acetabulum

la-noun

acētābulum n (genitive acētābulī); second declension

acētābulum (canonical neuter)
acētābulī (genitive)
acētābulum (nominative singular)
acētābula (nominative plural)
acētābulī (genitive singular)
acētābulōrum (genitive plural)
acētābulō (dative singular)
acētābulīs (dative plural)
acētābulum (accusative singular)
acētābula (accusative plural)
acētābulō (ablative singular)
acētābulīs (ablative plural)
acētābulum (singular vocative)
acētābula (plural vocative)
acetabulus (alternative)

→ Catalan: acetàbul

→ English: acetabulum

→ Esperanto: acetabulo

→ French: acétabule, acétabulum

Italian: acetabolo

→ Portuguese: acetábulo

→ Romanian: acetabul

→ Russian: ацетабул (acetabul)

→ Spanish: acetábulo

From acētum (“vinegar”) + -bulum (“a vessel for”).

suffix

saucer, any similarly sized and shaped dish

(historical) acetabulum, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 66 mL

congius (48 acetabula) urna (192 acetabula)

(anatomy) acetabulum, the hipbone socket

(zootomy) acetabulum, the suckers or cavities in the arms of polypi

(botany) acetabulum, the cup of a flower


libra

la-noun

lībra f (genitive lībrae); first declension

lībra (canonical feminine)
lībrae (genitive)
lībra (nominative singular)
lībrae (nominative plural)
lībrae (genitive singular)
lībrārum (genitive plural)
lībrae (dative singular)
lībrīs (dative plural)
lībram (accusative singular)
lībrās (accusative plural)
lībrā (ablative singular)
lībrīs (ablative plural)
lībra (singular vocative)
lībrae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: libra, libbra, lira

→ Catalan: lira

→ Czech: lira

→ Danish: lire

→ Faroese: liri

→ English: lira

→ Finnish: liira

→ German: Lira

→ Galician: lira

→ Maori: rira

→ Malay: lira

→ Maltese: lira

→ Norwegian: lira

→ Portuguese: lira

→ Serbo-Croatian: lira

→ Spanish: lira

→ Turkish: lira

Gallo-Italic:

Piedmontese: livra

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: lliura

Old French: livre m

Middle French: livre

French: livre

Louisiana Creole: liv

→ English: livre

→ Romanian: livră

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: libra

Portuguese: libra

Spanish: libra

→ Tagalog: libra

Of uncertain origin. The word's original form was something like Proto-Italic *līðrā, *leiðrā (“pound”), surviving also in Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra), whence English liter.
Weiss derives the term from Proto-Indo-European *leyH- (“to pour”) suffixed with the instrumental/resultative suffix *-dʰrom, under the assumption that the term originally meant "pouring (of metal)" before evolving to mean a unit of weight. In this case, then cognate with Proto-Slavic *lìti (“to pour”), Proto-Celtic *liyeti (“to flow”), Ancient Greek λείβω (leíbō, “to pour”), Lithuanian li̇́eti (“to let flow”).

(historical) libra, Roman pound, a Roman unit of mass, equivalent to about 327 g

level, a tool used to check surfaces for horizontal and vertical alignment

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) pound, any of various units of mass derived from or roughly equivalent to the Roman libra

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) pound, any of various currencies derived from the use of pound as a weight in silver


lingua

lingua f (genitive linguae); first declension

linguae (genitive)
lingua (nominative singular)
linguae (nominative plural)
linguae (genitive singular)
linguārum (genitive plural)
linguae (dative singular)
linguīs (dative plural)
linguam (accusative singular)
linguās (accusative plural)
linguā (ablative singular)
linguīs (ablative plural)
lingua (singular vocative)
linguae (plural vocative)
dingua (alternative pre-Classical)

Balkano-Romance:

Aromanian: limbã

Istro-Romanian: limbĕ

Megleno-Romanian: limbă

Romanian: limbă

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: lingua

Dalmatian: langa, luanga

Istriot: lèngua, lengua, laèngua

desctree

Italian: lingua, lengua
→ Greek: λίγκα (lígka)
→ Maltese: lingwa
→? Sabir: lingua

⇒ Italian: linguine (see there for further descendants)

Neapolitan: lengua, lenga

Sicilian: lingua

desc

Venetan: łéngua, łéngoa, léngoa, lengoa, léngua

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: lenghe

Ladin: lënga

Romansch: lieunga, lengua, glianga, laungia, leua

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: längua

Ligurian: lengua

Lombard: lengua

Piedmontese: lenga

Romagnol: lèngva

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: lengoua

desctree

Old French: langue, lingue, lengue
Middle French: langue
French: langue (see there for further descendants)
Champenois: laingue
Franc-Comtois: landye
Norman: laungue
Picard: lingue
Poitevin-Saintongeais: lengue
Walloon: linwe

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: lengua

Catalan: llengua

Old Occitan: lengua, lenga
Occitan: lenga
Gascon: lengua
Limousin: linga
Provençal: lengo, lenguo

Ibero-Romance:

desc

Aragonese: luenga (with metathesis of /w/)

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: lingua, lengoa, lengua, lingoa
Fala: lengua
Galician: lingua
Portuguese: língua (see there for further descendants)

Old Leonese:

desc

Asturian: llingua, llengua, lluengua (Eastern Asturias), ḷḷingua, ḷḷuinga (Ayer), chingua (Valdés), chengua (Valdés), yuönga (Cabrales)

Extremaduran: luenga

Leonese: llingua

Mirandese: lhéngua

Old Spanish: lengua

Ladino: לינגוה / lengua, lingua

desctree

Spanish: lengua
Chavacano: lengua
Papiamentu: lenga

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: limba (Logudorese), lingua (Campidanese)

Borrowings:

→ English: lingua

→ Esperanto: lingvo

From older dingua (attested as a rare word in Gaius Marius Victorinus), from Proto-Italic *denɣwā, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s. The change of d- to l- is variously explained by a borrowing from another Italic language with such a shift and/or by a folk-etymological association with the verb lingō (“to lick”); compare Old Armenian լեզու (lezu) and Lithuanian liežùvis for the latter process. Other cognates include German Zunge and English tongue.

Lingua herba nascitur circa fontes.

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 24.170

The plant called "tongue" grows around springs.

