Pella

la-proper noun

Pella f sg (genitive Pellae); first declension

Pellae (genitive)
Pella (nominative singular)
Pellae (genitive singular)
Pellae (dative singular)
Pellam (accusative singular)
Pellā (ablative singular)
Pella (singular vocative)
Pellae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πέλλα (Pélla).


Philadelphia

Philadelphīa f sg (genitive Philadelphīae); first declension

Philadelphīa (canonical feminine singular)
Philadelphīae (genitive)
Philadelphīa (nominative singular)
Philadelphīae (genitive singular)
Philadelphīae (dative singular)
Philadelphīam (accusative singular)
Philadelphīā (ablative singular)
Philadelphīa (singular vocative)
Philadelphīae (locative singular)

[pʰɪɫ̪äd̪ɛɫ̪ˈpʰiːä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Φιλαδέλφεια (Philadélpheia).

bor

(New Latin) Philadelphia (the largest city in Pennsylvania, United States).


Verona

la-proper noun

Vērōna f sg (genitive Vērōnae); first declension

Vērōna (canonical feminine singular)
Vērōnae (genitive)
Vērōna (nominative singular)
Vērōnae (genitive singular)
Vērōnae (dative singular)
Vērōnam (accusative singular)
Vērōnā (ablative singular)
Vērōna (singular vocative)
Vērōnae (locative singular)

Celtic name *Vernomago, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (“alder”) + *magos (“field”).

Alia subinde manus Cenomanorum Etitovio duce vestigia priorum secuta eodem saltu favente Belloveso cum transcendisset Alpes, ubi nunc Brixia ac Verona urbes sunt locos tenuere.
Presently another band, consisting of Cenomani led by Etitovius, followed in the tracks of the earlier emigrants; and having, with the approval of Bellovesus, crossed the Alps by the same pass, established themselves where the cities of Brixia and Verona are-now. ― translation from: Benjamin Oliver Foster, The History of Early Rome (1919), pages 119–121

27–25 BC, Titus Livius Patavinus, Ab Urbe Condita Libri, book V, chapter xxxv

Transpadane Gaul
Transpadane Gaul#English

Verona (a city in Transpadane Gaul, the birthplace of the poet Catullus and of Pliny the Elder)


Vienna

Vienna f sg (genitive Viennae); first declension

Viennae (genitive)
Vienna (nominative singular)
Viennae (genitive singular)
Viennae (dative singular)
Viennam (accusative singular)
Viennā (ablative singular)
Vienna (singular vocative)
Viennae (locative singular)

Named after the Vienne river, of uncertain origin, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to pursue, reach towards”). However, other roots are possible.

der

a city of the Allobroges in Gallia Narbonensis, now Vienne


Ravenna

la-proper noun

Ravenna f sg (genitive Ravennae); first declension

Ravennae (genitive)
Ravenna (nominative singular)
Ravennae (genitive singular)
Ravennae (dative singular)
Ravennam (accusative singular)
Ravennā (ablative singular)
Ravenna (singular vocative)
Ravennae (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥᾰ́βεννᾰ (Rhábenna)

Italian: Ravenna

→ English: Ravenna

→ French: Ravenne


Larissa

Lārissa f sg (genitive Lārissae); first declension

Lārissa (canonical feminine singular)
Lārissae (genitive)
Lārissa (nominative singular)
Lārissae (genitive singular)
Lārissae (dative singular)
Lārissam (accusative singular)
Lārissā (ablative singular)
Lārissa (singular vocative)
Lārissae (locative singular)

[ɫ̪äːˈrɪs̠ːä]


Edessa

Edessa f sg (genitive Edessae); first declension

Edessae (genitive)
Edessa (nominative singular)
Edessae (genitive singular)
Edessae (dative singular)
Edessam (accusative singular)
Edessā (ablative singular)
Edessa (singular vocative)
Edessae (locative singular)

Catalan: Edessa

English: Edessa


Mytilene

Mytilēnē f sg (genitive Mytilēnēs); first declension

Mytilēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Mytilēnēs (genitive)
Mytilēnē (nominative singular)
Mytilēnēs (genitive singular)
Mytilēnae (dative singular)
Mytilēnēn (accusative singular)
Mytilēnē (ablative singular)
Mytilēnē (singular vocative)
Mytilēnae (locative singular)

[mʏt̪ɪˈɫ̪eːneː]


Lamia

Lamia f sg (genitive Lamiae); first declension

Lamiae (genitive)
Lamia (nominative singular)
Lamiae (genitive singular)
Lamiae (dative singular)
Lamiam (accusative singular)
Lamiā (ablative singular)
Lamia (singular vocative)
Lamiae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λαμία (Lamía).

A city of Phthiotis, Greece, situated on a plain


Venetia

Venetia f sg (genitive Venetiae); first declension

Venetiae (genitive)
Venetia (nominative singular)
Venetiae (genitive singular)
Venetiae (dative singular)
Venetiam (accusative singular)
Venetiā (ablative singular)
Venetia (singular vocative)
Venetiae (locative singular)

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: Venêzia

Ligurian: Venessia

Lombard: Venèzia

Piedmontese: Venessia

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: Venezia

Italian: Venezia

Greek: Βενέτσια (Venétsia)

Neapolitan: Venezia

Sicilian: Vinezzia

Old French: Venise

Middle French: Venisse

French: Venise
→ Vietnamese: Vơ-ni-dơ

Norman: V'nise, Venise

Picard: Venise

desctree

→ Middle English: Venyse, Venys, Venyce, Venice, Venise, Venecia
English: Venice (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Venis, Venise, Veneis, Venice

Old Occitan:

Catalan: Venècia

Occitan: Venècia

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: Vignesie

Ladin: Unieja

Romansch: Vaniescha, Venezia

Sardinian: Venetzia

desc

Venetan: Venesia, Venèsia, Venexia, Venèxia, Venèzsia, Venezsia

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: Venecia

Portuguese: Veneza

Old Spanish:

Spanish: Venecia

→ Greek: Βενετία (Venetía)

→ Irish: Veinéis

→ Romanian: Veneția

→ Russian: Венеция (Venecija) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Slovene: Benetke
→ Czech: Benátky
→ Slovak: Benátky

[u̯ɛˈnɛt̪iä]

From Venetī + -ia (suffix forming place names).

suffix

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Venice (a city and former polity in northeastern Italy)


Syracusae

la-proper noun

Syrācūsae f pl (genitive Syrācūsārum); first declension

Syrācūsae (canonical feminine plural)
Syrācūsārum (genitive)
Syrācūsae (nominative plural)
Syrācūsārum (genitive plural)
Syrācūsīs (dative plural)
Syrācūsās (accusative plural)
Syrācūsīs (ablative plural)
Syrācūsae (plural vocative)
Syrācūsīs (locative plural)

→ English: Syracuse

Italian: Siracusa

Sicilian: Saragusa

[s̠ʏräːˈkuːs̠äe̯]

From Ancient Greek Συρᾱ́κουσαι (Surā́kousai).


Tarentum

Tarentum n sg (genitive Tarentī); second declension

Tarentī (genitive)
Tarentum (nominative singular)
Tarentī (genitive singular)
Tarentō (dative singular)
Tarentum (accusative singular)
Tarentō (ablative singular)
Tarentum (singular vocative)
Tarentī (locative singular)

→ English: Tarentum

Italian: Taranto

→ English: Taranto

Sicilian: Tàrantu, Tàrintu

[t̪äˈrɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek Τάρᾱς (Tárās), of uncertain origin but probably Pre-Greek and related to Illyrian *darandos (“oak”).


Carthago

Carthāgō f sg (genitive Carthāginis); third declension

Carthāgō (canonical feminine singular)
Carthāginis (genitive)
Carthāgō (nominative singular)
Carthāginis (genitive singular)
Carthāginī (dative singular)
Carthāginem (accusative singular)
Carthāgine (ablative singular)
Carthāgō (singular vocative)
Carthāgine (locative singular)
Carthāginī (locative singular)

→ Dutch: Carthago

→ English: Carthage

→ French: Carthage

→ German: Karthago

→ Italian: Cartagine

→ Portuguese: Cartago

→ Romanian: Cartagina

→ Spanish: Cartago

[kärˈt̪ʰäːɡoː]

[kärˈt̪äːɡo]

From Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt), possibly via Etruscan *𐌂𐌀𐌓𐌈𐌀𐌆𐌀 (*carθaza), from 𐤒𐤓𐤕 (qrt, “city”) + 𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (ḥdšt, “new”) as opposed to the colonists' mother city of Tyre. Compare Hebrew קֶרֶת (qeret, “city”), קִרְיָה (kiryah), חָדָשׁ (ḥāḏāš, “new”), Aramaic קַרְתָּא (qartā, “city”), חֲדַתָּא (ḥəḏattā, “new”), Arabic قَرْيَة (qarya, “village”), and Arabic حَدِيث (ḥadīṯ, “new”). Doublet of Carthago Nova, Carchēdōn, and Carthada.

doublet

(historical) Carthage (an ancient city-state and former empire centered on modern Tunisia)

(chiefly historical) Synonym of Carthagenna, Cartagena (a city in Spain)


Athenae

la-proper noun

Athēnae f pl (genitive Athēnārum); first declension

Athēnae (canonical feminine plural)
Athēnārum (genitive)
Athēnae (nominative plural)
Athēnārum (genitive plural)
Athēnīs (dative plural)
Athēnās (accusative plural)
Athēnīs (ablative plural)
Athēnae (plural vocative)
Athēnīs (locative plural)

Japanese: アテネ (Atene)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀθῆναι (Athênai, “Athens”).

der

[äˈt̪ʰeːnäe̯]


Londinium

la-proper noun

Londinium n sg (genitive Londiniī or Londinī); second declension

Londiniī (genitive)
Londinī (genitive)
Londinium (nominative singular)
Londiniī (genitive singular)
Londinī (genitive singular)
Londiniō (dative singular)
Londinium (accusative singular)
Londiniō (ablative singular)
Londinium (singular vocative)
Londiniī (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Λονδίνιον (Londínion)

desctree

→ Old English: Lunden
Middle English: Lunden, London
English: London
Norwegian Bokmål: London
→ Latin: Lundonia
→? Old French: Londres, Londrez
Middle French: Londres
French: Londres (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Londres
Galician: Londres
Portuguese: Londres

→ English: Londinium

→ German: London

Sicilian: Lògnina, Lònnira

[ɫ̪ɔn̪ˈd̪ɪniʊ̃ˑ]

Uncertain, but likely from Proto-Celtic *Londinyom (“place that floods”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“heath; wild land”) + *-injo-, a suffix forming specific nouns and found in other Romano-Celtic placenames. Cognate to Proto-Celtic *landā (“low-lying land”), whence Old Irish land, Welsh llan, as well as *londos (“subduing > fierce”, adj.), whence Old Irish lond.
Details
An earlier, more difficult proposal derives it from *Φlowonidonyom, morphologically adapted from a pre-Celtic Indo-European substrate word meaning something like “Boat River, Unfordable River” or “Flooding-River” and made up of Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“to flow”) and a disputed *neyd- (“to flow”).
Forms in -don- could be artificial Latinizations modelled after e.g. Old English Wreocen < Latin Viroconium (modern Wroxeter). Appears as Middle Welsh Llundein, Old English Lunden, which may not continue the Classical Latin form, but may continue Late British Latin *Lundeinju if the medial -i- of the original word was short. Cf. Etymology of London.

der

(Classical Latin) Londinium (a city in Britannia, Roman Empire; modern London)

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Corinthus

la-proper noun

Corinthus f sg (genitive Corinthī); second declension

Corinthī (genitive)
Corinthus (nominative singular)
Corinthī (genitive singular)
Corinthō (dative singular)
Corinthum (accusative singular)
Corinthō (ablative singular)
Corinthe (singular vocative)
Corinthī (locative singular)

Catalan: Corint

English: Corinth

French: Corinthe

Galician: Corinto

Italian: Corinto

Portuguese: Corinto

Romanian: Corint

Spanish: Corinto

[kɔˈrɪn̪t̪ʰʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos).


Thebae

Thēbae f pl (genitive Thēbārum); first declension

Thēbae (canonical feminine plural)
Thēbārum (genitive)
Thēbae (nominative plural)
Thēbārum (genitive plural)
Thēbīs (dative plural)
Thēbās (accusative plural)
Thēbīs (ablative plural)
Thēbae (plural vocative)
Thēbīs (locative plural)

[ˈt̪ʰeːbäe̯]


Colonia Agrippina

Colōnia Agrippīna f sg (genitive Colōniae Agrippīnae); first declension

Colōnia Agrippīna (canonical feminine singular)
Colōniae Agrippīnae (genitive)
Colōnia Agrippīna (nominative singular)
Colōniae Agrippīnae (genitive singular)
Colōniae Agrippīnae (dative singular)
Colōniam Agrippīnam (accusative singular)
Colōniā Agrippīnā (ablative singular)
Colōnia Agrippīna (singular vocative)
Colōniae Agrippīnae (locative singular)

desc

Old French: Coloigne, Cologne, Coulongne

French: Cologne

desctree

→ Middle English: Coloyne, Colayne, Coleyn, Coleyne, colyn, Culane
English: Cologne (pronunciation remodelled after modern French)
→? Welsh: Cwlen
Middle Welsh: Cwlwyn

→ Catalan: Colònia

→ Greek: Κολωνία (Kolonía)

→ Old High German: *Kolona

desc

Middle High German: Kölne, Coelne, Collen

Central Franconian: Kölle

desctree

German: Köln, Cöln (obsolete since 1919), Coellen, Cöllen, Cölln (obsolete)
→ Hungarian: Köln
→ Icelandic: Köln
→ Russian: Кёльн (Kjolʹn)

→ Spanish: Colonia

Shortened form of the full name Colōnia Claudia Āra Agrippīnēnsium.

Cologne, Agrippine Colony; city on the Rhine River in Germany, founded by Agrippina, the mother of the Roman emperor Nero.


