Abaddon

→ German: Abaddon

desc

→ Middle English: Abadon, Abbadon, Labadon, Laabadon

English: Abaddon

→ Spanish: Abadón

[äˈbäd̪ːoːn]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀβαδδών (Abaddṓn).

et habebant super se regem angelum abyssi cui nomen hebraice Abaddon graece autem Apollyon et latine habet nomen Exterminans
And they had over them a king, the angel of the bottomless pit; whose name in Hebrew is Abaddon, and in Greek Apollyon; in Latin Exterminans. ― Douay–Rheims translation

ante''' AD 405, anonymous revisor(s) of the Vetus Latina, Biblia Sacra Vulgatae Editionis, Apocalypsis 9:11

(Late Latin) the name of the angel of Tartarus


Cuba

la-proper noun

Cuba f sg (genitive Cubae); first declension

Cubae (genitive)
Cuba (nominative singular)
Cubae (genitive singular)
Cubae (dative singular)
Cubam (accusative singular)
Cubā (ablative singular)
Cuba (singular vocative)

(Roman mythology) The goddess who protects the lying down of children


Israel

Isrāēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Isrāēl or Isrāēlis); indeclinable, third declension

Isrāēl (canonical masculine singular)
Isrāēl (genitive)
Isrāēlis (genitive)
Isrāēl (nominative singular)
Isrāēl (genitive singular)
Isrāēlis (genitive singular)
Isrāēl (dative singular)
Isrāēlī (dative singular)
Isrāēl (accusative singular)
Isrāēlem (accusative singular)
Isrāēl (ablative singular)
Isrāēle (ablative singular)
Isrāēl (singular vocative)

Asturian: Israel

Catalan: Israel

→ Old Dutch: israel

Middle Dutch: israel

desctree

Dutch: Israël
Afrikaans: Israel
→ Indonesian: Israel

→ English: Israel, Yisrael, Israhel
→ Japanese: イスラエル (Isuraeru)

French: Israël

Galician: Israel

→ German: Israel

→ Old Irish: Israhél, Israél
Irish: Iosrael
Manx: Israel
Scottish Gaelic: Iosrael

Norman: Israël

Portuguese: Israel

Romanian: Israel

Spanish: Israel

[ɪs̠ˈräːeːɫ̪]

Borrowed from Koine Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yiśrāʾēl). The spelling Istrāhēl, from Ἰστρᾱήλ (Istrāḗl), was predominant until the dissemination of Jerome’s Vulgate (5th century CE), which popularized Isrāhēl. The h was gradually lost thereafter.

bor+

At ille: Nequaquam, inquit, Iacob appellabitur nomen tuum, sed Israhel: quoniam si contra Deum fortis fuisti quanto magis contra homines praevalebis.

(Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) Israel, another name of the patriarch Jacob

(New Latin) Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Michael

la-proper noun

Michaēl m sg (genitive Michaēlis); third declension

Michaēl (canonical masculine singular)
Michaēlis (genitive)
Michaēl (nominative singular)
Michaēl (genitive singular)
Michaēlis (genitive singular)
Michaēl (dative singular)
Michaēlī (dative singular)
Michaēl (accusative singular)
Michaēlem (accusative singular)
Michaēl (ablative singular)
Michaēle (ablative singular)
Michaēl (singular vocative)

Albanian: Mëhill

Italian: Michele

Old Leonese: Migael

Asturian: Miguel

Leonese: Micael, Migel

Old French: Michel

French: Michel

Portuguese: Miguel

Sicilian: Micheli

Spanish: Miguel

→ Danish: Michael

→ English: Michael

→ Czech: Michael

→ Finnish: Mikael

→ German: Michael

→ Icelandic: Mikael

→ Irish: Micheál

→ Japanese: ミカエル (Mikaeru)

→ Korean: 미카엘 (Mika'el)

→ Latvian: Miķelis

→ Norwegian: Mikael

→ Polabian: Maixăl

→ Polish: Michał

→ Swedish: Mikael

[ˈmɪkʰäeːɫ̪]

From the Koine Greek Μῐχᾱήλ (Mĭkhāḗl), from the Biblical Hebrew מִיכָאֵל (mikha'él, “Michael”, literally “Who is like God?”).

der

De tribu Aser, Sthur, filium Michahel.

ante''' AD 405, Biblia Vulgata, Num. 13:14

Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the son of Michael. ― World English Bible translation (Num. 13:13)

Princeps autem regni Persarum restitit mihi viginti et uno diebus; et, ecce, Michahel, unus de principibus primis, venit in adiutorium meum: et ego remansi ibi iuxta regem Persarum.

ante''' AD 407, Biblia Vulgata, Dan. 10:13

But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days; but, behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me: and I remained there with the kings of Persia. ― World English Bible translation

Michaël

used to signal that ae is not to be read as /e/ in Ecclesiastical pronunciation


cherub

cherūb (canonical masculine)
cherūb (nominative singular)
cherūbīm (nominative plural)
cherūbīn (nominative plural)
cherūb (genitive singular)
cherūbīm (genitive plural)
cherūbīn (genitive plural)
cherūb (dative singular)
cherūbīm (dative plural)
cherūbīn (dative plural)
cherūb (accusative singular)
cherūbīm (accusative plural)
cherūbīn (accusative plural)
cherūb (ablative singular)
cherūbīm (ablative plural)
cherūbīn (ablative plural)
cherūb (singular vocative)
cherūbīm (plural vocative)
cherūbīn (plural vocative)

la-ndecl

Irregular noun with distinct plural

→ Catalan: querubí

→ Dutch: cherub

→ German: Cherub

→ English: cherub

→ French: chérubin

→ Galician: querubín

→ Italian: cherubino

→ Polish: cherub

→ Portuguese: querubim

→ Spanish: querubín

From Ancient Greek χερούβ (kheroúb), ultimately from Biblical Hebrew כְּרוּב (Kerúv).

&
duos quoque cherubin aureos et productiles facies ex utraque parte oraculi
cherub unus sit in latere uno et alter in altero

Duos quoque cherubim aureos et productiles facies ex utraque parte propitiatorii,

And thou shalt make two cherubims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the two ends of the mercy seat.
And make one cherub on the one end, and the other cherub on the other end

et gloria Domini Israhel adsumpta est de cherub quae erat super eum ad limen domus et vocavit virum qui indutus erat lineis et atramentarium scriptoris habebat in lumbis suis

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 9:3:

Et gloria Dei Israel elevata est de cherub, super quem erat, ad limen domus; et vocavit virum, qui indutus erat lineis et atramentarium scriptoris habebat in lumbis suis.


Daniel

la-proper noun

Dāniēl m sg (genitive Dāniēlis); third declension

Dāniēl (canonical masculine singular)
Dāniēlis (genitive)
Dāniēl (nominative singular)
Dāniēlis (genitive singular)
Dāniēlī (dative singular)
Dāniēlem (accusative singular)
Dāniēle (ablative singular)
Dāniēl (singular vocative)

Albanian: Danjell, Daniell, Daniel

English: Daniel, Dan

Italian: Daniele

Swedish: Daniel

[ˈd̪äːnieːɫ̪]

From the Ancient Greek Δᾱνῑήλ (Dānīḗl), from the Biblical Hebrew דָּנִיֵּאל (Daniyél, “Daniel”, literally “God is [my] judge”).


Moses

la-proper noun

Mōsēs m sg (genitive Mōsis or Mōsī or Mōseī); third declension

Mōsēs (canonical masculine singular)
Mōsis (genitive)
Mōsī (genitive)
Mōseī (genitive)
Mōsēs (nominative singular)
Mōsis (genitive singular)
Mōsī (genitive singular)
Mōseī (genitive singular)
Mōsī (dative singular)
Mōsem (accusative singular)
Mōsēn (accusative singular)
Mōse (ablative singular)
Mōsēs (singular vocative)

→ English: Moses

→ Danish: Moses

→ German: Moses, Mose

→ Dutch: Mozes

→ Estonian: Mooses

→ Finnish: Mooses

→ Hungarian: Mózes

→ Italian: Mosè

→ Japanese: モーセ (Mōse)

→ Lithuanian: Mozė

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Moses

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Moses

→ Scottish Gaelic: Maois

→ Swedish: Moses, Mose

From Ancient Greek Μωσῆς (Mōsês), Μωϋσῆς (Mōüsês), from Biblical Hebrew מֹשֶׁה (moshé).


altar

la-noun

altar n (genitive altāris); third declension

altāris (genitive)
altar (nominative singular)
altāria (nominative plural)
altāris (genitive singular)
altārium (genitive plural)
altārī (dative singular)
altāribus (dative plural)
altar (accusative singular)
altāria (accusative plural)
altārī (ablative singular)
altāribus (ablative plural)
altar (singular vocative)
altāria (plural vocative)


Zeus

la-proper noun

Zeus m sg (genitive Diōs); third declension

Diōs (genitive)
Zeus (nominative singular)
Dios (genitive singular)
Diī (dative singular)
Dia (accusative singular)
Die (?) (ablative singular)
Zeu (singular vocative)

[d̪͡z̪ɛu̯s̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).

Quis ignorat Persarum religiones, in quibus duo illa numina consecrata sunt, lucis alter, alter tenebrarum Deus? Ejusdem notionis vestigia, quamvis obscura, in Graecorum mythologica apparent, ubi in primis celebrantur Ζεύς et Ἅιδης, alter coeli et lucis, alter orci et tenebrarum Deus.

1830, Simon Karsten, Xenophanis Colophonii Carminum Reliquiae De Parmenidis Philosophia.20

Who does not know of the Persian religions, in which two spirits are worshipped, one a god of light, the other of darkness? Traces of the same idea, although obscured, show up in Greek mythology: in its origins, Zeus and Hades are worshipped, one as a god of heaven and light, the other of the underworld and darkness.


afflatus

la-noun

afflātus m (genitive afflātūs); fourth declension

afflātus (canonical masculine)
afflātūs (genitive)
afflātus (nominative singular)
afflātūs (nominative plural)
afflātūs (genitive singular)
afflātuum (genitive plural)
afflātuī (dative singular)
afflātibus (dative plural)
afflātum (accusative singular)
afflātūs (accusative plural)
afflātū (ablative singular)
afflātibus (ablative plural)
afflātus (singular vocative)
afflātūs (plural vocative)

Catalan: aflat

→ English: afflatus

Italian: afflato

Occitan: aflat

Portuguese: aflato

Spanish: aflato

[ˈäfːɫ̪ät̪ʊs̠]

Perfect passive participle of afflō (“I blow, breathe (on or towards)”).

(poetry, religion) afflation (from an inspiring spirit from an unknown source in Cicero; from a divine spirit in a pagan context or from the Holy Spirit in later Christian contexts)


abbas

abbās m (genitive abbātis, feminine abbātissa); third declension

abbās (canonical masculine)
abbātis (genitive)
abbātissa (feminine)
abbās (nominative singular)
abbātēs (nominative plural)
abbātis (genitive singular)
abbātum (genitive plural)
abbātī (dative singular)
abbātibus (dative plural)
abbātem (accusative singular)
abbātēs (accusative plural)
abbāte (ablative singular)
abbātibus (ablative plural)
abbās (singular vocative)
abbātēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: abate (see there for further descendants)

Neapolitan: abbate

Sicilian: abbati

Padanian:

Piedmontese: abà

Romagnol: abêt

Old Occitan:

Catalan: abat

Occitan: abat

West Iberian

Asturian: abá

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: abade
Galician: abade
Portuguese: abade

Old Spanish: abbat, abad

Spanish: abad (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings

→ Crimean Tatar: abbat

→ Danish: abbed

→ Finnish: apotti

→ Georgian: აბატი (abaṭi)

→ Indonesian: abbas

→ Latvian: abats

→ Lithuanian: abatas

→ Middle Dutch: abbet

Dutch: abt
Afrikaans: ab

→ Old English: abbat, abbod

Middle English: abbot, abbod

English: abbot
Gullah: aabut

→ Old Norse: ábóti

Icelandic: ábóti

Norwegian: abbed

→ Old French: abbet (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Frisian: abbit

→ Old High German: abbāt

Middle High German: abbāt

German: Abt

Luxembourgish: Abt

→ Hungarian: apát

→ Czech: opat
→ Polish: opat

→ Macedonian: опат (opat)

→ Serbo-Croatian: опат

→ Slovak: opát

→ Slovene: opat

→ Ukrainian: опат (opat)

→ Old Irish: ap (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Norse: abbati

Faroese: abbati

→ Old Saxon: *abbat

Middle Low German: abbet, abt

→ Old Swedish: abbot

Swedish: abbot

→ Proto-Brythonic: *abad

Breton: abad

Cornish: abas

Middle Welsh: abat

Welsh: abad

→ West Frisian: abt

From Ancient Greek ἀββα, ἀββᾶς (abba, abbâs, “father or abbot”), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).