(transferred sense)
tongue-shaped things:
Ranunculus lingua (a flowering plant)


kilogramma

la-noun

kilogramma n (genitive kilogrammatis); third declension

kilogrammatis (genitive)
kilogramma (nominative singular)
kilogrammata (nominative plural)
kilogrammatis (genitive singular)
kilogrammatum (genitive plural)
kilogrammatī (dative singular)
kilogrammatibus (dative plural)
kilogramma (accusative singular)
kilogrammata (accusative plural)
kilogrammate (ablative singular)
kilogrammatibus (ablative plural)
kilogramma (singular vocative)
kilogrammata (plural vocative)
chīliogramma (alternative)

From French kilogramme, itself a Classicalizing compound from Ancient Greek χῑλιάς (khīliás, “thousand”) and Ancient Greek γράμμα (grámma, “scruple, gram”)


charrus

la-noun

charrus m (genitive charrī); second declension

charrī (genitive)
charrus (nominative singular)
charrī (nominative plural)
charrī (genitive singular)
charrōrum (genitive plural)
charrō (dative singular)
charrīs (dative plural)
charrum (accusative singular)
charrōs (accusative plural)
charrō (ablative singular)
charrīs (ablative plural)
charre (singular vocative)
charrī (plural vocative)

alternative form of carrus (“English unit of weight”)


stadium

stadium n (genitive stadiī or stadī); second declension

stadiī (genitive)
stadī (genitive)
stadium (nominative singular)
stadia (nominative plural)
stadiī (genitive singular)
stadī (genitive singular)
stadiōrum (genitive plural)
stadiō (dative singular)
stadiīs (dative plural)
stadium (accusative singular)
stadia (accusative plural)
stadiō (ablative singular)
stadiīs (ablative plural)
stadium (singular vocative)
stadia (plural vocative)

From the Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion).


ulna

ulna f (genitive ulnae); first declension

ulnae (genitive)
ulna (nominative singular)
ulnae (nominative plural)
ulnae (genitive singular)
ulnārum (genitive plural)
ulnae (dative singular)
ulnīs (dative plural)
ulnam (accusative singular)
ulnās (accusative plural)
ulnā (ablative singular)
ulnīs (ablative plural)
ulna (singular vocative)
ulnae (plural vocative)

→? Proto-Albanian: *ulnā

→ Catalan: ulna (learned)

→ English: ulna

→ Galician: ulna (learned)

→ Italian: ulna (learned)

→ Portuguese: ulna (learned)

→ Spanish: ulna (learned)

From Proto-Italic *olenā, presumably from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l(e)n-, from the root *Heh₃l- (“to bend”), although this reconstruction remains uncertain. Related to Old Armenian ուլն (uln, “neck”), Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 (aleina, “cubit”), Old Church Slavonic ланита (lanita, “cheek”), Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē, “elbow”), Sanskrit अणि (aṇi, “the point of a needle”), Albanian llërë (“upper arm”), Welsh elin (“forearm; elbow”).


mille

mīlle (canonical neuter)
mīlle (nominative singular)
mīlia (nominative plural)
mīllia (nominative plural)
mīlle (genitive singular)
mīlium (genitive plural)
mīllium (genitive plural)
mīlle (dative singular)
mīlibus (dative plural)
mīllibus (dative plural)
mīlle (accusative singular)
mīlia (accusative plural)
mīllia (accusative plural)
mīlle (ablative singular)
mīlibus (ablative plural)
mīllibus (ablative plural)
mīlle (singular vocative)
mīlia (plural vocative)
mīllia (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: migliu

Italian: miglia, miglio (back-formation)

Gallo-Romance:

French: mille

Norman: mille

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: miza

Iberian-Romance:

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: milha
Galician: milla
Portuguese: milha

Borrowings:

desc

→ Ancient Greek: μίλιον (mílion), μείλιον (meílion), μίλιν (mílin)

Greek: μίλι (míli)

→ Hebrew: מַיְל (mayl)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: մղոն (młon), միլոն (milon), մողոն (mołon)
→ Armenian: մղոն (młon) (learned)

desc

→ Aramaic: [script needed] (mīlā), [script needed] (mīl)

Classical Syriac: ܡܝܠܐ (mīlā), ܡܝܠ (mīl)

→ Arabic: ميل (mīl)

→ Middle Armenian: միլ (mil)

→ Ottoman Turkish: مِیل (mīl)

Turkish: mil

→ Persian: میل (mil)

desctree

→ Old Irish: míle
Middle Irish: míle
Irish: míle
Manx: milley
Scottish Gaelic: mìle

→ Catalan: milla

→ Spanish: milla

Shortened from Latin mīlle passūs, mīlle passuum (“Roman mile”, literally “a thousand of paces”).

a mile, particularly a Roman mile of 8 stades (stadia); 1,000 paces (passūs); or 5,000 feet (pedes)


urna

la-noun

urna f (genitive urnae); first declension

urnae (genitive)
urna (nominative singular)
urnae (nominative plural)
urnae (genitive singular)
urnārum (genitive plural)
urnae (dative singular)
urnīs (dative plural)
urnam (accusative singular)
urnās (accusative plural)
urnā (ablative singular)
urnīs (ablative plural)
urna (singular vocative)
urnae (plural vocative)

Asturian: urna

Catalan: urna

English: urn, urna

Esperanto: urno

French: urne

Galician: urna

Georgian: ურნა (urna)

German: Urne

Italian: urna

Norwegian: urne (Bokmål), urne (Nynorsk)

Portuguese: urna

Romanian: urnă

Russian: у́рна (úrna)

Spanish: urna

Probably from *urc-na, with simplification of the cluster. Ernout and Meillet view this word, urceus, orca and Greek ὕρχη (húrkhē) (other words for vessels) as all related somehow via borrowing (with the exact source and pathway unclear). Bennett 1907 indicates that the length of the vowel in the first syllable is not established, noting that the Italian descendant could be a learned form, and hypothesizes that the word is derived from a weak grade of the root arc-, presumably referring to the root found in arceō, arca, and arx, which is now reconstructed as *h₂erk-. However, Schrijver 1991 argues that word-initial *HRC- normally has a reflex of aRC in Latin (as in argentum from *h₂r̥ǵn̥to-), which would exclude Bennett's favored etymology.
By an alternative derivation, from ūrō (“burn, singe”) in reference to the firing of the clay in their creation.

(chiefly historical) ballot box, particularly the urns used in gathering Roman ballots under the Republic


jarra

jarra f (genitive jarrae); first declension

jarrae (genitive)
jarra (nominative singular)
jarrae (nominative plural)
jarrae (genitive singular)
jarrārum (genitive plural)
jarrae (dative singular)
jarrīs (dative plural)
jarram (accusative singular)
jarrās (accusative plural)
jarrā (ablative singular)
jarrīs (ablative plural)
jarra (singular vocative)
jarrae (plural vocative)
jarrus (alternative)
jarrum (alternative)

From Arabic جَرَّة (jarra). Widely loaned into Romance languages; compare Old French jare (modern French jarre), Italian giara, Spanish jarra.

