Mantua

la-proper noun

Mantua f sg (genitive Mantuae); first declension

Mantuae (genitive)
Mantua (nominative singular)
Mantuae (genitive singular)
Mantuae (dative singular)
Mantuam (accusative singular)
Mantuā (ablative singular)
Mantua (singular vocative)

English: Mantua

French: Mantoue

Italian: Mantova

Borrowed from Etruscan *𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌈𐌅𐌀 (*manθva), from 𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌈 (manθ, “Mantus, god of the underworld”). Compare 𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌈𐌅𐌀𐌕𐌄 (manθvate, “Mantuan”).


Sardinia

Sardinia f sg (genitive Sardiniae); first declension

Sardiniae (genitive)
Sardinia (nominative singular)
Sardiniae (genitive singular)
Sardiniae (dative singular)
Sardiniam (accusative singular)
Sardiniā (ablative singular)
Sardinia (singular vocative)
Sardiniae (locative singular)

Catalan: Sardenya

desctree

Italian: Sardegna, Sardigna (archaic; e.g. Dante)
→ French: Sardaigne
→ Sardinian: Sardigna

Spanish: Cerdeña

Portuguese: Sardenha

→ English: Sardinia

→ German: Sardinien

→ Greek: Σαρδηνία (Sardinía)

→ Polish: Sardynia

→ Romanian: Sardinia

→ Russian: Сарди́ния (Sardínija)

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Apulia

la-proper noun

Āpūlia f sg (genitive Āpūliae); first declension

Āpūlia (canonical feminine singular)
Āpūliae (genitive)
Āpūlia (nominative singular)
Āpūliae (genitive singular)
Āpūliae (dative singular)
Āpūliam (accusative singular)
Āpūliā (ablative singular)
Āpūlia (singular vocative)

Italian: Puglia

[äːˈpuːlʲiä]

Unknown. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”).

administrative region
administrative region

(New Latin) Apulia (a peninsula and administrative region in southern Italy)


Calabria

Calabria f sg (genitive Calabriae); first declension

Calabriae (genitive)
Calabria (nominative singular)
Calabriae (genitive singular)
Calabriae (dative singular)
Calabriam (accusative singular)
Calabriā (ablative singular)
Calabria (singular vocative)
Calabriae (locative singular)

[käˈɫ̪äbriä]

From the oblique stem calabr- of the ethnonym calaber, likely of Pre-Roman origin.

(historical) A region of Italy, roughly corresponding to today's Southern Apulia

(New Latin) Calabria (a peninsula and administrative region of southern Italy)


Campania

Campānia f sg (genitive Campāniae); first declension

Campānia (canonical feminine singular)
Campāniae (genitive)
Campānia (nominative singular)
Campāniae (genitive singular)
Campāniae (dative singular)
Campāniam (accusative singular)
Campāniā (ablative singular)
Campānia (singular vocative)
Campāniae (locative singular)

From campus (“open or flat space; plain”).

(New Latin) Campania (an administrative region of southern Italy)

(New Latin) Champagne (a region and former province of France, the terroir of the wine champagne; now part of Grand Est)


Venetia

Venetia f sg (genitive Venetiae); first declension

Venetiae (genitive)
Venetia (nominative singular)
Venetiae (genitive singular)
Venetiae (dative singular)
Venetiam (accusative singular)
Venetiā (ablative singular)
Venetia (singular vocative)
Venetiae (locative singular)

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: Venêzia

Ligurian: Venessia

Lombard: Venèzia

Piedmontese: Venessia

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: Venezia

Italian: Venezia

Greek: Βενέτσια (Venétsia)

Neapolitan: Venezia

Sicilian: Vinezzia

Old French: Venise

Middle French: Venisse

French: Venise
→ Vietnamese: Vơ-ni-dơ

Norman: V'nise, Venise

Picard: Venise

desctree

→ Middle English: Venyse, Venys, Venyce, Venice, Venise, Venecia
English: Venice (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Venis, Venise, Veneis, Venice

Old Occitan:

Catalan: Venècia

Occitan: Venècia

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: Vignesie

Ladin: Unieja

Romansch: Vaniescha, Venezia

Sardinian: Venetzia

desc

Venetan: Venesia, Venèsia, Venexia, Venèxia, Venèzsia, Venezsia

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: Venecia

Portuguese: Veneza

Old Spanish:

Spanish: Venecia

→ Greek: Βενετία (Venetía)

→ Irish: Veinéis

→ Romanian: Veneția

→ Russian: Венеция (Venecija) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Slovene: Benetke
→ Czech: Benátky
→ Slovak: Benátky

[u̯ɛˈnɛt̪iä]

From Venetī + -ia (suffix forming place names).

suffix

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Venice (a city and former polity in northeastern Italy)


Italia

la-proper noun

Ī̆talia f sg (genitive Ī̆taliae); first declension

Ī̆talia (canonical feminine singular)
Ī̆taliae (genitive)
Ī̆talia (nominative singular)
Ī̆taliae (genitive singular)
Ī̆taliae (dative singular)
Ī̆taliam (accusative singular)
Ī̆taliā (ablative singular)
Ī̆talia (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Itàlia

→ French: Italie

desctree

→ Old Irish: Etáil
Irish: An Iodáil
Manx: Yn Iddaal
Scottish Gaelic: An Eadailt

→ Italian: Italia
→ Arabic: إِيطَالِيَا (ʔīṭāliyā)
→ Japanese: イタリア (Itaria)
→ Korean: 이탈리아 (Itallia)
→ Maltese: Italja
→ Slavomolisano: Litalija
→ Persian: ایتالیا (itâliyâ)

→ Old English: Italia

English: Italy

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Italia, Ytalia, Eytalia
Galician: Italia
Portuguese: Itália (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-West Germanic:

Old English: Eotol

→ Romanian: Italia

→ Sardinian: Itàlia

→ Sicilian: Italia, Talia, Tàlia

→ Spanish: Italia
→ Tagalog: Italya

→ Welsh: Eidal

[iːˈt̪älʲiä]

Via Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of bulls”), a name for the southwestern tip of the boot of Italy; usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).

der

Ītaliam nōn sponte sequor.


imperator

la-noun

imperātor m (genitive imperātōris, feminine imperātrīx); third declension

imperātor (canonical masculine)
imperātōris (genitive)
imperātrīx (feminine)
imperātor (nominative singular)
imperātōrēs (nominative plural)
imperātōris (genitive singular)
imperātōrum (genitive plural)
imperātōrī (dative singular)
imperātōribus (dative plural)
imperātōrem (accusative singular)
imperātōrēs (accusative plural)
imperātōre (ablative singular)
imperātōribus (ablative plural)
imperātor (singular vocative)
imperātōrēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: imperatore (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: mpiraturi

Padanian:

Friulian: imperadôr

Lombard: imperador

Piedmontese: imperador

Venetan: inperadore

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: emperador

Franco-Provençal: emperor

Old French: empereor (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: emperaire, emperador

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: emperador

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: emperador
Galician: emperador
Portuguese: imperador

Old Spanish: emperador
Spanish: emperador

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *imperātus

Megleno-Romanian: ạmpirat

Romanian: împărat

→ Albanian: mbret
→ English: mpret, mbret

Borrowings:

→ Ottoman Turkish: ایمپراطور (imperator)
Turkish: imparator

→ Polish: imperator

→ Proto-Brythonic: *ɨmperọdr (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: imperator

→ Russian: император (imperator)

→ Ukrainian: імператор (imperator)

[ɪmpɛˈräːt̪ɔr]

From imperō (“command”), via the radical of its supine imperātum + -tor.


Sicilia

la-proper noun

Sicilia f sg (genitive Siciliae); first declension

Siciliae (genitive)
Sicilia (nominative singular)
Siciliae (genitive singular)
Siciliae (dative singular)
Siciliam (accusative singular)
Siciliā (ablative singular)
Sicilia (singular vocative)
Siciliae (locative singular)

Catalan: Sicília

French: Sicile
→ Persian: سیسیل (sisil)

desctree

Italian: Sicilia
→ Albanian: Sicila
→ Japanese: シチリア
→ Korean: 시칠리아 (sichillia)
→ Ottoman Turkish: سچلیا
Turkish: Sicilya

Old Galician-Portuguese: Cezilla

Portuguese: Sicília

Sicilian: Sicilia

Spanish: Sicilia

→ Czech: Sicílie

→ Dutch: Sicilie

→ German: Sizilien

→ Hungarian: Szicília

→ Old English: Sicilia
Middle English: Sicilie, Sicilye
English: Sicily

→ Old Norse: Sikiley

Icelandic: Sikiley

→ Polish: Sycylia

→ Russian: Сици́лия (Sicílija), Сици́лія (Sicílija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: Сицилия (Sisiliä)
→ Kyrgyz: Сицилия (Sitsiliya)
→ Uzbek: Sitsiliya

[s̠ɪˈkɪlʲiä]

From Ancient Greek Σικελία (Sikelía), from Σίκελος (Síkelos, “Sicel”), the name of the Sicel people.

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


imperium

la-noun

imperium n (genitive imperiī or imperī); second declension

imperiī (genitive)
imperī (genitive)
imperium (nominative singular)
imperia (nominative plural)
imperiī (genitive singular)
imperī (genitive singular)
imperiōrum (genitive plural)
imperiō (dative singular)
imperiīs (dative plural)
imperium (accusative singular)
imperia (accusative plural)
imperiō (ablative singular)
imperiīs (ablative plural)
imperium (singular vocative)
imperia (plural vocative)

Old Catalan: emperi

Catalan: imperi

Old French: empire

→ English: empire, empery

French: empire

Friulian: imperi

Italian: impero

Occitan: empèri

Piedmontese: imperi

Sicilian: mpiru

Venetan: inpero

→ Asturian: imperiu

→ English: imperium

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: emperio

Portuguese: império

→ German: Imperium

→ Old Irish: impere, impire

Irish: impire

Scottish Gaelic: ìmpire

→ Italian: imperio (semi-learned)

→ Romanian: imperiu

desctree

→ Russian: импе́рия (impérija), импе́рія (impérija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Bashkir: империя (imperiya)
→ Kazakh: империя (imperiä)
→ Hebrew: אימפריה
→ Turkmen: imperiýa
→ Uzbek: imperiya
→ Yiddish: אימפּעריע (imperye)

→ Spanish: imperio

→ Tagalog: imperyo

[ɪmˈpɛriʊ̃ˑ]

From imperō (“command, order”) + -ium, from im- (form of in) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).

imperium sine fīne dedī

“I have granted them empire without end.”
(The poetic voice is that of Jupiter speaking about the Romans.)

“quō postquam ventum est, ‘cōnsistitē!’ praescia māter

“After he had arrived there, his prophetic mother said, ‘Halt!, for that countryside will be the place of empire.’”
(The muse Calliope tells what the prophetess Carmenta said to Carmenta’s son, Evander of Pallantium, after his arrival in Italy.)

‘nam locus imperiī rūs erit istud’ ait.”

The empire, state, imperial government, realm, dominion.


Tartarus

la-proper noun

Tartarus m sg (genitive Tartarī); second declension

Tartarī (genitive)
Tartarus (nominative singular)
Tartarī (genitive singular)
Tartarō (dative singular)
Tartarum (accusative singular)
Tartarō (ablative singular)
Tartare (singular vocative)

Catalan: Tàrtar

→ English: Tartarus

French: Tartare

[ˈt̪ärt̪ärʊs̠]

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Tartarus (hell, part of the underworld)

A river of Venetia that used to flow into the Adriatic Sea, now called Tartaro.


Tartarus

la-noun

Tartarus m (genitive Tartarī, feminine Tartara); second declension

Tartarī (genitive)
Tartara (feminine)
Tartarus (masculine nominative singular)
Tartara (feminine nominative singular)
Tartarī (masculine nominative singular)
Tartarae (feminine nominative plural)
Tartarī (genitive masculine singular)
Tartarae (feminine genitive singular)
Tartarōrum (genitive masculine singular)
Tartarārum (feminine genitive plural)
Tartarō (dative masculine singular)
Tartarae (dative feminine singular)
Tartarīs (dative masculine singular)
Tartarīs (dative feminine plural)
Tartarum (accusative masculine singular)
Tartaram (accusative feminine singular)
Tartarōs (accusative masculine singular)
Tartarās (accusative feminine plural)
Tartarō (ablative masculine singular)
Tartarā (ablative feminine singular)
Tartarīs (ablative masculine singular)
Tartarīs (ablative feminine plural)
Tartare (masculine singular vocative)
Tartara (feminine singular vocative)
Tartarī (masculine singular vocative)
Tartarae (feminine plural vocative)

[ˈt̪ärt̪ärʊs̠]


Henna

la-proper noun

Henna f sg (genitive Hennae); first declension

Hennae (genitive)
Henna (nominative singular)
Hennae (genitive singular)
Hennae (dative singular)
Hennam (accusative singular)
Hennā (ablative singular)
Henna (singular vocative)
Hennae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔννα (Énna).