Mecca

la-proper noun

Mecca f sg (genitive Meccae); first declension

Meccae (genitive)
Mecca (nominative singular)
Meccae (genitive singular)
Meccae (dative singular)
Meccam (accusative singular)
Meccā (ablative singular)
Mecca (singular vocative)
Meccae (locative singular)

(post-Classical) Mecca (Arabic city in modern Saudi Arabia)


Damascus

Dāmascus f sg (genitive Dāmascī); second declension

Dāmascus (canonical feminine singular)
Dāmascī (genitive)
Dāmascus (nominative singular)
Dāmascī (genitive singular)
Dāmascō (dative singular)
Dāmascum (accusative singular)
Dāmascō (ablative singular)
Dāmasce (singular vocative)
Dāmascī (locative singular)

[d̪äːˈmäs̠kʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic source.

Damascus (an ancient city and the capital city of modern Syria)


Messene

Messēnē f sg (genitive Messēnēs); first declension

Messēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Messēnēs (genitive)
Messēnē (nominative singular)
Messēnēs (genitive singular)
Messēnae (dative singular)
Messēnēn (accusative singular)
Messēnē (ablative singular)
Messēnē (singular vocative)
Messēnae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μεσσήνη (Messḗnē).

The capital of Messenia, built under the direction of Epaminondas


Barium

Bārium n sg (genitive Bāriī or Bārī); second declension

Bārium (canonical neuter singular)
Bāriī (genitive)
Bārī (genitive)
Bārium (nominative singular)
Bāriī (genitive singular)
Bārī (genitive singular)
Bāriō (dative singular)
Bārium (accusative singular)
Bāriō (ablative singular)
Bārium (singular vocative)
Bāriī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βάριον (Bárion).

A maritime city in Apulia, situated on the coast of the Adriatic Sea, now Bari


Barca

Barca f sg (genitive Barcae); first declension

Barcae (genitive)
Barca (nominative singular)
Barcae (nominative plural)
Barcae (genitive singular)
Barcārum (genitive plural)
Barcae (dative singular)
Barcīs (dative plural)
Barcam (accusative singular)
Barcās (accusative plural)
Barcā (ablative singular)
Barcīs (ablative plural)
Barca (singular vocative)
Barcae (plural vocative)

From Punic 𐤁𐤓𐤒 (Baraq), from Phoenician 𐤁𐤓𐤒 (baraq, “lightning”), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *baraḳ-.

a surname from Punic, particularly (historical) a dynasty of Carthaginian leaders.


Barca

Barcae (genitive)
Barca (nominative singular)
Barcae (genitive singular)
Barcae (dative singular)
Barcam (accusative singular)
Barcā (ablative singular)
Barca (singular vocative)
Barcae (locative singular)

English: Barca

Italian: Barca

Spanish: Barca

From Ancient Greek Βάρκη (Bárkē), from the local tribe of the Barraci.


Elephantine

Elephantīnē f sg (genitive Elephantīnēs); first declension

Elephantīnē (canonical feminine singular)
Elephantīnēs (genitive)
Elephantīnē (nominative singular)
Elephantīnēs (genitive singular)
Elephantīnae (dative singular)
Elephantīnēn (accusative singular)
Elephantīnē (ablative singular)
Elephantīnē (singular vocative)
Elephantīnae (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Ἐλεφαντίνη (Elephantínē).

Elephantine (ancient island city in Egypt)


Dia

Dīa f sg (genitive Dīae); first declension

Dīa (canonical feminine singular)
Dīae (genitive)
Dīa (nominative singular)
Dīae (genitive singular)
Dīae (dative singular)
Dīam (accusative singular)
Dīā (ablative singular)
Dīa (singular vocative)


Henna

Henna f sg (genitive Hennae); first declension

Hennae (genitive)
Henna (nominative singular)
Hennae (genitive singular)
Hennae (dative singular)
Hennam (accusative singular)
Hennā (ablative singular)
Henna (singular vocative)
Hennae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔννα (Énna).

One of the most important cities of Sicily, situated near the center of the island, now Enna


Parma

Parma f sg (genitive Parmae); first declension

Parmae (genitive)
Parma (nominative singular)
Parmae (genitive singular)
Parmae (dative singular)
Parmam (accusative singular)
Parmā (ablative singular)
Parma (singular vocative)
Parmae (locative singular)


Luna

Lūna f sg (genitive Lūnae); first declension

Lūna (canonical feminine singular)
Lūnae (genitive)
Lūna (nominative singular)
Lūnae (genitive singular)
Lūnae (dative singular)
Lūnam (accusative singular)
Lūnā (ablative singular)
Lūna (singular vocative)
Lūnae (locative singular)

The same word as lūna (“moon”), taken as a proper noun.

A city in Etruria, situated on the left bank of the Macra


Phoenix

Phoenīx m sg (genitive Phoenīcis); third declension

Phoenīx (canonical masculine singular)
Phoenīcis (genitive)
Phoenīx (nominative singular)
Phoenīcis (genitive singular)
Phoenīcī (dative singular)
Phoenīcem (accusative singular)
Phoenīce (ablative singular)
Phoenīx (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek φοῖνῐξ (phoînix), Φοῖνῐξ (Phoînix).

(New Latin) Phoenix (the capital city of Arizona, United States).


Riga

Riga f sg (genitive Rigae); first declension

Rigae (genitive)
Riga (nominative singular)
Rigae (genitive singular)
Rigae (dative singular)
Rigam (accusative singular)
Rigā (ablative singular)
Riga (singular vocative)

Blokavs Munitio inter Rigam & Dinamunt ad Dwinam condita

1578, Alexander Guagnini, Sarmatiae Europeae descriptio, quae Regnum Poloniae, Lituaniam, Samogitiam, Russiam, Masouiam, Prussiam, Pomeraniam, Liuoniam, et Moschouiae, Tartariaeque partem complectitur [Description of European Sarmatia, Which Encompasses the Kingdom of Poland, Lithuania, Samogitia, Russia, Mazovia, Prussia, Pomerania, Livonia, Muscovy, and Part of Tartary], Liuoniae totius cum suis Prouinciis, Ciuitatibus, Castris, et Commendaturis, siue Palatinatibus, etc. Succincta descriptio [A succinct description of the whole of Livonia, with its provinces, cities, castles, and commanderies or palatinates, etc.], folio 3r:

Blokaus is a fortification built on the Dvina between Riga and Dünamünde.


Eboracum

Eborācum n sg (genitive Eborācī); second declension

Eborācum (canonical neuter singular)
Eborācī (genitive)
Eborācum (nominative singular)
Eborācī (genitive singular)
Eborācō (dative singular)
Eborācum (accusative singular)
Eborācō (ablative singular)
Eborācum (singular vocative)
Eborācī (locative singular)

desctree

→ Old English: Eoforwīċ, Eoferwīc, Ēorwīc
Middle English: Everwik, Eborwike, Eoverwic, Everwic, Everwich, Everwike, Everwyk
→ Old Norse: Jórvík
Icelandic: Jórvík
→ Faroese: Jórvík (learned)
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Jorvik (learned)
→ Swedish: Jorvik (learned)
→ Danish: Jorvig (learned)
→ Middle English: York, Yorke, Ȝork, Ȝorke, Ȝorc, Ȝeorc
English: York

[ɛbɔˈräːkʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from pre-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic *Eborākom, from *eburos (“yew”) + *-ākom (relative adjective suffix). See the entry York for more.

suffix

Eboracum, a fort and city in Roman Britain, which evolved into York.


Samaria

la-proper noun

Samarīa f sg (genitive Samarīae); first declension

Samarīa (canonical feminine singular)
Samarīae (genitive)
Samarīa (nominative singular)
Samarīae (genitive singular)
Samarīae (dative singular)
Samarīam (accusative singular)
Samarīā (ablative singular)
Samarīa (singular vocative)
Samarīae (locative singular)

[s̠ämäˈriːä]

From Ancient Greek Σαμάρεια (Samáreia), partial calque of Biblical Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֹן (Šōmərōn).

(historical) Former name of Sebastia, Samaria (a city in the West Bank, Palestine; ancient capital of the Kingdom of Israel)


Medina

Medīna f sg (genitive Medīnae); first declension

Medīna (canonical feminine singular)
Medīnae (genitive)
Medīna (nominative singular)
Medīnae (genitive singular)
Medīnae (dative singular)
Medīnam (accusative singular)
Medīnā (ablative singular)
Medīna (singular vocative)
Medīnae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْمَدِينَة (al-madīna).

bor

اَلْمَدِينَة

(post-Classical) Medina (Arabic city in modern Saudi Arabia)


Narnia

la-proper noun

Nārnia f sg (genitive Nārniae); first declension

Nārnia (canonical feminine singular)
Nārniae (genitive)
Nārnia (nominative singular)
Nārniae (genitive singular)
Nārniae (dative singular)
Nārniam (accusative singular)
Nārniā (ablative singular)
Nārnia (singular vocative)
Nārniae (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Νάρνεια (Nárneia)

Italian: Narni


Tokio

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”).

ja-r

(New Latin) Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


Emerita

la-proper noun

Ēmerita f sg (genitive Ēmeritae); first declension

Ēmerita (canonical feminine singular)
Ēmeritae (genitive)
Ēmerita (nominative singular)
Ēmeritae (genitive singular)
Ēmeritae (dative singular)
Ēmeritam (accusative singular)
Ēmeritā (ablative singular)
Ēmerita (singular vocative)
Ēmeritae (locative singular)

Colonia Augusta Emerita
Colonia Augusta Emerita#Latin

Short for Colonia Augusta Emerita. (an ancient Roman city, now Mérida, Spain)


Larisa

Lārīsa f sg (genitive Lārīsae); first declension

Lārīsa (canonical feminine singular)
Lārīsae (genitive)
Lārīsa (nominative singular)
Lārīsae (genitive singular)
Lārīsae (dative singular)
Lārīsam (accusative singular)
Lārīsā (ablative singular)
Lārīsa (singular vocative)
Lārīsae (locative singular)

[ɫ̪äːˈriːs̠ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λᾱ́ρισσα (Lā́rissa).


Sidon

Sīdōn f sg (genitive Sīdōnis); third declension

Sīdōn (canonical feminine singular)
Sīdōnis (genitive)
Sīdōn (nominative singular)
Sīdōnis (genitive singular)
Sīdōnī (dative singular)
Sīdōnem (accusative singular)
Sīdōne (ablative singular)
Sīdōn (singular vocative)
Sīdōnī (locative singular)
Sīdōne (locative singular)

English: Sidon

Catalan: Sidó

French: Sidon

Italian: Sidone

Ligurian: Sidón

Lombard: Sidun

Portuguese: Sídon

Romanian: Sidon

Sicilian: Siduni

Spanish: Sidón

From Ancient Greek Σιδών (Sidṓn), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤉𐤃𐤅𐤍 (ṣydwn).

Sidon (a city-state in Levant in Phoenicia) (a Phoenician city in modern Lebanon)


Nazareth

[ˈnäːz̪d̪͡z̪ärɛt̪ʰ]

[ˈnäd̪ː͡z̪äret̪]

From the Ancient Greek Νᾱζᾰρέθ (Nāzaréth, “Nazareth”), probably from the Hebrew נָצְרַת (Nāṣraṯ).


Gaza

la-proper noun

Gaza f sg (genitive Gazae); first declension

Gazae (genitive)
Gaza (nominative singular)
Gazae (genitive singular)
Gazae (dative singular)
Gazam (accusative singular)
Gazā (ablative singular)
Gaza (singular vocative)
Gazae (locative singular)

English: Gaza

Italian: Gaza

Sicilian: Gazza

[ˈɡäz̪d̪͡z̪ä]

[ˈɡäd̪ː͡z̪ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γάζα (Gáza), from Biblical Hebrew עַזָּה ('Áza).

Gaza (the capital of the Gaza Strip, Palestine)


Canopus

Canōpus m sg (genitive Canōpī); second declension

Canōpus (canonical masculine singular)
Canōpī (genitive)
Canōpus (nominative singular)
Canōpī (genitive singular)
Canōpō (dative singular)
Canōpum (accusative singular)
Canōpō (ablative singular)
Canōpe (singular vocative)
Canōpī (locative singular)

→ English: Canopus (learned)

From Ancient Greek Κάνωπος (Kánōpos, “Canopus”), Κάνωβος (Kánōbos, “Canobus”). Possibly Arabic جَنُوب (janūb, “south”) is cognate; compare the southeastern wall of the Kaaba pointing to the star and bearing the name جَنُوب (janūb).

der

Canopus (an ancient coastal city in northern Egypt, known for extravagance)


Mycenae

la-proper noun

Mycēnae f pl (genitive Mycēnārum); first declension

Mycēnae (canonical feminine plural)
Mycēnārum (genitive)
Mycēnae (nominative plural)
Mycēnārum (genitive plural)
Mycēnīs (dative plural)
Mycēnās (accusative plural)
Mycēnīs (ablative plural)
Mycēnae (plural vocative)
Mycēnīs (locative plural)

Italian: Micene

English: Mycenae

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μυκῆναι (Mukênai).

A city of Argolis and dwelling of the mythical king Agamemnon


Asmara

Āsmara f sg (genitive Āsmarae); first declension

Āsmara (canonical feminine singular)
Āsmarae (genitive)
Āsmara (nominative singular)
Āsmarae (genitive singular)
Āsmarae (dative singular)
Āsmaram (accusative singular)
Āsmarā (ablative singular)
Āsmara (singular vocative)
Āsmarae (locative singular)


Ancyra

Ancȳra f sg (genitive Ancȳrae); first declension

Ancȳra (canonical feminine singular)
Ancȳrae (genitive)
Ancȳra (nominative singular)
Ancȳrae (genitive singular)
Ancȳrae (dative singular)
Ancȳram (accusative singular)
Ancȳrā (ablative singular)
Ancȳra (singular vocative)
Ancȳrae (locative singular)

English: Ancyra

French: Ancyre

[än̠ʲˈt͡ʃiːrä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄγκῡρα (Ánkūra).