(Medieval Latin) a liquid measure based on the size of a jar


uncia

ū̆ncia f (genitive ū̆nciae); first declension

ū̆ncia (canonical feminine)
ū̆nciae (genitive)
ū̆ncia (nominative singular)
ū̆nciae (nominative plural)
ū̆nciae (genitive singular)
ū̆nciārum (genitive plural)
ū̆nciae (dative singular)
ū̆nciīs (dative plural)
ū̆nciam (accusative singular)
ū̆nciās (accusative plural)
ū̆nciā (ablative singular)
ū̆nciīs (ablative plural)
ū̆ncia (singular vocative)
ū̆nciae (plural vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian:

Italian: uncia (archaic), oncia

Sicilian: unza

Venetan: onsa, onza, onzha, onça

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: once

Romansch: onza, untscha, unza, uonscha

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Old French: unce

Middle French: once, unce

French: once

→ Middle English: unce, ounce

English: ounce

→ Irish: unsa

Norman: onche

desc

→ Middle Armenian: ունծայ (uncay) (or from another medieval European language)

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: unça

Occitan: onça

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: onza

Portuguese: onça

Spanish: onza

→ Ancient Greek: οὐγγία (oungía), οὐγκία (ounkía), ὀγκία (onkía)

Greek: ουγγιά (oungiá), ουγκιά (ougkiá)

→ Aramaic:

Classical Syriac: ܐܘܢܩܝܐ (ʾūnqīyā), ܢܘܩܝܐ (nūqyā)

→ Arabic: أوقية (ʔūqiyya) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Armenian: նուկի (nuki)

Armenian: նուկի (nuki)

→ Old Armenian: ունկի (unki)

→ Georgian: უნკი (unḳi)

→ English: uncia

→ Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌺𐌾𐌰 (unkja)

→ Old Irish: ungae (see there for further descendants)

→ Polish: uncja

→ Portuguese: úncia

→ Proto-West Germanic: *unciju (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: uncie

→ Russian: у́нция (úncija) (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: uncia

Building upon Varro, most modern Latinists derive this word from ūnicus (“unique”) + -ia, itself from ūnus (“one”) (from Proto-Indo-European *óynos) in the sense of twelfths making up the base unit of various ancient systems of measurement.
Following Heron of Alexandria, Weiss instead postulates a borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀγκία (onkía, “uncia”), from ὄγκος (ónkos, “weight”); he considers the loss of medial /i/ necessitated by the traditional etymology unproblematic but the derivation from "unique" semantically implausible.

ounce, similar units in other measurement systems


amphora

la-noun

amphora f (genitive amphorae); first declension

amphorae (genitive)
amphora (nominative singular)
amphorae (nominative plural)
amphorae (genitive singular)
amphorum (genitive plural)
amphorārum (genitive plural)
amphorae (dative singular)
amphorīs (dative plural)
amphoram (accusative singular)
amphorās (accusative plural)
amphorā (ablative singular)
amphorīs (ablative plural)
amphora (singular vocative)
amphorae (plural vocative)
amfora (alternative)
ampora (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)

Catalan: àmfora

French: amphore

Galician: ánfora

Italian: anfora

Portuguese: ânfora

Spanish: ánfora

→ English: amphor

→ German: Amphore

→? Proto-West Germanic: *ambrī (see there for further descendants)

From Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús, “two-handled pitcher, units of liquid measure”). As a Roman unit, originally an elision of amphora quadrantal.

bor

(chiefly historical) amphora, a large vessel, especially one made of clay with two handles used for storing and transporting wine and oil


palma

la-noun

palma f (genitive palmae); first declension

palmae (genitive)
palma (nominative singular)
palmae (nominative plural)
palmae (genitive singular)
palmārum (genitive plural)
palmae (dative singular)
palmīs (dative plural)
palmam (accusative singular)
palmās (accusative plural)
palmā (ablative singular)
palmīs (ablative plural)
palma (singular vocative)
palmae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: palmã

Megleno-Romanian: palmă

Romanian: palmă

Gallo-Italic

Piedmontese: palma

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: palma

Dalmatian: puolma

Italian: palma

→ Maltese: palm

Sicilian: parma, pamma

Occitano-Romance

Catalan: palma, palmell

Occitan: palma, pauma

desctree

Old French: paume, palme, pasme, paulme
Middle French: paulme
French: paume
Norman: paûmé

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: palme

Sardinian: palma, parma, prama

Venetan: palma

West Iberian

Asturian: palma

Old Galician-Portuguese: palma

Galician: palma

Portuguese: palma
→ English: palma

Spanish: palma
→ English: palma

Borrowings

→ Azerbaijani: palma

→ Belarusian: пальма (palʹma)

→ Bulgarian: палма (palma)

→ Czech: palm

→ Estonian: palm

→ Georgian: პალმა (ṗalma)

→ Hungarian: pálma

→ Lao: ປາມ (pām)

→ Latvian: palm

→ Lithuanian: palmė

→ Macedonian: палма (palma)

→ Malayalam: പം (paṁ)

→ Old Dutch: palma

Middle Dutch: palme

Dutch: palm
→ Caribbean Javanese: palem
→ Indonesian: palem

→ Old English: palm (“palm tree”) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old French: palme

French: palme
→ Romanian: palm

Norman: palme

→ Middle Dutch: palme

Dutch: palm

→ Old High German: palm m, palma f
Middle High German: palme, balme
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Palme, Pallem
German: Palme

→ Old Norse: palmi

Faroese: pálmi

Icelandic: pálmi

Danish: palme

Norwegian Bokmål: palme

Norwegian Nynorsk: palme

Old Swedish: palma

Swedish: palm
→ Finnish: palmu

→ Polish: palma

→ Russian: пальма (palʹma) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian: palma, палма

→ Slovak: palma

→ Slovene: palma

→ Turkish: palmiye

→ Turkmen: palma

→ Ukrainian: пальма (palʹma)

→ Uyghur: پالما (palma)

→ Uzbek: palma

→ Proto-Brythonic: *palβ̃

Cornish: palv

Middle Welsh: palyf

→ Welsh: palf

From Proto-Italic *palamā, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂, from *pleh₂- (“flat”). Cognate with Ancient Greek παλάμη (palámē), Old Irish lám, Old English folm, and Albanian shpall.


carrus

la-noun

carrus m (genitive carrī); second declension

carrī (genitive)
carrus (nominative singular)
carrī (nominative plural)
carrī (genitive singular)
carrōrum (genitive plural)
carrō (dative singular)
carrīs (dative plural)
carrum (accusative singular)
carrōs (accusative plural)
carrō (ablative singular)
carrīs (ablative plural)
carre (singular vocative)
carrī (plural vocative)
carrum (alternative)
charrus (alternative)

→ Albanian: *karr

Albanian: qerre

Albanian: kerr

→ Ancient Greek: κάρρον (kárrhon)

Aromanian: car

Asturian: carru

Catalan: carro

Dalmatian: carrus

→ Czech: kára

→ Dutch: kar

Friulian: cjâr, cjar

→ German: Karre

Italian: carro

Occitan: car, carri, carro

desctree

→ Old Armenian: կառք (kaṙkʻ), կառ (kaṙ) — uncommon, singular
→ Armenian: կառք (kaṙkʻ)

Old French: char

French: char

Old French: carre
→ Middle English: carre, car, kerre
English: car (see there for further descendants)
Scots: car
Yola: car

Old Galician-Portuguese: carro
Fala: carru
Galician: carro
Portuguese: carro

Old Spanish: carro
Spanish: carro
→ Cebuano: karo
→ Tagalog: karo

→ Polish: kareta, karoca

→ Russian: карета (kareta)

Romagnol: car

Romanian: car, încărca

Sardinian: carru

Sicilian: carru

Venetan: car, caro, caret

→ Old Norse: kerra f
Icelandic: kerra
Faroese: kerra
Norwegian Nynorsk: kjerre; (dialectal) kjerra, kjørr, kjarra
Norwegian Bokmål: kjerre
Swedish: kärra
Danish: kærre

Borrowed from Gaulish *karros, from Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós, zero-grade form of *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of currus.

