diabolicus

la-adj

diabolicus (feminine diabolica, neuter diabolicum); first/second-declension adjective

diabolica (feminine)
diabolicum (neuter)
diabolicus (masculine nominative singular)
diabolica (feminine nominative singular)
diabolicum (neuter nominative singular)
diabolicī (masculine nominative plural)
diabolicae (feminine nominative plural)
diabolica (neuter nominative plural)
diabolicī (genitive masculine singular)
diabolicae (feminine genitive singular)
diabolicī (genitive neuter singular)
diabolicōrum (genitive masculine plural)
diabolicārum (feminine genitive plural)
diabolicōrum (genitive neuter plural)
diabolicō (dative masculine singular)
diabolicae (dative feminine singular)
diabolicō (dative neuter singular)
diabolicīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
diabolicum (accusative masculine singular)
diabolicam (accusative feminine singular)
diabolicum (accusative neuter singular)
diabolicōs (accusative masculine plural)
diabolicās (accusative feminine plural)
diabolica (accusative neuter plural)
diabolicō (ablative masculine singular)
diabolicā (ablative feminine singular)
diabolicō (ablative neuter singular)
diabolicīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
diabolice (masculine singular vocative)
diabolica (feminine singular vocative)
diabolicum (neuter singular vocative)
diabolicī (masculine plural vocative)
diabolicae (feminine plural vocative)
diabolica (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: diabòlic

→ Danish: diabolsk

→ Dutch: diabolisch

→ German: diabolisch

→ Italian: diabolico

→ Middle French: diabolique

French: diabolique

→ English: diabolic, diabolick

→ Norwegian Bokmål: diabolsk

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: diabolsk

→ Portuguese: diabólico

→ Spanish: diabólico

From Koine Greek διαβολικός (diabolikós, “devilish”), from διάβολος (diábolos, “the Devil”).


minuo

la-verb

minuō (present infinitive minuere, perfect active minuī, supine minūtum); third conjugation

minuō (canonical)
minuere (infinitive present)
minuī (active perfect)
minūtum (supine)
minuō (active first-person indicative present singular)
minuis (active indicative present second-person singular)
minuit (active indicative present singular third-person)
minuimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
minuitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
minuunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
minuēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
minuēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
minuēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
minuēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
minuēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
minuēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
minuam (active first-person future indicative singular)
minuēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
minuet (active future indicative singular third-person)
minuēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
minuētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
minuent (active future indicative plural third-person)
minuī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
minuistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
minuit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
minuimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
minuistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
minuērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
minuēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
minueram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
minuerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
minuerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
minuerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
minuerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
minuerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
minuerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
minueris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
minuerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
minuerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
minueritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
minuerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
minuor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
minueris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
minuere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
minuitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
minuimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
minuiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
minuuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
minuēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
minuēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
minuēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
minuēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
minuēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
minuēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
minuēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
minuar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
minuēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
minuēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
minuētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
minuēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
minuēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
minuentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
minuam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
minuās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
minuat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
minuāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
minuātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
minuant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
minuerem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
minuerēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
minueret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
minuerēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
minuerētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
minuerent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
minuerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
minuerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
minuerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
minuerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
minuerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
minuerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
minuissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
minuissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
minuisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
minuissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
minuissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
minuissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
minuar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
minuāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
minuāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
minuātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
minuāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
minuāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
minuantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
minuerer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
minuerēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
minuerēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
minuerētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
minuerēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
minuerēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
minuerentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
minue (active imperative present second-person singular)
minuite (active imperative plural present second-person)
minuitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
minuitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
minuitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
minuuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
minuere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
minuiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
minuitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
minuitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
minuuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
minuere (active infinitive present)
minuī (infinitive passive present)
minuēns (active participle present)
minūtūrum esse (active future infinitive)
minūtum īrī (future infinitive passive)
minūtūrus (active future participle)
minuendus (future participle passive)
minuisse (active infinitive perfect)
minūtum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
minūtus (participle passive perfect)
minūtum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
minūtūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
minuendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
minuendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
minuendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
minuendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
minūtum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
minūtū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ French: minuer

→ Interlingua: minuer

→ Italian: minuire

→ Portuguese: minuir

→ Spanish: minuir

From Proto-Italic *minuō, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“small, little”), either *mi-néw-ti or *mi-néh₁-ti. Cognate with Sanskrit मीनाति (minā́ti, “to lessen, diminish, damage”) (also मिनोति (minóti)), Ancient Greek μινύθω (minúthō, “to lessen; to disappear”), Cornish minow (“to reduce”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐍃 (mins, “less”), Old Church Slavonic мьнйии (mĭnjii, “smaller, lesser, younger”), Tocharian B maiwe (“small, young”). Related to minor.


gamba

la-noun

gamba f (genitive gambae); first declension

gambae (genitive)
gamba (nominative singular)
gambae (nominative plural)
gambae (genitive singular)
gambārum (genitive plural)
gambae (dative singular)
gambīs (dative plural)
gambam (accusative singular)
gambās (accusative plural)
gambā (ablative singular)
gambīs (ablative plural)
gamba (singular vocative)
gambae (plural vocative)
camba (alternative)

desctree

Italian: gamba
→ English: gam; gamba
→ Ido: gambo

Old French: jambe, gambe, ganbe
Middle French: jambe, gambe
French: jambe
→ Middle English: gambe
English: gamb
→ Middle English: jambe
English: jamb
Norman: gambe
Picard: gambe
Walloon: djambe

Romanian: gambă

Sicilian: jamma

Spanish: gamba

From Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “fixture, bend, winding”)


diaphoresis

la-noun

diaphorēsis f (genitive diaphorēsis or diaphorēseōs or diaphorēsios); third declension

diaphorēsis (canonical feminine)
diaphorēsis (genitive)
diaphorēseōs (genitive)
diaphorēsios (genitive)
diaphorēsis (nominative singular)
diaphorēsēs (nominative plural)
diaphorēseis (nominative plural)
diaphorēsis (genitive singular)
diaphorēseōs (genitive singular)
diaphorēsios (genitive singular)
diaphorēsium (genitive plural)
diaphorēsī (dative singular)
diaphorēsibus (dative plural)
diaphorēsim (accusative singular)
diaphorēsin (accusative singular)
diaphorēsem (accusative singular)
diaphorēsēs (accusative plural)
diaphorēsīs (accusative plural)
diaphorēsī (ablative singular)
diaphorēse (ablative singular)
diaphorēsibus (ablative plural)
diaphorēsis (singular vocative)
diaphorēsi (singular vocative)
diaphorēsēs (plural vocative)
diaphorēseis (plural vocative)

→ English: diaphoresis

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐᾰφόρησῐς (dĭăphórēsĭs, “evaporation, dissipation”), from δῐᾰφορέω (dĭăphoréō, “to dissipate by evaporation or perspiration”) + -σῐς (-sĭs, action noun suffix).


cattus

la-noun

cattus m (genitive cattī); second declension

cattī (genitive)
cattus (nominative singular)
cattī (nominative plural)
cattī (genitive singular)
cattōrum (genitive plural)
cattō (dative singular)
cattīs (dative plural)
cattum (accusative singular)
cattōs (accusative plural)
cattō (ablative singular)
cattīs (ablative plural)
catte (singular vocative)
cattī (plural vocative)
catus (alternative)
gatus (alternative)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: gattu, battu, cattu

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: ghjattu, gattu, ghiattu

Dalmatian: cuot

Istriot: gato

Italian: gatto

Sicilian: gattu, jattu

Venetan: gato

Neapolitan: jatto

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: gjat

Ladin: giat

Romansch: giat, gat

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: gât

Piedmontese: ciat

Romagnol: gat

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: chat

Old French: chat (see there for further descendants)

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: gat

Occitan: cat, chat, gat

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: gato

Galician: gato

desctree

Portuguese: gato
Annobonese: gatu
Kabuverdianu: gátu
→ Kimbundu: ngatu
→? Gulf Arabic: قطو (gaṭu)

Old Leonese:

Asturian: gatu

Extremaduran: gatu

Leonese: gatu

Mirandese: gato

Old Spanish:

Ladino: gato

Spanish: gato

Borrowings:

→ Arabic: (from Berber languages)

Libyan Arabic: قَطُّوس (gaṭṭūs)

Tunisian Arabic: قَطُّوس (qaṭṭūs)

Maltese: qattus

→ Basque: katu

→ Koine Greek: κάττος (káttos), masculine of κάττα (kátta)

Byzantine Greek: κάττος (káttos) / κάτος (kátos) / γάτος (gátos)

Modern Greek: γάτος (gátos)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كدی (kedi)
Turkish: kedi

→ Proto-Celtic: *kattos (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *kattuz (uncertain) (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Slavic: *kotъ (see there for further descendants)

→ Translingual: Catus (obsolete)

Unknown; perhaps borrowed from a Nilo-Saharan or Afroasiatic language, compare Nubian kadī (“cat”), Arabic قِطّ (qiṭṭ, “cat, tomcat”), Classical Syriac ܩܛܘ (qaṭṭu, “cat”), or possibly a Wanderwort, compare Proto-Uralic *käďwä (“female (of a fur animal)”).

cog

Nulli visa ad ipsum retulit numen: nam arcus semper videtur: quem non Irim, sed viam Iridis dixit. alii celeritatis esse volunt 'nulli visa'. notandum sane etiam de Iride arcum genere masculino dicere Vergilium: Catullus et alii genere feminino ponunt, referentes ad originem, sicut 'haec cattus' et 'haec gallus' legimus.

c. 4th-5th century, Servius, In Vergilii Aeneidem commentarii 5.610.1

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Affirmant quod quanto sceleratior es, tanto citius Deus gratiam infundit: si autem adornes te, ut cattus bonis operibus, ut te Deus acceptet, nihil efficias.

