Graecia

Graecia f sg (genitive Graeciae); first declension

Graeciae (genitive)
Graecia (nominative singular)
Graeciae (genitive singular)
Graeciae (dative singular)
Graeciam (accusative singular)
Graeciā (ablative singular)
Graecia (singular vocative)

→ Irish: An Ghréig

→ Albanian: Greqia

→ Aromanian: Gãrtsia

→ Catalan: Grècia

→ Galician: Grecia

→ Italian: Grecia

→ Old French: Grece

French: Grèce

→ Middle English: Grece

English: Greece (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: Grécia

→ Romanian: Grecia

→ Sicilian: Grecia

→ Spanish: Grecia

[ˈɡrɛːt͡ʃiä]

From Graecus from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós).


Vindobona

la-proper noun

Vindobona f sg (genitive Vindobonae); first declension

Vindobonae (genitive)
Vindobona (nominative singular)
Vindobonae (genitive singular)
Vindobonae (dative singular)
Vindobonam (accusative singular)
Vindobonā (ablative singular)
Vindobona (singular vocative)
Vindobonae (locative singular)
Vendobona (alternative)

[u̯ɪn̪ˈd̪ɔbɔnä]

Borrowed from Gaulish *Windobona, probably from *windos (“white”) and *bona (“base”); see Vindobona and Vienna for more.


Roma

Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension

Rōma (canonical feminine singular)
Rōmae (genitive)
Rōma (nominative singular)
Rōmae (genitive singular)
Rōmae (dative singular)
Rōmam (accusative singular)
Rōmā (ablative singular)
Rōma (singular vocative)
Rōmae (locative singular)
R (alternative)

desctree

Italian: Roma
→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)
→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)
→ Korean: 로마 (roma)

Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)
French: Rome
→ Guianese Creole: Ròm
→ Haitian Creole: Wòm
→ Persian: رم (rom)
→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)
Norman: Rome
Picard: Rome
Walloon: Rome

Old Occitan:

Occitan: Roma

Catalan: Roma

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma
Galician: Roma
Portuguese: Roma

Old Spanish: Roma

Spanish: Roma

Sicilian: Ruma, Roma

Borrowings

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)
Greek: Ρώμη (Rómi)
→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)
→ Aramaic: רומא
Classical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)
→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)
Armenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)
→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)
→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)
Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)
→ Sogdian: ("Rome, Byzantium")
Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)
Sogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)
→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) ("Byzantium, Greek")
→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)
→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)
Pazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)
Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)
Persian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)
→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)

→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)

→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)

→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ

Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Bulgarian: Рим (Rim)
Macedonian: Рим (Rim)
→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Old Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)
Belarusian: Рым (Rym)
Carpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)
Ukrainian: Рим (Rym)
Russian: Рим (Rim)
→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)

Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Ри̑м

Latin script: Rȋm

Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)

→ Old Czech: Řím
Czech: Řím
→ Kashubian: Rzim
→ Old Polish: Rzym
Polish: Rzym
→ Silesian: Rzim
→ Slovak: Rím

→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא

Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)

→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: Roma

Uncertain.
* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.
* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.
* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.

Ut Roma iugum omnibus terris imponeret.

Venit Roma.

Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of modern-day Italy)


Maratha

la-proper noun

Maratha f sg (genitive Marathae); first declension

Marathae (genitive)
Maratha (nominative singular)
Marathae (genitive singular)
Marathae (dative singular)
Maratham (accusative singular)
Marathā (ablative singular)
Maratha (singular vocative)
Marathae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μάραθα (Máratha).

A town of Arcadia situated near Buphagium, in Cynuria


Lettonia

Lettonia f sg (genitive Lettoniae); first declension

Lettoniae (genitive)
Lettonia (nominative singular)
Lettoniae (genitive singular)
Lettoniae (dative singular)
Lettoniam (accusative singular)
Lettoniā (ablative singular)
Lettonia (singular vocative)

→ Asturian: Letonia

→ Basque: Letonia

→ Catalan: Letònia

→ Corsican: Lettonia

→ Franco-Provençal: Lètonia

→ French: Lettonie

→ Khmer: ឡេតូនី (leetounii)

desc

→ Lao: ແລດໂຕນີ (lǣt tō nī)

→ Lao: ແລດໂຕນີ (lǣt tō nī)

→ Persian: لتونی (letoni)

→ Friulian: Letonie

→ Galician: Letonia

→ Italian: Lettonia

→ Albanian: Letoni

→ Greek: Λεττονία (Lettonía)

→ Turkish: Letonya

→ Northern Kurdish: Letonya

→ Macedonian: Летонија (Letonija)

→ Pashto: ليتونيا (litonyã)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Lètōnija/Лѐто̄нија

→ Norman: Lettonnie/Létonîn

→ Occitan: Letònia

→ Portuguese: Letónia/Letônia

→ Romanian: Letonia

→ Spanish: Letonia

→ Central Nahuatl: Letonia

→ Tagalog: Letonya

→ Venetan: Łetonia

[ɫ̪ɛt̪ˈt̪ɔniä]

Formed as Lettonēs (“Latvians”) + -ia (“land of”), which is equivalent to German Lettland; the first element is a borrowing from German, and the short o is an apparent imitation of the names of Gaulish tribes, or of Greek.


Iugoslavia

la-proper noun

Iugoslavia f sg (genitive Iugoslaviae); first declension

Iugoslaviae (genitive)
Iugoslavia (nominative singular)
Iugoslaviae (genitive singular)
Iugoslaviae (dative singular)
Iugoslaviam (accusative singular)
Iugoslaviā (ablative singular)
Iugoslavia (singular vocative)
Iugoslaviae (locative singular)

[i̯ʊɡɔs̠ˈɫ̪äu̯iä]


Cydonia

Cydōnia f sg (genitive Cydōniae); first declension

Cydōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Cydōniae (genitive)
Cydōnia (nominative singular)
Cydōniae (genitive singular)
Cydōniae (dative singular)
Cydōniam (accusative singular)
Cydōniā (ablative singular)
Cydōnia (singular vocative)
Cydōniae (locative singular)
Cydōnēa (alternative)

English: Cydonia

Translingual: Cydonia

From Ancient Greek Κυδωνία (Kudōnía), q.v.

(inexact) Synonym of Chania, Chania (a city on the island of Crete, Greece, at the site of the ancient Cydonia)


Corniculum

Corniculum n sg (genitive Corniculī); second declension

Corniculī (genitive)
Corniculum (nominative singular)
Corniculī (genitive singular)
Corniculō (dative singular)
Corniculum (accusative singular)
Corniculō (ablative singular)
Corniculum (singular vocative)
Corniculī (locative singular)


Arna

Arna f sg (genitive Arnae); first declension

Arnae (genitive)
Arna (nominative singular)
Arnae (genitive singular)
Arnae (dative singular)
Arnam (accusative singular)
Arnā (ablative singular)
Arna (singular vocative)
Arnae (locative singular)


Hadrianus

Hadriānus m sg (genitive Hadriānī); second declension

Hadriānus (canonical masculine singular)
Hadriānī (genitive)
Hadriānus (nominative singular)
Hadriānī (genitive singular)
Hadriānō (dative singular)
Hadriānum (accusative singular)
Hadriānō (ablative singular)
Hadriāne (singular vocative)
Adriānus (alternative)

Catalan: Adrià

Danish: Adrian

Dutch: Adriaan, Arjan, Arjen

English: Hadrian, Adrian

Franco-Provençal: Adriyin

French: Adrien

German: Adrian

Hungarian: Adorján

Italian: Adriano

Latvian: Adriāns, Adrians

Polish: Adrian

Portuguese: Adrião, → Adriano

Sicilian: Atrianu

Spanish: Adrián

Ukrainian: Адріа́н (Adrián)

From Hadria (“a city in Picenum, site of modern Atri”) + -ānus, perhaps from Etruscan 𐌇𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌀 (hatria). See Adriatic.


Aurelius

la-proper noun

Aurēlius m (genitive Aurēliī or Aurēlī, feminine Aurēlia); second declension

Aurēlius (canonical masculine)
Aurēliī (genitive)
Aurēlī (genitive)
Aurēlia (feminine)
Aurēlius (nominative singular)
Aurēliī (nominative plural)
Aurēliī (genitive singular)
Aurēlī (genitive singular)
Aurēliōrum (genitive plural)
Aurēliō (dative singular)
Aurēliīs (dative plural)
Aurēlium (accusative singular)
Aurēliōs (accusative plural)
Aurēliō (ablative singular)
Aurēliīs (ablative plural)
Aurēlī (singular vocative)
Aurēliī (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Αὐρήλιος (Aurḗlios)
Greek: Αυρήλιος (Avrílios)

→ French: Aurèle

→ Irish: Áiréilias

→ Italian: Aurelio

→ Portuguese: Aurélio

→ Romanian: Aureliu

→ Spanish: Aurelio

From aureus (“golden”), -lus (“diminutive suffix”), -ius (“adjectival suffix”)


Nelia

la-proper noun

Nēlia f sg (genitive Nēliae); first declension

Nēlia (canonical feminine singular)
Nēliae (genitive)
Nēlia (nominative singular)
Nēliae (genitive singular)
Nēliae (dative singular)
Nēliam (accusative singular)
Nēliā (ablative singular)
Nēlia (singular vocative)
Nēliae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Νήλεια (Nḗleia).


Suetia

Suetia f sg (genitive Suetiae); first declension

Suetiae (genitive)
Suetia (nominative singular)
Suetiae (genitive singular)
Suetiae (dative singular)
Suetiam (accusative singular)
Suetiā (ablative singular)
Suetia (singular vocative)


Svecia

Svecia f sg (genitive Sveciae); first declension

Sveciae (genitive)
Svecia (nominative singular)
Sveciae (genitive singular)
Sveciae (dative singular)
Sveciam (accusative singular)
Sveciā (ablative singular)
Svecia (singular vocative)
Suecia (alternative)
Suetia (alternative)

[ˈswɛːt͡ʃiä]


Avernus

Avernus m sg (genitive Avernī); second declension

Avernī (genitive)
Avernus (nominative singular)
Avernī (genitive singular)
Avernō (dative singular)
Avernum (accusative singular)
Avernō (ablative singular)
Averne (singular vocative)
Avernī (locative singular)

Catalan: avern

English: Avernus

Galician: averno

Italian: Averno

Portuguese: averno

Spanish: averno

Ancient Greek ἄορνος (áornos), ἄϝορνος (áwornos, “birdless”), from ἀ- (a-, “without”) + ὄρνις (órnis, “bird”). The lack of birds was likely due to fatal gases like carbon dioxide seeping from the volcanically active lake.


Aetolia

Aetōlia f sg (genitive Aetōliae); first declension

Aetōlia (canonical feminine singular)
Aetōliae (genitive)
Aetōlia (nominative singular)
Aetōliae (genitive singular)
Aetōliae (dative singular)
Aetōliam (accusative singular)
Aetōliā (ablative singular)
Aetōlia (singular vocative)

[äe̯ˈt̪oːlʲiä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Αἰτωλία (Aitōlía).

Aetolia (A mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern prefecture of Aetolia-Acarnania)


Tempe

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τέμπη (Témpē).

A valley in Thessaly, modern Greece, through which ran the river Peneus


Belorussia

Belorussia f sg (genitive Belorussiae); first declension

Belorussiae (genitive)
Belorussia (nominative singular)
Belorussiae (genitive singular)
Belorussiae (dative singular)
Belorussiam (accusative singular)
Belorussiā (ablative singular)
Belorussia (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


Tanagra

Tānagra f sg (genitive Tānagrae); first declension

Tānagra (canonical feminine singular)
Tānagrae (genitive)
Tānagra (nominative singular)
Tānagrae (genitive singular)
Tānagrae (dative singular)
Tānagram (accusative singular)
Tānagrā (ablative singular)
Tānagra (singular vocative)
Tānagrae (locative singular)

[ˈt̪äːnäɡrä]

[ˈt̪äːnäɡrä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τάναγρα (Tánagra).

A town of Boeotia situated on a fertile plain upon the left bank of the Asopus


Orchomenus

Orchomenus m sg (genitive Orchomenī); second declension

Orchomenī (genitive)
Orchomenus (nominative singular)
Orchomenī (genitive singular)
Orchomenō (dative singular)
Orchomenum (accusative singular)
Orchomenō (ablative singular)
Orchomene (singular vocative)
Orchomenī (locative singular)
Orchomenos (alternative)

[ɔrˈkʰɔmɛnʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὀρχομενός (Orkhomenós).