Christus

la-proper noun

Chrīstus m sg (genitive Chrīstī); second declension

Chrīstus (canonical masculine singular)
Chrīstī (genitive)
Chrīstus (nominative singular)
Chrīstī (genitive singular)
Chrīstō (dative singular)
Chrīstum (accusative singular)
Chrīstō (ablative singular)
Chrīste (singular vocative)

→ Breton: Krist

→ Catalan: Crist

→ Cornish: Krist

→ Czech: Kristus

→ Danish: Kristus

→ Dutch: Christus

→ Galician: Cristo

→ German: Christus

→ Luxembourgish: Christus

→ Faroese: Kristus

→ Finnish: Kristus

Italian: Cristo

→ Latvian: Kristus

→ Lithuanian: Kristus

→ Middle French: Christ
French: Christ

→ Norman: Christ

desctree

→ Old English: Crist, Krist, ᛣᚱᛁᛋᛏ — Ruthwell Cross
Middle English: Crist, Cryst, Criste, Cryste, Kryst, Christ, Crest (in compound)
English: Christ
Scots: Christ
Yola: Cresst

→ Old Irish: Críst
Irish: Críost
Manx: Creest
Scottish Gaelic: Crìosd

→ Polish: Chrystus

→ Portuguese: Cristo

→ Slovene: Kristus

→ Spanish: Cristo

→ Swedish: Kristus

→ Welsh: Crist

→ Malayalam: ക്രിസ്തു (kristu)

From Ancient Greek Χρῑστός (Khrīstós), proper noun use of χρῑστός (khrīstós, “the anointed one”), a calque of Biblical Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšīaḥ, “anointed”) and Biblical Aramaic ܡܫܺܝܚܳܐ (m'šīḥāʾ).

der

initium evangelii Jesu Christi Filii Dei

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 1:1:

"The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God"


papa

la-noun

pāpa m (genitive pāpae, feminine pāpissa); first declension

pāpa (canonical masculine)
pāpae (genitive)
pāpissa (feminine)
pāpa (nominative singular)
pāpae (nominative plural)
pāpae (genitive singular)
pāpārum (genitive plural)
pāpae (dative singular)
pāpīs (dative plural)
pāpam (accusative singular)
pāpās (accusative plural)
pāpā (ablative singular)
pāpīs (ablative plural)
pāpa (singular vocative)
pāpae (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: papë

→ Proto-Brythonic: *pab

Middle Welsh: pap

Welsh: pab

→ Old Dutch: *papo

Middle Dutch: pape

Dutch: paap

→ Old English: pāpa (see there for further descendants)

→ Old French: pape (see there for further descendants)

→ Hungarian: pápa

→ Old Irish: pápa

Irish: pápa

Scottish Gaelic: pàpa

→ Italian: papa
→ Turkish: papa

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: papa

Galician: papa

Portuguese: papa
→ Swahili: papa

→ Romanian: papă

→ Spanish: papa
→ Tagalog: Papa

From early Byzantine Greek πάπας (pápas, title for priests & bishops, especially by 3rd c. the bishop of Alexandria), from πάππας (páppas, “papa, daddy”).

bor

The traditional exclamation in Rome after a papal election:

"Habemus papam!" ― "We have a [new] pope!"

(Ecclesiastical Latin) a pope (the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome)


Venus

la-proper noun

Venus f (genitive Veneris); third declension

Veneris (genitive)
Venus (nominative singular)
Venerēs (nominative plural)
Veneris (genitive singular)
Venerum (genitive plural)
Venerī (dative singular)
Veneribus (dative plural)
Venerem (accusative singular)
Venerēs (accusative plural)
Venere (ablative singular)
Veneribus (ablative plural)
Venus (singular vocative)
Venerēs (plural vocative)

→ French: Vénus

→ Italian: Venere

→ Middle English: Venus
English: Venus

→ Portuguese: Vénus, Vênus (Brazil)

Sicilian: Vènniri

→ Spanish: Venus

From venus (“loveliness”), see there for more.

sine Cerere et Līberō frīget Venus

161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 732

without Ceres and Liber, Venus freezes
(without food and wine, love doesn't thrive)

(Roman mythology) Venus (goddess of love and beauty)


sinister

la-adj

sinister (feminine sinistra, neuter sinistrum, comparative sinistrior, superlative sinistimus); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

sinistra (feminine)
sinistrum (neuter)
sinistrior (comparative)
sinistimus (superlative)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
sinister (masculine nominative singular)
sinistra (feminine nominative singular)
sinistrum (neuter nominative singular)
sinistrī (masculine nominative singular)
sinistrae (feminine nominative plural)
sinistra (neuter nominative plural)
sinistrī (genitive masculine singular)
sinistrae (feminine genitive singular)
sinistrī (genitive neuter singular)
sinistrōrum (genitive masculine singular)
sinistrārum (feminine genitive plural)
sinistrōrum (genitive neuter plural)
sinistrō (dative masculine singular)
sinistrae (dative feminine singular)
sinistrō (dative neuter singular)
sinistrīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
sinistrum (accusative masculine singular)
sinistram (accusative feminine singular)
sinistrum (accusative neuter singular)
sinistrōs (accusative masculine singular)
sinistrās (accusative feminine plural)
sinistra (accusative neuter plural)
sinistrō (ablative masculine singular)
sinistrā (ablative feminine singular)
sinistrō (ablative neuter singular)
sinistrīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
sinister (masculine singular vocative)
sinistra (feminine singular vocative)
sinistrum (neuter singular vocative)
sinistrī (masculine singular vocative)
sinistrae (feminine plural vocative)
sinistra (neuter plural vocative)

>? Italian: sinistro

desctree

Late Latin: sinexter
Italo-Romance:
Italian: sinèstro (archaic), >? sinistro
North Italian:
Friulian: signestri
Romansch: sanester, seniester (Sursilvan), saniester (Sutsilvan), schnester (Puter, Vallader)
Venetan: senestro
Gallo-Romance:
Old Catalan: senestre
Old French: senestre
Middle French: senestre
French: senestre, sénestre, senêtre
Norman: s'nêtre
Occitan: senèstre
Ibero-Romance:
Asturian: siniestru
Old Galician-Portuguese: sẽestro, seestro
Portuguese: sestro
Old Spanish: siniestro
Ladino: siniestro, סינייסטרו
Spanish: siniestro

→ Catalan: sinistre

→ Dutch: sinister

→ English: sinister

→ French: sinistre

→ Galician: sinistro

→ Portuguese: sinistro

→ Romanian: sinistru

[s̠ɪˈnɪs̠t̪ɛr]

From Proto-Italic *senisteros, of unclear origin. Possibly a euphemism from Proto-Indo-European *senh₂-is- (“more obtaining”), from *senh₂- (“to seek, gain”) (thus the direction of "left" as "the more favorable (side)"), and cognate with Sanskrit सनोति (sanoti, “to gain, procure”), सनीयान् (sanīyān, “more useful, more advantageous”).

cog

1st BC, Virgilius
sinistra cornix

2nd century, Apuleius
sinistro pede profectus

(religion) auspicious (for Romans) or inauspicious (for Greeks)


nonna

la-noun

nonna f (genitive nonnae, masculine nonnus); first declension

nonnae (genitive)
nonnus (masculine)
nonna (nominative singular)
nonnae (nominative plural)
nonnae (genitive singular)
nonnārum (genitive plural)
nonnae (dative singular)
nonnīs (dative plural)
nonnam (accusative singular)
nonnās (accusative plural)
nonnā (ablative singular)
nonnīs (ablative plural)
nonna (singular vocative)
nonnae (plural vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

desctree

Italian: nonna
→ English: nonna
→ Greek: νόνα (nóna)
→ Italiot Greek: nunna
→ Mòcheno: nu'na

Neapolitan: nonna

Sicilian: nanna

Old French: none (nom.sg), nonain
French: nonne
Norman: nonne

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: none

Ladino: nona

Romansch: nona

Venetan: nona
→ Cimbrian: nona, nóona
→ Chakavian Serbo-Croatian: nona
→ Portuguese: nona

→ Proto-West Germanic: *nunnā (see there for further descendants)

tutor (female), tutoress (dated, may now be sexist), tutrix (obsolete)


aenigma

la-noun

aenigma n (genitive aenigmatis); third declension

aenigmatis (genitive)
aenigma (nominative singular)
aenigmata (nominative plural)
aenigmatis (genitive singular)
aenigmatum (genitive plural)
aenigmatī (dative singular)
aenigmatibus (dative plural)
aenigma (accusative singular)
aenigmata (accusative plural)
aenigmate (ablative singular)
aenigmatibus (ablative plural)
aenigma (singular vocative)
aenigmata (plural vocative)

Catalan: enigma

→ English: enigma

French: énigme

Portuguese: enigma

Romanian: enigmă

Sicilian: nimma

Spanish: enigma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek αἴνιγμα (aínigma, “riddle”).


Aaron

la-proper noun

Aarōn m sg (variously declined, genitive Aarōn or Aarōnis); indeclinable, third declension

Aarōn (canonical masculine singular)
Aarōn (genitive)
Aarōnis (genitive)
Aarōn (nominative singular)
Aarōn (genitive singular)
Aarōnis (genitive singular)
Aarōn (dative singular)
Aarōnī (dative singular)
Aarōn (accusative singular)
Aarōnem (accusative singular)
Aarōn (ablative singular)
Aarōne (ablative singular)
Aarōn (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Aaró, Aaron

→ Chinese: 亞倫 /亚伦 (Yàlún, Yǎlún)

→ Danish: Aron
→ Greenlandic: Aalut

→ Dutch: Aäron

→ English: Aaron

→ Estonian: Aaron

→ Faroese: Aron

→ Finnish: Aaron, Aron

→ French: Aaron

→ German: Aaron

→ Hungarian: Áron

→ Icelandic: Aron

→ Irish: Árón

→ Italian: Aronne

→ Korean: 아론 (Aron)

→ Lithuanian: Aronas

→ Maltese: Aronn

→ Maori: Arona

→ Northern Sami: Áron

→ Norwegian: Aron

→ Polish: Aaron

→ Portuguese: Aarão

→ Russian: Ааро́н (Aarón), Аро́н (Arón)

→ Kazakh: Арон (Aron)

→ Spanish: Aarón

→ Swedish: Aron

In qua facie ad faciem visibilem se ei repromiserat, etiam ad Aaronem dicens […]

207 CE – 208 CE, Tertullian, Adversus Marcionem 22.15

He promised that he would be visible to him face to face, even saying to Aaron […]

(Ecclesiastical Latin) Aaron (biblical figure)


amen

tlb

(biblical, Christianity, Late Latin, Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin)

Borrowed from Koine Greek ᾱ̓μήν (āmḗn), from Biblical Hebrew אָמֵן (ʾāmēn, “certainly, truly”); cognate with Arabic آمِين (ʔāmīn), Aramaic אַמִין (ʾamīn), Classical Syriac ܐܰܡܺܝܢ (ʾamīn).


Thomas

la-proper noun

Thōmās m (genitive Thōmae); first declension

Thōmās (canonical masculine)
Thōmae (genitive)
Thōmās (nominative singular)
Thōmae (nominative plural)
Thōmae (genitive singular)
Thōmārum (genitive plural)
Thōmae (dative singular)
Thōmīs (dative plural)
Thōmān (accusative singular)
Thōmās (accusative plural)
Thōmā (ablative singular)
Thōmīs (ablative plural)
Thōmā (singular vocative)
Thōmae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

>? Romanian: Toma

>? Italian: Tommaso

→ Sicilian: Tummasu

Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: Tomás

Old Leonese:

Asturian: Tomás

desctree

>? Old French: Tumas m
Middle French: Thomas m
French: Thomas m
→ Vietnamese: Tô-ma, Tôma, Thô-ma

Old Occitan:

Catalan: Tomàs m

Occitan: Tomàs

>? Old Galician-Portuguese: Thomas

Galician: Tomás, Tomé

desc

Portuguese: Tomás, Thomás m (dated), Tomé

>? Old Spanish:

desctree

Spanish: Tomás
→ Cebuano: Tomas
→ Tagalog: Tomas
→ Chinese: → 托馬斯 /托马斯 (Tuōmǎsī) (transliteration)

Norman: Thonmas, Thomas

Piedmontese: Tomà

Sicilian: Tumasi

Venetan: Tomà

→ Basque: Tomas

→ Czech: Tomáš

→ Danish: Thomas, Tomas
→ Greenlandic: Tuumarsi

→ Estonian: Toomas

→ Faroese: Tummas

→ Finnish: Tuomas

→ German: Thomas

→ Hungarian: Tamás

→ Icelandic: Tómas

→ Irish: Tomás

→ Latvian: Toms, Tomass

→ Lithuanian: Tomas

→ Maltese: Tumas

→ Manx: Thomaase

→ Middle English: Thomas
English: Thomas
→ Hawaiian: Kamaki
→ Maori: Tāmati
→ Scottish Gaelic: Tòmas

→ Norwegian: Thomas, Tomas

→ Polish: Tomasz

→ Sami: Dommá, Duomis, Duommá

→ Scottish Gaelic: Tàmhas, Tòmas

→ Slovak: Tomáš

→ Slovene: Tomaž

→ Swedish: Tomas, Thomas

→ Welsh: Tomos

→ West Frisian: Tomas

[ˈt̪ʰoːmäːs̠]

From Ancient Greek Θωμᾶς m (Thōmâs), the Biblical Greek transcription of Aramaic תאומא or תאמא (“twin”), the nickname of one of the Twelve Apostles.


