cohors

la-noun

cohors f (genitive cohortis); third declension

cohortis (genitive)
cohors (nominative singular)
cohortēs (nominative plural)
cohortis (genitive singular)
cohortium (genitive plural)
cohortī (dative singular)
cohortibus (dative plural)
cohortem (accusative singular)
cohortēs (accusative plural)
cohortīs (accusative plural)
cohorte (ablative singular)
cohortibus (ablative plural)
cohors (singular vocative)
cohortēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: cort; → cohort

→ English: cohort

Franco-Provençal: côrt

→ French: cohorte

Friulian: cort; → coorte

Galician: corte; → Galician: cohorte

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: κοόρτης (koórtēs), κοόρτη (koórtē), κόρτη (kórtē), κόρτης (kórtēs), κώρτη (kṓrtē), κώρτης (kṓrtēs), χόρτη (khórtē), χώρτη (khṓrtē)

desctree

→ Arabic: شُرْطَة (šurṭa)
→ Classical Syriac: ܫܘܽܪܛܳܐ (šurṭā), ܫܽܪܛܳܐ (šurṭā)

→ Romanian: cort

Italian: corte; → coorte

Occitan: cort; → coòrta

Old French: cort
French: cour
→ Middle English: court, cort, corte, cortt, courte, curt, curth
English: court (see there for further descendants)
Scots: court, coort

Portuguese: corte; → coorte

Romanian: curte; → cohortă

→ Russian: кого́рта (kogórta)

Sicilian: curti

Spanish: corte; → cohorte

→ Ukrainian: кого́рта (kohórta)

From Proto-Italic *kom + *horti-, the latter a ti-derivative of what is likely the same root underlying *hortos (“enclosure”). By surface analysis, co- + -hors.


calamitas

la-noun

calamitās f (genitive calamitātis); third declension

calamitās (canonical feminine)
calamitātis (genitive)
calamitās (nominative singular)
calamitātēs (nominative plural)
calamitātis (genitive singular)
calamitātum (genitive plural)
calamitātī (dative singular)
calamitātibus (dative plural)
calamitātem (accusative singular)
calamitātēs (accusative plural)
calamitāte (ablative singular)
calamitātibus (ablative plural)
calamitās (singular vocative)
calamitātēs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: calamidat

Asturian: calamidá

Catalan: calamitat

Emilian: calamitè

English: calamity

French: calamité

Friulian: calamitât

Galician: calamidade

→ German: Kalamität

Italian: calamità

Ladin: calamità

Occitan: calamitat

Piedmontese: calamità

Portuguese: calamidade

Romanian: calamitate

Sardinian: calàma

Spanish: calamidad (see there for further descendants)

[käˈɫ̪ämɪt̪äːs̠]

From unattested *calamis ("damaged") + -tās from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₂emi- from *kelh₂- (“to beat”). Compare the negated incolumis from Proto-Italic *enkalamis, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥kl̥h₂emi-. Cognate with clādēs, Proto-Celtic *klamitos and others.
An old form by l-d-alternation is Old Latin kadamitās.


domus

domus f (irregular, variously declined, genitive domūs or domī); fourth declension, second declension

domūs (genitive)
domī (genitive)
domus (nominative singular)
domūs (nominative plural)
domūs (genitive singular)
domī (genitive singular)
domuum (genitive plural)
domōrum (genitive plural)
domuī (dative singular)
domō (dative singular)
domū (dative singular)
domibus (dative plural)
domum (accusative singular)
domūs (accusative plural)
domōs (accusative plural)
domū (ablative singular)
domō (ablative singular)
domibus (ablative plural)
domus (singular vocative)
domūs (plural vocative)
domī (locative singular)
domibus (locative plural)

Italian: duomo, domo (“cathedral”)

→ Middle French: dome

French: dôme (“cathedral”)

→? Piedmontese: dòm, dom

→? Portuguese: domo

Old French: dom (rare)

Venetan: domo

Sardinian: domu, domo, dommu

Sicilian: domu

q

→ Proto-West Germanic: *dōm (see there for further descendants; some were later influenced by French)

For Proto-Italic *domos, from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm (“house, home”), from root *dem- (“to build”). Cognates include Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos), Albanian dhomë (“a chamber, a room”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬨- (dam-) Sanskrit दम (dáma), Proto-Slavic *domъ and further to English timber. At least indirectly cognate to Latin dominus.
The feminine gender is probably due to the original root noun; attempts to transfer it to the 4th declension are due to 2nd declension feminines being unusual outside of tree names. Some manuscripts of Plautus show forms in dem-; De Vaan (2008) doubts their authenticity.

domī habeō

I have at home, I have in abundance, I am provided with

domum

home, homewards, to the house; adverbial form

domō

from home, out of the house; at home, in the house; adverbial form

extrā domum

placed outside of the house; refers to a possible result of Catholic ecclesiastical legal proceedings when the culprit is removed from being part of a group like a monastery

prō domō

for one’s own home or house; serving the interests of a given perspective or for the benefit of a given group

any dwelling-place or abode (of people or animals)

household, family (the dependants of the head of a house)


amica

la-noun

amīca f (genitive amīcae, masculine amīcus); first declension

amīca (canonical feminine)
amīcae (genitive)
amīcus (masculine)
amīca (nominative singular)
amīcae (nominative plural)
amīcae (genitive singular)
amīcārum (genitive plural)
amīcae (dative singular)
amīcīs (dative plural)
amīcam (accusative singular)
amīcās (accusative plural)
amīcā (ablative singular)
amīcīs (ablative plural)
amīca (singular vocative)
amīcae (plural vocative)

Asturian: amiga

Catalan: amiga

Dalmatian: amaica

Franco-Provençal: amia

French: amie

Friulian: amie

Galician: amiga

Italian: amica

→ Romanian: amică

Old Piedmontese: amia

Piedmontese: amìa

Portuguese: amiga

Romansch: amia

Spanish: amiga

Dilexi tum te non tantum ut uulgus amicam, / sed pater ut gnatos diligit et generos.

c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 72.3–4

I loved you not so much as the common man does his concubine, but as a father loves his children and sons-in-law.


medicus

la-adj

mēdicus (feminine mēdica, neuter mēdicum); first/second-declension adjective

mēdicus (canonical)
mēdica (feminine)
mēdicum (neuter)
mēdicus (masculine nominative singular)
mēdica (feminine nominative singular)
mēdicum (neuter nominative singular)
mēdicī (masculine nominative plural)
mēdicae (feminine nominative plural)
mēdica (neuter nominative plural)
mēdicī (genitive masculine singular)
mēdicae (feminine genitive singular)
mēdicī (genitive neuter singular)
mēdicōrum (genitive masculine plural)
mēdicārum (feminine genitive plural)
mēdicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
mēdicō (dative masculine singular)
mēdicae (dative feminine singular)
mēdicō (dative neuter singular)
mēdicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mēdicum (accusative masculine singular)
mēdicam (accusative feminine singular)
mēdicum (accusative neuter singular)
mēdicōs (accusative masculine plural)
mēdicās (accusative feminine plural)
mēdica (accusative neuter plural)
mēdicō (ablative masculine singular)
mēdicā (ablative feminine singular)
mēdicō (ablative neuter singular)
mēdicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mēdice (masculine singular vocative)
mēdica (feminine singular vocative)
mēdicum (neuter singular vocative)
mēdicī (masculine plural vocative)
mēdicae (feminine plural vocative)
mēdica (neuter plural vocative)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *melica

Catalan: melca, melga

Galician: melga

Spanish: mielga


plectrum

la-noun

plēctrum n (genitive plēctrī); second declension

plēctrum (canonical neuter)
plēctrī (genitive)
plēctrum (nominative singular)
plēctra (nominative plural)
plēctrī (genitive singular)
plēctrōrum (genitive plural)
plēctrō (dative singular)
plēctrīs (dative plural)
plēctrum (accusative singular)
plēctra (accusative plural)
plēctrō (ablative singular)
plēctrīs (ablative plural)
plēctrum (singular vocative)
plēctra (plural vocative)

→ English: plectrum

→ French: plectre

→ German: Plektrum

→ Italian: plettro

→ Portuguese: plectro

→ Spanish: plectro

[ˈpɫ̪eːkt̪rʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πλῆκτρον (plêktron), from πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike, sting”), also analyzable as plēctō + -trum.


telum

tēlum n (genitive tēlī); second declension

tēlum (canonical neuter)
tēlī (genitive)
tēlum (nominative singular)
tēla (nominative plural)
tēlī (genitive singular)
tēlōrum (genitive plural)
tēlō (dative singular)
tēlīs (dative plural)
tēlum (accusative singular)
tēla (accusative plural)
tēlō (ablative singular)
tēlīs (ablative plural)
tēlum (singular vocative)
tēla (plural vocative)

Italian: telo

Vulgar Latin: *tēlāria

Galician: tieira

Spanish: telera

[ˈt̪eːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“beam, stake”) (whence also tignum).

der

Munire urbem, frumentum convehere, tela arma parare.