1558, Martin Luther, Theologiae Martini Lutheri Trimembris Epitome, De Tertio Statu Hominis:

They assert that the more a miscreant you are, the sooner God showers grace upon you: if, however, you should adorn yourself, like a cat, with good works, so that God accepts you, you shall bring about nothing.

[...] illa accepit bovem & cattum, et utrumque duxit ad forum. Cumque quiddam venisset qui bovem emere veller. Illa respondit. Nullus habebit bovem, nisi etiam emat & cattum. Cumque ille dixisset non velle emere cattum, abiit. Et statim venit alius & interrogat quanti pretii utrumque foret. Illa dixit se velle vendere cattum pro una marcha argentari, sed bovem pro denario, & sic convenerunt.

1656, Guillaume Pepin, Conciones Mysticae et Morales in Septem Psalmos Poenitentiales, page 38:

… she took the ox and the cat, and led both to the market. Anytime someone came who wanted to buy the ox, she responded: None shall have an ox, unless besides he also buys a cat. Any time someone said he did not want to buy a cat, he left. And immediately another came and asked what price for each. She said she wanted to sell a cat for one silver mark, but an ox for a denarius, and so they came to an agreement.

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


causa

la-noun

causa f (genitive causae); first declension

causae (genitive)
causa (nominative singular)
causae (nominative plural)
causae (genitive singular)
causārum (genitive plural)
causae (dative singular)
causīs (dative plural)
causam (accusative singular)
causās (accusative plural)
causā (ablative singular)
causīs (ablative plural)
causa (singular vocative)
causae (plural vocative)
caussa (alternative)

From Old Latin caussa, from Proto-Italic *kaussā, further origin unknown. Connected by some to Latin cudo (“I strike”), in the sense "strike a cause," in which the Proto-Indo-European form would be *kewh₂-ud-ʰ-t-, from *kewh₂- (“to cut, strike”). Others are skeptical of an Indo-European origin. Related to Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌅𐌔𐌀 (cavsa).

unk

unknown


dolus

la-noun

dolus m (genitive dolī); second declension

dolī (genitive)
dolus (nominative singular)
dolī (nominative plural)
dolī (genitive singular)
dolōrum (genitive plural)
dolō (dative singular)
dolīs (dative plural)
dolum (accusative singular)
dolōs (accusative plural)
dolō (ablative singular)
dolīs (ablative plural)
dole (singular vocative)
dolī (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: dol

→ English: dolus

→ French: dol

→ Italian: dolo

→ Portuguese: dolo

→ Romanian: dol

→ Sicilian: dolu

→ Spanish: dolo

From Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁os. Cognates include Ancient Greek δόλος (dólos).


Francia

la-proper noun

Francia f sg (genitive Franciae); first declension

Franciae (genitive)
Francia (nominative singular)
Franciae (genitive singular)
Franciae (dative singular)
Franciam (accusative singular)
Franciā (ablative singular)
Francia (singular vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: Francia

Italian: Francia

Neapolitan: Franza

Sicilian: Francia

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: França

Franco-Provençal: France

Occitan: França

desctree

Old French: France, france (manuscript form)
Middle French: France
French: France (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle English: Fraunce, France
English: France (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Fraunce
→ Breton: Frañs
Norman: France, Fraunce (continental)
Picard: France
Walloon: France

Rhaeto-Romance

desc

Romansch: Frantscha, Frontscha, Fràntscha, Frauntscha

Sardinian: Frantza

West Iberian

Extremaduran: Francia

Old Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: Franzia

Old Leonese:

Asturian: Francia

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: França
Portuguese: França

Old Spanish:

Spanish: Francia (see there for further descendants)

→ Armenian: Ֆրանսիա (Fransia)

→ Basque: Frantzia

→ English: Francia

→ French: Francie

→ Middle Irish: Frainc

Irish: An Fhrainc

Manx: Yn Rank

Scottish Gaelic: An Fhraing

→ Maltese: Franza

→ Polish: Francja
→ Belarusian: Фра́нцыя (Fráncyja)
→ Russian: Фра́нция (Fráncija), Фра́нція (Fráncija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Bashkir: Франция (Frantsiya)
→ Bulgarian: Франция (Francija)
→ Ingrian: Frantsia
→ Kazakh: Франция (Fransiä)
→ Kyrgyz: Франция (Frantsiya)
→ Macedonian: Франција (Francija)
⇒ Mongolian: Франц (Franc), франц (franc)
→ Slovene: Francija
→ Tatar: Франция (Frantsiyä)
→ Turkmen: Fransiýa
→ Uyghur: فرانسىيە (fransiye)
→ Uzbek: Fransiya
→ Ukrainian: Фра́нція (Fráncija)

→ Welsh: Ffrainc

(Late Latin) Frankia (the region inhabited or ruled over by the Franks)


lancia

la-noun

lancia f (genitive lanciae); first declension

lanciae (genitive)
lancia (nominative singular)
lanciae (nominative plural)
lanciae (genitive singular)
lanciārum (genitive plural)
lanciae (dative singular)
lanciīs (dative plural)
lanciam (accusative singular)
lanciās (accusative plural)
lanciā (ablative singular)
lanciīs (ablative plural)
lancia (singular vocative)
lanciae (plural vocative)

* see: lancea

lancea non lancia

[3rd–4th century, Appendix Probi, line 72:

(The correct form is) lancea, not lancia

alternative spelling of lancea (“spear, lance”) (reflecting /e/ > /j/)


coco

la-verb

cocō (present infinitive cocere, perfect active coxī, supine coctum); third conjugation

cocō (canonical)
cocere (infinitive present)
coxī (active perfect)
coctum (supine)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: coc, cocu

Romanian: coace

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cuocere

Neapolitan: còcere

Sicilian: còciri

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: còchere, còere, coi, còiri, còghere

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: cheuxe

Lombard: coeuser

Piedmontese: cheuse

Friulian: cuei

Romansch: coier, cuer, cuir, couscher

Venetan: còxer, cóxar, cósar

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: couére, couéire, couaire, coire, coïre, couèjer, cuèjer

desctree

Old French: cuire
Middle French: cuyre, cuire
French: cuire
→ Esperanto: kuiri
Norman: cuire (Guernsey), tchuithe (Jersey)
Walloon: cure

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: coure

Occitan:

Auvergnat: cueire, cueure

Gascon: còser, còder, còier, còire

Languedocien: còire, cuòire, cuèire, quèire, coire, còser, cuòser

Limousin: cueire, cuòser, còuser

Provençal: còire, coire, cueire

Vivaro-Alpine: coire, cueire, cuire, cuere

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: cocer

Asturian: cocer

Old Galician-Portuguese: cozer
Galician: cocer
Portuguese: cozer

Old Spanish: cozer

Ladino: kozer

Spanish: cocer

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: kuq

→ Proto-West Germanic: *kokōn (see there for further descendants)

Walther von Wartburg
w:Walther von Wartburg

alternative form of coquō (“cook”) (attested from the third century CE)


rabbi

rabbī (canonical masculine)
R. (alternative)

→ Catalan: rabí

→ Dutch: rabbi

→ Finnish: rabbi

→ German: Rabbi

→ Hungarian: rabbi

→ Irish: raibí

→ Maltese: rabbi

→ Middle English: raby, rabi, rabby
English: rabbi
Scots: rabbi
→ Welsh: rabi

⇒ Late Latin: rabbinus, rabinus

→ Albanian: rabin

→ Asturian: rabín

→ Belarusian: рабін (rabin)

→ Czech: rabín

→ Danish: rabbiner

→ Dutch: rabbijn

→ English: rabbin

→ Finnish: rabbiini

→ French: rabbin

→ Galician: rabino

→ Georgian: რაბინი (rabini)

→ German: Rabbiner

→ Italian: rabbino
→ Bulgarian: равин (ravin)
→ Greek: ραββίνος (ravvínos)
→ Russian: раввин (ravvin)
→ Azerbaijani: ravvin
→ Crimean Tatar: ravvin
→ Kazakh: раввин (ravvin)
→ Kyrgyz: раввин (ravvin)
→ Uzbek: ravvin

→ Latvian: rabīns

→ Lithuanian: rabinas

→ Macedonian: рабин (rabin)

→ Norwegian: rabbiner

→ Polish: rabin

→ Romanian: rabin

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: рабин

Latin script: rabin

→ Slovak: rabín

→ Slovene: rabin

→ Spanish: rabino
→ Tagalog: rabino

→ Swedish: rabbin

→ Vilamovian: raobin

From the Ancient Greek ῥαββί (rhabbí, literally “O my Master”), from Biblical Hebrew רבי (rabī, “rabbi”, “spiritual teacher”), from רב (raḇ, “master”) + ־י (-ī, “of mine”, “my”).