Uranus

la-proper noun

Ūranus m sg (genitive Ūranī); second declension

Ūranus (canonical masculine singular)
Ūranī (genitive)
Ūranus (nominative singular)
Ūranī (genitive singular)
Ūranō (dative singular)
Ūranum (accusative singular)
Ūranō (ablative singular)
Ūrane (singular vocative)
Ūranī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós), from οὐρανός (ouranós, “sky, heaven”)

(Greek mythology) Uranus (god of the sky)


Pluto

Plūtō m sg (genitive Plūtōnis); third declension

Plūtō (canonical masculine singular)
Plūtōnis (genitive)
Plūtō (nominative singular)
Plūtōnis (genitive singular)
Plūtōnī (dative singular)
Plūtōnem (accusative singular)
Plūtōne (ablative singular)
Plūtō (singular vocative)

[ˈpɫ̪uːt̪oː]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn, “god of the underworld”).

bor

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Pluto (god of the underworld)


Martha

la-proper noun

Martha f (genitive Marthae); first declension

Marthae (genitive)
Martha (nominative singular)
Marthae (nominative plural)
Marthae (genitive singular)
Marthārum (genitive plural)
Marthae (dative singular)
Marthīs (dative plural)
Martham (accusative singular)
Marthās (accusative plural)
Marthā (ablative singular)
Marthīs (ablative plural)
Martha (singular vocative)
Marthae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: Marta

→ Czech: Marta

→ Danish: Martha

→ Dutch: Marta

→ English: Martha

→ Hawaiian: Maleka

→ Maori: Māta

→ Estonian: Marta

→ Faroese: Marta

→ Finnish: Martta, Marppa

→ French: Marthe

→ Galician: Marta

→ German: Marta, Martha

→ Hungarian: Márta

→ Icelandic: Marta

→ Italian: Marta

→ Latvian: Marta

→ Lithuanian: Morta

→ Northern Sami: Mártá

→ Norwegian: Marte, Martha, Marthe

→ Polish: Marta

→ Portuguese: Marta

→ Romanian: Marta

→ Slovak: Marta

→ Slovene: Marta

→ Spanish: Marta

→ Swedish: Marta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μάρθα (Mártha), from Aramaic מָרְתָא (mārtā).


pax

la-noun

pāx f (genitive pācis); third declension

pāx (canonical feminine)
pācis (genitive)
pāx (nominative singular)
pācēs (nominative plural)
pācis (genitive singular)
pācum (genitive plural)
pācī (dative singular)
pācibus (dative plural)
pācem (accusative singular)
pācēs (accusative plural)
pāce (ablative singular)
pācibus (ablative plural)
pāx (singular vocative)
pācēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: pace

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian:

Ligurian:

Lombard: paas

Piedmontese: pas

Romagnol:

Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: paz

Catalan: pau

Occitan: patz

desctree

Old French: pais
Middle French:
French: paix
Anglo-Norman: peis
→ Middle English: pees, pes, pese, pece
English: peace
Yola: pace
Bourguignon: pois
Walloon: påye
→ Dutch: peis
→ Middle English: pees, pes, pais

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: paz

Mirandese: paç

Old Galician-Portuguese: paz
Galician: paz
Portuguese: paz

Old Spanish: paz

Spanish: paz

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: patz

Italian: pace

Sicilian: paci

→ Maltese: paċi

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: pâs

Ladin: pesc

Romansch: pasch, pesch

Sardinian:

Campidanese: paxi

Logudorese: paghe

Nuorese: pache

Venetan: paxe

Early borrowings:

→ Albanian: paqe

→ Basque: bake

→ Old Irish: póc (see there for further descendants)

Modern borrowings:

→ Middle English: pax

English: pax ⇒ paxis

desc

→⇒ English: Pax Americana, Pax Mongolica, Pax Manjurica, Pax Sinica, Pax Sovietica

→ Esperanto: paco

Ido: paco

→ Swedish: pax

From Proto-Italic *pāks, Proto-Indo-European *péh₂ḱ-s (“peace”), from the root *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, to attach”).

(transferred sense) grace (esp. from the gods)


abbatissa

la-noun

abbātissa f (genitive abbātissae, masculine abbās); first declension

abbātissa (canonical feminine)
abbātissae (genitive)
abbās (masculine)
abbātissa (nominative singular)
abbātissae (nominative plural)
abbātissae (genitive singular)
abbātissārum (genitive plural)
abbātissae (dative singular)
abbātissīs (dative plural)
abbātissam (accusative singular)
abbātissās (accusative plural)
abbātissā (ablative singular)
abbātissīs (ablative plural)
abbātissa (singular vocative)
abbātissae (plural vocative)

→ Breton: abadessa

Catalan: abadessa

→ Czech: abatyše

→ Danish: abbedisse

→ Dutch: abdis

→ English: abbatess

→ Finnish: abbedissa

→ Icelandic: abbadís

desc

Italian: badessa, abadessa, abbadessa (archaic)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: abbedisse

Old French: abaesse, abeesse

French: abbesse

Norman: abbêsse

→ Middle English: abbesse

English: abbess

→ Middle High German: abtissine

→ Czech: jeptiška

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: abadessa
Galician: abadesa
Portuguese: abadessa

Old Spanish: abbadesa

Spanish: abadesa
→ Basque: abadesa
→ Hiligaynon: abadesa
→ Tagalog: abadesa

→ Polish: abtysa (learned)

Romanian: abatesă

→ Russian: аббатиса (abbatisa)

→ Swedish: abbedissa

→ Ukrainian: абатиса (abatysa)

→ Welsh: abades

[äbːäːˈt̪ɪs̠ːä]

[äbːäˈt̪isːä]

abbās (“abbot”) + -issa (“feminine noun-forming suffix”).

affix

(Late Latin) abbess, female head of an abbey


Agnus Dei

la-proper noun

Agnus Deī m sg (genitive Agnī Deī); second declension

Agnus Deī (canonical masculine singular)
Agnī Deī (genitive)
Agnus Deī (nominative singular)
Agnī Deī (genitive singular)
Agnō Deī (dative singular)
Agnum Deī (accusative singular)
Agnō Deī (ablative singular)
Agne Deī (singular vocative)

English: Agnus Dei

desc

Portuguese: Agnus Dei, agnus dei, Cordeiro de Deus (calque)

[ˈäŋnʊs̠ ˈd̪eiː]

[ˈäɲːus ˈd̪ɛːi]

Calque of Ancient Greek Ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ (Amnòs toû Theoû). The name refers to Jesus' role as a sacrificial lamb that is (voluntarily) slaughtered on the Cross.

calque

Ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ

Agnus Deī, quī tollis peccāta mundī...

Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world...

Literally, “Lamb of God”, a title applied by Christians to Jesus, whose death they equate with the offering of such animals for sacrifice at the temple in Jerusalem by those who have sinned, as described in the Hebrew scriptures.


magus

la-noun

magus m (genitive magī); second declension

magī (genitive)
magus (nominative singular)
magī (nominative plural)
magī (genitive singular)
magōrum (genitive plural)
magō (dative singular)
magīs (dative plural)
magum (accusative singular)
magōs (accusative plural)
magō (ablative singular)
magīs (ablative plural)
mage (singular vocative)
magī (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: magiër

→ English: Magi, mage, magus

Catalan: magi

French: mage

→ Hungarian: mágus

Italian: mago

Piedmontese: mago

Portuguese: mago

Romanian: mag

→ Spanish: mago

→ Cebuano: mago

From Ancient Greek μάγος (mágos, “magician”), from Μάγος (Mágos, “Magian”), of an indeterminate Old Iranian origin (see Μάγος (Mágos) for details).


monachus

monachus m (genitive monachī); second declension

monachī (genitive)
monachus (nominative singular)
monachī (nominative plural)
monachī (genitive singular)
monachōrum (genitive plural)
monachō (dative singular)
monachīs (dative plural)
monachum (accusative singular)
monachōs (accusative plural)
monachō (ablative singular)
monachīs (ablative plural)
monache (singular vocative)
monachī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

desctree

Italian: monaco
→ Sardinian: monacu (modern form)

Neapolitan: monaco

Sicilian: mònacu, mònicu, mònucu

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: monago

Old Galician-Portuguese: moogo
Galician: Mogo (surname)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: monacu, monagu (inherited medieval forms)

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: murg

→ Basque: monako

→ Old Irish: manach (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *manax (see there for further descendants)

→ Swahili: mmonaki

North Italian:

Friulian: muini

Ligurian: mónego

Lombard: mòneg

Piedmontese: monio

Romansch: muntg, montg, muong

Venetan: munego, monego

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: monjo (see there for further descendants)

Franco-Provençal: mouéno

Old French: monie (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: mounje, mounye, mouyne, mounàch

Old Occitan: monge (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Proto-West Germanic: *munik (see there for further descendants)

[ˈmɔnäkʰʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).


fons

la-noun

fōns m (genitive fontis); third declension

fōns (canonical masculine)
fontis (genitive)
fōns (nominative singular)
fontēs (nominative plural)
fontis (genitive singular)
fontium (genitive plural)
fontī (dative singular)
fontibus (dative plural)
fontem (accusative singular)
fontēs (accusative plural)
fontīs (accusative plural)
fonte (ablative singular)
fontibus (ablative plural)
fōns (singular vocative)
fontēs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: fuent

Asturian: fonte f, fuente f

Catalan: font f

Extremaduran: fuenti, huenti

Franco-Provençal: font

French: fonts m pl

Italian: fonte f

Leonese: fonte

Mirandese: fuonte f

Occitan: fònt f

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: fonte f, fõte, ffonte
Fala: fonti f
Galician: fonte f
Portuguese: fonte f

Sicilian: funti

Spanish: fuente f

Venetan: fontego

→ Old English: font

Middle English: font

English: font

From Proto-Italic *fontis, from earlier *θontis, from a Proto-Indo-European root cognate with Sanskrit धन्वति (dhanvati, “flows, runs”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰónh₂-ti-s, from *dʰenh₂- (“to flow”). See also Danube.

cog

(by metonymy) a well, fountain or font (a large container where water pools)

(Christianity) the baptismal font (a pool or basin of water used for baptism)


tridentiger

la-noun

tridentiger m (genitive tridentigerī); second declension

tridentigerī (genitive)
tridentiger (nominative singular)
tridentigerī (nominative plural)
tridentigerī (genitive singular)
tridentigerōrum (genitive plural)
tridentigerō (dative singular)
tridentigerīs (dative plural)
tridentigerum (accusative singular)
tridentigerōs (accusative plural)
tridentigerō (ablative singular)
tridentigerīs (ablative plural)
tridentiger (singular vocative)
tridentigerī (plural vocative)

[t̪rɪˈd̪ɛn̪t̪ɪɡɛr]

trident-bearer (an epithet of Neptune, god of the sea)


Beelzebub

[beˈɛɫ̪d̪͡z̪ɛbʊb]

Translating Ancient Greek Βεελζεβούλ (Beelzeboúl) and Biblical Hebrew בעל זבוב (Ba‘al-z'būb, “fly-lord”); perhaps a corruption of Beelzebul, meaning Lord of the Dwelling, with -bul altered to -bub to change the meaning to Lord of the Flies.

der

(biblical) the god of the Philistine city of Ekron.


Andreas

la-proper noun

Andrē̆ās m sg (genitive Andrē̆ae); first declension

Andrē̆ās (canonical masculine singular)
Andrē̆ae (genitive)
Andrē̆ās (nominative singular)
Andrē̆ae (genitive singular)
Andrē̆ae (dative singular)
Andrē̆am (accusative singular)
Andrē̆ān (accusative singular)
Andrē̆ā (ablative singular)
Andrē̆ā (singular vocative)

Catalan: Andreu

French: André

Galician: André, Andrade

Italian: Andrea

Old Galician-Portuguese: Andreu

Portuguese: André

Piedmontese: Andrèia

Ligurian: Drîa

Romanian: Îndrea, Andrea, Undrea

Spanish: Andrés

[än̪ˈd̪reːäːs̠]

[ˈän̪d̪reäːs̠]

[än̪ˈd̪rɛːäs]

Borrowed from the Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέᾱς (Andréās).

a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Andrew


Iuppiter

Iuppiter m (genitive Iovis); third declension

Iovis (genitive)
Iuppiter (nominative singular)
Iovēs (nominative plural)
Iovis (genitive singular)
Iovum (genitive plural)
Iovī (dative singular)
Iovibus (dative plural)
Iovem (accusative singular)
Iovēs (accusative plural)
Iove (ablative singular)
Iovibus (ablative plural)
Iuppiter (singular vocative)
Iovēs (plural vocative)

→ Afrikaans: Jupiter

→ Arabic: جُوبِيتَر (jūbītar)

→ Armenian: Յուպիտեր (Yupiter)

Asturian: Xúpiter

→ Azerbaijani: Yupiter

→ Bashkir: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Basque: Jupiter

→ Bulgarian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

Catalan: Júpiter

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 朱庇特 (Zhūbìtè)

Cantonese: 朱庇特 (zyu1 bei3 dak6)

→ Cornish: Jubyter, Yow

→ Czech: Jupiter

→ Dutch: Jupiter

→ English: Jupiter, Jove

→ Esperanto: Jupitero

→ Estonian: Jupiter

→ Finnish: Juppiter, Jupiter

Franco-Provençal: Jupitèr

French: Jupiter

Galician: Xúpiter

→ German: Jupiter

→ Hungarian: Jupiter

→ Icelandic: Júpíter

→ Indonesian: Yupiter

→ Irish: Iúpatar

Italian: Giove

→ Latvian: Jupiters

→ Lithuanian: Jupiteris

→ Macedonian: Јупитер (Jupiter)

→ Maltese: Ġovè

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: Юпи́теръ (Jupíter), Упи́теръ (Upíter)
Belarusian: Юпі́тэр (Jupíter)
Carpathian Rusyn: Юпі́тер (Jupíter)
Ukrainian: Юпі́тер (Jupíter); юпі́тер (jupíter)

→ Persian: ژوپیتر (župiter)

→ Polish: Jowisz, Jupiter

Portuguese: Júpiter

→ Romanian: Jupiter

→ Russian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Jùpiter/Ју̀питер

→ Slovak: Jupiter

→ Slovene: Júpiter

Spanish: Júpiter

→ Swedish: Jupiter

→ Tagalog: Hupiter

→ Turkish: Jüpiter

→ Tuvan: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Wolof: Yupiter

→ Yoruba: Júpítérì

→ Zulu: uJupitheri

[ˈi̯ʊpːɪt̪ɛr]

The nominative Iuppiter, for Iūpiter (with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per the "littera" rule), comes from the vocative combined with pater, and essentially meant "father Jove"; from Proto-Italic *djous patēr, from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), root nomen agentis from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Cognate with Umbrian 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), and in other branches of Indo-European Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyáuṣ-pitṛ́), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”). Equivalent to diēs (cf. Iovis) + pater.
The oblique cases Iov-, Iovis continue the inflection of Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Cognates are Latin diēs (originating from the accusative case of *djous) and Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).

cog

Nē Juppiter quidem omnibus placet.

