is

la-det

is (feminine ea, neuter id); demonstrative pronoun

ea (feminine)
id (neuter)
is (masculine nominative singular)
ea (feminine nominative singular)
id (neuter nominative singular)
eī (masculine nominative plural)
iī (masculine nominative plural)
ī (masculine nominative plural)
eae (feminine nominative plural)
ea (neuter nominative plural)
eius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ejus (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
eōrum (genitive masculine plural)
eum (genitive masculine plural)
eārum (feminine genitive plural)
eōrum (genitive neuter plural)
eum (genitive neuter plural)
eī (dative masculine singular)
e͡i (dative masculine singular)
ēī (dative masculine singular)
eī (dative feminine singular)
e͡i (dative feminine singular)
ēī (dative feminine singular)
eae (dative feminine singular)
eī (dative neuter singular)
e͡i (dative neuter singular)
ēī (dative neuter singular)
eīs (dative masculine plural)
iīs (dative masculine plural)
īs (dative masculine plural)
eīs (dative feminine plural)
iīs (dative feminine plural)
īs (dative feminine plural)
eābus (dative feminine plural)
eīs (dative neuter plural)
iīs (dative neuter plural)
īs (dative neuter plural)
eum (accusative masculine singular)
eam (accusative feminine singular)
id (accusative neuter singular)
eōs (accusative masculine plural)
eās (accusative feminine plural)
ea (accusative neuter plural)
eō (ablative masculine singular)
eā (ablative feminine singular)
eō (ablative neuter singular)
eīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
iīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
īs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Italic *is, from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Oscan 𐌉𐌆𐌉𐌊 (izik), Umbrian 𐌄𐌓𐌄 (ere), and further with Lithuanian jis, Proto-Slavic *jь.

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction

Substituting a clause.
Used in various prepositional phrases.


tot

From Proto-Indo-European *toti, adverb from *só. Cognate with Sanskrit तति (táti), Ancient Greek τόσος (tósos).

Quid faciant paucī contrā tot mīlia fortēs?

What can a few brave men do against so many thousands [of soldiers]?
(Ovid here recounts the Battle of the Cremera.)


quantum

→ Dutch: kvante (learned)

desctree

→ English: quantum (learned)
→ French: quantum
→ Portuguese: quantum

French: quant

→ German: Quantum (learned)

Italian: quanto

Spanish: cuanto

Portuguese: quanto

[ˈkʷän̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]


aliqui

la-det

aliquī or aliquis (feminine aliqua, neuter aliquod); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun

aliquī (canonical)
aliquis (canonical)
indeclinable portion with a relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
aliqua (feminine)
aliquod (neuter)
aliquī (masculine nominative singular)
aliquis (masculine nominative singular)
aliqua (feminine nominative singular)
aliquod (neuter nominative singular)
aliquī (masculine nominative plural)
aliquae (feminine nominative plural)
aliqua (neuter nominative plural)
alicuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
aliquōrum (genitive masculine plural)
aliquārum (feminine genitive plural)
aliquōrum (genitive neuter plural)
alicui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
aliquīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquem (accusative masculine singular)
aliquam (accusative feminine singular)
aliquod (accusative neuter singular)
aliquōs (accusative masculine plural)
aliquās (accusative feminine plural)
aliqua (accusative neuter plural)
aliquō (ablative masculine singular)
aliquā (ablative feminine singular)
aliquō (ablative neuter singular)
aliquīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)


iste

iste (feminine ista, neuter istud); demonstrative pronoun (pronominal)

ista (feminine)
istud (neuter)
iste (masculine nominative singular)
ista (feminine nominative singular)
istud (neuter nominative singular)
istī (masculine nominative plural)
istae (feminine nominative plural)
ista (neuter nominative plural)
istī̆us (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
istōrum (genitive masculine plural)
istārum (feminine genitive plural)
istōrum (genitive neuter plural)
istī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
istīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
istum (accusative masculine singular)
istam (accusative feminine singular)
istud (accusative neuter singular)
istōs (accusative masculine plural)
istās (accusative feminine plural)
ista (accusative neuter plural)
istō (ablative masculine singular)
istā (ablative feminine singular)
istō (ablative neuter singular)
istīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: ăst

Italo-Romance:

Italian: esto, 'sto ⇒ stesso

Neapolitan: stu ⇒ stesso

Sicilian: stu

Padanian:

Ligurian: sto

Lombard: sto

Piedmontese: st, ist, sto

Venetan: sto

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: est

desc

Franco-Provençal: sti (Forez), stu (Val Terbi), stú (Naisey) ⇒ stù sì, stù kyì (Naisey)

Old French: ist, es (early; last attested 11th c.)

Gascon: este

Old Occitan: est, esto, sto

Provençal: este, esto

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: esti

Mirandese: este

Mozarabic: שת (št)

Old Galician-Portuguese: [Term?]

Galician: este, iste

Portuguese: este

Spanish: este

Insular Romance

Sardinian: iste, istu

From Proto-Italic *esto, from Proto-Indo-European *só, with only the second part declining.
Cognate with Lepontic 𐌉𐌑𐌏𐌔 (iśos) and Albanian ashtu. See also tum, tam.

