Atina

la-proper noun

Atīna f sg (genitive Atīnae); first declension

Atīna (canonical feminine singular)
Atīnae (genitive)
Atīna (nominative singular)
Atīnae (genitive singular)
Atīnae (dative singular)
Atīnam (accusative singular)
Atīnā (ablative singular)
Atīna (singular vocative)
Atīnae (locative singular)

an ancient city of the Volscians in Latium in modern-day Italy, situated on a hill near the sources of the river Melpis, now Atina


Figenoiama

Borrowed from Japanese 富士(ふじ)の山(やま) (Fuji no Yama, “Mount Fuji”).

ja-r

[…]alter Figenoiama nomine, Leucarum aliquot aſcenſu trans nubes attolitur.

1589, Ioannes Petrus Maffeius, Historiarum Indicarum, volume XII, page 149:

[…] the other, Mount Fuji by name, is elevated above the clouds by an ascent of some leagues.

Inter montes duo cæteris præſtant, quorum vnus ſpectatæ altitudinis eſt, adeò vt etiam ipſas nubes magno interuallo ſuperet, qui ipſis Figenoiama vocatur[…]

1597, Giovanni Antonio Magini, Geographiae Cl. Ptolemaei Pars Secvnda, page 268:

Among the mountains two of them stand out, one of which is of considerable height, so much so that it surmounts even the clouds themselves at a great distance, which is called Mount Fuji […]

[…]alter Figenoiama dictus tantæ altitudinis eſt, vt etiam ipſas nubes altiſſimo interuallo ſuperet.

1628, Iohannes Ludovicus Gotofredus, Archontologia Cosmica, page 202:

[…] the other, called Mount Fuji, is of such height, that it surmounts even the clouds themselves at a great distance.

(New Latin) Mount Fuji (the highest mountain in Japan)


vicus

la-noun

vīcus m (genitive vīcī); second declension

vīcus (canonical masculine)
vīcī (genitive)
vīcus (nominative singular)
vīcī (nominative plural)
vīcī (genitive singular)
vīcōrum (genitive plural)
vīcō (dative singular)
vīcīs (dative plural)
vīcum (accusative singular)
vīcōs (accusative plural)
vīcō (ablative singular)
vīcīs (ablative plural)
vīce (singular vocative)
vīcī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: vico

Neapolitan: vico

Rhaeto-Romance:

Romansch: vitg

Gallo-Italic:

Lombard: vic (Alpine)

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: Vic (toponym)

desc

Old Occitan: bic (“hamlet, seat of jurisdiction”) (Gascon)

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: Vigo (toponym)

Borrowings:

Ancient:

→ Old Irish: fich

→ Proto-Brythonic:

Breton: gwig

Cornish: gwig

Welsh: gwig

→ Proto-West Germanic: *wīk (see there for further descendants)

Later:

→ English: vicus

→ Interlingua: vico

Inherited from Proto-Italic *weikos, from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- (“village”). Cognate of Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos, “house”), Sanskrit विश् (víś, “settlement, dwelling-space”), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃 (weihs, “village, place”), Etruscan 𐌅𐌉𐌊𐌖 (viku).

cog

street; quarter, neighbourhood; row of houses


Bohemia

la-proper noun

Bohēmia f sg (genitive Bohēmiae); first declension

Bohēmia (canonical feminine singular)
Bohēmiae (genitive)
Bohēmia (nominative singular)
Bohēmiae (genitive singular)
Bohēmiae (dative singular)
Bohēmiam (accusative singular)
Bohēmiā (ablative singular)
Bohēmia (singular vocative)
Bohaemia (alternative)
Boemia (alternative)
Boihemia (alternative)
Boihaemia (alternative)
*Boiohaemia (alternative)

→ English: Bohemia

→ French: Bohême

→ Italian: Boemia

→ Spanish: Bohemia

(Medieval Latin) Bohemia (a cultural region in the west of the former Czechoslovakia and present-day Czech Republic)


Corsica

Corsica f sg (genitive Corsicae); first declension

Corsicae (genitive)
Corsica (nominative singular)
Corsicae (genitive singular)
Corsicae (dative singular)
Corsicam (accusative singular)
Corsicā (ablative singular)
Corsica (singular vocative)
Corsicae (locative singular)

Catalan: Còrsega

Corsican: Corsica

French: Corse

Italian: Corsica

Romanian: Corsica

Portuguese: Córsega

Sicilian: Còrsica

Spanish: Córcega

→ English: Corsica

→ Byzantine Greek: Κορσική (Korsikḗ)

Greek: Κορσική (Korsikí)

→ Irish: An Chorsaic

→ Manx: Yn Chorsickey

→ Welsh: Corsica

Unknown, possibly from Ancient Ligurian or Etruscan.

administrative region
administrative region

Corsica (an island, department, and administrative region of France, in the Mediterranean to the north of Sardinia)


Japonia

Japonia f sg (genitive Japoniae); first declension

Japoniae (genitive)
Japonia (nominative singular)
Japoniae (genitive singular)
Japoniae (dative singular)
Japoniam (accusative singular)
Japoniā (ablative singular)
Japonia (singular vocative)

alternative spelling of Iaponia: Japan (a country and archipelago of East Asia)


Triton

Trītōn m (genitive Trītōnis); third declension

Trītōn (canonical masculine)
Trītōnis (genitive)

(Greek mythology) Triton (mythological sea god)


Triton

Trītōn (canonical masculine)
Trītōnis (genitive)
Trītōn (nominative singular)
Trītōnes (nominative plural)
Trītōnēs (nominative plural)
Trītōnis (genitive singular)
Trītōnos (genitive singular)
Trītōnum (genitive plural)
Trītōnī (dative singular)
Trītōnibus (dative plural)
Trītōna (accusative singular)
Trītōnem (accusative singular)
Trītōnas (accusative plural)
Trītōnēs (accusative plural)
Trītōne (ablative singular)
Trītōnibus (ablative plural)
Trītōn (singular vocative)
Trītōnes (plural vocative)
Trītōnēs (plural vocative)


Narnia

Nārnia f sg (genitive Nārniae); first declension

Nārnia (canonical feminine singular)
Nārniae (genitive)
Nārnia (nominative singular)
Nārniae (genitive singular)
Nārniae (dative singular)
Nārniam (accusative singular)
Nārniā (ablative singular)
Nārnia (singular vocative)
Nārniae (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Νάρνεια (Nárneia)

Italian: Narni


Prussia

Prūssia f sg (genitive Prūssiae); first declension

Prūssia (canonical feminine singular)
Prūssiae (genitive)
Prūssia (nominative singular)
Prūssiae (genitive singular)
Prūssiae (dative singular)
Prūssiam (accusative singular)
Prūssiā (ablative singular)
Prūssia (singular vocative)
Prūssiae (locative singular)

(historical) Prussia (a former duchy, kingdom and (after German unification in 1871) a province of Germany, existing from 1525 to 1947 in parts of modern Germany, Poland and Russia)


Verulamium

Verulamium n sg (genitive Verulamiī or Verulamī); second declension

Verulamiī (genitive)
Verulamī (genitive)
Verulamium (nominative singular)
Verulamiī (genitive singular)
Verulamī (genitive singular)
Verulamiō (dative singular)
Verulamium (accusative singular)
Verulamiō (ablative singular)
Verulamium (singular vocative)
Verulamiī (locative singular)

Of Celtic/Brythonic origin, reconstructed as *Uerulāmion, from Proto-Brythonic *Uerulāmos (“of the broad hand”) (compare *ɸlāmā (“hand, palm”).

der

a town in Britannia, Roman Empire, now St Albans, Hertfordshire, England, UK.


Tokio

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”).

ja-r

(New Latin) Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


Versaliae

la-proper noun

Versaliae f pl (genitive Versaliārum); first declension

Versaliārum (genitive)
Versaliae (nominative plural)
Versaliārum (genitive plural)
Versaliīs (dative plural)
Versaliās (accusative plural)
Versaliīs (ablative plural)
Versaliae (plural vocative)


aedis

la-noun

aedis f (genitive aedis); third declension

aedis (genitive)
aedis (nominative singular)
aedēs (nominative plural)
aedis (genitive singular)
aedium (genitive plural)
aedī (dative singular)
aedibus (dative plural)
aedem (accusative singular)
aedēs (accusative plural)
aedīs (accusative plural)
aede (ablative singular)
aedibus (ablative plural)
aedis (singular vocative)
aedēs (plural vocative)
aedēs (alternative)
ēdis (alternative Medieval-Latin)
edēs (alternative Medieval-Latin)

From Proto-Italic *aiðes, genitive of *aiss, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-s, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite; fire”).


Thesprotia

la-proper noun

Thesprōtia f sg (genitive Thesprōtiae); first declension

Thesprōtia (canonical feminine singular)
Thesprōtiae (genitive)
Thesprōtia (nominative singular)
Thesprōtiae (genitive singular)
Thesprōtiae (dative singular)
Thesprōtiam (accusative singular)
Thesprōtiā (ablative singular)
Thesprōtia (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θεσπρωτῐ́ᾱ (Thesprōtĭ́ā).

an ancient region of Epirus, in modern Greece


Cantabria

Cantabria f sg (genitive Cantabriae); first declension

Cantabriae (genitive)
Cantabria (nominative singular)
Cantabriae (genitive singular)
Cantabriae (dative singular)
Cantabriam (accusative singular)
Cantabriā (ablative singular)
Cantabria (singular vocative)

autonomous community
autonomous community

(New Latin) Cantabria (an autonomous community and province in northern Spain)


Rhenus

Rhēnus m sg (genitive Rhēnī); second declension

Rhēnus (canonical masculine singular)
Rhēnī (genitive)
Rhēnus (nominative singular)
Rhēnī (genitive singular)
Rhēnō (dative singular)
Rhēnum (accusative singular)
Rhēnō (ablative singular)
Rhēne (singular vocative)

Italian: Reno

Old Occitan: Ren

Catalan: Ren (archaic)

Occitan: Ren

→ Polish: Ren

Romansch: Rain, Ragn, Rein

Borrowed from Gaulish *Reinos (Proto-Celtic *reinos), built on Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to flow”).


Gaza

la-proper noun

Gaza f sg (genitive Gazae); first declension

Gazae (genitive)
Gaza (nominative singular)
Gazae (genitive singular)
Gazae (dative singular)
Gazam (accusative singular)
Gazā (ablative singular)
Gaza (singular vocative)
Gazae (locative singular)

English: Gaza

Italian: Gaza

Sicilian: Gazza

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γάζα (Gáza), from Biblical Hebrew עַזָּה ('Áza).

Gaza (the capital of the Gaza Strip, Palestine)


Phoenicia

Phoenīcia f sg (genitive Phoenīciae); first declension

Phoenīcia (canonical feminine singular)
Phoenīciae (genitive)
Phoenīcia (nominative singular)
Phoenīciae (genitive singular)
Phoenīciae (dative singular)
Phoenīciam (accusative singular)
Phoenīciā (ablative singular)
Phoenīcia (singular vocative)
Phoenīciae (locative singular)
Phoenīcē (alternative)
Phœnīcē (alternative)
Phœnīcia (alternative)

English: Phoenicia

From Ancient Greek Φοινίκη (Phoiníkē), from Φοῖνιξ (Phoînix, “Phoenician”), from Egyptian fnḫw (“Phoenicians”), f:n:x-w-V12:Z2

Phoenicia (an ancient region in coastal Western Asia, in modern Syria and Lebanon)


Sidon

Sīdōn f sg (genitive Sīdōnis); third declension

Sīdōn (canonical feminine singular)
Sīdōnis (genitive)
Sīdōn (nominative singular)
Sīdōnis (genitive singular)
Sīdōnī (dative singular)
Sīdōnem (accusative singular)
Sīdōne (ablative singular)
Sīdōn (singular vocative)
Sīdōnī (locative singular)
Sīdōne (locative singular)

English: Sidon

Catalan: Sidó

French: Sidon

Italian: Sidone

Ligurian: Sidón

Lombard: Sidun

Portuguese: Sídon

Romanian: Sidon

Sicilian: Siduni

Spanish: Sidón

From Ancient Greek Σιδών (Sidṓn), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤉𐤃𐤅𐤍 (ṣydwn).

Sidon (a city-state in Levant in Phoenicia) (a Phoenician city in modern Lebanon)


Gallia

Gallia f (genitive Galliae); first declension

Galliae (genitive)
Gallia (nominative singular)
Galliae (nominative plural)
Galliae (genitive singular)
Galliārum (genitive plural)
Galliae (dative singular)
Galliīs (dative plural)
Galliam (accusative singular)
Galliās (accusative plural)
Galliā (ablative singular)
Galliīs (ablative plural)
Gallia (singular vocative)
Galliae (plural vocative)
Galliae (locative singular)
Galliīs (locative plural)

French: Jaille

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Γᾰλλῐ́ᾱ (Găllĭ́ā)
Greek: Γαλλία (Gallía)
→ Aromanian: Galii

→ Catalan: Gàl·lia

→ Finnish: Gallia

→ Italian: Gallia

→ Japanese: ガリア

→ Portuguese: Gália

→ Romanian: Galia

→ Spanish: Galia

From Gallus (“a Gaul”) + -ia. The medieval application to Wales is by conflation.

