materia

la-noun

māteria f (genitive māteriae); first declension

māteria (canonical feminine)
māteriae (genitive)
māteria (nominative singular)
māteriae (nominative plural)
māteriae (genitive singular)
māteriārum (genitive plural)
māteriae (dative singular)
māteriīs (dative plural)
māteriam (accusative singular)
māteriās (accusative plural)
māteriā (ablative singular)
māteriīs (ablative plural)
māteria (singular vocative)
māteriae (plural vocative)

Asturian: madera, materia

→ Franco-Provençal: matièri

→ Old French: matere

French: matière

desctree

→ Middle Dutch: materie
Dutch: materie
Negerhollands: materie, matering
→ Indonesian: materi

→ Middle English: matere

English: matter

Scots: matter

→ German: Materie

Hunsrik: Materje

→ Italian: materia

Old Francoprovençal: maieiri

Old Galician-Portuguese: madeira

Fala: madeira, maeira, meira

Galician: madeira

Portuguese: madeira

→ Portuguese: matéria (learned)

→ Romanian: materie

→ Russian: мате́рия (matérija), мате́рія (matérija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: материя (materiä)

Sicilian: matera, matèria

Old Spanish: madera

Spanish: madera

→ Spanish: materia

→ Swedish: materia

→ Turkish: öğe (calque)

[mäːˈt̪ɛriä]

[mäˈt̪ɛːriä]

Traditionally derived from māter (“mother, at least in the sense of 'source'”) + -ia, in which case cognate with Old Armenian մայր (mayr, “cedar”) and մայրի (mayri, “forest”). More recently, referred to Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“build”). Sense 1 is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “wood, matter”), introduced by Cicero.

sl

Et vellem, herculēs, māteriam repperīrem aliquam quam deus tantus affluenter indueret.

c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, Metamorphoses 2.31

And, by Hercules, I would like to find [clothing] material that such a great god could wear in flowing folds.

matter; material; component stuff; substance


pedo

la-noun

pedō m (genitive pedōnis); third declension

pedō (canonical masculine)
pedōnis (genitive)
pedō (nominative singular)
pedōnēs (nominative plural)
pedōnis (genitive singular)
pedōnum (genitive plural)
pedōnī (dative singular)
pedōnibus (dative plural)
pedōnem (accusative singular)
pedōnēs (accusative plural)
pedōne (ablative singular)
pedōnibus (ablative plural)
pedō (singular vocative)
pedōnēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pedone

Sicilian: piduni

North Italian:

Lombard: pedon

Ligurian: peon

Piedmontese: pivon

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: peó

Old French: peon (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan: pezon

Occitan: peon

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: peon

Galician: peón

Portuguese: peão, pião

Old Spanish: pedon

Spanish: peón

From ped- (“foot”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix). Found only in late glosses. Replaced the Classical equivalent pedĕs, since the latter was at risk of homophony with pedēs ("feet", and other inflections thereof) due to ongoing sound changes in the vernacular. Romance inherited sense 1, often with transferred meanings like 'footsoldier', 'peasant'.


cornucopia

la-noun

cornūcōpia f (genitive cornūcōpiae); first declension

cornūcōpia (canonical feminine)
cornūcōpiae (genitive)
cornūcōpia (nominative singular)
cornūcōpiae (nominative plural)
cornūcōpiae (genitive singular)
cornūcōpiārum (genitive plural)
cornūcōpiae (dative singular)
cornūcōpiīs (dative plural)
cornūcōpiam (accusative singular)
cornūcōpiās (accusative plural)
cornūcōpiā (ablative singular)
cornūcōpiīs (ablative plural)
cornūcōpia (singular vocative)
cornūcōpiae (plural vocative)

→ English: cornucopia

→ Italian: cornucopia

→ Portuguese: cornucópia

→ Spanish: cornucopia

From cornū (“horn”) + cōpia (“abundance”)


alumna

alumna f (genitive alumnae, masculine alumnus); first declension

alumnae (genitive)
alumnus (masculine)
alumna (nominative singular)
alumnae (nominative plural)
alumnae (genitive singular)
alumnārum (genitive plural)
alumnae (dative singular)
alumnīs (dative plural)
alumnam (accusative singular)
alumnās (accusative plural)
alumnā (ablative singular)
alumnīs (ablative plural)
alumna (singular vocative)
alumnae (plural vocative)

English: alumna

Catalan: alumne

Italian: alunna

Portuguese: aluna

Romanian: alumnă

Spanish: alumna


ago

la-verb

agō (present infinitive agere, perfect active ēgī, supine āctum); third conjugation

agō (canonical)
agere (infinitive present)
ēgī (active perfect)
āctum (supine)
agō (active first-person indicative present singular)
agis (active indicative present second-person singular)
agit (active indicative present singular third-person)
agimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
agitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
agunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
agēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
agēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
agēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
agēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
agēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
agēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
agam (active first-person future indicative singular)
agēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
aget (active future indicative singular third-person)
agēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
agētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
agent (active future indicative plural third-person)
ēgī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
ēgistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ēgit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ēgimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ēgistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ēgērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ēgēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ēgeram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
ēgerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
ēgerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ēgerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
ēgerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ēgerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
ēgerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
ēgeris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
ēgerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
ēgerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
ēgeritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ēgerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
agor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
ageris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
agere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
agitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
agimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
agiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
aguntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
agēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
agēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
agēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
agēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
agēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
agēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
agēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
agar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
agēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
agēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
agētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
agēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
agēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
agentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
āctus + future active indicative of sum (future indicative passive perfect)
agam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
agās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
agat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
agāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
agātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
agant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
agerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
agerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ageret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
agerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
agerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
agerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ēgerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
ēgerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ēgerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ēgerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
ēgerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ēgerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ēgissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ēgissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ēgisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ēgissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ēgissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ēgissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
agar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
agāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
agāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
agātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
agāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
agāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
agantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
agerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
agerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
agerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
agerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
agerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
agerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
agerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
age (active imperative present second-person singular)
agite (active imperative plural present second-person)
agitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
agitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
agitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
aguntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
agere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
agiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
agitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
agitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
aguntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
agere (active infinitive present)
ēgisse (active infinitive perfect)
āctūrum esse (active future infinitive)
agī (infinitive passive present)
āctum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
āctum īrī (future infinitive passive)
agēns (active participle present)
āctūrus (active future participle)
āctus (participle passive perfect)
agendus (future participle passive)
agundus (future participle passive)
agendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
agendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
agendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
agendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
āctum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
āctū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Danish: agere

→ Dutch: ageren

→ English: act

→ French: agir (see there for further descendants)

→ German: agieren

→ Ido: agar

→ Occitan: agir

→ Swedish: agera

From Proto-Italic *agō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti, from the root *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”)
Cognate with Old Irish aigid, Ancient Greek ἄγω (ágō, “I lead”), Old Norse aka (“move, drive”), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (azaⁱti), Sanskrit अजति (ájati, “to drive, propel, cast”).


Adonis

la-proper noun

Adōnis m sg (genitive Adōnidis); third declension

Adōnis (canonical masculine singular)
Adōnidis (genitive)
Adōnis (nominative singular)
Adōnidis (genitive singular)
Adōnis (genitive singular)
Adōnidī (dative singular)
Adōnidem (accusative singular)
Adōnem (accusative singular)
Adōnim (accusative singular)
Adōnin (accusative singular)
Adōnide (ablative singular)
Adōne (ablative singular)
Adōni (singular vocative)

[äˈd̪oːnɪs̠]


author

la-noun

author m (genitive authōris); third declension

authōris (genitive)
author (nominative singular)
authōrēs (nominative plural)
authōris (genitive singular)
authōrum (genitive plural)
authōrī (dative singular)
authōribus (dative plural)
authōrem (accusative singular)
authōrēs (accusative plural)
authōre (ablative singular)
authōribus (ablative plural)
author (singular vocative)
authōrēs (plural vocative)

Late variant of auctor and autor under influence of descendants such as English author.

(New Latin, proscribed) Alternative form of auctor: source, creator, vendor, author, artist.


Thomas

la-proper noun

Thōmās m (genitive Thōmae); first declension

Thōmās (canonical masculine)
Thōmae (genitive)
Thōmās (nominative singular)
Thōmae (nominative plural)
Thōmae (genitive singular)
Thōmārum (genitive plural)
Thōmae (dative singular)
Thōmīs (dative plural)
Thōmān (accusative singular)
Thōmās (accusative plural)
Thōmā (ablative singular)
Thōmīs (ablative plural)
Thōmā (singular vocative)
Thōmae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

>? Romanian: Toma

>? Italian: Tommaso

→ Sicilian: Tummasu

Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: Tomás

Old Leonese:

Asturian: Tomás

desctree

>? Old French: Tumas m
Middle French: Thomas m
French: Thomas m
→ Vietnamese: Tô-ma, Tôma, Thô-ma

Old Occitan:

Catalan: Tomàs m

Occitan: Tomàs

>? Old Galician-Portuguese: Thomas

Galician: Tomás, Tomé

desc

Portuguese: Tomás, Thomás m (dated), Tomé

>? Old Spanish:

desctree

Spanish: Tomás
→ Cebuano: Tomas
→ Tagalog: Tomas
→ Chinese: → 托馬斯／托马斯 (Tuōmǎsī) (transliteration)

Norman: Thonmas, Thomas

Piedmontese: Tomà

Sicilian: Tumasi

Venetan: Tomà

→ Basque: Tomas

→ Czech: Tomáš

→ Danish: Thomas, Tomas
→ Greenlandic: Tuumarsi

→ Estonian: Toomas

→ Faroese: Tummas

→ Finnish: Tuomas

→ German: Thomas

→ Hungarian: Tamás

→ Icelandic: Tómas

→ Irish: Tomás

→ Latvian: Toms, Tomass

→ Lithuanian: Tomas

→ Maltese: Tumas

→ Manx: Thomaase

→ Middle English: Thomas
English: Thomas
→ Hawaiian: Kamaki
→ Maori: Tāmati
→ Scottish Gaelic: Tòmas

→ Norwegian: Thomas, Tomas

→ Polish: Tomasz

→ Sami: Dommá, Duomis, Duommá

→ Scottish Gaelic: Tàmhas, Tòmas

→ Slovak: Tomáš

→ Slovene: Tomaž

→ Swedish: Tomas, Thomas

→ Welsh: Tomos

→ West Frisian: Tomas

[ˈt̪ʰoːmäːs̠]

From Ancient Greek Θωμᾶς m (Thōmâs), the Biblical Greek transcription of Aramaic תאומא or תאמא (“twin”), the nickname of one of the Twelve Apostles.


Pluto

la-proper noun

Plūtō m sg (genitive Plūtōnis); third declension

Plūtō (canonical masculine singular)
Plūtōnis (genitive)
Plūtō (nominative singular)
Plūtōnis (genitive singular)
Plūtōnī (dative singular)
Plūtōnem (accusative singular)
Plūtōne (ablative singular)
Plūtō (singular vocative)

[ˈpɫ̪uːt̪oː]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn, “god of the underworld”).

bor

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Pluto (god of the underworld)


Uranus

la-proper noun

Ūranus m sg (genitive Ūranī); second declension

Ūranus (canonical masculine singular)
Ūranī (genitive)
Ūranus (nominative singular)
Ūranī (genitive singular)
Ūranō (dative singular)
Ūranum (accusative singular)
Ūranō (ablative singular)
Ūrane (singular vocative)
Ūranī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós), from οὐρανός (ouranós, “sky, heaven”)

(Greek mythology) Uranus (god of the sky)


Ulixes

Ulixēs m sg (genitive Ulixis or Ulixī or Ulixeī); third declension

Ulixēs (canonical masculine singular)
Ulixis (genitive)
Ulixī (genitive)
Ulixeī (genitive)
Ulixēs (nominative singular)
Ulixis (genitive singular)
Ulixī (genitive singular)
Ulixeī (genitive singular)
Ulixī (dative singular)
Ulixem (accusative singular)
Ulixēn (accusative singular)
Ulixe (ablative singular)
Ulixēs (singular vocative)

Catalan: Ulisses

English: Ulysses

French: Ulysse

Italian: Ulisse

Old English: Aulixes

Sicilian: Ulissi

Spanish: Ulises

[ʊˈlʲɪks̠eːs̠]

According to Visser, from dialectal (probably Doric) Ancient Greek Οὐλίξης (Oulíxēs, “Odysseus”), itself from a Pre-Greek source tentatively reconstructed by Beekes as *Od/lukʸeu. Compare Etruscan 𐌖𐌈𐌖𐌆𐌄 (uθuze).