(pronoun) that one (near you); that (thing); those ones (in the plural); those (things); he, she, it


ille

Aragonese: el, er, ell, ella, era, els, ers, ells, ellas, eras

Aromanian: el, ea, elj, eali, lui, ljei, lor, ãlj, li, lã, ãl, u

Asturian: él~elli, ella, ello, ellos, elles, ellas

Catalan: ell, ella, ells, elles, llur

Dalmatian: jal, jala, jali, jale, louro

Franco-Provençal: el, elli, il, elles, lui, lei, lor, li

Old French: il (M.SG/PL), ele, lei, li, lui, lor, eus

French: il, elle, ils, elles, lui, leur, eux, lei (dialectal, Burgundy, Normandy)

Louisiana French : alle

Norman: il (M.SG/PL), alle, lei, li, leux

Friulian: lui, jê, lôr

Istriot: el, gila, luri

Italian: egli, ella, lui, lei, loro, lo, la, li, le

Ladin: ëi, i

Megleno-Romanian: iel, ieľ

Neapolitan: lloro, llo/'o, lla, 'a, lle/'e

Galician: el, ela, eles, elas

Occitan: el, ela, eles, elas

Portuguese: ele, ela, eles, elas, o, a, os, as, lhe, lhes, lo, la, los, las, no, na, nos, nas

Romanian: el, ea, ei, ele, lui, ei, lor, îi, le, îl, o

Romansch: el, ella, els, ellas, lur

Sicilian: iḍḍu, iḍḍa, iḍḍi

Spanish: él, ella, ello, ellos, ellas, lo, la, los, las, le, les

Venetan: eło/elo, eła, ełe, łorec, łori

From Old Latin olle (“he, that”) (also ollus, olla), from Proto-Italic *olnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ol-no-s or *h₂l̥-no-s, from *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with Latin uls (“beyond”), alius (“other”), and alter (“the other”); Umbrian ulu (“to that place”), Old Church Slavonic лани (lani, “last year”, literally “in that (year)”).
Initial i- from o- has no parallel case and may be owing to contamination from is, iste and/or due to the palatalizing effect of l exilis.

cog

that one; that (thing); those ones (in the plural); those (things); he, she, it


aliquot

English: aliquot

German: aliquot

French: aliquote

Interlingua: aliquot

Portuguese: alíquota

Spanish: alícuota

[ˈälʲɪkʷɔt̪]


ipse

la-det

ipse (feminine ipsa, neuter ipsum); demonstrative pronoun (pronominal)

ipsa (feminine)
ipsum (neuter)
ipse (masculine nominative singular)
ipsa (feminine nominative singular)
ipsum (neuter nominative singular)
ipsī (masculine nominative plural)
ipsae (feminine nominative plural)
ipsa (neuter nominative plural)
ipsī̆us (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ipsōrum (genitive masculine plural)
ipsārum (feminine genitive plural)
ipsōrum (genitive neuter plural)
ipsī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ipsīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ipsum (accusative masculine singular)
ipsam (accusative feminine singular)
ipsum (accusative neuter singular)
ipsōs (accusative masculine plural)
ipsās (accusative feminine plural)
ipsa (accusative neuter plural)
ipsō (ablative masculine singular)
ipsā (ablative feminine singular)
ipsō (ablative neuter singular)
ipsīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Aragonese: ixe, ixa

Aromanian: nãs, nãsã, is, isã

Catalan: eixe, eixa, eixos, eixes

Eastern or Balearic: es, sa, es, ses

desc

Galician: ese, esa, iso, eses, esas, eis

Gascon: ishe, isha

Italian: esso, essa, essi, esse ⇒ stesso, stessa

Old Franco-Provençal: eis, eissament

Franco-Provençal: pas n'eis (Terres Froides)

Old French: es, esse, is, en esse de

French: en esse de (regional, Eastern France)

Lorrain: èche de

Occitan: eis, eissa

Piedmontese: ës, s, së, is

Portuguese: esse, essa, isso, esses, essas

Romanian: îns, însă, însăși, însele, însuși, înșiși

Sardinian: issu; su

Spanish: ese, esa, eso, esos, esas

From Proto-Italic *e(s)peso, a compound pronoun whose -p- is of difficult-to-trace origin. See the Proto-Italic entry for more.
The p is traditionally explained as as follows. In Old Latin when both parts were inflected, an epenthetic consonant p was inserted in the form *eum-sum, yielding eum-p-sum. From these accusative forms the stems -pso and -psā were extracted and adapted to the nominative forms, thus ipsus and eapsa. Ultimately the paradigm was assimilated to that of iste, ille, with only later in the history of Latin neuter ipsum becoming ipsud.
De Vaan argues that the -p- need not necessarily be epenthetic, but instead it may be the particle -pe.

for one's part, for his part, for her part


quot

From Proto-Italic *kʷot, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoti, adverb from *kʷos, *kʷis. Cognate with Ancient Greek πόσος (pósos) and Sanskrit कति (kati).

Quot occentabas?


multus

la-adj

multus (feminine multa, neuter multum, comparative plūs, superlative plūrimus, adverb multō); first/second-declension adjective

multa (feminine)
multum (neuter)
plūs (comparative)
plūrimus (superlative)
multō (adverb)
multus (masculine nominative singular)
multa (feminine nominative singular)
multum (neuter nominative singular)
multī (masculine nominative plural)
multae (feminine nominative plural)
multa (neuter nominative plural)
multī (genitive masculine singular)
multae (feminine genitive singular)
multī (genitive neuter singular)
multōrum (genitive masculine plural)
multārum (feminine genitive plural)
multōrum (genitive neuter plural)
multō (dative masculine singular)
multae (dative feminine singular)
multō (dative neuter singular)
multīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
multum (accusative masculine singular)
multam (accusative feminine singular)
multum (accusative neuter singular)
multōs (accusative masculine plural)
multās (accusative feminine plural)
multa (accusative neuter plural)
multō (ablative masculine singular)
multā (ablative feminine singular)
multō (ablative neuter singular)
multīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
multe (masculine singular vocative)
multa (feminine singular vocative)
multum (neuter singular vocative)
multī (masculine plural vocative)
multae (feminine plural vocative)
multa (neuter plural vocative)