One of the most important cities of Sicily, situated near the center of the island, now Enna


Luna

Lūna f sg (genitive Lūnae); first declension

Lūna (canonical feminine singular)
Lūnae (genitive)
Lūna (nominative singular)
Lūnae (genitive singular)
Lūnae (dative singular)
Lūnam (accusative singular)
Lūnā (ablative singular)
Lūna (singular vocative)
Lūnae (locative singular)

The same word as lūna (“moon”), taken as a proper noun.

A city in Etruria, situated on the left bank of the Macra


Sora

Sōra f sg (genitive Sōrae); first declension

Sōra (canonical feminine singular)
Sōrae (genitive)
Sōra (nominative singular)
Sōrae (genitive singular)
Sōrae (dative singular)
Sōram (accusative singular)
Sōrā (ablative singular)
Sōra (singular vocative)
Sōrae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, situated in the valley of the Liris, now Sora


Caracalla

Caracalla m sg (genitive Caracallae); first declension

Caracallae (genitive)
Caracalla (nominative singular)
Caracallae (genitive singular)
Caracallae (dative singular)
Caracallam (accusative singular)
Caracallā (ablative singular)
Caracalla (singular vocative)

[käräˈkälːʲä]

[käräˈkälːä]

A Roman cognomen — famously held by:
Caracalla, a Roman emperor


Marta

Marta m sg (genitive Martae); first declension

Martae (genitive)
Marta (nominative singular)
Martae (genitive singular)
Martae (dative singular)
Martam (accusative singular)
Martā (ablative singular)
Marta (singular vocative)

A river in Latium, now still called this way


Titus

Titus m (genitive Titī); second declension

Titī (genitive)
Titus (nominative singular)
Titī (nominative plural)
Titī (genitive singular)
Titōrum (genitive plural)
Titō (dative singular)
Titīs (dative plural)
Titum (accusative singular)
Titōs (accusative plural)
Titō (ablative singular)
Titīs (ablative plural)
Tite (singular vocative)
Titī (plural vocative)

Catalan: Titus

English: Titus

Italian: Tito

Sicilian: Titu

Spanish: Tito

SENATVS
POPVLVSQVE·ROMANVS
DIVO·TITO·DIVI·VESPASIANI :
The Senate and the Roman people (dedicate this)
to the deified Titus Vespasian Augustus,


Vesuvius

Vesuvius m sg (genitive Vesuviī or Vesuvī); second declension

Vesuviī (genitive)
Vesuvī (genitive)
Vesuvius (nominative singular)
Vesuviī (genitive singular)
Vesuvī (genitive singular)
Vesuviō (dative singular)
Vesuvium (accusative singular)
Vesuviō (ablative singular)
Vesuvī (singular vocative)

→ English: Vesuvius

→ Italian: Vesuvio

→ Portuguese: Vesúvio

→ Polish: Wezuwiusz

→ Russian: Везу́вий (Vezúvij)

→ Armenian: Վեզուվ (Vezuv)

→ Romanian: Vezuviu

→ Sicilian: Visuvi

→ Spanish: Vesubio

[u̯ɛˈs̠uː̯iʊs̠]

Of uncertain origin; however, proposed derivations include:
* Latin vē- + Ancient Greek σβέ(ννῡμῐ) (sbé(nnūmĭ), “to be quenched; to go out”)
* Oscan 𐌚𐌄𐌔𐌚 (fesf, “steam; smoke”)
* Proto-Celtic *ves (“mountain”)


Anastasius

la-proper noun

Anastasius m sg (genitive Anastasiī or Anastasī); second declension

Anastasiī (genitive)
Anastasī (genitive)
Anastasius (nominative singular)
Anastasiī (genitive singular)
Anastasī (genitive singular)
Anastasiō (dative singular)
Anastasium (accusative singular)
Anastasiō (ablative singular)
Anastasī (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Anastasio

→ Sicilian: Anastasi

[änäs̠ˈt̪äs̠iʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Ἀναστάσιος (Anastásios).

An East Roman Emperor, Anastasius I Dicorus


Tiberius

Tiberius m (genitive Tiberiī or Tiberī); second declension

Tiberiī (genitive)
Tiberī (genitive)
Tiberius (nominative singular)
Tiberiī (nominative plural)
Tiberiī (genitive singular)
Tiberī (genitive singular)
Tiberiōrum (genitive plural)
Tiberiō (dative singular)
Tiberiīs (dative plural)
Tiberium (accusative singular)
Tiberiōs (accusative plural)
Tiberiō (ablative singular)
Tiberiīs (ablative plural)
Tiberī (singular vocative)
Tiberiī (plural vocative)

→ Basque: Tiberio

→ Belarusian: Тыбе́рый (Tybjéryj)

→ Catalan: Tiberi

→ Dutch: Tiberius

→ English: Tiberius

→ Esperanto: Tiberio

→ West Frisian: Tibearius

→ French: Tibère

→ Galician: Tiberio

→ German: Tiberius

→ Koine Greek: Τιβέριος (Tibérios)

→ Greek: Τιβέριος (Tivérios)

→ Irish: Tibir

→ Italian: Tiberio

→ Ligurian: Tibeio

→ Latvian: Tiberijs

→ Lithuanian: Tiberijus

→ Occitan: Tibèri

→ Piedmontese: Tiberi

→ Polish: Tyberiusz

→ Portuguese: Tibério

→ Romanian: Tiberiu

→ Russian: Тибе́рий (Tibérij)

→ Sicilian: Tibberiu

→ Spanish: Tiberio

→ Ukrainian: Тибе́рій (Tybérij)

From Tiberis (“Tiber river”) + -ius (“relative adjective marker”). C.f. Etruscan 𐌈𐌄𐌚𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌄 (θefarie), presumably borrowed from Faliscan *Tiferio(s).

suf

(history) A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Emperors of the Byzantine Roman Empire Tiberius II Constantinus (r. 574–582 C.E.) and Tiberius III (r. 698–705 C.E.)


Honorius

la-proper noun

Honōrius m sg (genitive Honōriī or Honōrī); second declension

Honōrius (canonical masculine singular)
Honōriī (genitive)
Honōrī (genitive)
Honōrius (nominative singular)
Honōriī (genitive singular)
Honōrī (genitive singular)
Honōriō (dative singular)
Honōrium (accusative singular)
Honōriō (ablative singular)
Honōrī (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Onorio

From honōrus (“worthy of honor”) + -ius.


princeps

la-noun

prī̆nceps m or f (genitive prī̆ncipis); third declension

prī̆nceps (canonical feminine masculine)
prī̆ncipis (genitive)
prī̆nceps (nominative singular)
prī̆ncipēs (nominative plural)
prī̆ncipis (genitive singular)
prī̆ncipum (genitive plural)
prī̆ncipī (dative singular)
prī̆ncipibus (dative plural)
prī̆ncipem (accusative singular)
prī̆ncipēs (accusative plural)
prī̆ncipe (ablative singular)
prī̆ncipibus (ablative plural)
prī̆nceps (singular vocative)
prī̆ncipēs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: pringj

→ Ancient Greek: πρῖγκιψ (prînkips)

Byzantine Greek: πρῖγκιψ (prînkips)

→ Greek: πρίγκιπας (prígkipas)

→ Basque: printze

Catalan: príncep

desctree

French: prince
→ Ottoman Turkish: پرَنْس (prens)
Turkish: prens
→ Persian: پرَنس (perans)

Italian: principe

Old Occitan: prince

→ Portuguese: príncipe

Sicilian: prìncipi

→ Spanish: príncipe
→ Cebuano: prinsipe
→ Tagalog: prinsipe

→ German: Fürst (calque)
→ Danish: fyrste
→ Estonian: vürst
→ Icelandic: fursti
→ Latvian: firsts
→ Polish: firc
→ Silesian: fyszt
→ Swedish: furste

→ Dutch: vorst (calque)

→ English: princeps

From Proto-Italic *priisemokaps by syncope. By surface analysis, prīmus (“first”) + -ceps (“catcher”). Compare Old English fruma (“chief, prince, ruler”).


Cora

la-proper noun

Cora f sg (genitive Corae); first declension

Corae (genitive)
Cora (nominative singular)
Corae (genitive singular)
Corae (dative singular)
Coram (accusative singular)
Corā (ablative singular)
Cora (singular vocative)
Corae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, situated between Norba and Velitrae, now Cori


impero

la-verb

imperō (present infinitive imperāre, perfect active imperāvī, supine imperātum); first conjugation

imperō (canonical)
imperāre (infinitive present)
imperāvī (active perfect)
imperātum (supine)
imperō (active first-person indicative present singular)
imperās (active indicative present second-person singular)
imperat (active indicative present singular third-person)
imperāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
imperātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
imperant (active indicative plural present third-person)
imperābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
imperābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
imperābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
imperābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
imperābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
imperābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
imperābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
imperābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
imperābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
imperābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
imperābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
imperābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
imperāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
imperāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
imperāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
imperāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
imperāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
imperāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
imperāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
imperāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
imperāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
imperāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
imperāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
imperārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
imperāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
imperāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
imperāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
imperārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
imperāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
imperārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
imperāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
imperārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
imperāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
imperārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
imperāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
imperārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
imperāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
imperārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
imperāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
imperāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
imperāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
imperārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
imperāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
imperārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
imperāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
imperāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
imperāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
imperārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
imperāssō (active first-person future sigmatic singular)
imperāssis (active future second-person sigmatic singular)
imperāssit (active future sigmatic singular third-person)
imperāssimus (active first-person future plural sigmatic)
imperāssitis (active future plural second-person sigmatic)
imperāssint (active future plural sigmatic third-person)
imperor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
imperāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
imperāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
imperātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
imperāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
imperāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
imperantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
imperābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
imperābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
imperābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
imperābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
imperābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
imperābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
imperābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
imperābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
imperābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
imperāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
imperābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
imperābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
imperābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
imperābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
imperem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
imperēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
imperet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
imperēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
imperētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
imperent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
imperārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
imperārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
imperāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
imperārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
imperārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
imperārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
imperāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
imperārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
imperāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
imperārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
imperāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
imperārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
imperāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
imperārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
imperāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
imperārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
imperāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
imperārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
imperāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
imperāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
imperāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
imperāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
imperāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
imperāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
imperāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
imperāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
imperāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
imperāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
imperāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
imperāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
imperāssim (active aorist first-person sigmatic singular)
imperāssīs (active aorist second-person sigmatic singular)
imperāssīt (active aorist sigmatic singular third-person)
imperāssīmus (active aorist first-person plural sigmatic)
imperāssītis (active aorist plural second-person sigmatic)
imperāssint (active aorist plural sigmatic third-person)
imperer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
imperēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
imperēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
imperētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
imperēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
imperēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
imperentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
imperārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
imperārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
imperārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
imperārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
imperārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
imperārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
imperārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
imperā (active imperative present second-person singular)
imperāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
imperātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
imperātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
imperātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
imperantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
imperāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
imperāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
imperātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
imperātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
imperantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
imperāre (active infinitive present)
imperārī (infinitive passive present)
imperāns (active participle present)
imperātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
imperātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
imperātūrus (active future participle)
imperandus (future participle passive)
imperāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
imperāsse (active infinitive perfect)
imperātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
imperātus (participle passive perfect)
imperātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
imperātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
imperandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
imperandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
imperandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
imperandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
imperātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
imperātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ English: imperate

→ Italian: imperare

→ Portuguese: imperar

→ Spanish: imperar


Luca

la-proper noun

Lūca f sg (genitive Lūcae); first declension

Lūca (canonical feminine singular)
Lūcae (genitive)
Lūca (nominative singular)
Lūcae (genitive singular)
Lūcae (dative singular)
Lūcam (accusative singular)
Lūcā (ablative singular)
Lūca (singular vocative)
Lūcae (locative singular)

Possibly from Celtic-Ancient Ligurian *luk- (“swampy place”). Or, possibly instead from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright”).

A city in Etruria; site of modern-day Lucca


Ina

Ina f sg (genitive Inae); first declension

Inae (genitive)
Ina (nominative singular)
Inae (genitive singular)
Inae (dative singular)
Inam (accusative singular)
Inā (ablative singular)
Ina (singular vocative)
Inae (locative singular)

An inland town in the south of Sicily mentioned by Ptolemy


Asta

Asta f sg (genitive Astae); first declension

Astae (genitive)
Asta (nominative singular)
Astae (genitive singular)
Astae (dative singular)
Astam (accusative singular)
Astā (ablative singular)
Asta (singular vocative)
Astae (locative singular)

A city of Liguria on the river Tanarus, now Asti


Mauricius

Mauricius m sg (genitive Mauriciī or Mauricī); second declension

Mauriciī (genitive)
Mauricī (genitive)
Mauricius (nominative singular)
Mauriciī (genitive singular)
Mauricī (genitive singular)
Mauriciō (dative singular)
Mauricium (accusative singular)
Mauriciō (ablative singular)
Mauricī (singular vocative)

→ English: Maurice

English: Morris

Italian: Maurizio

→ Welsh: Meurig
→ English: Merrick

From Ancient Greek Μαυρίκιος (Mauríkios, “Maurice”).