(historical) Ancyra (the capital city of Galatia)


Agatha

Agatha f sg (genitive Agathae); first declension

Agathae (genitive)
Agatha (nominative singular)
Agathae (genitive singular)
Agathae (dative singular)
Agatham (accusative singular)
Agathā (ablative singular)
Agatha (singular vocative)
Agathae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀγαθή (Agathḗ).

Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis#English


Bononia

Bonōnia f sg (genitive Bonōniae); first declension

Bonōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Bonōniae (genitive)
Bonōnia (nominative singular)
Bonōniae (genitive singular)
Bonōniae (dative singular)
Bonōniam (accusative singular)
Bonōniā (ablative singular)
Bonōnia (singular vocative)
Bonōniae (locative singular)

Emilian: Bulåggna

Old French: Boloigne, Bouloigne

French: Bologne, Boulogne

Picard: Boulonne

desctree

→ Middle English: Boloyne, Boleyne, Boloigne
English: Boulogne (pronunciation remodelled after modern French); Boleyn
→ Middle Welsh: Bwlwyn

Italian: Bologna

Sicilian: Bulogna

→⇒ English: bononian

→? Polish: Bolonia

→ Spanish: Bolonia

From the Celtic word for “settlement”; compare Gaulish *bona (“foundation, fortress”) << Proto-Celtic *bonus (“foundation”) and Boii, the Latin name of the Gaulish people who occupied the region c. 4th century BC.


Samosata

la-proper noun

Samosata n pl (genitive Samosatōrum); second declension

Samosatōrum (genitive)
Samosata (nominative plural)
Samosatōrum (genitive plural)
Samosatīs (dative plural)
Samosata (accusative plural)
Samosatīs (ablative plural)
Samosata (plural vocative)
Samosatīs (locative plural)

[s̠äˈmɔs̠ät̪ä]

[säˈmɔːs̬ät̪ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σαμόσατα (Samósata).

An ancient city in southeast Anatolia, in modern Turkey, located near the banks of the Euphrates; modern Samsat.


Novum Eboracum

Novum Eborācum n sg (genitive Novī Eborācī); second declension

Novum Eborācum (canonical neuter singular)
Novī Eborācī (genitive)
Novum Eborācum (nominative singular)
Novī Eborācī (genitive singular)
Novō Eborācō (dative singular)
Novum Eborācum (accusative singular)
Novō Eborācō (ablative singular)
Novum Eborācum (singular vocative)
Novī Eborācī (locative singular)

[ˈnou̯ʊ̃ˑ ɛbɔˈräːkʊ̃ˑ]

Calque of English New York, from novum (“new”) + Eborācum (“York”).


Sparta

Sparta f sg (genitive Spartae); first declension

Spartae (genitive)
Sparta (nominative singular)
Spartae (genitive singular)
Spartae (dative singular)
Spartam (accusative singular)
Spartā (ablative singular)
Sparta (singular vocative)
Spartae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σπάρτη (Spártē).


Hafnia

Hafnia f sg (genitive Hafniae); first declension

Hafniae (genitive)
Hafnia (nominative singular)
Hafniae (genitive singular)
Hafniae (dative singular)
Hafniam (accusative singular)
Hafniā (ablative singular)
Hafnia (singular vocative)
Hafniae (locative singular)

From Late Old Norse hǫfn (“harbour, port”) or Old Danish hafn (“harbour, port”); from Kaupmannahǫfn.


Genua

Genua f sg (genitive Genuae); first declension

Genuae (genitive)
Genua (nominative singular)
Genuae (genitive singular)
Genuae (dative singular)
Genuam (accusative singular)
Genuā (ablative singular)
Genua (singular vocative)
Genuae (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Γένουα (Génoua)

Italian: Genova

Padanian:

Old Ligurian: Ziéna, Zenoa

Ligurian: Zena

Piedmontese: Génoa, Zénoa, Zena

Old French: Jannes

Middle French: jean (fustian)

French: Gênes, jeans

Middle English: Gene (fustian), Geayne

English: jeans

Probably from the Ancient Ligurian word for "knee", from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénw-eh₂ (“knee”), a derivative of *ǵónu, in this sense "angle," from its geographical position, thus akin to Geneva.

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, in modern Italy)


Antirrhium

Antirrhium n sg (genitive Antirrhiī or Antirrhī); second declension

Antirrhiī (genitive)
Antirrhī (genitive)
Antirrhium (nominative singular)
Antirrhiī (genitive singular)
Antirrhī (genitive singular)
Antirrhiō (dative singular)
Antirrhium (accusative singular)
Antirrhiō (ablative singular)
Antirrhium (singular vocative)
Antirrhiī (locative singular)


Croton

Crotōn f sg (genitive Crotōnis); third declension

Crotōn (canonical feminine singular)
Crotōnis (genitive)
Crotōn (nominative singular)
Crotōnis (genitive singular)
Crotōnī (dative singular)
Crotōnem (accusative singular)
Crotōne (ablative singular)
Crotōn (singular vocative)
Crotōnī (locative singular)
Crotōne (locative singular)


Berenice

Berenīcē f sg (genitive Berenīcēs); first declension

Berenīcē (canonical feminine singular)
Berenīcēs (genitive)
Berenīcē (nominative singular)
Berenīcēs (genitive singular)
Berenīcae (dative singular)
Berenīcēn (accusative singular)
Berenīcē (ablative singular)
Berenīcē (singular vocative)
Berenīcae (locative singular)

⇒ Late Latin: Veronīca (see there for further descendants)

→ Basque: Berenize

→ Catalan: Berenice

→ Czech: Berenika

→ Dutch: Berenice

→ English: Berenice

→ Estonian: Berenike

→ Finnish: Berenike

→ French: Bérénice

→ Wolof: Berenis

→ German: Berenike

→ Hungarian: Bereniké

→ Irish: Beirnicé

→ Italian: Berenice

→ Norwegian: Berenike

→ Occitan: Berenice

→ Polish: Berenika

→ Portuguese: Berenice

→ Russian: Вереника (Verenika)

→ Spanish: Berenice

→ Swedish: Berenike

A city upon the Red Sea founded by Ptolemy II

A town of Arabia situated not far from Eilat


Luca

Lūca f sg (genitive Lūcae); first declension

Lūca (canonical feminine singular)
Lūcae (genitive)
Lūca (nominative singular)
Lūcae (genitive singular)
Lūcae (dative singular)
Lūcam (accusative singular)
Lūcā (ablative singular)
Lūca (singular vocative)
Lūcae (locative singular)

Possibly from Celtic-Ancient Ligurian *luk- (“swampy place”). Or, possibly instead from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright”).

A city in Etruria; site of modern-day Lucca


Upsala

Upsala f sg (genitive Upsalae); first declension

Upsalae (genitive)
Upsala (nominative singular)
Upsalae (genitive singular)
Upsalae (dative singular)
Upsalam (accusative singular)
Upsalā (ablative singular)
Upsala (singular vocative)
Upsalae (locative singular)


Kalevala

Kalevala f sg (genitive Kalevalae); first declension

Kalevalae (genitive)
Kalevala (nominative singular)
Kalevalae (genitive singular)
Kalevalae (dative singular)
Kalevalam (accusative singular)
Kalevalā (ablative singular)
Kalevala (singular vocative)

[käˈɫ̪eu̯äɫ̪ä]

[käˈlɛːvälä]

Kalevalsky District
Kalevalsky District#English

Republic of Karelia
Republic of Karelia#English

An urban-type settlement, the administrative capital of the Kalevalsky District, Republic of Karelia, in northwestern Russia; also historically known as Uhtua.


Hermione

Hermionē f sg (genitive Hermionēs); first declension

Hermionē (canonical feminine singular)
Hermionēs (genitive)
Hermionē (nominative singular)
Hermionēs (genitive singular)
Hermionae (dative singular)
Hermionēn (accusative singular)
Hermionē (ablative singular)
Hermionē (singular vocative)
Hermionae (locative singular)

Italian: Ermione


Aegium

Aegium n sg (genitive Aegiī or Aegī); second declension

Aegiī (genitive)
Aegī (genitive)
Aegium (nominative singular)
Aegiī (genitive singular)
Aegī (genitive singular)
Aegiō (dative singular)
Aegium (accusative singular)
Aegiō (ablative singular)
Aegium (singular vocative)
Aegiī (locative singular)


Singapura

Singapura f sg (genitive Singapurae); first declension

Singapurae (genitive)
Singapura (nominative singular)
Singapurae (genitive singular)
Singapurae (dative singular)
Singapuram (accusative singular)
Singapurā (ablative singular)
Singapura (singular vocative)

[s̠ɪŋˈɡäpʊrä]

(New Latin) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Ledesia

Ledesia f sg (genitive Ledesiae); first declension

Ledesiae (genitive)
Ledesia (nominative singular)
Ledesiae (genitive singular)
Ledesiae (dative singular)
Ledesiam (accusative singular)
Ledesiā (ablative singular)
Ledesia (singular vocative)
Ledesiae (locative singular)

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Leeds (a large city and metropolitan borough in modern West Yorkshire, England)


Laelia

Laelia f sg (genitive Laeliae); first declension

Laeliae (genitive)
Laelia (nominative singular)
Laeliae (genitive singular)
Laeliae (dative singular)
Laeliam (accusative singular)
Laeliā (ablative singular)
Laelia (singular vocative)
Laeliae (locative singular)

[ˈɫ̪äe̯lʲiä]

an inland city of the Turdetani, in Hispania Baetica


Asta

Asta f sg (genitive Astae); first declension

Astae (genitive)
Asta (nominative singular)
Astae (genitive singular)
Astae (dative singular)
Astam (accusative singular)
Astā (ablative singular)
Asta (singular vocative)
Astae (locative singular)

A city of Liguria on the river Tanarus, now Asti


Lipsia

Lipsia f sg (genitive Lipsiae); first declension

Lipsiae (genitive)
Lipsia (nominative singular)
Lipsiae (genitive singular)
Lipsiae (dative singular)
Lipsiam (accusative singular)
Lipsiā (ablative singular)
Lipsia (singular vocative)
Lipsiae (locative singular)

Italian: Lipsia

Portuguese: Lípsia

(Medieval Latin) Leipzig (a city in Saxony, Germany)


Lares

Larēs ? pl (genitive Larium); third declension

Larēs (canonical plural)
Larium (genitive)
Larēs (nominative plural)
Larium (genitive plural)
Laribus (dative plural)
Larēs (accusative plural)
Larīs (accusative plural)
Laribus (ablative plural)
Larēs (plural vocative)
Laribus (locative plural)

A city in Africa situated on the valley of the Bagrada, now Lorbeus


Glevum

Glēvum n sg (genitive Glēvī); second declension

Glēvum (canonical neuter singular)
Glēvī (genitive)
Glēvum (nominative singular)
Glēvī (genitive singular)
Glēvō (dative singular)
Glēvum (accusative singular)
Glēvō (ablative singular)
Glēvum (singular vocative)
Glēvī (locative singular)

From a Celtic term meaning “bright place”, from Proto-Celtic *gleiwom.


Elis

Ēlis f sg (genitive Ēlidis); third declension

Ēlis (canonical feminine singular)
Ēlidis (genitive)
Ēlis (nominative singular)
Ēlidis (genitive singular)
Ēlidī (dative singular)
Ēlidem (accusative singular)
Ēlide (ablative singular)
Ēlis (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἦλις (Êlis).

Elis (an ancient Greek city-state in northwestern Peloponnese, modern Greece)


Vindobona

Vindobona f sg (genitive Vindobonae); first declension

Vindobonae (genitive)
Vindobona (nominative singular)
Vindobonae (genitive singular)
Vindobonae (dative singular)
Vindobonam (accusative singular)
Vindobonā (ablative singular)
Vindobona (singular vocative)
Vindobonae (locative singular)

[u̯ɪn̪ˈd̪ɔbɔnä]

Borrowed from Gaulish *Windobona, probably from *windos (“white”) and *bona (“base”); see Vindobona and Vienna for more.


Roma

Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension

Rōma (canonical feminine singular)
Rōmae (genitive)
Rōma (nominative singular)
Rōmae (genitive singular)
Rōmae (dative singular)
Rōmam (accusative singular)
Rōmā (ablative singular)
Rōma (singular vocative)
Rōmae (locative singular)

desctree

Italian: Roma
→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)
→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)
→ Korean: 로마 (roma)

Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)
French: Rome
→ Guianese Creole: Ròm
→ Haitian Creole: Wòm
→ Persian: رم (rom)
→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)
Norman: Rome
Picard: Rome
Walloon: Rome

Old Occitan:

Occitan: Roma

Catalan: Roma

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma
Galician: Roma
Portuguese: Roma

Old Spanish: Roma

Spanish: Roma

Sicilian: Ruma, Roma

Borrowings

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)
Greek: Ρώμη (Rómi)
→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)
→ Aramaic: רומא
Classical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)
→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)
Armenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)
→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)
→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)
Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)
→ Sogdian: ("Rome, Byzantium")
Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)
Sogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)
→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) ("Byzantium, Greek")
→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)
→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)
Pazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)
Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)
Persian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)
→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)

→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)

→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)

→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ

Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Bulgarian: Рим (Rim)
Macedonian: Рим (Rim)
→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Old Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)
Belarusian: Рым (Rym)
Carpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)
Ukrainian: Рим (Rym)
Russian: Рим (Rim)
→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)

Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Ри̑м

Latin script: Rȋm

Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)

→ Old Czech: Řím
Czech: Řím
→ Kashubian: Rzim
→ Old Polish: Rzym
Polish: Rzym
→ Silesian: Rzim
→ Slovak: Rím

→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא

Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)

→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: Roma

Uncertain.
* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.
* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.
* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.

Ut Roma iugum omnibus terris imponeret.

Venit Roma.

Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of modern-day Italy)


Methone

la-proper noun

Methōnē f sg (genitive Methōnēs); first declension

Methōnē (canonical feminine singular)
Methōnēs (genitive)
Methōnē (nominative singular)
Methōnēs (genitive singular)
Methōnae (dative singular)
Methōnēn (accusative singular)
Methōnē (ablative singular)
Methōnē (singular vocative)
Methōnae (locative singular)

Dutch: Methone

English: Methone

French: Méthone

German: Methone

Italian: Metone

Spanish: Metone

Central Macedonia
Central Macedonia#English

(historical) Methone (an ancient city-state near present-day Methoni in Central Macedonia, Greece)

(historical) Methone (an ancient city-state near present-day Ano Lechonia in Thessaly, Greece)

(historical) Former name of Methana, Methana (a city in Attica, Greece)


Cydonia

Cydōnia f sg (genitive Cydōniae); first declension

Cydōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Cydōniae (genitive)
Cydōnia (nominative singular)
Cydōniae (genitive singular)
Cydōniae (dative singular)
Cydōniam (accusative singular)
Cydōniā (ablative singular)
Cydōnia (singular vocative)
Cydōniae (locative singular)

English: Cydonia

Translingual: Cydonia

From Ancient Greek Κυδωνία (Kudōnía), q.v.

(historical) Cydonia (an ancient city on the island of Crete, Greece)

(inexact) Synonym of Chania, Chania (a city on the island of Crete, Greece, at the site of the ancient Cydonia)


Arna

Arna f sg (genitive Arnae); first declension

Arnae (genitive)
Arna (nominative singular)
Arnae (genitive singular)
Arnae (dative singular)
Arnam (accusative singular)
Arnā (ablative singular)
Arna (singular vocative)
Arnae (locative singular)


Camulodunum

Camulodūnum n sg (genitive Camulodūnī); second declension

Camulodūnum (canonical neuter singular)
Camulodūnī (genitive)
Camulodūnum (nominative singular)
Camulodūnī (genitive singular)
Camulodūnō (dative singular)
Camulodūnum (accusative singular)
Camulodūnō (ablative singular)
Camulodūnum (singular vocative)
Camulodūnī (locative singular)

[kämʊɫ̪ɔˈd̪uːnʊ̃ˑ]

Fortress of Camulus, a Celtic deity, + *dūnom (“fortification”).


Ottavia

Ottavia f sg (genitive Ottaviae); first declension

Ottaviae (genitive)
Ottavia (nominative singular)
Ottaviae (genitive singular)
Ottaviae (dative singular)
Ottaviam (accusative singular)
Ottaviā (ablative singular)
Ottavia (singular vocative)
Ottaviae (locative singular)

[ɔt̪ˈt̪äu̯iä]


Megalopolis

Megalopolis f sg (genitive Megalopolis); third declension

Megalopolis (genitive)
Megalopolis (nominative singular)
Megalopolis (genitive singular)
Megalopolī (dative singular)
Megalopolim (accusative singular)
Megalopolin (accusative singular)
Megalopolī (ablative singular)
Megalopolis (singular vocative)
Megalopolī (singular vocative)
Megalopolī (locative singular)

[mɛɡäˈɫ̪ɔpɔlʲɪs̠]

From the Ancient Greek Μεγᾰλόπολῐς (Megalópolis).


Orchomenus

Orchomenus m sg (genitive Orchomenī); second declension

Orchomenī (genitive)
Orchomenus (nominative singular)
Orchomenī (genitive singular)
Orchomenō (dative singular)
Orchomenum (accusative singular)
Orchomenō (ablative singular)
Orchomene (singular vocative)
Orchomenī (locative singular)

[ɔrˈkʰɔmɛnʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὀρχομενός (Orkhomenós).


Megara

Megara f sg (genitive Megarae); first declension

Megara n pl (genitive Megarōrum); second declension

Megarae (genitive)
Megarōrum (genitive)
Megara (nominative singular)
Megarae (genitive singular)
Megarae (dative singular)
Megaram (accusative singular)
Megarā (ablative singular)
Megara (singular vocative)
Megarae (locative singular)
First-declension noun
with locative
singular only.
Megara (nominative plural)
Megarōrum (genitive plural)
Megarīs (dative plural)
Megara (accusative plural)
Megarīs (ablative plural)
Megara (plural vocative)
Megarīs (locative plural)

English: Megara

French: Mégara, Mégare

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μέγαρα (Mégara).

The capital city of Megaris and birthplace of Euclid


Thessalonica

Thessalonīca f sg (genitive Thessalonīcae); first declension

Thessalonīca (canonical feminine singular)
Thessalonīcae (genitive)
Thessalonīca (nominative singular)
Thessalonīcae (genitive singular)
Thessalonīcae (dative singular)
Thessalonīcam (accusative singular)
Thessalonīcā (ablative singular)
Thessalonīca (singular vocative)
Thessalonīcae (locative singular)

[t̪ʰɛs̠ːäɫ̪ɔˈniːkä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη (Thessalonī́kē).

der

Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη


Sais

la-proper noun

Sais f sg (genitive Sais); third declension

Sais (genitive)
Sais (nominative singular)
Sais (genitive singular)
Saī (dative singular)
Saim (accusative singular)
Sae (ablative singular)
Sais (singular vocative)
Saī (locative singular)
Sae (locative singular)


Varsovia

Varsovia f sg (genitive Varsoviae); first declension

Varsoviae (genitive)
Varsovia (nominative singular)
Varsoviae (genitive singular)
Varsoviae (dative singular)
Varsoviam (accusative singular)
Varsoviā (ablative singular)
Varsovia (singular vocative)
Varsoviae (locative singular)

Catalan: Varsòvia

French: Varsovie

Galician: Varsovia

Italian: Varsavia

Portuguese: Varsóvia

Romanian: Varșovia

Spanish: Varsovia


Pharsalus

Pharsālus m sg (genitive Pharsālī); second declension

Pharsālus (canonical masculine singular)
Pharsālī (genitive)
Pharsālus (nominative singular)
Pharsālī (genitive singular)
Pharsālō (dative singular)
Pharsālum (accusative singular)
Pharsālō (ablative singular)
Pharsāle (singular vocative)
Pharsālī (locative singular)

[pʰärˈs̠äːɫ̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Φάρσαλος (Phársalos).

a city of Thessaly where Caesar defeated Pompey


Cracovia

Cracōvia f sg (genitive Cracōviae); first declension

Cracōvia (canonical feminine singular)
Cracōviae (genitive)
Cracōvia (nominative singular)
Cracōviae (genitive singular)
Cracōviae (dative singular)
Cracōviam (accusative singular)
Cracōviā (ablative singular)
Cracōvia (singular vocative)
Cracōviae (locative singular)


Savo

Savō f sg (genitive Savōnis); third declension

Savō (canonical feminine singular)
Savōnis (genitive)
Savō (nominative singular)
Savōnis (genitive singular)
Savōnī (dative singular)
Savōnem (accusative singular)
Savōne (ablative singular)
Savō (singular vocative)
Savōnī (locative singular)
Savōne (locative singular)

Probably related to the name of the river (see Etymology 2 below).


Cyrene

Cȳrēnē f sg (genitive Cȳrēnēs); first declension

Cȳrēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Cȳrēnēs (genitive)
Cȳrēnē (nominative singular)
Cȳrēnēs (genitive singular)
Cȳrēnae (dative singular)
Cȳrēnēn (accusative singular)
Cȳrēnē (ablative singular)
Cȳrēnē (singular vocative)
Cȳrēnae (locative singular)

English: Cyrene

Portuguese: Cirena

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κῡρήνη (Kūrḗnē).


Nisibis

Nisibis f sg (genitive Nisibis); third declension

Nisibis (genitive)
Nisibis (nominative singular)
Nisibis (genitive singular)
Nisibī (dative singular)
Nisibem (accusative singular)
Nisibe (ablative singular)
Nisibis (singular vocative)
Nisibī (locative singular)
Nisibe (locative singular)

[ˈnɪs̠ɪbɪs̠]


Caesarea

Caesarēa f sg (genitive Caesarēae); first declension

Caesarēa (canonical feminine singular)
Caesarēae (genitive)
Caesarēa (nominative singular)
Caesarēae (genitive singular)
Caesarēae (dative singular)
Caesarēam (accusative singular)
Caesarēā (ablative singular)
Caesarēa (singular vocative)
Caesarēae (locative singular)

→ Catalan: Cesarea

→ English: Caesarea

→ French: Césarée

→ Italian: Cesarea

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia) (calque)

→ Arabic: قَيْسارِيّة (qaysāriyya)

→ Turkish: Kayserya

→ Old Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia)

→ Hebrew: קֵיסָרְיָה (Keysaryá)

→ Turkish: Kayseri

→ Russian: Кесари́я (Kesaríja)

Old Galician-Portuguese: Cesaira

→ Polish: Cezarea

→ Portuguese: Cesareia

→ Spanish: Cesarea

[käe̯s̠äˈreːä]

[t͡ʃes̬äˈrɛːä]

From Caesar + -ēa, on the pattern of Alexandrēa and similar. In sense 2, by phono-semantic matching of English Jersey.

phono-semantic matching

Caesarea Maritima
Caesarea Maritima#English

Name of numerous cities and locations in the Roman Empire, among which are:

Caesarea Maritima (an ancient city in modern Israel; modern Caesarea)

Caesarea in Cappadocia
Caesarea in Cappadocia#English

Caesarea in Cappadocia (an ancient city in Cappadocia, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri)

Caesarea in Mauretania
Caesarea in Mauretania#English

Caesarea in Mauretania (the ancient capital of the polities of Numidia and Mauretania, in modern Algeria; modern Cherchell)


Capsa

la-proper noun

Capsa f sg (genitive Capsae); first declension

Capsae (genitive)
Capsa (nominative singular)
Capsae (genitive singular)
Capsae (dative singular)
Capsam (accusative singular)
Capsā (ablative singular)
Capsa (singular vocative)
Capsae (locative singular)

English: Capsian, Capsitan

French: capsien

Arabic: قَفْصَة (qafṣa)

English: Gafsa

An Ancient town in North Africa, succeeded by the southern Tunisian oasis city Gafsa

The Latin name of a Roman Catholic titular see


Nicaea

Nīcaea f sg (genitive Nīcaeae); first declension

Nīcaea (canonical feminine singular)
Nīcaeae (genitive)
Nīcaea (nominative singular)
Nīcaeae (genitive singular)
Nīcaeae (dative singular)
Nīcaeam (accusative singular)
Nīcaeā (ablative singular)
Nīcaea (singular vocative)
Nīcaeae (locative singular)

Nicaea, Hellenic city in northwestern Anatolia


Calydon

Calydōn m sg (genitive Calydōnis); third declension

Calydōn (canonical masculine singular)
Calydōnis (genitive)
Calydōn (nominative singular)
Calydōnis (genitive singular)
Calydōnī (dative singular)
Calydōnem (accusative singular)
Calydōne (ablative singular)
Calydōn (singular vocative)
Calydōnī (locative singular)
Calydōne (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Καλυδών (Kaludṓn).

The most celebrated city of Aetolia, situated in a fertile plain near the river Evenus


Meacum

Meacum n sg (genitive Meacī); second declension

Meacī (genitive)
Meacum (nominative singular)
Meacī (genitive singular)
Meacō (dative singular)
Meacum (accusative singular)
Meacō (ablative singular)
Meacum (singular vocative)
Meacī (locative singular)

Meaco (the medieval name of Kyoto, the modern capital of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


Panticapaeum

Panticapaeum n sg (genitive Panticapaeī); second declension

Panticapaeī (genitive)
Panticapaeum (nominative singular)
Panticapaeī (genitive singular)
Panticapaeō (dative singular)
Panticapaeum (accusative singular)
Panticapaeō (ablative singular)
Panticapaeum (singular vocative)
Panticapaeī (locative singular)

[pän̪t̪ɪkäˈpäe̯ʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek Παντικάπαιον (Pantikápaion).

bor

Παντικάπαιον


Uria

la-proper noun

Uria f sg (genitive Uriae); first declension

Uriae (genitive)
Uria (nominative singular)
Uriae (genitive singular)
Uriae (dative singular)
Uriam (accusative singular)
Uriā (ablative singular)
Uria (singular vocative)
Uriae (locative singular)


Hebron

Hebrōn m sg (variously declined, genitive Hebrōn or Hebrōnis); indeclinable, third declension

Hebrōn (canonical masculine singular)
Hebrōn (genitive)
Hebrōnis (genitive)
Hebrōn (nominative singular)
Hebrōn (genitive singular)
Hebrōnis (genitive singular)
Hebrōn (dative singular)
Hebrōnī (dative singular)
Hebrōn (accusative singular)
Hebrōnem (accusative singular)
Hebrōn (ablative singular)
Hebrōne (ablative singular)
Hebrōn (singular vocative)
Hebrōn (locative singular)
Hebrōnī (locative singular)
Hebrōne (locative singular)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Hebron.


Ptolemais

Ptolemāis f sg (genitive Ptolemāidis); third declension

Ptolemāis (canonical feminine singular)
Ptolemāidis (genitive)
Ptolemāis (nominative singular)
Ptolemāidis (genitive singular)
Ptolemāidī (dative singular)
Ptolemāidem (accusative singular)
Ptolemāida (accusative singular)
Ptolemāide (ablative singular)
Ptolemāis (singular vocative)
Ptolemāidī (locative singular)
Ptolemāide (locative singular)

[pt̪ɔɫ̪ɛˈmäːɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek Πτολεμαΐς (Ptolemaḯs).

Any of several settlements in the Hellenistic world, including:


Leida

Leida f sg (genitive Leidae); first declension

Leidae (genitive)
Leida (nominative singular)
Leidae (genitive singular)
Leidae (dative singular)
Leidam (accusative singular)
Leidā (ablative singular)
Leida (singular vocative)
Leidae (locative singular)

Probably adapted from Middle Dutch Leyden.