Aeneas

la-proper noun

Aenēās m sg (genitive Aenēae); first declension

Aenēās (canonical masculine singular)
Aenēae (genitive)
Aenēās (nominative singular)
Aenēae (genitive singular)
Aenēae (dative singular)
Aenēān (accusative singular)
Aenēam (accusative singular)
Aenēā (ablative singular)
Aenēā (singular vocative)

[äe̯ˈneːäːs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Αἰνείᾱς, Αἰνέᾱς (Aineíās, Ainéās).

bor

Αἰνείᾱς, Αἰνέᾱς


draco

la-noun

dracō m (genitive dracōnis); third declension

dracō (canonical masculine)
dracōnis (genitive)
dracō (nominative singular)
dracōnēs (nominative plural)
dracōnis (genitive singular)
dracōnum (genitive plural)
dracōnī (dative singular)
dracōnibus (dative plural)
dracōnem (accusative singular)
dracōnēs (accusative plural)
dracōne (ablative singular)
dracōnibus (ablative plural)
dracō (singular vocative)
dracōnēs (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: drac, dracu, dãrac, darac

Megleno-Romanian: drac

Romanian: drac

Italian: drago, dragone

Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: dragón

Neapolitan: draone

desctree

→ Old French: dragon, dragun (Anglo-Norman)
Middle French: dracon
French: dragon (see there for further descendants)
Norman: dragon
→ Middle English: dragoun, dragon, dragoune, dragun
English: dragon (see there for further descendants)
Scots: draigon
→ Old Irish: dragán
Irish: dragan
Manx: dragan

Old Leonese:

Asturian: dragu, dragón

Old Occitan:

Catalan: drac, dragó

Occitan: drac, dragon

→ French: drac

Old Galician-Portuguese: dragon

Galician: dragón

Portuguese: drago, dragão

Old Spanish: dragon
Spanish: drago, dragón (see there for further descendants)

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: drâc, dragon

Romansch: dragun

Sardinian: dragone

Sicilian: dragu

→ Maltese: dragun

Venetan: dragon

Vulgar Latin: *dragōnis

→ Proto-Albanian: *dragɔ̄n

Albanian: dragua

→ Albanian: *drak

Albanian: dreq

→ Cornish: dragon

→ Estonian: draakon

→ Proto-West Germanic: *drakō (see there for further descendants)

→ Latvian: drakons

→ Lithuanian: drakonas

→ Welsh: draig

→ Yiddish: דראַקאָן (drakon)

From Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn, “serpent, dragon”).


masculinus

la-adj

masculīnus (feminine masculīna, neuter masculīnum); first/second-declension adjective

masculīnus (canonical)
masculīna (feminine)
masculīnum (neuter)
masculīnus (masculine nominative singular)
masculīna (feminine nominative singular)
masculīnum (neuter nominative singular)
masculīnī (masculine nominative plural)
masculīnae (feminine nominative plural)
masculīna (neuter nominative plural)
masculīnī (genitive masculine singular)
masculīnae (feminine genitive singular)
masculīnī (genitive neuter singular)
masculīnōrum (genitive masculine plural)
masculīnārum (feminine genitive plural)
masculīnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
masculīnō (dative masculine singular)
masculīnae (dative feminine singular)
masculīnō (dative neuter singular)
masculīnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
masculīnum (accusative masculine singular)
masculīnam (accusative feminine singular)
masculīnum (accusative neuter singular)
masculīnōs (accusative masculine plural)
masculīnās (accusative feminine plural)
masculīna (accusative neuter plural)
masculīnō (ablative masculine singular)
masculīnā (ablative feminine singular)
masculīnō (ablative neuter singular)
masculīnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
masculīne (masculine singular vocative)
masculīna (feminine singular vocative)
masculīnum (neuter singular vocative)
masculīnī (masculine plural vocative)
masculīnae (feminine plural vocative)
masculīna (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: masculí

→ Corsican: masculinu

→ English: masculine

→ French: masculin

→ Friulian: masculin

→ Galician: masculino

→ Italian: mascolino

→ Occitan: masculin

→ Portuguese: masculino

→ Romanian: masculin

→ Sicilian: masculinu

→ Spanish: masculino

→ Turkish: maskülen

Adjective from māsculus (“like a male, mannish”), diminutive of mās (“male, man”), + -īnus (suffix forming adjectives indicating possession or origin).


secundus

la-adj

secundus (feminine secunda, neuter secundum, comparative secundior, superlative secundissimus); first/second-declension adjective

secunda (feminine)
secundum (neuter)
secundior (comparative)
secundissimus (superlative)
secundus (masculine nominative singular)
secunda (feminine nominative singular)
secundum (neuter nominative singular)
secundī (masculine nominative plural)
secundae (feminine nominative plural)
secunda (neuter nominative plural)
secundī (genitive masculine singular)
secundae (feminine genitive singular)
secundī (genitive neuter singular)
secundōrum (genitive masculine plural)
secundārum (feminine genitive plural)
secundōrum (genitive neuter plural)
secundō (dative masculine singular)
secundae (dative feminine singular)
secundō (dative neuter singular)
secundīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
secundum (accusative masculine singular)
secundam (accusative feminine singular)
secundum (accusative neuter singular)
secundōs (accusative masculine plural)
secundās (accusative feminine plural)
secunda (accusative neuter plural)
secundō (ablative masculine singular)
secundā (ablative feminine singular)
secundō (ablative neuter singular)
secundīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
secunde (masculine singular vocative)
secunda (feminine singular vocative)
secundum (neuter singular vocative)
secundī (masculine plural vocative)
secundae (feminine plural vocative)
secunda (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: segon, segó

English: second (borrowed)

French: second, son

Italian: secondo

Portuguese: segundo

Romanian: secund

Scots: seicont

Sicilian: sicunnu

Spanish: según, segundo

[s̠ɛˈkʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *sekʷondo- (literally “that follows”); equivalent to sequor (“to follow”) + -undus. The positive meanings "favourable, fair" come from the notion of the wind or current following you from behind.

inh

Errare, si qui in bello omnes secundos rerum proventus exspectent

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.29

If whoever expects every events in the war to be favorable, erred

(military) fortunate, lucky, victorious, successful (of battle--secundis proeliis)


administratio

la-noun

administrātiō f (genitive administrātiōnis); third declension

administrātiō (canonical feminine)
administrātiōnis (genitive)
administrātiō (nominative singular)
administrātiōnēs (nominative plural)
administrātiōnis (genitive singular)
administrātiōnum (genitive plural)
administrātiōnī (dative singular)
administrātiōnibus (dative plural)
administrātiōnem (accusative singular)
administrātiōnēs (accusative plural)
administrātiōne (ablative singular)
administrātiōnibus (ablative plural)
administrātiō (singular vocative)
administrātiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: administració

English: administration

French: administration

Galician: administración

Italian: amministrazione

Occitan: administracion

Portuguese: administração

Romanian: administrație

desc

администра́ция

Russian: администра́ция (administrácija)

Spanish: administración

[äd̪mɪnɪs̠ˈt̪räːt̪ioː]

administration, management, government (of a city, body)


pontifex

la-noun

pontifex m (genitive pontificis); third declension

pontificis (genitive)
pontifex (nominative singular)
pontificēs (nominative plural)
pontificis (genitive singular)
pontificum (genitive plural)
pontificī (dative singular)
pontificibus (dative plural)
pontificem (accusative singular)
pontificēs (accusative plural)
pontifice (ablative singular)
pontificibus (ablative plural)
pontifex (singular vocative)
pontificēs (plural vocative)

→? Catalan: pontífex

→? Italian: pontefice

desctree

→ Middle French: pontife m (learned)
French: pontife m
→? Romanian: pontif m
→ English: pontiff

→ Portuguese: pontífice (learned)

→ Romanian: pontifice

→ Russian: понти́фик m (pontífik)

→ Spanish: pontífice

Often interpreted as a compound originally meaning “bridge-maker”, from Proto-Italic *pontifaks, equivalent to pōns m (“bridge”) + -fex (suffix representing a maker or producer), either metaphorically “one who negotiates between gods and men” or literally if at some point the social class which supplied the priests was more or less identical with engineers that were responsible for building bridges. Compare Sanskrit पथिकृत् (pathikṛ́t, “path-maker”), attested as an epithet of rishis in the Rig Veda.

cog

adiacet antīquus Tiberīnō lūcūs Helernī:

The ancient grove of Helernus is near by the Tiber [River]:
Even now the high priests bring sacrifices to there.
(See: Helernus; “Tiberinus” is an alternative name for the Tiber River.)

pontificēs illūc nunc quoque sacra ferunt.

an ancient Roman high priest, state minister, pontiff


pax

la-noun

pāx f (genitive pācis); third declension

pāx (canonical feminine)
pācis (genitive)
pāx (nominative singular)
pācēs (nominative plural)
pācis (genitive singular)
pācum (genitive plural)
pācī (dative singular)
pācibus (dative plural)
pācem (accusative singular)
pācēs (accusative plural)
pāce (ablative singular)
pācibus (ablative plural)
pāx (singular vocative)
pācēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: pace

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian:

Ligurian:

Lombard: paas

Piedmontese: pas

Romagnol:

Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: paz

Catalan: pau

Occitan: patz

desctree

Old French: pais
Middle French:
French: paix
Anglo-Norman: peis
→ Middle English: pees, pes, pese, pece
English: peace
Yola: pace
Bourguignon: pois
Walloon: påye
→ Dutch: peis
→ Middle English: pees, pes, pais

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: paz

Mirandese: paç

Old Galician-Portuguese: paz
Galician: paz
Portuguese: paz

Old Spanish: paz

Spanish: paz

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: patz

Italian: pace

Sicilian: paci

→ Maltese: paċi

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: pâs

Ladin: pesc

Romansch: pasch, pesch

Sardinian:

Campidanese: paxi

Logudorese: paghe

Nuorese: pache

Venetan: paxe

Early borrowings:

→ Albanian: paqe

→ Basque: bake

→ Old Irish: póc (see there for further descendants)

Modern borrowings:

→ Middle English: pax

English: pax ⇒ paxis

desc

→⇒ English: Pax Americana, Pax Mongolica, Pax Manjurica, Pax Sinica, Pax Sovietica

→ Esperanto: paco

Ido: paco

→ Swedish: pax

From Proto-Italic *pāks, Proto-Indo-European *péh₂ḱ-s (“peace”), from the root *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, to attach”).