(Roman mythology) Jupiter (god of the sky and ruler of the Roman pantheon)


Mercurius

la-proper noun

Mercurius m sg (genitive Mercuriī or Mercurī); second declension

Mercuriī (genitive)
Mercurī (genitive)
Mercurius (nominative singular)
Mercuriī (genitive singular)
Mercurī (genitive singular)
Mercuriō (dative singular)
Mercurium (accusative singular)
Mercuriō (ablative singular)
Mercurī (singular vocative)

→ Bulgarian: Меркурий (Merkurij)

→ Catalan: Mercuri (learned)

→ Czech: Merkur

→ Danish: Merkur

→ Middle English: Mercurie, mercurie

English: Mercury, mercury

→ Finnish: Merkurius

→ French: Mercure (learned)

→ Galician: Mercurio (learned)

→ German: Merkur

→ Indonesian: Merkurius

→ Italian: Mercurio (learned)

→ Latvian: Merkur

→ Portuguese: Mercúrio (learned)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *Merxür

Breton: Merc'her

Cornish: Merher

Middle Welsh: Merchyr

Welsh: Mercher

→ Russian: Меркурий (Merkurij)

→ Spanish: Mercurio (learned)

→ Swedish: Merkurius

→ Ukrainian: Меркурій (Merkurij)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *mercuriāgo

Catalan: melcoratge

Possibly from merx (“merchandise”), or perhaps from Etruscan and influenced by merx.

(Roman mythology) Mercury (god of speed and commerce)


sacerdos

la-noun

sacerdōs m or f (genitive sacerdōtis); third declension

sacerdōs (canonical feminine masculine)
sacerdōtis (genitive)
sacerdōs (nominative singular)
sacerdōtēs (nominative plural)
sacerdōtis (genitive singular)
sacerdōtum (genitive plural)
sacerdōtī (dative singular)
sacerdōtibus (dative plural)
sacerdōtem (accusative singular)
sacerdōtēs (accusative plural)
sacerdōte (ablative singular)
sacerdōtibus (ablative plural)
sacerdōs (singular vocative)
sacerdōtēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: sacerdote

Catalan: sacerdot

→ Chinese: 司鐸 /司铎 (sīduó) (phono-semantic loan)

Galician: sacerdote

Italian: sacerdote

→ Sardinian: satzerdote, sacerdote

Portuguese: sacerdote

Old English: sacerd

Romanian: sacerdot

Sicilian: sacirduti

Spanish: sacerdote

desctree

→ Old Irish: sacart
Irish: sagart
Manx: saggyrt
Scottish Gaelic: sagart
⇒ Middle Irish: sacartacht

From Proto-Italic *sakrodōts. Equivalent to sacer (“sacred, holy”) plus an affix derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁- (“to do”).


Serapis

la-proper noun

Serāpis m sg (genitive Serāpidis or Serāpis); third declension

Serāpis (canonical masculine singular)
Serāpidis (genitive)
Serāpis (genitive)
Serāpis (nominative singular)
Serāpidis (genitive singular)
Serāpis (genitive singular)
Serāpidī (dative singular)
Serāpī (dative singular)
Serāpidem (accusative singular)
Serāpem (accusative singular)
Serāpide (ablative singular)
Serāpe (ablative singular)
Serāpis (singular vocative)

[s̠ɛˈräːpɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σάρᾱπις (Sárāpis) (later Σέρᾱπις (Sérāpis)), from Egyptian wsjr-ḥp.


Adam

Ādām (canonical masculine singular)
Ādām (nominative singular)
Ādām (genitive singular)
Ādām (dative singular)
Ādām (accusative singular)
Ādām (ablative singular)
Ādām (singular vocative)

desctree

→ Middle High German: Adam
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Aadem
German: Adam

→ Old English: Adam
Middle English: Adam
English: Adam
Scots: Adam

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Adan, Adam
Galician: Adán
Portuguese: Adão

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀδάμ (Adám), borrowed from Hebrew אָדָם, from א־ד־ם.


Medusa

la-proper noun

Medūsa f sg (genitive Medūsae); first declension

Medūsa (canonical feminine singular)
Medūsae (genitive)
Medūsa (nominative singular)
Medūsae (genitive singular)
Medūsae (dative singular)
Medūsam (accusative singular)
Medūsā (ablative singular)
Medūsa (singular vocative)

[mɛˈd̪uːs̠ä]

From Ancient Greek Μέδουσα (Médousa), from μέδω (médō, “rule over”).


Saul

Saūl m sg (variously declined, genitive Saūl or Saūlis); indeclinable, third declension

Saūl (canonical masculine singular)
Saūl (genitive)
Saūlis (genitive)
Saūl (nominative singular)
Saūl (genitive singular)
Saūlis (genitive singular)
Saūl (dative singular)
Saūlī (dative singular)
Saūl (accusative singular)
Saūlem (accusative singular)
Saūl (ablative singular)
Saūle (ablative singular)
Saūl (singular vocative)

From Biblical Hebrew שָׁאוּל (shaúl, “asked for”).


Persephone

la-proper noun

Persephonē f sg (genitive Persephonēs); first declension

Persephonē (canonical feminine singular)
Persephonēs (genitive)
Persephonē (nominative singular)
Persephonēs (genitive singular)
Persephonae (dative singular)
Persephonēn (accusative singular)
Persephonē (ablative singular)
Persephonē (singular vocative)

From the Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).

(Greek mythology) Persephone (Greek goddess)


Aphrodite

Aphrodītē f sg (genitive Aphrodītēs); first declension

Aphrodītē (canonical feminine singular)
Aphrodītēs (genitive)
Aphrodītē (nominative singular)
Aphrodītēs (genitive singular)
Aphrodītae (dative singular)
Aphrodītēn (accusative singular)
Aphrodītē (ablative singular)
Aphrodītē (singular vocative)

[äpʰrɔˈd̪iːt̪eː]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē).


Biblia

la-prop

Biblia n pl (genitive Bibliōrum); second declension

Bibliōrum (genitive)
Biblia (nominative plural)
Bibliōrum (genitive plural)
Bibliīs (dative plural)
Biblia (accusative plural)
Bibliīs (ablative plural)
Biblia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βῐβλῐ́ᾰ (bĭblĭ́ă, plural of βῐβλῐ́ον (bĭblĭ́on, “document; book”)).

bor+

plural of <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">βῐβλῐ́ον</i> (bĭblĭ́on, “document; book”)


prior

la-adj

prior (neuter prius, superlative prīmus); third-declension comparative adjective

prius (neuter)
prīmus (superlative)
prior (feminine masculine nominative singular)
prius (neuter nominative singular)
priōrēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
priōra (neuter nominative plural)
priōris (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
priōrum (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
priōrī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
priōribus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
priōrem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
prius (accusative neuter singular)
priōrēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
priōrīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
priōra (accusative neuter plural)
priōre (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
priōrī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
priōribus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
prior (feminine masculine singular vocative)
prius (neuter singular vocative)
priōrēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
priōra (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: prior

→ Czech: převor

→ Dutch: prior

→ English: prior

→ Finnish: priori

→ French: prieur

→ Irish: prióir

→ Galician: prior

→ Italian: priore

→ Middle High German: prior

German: Prior

→ Norwegian Bokmål: priori

→ Polish: przeor

→ Romanian: prior

→ Russian: приор (prior)

→ Spanish: prior

→ Portuguese: prior

From Proto-Italic *priōs, from earlier *prijōs, from *pri + *-jōs, thus the comparative degree of Old Latin *pri (“before”), from Proto-Italic *pri from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”), *pró (“before”).

(substantive, Medieval Latin) abbot, prior


Baal

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βάαλ (Báal), from Biblical Hebrew בַּעַל (Báʿal), from Proto-Semitic *baʿl-.


Ares

la-proper noun

Arēs m sg (genitive Aris); third declension

Arēs (canonical masculine singular)
Aris (genitive)
Arēs (nominative singular)
Aris (genitive singular)
Arī (dative singular)
Arem (accusative singular)
Are (ablative singular)
Arēs (singular vocative)

Catalan: Ares

English: Ares

French: Arès

Galician: Ares

Italian: Ares

Portuguese: Ares

Romanian: Ares

Spanish: Ares

(Greek mythology) Ares, Mars in Greek or literary contexts


Lucifer

Lūcifer m sg (genitive Lūciferī); second declension

Lūcifer (canonical masculine singular)
Lūciferī (genitive)
Lūcifer (nominative singular)
Lūciferī (genitive singular)
Lūciferō (dative singular)
Lūciferum (accusative singular)
Lūciferō (ablative singular)
Lūcifer (singular vocative)

Aromanian: lutseafir

Romanian: Luceafăr

→ Catalan: Llucifer, lucífer

→ French: Lucifer

→ English: luciferous, Lucifer

→ Italian: lucifero, Lucifero

desc

→ Polish: lucyfer, Lucyfer, lucyper, Lucyper

→ Portuguese: lucífero, Lúcifer

→ Romanian: Lucifer

→ Spanish: lucífero, Lucifer, Luzbel

→ German: Luzifer

[ˈɫ̪uːkɪfɛr]

From lūx + -fer, calque of Ancient Greek Φωσφόρος (Phōsphóros).


discipulus

la-noun

discipulus m (genitive discipulī); second declension

discipulī (genitive)
discipulus (nominative singular)
discipulī (nominative plural)
discipulī (genitive singular)
discipulōrum (genitive plural)
discipulō (dative singular)
discipulīs (dative plural)
discipulum (accusative singular)
discipulōs (accusative plural)
discipulō (ablative singular)
discipulīs (ablative plural)
discipule (singular vocative)
discipulī (plural vocative)

English: disciple

Catalan: deixeble

French: disciple

Old Irish: deiscipul

Irish: deisceabal

Scottish Gaelic: deisciobal

Italian: discepolo

Norman: discipl'ye (Jersey)

desc

Old Galician-Portuguese: sêpolo, decipolo, discipulo

Portuguese: discípulo

Romanian: discipol

Spanish: discípulo

Welsh: disgybl

[d̪ɪs̠ˈkɪpʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From dis- + Proto-Italic *kapelos (“one who takes”) corresponding to *dwiskapelos, from *kapiō (“take”) (whence capiō). Sense influenced by the unrelated verb discō (“learn”).

(military) cadet (student in a military school or state program)


Mattathias

la-proper noun

Mattathiās m sg (genitive Mattathiae); first declension

Mattathiās (canonical masculine singular)
Mattathiae (genitive)
Mattathiās (nominative singular)
Mattathiae (genitive singular)
Mattathiae (dative singular)
Mattathiān (accusative singular)
Mattathiā (ablative singular)
Mattathiā (singular vocative)

English: Mattathias

Polish: Matatiasz

[mät̪ˈt̪ät̪ʰiäːs̠]

[mät̪ˈt̪äːt̪iäs]

From the Ancient Greek Μᾰττᾰθῐ́ᾱς (Măttăthĭ́ās), from the Biblical Hebrew מַתִּתְיָהוּ (mattiṯyāhū).

der

מַתִּתְיָהוּ

In diebus illis ſurrexit Mathathias filius Ioannis, filij Simeonis, ſacerdos ex filijs Ioarib ab Ieruſalem, & conſedit in monte Modin: & habebat filios quinque, Ioannem, qui cognominabatur Gaddis: & Simeonem, qui cognominabatur Thaſi: & Iudã, qui vocabatur Machabæus: & Eleazarum, qui cognominabatur Abaron: & Ionathan, qui cognominabatur Apphus.
In thoſe dayes aroſe Mathathias the ſonne of Iohn, the ſonne of Simeon, prieſt of the ſonnes of Ioarib from Ieruſalem, and he ſate in the mountayne of Modin: and he had fiue ſonnes, Iohn who was ſurnamed Gaddis: and Simon, who was ſurnamed Thaſi: and Iudas, who was called Machabeus: and Eleazar, who was ſurnamed Abaron: and Ionathan, who was ſurnamed Apphus. ― translation from: The ſecond tome of the Holie Bible faithfully tranſlated into Engliſh, out of the authentical Latin (1610), The Firſt Booke of Macabees ii:1–5 (page 896)

1592, Biblia Sacra Vulgatæ editionis Sixti Quinti Pont. Max. juſſu recognita atque edita (first edition), Liber Primus Machabæorum ij:1–5 (page 852)

a male given name from Hebrew — famously held by:

(Judaism and Christianity) Mattathias (Jewish priest feat. in 1 Macc., instigator of the Maccabean Revolt and progenitor of the Hasmoneans)

qui fuit Mathathiæ, qui fuit Amos, qui fuit Nahum, qui fuit Heſli, qui fuit Nagge,
vvho vvas of Matthathias, vvho vvas of Amos, vvho vvas of Naum, vvho vvas of Heſli, vvho vvas of Naggé, ― translation from: The Nevv Teſtament of Ieſus Chriſt, tranſlated faithfully into Engliſh, out of the authentical Latin (1582), The Holy Goſpel of Ieſus Chriſt according to Luke iii:25 (page 144)

1592, Biblia Sacra Vulgatæ editionis Sixti Quinti Pont. Max. juſſu recognita atque edita (first edition), Sanctum Ieſu Chriſti Euangelium ſecundum Lucam iij:25 (page 952/1)

(Christianity) Mattathias (son of Amos and father of Joseph, 6×great-grandfather of Jesus)

qui fuit Mahath, qui fuit Mathathiæ, qui fuit Semei, qui fuit Ioſeph, qui fuit Iuda,
vvho vvas of Mahath, vvho vvas of Matthathias, vvho vvas of Semei, vvho vvas of Ioſeph, vvho vvas of Iuda, ― translation from: The Nevv Teſtament of Ieſus Chriſt, tranſlated faithfully into Engliſh, out of the authentical Latin (1582), The Holy Goſpel of Ieſus Chriſt according to Luke iii:26 (page 144)

1592, Biblia Sacra Vulgatæ editionis Sixti Quinti Pont. Max. juſſu recognita atque edita (first edition), Sanctum Ieſu Chriſti Euangelium ſecundum Lucam iij:26 (page 952/1)

(Christianity) Mattathias (son of Semei and father of Mahath, 12×great-grandfather of Jesus)


Satan

From Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Biblical Hebrew שָׂטָן (Śāṭān, “adversary, accuser”).