suffix

Rabbī Mōsēs Maimōnidēs

(Late Latin, chiefly used as an honorific) Master, Doctor, and especially Rabbi


persona

la-noun

persōna f (genitive persōnae); first declension

persōna (canonical feminine)
persōnae (genitive)
persōna (nominative singular)
persōnae (nominative plural)
persōnae (genitive singular)
persōnārum (genitive plural)
persōnae (dative singular)
persōnīs (dative plural)
persōnam (accusative singular)
persōnās (accusative plural)
persōnā (ablative singular)
persōnīs (ablative plural)
persōna (singular vocative)
persōnae (plural vocative)

Asturian: persona

Catalan: persona

Italian: persona

Ladin: persona

Ligurian: persónn-a

desctree

Old French: persone, parsone, persoun, persoune, presonne
Middle French: personne
French: personne
Louisiana Creole: personne
Norman: pèrsonne
→ Middle English: persoun, personne
English:
parson
person
Nigerian Pidgin: pesin
→ Middle Welsh: person
Welsh: person

Old Occitan: persona

Occitan: persona

Old Galician-Portuguese: pessõa, persõa
Galician: persoa
Portuguese: pessoa

Piedmontese: përson-a

Sicilian: pirsuna

→ English: persona
→ Japanese: ペルソナ (perusona)

→ Esperanto: persono

→ Icelandic: persóna

→ Ido: persono

→ Indonesian: persona

→ Interlingua: persona

→ Latgalian: persona

→ Latvian: persona

→ Manx: persoon

→ Middle Dutch: persone

Dutch: persoon
Afrikaans: persoon
→ Indonesian: person

→ Middle High German: persōn, persōne

German: Person

Hunsrik: Person

Luxembourgish: Persoun

desc

Yiddish: פּאַרשוין (parshoyn), פּערזאָן (perzon)

desctree

→ Old Irish: persan
Middle Irish: persa
Irish: pearsa
Scottish Gaelic: pearsa

→ Polish: persona

→ Romanian: persoană

→ Russian: персо́на (persóna)

→ Spanish: persona

→ Swedish: person

→ Welsh: person

Unknown.
Two links have been suggested:
* to Etruscan 𐌘𐌄𐌓𐌔𐌖 (φersu) (human figure appearing with a mask), which some have referred to Perseus, some to Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “mask, character”);
* to personō (“to sound through”), often by Roman writers, but notice short and long o.

der

Sed esse Chrīstum manifestē ac vērāciter confitēmur; ūnum igitur esse dīcimus Chrīstum. Quod sī ita est, ūnam quoque Chrīstī sine dubitātiōne persōnam esse necesse est. Nam sī duae persōnae essent, ūnus esse nōn posset; duōs vērō esse dīcere Chrīstōs nihil est aliud nisi praecipitātae mentis īnsānia.

6th c. CE, Boethius, Contra Eutychen et Nestorium 4

But we clearly and truly confess profess that Christ exists, and so we say He is one. This being the case, it must follow without doubt that the person of Christ is also one. If there were two persons, then there could not be one, so to say that there are two Christs is nothing but the insanity of distraught mind.


inspector

la-noun

īnspector m (genitive īnspectōris); third declension

īnspector (canonical masculine)
īnspectōris (genitive)
īnspector (nominative singular)
īnspectōrēs (nominative plural)
īnspectōris (genitive singular)
īnspectōrum (genitive plural)
īnspectōrī (dative singular)
īnspectōribus (dative plural)
īnspectōrem (accusative singular)
īnspectōrēs (accusative plural)
īnspectōre (ablative singular)
īnspectōribus (ablative plural)
īnspector (singular vocative)
īnspectōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: inspector

French: inspecteur

Galician: inspector

Italian: ispettore

Occitan: inspector

Portuguese: inspetor

Spanish: inspector

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) inspector, examiner (especially one who inspects a household, monastery, etc)


ille

illa (feminine)
illud (neuter)
olle (alternative archaic)

desc

Aragonese: el, er, ell, ella, era, els, ers, ells, ellas, eras

Aromanian: el, ea, elj, eali, lui, ljei, lor, ãlj, li, lã, ãl, u

Asturian: él~elli, ella, ello, ellos, elles, ellas

Catalan: ell, ella, ells, elles, llur

Dalmatian: jal, jala, jali, jale, louro

Franco-Provençal: el, elli, il, elles, lui, lei, lor, li

Old French: il (M.SG/PL), ele, lei, li, lui, lor, eus

French: il, elle, ils, elles, lui, leur, eux, lei (dialectal, Burgundy, Normandy)

Louisiana French: alle

Norman: il (M.SG/PL), alle, lei, li, leux

Friulian: lui, jê, lôr

Istriot: el, gila, luri

Italian: egli, ella, lui, lei, loro, lo, la, li, le

Judeo-Italian: לוּ (lu)

Ladin: ëi, i

Megleno-Romanian: iel, ieľ

Neapolitan: lloro, llo/'o, lla, 'a, lle/'e

Galician: el, ela, eles, elas

Occitan: el, ela, eles, elas

Portuguese: ele, ela, eles, elas, o, a, os, as, lhe, lhes, lo, la, los, las, no, na, nos, nas

Romanian: el, ea, ei, ele, lui, ei, lor, îi, le, îl, o

Romansch: el, ella, els, ellas, lur

Sicilian: iḍḍu/iddu, iḍḍa/idda, iḍḍi/iddi

Spanish: él, ella, ello, ellos, ellas, lo, la, los, las, le, les

Venetan: eło/elo, eła, ełe, łorec, łori

From Old Latin olle (“he, that”) (also ollus, olla), from Proto-Italic *olnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ol-no-s or *h₂l̥-no-s, from *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with Latin ūls (“beyond”), alius (“other”), and alter (“the other”); Umbrian ulu (“to that place”), Old Church Slavonic лани (lani, “last year”, literally “in that (year)”).
Initial i- from o- has no parallel case and may be owing to contamination from is, iste and/or due to the palatalizing effect of l exilis.

cog

At ille dixit eis: satis est.

(Late Latin) he, she, it (third-person personal pronoun)


parabola

la-noun

parabola f (genitive parabolae); first declension

parabolae (genitive)
parabola (nominative singular)
parabolae (nominative plural)
parabolae (genitive singular)
parabolārum (genitive plural)
parabolae (dative singular)
parabolīs (dative plural)
parabolam (accusative singular)
parabolās (accusative plural)
parabolā (ablative singular)
parabolīs (ablative plural)
parabola (singular vocative)
parabolae (plural vocative)
parabolē (alternative)

Vulgar Latin: *paraula

Emilian-Romagnol:

Emilian: parôla

Italo-Dalmatian:

desc

Dalmatian: palaura, paraura, paraula, palaula

Italian: parola

פַארַאוֵילַה

Judeo-Italian: פַארַאוֵילַה (paʔraʔwelah /paravela/)

Sicilian: parola, palora, paràula, palàura

Ligurian: paròlla, poula

Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: parabra

desctree

Old French: parole
Middle French: parole
French: parole
→ Dutch: parool
→ Russian: пароль (parolʹ) (likely)
→ Eastern Mari: пароль (paroĺ)
→ Haitian Creole: pawòl
→ Romanian: parolă
→ English: parole
Walloon: parole

Old Leonese:

Asturian: pallabra, palabra

Extremaduran: palabra

Leonese: pallabra

Mirandese: palabra

Old Occitan: paraulla, paraula
Occitan: paraula

Old Galician-Portuguese: palavra, paravla, paravoa, paravra
Fala: palabra
Galician: palabra, palavra
Portuguese: palavra (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: parabla
Ladino: palavra / פאלאברה
Spanish: palabra
→ English: palabra
→ French: palabre
→ Greek: παλάβρα (palávra)
→ Turkish: palavra, palavara, patavra, partal (dialectal)
→ Romanian: palavră
→ Papiamentu: palabra
→ Tagalog: palabra

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: peraule

Ladin: parola

Sardinian: paragula, peraula

Venetan: paroła, paròla, paròła

→ Interlingua: parola

Ecclesiastical Latin:

→ Albanian: përrallë

→ Catalan: paràbola

→ Dutch: parabel

→ English: parabola, parabole

→ Esperanto: parabolo

→ Finnish: paraabeli

→ German: Parabel

→ Italian: parabola

→ Old French: parabole, parable
French: parabole
Norman: pathabole
→ Middle English: parable, parabole, parabol, parabele, parabyl, parabyll, parabil
English: parable
Scots: parable
Yola: parboles (plural)

→ Polish: parabola

→ Portuguese: parábola

→ Romanian: parabolă

→ Spanish: parábola, palabra

→ Swedish: parabel

→ Middle Irish: baramail
Irish: barúil
Manx: barel
Scottish Gaelic: barail

Borrowed from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ, “comparison; parable”).

der

animadvertet parabolam et interpretātiōnem, verba sapientum et aenigmata eōrum

He shall understand a parable, and the interpretation, the words of the wise, and their mysterious sayings. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)

(Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin) An allegorical relation, parable; proverb; taunting speech or any speech.


scrotum

la-noun

scrōtum n (genitive scrōtī); second declension

scrōtum (canonical neuter)
scrōtī (genitive)
scrōtum (nominative singular)
scrōta (nominative plural)
scrōtī (genitive singular)
scrōtōrum (genitive plural)
scrōtō (dative singular)
scrōtīs (dative plural)
scrōtum (accusative singular)
scrōta (accusative plural)
scrōtō (ablative singular)
scrōtīs (ablative plural)
scrōtum (singular vocative)
scrōta (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: skrotum