(New Latin) France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


Minorca

Catalan: Menorca

English: Minorca

French: Minorque

Portuguese: Minorca

Spanish: Menorca

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Minorca (an island of the Balearic Islands, Spain, east of Mallorca)


Lydia

la-proper noun

Lȳdia f sg (genitive Lȳdiae); first declension

Lȳdia (canonical feminine singular)
Lȳdiae (genitive)
Lȳdia (nominative singular)
Lȳdiae (genitive singular)
Lȳdiae (dative singular)
Lȳdiam (accusative singular)
Lȳdiā (ablative singular)
Lȳdia (singular vocative)

(historical) Lydia (a historical region and ancient kingdom in western Asia Minor, in modern-day Turkey)


Dacia

Dācia f sg (genitive Dāciae); first declension

Dācia (canonical feminine singular)
Dāciae (genitive)
Dācia (nominative singular)
Dāciae (genitive singular)
Dāciae (dative singular)
Dāciam (accusative singular)
Dāciā (ablative singular)
Dācia (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Δάοι (Dáoi), Δάκοι (Dákoi), of long disputed origin and meaning; see Dacians. Some writers used the tribe name Getae to describe them.

Dacia (an ancient region and former kingdom located in the area now known as Romania. The Dacian kingdom was conquered by the Romans and later named Romania after them)


Dacia

Same as 1, used instead of Dania because of the similar sound.


Chimaera

Chimaera f sg (genitive Chimaerae); first declension

Chimaerae (genitive)
Chimaera (nominative singular)
Chimaerae (genitive singular)
Chimaerae (dative singular)
Chimaeram (accusative singular)
Chimaerā (ablative singular)
Chimaera (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Χίμαιρα (Khímaira, “fire-breathing Lycian monster, fire-spewing Lycian or Cilician mountain”), from χίμαιρα (khímaira, “she-goat”).

bor

Mount Chimera (a mountain in Cilicia or Lycia, modern Turkey)

(historical) an ancient region in modern Albania, Himarë

Ceraunian Mountains
Ceraunian Mountains#English

(historical) the Ceraunian Mountains (a mountain range in Albania)


Caledonia

la-proper noun

Calēdonia f sg (genitive Calēdoniae); first declension

Calēdonia (canonical feminine singular)
Calēdoniae (genitive)
Calēdonia (nominative singular)
Calēdoniae (genitive singular)
Calēdoniae (dative singular)
Calēdoniam (accusative singular)
Calēdoniā (ablative singular)
Calēdonia (singular vocative)

Catalan: Caledònia

→ English: Caledonia

Spanish: Caledonia

From Calēdonēs + -ia, probably ultimately of Celtic origin, possibly from Proto-Celtic *kaletos (“hard”) (<< Proto-Indo-European *kal-) + *ɸēdo- (“foot”) (<< Proto-Indo-European *pṓds).

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Guiana

Guiāna f sg (genitive Guiānae); first declension

Guiāna (canonical feminine singular)
Guiānae (genitive)
Guiāna (nominative singular)
Guiānae (genitive singular)
Guiānae (dative singular)
Guiānam (accusative singular)
Guiānā (ablative singular)
Guiāna (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Guyana (a country in South America)


Lusitania

Lūsītānia f sg (genitive Lūsītāniae); first declension

Lūsītānia (canonical feminine singular)
Lūsītāniae (genitive)

English: Lusitania

Spanish: Lusitania

From lūsītānus + -ia, named after the Lusitanians, a Indo-European tribe of the Iberian peninsula (from Paleo-Hispanic). The name's origin is uncertain but it is generally agreed that the tribe converged with a heavy Celtic (possibly Celtiberian) influence.

A province of Roman Hispania, covering what is now southern Portugal and parts of western Spain such as Extremadura.

(New Latin) Portugal (a country in Western Europe)


Canopus

Canōpus m sg (genitive Canōpī); second declension

Canōpus (canonical masculine singular)
Canōpī (genitive)
Canōpus (nominative singular)
Canōpī (genitive singular)
Canōpō (dative singular)
Canōpum (accusative singular)
Canōpō (ablative singular)
Canōpe (singular vocative)
Canōpī (locative singular)
Canōbus (alternative)

→ English: Canopus (learned)

From Ancient Greek Κάνωπος (Kánōpos, “Canopus”), Κάνωβος (Kánōbos, “Canobus”). Possibly Arabic جَنُوب (janūb, “south”) is cognate; compare the southeastern wall of the Kaaba pointing to the star and bearing the name جَنُوب (janūb).

der

Canopus (an ancient coastal city in northern Egypt, known for extravagance)


Babylonia

la-proper noun

Babylōnia f sg (genitive Babylōniae); first declension

Babylōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Babylōniae (genitive)
Babylōnia (nominative singular)
Babylōniae (genitive singular)
Babylōniae (dative singular)
Babylōniam (accusative singular)
Babylōniā (ablative singular)
Babylōnia (singular vocative)
Babylōniae (locative singular)

Catalan: Babilònia

→ English: Babylonia

Italian: Babilonia

Sicilian: Vavilugna, Babbilùnia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía), derived from Βαβυλών (Babulṓn, “Babylon”).

(historical) Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates)


Assyria

Assyria f sg (genitive Assyriae); first declension

Assyriae (genitive)
Assyria (nominative singular)
Assyriae (genitive singular)
Assyriae (dative singular)
Assyriam (accusative singular)
Assyriā (ablative singular)
Assyria (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Assíria

→ Czech: Asýrie

→ Danish: Assyrien

→ Dutch: Assyrië

→ English: Assyria

Tok Pisin: Asiria

→ Hawaiian: ʻAkulia

→ Finnish: Assyria

→ French: Assyrie

→ German: Assyrien

→ Hungarian: Asszíria

→ Irish: Aisiria

→ Italian: Assiria

→ Japanese: アッシリア (Asshiria)

→ Polish: Asyria

→ Portuguese: Assíria

→ Russian: Ассирия (Assirija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Асирија

Latin script: Asirija

→ Slovak: Asýria

→ Spanish: Asiria

→ Swahili: Assyrien

→ Ukrainian: Асси́рія (Assýrija)

From Ancient Greek Ἀσσυρία (Assuría), from Akkadian 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”), its original capital.

(historical) Assyria (an ancient Semitic Akkadian kingdom and at times an empire, extant from the mid-23rd century BCE to 608 BCE and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq, but at its maximum extent including parts of modern Iran, Syria, Israel, Palestine and Egypt))


Parthia

Parthia f sg (genitive Parthiae); first declension

Parthiae (genitive)
Parthia (nominative singular)
Parthiae (genitive singular)
Parthiae (dative singular)
Parthiam (accusative singular)
Parthiā (ablative singular)
Parthia (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Παρθία (Parthía), possibly from Old Persian 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 (Parθava).


Asmara

Āsmara f sg (genitive Āsmarae); first declension

Āsmara (canonical feminine singular)
Āsmarae (genitive)
Āsmara (nominative singular)
Āsmarae (genitive singular)
Āsmarae (dative singular)
Āsmaram (accusative singular)
Āsmarā (ablative singular)
Āsmara (singular vocative)
Āsmarae (locative singular)


Ancyra

Ancȳra f sg (genitive Ancȳrae); first declension

Ancȳra (canonical feminine singular)
Ancȳrae (genitive)
Ancȳra (nominative singular)
Ancȳrae (genitive singular)
Ancȳrae (dative singular)
Ancȳram (accusative singular)
Ancȳrā (ablative singular)
Ancȳra (singular vocative)
Ancȳrae (locative singular)

English: Ancyra

French: Ancyre

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄγκῡρα (Ánkūra).


Scotia

Scōtia f sg (genitive Scōtiae); first declension

Scōtia (canonical feminine singular)
Scōtiae (genitive)
Scōtia (nominative singular)
Scōtiae (genitive singular)
Scōtiae (dative singular)
Scōtiam (accusative singular)
Scōtiā (ablative singular)
Scōtia (singular vocative)

Albanian: Skocia

Catalan: Escòcia

desctree

Old French: Escoce, Escouce
Middle French: Escosse
French: Écosse

Galician: Escocia

Italian: Scozia

Norman: Êcosse

Old Galician-Portuguese: Escoça

Portuguese: Escócia

Romanian: Scoția

Sicilian: Scozzia

Spanish: Escocia

Ireland (an island and country in Northern Europe)


Doris

la-proper noun

Dōris f sg (genitive Dōridis); third declension

Dōris (canonical feminine singular)
Dōridis (genitive)
Dōris (nominative singular)
Dōridis (genitive singular)
Dōridī (dative singular)
Dōridem (accusative singular)
Dōride (ablative singular)
Dōris (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δωρίς (Dōrís).

Doris (an ancient region of Asia Minor, modern Turkey, inhabited by the ancient Dorians)


Samosata

Samosata n pl (genitive Samosatōrum); second declension

Samosatōrum (genitive)
Samosata (nominative plural)
Samosatōrum (genitive plural)
Samosatīs (dative plural)
Samosata (accusative plural)
Samosatīs (ablative plural)
Samosata (plural vocative)
Samosatīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σαμόσατα (Samósata).

an ancient city in southeast Anatolia, in modern Turkey, located near the banks of the Euphrates; modern Samsat


Bononia

Bonōnia f sg (genitive Bonōniae); first declension

Bonōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Bonōniae (genitive)
Bonōnia (nominative singular)
Bonōniae (genitive singular)
Bonōniae (dative singular)
Bonōniam (accusative singular)
Bonōniā (ablative singular)
Bonōnia (singular vocative)
Bonōniae (locative singular)
Bolōnia (alternative Late-Latin)

Emilian: Bulåggna

Old French: Boloigne, Bouloigne

French: Bologne, Boulogne

Picard: Boulonne

desctree

→ Middle English: Boloyne, Boleyne, Boloigne
English: Boulogne (pronunciation remodelled after modern French); Boleyn
→ Middle Welsh: Bwlwyn

Italian: Bologna

Sicilian: Bulogna

→⇒ English: bononian

→? Polish: Bolonia

→ Spanish: Bolonia

From the Celtic word for “settlement”; compare Gaulish *bona (“foundation, fortress”) << Proto-Celtic *bonus (“foundation”) and Boii, the Latin name of the Gaulish people who occupied the region c. 4th century BC.


Kenia

la-proper noun

Kenia f sg (genitive Keniae); first declension

Keniae (genitive)
Kenia (nominative singular)
Keniae (genitive singular)
Keniae (dative singular)
Keniam (accusative singular)
Keniā (ablative singular)
Kenia (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Kenya (a country in East Africa)


Vesuvius

Vesuvius m sg (genitive Vesuviī or Vesuvī); second declension

Vesuviī (genitive)
Vesuvī (genitive)
Vesuvius (nominative singular)
Vesuviī (genitive singular)
Vesuvī (genitive singular)
Vesuviō (dative singular)
Vesuvium (accusative singular)
Vesuviō (ablative singular)
Vesuvī (singular vocative)
Vesēvus (alternative)
Vesaevus (alternative)
Vesvius (alternative)
Vesbius (alternative)

→ English: Vesuvius

→ Italian: Vesuvio

→ Portuguese: Vesúvio

→ Polish: Wezuwiusz

→ Russian: Везу́вий (Vezúvij)

→ Armenian: Վեզուվ (Vezuv)

→ Romanian: Vezuviu

→ Sicilian: Visuvi

→ Spanish: Vesubio

Of uncertain origin; however, proposed derivations include:
* Latin vē- + Ancient Greek σβέ(ννῡμῐ) (sbé(nnūmĭ), “to be quenched; to go out”)
* Oscan 𐌚𐌄𐌔𐌚 (fesf, “steam; smoke”)
* Proto-Celtic *ves (“mountain”)


Corea

la-proper noun

Corēa f sg (genitive Corēae); first declension

Corēa (canonical feminine singular)
Corēae (genitive)
Corēa (nominative singular)
Corēae (genitive singular)
Corēae (dative singular)
Corēam (accusative singular)
Corēā (ablative singular)
Corēa (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Korea (two countries of East Asia, North Korea and South Korea; the peninsula containing these two countries)


Novum Eboracum

Novum Eborācum n sg (genitive Novī Eborācī); second declension

Novum Eborācum (canonical neuter singular)
Novī Eborācī (genitive)
Novum Eborācum (nominative singular)
Novī Eborācī (genitive singular)
Novō Eborācō (dative singular)
Novum Eborācum (accusative singular)
Novō Eborācō (ablative singular)
Novum Eborācum (singular vocative)
Novī Eborācī (locative singular)

Calque of English New York, from novum (“new”) + Eborācum (“York”).

(New Latin) New York, New York City (the largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey)

(New Latin) New York (a state of the United States)


Memphis

Memphis f sg (genitive Memphidos or Memphis); third declension

Memphidos (genitive)
Memphis (genitive)
Memphis (nominative singular)
Memphidos (genitive singular)
Memphis (genitive singular)
Memphidī (dative singular)
Memphī (dative singular)
Memphida (accusative singular)
Memphim (accusative singular)
Memphin (accusative singular)
Memphide (ablative singular)
Memphe (ablative singular)
Memphis (singular vocative)
Memphi (singular vocative)
Memphidī (locative singular)
Memphide (locative singular)
Memphī (locative singular)
Memphe (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Μέμφις (Mémphis), from Egyptian mn-nfr.