Saccus lane debet ponderare viginti & octo petras & solebat ponderare unam summam frumenti & ponderat sextam partem unius carri de plumbo

c. 1300, Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris:

The sack of wool ought to weigh twenty & eight stone & is accustomed to weigh one quarter of wheat & weights the sixth part of one cartload of lead.

(Medieval Latin) a load, an English unit of weight


iugum

la-noun

iugum n (genitive iugī); second declension

iugī (genitive)
iugum (nominative singular)
iuga (nominative plural)
iugī (genitive singular)
iugōrum (genitive plural)
iugō (dative singular)
iugīs (dative plural)
iugum (accusative singular)
iuga (accusative plural)
iugō (ablative singular)
iugīs (ablative plural)
iugum (singular vocative)
iuga (plural vocative)
jugum (alternative obsolete)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: giug

Romanian: jug

Dalmatian:

zaug

Italo-Romance:

Italian: giogo

→ Sicilian: giugu

Neapolitan: jugo

Sicilian: jugu, juvu

North Italian:

Emilian: zu, zof, zov

Friulian: jôf, jôv

Ligurian: zôvo

Lombard: zof, xof, giov

Piedmontese: giou, gio, xof, xovo

Romagnol: zof, zov, zouf

Romansch: giuf

desc

Venetan: dóvo, dógo, dóo, zóo, dhovo, dóf

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: jog

Old French: jug, jou, jof

French: joug

Walloon: djeu

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: chuvo

Catalan: jou, jeu, jova

Occitan: jo, joc

Gascon: jun

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: yugo

Asturian: xugu

Galician: xugo

Portuguese: jugo

Spanish: yugo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: giú, giubu, giuu, giuvu, yuu

Borrowings:

→ English: jugum

Esperanto: jugo

Tashelhit: tayuga

From Proto-Italic *jugom, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”) + *-óm. Cognate with Sanskrit युग (yuga), Ancient Greek ζῠγόν (zŭgón), and Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐌺 (juk). Equivalent to a substantivization of the adjective iugus (“belonging together”).

(transferred sense)
in Kent, a yoke of land, quarter sulung


cyathus

la-noun

cyathus m (genitive cyathī); second declension

cyathī (genitive)
cyathus (nominative singular)
cyathī (nominative plural)
cyathī (genitive singular)
cyathōrum (genitive plural)
cyathō (dative singular)
cyathīs (dative plural)
cyathum (accusative singular)
cyathōs (accusative plural)
cyathō (ablative singular)
cyathīs (ablative plural)
cyathe (singular vocative)
cyathī (plural vocative)

→ English: cyathus

→ Translingual: Cyathus

From Ancient Greek κύαθος (kúathos, “ladle”).

kyathos, a small wine ladle and serving beaker in ancient Greece and Rome


metrum

metrum n (genitive metrī); second declension

metrī (genitive)
metrum (nominative singular)
metra (nominative plural)
metrī (genitive singular)
metrōrum (genitive plural)
metrō (dative singular)
metrīs (dative plural)
metrum (accusative singular)
metra (accusative plural)
metrō (ablative singular)
metrīs (ablative plural)
metrum (singular vocative)
metra (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: metrum

→ Indonesian: metrum

→ French: mètre (see there for further descendants)

→ German: Metrum

→ Luxembourgish: Metrum

→ Old Irish: metar

desctree

Irish: meadar
→ English: mether, medar, meather, madder
→ Fingallian: meddar

→ Italian: metro

→ Polish: metrum

Spanish: miedro

From the Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, “measure”).

der

(New Latin) a meter (unit of measurement)


actus

la-noun

āctus m (genitive āctūs); fourth declension

āctus (canonical masculine)
āctūs (genitive)
āctus (nominative singular)
āctūs (nominative plural)
āctūs (genitive singular)
āctuum (genitive plural)
āctuī (dative singular)
āctibus (dative plural)
āctum (accusative singular)
āctūs (accusative plural)
āctū (ablative singular)
āctibus (ablative plural)
āctus (singular vocative)
āctūs (plural vocative)

→ Aragonese: acto

→ Asturian: actu

→ Catalan: acte

Corsican: attu

→ French: acte

→ Romanian: act

Friulian: at

→ Galician: acto

desctree

→ German: Akt
→ Norwegian Bokmål: akt
→ Polish: akt (semantic loan)

→ Middle Irish: acht

Irish: acht

Manx: aght

Scottish Gaelic: achd

Italian: atto

Neapolitan: atto

→ Norwegian Bokmål: akt

→ Occitan: acte

→ Old French: acte

→ English: act

Old Galician-Portuguese: auto

Portuguese: auto

Galician: auto

→ Portuguese: ato

→ Romansch: act

→ Russian: акт m (akt)

Sardinian: atu, attu

Sicilian: attu

Spanish: auto

→ Spanish: acto

→ Swedish: akt

Venetan: ato

From agō (“I do, make, drive”) + -tus (suffix forming fourth declension action nouns from verbs).

suffix

(historical units of measure) actus (a former Roman unit of length equal to 120 Roman feet (about 35.5 m))

(historical units of measure) actus (a former Roman unit of area equivalent to a square with sides of 1 actus (about 0.125 ha))


situla

la-noun

situla f (genitive situlae); first declension

situlae (genitive)
situla (nominative singular)
situlae (nominative plural)
situlae (genitive singular)
situlārum (genitive plural)
situlae (dative singular)
situlīs (dative plural)
situlam (accusative singular)
situlās (accusative plural)
situlā (ablative singular)
situlīs (ablative plural)
situla (singular vocative)
situlae (plural vocative)
situlus (alternative Classical-Latin)
siclus (alternative Late-Latin)
situlum (alternative Medieval-Latin)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: secchia

North Italian:

Friulian: segle

Ladin: segla, sedla

Ligurian: séggia

Piedmontese: sia, sija, segia, sigia ⇒ sigèla, sigilin

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: sèlye

French: seille (regional)

Occitan: selha

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: sella

Portuguese: selha

Borrowings:

→? Albanian: shek

→ Byzantine Greek: σίτλα (sítla) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: situla

→ French: situle

→ Italian: situla

→ Portuguese: sítula

→ Romanian: situlă

→ Spanish: sítula

Dalmatian:

sidlo

→ Serbo-Croatian: си̏дло, sȉdlo

Italo-Romance:

Italian: secchio

Neapolitan: sicchio, secchio, sicchiu

Sicilian: sicchiu

North Italian:

⇒ Piedmontese: sion

desctree

Venetan: sécio
→ Serbo-Croatian: си̏ћ, sȉć

Gallo-Romance:

Gascon: selh (Béarnais)

Poitevin-Saintongeais: seil

Borrowings:

→? Middle High German: sīdel

German: Seidel

Czech: žejdlík

Possibly from the same Proto-Indo-European root common to Lithuanian si̇́etas (“sieve”) and Middle Irish sithlad (“the act of sieving”).