Roma

la-proper noun

Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension

Rōma (canonical feminine singular)
Rōmae (genitive)
Rōma (nominative singular)
Rōmae (genitive singular)
Rōmae (dative singular)
Rōmam (accusative singular)
Rōmā (ablative singular)
Rōma (singular vocative)
Rōmae (locative singular)

desctree

Italian: Roma
→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)
→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)
→ Korean: 로마 (roma)

Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)
French: Rome
→ Guianese Creole: Ròm
→ Haitian Creole: Wòm
→ Persian: رم (rom)
→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)
Norman: Rome
Picard: Rome
Walloon: Rome

Old Occitan:

Occitan: Roma

Catalan: Roma

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma
Galician: Roma
Portuguese: Roma

Old Spanish: Roma

Spanish: Roma

Sicilian: Ruma, Roma

Borrowings

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)
Greek: Ρώμη (Rómi)
→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)
→ Aramaic: רומא
Classical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)
→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)
Armenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)
→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)
→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)
Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)
→ Sogdian: ("Rome, Byzantium")
Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)
Sogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)
→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) ("Byzantium, Greek")
→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)
→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)
Pazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)
Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)
Persian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)
→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)

→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)

→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)

→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ

Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Bulgarian: Рим (Rim)
Macedonian: Рим (Rim)
→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Old Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)
Belarusian: Рым (Rym)
Carpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)
Ukrainian: Рим (Rym)
Russian: Рим (Rim)
→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)

Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Ри̑м

Latin script: Rȋm

Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)

→ Old Czech: Řím
Czech: Řím
→ Kashubian: Rzim
→ Old Polish: Rzym
Polish: Rzym
→ Silesian: Rzim
→ Slovak: Rím

→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא

Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)

→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: Roma

Uncertain.
* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.
* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.
* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.

Ut Roma iugum omnibus terris imponeret.

Venit Roma.

Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of modern-day Italy)


Corniculum

la-proper noun

Corniculum n sg (genitive Corniculī); second declension

Corniculī (genitive)
Corniculum (nominative singular)
Corniculī (genitive singular)
Corniculō (dative singular)
Corniculum (accusative singular)
Corniculō (ablative singular)
Corniculum (singular vocative)
Corniculī (locative singular)


Arna

Arna f sg (genitive Arnae); first declension

Arnae (genitive)
Arna (nominative singular)
Arnae (genitive singular)
Arnae (dative singular)
Arnam (accusative singular)
Arnā (ablative singular)
Arna (singular vocative)
Arnae (locative singular)


Hadrianus

Hadriānus m sg (genitive Hadriānī); second declension

Hadriānus (canonical masculine singular)
Hadriānī (genitive)
Hadriānus (nominative singular)
Hadriānī (genitive singular)
Hadriānō (dative singular)
Hadriānum (accusative singular)
Hadriānō (ablative singular)
Hadriāne (singular vocative)

Catalan: Adrià

Danish: Adrian

Dutch: Adriaan, Arjan, Arjen

English: Hadrian, Adrian

Franco-Provençal: Adriyin

French: Adrien

German: Adrian

Hungarian: Adorján

Italian: Adriano

Latvian: Adriāns, Adrians

Polish: Adrian

Portuguese: Adrião, → Adriano

Sicilian: Atrianu

Spanish: Adrián

Ukrainian: Адріа́н (Adrián)

From Hadria (“a city in Picenum, site of modern Atri”) + -ānus, perhaps from Etruscan 𐌇𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌀 (hatria). See Adriatic.


Aurelius

la-proper noun

Aurēlius m (genitive Aurēliī or Aurēlī, feminine Aurēlia); second declension

Aurēlius (canonical masculine)
Aurēliī (genitive)
Aurēlī (genitive)
Aurēlia (feminine)
Aurēlius (nominative singular)
Aurēliī (nominative plural)
Aurēliī (genitive singular)
Aurēlī (genitive singular)
Aurēliōrum (genitive plural)
Aurēliō (dative singular)
Aurēliīs (dative plural)
Aurēlium (accusative singular)
Aurēliōs (accusative plural)
Aurēliō (ablative singular)
Aurēliīs (ablative plural)
Aurēlī (singular vocative)
Aurēliī (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Αὐρήλιος (Aurḗlios)
Greek: Αυρήλιος (Avrílios)

→ French: Aurèle

→ Irish: Áiréilias

→ Italian: Aurelio

→ Portuguese: Aurélio

→ Romanian: Aureliu

→ Spanish: Aurelio

From aureus (“golden”), -lus (“diminutive suffix”), -ius (“adjectival suffix”)


Avernus

la-proper noun

Avernus m sg (genitive Avernī); second declension

Avernī (genitive)
Avernus (nominative singular)
Avernī (genitive singular)
Avernō (dative singular)
Avernum (accusative singular)
Avernō (ablative singular)
Averne (singular vocative)
Avernī (locative singular)

Catalan: avern

English: Avernus

Galician: averno

Italian: Averno

Portuguese: averno

Spanish: averno

Ancient Greek ἄορνος (áornos), ἄϝορνος (áwornos, “birdless”), from ἀ- (a-, “without”) + ὄρνις (órnis, “bird”). The lack of birds was likely due to fatal gases like carbon dioxide seeping from the volcanically active lake.


Vespasianus

Vespasiānus m (genitive Vespasiānī); second declension

Vespasiānus (canonical masculine)
Vespasiānī (genitive)
Vespasiānus (nominative singular)
Vespasiānī (nominative plural)
Vespasiānī (genitive singular)
Vespasiānōrum (genitive plural)
Vespasiānō (dative singular)
Vespasiānīs (dative plural)
Vespasiānum (accusative singular)
Vespasiānōs (accusative plural)
Vespasiānō (ablative singular)
Vespasiānīs (ablative plural)
Vespasiāne (singular vocative)
Vespasiānī (plural vocative)

[u̯ɛs̠päs̠iˈäːnʊs̠]

Apparently from Vespasiae, a town near Nursia in Samnium.

Titus Flavius Vespasianus

The Roman emperor from AD 69 to 79, succeeded by his son Titus


Inessa

Inēssa f sg (genitive Inēssae); first declension

Inēssa (canonical feminine singular)
Inēssae (genitive)
Inēssa (nominative singular)
Inēssae (genitive singular)
Inēssae (dative singular)
Inēssam (accusative singular)
Inēssā (ablative singular)
Inēssa (singular vocative)
Inēssae (locative singular)

A Sicilian city situated at the foot of the Aetna


Sybaris

Sybaris f sg (genitive Sybaris); third declension

Sybaris (genitive)
Sybaris (nominative singular)
Sybaris (genitive singular)
Sybarī (dative singular)
Sybarim (accusative singular)
Sybarin (accusative singular)
Sybarī (ablative singular)
Sybaris (singular vocative)
Sybarī (locative singular)

[ˈs̠ʏbärɪs̠]

A city of Magna Graecia, notable for the luxury of its inhabitants


Fescennia

Fescennia f sg (genitive Fescenniae); first declension

Fescenniae (genitive)
Fescennia (nominative singular)
Fescenniae (genitive singular)
Fescenniae (dative singular)
Fescenniam (accusative singular)
Fescenniā (ablative singular)
Fescennia (singular vocative)
Fescenniae (locative singular)

[feʃˈʃɛnːiä]


Nigella

Nigella m sg (genitive Nigellae); first declension

Nigellae (genitive)
Nigella (nominative singular)
Nigellae (genitive singular)
Nigellae (dative singular)
Nigellam (accusative singular)
Nigellā (ablative singular)
Nigella (singular vocative)

[niˈd͡ʒɛlːä]

A river of Gallia Cisalpina mentioned in the Tabula Peutingeriana


Crotalus

Crotalus m sg (genitive Crotalī); second declension

Crotalī (genitive)
Crotalus (nominative singular)
Crotalī (genitive singular)
Crotalō (dative singular)
Crotalum (accusative singular)
Crotalō (ablative singular)
Crotale (singular vocative)

[ˈkrɔt̪äɫ̪ʊs̠]

A small river in Bruttium, now called Corace


donativum

la-noun

dōnātīvum n (genitive dōnātīvī); second declension

dōnātīvum (canonical neuter)
dōnātīvī (genitive)
dōnātīvum (nominative singular)
dōnātīva (nominative plural)
dōnātīvī (genitive singular)
dōnātīvōrum (genitive plural)
dōnātīvō (dative singular)
dōnātīvīs (dative plural)
dōnātīvum (accusative singular)
dōnātīva (accusative plural)
dōnātīvō (ablative singular)
dōnātīvīs (ablative plural)
dōnātīvum (singular vocative)
dōnātīva (plural vocative)

Spanish: donadío

→ English: donative

Italian: donativo

→ Portuguese: donativo

[d̪oːnäːˈt̪iːu̯ʊ̃ˑ]

financial gratuity given to Roman soldiers at the accession of the Emperor, later than Augustus

(rare) financial gratuity given to Roman soldiers on occasion of a triumph in the Republican era


Cosa

la-proper noun

Cosa f sg (genitive Cosae); first declension

Cosae (genitive)
Cosa (nominative singular)
Cosae (genitive singular)
Cosae (dative singular)
Cosam (accusative singular)
Cosā (ablative singular)
Cosa (singular vocative)
Cosae (locative singular)

From Etruscan 𐌂𐌖𐌔𐌉 (cusi) or 𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌀 (cosia).

an Etruscan city of Etruria, situated on the seacoast


Sena

Sena f sg (genitive Senae); first declension

Senae (genitive)
Sena (nominative singular)
Senae (genitive singular)
Senae (dative singular)
Senam (accusative singular)
Senā (ablative singular)
Sena (singular vocative)
Senae (locative singular)

Italian: Siena

Sicilian: Sena

From Gaulish Senōnēs, a local tribe from antiquity.


Ardea

Ardea f sg (genitive Ardeae); first declension

Ardeae (genitive)
Ardea (nominative singular)
Ardeae (genitive singular)
Ardeae (dative singular)
Ardeam (accusative singular)
Ardeā (ablative singular)
Ardea (singular vocative)
Ardeae (locative singular)

a very ancient city of Latium, capital of the Rutuli


congiarium

la-noun

congiārium n (genitive congiāriī or congiārī); second declension

congiārium (canonical neuter)
congiāriī (genitive)
congiārī (genitive)
congiārium (nominative singular)
congiāria (nominative plural)
congiāriī (genitive singular)
congiārī (genitive singular)
congiāriōrum (genitive plural)
congiāriō (dative singular)
congiāriīs (dative plural)
congiārium (accusative singular)
congiāria (accusative plural)
congiāriō (ablative singular)
congiāriīs (ablative plural)
congiārium (singular vocative)
congiāria (plural vocative)

From congius (“congius, approximately a gallon or two”) + -ārium (“place for”).


Mandela

la-proper noun

Mandēla f sg (genitive Mandēlae); first declension

Mandēla (canonical feminine singular)
Mandēlae (genitive)
Mandēla (nominative singular)
Mandēlae (genitive singular)
Mandēlae (dative singular)
Mandēlam (accusative singular)
Mandēlā (ablative singular)
Mandēla (singular vocative)
Mandēlae (locative singular)

[män̪ˈd̪eːɫ̪ä]

[män̪ˈd̪ɛːlä]

a small town in the Sabines, near the Digentia


Saticula

Satīcula f sg (genitive Satīculae); first declension

Satīcula (canonical feminine singular)
Satīculae (genitive)
Satīcula (nominative singular)
Satīculae (genitive singular)
Satīculae (dative singular)
Satīculam (accusative singular)
Satīculā (ablative singular)
Satīcula (singular vocative)
Satīculae (locative singular)

A town in Samnium, situated near the frontiers with Campania


Fundi

Fundī m pl (genitive Fundōrum); second declension

Fundī (canonical masculine plural)
Fundōrum (genitive)
Fundī (nominative plural)
Fundōrum (genitive plural)
Fundīs (dative plural)
Fundōs (accusative plural)
Fundīs (ablative plural)
Fundī (plural vocative)
Fundīs (locative plural)

A coastal city in Latium situated on the Appian Way, now Fondi


Angulus

Angulus m sg (genitive Angulī); second declension

Angulī (genitive)
Angulus (nominative singular)
Angulī (genitive singular)
Angulō (dative singular)
Angulum (accusative singular)
Angulō (ablative singular)
Angule (singular vocative)
Angulī (locative singular)

[ˈäŋɡʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

A city of the Vestini, situated on a hill near the Adriatic Sea, now the town of Città Sant'Angelo


Cumae

Cūmae f pl (genitive Cūmārum); first declension

Cūmae (canonical feminine plural)
Cūmārum (genitive)
Cūmae (nominative plural)
Cūmārum (genitive plural)
Cūmīs (dative plural)
Cūmās (accusative plural)
Cūmīs (ablative plural)
Cūmae (plural vocative)
Cūmīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κύμη (Kúmē, “Cumae”).