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 29.4

To strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of weapons and armour.


aes

la-noun

aes n (genitive aeris); third declension

aeris (genitive)
aes (nominative singular)
aera (nominative plural)
aeris (genitive singular)
aerum (genitive plural)
aerī (dative singular)
aeribus (dative plural)
aes (accusative singular)
aera (accusative plural)
aere (ablative singular)
aeribus (ablative plural)
aes (singular vocative)
aera (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *aos, early *ajos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos.
However, cf. Ringe (2017: 311, fn.32) who notes that “an alternative possibility is that [Proto-Germanic *aiz] actually reflects a preform *áys or *h₂áys, as Lat aes must (Michael Weiss, p.c.).”
Cognate with English ore.


ictus

ictus m (genitive ictūs); fourth declension

ictūs (genitive)
ictus (nominative singular)
ictūs (nominative plural)
ictūs (genitive singular)
ictuum (genitive plural)
ictuī (dative singular)
ictibus (dative plural)
ictum (accusative singular)
ictūs (accusative plural)
ictū (ablative singular)
ictibus (ablative plural)
ictus (singular vocative)
ictūs (plural vocative)

Galician: eito, → ictus

→ English: ictus, ictal

Portuguese: eito, → icto

From ī̆cō (“to strike”) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs).


Solomon

la-proper noun

Solomōn m sg (genitive Solomōnis); third declension

Solomōn (canonical masculine singular)
Solomōnis (genitive)
Solomōn (nominative singular)
Solomōnis (genitive singular)
Solomōnī (dative singular)
Solomōnem (accusative singular)
Solomōne (ablative singular)
Solomōn (singular vocative)

→ English: Solomon

[ˈs̠ɔɫ̪ɔmoːn]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σολομών (Solomṓn), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁלֹמֹה (šĕlōmōʰ), from שָׁלוֹם (šālōm, “peace”).


spes

la-noun

spēs f (genitive speī); fifth declension

spēs (canonical feminine)
speī (genitive)
spēs (nominative singular)
spēs (nominative plural)
speī (genitive singular)
spērum (genitive plural)
speī (dative singular)
spēbus (dative plural)
spem (accusative singular)
spēs (accusative plural)
spē (ablative singular)
spēbus (ablative plural)
spēs (singular vocative)
spēs (plural vocative)

Italian: spene, speme (the latter infl. by Latin)

→ Dutch: in spe

→ German: in spe

From Proto-Italic *spēs, from Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁s (“prosperity”), from *speh₁- (“to succeed, prosper”).

Dum anima est, spēs est.

As long as there is life, there is hope.

hope (belief or expectation that something wished for can or will happen)

ab initio Faustulo spes fuerat regiam stirpem apud se educari

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.5

From the beginning there was an expectation for Faustulus that he was bringing up the children of the royal blood

expectation, anticipation, apprehension (act or state of looking forward to an event as about to happen)


scelus

scelus n (genitive sceleris); third declension

sceleris (genitive)
scelus (nominative singular)
scelera (nominative plural)
sceleris (genitive singular)
scelerum (genitive plural)
scelerī (dative singular)
sceleribus (dative plural)
scelus (accusative singular)
scelera (accusative plural)
scelere (ablative singular)
sceleribus (ablative plural)
scelus (singular vocative)
scelera (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠kɛɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *skelos, from Proto-Indo-European *skelos (“curve, bending”), from *(s)kel- (“to curve, bend”). This etymology presupposes a semantic shift from "crooked" to "wicked, bad". Cognate with Proto-Germanic *skelhaz (whence Dutch scheel, German scheel), Ancient Greek σκέλος (skélos), σκολιός (skoliós).

der

rēgia rēs scelus est. socerō cape rēgna necātō
et nostrās patriō sanguine tinge manūs.
“Villainy is a deed worthy for kings. With [your] father-in-law having been killed, seize [his] kingdom, and stain [both] our hands with [my] father’s blood!”
(Tullia Minor goads her husband, Lucius Tarquinius, to murder her father, King Servius Tullius. The ablative absolute “socerō necātō” could be translated as “when [you] have killed [your] father-in-law,” or perhaps understood as an imperative: “Kill [your] father-in-law.”)


pecunia

la-noun

pecūnia f (genitive pecūniae); first declension

pecūnia (canonical feminine)
pecūniae (genitive)
pecūnia (nominative singular)
pecūniae (nominative plural)
pecūniae (genitive singular)
pecūniārum (genitive plural)
pecūniae (dative singular)
pecūniīs (dative plural)
pecūniam (accusative singular)
pecūniās (accusative plural)
pecūniā (ablative singular)
pecūniīs (ablative plural)
pecūnia (singular vocative)
pecūniae (plural vocative)

>? Aromanian: picunjiu, picunj

→ Friulian: pecugne

→ Ido: pekunio

→ Italian: pecunia

→ Portuguese: pecúnia

→ Romanian: pecunie

→ Spanish: pecunia

From an unattested adjective *pecūnus "having cattle" plus -ia, the first from pecū (“cattle”) + -nus.

(figuratively) cash, ready money, liquid wealth


civitas

cīvitās f (genitive cīvitātis); third declension

cīvitās (canonical feminine)
cīvitātis (genitive)
cīvitās (nominative singular)
cīvitātēs (nominative plural)
cīvitātis (genitive singular)
cīvitātum (genitive plural)
cīvitātium (genitive plural)
cīvitātī (dative singular)
cīvitātibus (dative plural)
cīvitātem (accusative singular)
cīvitātēs (accusative plural)
cīvitāte (ablative singular)
cīvitātibus (ablative plural)
cīvitās (singular vocative)
cīvitātēs (plural vocative)

la-ndecl

The genitive plural in -um is the etymologically expected one as well as the more frequent.

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: tsitati

Istro-Romanian: četåte

Romanian: cetate

Dalmatian:

cituot

Italo-Romance:

desctree

Italian: città, cittade (archaic)
→ Sardinian: tzitade
→ Slavomolisano: čita

Neapolitan: cità, cetate

Sicilian: cità, citati

Padanian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: çittæ

Lombard: çitâ, citâ

Piedmontese: sità

Friulian: citât

Istriot: sità

Ladin: zità

Romansch: citad

Venetan: sità

Gallo-Romance: (see there for further descendants)

Old Catalan: ciutat

Old French: citet

Old Occitan: ciutat

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: ciudat, çiudat, ciudad
Aragonese: ciudat

Old Galician-Portuguese: cidade, çibdade
Galician: cidade, Cidá (toponym)
Portuguese: cidade

Old Leonese: ciubdad
Asturian: ciodá, ciudá
Leonese: ciudá
Mirandese: cidade

Old Spanish: cibdat, çibdad, cipdad, cipdat
Ladino: sivdad
Spanish: ciudad (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

⇒ Sardinian: Sa Chitade

Borrowings:

→ English: civitas

→ Proto-Albanian: [Term?]

Albanian: qytet

→ Proto-Brythonic: *kiwdọd (see there for further descendants)

[ˈkiːu̯ɪt̪äːs̠]

From earlier ceivitās, from Proto-Italic *keiwitāts. Equivalent to cīvis (“citizen”) + -tās.

(Classical Latin) the state, body politic, citizens of a territory (collectively)

(Classical Latin, metonymically) a city and all external territory (thus distinguished from urbs)

His diebus Langobardi Italia invaserunt, Vincentiam Veronamque et reliquas Venetiarum civitates coepit, et per tres annos Ticino possedit.

In those days that the Lombards invaded Italy, he began Vincentia & Verona and the rest of the Venetian cities, and possessed Ticino for three years.

(Medieval Latin) a city: a major, biblical, or specially incorporated town, particularly cathedral cities

(Medieval Latin) a borough: a walled settlement, sometimes particularly former Roman towns

(Ecclesiastical Latin) either the Church or Heaven


nosco

la-verb

nōscō (present infinitive nōscere, perfect active nōvī, supine nōtum); third conjugation

nōscō (canonical)
nōscere (infinitive present)
nōvī (active perfect)
nōtum (supine)
nōscō (active first-person indicative present singular)
nōscis (active indicative present second-person singular)
nōscit (active indicative present singular third-person)
nōscimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
nōscitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
nōscunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
nōscēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nōscēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nōscēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nōscēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nōscēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
nōscēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nōscam (active first-person future indicative singular)
nōscēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
nōscet (active future indicative singular third-person)
nōscēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
nōscētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
nōscent (active future indicative plural third-person)
nōvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
nōvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
nōstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
nōvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
nōvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
nōmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
nōvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
nōstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
nōvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōrunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
nōram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
nōverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
nōrās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
nōverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
nōrat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
nōverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
nōrāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
nōverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
nōrātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
nōverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
nōrant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
nōverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
nōrō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
nōveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
nōris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
nōverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
nōrit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
nōverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
nōrimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
nōveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
nōritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
nōverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōrint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōscor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
nōsceris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
nōscere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
nōscitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
nōscimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
nōsciminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
nōscuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
nōscēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
nōscēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
nōscēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
nōscēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
nōscēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
nōscēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
nōscēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
nōscar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
nōscēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
nōscēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
nōscētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
nōscēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
nōscēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
nōscentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
nōtus + future active indicative of sum (future indicative passive perfect)
nōscam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
nōscās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
nōscat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
nōscāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
nōscātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
nōscant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
nōscerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
nōscerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōsceret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōscerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nōscerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōscerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
nōrim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
nōverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōrīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōrit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
nōrīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
nōverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōrītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōrint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
nōssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
nōvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
nōssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
nōvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōscar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
nōscāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
nōscāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
nōscātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
nōscāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
nōscāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
nōscantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
nōscerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
nōscerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nōscerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nōscerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nōscerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
nōscerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nōscerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nōsce (active imperative present second-person singular)
nōscite (active imperative plural present second-person)
nōscitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
nōscitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
nōscitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
nōscuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
nōscere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
nōsciminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
nōscitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
nōscitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
nōscuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
nōscere (active infinitive present)
nōvisse (active infinitive perfect)
nōsse (active infinitive perfect)
nōtūrum esse (active future infinitive)
nōscī (infinitive passive present)
nōtum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
nōtum īrī (future infinitive passive)
nōscēns (active participle present)
nōtūrus (active future participle)
nōtus (participle passive perfect)
nōscendus (future participle passive)
nōscundus (future participle passive)
nōscendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
nōscendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
nōscendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
nōscendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
nōtum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
nōtū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti
Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti
Proto-Italic *gnōskō
Latin nōscō
From earlier gnōscō, from Proto-Italic *gnōskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti.

etymon

nōscō

Respondens autem spiritus nequam dixit eis, Iesum novi et Paulum scio, vos autem qui estis?

