shared”) + taberna (“hut; tent”) + -ium.

af

(historical military) A squad of soldiers sharing a single tent, usually 6–8 men.


intervallum

la-noun

intervallum n (genitive intervallī); second declension

intervallī (genitive)
intervallum (nominative singular)
intervalla (nominative plural)
intervallī (genitive singular)
intervallōrum (genitive plural)
intervallō (dative singular)
intervallīs (dative plural)
intervallum (accusative singular)
intervalla (accusative plural)
intervallō (ablative singular)
intervallīs (ablative plural)
intervallum (singular vocative)
intervalla (plural vocative)

Catalan: interval

Old French: intervalle

French: intervalle

→ Middle English: intervalle

English: interval

Galician: intervalo

→ German: Intervall

Italian: intervallo

Portuguese: intervalo

→ Russian: интервал (interval)

Sicilian: ntirvaḍḍu

Spanish: intervalo

[ɪn̪t̪ɛrˈu̯älːʲʊ̃ˑ]

From inter (“between”) + vallum (“a rampart”).


obnoxius

la-adj

obnoxius (feminine obnoxia, neuter obnoxium); first/second-declension adjective

obnoxia (feminine)
obnoxium (neuter)
obnoxius (masculine nominative singular)
obnoxia (feminine nominative singular)
obnoxium (neuter nominative singular)
obnoxiī (masculine nominative plural)
obnoxiae (feminine nominative plural)
obnoxia (neuter nominative plural)
obnoxiī (genitive masculine singular)
obnoxiae (feminine genitive singular)
obnoxiī (genitive neuter singular)
obnoxiōrum (genitive masculine plural)
obnoxiārum (feminine genitive plural)
obnoxiōrum (genitive neuter plural)
obnoxiō (dative masculine singular)
obnoxiae (dative feminine singular)
obnoxiō (dative neuter singular)
obnoxiīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
obnoxium (accusative masculine singular)
obnoxiam (accusative feminine singular)
obnoxium (accusative neuter singular)
obnoxiōs (accusative masculine plural)
obnoxiās (accusative feminine plural)
obnoxia (accusative neuter plural)
obnoxiō (ablative masculine singular)
obnoxiā (ablative feminine singular)
obnoxiō (ablative neuter singular)
obnoxiīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
obnoxie (masculine singular vocative)
obnoxia (feminine singular vocative)
obnoxium (neuter singular vocative)
obnoxiī (masculine plural vocative)
obnoxiae (feminine plural vocative)
obnoxia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: obnoxi

→ English: obnoxious

→ Portuguese: obnóxio

→ Spanish: obnoxio

From ob- (prefix meaning ‘against; towards’) + noxa (“harm, hurt, injury; crime, fault, offence”) + -ius (suffix forming adjectives). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to disappear; to perish”).

af

ob-<pos:prefix meaning ‘against; towards’>

noxa<t:harm, hurt, injury; crime, fault, offence>

der

Ego tibi mē obnoxium esse fateor culpae compotem.

I confess I am liable to you, sharing the guilt.

(Old Latin, chiefly Late Latin) punishable, liable, guilty, referring to:


novacula

la-noun

novācula f (genitive novāculae); first declension

novācula (canonical feminine)
novāculae (genitive)
novācula (nominative singular)
novāculae (nominative plural)
novāculae (genitive singular)
novāculārum (genitive plural)
novāculae (dative singular)
novāculīs (dative plural)
novāculam (accusative singular)
novāculās (accusative plural)
novāculā (ablative singular)
novāculīs (ablative plural)
novācula (singular vocative)
novāculae (plural vocative)

Asturian: navaya

Catalan: navalla

Mirandese: nabalha

Old Galician-Portuguese: navalla

Galician: navalla

Portuguese: navalha

→ Portuguese: novácula

Spanish: navaja

[noˈu̯äːkʊɫ̪ä]

From Proto-Italic *(ks)nowātlā, probably from Proto-Indo-European *ksnew-, extended from *kes- (“to scratch, itch”). See also Latin saucius, Ancient Greek ξύω (xúō), and Old English besnyþian.