cog

a bucket or pail, especially one used to draw water from a well

(Ecclesiastical Latin) a vessel for holding holy water

a vessel used to hold water
a vessel for holding holy water

(Medieval Latin) a measure of capacity for liquids

a vessel used to hold water
a measure of capacity for liquids

a voting urn (for drawing lots or holding voting tablets); loosely, a ballot box

a basin, jar, urn, vel sim. on a monument


cotyle

la-noun

cotylē f (genitive cotylēs); first declension

cotylē (canonical feminine)
cotylēs (genitive)
cotylē (nominative singular)
cotylae (nominative plural)
cotylēs (genitive singular)
cotylārum (genitive plural)
cotylae (dative singular)
cotylīs (dative plural)
cotylēn (accusative singular)
cotylās (accusative plural)
cotylē (ablative singular)
cotylīs (ablative plural)
cotylē (singular vocative)
cotylae (plural vocative)

English: cotyle

From Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup, half-pint”).


metreta

la-noun

metrēta f (genitive metrētae); first declension

metrēta (canonical feminine)
metrētae (genitive)
metrēta (nominative singular)
metrētae (nominative plural)
metrētae (genitive singular)
metrētārum (genitive plural)
metrētae (dative singular)
metrētīs (dative plural)
metrētam (accusative singular)
metrētās (accusative plural)
metrētā (ablative singular)
metrētīs (ablative plural)
metrēta (singular vocative)
metrētae (plural vocative)


lingula

lingula f (genitive lingulae); first declension

lingulae (genitive)
lingula (nominative singular)
lingulae (nominative plural)
lingulae (genitive singular)
lingulārum (genitive plural)
lingulae (dative singular)
lingulīs (dative plural)
lingulam (accusative singular)
lingulās (accusative plural)
lingulā (ablative singular)
lingulīs (ablative plural)
lingula (singular vocative)
lingulae (plural vocative)
ligula (alternative)

Aromanian: lingurã

Romanian: lingură

→ English: lingula

→ Italian: lingula

[ˈlɪŋ.ɡʊ.ɫa]

From lingua (“tongue”) + -ula (“-ule: forming diminutives”), possibly influenced by lingō (“I lick”).

suffix

diminutive of lingua, tongue, tonguelet, used particularly for

lower arm, the shorter end of a lever, opposite the fulcrum from the user


congius

la-noun

congius m (genitive congiī or congī); second declension

congiī (genitive)
congī (genitive)
congius (nominative singular)
congiī (nominative plural)
congiī (genitive singular)
congī (genitive singular)
congiōrum (genitive plural)
congiō (dative singular)
congiīs (dative plural)
congium (accusative singular)
congiōs (accusative plural)
congiō (ablative singular)
congiīs (ablative plural)
congie (singular vocative)
congiī (plural vocative)

English: congius

French: conge

→ Ancient Greek: κόγγιον (kóngion)

Italian: cogno, congio

Portuguese: côngio

Spanish: congio

From Ancient Greek κογχίον (konkhíon), from κόγχη (kónkhē) and κόγχος (kónkhos, “mussel shell”) + -ίον (-íon, “-y: forming diminutives”).

(historical) congius, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 3.3 L

(historical) congius, a Roman unit of mass equivalent to about 3.3 kg, the weight of a congius of water


batus

batus m (genitive batī); second declension

From Ancient Greek βάτος (bátos), from Biblical Hebrew בַּת (bath).

a Hebrew measure for liquids containing about nine gallons.


scrupulus

scrūpulus m (genitive scrūpulī); second declension

scrūpulus (canonical masculine)
scrūpulī (genitive)
scrūpulus (nominative singular)
scrūpulī (nominative plural)
scrūpulī (genitive singular)
scrūpulōrum (genitive plural)
scrūpulō (dative singular)
scrūpulīs (dative plural)
scrūpulum (accusative singular)
scrūpulōs (accusative plural)
scrūpulō (ablative singular)
scrūpulīs (ablative plural)
scrūpule (singular vocative)
scrūpulī (plural vocative)
scrūpulum (alternative)
scrīpulum (alternative)
scrīptulum (alternative)
scrīptlum (alternative)

→ Old French: scrupule

French: scrupule

→ English: scruple

→ Classical Gaelic: scrupul

Irish: scrupall

→ German: Skrupel

→ Italian: scrupolo

→ Portuguese: escrópulo, escrúpulo

→ Polish: skrupuł

→ Russian: скрупул (skrupul)

→ Sicilian: scrùpulu

→ Spanish: escrúpulo

Diminutive from scrūpus (“rough or sharp stone; anxiety”) + -ulus.

suffix

(figuratively) Anxiety, uneasiness, solicitude, difficulty, doubt, scruple.


modius

la-noun

modius m (genitive modiī or modī); second declension

modiī (genitive)
modī (genitive)
modius (nominative singular)
modiī (nominative plural)
modiī (genitive singular)
modī (genitive singular)
modiōrum (genitive plural)
modiō (dative singular)
modiīs (dative plural)
modium (accusative singular)
modiōs (accusative plural)
modiō (ablative singular)
modiīs (ablative plural)
modie (singular vocative)
modiī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: moggio, mozzo

→ Sardinian: moggiu

Padanian:

Lombard: meugg

Piedmontese: meuj ⇒ armeuj, mojiss

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Bourguignon: meud

Old French: moi, mui

French: muid

→ English: muid

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: muig

Occitan: muèg, mueg

Gascon: moi, muei

Languedocien: muòg

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: moio

Portuguese: moio

Spanish: moyo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: moju

Sicilian: moju

Borrowings:

→ Ancient Greek: μόδιος (módios)

→ English: modius

→ Italian: modio

→ Middle Dutch: mudde

Dutch: mud

→ Old English: mydd

→ Old Georgian: მოდი (modi)

→ Old High German: mutti

Middle High German: mutte, mütte

German: Mutt, Mütt

→ Old Irish: muide

Irish: muidhe

→ Spanish: modio

(historical units of measure) modius, a unit of dry measure (especially for grain) of about a peck or 9 litres


cubitum

cubitum n (genitive cubitī); second declension

cubitī (genitive)
cubitum (nominative singular)
cubita (nominative plural)
cubitī (genitive singular)
cubitōrum (genitive plural)
cubitō (dative singular)
cubitīs (dative plural)
cubitum (accusative singular)
cubita (accusative plural)
cubitō (ablative singular)
cubitīs (ablative plural)
cubitum (singular vocative)
cubita (plural vocative)
cubitus (alternative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cot, cotu

Istro-Romanian: cot

Megleno-Romanian: cot, cuot

Romanian: cot

Italo-Romance:

desc

Neapolitan: gùveto, vute, ute, viute, júvete

Old Italian: gombito

Italian: gomito

Sicilian: gùvitu

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: gòmet, gåmmt, gånbdt (Bologna), gòmat

Lombard: gombed

Romansch: cumbel, cundun

Friulian: comedon

Istriot: cumio

Ladin: cumedon

Venetan: gùmio, gòmio, gòmbio, comio

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: codo

desctree

Old French: coute, code, cote, cute
French: coude
Haitian Creole: koud
Norman: coute, kut (Sark)
Walloon: keute

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: *coude, colde, coldo

Catalan: colze, colzo, cotze

Occitan: coide, cobde

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: coudo

Old Leonese:

Asturian: coldu, codu

Leonese: coldo

Old Galician-Portuguese: covedo, côbedo

Galician: cóbado, cóbedo, códabo

Portuguese: coto, côvado

Old Spanish: cobdo
Ladino: kovdo
Spanish: codo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: cuidu, cuitu, cúvidu

Ancient borrowings:

→ Ancient Greek: κύβιτον (kúbiton)

→ Proto-Albanian: *kuβət

Albanian: kut

Later borrowings:

→ Catalan: cúbit

→ French: cubitus

→ Galician: cúbito

→ Italian: cubito

→ Middle English: cubite, cubet, cubit, cubyte
English: cubit
Scots: cubit (obsolete)

→ Portuguese: cúbito

→ Romanian: cubitus

→ Spanish: cúbito

Neuter substantive use of the perfect passive participle of cubō (“lie down, recline”).


talentum

la-noun

talentum n (genitive talentī); second declension

talentī (genitive)
talentum (nominative singular)
talenta (nominative plural)
talentī (genitive singular)
talentōrum (genitive plural)
talentō (dative singular)
talentīs (dative plural)
talentum (accusative singular)
talenta (accusative plural)
talentō (ablative singular)
talentīs (ablative plural)
talentum (singular vocative)
talenta (plural vocative)

Catalan: talent

English: talent

French: talent

Friulian: talent

German: Talent

Italian: talento

Piedmontese: talent

Portuguese: talento, tento, talante

Romanian: talent

Spanish: talento

→ Middle Dutch: talent

Dutch: talent

→ Middle Low German: tālent

desctree

→ Old English: talente
Middle English: talent, taland, talande, talant, talente (reinforced by Old French)
English: talent
Scots: talent

→ Old High German: talenta

From Ancient Greek τάλαντον (tálanton, “a weight; talent”), from Proto-Indo-European *tl̥h₂ent-, from *telh₂-. In post-Classical Latin, the term was used figuratively to refer to a gift from God in general, influenced by the biblical Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25:14–30); the medieval sense “skill, ability” is an extension of this usage.

der

(Late Latin, figuratively) A gift from God, grace.


sextarius

la-noun

sextārius m (genitive sextāriī or sextārī); second declension

sextārius (canonical masculine)
sextāriī (genitive)
sextārī (genitive)
sextārius (nominative singular)
sextāriī (nominative plural)
sextāriī (genitive singular)
sextārī (genitive singular)
sextāriōrum (genitive plural)
sextāriō (dative singular)
sextāriīs (dative plural)
sextārium (accusative singular)
sextāriōs (accusative plural)
sextāriō (ablative singular)
sextāriīs (ablative plural)
sextārie (singular vocative)
sextāriī (plural vocative)

English: sextary, sextarius

Galician: sesteiro

Italian: sestaio, staio

Old French: sestier

(historical) sextarius, a Roman unit of dry measure


chiliogramma

chīliogramma n (genitive chīliogrammatis); third declension

chīliogramma (canonical neuter)
chīliogrammatis (genitive)
chīliogramma (nominative singular)
chīliogrammata (nominative plural)
chīliogrammatis (genitive singular)
chīliogrammatum (genitive plural)
chīliogrammatī (dative singular)
chīliogrammatibus (dative plural)
chīliogramma (accusative singular)
chīliogrammata (accusative plural)
chīliogrammate (ablative singular)
chīliogrammatibus (ablative plural)
chīliogramma (singular vocative)
chīliogrammata (plural vocative)


iugerum

iūgerum n (genitive iūgerī); irregular, variously declined, second declension, third declension

iūgerum (canonical neuter)
variously declined (canonical)
iūgerī (genitive)
iūgerum (nominative singular)
iūgera (nominative plural)
iūgerī (genitive singular)
iūgerum (genitive plural)
iūgerō (dative singular)
iūgeribus (dative plural)
iūgerum (accusative singular)
iūgera (accusative plural)
iūgerō (ablative singular)
iūgeribus (ablative plural)
iūgerīs (ablative plural)
iūgerum (singular vocative)
iūgera (plural vocative)
jūgerum (alternative)
iūger (alternative)
jūger (alternative)
iūgerus (alternative)
jūgerus (alternative)

English: jugerum

French: jugère

Italian: iugero

Romanian: iugăr

From Proto-Italic *jougos (“yoked team of animals”), from Proto-Indo-European *yéwgos. The plural preserves the original consonant-stem forms (from an unattested singular *iūgus), while the singular was back-formed from the nominative-accusative plural as a 2nd declension noun.

inh

Ille, Modos, quibus metirentur rura, alius alios constituit. Nam in Hispania ulteriore metiuntur iugis, in Campania versibus, apud nos in agro Romano ac Latino iugeris. Iugum vocant, quod iuncti boves uno die exarare possint.

1st century BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Rerum rusticarum libri III (Agricultural Topics in Three Books). Liber I, X

Each country has its own method of measuring land. Thus in farther Spain the unit of measure is the iugum, in Campania the versus, with us here in the district of Rome and in Latium the iugerum. The iugum is the amount of land which a yoke of oxen can plough in a day; the versus is an area 100 feet square; the iugerum an area containing two square actus.

(historical units of measure) A juger, a Roman unit of area, equivalent to 2 acti or 28,800 square feet (approximately ⅔ acre or ¼ hectare).


cabus

la-noun

cabus m (genitive cabī); second declension

cabī (genitive)
cabus (nominative singular)
cabī (nominative plural)
cabī (genitive singular)
cabōrum (genitive plural)
cabō (dative singular)
cabīs (dative plural)
cabum (accusative singular)
cabōs (accusative plural)
cabō (ablative singular)
cabīs (ablative plural)
cabe (singular vocative)
cabī (plural vocative)


gomor

→ English: gomer

From the Vulgate transcription of Ancient Greek γομόρ (gomór) in the Septuagint, from Biblical Hebrew עומר (“sheaf; unit of dry measure”).

der

(historical units of measure) omer, a unit of dry volume equal to about 2.3 L.


artaba

la-noun

artaba f (genitive artabae); first declension

artabae (genitive)
artaba (nominative singular)
artabae (nominative plural)
artabae (genitive singular)
artabārum (genitive plural)
artabae (dative singular)
artabīs (dative plural)
artabam (accusative singular)
artabās (accusative plural)
artabā (ablative singular)
artabīs (ablative plural)
artaba (singular vocative)
artabae (plural vocative)

an artab (an Egyptian/Persian dry measure)


decempeda

decempeda f (genitive decempedae); first declension

decempedae (genitive)
decempeda (nominative singular)
decempedae (nominative plural)
decempedae (genitive singular)
decempedārum (genitive plural)
decempedae (dative singular)
decempedīs (dative plural)
decempedam (accusative singular)
decempedās (accusative plural)
decempedā (ablative singular)
decempedīs (ablative plural)
decempeda (singular vocative)
decempedae (plural vocative)

Italian: decempeda

From decem (“ten”) + pes (“foot; Roman foot”). Senses influenced by the Greek equivalent ἄκαινα (ákaina), a 10-foot measure based on a standardization of the goad used to drive plough oxen.


hemina

hēmīna f (genitive hēmīnae); first declension

hēmīna (canonical feminine)
hēmīnae (genitive)
hēmīna (nominative singular)
hēmīnae (nominative plural)
hēmīnae (genitive singular)
hēmīnārum (genitive plural)
hēmīnae (dative singular)
hēmīnīs (dative plural)
hēmīnam (accusative singular)
hēmīnās (accusative plural)
hēmīnā (ablative singular)
hēmīnīs (ablative plural)
hēmīna (singular vocative)
hēmīnae (plural vocative)

Italian: mina, → emina

→ English: hemina

→ Spanish: hemina

From Ancient Greek ἡμίνα (hēmína, “a half”), from ἡμι- (hēmi-, “hemi-: half”) + -ίνα (-ína, “-ina: forming nouns”).