Dionysus

la-proper noun

Dionȳsus m sg (genitive Dionȳsī); second declension

Dionȳsus (canonical masculine singular)
Dionȳsī (genitive)
Dionȳsus (nominative singular)
Dionȳsī (genitive singular)
Dionȳsō (dative singular)
Dionȳsum (accusative singular)
Dionȳsō (ablative singular)
Dionȳse (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Dionysus, a Greek god.


genius

la-noun

genius m (genitive geniī or genī); second declension

geniī (genitive)
genī (genitive)
genius (nominative singular)
geniī (nominative plural)
geniī (genitive singular)
genī (genitive singular)
geniōrum (genitive plural)
geniō (dative singular)
geniīs (dative plural)
genium (accusative singular)
geniōs (accusative plural)
geniō (ablative singular)
geniīs (ablative plural)
genī (singular vocative)
geniī (plural vocative)

Catalan: giny, → geni

→ Dutch: genie

→ English: genius, genie

→ French: génie

→ English: genie

→ German: Genie

→ German: Genius

→ Italian: genio

→ Portuguese: génio, gênio (Brazil)

→ Romanian: geniu

→ Serbo-Croatian: genij

→ Spanish: genio

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget”), perhaps through Old Latin genō (“to beget, give birth; to produce, cause”), + *-yos; compare Proto-Germanic *kunją (“kin”) and Sanskrit जन्य n (jánya, “lineage, tribe, people”), though all probably independent formations. Comparisons with Aramaic ܓܢܝܐ (ginnaya, “tutelary deity”), and with Arabic جِنِّي (jinnī, “jinn, spirit, demon”) and جَنِين (janīn, “embryo, germ”), suggest the effects of an older substrate word.

noncog

the deity or guardian spirit of a person, place, etc.; a daemon, a daimon (cf. Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn))


nativitas

la-noun

nātīvitās f (genitive nātīvitātis); third declension

nātīvitās (canonical feminine)
nātīvitātis (genitive)
nātīvitās (nominative singular)
nātīvitātēs (nominative plural)
nātīvitātis (genitive singular)
nātīvitātum (genitive plural)
nātīvitātī (dative singular)
nātīvitātibus (dative plural)
nātīvitātem (accusative singular)
nātīvitātēs (accusative plural)
nātīvitāte (ablative singular)
nātīvitātibus (ablative plural)
nātīvitās (singular vocative)
nātīvitātēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: nativitat, Nativitat

English: nativity, Nativity

French: nativité, Nativité

Italian: natività, Natività

Portuguese: natividade, Natividade

Romanian: nativitate

Spanish: natividad, Navidad

[näːˈt̪iːu̯ɪt̪äːs̠]

From Proto-Italic *gnātīwitāts. Equivalent to nātīvus (“native, natural”) + -tās, from nāscor (“I am born”).


soror

soror f (genitive sorōris); third declension

sorōris (genitive)
soror (nominative singular)
sorōrēs (nominative plural)
sorōris (genitive singular)
sorōrum (genitive plural)
sorōrī (dative singular)
sorōribus (dative plural)
sorōrem (accusative singular)
sorōrēs (accusative plural)
sorōre (ablative singular)
sorōribus (ablative plural)
soror (singular vocative)
sorōrēs (plural vocative)

Via accusative sorōrem (~ *serōrem):

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: suroră

Dalmatian:

seraur

Italo-Romance:

Old Italian: serore, sorore

North Italian:

Istriot: sorura

Old Lombard: seror

Lombard: seror

Old Venetan: sorore

Piedmontese: sëror (Biella, Val Sesia)

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: seror

Old French: seror, serur

Occitano-Romance:

Old Occitan: seror

Gascon: seror

→ Old Spanish: seror

Borrowings:

→ Interlingua: soror

→ Portuguese: soror

Via nominative sŏror:

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: sor

Dalmatian:

saur

Italo-Romance:

Old Italian: soro, suoro

Sicilian: soru

North Italian:

Friulian: sûr

Lombard: sor

Old Emilian: sore

Old Ligurian: sor

Ligurian: seu

Old Venetan: sor

Old Piedmontese: suor

Piedmontese: seur, seure

Romansch: sour

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: suèr

Old French: suer

French: sœur

Norman: soeu

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: sor

→ Spanish: sor

Occitan:

Auvergnat: sòrre, suerre

Gascon: sòr

Languedocien: sòrre, sòr

Provençal: sòrre

Vivaro-Alpine: sór, sòrre

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: sorre (Logudorese), sorri (Campidanese)

Borrowings:

→ English: soror

Via Vulgar Latin *sŏra (< sŏror):

Balkan-Romance:

Aromanian: sorã

Megleno-Romanian: soră

Romanian: soră

Italo-Romance:

Italian: sora, suora ⇒ sorella

q

Neapolitan: sora (dialectal plural serure < *serōrēs < sorōrēs)

North Italian:

Piedmontese: seura

Romansch: sora

⇒ Venetan: sorela, soreła

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: suèra

From Proto-Italic *swezōr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


deus

la-noun

deus m (irregular, genitive deī, feminine dea); second declension

deī (genitive)
dea (feminine)
deus (nominative singular)
dī (nominative plural)
diī (nominative plural)
deī (nominative plural)
deī (genitive singular)
deōrum (genitive plural)
deûm (genitive plural)
divom (genitive plural)
deō (dative singular)
dīs (dative plural)
diīs (dative plural)
deīs (dative plural)
deum (accusative singular)
deōs (accusative plural)
deō (ablative singular)
dīs (ablative plural)
diīs (ablative plural)
deīs (ablative plural)
dee (singular vocative)
deus (singular vocative)
dī (plural vocative)
diī (plural vocative)
deī (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Romanian: zeu, zău

Franco-Provençal: diô

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: diu, dio

Dalmatian: di, dai

Istriot: deo

Italian: dio, deh

Neapolitan: ddìo

Sicilian: deu, diu

Occitano-Romance

Catalan: déu

Old Occitan: deu

Occitan: dieu

Old French: deu

desctree

Middle French: dieu
French: dieu
Haitian Creole: dye

Bourguignon: dei

Norman: dùu, dgieu

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: diu

Romansch: dieu

Sardinian: déu

Venetan: dio

West Iberian

Aragonese: dios

Extremaduran: dios

Old Leonese:

Asturian: dios

Leonese: dius, dious

Mirandese: dius

Old Galician-Portuguese: deus
Galician: deus
Portuguese: deus (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: dio, dios
Ladino: dio
Ladino: dio
Spanish: dios (see there for further descendants)

From Old Latin deivos, from Proto-Italic *deiwos, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós. An o-stem derivative from *dyew- (“sky, heaven”), from which also diēs and Iuppiter.
Details
Doublet of dīvus: dẹ̄vos, -om, -ōs > dẹ̄os, -om, -ōs with regular loss of -v- before a rounded vowel; it was also lost between identical vowels, followed by contraction: *dẹ̄vẹ̄(s) > dī(s). As a result, the close -ẹ̄- escaped the regular raising to /ī/ of urban (but not dialectal) Latin, instead merging with /ē/, which itself underwent raising. The remaining genitive singular *dī was regularised to deī, while the vocative became part of the paradigm of the newly-reshaped dīvus. de- was later analogicaly introduced into the plural; the form diī(s) is absent from Plautus, and might have been reincorporated from a contraction of dīvī (with the same condition as before), or even be purely orthographic.
Cognates with Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús), Ancient Greek Διεύς (Dieús), Sanskrit देव (devá), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬎𐬎𐬀 (daēuua), Welsh duw, Lithuanian dievas, Latvian dievs, Persian دیو (div, “demon”).
Despite its superficial similarity in form and meaning, not related to Ancient Greek θεός (theós) — the Latin cognate of the latter is Latin fānum.

HEGIO Ergasile, salvē. ERGASILUS Dī tē bene ament, Hēgiō.

c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 138–140

HE. How are you, Ergasilus? ER. May the gods be kind to you, Hegio.

Hic vērō, dē quō ego ipse tam multa nunc dīcō. Prō, dī immortālēs! Quid est? Quid valet?

57 BCE, Cicero, De haruspicum responsis 42

And as for him, the man that I myself have now spent so many words on. Good gods! What is he? What power does he exert?

Sī nōn vīderant medicī, meritō essent culpandī […] Et, ō bone deus, hī sunt ipsī, quī imputant suam culpam medicāmentīs quasi nihil proficientibus!

47 CE, Scribonius Largus, Compositiones medicamentorum 84.6–7, 17–19

If physicians didn't see this, they deserved to be blamed […] And, my god, these are the very people who blame their failure on medications, saying that they don't work!

Sacrāvit parentem suum Caesar nōn imperiō, sed religiōne. Nōn appellāvit eum, sed fēcit deum.

ca. 19 BCE – ca. 31 CE, Velleius Paterculus, Historia Romana 2.126

Augustus deified his father [Julius] not by the exercise of power, but by creating an attitude of reverence. He did not just call him a god, but made him be one.

In prīncipiō erat Verbum, et Verbum erat apud Deum, et Deus erat Verbum.

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and God was the Word.


Iesus

la-proper noun

Iēsūs m sg (irregular, genitive Iēsū); fourth declension

Iēsūs (canonical masculine singular)
Iēsū (genitive)
Iēsūs (nominative singular)
Iēsū (genitive singular)
Iēsū (dative singular)
Iēsum (accusative singular)
Iēsū (ablative singular)
Iēsū (singular vocative)

→ Aragonese: Chesús

→ Asturian: Xesús

→ Car Nicobarese: Yēsū

Catalan: Jesús

→ Chinese: 耶穌 /耶稣 (Yēsū)

Mandarin: 耶穌 /耶稣 (Yēsū, Yésū)

Cantonese: 耶穌 /耶稣 (je4 sou1)

Corsican: Gesù, Ghjesù

→ Esperanto: Jesuo

→ Finnish: Jeesus

French: Jésus

→ Hungarian: Jézus

→ Ido: Iesu

→ Interlingua: Jesus

desctree

→ Old Irish: Íssu, Ísu
Irish: Íosa
Manx: Yeesey
Scottish Gaelic: Ìosa

→ Indonesian: Yesus (learned)

→ Italian: Gesù

Icelandic: Jesús

→ Japanese: イエス (Iesu) (learned)

→ Korean: 예수 (Yesu)

Ladino: Yeshu

Ligurian: Gesû, Gexù

→ Middle English: Jhesus, Iesus, Ihesus, Jesus
English: Jesus
Scots: Jesus

→ Middle High German: Jesus
Central Franconian:
>? Hunsrik: Jesses
German: Jesus, Jhesus, JEsus
→ Hunsrik: Jesus

→ Mirandese: Jasus

Old Occitan: Yeshu

Occitan: Jèsus

Old Galician-Portuguese: Jesu, Jheso, Ihesu
Galician: Xesús
Portuguese: Jesus, Gzuis
→ Japanese: ゼス, ゼズス
→ Old Tupi: Îesu

Old Lombard: Jesu

Lombard: Gesù

Piedmontese: Gesù

Romansch: Gesu

Sardinian: Gesùs

Sicilian: Gisù, Jisù

→ Old Swedish: Iesus

Swedish: Jesus

Old Spanish: Jesu, Jeso

Spanish: Jesús

Venetan: Gesù

→ Vietnamese: Giêsu

From Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšûaʿ).

etymon

Iēsūs

initium evangeliī Iēsū Chrīstī Fīliī Deī

the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God


Iuno

la-proper noun

Iūnō f sg (genitive Iūnōnis); third declension

Iūnō (canonical feminine singular)
Iūnōnis (genitive)
Iūnō (nominative singular)
Iūnōnis (genitive singular)
Iūnōnī (dative singular)
Iūnōnem (accusative singular)
Iūnōne (ablative singular)
Iūnō (singular vocative)

There are two hypotheses:
* From Proto-Indo-European *dyúh₃onh₂-, *dyúh₃nh₂- (“having heavenly authority”), from *dyew- (“sky, heaven”) + *-Hō (“burden, authority”), rendering Iuvō, *Iūnis, normalized to Iūnō, Iūnōnis. See Ancient Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē, “Dione”);
* From Proto-Indo-European *h₂yúh₃onh₂-, *h₂yúh₃nh₂- (“the young goddess”), from *h₂óyu (“long time, lifetime”) + *-Hō (“burden, authority”) also rendering *Iuvō, *Iūnis, normalized to Iūnō, Iūnōnis. See Latin iuvenis (“young”).

cur sit virginibus, quæris, dea culta ministris? / inveniam causas hac quoque parte suas. / ex Ope Iunonem memorant Cereremque creatas / semine Saturni; tertia Vesta fuit. / utraque nupserunt, ambæ peperisse feruntur; / de tribus impatiens restitit una viri.

Why, you ask, is the goddess tended by virgin ministers? I’ll discover the true causes for this as well. They say that Juno and Ceres were born of Ops by Saturn’s seed; Vesta was the third daughter. The other two married, both reported to have borne children; of the three, one remained who could not bear a husband.

(Roman mythology, religion) Juno, queen of the gods, patron of rulers and childbirth, equivalent to the Greek Hera.