(transferred sense) grace (esp. from the gods)


abbatissa

la-noun

abbātissa f (genitive abbātissae, masculine abbās); first declension

abbātissa (canonical feminine)
abbātissae (genitive)
abbās (masculine)
abbātissa (nominative singular)
abbātissae (nominative plural)
abbātissae (genitive singular)
abbātissārum (genitive plural)
abbātissae (dative singular)
abbātissīs (dative plural)
abbātissam (accusative singular)
abbātissās (accusative plural)
abbātissā (ablative singular)
abbātissīs (ablative plural)
abbātissa (singular vocative)
abbātissae (plural vocative)

→ Breton: abadessa

Catalan: abadessa

→ Czech: abatyše

→ Danish: abbedisse

→ Dutch: abdis

→ English: abbatess

→ Finnish: abbedissa

→ Icelandic: abbadís

desc

Italian: badessa, abadessa, abbadessa (archaic)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: abbedisse

Old French: abaesse, abeesse

French: abbesse

Norman: abbêsse

→ Middle English: abbesse

English: abbess

→ Middle High German: abtissine

→ Czech: jeptiška

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: abadessa
Galician: abadesa
Portuguese: abadessa

Old Spanish: abbadesa

Spanish: abadesa
→ Basque: abadesa
→ Hiligaynon: abadesa
→ Tagalog: abadesa

→ Polish: abtysa (learned)

Romanian: abatesă

→ Russian: аббатиса (abbatisa)

→ Swedish: abbedissa

→ Ukrainian: абатиса (abatysa)

→ Welsh: abades

[äbːäːˈt̪ɪs̠ːä]

[äbːäˈt̪isːä]

abbās (“abbot”) + -issa (“feminine noun-forming suffix”).

affix

(Late Latin) abbess, female head of an abbey


Martha

la-proper noun

Martha f (genitive Marthae); first declension

Marthae (genitive)
Martha (nominative singular)
Marthae (nominative plural)
Marthae (genitive singular)
Marthārum (genitive plural)
Marthae (dative singular)
Marthīs (dative plural)
Martham (accusative singular)
Marthās (accusative plural)
Marthā (ablative singular)
Marthīs (ablative plural)
Martha (singular vocative)
Marthae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: Marta

→ Czech: Marta

→ Danish: Martha

→ Dutch: Marta

→ English: Martha

→ Hawaiian: Maleka

→ Maori: Māta

→ Estonian: Marta

→ Faroese: Marta

→ Finnish: Martta, Marppa

→ French: Marthe

→ Galician: Marta

→ German: Marta, Martha

→ Hungarian: Márta

→ Icelandic: Marta

→ Italian: Marta

→ Latvian: Marta

→ Lithuanian: Morta

→ Northern Sami: Mártá

→ Norwegian: Marte, Martha, Marthe

→ Polish: Marta

→ Portuguese: Marta

→ Romanian: Marta

→ Slovak: Marta

→ Slovene: Marta

→ Spanish: Marta

→ Swedish: Marta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μάρθα (Mártha), from Aramaic מָרְתָא (mārtā).


ferrum

la-noun

ferrum n (genitive ferrī); second declension

ferrī (genitive)
ferrum (nominative singular)
ferra (nominative plural)
ferrī (genitive singular)
ferrōrum (genitive plural)
ferrō (dative singular)
ferrīs (dative plural)
ferrum (accusative singular)
ferra (accusative plural)
ferrō (ablative singular)
ferrīs (ablative plural)
ferrum (singular vocative)
ferra (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: her, heru, hjeru

Istro-Romanian: fľer

Megleno-Romanian: ier, ieru

Romanian: fier, fer — regional

Dalmatian:

fiar

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: ferru, farru

Italian: ferro

→? Sabir: ferro

Neapolitan: fierro

Tarantino: fierro

Sicilian: ferru

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: fèr

Ligurian: færo

Lombard: fèr

Piedmontese: fer

Romagnol: fër

Friulian: fiêr

Istriot: fièro

Ladin: fer

Romansch: fier

Venetan: fero

Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: fèr, fèrro, fa, far, farou, fè, fê

desctree

Old French: fer
Middle French: fer
French: fer (see there for further descendants)
Norman: fé (France, Jersey), faer (Guernsey), fer (Sark)
Walloon: fier

Occitano-Romance:

Gascon: hèr

Occitan: fèrre, ferri, fèr

Old Catalan: ferr, ferre, ferro

Catalan: ferro

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: fierro

Aragonese: fierro

Ribagorçan: ferri

Old Leonese: fierru

desc

Asturian: fierro, fierru, ḥierru, ḥierro

Extremaduran: hierru

Leonese: fierru

Mirandese: fierro

Old Galician-Portuguese: ferro

Fala: ferru

Galician: ferro

Portuguese: ferro (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Old Spanish: fierro
Ladino: fierro
Spanish: fierro, hierro
Papiamentu: heru

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: ferru (most dialects), erru (most Nuorese varieties)

Borrowings:

→ English: ferrum

→ Malay: ferum

→ Translingual: Fe

From earlier *ferzom, from a substrate loanword from an unknown source. According to de Vaan, possibly from a Phoenician dialect, 𐤁𐤓𐤆𐤋 (brzl /barzel/, “iron”), akin to Aramaic פַּרְזְלָא, ܦܪܙܠܐ (parzəlā, “iron”), Akkadian 𒀭𒁇 (parzillum, “iron”), Ugaritic 𐎁𐎗𐎏𐎍 (brḏl, “iron”), considered of Anatolian origin. The word could have entered Latin through Etruscan.

unk

unknown

cog

Aramaic פַּרְזְלָא

Non est miscix. ferrum optimum daturus est, sine fuga, carnarium in medio, ut amphitheater videat.

c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 45.6

He is no flibbertigibbet, he will give the best fight, without flight, a carnage in the middle, so that the whole amphitheater will see it.

c. 161, Dig. XXVIII.I.8.4 Gaius libro septimo decimo ad edictum provinciale
Hi vero, qui ad ferrum aut ad bestias aut in metallum damnantur, libertatem perdunt bonaque eorum publicantur: unde apparet amittere eos testamenti factionem.

But those sentenced to fight in the arena or with the beasts or to work in the mines lose freedom and their assets are forfeited: hence one sees that the efficacy of their last will must be denied.


nomen

la-noun

nōmen n (genitive nōminis); third declension

nōmen (canonical neuter)
nōminis (genitive)
nōmen (nominative singular)
nōmina (nominative plural)
nōminis (genitive singular)
nōminum (genitive plural)
nōminī (dative singular)
nōminibus (dative plural)
nōmen (accusative singular)
nōmina (accusative plural)
nōmine (ablative singular)
nōminibus (ablative plural)
nōmen (singular vocative)
nōmina (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: numã, nume, numi

Megleno-Romanian: numi

Istro-Romanian: nome

Romanian: nume

Dalmatian:

naun, naum

Italo-Romance:

Italian: nome

Neapolitan: nomme

Sicilian: nomu, nomi

Padanian:

Friulian: non

Istriot: non, nom

Ladin: inom, inuem

Ligurian: nómme

Old Lombard: nom

Lombard: nòmm

Piedmontese: nòm

Romagnol: nóm

Romansch: num, nom

Venetan: nome

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: nom

Old French: nom (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: nom

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: nome, ñome, nom

Mirandese: nome

desctree

Navarro-Aragonese: nombre
Aragonese: nombre

Old Galician-Portuguese: nome
Fala: nomi
Galician: nome
Portuguese: nome

Old Spanish: nomne, nomre

Spanish: nombre (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: numene, nomene

Borrowings:

→ Spanish: nómina

→ English: nomen

From Proto-Italic *nōmn̥, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”). The long ō (and spurious g in compounds) is from false association with gnōscō (“know, recognize”). In the grammatical sense of “noun”, it is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek ὄνομα (ónoma).
Cognate with Hittite 𒆷𒀀𒈠𒀭 (lāman), Ancient Greek ὄνομα (ónoma), Sanskrit नामन् (nā́man), Tocharian A ñom, Old Irish ainmm, Old Church Slavonic имѧ (imę), Old English nama (English name). Doublet of onoma.

semantic loan

(historical) Short for nomen gentile, nomen, the family name in a Roman name, indicating the person's gens


filius

la-noun

fīlius m (genitive fīliī or fīlī, feminine fīlia); second declension

fīlius (canonical masculine)
fīliī (genitive)
fīlī (genitive)
fīlia (feminine)
fīlius (nominative singular)
fīliī (nominative plural)
fīliī (genitive singular)
fīlī (genitive singular)
fīliōrum (genitive plural)
fīliō (dative singular)
fīliīs (dative plural)
fīlium (accusative singular)
fīliōs (accusative plural)
fīliō (ablative singular)
fīliīs (ablative plural)
fīlī (singular vocative)
fīliī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: hilj, hiljiu, hilju

Istro-Romanian: fiľ

Megleno-Romanian: il'u

Romanian: fiu

Dalmatian:

felj

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: figliu

Italian: figlio

Judeo-Italian: פִילְייוֹ (figlio)

Sicilian: figghiu

Padanian:

Friulian: fi

Istriot: feîo, fèio

Ligurian: fìggio

Piedmontese: fieul, fij

Romansch: figl, fegl

Venetan: fio

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: fill

Franco-Provençal: fely, fily

desctree

Old French: fil
Bourguignon: fi
Walloon: fi

⇒ Old French: filz, fils, fis, fitz, fiz (nominative singular)
Middle French: filz
French: fils
Norman: fils, fis (Jersey)
→ English: Fitz- (via Anglo-Norman fitz)

Old Occitan: filh
Occitan: filh, fiu, hilh

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: fillo

Mozarabic: פליו (flyw)

Old Leonese: fiyo, fijo (Salamanca), fillo (Asturias)
Asturian: fíu, ḥiyu, fiyu
Leonese: fiyu
Extremaduran: iju
Mirandese: filho

Old Galician-Portuguese: filho, fi' (apocopic form), fillo
Fala: fillu
Galician: fillo
Portuguese: filho (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: fijo
Ladino: ijo, fijo
Spanish: hijo (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian:

Campidanese: fillu

Logudorese: fizu, figiu

From Proto-Italic *fīlios, *feilios (the Latin can reflect either one, but Faliscan 𐌅𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏 (fīleo, hīleo), if original and not modeled on Latin fīlius, would point to *fīl-), from earlier *θeilios, from *dʰeh₁i-l-yo-s (“sucker”), a derivation from the verbal root *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”).
Related to fellō, fēmina, fētus, Old English delu (“nipple, teat”), dēon (“to suck, suckle”), Old Armenian դալ (dal). More at doe.


manus

la-noun

manus f (genitive manūs); fourth declension

manūs (genitive)
manus (nominative singular)
manūs (nominative plural)
manūs (genitive singular)
manuum (genitive plural)
manuī (dative singular)
manibus (dative plural)
manum (accusative singular)
manūs (accusative plural)
manū (ablative singular)
manibus (ablative plural)
manus (singular vocative)
manūs (plural vocative)

q

via an assumed proto-form <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">*mana</i>

Balkan Romance: (via an assumed proto-form *mana)

Aromanian: mãnã

Istro-Romanian: măre

Megleno-Romanian: mǫnă

Romanian: mână

Dalmatian:

mun

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: manu

Gallurese: manu

Sassarese: manu

Italian: mano

Neapolitan: mana

Tarantino: mane, màne

Sicilian: manu

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: manu

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: man

Piedmontese: man

Romagnol: mân

Friulian: man

Istriot: man

Ladin: man

Romansch: maun

Venetan: man

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: man

Catalan: mà

Franco-Provençal: man

Old French: main (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan: man
Occitan: man

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: mano

Aragonese: man

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: mano

Extremaduran: manu

Mirandese: mano

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: mão
Fala: man
Galician: man, mao
Portuguese: mão (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: mano

Spanish: mano (see there for further descendants)

Vulgar Latin: (see there for further descendants)

*mania

*manizāre

Borrowings:

→ English: manus

→ Esperanto: mano

→ Ido: manuo

→ Interlingua: mano

From Proto-Italic *manus, further etymology is disputed. Possible cognates include Proto-Germanic *mundō (> Old English mund (“hand, hand of protection, protector”), whence modern English mound), Ancient Greek μάρη (márē, “hand”) (a hapax legomenon of dubious authenticity) and Hittite [script needed] (manii̯aḫḫ-ⁱ, “to distribute, entrust”).
Proposals for further etymology include:
* a Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-r̥ ~ *mh₂-én-, from *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon, signal”), favoured by Mallory and D. Q. Adams
* a Proto-Indo-European *mon-u-, with a later change from mo- to ma- in an open syllable, possibly connected to Old Irish muin (“protection”) too, favoured by Schrijver and de Vaan (although de Vaan finds the Irish term semantically difficult).

cog

(military, nautical) grappling hooks used to snare enemy vessels

(law) legal power of a man over his wife


amen

tlb

(biblical, Christianity, Late Latin, Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin)

Borrowed from Koine Greek ᾱ̓μήν (āmḗn), from Biblical Hebrew אָמֵן (ʾāmēn, “certainly, truly”); cognate with Arabic آمِين (ʔāmīn), Aramaic אַמִין (ʾamīn), Classical Syriac ܐܰܡܺܝܢ (ʾamīn).