Norwegia

Norwegia f sg (genitive Norwegiae); first declension

Norwegiae (genitive)
Norwegia (nominative singular)
Norwegiae (genitive singular)
Norwegiae (dative singular)
Norwegiam (accusative singular)
Norwegiā (ablative singular)
Norwegia (singular vocative)

Et præterea omnes probi homines de Scotia ſunt jurati propinquiori de ſanguine Regis Alexandri, qui ultimo obiit, qui de jure hæreditare debebit, ſi dicta Margareta filia Regis Norwegiæ ſine hærede de corpore ſuo obiret.

c. 14th–15th century, Antiquæ Constitutiones Regni Angliæ, sub Regibus Joanne, Henrico Tertio, et Edoardo Primo, circa Jurisdictionem et Potestatem Ecclesiasticam, London, published 1672, page 517:

alternative form of Norvegia: Norway (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Dania

Dānia f sg (genitive Dāniae); first declension

Dānia (canonical feminine singular)
Dāniae (genitive)
Dānia (nominative singular)
Dāniae (genitive singular)
Dāniae (dative singular)
Dāniam (accusative singular)
Dāniā (ablative singular)
Dānia (singular vocative)

→ Greek: Δανία (Danía)

→ Hungarian: Dánia

→ Polish: Dania

(Medieval Latin) Denmark (a country in Northern Europe)


Albanus

Albānus m sg (genitive Albānī); second declension

Albānus (canonical masculine singular)
Albānī (genitive)
Albānus (nominative singular)
Albānī (genitive singular)
Albānō (dative singular)
Albānum (accusative singular)
Albānō (ablative singular)
Albāne (singular vocative)
Albānī (locative singular)

Galician: Albán

Portuguese: Alvão, Albão

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀλβᾰνός (Albănós)
Greek: Αλβανός (Alvanós, now means Albanian)

Unknown. Suggested as derived from a Western European root *alb- found in various place names, perhaps also the source of Alpes, and/or from a Proto-Indo-European root *alb- (“mountain”) (see *h₂el- (“to rise, be tall”)), or from Proto-Celtic *albo-, *albiyū (“upper realm, world; mountain, Alps”) (whence also Albion). .
It is believed that they are related to the modern nation of the Albanians.
While it has been identified with the Zgërdhesh hill-fort near Krujë in northern Albania, scholars believe the Illyrian settlement was abandoned in the 2nd century BC, when the inhabitants moved to Durrës and Lezhë.
Possibly related to arbën from Proto-Albanian *arwā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rh₃ (“arable land, soil”); compare *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”)

der

a river in Albania, now probably the Samur River


Apia

la-proper noun

Apia f sg (genitive Apiae); first declension

Apiae (genitive)
Apia (nominative singular)
Apiae (genitive singular)
Apiae (dative singular)
Apiam (accusative singular)
Apiā (ablative singular)
Apia (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ᾰ̓πῐ́ᾱ (Ăpĭ́ā).

the ancient name of Peloponnesus, a peninsula and region of Greece


Sparta

Sparta f sg (genitive Spartae); first declension

Spartae (genitive)
Sparta (nominative singular)
Spartae (genitive singular)
Spartae (dative singular)
Spartam (accusative singular)
Spartā (ablative singular)
Sparta (singular vocative)
Spartae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σπάρτη (Spártē).


Cappadocia

Cappadocia f sg (genitive Cappadociae); first declension

Cappadociae (genitive)
Cappadocia (nominative singular)
Cappadociae (genitive singular)
Cappadociae (dative singular)
Cappadociam (accusative singular)
Cappadociā (ablative singular)
Cappadocia (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Καππαδοκία (Kappadokía), from Old Persian 𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣 (k-t-p-tu-u-k /katpatuka/).

der

Cappadocia (a historical region and ancient kingdom in central Asia Minor, in present-day Turkey)

Cappadocia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 18 AD until the 7th century)


Moldavia

la-proper noun

Moldavia f sg (genitive Moldaviae); first declension

Moldaviae (genitive)
Moldavia (nominative singular)
Moldaviae (genitive singular)
Moldaviae (dative singular)
Moldaviam (accusative singular)
Moldaviā (ablative singular)
Moldavia (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Moldova (a country in Eastern Europe)


Dalmatia

Dalmatia f sg (genitive Dalmatiae); first declension

Dalmatiae (genitive)
Dalmatia (nominative singular)
Dalmatiae (genitive singular)
Dalmatiae (dative singular)
Dalmatiam (accusative singular)
Dalmatiā (ablative singular)
Dalmatia (singular vocative)
Delmatia (alternative)

Catalan: Dalmàcia

Dalmatian: Dalmazia

French: Dalmatie

Italian: Dalmazia

Portuguese: Dalmácia

Romagnol: Dalmàzia

Romanian: Dalmația

Spanish: Dalmacia

Dalmatia (a historical region of Croatia, on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea)

(historical) Dalmatia (a province of the Roman Empire)


aedicula

la-noun

aedicula f (genitive aediculae); first declension

aediculae (genitive)
aedicula (nominative singular)
aediculae (nominative plural)
aediculae (genitive singular)
aediculārum (genitive plural)
aediculae (dative singular)
aediculīs (dative plural)
aediculam (accusative singular)
aediculās (accusative plural)
aediculā (ablative singular)
aediculīs (ablative plural)
aedicula (singular vocative)
aediculae (plural vocative)

→ English: aedicula

→ Portuguese: edícula

Italian: edicola

Spanish: edículo

Diminutive from aedēs (“a dwelling, sanctuary”) + -cula.


Creta

la-proper noun

Crēta f sg (genitive Crētae); first declension

Crēta (canonical feminine singular)
Crētae (genitive)
Crēta (nominative singular)
Crētae (genitive singular)
Crētae (dative singular)
Crētam (accusative singular)
Crētā (ablative singular)
Crēta (singular vocative)
Crētae (locative singular)

Catalan: Creta

→ English: Crete

Italian: Creta

→ Welsh: Creta


Hafnia

Hafnia f sg (genitive Hafniae); first declension

Hafniae (genitive)
Hafnia (nominative singular)
Hafniae (genitive singular)
Hafniae (dative singular)
Hafniam (accusative singular)
Hafniā (ablative singular)
Hafnia (singular vocative)
Hafniae (locative singular)
Haunia (alternative)
Havnia (alternative)

From Late Old Norse hǫfn (“harbour, port”) or Old Danish hafn (“harbour, port”); from Kaupmannahǫfn.


Sina

Sīna f sg (genitive Sīnae); first declension

Sīna (canonical feminine singular)
Sīnae (genitive)
Sīna (nominative singular)
Sīnae (genitive singular)
Sīnae (dative singular)
Sīnam (accusative singular)
Sīnā (ablative singular)
Sīna (singular vocative)

English: Sino-

French: sino-

Italian: sino-

Portuguese: sino-

Sicilian: sinu-

Spanish: sino-

From Ancient Greek Σῖναι (Sînai) of uncertain etymology, but possibly via Arabic صِين (Ṣīn, “China”) + -αι (-ai), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (čīn, “China”), from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna, “China”), and usually held to derive from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “Qin”). See "Names of China" at Wikipedia. Doublet of Sinae and Chinae.

synonym of Sinae, China (a country in East Asia)

(uncommon) synonym of Changanum, former name of Siganum (= Xi'an): the former capital of China


Sina

Sīna (canonical feminine singular)
Sīnae (genitive)
Sīna (nominative singular)
Sīnae (genitive singular)
Sīnae (dative singular)
Sīnam (accusative singular)
Sīnā (ablative singular)
Sīna (singular vocative)
Sīnai (alternative)
Syna (alternative)

From Ancient Greek Σινάι (Sinái), itself from Biblical Hebrew סִינַי (Sináy).

a peninsula in eastern Egypt, bordering Asia.


Sinae

Sīnae f pl (genitive Sīnārum); first declension

Sīnae (canonical feminine plural)
Sīnārum (genitive)
Sīnae (nominative plural)
Sīnārum (genitive plural)
Sīnīs (dative plural)
Sīnās (accusative plural)
Sīnīs (ablative plural)
Sīnae (plural vocative)
Chinae (alternative New-Latin)

English: Sinae, Sinaean, Sinaic, Sinese

From Ancient Greek Σῖναι (Sînai) of uncertain etymology, but probably from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna, “China”), possibly via Arabic صِين (Ṣīn, “China; the Chinese”) and usually held to derive from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “Qin”). See "Names of China" at Wikipedia. Doublet of Sina.

Seres

as known to the ancient Greeks and Romans

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(New Latin) China (a country in East Asia, either the Republic or People's Republic of China)


Byzantium

Bȳzantium n sg (genitive Bȳzantiī or Bȳzantī); second declension

Bȳzantium (canonical neuter singular)
Bȳzantiī (genitive)
Bȳzantī (genitive)
Bȳzantium (nominative singular)
Bȳzantiī (genitive singular)
Bȳzantī (genitive singular)
Bȳzantiō (dative singular)
Bȳzantium (accusative singular)
Bȳzantiō (ablative singular)
Bȳzantium (singular vocative)
Bȳzantiī (locative singular)
Bȳzantion (alternative)
Bīzantium (alternative Medieval-Latin)

Asturian: Bizanciu

Catalan: Bizanci

French: Byzance

Galician: Bizancio

Irish: Biosáint

Italian: Bisanzio

Portuguese: Bizâncio

Romanian: Bizanț, Bizanțiu

Spanish: Bizancio

Welsh: Bisantiwm

From Ancient Greek Βυζάντιον (Buzántion).

(historical) Byzantium (an ancient Greek city situated on the Bosporus in modern Turkey, renamed Constantinople in 330 C.E.; modern Istanbul)


Botsuana

Botsuāna f sg (genitive Botsuānae); first declension

Botsuāna (canonical feminine singular)
Botsuānae (genitive)
Botsuāna (nominative singular)
Botsuānae (genitive singular)
Botsuānae (dative singular)
Botsuānam (accusative singular)
Botsuānā (ablative singular)
Botsuāna (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Botswana (a country in Southern Africa)


Genua

Genua f sg (genitive Genuae); first declension

Genuae (genitive)
Genua (nominative singular)
Genuae (genitive singular)
Genuae (dative singular)
Genuam (accusative singular)
Genuā (ablative singular)
Genua (singular vocative)
Genuae (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Γένουα (Génoua)

Italian: Genova

Padanian:

Old Ligurian: Ziéna, Zenoa

Ligurian: Zena

Piedmontese: Génoa, Zénoa, Zena

Old French: Jannes

Middle French: jean (fustian)

French: Gênes, jeans

Middle English: Gene (fustian), Geayne

English: jeans

Probably from the Ancient Ligurian word for "knee", from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénw-eh₂ (“knee”), a derivative of *ǵónu, in this sense "angle," from its geographical position, thus akin to Geneva.

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, in modern Italy)

Genoa (a metropolitan city of Liguria, in modern Italy)


Groenlandia

Groenlandia f sg (genitive Groenlandiae); first declension

Groenlandiae (genitive)
Groenlandia (nominative singular)
Groenlandiae (genitive singular)
Groenlandiae (dative singular)
Groenlandiam (accusative singular)
Groenlandiā (ablative singular)
Groenlandia (singular vocative)
Grœnlandia (alternative)
Grönlandia (alternative)

(New Latin) Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


Hibernia

Hī̆bernia f sg (genitive Hī̆berniae); first declension

Hī̆bernia (canonical feminine singular)
Hī̆berniae (genitive)
Hī̆bernia (nominative singular)
Hī̆berniae (genitive singular)
Hī̆berniae (dative singular)
Hī̆berniam (accusative singular)
Hī̆berniā (ablative singular)
Hī̆bernia (singular vocative)
Hī̆berniae (locative singular)
Īvernia (alternative)
Ī̆uverna (alternative)
Ibernia (alternative Medieval-Latin)

Earlier Īvernia, borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰ̄έρνη (Īérnē), Ἰ̄ουερνία (Īouernía), Ἱ̄βερνία (Hībernía), borrowed from Primitive Irish *Īweriū and its genitive *Īweriyonah (whence probably Irish Éire), from Proto-Celtic *Φīweriyū.
Initial H due to the influence of hībernus (“wintry”).

(historical) Ireland (an island and country in northwestern Europe)


Thermopylae

Thermopylae f pl (genitive Thermopylārum); first declension

Thermopylārum (genitive)
Thermopylae (nominative plural)
Thermopylārum (genitive plural)
Thermopylīs (dative plural)
Thermopylās (accusative plural)
Thermopylīs (ablative plural)
Thermopylae (plural vocative)
Thermopylīs (locative plural)

→ English: Thermopylae

From Ancient Greek Θερμοπύλαι (Thermopúlai).