Nero

Nerō m sg (genitive Nerōnis); third declension

Nerō (canonical masculine singular)
Nerōnis (genitive)
Nerō (nominative singular)
Nerōnis (genitive singular)
Nerōnī (dative singular)
Nerōnem (accusative singular)
Nerōne (ablative singular)
Nerō (singular vocative)

Italian: Nerone

Sicilian: Niruni

From Proto-Italic *nēr (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr, whence Ancient Greek ἀνήρ (anḗr).

Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.


Mediolanum

Mediolānum n sg (genitive Mediolānī); second declension

Mediolānum (canonical neuter singular)
Mediolānī (genitive)
Mediolānum (nominative singular)
Mediolānī (genitive singular)
Mediolānō (dative singular)
Mediolānum (accusative singular)
Mediolānō (ablative singular)
Mediolānum (singular vocative)
Mediolānī (locative singular)

Italian: Milano

desc

→ Arabic: مِيلَانُو (mīlānō)

→ Arabic: مِيلَانُو (mīlānō)

→ Catalan: Milà

→ French: Milan

→ English: Milan

zh-l

米蘭／米兰 (Mǐlán)

→ Chinese: 米蘭／米兰 (Mǐlán)

→ Greek: Μιλάνο (Miláno)

→ Japanese: ミラノ (Mirano)

→ Portuguese: Milão

→ Russian: Мила́н (Milán)

→ Spanish: Milán

Lombard: Milan, Miran, Milà

⇒ Italian: mediolanità

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Μεδιόλᾱνον (Mediólānon)

Greek: Μεδιόλανο (Mediólano)

→ German: Mailand

→ Polish: Mediolan

[mɛd̪iɔˈɫ̪äːnʊ̃ˑ]

Uncertain; possibly from Gaulish *medios (“middle, central”, from Proto-Celtic *medyos) + *lānom (“plain, field”), therefore meaning “in the middle of a plain”.

der

from Proto-Celtic <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro">*medyos</i>


Neapolis

la-proper noun

Neāpolis f sg (genitive Neāpolis or Neāpoleos or Neāpolios); third declension

Neāpolis (canonical feminine singular)
Neāpolis (genitive)
Neāpoleos (genitive)
Neāpolios (genitive)
Neāpolis (nominative singular)
Neāpolis (genitive singular)
Neāpoleos (genitive singular)
Neāpolios (genitive singular)
Neāpolī (dative singular)
Neāpolim (accusative singular)
Neāpolin (accusative singular)
Neāpolī (ablative singular)
Neāpolis (singular vocative)
Neāpolī (singular vocative)
Neāpolī (locative singular)

French: Naples

→ English: Naples

→ Chinese: 那不勒斯 (Nàbùlèsī)

→ Japanese: ネイプルズ

desctree

Italian: Napoli
→ Chinese: 拿坡里 (Nápōlǐ)
→ English: Napoli
→ Estonian: Napoli
→ Finnish: Napoli
→ Greek: Νάπολη (Nápoli)
→ Japanese: ナポリ
→ Ottoman Turkish: ناپولی (Napoli)
Turkish: Napoli
→ Vietnamese: Napoli

Neapolitan: Napule

Portuguese: Nápoles

Romanian: Napoli

→ Russian: Неаполь (Neapolʹ)

Sicilian: Nàpuli

Spanish: Nápoles

From Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis), from νέα (néa, “new”) + πόλις (pólis, “city, city-state”). Varro's De Lingua Latina states that it was previously called Novapolis. Equivalent to neo- + -polis.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Neapolis.


Veii

la-proper noun

Vēiī m pl (genitive Vēiōrum); second declension

Vēiī (canonical masculine plural)
Vēiōrum (genitive)
Vēiī (nominative plural)
Vēiōrum (genitive plural)
Vēiīs (dative plural)
Vēiōs (accusative plural)
Vēiīs (ablative plural)
Vēiī (plural vocative)
Vēiīs (locative plural)


Capitolium

Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī); second declension

Capitōlium (canonical neuter singular)
Capitōliī (genitive)
Capitōlī (genitive)
Capitōlium (nominative singular)
Capitōliī (genitive singular)
Capitōlī (genitive singular)
Capitōliō (dative singular)
Capitōlium (accusative singular)
Capitōliō (ablative singular)
Capitōlium (singular vocative)

Inherited forms:

Old French: capitoile, capitolie

→ Middle English: Capitolie

English: Capitol, capitol

Italian: Campidoglio

Old Occitan: capdolh

Auvergnat: Chaptuèlh

→ French: Chapteuil

Sicilian: Capitugghiu

Borrowings:

→ English: Capitolium (learned)

→ Portuguese: Capitólio (learned)

→ Sicilian: Capitùliu (learned)

→ Spanish: Capitolio (learned)

[käpɪˈt̪oːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]

From the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix) or -ōlus (“-ole”, diminutive suffix) + -ium (suffix forming place names). Compare capito and capitulum.

Constantine the Great
Museum of Roman Civilization

The Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, particularly (historical) the Roman temples there in antiquity.


Cortona

Cortōna f sg (genitive Cortōnae); first declension

Cortōna (canonical feminine singular)
Cortōnae (genitive)
Cortōna (nominative singular)
Cortōnae (genitive singular)
Cortōnae (dative singular)
Cortōnam (accusative singular)
Cortōnā (ablative singular)
Cortōna (singular vocative)
Cortōnae (locative singular)


Arcadius

Arcadius m sg (genitive Arcadiī or Arcadī); second declension

Arcadiī (genitive)
Arcadī (genitive)
Arcadius (nominative singular)
Arcadiī (genitive singular)
Arcadī (genitive singular)
Arcadiō (dative singular)
Arcadium (accusative singular)
Arcadiō (ablative singular)
Arcadī (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Arcadio

From Ancient Greek Ἀρκάδιος (Arkádios, “an Arcadian”).


Valens

la-proper noun

Valēns m sg (genitive Valentis); third declension

Valēns (canonical masculine singular)
Valentis (genitive)
Valēns (nominative singular)
Valentis (genitive singular)
Valentī (dative singular)
Valentem (accusative singular)
Valente (ablative singular)
Valēns (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Valente

[ˈu̯äɫ̪ẽːs̠]


Valerianus

Valeriānus m sg (genitive Valeriānī); second declension

Valeriānus (canonical masculine singular)
Valeriānī (genitive)
Valeriānus (nominative singular)
Valeriānī (genitive singular)
Valeriānō (dative singular)
Valeriānum (accusative singular)
Valeriānō (ablative singular)
Valeriāne (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Valeriano

[u̯äɫ̪ɛriˈäːnʊs̠]


Heraclius

Hēraclius m sg (genitive Hēracliī or Hēraclī); second declension

Hēraclius (canonical masculine singular)
Hēracliī (genitive)
Hēraclī (genitive)
Hēraclius (nominative singular)
Hēracliī (genitive singular)
Hēraclī (genitive singular)
Hēracliō (dative singular)
Hēraclium (accusative singular)
Hēracliō (ablative singular)
Hēraclī (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Eraclio

From Ancient Greek Ἡράκλειος (Hērákleios).

The name of various East Roman emperors, including Heraclius and Heraclonas


Vetulonia

Vetulōnia f sg (genitive Vetulōniae); first declension

Vetulōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Vetulōniae (genitive)
Vetulōnia (nominative singular)
Vetulōniae (genitive singular)
Vetulōniae (dative singular)
Vetulōniam (accusative singular)
Vetulōniā (ablative singular)
Vetulōnia (singular vocative)
Vetulōniae (locative singular)

Italian: Vetulonia

[u̯ɛt̪ʊˈɫ̪oːniä]

vetulus (“little old”, adjective) + -ōnia ≈ “little old town”


Volsinii

la-proper noun

Volsiniī m pl (genitive Volsiniōrum); second declension

Volsiniī (canonical masculine plural)
Volsiniōrum (genitive)
Volsiniī (nominative plural)
Volsiniōrum (genitive plural)
Volsiniīs (dative plural)
Volsiniōs (accusative plural)
Volsiniīs (ablative plural)
Volsiniī (plural vocative)
Volsiniīs (locative plural)

[u̯ɔɫ̪ˈs̠ɪniː]

From Etruscan 𐌖𐌄𐌋𐌆𐌍𐌀 (uelzna), 𐌖𐌄𐌋𐌖𐌔𐌍𐌀 (uelusna). Found in Greek as Ὀυολσίνιοι (Ouolsínioi) (Strabo) and Ὀυολσίνιον (Ouolsínion) (Ptolemy).

Bolsena (city in Italy, a successor to the Etruscan city)


Ortona

Ortōna f sg (genitive Ortōnae); first declension

Ortōna (canonical feminine singular)
Ortōnae (genitive)
Ortōna (nominative singular)
Ortōnae (genitive singular)
Ortōnae (dative singular)
Ortōnam (accusative singular)
Ortōnā (ablative singular)
Ortōna (singular vocative)
Ortōnae (locative singular)

A city in Latium, situated near the borders with the territory of the Aequi

A town of the Frentani situated on the Adriatic coast, now Ortona


Manduria

Mandūria f sg (genitive Mandūriae); first declension

Mandūria (canonical feminine singular)
Mandūriae (genitive)
Mandūria (nominative singular)
Mandūriae (genitive singular)
Mandūriae (dative singular)
Mandūriam (accusative singular)
Mandūriā (ablative singular)
Mandūria (singular vocative)
Mandūriae (locative singular)

an ancient city of the Salentini in Calabria, situated between Tarentum and Lupiae


Vicetia

Vīcētia f sg (genitive Vīcētiae); first declension

Vīcētia (canonical feminine singular)
Vīcētiae (genitive)
Vīcētia (nominative singular)
Vīcētiae (genitive singular)
Vīcētiae (dative singular)
Vīcētiam (accusative singular)
Vīcētiā (ablative singular)
Vīcētia (singular vocative)
Vīcētiae (locative singular)

?French: Vicence

Italian: Vicenza

?Venetan: Vicensa

[viˈt͡ʃɛt̪ː͡s̪iä]

From Vincentia, victoriosus (“victorious”).

Transpadane Gaul
Transpadane Gaul#English

Vicenza or anciently Vicentia or Vicetia (a town, later city, in Transpadane Gaul, between Verona and Padua, in the territory of Venetia, or today Veneto)


Baiae

Baiae f pl (genitive Baiārum); first declension

Baiārum (genitive)
Baiae (nominative plural)
Baiārum (genitive plural)
Baiīs (dative plural)
Baiās (accusative plural)
Baiīs (ablative plural)
Baiae (plural vocative)
Baiīs (locative plural)

French: Baïes

Italian: Baia

Spanish: Bayas

Baiae (an ancient resort town on the Bay of Naples)


Sutrium

Sūtrium n sg (genitive Sūtriī or Sūtrī); second declension

Sūtrium (canonical neuter singular)
Sūtriī (genitive)
Sūtrī (genitive)
Sūtrium (nominative singular)
Sūtriī (genitive singular)
Sūtrī (genitive singular)
Sūtriō (dative singular)
Sūtrium (accusative singular)
Sūtriō (ablative singular)
Sūtrium (singular vocative)
Sūtriī (locative singular)

Italian: Sutri

[ˈs̠uːt̪riʊ̃ˑ]


Populonia

Populōnia f sg (genitive Populōniae); first declension

Populōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Populōniae (genitive)
Populōnia (nominative singular)
Populōniae (genitive singular)
Populōniae (dative singular)
Populōniam (accusative singular)
Populōniā (ablative singular)
Populōnia (singular vocative)
Populōniae (locative singular)

[pɔpʊˈɫ̪oːniä]

A city in Etruria, near the modern city of Piombino


Aquilonia

Aquilōnia f sg (genitive Aquilōniae); first declension

Aquilōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Aquilōniae (genitive)
Aquilōnia (nominative singular)
Aquilōniae (genitive singular)
Aquilōniae (dative singular)
Aquilōniam (accusative singular)
Aquilōniā (ablative singular)
Aquilōnia (singular vocative)
Aquilōniae (locative singular)

[äkʷɪˈɫ̪oːniä]

a town of the Hirpini, upon the river Aufidus, now Lacedonia


Carcinus

Carcinus m sg (genitive Carcinī); second declension

Carcinī (genitive)
Carcinus (nominative singular)
Carcinī (genitive singular)
Carcinō (dative singular)
Carcinum (accusative singular)
Carcinō (ablative singular)
Carcine (singular vocative)


Ustica

Ustīca f sg (genitive Ustīcae); first declension

Ustīca (canonical feminine singular)
Ustīcae (genitive)
Ustīca (nominative singular)
Ustīcae (genitive singular)
Ustīcae (dative singular)
Ustīcam (accusative singular)
Ustīcā (ablative singular)
Ustīca (singular vocative)

[ʊs̠ˈt̪iːkä]

A small hill in the Sabine country, near Horace's villa, now Val d'Ustica


Laurentum

Laurentum n sg (genitive Laurentī); second declension

Laurentī (genitive)
Laurentum (nominative singular)
Laurentī (genitive singular)
Laurentō (dative singular)
Laurentum (accusative singular)
Laurentō (ablative singular)
Laurentum (singular vocative)
Laurentī (locative singular)

[ɫ̪äu̯ˈrɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

According to Virgil, the city was named after a laurel tree, from laurus.