→ Aragonese: escroto

→ Asturian: escrotu

→ Catalan: escrot

→ Galician: escroto

→ Danish: skrotum

→ Dutch: scrotum

→ English: scrotum

→ French: scrotum

→ German: Skrotum

→ Italian: scroto

→ Macedonian: скротум (skrotum)

→ Norwegian: skrotum

→ Portuguese: escroto

→ Romanian: scrot

→ Sicilian: scrotu

→ Spanish: escroto
→ Tagalog: eskroto

→ Slovak: skrótum

→ Slovene: skrotum

→ Swedish: scrotum, skrotum

→ Turkish: skrotum

→ Welsh: sgrotwm

Not attested classically. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker(H)- (“to cut”) with an unexplained extension and the suffix *-tóm. See Latin scortum, scrautum, corium, Proto-Germanic *skeraną (whence English shear), Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “I cut off”), Albanian harr (“to cut, to mow”), Lithuanian ski̇̀rti (“separate”), Welsh ysgar (“separate”), Old Armenian քերեմ (kʻerem, “to scrape, scratch”). It may derive from an intermediate sense “piece of skin, leather, hide” as in scortum and other cognates, or “bag”; compare the semantic development of Welsh cwd (“pouch, bag, purse; scrotum”) from Latin cutis (“skin”). The formal details are uncertain: perhaps modified from earlier *scorotum, from Proto-Italic *skoratom, from Proto-Indo-European *skr̥H-to-m, but perhaps more likely a borrowing from an unknown source.

noncog

Scrōtum est membrum gignendī hominis et animālis in fōrmam saccī, quod testēs continet et prōtegit.

The scrotum is a human and animal body part for procreation in the form of a sack, which contains and protects the testes.


spatula

la-noun

spatula f (genitive spatulae); first declension

spatulae (genitive)
spatula (nominative singular)
spatulae (nominative plural)
spatulae (genitive singular)
spatulārum (genitive plural)
spatulae (dative singular)
spatulīs (dative plural)
spatulam (accusative singular)
spatulās (accusative plural)
spatulā (ablative singular)
spatulīs (ablative plural)
spatula (singular vocative)
spatulae (plural vocative)
spathula (alternative)

→ Albanian: shpatull (“shoulder”)

Asturian: espalda (“back”)

Catalan: espatlla (“shoulder”)

→ Catalan: espàtula (“spatula”)

→ English: spatula

Franco-Provençal: èpâla

French: épaule (“shoulder”)

→ French: spatule

German: Spatel

→ Greek: σπάτουλα (spátoula)

Italian: spalla (“shoulder”)

→ Italian: spatola

Northern Italo-Romance:

Friulian: spale (“shoulder”)

Romagnol: spàla

Romansch: spatla (“shoulder”)

Venetan: spała

Occitan: espatla (“shoulder”)

→ Occitan: espatula

Portuguese: espalda

→ Portuguese: espátula

→ Portuguese: espádua (semi-learned)

→ Romanian: spatulă

Sicilian: spaḍḍa (“shoulder”)

→ Sicilian: spatula

Spanish: espalda (“back”)

→ Spanish: espátula

→ Venetan: spatoła

→ Venetan: spadoła (semi-learned)

Walloon: spale

Diminutive from spatha (“broad, flat tool”) + -ula (diminutive suffix).

suffix

(Late Latin) a scapula (shoulder blade).

(Late Latin) a spoon or spatula (kitchenware).


barca

la-noun

barca f (genitive barcae); first declension

barcae (genitive)
barca (nominative singular)
barcae (nominative plural)
barcae (genitive singular)
barcārum (genitive plural)
barcae (dative singular)
barcīs (dative plural)
barcam (accusative singular)
barcās (accusative plural)
barcā (ablative singular)
barcīs (ablative plural)
barca (singular vocative)
barcae (plural vocative)

Gallo-Italian:

Venetan: barca

Iberian:

Old Galician-Portuguese: barca

Galician: barca

Portuguese: barca

Spanish: barca

East Iberian/Occitano-Romance:

Old Occitan: barca

Catalan: barca

Occitan: barca

Italo-Dalmatian:

Dalmatian: buarca

Italian: barca

→ Hungarian: bárka

→ Romanian: barcă

→ Serbo-Croatian: barka

Sicilian: varca

Oïl:

desctree

Old French: barge
Middle French: barge
French: barge
→ Russian: баржа (barža)
→ Middle English: barge, bargge, baarge, berge, barche
English: barge
Scots: bairge (possibly)

Rhaetian:

Friulian: barcje

Romansch: bartga

Medieval Latin: barca, barcha, barga

→ Middle French: barque

French: barque

→ English: barque

→ Russian: барк (bark)

→ Faroese: bark

→ Norwegian: bark

→ Danish: bark

→ Irish: bárc

→ Middle Breton: barc

Breton: barc

→ Middle Dutch: barke

Dutch: bark

→ Middle High German: barke

German: Barke

→ Middle Low German: barke

→ Russian: барка (barka)

→ Middle English: barke

English: bark

→ Welsh: barc

→ Byzantine Greek: βάρκα (bárka) (reborrowing)

Greek: βάρκα (várka)

→ Aromanian: varcã

Late Latin, first attested in a late 2nd or early 3rd-century inscription in Balsa (ILS 5069). Surfaces again much later in Medieval Latin as barca, by that point a borrowing from Romance.
Regular syncope of Vulgar Latin *bārica, from Latin bāris (“Egyptian shallow wide flat-bottomed river boat”), from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), from Demotic br, from Egyptian bꜣjr (“transport ship”), b-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1

cog

baris (a type of flat-bottomed freighter used on the Nile in Ancient Egypt)


mutatis mutandis

Literally “with [the things] to be changed having been changed”. Of late derivation: earliest appearance in British Latin, 1272.

(Late Latin) mutatis mutandis (having changed what needs to be changed)


apophasis

la-noun

apophasis f (genitive apophasis); third declension

apophasis (genitive)
apophasis (nominative singular)
apophasēs (nominative plural)
apophasis (genitive singular)
apophasium (genitive plural)
apophasī (dative singular)
apophasibus (dative plural)
apophasem (accusative singular)
apophasēs (accusative plural)
apophasīs (accusative plural)
apophase (ablative singular)
apophasibus (ablative plural)
apophasis (singular vocative)
apophasēs (plural vocative)

English: apophasis

French: apophase

Galician: apófase

→ Finnish: apofaasi

Portuguese: apófase

→ Russian: Апофазия (Apofazija)

From Ancient Greek ἀπόφασις (apóphasis, “denial, negation”), ἀπο- (apo-, “away, from, off”) + φάσις (phásis, “statement, proposition”) from ἀπόφημι (apóphēmi, “speak out; say no, refuse, deny”) from Attic Greek φημί (phēmí), Doric Greek φᾱμί (phāmí) from Proto-Hellenic *pʰā́mā from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂; whence via Proto-Italic *fāōr, *fāmā compare fārī, fābula, fāma, hence English fable, fame.

af

(Late Latin, logic, rhetoric) apophasis; ironically alluding to a subject matter by denying that the subject will be mentioned, embedded within a statement or rhetorical question whereby one, as it were, answers himself


commando

la-verb

commandō (present infinitive commandāre); first conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

commandō (canonical)
supine stems (canonical)
commandāre (infinitive present)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cumãndu, cumãndari

Romanian: comânda, cumânda

Dalmatian:

comanduar

Italo-Romance:

Italian: comandare
→ Spanish: comandar

Neapolitan: commannare

desctree

Sicilian: cumannari, cumandari
→ Maltese: kkmanda

North Italian:

Friulian: comandâ

Ladin: cumander

Romansch: commander

Venetan: comandar

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: comander, cumander, conmander
Middle French: commander
French: commander
Haitian Creole: kòmande
→ Northern Kurdish: komandar
→ Portuguese: comandar
→ Romanian: comanda
Norman: c'mander (Jèrriais)
→ Middle English: comaunden, comanden, commaunden, commanden, comaunde, comande, commaunde
English: command
Scots: command

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: comanar ⇒ encomanar, recomanar

Occitan: comandar

→? Catalan: comandar

Reflection of commendō based on the unprefixed counterpart mandō.

...et quamvis commendo dicamus tamen commando in consuetudine est.