Agnus Dei

la-proper noun

Agnus Deī m sg (genitive Agnī Deī); second declension

Agnus Deī (canonical masculine singular)
Agnī Deī (genitive)
Agnus Deī (nominative singular)
Agnī Deī (genitive singular)
Agnō Deī (dative singular)
Agnum Deī (accusative singular)
Agnō Deī (ablative singular)
Agne Deī (singular vocative)

English: Agnus Dei

desc

Portuguese: Agnus Dei, agnus dei, Cordeiro de Deus (calque)

[ˈäŋnʊs̠ ˈd̪eiː]

[ˈäɲːus ˈd̪ɛːi]

Calque of Ancient Greek Ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ (Amnòs toû Theoû). The name refers to Jesus' role as a sacrificial lamb that is (voluntarily) slaughtered on the Cross.

calque

Ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ

Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi...

Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world...

Literally, “Lamb of God”, a title applied by Christians to Jesus, whose death they equate with the offering of such animals for sacrifice at the temple in Jerusalem by those who have sinned, as described in the Hebrew scriptures.


contratenor altus

la-noun

contrātenor altus m (genitive contrātenōris altī); third declension

contrātenor altus (canonical masculine)
contrātenōris altī (genitive)
contrātenor altus (nominative singular)
contrātenōrēs altī (nominative plural)
contrātenōris altī (genitive singular)
contrātenōrum altōrum (genitive plural)
contrātenōrī altō (dative singular)
contrātenōribus altīs (dative plural)
contrātenōrem altum (accusative singular)
contrātenōrēs altōs (accusative plural)
contrātenōre altō (ablative singular)
contrātenōribus altīs (ablative plural)
contrātenor alte (singular vocative)
contrātenōrēs altī (plural vocative)

(music) High countermelody sung against the tenor or main melody.


dominus

dominus m (genitive dominī, feminine domina); second declension

dominī (genitive)
domina (feminine)
dominus (nominative singular)
dominī (nominative plural)
dominī (genitive singular)
dominōrum (genitive plural)
dominō (dative singular)
dominīs (dative plural)
dominum (accusative singular)
dominōs (accusative plural)
dominō (ablative singular)
dominīs (ablative plural)
domine (singular vocative)
dominī (plural vocative)

desctree

⇒ Late Latin: domnus
Aragonese: dueño
Aromanian: domnu
Italian: donno
Megleno-Romanian: domn
Old Galician-Portuguese: dono
Galician: dono
Portuguese: dono
Romanian: domn
Sardinian: donnu
Sicilian: donnu
Spanish: dueño

q

⇒ Medieval Latin: dominō (from the dative, possibly from benedīcāmus Dominō)

→ Spanish: dominó
→ Tagalog: dóminó

→ French: domino (see there for further descendants)

→ Basque: done

Catalan: en, na

→ Dutch: dominee (from the vocative)

desc

→ English: domine, dominie, dominus, don

Italian: domino

Old French: dam

Portuguese: Dom

→ Spanish: dómine

[ˈd̪ɔmɪnʊs̠]

The original identity of the second vowel of this word is unclear:
* from Proto-Italic *dom-o/u-nos (“of the house”); both u- and o-stems are found in other branches;
* from Proto-Italic *domanos, from Proto-Indo-European *domHnos (“homeowner”), from *dṓm (“house”) + *-Hō (Hoffmann's suffix) via the oblique stem *-Hn-.
In either case, likely further related to domus, from Proto-Italic *domos, from Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“to build”).

inh

master, possessor, ruler, lord, proprietor

owner of a residence; master of his servants and slaves


necromantia

la-noun

necromantīa f (genitive necromantīae); first declension

necromantīa (canonical feminine)
necromantīae (genitive)
necromantīa (nominative singular)
necromantīae (nominative plural)
necromantīae (genitive singular)
necromantīārum (genitive plural)
necromantīae (dative singular)
necromantīīs (dative plural)
necromantīam (accusative singular)
necromantīās (accusative plural)
necromantīā (ablative singular)
necromantīīs (ablative plural)
necromantīa (singular vocative)
necromantīae (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek νεκρομαντεία (nekromanteía).

bor

νεκρομαντεία

Eorum inuenta sunt astrologia et haruspicina et auguratio et ipsa quae dicuntur oracula et necromantia.

303 CE – 311 CE, Lactantius, Institutiones Divinae 2.16.1

1871 translation by William Fletcher
These were the inventors of astrology, and soothsaying, and divination, and those productions which are called oracles, and necromancy […] }


magus

la-adj

magus (feminine maga, neuter magum); first/second-declension adjective

maga (feminine)
magum (neuter)
magus (masculine nominative singular)
maga (feminine nominative singular)
magum (neuter nominative singular)
magī (masculine nominative plural)
magae (feminine nominative plural)
maga (neuter nominative plural)
magī (genitive masculine singular)
magae (feminine genitive singular)
magī (genitive neuter singular)
magōrum (genitive masculine plural)
magārum (feminine genitive plural)
magōrum (genitive neuter plural)
magō (dative masculine singular)
magae (dative feminine singular)
magō (dative neuter singular)
magīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
magum (accusative masculine singular)
magam (accusative feminine singular)
magum (accusative neuter singular)
magōs (accusative masculine plural)
magās (accusative feminine plural)
maga (accusative neuter plural)
magō (ablative masculine singular)
magā (ablative feminine singular)
magō (ablative neuter singular)
magīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mage (masculine singular vocative)
maga (feminine singular vocative)
magum (neuter singular vocative)
magī (masculine plural vocative)
magae (feminine plural vocative)
maga (neuter plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek μάγος (mágos, “magician”), from Μάγος (Mágos, “Magian”), of an indeterminate Old Iranian origin (see Μάγος (Mágos) for details).


magus

la-noun

magus m (genitive magī); second declension

magī (genitive)
magus (nominative singular)
magī (nominative plural)
magī (genitive singular)
magōrum (genitive plural)
magō (dative singular)
magīs (dative plural)
magum (accusative singular)
magōs (accusative plural)
magō (ablative singular)
magīs (ablative plural)
mage (singular vocative)
magī (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: magiër

→ English: Magi, mage, magus

Catalan: magi

French: mage

→ Hungarian: mágus

Italian: mago

Piedmontese: mago

Portuguese: mago

Romanian: mag

→ Spanish: mago

→ Cebuano: mago

(figuratively) magician, wizard, (derogatory) sorcerer, trickster, conjurer, charlatan


monstrum

mōnstrum n (genitive mōnstrī); second declension

mōnstrum (canonical neuter)
mōnstrī (genitive)
mōnstrum (nominative singular)
mōnstra (nominative plural)
mōnstrī (genitive singular)
mōnstrōrum (genitive plural)
mōnstrō (dative singular)
mōnstrīs (dative plural)
mōnstrum (accusative singular)
mōnstra (accusative plural)
mōnstrō (ablative singular)
mōnstrīs (ablative plural)
mōnstrum (singular vocative)
mōnstra (plural vocative)

Catalan: monstre

→ Esperanto: monstro

Galician: monstro

Italian: mostro

desctree

Old French: monstre, mostre, moustre
→ Middle English: monstre, moustre
English: monster
Scots: monster
Middle French: monstre
French: monstre
→ Romanian: monstru
Norman: monstre
→ Middle Dutch: monster
Dutch: monster

Portuguese: monstro

Spanish: monstruo

→ Albanian: moshtrë, monstër

[ˈmõːs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *monestrom. Equivalent to moneō (“advise, warn”) + -trum (suffix forming instrument nouns).

suffix

(fantasy, mythology) a divine omen indicating misfortune, an evil omen, portent


doceo

la-verb

doceō (present infinitive docēre, perfect active docuī, supine doctum); second conjugation

doceō (canonical)
docēre (infinitive present)
docuī (active perfect)
doctum (supine)
doceō (active first-person indicative present singular)
docēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
docet (active indicative present singular third-person)
docēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
docētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
docent (active indicative plural present third-person)
docēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
docēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
docēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
docēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
docēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
docēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
docēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
docēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
docēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
docēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
docēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
docēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
docuī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
docuistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
docuit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
docuimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
docuistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
docuērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
docuēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
docueram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
docuerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
docuerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
docuerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
docuerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
docuerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
docuerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
docueris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
docuerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
docuerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
docueritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
docuerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
doceor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
docēris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
docēre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
docētur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
docēmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
docēminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
docentur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
docēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
docēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
docēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
docēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
docēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
docēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
docēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
docēbor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
docēberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
docēbere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
docēbitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
docēbimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
docēbiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
docēbuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
doceam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
doceās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
doceat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
doceāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
doceātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
doceant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
docērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
docērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
docēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
docērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
docērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
docērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
docuerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
docuerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
docuerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
docuerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
docuerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
docuerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
docuissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
docuissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
docuisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
docuissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
docuissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
docuissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
docear (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
doceāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
doceāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
doceātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
doceāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
doceāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
doceantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
docērer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
docērēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
docērēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
docērētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
docērēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
docērēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
docērentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
docē (active imperative present second-person singular)
docēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
docētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
docētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
docētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
docentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
docēre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
docēminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
docētor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
docētor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
docentor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
docēre (active infinitive present)
docuisse (active infinitive perfect)
doctūrum esse (active future infinitive)
docērī (infinitive passive present)
doctum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
doctum īrī (future infinitive passive)
docēns (active participle present)
doctūrus (active future participle)
doctus (participle passive perfect)
docendus (future participle passive)
docendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
docendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
docendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
docendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
doctum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
doctū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Old Occitan: dozer

Old French: duire, doire (homophone for duire 'lead' < dūcere)

French: duire (archaic or regional (Normandy))

→ Ido: docar

[ˈd̪ɔːt͡ʃeo]

From Proto-Italic *dokeō, from earlier *dokejō, causative of Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δοκέω (dokéō, “I expect, suppose, seem”) and Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai, “I accept, receive”). The sense "rehearse, present on stage" is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō).

sl

Omnium scientiārum prīnceps, Salmantica docet.

The University of Salamanca, first in all fields of knowledge, teaches.

to teach, instruct; tell, inform; show, demonstrate


catapulta

la-noun

catapulta f (genitive catapultae); first declension

catapultae (genitive)
catapulta (nominative singular)
catapultae (nominative plural)
catapultae (genitive singular)
catapultārum (genitive plural)
catapultae (dative singular)
catapultīs (dative plural)
catapultam (accusative singular)
catapultās (accusative plural)
catapultā (ablative singular)
catapultīs (ablative plural)
catapulta (singular vocative)
catapultae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: catapulta

→ Corsican: catapulta

→ English: catapulta (learned)

→ German: Katapult

→ Italian: catapulta

desc

→ Middle French: cacapulte, catapulte, cathapulte

French: catapulte
→ Romanian: catapultă

→ English: catapult

→ Polish: katapulta

→ Portuguese: catapulta

→ Spanish: catapulta

[kät̪äˈpʊɫ̪t̪ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καταπέλτης (katapéltēs).