Laurentum, a maritime town in Latium between Ostia and Lavinium (now Torre).


Locri

Locrī m pl (genitive Locrōrum); second declension

Locrī (canonical masculine plural)
Locrōrum (genitive)
Locrī (nominative plural)
Locrōrum (genitive plural)
Locrīs (dative plural)
Locrōs (accusative plural)
Locrīs (ablative plural)
Locrī (plural vocative)
Locrīs (locative plural)


Melae

Melae f pl (genitive Melārum); first declension

Melārum (genitive)
Melae (nominative plural)
Melārum (genitive plural)
Melīs (dative plural)
Melās (accusative plural)
Melīs (ablative plural)
Melae (plural vocative)
Melīs (locative plural)


Sirmio

Sirmiō f sg (genitive Sirmiōnis); third declension

Sirmiō (canonical feminine singular)
Sirmiōnis (genitive)
Sirmiō (nominative singular)
Sirmiōnis (genitive singular)
Sirmiōnī (dative singular)
Sirmiōnem (accusative singular)
Sirmiōne (ablative singular)
Sirmiō (singular vocative)

A narrow peninsula projecting into the Lake Garda where Catullus had a villa, now Sirmione


Cupra

Cupra f sg (genitive Cuprae); first declension

Cuprae (genitive)
Cupra (nominative singular)
Cuprae (genitive singular)
Cuprae (dative singular)
Cupram (accusative singular)
Cuprā (ablative singular)
Cupra (singular vocative)
Cuprae (locative singular)

From Etruscan, probably from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- (“to smoke, boil, move violently”), the same root in the verb cupiō.

der

A town in Picenum situated on the Adriatic coast


Constantinus

la-proper noun

Cōnstantīnus m sg (genitive Cōnstantīnī); second declension

Cōnstantīnus (canonical masculine singular)
Cōnstantīnī (genitive)
Cōnstantīnus (nominative singular)
Cōnstantīnī (genitive singular)
Cōnstantīnō (dative singular)
Cōnstantīnum (accusative singular)
Cōnstantīnō (ablative singular)
Cōnstantīne (singular vocative)

desctree

Κωνστᾰντῖνος

→ Ancient Greek: Κωνστᾰντῖνος (Kōnstăntînos)
Greek: Κωνσταντίνος (Konstantínos); Κώστας (Kóstas)
→ English: Costas
→ Arabic: قُسْطَنْطِين (qusṭanṭīn)
→ Armenian: Կոստանդին (Kostandin)
→ Ge'ez: ቈስታንቲኖስ (ḳʷästantinos)
→ Georgian: კონსტანტინე (ḳonsṭanṭine)
→ Japanese: コンスタンティノス (Konsutantinosu)
→ Russian: Константи́н (Konstantín)

→ Albanian: Kostandin

desc

→ Bulgarian: Костадин (Kostadin), Константин (Konstantin)

→ Cantonese: 君士坦丁 (gwan¹ si⁶ taan² ding¹)

→ Korean: 군사탄정 (gunsatanjeong)

→ Catalan: Constantí

→ Danish: Konstantin

→ Dutch: Constantijn

→ English: Constantine

→ Chinese: 康斯坦丁 (Kāngsītǎndīng)

→ Esperanto: Konstantino

→ Finnish: Konstantinus, ⇒ Konsta, ⇒ Kosti

→ French: Constantin

→ German: Konstantin (Constantin)

𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍃

→ Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍃 (kustanteinus)

→ Irish: Constaintín

→ Italian: Costantino

→ Japanese: コンスタンティヌス (Konsutantinusu)

→ Korean: 콘스탄티누스 (konseutantinuseu)

→ Latvian: Konstantīns

→ Lithuanian: Konstantinas

→ Low German: Konstantin

→ Macedonian: Константин (Konstantin), ⇒ Костадин (Kostadin)

→ Norwegian: Konstantin

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Costantin

→ Old Spanish: Costantin

→ Polish: Konstantyn

→ Portuguese: Constantino

→ Romanian: Constantin, ⇒ Costin

→ Spanish: Constantino

→ Swedish: Konstantin

→ Turkish: Konstantin

→ Welsh: Cystennin

→ Ukrainian: Костянтин (Kostjantyn)

[kõːs̠t̪än̪ˈt̪iːnʊs̠]

cōnstāns (“constant, steadfast”) + -īnus

affix

Constantine, a cognomen in the gens Flāvia


Anagnia

la-proper noun

Anagnia f sg (genitive Anagniae); first declension

Anagniae (genitive)
Anagnia (nominative singular)
Anagniae (genitive singular)
Anagniae (dative singular)
Anagniam (accusative singular)
Anagniā (ablative singular)
Anagnia (singular vocative)
Anagniae (locative singular)

Italian: Anagni

A Latian town originally capital of the Hernicī, taken and controlled by the Roman Empire, site of modern Anagni


Anio

Aniō m sg (genitive Aniēnis); third declension

Aniō (canonical masculine singular)
Aniēnis (genitive)
Aniō (nominative singular)
Aniēnis (genitive singular)
Aniēnī (dative singular)
Aniēnem (accusative singular)
Aniēne (ablative singular)
Aniō (singular vocative)

Italian: Aniene

Believed to originate from the name of an Etruscan king, who drowned in the river while trying to cross it on his horse during a storm to get to his kidnapped daughter.


Cremera

Cremera m sg (genitive Cremerae); first declension

Cremerae (genitive)
Cremera (nominative singular)
Cremerae (genitive singular)
Cremerae (dative singular)
Cremeram (accusative singular)
Cremerā (ablative singular)
Cremera (singular vocative)

a river that flows near Rome, famous for its battle


Allia

Allia f sg (genitive Alliae); first declension

Alliae (genitive)
Allia (nominative singular)
Alliae (genitive singular)
Alliae (dative singular)
Alliam (accusative singular)
Alliā (ablative singular)
Allia (singular vocative)

From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey- common in many other river names, such as the Aller in Germany, Alaunus in some Celtic sites, and the Ille in Brittany. See also French aller (“to go”), German eilen (“to hasten, hurry”), Swedish ila.

A river in Latium, famous for its battle


Fidenae

Fīdēnae f pl (genitive Fīdēnārum); first declension

Fīdēnae (canonical feminine plural)
Fīdēnārum (genitive)
Fīdēnae (nominative plural)
Fīdēnārum (genitive plural)
Fīdēnīs (dative plural)
Fīdēnās (accusative plural)
Fīdēnīs (ablative plural)
Fīdēnae (plural vocative)
Fīdēnīs (locative plural)

Italian: Fidene

Ancient Greek: Φιδήνη (Phidḗnē)


Eretum

Ērētum n sg (genitive Ērētī); second declension

Ērētum (canonical neuter singular)
Ērētī (genitive)
Ērētum (nominative singular)
Ērētī (genitive singular)
Ērētō (dative singular)
Ērētum (accusative singular)
Ērētō (ablative singular)
Ērētum (singular vocative)
Ērētī (locative singular)

A Latian small town near the river Tiber


Ticinus

Tīcīnus m sg (genitive Tīcīnī); second declension

Tīcīnus (canonical masculine singular)
Tīcīnī (genitive)
Tīcīnus (nominative singular)
Tīcīnī (genitive singular)
Tīcīnō (dative singular)
Tīcīnum (accusative singular)
Tīcīnō (ablative singular)
Tīcīne (singular vocative)

→ Ancient Greek: Τίκινος (Tíkinos)

Italian: Ticino

The name could have meant "the runner," from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ-ino-s, from *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”).


Nomentum

Nōmentum n sg (genitive Nōmentī); second declension

Nōmentum (canonical neuter singular)
Nōmentī (genitive)
Nōmentum (nominative singular)
Nōmentī (genitive singular)
Nōmentō (dative singular)
Nōmentum (accusative singular)
Nōmentō (ablative singular)
Nōmentum (singular vocative)
Nōmentī (locative singular)

Italian: Mentana


Lavinium

Lā̆vīnium n sg (genitive Lā̆vīniī or Lā̆vīnī); second declension

Lā̆vīnium (canonical neuter singular)
Lā̆vīniī (genitive)
Lā̆vīnī (genitive)
Lā̆vīnium (nominative singular)
Lā̆vīniī (genitive singular)
Lā̆vīnī (genitive singular)
Lā̆vīniō (dative singular)
Lā̆vīnium (accusative singular)
Lā̆vīniō (ablative singular)
Lā̆vīnium (singular vocative)
Lā̆vīniī (locative singular)

Italian: Lavinio

Ancient Greek: Λαουΐνιον (Laouḯnion)

[ɫ̪äːˈu̯iːniʊ̃ˑ]

[ɫ̪äˈu̯iːniʊ̃ˑ]

Unknown, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”), meaning "a bathing-place (for animals)". Synchronically derived from Lavīnum, an alternative form of the town's name. Roman legend derives it from Lā̆vīnia, daughter of the king of the Latins and wife of Aeneas.

port city near Rome, legendarily founded by Aeneas


Volaterrae

Volāterrae f pl (genitive Volāterrārum); first declension

Volāterrae (canonical feminine plural)
Volāterrārum (genitive)
Volāterrae (nominative plural)
Volāterrārum (genitive plural)
Volāterrīs (dative plural)
Volāterrās (accusative plural)
Volāterrīs (ablative plural)
Volāterrae (plural vocative)
Volāterrīs (locative plural)

[u̯ɔɫ̪äːˈt̪ɛrːäe̯]

Volterra (city in Tuscany, of Etruscan origin)


Aufidus

Aufidus m sg (genitive Aufidī); second declension

Aufidī (genitive)
Aufidus (nominative singular)
Aufidī (genitive singular)
Aufidō (dative singular)
Aufidum (accusative singular)
Aufidō (ablative singular)
Aufide (singular vocative)

Italian: Ofanto


Amiternum

Amiternum n sg (genitive Amiternī); second declension

Amiternī (genitive)
Amiternum (nominative singular)
Amiternī (genitive singular)
Amiternō (dative singular)
Amiternum (accusative singular)
Amiternō (ablative singular)
Amiternum (singular vocative)
Amiternī (locative singular)

Ἀμίτερνον (Amíternon)

[ämɪˈt̪ɛrnʊ̃ˑ]

Perhaps from am- (shortening of ambō) + Aternus

affix

shortening of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">ambō</i>

ancient city situated near L'Aquila, in Abruzzo


Pandosia

la-proper noun

Pandōsia f sg (genitive Pandōsiae); first declension

Pandōsia (canonical feminine singular)
Pandōsiae (genitive)
Pandōsia (nominative singular)
Pandōsiae (genitive singular)
Pandōsiae (dative singular)
Pandōsiam (accusative singular)
Pandōsiā (ablative singular)
Pandōsia (singular vocative)
Pandōsiae (locative singular)

[pän̪ˈd̪ɔːs̬iä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πᾰνδωσῐ́ᾱ (Păndōsĭ́ā).

An ancient city in Epirus, on the Acheron, now Kastri

A city of the Bruttians, near the modern Mendocino


Sulmo

Sulmō m sg (genitive Sulmōnis); third declension

Sulmō (canonical masculine singular)
Sulmōnis (genitive)
Sulmō (nominative singular)
Sulmōnis (genitive singular)
Sulmōnī (dative singular)
Sulmōnem (accusative singular)
Sulmōne (ablative singular)
Sulmō (singular vocative)
Sulmōnī (locative singular)
Sulmōne (locative singular)

Sulmona (town in Italy and birthplace of Ovid)


Nursia

Nursia f sg (genitive Nursiae); first declension

Nursiae (genitive)
Nursia (nominative singular)
Nursiae (genitive singular)
Nursiae (dative singular)
Nursiam (accusative singular)
Nursiā (ablative singular)
Nursia (singular vocative)
Nursiae (locative singular)

Of non-Latin origin, possibly Etruscan 𐌍𐌖𐌓𐌆𐌉𐌖 (nurziu, “happiness”).


Clitumnus

Clītumnus m sg (genitive Clītumnī); second declension

Clītumnus (canonical masculine singular)
Clītumnī (genitive)
Clītumnus (nominative singular)
Clītumnī (genitive singular)
Clītumnō (dative singular)
Clītumnum (accusative singular)
Clītumnō (ablative singular)
Clītumne (singular vocative)

Unknown. The suffix -umnus may relate to several other names of deities such as Pīcumnus, Pīlumnus, Vertumnus, Vītumnus, and Volumnus. Alternatively, it could continue the amnis (“river”).

The Clitunno river, that flows in Umbria.