Thermopylae (a narrow mountain pass in east-central Greece, site of a famous ancient battle)


Heliopolis

Hēliopolis f sg (genitive Hēliopolis or Hēliopoleos or Hēliopolios); third declension

Hēliopolis (canonical feminine singular)
Hēliopolis (genitive)
Hēliopoleos (genitive)
Hēliopolios (genitive)
Hēliopolis (nominative singular)
Hēliopolis (genitive singular)
Hēliopoleos (genitive singular)
Hēliopolios (genitive singular)
Hēliopolī (dative singular)
Hēliopolim (accusative singular)
Hēliopolin (accusative singular)
Hēliopolī (ablative singular)
Hēliopolis (singular vocative)
Hēliopolī (singular vocative)
Hēliopolī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἡλιούπολις (Hēlioúpolis, “city of the sun”).

bor

Heliopolis (an ancient city in Lower Egypt, near modern Cairo, Egypt)


Cambria

la-proper noun

Cambria f sg (genitive Cambriae); first declension

Cambriae (genitive)
Cambria (nominative singular)
Cambriae (genitive singular)
Cambriae (dative singular)
Cambriam (accusative singular)
Cambriā (ablative singular)
Cambria (singular vocative)
Cambriae (locative singular)
Kambria (alternative)

Geoffrey of Monmouth
The English Historical Review
la:Cambria

Borrowed from Middle Welsh Kymry (modern Cymru, Cymry). First attested in, and likely coined by, Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1136).

(New Latin) Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Suecia

Suecia f sg (genitive Sueciae); first declension

Sueciae (genitive)
Suecia (nominative singular)
Sueciae (genitive singular)
Sueciae (dative singular)
Sueciam (accusative singular)
Sueciā (ablative singular)
Suecia (singular vocative)
Svecia (alternative)
Suetia (alternative)
Svetia (alternative)
Suedia (alternative)
Svedia (alternative)

(Medieval Latin) Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Lituania

Lituānia f sg (genitive Lituāniae); first declension

Lituānia (canonical feminine singular)
Lituāniae (genitive)
Lituānia (nominative singular)
Lituāniae (genitive singular)
Lituāniae (dative singular)
Lituāniam (accusative singular)
Lituāniā (ablative singular)
Lituānia (singular vocative)
Lithuania (alternative)
Littuania (alternative)
Litthuania (alternative)

Lituānī (“Lithuanians”) + -ia, from Proto-Slavic *litъva, ultimately from Baltic. First known attestation of the root in Latin is in 1009 as Litua. The h-variants may be influenced by German, where the name formerly appeared also as Lithauen and Litthauen.

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe)


Croton

Crotōn f sg (genitive Crotōnis); third declension

Crotōn (canonical feminine singular)
Crotōnis (genitive)
Crotōn (nominative singular)
Crotōnis (genitive singular)
Crotōnī (dative singular)
Crotōnem (accusative singular)
Crotōne (ablative singular)
Crotōn (singular vocative)
Crotōnī (locative singular)
Crotōne (locative singular)
Crotōna (alternative)


Berenice

Berenīcē f sg (genitive Berenīcēs); first declension

Berenīcē (canonical feminine singular)
Berenīcēs (genitive)
Berenīcē (nominative singular)
Berenīcēs (genitive singular)
Berenīcae (dative singular)
Berenīcēn (accusative singular)
Berenīcē (ablative singular)
Berenīcē (singular vocative)
Berenīcēs (locative singular)
Bernīcē (alternative)
Beronīcē (alternative)

⇒ Late Latin: Veronīca (see there for further descendants)

→ Basque: Berenize

→ Catalan: Berenice

→ Czech: Berenika

→ Dutch: Berenice

→ English: Berenice

→ Estonian: Berenike

→ Finnish: Berenike

→ French: Bérénice

→ Wolof: Berenis

→ German: Berenike

→ Hungarian: Bereniké

→ Irish: Beirnicé

→ Italian: Berenice

→ Norwegian: Berenike

→ Occitan: Berenice

→ Polish: Berenika

→ Portuguese: Berenice

→ Russian: Вереника (Verenika)

→ Spanish: Berenice

→ Swedish: Berenike


Snelandia

Snēlandia f sg (genitive Snēlandiae); first declension

Snēlandia (canonical feminine singular)
Snēlandiae (genitive)
Snēlandia (nominative singular)
Snēlandiae (genitive singular)
Snēlandiae (dative singular)
Snēlandiam (accusative singular)
Snēlandiā (ablative singular)
Snēlandia (singular vocative)

From the Icelandic word Snæland (“Iceland”).

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

(New Latin) Iceland (an island and country in the North Atlantic Ocean in Europe)


Upsala

Upsala f sg (genitive Upsalae); first declension

Upsalae (genitive)
Upsala (nominative singular)
Upsalae (genitive singular)
Upsalae (dative singular)
Upsalam (accusative singular)
Upsalā (ablative singular)
Upsala (singular vocative)
Upsalae (locative singular)


Cilicia

Cilicia f sg (genitive Ciliciae); first declension

Ciliciae (genitive)
Cilicia (nominative singular)
Ciliciae (genitive singular)
Ciliciae (dative singular)
Ciliciam (accusative singular)
Ciliciā (ablative singular)
Cilicia (singular vocative)
Ciliciae (locative singular)

Translingual: Cilicia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κιλικία (Kilikía).

bor+

Cilicia (an ancient region in southeastern Asia Minor in modern Turkey, famed for cilice, i.e. haircloth made from the hair of Cilician goats)


Kalevala

la-proper noun

Kalevala f sg (genitive Kalevalae); first declension

Kalevalae (genitive)
Kalevala (nominative singular)
Kalevalae (genitive singular)
Kalevalae (dative singular)
Kalevalam (accusative singular)
Kalevalā (ablative singular)
Kalevala (singular vocative)

Kalevalsky District
Kalevalsky District#English

Republic of Karelia
Republic of Karelia#English

an urban-type settlement, the administrative capital of the Kalevalsky District, Republic of Karelia, in northwestern Russia; also historically known as Uhtua.


Maiorca

Mallorca, Majorca (an island in the Mediterranean; largest of the Balearic Islands)


Sequana

Sēquana f sg or m sg (genitive Sēquanae); first declension

Sēquana (canonical feminine masculine singular)
Sēquanae (genitive)
Sēquana (nominative singular)
Sēquanae (genitive singular)
Sēquanae (dative singular)
Sēquanam (accusative singular)
Sēquanā (ablative singular)
Sēquana (singular vocative)

Late Latin: Sēcona, Sēgona

French: Seine

desctree

→ Proto-West Germanic: *Sīganu, *Sīgunu
Old English: Sīgen
Old Saxon: Sīgana
Old High German: Sīgona, Sīgana

Sicilian: Sigona

Of Celtic origin, the river name is from Gaulish Sequana, a water goddess later incorporated into Gallo-Roman culture. The name's origin is uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour, spill, trickle”). However, since Gaulish was largely a P-Celtic language, the q may not represent Indo-European -kʷ- but rather an original form like *Sek-ooana-. Therefore, the Gaulish name could be from a pre-Celtic hydronym.

der

The Seine (a major river in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Grand Est, Île-de-France and Normandy regions, France)


synagoga

la-noun

synagōga f (genitive synagōgae); first declension

synagōga (canonical feminine)
synagōgae (genitive)
synagōga (nominative singular)
synagōgae (nominative plural)
synagōgae (genitive singular)
synagōgārum (genitive plural)
synagōgae (dative singular)
synagōgīs (dative plural)
synagōgam (accusative singular)
synagōgās (accusative plural)
synagōgā (ablative singular)
synagōgīs (ablative plural)
synagōga (singular vocative)
synagōgae (plural vocative)

Asturian: sinagoga

Catalan: sinagoga

Galician: sinagoga

Italian: sinagoga

desctree

Ladino: esnoga, eznoga
→ Judeo-Arabic: שנוגא (šnūġa) (Algiers, Tlemcen, Morocco)
→ Dutch: snoge
→ Papiamentu: znoa

Old French: synagoge

French: synagogue

→ German: Synagoge

→ Middle Dutch: sinagoge

Dutch: synagoge
Afrikaans: sinagoge

→ Middle English: synagoge
English: synagogue
→ Middle Welsh: synagoc
Welsh: synagog

Portuguese: sinagoga

Romanian: sinagogă

Spanish: sinagoga

→ Esperanto: sinagogo

→ Hungarian: zsinagóga


Singapura

la-proper noun

Singapura f sg (genitive Singapurae); first declension

Singapurae (genitive)
Singapura (nominative singular)
Singapurae (genitive singular)
Singapurae (dative singular)
Singapuram (accusative singular)
Singapurā (ablative singular)
Singapura (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))


Finnia

Finnia f sg (genitive Finniae); first declension

Finniae (genitive)
Finnia (nominative singular)
Finniae (genitive singular)
Finniae (dative singular)
Finniam (accusative singular)
Finniā (ablative singular)
Finnia (singular vocative)

From Old Norse Finnr or a descendant term.

(New Latin) Finland (a country in Northern Europe)


Birmania

Birmania f sg (genitive Birmaniae); first declension

Birmaniae (genitive)
Birmania (nominative singular)
Birmaniae (genitive singular)
Birmaniae (dative singular)
Birmaniam (accusative singular)
Birmaniā (ablative singular)
Birmania (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Myanmar (a country in Southeast Asia)


Terra Nova

Terra Nova f sg (genitive Terrae Novae); first declension

Terrae Novae (genitive)
Terra Nova (nominative singular)
Terrae Novae (genitive singular)
Terrae Novae (dative singular)
Terram Novam (accusative singular)
Terrā Novā (ablative singular)
Terra Nova (singular vocative)
Terrae Novae (locative singular)

Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador#English

Newfoundland (a large island of the coast of eastern Canada, part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador)


Troia

Troia f sg (genitive Troiae); first declension

Troiae (genitive)
Troia (nominative singular)
Troiae (genitive singular)
Troiae (dative singular)
Troiam (accusative singular)
Troiā (ablative singular)
Troia (singular vocative)
Troiae (locative singular)
Troja (alternative)
Troga (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τροίᾱ (Troíā).

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Ionia

Iōnia f sg (genitive Iōniae); first declension

Iōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Iōniae (genitive)
Iōnia (nominative singular)
Iōniae (genitive singular)
Iōniae (dative singular)
Iōniam (accusative singular)
Iōniā (ablative singular)
Iōnia (singular vocative)
Iōniae (locative singular)
Jōnia (alternative)

Ionia (a region of Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Gana

Gana f sg (genitive Ganae); first declension

Ganae (genitive)
Gana (nominative singular)
Ganae (genitive singular)
Ganae (dative singular)
Ganam (accusative singular)
Ganā (ablative singular)
Gana (singular vocative)
Ghana (alternative)

(New Latin) Ghana (a country in West Africa)


Ledesia

Ledesia f sg (genitive Ledesiae); first declension

Ledesiae (genitive)
Ledesia (nominative singular)
Ledesiae (genitive singular)
Ledesiae (dative singular)
Ledesiam (accusative singular)
Ledesiā (ablative singular)
Ledesia (singular vocative)
Ledesiae (locative singular)

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Leeds (a large city and metropolitan borough in modern West Yorkshire, England)


Sion

Sīōn f sg (genitive Sīōnis); third declension

Sīōn (canonical feminine singular)
Sīōnis (genitive)
Sīōn (nominative singular)
Sīōnis (genitive singular)
Sīōnī (dative singular)
Sīōnem (accusative singular)
Sīōne (ablative singular)
Sīōn (singular vocative)

Bengali: সিয়োন (śiẏōn)

Czech: Sión, Sion, Sijón

Finnish: Siion

desctree

French: Sion
→ Khmer: ស៊ីយ៉ូន (siiyoun)
→ Romanian: Sion

Italian: Sion

Malayalam: സിയ്യോൻ (siyyōṉ)

Norwegian Bokmål: Sion

Norwegian Nynorsk: Sion

Old English: Syon

Middle English: Sion

English: Zion, Sion
→ Bengali: জায়ন (jaẏon)
→ Marshallese: Jāioon

Old High German: Sion

German: Zion, Sion
→ Serbo-Croatian: Cìon, Цѝон

Old Irish: Sión
Irish: Síón
Scottish Gaelic: Sion

Polish: Syjon

Portuguese: Sião

Spanish: Sion, Sión

Swedish: Sion

Welsh: Sïon

From Koine Greek Σῑών (Sīṓn), from Biblical Hebrew צִיּוֹן (ṣiyyôn).

(biblical) Zion (a hill in Jerusalem, Israel, on which ancient Jerusalem was partly built; a centrepiece to Biblical accounts of old days and future eschatological events)


Iordania

la-proper noun

Iordania f sg (genitive Iordaniae); first declension

Iordaniae (genitive)
Iordania (nominative singular)
Iordaniae (genitive singular)
Iordaniae (dative singular)
Iordaniam (accusative singular)
Iordaniā (ablative singular)
Iordania (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Lipsia

Lipsia f sg (genitive Lipsiae); first declension

Lipsiae (genitive)
Lipsia (nominative singular)
Lipsiae (genitive singular)
Lipsiae (dative singular)
Lipsiam (accusative singular)
Lipsiā (ablative singular)
Lipsia (singular vocative)
Lipsiae (locative singular)

Italian: Lipsia

Portuguese: Lípsia

(Medieval Latin) Leipzig (a city in Saxony, Germany)


Galatia

Galatīa f sg (genitive Galatīae); first declension

Galatīa (canonical feminine singular)
Galatīae (genitive)
Galatīa (nominative singular)
Galatīae (genitive singular)
Galatīae (dative singular)
Galatīam (accusative singular)
Galatīā (ablative singular)
Galatīa (singular vocative)
Galatīae (locative singular)

Old French: Gialde

French: Jaude

Italian: Galazia

→ Armenian: Գաղատիա (Gaġatia)

→ Catalan: Galàcia

→ English: Galatia

→ Finnish: Galatia

→ French: Galatie

→ German: Galatien

→ Irish: an Ghaláit

→ Polish: Galacja

→ Portuguese: Galácia

→ Romanian: Galatia

→ Russian: Галатия (Galatija)

→ Spanish: Galacia

→ Swedish: Galatien

→ Turkish: Galatia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γᾰλᾰτῐ́ᾱ (Gălătĭ́ā).