Aragonese: muito

Asturian: munchu

Aromanian: multu

Catalan: molt

Dalmatian: mult, muolt

Emilian: móllt, môlt

Extremaduran: munchu

Friulian: molt

Interlingua: multe, multo

Italian: molto

Leonese: mueitu

Neapolitan: muto

Old French: molt, mult, mout

French: moult

Megleno-Romanian: mult

Old Galician-Portuguese: muito, mui

Galician: moito, moi

Portuguese: muito

Romagnol: molt

Romanian: mult

Old Spanish: mucho, muy

Spanish: mucho, muy

Sicilian: mutu

Venetan: móndo

Walloon: molt

[ˈmʊɫ̪t̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *moltos, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥tós (“crumbled, crumpled”, past passive participle), from *mel-. Cognate with melior, Ancient Greek μάλα (mála), and Latvian milns (“very many”).

inh

Multa virī virtūs animō multusque recursat / gentis honōs ….
The hero’s [great] valor and [high] noble birth returns to [Dido’s] thought again and again.
(An example of polyptoton: Here, multa . . . multusque can be understood both adjectivally and predicatively, and can modify viri virtus and gentis honos as well as recursat. In the Aeneid, cf.: 1.3-5: multum … multa; and 1.750: multa … multa.)


noster

la-det

noster (feminine nostra, neuter nostrum); first/second-declension determiner (nominative masculine singular in -er)

nostra (feminine)
nostrum (neuter)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
noster (masculine nominative singular)
nostra (feminine nominative singular)
nostrum (neuter nominative singular)
nostrī (masculine nominative plural)
nostrae (feminine nominative plural)
nostra (neuter nominative plural)
nostrī (genitive masculine singular)
nostrae (feminine genitive singular)
nostrī (genitive neuter singular)
nostrōrum (genitive masculine plural)
nostrārum (feminine genitive plural)
nostrōrum (genitive neuter plural)
nostrō (dative masculine singular)
nostrae (dative feminine singular)
nostrō (dative neuter singular)
nostrīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nostrum (accusative masculine singular)
nostram (accusative feminine singular)
nostrum (accusative neuter singular)
nostrōs (accusative masculine plural)
nostrās (accusative feminine plural)
nostra (accusative neuter plural)
nostrō (ablative masculine singular)
nostrā (ablative feminine singular)
nostrō (ablative neuter singular)
nostrīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
noster (masculine singular vocative)
nostra (feminine singular vocative)
nostrum (neuter singular vocative)
nostrī (masculine plural vocative)
nostrae (feminine plural vocative)
nostra (neuter plural vocative)
nostrī (locative masculine singular)
nostrae (feminine locative singular)
nostrī (locative neuter singular)
nostrīs (feminine locative masculine neuter plural)

desc

Aromanian: nostru, noastrã, noshtri, noastri

Catalan: nostre, nostres

Dalmatian: nuester, nuestra

Franco-Provençal: noutro, noutra, noutros, noutres

Friulian: nestri, nestre, nestris

Istriot: nostro, nostra, nostri, nostre

Italian: nostro, nostra, nostri, nostre

Occitan: nòstre, nòstra, nòstres, nòstras

Old French: nostre, noz

French: notre, nôtre, nos

Old Leonese: nostro, nuestro, nostra, nuestra, nostros, nuestros, nostras, nuestras

Asturian: nuestru, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras

Old Galician-Portuguese: nostro

Old Spanish: nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras

Ladino: muestro, muestra, muestros, muestras

Piedmontese: nòstr, nòst

Romanian: nostru, noastră, noștri, noastre

Sardinian: nostru, nostra

Sassarese: nosthru, nosthra, nosthri

Sicilian: nostru, nostra, nostri

Venetan: nostro, nostra, nostri, nostre

Old Leonese: nosso, nossa, nossos, nossas

Asturian: nuesu, nuesa, nuesos, nuesa

Leonese: nuésu, nuésa, nuésus, nuésas

Mirandese: nuosso, nuossa, nuossos, nuossas

Old Galician-Portuguese: nosso, nossa, nossos, nossas

Eonavian: noso, nosa, nosos, nosas

Galician: noso, nosa, nosos, nosas

Romansch: noss, nossa, nossas

… cōnūbia nostra / reppulit, ac dominum Aenēān in rēgna recēpit.