(religion) The god of the Clitunno, son of Oceanus and Tethys


Clitumnus

la-adj

Clītumnus (feminine Clītumna, neuter Clītumnum); first/second-declension adjective

Clītumnus (canonical)
Clītumna (feminine)
Clītumnum (neuter)
Clītumnus (masculine nominative singular)
Clītumna (feminine nominative singular)
Clītumnum (neuter nominative singular)
Clītumnī (masculine nominative singular)
Clītumnae (feminine nominative plural)
Clītumna (neuter nominative plural)
Clītumnī (genitive masculine singular)
Clītumnae (feminine genitive singular)
Clītumnī (genitive neuter singular)
Clītumnōrum (genitive masculine singular)
Clītumnārum (feminine genitive plural)
Clītumnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
Clītumnō (dative masculine singular)
Clītumnae (dative feminine singular)
Clītumnō (dative neuter singular)
Clītumnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
Clītumnum (accusative masculine singular)
Clītumnam (accusative feminine singular)
Clītumnum (accusative neuter singular)
Clītumnōs (accusative masculine singular)
Clītumnās (accusative feminine plural)
Clītumna (accusative neuter plural)
Clītumnō (ablative masculine singular)
Clītumnā (ablative feminine singular)
Clītumnō (ablative neuter singular)
Clītumnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
Clītumne (masculine singular vocative)
Clītumna (feminine singular vocative)
Clītumnum (neuter singular vocative)
Clītumnī (masculine singular vocative)
Clītumnae (feminine plural vocative)
Clītumna (neuter plural vocative)


Vettona

la-proper noun

Vettōna f sg (genitive Vettōnae); first declension

Vettōna (canonical feminine singular)
Vettōnae (genitive)
Vettōna (nominative singular)
Vettōnae (genitive singular)
Vettōnae (dative singular)
Vettōnam (accusative singular)
Vettōnā (ablative singular)
Vettōna (singular vocative)
Vettōnae (locative singular)

[u̯ɛt̪ˈt̪oːnä]


Caburrum

Caburrum n sg (genitive Caburrī); second declension

Caburrī (genitive)
Caburrum (nominative singular)
Caburrī (genitive singular)
Caburrō (dative singular)
Caburrum (accusative singular)
Caburrō (ablative singular)
Caburrum (singular vocative)
Caburrī (locative singular)

[käˈbʊrːʊ̃ˑ]


Augusta Vagiennorum

Augusta Vagiennōrum f sg (genitive Augustae Vagiennōrum); first declension

Augusta Vagiennōrum (canonical feminine singular)
Augustae Vagiennōrum (genitive)
Augusta Vagiennōrum (nominative singular)
Augustae Vagiennōrum (genitive singular)
Augustae Vagiennōrum (dative singular)
Augustam Vagiennōrum (accusative singular)
Augustā Vagiennōrum (ablative singular)
Augusta Vagiennōrum (singular vocative)
Augustae Vagiennōrum (locative singular)

[äu̯ˈɡʊs̠t̪ä u̯äɡiɛnˈnoːrʊ̃ˑ]

From the name of the local tribe, the Vagiennī.

The chief city of the Vagienni in Liguria, now Bene Vagienna


Auser

Auser m sg (genitive Auseris); third declension

Auseris (genitive)
Auser (nominative singular)
Auseris (genitive singular)
Auserī (dative singular)
Auserem (accusative singular)
Ausere (ablative singular)
Auser (singular vocative)

A river in Etruria near Lucca, now Serchio.


Caecina

Caecīna m sg (genitive Caecīnae); first declension

Caecīna (canonical masculine singular)
Caecīnae (genitive)
Caecīna (nominative singular)
Caecīnae (genitive singular)
Caecīnae (dative singular)
Caecīnam (accusative singular)
Caecīnā (ablative singular)
Caecīna (singular vocative)

Italian: Cecina

[t͡ʃeˈt͡ʃiːnä]


Umbro

Umbrō m sg (genitive Umbrōnis); third declension

Umbrō (canonical masculine singular)
Umbrōnis (genitive)
Umbrō (nominative singular)
Umbrōnis (genitive singular)
Umbrōnī (dative singular)
Umbrōnem (accusative singular)
Umbrōne (ablative singular)
Umbrō (singular vocative)


Graviscae

Graviscae f pl (genitive Graviscārum); first declension

Graviscārum (genitive)
Graviscae (nominative plural)
Graviscārum (genitive plural)
Graviscīs (dative plural)
Graviscās (accusative plural)
Graviscīs (ablative plural)
Graviscae (plural vocative)
Graviscīs (locative plural)

[ɡräˈu̯ɪs̠käe̯]

A town on the coast of Etruria, near the city of Cosa


Caere

One of the cities of the Etruscan dodecapolis, in Etruria


Fregenae

Fregēnae f pl (genitive Fregēnārum); first declension

Fregēnae (canonical feminine plural)
Fregēnārum (genitive)
Fregēnae (nominative plural)
Fregēnārum (genitive plural)
Fregēnīs (dative plural)
Fregēnās (accusative plural)
Fregēnīs (ablative plural)
Fregēnae (plural vocative)
Fregēnīs (locative plural)

A maritime town in Etruria, situated between Alsium and the mouth of the Tiber, now Fregene


Rusellae

Rusellae f pl (genitive Rusellārum); first declension

Rusellārum (genitive)
Rusellae (nominative plural)
Rusellārum (genitive plural)
Rusellīs (dative plural)
Rusellās (accusative plural)
Rusellīs (ablative plural)
Rusellae (plural vocative)
Rusellīs (locative plural)

[rʊˈs̠ɛlːʲäe̯]

An important city in Etruria, situated near the course of the river Umbro


Arretium

Arrētium n sg (genitive Arrētiī or Arrētī); second declension

Arrētium (canonical neuter singular)
Arrētiī (genitive)
Arrētī (genitive)
Arrētium (nominative singular)
Arrētiī (genitive singular)
Arrētī (genitive singular)
Arrētiō (dative singular)
Arrētium (accusative singular)
Arrētiō (ablative singular)
Arrētium (singular vocative)
Arrētiī (locative singular)

Italian: Arezzo

[ärˈreːt̪iʊ̃ˑ]

One of the most powerful cities of Etruria, situated on the upper valley of the river Arnus, now Arezzo.


Amitinum

Amitīnum n sg (genitive Amitīnī); second declension

Amitīnum (canonical neuter singular)
Amitīnī (genitive)
Amitīnum (nominative singular)
Amitīnī (genitive singular)
Amitīnō (dative singular)
Amitīnum (accusative singular)
Amitīnō (ablative singular)
Amitīnum (singular vocative)
Amitīnī (locative singular)

[ämɪˈt̪iːnʊ̃ˑ]


Blera

Blēra f sg (genitive Blērae); first declension

Blēra (canonical feminine singular)
Blērae (genitive)
Blēra (nominative singular)
Blērae (genitive singular)
Blērae (dative singular)
Blēram (accusative singular)
Blērā (ablative singular)
Blēra (singular vocative)
Blērae (locative singular)

Maybe from Etruscan 𐌘𐌋𐌄𐌓𐌀 (φlera) or 𐌅𐌄𐌋𐌄𐌓𐌀 (velera).


Capena

Capēna f sg (genitive Capēnae); first declension

Capēna (canonical feminine singular)
Capēnae (genitive)
Capēna (nominative singular)
Capēnae (genitive singular)
Capēnae (dative singular)
Capēnam (accusative singular)
Capēnā (ablative singular)
Capēna (singular vocative)
Capēnae (locative singular)

A city in Etruria situated near Veii and Falerii


Faesulae

Faesulae f pl (genitive Faesulārum); first declension

Faesulārum (genitive)
Faesulae (nominative plural)
Faesulārum (genitive plural)
Faesulīs (dative plural)
Faesulās (accusative plural)
Faesulīs (ablative plural)
Faesulae (plural vocative)
Faesulīs (locative plural)

[ˈfäe̯s̠ʊɫ̪äe̯]

Borrowed from Etruscan 𐌅𐌉𐌐𐌔𐌖𐌋 (vipsul), 𐌅𐌉𐌄𐌔𐌖𐌋 (viesul), 𐌅𐌉𐌑𐌋 (viśl).

An important city in Etruria, situated on a hill rising above the valley of the Arnus, now Fiesole


Falerii

Faleriī m pl (genitive Faleriōrum); second declension

Faleriī (canonical masculine plural)
Faleriōrum (genitive)
Faleriī (nominative plural)
Faleriōrum (genitive plural)
Faleriīs (dative plural)
Faleriōs (accusative plural)
Faleriīs (ablative plural)
Faleriī (plural vocative)
Faleriīs (locative plural)

From earlier *Falisiōi. Unknown further origin.

An important city of Etruria and capital of the Faliscans


Herbanum

Herbānum n sg (genitive Herbānī); second declension

Herbānum (canonical neuter singular)
Herbānī (genitive)
Herbānum (nominative singular)
Herbānī (genitive singular)
Herbānō (dative singular)
Herbānum (accusative singular)
Herbānō (ablative singular)
Herbānum (singular vocative)
Herbānī (locative singular)

[hɛrˈbäːnʊ̃ˑ]


Nepete

Nepete n sg (genitive Nepetis); third declension

Nepetis (genitive)
Nepete (nominative singular)
Nepetis (genitive singular)
Nepetī (dative singular)
Nepete (accusative singular)
Nepete (ablative singular)
Nepete (singular vocative)
Nepetī (locative singular)
Nepete (locative singular)

A city in Etruria near Sutrium, now Nepi


Pistorium

Pistōrium n sg (genitive Pistōriī or Pistōrī); second declension

Pistōrium (canonical neuter singular)
Pistōriī (genitive)
Pistōrī (genitive)
Pistōrium (nominative singular)
Pistōriī (genitive singular)
Pistōrī (genitive singular)
Pistōriō (dative singular)
Pistōrium (accusative singular)
Pistōriō (ablative singular)
Pistōrium (singular vocative)
Pistōriī (locative singular)

[pɪs̠ˈt̪oːriʊ̃ˑ]

A town in the northern part of Etruria, now Pistoia


Suana

Suāna f sg (genitive Suānae); first declension

Suāna (canonical feminine singular)
Suānae (genitive)
Suāna (nominative singular)
Suānae (genitive singular)
Suānae (dative singular)
Suānam (accusative singular)
Suānā (ablative singular)
Suāna (singular vocative)
Suānae (locative singular)

Maybe from Etruscan 𐌔𐌖𐌀𐌍𐌀 (suana) or 𐌔𐌅𐌄𐌀𐌌𐌀 (sveama).

A town in Etruria, situated in the valley of the Fiora, now Sovana


Statonia

Statōnia f sg (genitive Statōniae); first declension

Statōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Statōniae (genitive)
Statōnia (nominative singular)
Statōniae (genitive singular)
Statōniae (dative singular)
Statōniam (accusative singular)
Statōniā (ablative singular)
Statōnia (singular vocative)
Statōniae (locative singular)

[st̪äˈt̪ɔːniä]

From Statōnēs + -ia, maybe from Etruscan 𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌍𐌀 (statna).

A town in southern Etruria, celebrated for its wine


Clanis

Clanis m sg (genitive Clanis); third declension

Clanis (genitive)
Clanis (nominative singular)
Clanis (genitive singular)
Clanī (dative singular)
Clanem (accusative singular)
Clane (ablative singular)
Clanis (singular vocative)

Italian: Chiana

Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *klān- (“liquid, wet ground”). See also English lant.

inh

A river of Etruria flowing through the territory of Clusium


Ocriculum

la-proper noun

Ocriculum n sg (genitive Ocriculī); second declension

Ocriculī (genitive)
Ocriculum (nominative singular)
Ocriculī (genitive singular)
Ocriculō (dative singular)
Ocriculum (accusative singular)
Ocriculō (ablative singular)
Ocriculum (singular vocative)
Ocriculī (locative singular)

Italian: Otricoli

[ɔˈkrɪkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

A considerable town of Umbria, situated on the left bank of the Tiber, now Otricoli


Nar

Nār m sg (genitive Nāris); third declension

Nār (canonical masculine singular)
Nāris (genitive)
Nār (nominative singular)
Nāris (genitive singular)
Nārī (dative singular)
Nārem (accusative singular)
Nāre (ablative singular)
Nār (singular vocative)

A river of Umbria and tributary of the Tiber, now the Nera.