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Acta Apostolorum.19.15

A wicked spirit replied to them, "I acknowledge Jesus, and I know Paul, but who are all of you?

(Late Latin, Christianity, in the perfect) to acknowledge, submit to (God)


exercitus

la-noun

exercitus m (genitive exercitūs); fourth declension

exercitūs (genitive)
exercitus (nominative singular)
exercitūs (nominative plural)
exercitūs (genitive singular)
exercituum (genitive plural)
exercituī (dative singular)
exercitibus (dative plural)
exercitum (accusative singular)
exercitūs (accusative plural)
exercitū (ablative singular)
exercitibus (ablative plural)
exercitus (singular vocative)
exercitūs (plural vocative)

Asturian: exércitu

Catalan: exèrcit

Friulian: esercit

→ Galician: exército

Italian: esercito

Piedmontese: esèrcit

→ Portuguese: exército

Sardinian: esértzitu

Sicilian: esèrcitu

Old Spanish: exército

Spanish: ejército

Ladino: exército (איגזירסיטו)

From exerceō (“to occupy oneself, oversee; work at, practice, exercise”) + -tus (action noun forming suffix).

affix

Dīmīsitque eōs, et perrēxērunt ad locum īnsidiārum, sēdēruntque inter Bethel et Hāī, ad occidentālem plāgam urbis Hāī: Jōsue autem nocte illā in mediō mānsit populī, surgēnsque dīlūculō recēnsuit sociōs, et ascendit cum seniōribus in fronte exercitūs, vāllātus auxiliō pugnātōrum.

4th century AD, St. Jerome, Vulgate, Book of Joshua 8.9–10, (Trans. Douay-Rheims Bible, Challoner rev. Link to Josue (Joshua) Chapter 8 in parallel Latin Vulgate & English Douay-Rheims)

And he sent them away, and they went on to the place of the ambush, and abode between Bethel and Hai, on the west side of the city of Hai. But Josue stayed that night in the midst of the people, And rising early in the morning, he mustered his soldiers, and went up with the ancients in the front of the army environed with the aid of the fighting men.

an exercised, disciplined body of men, an army


inv.

(printing, art) Abbreviation of invēnit.


dives

la-adj

dīves (genitive dīvitis, comparative dīvitior, superlative dīvitissimus); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)

dīves (canonical)
dīvitis (genitive)
dīvitior (comparative)
dīvitissimus (superlative)
dīves (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
dīvitēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
dīvitis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
dīvitum (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
dīvitī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
dīvitibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
dīvitem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
dīves (accusative neuter singular)
dīvitēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
dīvite (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
dīvitibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
dīves (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
dīvitēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)

[ˈd̪iːu̯ɛs̠]

From Proto-Indo-European *deywós, the same source as deus (“god”) and dīvus (“divine”). Originally meaning "favored by the gods, blessed, divine".


nata

la-noun

nāta f (genitive nātae); first declension

nāta (canonical feminine)
nātae (genitive)
nāta (nominative singular)
nātae (nominative plural)
nātae (genitive singular)
nātārum (genitive plural)
nātae (dative singular)
nātīs (dative plural)
nātam (accusative singular)
nātās (accusative plural)
nātā (ablative singular)
nātīs (ablative plural)
nāta (singular vocative)
nātae (plural vocative)

Spanish: nada


neco

la-verb

necō (present infinitive necāre, perfect active necāvī, supine necātum); first conjugation

necō (canonical)
necāre (infinitive present)
necāvī (active perfect)
necātum (supine)
necō (active first-person indicative present singular)
necās (active indicative present second-person singular)
necat (active indicative present singular third-person)
necāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
necātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
necant (active indicative plural present third-person)
necābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
necābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
necābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
necābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
necābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
necābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
necābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
necābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
necābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
necābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
necābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
necābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
necāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
necāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
necāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
necāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
necāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
necāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
necāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
necārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
necāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
necāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
necāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
necārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
necāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
necārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
necāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
necārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
necāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
necārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
necāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
necārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
necāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
necārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
necāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
necāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
necārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
necāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
necārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
necāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
necāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
necārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
necor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
necāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
necāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
necātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
necāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
necāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
necantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
necābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
necābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
necābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
necābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
necābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
necābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
necābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
necābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
necāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
necābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
necābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
necābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
necābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
necābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
necem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
necēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
necet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
necēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
necētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
necent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
necārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
necārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
necārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
necārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
necāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
necārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
necāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
necāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
necāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
necāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
necāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
necāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
necāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
necāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
necer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
necēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
necēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
necētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
necēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
necēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
necentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
necārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
necārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
necārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
necārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
necārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
necārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
necārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
necā (active imperative present second-person singular)
necāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
necātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
necātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
necātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
necantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
necāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
necāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
necātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
necātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
necantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
necāre (active infinitive present)
necāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
necāsse (active infinitive perfect)
necātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
necārī (infinitive passive present)
necātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
necātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
necāns (active participle present)
necātūrus (active future participle)
necātus (participle passive perfect)
necandus (future participle passive)
necandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
necandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
necandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
necandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
necātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
necātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: nec, nicari

Megleno-Romanian: nec, nicari

Romanian: îneca, înecare, neca

Italo-Romance:

Italian: annegare

Neapolitan: anneà

Sicilian: annigari, annijari

North Italian:

Ligurian: negâ

Lombard: negar, negà

Piedmontese: nié, nijé

Venetan: negar

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: noiier, noier

French: noyer

Anglo-Norman: neier

Norman: néyaer

Picard: noéïer

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: negar

desc

Occitan: negar, nejar (northern), neiar (Vivaro-Alpine)

Ibero-Romance:

Portuguese: anegar

Spanish: anegar

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: annegare, annegai

From nec- + -ō (denominative verb suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“perish, disappear”).
See also noxius (“harmful”), noceō (“I hurt, harm”), nex (“murder, violent death”) (as opposed to mors), as well as Middle Welsh angheu (“death”), Breton ankou, Old Irish éc, Ancient Greek νέκυς (nékus, “a dead body”) and νεκρός (nekrós, “dead”), Old Persian 𐎻𐎴𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎹 (vi-n-θ-y-t-y /vi-nathayatiy/, “he injures”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nasiieⁱti, “disappears”), 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬎- (nasu-, “corpse”), Sanskrit नश्यति (naśyati, “to disappear, perish”).

cog

aliquem igni necare

aliquem ferro necare

to kill, murder (especially without physical wounding such as by poison or hunger)


rapio

la-verb

rapiō (present infinitive rapere, perfect active rapuī, supine raptum); third conjugation iō-variant