2nd century CE, Velius Longus, De Orthographia:

...and although we may say commendo, commando is still in use.


litotes

la-noun

lītotēs f (genitive lītotētos); third declension

lītotēs (canonical feminine)
lītotētos (genitive)
lītotēs (nominative singular)
lītotētes (nominative plural)
lītotētos (genitive singular)
lītotētum (genitive plural)
lītotētī (dative singular)
lītotētibus (dative plural)
lītotēta (accusative singular)
lītotētas (accusative plural)
lītotēte (ablative singular)
lītotētibus (ablative plural)
lītotēs (singular vocative)
lītotētes (plural vocative)

→ English: litotes (learned)

desctree

→ French: litote (learned)
→ Russian: лито́та (litóta)
→ Spanish: litote

→ German: Litotes (learned)

→ Italian: litote (learned)

→ Polish: litotes (learned)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λιτότης (litótēs).

bor+

(rhetoric) litotes (rhetorical understatement)


quasi

Balkano-Romance:

Romanian: ca și

Italo-Dalmatian:

Italian: quasi

Old Venetan: asques (Trevignano), squasio

Sicilian: quasi, squasi

Gallo-Italic:

Old Lombard: quaxe

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: quaix

Old Occitan: quaisses, cais

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: acais

→ Asturian: cuasi

→ Dutch: quasi

→ English: quasi

→ Esperanto: kvazaŭ

→ French: quasi

→ Galician: case

→ German: quasi

→ Portuguese: quase

→ Romanian: quasi, cvasi

→ Spanish: casi, cuasi

Univerbation of quam (“how, as”) + sī (“if”) with clitic shortening of the first vowel and iambic shortening of the second.

univ

quasi praedam male divisisset

on that grounds that he had poorly divided the plunder


mina

la-noun

mina f (genitive minae); first declension

Borrowed from Gaulish *mēnā (“ore, mine”), from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, mine”).


nura

la-noun

nura f (genitive nurae); first declension

nurae (genitive)
nura (nominative singular)
nurae (nominative plural)
nurae (genitive singular)
nurārum (genitive plural)
nurae (dative singular)
nurīs (dative plural)
nuram (accusative singular)
nurās (accusative plural)
nurā (ablative singular)
nurīs (ablative plural)
nura (singular vocative)
nurae (plural vocative)

Neapolitan: nura (Calabria, Basilicata)

Sardinian: nura

Vulgar Latin: *nŏra

nurus non nura

[3rd–4th century, Appendix Probi, line 169:

alternative form of nurus (“daughter-in-law”)


zeugma

zeugma n (genitive zeugmatis); third declension

zeugmatis (genitive)
zeugma (nominative singular)
zeugmata (nominative plural)
zeugmatis (genitive singular)
zeugmatum (genitive plural)
zeugmatī (dative singular)
zeugmatibus (dative plural)
zeugma (accusative singular)
zeugmata (accusative plural)
zeugmate (ablative singular)
zeugmatibus (ablative plural)
zeugma (singular vocative)
zeugmata (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζεῦγμα (zeûgma, “bond; yoking”).


crapula

la-noun

crāpula f (genitive crāpulae); first declension

crāpula (canonical feminine)
crāpulae (genitive)
crāpula (nominative singular)
crāpulae (nominative plural)
crāpulae (genitive singular)
crāpulārum (genitive plural)
crāpulae (dative singular)
crāpulīs (dative plural)
crāpulam (accusative singular)
crāpulās (accusative plural)
crāpulā (ablative singular)
crāpulīs (ablative plural)
crāpula (singular vocative)
crāpulae (plural vocative)

→ English: crapula

desctree

French: crapule
→ Dutch: crapuul
→ German: Krapüle

→ Finnish: krapula

Italian: crapula

→ Portuguese: crápula

Romanian: crapulare

→ Spanish: crápula

From Ancient Greek κραιπάλη (kraipálē, “intoxication, hangover”).

der

4th C. CE, Saint Jerome, Vulgate, Luke 21:34

And take heed to yourselves, lest perhaps your hearts be weighed down with overeating, and drunkenness, and the cares of this life, and that sudden day come upon you.

Attendite autem vobīs, nē forte graventur corda vestra in crāpulā, et ēbrietāte, et cūrīs huius vītae, et superveniat in vōs repentīna diēs illa.

Ēbrietās longē est ā mē: miserēberis, nē appropinquet mihi. Crāpula autem nōnnumquam subrepit servō tuō: miserēberis, ut longē fīat ā mē.

397 CE – 401 CE, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis, Confessions 10.31.45

Drunkenness is far away from me: thou shalt take pity on me not to let it near me. Overeating, however, creeps sometimes to thy servant: thou shalt take pity that it be taken far away from me.

(Late Latin) surfeit of food, overeating


cocina

la-noun

cocīna f (genitive cocīnae); first declension

cocīna (canonical feminine)
cocīnae (genitive)
cocīna (nominative singular)
cocīnae (nominative plural)
cocīnae (genitive singular)
cocīnārum (genitive plural)
cocīnae (dative singular)
cocīnīs (dative plural)
cocīnam (accusative singular)
cocīnās (accusative plural)
cocīnā (ablative singular)
cocīnīs (ablative plural)
cocīna (singular vocative)
cocīnae (plural vocative)

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: cochina, cocina, coghina, cogina, cuchina

Dalmatian:

cočaina

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cucina

Sicilian: cucina

→ Maltese: kċina

North Italian:

Emilian: cuséna

Friulian: cusine

Romansch: cuschina, cuschegna, cuschigna

Venetan: cusina, cuxina, coxina

→ Albanian: kuzhinë

→ Greek: κουζίνα (kouzína)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кужина

Latin script: kužina

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: cusena

Old French: cuisine

French: cuisine (see there for further descendants)

Norman: tchuîsinne, tchuusène (continental), cuisaenne

Walloon: coujhene

Occitano-Romance:

Occitan: cosina

Old Catalan: coïna

Catalan: cuina

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: cocina

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: cozinha, cozĩa
Galician: cociña, cuciña, cozinha (Reintegrationist)
Portuguese: cozinha (see there for further descendants)

Spanish: cocina (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→ Proto-Brythonic: *kögin (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *kukinā (see there for further descendants)

From earlier coquīna, ultimately from Classical coquō ("cook", verb).

4th c. CE, Testamentum Porcelli

The cook Magirus said 'Go, boy, bring me a knife from the kitchen so that I can make this piglet all bloody'.

Magirus cocus dixit transi puer affer mihi de cocina cultrum ut hunc porcellum faciam cruentum.


paragoge

la-noun

paragōgē f (genitive paragōgēs); first declension

paragōgē (canonical feminine)
paragōgēs (genitive)
paragōgē (nominative singular)
paragōgae (nominative plural)
paragōgēs (genitive singular)
paragōgārum (genitive plural)
paragōgae (dative singular)
paragōgīs (dative plural)
paragōgēn (accusative singular)
paragōgās (accusative plural)
paragōgē (ablative singular)
paragōgīs (ablative plural)
paragōgē (singular vocative)
paragōgae (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek παραγωγή (paragōgḗ, “derivation, addition”).


campana

la-noun

campāna f (genitive campānae); first declension

campāna (canonical feminine)
campānae (genitive)
campāna (nominative singular)
campānae (nominative plural)
campānae (genitive singular)
campānārum (genitive plural)
campānae (dative singular)
campānīs (dative plural)
campānam (accusative singular)
campānās (accusative plural)
campānā (ablative singular)
campānīs (ablative plural)
campāna (singular vocative)
campānae (plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

campuona, campen

Italo-Romance:

Italian: campana

Sicilian: campana

desc

→ Maltese: qanpiena, qanpiela (rarer byform)

W. Romance of N. Italy:

Friulian: cjampane

Venetan: canpana

Gallo-Romance:

Franc-Comtois: [tʃãpãn] 'stove-plate'

Old Franco-Provençal: campanna

Franco-Provençal: tsampêna, champane, ⇒ tsampainot, /tsãpãna/, /θãpãna/

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: campana

Gascon: campane

Occitan: campana (see there for further descendants)

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: campana

Asturian: campana

Mirandese: campana

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: campãa
Galician: campá
Portuguese: campa, campã

Spanish: campana (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: campana

desc

→ Albanian: këmborë, këmbonë — Gheg, kumborë — Arbëresh (”bell”)

→ Ancient Greek: κάμπανος (kámpanos), γάμπανος (gámpanos, “steelyard”)

desctree

→ Arabic: قَبَّان (qabbān), قَفَّان (qaffān), قَنْبَان (qanbān)
→ Amharic: ቀባን (ḳäbban)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: камъбанъ (kamŭbanŭ), камьбань (kamĭbanĭ), камбанъ (kambanŭ), кампанъ (kampanŭ)

desctree

→ Persian: قپان (qapân), کپان (kapân), قپون (qapun) (colloquial Teherani)
→ Azerbaijani: qapan
→ Turkish: kapan

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܐܦܐܢܐ (/*qapānā/)

desc

→ Basque: kanpana (“bell”) (or from Spanish?)