Numicius

Numīcius m sg (genitive Numīciī or Numīcī); second declension

Numīcius (canonical masculine singular)
Numīciī (genitive)
Numīcī (genitive)
Numīcius (nominative singular)
Numīciī (genitive singular)
Numīcī (genitive singular)
Numīciō (dative singular)
Numīcium (accusative singular)
Numīciō (ablative singular)
Numīcī (singular vocative)

A small river in Latium, in whose banks was buried Aeneas


Astura

Astura m sg (genitive Asturae); first declension

Asturae (genitive)
Astura (nominative singular)
Asturae (genitive singular)
Asturae (dative singular)
Asturam (accusative singular)
Asturā (ablative singular)
Astura (singular vocative)

A small river in Latium, on whose banks was fought the last great battle between the Romans and the Latins

(as a feminine noun) an island and town in Latium


Gabii

Gabiī m pl (genitive Gabiōrum); second declension

Gabiī (canonical masculine plural)
Gabiōrum (genitive)
Gabiī (nominative plural)
Gabiōrum (genitive plural)
Gabiīs (dative plural)
Gabiōs (accusative plural)
Gabiīs (ablative plural)
Gabiī (plural vocative)
Gabiīs (locative plural)

Ancient Greek: Γάβιοι (Gábioi)

An ancient city in Latium, on the road from Rome to Praeneste


Formiae

Formiae f pl (genitive Formiārum); first declension

Formiārum (genitive)
Formiae (nominative plural)
Formiārum (genitive plural)
Formiīs (dative plural)
Formiās (accusative plural)
Formiīs (ablative plural)
Formiae (plural vocative)
Formiīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὁρμίαι (Hormíai, “place of anchorage”), from ὅρμος (hórmos, “cord, chain; anchorage”).

bor

A city in Latium situated on the coast, between Fundi and Minturnae, now Formia


Minturnae

la-proper noun

Minturnae f pl (genitive Minturnārum); first declension

Minturnārum (genitive)
Minturnae (nominative plural)
Minturnārum (genitive plural)
Minturnīs (dative plural)
Minturnās (accusative plural)
Minturnīs (ablative plural)
Minturnae (plural vocative)
Minturnīs (locative plural)

A city in Latium, situated on the right bank of the Liris, now Minturno


Sinuessa

Sinuessa f sg (genitive Sinuessae); first declension

Sinuessae (genitive)
Sinuessa (nominative singular)
Sinuessae (genitive singular)
Sinuessae (dative singular)
Sinuessam (accusative singular)
Sinuessā (ablative singular)
Sinuessa (singular vocative)
Sinuessae (locative singular)

[s̠ɪnuˈɛs̠ːä]

An ancient city in Latium, situated near the mouth of the Vulturnus


Setia

Sētia f sg (genitive Sētiae); first declension

Sētia (canonical feminine singular)
Sētiae (genitive)
Sētia (nominative singular)
Sētiae (genitive singular)
Sētiae (dative singular)
Sētiam (accusative singular)
Sētiā (ablative singular)
Sētia (singular vocative)
Sētiae (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Σητία (Sētía)

Italian: Sezze

[ˈsɛt̪ː͡s̪iä]

An ancient city in Latium, situated between Norba and Privernum, now Sezze


Liternum

Līternum n sg (genitive Līternī); second declension

Līternum (canonical neuter singular)
Līternī (genitive)
Līternum (nominative singular)
Līternī (genitive singular)
Līternō (dative singular)
Līternum (accusative singular)
Līternō (ablative singular)
Līternum (singular vocative)
Līternī (locative singular)

[lʲiːˈt̪ɛrnʊ̃ˑ]

A town on the sea coast of Campania, situated between the mouth of the Vulturnus and Cumae


Misenum

Mīsēnum n sg (genitive Mīsēnī); second declension

Mīsēnum (canonical neuter singular)
Mīsēnī (genitive)
Mīsēnum (nominative singular)
Mīsēnī (genitive singular)
Mīsēnō (dative singular)
Mīsēnum (accusative singular)
Mīsēnō (ablative singular)
Mīsēnum (singular vocative)
Mīsēnī (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Μισηνόν (Misēnón)

Italian: Miseno

[miːˈs̠eːnʊ̃ˑ]

A promontory and town of Campania, famous for being the station of the Roman fleet


Aquinum

Aquīnum n sg (genitive Aquīnī); second declension

Aquīnum (canonical neuter singular)
Aquīnī (genitive)
Aquīnum (nominative singular)
Aquīnī (genitive singular)
Aquīnō (dative singular)
Aquīnum (accusative singular)
Aquīnō (ablative singular)
Aquīnum (singular vocative)
Aquīnī (locative singular)

Italian: Aquino

[äˈkʷiːnʊ̃ˑ]

One of the most important cities of the Volsci, situated between Fabrateria and Casinum, now Aquino


Praeneste

Praeneste n sg (genitive Praenestis); third declension

Praenestis (genitive)
Praeneste (nominative singular)
Praenestis (genitive singular)
Praenestī (dative singular)
Praeneste (accusative singular)
Praeneste (ablative singular)
Praeneste (singular vocative)
Praenestī (locative singular)
Praeneste (locative singular)

One of the most ancient and important cities of Latium, famous for its sanctuary, now Palestrina


Teanum Sidicinum

Teānum Sidicīnum n sg (genitive Teānī Sidicīnī); second declension

Teānum Sidicīnum (canonical neuter singular)
Teānī Sidicīnī (genitive)
Teānum Sidicīnum (nominative singular)
Teānī Sidicīnī (genitive singular)
Teānō Sidicīnō (dative singular)
Teānum Sidicīnum (accusative singular)
Teānō Sidicīnō (ablative singular)
Teānum Sidicīnum (singular vocative)
Teānī Sidicīnī (locative singular)

[t̪eˈäːnʊ̃ˑ s̠ɪˈd̪ɪkɪnʊ̃ˑ]

a city of the interior Campania, situated between Casinum and Cales, now Teano


Allifae

Allīfae f pl (genitive Allīfārum); first declension

Allīfae (canonical feminine plural)
Allīfārum (genitive)
Allīfae (nominative plural)
Allīfārum (genitive plural)
Allīfīs (dative plural)
Allīfās (accusative plural)
Allīfīs (ablative plural)
Allīfae (plural vocative)
Allīfīs (locative plural)

A city in Samnium, situated in the valley of the Vulturnus, now Alife


Aefula

Aefula f sg (genitive Aefulae); first declension

Aefulae (genitive)
Aefula (nominative singular)
Aefulae (genitive singular)
Aefulae (dative singular)
Aefulam (accusative singular)
Aefulā (ablative singular)
Aefula (singular vocative)
Aefulae (locative singular)


Arpinum

Arpīnum n sg (genitive Arpīnī); second declension

Arpīnum (canonical neuter singular)
Arpīnī (genitive)
Arpīnum (nominative singular)
Arpīnī (genitive singular)
Arpīnō (dative singular)
Arpīnum (accusative singular)
Arpīnō (ablative singular)
Arpīnum (singular vocative)
Arpīnī (locative singular)

Italian: Arpino

[ärˈpiːnʊ̃ˑ]

According to DNGI, probably from a personal name hinted by the common name suffix -inum. Probably of Eastern Italic origin, perhaps from a name ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érkʷo- (“something bent, arrow”) and showing the Oscan and Volscian shift kw > p. The root could instead be *h₂erk- (“to lock, guard”).

der

an ancient city of the Volscians, situated on a hill above the valley of the Liris and birthplace of Cicero, now Arpino


Salapia

la-proper noun

Salapia f sg (genitive Salapiae); first declension

Salapiae (genitive)
Salapia (nominative singular)
Salapiae (genitive singular)
Salapiae (dative singular)
Salapiam (accusative singular)
Salapiā (ablative singular)
Salapia (singular vocative)
Salapiae (locative singular)

[s̠äˈɫ̪äpiä]

Perhaps a combination of the same root as sāl (“salt”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”).

a city of Apulia separated from the coast of Adriatic by a saltwater lake, now Salpi


Blanda

Blanda f sg (genitive Blandae); first declension

Blandae (genitive)
Blanda (nominative singular)
Blandae (genitive singular)
Blandae (dative singular)
Blandam (accusative singular)
Blandā (ablative singular)
Blanda (singular vocative)
Blandae (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Βλάνδα (Blánda)

[ˈbɫ̪än̪d̪ä]


Bovillae

Bovillae f pl (genitive Bovillārum); first declension

Bovillārum (genitive)
Bovillae (nominative plural)
Bovillārum (genitive plural)
Bovillīs (dative plural)
Bovillās (accusative plural)
Bovillīs (ablative plural)
Bovillae (plural vocative)
Bovillīs (locative plural)

[boˈu̯ɪlːʲäe̯]

From bovilla (“cattle stall”), from bōs (“ox”).

An ancient city in Latium, founded as a colony of Alba Longa


Cingulum

Cingulum n sg (genitive Cingulī); second declension

Cingulī (genitive)
Cingulum (nominative singular)
Cingulī (genitive singular)
Cingulō (dative singular)
Cingulum (accusative singular)
Cingulō (ablative singular)
Cingulum (singular vocative)
Cingulī (locative singular)

Italian: Cingoli

[ˈkɪŋɡʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

A city in interior Picenum situated on a lofty hill, now Cingoli


Frusino

Frusinō f sg (genitive Frusinōnis); third declension

Frusinō (canonical feminine singular)
Frusinōnis (genitive)
Frusinō (nominative singular)
Frusinōnis (genitive singular)
Frusinōnī (dative singular)
Frusinōnem (accusative singular)
Frusinōne (ablative singular)
Frusinō (singular vocative)
Frusinōnī (locative singular)
Frusinōne (locative singular)

A city in Latium situated between Ferentinum and Fregellae.

(New Latin) Frosinone, the corresponding modern city.


Ferentinum

Ferentīnum n sg (genitive Ferentīnī); second declension

Ferentīnum (canonical neuter singular)
Ferentīnī (genitive)
Ferentīnum (nominative singular)
Ferentīnī (genitive singular)
Ferentīnō (dative singular)
Ferentīnum (accusative singular)
Ferentīnō (ablative singular)
Ferentīnum (singular vocative)
Ferentīnī (locative singular)

Italian: Ferentino

[fɛrɛn̪ˈt̪iːnʊ̃ˑ]

a city of the Hernici in Latium situated between Anagnia and Frusino, now Ferentino


Fregellae

Fregellae f pl (genitive Fregellārum); first declension

Fregellārum (genitive)
Fregellae (nominative plural)
Fregellārum (genitive plural)
Fregellīs (dative plural)
Fregellās (accusative plural)
Fregellīs (ablative plural)
Fregellae (plural vocative)
Fregellīs (locative plural)

[frɛˈɡɛlːʲäe̯]

A city of the Volscians in Latium, situated on the left bank of the Liris


Fabrateria

Fabrāteria f sg (genitive Fabrāteriae); first declension

Fabrāteria (canonical feminine singular)
Fabrāteriae (genitive)
Fabrāteria (nominative singular)
Fabrāteriae (genitive singular)
Fabrāteriae (dative singular)
Fabrāteriam (accusative singular)
Fabrāteriā (ablative singular)
Fabrāteria (singular vocative)
Fabrāteriae (locative singular)

A city in Latium situated between Frusino and Aquinum, now Falvaterra


Norba

Nōrba f sg (genitive Nōrbae); first declension

Nōrba (canonical feminine singular)
Nōrbae (genitive)
Nōrba (nominative singular)
Nōrbae (genitive singular)
Nōrbae (dative singular)
Nōrbam (accusative singular)
Nōrbā (ablative singular)
Nōrba (singular vocative)
Nōrbae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, situated between Cora and Setia, now Norma


Privernum

Prīvernum n sg (genitive Prīvernī); second declension

Prīvernum (canonical neuter singular)
Prīvernī (genitive)
Prīvernum (nominative singular)
Prīvernī (genitive singular)
Prīvernō (dative singular)
Prīvernum (accusative singular)
Prīvernō (ablative singular)
Prīvernum (singular vocative)
Prīvernī (locative singular)

A city in Latium situated in the Volscian mountains, now Priverno


Signia

Signia f sg (genitive Signiae); first declension

Signiae (genitive)
Signia (nominative singular)
Signiae (genitive singular)
Signiae (dative singular)
Signiam (accusative singular)
Signiā (ablative singular)
Signia (singular vocative)
Signiae (locative singular)

Italian: Segni

→ Ancient Greek: Σίγνιον (Sígnion)

From Old Latin *Sicania (“land of the Sicani”), from Sicani, a tribe described by Pliny as living in Latium (likely before their move to Sicily). Both names could be doublets of signum (“signal, mark”).

der

An ancient city in Latium, situated on a lofty hill, now Segni


Telesia

la-proper noun

Telesia f sg (genitive Telesiae); first declension

Telesiae (genitive)
Telesia (nominative singular)
Telesiae (genitive singular)
Telesiae (dative singular)
Telesiam (accusative singular)
Telesiā (ablative singular)
Telesia (singular vocative)
Telesiae (locative singular)

[t̪ɛˈɫ̪ɛs̠iä]

a considerable city of Samnium, situated in the valley of the Calor, now Telese


Calor

Calor m sg (genitive Calōris); third declension

Calōris (genitive)
Calor (nominative singular)
Calōris (genitive singular)
Calōrī (dative singular)
Calōrem (accusative singular)
Calōre (ablative singular)
Calor (singular vocative)

Formally equivalent to calor (“heat”), but it could instead be from a root meaning "muddy, spotted," compare caligo (“mist, vapor, fog”), Sanskrit कलंक (kalaṃka, “blemish”), Ancient Greek κελαινός (kelainós, “dark, black”).

cog

One of the most important tributaries of the Vulturnus, now called Calore.