rapiō (canonical)
rapere (infinitive present)
rapuī (active perfect)
raptum (supine)
rapiō (active first-person indicative present singular)
rapis (active indicative present second-person singular)
rapit (active indicative present singular third-person)
rapimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
rapitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
rapiunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
rapiēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rapiēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rapiēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rapiēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rapiēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rapiēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rapiam (active first-person future indicative singular)
rapiēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
rapiet (active future indicative singular third-person)
rapiēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
rapiētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
rapient (active future indicative plural third-person)
rapuī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
rapuistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
rapuit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
rapuimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
rapuistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
rapuērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
rapuēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
rapueram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
rapuerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
rapuerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
rapuerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
rapuerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
rapuerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
rapuerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
rapueris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
rapuerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
rapuerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
rapueritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
rapuerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
rapsō (active first-person future sigmatic singular)
rapsis (active future second-person sigmatic singular)
rapsit (active future sigmatic singular third-person)
rapsimus (active first-person future plural sigmatic)
rapsitis (active future plural second-person sigmatic)
rapsint (active future plural sigmatic third-person)
rapior (first-person indicative passive present singular)
raperis (indicative passive present second-person singular)
rapere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
rapitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
rapimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
rapiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
rapiuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
rapiēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
rapiēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
rapiēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
rapiēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
rapiēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
rapiēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
rapiēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
rapiar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
rapiēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
rapiēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
rapiētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
rapiēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
rapiēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
rapientur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
rapiam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
rapiās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
rapiat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
rapiāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
rapiātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
rapiant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
raperem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
raperēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
raperet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
raperēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
raperētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
raperent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rapuerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
rapuerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rapuerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rapuerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
rapuerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rapuerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rapuissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
rapuissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rapuisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rapuissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
rapuissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rapuissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rapsim (active aorist first-person sigmatic singular)
rapsīs (active aorist second-person sigmatic singular)
rapsīt (active aorist sigmatic singular third-person)
rapsīmus (active aorist first-person plural sigmatic)
rapsītis (active aorist plural second-person sigmatic)
rapsint (active aorist plural sigmatic third-person)
rapiar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
rapiāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
rapiāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
rapiātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
rapiāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
rapiāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
rapiantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
raperer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
raperēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
raperēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
raperētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
raperēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
raperēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
raperentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
rape (active imperative present second-person singular)
rapite (active imperative plural present second-person)
rapitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
rapitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
rapitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
rapiuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
rapere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
rapiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
rapitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
rapitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
rapiuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
rapere (active infinitive present)
rapuisse (active infinitive perfect)
raptūrum esse (active future infinitive)
rapī (infinitive passive present)
raptum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
raptum īrī (future infinitive passive)
rapiēns (active participle present)
raptūrus (active future participle)
raptus (participle passive perfect)
rapiendus (future participle passive)
rapiundus (future participle passive)
rapiendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
rapiendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
rapiendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
rapiendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
raptum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
raptū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Aromanian: arachiu, arãchescu, arãchiri

Catalan: rapir, raptar

Italian: rapire

Old Catalan: rabir

Old French: ravir

→ English: ravish

French: ravir

Old Spanish: rabir

Piedmontese: rapì

Occitan: rabir

Romanian: răpi, răpire

→ English: rape

→ Portuguese: raptar

→ Spanish: raptar, rapiña

to snatch, grab, carry off, abduct, rape, steal


aula

la-noun

aula f (genitive aulae); first declension

aulae (genitive)
aula (nominative singular)
aulae (nominative plural)
aulae (genitive singular)
aulārum (genitive plural)
aulae (dative singular)
aulīs (dative plural)
aulam (accusative singular)
aulās (accusative plural)
aulā (ablative singular)
aulīs (ablative plural)
aula (singular vocative)
aulae (plural vocative)

Catalan: aula

→ Dutch: aula

→ English: aula

→ Finnish: aula

Galician: aula

Italian: aula

→ German: Aula

→ Polish: aula

Portuguese: aula

→ Romanian: aulă

Sicilian: aula

Spanish: aula

From Ancient Greek αὐλή (aulḗ, “courtyard”).


iubeo

la-verb

iubeō (present infinitive iubēre, perfect active iussī, supine iussum); second conjugation

iubeō (canonical)
iubēre (infinitive present)
iussī (active perfect)
iussum (supine)
iubeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
iubēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
iubet (active indicative present singular third-person)
iubēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
iubētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
iubent (active indicative plural present third-person)
iubēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
iubēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
iubēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
iubēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
iubēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
iubēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
iubēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
iubēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
iubēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
iubēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
iubēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
iubēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
iussī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
iussistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
iussit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
iussimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
iussistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
iussērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
iussēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
iusseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
iusserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
iusserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
iusserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
iusserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
iusserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
iusserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
iusseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
iusserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
iusserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
iusseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
iusserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
iussō (active first-person future sigmatic singular)
iussis (active future second-person sigmatic singular)
iussit (active future sigmatic singular third-person)
iussimus (active first-person future plural sigmatic)
iussitis (active future plural second-person sigmatic)
iussint (active future plural sigmatic third-person)
iubeor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
iubēris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
iubēre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
iubētur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
iubēmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
iubēminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
iubentur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
iubēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
iubēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
iubēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
iubēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
iubēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
iubēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
iubēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
iubēbor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
iubēberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
iubēbere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
iubēbitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
iubēbimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
iubēbiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
iubēbuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
iussor (first-person future passive sigmatic singular)
iusseris (future passive second-person sigmatic singular)
iussitur (future passive sigmatic singular third-person)
iubeam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
iubeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
iubeat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
iubeāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
iubeātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
iubeant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
iubērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
iubērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
iubēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
iubērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
iubērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
iubērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
iusserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
iusserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
iusserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
iusserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
iusserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
iusserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
iussissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
iussissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
iussisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
iussissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
iussissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
iussissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
iussim (active aorist first-person sigmatic singular)
iussīs (active aorist second-person sigmatic singular)
iussīt (active aorist sigmatic singular third-person)
iussīmus (active aorist first-person plural sigmatic)
iussītis (active aorist plural second-person sigmatic)
iussint (active aorist plural sigmatic third-person)
iubear (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
iubeāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
iubeāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
iubeātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
iubeāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
iubeāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
iubeantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
iubērer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
iubērēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
iubērēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
iubērētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
iubērēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
iubērēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
iubērentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
iubē (active imperative present second-person singular)
iubēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
iubētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
iubētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
iubētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
iubentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
iubēre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
iubēminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
iubētor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
iubētor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
iubentor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
iubēre (active infinitive present)
iussisse (active infinitive perfect)
iussūrum esse (active future infinitive)
iubērī (infinitive passive present)
iussum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
iussum īrī (future infinitive passive)
iubēns (active participle present)
iussūrus (active future participle)
iussus (participle passive perfect)
iubendus (future participle passive)
iubendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
iubendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
iubendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
iubendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
iussum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
iussū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Italian: iubere

From Old Latin ioubeō, from Proto-Italic *jouðeō, from earlier *jouðejō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyowdʰ-éye-ti, causative of Proto-Indo-European *Hyewdʰ- (“move upright”), likely an extension of *h₂ey- (“life, age”). Indirectly cognate with iūrō and iūs, aevum and iūgis, and possibly with imitor and imāgō.

der

MESS. Sic sine igitur, si tuom negas me esse, abire liberum.
MEN. Mea quidem hercle causa liber esto atque ito quo voles.
MESS. Nempe iubes?

c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Menaechmi 1028–1030

MESS. Very well then, sir, if you say I'm not yours, let me go free.
MEN. Lord, man, be free so far as I am concerned, and go where you like.
MESS. So you authorize me, indeed?
MEN. Lord, yes I authorize it, if I am supposed to decide over you.

MEN. Iubeo hercle, si quid imperi est in te mihi.

(Old Latin, Classical Latin) to authorize, to legitimate, to make lawful, to homologate, to pass (a bill or law or decision)


divitiae

la-noun

dīvitiae f pl (genitive dīvitiārum); first declension

dīvitiae (canonical feminine plural)
dīvitiārum (genitive)
dīvitiae (nominative plural)
dīvitiārum (genitive plural)
dīvitiīs (dative plural)
dīvitiās (accusative plural)
dīvitiīs (ablative plural)
dīvitiae (plural vocative)

[d̪iːˈu̯ɪt̪iäe̯]

aliī summum bonum esse nihilō indigēre crēdentēs ut dīvitiīs affluant ēlabōrant.

524 CE, Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy 3.2p

Some, thinking that the greatest good is to lack nothing, belabour to abound in riches.


provincia

prōvincia f (genitive prōvinciae); first declension

prōvincia (canonical feminine)
prōvinciae (genitive)
prōvincia (nominative singular)
prōvinciae (nominative plural)
prōvinciae (genitive singular)
prōvinciārum (genitive plural)
prōvinciae (dative singular)
prōvinciīs (dative plural)
prōvinciam (accusative singular)
prōvinciās (accusative plural)
prōvinciā (ablative singular)
prōvinciīs (ablative plural)
prōvincia (singular vocative)
prōvinciae (plural vocative)

Lombard: proìnsa

→ Asturian: provincia

→ Catalan: província

→ Italian: provincia

→ Sicilian: pruvincia

→ Middle Dutch: provincie

desctree

Dutch: provincie
Afrikaans: provinsie
→ Malay: provinsi
Indonesian: provinsi
→ Acehnese: propinsi

Limburgish: provinsje

→ Middle High German: provincie

German: Provinz
→ Danish: provins
→ Norwegian: provins
→ Swedish: provins

Yiddish: פּראָווינץ (provints)

→ Old French: province, provinz, pruvince
Middle French: province
French: province
→ Middle English: provynce, provynse, province, provyns
English: province
Tok Pisin: provins
Scots: province
Norman: provînche, provinche (continental Norman)

→ Polish: prowincja
→ Russian: провинция (provincija)

Old Galician-Portuguese: provincia

Galician: provincia

→ Portuguese: província

→ Romanian: provincie

→ Spanish: provincia
> Chavacano: provincia (inherited)
→ Basque: probintzia
→ Bikol Central: probinsya
→ Cebuano: probinsiya
→ Hiligaynon: probinsya
→ Ilocano: probinsia
→ Kapampangan: probinsia
→ Tagalog: probinsiya

→ Sardinian: provìntzia

Old Occitan: Proensa

Catalan: Provença

Occitan: Provença, Prouvènço (Mistralian)
→ French: Provence
→ English: Provence
→ Italian: Provenza