Leiden (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)


Baltimora

Baltimōra f sg (genitive Baltimōrae); first declension

Baltimōra (canonical feminine singular)
Baltimōrae (genitive)
Baltimōra (nominative singular)
Baltimōrae (genitive singular)
Baltimōrae (dative singular)
Baltimōram (accusative singular)
Baltimōrā (ablative singular)
Baltimōra (singular vocative)
Baltimōrae (locative singular)

[bäɫ̪t̪ɪˈmoːrä]


Seulum

Seū̆lum n sg (genitive Seū̆lī); second declension

Seū̆lum (canonical neuter singular)
Seū̆lī (genitive)
Seū̆lum (nominative singular)
Seū̆lī (genitive singular)
Seū̆lō (dative singular)
Seū̆lum (accusative singular)
Seū̆lō (ablative singular)
Seū̆lum (singular vocative)
Seū̆lī (locative singular)

[s̠eˈuːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

[ˈs̠eʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”).

bor

(New Latin) Seoul (the capital city of South Korea)


Castrum Danorum

la-proper noun

Castrum Dānōrum n sg (genitive Castrī Dānōrum); second declension

Castrum Dānōrum (canonical neuter singular)
Castrī Dānōrum (genitive)
Castrum Dānōrum (nominative singular)
Castrī Dānōrum (genitive singular)
Castrō Dānōrum (dative singular)
Castrum Dānōrum (accusative singular)
Castrō Dānōrum (ablative singular)
Castrum Dānōrum (singular vocative)
Castrī Dānōrum (locative singular)

[ˈkäs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ d̪äːˈnoːrʊ̃ˑ]


Pusanum

Pusanum n sg (genitive Pusanī); second declension

Pusanī (genitive)
Pusanum (nominative singular)
Pusanī (genitive singular)
Pusanō (dative singular)
Pusanum (accusative singular)
Pusanō (ablative singular)
Pusanum (singular vocative)
Pusanī (locative singular)


Cantabrigia

Cantabrigia f sg (genitive Cantabrigiae); first declension

Cantabrigiae (genitive)
Cantabrigia (nominative singular)
Cantabrigiae (genitive singular)
Cantabrigiae (dative singular)
Cantabrigiam (accusative singular)
Cantabrigiā (ablative singular)
Cantabrigia (singular vocative)
Cantabrigiae (locative singular)

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Cambridge (a city in England, site of the University of Cambridge)


Liverpolis

Liverpolis f sg (genitive Liverpolis); third declension

Liverpolis (genitive)
Liverpolis (nominative singular)
Liverpolis (genitive singular)
Liverpolī (dative singular)
Liverpolim (accusative singular)
Liverpolin (accusative singular)
Liverpolī (ablative singular)
Liverpolis (singular vocative)
Liverpolī (singular vocative)
Liverpolī (locative singular)

(New Latin) Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)


Persepolis

Persēpolis f sg (genitive Persēpolis); third declension

Persēpolis (canonical feminine singular)
Persēpolis (genitive)
Persēpolis (nominative singular)
Persēpolis (genitive singular)
Persēpolī (dative singular)
Persēpolim (accusative singular)
Persēpolin (accusative singular)
Persēpolī (ablative singular)
Persēpolis (singular vocative)
Persēpolī (singular vocative)
Persēpolī (locative singular)

Catalan: Persèpolis

English: Persepolis

Esperanto: Persepolo

French: Persépolis

Polish: Persepolis

Portuguese: Persépolis

Spanish: Persépolis

Italian: Persepoli

From Ancient Greek Περσέπολις (Persépolis), from Πέρσης (Pérsēs, “Persian”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (Pārsa, “Persis, Persia, a Persian, Persepolis”) although ancient Greek writers relate a folk etymology that derived the city, country, and people's name from Ancient Greek πέρθειν (pérthein, “to sack, to kill”).


Pohangum

la-proper noun

Pohangum n sg (genitive Pohangī); second declension

Pohangī (genitive)
Pohangum (nominative singular)
Pohangī (genitive singular)
Pohangō (dative singular)
Pohangum (accusative singular)
Pohangō (ablative singular)
Pohangum (singular vocative)
Pohangī (locative singular)


Taeieonum

Taeieonum n sg (genitive Taeieonī); second declension

Taeieonī (genitive)
Taeieonum (nominative singular)
Taeieonī (genitive singular)
Taeieonō (dative singular)
Taeieonum (accusative singular)
Taeieonō (ablative singular)
Taeieonum (singular vocative)
Taeieonī (locative singular)

[t̪äe̯i̯ˈi̯eɔnʊ̃ˑ]

Daejeon (a metropolitan city of South Korea)


Miletus

Mīlētus f sg (genitive Mīlētī); second declension

Mīlētus (canonical feminine singular)
Mīlētī (genitive)
Mīlētus (nominative singular)
Mīlētī (genitive singular)
Mīlētō (dative singular)
Mīlētum (accusative singular)
Mīlētō (ablative singular)
Mīlēte (singular vocative)
Mīlētī (locative singular)


Inessa

Inēssa f sg (genitive Inēssae); first declension

Inēssa (canonical feminine singular)
Inēssae (genitive)
Inēssa (nominative singular)
Inēssae (genitive singular)
Inēssae (dative singular)
Inēssam (accusative singular)
Inēssā (ablative singular)
Inēssa (singular vocative)
Inēssae (locative singular)

A Sicilian city situated at the foot of the Aetna


Pergamum

Pergamum n sg (genitive Pergamī); second declension

Pergamī (genitive)
Pergamum (nominative singular)
Pergamī (genitive singular)
Pergamō (dative singular)
Pergamum (accusative singular)
Pergamō (ablative singular)
Pergamum (singular vocative)
Pergamī (locative singular)


Hierusalem

Old English: Hierusalem

English: Jerusalem

From Ancient Greek Ἱερουσᾱλήμ (Hierousālḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (y'rushaláyim, “Jerusalem”).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

anno tertio regni Ioachim regis Iuda venit Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis Hierusalem et obsedit eam

Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Danihelis 1:1:

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.


Nicomedia

la-proper noun

Nīcomēdīa f sg (genitive Nīcomēdīae); first declension

Nīcomēdīa (canonical feminine singular)
Nīcomēdīae (genitive)
Nīcomēdīa (nominative singular)
Nīcomēdīae (genitive singular)
Nīcomēdīae (dative singular)
Nīcomēdīam (accusative singular)
Nīcomēdīā (ablative singular)
Nīcomēdīa (singular vocative)
Nīcomēdīae (locative singular)

English: Nicomedia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Νῑκομήδειᾰ (Nīkomḗdeia).


Sybaris

Sybaris f sg (genitive Sybaris); third declension

Sybaris (genitive)
Sybaris (nominative singular)
Sybaris (genitive singular)
Sybarī (dative singular)
Sybarim (accusative singular)
Sybarin (accusative singular)
Sybarī (ablative singular)
Sybaris (singular vocative)
Sybarī (locative singular)

[ˈs̠ʏbärɪs̠]

A city of Magna Graecia, notable for the luxury of its inhabitants


Tripolis

Tripolis f sg (genitive Tripolis or Tripoleos); third declension

Tripolis (genitive)
Tripoleos (genitive)
Tripolis (nominative singular)
Tripolis (genitive singular)
Tripoleos (genitive singular)
Tripolī (dative singular)
Tripolim (accusative singular)
Tripolin (accusative singular)
Tripolī (ablative singular)
Tripolis (singular vocative)
Tripolī (singular vocative)
Tripolī (locative singular)

[ˈt̪rɪpɔlʲɪs̠]


Susa

Sūsa n pl (genitive Sūsōrum); second declension

Sūsa (canonical neuter plural)
Sūsōrum (genitive)
Sūsa (nominative plural)
Sūsōrum (genitive plural)
Sūsīs (dative plural)
Sūsa (accusative plural)
Sūsīs (ablative plural)
Sūsa (plural vocative)
Sūsīs (locative plural)

(historical) Susa (a former city in Iran)


Tyros

Tyros f sg (genitive Tyrī); second declension

Tyrī (genitive)
Tyros (nominative singular)
Tyrī (genitive singular)
Tyrō (dative singular)
Tyron (accusative singular)
Tyrō (ablative singular)
Tyre (singular vocative)
Tyrī (locative singular)


Lacedaemon

Lacedaemō̆n f sg (genitive Lacedaemonis); third declension

Lacedaemō̆n (canonical feminine singular)
Lacedaemonis (genitive)
Lacedaemō̆n (nominative singular)
Lacedaemonis (genitive singular)
Lacedaemonī (dative singular)
Lacedaemonem (accusative singular)
Lacedaemona (accusative singular)
Lacedaemone (ablative singular)
Lacedaemō̆n (singular vocative)
Lacedaemonī (locative singular)

[ɫ̪äkɛˈd̪äe̯moːn]

[ɫ̪äkɛˈd̪äe̯mɔn]

From Ancient Greek Λακεδαίμων (Lakedaímōn).


Melitene

Melitēnē f sg (genitive Melitēnēs); first declension

Melitēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Melitēnēs (genitive)
Melitēnē (nominative singular)
Melitēnēs (genitive singular)
Melitēnae (dative singular)
Melitēnēn (accusative singular)
Melitēnē (ablative singular)
Melitēnē (singular vocative)
Melitēnae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μελιτηνή (Melitēnḗ).

A city in the eastern part of Cappadocia, now Malatya


Limonum

Limōnum n sg (genitive Limōnī); second declension

Limōnum (canonical neuter singular)
Limōnī (genitive)
Limōnum (nominative singular)
Limōnī (genitive singular)
Limōnō (dative singular)
Limōnum (accusative singular)
Limōnō (ablative singular)
Limōnum (singular vocative)
Limōnī (locative singular)

[lʲɪˈmoːnʊ̃ˑ]

The chief city of the Pictones in Aquitania, now Poitiers


Burdigala

Burdigala f sg (genitive Burdigalae); first declension

Burdigalae (genitive)
Burdigala (nominative singular)
Burdigalae (genitive singular)
Burdigalae (dative singular)
Burdigalam (accusative singular)
Burdigalā (ablative singular)
Burdigala (singular vocative)
Burdigalae (locative singular)

[bʊrˈd̪ɪɡäɫ̪ä]

Named after Bituriges Vivisci, a Gaulish tribe in the area. The first word is said to mean kings of the world, from Proto-Celtic *bitus + *rīxs.

Bordeaux (the capital city of the modern Gironde department, France; capital city of the modern region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Byzantion

Bȳzantion n sg (genitive Bȳzantiī); second declension

Bȳzantion (canonical neuter singular)
Bȳzantiī (genitive)
Bȳzantion (nominative singular)
Bȳzantiī (genitive singular)
Bȳzantiō (dative singular)
Bȳzantion (accusative singular)
Bȳzantiō (ablative singular)
Bȳzantion (singular vocative)
Bȳzantiī (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Βῡζᾰ́ντῐον (Būzántion).

Alternative form of Bȳzantium (“Byzantium, ancient city on the Bosporus founded c. 660 BC, becoming an Eastern Roman capital named Constantinople from c. AD 330-1930; now called Istanbul”)


Hiericus

Hiericūs f sg (genitive Hiericuntis); third declension

Hiericūs (canonical feminine singular)
Hiericuntis (genitive)
Hiericūs (nominative singular)
Hiericuntis (genitive singular)
Hiericuntī (dative singular)
Hiericuntem (accusative singular)
Hiericunte (ablative singular)
Hiericūs (singular vocative)
Hiericuntī (locative singular)
Hiericunte (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Ἰερῑχώ (Ierīkhṓ), from Biblical Hebrew יְרִיחוֹ (Yərīḥṓ).


Traiectum ad Mosam

Trāiectum ad Mosam n sg (genitive Trāiectī ad Mosam); second declension

Trāiectum ad Mosam (canonical neuter singular)
Trāiectī ad Mosam (genitive)
Trāiectum ad Mosam (nominative singular)
Trāiectī ad Mosam (genitive singular)
Trāiectō ad Mosam (dative singular)
Trāiectum ad Mosam (accusative singular)
Trāiectō ad Mosam (ablative singular)
Trāiectum ad Mosam (singular vocative)
Trāiectī ad Mosam (locative singular)


Mosae Traiectum

Mosae Trāiectum n sg (genitive Mosae Trāiectī); second declension

Mosae Trāiectum (canonical neuter singular)
Mosae Trāiectī (genitive)
Mosae Trāiectum (nominative singular)
Mosae Trāiectī (genitive singular)
Mosae Trāiectō (dative singular)
Mosae Trāiectum (accusative singular)
Mosae Trāiectō (ablative singular)
Mosae Trāiectum (singular vocative)
Mosae Trāiectī (locative singular)

Mosae, genitive singular of Mosa (“Meuse River”) + trajectus (“passage, ford”).


Noviomagus

Noviomagus f sg (genitive Noviomagī); second declension

Noviomagī (genitive)
Noviomagus (nominative singular)
Noviomagī (genitive singular)
Noviomagō (dative singular)
Noviomagum (accusative singular)
Noviomagō (ablative singular)
Noviomage (singular vocative)
Noviomagī (locative singular)

Dutch: Nijmegen

French: Noyon

German: Neumagen

From Celtic, meaning “new field” or “new market”, from Proto-Celtic *nouyos + *magos (“field”).

One of a number of place names throughout the Roman empire. Although most of these places had longer names, the name Noviomagus was often used as a shorthand.