Tellenae

la-proper noun

Tellēnae f pl (genitive Tellēnārum); first declension

Tellēnae (canonical feminine plural)
Tellēnārum (genitive)
Tellēnae (nominative plural)
Tellēnārum (genitive plural)
Tellēnīs (dative plural)
Tellēnās (accusative plural)
Tellēnīs (ablative plural)
Tellēnae (plural vocative)
Tellēnīs (locative plural)

An ancient city in Latium, purportedly founded by the pre-Roman inhabitants


Tusculum

Tusculum n sg (genitive Tusculī); second declension

Tusculī (genitive)
Tusculum (nominative singular)
Tusculī (genitive singular)
Tusculō (dative singular)
Tusculum (accusative singular)
Tusculō (ablative singular)
Tusculum (singular vocative)
Tusculī (locative singular)

→ English: Tusculum

Italian: Tusculo

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Τούσκουλον (Toúskoulon)

Greek: Τούσκουλο (Toúskoulo)

Portuguese: Túsculo

Russian: Тускул (Tuskul)

[ˈt̪ʊs̠kʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

Uncertain; possibly from tusci (“Etruscans”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix).

suffix

a city of Latium said to be founded by Telegonus, the son of Ulysses


Verulae

la-proper noun

Verulae f pl (genitive Verulārum); first declension

Verulārum (genitive)
Verulae (nominative plural)
Verulārum (genitive plural)
Verulīs (dative plural)
Verulās (accusative plural)
Verulīs (ablative plural)
Verulae (plural vocative)
Verulīs (locative plural)

[ˈu̯ɛrʊɫ̪äe̯]

A city of the Hernici in Latium, situated between the valley of the Liris and the valley of the Tolerus, now Veroli


Velitrae

Velī̆trae f pl (genitive Velī̆trārum); first declension

Velī̆trae (canonical feminine plural)
Velī̆trārum (genitive)
Velī̆trae (nominative plural)
Velī̆trārum (genitive plural)
Velī̆trīs (dative plural)
Velī̆trās (accusative plural)
Velī̆trīs (ablative plural)
Velī̆trae (plural vocative)
Velī̆trīs (locative plural)

Italian: Vellétri; Vellétre (locally)

[ˈu̯ɛlʲɪt̪räe̯]

[u̯ɛˈlʲɪt̪räe̯]

Uncertain; has been explained as Etruscan, from the same stem as Latin Volsiniī and Volscī. Reflected as Ancient Greek Οὐέλιτραι (Ouélitrai).

A city in Latium, situated on the southern slope of the Alban hills, now Velletri


Ulubrae

Ulubrae f pl (genitive Ulubrārum); first declension

Ulubrārum (genitive)
Ulubrae (nominative plural)
Ulubrārum (genitive plural)
Ulubrīs (dative plural)
Ulubrās (accusative plural)
Ulubrīs (ablative plural)
Ulubrae (plural vocative)
Ulubrīs (locative plural)

[ˈʊɫ̪ʊbräe̯]

A small town in Latium, situated near the Pontine marshes.


Silarus

Silarus m sg (genitive Silarī); second declension

Silarī (genitive)
Silarus (nominative singular)
Silarī (genitive singular)
Silarō (dative singular)
Silarum (accusative singular)
Silarō (ablative singular)
Silare (singular vocative)

[ˈs̠ɪɫ̪ärʊs̠]

Borrowed from Illyrian, from Proto-Indo-European *sil-ₑro-, suffixed zero-grade form of *seyl-, extension of *sey- (“to be damp, drip”), related to Old Saxon sioloth (“lake”), Old Irish silid (“he flows”).

A river of Southern Italy forming the boundary between Campania and Lucania, now the river Sele.

A river of Northern Italy forming the boundary between Emilia and Romagna, now the river Sillaro.


Antemnae

Antemnae f pl (genitive Antemnārum); first declension

Antemnārum (genitive)
Antemnae (nominative plural)
Antemnārum (genitive plural)
Antemnīs (dative plural)
Antemnās (accusative plural)
Antemnīs (ablative plural)
Antemnae (plural vocative)
Antemnīs (locative plural)

[än̪ˈt̪ɛmnäe̯]

From ante (“in front”) + amnem (“river”).

An ancient city in Latium situated near Rome, just below the confluence of the Anio with the Tiber


Satricum

Satricum n sg (genitive Satricī); second declension

Satricī (genitive)
Satricum (nominative singular)
Satricī (genitive singular)
Satricō (dative singular)
Satricum (accusative singular)
Satricō (ablative singular)
Satricum (singular vocative)
Satricī (locative singular)

[ˈs̠ät̪rɪkʊ̃ˑ]

An ancient city in Latium situated between the Alban hills and the sea


Scaptia

Scaptia f sg (genitive Scaptiae); first declension

Scaptiae (genitive)
Scaptia (nominative singular)
Scaptiae (genitive singular)
Scaptiae (dative singular)
Scaptiam (accusative singular)
Scaptiā (ablative singular)
Scaptia (singular vocative)
Scaptiae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, disappeared at a very early period


Politorium

Polītōrium n sg (genitive Polītōriī or Polītōrī); second declension

Polītōrium (canonical neuter singular)
Polītōriī (genitive)
Polītōrī (genitive)
Polītōrium (nominative singular)
Polītōriī (genitive singular)
Polītōrī (genitive singular)
Polītōriō (dative singular)
Polītōrium (accusative singular)
Polītōriō (ablative singular)
Polītōrium (singular vocative)
Polītōriī (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Πολῑτώριον (Polītṓrion)

[pɔlʲiːˈt̪oːriʊ̃ˑ]

Named after Polites of Troy, its alleged founder.

An ancient city in Latium, destroyed at a very early period


Ficana

Fīcāna f sg (genitive Fīcānae); first declension

Fīcāna (canonical feminine singular)
Fīcānae (genitive)
Fīcāna (nominative singular)
Fīcānae (genitive singular)
Fīcānae (dative singular)
Fīcānam (accusative singular)
Fīcānā (ablative singular)
Fīcāna (singular vocative)
Fīcānae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, destroyed by Ancus Martius


Medullum

Medullum n sg (genitive Medullī); second declension

Medullī (genitive)
Medullum (nominative singular)
Medullī (genitive singular)
Medullō (dative singular)
Medullum (accusative singular)
Medullō (ablative singular)
Medullum (singular vocative)
Medullī (locative singular)

[mɛˈd̪ʊlːʲʊ̃ˑ]


Cameria

Cameria f sg (genitive Cameriae); first declension

Cameriae (genitive)
Cameria (nominative singular)
Cameriae (genitive singular)
Cameriae (dative singular)
Cameriam (accusative singular)
Cameriā (ablative singular)
Cameria (singular vocative)
Cameriae (locative singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Καμερία (Kamería)

An ancient city in Latium, mentioned in the early history of Rome


Collatia

Collātia f sg (genitive Collātiae); first declension

Collātia (canonical feminine singular)
Collātiae (genitive)
Collātia (nominative singular)
Collātiae (genitive singular)
Collātiae (dative singular)
Collātiam (accusative singular)
Collātiā (ablative singular)
Collātia (singular vocative)
Collātiae (locative singular)

[kɔlˈlʲäːt̪iä]

An ancient city in Latium, situated between Gabii and the river Anio


Artena

Artēna f sg (genitive Artēnae); first declension

Artēna (canonical feminine singular)
Artēnae (genitive)
Artēna (nominative singular)
Artēnae (genitive singular)
Artēnae (dative singular)
Artēnam (accusative singular)
Artēnā (ablative singular)
Artēna (singular vocative)
Artēnae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, sieged and captured by the Romans


Aesernia

Aesernia f sg (genitive Aeserniae); first declension

Aeserniae (genitive)
Aesernia (nominative singular)
Aeserniae (genitive singular)
Aeserniae (dative singular)
Aeserniam (accusative singular)
Aeserniā (ablative singular)
Aesernia (singular vocative)
Aeserniae (locative singular)

A city in Samnium, situated in the valley of the Vulturnus, now Isernia


Bubentum

Bubentum n sg (genitive Bubentī); second declension

Bubentī (genitive)
Bubentum (nominative singular)
Bubentī (genitive singular)
Bubentō (dative singular)
Bubentum (accusative singular)
Bubentō (ablative singular)
Bubentum (singular vocative)
Bubentī (locative singular)

[bʊˈbɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]


Apiolae

Apiolae f pl (genitive Apiolārum); first declension

Apiolārum (genitive)
Apiolae (nominative plural)
Apiolārum (genitive plural)
Apiolīs (dative plural)
Apiolās (accusative plural)
Apiolīs (ablative plural)
Apiolae (plural vocative)
Apiolīs (locative plural)

[äˈpiɔɫ̪äe̯]

An ancient city in Latium, besieged by Tarquinius Priscus


Buxentum

Buxentum n sg (genitive Buxentī); second declension

Buxentī (genitive)
Buxentum (nominative singular)
Buxentī (genitive singular)
Buxentō (dative singular)
Buxentum (accusative singular)
Buxentō (ablative singular)
Buxentum (singular vocative)
Buxentī (locative singular)

[bʊkˈs̠ɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

An ancient city in Lucania, now Policastro


Vibo

Vibō f sg (genitive Vibōnis); third declension

Vibō (canonical feminine singular)
Vibōnis (genitive)
Vibō (nominative singular)
Vibōnis (genitive singular)
Vibōnī (dative singular)
Vibōnem (accusative singular)
Vibōne (ablative singular)
Vibō (singular vocative)
Vibōnī (locative singular)
Vibōne (locative singular)


Hipponium

Hippōnium n sg (genitive Hippōniī or Hippōnī); second declension

Hippōnium (canonical neuter singular)
Hippōniī (genitive)
Hippōnī (genitive)
Hippōnium (nominative singular)
Hippōniī (genitive singular)
Hippōnī (genitive singular)
Hippōniō (dative singular)
Hippōnium (accusative singular)
Hippōniō (ablative singular)
Hippōnium (singular vocative)
Hippōniī (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Ἱππώνιον (Hippṓnion).

An important Greek city of Bruttium, called by the Romans Vibo


Clampetia

Clampetīa f sg (genitive Clampetīae); first declension

Clampetīa (canonical feminine singular)
Clampetīae (genitive)
Clampetīa (nominative singular)
Clampetīae (genitive singular)
Clampetīae (dative singular)
Clampetīam (accusative singular)
Clampetīā (ablative singular)
Clampetīa (singular vocative)
Clampetīae (locative singular)

[kɫ̪ämpɛˈt̪iːä]

From Ancient Greek Λαμπέτεια (Lampéteia).

A city in Bruttium situated between Blanda and Temesa


Terina

Terina f sg (genitive Terinae); first declension

Terinae (genitive)
Terina (nominative singular)
Terinae (genitive singular)
Terinae (dative singular)
Terinam (accusative singular)
Terinā (ablative singular)
Terina (singular vocative)
Terinae (locative singular)


Consentia

Cōnsentia f sg (genitive Cōnsentiae); first declension

Cōnsentia (canonical feminine singular)
Cōnsentiae (genitive)
Cōnsentia (nominative singular)
Cōnsentiae (genitive singular)
Cōnsentiae (dative singular)
Cōnsentiam (accusative singular)
Cōnsentiā (ablative singular)
Cōnsentia (singular vocative)
Cōnsentiae (locative singular)

[kõːˈs̠ɛn̪t̪iä]

An inland city in Bruttium situated on a hill rising above the valley of the Crathis, now Cosenza


Crathis

Crāthis m sg (genitive Crāthis); third declension

Crāthis (canonical masculine singular)
Crāthis (genitive)
Crāthis (nominative singular)
Crāthis (genitive singular)
Crāthī (dative singular)
Crāthem (accusative singular)
Crāthe (ablative singular)
Crāthis (singular vocative)

Italian: Crati

[ˈkräːt̪ʰɪs̠]

One of the most considerable rivers of Bruttium, which flows into the gulf of Tarentum, now Crati


Caulonia

Caulōnia f sg (genitive Caulōniae); first declension

Caulōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Caulōniae (genitive)
Caulōnia (nominative singular)
Caulōniae (genitive singular)
Caulōniae (dative singular)
Caulōniam (accusative singular)
Caulōniā (ablative singular)
Caulōnia (singular vocative)
Caulōniae (locative singular)

[käu̯ˈɫ̪oːniä]

A city on the east coast of Bruttium, situated near Locri


Petelia

Petēlia f sg (genitive Petēliae); first declension

Petēlia (canonical feminine singular)
Petēliae (genitive)
Petēlia (nominative singular)
Petēliae (genitive singular)
Petēliae (dative singular)
Petēliam (accusative singular)
Petēliā (ablative singular)
Petēlia (singular vocative)
Petēliae (locative singular)


Urgo

Urgō f sg (genitive Urgōnis); third declension

Urgō (canonical feminine singular)
Urgōnis (genitive)
Urgō (nominative singular)
Urgōnis (genitive singular)
Urgōnī (dative singular)
Urgōnem (accusative singular)
Urgōne (ablative singular)
Urgō (singular vocative)
Urgōnī (locative singular)
Urgōne (locative singular)

An island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, now Gorgona