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.213–214

“[The woman …] has rejected our marriage-offer, and accepted Aeneas as lord in her realm.”
(King Iarbas, whom Queen Dido has rejected, refers to himself using the “royal we.”)


suus

la-det

suus (feminine sua, neuter suum); first/second-declension determiner

sua (feminine)
suum (neuter)
suus (masculine nominative singular)
sua (feminine nominative singular)
suum (neuter nominative singular)
suī (masculine nominative plural)
suae (feminine nominative plural)
sua (neuter nominative plural)
suī (genitive masculine singular)
suae (feminine genitive singular)
suī (genitive neuter singular)
suōrum (genitive masculine plural)
suārum (feminine genitive plural)
suōrum (genitive neuter plural)
suō (dative masculine singular)
suae (dative feminine singular)
suō (dative neuter singular)
suīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
suum (accusative masculine singular)
suam (accusative feminine singular)
suum (accusative neuter singular)
suōs (accusative masculine plural)
suās (accusative feminine plural)
sua (accusative neuter plural)
suō (ablative masculine singular)
suā (ablative feminine singular)
suō (ablative neuter singular)
suīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sue (masculine singular vocative)
sua (feminine singular vocative)
suum (neuter singular vocative)
suī (masculine plural vocative)
suae (feminine plural vocative)
sua (neuter plural vocative)
suī (locative masculine singular)
suae (feminine locative singular)
suī (locative neuter singular)
suīs (feminine locative masculine neuter plural)

Aromanian: seu

Asturian: so, sos

Corsican: so

Emilian: sova (Parma)

Franco-Provençal: son

Old French: son, sa, ses

Middle French: son, sons

French: son, sa, ses

Friulian: so, sô

Italian: suo, sua, suoi, sue

Mirandese: sou, sue

Old Catalan: sou, sua, sous, sues; (from unstressed) son, sa, sos, ses

Catalan: seu, seva, seus, seves; son, sa, sos, ses

Old Galician-Portuguese: sou, seu, sua

Fala: sei

Galician: seu, súa

Portuguese: seu, sua, seus, suas

Romanian: său, sa, săi, sale

Romansch: ses, sia

Spanish: suyo, suya, suyos, suyas; su, sus

Sardinian: suu, suos, sua, suas

Venetan: so, sùo, sóo, sùi, sùa, sùe

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *seum

Franco-Provençal: sin

French: sien

Occitan: seu

From Proto-Italic *sowos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewos, from *swé (“self”).
See also Ancient Greek ἑός (heós), Russian свой (svoj), Old Irish féin (“self, himself”), German sein, Old Norse sik (“oneself”), Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍃 (swēs, “one’s own”), Old Church Slavonic свои (svoi, “his, her, its”) and своꙗкъ (svojakŭ, “kinsman, relative”), Latin suescere (“to accustom, get accustomed”) and sodalis (“companion”), Sanskrit स्व (sva, “one's own”).

Acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas.

Then [Jesus] took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and broke, and gave to his disciples to set before the multitude.

(possessive, reflexive) his, her, hers, its (own)


tuus

tuus (feminine tua, neuter tuum); first/second-declension determiner

tua (feminine)
tuum (neuter)
tuus (masculine nominative singular)
tua (feminine nominative singular)
tuum (neuter nominative singular)
tuī (masculine nominative plural)
tuae (feminine nominative plural)
tua (neuter nominative plural)
tuī (genitive masculine singular)
tuae (feminine genitive singular)
tuī (genitive neuter singular)
tuōrum (genitive masculine plural)
tuārum (feminine genitive plural)
tuōrum (genitive neuter plural)
tuō (dative masculine singular)
tuae (dative feminine singular)
tuō (dative neuter singular)
tuīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
tuum (accusative masculine singular)
tuam (accusative feminine singular)
tuum (accusative neuter singular)
tuōs (accusative masculine plural)
tuās (accusative feminine plural)
tua (accusative neuter plural)
tuō (ablative masculine singular)
tuā (ablative feminine singular)
tuō (ablative neuter singular)
tuīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
tue (masculine singular vocative)
tua (feminine singular vocative)
tuum (neuter singular vocative)
tuī (masculine plural vocative)
tuae (feminine plural vocative)
tua (neuter plural vocative)
tuī (locative masculine singular)
tuae (feminine locative singular)
tuī (locative neuter singular)
tuīs (feminine locative masculine neuter plural)

Aromanian: tãu, ta, tãi, tali

Asturian: to, tos

Old Catalan: tou, tua, tous, tues; (from unstressed) ton, ta, tos, tes

Catalan: teu, teva, teus, teves; ton, ta, tos, tes

Dalmatian: to, toa

French: ton, ta, tes

Friulian: to

Istro-Romanian: teu, te, teľ, tele

Italian: tuo, tua, tuoi, tue

Leonese: tou, tua, tous, tuas

Piedmontese: tò

Portuguese: teu, tua, teus, tuas

Romanian: tău, ta, tăi, tale

Romansch: tes

Sardinian: tou

Sicilian: tou, to

Spanish: tuyo, tuya, tuyos, tuyas, tu

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *teum

Franco-Provençal: tin

French: tien

Occitan: teu


meus

meus (feminine mea, neuter meum); first/second-declension determiner

mea (feminine)
meum (neuter)
meus (masculine nominative singular)
mea (feminine nominative singular)
meum (neuter nominative singular)
meī (masculine nominative plural)
meae (feminine nominative plural)
mea (neuter nominative plural)
meī (genitive masculine singular)
meae (feminine genitive singular)
meī (genitive neuter singular)
meōrum (genitive masculine plural)
meārum (feminine genitive plural)
meōrum (genitive neuter plural)
meō (dative masculine singular)
meae (dative feminine singular)
meō (dative neuter singular)
meīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
meum (accusative masculine singular)
meam (accusative feminine singular)
meum (accusative neuter singular)
meōs (accusative masculine plural)
meās (accusative feminine plural)
mea (accusative neuter plural)
meō (ablative masculine singular)
meā (ablative feminine singular)
meō (ablative neuter singular)
meīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mī (masculine singular vocative)
mea (feminine singular vocative)
meum (neuter singular vocative)
meī (masculine plural vocative)
meae (feminine plural vocative)
mea (neuter plural vocative)
meī (locative masculine singular)
meae (feminine locative singular)
meī (locative neuter singular)
meīs (feminine locative masculine neuter plural)