Palma

Palma f sg (genitive Palmae); first declension

Palmae (genitive)
Palma (nominative singular)
Palmae (genitive singular)
Palmae (dative singular)
Palmam (accusative singular)
Palmā (ablative singular)
Palma (singular vocative)
Palmae (locative singular)

Palma (city on Majorca, in the Balearic Islands)


Cosa

Cosa f sg (genitive Cosae); first declension

Cosae (genitive)
Cosa (nominative singular)
Cosae (genitive singular)
Cosae (dative singular)
Cosam (accusative singular)
Cosā (ablative singular)
Cosa (singular vocative)
Cosae (locative singular)

From Etruscan 𐌂𐌖𐌔𐌉 (cusi) or 𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌀 (cosia).

an Etruscan city of Etruria, situated on the seacoast


Ardea

Ardea f sg (genitive Ardeae); first declension

Ardeae (genitive)
Ardea (nominative singular)
Ardeae (genitive singular)
Ardeae (dative singular)
Ardeam (accusative singular)
Ardeā (ablative singular)
Ardea (singular vocative)
Ardeae (locative singular)

a very ancient city of Latium, capital of the Rutuli


Sena

Sena f sg (genitive Senae); first declension

Senae (genitive)
Sena (nominative singular)
Senae (genitive singular)
Senae (dative singular)
Senam (accusative singular)
Senā (ablative singular)
Sena (singular vocative)
Senae (locative singular)

Italian: Siena

Sicilian: Sena

From Gaulish Senōnēs, a local tribe from antiquity.


Tyrus

Tyrus f sg (genitive Tyrī); second declension

Tyrī (genitive)
Tyrus (nominative singular)
Tyrī (genitive singular)
Tyrō (dative singular)
Tyrum (accusative singular)
Tyrō (ablative singular)
Tyre (singular vocative)
Tyrī (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Τύρος (Túros), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤅𐤓 (ṣwr).

Tyre (Phoenician city in modern Lebanon)


Patara

Patara n pl (genitive Patarōrum); second declension

Patarōrum (genitive)
Patara (nominative plural)
Patarōrum (genitive plural)
Patarīs (dative plural)
Patara (accusative plural)
Patarīs (ablative plural)
Patara (plural vocative)
Patarīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάταρα (Pátara).

a maritime city of Lycia, celebrated for its temple of Apollo


Nicopolis

Nīcopolis f sg (genitive Nīcopolis or Nīcopolios); third declension

Nīcopolis (canonical feminine singular)
Nīcopolis (genitive)
Nīcopolios (genitive)
Nīcopolis (nominative singular)
Nīcopolis (genitive singular)
Nīcopolios (genitive singular)
Nīcopolī (dative singular)
Nīcopolim (accusative singular)
Nīcopolin (accusative singular)
Nīcopolī (ablative singular)
Nīcopolis (singular vocative)
Nīcopolī (singular vocative)
Nīcopolī (locative singular)

→ English: Nicopolis

From Ancient Greek Νικόπολις (Nikópolis, “city of victory”).

bor

Nicopolis (various cities in the Roman Empire), including:

The capital of Epirus Vetus, in the Roman Empire, now Preveza (a city in Greece)

(historical) Emmaus (a former city in the West Bank, Palestine)


Amphipolis

la-proper noun

Amphipolis f sg (genitive Amphipolis); third declension

Amphipolis (genitive)
Amphipolis (nominative singular)
Amphipolis (genitive singular)
Amphipolī (dative singular)
Amphipolim (accusative singular)
Amphipolin (accusative singular)
Amphipolī (ablative singular)
Amphipolis (singular vocative)
Amphipolī (singular vocative)
Amphipolī (locative singular)

[ämˈpʰɪpɔlʲɪs̠]

From Ancient Greek Ἀμφίπολις (Amphípolis).

A city in Macedonia, Greece situated on the left bank of the river Strymon


Tolosa

Tolōsa f sg (genitive Tolōsae); first declension

Tolōsa (canonical feminine singular)
Tolōsae (genitive)
Tolōsa (nominative singular)
Tolōsae (genitive singular)
Tolōsae (dative singular)
Tolōsam (accusative singular)
Tolōsā (ablative singular)
Tolōsa (singular vocative)
Tolōsae (locative singular)

[t̪ɔˈɫ̪oːs̠ä]

[t̪oˈlɔːs̬ä]

Probably of Aquitanian, Iberian, or Gaulish origin; compare Ancient Greek Τολῶσσα (Tolôssa).

Toulouse (the capital city of the Haute-Garonne department, France; capital city of the region of Occitanie)


Bristolium

Bristolium n (genitive Bristoliī or Bristolī); second declension

Bristoliī (genitive)
Bristolī (genitive)
Bristolium (nominative singular)
Bristoliī (genitive singular)
Bristolī (genitive singular)
Bristoliō (dative singular)
Bristolium (accusative singular)
Bristoliō (ablative singular)
Bristolium (singular vocative)
Bristoliī (locative singular)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest modern England)


Monoecus

Monoecus m sg (genitive Monoecī); second declension

Monoecī (genitive)
Monoecus (nominative singular)
Monoecī (genitive singular)
Monoecō (dative singular)
Monoecum (accusative singular)
Monoecō (ablative singular)
Monoece (singular vocative)
Monoecī (locative singular)


Melita

Melita f sg (genitive Melitae); first declension

Melitae (genitive)
Melita (nominative singular)
Melitae (genitive singular)
Melitae (dative singular)
Melitam (accusative singular)
Melitā (ablative singular)
Melita (singular vocative)
Melitae (locative singular)

desctree

→ Arabic: مَالِطَا (māliṭā)
Maltese: Malta (see there for further descendants)
→ Ottoman Turkish: مالطه (malta)
Turkish: Malta
→ South Levantine Arabic: مالطا (mālṭa)

English: Melita

→ Proto-Slavic: *Mьlětъ

Serbo-Croatian: Mljet

→ English: Mljet

→ Greek: Μλιετ (Mliet)

Venetan: Meleda

→ Italian: Meleda

→ English: Meleda (obsolete)

From Ancient Greek Μελίτη (Melítē). In reference to Mdina, apparently from its role as the seat of government over the island.

Mdina (a city on the island of Malta, Malta)


Philippi

la-proper noun

Philippī m pl (genitive Philippōrum); second declension

Philippī (canonical masculine plural)
Philippōrum (genitive)
Philippī (nominative plural)
Philippōrum (genitive plural)
Philippīs (dative plural)
Philippōs (accusative plural)
Philippīs (ablative plural)
Philippī (plural vocative)
Philippīs (locative plural)

[pʰɪˈlʲɪpːiː]

From Ancient Greek Φίλιπποι (Phílippoi).

Philippi (ancient city in Macedonia and site of a famous battle)


Lugdunum

Lugdūnum n sg (genitive Lugdūnī); second declension

Lugdūnum (canonical neuter singular)
Lugdūnī (genitive)
Lugdūnum (nominative singular)
Lugdūnī (genitive singular)
Lugdūnō (dative singular)
Lugdūnum (accusative singular)
Lugdūnō (ablative singular)
Lugdūnum (singular vocative)
Lugdūnī (locative singular)

French: Laon

French: Lyon

English: Lyons, Lyon

Italian: Lione

Spanish: Lyon, Lyón

→ Dutch: Leiden

→ English: Leiden

[ɫ̪ʊɡˈd̪uːnʊ̃ˑ]

An adaptation of the Gaulish *Lugudūnon, from Proto-Celtic *Lugus (“the god Lugus”) + *dūnom.


Massilia

Massilia f sg (genitive Massiliae); first declension

Massiliae (genitive)
Massilia (nominative singular)
Massiliae (genitive singular)
Massiliae (dative singular)
Massiliam (accusative singular)
Massiliā (ablative singular)
Massilia (singular vocative)
Massiliae (locative singular)

English: Marseille, Massilia, marcella

French: Marseille

Italian: Marsiglia

Occitan: Marselha

Portuguese: Marselha

Spanish: Marsella

[mäs̠ˈs̠ɪlʲiä]

From Ancient Greek Μασσαλία (Massalía), possibly an Ancient Ligurian toponym or perhaps from Ancient Greek μάσσων (mássōn, “further”) + ἅλς (háls, “sea”), literally “(city) on far end of the sea” cf. Ancient Greek παραλία (paralía).

af

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, in modern France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)

(historical) Massilia (a city in Gallia Narbonensis, now Marseille)


Lutetia

la-proper noun

Lūtētia f sg (genitive Lūtētiae); first declension

Lūtētia (canonical feminine singular)
Lūtētiae (genitive)
Lūtētia (nominative singular)
Lūtētiae (genitive singular)
Lūtētiae (dative singular)
Lūtētiam (accusative singular)
Lūtētiā (ablative singular)
Lūtētia (singular vocative)
Lūtētiae (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Λευκετία (Leuketía)

English: Lutetia

[ɫ̪uːˈt̪eːt̪iä]

[luˈt̪ɛːt̪͡s̪iä]

From the Gaulish word for “swamp”, from Proto-Celtic *lutā (“dirt, mud”). See also Welsh lludedic (“slimy, muddy”) and Old Irish loth (“dirt”).

Paris (the capital and largest city of modern France)


Fundi

Fundī m pl (genitive Fundōrum); second declension

Fundī (canonical masculine plural)
Fundōrum (genitive)
Fundī (nominative plural)
Fundōrum (genitive plural)
Fundīs (dative plural)
Fundōs (accusative plural)
Fundīs (ablative plural)
Fundī (plural vocative)
Fundīs (locative plural)

A coastal city in Latium situated on the Appian Way, now Fondi


Seleucia

Seleucia f sg (genitive Seleuciae); first declension

Seleuciae (genitive)
Seleucia (nominative singular)
Seleuciae (genitive singular)
Seleuciae (dative singular)
Seleuciam (accusative singular)
Seleuciā (ablative singular)
Seleucia (singular vocative)
Seleuciae (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Σελεύκεια (Seleúkeia).

Any of several cities in the ancient Middle East, including:

Seleucia ad Tigrim, the capital of the Seleucid Empire


Angulus

Angulus m sg (genitive Angulī); second declension

Angulī (genitive)
Angulus (nominative singular)
Angulī (genitive singular)
Angulō (dative singular)
Angulum (accusative singular)
Angulō (ablative singular)
Angule (singular vocative)
Angulī (locative singular)

[ˈäŋɡʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

A city of the Vestini, situated on a hill near the Adriatic Sea, now the town of Città Sant'Angelo


Mediolanum

Mediolānum n sg (genitive Mediolānī); second declension

Mediolānum (canonical neuter singular)
Mediolānī (genitive)
Mediolānum (nominative singular)
Mediolānī (genitive singular)
Mediolānō (dative singular)
Mediolānum (accusative singular)
Mediolānō (ablative singular)
Mediolānum (singular vocative)
Mediolānī (locative singular)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Μεδιόλᾱνον (Mediólānon)

Greek: Μεδιόλανο (Mediólano)

→ German: Mailand

Italian: Milano

→ Arabic: مِيلَانُو (mīlānō)

→ Arabic: مِيلَانُو (mīlānō)

→ Catalan: Milà

→ French: Milan

→ English: Milan

zh-l

米蘭／米兰 (Mǐlán)

→ Chinese: 米蘭／米兰 (Mǐlán)

→ Greek: Μιλάνο (Miláno)

→ Japanese: ミラノ (Mirano)

→ Portuguese: Milão

→ Russian: Мила́н (Milán)

→ Spanish: Milán

→⇒ Italian: mediolanità

Lombard: Milan, Miran, Milà

→ Polish: Mediolan

[mɛd̪iɔˈɫ̪äːnʊ̃ˑ]

Uncertain; possibly from Gaulish *medios (“middle, central”, from Proto-Celtic *medyos) + *lānom (“plain, field”), therefore meaning “in the middle of a plain”.

der

from Proto-Celtic <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro">*medyos</i>


Neapolis

la-proper noun

Neāpolis f sg (genitive Neāpolis or Neāpoleos or Neāpolios); third declension

Neāpolis (canonical feminine singular)
Neāpolis (genitive)
Neāpoleos (genitive)
Neāpolios (genitive)
Neāpolis (nominative singular)
Neāpolis (genitive singular)
Neāpoleos (genitive singular)
Neāpolios (genitive singular)
Neāpolī (dative singular)
Neāpolim (accusative singular)
Neāpolin (accusative singular)
Neāpolī (ablative singular)
Neāpolis (singular vocative)
Neāpolī (singular vocative)
Neāpolī (locative singular)

French: Naples

→ English: Naples

→ Chinese: 那不勒斯 (Nàbùlèsī)

→ Japanese: ネイプルズ

desctree

Italian: Napoli
→ Chinese: 拿坡里 (Nápōlǐ)
→ English: Napoli
→ Estonian: Napoli
→ Finnish: Napoli
→ Greek: Νάπολη (Nápoli)
→ Japanese: ナポリ
→ Ottoman Turkish: ناپولی (Napoli)
Turkish: Napoli
→ Vietnamese: Napoli

Neapolitan: Napule

Portuguese: Nápoles

Romanian: Napoli

→ Russian: Неаполь (Neapolʹ)

Sicilian: Nàpuli

Spanish: Nápoles

From Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis), from νέα (néa, “new”) + πόλις (pólis, “city, city-state”). Varro's De Lingua Latina states that it was previously called Novapolis. Equivalent to neo- + -polis.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Neapolis.

Simferopol (the capital of Crimea, generally recognized as part of the Ukraine, but currently controlled by Russia)

(historical) Former name of Cabala, Kavala (a port city in northern Greece)

Various other cities in the Hellenistic world, including modern Nabeul, Tunisia, and Nablus, Palestine.