→ Byzantine Greek: καμπάνα (kampána, “bell”) (or from Venetan?)

desctree

Greek: καμπάνα (kampána)
→ Aromanian: cãmbanã
→ Bulgarian: камбана (kambana)
→ Macedonian: камбана (kambana)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: кѫпона (kǫpona, “steelyard”)

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кѫпонити (kǫponiti, verb)

→ Bulgarian: къпони m pl (kǎponi)

→ Old East Slavic: купона (kupona)

desctree

→ Romanian: cumpănă
→ Hungarian: kompona

From Campānus, as the region was a centre for bronze production. Already in the first century CE Pliny speaks of the quality of aes campānum (“Campanian bronze”) and refers to vāsa campāna (“Campanian vessels [or utensils]”). First attested as a bare feminine noun in 510 CE. Notably, bronze is a traditional material for making both bells and steelyards.
It has also been suggested that Campania was simply the location where St Paulinus introduced bells to Christian ceremony.
The word has alternatively been linked, probably spuriously, to the Ancient Greek καπάνη (kapánē, “felt helmet”), owing to a supposed resemblance of shape, and also to Thessalian variants of the Ancient Greek ἀπήνη (apḗnē) bearing the sense of 'cross-piece, middle-beam'.

a tower for such a bell, a campanile, belfry


cocus

la-noun

cocus m (genitive cocī); second declension

cocī (genitive)
cocus (nominative singular)
cocī (nominative plural)
cocī (genitive singular)
cocōrum (genitive plural)
cocō (dative singular)
cocīs (dative plural)
cocum (accusative singular)
cocōs (accusative plural)
cocō (ablative singular)
cocīs (ablative plural)
coce (singular vocative)
cocī (plural vocative)

coqus^([sic]) non cocus

[3rd–4th century, Appendix Probi, line 38:

(The correct form is) coqus,^([sic]) not cocus


talio

la-verb

tāliō (present infinitive tāliāre, perfect active tāliāvī, supine tāliātum); first conjugation

tāliō (canonical)
tāliāre (infinitive present)
tāliāvī (active perfect)
tāliātum (supine)
tāliō (active first-person indicative present singular)
tāliās (active indicative present second-person singular)
tāliat (active indicative present singular third-person)
tāliāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
tāliātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
tāliant (active indicative plural present third-person)
tāliābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tāliābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tāliābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tāliābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tāliābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tāliābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tāliābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
tāliābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
tāliābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
tāliābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
tāliābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
tāliābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
tāliāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
tāliāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
tāliāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
tāliāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
tāliāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
tāliāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
tāliāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
tāliāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
tāliāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
tāliāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
tāliāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
tāliāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
tāliāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
tāliāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
tāliāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
tāliāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
tāliāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
tāliāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
tāliāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
tālior (first-person indicative passive present singular)
tāliāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
tāliāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
tāliātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
tāliāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
tāliāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
tāliantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
tāliābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
tāliābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
tāliābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
tāliābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
tāliābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
tāliābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
tāliābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
tāliābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
tāliāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
tāliābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
tāliābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
tāliābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
tāliābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
tāliābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
tāliem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
tāliēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
tāliēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
tāliētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
tālient (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
tāliārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tāliārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tāliārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tāliārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tāliārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tāliāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
tāliāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tāliāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
tāliāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tāliāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tāliāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
tāliāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tāliāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
tāliāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tāliāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tālier (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
tāliēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
tāliēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
tāliēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
tālientur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
tāliārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
tāliārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tāliārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tāliārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
tāliārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tāliārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tāliā (active imperative present second-person singular)
tāliāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
tāliātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
tāliātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
tāliātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
tāliantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
tāliāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
tāliāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
tāliātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
tāliātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
tāliantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
tāliāre (active infinitive present)
tāliārī (infinitive passive present)
tāliāns (active participle present)
tāliātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
tāliātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
tāliātūrus (active future participle)
tāliandus (future participle passive)
tāliāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
tāliātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
tāliātus (participle passive perfect)
tāliātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
tāliātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
tāliandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
tāliandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
tāliandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
tāliandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
tāliātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
tāliātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)
tāleō (alternative)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: tazare

>? Corsican: tazzà

Balkano-Romance:

Aromanian: talj, tai

Megleno-Romanian: taľ

Romanian: tăia

Italo-Dalmatian:

Dalmatian: taljur

Istriot: talgià

Italian: tagliare
→? Spanish: tallar

Neapolitan: taglià

Sicilian: tagghiari

Venetan: tajar

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: taiâ

Romansch: tagliar, taglier, tagler

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: tajär

Ligurian: tagiâ

Lombard: tajâ

Piedmontese: tajé

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: tallar

Occitan: talhar

Old French: taillier (see there for further descendants)

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: tallar

Asturian: tayar

Old Galician-Portuguese: tallar

Galician: tallar

Portuguese: talhar

Spanish: tajar

Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
Nonius Marcellus

From tālea (“cutting from a plant”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix). Attested from the sixth century CE, while a prefixed intertāliō is attested earlier in Nonius.


odio

la-verb

odiō (present infinitive odīre, perfect active ōdīvī, supine ōsum); fourth conjugation

odiō (canonical)
odīre (infinitive present)
ōdīvī (active perfect)
ōsum (supine)
odiō (active first-person indicative present singular)
odīs (active indicative present second-person singular)
odit (active indicative present singular third-person)
odīmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
odītis (active indicative plural present second-person)
odiunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
odiēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
odiēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
odiēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
odiēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
odiēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
odiēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
odiam (active first-person future indicative singular)
odiēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
odiet (active future indicative singular third-person)
odiēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
odiētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
odient (active future indicative plural third-person)
ōdīvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
ōdīvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ōdīvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ōdīvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ōdīvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ōdīvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ōdīvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ōdīveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
ōdīverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
ōdīverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ōdīverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
ōdīverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ōdīverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
ōdīverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
ōdīveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
ōdīverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
ōdīverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
ōdīveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ōdīverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
odior (first-person indicative passive present singular)
odīris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
odīre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
odītur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
odīmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
odīminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
odiuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
odiēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
odiēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
odiēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
odiēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
odiēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
odiēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
odiēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
odiar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
odiēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
odiēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
odiētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
odiēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
odiēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
odientur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
ōsus + present active indicative of sum (indicative passive perfect)
ōsus + future active indicative of sum (future indicative passive perfect)
odiam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
odiās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
odiat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
odiāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
odiātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
odiant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
odīrem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
odīrēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
odīret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
odīrēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
odīrētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
odīrent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ōdīverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
ōdīverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ōdīverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ōdīverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
ōdīverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ōdīverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ōdīvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ōdīvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ōdīvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ōdīvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ōdīvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ōdīvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
odiar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
odiāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
odiāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
odiātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
odiāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
odiāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
odiantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
odīrer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
odīrēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
odīrēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
odīrētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
odīrēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
odīrēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
odīrentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
odī (active imperative present second-person singular)
odīte (active imperative plural present second-person)
odītō (active future imperative second-person singular)
odītō (active future imperative singular third-person)
odītōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
odiuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
odīre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
odīminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
odītor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
odītor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
odiuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
odīre (active infinitive present)
odīrī (infinitive passive present)
odiēns (active participle present)
ōsūrum esse (active future infinitive)
ōsum īrī (future infinitive passive)
ōsūrus (active future participle)
odiendus (future participle passive)
odiundus (future participle passive)
ōdīvisse (active infinitive perfect)
ōsum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
ōsus (participle passive perfect)
ōsum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
ōsūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
odiendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
odiendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
odiendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
odiendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
ōsum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
ōsū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

A regularizing substitute for the highly irregular ōdī and the various synonymous expressions with odium of Classical Latin, first attested as ōdīvit in Cicero and attributed to Marc Antony. It is likely that this perfect form was the first stage of the verb's development, via hypercorrection of the then-current īvī > ī contraction; later this was extended to other tenses on the model of verbs like audiō.

Sed iam vidēte magnī et clārī virī admīrābilem gravitātem atque cōnstantiam:
'Mihi quidem cōnstat nec meam contumēliam nec meōrum ferre, nec dēserere partīs quās Pompeius ōdīvit nec veterānōs sēdibus suīs movērī patī nec singulōs ad cruciātum trahī nec fallere fidem quam dedī Dolābellae—'

44 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Philippicae 13.19.41–42

Now observe the incredible seriousness and resolution of a great and distinguished man:
'I am determined not to tolerate insult to me or to my friends, nor to desert the party which Pompey hated, nor to allow the veterans to be evicted from their homes nor to be dragged one by one to crucifixion, nor to betray my pledge to Dolabella—'
I leave out the rest: he cannot, as a man of honor, betray his pledge to that model of integrity, Dolabella.

Omittō alia: 'fidem Dolābellae,' sānctissimī virī, dēserere homo pius nōn potest.

Nōn prōpōnēbam ante oculōs meōs rem iniūstam; facientēs praevāricātiōnēs ōdīvī.

I did not set before my eyes any unjust thing; I hated the workers of iniquities.


mandibula

la-noun

mandibula f (genitive mandibulae); first declension

mandibulae (genitive)
mandibula (nominative singular)
mandibulae (nominative plural)
mandibulae (genitive singular)
mandibulārum (genitive plural)
mandibulae (dative singular)
mandibulīs (dative plural)
mandibulam (accusative singular)
mandibulās (accusative plural)
mandibulā (ablative singular)
mandibulīs (ablative plural)
mandibula (singular vocative)
mandibulae (plural vocative)
mandibulum (alternative)

→ Catalan: mandíbula

→ English: mandibula

→ French: mandibule

→ Galician: mandíbula

→ Italian: mandibola

Middle English:

English: mandible

→ Portuguese: mandíbula

→ Romanian: mandibulă

→ Spanish: mandíbula

From mandō (“to chew, masticate”) + -bula (instrument noun suffix).


agitatrix

la-noun

agitātrīx f (genitive agitātrīcis); third declension

agitātrīx (canonical feminine)
agitātrīcis (genitive)
agitātrīx (nominative singular)
agitātrīcēs (nominative plural)
agitātrīcis (genitive singular)
agitātrīcum (genitive plural)
agitātrīcī (dative singular)
agitātrīcibus (dative plural)
agitātrīcem (accusative singular)
agitātrīcēs (accusative plural)
agitātrīce (ablative singular)
agitātrīcibus (ablative plural)
agitātrīx (singular vocative)
agitātrīcēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Catocala agitatrix

From agitō, agitātum (“to put something in motion”, verb) + -trīx f (“-ess”, agentive suffix).