Aromanian: njeu, meu, nja, njei, njali

Asturian: mio, míu, mía, míos, míes

Old Catalan: meu, mia, meus, mies; (from unstressed) mon, ma, mos, mes

Catalan: meu, meva, meus, meves; mon, ma, mos, mes

Dalmatian: mi, maja

Franco-Provençal: min; mon

French: mon, ma, mes; mien, mienne, miens, miennes

Friulian: gno, mê, miei, mês

Galician: meu, miña, meus, miñas; (from unstressed) mi

Istriot: meîo, mio, meîa

Old Italian: meo, mea, mei, mee

Italian: mio, mia, miei, mie

Mirandese: miu, mie, mius, mies

Mozarabic: מו (mw), מיו (myw)

Occitan: meu, meuna

Portuguese: meu, minha, meus, minhas

Piedmontese: mè, mia; meja (Valsesia)

Romanian: meu, mea, mei, mele

Romansch: mes, mia

Sardinian: meu, miu, mea, mia

Sicilian: meu, mè, mìu

Spanish: mío, mía, míos, mías, mi, mis

Venetan: mio, mé

Mitte hunc meā grātiā.


ambo

ambō (canonical masculine)
ambae (feminine)
ambō (neuter)
ambō (masculine nominative plural)
ambae (feminine nominative plural)
ambō (neuter nominative plural)
ambōrum (genitive masculine plural)
ambārum (feminine genitive plural)
ambōrum (genitive neuter plural)
ambōbus (dative masculine plural)
ambābus (dative feminine plural)
ambōbus (dative neuter plural)
ambōs (accusative masculine plural)
ambō (accusative masculine plural)
ambās (accusative feminine plural)
ambō (accusative neuter plural)
ambōbus (ablative masculine plural)
ambābus (ablative feminine plural)
ambōbus (ablative neuter plural)
ambō (masculine plural vocative)
ambae (feminine plural vocative)
ambō (neuter plural vocative)

English: ambi-

Esperanto: ambaŭ

Galician: ambos

Ido: amba

Interlingua: ambe

Italian: ambo

Old French: ambe, andeus

French: ambi-

Occitan: ambedós

Old Galician-Portuguese: ambos

Portuguese: ambos

Romanian: ambii, îmbi

Old Spanish: amos, ambos

Spanish: ambos, ambo

From Proto-Italic *amβō, cognate to Ancient Greek ἄμφω (ámphō, “both”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂n̥tbʰóh₁ (“both”), proposed to be from *h₂n̥t-bʰi (“from both sides”), one case form in -bʰi from the root noun *h₂ent- (“front, front side”), whence ante.
Related to ambi-, from Latin *amβi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”), cognate to Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “around”), Gaulish ambi-, Proto-Germanic *umbi, Sanskrit उभौ (ubháu, “both, the two”), अभि (abhí, “towards, over, upon”).

cog

Hic locus est, partēs ubi sē via findit in ambās: dextera quae […]

This is the place where the way parts in both directions: the right one […]


idem

la-adj

īdem (feminine eadem, neuter idem); demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

īdem (canonical)
eadem (feminine)
idem (neuter)
īdem (masculine nominative singular)
eadem (feminine nominative singular)
idem (neuter nominative singular)
īdem (masculine nominative plural)
eaedem (feminine nominative plural)
eadem (neuter nominative plural)
eiusdem (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
ejusdem (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
eōrundem (genitive masculine plural)
eōrumdem (genitive masculine plural)
eundem (genitive masculine plural)
eumdem (genitive masculine plural)
eārundem (feminine genitive plural)
eārumdem (feminine genitive plural)
eōrundem (genitive neuter plural)
eōrumdem (genitive neuter plural)
eundem (genitive neuter plural)
eumdem (genitive neuter plural)
eīdem (dative masculine singular)
e͡idem (dative masculine singular)
ēīdem (dative masculine singular)
eīdem (dative feminine singular)
e͡idem (dative feminine singular)
ēīdem (dative feminine singular)
eaedem (dative feminine singular)
eīdem (dative neuter singular)
e͡idem (dative neuter singular)
ēīdem (dative neuter singular)
eīsdem (dative masculine plural)
iīsdem (dative masculine plural)
īsdem (dative masculine plural)
eīsdem (dative feminine plural)
iīsdem (dative feminine plural)
īsdem (dative feminine plural)
eābusdem (dative feminine plural)
eīsdem (dative neuter plural)
iīsdem (dative neuter plural)
īsdem (dative neuter plural)
eundem (accusative masculine singular)
eumdem (accusative masculine singular)
eandem (accusative feminine singular)
eamdem (accusative feminine singular)
idem (accusative neuter singular)
eōsdem (accusative masculine plural)
eāsdem (accusative feminine plural)
eadem (accusative neuter plural)
eōdem (ablative masculine singular)
eādem (ablative feminine singular)
eōdem (ablative neuter singular)
eīsdem (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
iīsdem (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
īsdem (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Italic *izdim; equivalent to is (“he”) + Proto-Italic *-im (emphatic marker) (whence Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), from Proto-Indo-European *im (whence also Old Latin im, em), accusative singular of *éy (so both parts are from the same source). The s was lost and the i lengthened by compensatory lengthening.
When is' ablative cases eōd, eād became eō, eā, idem's ablative true forms eōd-em, eād-em were interpreted as eō-dem, eā-dem. The neuter nominative singular id-em is natural. De verborum significatione gives emem as a form of the later eundem.http://remacle.org/bloodwolf/erudits/Festus/e.htm The new marker -dem then served to create totidem, tantundem, ibīdem, etc. Compare tam-en with its later doublet: tan-dem (← *tam-dem).