strategematicus

la-adj

stratēgēmaticus (feminine stratēgēmatica, neuter stratēgēmaticum); first/second-declension adjective

stratēgēmaticus (canonical)
stratēgēmatica (feminine)
stratēgēmaticum (neuter)
stratēgēmaticus (masculine nominative singular)
stratēgēmatica (feminine nominative singular)
stratēgēmaticum (neuter nominative singular)
stratēgēmaticī (masculine nominative plural)
stratēgēmaticae (feminine nominative plural)
stratēgēmatica (neuter nominative plural)
stratēgēmaticī (genitive masculine singular)
stratēgēmaticae (feminine genitive singular)
stratēgēmaticī (genitive neuter singular)
stratēgēmaticōrum (genitive masculine plural)
stratēgēmaticārum (feminine genitive plural)
stratēgēmaticōrum (genitive neuter plural)
stratēgēmaticō (dative masculine singular)
stratēgēmaticae (dative feminine singular)
stratēgēmaticō (dative neuter singular)
stratēgēmaticīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
stratēgēmaticum (accusative masculine singular)
stratēgēmaticam (accusative feminine singular)
stratēgēmaticum (accusative neuter singular)
stratēgēmaticōs (accusative masculine plural)
stratēgēmaticās (accusative feminine plural)
stratēgēmatica (accusative neuter plural)
stratēgēmaticō (ablative masculine singular)
stratēgēmaticā (ablative feminine singular)
stratēgēmaticō (ablative neuter singular)
stratēgēmaticīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
stratēgēmatice (masculine singular vocative)
stratēgēmatica (feminine singular vocative)
stratēgēmaticum (neuter singular vocative)
stratēgēmaticī (masculine plural vocative)
stratēgēmaticae (feminine plural vocative)
stratēgēmatica (neuter plural vocative)

[s̠t̪rät̪eːɡeːˈmät̪ɪkʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek στρᾰτήγημα (stratḗgēma, “stratagem”).

der

(military) of or pertaining to military stratagems


calix

la-noun

calix m (genitive calicis); third declension

calicis (genitive)
calix (nominative singular)
calicēs (nominative plural)
calicis (genitive singular)
calicum (genitive plural)
calicī (dative singular)
calicibus (dative plural)
calicem (accusative singular)
calicēs (accusative plural)
calice (ablative singular)
calicibus (ablative plural)
calix (singular vocative)
calicēs (plural vocative)

Italian: calice

Old Occitan:

Catalan: calze

Occitan: calici

Spanish: cauce

→ Albanian: qelq

→ Old French: chalice (learned) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: caliz, calez (semi-learned)

Galician: cáliz

Portuguese: cálice

→ Serbo-Croatian: kalež

→ Spanish: cáliz

→ Proto-West Germanic: *kalik (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *skalik-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel-. Compare Umbrian skalçeta (“sacrifical vessel”).


strategema

stratēgēma n (genitive stratēgēmatis); third declension

stratēgēma (canonical neuter)
stratēgēmatis (genitive)
stratēgēma (nominative singular)
stratēgēmata (nominative plural)
stratēgēmatis (genitive singular)
stratēgēmatum (genitive plural)
stratēgēmatī (dative singular)
stratēgēmatibus (dative plural)
stratēgēma (accusative singular)
stratēgēmata (accusative plural)
stratēgēmate (ablative singular)
stratēgēmatibus (ablative plural)
stratēgēma (singular vocative)
stratēgēmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: estratagema

Old French: stratageme

→ Middle English: *stratageme

English: stratagem

French: stratagème

Italian: stratagemma

Portuguese: estratagema

Sicilian: strataggema

Spanish: estratagema

[s̠t̪rät̪eːˈɡeːmä]

[st̪rät̪eˈd͡ʒɛːmä]

From Ancient Greek στρατήγημα (stratḗgēma).


cantor

cantor m (genitive cantōris, feminine cantrīx); third declension

cantōris (genitive)
cantrīx (feminine)
cantor (nominative singular)
cantōrēs (nominative plural)
cantōris (genitive singular)
cantōrum (genitive plural)
cantōrī (dative singular)
cantōribus (dative plural)
cantōrem (accusative singular)
cantōrēs (accusative plural)
cantōre (ablative singular)
cantōribus (ablative plural)
cantor (singular vocative)
cantōrēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: cantor

Catalan: cantor

Champenois: chantou

English: cantor

Franc-Comtois: tchaintou

French: chantre, chanteur

Friulian: cjantôr

Galician: cantor

Italian: cantore

Norman: chanteux

Portuguese: cantor

Romanian: cantor

Sardinian: cantore, cantori

Spanish: cantor

Swedish: kantor

Venetan: cantor

Walloons: tchanteu

vel audire possum ultra vocem cantorum atque cantricum?

Can I still hear the voices of male and female singers?


monachus

monachus m (genitive monachī); second declension

monachī (genitive)
monachus (nominative singular)
monachī (nominative plural)
monachī (genitive singular)
monachōrum (genitive plural)
monachō (dative singular)
monachīs (dative plural)
monachum (accusative singular)
monachōs (accusative plural)
monachō (ablative singular)
monachīs (ablative plural)
monache (singular vocative)
monachī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

desctree

Italian: monaco
→ Sardinian: monacu (modern form)

Neapolitan: monaco

Sicilian: mònacu, mònicu, mònucu

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: monago

Old Galician-Portuguese: moogo
Galician: Mogo (surname)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: monacu, monagu (inherited medieval forms)

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: murg

→ Basque: monako

→ Old Irish: manach (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *manax (see there for further descendants)

→ Swahili: mmonaki

North Italian:

Friulian: muini

Ligurian: mónego

Lombard: mòneg

Piedmontese: monio

Romansch: muntg, montg, muong

Venetan: munego, monego

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: monjo (see there for further descendants)

Franco-Provençal: mouéno

Old French: monie (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: mounje, mounye, mouyne, mounàch

Old Occitan: monge (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Proto-West Germanic: *munik (see there for further descendants)

[ˈmɔnäkʰʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).


cynocephalus

la-noun

cynocephalus m (genitive cynocephalī); second declension

cynocephalī (genitive)
cynocephalus (nominative singular)
cynocephalī (nominative plural)
cynocephalī (genitive singular)
cynocephalōrum (genitive plural)
cynocephalō (dative singular)
cynocephalīs (dative plural)
cynocephalum (accusative singular)
cynocephalōs (accusative plural)
cynocephalō (ablative singular)
cynocephalīs (ablative plural)
cynocephale (singular vocative)
cynocephalī (plural vocative)

English: cynocephalus

[kʏnɔˈkɛpʰäɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek κυνοκέφαλος (kunoképhalos), a compound of κύων (kúōn, “dog”) + κέφαλος (képhalos, “head”).


fons

la-noun

fōns m (genitive fontis); third declension

fōns (canonical masculine)
fontis (genitive)
fōns (nominative singular)
fontēs (nominative plural)
fontis (genitive singular)
fontium (genitive plural)
fontī (dative singular)
fontibus (dative plural)
fontem (accusative singular)
fontēs (accusative plural)
fontīs (accusative plural)
fonte (ablative singular)
fontibus (ablative plural)
fōns (singular vocative)
fontēs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: fuent

Asturian: fonte f, fuente f

Catalan: font f

Extremaduran: fuenti, huenti

Franco-Provençal: font

French: fonts m pl

Italian: fonte f

Leonese: fonte

Mirandese: fuonte f

Occitan: fònt f

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: fonte f
Galician: fonte f
Portuguese: fonte f

Sicilian: funti

Spanish: fuente f

Venetan: fontego

→ Old English: font

Middle English: font

English: font

From Proto-Italic *fontis, from earlier *θontis, from a Proto-Indo-European root cognate with Sanskrit धन्वति (dhanvati, “flows, runs”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰónh₂-ti-s, from *dʰenh₂- (“to flow”). See also Danube.

cog

(by metonymy) a well, fountain or font (a large container where water pools)

(Christianity) the baptismal font (a pool or basin of water used for baptism)


tridentiger

la-noun

tridentiger m (genitive tridentigerī); second declension

tridentigerī (genitive)
tridentiger (nominative singular)
tridentigerī (nominative plural)
tridentigerī (genitive singular)
tridentigerōrum (genitive plural)
tridentigerō (dative singular)
tridentigerīs (dative plural)
tridentigerum (accusative singular)
tridentigerōs (accusative plural)
tridentigerō (ablative singular)
tridentigerīs (ablative plural)
tridentiger (singular vocative)
tridentigerī (plural vocative)

[t̪rɪˈd̪ɛn̪t̪ɪɡɛr]

trident-bearer (an epithet of Neptune, god of the sea)


aegis

aegis f (genitive aegidos or aegidis); third declension

aegidos (genitive)
aegidis (genitive)
aegis (nominative singular)
aegides (nominative plural)
aegidēs (nominative plural)
aegidos (genitive singular)
aegidis (genitive singular)
aegidum (genitive plural)
aegidī (dative singular)
aegidibus (dative plural)
aegida (accusative singular)
aegidem (accusative singular)
aegidas (accusative plural)
aegidēs (accusative plural)
aegide (ablative singular)
aegidibus (ablative plural)
aegis (singular vocative)
aegi (singular vocative)
aegides (plural vocative)
aegidēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: ègida

English: aegis

French: égide

German: → Ägis, → Ägide
→ Ukrainian: егі́да (ehída)

Italian: egida

→ Polish: egida

Portuguese: égide

Romanian: egidă

Russian: эги́да (egída)

Sicilian: èggida

Spanish: égida

the aegis, or shield. See Aegis; αἰγίς.
of Zeus or Jupiter

… Pallās, prō ducibus nostrīs aegida semper habē.

… Pallas, always hold your aegis before our leaders.
(‘‘Pallas’’ was an epithet for the Greek goddess Athena, syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva.

the aegis, or shield. See Aegis; αἰγίς.
of Athena or Minerva

transferred senses
transferred sense#English

(in the writings of Ovid) the jewelry by which maidens try to conceal their ugliness


sepulcretum

sepulcrētum n (genitive sepulcrētī); second declension

sepulcrētum (canonical neuter)
sepulcrētī (genitive)
sepulcrētum (nominative singular)
sepulcrēta (nominative plural)
sepulcrētī (genitive singular)
sepulcrētōrum (genitive plural)
sepulcrētō (dative singular)
sepulcrētīs (dative plural)
sepulcrētum (accusative singular)
sepulcrēta (accusative plural)
sepulcrētō (ablative singular)
sepulcrētīs (ablative plural)
sepulcrētum (singular vocative)
sepulcrēta (plural vocative)

[s̠ɛpʊɫ̪ˈkreːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

sepulcrum (“grave, tomb”) + -ētum (“place of”)


gryps

la-noun

grȳps m (genitive grȳpis); third declension

grȳps (canonical masculine)
grȳpis (genitive)
grȳps (nominative singular)
grȳpēs (nominative plural)
grȳpes (nominative plural)
grȳpis (genitive singular)
grȳpium (genitive plural)
grȳpī (dative singular)
grȳpibus (dative plural)
grȳpem (accusative singular)
grȳpēs (accusative plural)
grȳpīs (accusative plural)
grypas (accusative plural)
grȳpe (ablative singular)
grȳpibus (ablative plural)
grȳps (singular vocative)
grȳpēs (plural vocative)
grȳpes (plural vocative)

Asturian: grifu

Catalan: griu, grif, grifó

Danish: grib

Italian: grifone, grifo

Norwegian: gribb

desctree

Old French: griffon, gripun, gripoun
Middle English: griffoun, griphon, grefoun, gryffoun, gryffone, gryffon, grifown, griphonne, gryffyn, griffone, grefyne
English: griffin, griffon, gryphon
French: griffon

Old High German: grifo
Middle High German: grīfe
German: Greif

Old Irish: gríb
Irish: gríobh
Manx: greeu
Scottish Gaelic: grib

Portuguese: grifo

Spanish: grifo


sepulcrum

la-noun

sepulcrum n (genitive sepulcrī); second declension

sepulcrī (genitive)
sepulcrum (nominative singular)
sepulcra (nominative plural)
sepulcrī (genitive singular)
sepulcrōrum (genitive plural)
sepulcrō (dative singular)
sepulcrīs (dative plural)
sepulcrum (accusative singular)
sepulcra (accusative plural)
sepulcrō (ablative singular)
sepulcrīs (ablative plural)
sepulcrum (singular vocative)
sepulcra (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: sepulcre

Friulian: sepulcri

Italian: sepolcro

Old French: sepulcre

→ English: sepulchre

French: sépulcre

Piedmontese: sepolcr

Portuguese: sepulcro

Romanian: sepulcru

Spanish: sepulcro

[s̠ɛˈpʊɫ̪krʊ̃ˑ]


hippocentaurus

hippocentaurus m (genitive hippocentaurī); second declension

hippocentaurī (genitive)
hippocentaurus (nominative singular)
hippocentaurī (nominative plural)
hippocentaurī (genitive singular)
hippocentaurōrum (genitive plural)
hippocentaurō (dative singular)
hippocentaurīs (dative plural)
hippocentaurum (accusative singular)
hippocentaurōs (accusative plural)
hippocentaurō (ablative singular)
hippocentaurīs (ablative plural)
hippocentaure (singular vocative)
hippocentaurī (plural vocative)