A sharp knife (which was used for shaving)


ferrumen

ferrūmen n (genitive ferrūminis); third declension

ferrūmen (canonical neuter)
ferrūminis (genitive)
ferrūmen (nominative singular)
ferrūmina (nominative plural)
ferrūminis (genitive singular)
ferrūminum (genitive plural)
ferrūminī (dative singular)
ferrūminibus (dative plural)
ferrūmen (accusative singular)
ferrūmina (accusative plural)
ferrūmine (ablative singular)
ferrūminibus (ablative plural)
ferrūmen (singular vocative)
ferrūmina (plural vocative)

Spanish: herrumbre

From earlier ferūmen, from the root of ferveō plus -ūmen after bitūmen and alūmen. The gemination arose under the influence of ferrum.


aequabilitas

aequābilitās f (genitive aequābilitātis); third declension

aequābilitās (canonical feminine)
aequābilitātis (genitive)
aequābilitās (nominative singular)
aequābilitātēs (nominative plural)
aequābilitātis (genitive singular)
aequābilitātum (genitive plural)
aequābilitātī (dative singular)
aequābilitātibus (dative plural)
aequābilitātem (accusative singular)
aequābilitātēs (accusative plural)
aequābilitāte (ablative singular)
aequābilitātibus (ablative plural)
aequābilitās (singular vocative)
aequābilitātēs (plural vocative)

English: equability

Portuguese: equabilidade

[äe̯kʷäːˈbɪlʲɪt̪äːs̠]

From aequābilis (“equal, consistent, equable; just”) + -tās, from aequō (“make level”), from aequus (“even, level”).


Bubona

la-proper noun

Būbōna f sg (genitive Būbōnae); first declension

Būbōna (canonical feminine singular)
Būbōnae (genitive)
Būbōna (nominative singular)
Būbōnae (genitive singular)
Būbōnae (dative singular)
Būbōnam (accusative singular)
Būbōnā (ablative singular)
Būbōna (singular vocative)

(Roman mythology) A Roman goddess, numen and protector of oxen.


grex

la-noun

grex m (genitive gregis); third declension

gregis (genitive)
grex (nominative singular)
gregēs (nominative plural)
gregis (genitive singular)
gregum (genitive plural)
gregī (dative singular)
gregibus (dative plural)
gregem (accusative singular)
gregēs (accusative plural)
grege (ablative singular)
gregibus (ablative plural)
grex (singular vocative)
gregēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gregge

→ Middle French: grege

Gallo-Romance:

Old Gascon: grey

Old Occitan: grec, grei

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: gree

Old Galician-Portuguese: grei

Portuguese: grei

Galician: grei, grea

Old Spanish: grey

Spanish: grey

Borrowings:

→ English: grex

→? Old Irish: graigh

→ Proto-Albanian: [Term?]

Albanian: grigjë

→? Proto-Brythonic: [Term?]

Welsh: gre

From Proto-Italic *greks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“to assemble, gather together”) (though de Vaan prefers to reconstruct the Proto-Italic as *gʷreg-, and the Proto-Indo-European as *gʷreg- (“group, herd”)). Cognates include Lithuanian gurguole (“mass, crowd”) and gurgulys (“chaos, confusion”), Old Church Slavonic гръсть (grŭstĭ, “handful”), Welsh gre (“herd”), Ancient Greek γάργαρα (gárgara, “heaps, lots (of people, etc.)”), Khotanese [script needed] (haṃ-grīs, “to gather, assemble”).


postulatus

la-noun

postulātus m (genitive postulātūs); fourth declension

postulātus (canonical masculine)
postulātūs (genitive)
postulātus (nominative singular)
postulātūs (nominative plural)
postulātūs (genitive singular)
postulātuum (genitive plural)
postulātuī (dative singular)
postulātibus (dative plural)
postulātum (accusative singular)
postulātūs (accusative plural)
postulātū (ablative singular)
postulātibus (ablative plural)
postulātus (singular vocative)
postulātūs (plural vocative)

→ Russian: постула́т (postulát)

[pɔs̠t̪ʊˈɫ̪äːt̪ʊs̠]