suffix

(Late Latin) Any thing that is moving (of the emotions or spirit)


cibo

la-verb

cibō (present infinitive cibāre, perfect active cibāvī, supine cibātum); first conjugation

cibō (canonical)
cibāre (infinitive present)
cibāvī (active perfect)
cibātum (supine)
cibō (active first-person indicative present singular)
cibās (active indicative present second-person singular)
cibat (active indicative present singular third-person)
cibāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
cibātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
cibant (active indicative plural present third-person)
cibābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cibābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cibābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cibābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cibābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cibābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cibābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
cibābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
cibābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
cibābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
cibābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
cibābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
cibāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
cibāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
cibāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
cibāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
cibāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
cibāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cibāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cibāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
cibāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
cibāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
cibāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
cibāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
cibāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
cibāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
cibāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
cibāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
cibāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
cibāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
cibāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
cibor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
cibāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
cibāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
cibātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
cibāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
cibāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
cibantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
cibābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
cibābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
cibābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
cibābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
cibābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
cibābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
cibābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
cibābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
cibāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
cibābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
cibābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
cibābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
cibābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
cibābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
cibem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
cibēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
cibet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
cibēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
cibētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
cibent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
cibārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cibārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cibāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cibārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cibārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cibārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cibāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
cibāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cibāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cibāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
cibāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cibāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cibāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
cibāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cibāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cibāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
cibāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cibāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ciber (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
cibēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
cibēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
cibētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
cibēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
cibēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
cibentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
cibārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
cibārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
cibārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
cibārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
cibārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
cibārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
cibārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
cibā (active imperative present second-person singular)
cibāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
cibātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
cibātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
cibātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
cibantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
cibāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
cibāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
cibātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
cibātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
cibantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
cibāre (active infinitive present)
cibārī (infinitive passive present)
cibāns (active participle present)
cibātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
cibātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
cibātūrus (active future participle)
cibandus (future participle passive)
cibāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
cibātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
cibātus (participle passive perfect)
cibātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
cibātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
cibandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
cibandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
cibandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
cibandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
cibātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
cibātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Galician: cebar

Italian: cibare, civare

Portuguese: cevar

Sicilian: civari

Spanish: cebar

(Late Latin) to give food to people, to feed, nourish


archi-

→ Portuguese: arqui-, arce-, arci-

desc

→ Spanish: arqui-, archi-, arce-, arci-, arz-

→ Russian: арцы- (arcy-), арци- (arci-), архи- (arxi-)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *arci- (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old English: arċe-, ærċe-, erċe-
Middle English: arche-
English: arch-

From the Ancient Greek ἀρχι- (arkhi-). Productive from Late Latin on.


capitale

la-noun

capitāle n (genitive capitālis); third declension

capitāle (canonical neuter)
capitālis (genitive)
capitāle (nominative singular)
capitālia (nominative plural)
capitālis (genitive singular)
capitālium (genitive plural)
capitālī (dative singular)
capitālibus (dative plural)
capitāle (accusative singular)
capitālia (accusative plural)
capitālī (ablative singular)
capitālibus (ablative plural)
capitāle (singular vocative)
capitālia (plural vocative)


tergiversator

tergiversātor m (genitive tergiversātōris, feminine tergiversātrīx); third declension

tergiversātor (canonical masculine)
tergiversātōris (genitive)
tergiversātrīx (feminine)
tergiversātor (nominative singular)
tergiversātōrēs (nominative plural)
tergiversātōris (genitive singular)
tergiversātōrum (genitive plural)
tergiversātōrī (dative singular)
tergiversātōribus (dative plural)
tergiversātōrem (accusative singular)
tergiversātōrēs (accusative plural)
tergiversātōre (ablative singular)
tergiversātōribus (ablative plural)
tergiversātor (singular vocative)
tergiversātōrēs (plural vocative)

English: tergiversator

From tergiversor (“to delay, to evade”) + -tor (“-er: forming agent nouns”)

af

(Late Latin) avoider, delayer, postponer, decliner


coxa

la-noun

coxa f (genitive coxae); first declension

coxae (genitive)
coxa (nominative singular)
coxae (nominative plural)
coxae (genitive singular)
coxārum (genitive plural)
coxae (dative singular)
coxīs (dative plural)
coxam (accusative singular)
coxās (accusative plural)
coxā (ablative singular)
coxīs (ablative plural)
coxa (singular vocative)
coxae (plural vocative)

Corsican: coscia

Dalmatian: copsa

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: coapsã

Romanian: coapsă

→ Albanian: kofshë

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: chéuscia

Lombard: còssa

Piedmontese: cheussa

Istriot: cosa

Italian: coscia

Old Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: cuixa

Neapolitan: coscia

desctree

Old French: cuisse, quisse
French: cuisse
Haitian Creole: kwis
→ English: cuish, cuisse, quish
Bourguignon: cueusse
Champenois: cueche
Gallo: qhesse
Lorrain: cueuche
Norman: tchuisse, tchusse, tchiêsse, tchiesse, kyis
Walloon: coxhe
→ Walloon: cwisse

Old Leonese:

Mirandese: coixa

Old Occitan:

Catalan: cuixa

Occitan: cuèissa

Old Galician-Portuguese: coyxa (Medieval Galician)

Galician: coxa

Portuguese: coxa

Old Spanish:

Spanish: cuja

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: cuesse

desc

Romansch: coissa, quiessa, cuissa, cossa

Sardinian: coscia, cossa

desctree

Sicilian: coscia, cuoscia
→ Maltese: koxxa

Venetan: cosa

→ English: coxa

From Proto-Italic *koksā, from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs- (“joint, limb”), whence also coxendīx, Old Irish cos (“foot, leg”) and Welsh coes (“leg, shank”).


explicit

(Late Latin) alternative form of explicuit


Alba

la-proper noun

Alba m sg (genitive Albae); first declension

Albae (genitive)
Alba (nominative singular)
Albae (genitive singular)
Albae (dative singular)
Albam (accusative singular)
Albā (ablative singular)
Alba (singular vocative)
Albae (locative singular)


Siren

la-noun

Sīrēn f (genitive Sīrēnis); third declension

Sīrēn (canonical feminine)
Sīrēnis (genitive)
Sīrēn (nominative singular)
Sīrēnēs (nominative plural)
Sīrēnis (genitive singular)
Sīrēnum (genitive plural)
Sīrēnī (dative singular)
Sīrēnibus (dative plural)
Sīrēnem (accusative singular)
Sīrēnēs (accusative plural)
Sīrēne (ablative singular)
Sīrēnibus (ablative plural)
Sīrēn (singular vocative)
Sīrēnēs (plural vocative)
Sīrēdonēs (alternative)
Sīrēna (alternative)
Sērēna (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)

Asturian: serena, sirena

Catalan: sirena

English: Siren, siren

desctree

French: sirène
→ Persian: سیرن (siren)
→ Portuguese: sirene
→ Turkish: siren

→ Galician: sirena

German: Sirene

Irish: Síréana

Italian: sirena, serena

Old French: sereine

Old Galician-Portuguese: serẽa
Galician: serea
Portuguese: sereia

→ Portuguese: sirena

Romanian: sirenă

Spanish: sirena, serena, serea


creatura

la-noun

creātūra f (genitive creātūrae); first declension

creātūra (canonical feminine)
creātūrae (genitive)
creātūra (nominative singular)
creātūrae (nominative plural)
creātūrae (genitive singular)
creātūrārum (genitive plural)
creātūrae (dative singular)
creātūrīs (dative plural)
creātūram (accusative singular)
creātūrās (accusative plural)
creātūrā (ablative singular)
creātūrīs (ablative plural)
creātūra (singular vocative)
creātūrae (plural vocative)

Catalan: creatura, criatura

Dalmatian: cratoire

Dutch: creatuur

English: creature

French: créature

→ Hungarian: kreatúra

→ Middle Irish: crétúir

Irish: créatúr

→ English: crathur

Manx: cretoor

Scottish Gaelic: creutair

Italian: creatura

Old Occitan: creatura

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: creatura
Galician: criatura
Portuguese: criatura

Romanian: creatură

Sicilian: criaturu, criatura

Spanish: criatura

Welsh: creadur

Substantivization of the feminine future participle form of creō (“I create, make”).


cambio

la-verb

cambiō (present infinitive cambiāre, perfect active cambiāvī); first conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

cambiō (canonical)
no passive (canonical)
cambiāre (infinitive present)
cambiāvī (active perfect)
cambiō (active first-person indicative present singular)
cambiās (active indicative present second-person singular)
cambiat (active indicative present singular third-person)
cambiāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
cambiātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
cambiant (active indicative plural present third-person)
cambiābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cambiābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cambiābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cambiābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cambiābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cambiābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cambiābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
cambiābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
cambiābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
cambiābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
cambiābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
cambiābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
cambiāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
cambiāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
cambiāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
cambiāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
cambiāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
cambiāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cambiāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cambiāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
cambiāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
cambiāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
cambiāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
cambiāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
cambiāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
cambiāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
cambiāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
cambiāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
cambiāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
cambiāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
cambiāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
cambiem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
cambiēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
cambiet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
cambiēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
cambiētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
cambient (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
cambiārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cambiārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cambiāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cambiārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cambiārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cambiārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cambiāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
cambiāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cambiāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cambiāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
cambiāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cambiāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cambiāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
cambiāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cambiāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cambiāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
cambiāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cambiāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cambiā (active imperative present second-person singular)
cambiāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
cambiātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
cambiātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
cambiātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
cambiantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
cambiāre (active infinitive present)
cambiāns (active participle present)
cambiāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
cambiandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
cambiandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
cambiandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
cambiandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)