→ English: hippocentaur

→ French: hippocentaure

[hɪpːɔkɛn̪ˈt̪äu̯rʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἱπποκένταυρος (hippokéntauros).

der

ἱπποκένταυρος


album

la-noun

album n (genitive albī); second declension

albī (genitive)
album (nominative singular)
alba (nominative plural)
albī (genitive singular)
albōrum (genitive plural)
albō (dative singular)
albīs (dative plural)
album (accusative singular)
alba (accusative plural)
albō (ablative singular)
albīs (ablative plural)
album (singular vocative)
alba (plural vocative)

English: album

French: album

German: Album

Portuguese: álbum

Romanian: album

Russian: альбо́м m (alʹbóm)

Serbo-Croatian: album

Spanish: álbum, album

(politics) a blank tablet on which items were recorded, such as the tablet on which the edicts of the praetor were written


imperator

imperātor m (genitive imperātōris, feminine imperātrīx); third declension

imperātor (canonical masculine)
imperātōris (genitive)
imperātrīx (feminine)
imperātor (nominative singular)
imperātōrēs (nominative plural)
imperātōris (genitive singular)
imperātōrum (genitive plural)
imperātōrī (dative singular)
imperātōribus (dative plural)
imperātōrem (accusative singular)
imperātōrēs (accusative plural)
imperātōre (ablative singular)
imperātōribus (ablative plural)
imperātor (singular vocative)
imperātōrēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: imperatore (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: mpiraturi

Padanian:

Friulian: imperadôr

Lombard: imperador

Piedmontese: imperador

Venetan: inperadore

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: emperador

Franco-Provençal: emperor

Old French: empereor (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: emperaire, emperador

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: emperador

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: emperador
Galician: emperador
Portuguese: imperador

Old Spanish: emperador
Spanish: emperador

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *imperātus

Megleno-Romanian: ạmpirat

Romanian: împărat

→ Albanian: mbret
→ English: mpret, mbret

Borrowings:

→ Ottoman Turkish: ایمپراطور (imperator)
Turkish: imparator

→ Polish: imperator

→ Proto-Brythonic: *ɨmperọdr (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: imperator

→ Russian: император (imperator)

→ Ukrainian: імператор (imperator)

[ɪmpɛˈräːt̪ɔr]

From imperō (“command”), via the radical of its supine imperātum + -tor.


Beelzebub

[beˈɛɫ̪d̪͡z̪ɛbʊb]

Translating Ancient Greek Βεελζεβούλ (Beelzeboúl) and Biblical Hebrew בעל זבוב (Ba‘al-z'būb, “fly-lord”); perhaps a corruption of Beelzebul, meaning Lord of the Dwelling, with -bul altered to -bub to change the meaning to Lord of the Flies.

der

(biblical) the god of the Philistine city of Ekron.


famulus

la-noun

famulus m (genitive famulī, feminine famula); second declension

famulī (genitive)
famula (feminine)
famulus (nominative singular)
famulī (nominative plural)
famulī (genitive singular)
famulōrum (genitive plural)
famulō (dative singular)
famulīs (dative plural)
famulum (accusative singular)
famulōs (accusative plural)
famulō (ablative singular)
famulīs (ablative plural)
famule (singular vocative)
famulī (plural vocative)

[ˈfämʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From earlier famelus, from Proto-Italic *famelos (“slave”) (whence Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “slave”)), from earlier *θamelos; probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Probably as a backformation from the predecessor of familia (see there for details).

der

ūnā cum famulō tuō, pāpā nostrō, N.,

together with thy servant, our Pope, N.,


famulus

la-adj

famulus (feminine famula, neuter famulum); first/second-declension adjective

famula (feminine)
famulum (neuter)
famulus (masculine nominative singular)
famula (feminine nominative singular)
famulum (neuter nominative singular)
famulī (masculine nominative plural)
famulae (feminine nominative plural)
famula (neuter nominative plural)
famulī (genitive masculine singular)
famulae (feminine genitive singular)
famulī (genitive neuter singular)
famulōrum (genitive masculine plural)
famulārum (feminine genitive plural)
famulōrum (genitive neuter plural)
famulō (dative masculine singular)
famulae (dative feminine singular)
famulō (dative neuter singular)
famulīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
famulum (accusative masculine singular)
famulam (accusative feminine singular)
famulum (accusative neuter singular)
famulōs (accusative masculine plural)
famulās (accusative feminine plural)
famula (accusative neuter plural)
famulō (ablative masculine singular)
famulā (ablative feminine singular)
famulō (ablative neuter singular)
famulīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
famule (masculine singular vocative)
famula (feminine singular vocative)
famulum (neuter singular vocative)
famulī (masculine plural vocative)
famulae (feminine plural vocative)
famula (neuter plural vocative)

→ Albanian: famull

→ English: famulus

→ German: Famulus

→ Italian: famulo

→ Portuguese: fâmulo

→ Russian: фа́мулус (fámulus)

→ Spanish: fámulo

→ Svan: ფა̈მლი (pämli), ფამლი (pamli)

[ˈfämʊɫ̪ʊs̠]


strongyla

la-noun

strongyla f (genitive strongylae); first declension

strongylae (genitive)
strongyla (nominative singular)
strongylae (nominative plural)
strongylae (genitive singular)
strongylārum (genitive plural)
strongylae (dative singular)
strongylīs (dative plural)
strongylam (accusative singular)
strongylās (accusative plural)
strongylā (ablative singular)
strongylīs (ablative plural)
strongyla (singular vocative)
strongylae (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Strongylus (learned)

[ˈs̠t̪rɔŋɡʏɫ̪ä]

From Ancient Greek στρογγύλη (strongúlē).


olim

For ōle, olle, ōlus, ollus, archaic forms of ille, with locative ending -im, = illō tempore.

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction


versipellis

versipellis m (genitive versipellis); third declension

versipellis (genitive)
versipellis (nominative singular)
versipellēs (nominative plural)
versipellis (genitive singular)
versipellium (genitive plural)
versipellī (dative singular)
versipellibus (dative plural)
versipellem (accusative singular)
versipellēs (accusative plural)
versipellīs (accusative plural)
versipelle (ablative singular)
versipellibus (ablative plural)
versipellis (singular vocative)
versipellēs (plural vocative)

→ Italian: versipelle (learned)

[u̯ɛrs̠ɪˈpɛlːʲɪs̠]

From vertō (“turn”) + pellis (“skin, hide”).

(fantasy, mythology) a werewolf, lycanthrope


mythos

mȳthos m (genitive mȳthī); second declension

mȳthos (canonical masculine)
mȳthī (genitive)
mȳthos (nominative singular)
mȳthī (nominative plural)
mȳthī (genitive singular)
mȳthōrum (genitive plural)
mȳthō (dative singular)
mȳthīs (dative plural)
mȳthon (accusative singular)
mȳthōs (accusative plural)
mȳthō (ablative singular)
mȳthīs (ablative plural)
mȳthe (singular vocative)
mȳthī (plural vocative)

→ French: mythe m
→ Turkish: mit

[ˈmyːt̪ʰɔs̠]

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek μῦθος (mûthos)bor.
Latin mythos
Borrowed from Ancient Greek μῦθος m (mûthos).


bellum

la-noun

bellum n (genitive bellī); second declension

bellī (genitive)
bellum (nominative singular)
bella (nominative plural)
bellī (genitive singular)
bellōrum (genitive plural)
bellō (dative singular)
bellīs (dative plural)
bellum (accusative singular)
bella (accusative plural)
bellō (ablative singular)
bellīs (ablative plural)
bellum (singular vocative)
bella (plural vocative)
bellī (locative singular)
bellīs (locative plural)

desc

→⇒ English: antebellum, interbellum, postbellum (learned)

→⇒ Romanian: răzbel (learned)

From older form duellum; compare the changes from duis to bis and from duonus to bonus.

belli domīque/ bello domique/ vel belli vel domi/ domi belloque

Dulce bellum inexpertīs

War is sweet to those who have never experienced it.

Flavius Vegetius
Sī vīs pācem parā bellum.
If you want peace, prepare for war.

Si omnes opinionibus pugnent non sint bella.

If everyone should fight for their own convictions, there would be no wars.


eques

la-noun

eques m (genitive equitis); third declension

equitis (genitive)
eques (nominative singular)
equitēs (nominative plural)
equitis (genitive singular)
equitum (genitive plural)
equitī (dative singular)
equitibus (dative plural)
equitem (accusative singular)
equitēs (accusative plural)
equite (ablative singular)
equitibus (ablative plural)
eques (singular vocative)
equitēs (plural vocative)

From equus (“horse”) + -es (“-faring”). Compare pedes, mīles for similar formations.


cymitharra

cymithārra f (genitive cymithārrae); first declension

cymithārra (canonical feminine)
cymithārrae (genitive)
cymithārra (nominative singular)
cymithārrae (nominative plural)
cymithārrae (genitive singular)
cymithārrārum (genitive plural)
cymithārrae (dative singular)
cymithārrīs (dative plural)
cymithārram (accusative singular)
cymithārrās (accusative plural)
cymithārrā (ablative singular)
cymithārrīs (ablative plural)
cymithārra (singular vocative)
cymithārrae (plural vocative)

[kʏmɪˈt̪ʰäːrːä]

Omnes autẽ Ianizari ab aliis peditibus amictu breuiore & mitris niueis acuminatis distinguuntur: item armis quae scutum sunt & ensis quẽ Cymitharram uocãt & arcus.

1540, Christophori Richerii Thorignei, De Rebus Turcarum Libri, page 60:


clavarium

clāvārium n (genitive clāvāriī or clāvārī); second declension

clāvārium (canonical neuter)
clāvāriī (genitive)
clāvārī (genitive)
clāvārium (nominative singular)
clāvāria (nominative plural)
clāvāriī (genitive singular)
clāvārī (genitive singular)
clāvāriōrum (genitive plural)
clāvāriō (dative singular)
clāvāriīs (dative plural)
clāvārium (accusative singular)
clāvāria (accusative plural)
clāvāriō (ablative singular)
clāvāriīs (ablative plural)
clāvārium (singular vocative)
clāvāria (plural vocative)

[kɫ̪äːˈu̯äːriʊ̃ˑ]

From clāvus (“nail”) + -ārium (of purpose), via *clāvārius (relating to nails).


longa

longa f (genitive longae); first declension

longae (genitive)
longa (nominative singular)
longae (nominative plural)
longae (genitive singular)
longārum (genitive plural)
longae (dative singular)
longīs (dative plural)
longam (accusative singular)
longās (accusative plural)
longā (ablative singular)
longīs (ablative plural)
longa (singular vocative)
longae (plural vocative)

→ English: longa

(music) a long (British), quadruple whole note (US)


filia

fīlia f (genitive fīliae, masculine fīlius); first declension

fīlia (canonical feminine)
fīliae (genitive)
fīlius (masculine)
fīlia (nominative singular)
fīliae (nominative plural)
fīliae (genitive singular)
fīliārum (genitive plural)
fīliae (dative singular)
fīliīs (dative plural)
fīliābus (dative plural)
fīliam (accusative singular)
fīliās (accusative plural)
fīliā (ablative singular)
fīliīs (ablative plural)
fīliābus (ablative plural)
fīlia (singular vocative)
fīliae (plural vocative)

Aragonese: filla

Aromanian: hilji, hilje

Asturian: fía

Bourguignon: feille

Catalan: filla

Corsican: figlia

Dalmatian: felja

Extremaduran: ija

Franco-Provençal: felye, filye

Friulian: fie

Istro-Romanian: fiľa

Italian: figlia

Judeo-Italian: פִֿילְײַה (figlia)