Alander

Alander m sg (genitive Alandrī); second declension

Alandrī (genitive)
Alander (nominative singular)
Alandrī (genitive singular)
Alandrō (dative singular)
Alandrum (accusative singular)
Alandrō (ablative singular)
Alander (singular vocative)

[äˈɫ̪än̪d̪ɛr]


Thessalonica

Thessalonīca f sg (genitive Thessalonīcae); first declension

Thessalonīca (canonical feminine singular)
Thessalonīcae (genitive)
Thessalonīca (nominative singular)
Thessalonīcae (genitive singular)
Thessalonīcae (dative singular)
Thessalonīcam (accusative singular)
Thessalonīcā (ablative singular)
Thessalonīca (singular vocative)
Thessalonīcae (locative singular)

[t̪ʰɛs̠ːäɫ̪ɔˈniːkä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη (Thessălonī́kē).

der

Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη


Varsovia

la-proper noun

Varsovia f sg (genitive Varsoviae); first declension

Varsoviae (genitive)
Varsovia (nominative singular)
Varsoviae (genitive singular)
Varsoviae (dative singular)
Varsoviam (accusative singular)
Varsoviā (ablative singular)
Varsovia (singular vocative)
Varsoviae (locative singular)

Catalan: Varsòvia

French: Varsovie

Galician: Varsovia

Italian: Varsavia

Portuguese: Varsóvia

Romanian: Varșovia

Spanish: Varsovia


Frisia

Frīsia f sg (genitive Frīsiae); first declension

Frīsia (canonical feminine singular)
Frīsiae (genitive)
Frīsia (nominative singular)
Frīsiae (genitive singular)
Frīsiae (dative singular)
Frīsiam (accusative singular)
Frīsiā (ablative singular)
Frīsia (singular vocative)

Catalan: Frísia

French: Frise

Italian: Frisia

Portuguese: Frísia

Spanish: Frisia

Friesland (a region of Western Europe, straddling the Netherlands and Germany)


Pharsalus

Pharsālus m sg (genitive Pharsālī); second declension

Pharsālus (canonical masculine singular)
Pharsālī (genitive)
Pharsālus (nominative singular)
Pharsālī (genitive singular)
Pharsālō (dative singular)
Pharsālum (accusative singular)
Pharsālō (ablative singular)
Pharsāle (singular vocative)
Pharsālī (locative singular)

[pʰärˈs̠äːɫ̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Φάρσαλος (Phársalos).

a city of Thessaly where Caesar defeated Pompey


Atropatene

Ātropatēnē f sg (genitive Ātropatēnēs); first declension

Ātropatēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Ātropatēnēs (genitive)
Ātropatēnē (nominative singular)
Ātropatēnēs (genitive singular)
Ātropatēnae (dative singular)
Ātropatēnēn (accusative singular)
Ātropatēnē (ablative singular)
Ātropatēnē (singular vocative)
Ātropatēnae (locative singular)

[äːt̪rɔpäˈt̪eːneː]


Servia

Servia f sg (genitive Serviae); first declension

Serviae (genitive)
Servia (nominative singular)
Serviae (genitive singular)
Serviae (dative singular)
Serviam (accusative singular)
Serviā (ablative singular)
Servia (singular vocative)

In nona Tabula[:] Iaziges metanastae[,] Dacia Vulachia[,] Mysia superior: Seruia[,] Mysia inferior Bosna[,] Tratia[,] Chersonesus.

1511, Bernardus Sylvanus ed., Jacobus Angelus's translation of Ptolemy as Liber Geographica, Bk VIII

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


Turcia

Turcia f sg (genitive Turciae); first declension

Turciae (genitive)
Turcia (nominative singular)
Turciae (genitive singular)
Turciae (dative singular)
Turciam (accusative singular)
Turciā (ablative singular)
Turcia (singular vocative)
Turciae (locative singular)

→ Aragonese: Turquía

→ Aromanian: Turchia

→ Basque: Turkia

→ Breton: Turkia

→ Catalan: Turquia

→ French: Turquie

→ Galician: Turquía

→ German: Türkei

→ Irish: Tuirc

→ Istriot: Turcheîa

→ Italian: Turchia

→ Norman: Turtchie, Turquie, Turqùie

→ Portuguese: Turquia

→ Romanian: Turcia

desc

→ Romansch: Tirchia, Terchia, Tertgia, Tertgeia, Türchia

→ Sicilian: Turchìa

→ Spanish: Turquía
→ Tagalog: Turkiya

From Byzantine Greek Τουρκίᾱ (Tourkíā, “Turkey”), itself being Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos) (borrowed into Latin as Turcus (“A Turk, Turkish”), see there for further etymology) with suffix -ίᾱ (-íā).

bor

(New Latin) Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Abia

la-proper noun

Abia f sg (genitive Abiae); first declension

Abiae (genitive)
Abia (nominative singular)
Abiae (genitive singular)
Abiae (dative singular)
Abiam (accusative singular)
Abiā (ablative singular)
Abia (singular vocative)
Abiae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀβία (Abía).

a town of Messenia situated near the borders with Laconia


Caesarea

Caesarēa f sg (genitive Caesarēae); first declension

Caesarēa (canonical feminine singular)
Caesarēae (genitive)
Caesarēa (nominative singular)
Caesarēae (genitive singular)
Caesarēae (dative singular)
Caesarēam (accusative singular)
Caesarēā (ablative singular)
Caesarēa (singular vocative)
Caesarēae (locative singular)

→ Catalan: Cesarea

→ English: Caesarea

→ French: Césarée

→ Italian: Cesarea

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia) (calque)

→ Arabic: قَيْسارِيّة (qaysāriyya)

→ Turkish: Kayserya

→ Old Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia)

→ Hebrew: קֵיסָרְיָה (Keysaryá)

→ Turkish: Kayseri

→ Russian: Кесари́я (Kesaríja)

Old Galician-Portuguese: Cesaira

→ Polish: Cezarea

→ Portuguese: Cesareia

→ Spanish: Cesarea

[käe̯s̠äˈreːä]

[t͡ʃes̬äˈrɛːä]

From Caesar + -ēa, on the pattern of Alexandrēa and similar. In sense 2, by phono-semantic matching of English Jersey.

phono-semantic matching

(New Latin) Jersey (an island and dependency of the United Kingdom)


Sabora

la-proper noun

Sabora f sg (genitive Saborae); first declension

Saborae (genitive)
Sabora (nominative singular)
Saborae (genitive singular)
Saborae (dative singular)
Saboram (accusative singular)
Saborā (ablative singular)
Sabora (singular vocative)
Saborae (locative singular)

Hispania Baetica
Hispania Baetica#English


Aquitania

Aquītānia f sg (genitive Aquītāniae); first declension

Aquītānia (canonical feminine singular)
Aquītāniae (genitive)
Aquītānia (nominative singular)
Aquītāniae (genitive singular)
Aquītāniae (dative singular)
Aquītāniam (accusative singular)
Aquītāniā (ablative singular)
Aquītānia (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Aquitània

desctree

→ French: Aquitaine
→ English: Aquitaine

→ German: Aquitanien

Occitan: Guiana, → Aquitània

Old French: Aguyenne, Guyenne, Guienne

French: Guyenne, Guienne (obsolete)
→ English: Guyenne

→ Portuguese: Aquitânia (learned)

→ Spanish: Aquitania

[äkʷiːˈt̪äːniä]

Probably from aqua (“water”), as in nearby provinces Aquae Tarbellicae or Aquae Augustae or the dative plural aquis, + -ania.


Slovacia

la-proper noun

Slovācia f sg (genitive Slovāciae); first declension

Slovācia (canonical feminine singular)
Slovāciae (genitive)
Slovācia (nominative singular)
Slovāciae (genitive singular)
Slovāciae (dative singular)
Slovāciam (accusative singular)
Slovāciā (ablative singular)
Slovācia (singular vocative)

[s̠ɫ̪oˈu̯äkiä]


Vespasianus

Vespasiānus m (genitive Vespasiānī); second declension

Vespasiānus (canonical masculine)
Vespasiānī (genitive)
Vespasiānus (nominative singular)
Vespasiānī (nominative plural)
Vespasiānī (genitive singular)
Vespasiānōrum (genitive plural)
Vespasiānō (dative singular)
Vespasiānīs (dative plural)
Vespasiānum (accusative singular)
Vespasiānōs (accusative plural)
Vespasiānō (ablative singular)
Vespasiānīs (ablative plural)
Vespasiāne (singular vocative)
Vespasiānī (plural vocative)

[u̯ɛs̠päs̠iˈäːnʊs̠]

Apparently from Vespasiae, a town near Nursia in Samnium.

Titus Flavius Vespasianus

The Roman emperor from AD 69 to 79, succeeded by his son Titus


Nicaea

Nīcaea f sg (genitive Nīcaeae); first declension

Nīcaea (canonical feminine singular)
Nīcaeae (genitive)
Nīcaea (nominative singular)
Nīcaeae (genitive singular)
Nīcaeae (dative singular)
Nīcaeam (accusative singular)
Nīcaeā (ablative singular)
Nīcaea (singular vocative)
Nīcaeae (locative singular)

Nicaea, Hellenic city in northwestern Anatolia


Helvetia

Helvētia f sg (genitive Helvētiae); first declension

Helvētia (canonical feminine singular)
Helvētiae (genitive)
Helvētia (nominative singular)
Helvētiae (genitive singular)
Helvētiae (dative singular)
Helvētiam (accusative singular)
Helvētiā (ablative singular)
Helvētia (singular vocative)
Helvētiae (locative singular)

→ Armenian: Հելվեցիա (Helvecʻia)

→ English: Helvetia

→ French: Helvétie

desctree

→ Greek: Ελβετία (Elvetía)
→ Romanian: Elveția

→ Irish: Eilvéis

→ Italian: Elvezia

→ Manx: Elveeish

→ Scottish Gaelic: Eilbheis

[hɛɫ̪ˈu̯eːt̪iä]

(New Latin) Switzerland (a country in Central Europe)


Naxos

la-proper noun

Naxos f sg (genitive Naxī); second declension

Naxī (genitive)
Naxos (nominative singular)
Naxī (genitive singular)
Naxō (dative singular)
Naxon (accusative singular)
Naxō (ablative singular)
Naxe (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Νάξος (Náxos).


Amorgos

Amorgos f sg (genitive Amorgī); second declension

Amorgī (genitive)
Amorgos (nominative singular)
Amorgī (genitive singular)
Amorgō (dative singular)
Amorgon (accusative singular)
Amorgō (ablative singular)
Amorge (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀμοργός (Amorgós).


Occitania

Occitānia f sg (genitive Occitāniae); first declension

Occitānia (canonical feminine singular)
Occitāniae (genitive)
Occitānia (nominative singular)
Occitāniae (genitive singular)
Occitāniae (dative singular)
Occitāniam (accusative singular)
Occitāniā (ablative singular)
Occitānia (singular vocative)

desc

أُوكْسِيتَانِيَا

Arabic: أُوكْسِيتَانِيَا (ʔūksītāniyā)

Arabic: أُوكْسِيتَانِيَا (ʔūksītāniyā)

Azerbaijani: Oksitaniya

English: Occitania

French: Occitanie

German: Okzitanien

Persian: اکسیتانیا (oksitâniyâ)

Romanian: Occitania

Russian: Оксита́ния (Oksitánija)

Spanish: Occitania

Turkish: Oksitanya

Ukrainian: Оксита́нія (Oksytánija)

Uzbek: Oksitaniya

[otː͡ʃiˈt̪äːniä]

(New Latin) Occitania (a region of Europe)


Pactolus

la-proper noun

Pactōlus m sg (genitive Pactōlī); second declension

Pactōlus (canonical masculine singular)
Pactōlī (genitive)
Pactōlus (nominative singular)
Pactōlī (genitive singular)
Pactōlō (dative singular)
Pactōlum (accusative singular)
Pactōlō (ablative singular)
Pactōle (singular vocative)

[päkˈt̪oːɫ̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πακτωλός (Paktōlós).


Hyllus

Hyllus m sg (genitive Hyllī); second declension

Hyllī (genitive)
Hyllus (nominative singular)
Hyllī (genitive singular)
Hyllō (dative singular)
Hyllum (accusative singular)
Hyllō (ablative singular)
Hylle (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) The son of Heracles and Deianira


Francogallia

Francogallia f sg (genitive Francogalliae); first declension

Francogalliae (genitive)
Francogallia (nominative singular)
Francogalliae (genitive singular)
Francogalliae (dative singular)
Francogalliam (accusative singular)
Francogalliā (ablative singular)
Francogallia (singular vocative)
Francogalliae (locative singular)

[fräŋkɔˈɡälːʲiä]

(New Latin, Medieval Latin) France (a country in Western Europe)


Liverpolis

Liverpolis f sg (genitive Liverpolis); third declension

Liverpolis (genitive)
Liverpolis (nominative singular)
Liverpolis (genitive singular)
Liverpolī (dative singular)
Liverpolim (accusative singular)
Liverpolin (accusative singular)
Liverpolī (ablative singular)
Liverpolis (singular vocative)
Liverpolī (singular vocative)
Liverpolī (locative singular)

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

(New Latin) Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)


Inessa

Inēssa f sg (genitive Inēssae); first declension

Inēssa (canonical feminine singular)
Inēssae (genitive)
Inēssa (nominative singular)
Inēssae (genitive singular)
Inēssae (dative singular)
Inēssam (accusative singular)
Inēssā (ablative singular)
Inēssa (singular vocative)
Inēssae (locative singular)

A Sicilian city situated at the foot of the Aetna


Batavia

Batā̆via f (genitive Batā̆viae); first declension

Batā̆via (canonical feminine)
Batā̆viae (genitive)
Batā̆via (nominative singular)
Batā̆viae (nominative plural)
Batā̆viae (genitive singular)
Batā̆viārum (genitive plural)
Batā̆viae (dative singular)
Batā̆viīs (dative plural)
Batā̆viam (accusative singular)
Batā̆viās (accusative plural)
Batā̆viā (ablative singular)
Batā̆viīs (ablative plural)
Batā̆via (singular vocative)
Batā̆viae (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Dutch: Batavia
Javindo: Batafia
Petjo: Betawie
→ Caribbean Javanese: Betawi, mBetawi
→ Danish: Batavia
→ English: Batavia
→ French: Batavia
→ Indonesian: Batavia, Betawi
→ Javanese: ꦧꦠꦮꦶ (Batawi), ꦧꦼꦠꦮꦶ (Betawi)
→ Peranakan Indonesian: Betawi
→ Sundanese: Batawi

desc

→ Old High German: Pazauwa (various forms attested)

Middle High German:

German: Passau

[bäˈt̪äːu̯iä]

[bäˈt̪äu̯iä]

[bäˈt̪äːviä]

From Proto-Germanic *Batawjō (“good island”).