Balkan Romance:

→ Albanian: këmbej

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cambiare

Neapolitan: cagnà

Sicilian: canciari

North Italian:

Friulian: gambiâ

Ligurian: cangiâ

Lombard: cambiar

Piedmontese: cambié, cangé

Venetan: canbiar

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: canviar

Franco-Provençal: changiér

Old French: changier (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: cambiar

Occitan: cambiar

Auvergnat: chamjar

Limousin: chamjar, chamnhar

Vivaro-Alpine: chambiar

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: cambiar

Galician: cambiar

Portuguese: cambiar

Spanish: cambiar

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: cambiai, cambiare, cammiare, ciambare

Vulgar Latin: *excambiāre (see there for further descendants)

From cambium (“exchange”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix), the first element of Gaulish origin. Attested in this form from the 5th century CE, but also found earlier in the fourth-conjugation form cambiō, cambīre.


pius

la-adj

pius (feminine pia, neuter pium, comparative magis pius, superlative piissimus, adverb piē); first/second-declension adjective

pia (feminine)
pium (neuter)
magis pius (comparative)
piissimus (superlative)
piē (adverb)
pius (masculine nominative singular)
pia (feminine nominative singular)
pium (neuter nominative singular)
piī (masculine nominative plural)
piae (feminine nominative plural)
pia (neuter nominative plural)
piī (genitive masculine singular)
piae (feminine genitive singular)
piī (genitive neuter singular)
piōrum (genitive masculine plural)
piārum (feminine genitive plural)
piōrum (genitive neuter plural)
piō (dative masculine singular)
piae (dative feminine singular)
piō (dative neuter singular)
piīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
pium (accusative masculine singular)
piam (accusative feminine singular)
pium (accusative neuter singular)
piōs (accusative masculine plural)
piās (accusative feminine plural)
pia (accusative neuter plural)
piō (ablative masculine singular)
piā (ablative feminine singular)
piō (ablative neuter singular)
piīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
pie (masculine singular vocative)
pia (feminine singular vocative)
pium (neuter singular vocative)
piī (masculine plural vocative)
piae (feminine plural vocative)
pia (neuter plural vocative)

Italian: pio

Old French: pius, piu

Middle French: pieux

French: pieux

→ Romanian: pios

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: pío

Portuguese: pio

Sicilian: pìu

Spanish: pío

→ English: pious

From Proto-Italic *pwījos, from Proto-Indo-European *puHyós (“purifying”), from *pewH-.


laura

la-noun

laura f (genitive laurae); first declension

laurae (genitive)
laura (nominative singular)
laurae (nominative plural)
laurae (genitive singular)
laurārum (genitive plural)
laurae (dative singular)
laurīs (dative plural)
lauram (accusative singular)
laurās (accusative plural)
laurā (ablative singular)
laurīs (ablative plural)
laura (singular vocative)
laurae (plural vocative)

→ English: laura

→ Italian: laura

→ Sicilian: laura


ecclesiola

ecclēsiola f (genitive ecclēsiolae); first declension

ecclēsiola (canonical feminine)
ecclēsiolae (genitive)
ecclēsiola (nominative singular)
ecclēsiolae (nominative plural)
ecclēsiolae (genitive singular)
ecclēsiolārum (genitive plural)
ecclēsiolae (dative singular)
ecclēsiolīs (dative plural)
ecclēsiolam (accusative singular)
ecclēsiolās (accusative plural)
ecclēsiolā (ablative singular)
ecclēsiolīs (ablative plural)
ecclēsiola (singular vocative)
ecclēsiolae (plural vocative)

Galician: Grixó, Grixoa, Irixoa (place names).

Portuguese: grijó, grejó

Diminutive of ecclēsia (“assembly, gathering”)

Note: Used in the Christian Pietism movements of the 17th and 18th Centuries. eg, "Ecclesiolae in Ecclesia", little churches in the big church.


sphincter

sphinctēr m (genitive sphinctēris); third declension

sphinctēr (canonical masculine)
sphinctēris (genitive)
sphinctēr (nominative singular)
sphinctērēs (nominative plural)
sphinctēris (genitive singular)
sphinctērum (genitive plural)
sphinctērī (dative singular)
sphinctēribus (dative plural)
sphinctērem (accusative singular)
sphinctērēs (accusative plural)
sphinctēre (ablative singular)
sphinctēribus (ablative plural)
sphinctēr (singular vocative)
sphinctērēs (plural vocative)

→ English: sphincter

→ French: sphincter

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σφῐγκτήρ (sphĭnktḗr, “lace, band; contractile muscle”), from σφῐ́γγω (sphĭ́ngō, “to bind tight or fast”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, “-er, -or”, nominal suffix).

af

(anatomy) The sphincter, the muscle of the anus.


gravamen

la-noun

gravāmen n (genitive gravāminis); third declension

gravāmen (canonical neuter)
gravāminis (genitive)
gravāmen (nominative singular)
gravāmina (nominative plural)
gravāminis (genitive singular)
gravāminum (genitive plural)
gravāminī (dative singular)
gravāminibus (dative plural)
gravāmen (accusative singular)
gravāmina (accusative plural)
gravāmine (ablative singular)
gravāminibus (ablative plural)
gravāmen (singular vocative)
gravāmina (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: gravamen

→ English: gravamen

→ Spanish: gravamen

(financially) imposition, financial burden


lepra

lepra f (genitive leprae); first declension

leprae (genitive)
lepra (nominative singular)
leprae (nominative plural)
leprae (genitive singular)
leprārum (genitive plural)
leprae (dative singular)
leprīs (dative plural)
lepram (accusative singular)
leprās (accusative plural)
leprā (ablative singular)
leprīs (ablative plural)
lepra (singular vocative)
leprae (plural vocative)

Catalan: lepra

English: lepra

Galician: lepra

Italian: lebbra

Occitan: lepra

Portuguese: lepra

Russian: лепра (lepra)

Spanish: lepra

From Koine Greek λέπρα (lépra, “psoriasis & similar skin diseases”).


nenia

la-noun

nēnia f (genitive nēniae); first declension

nēnia (canonical feminine)
nēniae (genitive)
nēnia (nominative singular)
nēniae (nominative plural)
nēniae (genitive singular)
nēniārum (genitive plural)
nēniae (dative singular)
nēniīs (dative plural)
nēniam (accusative singular)
nēniās (accusative plural)
nēniā (ablative singular)
nēniīs (ablative plural)
nēnia (singular vocative)
nēniae (plural vocative)
naenia (alternative)

→ English: nenia

→ French: nénie

→ German: Nänie

→ Italian: nenia

→ Portuguese: nénia, nênia (Brazil)

→ Romanian: nenie

→ Spanish: nenia

Perhaps from Ancient Greek νηνία (nēnía).

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) a complaint, criticism


comparator

comparātor m (genitive comparātōris); third declension

comparātor (canonical masculine)
comparātōris (genitive)
comparātor (nominative singular)
comparātōrēs (nominative plural)
comparātōris (genitive singular)
comparātōrum (genitive plural)
comparātōrī (dative singular)
comparātōribus (dative plural)
comparātōrem (accusative singular)
comparātōrēs (accusative plural)
comparātōre (ablative singular)
comparātōribus (ablative plural)
comparātor (singular vocative)
comparātōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: comprador

Italian: compratore

Occitan: crompador

Portuguese: comprador

Romanian: comparator, cumpărător

Spanish: comprador


amma

amma f (genitive ammae); first declension

ammae (genitive)
amma (nominative singular)
ammae (nominative plural)
ammae (genitive singular)
ammārum (genitive plural)
ammae (dative singular)
ammīs (dative plural)
ammam (accusative singular)
ammās (accusative plural)
ammā (ablative singular)
ammīs (ablative plural)
amma (singular vocative)
ammae (plural vocative)

From Classical Syriac ܐܸܡܵܐ (ʾemmā, “mother, abbess”) via Koine Greek ἀμμᾶς (ammâs), ἀμμὰ (ammà), perhaps reinforced by Etymology 1.

der

Coordinate term: abba

Vita Ammae Talidae

amma; a spiritual mother or abbess in early monasticism, a Desert Mother


indicator

la-noun

indicātor m (genitive indicātōris); third declension

indicātor (canonical masculine)
indicātōris (genitive)
indicātor (nominative singular)
indicātōrēs (nominative plural)
indicātōris (genitive singular)
indicātōrum (genitive plural)
indicātōrī (dative singular)
indicātōribus (dative plural)
indicātōrem (accusative singular)
indicātōrēs (accusative plural)
indicātōre (ablative singular)
indicātōribus (ablative plural)
indicātor (singular vocative)
indicātōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: indicador

→ English: indicator

→ French: indicateur

→ Galician: indicador

→ Italian: indicatore

→ Portuguese: indicador

→ Romanian: indicator

→ Russian: индика́тор (indikátor)

→ Spanish: indicador

From indicō (“point out, indicate, show”) + -tor, from in (“in, at, on; into”) + dicō (“indicate; dedicate; set apart”).