Old Galician-Portuguese: Proença

Galician: Provenza

Portuguese: Provença

Seemingly from a Proto-Italic *prōwinkjō (“load, burden, charge”) corresponding to prō- and vinciō.

inh

utramque provinciam remitto


volumen

la-noun

volūmen n (genitive volūminis); third declension

volūmen (canonical neuter)
volūminis (genitive)
volūmen (nominative singular)
volūmina (nominative plural)
volūminis (genitive singular)
volūminum (genitive plural)
volūminī (dative singular)
volūminibus (dative plural)
volūmen (accusative singular)
volūmina (accusative plural)
volūmine (ablative singular)
volūminibus (ablative plural)
volūmen (singular vocative)
volūmina (plural vocative)

Asturian: valume, volume

Albanian: vëllim

Catalan: volum

Danish: volumen

Galician: volume

Italian: volume

→ Old French: volume

French: volume

→ English: volume

Polish: wolumen

Serbo-Croatian: volumen

Spanish: volumen

Portuguese: volume

[u̯ɔˈɫ̪uːmɛn]

For *volvimen, *volvumen, from volvō (“roll, turn about”) + -men (noun-forming suffix); hence literally "a thing that is rolled".


civis

la-noun

cīvis m or f (genitive cīvis); third declension

cīvis (canonical feminine masculine)
cīvis (genitive)
cīvis (nominative singular)
cīvēs (nominative plural)
cīvis (genitive singular)
cīvium (genitive plural)
cīvī (dative singular)
cīvibus (dative plural)
cīvem (accusative singular)
cīvēs (accusative plural)
cīvīs (accusative plural)
cīve (ablative singular)
cīvī (ablative singular)
cīvibus (ablative plural)
cīvis (singular vocative)
cīvēs (plural vocative)

→ Italian: cive (learned)

desc

from Old Latin <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">ceivis</i>

→ Oscan: ceus (from Old Latin ceivis)

From Old Latin ceivis, from Proto-Italic *keiwis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to settle, be lying down”).

der

(by extension) a subject (i.e., a person subject to a ruler)


tiro

la-noun

tīrō m (genitive tīrōnis); third declension

tīrō (canonical masculine)
tīrōnis (genitive)
tīrō (nominative singular)
tīrōnēs (nominative plural)
tīrōnis (genitive singular)
tīrōnum (genitive plural)
tīrōnī (dative singular)
tīrōnibus (dative plural)
tīrōnem (accusative singular)
tīrōnēs (accusative plural)
tīrōne (ablative singular)
tīrōnibus (ablative plural)
tīrō (singular vocative)
tīrōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: tiró (learned)

→ Italian: tirone (learned)


cervus

cervus m (genitive cervī); second declension

cervī (genitive)
cervus (nominative singular)
cervī (nominative plural)
cervī (genitive singular)
cervōrum (genitive plural)
cervō (dative singular)
cervīs (dative plural)
cervum (accusative singular)
cervōs (accusative plural)
cervō (ablative singular)
cervīs (ablative plural)
cerve (singular vocative)
cervī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: tserbu

Megleno-Romanian: țerb

Romanian: cerb

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: çervo

Lombard: cèrf

Venetan: cervo

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: cèrf

Old French: cerf

French: cerf

Picard: cherfe

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: cervo

Catalan: cervo

Old Occitan:

Occitan: cèrvi

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: cierf

Ladin: cerf

Romansch: tschierv

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: ciervu

Old Galician-Portuguese: cervo

Galician: cervo

Portuguese: cervo

Old Spanish:

Spanish: ciervo

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: cervu

Gallurese: celvu

Italian: cervo

Sassarese: zèivu

Sicilian: cervu

Sardinian:

Campidanese: cerbu

Logudorese: chervu

Nuorese: chervu

Borrowings:

→ Dutch: cerviduct

→ Esperanto: cervo

From Proto-Italic *kerwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂wós, from *ḱerh₂- (“horn”) (whence English horn, hirn, Latin cornū (“horn”)) + *-wós (whence Latin -vus).
Cognate with Welsh carw (“deer”), Greek κεραός (keraós, “horned”). The first-syllable e was likely taken from the PIE root noun *ḱerh₂s (“horn”) (itself eventually lost in Latin), while the shift in meaning from 'horned' to 'deer' may be common Italo-Celtic.


elogium

ēlogium n (genitive ēlogiī or ēlogī); second declension

ēlogium (canonical neuter)
ēlogiī (genitive)
ēlogī (genitive)
ēlogium (nominative singular)
ēlogia (nominative plural)
ēlogiī (genitive singular)
ēlogī (genitive singular)
ēlogiōrum (genitive plural)
ēlogiō (dative singular)
ēlogiīs (dative plural)
ēlogium (accusative singular)
ēlogia (accusative plural)
ēlogiō (ablative singular)
ēlogiīs (ablative plural)
ēlogium (singular vocative)
ēlogia (plural vocative)

Catalan: elogi

→ English: elogium

French: éloge

Galician: eloxio

Italian: elogio

Portuguese: elogio

Spanish: elogio

[eːˈɫ̪ɔɡiʊ̃ˑ]

Blend of of Ancient Greek ἐλεγεῖον (elegeîon, “an elegiac distich”) and ē (“out”) + λόγιον (lógion, “the word of an oracle”).

bor

(law) judicial statement, extract, summary

short saying or sentence:
judicial statement, extract, summary


recuso

la-verb

recūsō (present infinitive recūsāre, perfect active recūsāvī, supine recūsātum); first conjugation

recūsō (canonical)
recūsāre (infinitive present)
recūsāvī (active perfect)
recūsātum (supine)
recūsō (active first-person indicative present singular)
recūsās (active indicative present second-person singular)
recūsat (active indicative present singular third-person)
recūsāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
recūsātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
recūsant (active indicative plural present third-person)
recūsābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
recūsābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
recūsābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
recūsābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
recūsābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
recūsābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
recūsābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
recūsābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
recūsābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
recūsābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
recūsābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
recūsābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
recūsāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
recūsāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
recūsāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
recūsāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
recūsāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
recūsāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
recūsāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
recūsāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
recūsāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
recūsāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
recūsāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
recūsārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
recūsāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
recūsāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
recūsāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
recūsārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
recūsāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
recūsārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
recūsāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
recūsārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
recūsāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
recūsārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
recūsāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
recūsārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
recūsāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
recūsārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
recūsāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
recūsāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
recūsāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
recūsārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
recūsāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
recūsārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
recūsāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
recūsāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
recūsāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
recūsārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
recūsor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
recūsāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
recūsāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
recūsātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
recūsāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
recūsāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
recūsantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
recūsābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
recūsābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
recūsābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
recūsābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
recūsābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
recūsābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
recūsābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
recūsābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
recūsāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
recūsābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
recūsābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
recūsābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
recūsābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
recūsābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
recūsem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
recūsēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
recūset (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
recūsētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
recūsent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
recūsārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
recūsārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
recūsārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
recūsārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recūsāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
recūsārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
recūsāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
recūsārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
recūsāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
recūsārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
recūsāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recūsārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recūsāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
recūsāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
recūsāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
recūsāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
recūsāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
recūsāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
recūsāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recūsāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recūser (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
recūsēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
recūsēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
recūsentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
recūsārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
recūsārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
recūsārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
recūsārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
recūsārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
recūsārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
recūsā (active imperative present second-person singular)
recūsāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
recūsātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
recūsātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
recūsātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
recūsantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
recūsāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
recūsāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
recūsātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
recūsātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
recūsantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
recūsāre (active infinitive present)
recūsāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
recūsāsse (active infinitive perfect)
recūsātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
recūsārī (infinitive passive present)
recūsātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
recūsātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
recūsāns (active participle present)
recūsātūrus (active future participle)
recūsātus (participle passive perfect)
recūsandus (future participle passive)
recūsandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
recūsandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
recūsandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
recūsandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
recūsātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
recūsātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: recusar

Old French: reüsier

French: ruser

→ Old French: recuser

→ Middle English: recusen

English: recuse

→ French: récuser

Anglo-Norman: reuser, ruser

desctree

→ Middle English: rousen
English: rouse
Yola: rooze

Galician: recusar

Italian: ricusare

Portuguese: recusar

Romanian: recuza

Spanish: recusar


Lucas

la-proper noun

Lūcās m sg (genitive Lūcae); first declension

Lūcās (canonical masculine singular)
Lūcae (genitive)
Lūcās (nominative singular)
Lūcae (genitive singular)
Lūcae (dative singular)
Lūcān (accusative singular)
Lūcā (ablative singular)
Lūcā (singular vocative)

→ Aromanian: Luca (learned)

→ Catalan: Lluc (learned)

→ English: Lucas

→ French: Luc (learned)

→ Irish: Lúcás

→ German: Lukas

→ Italian: Luca (learned)

→ Portuguese: Lucas (learned)

→ Romanian: Luca (learned)

→ Spanish: Lucas (learned)