(historical) hemina, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 0.27 L


culeus

cūleus m (genitive cūleī); second declension

cūleus (canonical masculine)
cūleī (genitive)
cūleus (nominative singular)
cūleī (nominative plural)
cūleī (genitive singular)
cūleōrum (genitive plural)
cūleō (dative singular)
cūleīs (dative plural)
cūleum (accusative singular)
cūleōs (accusative plural)
cūleō (ablative singular)
cūleīs (ablative plural)
cūlee (singular vocative)
cūleī (plural vocative)
culleus (alternative)

From Ancient Greek κολεός (koleós, “sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover”).

(historical, law) culeus, the sack, a punishment for parricides involving confinement to a sack and drowning


cotyla

cotyla f (genitive cotylae); first declension

cotylae (genitive)
cotyla (nominative singular)
cotylae (nominative plural)
cotylae (genitive singular)
cotylārum (genitive plural)
cotylae (dative singular)
cotylīs (dative plural)
cotylam (accusative singular)
cotylās (accusative plural)
cotylā (ablative singular)
cotylīs (ablative plural)
cotyla (singular vocative)
cotylae (plural vocative)
cotula (alternative)
cotylē (alternative)

Aromanian: ciuturã

Italian: ciotola

Megleno-Romanian: ciutură

desctree

Romanian: ciutură, citură — archaic, rare
(some are from Aromanian)
→ Albanian: çotrë, çutrë, çuturë, çutër (obsolete)
→ Bulgarian: чу́тура (čútura), чо́тра (čótra), чо́тура (čótura)
→ Czech: čutora
→ Gagauz:
Cyrillic script: чотра
Latin script: çotra
→ Greek: τσότρα (tsótra), τσιότρα (tsiótra)
→ Hungarian: csutora
→ Macedonian: чутура (čutura), чотра (čotra) — Drama dialect
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: чу̀тура
Latin script: čùtura
→ Slovak: čutora
→ Slovene: čútara
→ Ottoman Turkish: چوتوره (çotura), چوتره (çotura, çotra)
Turkish: çotra
→ Ukrainian: чуто́ра (čutóra), чіту́ра (čitúra) (Transcarpathian, archaic)

Sicilian: ciòtula

→ English: cotyle, cotyla

der

Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup, half-pint”)

(historical) cotyle, a Greek unit of liquid measure

(historical) synonym of hemina, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 0.27 L

hemina

[…] Plantis etiam stercus das. Da etiam urinam, sodes: per quam earum febrem iudices. Stercus in illis ais esse modicum, & siccum. Iccirco bene olere. Etiamne Ballotae, aut Marrubium? Etiamne Spathula, quae a foetore cognomen adepta est? Etiamne illa, cui teterrimum obodorem, teterrima voce (auribus sit honor) à muliebribus pudendis, & eorum opere, duo nomina indiderunt? Ut omittam Cotulam, & alias multas. At, opinor, Arundines Moscho excellentius olent: quia parum in eis stercoris est, atque id siccum. Cantharides quia siccae non sunt, malè olent.

1557, Julius Caesar Scaliger, Exotericarum exercitationum liber XV. De Subtilitate ad Hieronymum Cardanum, Frankfurt, published 1582, page 675:

(New Latin) stinking chamomile (Anthemis cotula), an annual weed of strong, bitter, and disagreeable taste used in small quantities in infusions its for diaphoretic, stimulating, and tonic effects


ceratium

la-noun

cerātium n (genitive cerātiī or cerātī); second declension

cerātium (canonical neuter)
cerātiī (genitive)
cerātī (genitive)
cerātium (nominative singular)
cerātia (nominative plural)
cerātiī (genitive singular)
cerātī (genitive singular)
cerātiōrum (genitive plural)
cerātiō (dative singular)
cerātiīs (dative plural)
cerātium (accusative singular)
cerātia (accusative plural)
cerātiō (ablative singular)
cerātiīs (ablative plural)
cerātium (singular vocative)
cerātia (plural vocative)

→ English: Ceratium/ceratium

From Ancient Greek κερᾱ́τῐον (kerā́tĭon, “little horn, carob”), diminutive of κέρᾰς (kérăs, “horn”).

der

Ceratonia siliqua
Ceratonia siliqua#Translingual


mille passus

la-noun

mīlle passūs m pl (genitive mīlle passuum); fourth declension

mīlle passūs (canonical masculine plural)
mīlle passuum (genitive)
mīlle passūs (nominative plural)
mīlle passuum (genitive plural)
mīlle passibus (dative plural)
mīlle passūs (accusative plural)
mīlle passibus (ablative plural)
mīlle passūs (plural vocative)
m.p. (alternative abbreviation)
mp (alternative abbreviation)
mīlle passuum (alternative)

mīlle (“thousand”, indeclinable numeral) + the nominative plural of passus (“a pace, stride”).

a Roman mile of 8 stadia (“stades”); 1,000 passūs (“paces”); or 5,000 pedēs (“feet”), approximately 4,854 English feet.


mille passuum

mīlle passuum (canonical neuter)
mīlle passuum (nominative singular)
mīlia passuum (nominative plural)
mīllia passuum (nominative plural)
mīlle passuum (genitive singular)
mīlium passuum (genitive plural)
mīllium passuum (genitive plural)
mīlle passuum (dative singular)
mīlibus passuum (dative plural)
mīllibus passuum (dative plural)
mīlle passuum (accusative singular)
mīlia passuum (accusative plural)
mīllia passuum (accusative plural)
mīlle passuum (ablative singular)
mīlibus passuum (ablative plural)
mīllibus passuum (ablative plural)
mīlle passuum (singular vocative)
mīlia passuum (plural vocative)
mīllia passuum (plural vocative)
m.p. (alternative abbreviation)
mp (alternative abbreviation)
mīlle passūs (alternative)

mīlle (“thousand”, indeclinable noun) with the plural partitive genitive of passus (“a pace, stride”). Analogically reformed from the older mīlle passum.


cheme

chēmē f (genitive chēmēs); first declension

chēmē (canonical feminine)
chēmēs (genitive)
chēmē (nominative singular)
chēmae (nominative plural)
chēmēs (genitive singular)
chēmārum (genitive plural)
chēmae (dative singular)
chēmīs (dative plural)
chēmēn (accusative singular)
chēmās (accusative plural)
chēmē (ablative singular)
chēmīs (ablative plural)
chēmē (singular vocative)
chēmae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χήμη (khḗmē).