Gabriel

Gabriēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Gabriēl or Gabriēlis); indeclinable, third declension

Gabriēl (canonical masculine singular)
Gabriēl (genitive)
Gabriēlis (genitive)
Gabriēl (nominative singular)
Gabriēl (genitive singular)
Gabriēlis (genitive singular)
Gabriēl (dative singular)
Gabriēlī (dative singular)
Gabriēl (accusative singular)
Gabriēlem (accusative singular)
Gabriēl (ablative singular)
Gabriēle (ablative singular)
Gabriēl (singular vocative)

→ Albanian: Gabriel

→ Catalan: Gabriel, Biel

→ Czech: Gabriel

→ Danish: Gabriel

→ Dutch: Gabriël

Afrikaans: Gabriël

→ English: Gabriel

→ Hawaiian: Kapeliela

→ Maori: Kaperiere

→ Faroese: Gabriel, Gabrial, Brialdur

desc

→ Finnish: Gabriel, Kaaperi, Kaapre, Kaaprel, Kaaprelli, Kaapo

desctree

→ French: Gabriel
→ Alemannic German: Gaabi

→ Galician: Gabriel

→ Georgian: გაბრიელი (gabrieli)

→ German: Gabriel

desc

→ Greenlandic: Kaapriale, Kapriali, Kaparialli

→ Gujarati: ગેબ્રિયલ (gebriyal)

→ Hindi: गेब्रियल (gebriyal)

→ Hungarian: Gabór, Gábriel

→ Icelandic: Gabríel

→ Irish: Gaibrial, Gaibriéil, Gaibriél

→ Italian: Gabriele

→ Japanese: ガブリエル (Gaburieru)

→ Kannada: ಗೇಬ್ರಿಯಲ್ (gēbriyal)

→ Korean: 가브리엘 (Gabeuriel)

→ Latvian: Gabriels

→ Lithuanian: Gabrielius

→ Maltese: Gabrijel

→ Norman: Gabriel

→ Norwegian: Gabriel

→ Persian: گابریل (gâbriel)

→ Polish: Gabriel

→ Portuguese: Gabriel, Biel

→ Romanian: Gabriel

→ Serbo-Croatian: Gabrijel

→ Slovak: Gabriel

→ Slovene: Gabrijel

→ Spanish: Gabriel

→ Kapampangan: Gabriel

→ Tagalog: Gabriel

→ Swedish: Gabriel, Gabrel

→ Welsh: Gabriel

[ˈɡäbrieːɫ̪]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γαβρῑήλ (Gabrīḗl), from Biblical Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל (Gaḇrīʾḗl, “God is my strong man”), from גֶּבֶר (géver, “strong man, hero”) and אֵל (ʾēl, “God”).


apophasis

la-noun

apophasis f (genitive apophasis); third declension

apophasis (genitive)
apophasis (nominative singular)
apophasēs (nominative plural)
apophasis (genitive singular)
apophasium (genitive plural)
apophasī (dative singular)
apophasibus (dative plural)
apophasem (accusative singular)
apophasēs (accusative plural)
apophasīs (accusative plural)
apophase (ablative singular)
apophasibus (ablative plural)
apophasis (singular vocative)
apophasēs (plural vocative)

English: apophasis

French: apophase

Galician: apófase

→ Finnish: apofaasi

Portuguese: apófase

→ Russian: Апофазия (Apofazija)

[äˈpɔpʰäs̠ɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἀπόφασις (apóphasis, “denial, negation”), ἀπο- (apo-, “away, from, off”) + φάσις (phásis, “statement, proposition”) from ἀπόφημι (apóphēmi, “speak out; say no, refuse, deny”) from Attic Greek φημί (phēmí), Doric Greek φᾱμί (phāmí) from Proto-Hellenic *pʰā́mā from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂; whence via Proto-Italic *fāōr, *fāmā compare fārī, fābula, fāma, hence English fable, fame.

af

(Ecclesiastical Latin, Christianity, philosophy, theology) apprehending knowledge of what is true about an unknowable, such as the essence of a divine being like God, by a negative process of denying propositions that are knowably untrue


Saturnus

la-proper noun

Sāturnus m (genitive Sāturnī); second declension

Sāturnus (canonical masculine)
Sāturnī (genitive)
Sāturnus (nominative singular)
Sāturnī (nominative plural)
Sāturnī (genitive singular)
Sāturnōrum (genitive plural)
Sāturnō (dative singular)
Sāturnīs (dative plural)
Sāturnum (accusative singular)
Sāturnōs (accusative plural)
Sāturnō (ablative singular)
Sāturnīs (ablative plural)
Sāturne (singular vocative)
Sāturnī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: Shtunë

→ English: Saturn

→ German: Saturn

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Saturno
Galician: Saturno
Portuguese: Saturno

→ Proto-Brythonic: *Sadurn (from Vulgar Latin Săturnus)

Breton: Sadorn

Cornish: Sadorn

Middle Welsh: Sadwrn

Welsh: Sadwrn

→ Proto-West Germanic: *Sāturnas dag (see there for further descendants)

[s̠äːˈt̪ʊrnʊs̠]

Probably from Etruscan 𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌄 (satre); alternative derivation from Latin satus, the past participle of serō (“to sow”), is then mere folk-etymology.

(Roman mythology) Saturn (god of fertility and agriculture)


ciborium

la-noun

cibōrium n (genitive cibōriī or cibōrī); second declension

cibōrium (canonical neuter)
cibōriī (genitive)
cibōrī (genitive)
cibōrium (nominative singular)
cibōria (nominative plural)
cibōriī (genitive singular)
cibōrī (genitive singular)
cibōriōrum (genitive plural)
cibōriō (dative singular)
cibōriīs (dative plural)
cibōrium (accusative singular)
cibōria (accusative plural)
cibōriō (ablative singular)
cibōriīs (ablative plural)
cibōrium (singular vocative)
cibōria (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κιβώριον (kibṓrion).

the seedvessel of sacred lotus which served as a drinking vessel with the Egyptians


confessio

cōnfessiō f (genitive cōnfessiōnis); third declension

cōnfessiō (canonical feminine)
cōnfessiōnis (genitive)
cōnfessiō (nominative singular)
cōnfessiōnēs (nominative plural)
cōnfessiōnis (genitive singular)
cōnfessiōnum (genitive plural)
cōnfessiōnī (dative singular)
cōnfessiōnibus (dative plural)
cōnfessiōnem (accusative singular)
cōnfessiōnēs (accusative plural)
cōnfessiōne (ablative singular)
cōnfessiōnibus (ablative plural)
cōnfessiō (singular vocative)
cōnfessiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: confessió

→ English: confessio

→ Galician: confesión

→ Italian: confessione

→ Occitan: confession

desctree

→ Old French: confession
French: confession
→ German: Konfession
→ Romanian: confesiune
→ Middle English: confessioun, confession, confessyon, confessyone, confessyown
English: confession

→ Old Irish: cobais

→ Portuguese: confissão

→ Russian: конфе́ссия (konféssija)

→ Spanish: confesión

→ Welsh: cyffes

[kõːˈfɛs̠ːioː]

From cōnfiteor (“to confess, to acknowledge”) + -tiō.

suf

(Ecclesiastical Latin) creed or avowal of one's faith

(Ecclesiastical Latin) confession (disclosure of one's sins to a priest in order to receive absolution from God)


Bacchus

la-proper noun

Bacchus m (genitive Bacchī); second declension

Bacchī (genitive)
Bacchus (nominative singular)
Bacchī (nominative plural)
Bacchī (genitive singular)
Bacchōrum (genitive plural)
Bacchō (dative singular)
Bacchīs (dative plural)
Bacchum (accusative singular)
Bacchōs (accusative plural)
Bacchō (ablative singular)
Bacchīs (ablative plural)
Bacche (singular vocative)
Bacchī (plural vocative)

→ English: Bacchus (learned)

→ French: Bacchus (learned)

→ Italian: Bacco, bacco (learned)

→ Portuguese: Baco (learned)

→ Spanish: Baco (learned)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βάκχος (Bákkhos).

bor+

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Bacchus


Isaac

→ Old Irish: Isaác

Irish: Íosác

From Ancient Greek Ἰσαάκ (Isaák), from Biblical Hebrew יִצְחָק (Yiṣḥāq, literally “he laughs”).


gens

la-noun

gēns f (genitive gentis); third declension

gēns (canonical feminine)
gentis (genitive)
gēns (nominative singular)
gentēs (nominative plural)
gentis (genitive singular)
gentium (genitive plural)
gentī (dative singular)
gentibus (dative plural)
gentem (accusative singular)
gentēs (accusative plural)
gentīs (accusative plural)
gente (ablative singular)
gentibus (ablative plural)
gēns (singular vocative)
gentēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: gintã (unusual)

Romanian: gint

Dalmatian:

ziant

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gente

desc

→ Sardinian: gente, genti, tzente, zente

Judeo-Italian: יֵינְטַה (yenəṭa /jenta/)

Neapolitan: gente

Sicilian: genti

W. Romance of N. Italy:

Friulian: int

Istriot: zento

Venetan: dente, xente, zente

Lombard: gent

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: gens

desctree

Old French: gent
French: gens m pl
Norman: gens m pl
Walloon: djin m pl

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: gent

Occitan: gent

Aragonese: chent

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: xente

Leonese: xente

Mirandese: giente

Old Galician-Portuguese: gente

Galician: xente

Portuguese: gente

Old Spanish: yente

Ladino: djente

Spanish: gente (latin influence)

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: gjinde

→ Basque: jende

→ Romanian: gintă

→ English: gens, ⇒ genticide

From Proto-Italic *gentis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis, from root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”).
See also generō, genus, gignō. Cognate with English kind, Sanskrit जाति (jāti), Ancient Greek γένος (génos) and Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), whence English genesis.

(biblical, Christianity, Judaism) heathen, pagan


IR

(Christianity) Initialism of Iesus Rex (“Jesus, the king”). Short for INRI.


Samuel

la-proper noun

Samūēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Samūēl or Samūēlis); indeclinable, third declension

Samūēl (canonical masculine singular)
Samūēl (genitive)
Samūēlis (genitive)
Samūēl (nominative singular)
Samūēl (genitive singular)
Samūēlis (genitive singular)
Samūēl (dative singular)
Samūēlī (dative singular)
Samūēl (accusative singular)
Samūēlem (accusative singular)
Samūēl (ablative singular)
Samūēle (ablative singular)
Samūēl (singular vocative)

Italian: Samuele

[s̠äˈmuːeːɫ̪]

[ˈs̠ämueːɫ̪]

From Ancient Greek Σαμουήλ (Samouḗl), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁמוּאֵל (šəmūʾḗl).


IHS

The reference to Jesus is from the first three letters of Jesus' name in Koine Greek, ΙΗΣΟΥΣ (IĒSOUS), arising perhaps circa 14th century. The interpretation as an abbreviation Iesus Hominum Salvator (“Jesus, saviour of men”) is apparently a later back-formation when the Greek was no longer remembered. (See wikipedia Christogram.)

(Christianity) Initialism of Iesus Hominum Salvator (“Jesus Savior of Men)”).

JHC

representing the medieval Greek form of sigma, Ϲ


Esdras

Esdrās m sg (genitive Esdrae); first declension

Esdrās (canonical masculine singular)
Esdrae (genitive)
Esdrās (nominative singular)
Esdrae (genitive singular)
Esdrae (dative singular)
Esdrān (accusative singular)
Esdrā (ablative singular)
Esdrā (singular vocative)

English: Esdras

[ˈɛs̠d̪räːs̠]


Decima

Decima f (genitive Decimae, masculine Decimus); first declension

Decimae (genitive)
Decimus (masculine)
Decima (nominative singular)
Decimae (nominative plural)
Decimae (genitive singular)
Decimārum (genitive plural)
Decimae (dative singular)
Decimīs (dative plural)
Decimam (accusative singular)
Decimās (accusative plural)
Decimā (ablative singular)
Decimīs (ablative plural)
Decima (singular vocative)
Decimae (plural vocative)

[ˈd̪ɛːt͡ʃimä]

(Roman mythology) Decima, the goddess that presides over accouchements


Hecate

Hecatē f sg (genitive Hecatēs); first declension

Hecatē (canonical feminine singular)
Hecatēs (genitive)
Hecatē (nominative singular)
Hecatēs (genitive singular)
Hecatae (dative singular)
Hecatēn (accusative singular)
Hecatē (ablative singular)
Hecatē (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Hecate; daughter of the Titan Perses and Titaness Asteria (sister of Latona); the presider over enchantments, conjurations; a goddess of magic, the night moon, the underworld, and of the haunted crossroad; variously conflated with Roman deities Diana Trivia (crossroads), Luna (moonlight), and Proserpina (Hades)


Minerva

Minerva f (genitive Minervae); first declension

Minervae (genitive)
Minerva (nominative singular)
Minervae (nominative plural)
Minervae (genitive singular)
Minervārum (genitive plural)
Minervae (dative singular)
Minervīs (dative plural)
Minervam (accusative singular)
Minervās (accusative plural)
Minervā (ablative singular)
Minervīs (ablative plural)
Minerva (singular vocative)
Minervae (plural vocative)

→ English: Minerva

q

from Old Latin <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">Menerva</i>

→ Etruscan: 𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌀 (menerva) (from Old Latin Menerva)

→ French: Minerve

→ Japanese: ミネルウァ (Mineruwa) (learned)

→ Portuguese: Minerva

→ Spanish: Minerva

From Proto-Italic *menezwā, from Proto-Indo-European *menesweh₂, extended from *ménos (“mind”), from *men- (“to think”). Compare Sanskrit मनस्विन् (manasvín, “full of mind or sense”).


Vesta

la-proper noun

Vesta f (genitive Vestae); first declension

Vestae (genitive)
Vesta (nominative singular)
Vestae (nominative plural)
Vestae (genitive singular)
Vestārum (genitive plural)
Vestae (dative singular)
Vestīs (dative plural)
Vestam (accusative singular)
Vestās (accusative plural)
Vestā (ablative singular)
Vestīs (ablative plural)
Vesta (singular vocative)
Vestae (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *Westā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to dwell, reside, live in”); see also Ancient Greek Ἑστία (Hestía), Old High German wesan (“to be”), Gothic wisan, Sanskrit वसति (vasati, “to abide, to dwell”).

cog

(Roman mythology, religion) Vesta, goddess of the hearth and the household, equivalent to Greek Hestia.