Meronyms: Ancyra, Pessinus, Rosologiacum, Tavium

Galatia (a historical region of ancient Asia Minor, in what is now central Turkey)

Galatia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 25 BC to the late 7th century AD)


Acadia

Acadia f sg (genitive Acadiae); first declension

Acadiae (genitive)
Acadia (nominative singular)
Acadiae (genitive singular)
Acadiae (dative singular)
Acadiam (accusative singular)
Acadiā (ablative singular)
Acadia (singular vocative)
Acadiae (locative singular)

(New Latin) (historical) Acadia (a former French colony in North America in modern eastern Canada and the United States)


Pontus

Pontus m sg (genitive Pontī); second declension

Pontī (genitive)
Pontus (nominative singular)
Pontī (genitive singular)
Pontō (dative singular)
Pontum (accusative singular)
Pontō (ablative singular)
Ponte (singular vocative)

→ English: Pontus

From Ancient Greek Πόντος (Póntos). Doublet of pōns.

Pontus (an ancient kingdom and cultural region covering the eastern half of the southern coast of the Black Sea, in Anatolia in modern Turkey; traditionally Greek-speaking)

Bithynia et Pontus
Bithynia et Pontus#English

(historical) Pontus (a former province of the Roman Empire covering the western half of the Pontus region unified with Bithynia; in full, Bithynia et Pontus)


Lares

Larēs ? pl (genitive Larium); third declension

Larēs (canonical plural)
Larium (genitive)
Larēs (nominative plural)
Larium (genitive plural)
Laribus (dative plural)
Larēs (accusative plural)
Larīs (accusative plural)
Laribus (ablative plural)
Larēs (plural vocative)
Laribus (locative plural)

a city in Africa situated on the valley of the Bagrada, now Lorbeus


Nova Cambria Australis

Nova Cambria Austrālis f sg (genitive Novae Cambriae Austrālis); first declension

Nova Cambria Austrālis (canonical feminine singular)
Novae Cambriae Austrālis (genitive)
Nova Cambria Austrālis (nominative singular)
Novae Cambriae Austrālis (genitive singular)
Novae Cambriae Austrālī (dative singular)
Novam Cambriam Austrālem (accusative singular)
Novā Cambriā Austrālī (ablative singular)
Nova Cambria Austrālis (singular vocative)

New South Wales
New South Wales#English:_Q3224

(New Latin) New South Wales (a state of Australia, located in the southeastern part of the continent; a former British colony from 1788 to 1901)


Glevum

Glēvum n sg (genitive Glēvī); second declension

Glēvum (canonical neuter singular)
Glēvī (genitive)
Glēvum (nominative singular)
Glēvī (genitive singular)
Glēvō (dative singular)
Glēvum (accusative singular)
Glēvō (ablative singular)
Glēvum (singular vocative)
Glēvī (locative singular)

From a Celtic term meaning “bright place”, from Proto-Celtic *gleiwom.


Issa

Issa f sg (genitive Issae); first declension

Issae (genitive)
Issa (nominative singular)
Issae (genitive singular)
Issae (dative singular)
Issam (accusative singular)
Issā (ablative singular)
Issa (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἴσσα (Íssa), possibly from an Illyrian word meaning "spas," from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eysh₂- (“to move violently, rapidly”). Possibly related to Isacia, a place in Lucania mentioned by Pliny.

der

Vis (an island off the coast of Croatia)


Calpe

la-proper noun

Calpē f sg (genitive Calpēs); first declension

Calpē (canonical feminine singular)
Calpēs (genitive)
Calpē (nominative singular)
Calpēs (genitive singular)
Calpae (dative singular)
Calpēn (accusative singular)
Calpē (ablative singular)
Calpē (singular vocative)
Calpēs (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κάλπη (Kálpē).

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Elis

Ēlis f sg (genitive Ēlidis); third declension

Ēlis (canonical feminine singular)
Ēlidis (genitive)
Ēlis (nominative singular)
Ēlidis (genitive singular)
Ēlidī (dative singular)
Ēlidem (accusative singular)
Ēlide (ablative singular)
Ēlis (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἦλις (Êlis).

Elis (an ancient Greek city-state in northwestern Peloponnese, modern Greece)


Pieria

Pīeria f sg (genitive Pīeriae); first declension

Pīeria (canonical feminine singular)
Pīeriae (genitive)
Pīeria (nominative singular)
Pīeriae (genitive singular)
Pīeriae (dative singular)
Pīeriam (accusative singular)
Pīeriā (ablative singular)
Pīeria (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πιερία (Piería).

an ancient district of Macedonia, in modern Greece

(historical) Pieria (a Roman province of the region of Syria, in modern Turkey)


Graecia

Graecia f sg (genitive Graeciae); first declension

Graeciae (genitive)
Graecia (nominative singular)
Graeciae (genitive singular)
Graeciae (dative singular)
Graeciam (accusative singular)
Graeciā (ablative singular)
Graecia (singular vocative)

→ Irish: An Ghréig

→ Albanian: Greqia

→ Aromanian: Gãrtsia

→ Catalan: Grècia

→ Galician: Grecia

→ Italian: Grecia

→ Old French: Grece

French: Grèce

→ Middle English: Grece

English: Greece (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: Grécia

→ Romanian: Grecia

→ Sicilian: Grecia

→ Spanish: Grecia

From Graecus from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Argos

Argos (nominative singular)
Argos (accusative singular)


Vindobona

Vindobona f sg (genitive Vindobonae); first declension

Vindobonae (genitive)
Vindobona (nominative singular)
Vindobonae (genitive singular)
Vindobonae (dative singular)
Vindobonam (accusative singular)
Vindobonā (ablative singular)
Vindobona (singular vocative)
Vindobonae (locative singular)
Vendobona (alternative)

Borrowed from Gaulish *Windobona, probably from *windos (“white”) and *bona (“base”); see Vindobona and Vienna for more.


Roma

Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension

Rōma (canonical feminine singular)
Rōmae (genitive)
Rōma (nominative singular)
Rōmae (genitive singular)
Rōmae (dative singular)
Rōmam (accusative singular)
Rōmā (ablative singular)
Rōma (singular vocative)
Rōmae (locative singular)
R (alternative)

desctree

Italian: Roma
→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)
→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)
→ Korean: 로마 (roma)

Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)
French: Rome
→ Guianese Creole: Ròm
→ Haitian Creole: Wòm
→ Persian: رم (rom)
→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)
Norman: Rome
Picard: Rome
Walloon: Rome

Old Occitan:

Occitan: Roma

Catalan: Roma

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma
Galician: Roma
Portuguese: Roma

Old Spanish: Roma

Spanish: Roma

Sicilian: Ruma, Roma

Borrowings

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)
Greek: Ρώμη (Rómi)
→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)
→ Aramaic: רומא
Classical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)
→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)
Armenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)
→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)
→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)
Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)
→ Sogdian: ("Rome, Byzantium")
Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)
Sogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)
→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) ("Byzantium, Greek")
→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)
→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)
Pazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)
Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)
Persian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)
→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)

→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)

→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)

→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ

Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Bulgarian: Рим (Rim)
Macedonian: Рим (Rim)
→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Old Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)
Belarusian: Рым (Rym)
Carpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)
Ukrainian: Рим (Rym)
Russian: Рим (Rim), Римъ (Rim) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: Рим (Rim)
→ Kyrgyz: Рим (Rim)
→ Tajik: Рим (Rim)
→ Uzbek: Rim
→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)

Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Ри̑м

Latin script: Rȋm

Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)

→ Old Czech: Řím
Czech: Řím
→ Kashubian: Rzim
→ Old Polish: Rzym
Polish: Rzym
→ Silesian: Rzim
→ Slovak: Rím

→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא

Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)

→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: Roma

Uncertain.
* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.
* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.
* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.

Ut Rōma iugum omnibus terrīs impōneret.

Venit Rōmā.

Rome (a major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)

(New Latin) Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)


Lettonia

la-proper noun

Lettonia f sg (genitive Lettoniae); first declension

Lettoniae (genitive)
Lettonia (nominative singular)
Lettoniae (genitive singular)
Lettoniae (dative singular)
Lettoniam (accusative singular)
Lettoniā (ablative singular)
Lettonia (singular vocative)

→ Asturian: Letonia

→ Basque: Letonia

→ Catalan: Letònia

→ Corsican: Lettonia

→ Franco-Provençal: Lètonia

→ French: Lettonie

→ Khmer: ឡេតូនី (leetounii)

desc

→ Lao: ແລດໂຕນີ (lǣt tō nī)

→ Lao: ແລດໂຕນີ (lǣt tō nī)

→ Persian: لتونی (letoni)

→ Friulian: Letonie

→ Galician: Letonia

→ Italian: Lettonia

→ Albanian: Letoni

→ Greek: Λεττονία (Lettonía)

→ Turkish: Letonya

→ Northern Kurdish: Letonya

→ Macedonian: Летонија (Letonija)

→ Pashto: ليتونيا (litonyã)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Lètōnija/Лѐто̄нија

→ Norman: Lettonnie/Létonîn

→ Occitan: Letònia

→ Portuguese: Letónia/Letônia

→ Romanian: Letonia

→ Spanish: Letonia

→ Central Nahuatl: Letonia

→ Tagalog: Letonya

→ Venetan: Łetonia

Formed as Lettonēs (“Latvians”) + -ia (“land of”), which is equivalent to German Lettland; the first element is a borrowing from German, and the short o is an apparent imitation of the names of Gaulish tribes, or of Greek.

(New Latin) Latvia (a country in northeastern Europe)


Numidia

la-proper noun

Numidia f sg (genitive Numidiae); first declension

Numidiae (genitive)
Numidia (nominative singular)
Numidiae (genitive singular)
Numidiae (dative singular)
Numidiam (accusative singular)
Numidiā (ablative singular)
Numidia (singular vocative)
Numidiae (locative singular)

English: Numidia

French: Numidie

Italian: Numidia

Polish: Numidia

Portuguese: Numídia

Spanish: Numidia

(historical) Numidia (a historical region and ancient Berber kingdom located in North Africa, initially situated in modern Algeria but later expanding into Tunisia and Libya)

(historical) Numidia (a former province of the Roman Empire, approximately located in modern northeastern Algeria)


Aethiopia

Aethiopia f sg (genitive Aethiopiae); first declension

Aethiopiae (genitive)
Aethiopia (nominative singular)
Aethiopiae (genitive singular)
Aethiopiae (dative singular)
Aethiopiam (accusative singular)
Aethiopiā (ablative singular)
Aethiopia (singular vocative)

Asturian: Etiopía

→ Catalan: Etiòpia

→ English: Ethiopia

→ Gujarati: ઇથિયોપિયા (ithiyopiyā)

→ Hindi: इथियोपिया (ithiyopiyā)

→ Korean: 에티오피아 (etiopia)

→ Navajo: Iithiyópya

→ Urdu: ایتھوپیا (ethopyā)

→ Yoruba: Ìtíópíà

→ Finnish: Etiopia

French: Éthiopie

→ Khmer: អេត្យូពី (ʼeetyoupii)

desc

→ Lao: ເອທິໂອປີ (ʼē thi ʼō pī)

→ Lao: ເອທິໂອປີ (ʼē thi ʼō pī)

→ Persian: اتیوپی (etyupi)

Galician: Etiopía

Italian: Etiopia

→ Latvian: Etiopija

Norman: Êthiopie

Portuguese: Etiópia

Romanian: Etiopia

Spanish: Etiopía

→ Tagalog: Etiyopiya

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Αἰθιοπία (Aithiopía), from Αἰθίοψ (Aithíops), of disputed origin.

bor+

(New Latin) Ethiopia (a country in East Africa)


Methone

la-proper noun

Methōnē f sg (genitive Methōnēs); first declension

Methōnē (canonical feminine singular)
Methōnēs (genitive)
Methōnē (nominative singular)
Methōnēs (genitive singular)
Methōnae (dative singular)
Methōnēn (accusative singular)
Methōnē (ablative singular)
Methōnē (singular vocative)
Methōnēs (locative singular)

Dutch: Methone

English: Methone

French: Méthone

German: Methone

Italian: Metone

Spanish: Metone

Methoni (a village in Peloponnese, Greece)

(historical) Methone (an ancient city near present-day Methoni in Peloponnese, Greece)

Central Macedonia
Central Macedonia#English

Methoni (a village in Central Macedonia, Greece)

(historical) Methone (an ancient city-state near present-day Methoni in Central Macedonia, Greece)

(historical) Methone (an ancient city-state near present-day Ano Lechonia in Thessaly, Greece)

(historical) former name of Methana (= Methana): a city in Attica, Greece


Chalcis

Chalcis f sg (genitive Chalcidis or Chalcidos); third declension

Chalcidis (genitive)
Chalcidos (genitive)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χαλκίς (Khalkís).