Ligurian: figgia

Old Lombard: filia

Lombard: fioeula

Lorrain: feille

Megleno-Romanian: il'ă

Mirandese: filha

Norman: fil'ye, fille, fîle

Occitan: filha

desctree

Old French: fille
Middle French: fille
French: fille
Haitian Creole: fi
Louisiana Creole: fiy
Norman: fille, fil'ye
Walloon: feye

Old Galician-Portuguese: filha, filla
Fala: filla
Galician: filla
Portuguese: filha

Old Occitan: filha, filla, hilha

Old Spanish: fija
Ladino: ija
Spanish: hija (see there for further descendants)

Picard: file

Piedmontese: fija

Romanian: fie

Romansch: figlia, feglia

Sardinian: filla, fiza, fitza

Sicilian: figghia, fiza

Venetan: fia

From fīlius (“son”). Displaced the Proto-Italic descendant of Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr, which is attested in Oscan 𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓 (futír).


astrologia

la-noun

astrologia f (genitive astrologiae); first declension

astrologiae (genitive)
astrologia (nominative singular)
astrologiae (nominative plural)
astrologiae (genitive singular)
astrologiārum (genitive plural)
astrologiae (dative singular)
astrologiīs (dative plural)
astrologiam (accusative singular)
astrologiās (accusative plural)
astrologiā (ablative singular)
astrologiīs (ablative plural)
astrologia (singular vocative)
astrologiae (plural vocative)

Catalan: astrologia

French: astrologie

→ Romanian: astrologie

Galician: astroloxía

Italian: astrologia

Portuguese: astrologia

Sicilian: struluggìa

Spanish: astrología

[äs̠t̪rɔˈɫ̪ɔɡiä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀστρολογία (astrología, “astronomy, astrology”), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star”) + -λογία (-logía, “treating of”); equivalent to Ancient Greek ἄστρον (ástron) + -logia.

af

Eorum inuenta sunt astrologia et haruspicina et auguratio et ipsa quae dicuntur oracula et necromantia.


diaeresis

la-noun

diaeresis f (genitive diaeresis or diaereseōs or diaeresios); third declension

diaeresis (genitive)
diaereseōs (genitive)
diaeresios (genitive)
diaeresis (nominative singular)
diaeresēs (nominative plural)
diaereseis (nominative plural)
diaeresis (genitive singular)
diaereseōs (genitive singular)
diaeresios (genitive singular)
diaeresium (genitive plural)
diaeresī (dative singular)
diaeresibus (dative plural)
diaeresim (accusative singular)
diaeresin (accusative singular)
diaeresem (accusative singular)
diaeresēs (accusative plural)
diaeresīs (accusative plural)
diaeresī (ablative singular)
diaerese (ablative singular)
diaeresibus (ablative plural)
diaeresis (singular vocative)
diaeresi (singular vocative)
diaeresēs (plural vocative)
diaereseis (plural vocative)

→ English: diaeresis

→ French: diérèse

→ Portuguese: diérese

→ Spanish: diéresis

[d̪iˈäe̯rɛs̠ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐαίρεσῐς (diaíresis).

etymon

AD 98–138, Velius Longus (aut.), T.H.G. Keil (ed.), Liber de orthographia in Grammatici Latini VII (1880), p. 57, ll. 21–28

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

sed et quidam in hac quoque scriptione voluerunt esse differentiam, ut pluralis quidem numeri nominativus casus per a et e scriberetur, genetivus vero singularis per a et i, hoc quoque argumentantes, quod diaeresis, sive dialysis illa dicetur, a nominativo plurali non fit, sed ex singulari obliquo, cum dicitur ‘ a u l a i i n m e d i o ’ et // d i v e s e q u u m , d i v e s p i c t a i v e s t i s e t a u r i , // item rei nostrai, faciendai, magnai.

Fvrit intvs aqvai fvmidvs id est aquae amnis: nec inmerito; nam potest esse et alterius rei amnis, “ut fluvios videt ille cruoris”. Hanc autem diaeresin Tucca et Varius fecerunt: nam Vergilius sic reliquerat “furit intus aquae amnis” et “exuberat amnis”: quod satis asperum fuit. Notandum quod in toto Vergilio non reperiuntur nisi quattuor diaereses, hoc loco, et in tertio ⟨354⟩, ut “aulai medio libabant pocula Bacchi”, et in VI. ⟨747⟩ ut “aurai simplicis ignem”, et in IX. ⟨26⟩ “dives pictai vestis et auri”.

circa''' AD 384, Ser. Honoratus (aut.), G. Thilo & H. Hagen (eds.), In Vergilii Aeneidos commentarii in Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii II (1884), bk vii, l. 464 (p. 160, ll. 1–9)

(grammar) diaeresis (division of a diphthong into two vowels in consecutive syllables)


onager

la-noun

onager m (genitive onagrī); second declension

onagrī (genitive)
onager (nominative singular)
onagrī (nominative plural)
onagrī (genitive singular)
onagrōrum (genitive plural)
onagrō (dative singular)
onagrīs (dative plural)
onagrum (accusative singular)
onagrōs (accusative plural)
onagrō (ablative singular)
onagrīs (ablative plural)
onager (singular vocative)
onagrī (plural vocative)

French: onagre

Italian: onagro

Portuguese: onagro

Spanish: onagro

→ English: onager

[ˈɔːnäd͡ʒer]

From Hellenistic Ancient Greek ὄναγρος (ónagros, “wild ass”), from ὄνος (ónos, “ass”) + ἄγριος (ágrios, “wild”).


lis

la-noun

līs f (genitive lītis); third declension

līs (canonical feminine)
lītis (genitive)
līs (nominative singular)
lītēs (nominative plural)
lītis (genitive singular)
lītium (genitive plural)
lītī (dative singular)
lītibus (dative plural)
lītem (accusative singular)
lītēs (accusative plural)
lītīs (accusative plural)
līte (ablative singular)
lītibus (ablative plural)
līs (singular vocative)
lītēs (plural vocative)

Galician: lide

Italian: lite

Portuguese: lide

Sicilian: liti

Spanish: lid

From Old Latin stlīs, from Proto-Italic *slītis (“accusation, dispute”), likely from Proto-Indo-European *sliH-ti-, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyH-, related to Old Irish liid (“accuse, charge”).

inh

līte vacent aurēs, īnsānaque prōtinus absint

1851 translation by Henry T. Riley
Let our ears be relieved from strife, and forthwith let maddening discords he far away; and thou envious tongue, postpone thy occupation.

iūrgia; differ opus, līvida lingua, tuum!


ornus

la-noun

ornus f (genitive ornī); second declension

ornī (genitive)
ornus (nominative singular)
ornī (nominative plural)
ornī (genitive singular)
ornōrum (genitive plural)
ornō (dative singular)
ornīs (dative plural)
ornum (accusative singular)
ornōs (accusative plural)
ornō (ablative singular)
ornīs (ablative plural)
orne (singular vocative)
ornī (plural vocative)

Dalmatian: uarno

→ French: orne (learned)

Italian: orno, orniello

Romanian: urm

From Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃s-. See also English ash.


Iuppiter

la-proper noun

Iuppiter m (genitive Iovis); third declension

Iovis (genitive)
Iuppiter (nominative singular)
Iovēs (nominative plural)
Iovis (genitive singular)
Iovum (genitive plural)
Iovī (dative singular)
Iovibus (dative plural)
Iovem (accusative singular)
Iovēs (accusative plural)
Iove (ablative singular)
Iovibus (ablative plural)
Iuppiter (singular vocative)
Iovēs (plural vocative)

→ Afrikaans: Jupiter

→ Arabic: جُوبِيتَر (jūbītar)

→ Armenian: Յուպիտեր (Yupiter)

Asturian: Xúpiter

→ Azerbaijani: Yupiter

→ Bashkir: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Basque: Jupiter

→ Bulgarian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

Catalan: Júpiter

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 朱庇特 (Zhūbìtè)

Cantonese: 朱庇特 (zyu1 bei3 dak6)

→ Cornish: Jubyter, Yow

→ Czech: Jupiter

→ Dutch: Jupiter

→ English: Jupiter, Jove

→ Esperanto: Jupitero

→ Estonian: Jupiter

→ Finnish: Juppiter, Jupiter

Franco-Provençal: Jupitèr

French: Jupiter

Galician: Xúpiter

→ German: Jupiter

→ Hungarian: Jupiter

→ Icelandic: Júpíter

→ Indonesian: Yupiter

→ Irish: Iúpatar

Italian: Giove

→ Latvian: Jupiters

→ Lithuanian: Jupiteris

→ Macedonian: Јупитер (Jupiter)

→ Maltese: Ġovè

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: Юпи́теръ (Jupíter), Упи́теръ (Upíter)
Belarusian: Юпі́тэр (Jupíter)
Carpathian Rusyn: Юпі́тер (Jupíter)
Ukrainian: Юпі́тер (Jupíter); юпі́тер (jupíter)

→ Persian: ژوپیتر (župiter)

→ Polish: Jowisz, Jupiter

Portuguese: Júpiter

→ Romanian: Jupiter

→ Russian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Jùpiter/Ју̀питер

→ Slovak: Jupiter

→ Slovene: Júpiter

Spanish: Júpiter

→ Swedish: Jupiter

→ Tagalog: Hupiter

→ Turkish: Jüpiter

→ Tuvan: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Wolof: Yupiter

→ Yoruba: Júpítérì

→ Zulu: uJupitheri

[ˈi̯ʊpːɪt̪ɛr]

The nominative Iuppiter, for Iūpiter (with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per the "littera" rule), comes from the vocative combined with pater, and essentially meant "father Jove"; from Proto-Italic *djous patēr, from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), root nomen agentis from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Cognate with Umbrian 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), and in other branches of Indo-European Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyáuṣ-pitṛ́), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”). Equivalent to diēs (cf. Iovis) + pater.
The oblique cases Iov-, Iovis continue the inflection of Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Cognates are Latin diēs (originating from the accusative case of *djous) and Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).

cog

Nē Juppiter quidem omnibus placet.

(Roman mythology) Jupiter (god of the sky and ruler of the Roman pantheon)


lapis

la-noun

lapis m (genitive lapidis); third declension

lapidis (genitive)
lapis (nominative singular)
lapidēs (nominative plural)
lapidis (genitive singular)
lapidum (genitive plural)
lapidī (dative singular)
lapidibus (dative plural)
lapidem (accusative singular)
lapidēs (accusative plural)
lapide (ablative singular)
lapidibus (ablative plural)
lapis (singular vocative)
lapidēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *lapets. May be connected with Ancient Greek λέπας (lépas, “bare rock, crag”), either from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel”) (compare secō, saxum; rumpō, rupēs) or, more likely, a Mediterranean substrate language.

cog

et lapis iste quem erexi in titulum vocabitur Domus Dei

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Genesis 28:22:

And this stone, which I have set for a pillar, shall be God's house


fidelitas

la-noun

fidēlitās f (genitive fidēlitātis); third declension

fidēlitās (canonical feminine)
fidēlitātis (genitive)
fidēlitās (nominative singular)
fidēlitātēs (nominative plural)
fidēlitātis (genitive singular)
fidēlitātum (genitive plural)
fidēlitātī (dative singular)
fidēlitātibus (dative plural)
fidēlitātem (accusative singular)
fidēlitātēs (accusative plural)
fidēlitāte (ablative singular)
fidēlitātibus (ablative plural)
fidēlitās (singular vocative)
fidēlitātēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance;

Italian: fedeltà

Gallo-Romance:

desc

early <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">fedieltad</i>

Old French: fealté, feelté (early fedieltad)

Middle French: féauté

French: féauté (archaic)

Old Lorrain: fauteit

Norman: fiauté

desctree

→ Middle English: feaute, fealtye, feawte, feute, feutee, fewte, fewtee, fewtee, ffeute, foialte
English: fealty (/l/ restored due to learned influence)
Middle Scots: fewte
⇒ Scots: feauto

→ Middle Dutch: fealteit

→ Old Spanish: fealdad

Spanish: fealdad

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: feheltat

Old Occitan: fedaltat, fezeltat

Occitan: feséltat

Provençal: feséutat

West Iberian:

desc

Old Spanish: fieldad (either semi-learned or dialectal)

Spanish: fieldad

Old Galician-Portuguese: fialdade, fieldade

Galician: fieldade

Portuguese: fieldade

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: fidelitat

desctree

→ Middle English: fidelite
English: fidelity

→ Middle French: fidélité

French: fidélité

→ Romanian: fidelitate

→ Portuguese: fidelidade

→ Spanish: fidelidad

[fɪˈd̪eːlʲɪt̪äːs̠]

From fidēlis (“faithful”) + -tās, from fidēs (“faith”).