Hermes

la-proper noun

Hermēs m sg (genitive Hermae); first declension

Hermēs (canonical masculine singular)
Hermae (genitive)
Hermēs (nominative singular)
Hermae (nominative plural)
Hermae (genitive singular)
Hermārum (genitive plural)
Hermae (dative singular)
Hermīs (dative plural)
Hermēn (accusative singular)
Hermās (accusative plural)
Hermē (ablative singular)
Hermīs (ablative plural)
Hermē (singular vocative)
Hermae (plural vocative)


missa

la-noun

missa f (genitive missae); first declension

missae (genitive)
missa (nominative singular)
missae (nominative plural)
missae (genitive singular)
missārum (genitive plural)
missae (dative singular)
missīs (dative plural)
missam (accusative singular)
missās (accusative plural)
missā (ablative singular)
missīs (ablative plural)
missa (singular vocative)
missae (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: meshë

→ Basque: meza

→ Catalan: missa (learned)

Dalmatian: masa

→ Dutch: mis

Friulian: messe

Italian: messa

→ Latvian: mesa

Occitan: messa

desctree

→ Old English: mæsse, mæssa
Middle English: messe (in part)
English: Mass, mass
Scots: mess

Old French: messe
Middle French: messe
French: messe

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: missa
Fala: misa
Galician: misa
Portuguese: missa

→ Old High German: missa
Middle High German: messe, misse
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Mess
German: Messe

Old Spanish:

Spanish: misa

→ Polish: msza

Romanian: misă, mesă

Serbo-Croatian: misa

Sardinian: miscia

In use by the 6th century. Presumably from the phrase īte missa est (“go, the dismissal is made”) (said by a priest to dismiss the congregation after the service), where missa is Late Latin and Vulgar Latin, for missiō (“dismissal”), from mittō (“to discharge, release”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *meytH- (“to change; to exchange; to remove”)) + -tiō (suffix attached to verbs forming nouns relating to actions or their results).
An older derivation (16th century, attributed to Luther) adduced Hebrew מַצָּה (matsá, “unleavened bread; oblation”) (compare English matzo), but this is no longer considered a tenable etymology.

noncog

Omni dominica sex missas facite ("Each Sunday, do six masses") Caesarius of Arles, Regula ad monachos, PL 67, 1102B.

(Ecclesiastical Latin) Mass; Christian eucharistic liturgy


fata

la-proper noun

fāta f (genitive fātae); first declension

fāta (canonical feminine)
fātae (genitive)
fāta (nominative singular)
fātae (nominative plural)
fātae (genitive singular)
fātārum (genitive plural)
fātae (dative singular)
fātābus (dative plural)
fātam (accusative singular)
fātās (accusative plural)
fātā (ablative singular)
fātābus (ablative plural)
fāta (singular vocative)
fātae (plural vocative)

From fātum (“destiny, lot, fate”) and fātus (“oracle, prophecy, fate”); derived from verb for (“I speak”) from Proto-Italic *fāōr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti (“to speak”).

der

(Greek mythology) Fate; Moira; goddess who controls destiny; divine personification of fate


fata

la-proper noun

fāta n pl (genitive fātōrum); second declension

fāta (canonical neuter plural)
fātōrum (genitive)
fāta (nominative plural)
fātōrum (genitive plural)
fātīs (dative plural)
fāta (accusative plural)
fātīs (ablative plural)
fāta (plural vocative)

Vulgar Latin: *Fāta (see there for further descendants)

(Roman mythology) The Fates; Parcae; gods who control destiny; divine personifications of fate


Diana

Dīāna or Diāna f (genitive Dīānae or Diānae); first declension

Dīāna (canonical)
Diāna (canonical feminine)
Dīānae (genitive)
Diānae (genitive)
Dīāna (nominative singular)
Dīānae (nominative plural)
Dīānae (genitive singular)
Dīānārum (genitive plural)
Dīānae (dative singular)
Dīānīs (dative plural)
Dīānam (accusative singular)
Dīānās (accusative plural)
Dīānā (ablative singular)
Dīānīs (ablative plural)
Dīāna (singular vocative)
Dīānae (plural vocative)
Diāna (nominative singular)
Diānae (nominative plural)
Diānae (genitive singular)
Diānārum (genitive plural)
Diānae (dative singular)
Diānīs (dative plural)
Diānam (accusative singular)
Diānās (accusative plural)
Diānā (ablative singular)
Diānīs (ablative plural)
Diāna (singular vocative)
Diānae (plural vocative)

la-ndecl

Old Latin long i form Dīāna, first-declension noun

Late Latin short i form Diāna, first-declension noun

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: dzãnã, zãnã

Romanian: zână

Old French: gene (“mischievous fairy”)

Sardinian: giàna

West Iberian

Asturian: xana

Galician: xa (“mischievous fairy”)

→? Albanian: zanë

⇒ Neapolitan: janara (“witch”)

→ Belarusian: Дзіяна (Dzijana)

→ Bulgarian: Диана (Diana)

→ Catalan: Diana

→ Coptic: Ⲇⲓⲁⲛⲏ (Dianē)

→ Czech: Diana

→ Danish: Diana

→ Dutch: Diana

→ English: Diana (see there for further descendants)

→ Estonian: Diana

→ Faroese: Diana

→ French: Diane (see there for further descendants)

→ German: Diana

→ Hungarian: Diána

→ Icelandic: Díana

→ Italian: Diana

→ Latvian: Diāna

→ Lithuanian: Diana

→ Macedonian: Дијана (Dijana)

→ Norwegian: Diana

→ Polish: Diana

→ Portuguese: Diana

→ Romani: Teany

→ Romanian: Diana

→ Russian: Диана (Diana)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Дијана, Dijana

→ Slovak: Diana

→ Slovene: Dijana

→ Spanish: Diana

→ Swedish: Diana

→ Ukrainian: Діана (Diana)

Original form with long i Dīāna, derived by syncope from Dīvāna, equivalent to dīvus + -āna; some inscriptions read Deiana or Deana, akin to deus + -āna; both feminine stem words dīva and dea meaning “goddess” derived from Old Latin deiva, from Proto-Italic *deiwā from Proto-Indo-European *deywós from *dyew- (“heaven, day sky; to shine”). See Old Latin Diēspiter, a primitive form of Iuppiter, formed by appending a suffix to Latin diēs, cognate to both dīvus and deus.
Diana is also called Iāna (“Jana”), analogous to procope of Old Latin Diovis into Iovis (“Jove”).
The form Dīviāna occurs in Varro's attempt to explain the etymology of the name, with the now-discredited explanation that "quod luna in altitudinem et latitudinem simul <i>t, Diviana, appellata"; the intention seems to be to derive the name from dēviō (“stray, deviate”), from via (“road”). If Dīviāna was a genuinely used variant form (rather than a hypothetical form proposed as a precursor), it appears to represent a univerbation dīva + Iāna, literally “Goddess Jana”.
Compare Attic Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē), Doric Greek Διώνᾱ (Diṓnā), syncopated from Ancient Greek Διϝωνᾱ (Diwōnā), from a shared root whence by analogical formation also evolved Latin Iūnō, Iūnōnis.

(religion) Diana, the daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated with wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Greek goddess Artemis.


Quirinus

la-proper noun

Quirīnus m sg (genitive Quirīnī); second declension

Quirīnus (canonical masculine singular)
Quirīnī (genitive)
Quirīnus (nominative singular)
Quirīnī (genitive singular)
Quirīnō (dative singular)
Quirīnum (accusative singular)
Quirīnō (ablative singular)
Quirīne (singular vocative)

English: Quirinus

Italian: Quirino

Portuguese: Quirino

From the Sabine town Curēs, or from quirīs (“citizen”). Falsely derived, some say, from curīs (“spear”) and cūria (“court”).

(Roman mythology) of Romulus after his deification; Quirinus


Jonathan

[ˈi̯ɔnät̪ʰän]

[ˈjɔːnät̪än]


phallus

la-noun

phallus m (genitive phallī); second declension

phallī (genitive)
phallus (nominative singular)
phallī (nominative plural)
phallī (genitive singular)
phallōrum (genitive plural)
phallō (dative singular)
phallīs (dative plural)
phallum (accusative singular)
phallōs (accusative plural)
phallō (ablative singular)
phallīs (ablative plural)
phalle (singular vocative)
phallī (plural vocative)

Asturian: falu

Catalan: fal·lus

→ Czech: falus

→ Dutch: fallus

→ English: phallus

→ French: phallus

Galician: falo

→ German: Phallus

Italian: fallo

→ Occitan: fallus

→ Polish: fallus

→ Portuguese: falo

Romanian: falus (possibly via French)

desc

→ Russian: фа́ллус (fállus), фалл (fall)

→ Serbo-Croatian: falus, фалус

Sicilian: fallu

Spanish: falo

→ Turkish: fallus

[ˈpʰälːʲʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “membrum virile, phallus, or a figure thereof”), likely ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell up”); compare follis (“sack”).

der

(mythology, religion) an iconic phallic figure of the male member borne in cult processions at a Dionysian orgy or festival of Bacchus as a symbol of the generative power of nature


Abraham

la-proper noun

Ābrahām m (variously declined, genitive Ābrahām or Ābrahae); indeclinable, first declension

Ābrahām (canonical masculine)
Ābrahām (genitive)
Ābrahae (genitive)
Ābrahām (nominative singular)
Ābrahām (genitive singular)
Ābrahae (genitive singular)
Ābrahām (dative singular)
Ābrahae (dative singular)
Ābrahām (accusative singular)
Ābrahām (ablative singular)
Ābrahā (ablative singular)
Ābrahām (singular vocative)

[ˈäːbrä(ɦ)äːm]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀβραάμ (Abraám).

etymon

Ābrahām

bor+

nec ultra vocabitur nomen tuum Abram, sed appellaberis Abraham quia patrem multarum gentium constitui te.

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Genesis 17:5:


Calypso

la-proper noun

Calypsō f sg (variously declined, genitive Calypsūs or Calypsōnis); fourth declension, third declension

Calypsō (canonical feminine singular)
Calypsūs (genitive)
Calypsōnis (genitive)
Calypsō (nominative singular)
Calypsūs (genitive singular)
Calypsōnis (genitive singular)
Calypsō (dative singular)
Calypsōnī (dative singular)
Calypsō (accusative singular)
Calypsōn (accusative singular)
Calypsōnem (accusative singular)
Calypsō (ablative singular)
Calypsōne (ablative singular)
Calypsō (singular vocative)

→ English: Calypso

→ Italian: Calipso

→ Spanish: Calipso

desc

→ Portuguese: Calipso, Calypso (obsolete)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κᾰλῠψώ (Kălŭpsṓ).

(Greek mythology) Calypso (a nymph who ruled the island of Ogygia, on whose shores Odysseus was shipwrecked, whereupon she detained and entertained him for seven years, bearing him the two sons Nausithoüs and Nausinoüs)


Deo

la-prop

Dēō f sg (genitive Dēōnis); third declension

Dēō (canonical feminine singular)
Dēōnis (genitive)
Dēō (nominative singular)
Dēōnis (genitive singular)
Dēōnī (dative singular)
Dēōnem (accusative singular)
Dēōne (ablative singular)
Dēō (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δηώ (Dēṓ), a synonym for Ancient Greek Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr), the Greek counterpart of Roman Cerēs.


Maria

la-proper noun

Marīa f (genitive Marīae); first declension

Marīa (canonical feminine)
Marīae (genitive)
Marīa (nominative singular)
Marīae (nominative plural)
Marīae (genitive singular)
Marīārum (genitive plural)
Marīae (dative singular)
Marīīs (dative plural)
Marīam (accusative singular)
Marīās (accusative plural)
Marīā (ablative singular)
Marīīs (ablative plural)
Marīa (singular vocative)
Marīae (plural vocative)

Old Lombard: Maria

Lombard: Marìa

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: Maria

Italian: Maria

Sicilian: Mària, Marìa

Old French: Marie (see there for further descendants)

French: Marie

Norman: Marie

Walloon: Mareye

Old Occitan:

Catalan: Maria

Occitan: Maria

Sardinian: Maria

West Iberian

Old Leonese:

Asturian: María

Mirandese: Marie

Old Galician-Portuguese: Maria

Galician: María

Portuguese: Maria

Spanish: María

Borrowings

→ Afrikaans: Maria

→ Albanian: Mari, Mëri, Mrikë

→ Basque: Maria, Miren

→ Breton: Mari

→ Czech: Marie

→ Danish: Maria, Marie
→ Greenlandic: Maaria, Maalia

→ Dutch: Maria, Marja, Marjo

→ English: Maria

→ Estonian: Maarja, Mari, Maria

→ Faroese: Maria, Marja

→ Finnish: Maaria, Maria, Marjo, Marja
→ Northern Sami: Márjá, Máddjá

→ French: Maria

→ Georgian: მარია (maria)

→ German: Marie, Maria

→ Greenlandic: Maaria

→ Hawaiian: Malia

→ Hungarian: Mária

→ Icelandic: María

desctree

→ Irish: Máire
→ English: Maire, Moira, Maura

→ Latvian: Marija

→ Lithuanian: Marija

→ Norman: Maria

→ Norwegian: Maria, Marie

→ Old Irish: Maire

Irish: Muire

Manx: Moirrey, Voirrey

Scottish Gaelic: Moire

→ Old Saxon: Maria

→ Lower Sorbian: Marja

→ Upper Sorbian: Marja

→ Romanian: Maria

→ Scottish Gaelic: Màiri

→ Swedish: Maria, Marja

→ Welsh: Mair, Mari

→ West Frisian: Maria

From Ancient Greek Μαρίᾱ (Maríā), Μαριάμ (Mariám), from Aramaic מרים (maryām), corresponding to the Biblical Hebrew מרים (miryám).


Dominus

la-proper noun

Dominus m sg (genitive Dominī); second declension

Dominī (genitive)
Dominus (nominative singular)
Dominī (genitive singular)
Dominō (dative singular)
Dominum (accusative singular)
Dominō (ablative singular)
Domine (singular vocative)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Domini

Romanian: Domn, Doamne

[ˈd̪ɔmɪnʊs̠]

See dominus (“lord, master of a house”).

...et tradidit Dominus in manu eius Ioachim regem Iudae

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Danihelis 1:2:

..."And the Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand."

Sit nomen Domini benedictum.

(Can we date this quote?), (Please provide the book title or journal name):

(religion) The Lord, the God of Abraham and the Hebrew Tanakh; (Christianity) God, often God the Father


Cupido

Cupīdō m (genitive Cupīdinis); third declension

Cupīdō (canonical masculine)
Cupīdinis (genitive)
Cupīdō (nominative singular)
Cupīdinēs (nominative plural)
Cupīdinis (genitive singular)
Cupīdinum (genitive plural)
Cupīdinī (dative singular)
Cupīdinibus (dative plural)
Cupīdinem (accusative singular)
Cupīdinēs (accusative plural)
Cupīdine (ablative singular)
Cupīdinibus (ablative plural)
Cupīdō (singular vocative)
Cupīdinēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: Cupido

→ English: Cupid

→ French: Cupidon

→ Portuguese: Cupido

→ Italian: Cupido

→ Russian: Купидо́н (Kupidón)

Personification of cupīdō (“desire, longing”), with a change in gender to masculine.