gravidus

la-adj

gravidus (feminine gravida, neuter gravidum); first/second-declension adjective

gravida (feminine)
gravidum (neuter)
gravidus (masculine nominative singular)
gravida (feminine nominative singular)
gravidum (neuter nominative singular)
gravidī (masculine nominative plural)
gravidae (feminine nominative plural)
gravida (neuter nominative plural)
gravidī (genitive masculine singular)
gravidae (feminine genitive singular)
gravidī (genitive neuter singular)
gravidōrum (genitive masculine plural)
gravidārum (feminine genitive plural)
gravidōrum (genitive neuter plural)
gravidō (dative masculine singular)
gravidae (dative feminine singular)
gravidō (dative neuter singular)
gravidīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
gravidum (accusative masculine singular)
gravidam (accusative feminine singular)
gravidum (accusative neuter singular)
gravidōs (accusative masculine plural)
gravidās (accusative feminine plural)
gravida (accusative neuter plural)
gravidō (ablative masculine singular)
gravidā (ablative feminine singular)
gravidō (ablative neuter singular)
gravidīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
gravide (masculine singular vocative)
gravida (feminine singular vocative)
gravidum (neuter singular vocative)
gravidī (masculine plural vocative)
gravidae (feminine plural vocative)
gravida (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: gràvid

Danish: gravid

English: gravid, gravida

Esperanto: graveda

→ French: gravide

Friulian: gravide

Ido: gravida

Italian: gravido

Norwegian Bokmål: gravid

Norwegian Nynorsk: gravid

→ Portuguese: grávido

→ Romanian: gravid

→ Spanish: grávido

Swedish: gravid

[ˈɡräu̯ɪd̪ʊs̠]


suovetaurilia

la-noun

suovetaurīlia n pl (genitive suovetaurīlium); third declension

suovetaurīlia (canonical neuter plural)
suovetaurīlium (genitive)
suovetaurīlia (nominative plural)
suovetaurīlium (genitive plural)
suovetaurīlibus (dative plural)
suovetaurīlia (accusative plural)
suovetaurīlibus (ablative plural)
suovetaurīlia (plural vocative)

desc

→ English: suovetaurilia, suovitaurilia (learned)

→ Italian: suovetaurilia (learned)

From sūs (“pig”) + ovis (“sheep”) + taurus (“bull”).

af

Agrum lustrare sic oportet. Impera suovitaurilia circumagi: […]

234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 141.1

It is necessary to purify the field like this. Order the suovetaurilia to be brought around [the field]: […]

(religion) The ritual sacrifice of a pig, a ram and a bull to the god Mars; suovetaurilia


abigo

la-verb

abigō (present infinitive abigere, perfect active abēgī, supine abāctum); third conjugation

abigō (canonical)
abigere (infinitive present)
abēgī (active perfect)
abāctum (supine)
abigō (active first-person indicative present singular)
abigis (active indicative present second-person singular)
abigit (active indicative present singular third-person)
abigimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
abigitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
abigunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
abigēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abigēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abigēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abigēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abigēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abigēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abigam (active first-person future indicative singular)
abigēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
abiget (active future indicative singular third-person)
abigēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
abigētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
abigent (active future indicative plural third-person)
abēgī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
abēgistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
abēgit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
abēgimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
abēgistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
abēgērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
abēgēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
abēgeram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
abēgerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
abēgerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
abēgerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
abēgerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
abēgerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
abēgerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
abēgeris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
abēgerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
abēgerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
abēgeritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
abēgerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
abigor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
abigeris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
abigere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
abigitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
abigimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
abigiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
abiguntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
abigēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
abigēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
abigēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
abigēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
abigēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
abigēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
abigēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
abigar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
abigēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
abigēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
abigētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
abigēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
abigēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
abigentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
abigam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
abigās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
abigat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
abigāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
abigātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
abigant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
abigerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abigerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abigeret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abigerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abigerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abigerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abēgerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
abēgerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abēgerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abēgerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
abēgerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abēgerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abēgissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
abēgissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abēgisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abēgissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
abēgissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abēgissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abigar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
abigāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
abigāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
abigātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
abigāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
abigāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
abigantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
abigerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
abigerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
abigerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
abigerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
abigerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
abigerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
abigerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
abige (active imperative present second-person singular)
abigite (active imperative plural present second-person)
abigitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
abigitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
abigitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
abiguntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
abigere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
abigiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
abigitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
abigitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
abiguntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
abigere (active infinitive present)
abēgisse (active infinitive perfect)
abāctūrum esse (active future infinitive)
abigī (infinitive passive present)
abāctum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
abāctum īrī (future infinitive passive)
abigēns (active participle present)
abāctūrus (active future participle)
abāctus (participle passive perfect)
abigendus (future participle passive)
abigundus (future participle passive)
abigendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
abigendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
abigendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
abigendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
abāctum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
abāctū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

From ab- (“of, from”) + agō (“do, act, make; drive”), with Old Latin vowel reduction.

affix

(medicine) to force birth, cause an abortion