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

(New Latin) Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

constituent countries
constituent country

(New Latin) Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Aegina

la-proper noun

Aegīna f sg (genitive Aegīnae); first declension

Aegīna (canonical feminine singular)
Aegīnae (genitive)
Aegīna (nominative singular)
Aegīnae (genitive singular)
Aegīnae (dative singular)
Aegīnam (accusative singular)
Aegīnā (ablative singular)
Aegīna (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Αἴγινα (Aígina).


Sybaris

Sybaris f sg (genitive Sybaris); third declension

Sybaris (genitive)
Sybaris (nominative singular)
Sybaris (genitive singular)
Sybarī (dative singular)
Sybarim (accusative singular)
Sybarin (accusative singular)
Sybarī (ablative singular)
Sybaris (singular vocative)
Sybarī (locative singular)

[ˈs̠ʏbärɪs̠]

A city of Magna Graecia, notable for the luxury of its inhabitants


Hungaria

Hungaria f sg (genitive Hungariae); first declension

Hungariae (genitive)
Hungaria (nominative singular)
Hungariae (genitive singular)
Hungariae (dative singular)
Hungariam (accusative singular)
Hungariā (ablative singular)
Hungaria (singular vocative)
Ungaria (alternative)

Old French: Hungerie (c. 1140)

French: Hongrie

Norman: Hongrie

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 翁加里亞 (Wēngjiālǐyà)

→ Old English: Hungerie

desc

Middle English: Hungary, Hungrye, Hungry

English: Hungary

From Hungari, Ungari (“Hungarians”). The initial h- appeared under the influence of Hunni (“Huns”), of whom Late Medieval Hungarians claimed to be descendants. See Hun.


Fescennia

la-proper noun

Fescennia f sg (genitive Fescenniae); first declension

Fescenniae (genitive)
Fescennia (nominative singular)
Fescenniae (genitive singular)
Fescenniae (dative singular)
Fescenniam (accusative singular)
Fescenniā (ablative singular)
Fescennia (singular vocative)
Fescenniae (locative singular)

[feʃˈʃɛnːiä]


Nederlandia

Nederlandia f sg (genitive Nederlandiae); first declension

Nederlandiae (genitive)
Nederlandia (nominative singular)
Nederlandiae (genitive singular)
Nederlandiae (dative singular)
Nederlandiam (accusative singular)
Nederlandiā (ablative singular)
Nederlandia (singular vocative)


Ios

Ios f sg (genitive Iī); second declension

Iī (genitive)
Ios (nominative singular)
Iī (genitive singular)
Iō (dative singular)
Ion (accusative singular)
Iō (ablative singular)
Ie (singular vocative)


Nigella

Nigella m sg (genitive Nigellae); first declension

Nigellae (genitive)
Nigella (nominative singular)
Nigellae (genitive singular)
Nigellae (dative singular)
Nigellam (accusative singular)
Nigellā (ablative singular)
Nigella (singular vocative)

[niˈd͡ʒɛlːä]

A river of Gallia Cisalpina mentioned in the Tabula Peutingeriana


Melitene

Melitēnē f sg (genitive Melitēnēs); first declension

Melitēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Melitēnēs (genitive)
Melitēnē (nominative singular)
Melitēnēs (genitive singular)
Melitēnae (dative singular)
Melitēnēn (accusative singular)
Melitēnē (ablative singular)
Melitēnē (singular vocative)
Melitēnae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μελιτηνή (Melitēnḗ).

A city in the eastern part of Cappadocia, now Malatya


Burdigala

Burdigala f sg (genitive Burdigalae); first declension

Burdigalae (genitive)
Burdigala (nominative singular)
Burdigalae (genitive singular)
Burdigalae (dative singular)
Burdigalam (accusative singular)
Burdigalā (ablative singular)
Burdigala (singular vocative)
Burdigalae (locative singular)
Burdegala (alternative)
Burdegalis (alternative)

[bʊrˈd̪ɪɡäɫ̪ä]

Named after Bituriges Vivisci, a Gaulish tribe in the area. The first word is said to mean kings of the world, from Proto-Celtic *bitus + *rīxs.

Bordeaux (the capital city of the modern Gironde department, France; capital city of the modern region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Crotalus

Crotalus m sg (genitive Crotalī); second declension

Crotalī (genitive)
Crotalus (nominative singular)
Crotalī (genitive singular)
Crotalō (dative singular)
Crotalum (accusative singular)
Crotalō (ablative singular)
Crotale (singular vocative)

[ˈkrɔt̪äɫ̪ʊs̠]

A small river in Bruttium, now called Corace


Scotus

la-noun

Scōtus m (genitive Scōtī); second declension

Scōtus (canonical masculine)
Scōtī (genitive)
Scōtus (nominative singular)
Scōtī (nominative plural)
Scōtī (genitive singular)
Scōtōrum (genitive plural)
Scōtō (dative singular)
Scōtīs (dative plural)
Scōtum (accusative singular)
Scōtōs (accusative plural)
Scōtō (ablative singular)
Scōtīs (ablative plural)
Scōte (singular vocative)
Scōtī (plural vocative)

Possibly from Celtic, but not matching any known ethnonyms. See Scoti.


donativum

dōnātīvum n (genitive dōnātīvī); second declension

dōnātīvum (canonical neuter)
dōnātīvī (genitive)
dōnātīvum (nominative singular)
dōnātīva (nominative plural)
dōnātīvī (genitive singular)
dōnātīvōrum (genitive plural)
dōnātīvō (dative singular)
dōnātīvīs (dative plural)
dōnātīvum (accusative singular)
dōnātīva (accusative plural)
dōnātīvō (ablative singular)
dōnātīvīs (ablative plural)
dōnātīvum (singular vocative)
dōnātīva (plural vocative)

Spanish: donadío

→ English: donative

Italian: donativo

→ Portuguese: donativo

[d̪oːnäːˈt̪iːu̯ʊ̃ˑ]

financial gratuity given to Roman soldiers at the accession of the Emperor, later than Augustus

(rare) financial gratuity given to Roman soldiers on occasion of a triumph in the Republican era


gallicus

la-adj

gallicus (feminine gallica, neuter gallicum, adverb gallicē); first/second-declension adjective

gallica (feminine)
gallicum (neuter)
gallicē (adverb)
gallicus (masculine nominative singular)
gallica (feminine nominative singular)
gallicum (neuter nominative singular)
gallicī (masculine nominative singular)
gallicae (feminine nominative plural)
gallica (neuter nominative plural)
gallicī (genitive masculine singular)
gallicae (feminine genitive singular)
gallicī (genitive neuter singular)
gallicōrum (genitive masculine singular)
gallicārum (feminine genitive plural)
gallicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
gallicō (dative masculine singular)
gallicae (dative feminine singular)
gallicō (dative neuter singular)
gallicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
gallicum (accusative masculine singular)
gallicam (accusative feminine singular)
gallicum (accusative neuter singular)
gallicōs (accusative masculine singular)
gallicās (accusative feminine plural)
gallica (accusative neuter plural)
gallicō (ablative masculine singular)
gallicā (ablative feminine singular)
gallicō (ablative neuter singular)
gallicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
gallice (masculine singular vocative)
gallica (feminine singular vocative)
gallicum (neuter singular vocative)
gallicī (masculine singular vocative)
gallicae (feminine plural vocative)
gallica (neuter plural vocative)
Gallicus (alternative)

Asturian: galgu

English: Gallic

Old French: galoche (possibly)

French: galoche

→ Middle English: galoche

English: galosh

→ Galician: galocha

Galician: galgo

Old Galician-Portuguese: galgo

Portuguese: galgo

Spanish: galgo

→ Greek: γαλλικός (gallikós)

[ˈɡälːʲɪkʊs̠]

(historical) Gallic, Gaulish, of or related to ancient Gaul and the Gauls

(New Latin) French, of or related to modern France and the French


occitanicus

occitānicus (feminine occitānica, neuter occitānicum); first/second-declension adjective

occitānicus (canonical)
occitānica (feminine)
occitānicum (neuter)
occitānicus (masculine nominative singular)
occitānica (feminine nominative singular)
occitānicum (neuter nominative singular)
occitānicī (masculine nominative singular)
occitānicae (feminine nominative plural)
occitānica (neuter nominative plural)
occitānicī (genitive masculine singular)
occitānicae (feminine genitive singular)
occitānicī (genitive neuter singular)
occitānicōrum (genitive masculine singular)
occitānicārum (feminine genitive plural)
occitānicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
occitānicō (dative masculine singular)
occitānicae (dative feminine singular)
occitānicō (dative neuter singular)
occitānicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
occitānicum (accusative masculine singular)
occitānicam (accusative feminine singular)
occitānicum (accusative neuter singular)
occitānicōs (accusative masculine singular)
occitānicās (accusative feminine plural)
occitānica (accusative neuter plural)
occitānicō (ablative masculine singular)
occitānicā (ablative feminine singular)
occitānicō (ablative neuter singular)
occitānicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
occitānice (masculine singular vocative)
occitānica (feminine singular vocative)
occitānicum (neuter singular vocative)
occitānicī (masculine singular vocative)
occitānicae (feminine plural vocative)
occitānica (neuter plural vocative)

[ɔkːɪˈt̪äːnɪkʊs̠]


suecicus

suecicus (feminine suecica, neuter suecicum); first/second-declension adjective

suecica (feminine)
suecicum (neuter)
suecicus (masculine nominative singular)
suecica (feminine nominative singular)
suecicum (neuter nominative singular)
suecicī (masculine nominative singular)
suecicae (feminine nominative plural)
suecica (neuter nominative plural)
suecicī (genitive masculine singular)
suecicae (feminine genitive singular)
suecicī (genitive neuter singular)
suecicōrum (genitive masculine singular)
suecicārum (feminine genitive plural)
suecicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
suecicō (dative masculine singular)
suecicae (dative feminine singular)
suecicō (dative neuter singular)
suecicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
suecicum (accusative masculine singular)
suecicam (accusative feminine singular)
suecicum (accusative neuter singular)
suecicōs (accusative masculine singular)
suecicās (accusative feminine plural)
suecica (accusative neuter plural)
suecicō (ablative masculine singular)
suecicā (ablative feminine singular)
suecicō (ablative neuter singular)
suecicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
suecice (masculine singular vocative)
suecica (feminine singular vocative)
suecicum (neuter singular vocative)
suecicī (masculine singular vocative)
suecicae (feminine plural vocative)
suecica (neuter plural vocative)
svecicus (alternative)


Adrabigania

la-proper noun

Adrabigania f sg (genitive Adrabiganiae); first declension

Adrabiganiae (genitive)
Adrabigania (nominative singular)
Adrabiganiae (genitive singular)
Adrabiganiae (dative singular)
Adrabiganiam (accusative singular)
Adrabiganiā (ablative singular)
Adrabigania (singular vocative)


Lichtenstenum

Lichtenstēnum n sg (genitive Lichtenstēnī); second declension

Lichtenstēnum (canonical neuter singular)
Lichtenstēnī (genitive)
Lichtenstēnum (nominative singular)
Lichtenstēnī (genitive singular)
Lichtenstēnō (dative singular)
Lichtenstēnum (accusative singular)
Lichtenstēnō (ablative singular)
Lichtenstēnum (singular vocative)
Lichtenstēnī (locative singular)

(New Latin) Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Luxemburgum

Luxemburgum n sg (genitive Luxemburgī); second declension

Luxemburgī (genitive)
Luxemburgum (nominative singular)
Luxemburgī (genitive singular)
Luxemburgō (dative singular)
Luxemburgum (accusative singular)
Luxemburgō (ablative singular)
Luxemburgum (singular vocative)
Luxemburgī (locative singular)

(New Latin) Luxembourg (a country in Central Europe)


Cosa

Cosa f sg (genitive Cosae); first declension

Cosae (genitive)
Cosa (nominative singular)
Cosae (genitive singular)
Cosae (dative singular)
Cosam (accusative singular)
Cosā (ablative singular)
Cosa (singular vocative)
Cosae (locative singular)

From Etruscan 𐌂𐌖𐌔𐌉 (cusi) or 𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌀 (cosia).

an Etruscan city of Etruria, situated on the seacoast


Sena

Sena f sg (genitive Senae); first declension

Senae (genitive)
Sena (nominative singular)
Senae (genitive singular)
Senae (dative singular)
Senam (accusative singular)
Senā (ablative singular)
Sena (singular vocative)
Senae (locative singular)

Italian: Siena

Sicilian: Sena

From Gaulish Senōnēs, a local tribe from antiquity.


Ardea

Ardea f sg (genitive Ardeae); first declension

Ardeae (genitive)
Ardea (nominative singular)
Ardeae (genitive singular)
Ardeae (dative singular)
Ardeam (accusative singular)
Ardeā (ablative singular)
Ardea (singular vocative)
Ardeae (locative singular)

a very ancient city of Latium, capital of the Rutuli


Chaeronea

Chaerōnēa f sg (genitive Chaerōnēae); first declension

Chaerōnēa (canonical feminine singular)
Chaerōnēae (genitive)
Chaerōnēa (nominative singular)
Chaerōnēae (genitive singular)
Chaerōnēae (dative singular)
Chaerōnēam (accusative singular)
Chaerōnēā (ablative singular)
Chaerōnēa (singular vocative)
Chaerōnēae (locative singular)
Chaerōneia (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χαιρώνεια (Khairṓneia).