29 bc. Virgil. Georgics, III

“… Eadem mē ad fāta vocāssēs:
īdem ambās ferrō dolor, atque eadem hōra tulisset.”
“You should have called me to the same fate: Both of us could have been taken by the sword – the same pain, and at the same hour.”

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.678-679

(Anna speaks to her dying sister, Dido.)

eidem

frequently in manuscripts and inscriptions


vester

la-det

vester (feminine vestra, neuter vestrum); first/second-declension determiner (nominative masculine singular in -er)

vestra (feminine)
vestrum (neuter)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
vester (masculine nominative singular)
vestra (feminine nominative singular)
vestrum (neuter nominative singular)
vestrī (masculine nominative plural)
vestrae (feminine nominative plural)
vestra (neuter nominative plural)
vestrī (genitive masculine singular)
vestrae (feminine genitive singular)
vestrī (genitive neuter singular)
vestrōrum (genitive masculine plural)
vestrārum (feminine genitive plural)
vestrōrum (genitive neuter plural)
vestrō (dative masculine singular)
vestrae (dative feminine singular)
vestrō (dative neuter singular)
vestrīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vestrum (accusative masculine singular)
vestram (accusative feminine singular)
vestrum (accusative neuter singular)
vestrōs (accusative masculine plural)
vestrās (accusative feminine plural)
vestra (accusative neuter plural)
vestrō (ablative masculine singular)
vestrā (ablative feminine singular)
vestrō (ablative neuter singular)
vestrīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vester (masculine singular vocative)
vestra (feminine singular vocative)
vestrum (neuter singular vocative)
vestrī (masculine plural vocative)
vestrae (feminine plural vocative)
vestra (neuter plural vocative)
vestrī (locative masculine singular)
vestrae (feminine locative singular)
vestrī (locative neuter singular)
vestrīs (feminine locative masculine neuter plural)

[ˈu̯ɛs̠t̪ɛr]

“Urbem quam statuō vestra est; subdūcite nāvīs.”
“The city which I am building is yours; draw [your] ships ashore.” – Queen Dido

(possessive) your, yours, of you (plural)


nullus

la-adj

nūllus (feminine nūlla, neuter nūllum); first/second-declension adjective (pronominal)

nūllus (canonical)
nūlla (feminine)
nūllum (neuter)
nūllus (masculine nominative singular)
nūlla (feminine nominative singular)
nūllum (neuter nominative singular)
nūllī (masculine nominative plural)
nūllae (feminine nominative plural)
nūlla (neuter nominative plural)
nūllī̆us (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
nūllōrum (genitive masculine plural)
nūllārum (feminine genitive plural)
nūllōrum (genitive neuter plural)
nūllī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
nūllīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nūllum (accusative masculine singular)
nūllam (accusative feminine singular)
nūllum (accusative neuter singular)
nūllōs (accusative masculine plural)
nūllās (accusative feminine plural)
nūlla (accusative neuter plural)
nūllō (ablative masculine singular)
nūllā (ablative feminine singular)
nūllō (ablative neuter singular)
nūllīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
nūlle (masculine singular vocative)
nūlla (feminine singular vocative)
nūllum (neuter singular vocative)
nūllī (masculine plural vocative)
nūllae (feminine plural vocative)
nūlla (neuter plural vocative)

Romance

Gallo-Italic

Piedmontese: nul

→ Catalan: nul

Italo-Dalmatian

Dalmatian: nolja f

Italian: nullo m; nulla f

→ German: Nulla, Null (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: nuḍḍu

→ Old French: nul (see there for further descendants)

French: nul

→ Dutch: nul

→ English: null

→ Romanian: nul

Rhaeto-Romance:

Romansch: nulla, nul, nola, nolla

West Iberian

→ Portuguese: nulo

→ Spanish: nulo

Other languages

→ Belarusian: нуль (nulʹ)

→ Cimbrian: null

→ Czech: nula

→ Danish: nul

→ Eastern Mari: ноль (noĺ)

→ Estonian: null

→ Faroese: null

→ German: Null

→ Hungarian: nulla

→ Hunsrik: null

→ Finnish: nolla

→ Karelian: nol’a

→ Kazakh: нөл (nöl)

→ Kyrgyz: нөль (nöl)

→ Latvian: nulle

→ Lithuanian: nulis

→ Luxembourgish: Null

→ Macedonian: нула (nula)

→ Malay: nol
Indonesian: nol

→ Northern Sami: nolˈla

→ Norwegian Bokmål: null

→ Pennsylvania German: null

desctree

→ Russian: нуль (nulʹ)
→ Kazakh: нөл (nöl)
→ Uyghur: نۆل (nöl)
→ Georgian: ნული (nuli)
→ Armenian: նուլ (nul)

→ Serbo-Croatian: nula / нула

→ Silesian: nul

→ Slovak: nula

→ Swedish: noll

→ Tatar: nol

→ Turkmen: nol

→ Ukrainian: нуль (nulʹ)

→ Uzbek: nol

→ Veps: nol'