Hierosolyma

la-proper noun

Hierosolyma n or f (variously declined, genitive Hierosolymōrum or Hierosolymae); second declension, first declension

Hierosolymōrum (genitive)
Hierosolymae (genitive)
Hierosolyma (nominative singular)
Hierosolyma (nominative plural)
Hierosolymae (genitive singular)
Hierosolymōrum (genitive plural)
Hierosolymae (dative singular)
Hierosolymīs (dative plural)
Hierosolymam (accusative singular)
Hierosolyma (accusative plural)
Hierosolymā (ablative singular)
Hierosolymīs (ablative plural)
Hierosolyma (singular vocative)
Hierosolyma (plural vocative)
Hierosolymae (locative singular)
Hierosolymīs (locative plural)

→ Polish: Jerozolima

[hiɛrɔˈs̠ɔlʲʏmä]

From the Ancient Greek Ἱεροσόλυμα (Hierosóluma), from the Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim) (influenced by Ancient Greek ἱερός (hierós, “sacred, holy”)).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם


Soli

la-proper noun

Solī m pl (genitive Solōrum); second declension

Solī (canonical masculine plural)
Solōrum (genitive)
Solī (nominative plural)
Solōrum (genitive plural)
Solīs (dative plural)
Solōs (accusative plural)
Solīs (ablative plural)
Solī (plural vocative)
Solīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σόλοι (Sóloi).

bor+

Soli (a city in Cilicia, in modern Turkey)


Oxonia

la-proper noun

Oxōnia f sg (genitive Oxōniae); first declension

Oxōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Oxōniae (genitive)
Oxōnia (nominative singular)
Oxōniae (genitive singular)
Oxōniae (dative singular)
Oxōniam (accusative singular)
Oxōniā (ablative singular)
Oxōnia (singular vocative)
Oxōniae (locative singular)

English: Oxonian

From the first element of Old English Oxnaford (“Oxford”, literally “[where the] oxen ford”) + -ia.


Prusa

la-proper noun

Prūsa f sg (genitive Prūsae); first declension

Prūsa (canonical feminine singular)
Prūsae (genitive)
Prūsa (nominative singular)
Prūsae (genitive singular)
Prūsae (dative singular)
Prūsam (accusative singular)
Prūsā (ablative singular)
Prūsa (singular vocative)
Prūsae (locative singular)


Hispalis

Hispalis f sg (genitive Hispalis); third declension

Hispalis (genitive)
Hispalis (nominative singular)
Hispalis (genitive singular)
Hispalī (dative singular)
Hispalem (accusative singular)
Hispale (ablative singular)
Hispalis (singular vocative)
Hispalī (locative singular)
Hispale (locative singular)

desctree

إِشْبِيلِيَة

→ Arabic: إِشْبِيلِيَة

→ Arabic: إِشْبِيلِيَة

[ˈhɪs̠pälʲɪs̠]

Ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “valley, plain”).

der

Seville (the capital city of modern Andalusia, Spain)


Veii

la-proper noun

Vēiī m pl (genitive Vēiōrum); second declension

Vēiī (canonical masculine plural)
Vēiōrum (genitive)
Vēiī (nominative plural)
Vēiōrum (genitive plural)
Vēiīs (dative plural)
Vēiōs (accusative plural)
Vēiīs (ablative plural)
Vēiī (plural vocative)
Vēiīs (locative plural)


Aquileia

Aquilēia f sg (genitive Aquilēiae); first declension

Aquilēia (canonical feminine singular)
Aquilēiae (genitive)
Aquilēia (nominative singular)
Aquilēiae (genitive singular)
Aquilēiae (dative singular)
Aquilēiam (accusative singular)
Aquilēiā (ablative singular)
Aquilēia (singular vocative)
Aquilēiae (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀκυληΐα (Akulēḯa)

[äkʷɪˈɫ̪eːiä]


Cortona

Cortōna f sg (genitive Cortōnae); first declension

Cortōna (canonical feminine singular)
Cortōnae (genitive)
Cortōna (nominative singular)
Cortōnae (genitive singular)
Cortōnae (dative singular)
Cortōnam (accusative singular)
Cortōnā (ablative singular)
Cortōna (singular vocative)
Cortōnae (locative singular)


Lousonna

Lousonna f sg (genitive Lousonnae); first declension

Lousonnae (genitive)
Lousonna (nominative singular)
Lousonnae (genitive singular)
Lousonnae (dative singular)
Lousonnam (accusative singular)
Lousonnā (ablative singular)
Lousonna (singular vocative)
Lousonnae (locative singular)

Connected to *lausa (“slab”), named after a cult stone that could be seen near Lausanne until the 19ᵗʰ century.


Suel

Suēl n sg (genitive Suēlis); third declension

Suēl (canonical neuter singular)
Suēlis (genitive)
Suēl (nominative singular)
Suēlis (genitive singular)
Suēlī (dative singular)
Suēl (accusative singular)
Suēle (ablative singular)
Suēl (singular vocative)
Suēlī (locative singular)
Suēle (locative singular)

Hispania Baetica
Hispania Baetica#English


Trapezus

Trapezūs f sg (genitive Trapezūntis or Trapezūntos); third declension

Trapezūs (canonical feminine singular)
Trapezūntis (genitive)
Trapezūntos (genitive)
Trapezūs (nominative singular)
Trapezūntis (genitive singular)
Trapezūntos (genitive singular)
Trapezūntī (dative singular)
Trapezūntem (accusative singular)
Trapezūnta (accusative singular)
Trapezūnte (ablative singular)
Trapezūs (singular vocative)
Trapezūntī (locative singular)
Trapezūnte (locative singular)

→ English: Trapezus

[t̪räˈpɛz̪d̪͡z̪uːs̠]

From Ancient Greek Τραπεζοῦς (Trapezoûs).

igitur Vitellii nomine adscitis gentibus, quae Pontum accolunt, corrupto in spem rapinarum egentissimo quoque, haud temnendae manus ductor, Trapezuntem vetusta fama civitatem, a Graecis in extremo Ponticae orae conditam, subitus inrupit.

circa''' AD 100–110, P./C. Cornelius Tacitus (author), Charles Dennis Fisher (editor), Historiae (1911), book III, chapter xlvii

Accordingly he raised in the name of Vitellius the tribes that border on Pontus, bribed a number of very needy adventurers by the hope of plunder, and, at the head of a force by no means contemptible, made a sudden attack on the old and famous city of Trapezus, founded by the Greeks on the furthest shore of the Pontus. ― translation from: Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb, Complete Works of Tacitus (1873, repr. 1942), The History, book III, chapter xlvii

Rex sive fraudem suspectans, quia plura simul in loca ibatur, sive ut commeatus nostros Pontico mari et Trapezunte oppido adventantis interciperet, propere discedit.

ante''' AD 116, P./C. Cornelius Tacitus (author), Charles Dennis Fisher (editor), Cornelii Taciti Annalium ab Excessu Divi Augusti Libri (1906), book XIII, chapter xxxix

The king either suspecting a stratagem from these simultaneous movements in different directions, or intending to cut off our supplies as they were coming up from the sea of Pontus and the town of Trapezus, hastily withdrew. ― translation from: Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb, Complete Works of Tacitus (1878?, repr. 1942), The Annals, book XIII, chapter xxxix

Empire of Trebizond
w:Empire of Trebizond

Trabzon (a city in Pontus (NE Anatolia on the Black Sea), formerly the capital of the Late Mediaeval Empire of Trebizond, now a city in the Republic of Turkey)


Theodosia

Theodosia f sg (genitive Theodosiae); first declension

Theodosiae (genitive)
Theodosia (nominative singular)
Theodosiae (genitive singular)
Theodosiae (dative singular)
Theodosiam (accusative singular)
Theodosiā (ablative singular)
Theodosia (singular vocative)
Theodosiae (locative singular)

[t̪ʰeɔˈd̪ɔs̠iä]

From Ancient Greek Θεοδοσία (Theodosía). Feminine form of Theodosius.


Malaca

Malaca f sg (genitive Malacae); first declension

Malacae (genitive)
Malaca (nominative singular)
Malacae (genitive singular)
Malacae (dative singular)
Malacam (accusative singular)
Malacā (ablative singular)
Malaca (singular vocative)
Malacae (locative singular)

desctree

→ Arabic: مالقة
→ Hijazi Arabic: مالقة (learned)
→ Spanish: Málaga
→ Catalan: Màlaga
→ English: Malaga, Málaga
→ Greek: Μάλαγα (Málaga)
→ Hebrew: מָלָגָה (Malága)
→ Polish: Malaga, Málaga
→ Portuguese: Málaga
→ Russian: Ма́лага (Málaga)

From Phoenician 𐤌𐤋𐤊 (mlk), possibly via Ancient Greek Μαλάκη (Malákē) and possibly from Proto-West Semitic *milḥ- (“salt”).


Nazara

la-proper noun

Nāzara f sg (genitive Nāzarae); first declension

Nāzara (canonical feminine singular)
Nāzarae (genitive)
Nāzara (nominative singular)
Nāzarae (genitive singular)
Nāzarae (dative singular)
Nāzaram (accusative singular)
Nāzarā (ablative singular)
Nāzara (singular vocative)
Nāzarae (locative singular)

[ˈnäːz̪d̪͡z̪ärä]

[ˈnäd̪ː͡z̪ärä]

From the Ancient Greek Νᾱζᾰρᾱ́ (Nāzarā́, “Nazareth”), but adapted to decline in the first declension (Nāzareth, by contrast, is indeclinable).

der

Nazareth (a city in Palestine, the home of the parents of Jesus)


Placentia

la-proper noun

Placentia f sg (genitive Placentiae); first declension

Placentiae (genitive)
Placentia (nominative singular)
Placentiae (genitive singular)
Placentiae (dative singular)
Placentiam (accusative singular)
Placentiā (ablative singular)
Placentia (singular vocative)
Placentiae (locative singular)

[pɫ̪äˈkɛn̪t̪iä]

[pläˈt͡ʃɛnt̪͡s̪iä]


Bethlehemum

Bēthlehēmum n sg (genitive Bēthlehēmī); second declension

Bēthlehēmum (canonical neuter singular)
Bēthlehēmī (genitive)
Bēthlehēmum (nominative singular)
Bēthlehēmī (genitive singular)
Bēthlehēmō (dative singular)
Bēthlehēmum (accusative singular)
Bēthlehēmō (ablative singular)
Bēthlehēmum (singular vocative)
Bēthlehēmī (locative singular)

English: bedlam, Bethlehem

[beːt̪ʰɫ̪eˈ(ɦ)eːmʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βηθλεέμ (Bēthleém), from Biblical Hebrew בּית לחם (Bet Léchem). The Ancient Greek etymon and all the other forms of this word are indeclinable; Bēthlehēmum was adapted to decline as a neuter proper noun of the second declension.

Bethlehem (a town of the tribe of Judah, the birthplace of David and of Christ, now Bēt Laḥm)


Capua

Capua f sg (genitive Capuae); first declension

Capuae (genitive)
Capua (nominative singular)
Capuae (genitive singular)
Capuae (dative singular)
Capuam (accusative singular)
Capuā (ablative singular)
Capua (singular vocative)
Capuae (locative singular)

From Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌐𐌄𐌅𐌀 (capeva, “city of marshes”).


Volsinii

la-proper noun

Volsiniī m pl (genitive Volsiniōrum); second declension

Volsiniī (canonical masculine plural)
Volsiniōrum (genitive)
Volsiniī (nominative plural)
Volsiniōrum (genitive plural)
Volsiniīs (dative plural)
Volsiniōs (accusative plural)
Volsiniīs (ablative plural)
Volsiniī (plural vocative)
Volsiniīs (locative plural)

[u̯ɔɫ̪ˈs̠ɪniː]

From Etruscan 𐌖𐌄𐌋𐌆𐌍𐌀 (uelzna), 𐌖𐌄𐌋𐌖𐌔𐌍𐌀 (uelusna). Found in Greek as Ὀυολσίνιοι (Ouolsínioi) (Strabo) and Ὀυολσίνιον (Ouolsínion) (Ptolemy).

Bolsena (city in Italy, a successor to the Etruscan city)


Conimbriga

Conimbriga f sg (genitive Conimbrigae); first declension

Conimbrigae (genitive)
Conimbriga (nominative singular)
Conimbrigae (genitive singular)
Conimbrigae (dative singular)
Conimbrigam (accusative singular)
Conimbrigā (ablative singular)
Conimbriga (singular vocative)
Conimbrigae (locative singular)

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: Coimbra, Coimbria, Coinbra
Portuguese: Coimbra

→ Portuguese: Conímbriga, Conimbriga

From Celtic; the second element is from Proto-Celtic *brigā (“hill, fortress”).

A city in Lusitania, now Condeixa-a-Velha


Ortona

la-proper noun

Ortōna f sg (genitive Ortōnae); first declension

Ortōna (canonical feminine singular)
Ortōnae (genitive)
Ortōna (nominative singular)
Ortōnae (genitive singular)
Ortōnae (dative singular)
Ortōnam (accusative singular)
Ortōnā (ablative singular)
Ortōna (singular vocative)
Ortōnae (locative singular)

A city in Latium, situated near the borders with the territory of the Aequi


Priene

Priēnē f sg (genitive Priēnēs); first declension

Priēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Priēnēs (genitive)
Priēnē (nominative singular)
Priēnēs (genitive singular)
Priēnae (dative singular)
Priēnēn (accusative singular)
Priēnē (ablative singular)
Priēnē (singular vocative)
Priēnae (locative singular)


Brigantia

Brigantia f (genitive Brigantiae); first declension

Brigantiae (genitive)
Brigantia (nominative singular)
Brigantiae (genitive singular)
Brigantiae (dative singular)
Brigantiam (accusative singular)
Brigantiā (ablative singular)
Brigantia (singular vocative)
Brigantiae (locative singular)

Portuguese: Bragança

desctree

German: Bregenz
→ English: Bregenz
→ French: Brégence

Italian: Brianza

[brɪˈɡän̪t̪iä]

From Proto-Celtic *Brigantī, *brigantī, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts, from the root *bʰerǵʰ-.

ancient name of A Coruña (a city in Galicia, Spain)

Bragança (a city in Trás-os-Montes, Portugal)


Sinope

la-proper noun

Sinōpē f sg (genitive Sinōpēs); first declension

Sinōpē (canonical feminine singular)
Sinōpēs (genitive)
Sinōpē (nominative singular)
Sinōpēs (genitive singular)
Sinōpae (dative singular)
Sinōpēn (accusative singular)
Sinōpē (ablative singular)
Sinōpē (singular vocative)
Sinōpae (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Σινώπη (Sinṓpē), from Hittite.