A town of Boeotia situated near the Cephisus and the borders of Phocis and birthplace of Plutarch


Tatta

Tatta f sg (genitive Tattae); first declension

Tattae (genitive)
Tatta (nominative singular)
Tattae (genitive singular)
Tattae (dative singular)
Tattam (accusative singular)
Tattā (ablative singular)
Tatta (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τάττα (Tátta).

A large salt lake on the frontier between Lycaonia and Galatia, now the Lake Tuz


congiarium

la-noun

congiārium n (genitive congiāriī or congiārī); second declension

congiārium (canonical neuter)
congiāriī (genitive)
congiārī (genitive)
congiārium (nominative singular)
congiāria (nominative plural)
congiāriī (genitive singular)
congiārī (genitive singular)
congiāriōrum (genitive plural)
congiāriō (dative singular)
congiāriīs (dative plural)
congiārium (accusative singular)
congiāria (accusative plural)
congiāriō (ablative singular)
congiāriīs (ablative plural)
congiārium (singular vocative)
congiāria (plural vocative)

From congius (“congius, approximately a gallon or two”) + -ārium (“place for”).


Thasos

la-proper noun

Thasos f sg (genitive Thasī); second declension

Thasī (genitive)
Thasos (nominative singular)
Thasī (genitive singular)
Thasō (dative singular)
Thason (accusative singular)
Thasō (ablative singular)
Thase (singular vocative)

[ˈt̪ʰäs̠ɔs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θάσος (Thásos).


Salii

Saliī m pl (genitive Saliōrum); second declension

Saliī (canonical masculine plural)
Saliōrum (genitive)
Saliī (nominative plural)
Saliōrum (genitive plural)
Saliīs (dative plural)
Saliōs (accusative plural)
Saliīs (ablative plural)
Saliī (plural vocative)

From salīre (“to leap, to jump”) + -īus (“-y: forming adjectives”).

(historical) Salii, the priests of Mars Gradivus in Rome


Patmos

Patmos f sg (genitive Patmī); second declension

Patmī (genitive)
Patmos (nominative singular)
Patmī (genitive singular)
Patmō (dative singular)
Patmon (accusative singular)
Patmō (ablative singular)
Patme (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάτμος (Pátmos).


Patara

Patara n pl (genitive Patarōrum); second declension

Patarōrum (genitive)
Patara (nominative plural)
Patarōrum (genitive plural)
Patarīs (dative plural)
Patara (accusative plural)
Patarīs (ablative plural)
Patara (plural vocative)
Patarīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάταρα (Pátara).

a maritime city of Lycia, celebrated for its temple of Apollo


Tolosa

Tolōsa f sg (genitive Tolōsae); first declension

Tolōsa (canonical feminine singular)
Tolōsae (genitive)
Tolōsa (nominative singular)
Tolōsae (genitive singular)
Tolōsae (dative singular)
Tolōsam (accusative singular)
Tolōsā (ablative singular)
Tolōsa (singular vocative)
Tolōsae (locative singular)

[t̪ɔˈɫ̪oːs̠ä]

[t̪oˈlɔːs̬ä]

Probably of Aquitanian, Iberian, or Gaulish origin; compare Ancient Greek Τολῶσσα (Tolôssa).

Toulouse (the capital city of the Haute-Garonne department, France; capital city of the region of Occitanie)


voivoda

la-noun

voivoda m (genitive voivodae); first declension

voivodae (genitive)
voivoda (nominative singular)
voivodae (nominative plural)
voivodae (genitive singular)
voivodārum (genitive plural)
voivodae (dative singular)
voivodīs (dative plural)
voivodam (accusative singular)
voivodās (accusative plural)
voivodā (ablative singular)
voivodīs (ablative plural)
voivoda (singular vocative)
voivodae (plural vocative)

[ˈu̯ɔi̯u̯ɔd̪ä]


Lycus

la-proper noun

Lycus m sg (genitive Lycī); second declension

Lycī (genitive)
Lycus (nominative singular)
Lycī (genitive singular)
Lycō (dative singular)
Lycum (accusative singular)
Lycō (ablative singular)
Lyce (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λύκος (Lúkos). Doublet of lupus and lycos.


Mandela

Mandēla f sg (genitive Mandēlae); first declension

Mandēla (canonical feminine singular)
Mandēlae (genitive)
Mandēla (nominative singular)
Mandēlae (genitive singular)
Mandēlae (dative singular)
Mandēlam (accusative singular)
Mandēlā (ablative singular)
Mandēla (singular vocative)
Mandēlae (locative singular)

[män̪ˈd̪eːɫ̪ä]

[män̪ˈd̪ɛːlä]

a small town in the Sabines, near the Digentia


Bristolium

Bristolium n (genitive Bristoliī or Bristolī); second declension

Bristoliī (genitive)
Bristolī (genitive)
Bristolium (nominative singular)
Bristoliī (genitive singular)
Bristolī (genitive singular)
Bristoliō (dative singular)
Bristolium (accusative singular)
Bristoliō (ablative singular)
Bristolium (singular vocative)
Bristoliī (locative singular)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest modern England)


Melita

Melita f sg (genitive Melitae); first declension

Melitae (genitive)
Melita (nominative singular)
Melitae (genitive singular)
Melitae (dative singular)
Melitam (accusative singular)
Melitā (ablative singular)
Melita (singular vocative)
Melitae (locative singular)
Melitē (alternative)
Malta (alternative)

desctree

→ Arabic: مَالِطَا (māliṭā)
Maltese: Malta (see there for further descendants)
→ Ottoman Turkish: مالطه (malta)
Turkish: Malta
→ South Levantine Arabic: مالطا (mālṭa)

English: Melita

→ Proto-Slavic: *Mьlětъ

Serbo-Croatian: Mljet

→ English: Mljet

→ Greek: Μλιετ (Mliet)

Venetan: Meleda

→ Italian: Meleda

→ English: Meleda (obsolete)

From Ancient Greek Μελίτη (Melítē). In reference to Mdina, apparently from its role as the seat of government over the island.

(New Latin) Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)


Monoecus

la-proper noun

Monoecus m sg (genitive Monoecī); second declension

Monoecī (genitive)
Monoecus (nominative singular)
Monoecī (genitive singular)
Monoecō (dative singular)
Monoecum (accusative singular)
Monoecō (ablative singular)
Monoece (singular vocative)
Monoecī (locative singular)


Lutetia

Lūtētia f sg (genitive Lūtētiae); first declension

Lūtētia (canonical feminine singular)
Lūtētiae (genitive)
Lūtētia (nominative singular)
Lūtētiae (genitive singular)
Lūtētiae (dative singular)
Lūtētiam (accusative singular)
Lūtētiā (ablative singular)
Lūtētia (singular vocative)
Lūtētiae (locative singular)

Ancient Greek: Λευκετία (Leuketía)

English: Lutetia

[ɫ̪uːˈt̪eːt̪iä]

[luˈt̪ɛːt̪͡s̪iä]

From the Gaulish word for “swamp”, from Proto-Celtic *lutā (“dirt, mud”). See also Welsh lludedic (“slimy, muddy”) and Old Irish loth (“dirt”).

Lutetia (ancient Roman city and island in modern France; modern Paris)

Paris (the capital and largest city of modern France)


Lugdunum

Lugdūnum n sg (genitive Lugdūnī); second declension

Lugdūnum (canonical neuter singular)
Lugdūnī (genitive)
Lugdūnum (nominative singular)
Lugdūnī (genitive singular)
Lugdūnō (dative singular)
Lugdūnum (accusative singular)
Lugdūnō (ablative singular)
Lugdūnum (singular vocative)
Lugdūnī (locative singular)

French: Laon

French: Lyon

English: Lyons, Lyon

Italian: Lione

Spanish: Lyon, Lyón

→ Dutch: Leiden

→ English: Leiden

[ɫ̪ʊɡˈd̪uːnʊ̃ˑ]

An adaptation of the Gaulish *Lugudūnon, from Proto-Celtic *Lugus (“the god Lugus”) + *dūnom.


Massilia

Massilia f sg (genitive Massiliae); first declension

Massiliae (genitive)
Massilia (nominative singular)
Massiliae (genitive singular)
Massiliae (dative singular)
Massiliam (accusative singular)
Massiliā (ablative singular)
Massilia (singular vocative)
Massiliae (locative singular)

English: Marseille, Massilia, marcella

French: Marseille

Italian: Marsiglia

Occitan: Marselha

Portuguese: Marselha

Spanish: Marsella

[mäs̠ˈs̠ɪlʲiä]

From Ancient Greek Μασσαλία (Massalía), possibly an Ancient Ligurian toponym or perhaps from Ancient Greek μάσσων (mássōn, “further”) + ἅλς (háls, “sea”), literally “(city) on far end of the sea” cf. Ancient Greek παραλία (paralía).

af

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, in modern France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


Saticula

la-proper noun

Satīcula f sg (genitive Satīculae); first declension

Satīcula (canonical feminine singular)
Satīculae (genitive)
Satīcula (nominative singular)
Satīculae (genitive singular)
Satīculae (dative singular)
Satīculam (accusative singular)
Satīculā (ablative singular)
Satīcula (singular vocative)
Satīculae (locative singular)

A town in Samnium, situated near the frontiers with Campania


Vasconia

Vasconia f sg (genitive Vasconiae); first declension

Vasconiae (genitive)
Vasconia (nominative singular)
Vasconiae (genitive singular)
Vasconiae (dative singular)
Vasconiam (accusative singular)
Vasconiā (ablative singular)
Vasconia (singular vocative)
Vasconiae (locative singular)
Gasconia (alternative)
Wasconia (alternative)

desctree

Old French: Gascoigne
English: Gascony, Gascoigne
Middle French: Gascoigne
French: Gascogne
→ Swedish: Gascogne
Norman: Gascongne

From Vasconēs + -ia, from Ancient Greek Οὐασκώνων (Ouaskṓnōn).

autonomous community
autonomous community

(New Latin) Basque Country (an autonomous community of Spain)


Fundi

la-proper noun

Fundī m pl (genitive Fundōrum); second declension

Fundī (canonical masculine plural)
Fundōrum (genitive)
Fundī (nominative plural)
Fundōrum (genitive plural)
Fundīs (dative plural)
Fundōs (accusative plural)
Fundīs (ablative plural)
Fundī (plural vocative)
Fundīs (locative plural)

A coastal city in Latium situated on the Appian Way, now Fondi


Angulus

Angulus m sg (genitive Angulī); second declension

Angulī (genitive)
Angulus (nominative singular)
Angulī (genitive singular)
Angulō (dative singular)
Angulum (accusative singular)
Angulō (ablative singular)
Angule (singular vocative)
Angulī (locative singular)

[ˈäŋɡʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

A city of the Vestini, situated on a hill near the Adriatic Sea, now the town of Città Sant'Angelo


Cumae

Cūmae f pl (genitive Cūmārum); first declension

Cūmae (canonical feminine plural)
Cūmārum (genitive)
Cūmae (nominative plural)
Cūmārum (genitive plural)
Cūmīs (dative plural)
Cūmās (accusative plural)
Cūmīs (ablative plural)
Cūmae (plural vocative)
Cūmīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κύμη (Kúmē, “Cumae”).


Nero

Nerō m sg (genitive Nerōnis); third declension

Nerō (canonical masculine singular)
Nerōnis (genitive)
Nerō (nominative singular)
Nerōnis (genitive singular)
Nerōnī (dative singular)
Nerōnem (accusative singular)
Nerōne (ablative singular)
Nerō (singular vocative)

Italian: Nerone

Sicilian: Niruni

From Proto-Italic *nēr (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr, whence Ancient Greek ἀνήρ (anḗr).

Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.


cambrensis

la-adj

cambrēnsis (neuter cambrēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

cambrēnsis (canonical)
cambrēnse (neuter)
cambrēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
cambrēnse (neuter nominative singular)
cambrēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
cambrēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
cambrēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
cambrēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
cambrēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
cambrēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
cambrēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
cambrēnse (accusative neuter singular)
cambrēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
cambrēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
cambrēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
cambrēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
cambrēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
cambrēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
cambrēnse (neuter singular vocative)
cambrēnsēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
cambrēnsia (neuter plural vocative)


Mediolanum

la-proper noun

Mediolānum n sg (genitive Mediolānī); second declension

Mediolānum (canonical neuter singular)
Mediolānī (genitive)
Mediolānum (nominative singular)
Mediolānī (genitive singular)
Mediolānō (dative singular)
Mediolānum (accusative singular)
Mediolānō (ablative singular)
Mediolānum (singular vocative)
Mediolānī (locative singular)
Mediolānium (alternative)
MD (alternative)

Italian: Milano

desc

→ Arabic: مِيلَانُو (mīlānō)

→ Arabic: مِيلَانُو (mīlānō)

→ Catalan: Milà

→ French: Milan

→ English: Milan

zh-l

米蘭／米兰 (Mǐlán)

→ Chinese: 米蘭／米兰 (Mǐlán)

→ Greek: Μιλάνο (Miláno)

→ Japanese: ミラノ (Mirano)

→ Portuguese: Milão

→ Russian: Мила́н (Milán)

→ Spanish: Milán

Lombard: Milan, Miran, Milà

⇒ Italian: mediolanità

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Μεδιόλᾱνον (Mediólānon)

Greek: Μεδιόλανο (Mediólano)

→ German: Mailand

→ Polish: Mediolan

[mɛd̪iɔˈɫ̪äːnʊ̃ˑ]

Uncertain; possibly from Gaulish *medios (“middle, central”, from Proto-Celtic *medyos) + *lānom (“plain, field”), therefore meaning “in the middle of a plain”.

der

from Proto-Celtic <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro">*medyos</i>


Neapolis

la-proper noun

Neāpolis f sg (genitive Neāpolis or Neāpoleos or Neāpolios); third declension

Neāpolis (canonical feminine singular)
Neāpolis (genitive)
Neāpoleos (genitive)
Neāpolios (genitive)
Neāpolis (nominative singular)
Neāpolis (genitive singular)
Neāpoleos (genitive singular)
Neāpolios (genitive singular)
Neāpolī (dative singular)
Neāpolim (accusative singular)
Neāpolin (accusative singular)
Neāpolī (ablative singular)
Neāpolis (singular vocative)
Neāpolī (singular vocative)
Neāpolī (locative singular)

French: Naples

→ English: Naples

→ Chinese: 那不勒斯 (Nàbùlèsī)

→ Japanese: ネイプルズ

desctree

Italian: Napoli
→ Chinese: 拿坡里 (Nápōlǐ)
→ English: Napoli
→ Estonian: Napoli
→ Finnish: Napoli
→ Greek: Νάπολη (Nápoli)
→ Japanese: ナポリ
→ Ottoman Turkish: ناپولی (Napoli)
Turkish: Napoli
→ Vietnamese: Napoli

Neapolitan: Napule

Portuguese: Nápoles

Romanian: Napoli

→ Russian: Неаполь (Neapolʹ)

Sicilian: Nàpuli

Spanish: Nápoles

From Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis), from νέα (néa, “new”) + πόλις (pólis, “city, city-state”). Varro's De Lingua Latina states that it was previously called Novapolis. Equivalent to neo- + -polis.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Neapolis.


Hiberus

la-proper noun

Hibērus m sg (genitive Hibērī); second declension

Hibērus (canonical masculine singular)
Hibērī (genitive)
Hibērus (nominative singular)
Hibērī (genitive singular)
Hibērō (dative singular)
Hibērum (accusative singular)
Hibērō (ablative singular)
Hibēre (singular vocative)
Ibērus (alternative)

Catalan: Ebre

Portuguese: Ebro

Spanish: Ebro

From the Ancient Greek Ἴβηρος (Íbēros), Ἴβηρ (Íbēr), of unknown meaning; possibly a local hydronym. Compare Basque ibar (“valley”), ibai (“river”) as well as the rivers Ibar and Evros (Ancient Greek Ἕβρος (Hébros)).

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis#English

the River Iberus, now the Ebro (a river in Hispania Tarraconensis that flows into the Mediterranean)


Oxonia

Oxōnia f sg (genitive Oxōniae); first declension

Oxōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Oxōniae (genitive)
Oxōnia (nominative singular)
Oxōniae (genitive singular)
Oxōniae (dative singular)
Oxōniam (accusative singular)
Oxōniā (ablative singular)
Oxōnia (singular vocative)
Oxōniae (locative singular)

English: Oxonian

From the first element of Old English Oxnaford (“Oxford”, literally “[where the] oxen ford”) + -ia.


Axon

la-proper noun

Axōn m sg (genitive Axōnis); third declension

Axōn (canonical masculine singular)
Axōnis (genitive)
Axōn (nominative singular)
Axōnis (genitive singular)
Axōnī (dative singular)
Axōnem (accusative singular)
Axōne (ablative singular)
Axōn (singular vocative)


Munda

Munda f sg (genitive Mundae); first declension

Mundae (genitive)
Munda (nominative singular)
Mundae (genitive singular)
Mundae (dative singular)
Mundam (accusative singular)
Mundā (ablative singular)
Munda (singular vocative)
Mundae (locative singular)

Believed to be from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, possibly Hispano-Celtic.


Adana

Adana n pl (genitive Adanōrum); second declension

Adanōrum (genitive)
Adana (nominative plural)
Adanōrum (genitive plural)
Adanīs (dative plural)
Adana (accusative plural)
Adanīs (ablative plural)
Adana (plural vocative)
Adanīs (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄδανα (Ádana).

A town in Cilicia situated on the road from Tarsus to Issus


Prusa

Prūsa f sg (genitive Prūsae); first declension

Prūsa (canonical feminine singular)
Prūsae (genitive)
Prūsa (nominative singular)
Prūsae (genitive singular)
Prūsae (dative singular)
Prūsam (accusative singular)
Prūsā (ablative singular)
Prūsa (singular vocative)
Prūsae (locative singular)


Hispalis

Hispalis f sg (genitive Hispalis); third declension

Hispalis (genitive)
Hispalis (nominative singular)
Hispalis (genitive singular)
Hispalī (dative singular)
Hispalem (accusative singular)
Hispale (ablative singular)
Hispalis (singular vocative)
Hispalī (locative singular)
Hispale (locative singular)

desctree

إِشْبِيلِيَة

→ Arabic: إِشْبِيلِيَة

→ Arabic: إِشْبِيلِيَة

[ˈhɪs̠pälʲɪs̠]

Ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “valley, plain”).

der

Seville (the capital city of modern Andalusia, Spain)


Gythium

la-proper noun

Gythium n sg (genitive Gythiī or Gythī); second declension

Gythiī (genitive)
Gythī (genitive)
Gythium (nominative singular)
Gythiī (genitive singular)
Gythī (genitive singular)
Gythiō (dative singular)
Gythium (accusative singular)
Gythiō (ablative singular)
Gythium (singular vocative)
Gythiī (locative singular)
Gythēum (alternative)

[ˈɡʏt̪ʰiʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γύθιον (Gúthion).

A town of Laconia, situated near the mouth of the river Eurotas


Phlegra

Phlegra f sg (genitive Phlegrae); first declension

Phlegrae (genitive)
Phlegra (nominative singular)
Phlegrae (genitive singular)
Phlegrae (dative singular)
Phlegram (accusative singular)
Phlegrā (ablative singular)
Phlegra (singular vocative)
Phlegrae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Φλέγρα (Phlégra).


Veii

Vēiī m pl (genitive Vēiōrum); second declension

Vēiī (canonical masculine plural)
Vēiōrum (genitive)
Vēiī (nominative plural)
Vēiōrum (genitive plural)
Vēiīs (dative plural)
Vēiōs (accusative plural)
Vēiīs (ablative plural)
Vēiī (plural vocative)
Vēiīs (locative plural)


Capitolium

Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī); second declension

Capitōlium (canonical neuter singular)
Capitōliī (genitive)
Capitōlī (genitive)
Capitōlium (nominative singular)
Capitōliī (genitive singular)
Capitōlī (genitive singular)
Capitōliō (dative singular)
Capitōlium (accusative singular)
Capitōliō (ablative singular)
Capitōlium (singular vocative)

Inherited forms:

Old French: capitoile, capitolie

→ Middle English: Capitolie

English: Capitol, capitol

Italian: Campidoglio

Old Occitan: capdolh

Auvergnat: Chaptuèlh

→ French: Chapteuil

Sicilian: Capitugghiu

Borrowings:

→ English: Capitolium (learned)

→ Portuguese: Capitólio (learned)

→ Sicilian: Capitùliu (learned)

→ Spanish: Capitolio (learned)

[käpɪˈt̪oːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]

From the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix) or -ōlus (“-ole”, diminutive suffix) + -ium (suffix forming place names). Compare capito and capitulum.

Constantine the Great
Museum of Roman Civilization

The Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, particularly (historical) the Roman temples there in antiquity.


Cereus

Cēreus m sg (genitive Cēreī); second declension

Cēreus (canonical masculine singular)
Cēreī (genitive)
Cēreus (nominative singular)
Cēreī (genitive singular)
Cēreō (dative singular)
Cēreum (accusative singular)
Cēreō (ablative singular)
Cēree (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κηρεύς (Kēreús).


Rhamnus

Rhamnūs f sg (genitive Rhamnūntis); third declension

Rhamnūs (canonical feminine singular)
Rhamnūntis (genitive)
Rhamnūs (nominative singular)
Rhamnūntis (genitive singular)
Rhamnūntī (dative singular)
Rhamnūntem (accusative singular)
Rhamnūnte (ablative singular)
Rhamnūs (singular vocative)
Rhamnūntī (locative singular)
Rhamnūnte (locative singular)

A town of Attica, famous for the temple of Themis


Polemonium

Polemōnium n sg (genitive Polemōniī or Polemōnī); second declension

Polemōnium (canonical neuter singular)
Polemōniī (genitive)
Polemōnī (genitive)
Polemōnium (nominative singular)
Polemōniī (genitive singular)
Polemōnī (genitive singular)
Polemōniō (dative singular)
Polemōnium (accusative singular)
Polemōniō (ablative singular)
Polemōnium (singular vocative)
Polemōniī (locative singular)

[pɔɫ̪ɛˈmoːniʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek Πολεμώνιον (Polemṓnion).

A town of Pontus situated at the mouth of the river Sidenus


Rhodope

Rhodopē f sg (genitive Rhodopēs); first declension

Rhodopē (canonical feminine singular)
Rhodopēs (genitive)
Rhodopē (nominative singular)
Rhodopēs (genitive singular)
Rhodopae (dative singular)
Rhodopēn (accusative singular)
Rhodopē (ablative singular)
Rhodopē (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ῥοδόπη (Rhodópē).

A mountain chain forming the frontier between Thrace and Macedonia


Cortona

Cortōna f sg (genitive Cortōnae); first declension

Cortōna (canonical feminine singular)
Cortōnae (genitive)
Cortōna (nominative singular)
Cortōnae (genitive singular)
Cortōnae (dative singular)
Cortōnam (accusative singular)
Cortōnā (ablative singular)
Cortōna (singular vocative)
Cortōnae (locative singular)


Chroatia

Chroātia f sg (genitive Chroātiae); first declension

Chroātia (canonical feminine singular)
Chroātiae (genitive)
Chroātia (nominative singular)
Chroātiae (genitive singular)
Chroātiae (dative singular)
Chroātiam (accusative singular)
Chroātiā (ablative singular)
Chroātia (singular vocative)

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Alternative spelling of Croātia (“Croatia (a country in Southeast Europe, in the Balkans)”)


Carelia

Carēlia f sg (genitive Carēliae); first declension

Carēlia (canonical feminine singular)
Carēliae (genitive)
Carēlia (nominative singular)
Carēliae (genitive singular)
Carēliae (dative singular)
Carēliam (accusative singular)
Carēliā (ablative singular)
Carēlia (singular vocative)
Carēliae (locative singular)
Karēlia (alternative)

Asturian: Carelia

→ Basque: Karelia

→ Belarusian: Карэ́лія (Karélija)

Catalan: Carèlia

→ English: Karelia

French: Carélie

Galician: Carelia

→ Greek: Καρελία (Karelía)

→ Icelandic: Karelía

Italian: Carelia

→ Polish: Karelia

Portuguese: Carélia

Romanian: Carelia

→ Russian: Каре́лия (Karélija)

Sicilian: Carelia

Slovak: Karélia

Spanish: Carelia

→ Ukrainian: Каре́лія (Karélija)

Medieval Latin, Latinized exonym from Old Swedish Karelen, Finnish Karjala, ultimately from an earlier Finnic endonym. Compare Russian Каре́лия (Karélija), loanword of medieval Latinate provenance existing alongside direct borrowing Ка́рьяла (Kárʹjala).

Finnia (New Latin)
Per Secundum Bellum Mundanum, Unio Sovietica Finniam capere saepenumero quaesivit, cum Finnia Careliae, Sallae, Kuusamonis et Petsamonis partes et aliquas insulas amisit, sed independens mansit.
Throughout the Second World War, the Soviet Union repeatedly sought to capture Finland, when Finland lost parts of Karelia, Salla, Kuusamo, Petsamo, and some islands, but remained independent.

Karelia (historical Nordic Baltic-Finnic ethnocultural region, now divided along the frontiers of eastern Finland and northwestern Russia)


Minthe

Minthē f sg (genitive Minthēs); first declension

Minthē (canonical feminine singular)
Minthēs (genitive)
Minthē (nominative singular)
Minthēs (genitive singular)
Minthae (dative singular)
Minthēn (accusative singular)
Minthē (ablative singular)
Minthē (singular vocative)

[ˈmɪn̪t̪ʰeː]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μίνθη (Mínthē).

A mountain of Triphylia and seat of the worship of Hades


Lysimachia

Lȳsimachīa f sg (genitive Lȳsimachīae); first declension

Lȳsimachīa (canonical feminine singular)
Lȳsimachīae (genitive)
Lȳsimachīa (nominative singular)
Lȳsimachīae (genitive singular)
Lȳsimachīae (dative singular)
Lȳsimachīam (accusative singular)
Lȳsimachīā (ablative singular)
Lȳsimachīa (singular vocative)
Lȳsimachīae (locative singular)

[lʲyːs̠ɪmäˈkʰiːä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λῡσῐμᾰ́χειᾰ (Lūsĭmắkheiă).