→ Voro: nulĺ

→ Votic: noľ

→ West Frisian: nul

[ˈnuːlːʲʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *noinolos, from *ne oinolos, from Proto-Italic *oinos (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. By surface analysis, ne (“not”) + ūllus (“any”), literally “not any”.

surf

nūllā spē, nūllō timōre sollicitor, nūllīs rūmōribus inquiētor: mēcum tantum et cum libellīs loquor.

c. 97 CE – 104 CE, Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 1.9

I am not disturbed by any hope, not by any fear; I am not disquieted by any rumours: I speak only with me and with the little books.


voster

la-det

voster (feminine vostra, neuter vostrum); first/second-declension determiner (nominative masculine singular in -er)

vostra (feminine)
vostrum (neuter)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
voster (masculine nominative singular)
vostra (feminine nominative singular)
vostrum (neuter nominative singular)
vostrī (masculine nominative plural)
vostrae (feminine nominative plural)
vostra (neuter nominative plural)
vostrī (genitive masculine singular)
vostrae (feminine genitive singular)
vostrī (genitive neuter singular)
vostrōrum (genitive masculine plural)
vostrārum (feminine genitive plural)
vostrōrum (genitive neuter plural)
vostrō (dative masculine singular)
vostrae (dative feminine singular)
vostrō (dative neuter singular)
vostrīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
vostrum (accusative masculine singular)
vostram (accusative feminine singular)
vostrum (accusative neuter singular)
vostrōs (accusative masculine plural)
vostrās (accusative feminine plural)
vostra (accusative neuter plural)
vostrō (ablative masculine singular)
vostrā (ablative feminine singular)
vostrō (ablative neuter singular)
vostrīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
voster (masculine singular vocative)
vostra (feminine singular vocative)
vostrum (neuter singular vocative)
vostrī (masculine plural vocative)
vostrae (feminine plural vocative)
vostra (neuter plural vocative)

desc

Aromanian: vostru, voastrã, voshtri, voastri

Asturian: vuestru, vuestra, vuestros, vuestres

Catalan: vostre, vostres

Dalmatian: vestro, vestra

Franco-Provençal: voutro, voutra, voutros, voutres

French: votre, vôtre, vos

Friulian: vuestri, vuestre, vuestris

Galician: voso, vosa, vosos, vosas

Istriot: vostro, vostra, vostri, vostre

Italian: vostro, vostra, vostri, vostre

Ladino: vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras, ב׳ואיסטראס, ב׳ואיסטרוס, ב׳ואיסטרה, ב׳ואיסטרו

Occitan: vòstre, vòstra, vòstres, vòstras

Piedmontese: vòstr

Romanian: vostru, voastră, voștri, voastre

Sardinian: bostru, bostra

Sicilian: vostru, vostra, vostri

Spanish: vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras

Venetan: vostro, vostra, vostri, vostre

Asturian: vuesu, vuesa, vuesos, vuesa

Old Galician-Portuguese: vosso, vossa, vossos, vossas

Galician: voso, vosa, vosos, vosas

Romansch: voss, vossa, vossas

[ˈu̯ɔs̠t̪ɛr]

Alternative form of vester ("your", "yours, "of you").


qualis

quālis (canonical)
quālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
quāle (neuter nominative singular)
quālēs (feminine masculine nominative plural)
quālia (neuter nominative plural)
quālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
quālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
quāle (accusative neuter singular)
quālēs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
quālīs (accusative feminine masculine plural)
quālia (accusative neuter plural)
quālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
quāle (neuter singular vocative)
quālēs (feminine masculine plural vocative)
quālia (neuter plural vocative)

Aromanian: cari, care, cai

Dalmatian: cal

English: quale

Franco-Provençal: quâl

French: quel

Friulian: cuâl

Galician: cal

Italian: quale

Ladin: chel

Occitan: qual

Portuguese: qual

Romanian: care

Sicilian: quali

Spanish: cual

Venetan: quało

[ˈkʷäːlʲɪs̠]

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷo- (“interrogative, relative stem”) and maybe *h₂el- (“to grow”) (cf. the sense of indolēs, from this root). Cognate with Ancient Greek πηλίκος (pēlíkos).

der

Prius aliquid esse dēbet, deinde quāle esse.

c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 117.27.6

Something first needs to be, and then to be of a particular kind.

(technical, philosophy) of a particular kind


cuiusvis

la-det

cuiusvīs (feminine cuiavīs, neuter cuiumvīs); first/second-declension determiner with an indeclinable portion

cuiusvīs (canonical)
cuiavīs (feminine)
cuiumvīs (neuter)
cuiusvīs (masculine nominative singular)
cuiavīs (feminine nominative singular)
cuiumvīs (neuter nominative singular)
cuiīvīs (masculine nominative plural)
cuiaevīs (feminine nominative plural)
cuiavīs (neuter nominative plural)
cuiīvīs (genitive masculine singular)
cuiaevīs (feminine genitive singular)
cuiīvīs (genitive neuter singular)
cuiōrumvīs (genitive masculine plural)
cuiārumvīs (feminine genitive plural)
cuiōrumvīs (genitive neuter plural)
cuiōvīs (dative masculine singular)
cuiaevīs (dative feminine singular)
cuiōvīs (dative neuter singular)
cuiīsvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
cuiumvīs (accusative masculine singular)
cuiamvīs (accusative feminine singular)
cuiumvīs (accusative neuter singular)
cuiōsvīs (accusative masculine plural)
cuiāsvīs (accusative feminine plural)
cuiavīs (accusative neuter plural)
cuiōvīs (ablative masculine singular)
cuiāvīs (ablative feminine singular)
cuiōvīs (ablative neuter singular)
cuiīsvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
cuievīs (masculine singular vocative)
cuiavīs (feminine singular vocative)
cuiumvīs (neuter singular vocative)
cuiīvīs (masculine plural vocative)
cuiaevīs (feminine plural vocative)
cuiavīs (neuter plural vocative)

Use as an indefinite determiner of the common genitive singular forms of quīvīs.