[ˈɫ̪uːkäːs̠]


maximus

maxima (feminine)
maximum (neuter)
magnus (positive)
maximus (masculine nominative singular)
maxima (feminine nominative singular)
maximum (neuter nominative singular)
maximī (masculine nominative plural)
maximae (feminine nominative plural)
maxima (neuter nominative plural)
maximī (genitive masculine singular)
maximae (feminine genitive singular)
maximī (genitive neuter singular)
maximōrum (genitive masculine plural)
maximārum (feminine genitive plural)
maximōrum (genitive neuter plural)
maximō (dative masculine singular)
maximae (dative feminine singular)
maximō (dative neuter singular)
maximīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
maximum (accusative masculine singular)
maximam (accusative feminine singular)
maximum (accusative neuter singular)
maximōs (accusative masculine plural)
maximās (accusative feminine plural)
maxima (accusative neuter plural)
maximō (ablative masculine singular)
maximā (ablative feminine singular)
maximō (ablative neuter singular)
maximīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
maxime (masculine singular vocative)
maxima (feminine singular vocative)
maximum (neuter singular vocative)
maximī (masculine plural vocative)
maximae (feminine plural vocative)
maxima (neuter plural vocative)
maximī (locative masculine singular)
maximae (feminine locative singular)
maximī (locative neuter singular)
maximīs (feminine locative masculine neuter plural)

Old French: maisme

Old Francorprovençal: maimamen, maymament, *maismament

Franco-Provençal: maîmament

⇒ Piedmontese: meimament

→ English: maximum

→ French: maximum

→ Italian: massimo

→ Portuguese: máximo

→ Romanian: maxim

→ Spanish: máximo

From Proto-Italic *magisəmos, from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“great”).

uti optimae maximaeque sunt (aedēs)

the building is free from any encumberance

Superlative degree of magnus: greatest (in various senses):


plebs

la-noun

The non-i-stem variant is found in Medieval Latin.

plēbs f (genitive plēbis); third declension

plēbs (canonical feminine)
plēbis (genitive)
plēbs (nominative singular)
plēbēs (nominative singular)
plēbēs (nominative plural)
plēbis (genitive singular)
plēbium (genitive plural)
plēbum (genitive plural)
plēbī (dative singular)
plēbibus (dative plural)
plēbem (accusative singular)
plēbēs (accusative plural)
plēbīs (accusative plural)
plēbe (ablative singular)
plēbibus (ablative plural)
plēbs (singular vocative)
plēbēs (singular vocative)
plēbēs (plural vocative)

Emilian: pev

Friulian: plef, plêv

Italian: pieve

Ladin: plief, plieu, pieue, plié

Ligurian: chieve

Old Occitan: pleu

Piedmontese: piev

Romansch: plaif, plaiv

Venetan: piove

Friulian: plevan

Italian: piovano

Ladin: pluvan, ploan

Piedmontese: piovan

Romansch: plevon, plavan

Venetan: plavan (Muggia)

desctree

→ Proto-Brythonic: *pluɨβ (from the plural)
Breton: ploue
Cornish: pluw
Middle Welsh: plwyf
Welsh: plwyf

→ Catalan: plebs

→ English: plebs, pleb

→ French: plèbe

→ Romanian: plebe

desc

→ Greek: πληβείος (pliveíos), πληβεία f (pliveía)

→ Icelandic: plebbi

→ Italian: plebe

→ Polish: plebs

→ Portuguese: plebe

→ Spanish: plebe

From Old Latin plēbēs, from Proto-Italic *plēðwēs (whence Oscan 𐌐𐌋𐌝𐌚𐌓𐌉𐌊𐌔 (plífriks, “plebeian”, nom. sg.) via *plēðros), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁dʰwḗh₁s ~ *pl̥h₁dʰuh₁és (whence Ancient Greek πληθῡ́ς (plēthū́s, “crowd”)) from *pleh₁- (“fill”), whence pleō. See also populus.

inh

aut si per epistolas agi placet, ipsae plebibus recitentur, ut aliquando non plebes, sed plebs una dicatur.

396 CE, Augustine of Hippo, Letters 33.4

or if you prefer the discussion to be carried out by letters, let them be read to the congregations, so that at length they may be called not "congregations", but one congregation.

(Late Latin, countable and uncountable, Christianity) laity, congregation, parish


Phoebus

la-proper noun

Phoebus m sg (genitive Phoebī); second declension

Phoebī (genitive)
Phoebus (nominative singular)
Phoebī (genitive singular)
Phoebō (dative singular)
Phoebum (accusative singular)
Phoebō (ablative singular)
Phoebe (singular vocative)

desctree

→ Middle English: Phebus, Febus
English: Phoebus

→ French: Phébus, Phœbus

→ Russian: Феб (Feb)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Φοῖβος (Phoîbos, “[the] Radiant [One]”).

bor

(Greek mythology) Apollo, i.e. Phoebus Apollo, the "radiant one"


comes

la-noun

comes m or f (genitive comitis); third declension

comitis (genitive)
comes (nominative singular)
comitēs (nominative plural)
comitis (genitive singular)
comitum (genitive plural)
comitī (dative singular)
comitibus (dative plural)
comitem (accusative singular)
comitēs (accusative plural)
comite (ablative singular)
comitibus (ablative plural)
comes (singular vocative)
comitēs (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: قَوْمَس (qawmas)

Aragonese: conte

Asturian: conde

→ Catalan: còmit (learned)

→ English: comes

Friulian: cont

desctree

→ Koine Greek: κόμης (kómēs)
Byzantine Greek: κόμης (kómēs)
Greek: κόμης (kómis)
→ Classical Syriac: ܩܘܡܝܣ (qwmys), ܩܘܡܣ (qwms)
→ Old Armenian: կոմս (koms)
→ Old Georgian: კომსი (ḳomsi)
→ Old Armenian: կոմէս (komēs)

Italian: comito, conte

Old French: cuens, cons (nominative case), conte (oblique case)

→ English: count

→ Romanian: conte

French: comte

→ English: comte

→ Irish: cunta

Norman: coumte

⇒ Old French: conestable (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan: comte

Catalan: comte

Occitan: comte

Old Galician-Portuguese: conde

Galician: conde

Portuguese: conde

→ Romanian: comite

Sicilian: conti

→ Proto-Slavic: *kъmetь

Bulgarian: кмет (kmet)

Czech: kmet

Macedonian: кмет (kmet)

Polish: kmieć

Serbo-Croatian: kmȅt

→ English: kmet

Slovene: kmȅt

Spanish: conde, cómitre

Venetan: conte

From com- (“together”) + -es (“-faring”).


cortina

la-noun

cortīna f (genitive cortīnae); first declension

cortīna (canonical feminine)
cortīnae (genitive)
cortīna (nominative singular)
cortīnae (nominative plural)
cortīnae (genitive singular)
cortīnārum (genitive plural)
cortīnae (dative singular)
cortīnīs (dative plural)
cortīnam (accusative singular)
cortīnās (accusative plural)
cortīnā (ablative singular)
cortīnīs (ablative plural)
cortīna (singular vocative)
cortīnae (plural vocative)

→ Italian: cortina

→ Middle French: courtine

Uncertain. Sometimes attributed to Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“turn; bend”), via a hypothetical passive past participle *kṛto- (“bent”), but this is dubious. Attested from Plautus onward.


ianua

la-noun

iānua f (genitive iānuae); first declension

iānua (canonical feminine)
iānuae (genitive)
iānua (nominative singular)
iānuae (nominative plural)
iānuae (genitive singular)
iānuārum (genitive plural)
iānuae (dative singular)
iānuīs (dative plural)
iānuam (accusative singular)
iānuās (accusative plural)
iānuā (ablative singular)
iānuīs (ablative plural)
iānua (singular vocative)
iānuae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Old Neapolitan: januwa (Abruzzo)

Sicilian: janua (Calabria)

Gallo-Romance:

Gascon: jan, janc (“louvered door”) (Pyrenean)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: janna, zanna

Ibero-Romance:

Mozarabic: יאנה (yʔnh)

Vulgar Latin:

*iānuella (see there for further descendants)

*ienua

Franco-Provençal: genne (16th c.), djemme, jaime

desc

Romansch: dźəinə, dźe̢nə, dze̢nna, dźe̢na, yẹnna

Sardinian: genna, enna (Campidanese)

From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (“to go, go in, travel”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic ꙗдо (jado, “to travel”) and Sanskrit यान (yāna, “path”).


tumba

la-noun

tumba f (genitive tumbae); first declension

tumbae (genitive)
tumba (nominative singular)
tumbae (nominative plural)
tumbae (genitive singular)
tumbārum (genitive plural)
tumbae (dative singular)
tumbīs (dative plural)
tumbam (accusative singular)
tumbās (accusative plural)
tumbā (ablative singular)
tumbīs (ablative plural)
tumba (singular vocative)
tumbae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: tumbã

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: tomba

desctree

Old French: tumbe, tombe, toumbe
Middle French: tumbe
French: tombe
Norman: tombe
Walloon: tombe
→ Middle English: tombe
English: tomb
→ Irish: tuama
→ Maori: toma
Middle Scots: tumb, towm
→ Middle Dutch:
Dutch: tombe
Limburgish: tómb

Old Occitan:

Catalan: tomba

Occitan: tomba

→ Greek: τούμπα (toúmpa)