Granicus

Grānīcus m sg (genitive Grānīcī); second declension

Grānīcus (canonical masculine singular)
Grānīcī (genitive)
Grānīcus (nominative singular)
Grānīcī (genitive singular)
Grānīcō (dative singular)
Grānīcum (accusative singular)
Grānīcō (ablative singular)
Grānīce (singular vocative)

[ɡräːˈniːkʊs̠]

An important river in Troas, now the Biga Çayı


Issus

Issus f sg (genitive Issī); second declension

Issī (genitive)
Issus (nominative singular)
Issī (genitive singular)
Issō (dative singular)
Issum (accusative singular)
Issō (ablative singular)
Isse (singular vocative)
Issī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰσσός (Issós).


Baetis

Baetis m sg (genitive Baetis); third declension

Baetis (genitive)
Baetis (nominative singular)
Baetis (genitive singular)
Baetī (dative singular)
Baetim (accusative singular)
Baetin (accusative singular)
Baete (ablative singular)
Baetī (ablative singular)
Baetis (singular vocative)
Betis (alternative)

→ Portuguese: Bétis (learned)

[ˈbäe̯t̪ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βαῖτις (Baîtis).


Pindus

Pindus m sg (genitive Pindī); second declension

Pindī (genitive)
Pindus (nominative singular)
Pindī (genitive singular)
Pindō (dative singular)
Pindum (accusative singular)
Pindō (ablative singular)
Pinde (singular vocative)
Pindī (locative singular)
Pindos (alternative)

[ˈpɪn̪d̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πίνδος (Píndos).

A long range of mountains situated in northern Greece


Trapezus

Trapezūs f sg (genitive Trapezūntis or Trapezūntos); third declension

Trapezūs (canonical feminine singular)
Trapezūntis (genitive)
Trapezūntos (genitive)
Trapezūs (nominative singular)
Trapezūntis (genitive singular)
Trapezūntos (genitive singular)
Trapezūntī (dative singular)
Trapezūntem (accusative singular)
Trapezūnta (accusative singular)
Trapezūnte (ablative singular)
Trapezūs (singular vocative)
Trapezūntī (locative singular)
Trapezūnte (locative singular)

→ English: Trapezus

[t̪räˈpɛz̪d̪͡z̪uːs̠]

From Ancient Greek Τραπεζοῦς (Trapezoûs).

igitur Vitellii nomine adscitis gentibus, quae Pontum accolunt, corrupto in spem rapinarum egentissimo quoque, haud temnendae manus ductor, Trapezuntem vetusta fama civitatem, a Graecis in extremo Ponticae orae conditam, subitus inrupit.

circa''' AD 100–110, P./C. Cornelius Tacitus (author), Charles Dennis Fisher (editor), Historiae (1911), book III, chapter xlvii

Accordingly he raised in the name of Vitellius the tribes that border on Pontus, bribed a number of very needy adventurers by the hope of plunder, and, at the head of a force by no means contemptible, made a sudden attack on the old and famous city of Trapezus, founded by the Greeks on the furthest shore of the Pontus. ― translation from: Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb, Complete Works of Tacitus (1873, repr. 1942), The History, book III, chapter xlvii

Rex sive fraudem suspectans, quia plura simul in loca ibatur, sive ut commeatus nostros Pontico mari et Trapezunte oppido adventantis interciperet, propere discedit.

ante''' AD 116, P./C. Cornelius Tacitus (author), Charles Dennis Fisher (editor), Cornelii Taciti Annalium ab Excessu Divi Augusti Libri (1906), book XIII, chapter xxxix

The king either suspecting a stratagem from these simultaneous movements in different directions, or intending to cut off our supplies as they were coming up from the sea of Pontus and the town of Trapezus, hastily withdrew. ― translation from: Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb, Complete Works of Tacitus (1878?, repr. 1942), The Annals, book XIII, chapter xxxix

Empire of Trebizond
w:Empire of Trebizond

Trabzon (a city in Pontus (NE Anatolia on the Black Sea), formerly the capital of the Late Mediaeval Empire of Trebizond, now a city in the Republic of Turkey)


Gelbes

Gelbēs m sg (genitive Gelbis); third declension

Gelbēs (canonical masculine singular)
Gelbis (genitive)
Gelbēs (nominative singular)
Gelbis (genitive singular)
Gelbī (dative singular)
Gelbem (accusative singular)
Gelbe (ablative singular)
Gelbēs (singular vocative)

[ˈɡɛɫ̪beːs̠]


Arcadius

Arcadius m sg (genitive Arcadiī or Arcadī); second declension

Arcadiī (genitive)
Arcadī (genitive)
Arcadius (nominative singular)
Arcadiī (genitive singular)
Arcadī (genitive singular)
Arcadiō (dative singular)
Arcadium (accusative singular)
Arcadiō (ablative singular)
Arcadī (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Arcadio

From Ancient Greek Ἀρκάδιος (Arkádios, “an Arcadian”).


Ascanius

la-proper noun

Ascanius m sg (genitive Ascaniī or Ascanī); second declension

Ascaniī (genitive)
Ascanī (genitive)
Ascanius (nominative singular)
Ascaniī (genitive singular)
Ascanī (genitive singular)
Ascaniō (dative singular)
Ascanium (accusative singular)
Ascaniō (ablative singular)
Ascanī (singular vocative)

A river and lake in Bithynia, mentioned by Pliny


Valens

Valēns m sg (genitive Valentis); third declension

Valēns (canonical masculine singular)
Valentis (genitive)
Valēns (nominative singular)
Valentis (genitive singular)
Valentī (dative singular)
Valentem (accusative singular)
Valente (ablative singular)
Valēns (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Valente

[ˈu̯äɫ̪ẽːs̠]


Valerianus

Valeriānus m sg (genitive Valeriānī); second declension

Valeriānus (canonical masculine singular)
Valeriānī (genitive)
Valeriānus (nominative singular)
Valeriānī (genitive singular)
Valeriānō (dative singular)
Valeriānum (accusative singular)
Valeriānō (ablative singular)
Valeriāne (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Valeriano

[u̯äɫ̪ɛriˈäːnʊs̠]


Heraclius

Hēraclius m sg (genitive Hēracliī or Hēraclī); second declension

Hēraclius (canonical masculine singular)
Hēracliī (genitive)
Hēraclī (genitive)
Hēraclius (nominative singular)
Hēracliī (genitive singular)
Hēraclī (genitive singular)
Hēracliō (dative singular)
Hēraclium (accusative singular)
Hēracliō (ablative singular)
Hēraclī (singular vocative)

→ Italian: Eraclio

From Ancient Greek Ἡράκλειος (Hērákleios).

The name of various East Roman emperors, including Heraclius and Heraclonas


Glaucus

Glaucus m sg (genitive Glaucī); second declension

Glaucī (genitive)
Glaucus (nominative singular)
Glaucī (genitive singular)
Glaucō (dative singular)
Glaucum (accusative singular)
Glaucō (ablative singular)
Glauce (singular vocative)

[ˈɡɫ̪äu̯kʊs̠]

The name of several rivers of Asia Minor


Geraestus

Geraestus f sg (genitive Geraestī); second declension

Geraestī (genitive)
Geraestus (nominative singular)
Geraestī (genitive singular)
Geraestō (dative singular)
Geraestum (accusative singular)
Geraestō (ablative singular)
Geraeste (singular vocative)
Geraestī (locative singular)
Geraestos (alternative)

[ɡɛˈräe̯s̠t̪ʊs̠]

From the Ancient Greek Γεραιστός (Geraistós).

the principal town of Euboea, near the promontory Geraestus or Geraestum, opposite to the promontory of Sunium, now Geresto, or, according to others, Kastri


Vetulonia

Vetulōnia f sg (genitive Vetulōniae); first declension

Vetulōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Vetulōniae (genitive)
Vetulōnia (nominative singular)
Vetulōniae (genitive singular)
Vetulōniae (dative singular)
Vetulōniam (accusative singular)
Vetulōniā (ablative singular)
Vetulōnia (singular vocative)
Vetulōniae (locative singular)

Italian: Vetulonia

[u̯ɛt̪ʊˈɫ̪oːniä]

vetulus (“little old”, adjective) + -ōnia ≈ “little old town”


Volsinii

la-proper noun

Volsiniī m pl (genitive Volsiniōrum); second declension

Volsiniī (canonical masculine plural)
Volsiniōrum (genitive)
Volsiniī (nominative plural)
Volsiniōrum (genitive plural)
Volsiniīs (dative plural)
Volsiniōs (accusative plural)
Volsiniīs (ablative plural)
Volsiniī (plural vocative)
Volsiniīs (locative plural)

[u̯ɔɫ̪ˈs̠ɪniː]

From Etruscan 𐌖𐌄𐌋𐌆𐌍𐌀 (uelzna), 𐌖𐌄𐌋𐌖𐌔𐌍𐌀 (uelusna). Found in Greek as Ὀυολσίνιοι (Ouolsínioi) (Strabo) and Ὀυολσίνιον (Ouolsínion) (Ptolemy).

Bolsena (city in Italy, a successor to the Etruscan city)


Syrus

Syrus m sg (genitive Syrī); second declension

Syrī (genitive)
Syrus (nominative singular)
Syrī (genitive singular)
Syrō (dative singular)
Syrum (accusative singular)
Syrō (ablative singular)
Syre (singular vocative)

Initially a slave name, also used as a cognomen.


Ortona

Ortōna f sg (genitive Ortōnae); first declension

Ortōna (canonical feminine singular)
Ortōnae (genitive)
Ortōna (nominative singular)
Ortōnae (genitive singular)
Ortōnae (dative singular)
Ortōnam (accusative singular)
Ortōnā (ablative singular)
Ortōna (singular vocative)
Ortōnae (locative singular)

A city in Latium, situated near the borders with the territory of the Aequi

A town of the Frentani situated on the Adriatic coast, now Ortona


Cerasus

Cerasūs f sg (genitive Cerasūntis); third declension

Cerasūs (canonical feminine singular)
Cerasūntis (genitive)
Cerasūs (nominative singular)
Cerasūntis (genitive singular)
Cerasūntī (dative singular)
Cerasūntem (accusative singular)
Cerasūnte (ablative singular)
Cerasūs (singular vocative)
Cerasūntī (locative singular)
Cerasūnte (locative singular)

[ˈt͡ʃɛːräs̬us]

A town of Pontus situated west of Trapezus


Cyllene

Cyllēnē f sg (genitive Cyllēnēs); first declension

Cyllēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Cyllēnēs (genitive)
Cyllēnē (nominative singular)
Cyllēnēs (genitive singular)
Cyllēnae (dative singular)
Cyllēnēn (accusative singular)
Cyllēnē (ablative singular)
Cyllēnē (singular vocative)
Cyllēnae (locative singular)

Italian: Cillene, Cilene

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κυλλήνη (Kullḗnē).

A mountain of Arcadia on which Hermes was born

A town of the Epeii in Elis situated on the coast


Sinope

Sinōpē f sg (genitive Sinōpēs); first declension

Sinōpē (canonical feminine singular)
Sinōpēs (genitive)
Sinōpē (nominative singular)
Sinōpēs (genitive singular)
Sinōpae (dative singular)
Sinōpēn (accusative singular)
Sinōpē (ablative singular)
Sinōpē (singular vocative)
Sinōpae (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Σινώπη (Sinṓpē), from Hittite.


Pallene

Pallēnē f sg (genitive Pallēnēs); first declension

Pallēnē (canonical feminine singular)
Pallēnēs (genitive)
Pallēnē (nominative singular)
Pallēnēs (genitive singular)
Pallēnae (dative singular)
Pallēnēn (accusative singular)
Pallēnē (ablative singular)
Pallēnē (singular vocative)
Pallēnae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Παλλήνη (Pallḗnē).

A peninsula and town of Chalcidice, where the battle between gods and giants took place


Ituna

Ituna f sg (genitive Itunae); first declension

Itunae (genitive)
Ituna (nominative singular)
Itunae (genitive singular)
Itunae (dative singular)
Itunam (accusative singular)
Itunā (ablative singular)
Ituna (singular vocative)


Gergovia

Gergovia f sg (genitive Gergoviae); first declension

Gergoviae (genitive)
Gergovia (nominative singular)
Gergoviae (genitive singular)
Gergoviae (dative singular)
Gergoviam (accusative singular)
Gergoviā (ablative singular)
Gergovia (singular vocative)
Gergoviae (locative singular)

[ɡɛrˈɡou̯iä]

[d͡ʒerˈɡɔːviä]


Thisbe

Thisbē f sg (genitive Thisbēs); first declension

Thisbē (canonical feminine singular)
Thisbēs (genitive)
Thisbē (nominative singular)
Thisbēs (genitive singular)
Thisbae (dative singular)
Thisbēn (accusative singular)
Thisbē (ablative singular)
Thisbē (singular vocative)
Thisbae (locative singular)

[ˈt̪ʰɪs̠beː]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θίσβη (Thísbē).

(Greek mythology) A maiden beloved by Pyramus

A coastal town of Boeotia situated near Mount Helicon


Nemausus

Nemausus f sg (genitive Nemausī); second declension

Nemausī (genitive)
Nemausus (nominative singular)
Nemausī (genitive singular)
Nemausō (dative singular)
Nemausum (accusative singular)
Nemausō (ablative singular)
Nemause (singular vocative)
Nemausī (locative singular)
Nemausum (alternative)

Middle French: Nismes

French: Nîmes

English: Nîmes, denim

[nɛˈmäu̯s̠ʊs̠]

From Gaulish *nemo, named after a local deity and its sanctuary. The name could ultimately be from Proto-Celtic *nemos (“heaven, sky”) or from a hydronym related to the river Neman.

Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis#English


Portus Ostium

Portus Ostium m sg (genitive Portūs Ostiī); variously declined, fourth declension, second declension

Portus Ostium (canonical masculine singular)
variously declined (canonical)
Portūs Ostiī (genitive)
Portus Ostium (nominative singular)
Portūs Ostiī (genitive singular)
Portuī Ostiō (dative singular)
Portum Ostium (accusative singular)
Portū Ostiō (ablative singular)
Portus Ostium (singular vocative)
Portū Ostiī (locative singular)

[ˈpɔrt̪ʊs̠ ˈɔs̠t̪iʊ̃ˑ]


Rot. Parl.

(chiefly historical) Abbreviation of Rotuli Parlamentarii, Parliamentary Rolls, the parchment scrolls recording medieval and early modern British Acts of Parliament.


Belgica

Belgica f sg (genitive Belgicae); first declension

Belgicae (genitive)
Belgica (nominative singular)
Belgicae (genitive singular)
Belgicae (dative singular)
Belgicam (accusative singular)
Belgicā (ablative singular)
Belgica (singular vocative)

Albanian: Belgjikë

Arabic: بِلْجِيكَا (biljīkā)

Aragonese: Belchica

Asturian: Bélxica

Azerbaijani: Belçika

Basque: Belgika

Catalan: Bèlgica

Corsican: Belgica

Crimean Tatar: Belçika

Franco-Provençal: Bèlg·ique

French: Belgique

→ Haitian Creole: Bèljik

→ Kabyle: Biljik

→ Khmer: បែលហ្ស៊ិក (baelzɨk)

→ Lao: ແບນຊິກ (bǣn sik)

→ Norman: Belgique

→ Persian: بلژیک (belžik)

→ Wolof: Beljik

Galician: Bélxica

Interlingua: Belgica

Ladino: Beljika

Lingala: Bɛ́ljika

Malagasy: Belzika

Portuguese:

→ Papiamentu: Bélgika

→ Tetum: Béljika

Spanish: Bélgica

→ Cebuano: Belhika

→ Quechua: Bilhika

→ Tagalog: Belhika

→ Waray-Waray: Belhika

Turkish: Belçika

Walloon: Beldjike

Zazaki: Belçıka

[ˈbɛl̠ʲd͡ʒikä]

From Belgicus/belgicus, short for Gallia Belgica (“Belgic Gaul”).

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Caphereus

la-adj

Caphēreus (feminine Caphērea, neuter Caphēreum); first/second-declension adjective

Caphēreus (canonical)
Caphērea (feminine)
Caphēreum (neuter)
Caphēreus (masculine nominative singular)
Caphērea (feminine nominative singular)
Caphēreum (neuter nominative singular)
Caphēreī (masculine nominative singular)
Caphēreae (feminine nominative plural)
Caphērea (neuter nominative plural)
Caphēreī (genitive masculine singular)
Caphēreae (feminine genitive singular)
Caphēreī (genitive neuter singular)
Caphēreōrum (genitive masculine singular)
Caphēreārum (feminine genitive plural)
Caphēreōrum (genitive neuter plural)
Caphēreō (dative masculine singular)
Caphēreae (dative feminine singular)
Caphēreō (dative neuter singular)
Caphēreīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
Caphēreum (accusative masculine singular)
Caphēream (accusative feminine singular)
Caphēreum (accusative neuter singular)
Caphēreōs (accusative masculine singular)
Caphēreās (accusative feminine plural)
Caphērea (accusative neuter plural)
Caphēreō (ablative masculine singular)
Caphēreā (ablative feminine singular)
Caphēreō (ablative neuter singular)
Caphēreīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
Caphēree (masculine singular vocative)
Caphērea (feminine singular vocative)
Caphēreum (neuter singular vocative)
Caphēreī (masculine singular vocative)
Caphēreae (feminine plural vocative)
Caphērea (neuter plural vocative)
Caphāreus (alternative)

From Ancient Greek Καφηρεύς (Kaphēreús).


Cechia

la-proper noun

Cechia f sg (genitive Cechiae); first declension

Cechiae (genitive)
Cechia (nominative singular)
Cechiae (genitive singular)
Cechiae (dative singular)
Cechiam (accusative singular)
Cechiā (ablative singular)
Cechia (singular vocative)
Czechia (alternative)

(New Latin) Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Termes

French: Termès

arevacis nomen dedit fluvius areva. horum vi oppida, secontia et vxama, quae nomina crebro aliis in locis usurpantur, praeterea segovia et nova augusta, termes ipsaque clunia, celtiberiae finis.

AD 77–79, Gaius Plinius Secundus (author), Karl Friedrich Theodor Mayhoff (editor), Naturalis Historia (1906), book III, chapter xvii

The river Areva gives its name to the Arevaci; of whom there are six towns, Segontia and Uxama, names which are frequently given to other places, as also Segovia and Nova Augusta, Termes, and Clunia itself, the frontier of Celtiberia. ― translation from: John Bostock and Henry Thomas Riley, The Natural History (1855), book III: “An Account of Countries, Nations, Seas, Towns, Havens, Mountains, Rivers, Distances, and Peoples Who Now Exist or Formerly Existed”, chapter iv (iii): ‘Of Nearer Spain’

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis#Latin

Lerma (a town in Hispania Tarraconensis)


Cythera

Cythēra n pl (genitive Cythērōrum); second declension

Cythēra (canonical neuter plural)
Cythērōrum (genitive)
Cythēra (nominative plural)
Cythērōrum (genitive plural)
Cythērīs (dative plural)
Cythēra (accusative plural)
Cythērīs (ablative plural)
Cythēra (plural vocative)
Cythērīs (locative plural)

[kʏˈt̪ʰeːrä]

[t͡ʃiˈt̪ɛːrä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κύθηρα (Kúthēra).


Carthaginiensis

la-adj

Carthāginiēnsis (neuter Carthāginiēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective

Carthāginiēnsis (canonical)
Carthāginiēnse (neuter)
Carthāginiēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Carthāginiēnse (neuter nominative singular)
Carthāginiēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Carthāginiēnsia (neuter nominative plural)
Carthāginiēnsis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
Carthāginiēnsium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
Carthāginiēnsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Carthāginiēnsibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
Carthāginiēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnse (accusative neuter singular)
Carthāginiēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsia (accusative neuter plural)
Carthāginiēnsī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
Carthāginiēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
Carthāginiēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Carthāginiēnse (neuter singular vocative)
Carthāginiēnsēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Carthāginiēnsia (neuter plural vocative)
carthaginiensis (alternative)
Carthaginensis (alternative)
carthaginensis (alternative)

French: carthaginois

Italian: cartaginese

Portuguese: cartaginense

Romanian: cartaginez

Spanish: cartaginense

[kärt̪ʰäːɡɪniˈẽːs̠ɪs̠]

From Carthāgō (“Carthage; Cartagena”) + -ēnsis (“-ese: forming demonyms”), q.v.

suffix

Cartagenan, of or related to Cartagena, its people, or its area of Spain.


Carthaginiensis

la-noun

Carthāginiēnsis m or f (genitive Carthāginiēnsis); third declension

Carthāginiēnsis (canonical feminine masculine)
Carthāginiēnsis (genitive)
Carthāginiēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Carthāginiēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Carthāginiēnsis (feminine genitive masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsium (feminine genitive masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsī (dative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsibus (dative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsī (ablative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine singular)
Carthāginiēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Carthāginiēnsēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
carthaginiensis (alternative)
Carthaginensis (alternative)
carthaginensis (alternative)

[kärt̪ʰäːɡɪniˈẽːs̠ɪs̠]

(historical) Synonym of Poenus, Carthaginian, a person from Carthage or its empire.

Cartagenan, a person from Cartagena or its area of Spain.


Carthaginiensis

la-proper noun

Carthāginiēnsis f sg (genitive Carthāginiēnsis); third declension

Carthāginiēnsis (canonical feminine singular)
Carthāginiēnsis (genitive)
Carthāginiēnsis (nominative singular)
Carthāginiēnsis (genitive singular)
Carthāginiēnsī (dative singular)
Carthāginiēnsem (accusative singular)
Carthāginiēnse (ablative singular)
Carthāginiēnsis (singular vocative)
carthaginiensis (alternative)
Carthaginensis (alternative)
carthaginensis (alternative)

[kärt̪ʰäːɡɪniˈẽːs̠ɪs̠]

Hispania Carthaginiensis
Hispania Carthaginiensis#Latin

(historical) Short for Hispania Carthaginiensis, the Roman province around Cartagena, Spain


Carice

Caricē f sg (genitive Caricēs); first declension

Caricē (canonical feminine singular)
Caricēs (genitive)
Caricē (nominative singular)
Caricēs (genitive singular)
Caricae (dative singular)
Caricēn (accusative singular)
Caricē (ablative singular)
Caricē (singular vocative)
Caricae (locative singular)


Manduria

Mandūria f sg (genitive Mandūriae); first declension

Mandūria (canonical feminine singular)
Mandūriae (genitive)
Mandūria (nominative singular)
Mandūriae (genitive singular)
Mandūriae (dative singular)
Mandūriam (accusative singular)
Mandūriā (ablative singular)
Mandūria (singular vocative)
Mandūriae (locative singular)

an ancient city of the Salentini in Calabria, situated between Tarentum and Lupiae


Armine

Arminē f sg (genitive Arminēs); first declension

Arminē (canonical feminine singular)
Arminēs (genitive)
Arminē (nominative singular)
Arminēs (genitive singular)
Arminae (dative singular)
Arminēn (accusative singular)
Arminē (ablative singular)
Arminē (singular vocative)
Arminae (locative singular)

A town in Paphlagonia, mentioned by Pliny


Brunonis vicus

Brūnōnis vīcus m sg (genitive Brūnōnis vīcī); second declension

Brūnōnis vīcus (canonical masculine singular)
Brūnōnis vīcī (genitive)
Brūnōnis vīcus (nominative singular)
Brūnōnis vīcī (genitive singular)
Brūnōnis vīcō (dative singular)
Brūnōnis vīcum (accusative singular)
Brūnōnis vīcō (ablative singular)
Brūnōnis vīce (singular vocative)
Brūnōnis vīcī (locative singular)
Brūnōnis Vīcus (alternative)
Brūnsvīcum (alternative)

Probably a calque of an Old Saxon name first attested in 1031 as Brunesguik: Brūnōnis (genitive form of Brūnō, itself a Latinisation of the Old Saxon Brūn and/or Old High German Brūn, i.e., St. Bruno of Saxony (d. 880), legendary founder of the settlement in 861) + vīcus (“village, (in Medieval Latin also) merchants’ settlement, centre for river-fishing or shipping”); at its founding, the settlement stood near a ford across the River Oker = “Bruno’s village” ≈ “Brownswick”. Compare the modern Low German name for the city (Brunswiek) and the English -wick.

Braunschweig, Brunswick (a city in Lower Saxony, Germany)


Melos

Mēlos f sg (genitive Mēlī); second declension

Mēlos (canonical feminine singular)
Mēlī (genitive)
Mēlos (nominative singular)
Mēlī (genitive singular)
Mēlō (dative singular)
Mēlon (accusative singular)
Mēlō (ablative singular)
Mēle (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μῆλος (Mêlos).


Paros

Paros f sg (genitive Parī); second declension

Parī (genitive)
Paros (nominative singular)
Parī (genitive singular)
Parō (dative singular)
Paron (accusative singular)
Parō (ablative singular)
Pare (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάρος (Páros).

Paros; one of the Cyclades and birthplace of Archilocus


Antipolis

Antipolis f sg (genitive Antipolis or Antipoleos or Antipolios); third declension

Antipolis (genitive)
Antipoleos (genitive)
Antipolios (genitive)
Antipolis (nominative singular)
Antipolis (genitive singular)
Antipoleos (genitive singular)
Antipolios (genitive singular)
Antipolī (dative singular)
Antipolim (accusative singular)
Antipolin (accusative singular)
Antipolī (ablative singular)
Antipolis (singular vocative)
Antipolī (singular vocative)
Antipolī (locative singular)

[än̪ˈt̪ɪpɔlʲɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀντίπολις (Antípolis, literally “city across (from Nice)”).


Vicetia

la-proper noun

Vīcētia f sg (genitive Vīcētiae); first declension

Vīcētia (canonical feminine singular)
Vīcētiae (genitive)
Vīcētia (nominative singular)
Vīcētiae (genitive singular)
Vīcētiae (dative singular)
Vīcētiam (accusative singular)
Vīcētiā (ablative singular)
Vīcētia (singular vocative)
Vīcētiae (locative singular)
Vīcentia (alternative)

?French: Vicence

Italian: Vicenza

?Venetan: Vicensa

[viˈt͡ʃɛt̪ː͡s̪iä]

From Vincentia, victoriosus (“victorious”).

Transpadane Gaul
Transpadane Gaul#English

Vicenza or anciently Vicentia or Vicetia (a town, later city, in Transpadane Gaul, between Verona and Padua, in the territory of Venetia, or today Veneto)


Isaura

Isaura n pl (genitive Isaurōrum); second declension

Isaurōrum (genitive)
Isaura (nominative plural)
Isaurōrum (genitive plural)
Isaurīs (dative plural)
Isaura (accusative plural)
Isaurīs (ablative plural)
Isaura (plural vocative)
Isaurīs (locative plural)

[iˈs̬äːu̯rä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἴσαυρα (Ísaura).