Chalcis (the chief town of the island of Euboea in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Aeolis, in modern Turkey)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Aetolia, in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Elis, in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Epirus, in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in modern northern Syria)


Cydonia

Cydōnia f sg (genitive Cydōniae); first declension

Cydōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Cydōniae (genitive)
Cydōnia (nominative singular)
Cydōniae (genitive singular)
Cydōniae (dative singular)
Cydōniam (accusative singular)
Cydōniā (ablative singular)
Cydōnia (singular vocative)
Cydōniae (locative singular)
Cydōnēa (alternative)

English: Cydonia

Translingual: Cydonia

From Ancient Greek Κυδωνία (Kudōnía), q.v.

(historical) Cydonia (an ancient city on the island of Crete, Greece)

(inexact, New Latin) Chania (a city on the island of Crete, Greece, at the site of the ancient Cydonia)


oppidum

la-noun

oppidum n (genitive oppidī); second declension

oppidī (genitive)
oppidum (nominative singular)
oppida (nominative plural)
oppidī (genitive singular)
oppidōrum (genitive plural)
oppidō (dative singular)
oppidīs (dative plural)
oppidum (accusative singular)
oppida (accusative plural)
oppidō (ablative singular)
oppidīs (ablative plural)
oppidum (singular vocative)
oppida (plural vocative)
oppid. (alternative abbreviation)

Italian: Oppido (toponym), → oppido

Neapolitan: Oppitu, Òppete (toponyms)

Portuguese: Óbidos (toponym), → ópido

From Proto-Italic *oppedom, from Proto-Indo-European *pedo- meaning either "step > ground" or "foot" - compare the morphology of Ancient Greek ἐπίπεδος (epípedos, “plane, superficial”). Cognates include Ancient Greek πέδον (pédon), Sanskrit पद (pada, “on or over the plain”).

cog

Manus gladiatorum oppido eruperat.

The company of gladiators had made a sally from the town.

town (esp. of towns other than Rome, which was generally called Urbs)


ecclesia

la-noun

ecclēsia f (genitive ecclēsiae); first declension

ecclēsia (canonical feminine)
ecclēsiae (genitive)
ecclēsia (nominative singular)
ecclēsiae (nominative plural)
ecclēsiae (genitive singular)
ecclēsiārum (genitive plural)
ecclēsiae (dative singular)
ecclēsiīs (dative plural)
ecclēsiam (accusative singular)
ecclēsiās (accusative plural)
ecclēsiā (ablative singular)
ecclēsiīs (ablative plural)
ecclēsia (singular vocative)
ecclēsiae (plural vocative)
eclesia (alternative Medieval-Latin)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: chiesa, ghiesgia, jesgia

Italian: chiesa

→ Sicilian: chiesa

Neapolitan: chiesia, chiesa

Sicilian: crèsia

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: chegia, cheja, creia, cresia

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: cîṡa, cesa, jesa

Ligurian: gexa

Lombard: gesa, cesa, gesia, xesa

Piedmontese:

Occidental: gesia

Oriental: cesa

Romagnol: cisa, ciṡa

Friulian: glesie

Istriot: cesa

Ladin: dlieja, gejia

Venetan: ceza

Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: égllése, egleisi, élaise

Old French: eglise (see there for further descendants)

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: esglesia, sglesia, esglea, esgleia, glesa, glesia

Catalan: església

Old Occitan: gleiza, glieza, glieyza

Occitan: glèisa, gleisa

Auvergnat: lhèisa, glheisa

Vivaro-Alpine: lhèisa, glhèisa

Ibero-Romance:

Old Navarro-Aragonese: iglesia

Aragonese: ilesia

Old Leonese: eglesia, iglesa

Asturian: ilesia, eglesia, eigresia, eilesia, igresia, iresia, inglesia

Extremaduran: igresia

Leonese: ilesia

Mirandese: eigreija

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: igreja, egreja, egleja, ygreja
Galician: igrexa
Portuguese: igreja (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: eglesia
Ladino: iglesia, iglezia
Spanish: iglesia (see there for further descendants)
→ Sabir: iglezia

Ancient borrowings:

→ Albanian: kishë

→ Basque: eliza

→ Old Irish: eclais (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *egluɨs (see there for further descendants)

Later borrowings:

→ English: ecclesia

→ Esperanto: eklezio

→ Ido: eklezio

→ Interlingua: ecclesia

→ Portuguese: eclésia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía).

Et ego dico tibi, quia tu es Petrus, et super hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam, et portae inferi non praevalebunt adversus eam.

And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)


Cornus

la-proper noun

Cornus f sg (genitive Cornī); second declension

Cornī (genitive)
Cornus (nominative singular)
Cornī (genitive singular)
Cornō (dative singular)
Cornum (accusative singular)
Cornō (ablative singular)
Corne (singular vocative)
Cornī (locative singular)

an ancient city on the west coast of Sardinia


Suedia

Suedia f sg (genitive Suediae); first declension

Suediae (genitive)
Suedia (nominative singular)
Suediae (genitive singular)
Suediae (dative singular)
Suediam (accusative singular)
Suediā (ablative singular)
Suedia (singular vocative)
Svedia (alternative)
Suetia (alternative)
Svetia (alternative)
Suecia (alternative)
Svecia (alternative)

(Medieval Latin) Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Mare Balticum

Mare Balticum n sg (genitive Maris Balticī); third declension

Maris Balticī (genitive)
Mare Balticum (nominative singular)
Maris Balticī (genitive singular)
Marī Balticō (dative singular)
Mare Balticum (accusative singular)
Marī Balticō (ablative singular)
Mare Balticum (singular vocative)

From mare (“sea”) + balticum, the neuter form of balticus (“Baltic”). Literally "the Baltic sea".

Baltic Sea (a sea in Northern Europe, an arm of the Atlantic enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Sweden)


Camulodunum

Camulodūnum n sg (genitive Camulodūnī); second declension

Camulodūnum (canonical neuter singular)
Camulodūnī (genitive)
Camulodūnum (nominative singular)
Camulodūnī (genitive singular)
Camulodūnō (dative singular)
Camulodūnum (accusative singular)
Camulodūnō (ablative singular)
Camulodūnum (singular vocative)
Camulodūnī (locative singular)

Fortress of Camulus, a Celtic deity, + *dūnom (“fortification”).


Mosella

Mosella m sg or f sg (genitive Mosellae); first declension

Mosellae (genitive)
Mosella (nominative singular)
Mosellae (genitive singular)
Mosellae (dative singular)
Mosellam (accusative singular)
Mosellā (ablative singular)
Mosella (singular vocative)
Mosellae (locative singular)
Mos. (alternative abbreviation)

Catalan: Mosel·la

French: Moselle

English: Moselle

Old High German: Muosela

Luxembourgish: Musel

Dutch: Moezel

Italian: Mosella

Portuguese: Mosella

Spanish: Mosela

A diminutive form of Mosa, meaning "little Meuse".

a major river in modern France, Luxembourg and Germany; modern Moselle


Ephesus

Ephesus f sg (genitive Ephesī); second declension

Ephesī (genitive)
Ephesus (nominative singular)
Ephesī (genitive singular)
Ephesō (dative singular)
Ephesum (accusative singular)
Ephesō (ablative singular)
Ephese (singular vocative)
Ephesī (locative singular)

Catalan: Efes

French: Éphèse

Italian: Efeso

Portuguese: Éfeso

Romanian: Efes

Spanish: Éfeso

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔφεσος (Éphesos).

bor+

Ephesus (an ancient Greek city in Anatolia, near Selçuk in modern İzmir Province, Turkey)


Ottavia

la-proper noun

Ottavia f sg (genitive Ottaviae); first declension

Ottaviae (genitive)
Ottavia (nominative singular)
Ottaviae (genitive singular)
Ottaviae (dative singular)
Ottaviam (accusative singular)
Ottaviā (ablative singular)
Ottavia (singular vocative)
Ottaviae (locative singular)

(New Latin) Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; the capital city of Canada)


Suetia

Suetia f sg (genitive Suetiae); first declension

Suetiae (genitive)
Suetia (nominative singular)
Suetiae (genitive singular)
Suetiae (dative singular)
Suetiam (accusative singular)
Suetiā (ablative singular)
Suetia (singular vocative)
Svetia (alternative)
Suedia (alternative)
Svedia (alternative)
Suecia (alternative)
Svecia (alternative)


Svecia

Svecia f sg (genitive Sveciae); first declension

Sveciae (genitive)
Svecia (nominative singular)
Sveciae (genitive singular)
Sveciae (dative singular)
Sveciam (accusative singular)
Sveciā (ablative singular)
Svecia (singular vocative)
Suecia (alternative)
Svetia (alternative)
Suetia (alternative)
Svedia (alternative)
Suedia (alternative)


Phrygia

Phrygia f sg (genitive Phrygiae); first declension

Phrygiae (genitive)
Phrygia (nominative singular)
Phrygiae (genitive singular)
Phrygiae (dative singular)
Phrygiam (accusative singular)
Phrygiā (ablative singular)
Phrygia (singular vocative)
Phrygiae (locative singular)

Catalan: Frígia

Galician: Frixia

Italian: Frigia

Portuguese: Frígia

Spanish: Frigia

(historical) Phrygia (a geographic region and ancient kingdom in the west central part of Asia Minor, in what is now modern-day Turkey)


Aetolia

Aetōlia f sg (genitive Aetōliae); first declension

Aetōlia (canonical feminine singular)
Aetōliae (genitive)
Aetōlia (nominative singular)
Aetōliae (genitive singular)
Aetōliae (dative singular)
Aetōliam (accusative singular)
Aetōliā (ablative singular)
Aetōlia (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Αἰτωλία (Aitōlía).

Aetolia (a mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern prefecture of Aetolia-Acarnania)


Monachium

Monachium n sg (genitive Monachiī or Monachī); second declension

Monachiī (genitive)
Monachī (genitive)
Monachium (nominative singular)
Monachiī (genitive singular)
Monachī (genitive singular)
Monachiō (dative singular)
Monachium (accusative singular)
Monachiō (ablative singular)
Monachium (singular vocative)
Monachiī (locative singular)


Araxes

Araxēs m sg (genitive Araxis); third declension

Araxēs (canonical masculine singular)
Araxis (genitive)
Araxēs (nominative singular)
Araxis (genitive singular)
Araxī (dative singular)
Araxem (accusative singular)
Araxe (ablative singular)
Araxēs (singular vocative)
Araxī (locative singular)
Araxe (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs).

a large river in Armenia, now the river Araks


Alasca

Alasca f sg (genitive Alascae); first declension

Alascae (genitive)
Alasca (nominative singular)
Alascae (genitive singular)
Alascae (dative singular)
Alascam (accusative singular)
Alascā (ablative singular)
Alasca (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Alaska (a state of the United States, formerly a territory)


Tempe

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τέμπη (Témpē).

a valley in Thessaly, modern Greece, through which ran the river Peneus


Belorussia

Belorussia f sg (genitive Belorussiae); first declension

Belorussiae (genitive)
Belorussia (nominative singular)
Belorussiae (genitive singular)
Belorussiae (dative singular)
Belorussiam (accusative singular)
Belorussiā (ablative singular)
Belorussia (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


Karthago

Karthāgō f sg (genitive Karthāginis); third declension

Karthāgō (canonical feminine singular)
Karthāginis (genitive)
Karthāgō (nominative singular)
Karthāginis (genitive singular)
Karthāginī (dative singular)
Karthāginem (accusative singular)
Karthāgine (ablative singular)
Karthāgō (singular vocative)
Karthāginī (locative singular)
Karthāgine (locative singular)
Kartāgō (alternative)

From Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt, “New City”).

der

Urbs antīqua fuit (Tyriī tenuēre colōnī):
Karthāgō, Ītaliam contrā Tiberīnaque longē

There was an ancient city (Tyrian colonists held [it]):
Carthage, opposite Italy and far from the Tiber River’s
mouth, rich in wealth and ruthless in the pursuits of war.
(Note that this use of “tenuere” is a syncopated or abbreviated form of the verb “tenuerunt.” See: Carthage; Tyre, Lebanon.)

ōstia, dīves opum studiīsque asperrima bellī.

(Classical Latin) alternative spelling of Carthāgō


Megara

la-proper noun

Megara f sg (genitive Megarae); first declension

Megara n pl (genitive Megarōrum); second declension

Megarae (genitive)
Megarōrum (genitive)
Megara (nominative singular)
Megarae (genitive singular)
Megarae (dative singular)
Megaram (accusative singular)
Megarā (ablative singular)
Megara (singular vocative)
Megarae (locative singular)
Megara (nominative plural)
Megarōrum (genitive plural)
Megarīs (dative plural)
Megara (accusative plural)
Megarīs (ablative plural)
Megara (plural vocative)
Megarīs (locative plural)
First-declension noun
with locative
singular only.
Second-declension noun (neuter)
plural only.

English: Megara

French: Mégara, Mégare

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μέγαρα (Mégara).