→ Portuguese: tumba (perhaps inherited)

→ Spanish: tumba

From Ancient Greek τύμβος (túmbos), probably from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).


crimen

la-noun

crīmen n (genitive crīminis); third declension

crīmen (canonical neuter)
crīminis (genitive)
crīmen (nominative singular)
crīmina (nominative plural)
crīminis (genitive singular)
crīminum (genitive plural)
crīminī (dative singular)
crīminibus (dative plural)
crīmen (accusative singular)
crīmina (accusative plural)
crīmine (ablative singular)
crīminibus (ablative plural)
crīmen (singular vocative)
crīmina (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: krim

Aromanian: crimã

Catalan: crim

→ English: crimen

Old French: crime

French: crime

→ Portuguese: crime

→ English: crime

Norman: crînme

Italian: crimine

Romanian: crimă

Romansch: crim

Sicilian: crìmini

→ Spanish: crimen

→ Tagalog: krimen

From Proto-Italic *kreimən, from Proto-Indo-European *kréymn̥, from *krey- (“sieve”) + *-mn̥, equivalent to cernō (“sieve”) + -men (noun-forming suffix). Compare also Ancient Greek κρῖμα (krîma).


ex aequo et bono

(law) according to what is right and good - rather than according to the law


labarum

la-noun

labarum n (genitive labarī); second declension

labarī (genitive)
labarum (nominative singular)
labara (nominative plural)
labarī (genitive singular)
labarōrum (genitive plural)
labarō (dative singular)
labarīs (dative plural)
labarum (accusative singular)
labara (accusative plural)
labarō (ablative singular)
labarīs (ablative plural)
labarum (singular vocative)
labara (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: làbarum

→ English: labarum

→ Ancient Greek: λάβαρον (lábaron)

Greek: λάβαρο (lávaro)

[ˈɫ̪äbärʊ̃ˑ]

Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”). See also Latin labium, lambō, labrusca, laburnum.


foedus

la-noun

foedus n (genitive foederis); third declension

foederis (genitive)
foedus (nominative singular)
foedera (nominative plural)
foederis (genitive singular)
foederum (genitive plural)
foederī (dative singular)
foederibus (dative plural)
foedus (accusative singular)
foedera (accusative plural)
foedere (ablative singular)
foederibus (ablative plural)
foedus (singular vocative)
foedera (plural vocative)

⇒ English: federal, foedus rerum

⇒ French: fédéral, fédérale

⇒ Italian: federale

⇒ Spanish: federal

⇒ Portuguese: federal

Inherited from Proto-Italic *feiðos (“faithful”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ-os, from *bʰeydʰ- (“to trust”). Same root as fīdō, fidēs, fīdus, and Proto-Germanic *bīdaną. Perhaps a corruption from an o-stem.

inh+

Inde foedus ictum inter duces

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.1

Then a treaty being made between the commanders

(among nations, states, or rulers) treaty, compact, alliance, truce, league

among nations; or rulers; among nations; or rulers

… Nec coniugis umquam / praetendī taedās, aut haec in foedera vēnī.

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.338–339

“Nor did I ever extend the wedding-torches of a bridegroom, or enter into these bonds [with you].”

(among individuals) agreement, bond, contract, compact, pact, pledge, conditions, terms


foedus

la-adj

foedus (feminine foeda, neuter foedum, comparative foedior, superlative foedissimus, adverb foedē); first/second-declension adjective

foeda (feminine)
foedum (neuter)
foedior (comparative)
foedissimus (superlative)
foedē (adverb)
foedus (masculine nominative singular)
foeda (feminine nominative singular)
foedum (neuter nominative singular)
foedī (masculine nominative plural)
foedae (feminine nominative plural)
foeda (neuter nominative plural)
foedī (genitive masculine singular)
foedae (feminine genitive singular)
foedī (genitive neuter singular)
foedōrum (genitive masculine plural)
foedārum (feminine genitive plural)
foedōrum (genitive neuter plural)
foedō (dative masculine singular)
foedae (dative feminine singular)
foedō (dative neuter singular)
foedīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
foedum (accusative masculine singular)
foedam (accusative feminine singular)
foedum (accusative neuter singular)
foedōs (accusative masculine plural)
foedās (accusative feminine plural)
foeda (accusative neuter plural)
foedō (ablative masculine singular)
foedā (ablative feminine singular)
foedō (ablative neuter singular)
foedīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
foede (masculine singular vocative)
foeda (feminine singular vocative)
foedum (neuter singular vocative)
foedī (masculine plural vocative)
foedae (feminine plural vocative)
foeda (neuter plural vocative)

Asturian: feu

Italian: fedo

Old Galician-Portuguese: feo

Galician: feo

Portuguese: feio

Spanish: feo

From Proto-Italic *foiðos (“afraid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to frighten; be afraid”).

der

(physically) filthy, foul, disgusting, loathsome, ugly, unseemly, detestable, abominable, horrible


imago

la-noun

imāgō f (genitive imāginis); third declension

imāgō (canonical feminine)
imāginis (genitive)
imāgō (nominative singular)
imāginēs (nominative plural)
imāginis (genitive singular)
imāginum (genitive plural)
imāginī (dative singular)
imāginibus (dative plural)
imāginem (accusative singular)
imāginēs (accusative plural)
imāgine (ablative singular)
imāginibus (ablative plural)
imāgō (singular vocative)
imāginēs (plural vocative)

Anglo-Norman: ymage, image

Norman: image

Asturian: imaxe

Catalan: imatge

Dutch: imago

English: image, imago

Esperanto: imago

Old Francoprovençal: ymage, ymagena

Franco-Provençal: image, imagina

desctree

French: image
→ Franco-Provençal: émâge
→ Turkish: imaj

Italian: immagine

→ Piedmontese: imàgin, imàgine

Irish: íomhá

Occitan: imatge

Old French: image

Old Irish: ímáig

Old Galician-Portuguese: ymagen

Galician: imaxe

Portuguese: imagem

Piedmontese: image

Romanian: imagine

Scottish Gaelic: ìomhaigh

Sicilian: mmàggini

Spanish: imagen

Swedish: imago

From Proto-Italic *imā + -āgō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eym- (“to imitate”). Cognate with imitor, aemulus, Old English emn, efn (“equal, level, even”). More at even.


nominator

la-noun

nōminātor m (genitive nōminātōris); third declension

nōminātor (canonical masculine)
nōminātōris (genitive)
nōminātor (nominative singular)
nōminātōrēs (nominative plural)
nōminātōris (genitive singular)
nōminātōrum (genitive plural)
nōminātōrī (dative singular)
nōminātōribus (dative plural)
nōminātōrem (accusative singular)
nōminātōrēs (accusative plural)
nōminātōre (ablative singular)
nōminātōribus (ablative plural)
nōminātor (singular vocative)
nōminātōrēs (plural vocative)


anastasis

anastasis f (genitive anastasis); third declension

anastasis (genitive)
anastasis (nominative singular)
anastasēs (nominative plural)
anastasis (genitive singular)
anastasium (genitive plural)
anastasī (dative singular)
anastasibus (dative plural)
anastasim (accusative singular)
anastasēs (accusative plural)
anastasīs (accusative plural)
anastasī (ablative singular)
anastasibus (ablative plural)
anastasis (singular vocative)
anastasēs (plural vocative)

[äˈnäs̠t̪äs̠ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀνάστασις (anástasis).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:anastasis.


ascia

ascia f (genitive asciae); first declension

asciae (genitive)
ascia (nominative singular)
asciae (nominative plural)
asciae (genitive singular)
asciārum (genitive plural)
asciae (dative singular)
asciīs (dative plural)
asciam (accusative singular)
asciās (accusative plural)
asciā (ablative singular)
asciīs (ablative plural)
ascia (singular vocative)
asciae (plural vocative)

Asturian: azada, axada, xada

Catalan: aixa, aixada

French: aissette, asse, asseau, essette

Galician: aixada

Italian: ascia

Old French: aisse

Portuguese: archa, enxada

Sicilian: ascia

Spanish: aja, azada

Venetan: asa

According to one version, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷs-ih₂- (“axe”), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”) (see axe).
According to de Vaan, it is not plausible since a sequence *ks is usually retained in intervocalic Latin, which implies borrowing from an unidentified source. It is possible that the consonant cluster underwent metathesis in a different (IE?) language before the word entered Latin.


ductus

ductus m (genitive ductūs); fourth declension

ductūs (genitive)
ductus (nominative singular)
ductūs (nominative plural)
ductūs (genitive singular)
ductuum (genitive plural)
ductuī (dative singular)
ductibus (dative plural)
ductum (accusative singular)
ductūs (accusative plural)
ductū (ablative singular)
ductibus (ablative plural)
ductus (singular vocative)
ductūs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: duq

Catalan: dut, duit (archaic)

→ English: duct, ductus

⇒ Esperanto: dukto

Italian: dotto

Old French: duit

→ Portuguese: ducto, duto (Brazil)

→ Romanian: duct

Spanish: ducto

⇒ Welsh: dwythell

From dūcō (“to lead, conduct, draw”) + -tus (action noun suffix).

af

[ˈd̪ʊkt̪ʊs̠]