The capital of Isauria, at the foot of Mount Taurus


Ctimene

Ctimenē f sg (genitive Ctimenēs); first declension

Ctimenē (canonical feminine singular)
Ctimenēs (genitive)
Ctimenē (nominative singular)
Ctimenēs (genitive singular)
Ctimenae (dative singular)
Ctimenēn (accusative singular)
Ctimenē (ablative singular)
Ctimenē (singular vocative)
Ctimenae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κτιμένη (Ktiménē).

A town of Thessaly, on the borders of Dolopia


Hiberia

Hibēria f sg (genitive Hibēriae); first declension

Hibēria (canonical feminine singular)
Hibēriae (genitive)
Hibēria (nominative singular)
Hibēriae (genitive singular)
Hibēriae (dative singular)
Hibēriam (accusative singular)
Hibēriā (ablative singular)
Hibēria (singular vocative)
Hibēriae (locative singular)
Ibēria (alternative)

From the Ancient Greek Ἰβηρῐ́ᾱ (Ibērĭ́ā).

Caucasian Iberia
Caucasian Iberia#English

(Medieval Latin, generally) Georgia (a country in Eastern Europe)

Iberia (the country of the Hibērēs)
Caucasian Iberia
Georgia (a country in Eastern Europe)


Zagrabia

Zagrabia f sg (genitive Zagrabiae); first declension

Zagrabiae (genitive)
Zagrabia (nominative singular)
Zagrabiae (genitive singular)
Zagrabiae (dative singular)
Zagrabiam (accusative singular)
Zagrabiā (ablative singular)
Zagrabia (singular vocative)
Zagrabiae (locative singular)

[d̪͡z̪äˈɡräbiä]

[d̪͡z̪äˈɡräːbiä]

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Simois

Simoīs m sg (genitive Simoentis or Simoentos); third declension

Simoīs (canonical masculine singular)
Simoentis (genitive)
Simoentos (genitive)
Simoīs (nominative singular)
Simoentis (genitive singular)
Simoentos (genitive singular)
Simoentī (dative singular)
Simoentem (accusative singular)
Simoenta (accusative singular)
Simoente (ablative singular)
Simoīs (singular vocative)
Simoī (singular vocative)

The Simois, a river of the Trojan plain.


Alesia

Alesia f sg (genitive Alesiae); first declension

Alesiae (genitive)
Alesia (nominative singular)
Alesiae (genitive singular)
Alesiae (dative singular)
Alesiam (accusative singular)
Alesiā (ablative singular)
Alesia (singular vocative)
Alesiae (locative singular)

Alesia (ancient capital of the Mandubii in Gaul, site of a famous battle won by Caesar)


Olisipo

Olisīpō f sg or m sg (genitive Olisīpōnis); third declension

Olisīpō (canonical feminine masculine singular)
Olisīpōnis (genitive)
Olisīpō (nominative singular)
Olisīpōnis (genitive singular)
Olisīpōnī (dative singular)
Olisīpōnem (accusative singular)
Olisīpōne (ablative singular)
Olisīpō (singular vocative)
Olisīpōnī (locative singular)
Olisīpōne (locative singular)
Ulisippō (alternative)
Olisippō (alternative)
Olysippō (alternative)
Ulysippō (alternative)
Olysīpō (alternative)

Vulgar Latin: Olisipona

Old Spanish: Ulixbona

desctree

→ Arabic: لِشْبُونَة (lišbūna), أُشْبُونَة (ʔušbūna) — archaic
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Lixbõa, Lisbõa
Galician: Lisboa
Portuguese: Lisboa (see there for further descendants)
→ Mirandese: Lisboua
French: Lisbonne
English: Lisbon
→ Ottoman Turkish: لیزبون (Lizbon)
Turkish: Lizbon
→ Armenian: Լիզպոն (Lizpon)
German: Lissabon
Italian: Lisbona

desc

→ Portuguese: Olissipo, Olisipo (learned)

[ɔlʲɪˈs̠iːpoː]

Unknown origin, possibly from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia (likely Tartessian) word for the Tagus, via Phoenician. Some spelling variants are due to the folk etymology connecting the name of the town with Ulixēs/Ulyssēs (“Odysseus”).


Numantia

la-proper noun

Numantia f sg (genitive Numantiae); first declension

Numantiae (genitive)
Numantia (nominative singular)
Numantiae (genitive singular)
Numantiae (dative singular)
Numantiam (accusative singular)
Numantiā (ablative singular)
Numantia (singular vocative)
Numantiae (locative singular)

→ French: Numance (learned)

Spanish: Numancia

Numantia (an ancient city, and now an archaeological site, in the municipality of Garray in modern Spain)


Valentia

Valentia f sg (genitive Valentiae); first declension

Valentiae (genitive)
Valentia (nominative singular)
Valentiae (genitive singular)
Valentiae (dative singular)
Valentiam (accusative singular)
Valentiā (ablative singular)
Valentia (singular vocative)
Valentiae (locative singular)

desctree

Catalan: València
→ Basque: Valentzia
→ Chinese: 瓦倫西亞 /瓦伦西亚 (Wǎlúnxīyà)
→ Dutch: Valencia
→ English: Valencia
→ Galician: Valencia
→ German: Valencia, Valentz
→ Italian: Valencia
→ Portuguese: Valência
→ Spanish: Valencia, Val. (abbreviation)
→ Cebuano: Valencia
→ Chinese: 巴倫西亞 /巴伦西亚 (Bālúnxīyà)
→ Tagalog: Valencia
→ Turkish: Valensiya

Corsican: Valenza

French: Valence

Italian: Valenza

Portuguese: Valença

[u̯äˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪iä]

From valentia (“competence, power, vigor”).

The name of several settlements in the Roman world, including:

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of modern Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English


Baiae

la-proper noun

Baiae f pl (genitive Baiārum); first declension

Baiārum (genitive)
Baiae (nominative plural)
Baiārum (genitive plural)
Baiīs (dative plural)
Baiās (accusative plural)
Baiīs (ablative plural)
Baiae (plural vocative)
Baiīs (locative plural)

French: Baïes

Italian: Baia

Spanish: Bayas

Baiae (an ancient resort town on the Bay of Naples)


Portugallia

Portugallia f sg (genitive Portugalliae); first declension

Portugalliae (genitive)
Portugallia (nominative singular)
Portugalliae (genitive singular)
Portugalliae (dative singular)
Portugalliam (accusative singular)
Portugalliā (ablative singular)
Portugallia (singular vocative)

From a bastardisation of earlier Portus Cale (“Oporto”).

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Portugal (a country in Europe)


Tralles

Trallēs f pl (genitive Trallium); third declension

Trallēs (canonical feminine plural)
Trallium (genitive)
Trallēs (nominative plural)
Trallium (genitive plural)
Trallibus (dative plural)
Trallēs (accusative plural)
Trallīs (accusative plural)
Trallibus (ablative plural)
Trallēs (plural vocative)
Trallibus (locative plural)

Aydin (a city in Lydia, now within modern Turkey)


Vindelicia

Vindelicia f sg (genitive Vindeliciae); first declension

Vindeliciae (genitive)
Vindelicia (nominative singular)
Vindeliciae (genitive singular)
Vindeliciae (dative singular)
Vindeliciam (accusative singular)
Vindeliciā (ablative singular)
Vindelicia (singular vocative)

[u̯ɪn̪d̪ɛˈlʲɪkiä]

From Vindelicī + -ia (suffix forming regional place names).

(historical) The land of the Vindelici, now part of Switzerland and southern Germany.


Rossia

Rōssia f sg (genitive Rōssiae); first declension

Rōssia (canonical feminine singular)
Rōssiae (genitive)
Rōssia (nominative singular)
Rōssiae (genitive singular)
Rōssiae (dative singular)
Rōssiam (accusative singular)
Rōssiā (ablative singular)
Rōssia (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek Ῥωσσία (Rhōssía) or Ῥωσία (Rhōsía).

bor+

ALEXANDER I · TOTIVS ROSSIÆ IMPERATOR
Alexander I · Emperor of All Russia


Canas

la-proper noun

Canās m sg (genitive Canae); first declension

Canās (canonical masculine singular)
Canae (genitive)
Canās (nominative singular)
Canae (genitive singular)
Canae (dative singular)
Canān (accusative singular)
Canā (ablative singular)
Canā (singular vocative)
Canae (locative singular)


Carmo

Carmō f sg (genitive Carmōnis); third declension

Carmō (canonical feminine singular)
Carmōnis (genitive)
Carmō (nominative singular)
Carmōnis (genitive singular)
Carmōnī (dative singular)
Carmōnem (accusative singular)
Carmōne (ablative singular)
Carmō (singular vocative)
Carmōnī (locative singular)
Carmōne (locative singular)

A city in Hispania Baetica situated near Hispalis, now Carmona


Nazianzus

Nazianzus m sg (genitive Nazianzī); second declension

Nazianzī (genitive)
Nazianzus (nominative singular)
Nazianzī (genitive singular)
Nazianzō (dative singular)
Nazianzum (accusative singular)
Nazianzō (ablative singular)
Nazianze (singular vocative)
Nazianzī (locative singular)

English: Nazianzus

French: Nazianze

Italian: Nazianzo

Polish: Nazjanz

Portuguese: Nazianzo

Romanian: Neneția

Spanish: Nacianzo

[näz̪d̪͡z̪iˈän̪d̪͡z̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Ναζιανζός (Nazianzós).

(Late Latin, historical) The town of Nazianzus.


Sutrium

Sūtrium n sg (genitive Sūtriī or Sūtrī); second declension

Sūtrium (canonical neuter singular)
Sūtriī (genitive)
Sūtrī (genitive)
Sūtrium (nominative singular)
Sūtriī (genitive singular)
Sūtrī (genitive singular)
Sūtriō (dative singular)
Sūtrium (accusative singular)
Sūtriō (ablative singular)
Sūtrium (singular vocative)
Sūtriī (locative singular)

Italian: Sutri

[ˈs̠uːt̪riʊ̃ˑ]


Ultoniensis

la-noun

Ultōniēnsis m or f (genitive Ultōniēnsis); third declension

Ultōniēnsis (canonical feminine masculine)
Ultōniēnsis (genitive)
Ultōniēnsis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Ultōniēnsēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
Ultōniēnsis (feminine genitive masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsium (feminine genitive masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsī (dative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsibus (dative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsī (ablative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsibus (ablative feminine masculine singular)
Ultōniēnsis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
Ultōniēnsēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)

[ʊɫ̪t̪oːniˈẽːs̠ɪs̠]

(Medieval Latin) an Ultonian, an Ulsterman or -woman (a native or inhabitant of Ulster)


Populonia

la-proper noun

Populōnia f sg (genitive Populōniae); first declension

Populōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Populōniae (genitive)
Populōnia (nominative singular)
Populōniae (genitive singular)
Populōniae (dative singular)
Populōniam (accusative singular)
Populōniā (ablative singular)
Populōnia (singular vocative)
Populōniae (locative singular)
Populōniī (alternative)
Populōnium (alternative)

[pɔpʊˈɫ̪oːniä]

A city in Etruria, near the modern city of Piombino


Aquilonia

Aquilōnia f sg (genitive Aquilōniae); first declension

Aquilōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Aquilōniae (genitive)
Aquilōnia (nominative singular)
Aquilōniae (genitive singular)
Aquilōniae (dative singular)
Aquilōniam (accusative singular)
Aquilōniā (ablative singular)
Aquilōnia (singular vocative)
Aquilōniae (locative singular)

[äkʷɪˈɫ̪oːniä]

a town of the Hirpini, upon the river Aufidus, now Lacedonia


Ruthenia Alba

Ruthenia Alba f sg (genitive Rutheniae Albae); first declension

Rutheniae Albae (genitive)
Ruthenia Alba (nominative singular)
Rutheniae Albae (genitive singular)
Rutheniae Albae (dative singular)
Rutheniam Albam (accusative singular)
Rutheniā Albā (ablative singular)
Ruthenia Alba (singular vocative)

[rʊˈt̪ʰɛniä ˈäɫ̪bä]

(New Latin) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


Carcinus

Carcinus m sg (genitive Carcinī); second declension

Carcinī (genitive)
Carcinus (nominative singular)
Carcinī (genitive singular)
Carcinō (dative singular)
Carcinum (accusative singular)
Carcinō (ablative singular)
Carcine (singular vocative)


Balla

Balla f sg (genitive Ballae); first declension

Ballae (genitive)
Balla (nominative singular)
Ballae (genitive singular)
Ballae (dative singular)
Ballam (accusative singular)
Ballā (ablative singular)
Balla (singular vocative)
Ballae (locative singular)
Valla (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βάλλα (Bálla).


Ustica

Ustīca f sg (genitive Ustīcae); first declension

Ustīca (canonical feminine singular)
Ustīcae (genitive)
Ustīca (nominative singular)
Ustīcae (genitive singular)
Ustīcae (dative singular)
Ustīcam (accusative singular)
Ustīcā (ablative singular)
Ustīca (singular vocative)

[ʊs̠ˈt̪iːkä]

A small hill in the Sabine country, near Horace's villa, now Val d'Ustica


Orba

Orba m sg (genitive Orbae); first declension

Orbae (genitive)
Orba (nominative singular)
Orbae (genitive singular)
Orbae (dative singular)
Orbam (accusative singular)
Orbā (ablative singular)
Orba (singular vocative)

A tributary river of the Maeander mentioned by Pliny