The capital city of Megaris and birthplace of Euclid


Thessalonica

Thessalonīca f sg (genitive Thessalonīcae); first declension

Thessalonīca (canonical feminine singular)
Thessalonīcae (genitive)
Thessalonīca (nominative singular)
Thessalonīcae (genitive singular)
Thessalonīcae (dative singular)
Thessalonīcam (accusative singular)
Thessalonīcā (ablative singular)
Thessalonīca (singular vocative)
Thessalonīcae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη (Thessălonī́kē).

bor+

Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη

Thessaloniki (a port city, the capital of Central Macedonia, in northern Greece)


Varsovia

la-proper noun

Varsovia f sg (genitive Varsoviae); first declension

Varsoviae (genitive)
Varsovia (nominative singular)
Varsoviae (genitive singular)
Varsoviae (dative singular)
Varsoviam (accusative singular)
Varsoviā (ablative singular)
Varsovia (singular vocative)
Varsoviae (locative singular)

Catalan: Varsòvia

French: Varsovie

Galician: Varsovia

Italian: Varsavia

Portuguese: Varsóvia

Romanian: Varșovia

Spanish: Varsovia


Flandria

Flandria f sg (genitive Flandriae); first declension

Flandriae (genitive)
Flandria (nominative singular)
Flandriae (genitive singular)
Flandriae (dative singular)
Flandriam (accusative singular)
Flandriā (ablative singular)
Flandria (singular vocative)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Фла̀ндрија/Flàndrija

Flanders (a historical region and modern administrative region in the north of Belgium, consisting of the Dutch-speaking area of Belgium)

Flanders (a historical county and cultural region of Western Europe, at its maximum covering most of Belgium, parts of northeast France, and a corner of the Netherlands; in full, County of Flanders)


Frisia

Frīsia f sg (genitive Frīsiae); first declension

Frīsia (canonical feminine singular)
Frīsiae (genitive)
Frīsia (nominative singular)
Frīsiae (genitive singular)
Frīsiae (dative singular)
Frīsiam (accusative singular)
Frīsiā (ablative singular)
Frīsia (singular vocative)

Catalan: Frísia

French: Frise

Italian: Frisia

Portuguese: Frísia

Spanish: Frisia

(historical) Frisia (a traditionally Frisian-speaking coastal Western Europe, politically split between Netherlands and Germany)


Samara

Samara f sg (genitive Samarae); first declension

Samarae (genitive)
Samara (nominative singular)
Samarae (genitive singular)
Samarae (dative singular)
Samaram (accusative singular)
Samarā (ablative singular)
Samara (singular vocative)


Burgundia

Burgundia f sg (genitive Burgundiae); first declension

Burgundiae (genitive)
Burgundia (nominative singular)
Burgundiae (genitive singular)
Burgundiae (dative singular)
Burgundiam (accusative singular)
Burgundiā (ablative singular)
Burgundia (singular vocative)

→ English: Burgundy

→ Greek: Βουργουνδία (Vourgoundía)

→ Spanish: Burgundia

From Late Latin Burgundiones (“highlanders”), from Proto-Germanic *Burgundī, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high, mighty”).

der

(historical, Medieval Latin) Burgundy (a geographic region, historical duchy, and medieval kingdom in France)


Cracovia

la-proper noun

Cracōvia f sg (genitive Cracōviae); first declension

Cracōvia (canonical feminine singular)
Cracōviae (genitive)
Cracōvia (nominative singular)
Cracōviae (genitive singular)
Cracōviae (dative singular)
Cracōviam (accusative singular)
Cracōviā (ablative singular)
Cracōvia (singular vocative)
Cracōviae (locative singular)

From Cracōv- (compare Polish Kraków) + -ia.

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Krakow (a city on the Vistula River, the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland and the former capital (until 1596) of Poland as a whole)


Savo

Savō f sg (genitive Savōnis); third declension

Savō (canonical feminine singular)
Savōnis (genitive)
Savō (nominative singular)
Savōnis (genitive singular)
Savōnī (dative singular)
Savōnem (accusative singular)
Savōne (ablative singular)
Savō (singular vocative)
Savōnī (locative singular)
Savōne (locative singular)

Probably related to the name of the river (see Etymology 2 below).


Savo

Sāvō f sg (genitive Sāvōnis); third declension

Sāvō (canonical feminine singular)
Sāvōnis (genitive)
Sāvō (nominative singular)
Sāvōnis (genitive singular)
Sāvōnī (dative singular)
Sāvōnem (accusative singular)
Sāvōne (ablative singular)
Sāvō (singular vocative)


Bithynia

Bīthȳnia f sg (genitive Bīthȳniae); first declension

Bīthȳnia (canonical feminine singular)
Bīthȳniae (genitive)
Bīthȳnia (nominative singular)
Bīthȳniae (genitive singular)
Bīthȳniae (dative singular)
Bīthȳniam (accusative singular)
Bīthȳniā (ablative singular)
Bīthȳnia (singular vocative)
Bīthȳniae (locative singular)

English: Bithynia

Polish: Bitynia

From the Ancient Greek Βῑθῡνῐ́ᾱ (Bīthūnĭ́ā).

(historical) Bithynia (a geographic region, ancient kingdom, and historical province of the Roman Empire in the northwest of Asia Minor in modern Turkey)


Lycia

Lycia f sg (genitive Lyciae); first declension

Lyciae (genitive)
Lycia (nominative singular)
Lyciae (genitive singular)
Lyciae (dative singular)
Lyciam (accusative singular)
Lyciā (ablative singular)
Lycia (singular vocative)
Lyciae (locative singular)

(historical) Lycia (a historical region in southwestern Asia Minor, in modern-day Turkey)

(historical) Lycia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing on its own from 43 AD to 74 AD, and later as part of Lycia et Pamphylia)


Atropatene

Ātropatēnē f sg (genitive Ātropatēnēs); first declension

Ātropatēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Ātropatēnēs (genitive)
Ātropatēnē (nominative singular)
Ātropatēnēs (genitive singular)
Ātropatēnae (dative singular)
Ātropatēnēn (accusative singular)
Ātropatēnē (ablative singular)
Ātropatēnē (singular vocative)
Ātropatēnēs (locative singular)

→ English: Atropatene

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀτροπατηνή (Atropatēnḗ).

bor+

(New Latin) Azerbaijan (country in the Caucasus)


Caria

la-proper noun

Cāria f sg (genitive Cāriae); first declension

Cāria (canonical feminine singular)
Cāriae (genitive)
Cāria (nominative singular)
Cāriae (genitive singular)
Cāriae (dative singular)
Cāriam (accusative singular)
Cāriā (ablative singular)
Cāria (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κᾱρίᾱ (Kāríā).

bor+

Caria (a historical region in the southwest corner of Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Colchis

la-proper noun

Colchis f sg (genitive Colchidis); third declension

Colchidis (genitive)
Colchis (nominative singular)
Colchidis (genitive singular)
Colchidī (dative singular)
Colchidem (accusative singular)
Colchide (ablative singular)
Colchis (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κολχῐ́ς (Kolkhĭ́s).

(historical) Colchis (a historical region and ancient Georgian kingdom on the coast of the Black Sea in the South Caucasus on the border between Europe and Asia, corresponding to what is now western Georgia (including Abkhazia), as well as parts of Russia and Turkey)


Paphlagonia

Paphlagonia f sg (genitive Paphlagoniae); first declension

Paphlagoniae (genitive)
Paphlagonia (nominative singular)
Paphlagoniae (genitive singular)
Paphlagoniae (dative singular)
Paphlagoniam (accusative singular)
Paphlagoniā (ablative singular)
Paphlagonia (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Παφλαγονία (Paphlagonía).

bor+

(historical) Paphlagonia (a historical region in northern Asia Minor in modern Turkey, on the shore of the Black Sea, between Bithynia and Pontus)


Pamphylia

la-proper noun

Pamphȳlia f sg (genitive Pamphȳliae); first declension

Pamphȳlia (canonical feminine singular)
Pamphȳliae (genitive)
Pamphȳlia (nominative singular)
Pamphȳliae (genitive singular)
Pamphȳliae (dative singular)
Pamphȳliam (accusative singular)
Pamphȳliā (ablative singular)
Pamphȳlia (singular vocative)
Pamphȳliae (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Παμφυλία (Pamphulía).

Pamphylia (region in Asia Minor, first a country and then part of a Roman province)


Servia

Servia f sg (genitive Serviae); first declension

Serviae (genitive)
Servia (nominative singular)
Serviae (genitive singular)
Serviae (dative singular)
Serviam (accusative singular)
Serviā (ablative singular)
Servia (singular vocative)

In nona Tabula[:] Iaziges metanastae[,] Dacia Vulachia[,] Mysia superior: Seruia[,] Mysia inferior Bosna[,] Tratia[,] Chersonesus.

1511, Bernardus Sylvanus ed., Jacobus Angelus's translation of Ptolemy as Liber Geographica, Bk VIII

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


Mimas

Mimās m sg (genitive Mimāntis); third declension

Mimās (canonical masculine singular)
Mimāntis (genitive)
Mimās (nominative singular)
Mimāntis (genitive singular)
Mimāntī (dative singular)
Mimāntem (accusative singular)
Mimānte (ablative singular)
Mimās (singular vocative)


Turcia

Turcia f sg (genitive Turciae); first declension

Turciae (genitive)
Turcia (nominative singular)
Turciae (genitive singular)
Turciae (dative singular)
Turciam (accusative singular)
Turciā (ablative singular)
Turcia (singular vocative)
Turciae (locative singular)

→ Aragonese: Turquía

→ Aromanian: Turchia

→ Basque: Turkia

→ Breton: Turkia

→ Catalan: Turquia

→ French: Turquie

→ Galician: Turquía

→ German: Türkei

→ Irish: Tuirc

→ Istriot: Turcheîa

→ Italian: Turchia

→ Norman: Turtchie, Turquie, Turqùie

→ Portuguese: Turquia

→ Romanian: Turcia

desc

→ Romansch: Tirchia, Terchia, Tertgia, Tertgeia, Türchia

→ Sicilian: Turchìa

→ Spanish: Turquía
→ Tagalog: Turkiya

From Byzantine Greek Τουρκίᾱ (Tourkíā, “Turkey”), itself being Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos) (borrowed into Latin as Turcus (“A Turk, Turkish”), see there for further etymology) with suffix -ίᾱ (-íā).

bor

Southeastern Europe
Southeastern Europe#English

(New Latin) Turkey (a country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia)


Achates

la-proper noun

Achātēs m sg (genitive Achātae); first declension

Achātēs (canonical masculine singular)
Achātae (genitive)
Achātēs (nominative singular)
Achātae (genitive singular)
Achātae (dative singular)
Achātēn (accusative singular)
Achātē (ablative singular)
Achātē (singular vocative)

a river in Sicily, known as the place where agates were found, now the river Dirillo


Cyrene

Cȳrēnē f sg (genitive Cȳrēnēs); first declension

Cȳrēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Cȳrēnēs (genitive)
Cȳrēnē (nominative singular)
Cȳrēnēs (genitive singular)
Cȳrēnae (dative singular)
Cȳrēnēn (accusative singular)
Cȳrēnē (ablative singular)
Cȳrēnē (singular vocative)
Cȳrēnēs (locative singular)
Cȳrēnae (alternative)

English: Cyrene

Portuguese: Cirena

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κῡρήνη (Kūrḗnē).


Finlandia

Finlandia f sg (genitive Finlandiae); first declension

Finlandiae (genitive)
Finlandia (nominative singular)
Finlandiae (genitive singular)
Finlandiae (dative singular)
Finlandiam (accusative singular)
Finlandiā (ablative singular)
Finlandia (singular vocative)

Ultimately from Old Norse Finnland, likely through Swedish Finland.

(New Latin) synonym of Finnia: Finland (a country in Northern Europe)


Mazaca

Māzaca f sg (genitive Māzacae); first declension

Māzaca n pl (genitive Māzacōrum); second declension

Māzaca (canonical feminine singular)
Māzaca (canonical neuter plural)
Māzacae (genitive)
Māzacōrum (genitive)
Māzaca (nominative singular)
Māzacae (genitive singular)
Māzacae (dative singular)
Māzacam (accusative singular)
Māzacā (ablative singular)
Māzaca (singular vocative)
Māzacae (locative singular)
Māzaca (nominative plural)
Māzacōrum (genitive plural)
Māzacīs (dative plural)
Māzaca (accusative plural)
Māzacīs (ablative plural)
Māzaca (plural vocative)
Māzacīs (locative plural)
Māzacum (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μάζακα (Mázaka).

Mazaca (the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Cappadocia in Asia Minor, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri)


Osroene

Osroēnē f sg (genitive Osroēnēs); first declension

Osroēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Osroēnēs (genitive)
Osroēnē (nominative singular)
Osroēnēs (genitive singular)
Osroēnae (dative singular)
Osroēnēn (accusative singular)
Osroēnē (ablative singular)
Osroēnē (singular vocative)

(historical) Osroene (an ancient Syriac kingdom, Roman province and historical region in northwestern Mesopotamia in modern Turkey and Syria, which enjoyed semi-autonomy to complete independence from the years of 132 B.C.E. to 244 C.E.)


lararium

la-noun

larārium n (genitive larāriī or larārī); second declension

larārium (canonical neuter)
larāriī (genitive)
larārī (genitive)
larārium (nominative singular)
larāria (nominative plural)
larāriī (genitive singular)
larārī (genitive singular)
larāriōrum (genitive plural)
larāriō (dative singular)
larāriīs (dative plural)
larārium (accusative singular)
larāria (accusative plural)
larāriō (ablative singular)
larāriīs (ablative plural)
larārium (singular vocative)
larāria (plural vocative)

From Larēs (“household gods”) + -ārium (“place for”).

affix

in a Roman home, the part of the house set aside as a shrine or chapel for the household gods.