(Medieval Latin) homage, fealty (as distinct from fidēs, religious faith)


Mercurius

la-proper noun

Mercurius m sg (genitive Mercuriī or Mercurī); second declension

Mercuriī (genitive)
Mercurī (genitive)
Mercurius (nominative singular)
Mercuriī (genitive singular)
Mercurī (genitive singular)
Mercuriō (dative singular)
Mercurium (accusative singular)
Mercuriō (ablative singular)
Mercurī (singular vocative)

→ Bulgarian: Меркурий (Merkurij)

→ Catalan: Mercuri (learned)

→ Czech: Merkur

→ Danish: Merkur

→ Middle English: Mercurie, mercurie

English: Mercury, mercury

→ Finnish: Merkurius

→ French: Mercure (learned)

→ Galician: Mercurio (learned)

→ German: Merkur

→ Indonesian: Merkurius

→ Italian: Mercurio (learned)

→ Latvian: Merkur

→ Portuguese: Mercúrio (learned)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *Merxür

Breton: Merc'her

Cornish: Merher

Middle Welsh: Merchyr

Welsh: Mercher

→ Russian: Меркурий (Merkurij)

→ Spanish: Mercurio (learned)

→ Swedish: Merkurius

→ Ukrainian: Меркурій (Merkurij)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *mercuriāgo

Catalan: melcoratge

Possibly from merx (“merchandise”), or perhaps from Etruscan and influenced by merx.

(Roman mythology) Mercury (god of speed and commerce)


tata

la-noun

tata m (genitive tatae); first declension

tatae (genitive)
tata (nominative singular)
tatae (nominative plural)
tatae (genitive singular)
tatārum (genitive plural)
tatae (dative singular)
tatīs (dative plural)
tatam (accusative singular)
tatās (accusative plural)
tatā (ablative singular)
tatīs (ablative plural)
tata (singular vocative)
tatae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: tatã, tati

Istro-Romanian: tåtĕ

Megleno-Romanian: tată

Romanian: tată (“father, dad”)

Italo-Dalmatian:

Dalmatian: tuota, teta

Italian: tata, tato

→ Cimbrian: tatta

→ Mòcheno: tata

Neapolitan: tata

Old Occitan:

Old Catalan: taita (“dad”)

Catalan: tata (“dad, brother”) (dialectal)

Rhaeto-Romance:

Romansch: tat (“grandfather”) (dialectal)

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: taie

West Iberian:

Portuguese: tatá

Old Spanish: taita (“dad”)

Spanish: tata, tato, taita

From Proto-Italic *tata, from Proto-Indo-European *tata-, ultimately onomatopoeic, mimicking baby talk.
Compare the similar atta, and also Cornish tat, tas, Breton tad and Breton tata, Ancient Greek τατᾶ (tatâ), τέττα (tétta), Bulgarian та́тко (tátko), Sanskrit तात (tāta), Kamkata-viri tót, tó, Tregami tát, Waigali tati.

dad, daddy, a term used by children for their father


Andreas

la-proper noun

Andrē̆ās m sg (genitive Andrē̆ae); first declension

Andrē̆ās (canonical masculine singular)
Andrē̆ae (genitive)
Andrē̆ās (nominative singular)
Andrē̆ae (genitive singular)
Andrē̆ae (dative singular)
Andrē̆am (accusative singular)
Andrē̆ān (accusative singular)
Andrē̆ā (ablative singular)
Andrē̆ā (singular vocative)

Catalan: Andreu

French: André

Galician: André, Andrade

Italian: Andrea

Old Galician-Portuguese: Andreu

Portuguese: André

Piedmontese: Andrèia

Ligurian: Drîa

Romanian: Îndrea, Andrea, Undrea

Spanish: Andrés

[än̪ˈd̪reːäːs̠]

[ˈän̪d̪reäːs̠]

[än̪ˈd̪rɛːäs]

Borrowed from the Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέᾱς (Andréās).

a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Andrew


sacerdos

la-noun

sacerdōs m or f (genitive sacerdōtis); third declension

sacerdōs (canonical feminine masculine)
sacerdōtis (genitive)
sacerdōs (nominative singular)
sacerdōtēs (nominative plural)
sacerdōtis (genitive singular)
sacerdōtum (genitive plural)
sacerdōtī (dative singular)
sacerdōtibus (dative plural)
sacerdōtem (accusative singular)
sacerdōtēs (accusative plural)
sacerdōte (ablative singular)
sacerdōtibus (ablative plural)
sacerdōs (singular vocative)
sacerdōtēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: sacerdote

Catalan: sacerdot

→ Chinese: 司鐸／司铎 (sīduó) (phono-semantic loan)

Galician: sacerdote

Italian: sacerdote

→ Sardinian: satzerdote, sacerdote

Portuguese: sacerdote

Old English: sacerd

Romanian: sacerdot

Sicilian: sacirduti

Spanish: sacerdote

desctree

→ Old Irish: sacart
Irish: sagart
Manx: saggyrt
Scottish Gaelic: sagart
⇒ Middle Irish: sacartacht

From Proto-Italic *sakrodōts. Equivalent to sacer (“sacred, holy”) plus an affix derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁- (“to do”).


Serapis

la-proper noun

Serāpis m sg (genitive Serāpidis or Serāpis); third declension

Serāpis (canonical masculine singular)
Serāpidis (genitive)
Serāpis (genitive)
Serāpis (nominative singular)
Serāpidis (genitive singular)
Serāpis (genitive singular)
Serāpidī (dative singular)
Serāpī (dative singular)
Serāpidem (accusative singular)
Serāpem (accusative singular)
Serāpide (ablative singular)
Serāpe (ablative singular)
Serāpis (singular vocative)

[s̠ɛˈräːpɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σάρᾱπις (Sárāpis) (later Σέρᾱπις (Sérāpis)), from Egyptian wsjr-ḥp.


fur

la-noun

fūr m or f (genitive fūris); third declension

fūr (canonical feminine masculine)
fūris (genitive)
fūr (nominative singular)
fūrēs (nominative plural)
fūris (genitive singular)
fūrum (genitive plural)
fūrī (dative singular)
fūribus (dative plural)
fūrem (accusative singular)
fūrēs (accusative plural)
fūre (ablative singular)
fūribus (ablative plural)
fūr (singular vocative)
fūrēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: fur

Italian: furo

Old Occitan:

Catalan: fura, furó

Occitan: fura

Romanian: fur

⇒ Late Latin: fūrō, fūrōnis (“thief”)

Old French: fuiron (< *fūriō)

Old Galician-Portuguese: foron

Fala: furón

Galician: furón

Portuguese: furão

Old Spanish:

Spanish: hurón

→⇒ Central Franconian: Fürner (< *fūriō)

desc

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *furittum (“petty thief”)

Italian: furetto

Occitan: furet, huret, fura

desctree

Old French: furet, firet, furret
French: furet
→ Middle Dutch: furet, fret
Dutch: fret
→ German: Frett, Frettchen
→ Finnish: fretti
→ Middle English: furet, ferret
Scots: ferret
English: ferret

Romansch: furet

Sicilian: furittu

From Proto-Italic *fōr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰṓr, from the root *bʰer- (“to carry”) (see ferō). Cognate with Ancient Greek φώρ (phṓr).


levir

la-noun

lēvir m (genitive lēvirī); second declension

lēvir (canonical masculine)
lēvirī (genitive)
lēvir (nominative singular)
lēvirī (nominative plural)
lēvirī (genitive singular)
lēvirōrum (genitive plural)
lēvirō (dative singular)
lēvirīs (dative plural)
lēvirum (accusative singular)
lēvirōs (accusative plural)
lēvirō (ablative singular)
lēvirīs (ablative plural)
lēvir (singular vocative)
lēvirī (plural vocative)

→ English: levir, ⇒ levirate (learned)

From Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr (“one's brother-in-law”). For initial l- compare lingua, lacrima. The expected *-ver was possibly altered under the influence of vir (“man”).

der

Coordinate term: glōs f


socer

la-noun

socer m (genitive socerī); second declension

socerī (genitive)
socer (nominative singular)
socerī (nominative plural)
socerī (genitive singular)
socerōrum (genitive plural)
socerō (dative singular)
socerīs (dative plural)
socerum (accusative singular)
socerōs (accusative plural)
socerō (ablative singular)
socerīs (ablative plural)
socer (singular vocative)
socerī (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *swekuros, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros.


Sappho

la-proper noun

Sapphō f sg (variously declined, genitive Sapphūs or Sapphōnis); fourth declension, third declension

Sapphō (canonical feminine singular)
Sapphūs (genitive)
Sapphōnis (genitive)
Sapphō (nominative singular)
Sapphūs (genitive singular)
Sapphō (accusative singular)
Sapphō (ablative singular)
Sapphō (singular vocative)
Sapphō (nominative singular)
Sapphōnis (genitive singular)
Sapphōnī (dative singular)
Sapphōnem (accusative singular)
Sapphōne (ablative singular)
Sapphō (singular vocative)

, Plinius, Naturalis Historia, lib. XXII, cap. IX, num. 20; in: Pliny Natural History with an English translation in ten volumes Volume VI Libri XX-XXIII By W. H. S. Jones, 1951, page 308f.

This, it is said, is how Phaon of Lesbos too won the love of Sappho, there being much idle trifling on this subject not only among the Magi but also among the Pythagoreans.ᵈ
ᵈ As is suggested by the punctuation of Detlefsen and Mayhoff, this sentence is taken to be part of the indirect speech, with multa ablative. With a full stop at Sappho, it could be taken as a comment of Pliny, with multa neuter plural.

ob hoc et Phaonem Lesbium dilectum a Sappho, multa circa hoc non Magorum solum vanitate, sed etiam Pythagoricorum.

, Guntherus Cisterciensis, De oratione jejunio et eleemosyna libri tredecim, lib. III, cap. V; in: Patrologiae cursus completus sive bibliotheca universalis, integra, uniformis, commoda, oeconomica, omnium SS. patrum, doctorum scriptorumque ecclesiaticorum. Series secunda. Patrologiae tomus CCXII, edited by J.-P. Migne, 1855, col. 131

Curiose afficiunt, quae ipso auditu libidinem incitant, ut lyrica Sapphonis, elegiae Nasonis, comoediae Menandri, Plauti vel Terentii.


clava

la-noun

clāva f (genitive clāvae); first declension

clāva (canonical feminine)
clāvae (genitive)
clāva (nominative singular)
clāvae (nominative plural)
clāvae (genitive singular)
clāvārum (genitive plural)
clāvae (dative singular)
clāvīs (dative plural)
clāvam (accusative singular)
clāvās (accusative plural)
clāvā (ablative singular)
clāvīs (ablative plural)
clāva (singular vocative)
clāvae (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *klāwā, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”). Cognate with Latin clādes, percellō, gladius.


socrus

la-noun

socrus f (genitive socrūs); fourth declension

socrūs (genitive)
socrus (nominative singular)
socrūs (nominative plural)
socrūs (genitive singular)
socruum (genitive plural)
socruī (dative singular)
socribus (dative plural)
socrum (accusative singular)
socrūs (accusative plural)
socrū (ablative singular)
socribus (ablative plural)
socrus (singular vocative)
socrūs (plural vocative)

Template:Wiktionary:Picture dictionary/la:kinship
From Proto-Italic *swekrus, earlier *swekrū, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂ (“mother-in-law”).