Salona

Salōna f sg (genitive Salōnae); first declension

Salōna (canonical feminine singular)
Salōnae (genitive)
Salōna (nominative singular)
Salōnae (genitive singular)
Salōnae (dative singular)
Salōnam (accusative singular)
Salōnā (ablative singular)
Salōna (singular vocative)
Salōnae (locative singular)

[s̠äˈɫ̪oːnä]

the capital of Dalmatia and birthplace of Diocletian, now Solin or Salona


Arethusa

Arethūsa f (genitive Arethūsae); first declension

Arethūsa (canonical feminine)
Arethūsae (genitive)
Arethūsa (nominative singular)
Arethūsae (genitive singular)
Arethūsae (dative singular)
Arethūsam (accusative singular)
Arethūsā (ablative singular)
Arethūsa (singular vocative)
Arethūsae (locative singular)

Translingual: Arethusa

[ärɛˈt̪ʰuːs̠ä]

From Ancient Greek Ἀρέθουσα (Aréthousa).

A city in Syria situated between Epiphania and Emesa


Nemausus

Nemausus f sg (genitive Nemausī); second declension

Nemausī (genitive)
Nemausus (nominative singular)
Nemausī (genitive singular)
Nemausō (dative singular)
Nemausum (accusative singular)
Nemausō (ablative singular)
Nemause (singular vocative)
Nemausī (locative singular)

Middle French: Nismes

French: Nîmes

English: Nîmes, denim

[nɛˈmäu̯s̠ʊs̠]

From Gaulish *nemo, named after a local deity and its sanctuary. The name could ultimately be from Proto-Celtic *nemos (“heaven, sky”) or from a hydronym related to the river Neman.


Concordia

Concordia f sg (genitive Concordiae); first declension

Concordiae (genitive)
Concordia (nominative singular)
Concordiae (genitive singular)
Concordiae (dative singular)
Concordiam (accusative singular)
Concordiā (ablative singular)
Concordia (singular vocative)
Concordiae (locative singular)

Concordia Sagittaria
Concordia Sagittaria

A city of Venetia situated on the road from Altinum to Aquileia, now Concordia Sagittaria


Portus Ostium

Portus Ostium m sg (variously declined, genitive Portūs Ostiī); fourth declension, second declension

Portūs Ostiī (genitive)
Portus Ostium (nominative singular)
Portūs Ostiī (genitive singular)
Portuī Ostiō (dative singular)
Portum Ostium (accusative singular)
Portū Ostiō (ablative singular)
Portus Ostium (singular vocative)
Portū Ostiī (locative singular)

[ˈpɔrt̪ʊs̠ ˈɔs̠t̪iʊ̃ˑ]


Gades

Gādēs f pl (genitive Gādium); third declension

Gādēs (canonical feminine plural)
Gādium (genitive)
Gādēs (nominative plural)
Gādium (genitive plural)
Gādibus (dative plural)
Gādēs (accusative plural)
Gādīs (accusative plural)
Gādibus (ablative plural)
Gādēs (plural vocative)
Gādibus (locative plural)

→ French: Gadès

desctree

⇒ Latin: Gādītānus
→ Catalan: gadità
→ English: Gaditanian
→ French: gaditan
→ Italian: gaditano
→ Portuguese: gaditano
→ Spanish: gaditano

→ Arabic: قَادِس (qādis)
Hijazi Arabic: قادس (gādis)
→ Galician: Cais
→ Spanish: Cádiz
→ English: Cádiz, Cadiz
→ Italian: Cadice, Càdice
→ French: Cadix
→ Venetan: Càdice

[ˈɡäːd̪eːs̠]

Borrowed from Phoenician 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr /gādēr, gādīr/, “a walled enclosure”); compare Ancient Greek Γᾱ́δειρα n pl (Gā́deira).

bor

You may possess a more extensive dominion by con- trolling a craving disposition, than if you could unite Libya to the distant Gades, and the natives of either Carthage were subject to you alone.

Horace, quoted in Dictionary of Latin quotations, proverbs, maxims and mottos, classical and medieval, including law terms and phrases : with a selection of Greek quotations (1866)

So Hamilcar left his design of war concealed in his secret heart, and made for Calpe and Gades, the limit of the world; but, while carrying the standards of Africa to the Pillars of Hercules, he fell in a hard-fought battle.

Silius Italicus, Punica With An English Translation By James Duff

In all the lands which lie from Gades even to the land of the morn and the Ganges, few are able to re-move the clouds of prejudice, and to discern those things which are really for their good, and those which are directly the contrary.

Juvenal, quoted in Dictionary of Latin quotations, proverbs, maxims and mottos, classical and medieval, including law terms and phrases : with a selection of Greek quotations (1866)

(figurative) an end or limit (from its location at the south-western extremity of Spain, on the edge of the Old world)


Franequera

la-proper noun

Frānequera f sg (genitive Frānequerae); first declension

Frānequera (canonical feminine singular)
Frānequerae (genitive)
Frānequera (nominative singular)
Frānequerae (genitive singular)
Frānequerae (dative singular)
Frānequeram (accusative singular)
Frānequerā (ablative singular)
Frānequera (singular vocative)
Frānequerae (locative singular)


Carmylessus

Carmylēssus m sg (genitive Carmylēssī); second declension

Carmylēssus (canonical masculine singular)
Carmylēssī (genitive)
Carmylēssus (nominative singular)
Carmylēssī (genitive singular)
Carmylēssō (dative singular)
Carmylēssum (accusative singular)
Carmylēssō (ablative singular)
Carmylēsse (singular vocative)
Carmylēssī (locative singular)

[kärmʏˈɫ̪eːs̠ːʊs̠]

From the Ancient Greek Καρμυλησσός (Karmulēssós).

A city mentioned in Strabo’s Geographica, wherein it is said to have been situated in a valley of Mount Anticragus, in Lycia, Anatolia; the present-day village of Kayaköy is believed to have been built on the same site.


Corduba

Corduba f sg (genitive Cordubae); first declension

Cordubae (genitive)
Corduba (nominative singular)
Cordubae (genitive singular)
Cordubae (dative singular)
Cordubam (accusative singular)
Cordubā (ablative singular)
Corduba (singular vocative)
Cordubae (locative singular)

Old Leonese: Cordova

Asturian: Córdoba

Old Galician-Portuguese: Cordova

Fala: Córdoba

Galician: Córdoba

Portuguese: Córdova

Spanish: Córdoba

English: Córdoba

From Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤉𐤅𐤁𐤏𐤉 (qrtywbʿy); originally 𐤒𐤓𐤕 (qrt, “city”) + 𐤉𐤅𐤁𐤏𐤉 (ywbʿy, “Juba I”).

compound

A town in Hispania Baetica, now Córdoba.


Manduria

la-proper noun

Mandūria f sg (genitive Mandūriae); first declension

Mandūria (canonical feminine singular)
Mandūriae (genitive)
Mandūria (nominative singular)
Mandūriae (genitive singular)
Mandūriae (dative singular)
Mandūriam (accusative singular)
Mandūriā (ablative singular)
Mandūria (singular vocative)
Mandūriae (locative singular)

an ancient city of the Salentini in Calabria, situated between Tarentum and Lupiae


Utica

Utica f sg (genitive Uticae); first declension

Uticae (genitive)
Utica (nominative singular)
Uticae (genitive singular)
Uticae (dative singular)
Uticam (accusative singular)
Uticā (ablative singular)
Utica (singular vocative)
Uticae (locative singular)

Italian: Utica

Portuguese: Útica

Spanish: Útica

From Phoenician 𐤏𐤕𐤒 (ʿtq) meaning old. It is related to Hebrew עתיק.

Utica (ancient Punic city in modern Tunisia)


Mascula

Mascula f sg (genitive Masculae); first declension

Masculae (genitive)
Mascula (nominative singular)
Masculae (genitive singular)
Masculae (dative singular)
Masculam (accusative singular)
Masculā (ablative singular)
Mascula (singular vocative)
Masculae (locative singular)


Tarsus

Tarsus f sg (genitive Tarsī); second declension

Tarsī (genitive)
Tarsus (nominative singular)
Tarsī (genitive singular)
Tarsō (dative singular)
Tarsum (accusative singular)
Tarsō (ablative singular)
Tarse (singular vocative)
Tarsī (locative singular)

[ˈt̪ärs̠ʊs̠]


Brunsvicum

Brūnsvīcum n sg (genitive Brūnsvīcī); second declension

Brūnsvīcum (canonical neuter singular)
Brūnsvīcī (genitive)
Brūnsvīcum (nominative singular)
Brūnsvīcī (genitive singular)
Brūnsvīcō (dative singular)
Brūnsvīcum (accusative singular)
Brūnsvīcō (ablative singular)
Brūnsvīcum (singular vocative)
Brūnsvīcī (locative singular)

[brũːˈs̠u̯iːkʊ̃ˑ]


Brunonis vicus

Brūnōnis vīcus m sg (genitive Brūnōnis vīcī); second declension

Brūnōnis vīcus (canonical masculine singular)
Brūnōnis vīcī (genitive)
Brūnōnis vīcus (nominative singular)
Brūnōnis vīcī (genitive singular)
Brūnōnis vīcō (dative singular)
Brūnōnis vīcum (accusative singular)
Brūnōnis vīcō (ablative singular)
Brūnōnis vīce (singular vocative)
Brūnōnis vīcī (locative singular)

Probably a calque of an Old Saxon name first attested in 1031 as Brunesguik: Brūnōnis (genitive form of Brūnō, itself a Latinisation of the Old Saxon Brūn and/or Old High German Brūn, i.e., St. Bruno of Saxony (d. 880), legendary founder of the settlement in 861) + vīcus (“village, (in Medieval Latin also) merchants’ settlement, centre for river-fishing or shipping”); at its founding, the settlement stood near a ford across the River Oker = “Bruno’s village” ≈ “Brownswick”. Compare the modern Low German name for the city (Brunswiek) and the English -wick.

Braunschweig, Brunswick (a city in Lower Saxony, Germany)


Bercizoma

Bercizōma f sg (genitive Bercizōmae); first declension

Bercizōma (canonical feminine singular)
Bercizōmae (genitive)
Bercizōma (nominative singular)
Bercizōmae (genitive singular)
Bercizōmae (dative singular)
Bercizōmam (accusative singular)
Bercizōmā (ablative singular)
Bercizōma (singular vocative)
Bercizōmae (locative singular)

Bergen op Zoom (a city in North Brabant, Netherlands)


Antipolis

Antipolis f sg (genitive Antipolis or Antipoleos or Antipolios); third declension

Antipolis (genitive)
Antipoleos (genitive)
Antipolios (genitive)
Antipolis (nominative singular)
Antipolis (genitive singular)
Antipoleos (genitive singular)
Antipolios (genitive singular)
Antipolī (dative singular)
Antipolim (accusative singular)
Antipolin (accusative singular)
Antipolī (ablative singular)
Antipolis (singular vocative)
Antipolī (singular vocative)
Antipolī (locative singular)

[än̪ˈt̪ɪpɔlʲɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀντίπολις (Antípolis, literally “city across (from Nice)”).


Isaura

la-proper noun

Isaura n pl (genitive Isaurōrum); second declension

Isaurōrum (genitive)
Isaura (nominative plural)
Isaurōrum (genitive plural)
Isaurīs (dative plural)
Isaura (accusative plural)
Isaurīs (ablative plural)
Isaura (plural vocative)
Isaurīs (locative plural)

[iˈs̬äːu̯rä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἴσαυρα (Ísaura).

The capital of Isauria, at the foot of Mount Taurus


Bergen super Zoem

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Bergen super Zoem.

(Medieval Latin, rare) Synonym of Bercizōma


Mons super Zoma

Mōns super Zōmā m sg (genitive Montis super Zōmā); third declension

Mōns super Zōmā (canonical masculine singular)
Montis super Zōmā (genitive)
Mōns super Zōmā (nominative singular)
Montis super Zōmā (genitive singular)
Montī super Zōmā (dative singular)
Montem super Zōmā (accusative singular)
Monte super Zōmā (ablative singular)
Mōns super Zōmā (singular vocative)
Montī super Zōmā (locative singular)
Monte super Zōmā (locative singular)

[mõːs̠ ˈs̠ʊpɛr ˈd̪͡z̪oːmäː]

Dilectis dominis ſuis, viris venerandis & diſcretis, Decano & Capitulo eccleſiæ Traiectenſis, Gerardvs de Weſemale, miles, dominus de Monte ſuper Zoma, & de Harſele, quidquid poteſt obſequij & honoris, cum ſalute.

1628, Aubertus Miraeus, Diplomatum Belgicorum libri duo, book I, chapter lxxxvii, 187:


Hibera

Hibēra f sg (genitive Hibērae); first declension

Hibēra (canonical feminine singular)
Hibērae (genitive)
Hibēra (nominative singular)
Hibērae (genitive singular)
Hibērae (dative singular)
Hibēram (accusative singular)
Hibērā (ablative singular)
Hibēra (singular vocative)
Hibērae (locative singular)

Hispania Citerior
Hispania Citerior#English

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis#English

a city in Hispania Citerior (later Hispania Tarraconensis) on the banks of the River Hibērus (for which it was named), not far from the Mediterranean coast


Zagrabia

Zagrabia f sg (genitive Zagrabiae); first declension

Zagrabiae (genitive)
Zagrabia (nominative singular)
Zagrabiae (genitive singular)
Zagrabiae (dative singular)
Zagrabiam (accusative singular)
Zagrabiā (ablative singular)
Zagrabia (singular vocative)
Zagrabiae (locative singular)

[d̪͡z̪äˈɡräbiä]

[d̪͡z̪äˈɡräːbiä]

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Zmyrna

Zmyrna f sg (genitive Zmyrnae); first declension

Zmyrnae (genitive)
Zmyrna (nominative singular)
Zmyrnae (genitive singular)
Zmyrnae (dative singular)
Zmyrnam (accusative singular)
Zmyrnā (ablative singular)
Zmyrna (singular vocative)
Zmyrnae (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Σμύρνα (Smúrna), a form of Σμύρνη (Smúrnē).