A measure for liquids, the third part of a mystrum


mystrum

mystrum n (genitive mystrī); second declension

mystrī (genitive)
mystrum (nominative singular)
mystra (nominative plural)
mystrī (genitive singular)
mystrōrum (genitive plural)
mystrō (dative singular)
mystrīs (dative plural)
mystrum (accusative singular)
mystra (accusative plural)
mystrō (ablative singular)
mystrīs (ablative plural)
mystrum (singular vocative)
mystra (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μύστρον (mústron).

The fourth part of a cyathus, a measure for liquids


olvatium

olvātium n (genitive olvātiī or olvātī); second declension

olvātium (canonical neuter)
olvātiī (genitive)
olvātī (genitive)
olvātium (nominative singular)
olvātia (nominative plural)
olvātiī (genitive singular)
olvātī (genitive singular)
olvātiōrum (genitive plural)
olvātiō (dative singular)
olvātiīs (dative plural)
olvātium (accusative singular)
olvātia (accusative plural)
olvātiō (ablative singular)
olvātiīs (ablative plural)
olvātium (singular vocative)
olvātia (plural vocative)
olvātum (alternative)


condama

condama f (genitive condamae); first declension

condamae (genitive)
condama (nominative singular)
condamae (nominative plural)
condamae (genitive singular)
condamārum (genitive plural)
condamae (dative singular)
condamīs (dative plural)
condamam (accusative singular)
condamās (accusative plural)
condamā (ablative singular)
condamīs (ablative plural)
condama (singular vocative)
condamae (plural vocative)


acnua

acnua f (genitive acnuae); first declension

acnuae (genitive)
acnua (nominative singular)
acnuae (nominative plural)
acnuae (genitive singular)
acnuārum (genitive plural)
acnuae (dative singular)
acnuīs (dative plural)
acnuam (accusative singular)
acnuās (accusative plural)
acnuā (ablative singular)
acnuīs (ablative plural)
acnua (singular vocative)
acnuae (plural vocative)

A measure or piece of land, 13600 feet square or 1262 square metres


schoenus

schoenus m (genitive schoenī); second declension

schoenī (genitive)
schoenus (nominative singular)
schoenī (nominative plural)
schoenī (genitive singular)
schoenōrum (genitive plural)
schoenō (dative singular)
schoenīs (dative plural)
schoenum (accusative singular)
schoenōs (accusative plural)
schoenō (ablative singular)
schoenīs (ablative plural)
schoene (singular vocative)
schoenī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Schoenus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σχοῖνος (skhoînos).

A measure of distance among the Persians


heredium

hērēdium n (genitive hērēdiī or hērēdī); second declension

hērēdium (canonical neuter)
hērēdiī (genitive)
hērēdī (genitive)
hērēdium (nominative singular)
hērēdia (nominative plural)
hērēdiī (genitive singular)
hērēdī (genitive singular)
hērēdiōrum (genitive plural)
hērēdiō (dative singular)
hērēdiīs (dative plural)
hērēdium (accusative singular)
hērēdia (accusative plural)
hērēdiō (ablative singular)
hērēdiīs (ablative plural)
hērēdium (singular vocative)
hērēdia (plural vocative)

From heres (“heir”) + -ium (suffix forming neuter nouns). Its use as a unit of area derives from an early land reform which bequeathed 2 jugers of land to each Roman citizen as heritable property.

(historical units of measure) A former Roman unit of area (approximately 1¼ acres or ½ hectare).


cignus

cignus m (genitive cignī); second declension

cignī (genitive)
cignus (nominative singular)
cignī (nominative plural)
cignī (genitive singular)
cignōrum (genitive plural)
cignō (dative singular)
cignīs (dative plural)
cignum (accusative singular)
cignōs (accusative plural)
cignō (ablative singular)
cignīs (ablative plural)
cigne (singular vocative)
cignī (plural vocative)

A unit of measure corresponding to 8 scrupuli


candetum

candētum n (genitive candētī); second declension

candētum (canonical neuter)
candētī (genitive)
candētum (nominative singular)
candēta (nominative plural)
candētī (genitive singular)
candētōrum (genitive plural)
candētō (dative singular)
candētīs (dative plural)
candētum (accusative singular)
candēta (accusative plural)
candētō (ablative singular)
candētīs (ablative plural)
candētum (singular vocative)
candēta (plural vocative)

Metathesis of earlier *cantedum, from Gaulish *cantedon, from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”) + *ɸedom (“space”).

a unit of measure corresponding to 100 Roman square feet in urban areas and 150 in agrarian areas


chiliometrum

chīliometrum n (genitive chīliometrī); second declension

chīliometrum (canonical neuter)
chīliometrī (genitive)
chīliometrum (nominative singular)
chīliometra (nominative plural)
chīliometrī (genitive singular)
chīliometrōrum (genitive plural)
chīliometrō (dative singular)
chīliometrīs (dative plural)
chīliometrum (accusative singular)
chīliometra (accusative plural)
chīliometrō (ablative singular)
chīliometrīs (ablative plural)
chīliometrum (singular vocative)
chīliometra (plural vocative)
kilometrum (alternative)

From French kilomètre, Classicalizing compound of Ancient Greek χῑλιάς (khīliás, “thousand”) and Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, “measure, meter”)

der

Urbs circum spatium quīnque et dīmidiī chīliometrōrum extenta erat.

The city spread over an area of five and a half kilometres.

2018, Tuomo Pekkanen, Globulus nuclearis maior et minor https://areena.yle.fi/1-4317721, Nuntii Latini 12.1.2018

In November North Korea carried out a test in which they sent a missile to a height of 4500 kilometres.

Mense Novembri Coreani Septentrionales experimentum fecerunt, quo missile in altitudinem quattuor milium et quingentorum chiliometrorum emiserunt.

(unit of measure, New Latin) a kilometre


fotmellum

la-noun

fōtmēllum n (genitive fōtmēllī); second declension

fōtmēllum (canonical neuter)
fōtmēllī (genitive)
fōtmēllus (alternative)
fōtmēlum (alternative)
fōtmāllum (alternative)
fōtemāllus (alternative)

From Middle English fōtmāl, fōtmēl, from Old English fōtmǣl.

carrus plumbi constat ex triginta fotmallis

The cartload of lead is formed from thirty fotmals.

(Medieval Latin) fotmal, a unit of 70 pounds used for measuring lead


quartarius

quārtārius m (genitive quārtāriī or quārtārī); second declension

quārtārius (canonical masculine)
quārtāriī (genitive)
quārtārī (genitive)
quārtārius (nominative singular)
quārtāriī (nominative plural)
quārtāriī (genitive singular)
quārtārī (genitive singular)
quārtāriōrum (genitive plural)
quārtāriō (dative singular)
quārtāriīs (dative plural)
quārtārium (accusative singular)
quārtāriōs (accusative plural)
quārtāriō (ablative singular)
quārtāriīs (ablative plural)
quārtārie (singular vocative)
quārtāriī (plural vocative)

Catalan: quarter

→ English: quartary, quartarius

From quārtus (“fourth”) + -ārius (“-ary”, adjective-forming suffix), from its relation to the sextarius.

af

(historical) quartarius, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 0.14 L