Caesarea

la-proper noun

Caesarēa f sg (genitive Caesarēae); first declension

Caesarēa (canonical feminine singular)
Caesarēae (genitive)
Caesarēa (nominative singular)
Caesarēae (genitive singular)
Caesarēae (dative singular)
Caesarēam (accusative singular)
Caesarēā (ablative singular)
Caesarēa (singular vocative)
Caesarēae (locative singular)

→ Catalan: Cesarea

→ English: Caesarea

→ French: Césarée

→ Italian: Cesarea

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia) (calque)

→ Arabic: قَيْسارِيّة (qaysāriyya)

→ Turkish: Kayserya

→ Old Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia)

→ Hebrew: קֵיסָרְיָה (Keysaryá)

→ Turkish: Kayseri

→ Russian: Кесари́я (Kesaríja)

Old Galician-Portuguese: Cesaira

→ Polish: Cezarea

→ Portuguese: Cesareia

→ Spanish: Cesarea

From Caesar + -ēa, on the pattern of Alexandrēa and similar. In sense 2, by phono-semantic matching of English Jersey.

phono-semantic matching

Caesarea Maritima
Caesarea Maritima#English

Name of numerous cities and locations in the Roman Empire, among which are:

Caesarea Maritima (an ancient city in modern Israel; modern Caesarea)

Caesarea in Cappadocia
Caesarea in Cappadocia#English

Caesarea in Cappadocia (an ancient city in Cappadocia, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri)

Caesarea in Mauretania
Caesarea in Mauretania#English

Caesarea in Mauretania (the ancient capital of the kingdoms of Numidia and Mauretania, in modern Algeria; modern Cherchell)

(New Latin) Jersey (an island and dependency of the United Kingdom)


Sila

la-proper noun

Sīla f sg (genitive Sīlae); first declension

Sīla (canonical feminine singular)
Sīlae (genitive)
Sīla (nominative singular)
Sīlae (genitive singular)
Sīlae (dative singular)
Sīlam (accusative singular)
Sīlā (ablative singular)
Sīla (singular vocative)

a forest in southern Bruttium, modern Calabria region, Italy, that provided pitch and timber


Gogarene

Gōgarēnē f sg (genitive Gōgarēnēs); first declension

Gōgarēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Gōgarēnēs (genitive)

Gogarene (the Greek and Roman name of Gugark, a historical province of the ancient kingdom of Armenia, in modern northern Armenia, northeast Turkey and southwest Georgia)


Moxoene

Moxoēnē f sg (genitive Moxoēnēs); first declension

Moxoēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Moxoēnēs (genitive)
Moxoēnē (nominative singular)
Moxoēnēs (genitive singular)
Moxoēnae (dative singular)
Moxoēnēn (accusative singular)
Moxoēnē (ablative singular)
Moxoēnē (singular vocative)

(historical) Moxoene (a historical province of the Kingdom of Greater Armenia, one of 15, in the modern Van Province, Turkey)


Aquitania

Aquītānia f sg (genitive Aquītāniae); first declension

Aquītānia (canonical feminine singular)
Aquītāniae (genitive)
Aquītānia (nominative singular)
Aquītāniae (genitive singular)
Aquītāniae (dative singular)
Aquītāniam (accusative singular)
Aquītāniā (ablative singular)
Aquītānia (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Aquitània

desctree

→ French: Aquitaine
→ English: Aquitaine

→ German: Aquitanien

Occitan: Guiana, → Aquitània

Old French: Aguyenne, Guyenne, Guienne

French: Guyenne, Guienne (obsolete)
→ English: Guyenne

→ Portuguese: Aquitânia (learned)

→ Spanish: Aquitania

Probably from aqua (“water”), as in nearby provinces Aquae Tarbellicae or Aquae Augustae or the dative plural aquis, + -ania.


Ctesiphon

la-proper noun

Ctēsiphōn f sg (genitive Ctēsiphōntis); third declension

Ctēsiphōn (canonical feminine singular)
Ctēsiphōntis (genitive)
Ctēsiphōn (nominative singular)
Ctēsiphōntis (genitive singular)
Ctēsiphōntī (dative singular)
Ctēsiphōntem (accusative singular)
Ctēsiphōnte (ablative singular)
Ctēsiphōn (singular vocative)
Ctēsiphōntī (locative singular)
Ctēsiphōnte (locative singular)
Ctēsifōn (alternative)

From Ancient Greek Κτησιφῶν (Ktēsiphôn). In Old Latin, it was declined as Ctēsiphōn, Ctēsiphōnis.

Ctesiphon (the ancient capital of Parthia, in modern Iraq)


Slovacia

Slovācia f sg (genitive Slovāciae); first declension

Slovācia (canonical feminine singular)
Slovāciae (genitive)
Slovācia (nominative singular)
Slovāciae (genitive singular)
Slovāciae (dative singular)
Slovāciam (accusative singular)
Slovāciā (ablative singular)
Slovācia (singular vocative)


Ecbatana

Ecbatana n pl (genitive Ecbatanōrum); second declension

Ecbatanōrum (genitive)
Ecbatana (nominative plural)
Ecbatanōrum (genitive plural)
Ecbatanīs (dative plural)
Ecbatana (accusative plural)
Ecbatanīs (ablative plural)
Ecbatana (plural vocative)
Ecbatanīs (locative plural)

From Ancient Greek Ἐκβάτανα (Ekbátana), itself from Old Persian 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴 (Ha(n)gmatāna).

Ecbatana (the ancient capital of Media, in modern-day Iran)


Nicaea

Nīcaea f sg (genitive Nīcaeae); first declension

Nīcaea (canonical feminine singular)
Nīcaeae (genitive)
Nīcaea (nominative singular)
Nīcaeae (genitive singular)
Nīcaeae (dative singular)
Nīcaeam (accusative singular)
Nīcaeā (ablative singular)
Nīcaea (singular vocative)
Nīcaeae (locative singular)

Nicaea, Hellenic city in northwestern Anatolia


Helvetia

Helvētia f sg (genitive Helvētiae); first declension

Helvētia (canonical feminine singular)
Helvētiae (genitive)
Helvētia (nominative singular)
Helvētiae (genitive singular)
Helvētiae (dative singular)
Helvētiam (accusative singular)
Helvētiā (ablative singular)
Helvētia (singular vocative)
Helvētiae (locative singular)

→ Armenian: Հելվեցիա (Helvecʻia)

→ English: Helvetia

→ French: Helvétie

desctree

→ Greek: Ελβετία (Elvetía)
→ Romanian: Elveția

→ Irish: Eilvéis

→ Italian: Elvezia

→ Manx: Elveeish

→ Scottish Gaelic: Eilbheis

(New Latin) Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Meacum

la-proper noun

Meacum n sg (genitive Meacī); second declension

Meacī (genitive)
Meacum (nominative singular)
Meacī (genitive singular)
Meacō (dative singular)
Meacum (accusative singular)
Meacō (ablative singular)
Meacum (singular vocative)
Meacī (locative singular)

Meaco (the medieval name of Kyoto, the modern capital of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


Uria

Uria f sg (genitive Uriae); first declension

Uriae (genitive)
Uria (nominative singular)
Uriae (genitive singular)
Uriae (dative singular)
Uriam (accusative singular)
Uriā (ablative singular)
Uria (singular vocative)
Uriae (locative singular)


Ptolemais

Ptolemāis f sg (genitive Ptolemāidis); third declension

Ptolemāis (canonical feminine singular)
Ptolemāidis (genitive)
Ptolemāis (nominative singular)
Ptolemāidis (genitive singular)
Ptolemāidī (dative singular)
Ptolemāidem (accusative singular)
Ptolemāida (accusative singular)
Ptolemāide (ablative singular)
Ptolemāis (singular vocative)
Ptolemāidī (locative singular)
Ptolemāide (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Πτολεμαΐς (Ptolemaḯs).

Any of several settlements in the Hellenistic world, including:


Occitania

Occitānia f sg (genitive Occitāniae); first declension

Occitānia (canonical feminine singular)
Occitāniae (genitive)
Occitānia (nominative singular)
Occitāniae (genitive singular)
Occitāniae (dative singular)
Occitāniam (accusative singular)
Occitāniā (ablative singular)
Occitānia (singular vocative)

desc

أُوكْسِيتَانِيَا

Arabic: أُوكْسِيتَانِيَا (ʔūksītāniyā)

Arabic: أُوكْسِيتَانِيَا (ʔūksītāniyā)

Azerbaijani: Oksitaniya

English: Occitania

French: Occitanie

German: Okzitanien

Persian: اکسیتانیا (oksitâniyâ)

Romanian: Occitania

Russian: Оксита́ния (Oksitánija)

Spanish: Occitania

Turkish: Oksitanya

Ukrainian: Оксита́нія (Oksytánija)

Uzbek: Oksitaniya

(New Latin) Occitania (a cultural region in southwestern Europe where Occitan has historically been spoken, consisting of southern France, parts of Catalonia in Spain, and some valleys in northwestern Italy)


Alemannia

la-proper noun

Alemānnia f sg (genitive Alemānniae); first declension

Alemānnia (canonical feminine singular)
Alemānniae (genitive)
Alemānnia (nominative singular)
Alemānniae (genitive singular)
Alemānniae (dative singular)
Alemānniam (accusative singular)
Alemānniā (ablative singular)
Alemānnia (singular vocative)
Alemānniae (locative singular)

Asturian: Alemaña

Catalan: Alemanya

French: Allemagne

English: Almain

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: Alemanna, Alamanha
Galician: Alemaña
Portuguese: Alemanha

Spanish: Alemania

Turkish: Almanya

From Alemannī (“a confederation of German tribes”).

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Antiochia

la-proper noun

Antiochīa f sg (genitive Antiochīae); first declension

Antiochīa (canonical feminine singular)
Antiochīae (genitive)
Antiochīa (nominative singular)
Antiochīae (genitive singular)
Antiochīae (dative singular)
Antiochīam (accusative singular)
Antiochīā (ablative singular)
Antiochīa (singular vocative)
Antiochīae (locative singular)
Antiochēa (alternative)

Catalan: Antioquia

→ English: Antiochia

Esperanto: Antioĥio

Old French: Antioche

French: Antioche

→ Middle English: Antioche

English: Antioch

German: Antiochia

Italian: Antiochia

Old English: Antiochia

Portuguese: Antioquia

Romanian: Antiohia

Spanish: Antioquía

From Ancient Greek Ἀντιόχεια (Antiókheia).

Antioch (an ancient Greco-Roman city in modern Turkey)


Pannonia

Pannonia f sg (genitive Pannoniae); first declension

Pannoniae (genitive)
Pannonia (nominative singular)
Pannoniae (genitive singular)
Pannoniae (dative singular)
Pannoniam (accusative singular)
Pannoniā (ablative singular)
Pannonia (singular vocative)

Via Illyrian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“moist; wet; mud; swamp; water”).

der

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

(historical) Pannonia (a geographic region and former province of the Roman Empire in central-eastern Europe, existing as a single province from c. 9 AD to 107 AD and as multiple related provinces until 433 AD; located in modern western Hungary, western Slovakia, eastern Austria, northern Croatia, northwestern Serbia, northern Slovenia and northern Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Roffa

la-proper noun

Roffa f sg (genitive Roffae); first declension

Roffae (genitive)
Roffa (nominative singular)
Roffae (genitive singular)
Roffae (dative singular)
Roffam (accusative singular)
Roffā (ablative singular)
Roffa (singular vocative)
Roffae (locative singular)

Rochester (a town and historic city in Medway borough, Kent, England)


Leida

Leida f sg (genitive Leidae); first declension

Leidae (genitive)
Leida (nominative singular)
Leidae (genitive singular)
Leidae (dative singular)
Leidam (accusative singular)
Leidā (ablative singular)
Leida (singular vocative)
Leidae (locative singular)

Probably adapted from Middle Dutch Leyden.

Leiden (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)


Baltimora

Baltimōra f sg (genitive Baltimōrae); first declension

Baltimōra (canonical feminine singular)
Baltimōrae (genitive)
Baltimōra (nominative singular)
Baltimōrae (genitive singular)
Baltimōrae (dative singular)
Baltimōram (accusative singular)
Baltimōrā (ablative singular)
Baltimōra (singular vocative)
Baltimōrae (locative singular)


Seulum

Seū̆lum n sg (genitive Seū̆lī); second declension

Seū̆lum (canonical neuter singular)
Seū̆lī (genitive)
Seū̆lum (nominative singular)
Seū̆lī (genitive singular)
Seū̆lō (dative singular)
Seū̆lum (accusative singular)
Seū̆lō (ablative singular)
Seū̆lum (singular vocative)
Seū̆lī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”).

bor

(New Latin) Seoul (the capital city of South Korea)