[kʊi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠u̯iːs̠]

cūjavīs ōrātiō īnsimulārī potest

The discourse of anyone whatsoever may be assailed/falsely accused/misalleged.

to whomever pertaining, whosesoever, of anyone soever


quivis

quīvis (feminine quaevīs, neuter quodvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

quīvis (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quaevīs (feminine)
quodvīs (neuter)
quīvis (masculine nominative singular)
quaevīs (feminine nominative singular)
quodvīs (neuter nominative singular)
quīvīs (masculine nominative plural)
quaevīs (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiusvīs (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrunvīs (genitive masculine plural)
quōrumvīs (genitive masculine plural)
quārunvīs (feminine genitive plural)
quārumvīs (feminine genitive plural)
quōrunvīs (genitive neuter plural)
quōrumvīs (genitive neuter plural)
cuivīs (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibusvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quenvīs (accusative masculine singular)
quemvīs (accusative masculine singular)
quanvīs (accusative feminine singular)
quamvīs (accusative feminine singular)
quodvīs (accusative neuter singular)
quōsvīs (accusative masculine plural)
quāsvīs (accusative feminine plural)
quaevīs (accusative neuter plural)
quōvīs (ablative masculine singular)
quāvīs (ablative feminine singular)
quōvīs (ablative neuter singular)
quibusvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīsvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)


cujusvis

cujusvīs (genitive cujusvītis); indeclinable portion with a third-declension one-termination determiner

cujusvīs (canonical)
cujusvītis (genitive)

[kʊi̯ˈi̯ʊs̠u̯iːs̠]


ecqui

ecquī or ecquis (feminine ecqua or ecquae, neuter ecquod); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun

ecquī (canonical)
ecquis (canonical)
indeclinable portion with a relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
ecqua (feminine)
ecquae (feminine)
ecquod (neuter)
ecquī (masculine nominative singular)
ecquis (masculine nominative singular)
ecqua (feminine nominative singular)
ecquae (feminine nominative singular)
ecquod (neuter nominative singular)
ecquī (masculine nominative plural)
ecquae (feminine nominative plural)
ecqua (neuter nominative plural)
ecquae (neuter nominative plural)
eccui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
ecquem (accusative masculine singular)
ecquam (accusative feminine singular)
ecquod (accusative neuter singular)
ecquōs (accusative masculine plural)
ecquās (accusative feminine plural)
ecqua (accusative neuter plural)
ecquae (accusative neuter plural)
ecquō (ablative masculine singular)
ecquā (ablative feminine singular)
ecquō (ablative neuter singular)

Plautus, Pseudolus, actus I. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. IV of five volumes, 1930, p. 200f.:
Ecquas viginti minas
paritas ut auferas a me?
And you are making ready to get eighty pounds out of me ?

Publius Ovidius Naso, Ex Ponto, liber IV. In: Ovid with an English translation, Tristia • Ex Ponto, by Arthur Leslie Wheeler, 1939, p. 464f.:
ecquos tu silices, ecquod, carissime, ferrum
duritiae confers, Albinovane, meae ?
Can you compare any flint, Albinovanus, any iron to my endurance ?


metipse

head

metipse (feminine metipsa, neuter metipsum)

Gallo-Romance:

desc

Old Catalan: mateix, meteix, mesex, meseix

Catalan: mateix

→ Sardinia:

Gallurese: mattessi

Sardinian: matéssi, matéssiu, mantéssi

Sassarese: matéssi

Old Occitan: meteix

Languedocien: meteis

Provençal: meteis

Vivaro-Alpine: meteis

Gascon: medish, medeish, madeish

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: medes

Old Spanish: medes

From the rebracketing of expressions such as egomet ipse (‘I’ with double emphasis), with the emphatic -met transferred from the pronoun to ipse (emphatic demonstrative). Attested in a text from the seventh century.


olle

From Old Latin ollus (“he, that”), from Proto-Italic *olnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ol-no-s or *h₂l̥-no-s, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“beyond, other”).


qualiscumque

la-det

quāliscumque (neuter quālecumque); third-declension two-termination determiner with an indeclinable portion

quāliscumque (canonical)
quālecumque (neuter)
quāliscumque (feminine masculine nominative singular)
quālecumque (neuter nominative singular)
quālēscumque (feminine masculine nominative plural)
quāliacumque (neuter nominative plural)
quāliscumque (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quāliumcumque (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
quālīcumque (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quālibuscumque (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quālemcumque (accusative feminine masculine singular)
quālecumque (accusative neuter singular)
quālēscumque (accusative feminine masculine plural)
quālīscumque (accusative feminine masculine plural)
quāliacumque (accusative neuter plural)
quālīcumque (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quālibuscumque (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quāliscumque (feminine masculine singular vocative)
quālecumque (neuter singular vocative)
quālēscumque (feminine masculine plural vocative)
quāliacumque (neuter plural vocative)

→ Old French: quelesquunques

French: quelconque

[kʷäːlʲɪs̠ˈkʊŋkʷɛ]

. any, each without distinction (transferred, Late Latin)