Apollo

Apollō m (genitive Apollinis or Apollōnis); third declension

Apollō (canonical masculine)
Apollinis (genitive)
Apollōnis (genitive)
Apollō (nominative singular)
Apollinēs (nominative plural)
Apollinis (genitive singular)
Apollōnis (genitive singular)
Apollinum (genitive plural)
Apollinī (dative singular)
Apollōnī (dative singular)
Apollinibus (dative plural)
Apollinem (accusative singular)
Apollōnem (accusative singular)
Apollinēs (accusative plural)
Apolline (ablative singular)
Apollōne (ablative singular)
Apollinibus (ablative plural)
Apollō (singular vocative)
Apollinēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn). Cognate with Faliscan 𐌀𐌐𐌏𐌋𐌏 (apolo).

Sume fidem et pharetram fies manifestus Apollo

c. 25 BCE, Ovid, Heroides, Letter 15: "Sappho Phaoni"

Take up string and quiver and you are Apollo manifest

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Apollo


Calliope

Calliopē f sg (genitive Calliopēs); first declension

Calliopē (canonical feminine singular)
Calliopēs (genitive)
Calliopē (nominative singular)
Calliopēs (genitive singular)
Calliopae (dative singular)
Calliopēn (accusative singular)
Calliopē (ablative singular)
Calliopē (singular vocative)

Italian: Calliope

See Calliopea for an alternative spelling and quotation from Ovid’s Fasti.

(Greek mythology) The Muse Calliope, goddess and muse of epic poetry, or of poetry in general


Atlas

Ā̆tlās m (genitive Ā̆tlantis); third declension

Ā̆tlās (canonical masculine)
Ā̆tlantis (genitive)
Ā̆tlās (nominative singular)
Ā̆tlantēs (nominative plural)
Ā̆tlantis (genitive singular)
Ā̆tlantum (genitive plural)
Ā̆tlantī (dative singular)
Ā̆tlantibus (dative plural)
Ā̆tlantem (accusative singular)
Ā̆tlantēs (accusative plural)
Ā̆tlante (ablative singular)
Ā̆tlantibus (ablative plural)
Ā̆tlā (singular vocative)
Ā̆tlantēs (plural vocative)

Portuguese: Atlas

Spanish: Atlas

[ˈäːt̪ɫ̪äːs̠]

[ˈät̪ɫ̪äːs̠]

From the name of the Ancient Greek mythological figure Ἄτλας (Átlas, “Bearer (of the Heavens)”).

"tempus, Atla, veniet, tua quo spoliabitur auro

Ovid Metamorphoses with an English translation by Frank Justus Miller. In two volumes, I, books I–VIII, 1951, page 224–225 containing Ovidus' Metamorphoses IV, 644–645

"Atlas, the time will come when your tree will be spoiled of its gold, and he who gets the glory of this spoil will be Jove's son."

arbor, et hunc praedae titulum Iove natus habebit."


Flora

Flōra f (genitive Flōrae); first declension

Flōra (canonical feminine)
Flōrae (genitive)
Flōra (nominative singular)
Flōrae (genitive singular)
Flōrae (dative singular)
Flōram (accusative singular)
Flōrā (ablative singular)
Flōra (singular vocative)

→ English: Flora

French: Flore, Flora

→ German: Flora

Italian: Flora

Portuguese: Flora

Spanish: Flora
→ Tagalog: Flora

From Proto-Italic *Flōzā, from an ā-thematic extension of *flōs (“flower”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₃s ~ *bʰl̥h₃s-és, from *bʰleh₃- (“bloom, flower”).

inh

(Roman mythology) Flora, the goddess of flowers.


Nox

la-proper noun

Nox f sg (genitive Noctis); third declension

Noctis (genitive)
Nox (nominative singular)
Noctis (genitive singular)
Noctī (dative singular)
Noctem (accusative singular)
Nocte (ablative singular)
Nox (singular vocative)


Iris

la-noun

Īris f sg (genitive Īris or Īridis); third declension

Īris (canonical feminine singular)
Īris (genitive)
Īridis (genitive)
Īris (nominative singular)
Īris (genitive singular)
Īridis (genitive singular)
Īrī (dative singular)
Īridī (dative singular)
Īrem (accusative singular)
Īrim (accusative singular)
Īrin (accusative singular)
Īridem (accusative singular)
Īre (ablative singular)
Īrī (ablative singular)
Īride (ablative singular)
Īri (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Iris (messenger of the gods)


Aurora

la-proper noun

Aurōra f (genitive Aurōrae); first declension

Aurōra (canonical feminine)
Aurōrae (genitive)
Aurōra (nominative singular)
Aurōrae (nominative plural)
Aurōrae (genitive singular)
Aurōrārum (genitive plural)
Aurōrae (dative singular)
Aurōrīs (dative plural)
Aurōram (accusative singular)
Aurōrās (accusative plural)
Aurōrā (ablative singular)
Aurōrīs (ablative plural)
Aurōra (singular vocative)
Aurōrae (plural vocative)

Ōceanum intereā surgēns Aurōra relīquit.

Meanwhile Aurora, rising, departs from Oceanus.
(Line 4.129 is repeated at Aeneid 11.1; cf. “Aurora” in Book 4 at 7, 568, and 585. Imitated by Chaucer in The Legend of Good Women: “The dawening up-rist out of the see, ….”)

Nox abiit, oriturque Aurōra.

Night has gone, and Aurora is appearing.
(See Aurora (mythology).)

(personified) (Roman mythology) Aurora, the goddess of the dawn/morning


Panda

Panda f sg (genitive Pandae); first declension

Pandae (genitive)
Panda (nominative singular)
Pandae (genitive singular)
Pandae (dative singular)
Pandam (accusative singular)
Pandā (ablative singular)
Panda (singular vocative)

From Proto-Italic *Patnā, from *patnō (“to spread”), from Proto-Indo-European *pt-ne-h₂-ti, a nasal-infix present made from *peth₂-.

(Roman mythology) a Roman goddess, whom Festus identifies as the "goddess of the rustics" and Varro relates as the goddess who provides "bread" and therefore "food"; possibly an epithet of Juno


Phoebe

Phoebē f sg (genitive Phoebēs); first declension

Phoebē (canonical feminine singular)
Phoebēs (genitive)
Phoebē (nominative singular)
Phoebēs (genitive singular)
Phoebae (dative singular)
Phoebēn (accusative singular)
Phoebē (ablative singular)
Phoebē (singular vocative)


Priapus

Priāpus m sg (genitive Priāpī); second declension

Priāpus (canonical masculine singular)
Priāpī (genitive)
Priāpus (nominative singular)
Priāpī (genitive singular)
Priāpō (dative singular)
Priāpum (accusative singular)
Priāpō (ablative singular)
Priāpe (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Priapus, god of procreation


Terminus

Terminus m sg (genitive Terminī); second declension

Proprialisation of terminus (“a boundary, a limit”).

(Roman mythology) the deity presiding over boundaries; a personification of the term terminus (“a boundary, a limit”)


Luna

Lūna f sg (genitive Lūnae); first declension

Lūna (canonical feminine singular)
Lūnae (genitive)
Lūna (nominative singular)
Lūnae (genitive singular)
Lūnae (dative singular)
Lūnam (accusative singular)
Lūnā (ablative singular)
Lūna (singular vocative)

The same word as lūna (“moon”), taken as a proper noun.

Lūna regit mēnsīs

Luna governs the months
(See Luna (goddess).)

(Roman mythology) Luna (the moon goddess)


Pan

Pān m sg (genitive Pānos); third declension

Pān (canonical masculine singular)
Pānos (genitive)
Pān (nominative singular)
Pānos (genitive singular)
Pānī (dative singular)
Pāna (accusative singular)
Pāne (ablative singular)
Pān (singular vocative)

→ English: Pan

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πᾱ́ν (Pā́n).


Verbum

Verbum n sg (genitive Verbī); second declension

Verbī (genitive)
Verbum (nominative singular)
Verbī (genitive singular)
Verbō (dative singular)
Verbum (accusative singular)
Verbō (ablative singular)
Verbum (singular vocative)

From verbum, a calque of Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos).

(Ecclesiastical Latin) the Word (epithet of Christ, the Second Person of the Trinity)


Sol

la-noun

Sōl m sg (genitive Sōlis); third declension

Sōl (canonical masculine singular)
Sōlis (genitive)
Sōl (nominative singular)
Sōlis (genitive singular)
Sōlī (dative singular)
Sōlem (accusative singular)
Sōle (ablative singular)
Sōl (singular vocative)

The same word as sōl (“sun”), taken as a proper noun.

crīmine nox vacua est; Sōlem dē virgine raptā

Night is without fault. About the maiden who’s been abducted: Consult the Sun,
who beholds far and wide that which is done by day.


Tellus

la-proper noun

Tellūs f sg (genitive Tellūris); third declension

Tellūs (canonical feminine singular)
Tellūris (genitive)
Tellūs (nominative singular)
Tellūris (genitive singular)
Tellūrī (dative singular)
Tellūrem (accusative singular)
Tellūre (ablative singular)
Tellūs (singular vocative)

desc

English: Tellurian, tellurian, tellurium, telluric

[ˈt̪ɛlːʲuːs̠]

A personification of tellūs; see there for more.


Terra

la-proper noun

Terra f sg (genitive Terrae); first declension

Terrae (genitive)
Terra (nominative singular)
Terrae (genitive singular)
Terrae (dative singular)
Terram (accusative singular)
Terrā (ablative singular)
Terra (singular vocative)

From terra (“earth”), to distinguish the goddess or planet from its other senses.

(Roman mythology) Terra (goddess of the Earth)


Coeus

Coeus m sg (genitive Coeī); second declension

Coeī (genitive)
Coeus (nominative singular)
Coeī (genitive singular)
Coeō (dative singular)
Coeum (accusative singular)
Coeō (ablative singular)
Coee (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Κοῖος (Koîos, “Coeus”).

(Greek mythology) Coeus, the Titan of intelligence.


Iapetus

la-prop

Īapetus m sg (genitive Īapetī); second declension

Īapetus (canonical masculine singular)
Īapetī (genitive)
Īapetus (nominative singular)
Īapetī (genitive singular)
Īapetō (dative singular)
Īapetum (accusative singular)
Īapetō (ablative singular)
Īapete (singular vocative)

→ English: Iapetus

[iːˈäpɛt̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ᾰπετός (Īăpetós, “Iapetus”).

bor+

Prometheus ex Iapeto natus est

303 CE – 311 CE, Lactantius, Institutiones Divinae 2.10.7

Prometheus himself was born from Iapetus


pius

la-adj

pius (feminine pia, neuter pium, comparative magis pius, superlative piissimus, adverb piē); first/second-declension adjective

pia (feminine)
pium (neuter)
magis pius (comparative)
piissimus (superlative)
piē (adverb)
pius (masculine nominative singular)
pia (feminine nominative singular)
pium (neuter nominative singular)
piī (masculine nominative singular)
piae (feminine nominative plural)
pia (neuter nominative plural)
piī (genitive masculine singular)
piae (feminine genitive singular)
piī (genitive neuter singular)
piōrum (genitive masculine singular)
piārum (feminine genitive plural)
piōrum (genitive neuter plural)
piō (dative masculine singular)
piae (dative feminine singular)
piō (dative neuter singular)
piīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
pium (accusative masculine singular)
piam (accusative feminine singular)
pium (accusative neuter singular)
piōs (accusative masculine singular)
piās (accusative feminine plural)
pia (accusative neuter plural)
piō (ablative masculine singular)
piā (ablative feminine singular)
piō (ablative neuter singular)
piīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
pie (masculine singular vocative)
pia (feminine singular vocative)
pium (neuter singular vocative)
piī (masculine singular vocative)
piae (feminine plural vocative)
pia (neuter plural vocative)

Italian: pio

Old French: pius, piu

Middle French: pieux

French: pieux

→ Romanian: pios

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: pío

Portuguese: pio

Sicilian: pìu

Spanish: pío

→ English: pious

From Proto-Italic *pwījos, from Proto-Indo-European *puHyós (“purifying”), from *pewH-.


laura

la-noun

laura f (genitive laurae); first declension

laurae (genitive)
laura (nominative singular)
laurae (nominative plural)
laurae (genitive singular)
laurārum (genitive plural)
laurae (dative singular)
laurīs (dative plural)
lauram (accusative singular)
laurās (accusative plural)
laurā (ablative singular)
laurīs (ablative plural)
laura (singular vocative)
laurae (plural vocative)

→ English: laura

→ Italian: laura

→ Sicilian: laura


R

(Catholicism) Abbreviation of responsorium, responsory, breviary.

1655, Edward Pococke, באב מוסי: Porta Moſis, ſive, diſſertationes aliqvot à R. Moſe Maimonide, main title


Abel

la-proper noun

Abē̆l m sg (variously declined, genitive Abē̆lis or Abē̆l); indeclinable, third declension

Abē̆l (canonical masculine singular)
Abē̆lis (genitive)
Abē̆l (genitive)
Abē̆l (nominative singular)
Abē̆lis (genitive singular)
Abē̆l (genitive singular)
Abē̆lī (dative singular)
Abē̆l (dative singular)
Abē̆lem (accusative singular)
Abē̆l (accusative singular)
Abē̆le (ablative singular)
Abē̆l (ablative singular)
Abē̆l (singular vocative)

→ Old English: Abel
English: Abel

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἅβελ (Hábel), itself from Biblical Hebrew הֶ֫בֶל (heḇel). The vowel, while short by etymology, is shown to be carrying stress by the descended Italian Abele and Spanish Abel.