(military) generalship, military lead, conduct, command

(acting) connection or structure of a play

(of discourse)
connection or structure of a play


triforium

la-noun

triforium n (genitive triforiī or triforī); second declension

triforiī (genitive)
triforī (genitive)
triforium (nominative singular)
triforia (nominative plural)
triforiī (genitive singular)
triforī (genitive singular)
triforiōrum (genitive plural)
triforiō (dative singular)
triforiīs (dative plural)
triforium (accusative singular)
triforia (accusative plural)
triforiō (ablative singular)
triforiīs (ablative plural)
triforium (singular vocative)
triforia (plural vocative)

→ English: triforium

→ Italian: triforio

→ Norwegian Bokmål: triforium

→ Spanish: triforio

[t̪rɪˈfɔriʊ̃ˑ]

(Medieval Latin, architecture) triforium


Neptunus

la-proper noun

Neptūnus m (genitive Neptūnī); second declension

Neptūnus (canonical masculine)
Neptūnī (genitive)
Neptūnus (nominative singular)
Neptūnī (nominative plural)
Neptūnī (genitive singular)
Neptūnōrum (genitive plural)
Neptūnō (dative singular)
Neptūnīs (dative plural)
Neptūnum (accusative singular)
Neptūnōs (accusative plural)
Neptūnō (ablative singular)
Neptūnīs (ablative plural)
Neptūne (singular vocative)
Neptūnī (plural vocative)

q

Old French: netun (“marine monster”), nuiton (alteration through confusion with nuit, "night")

Middle French: luiton (alteration through confusion with luire, "to glow")

French: lutin (alteration of luiton), nuton (regional, Ardennes françaises), luiton (regional, Dauphiné)

Walloon: nûton

→ Catalan: Neptú

→ French: Neptune

→ Galician: Neptuno

→ Italian: Nettuno

→ Portuguese: Neptuno

→ Romanian: Neptun

→ Spanish: Neptuno

Probably from Proto-Italic *neptūnos, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos (“cloud, moisture, mist”), but this is disputed; see Neptune.

der

(Roman mythology) Neptune (god of the sea)


aedis

la-noun

aedis f (genitive aedis); third declension

aedis (genitive)
aedis (nominative singular)
aedēs (nominative plural)
aedis (genitive singular)
aedium (genitive plural)
aedī (dative singular)
aedibus (dative plural)
aedem (accusative singular)
aedēs (accusative plural)
aedīs (accusative plural)
aede (ablative singular)
aedibus (ablative plural)
aedis (singular vocative)
aedēs (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *aiðes, genitive of *aiss, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-s, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite; fire”).


pseudochristus

pseudochristus m (genitive pseudochristī); second declension

pseudochristī (genitive)
pseudochristus (nominative singular)
pseudochristī (nominative plural)
pseudochristī (genitive singular)
pseudochristōrum (genitive plural)
pseudochristō (dative singular)
pseudochristīs (dative plural)
pseudochristum (accusative singular)
pseudochristōs (accusative plural)
pseudochristō (ablative singular)
pseudochristīs (ablative plural)
pseudochriste (singular vocative)
pseudochristī (plural vocative)

[ps̠ɛu̯d̪ɔˈkʰrɪs̠t̪ʊs̠]

Exsurgent enim pseudochristi et pseudoprophetae et dabunt signa et portenta ad seducendos, si potest fieri, electos.

For false Christs and false prophets shall rise and …

pseudo-Christus

alternative rendition per modern capitalization and hyphenation


lamina

lāmina f (genitive lāminae); first declension

lāmina (canonical feminine)
lāminae (genitive)
lāmina (nominative singular)
lāminae (nominative plural)
lāminae (genitive singular)
lāminārum (genitive plural)
lāminae (dative singular)
lāminīs (dative plural)
lāminam (accusative singular)
lāminās (accusative plural)
lāminā (ablative singular)
lāminīs (ablative plural)
lāmina (singular vocative)
lāminae (plural vocative)

desctree

French: lame
→ Catalan: llama
→ Italian: lama
→ Persian: لام (lâm, “microscope slide”)

Friulian: lame

Romanian: lamură, lamă

Romansch: loma, lama

Sicilian: lanna, landa, landia, lannia (Calabria)
→ Italian: landa (see there for further descendants)
→ Maltese: landa

Venetan: lama

→ Catalan: làmina (learned)

→ English: lamina (learned)

→ French: lamine (learned)

→ Galician: lamia

→ Galician: lámina (learned)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *lammā (see there for further descendants)

→ Greek: λάμα (láma)

→ Italian: lamina (learned)

→ Portuguese: lâmina (learned)

→ Romanian: lamină (learned)

→ Spanish: lámina (learned)

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *stelh₃- (“broad, to broaden”). See lātus, latus.

der

money coin, minted by the Pontiffs of Rome


gubernator

la-noun

gubernātor m (genitive gubernātōris, feminine gubernātrīx); third declension

gubernātor (canonical masculine)
gubernātōris (genitive)
gubernātrīx (feminine)
gubernātor (nominative singular)
gubernātōrēs (nominative plural)
gubernātōris (genitive singular)
gubernātōrum (genitive plural)
gubernātōrī (dative singular)
gubernātōribus (dative plural)
gubernātōrem (accusative singular)
gubernātōrēs (accusative plural)
gubernātōre (ablative singular)
gubernātōribus (ablative plural)
gubernātor (singular vocative)
gubernātōrēs (plural vocative)

Franco-Provençal: govèrnor

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: gvernatåur

Lombard: governatur

Piedmontese: guvernatur

Sicilian: governaturi

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: guvernatore, guvernadore

Italian: governatore

Istriot: guvarnadur

desctree

Old French: gouvreneur, governeor, governur
Middle French: gouverneur
French: gouverneur (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle Dutch: gouverneur
Dutch: gouverneur, goeverneur (before 1996)
Afrikaans: goewerneur
Negerhollands: guwerneer
→ Lokono: gouverneur
→ Indonesian: gubernur
Limburgish: goevernäör
→ German: Gouverneur
Norman: gouvernaeux, gouverneux (Guernsey), gouvèrneux (Jersey)
Walloon: gouverneûr
→ Middle English: governour, governor, governoure, governowre, governur
English: governor (see there for further descendants)
Scots: governour
Yola: governere

Old Occitan: governador

Occitan: governador

Old Catalan: governador

Catalan: governador

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: guviernadôr

Ladin: goernador

Romansch: guvernatur

Sabir: gobernator

Sardinian: cuberradore

West Iberian

Old Leonese:

Asturian: gobernador, gobernaor

Mirandese: gobernador

Old Galician-Portuguese: governador

Galician: gobernador

Portuguese: governador (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: gouernador

Ladino: gobernador

Spanish: gobernador (see there for further descendants)

→ Bulgarian: губернатор (gubernator)

→ English: gubernator

→ Georgian: გუბერნატორი (gubernaṭori)

→ Hindi: गवर्नर (gavarnar)

→ Latvian: gubernators

→ Macedonian: губернатор (gubernator)

→ Polish: gubernator

→ Ukrainian: губерна́тор (hubernátor)

→ Romanian: guvernator

→ Russian: губерна́тор (gubernátor)

→ Tajik: губернатор (gubernator)

[ɡʊbɛrˈnäːt̪ɔr]

From gubernō (“to pilot, govern”) + -tor.


aedilis

la-noun

aedīlis m (genitive aedīlis); third declension

aedīlis (canonical masculine)
aedīlis (genitive)
aedīlis (nominative singular)
aedīlēs (nominative plural)
aedīlis (genitive singular)
aedīlium (genitive plural)
aedīlī (dative singular)
aedīlibus (dative plural)
aedīlem (accusative singular)
aedīlēs (accusative plural)
aedīlīs (accusative plural)
aedīlī (ablative singular)
aedīlibus (ablative plural)
aedīlis (singular vocative)
aedīlēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: edil (learned)

→ English: aedile

→ French: édile

→ German: Ädil

→ Ancient Greek: αἰδίλης (aidílēs)

→ Portuguese: edil

→ Spanish: edil

[äe̯ˈd̪iːlʲɪs̠]

From Proto-Italic *aiðīlis. See aedēs (“building”) (< Proto-Italic *aiðes, genitive of *aits, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-s, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite; fire”)).


Lazarus

la-proper noun

Lāzārus m (genitive Lāzārī); second declension

Lāzārus (canonical masculine)
Lāzārī (genitive)
Lāzārus (nominative singular)
Lāzārī (nominative plural)
Lāzārī (genitive singular)
Lāzārōrum (genitive plural)
Lāzārō (dative singular)
Lāzārīs (dative plural)
Lāzārum (accusative singular)
Lāzārōs (accusative plural)
Lāzārō (ablative singular)
Lāzārīs (ablative plural)
Lāzāre (singular vocative)
Lāzārī (plural vocative)

English: Lazarus, lazar

French: Lazare

Italian: lazzaro

[ɫ̪äːz̪ˈd̪͡z̪äːrʊs̠]

From Koine Greek Λᾱ́ζᾱρος (Lā́zāros), the given name of the Biblical character found in Luke 16, from Biblical Hebrew אֶלְעָזָר (“Eleazar”), a given name shared by various figures in the Hebrew Bible and literally meaning "God has helped".