sepia

la-noun

sēpia f (genitive sēpiae); first declension

sēpia (canonical feminine)
sēpiae (genitive)
sēpia (nominative singular)
sēpiae (nominative plural)
sēpiae (genitive singular)
sēpiārum (genitive plural)
sēpiae (dative singular)
sēpiīs (dative plural)
sēpiam (accusative singular)
sēpiās (accusative plural)
sēpiā (ablative singular)
sēpiīs (ablative plural)
sēpia (singular vocative)
sēpiae (plural vocative)

Istriot:

sipa ⇒ sipariola

→ Serbo-Croatian: sipa, сипа

Italo-Romance:

Italian: seppia

Neapolitan: ceccia, seccia

Sicilian: siccia

Padanian:

⇒ Ligurian: sepieta

Piedmontese: sepia

Venetian: sepa

Northern Gallo-Romance:

French: seiche

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: sípia, sépia ⇒ sepiera

Old Occitan: sepia, sepcha

Occitan: sépia (all dialects)

Gascon: sipa

Vivaro-Alpine: supia

Ibero-Romance:

⇒ Asturian: chipirón

→ Spanish: chipirón

>? Mozarabic:

→ Asturian: xibiones (augmentative, plural)

→ Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: xiba

Portuguese: siba

→ Spanish: jibia

Borrowings:

→ English: sepia

→ Hungarian: szépia

→ Polish: sepia

→ Portuguese: sépia

→ Romanian: sepia, sepie

→ Russian: сепия (sepija)

→ Spanish: sepia

From Ancient Greek σηπία (sēpía), often suggested to be from Ancient Greek σήπειν (sḗpein, “to make rotten”), but (per Beekes) could instead be a Pre-Greek word.


octopus

la-noun

octōpūs m (genitive octōpodis); third declension

octōpūs (canonical masculine)
octōpodis (genitive)
octōpūs (nominative singular)
octōpodēs (nominative plural)
octōpodis (genitive singular)
octōpodum (genitive plural)
octōpodī (dative singular)
octōpodibus (dative plural)
octōpodem (accusative singular)
octōpodēs (accusative plural)
octōpode (ablative singular)
octōpodibus (ablative plural)
octōpūs (singular vocative)
octōpodēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ὀκτώπους (oktṓpous, “eight feet”).

der

Jam vero testa in hac familia sola universalis pars est, Octopodis tantum exceptis.

1825, Willem de Haan, Monographiæ ammoniteorum et goniatiteorum specimen, page 10:

Now truly a shell is a part universal in this single family, octopus the notable exception.


murex

la-noun

mūrex m (genitive mūricis); third declension

mūrex (canonical masculine)
mūricis (genitive)
mūrex (nominative singular)
mūricēs (nominative plural)
mūricis (genitive singular)
mūricum (genitive plural)
mūricī (dative singular)
mūricibus (dative plural)
mūricem (accusative singular)
mūricēs (accusative plural)
mūrice (ablative singular)
mūricibus (ablative plural)
mūrex (singular vocative)
mūricēs (plural vocative)

English: muriciform, muricite, muricoid

Irish: maorach

Catalan: múrex

Italian: murice

Portuguese: múrice

Spanish: múrice

Translingual: Murex

Uncertain. Perhaps a derivative of mūs (“mouse”), whence mūsculus (“a saltwater mussel”). Alternatively, together with Ancient Greek μύαξ (múax, “sea mussel”) borrowed from a Mediterranean substrate language.

A sharp murex shell used as a bridle bit.


cochlea

cochlea f (genitive cochleae); first declension

cochleae (genitive)
cochlea (nominative singular)
cochleae (nominative plural)
cochleae (genitive singular)
cochleārum (genitive plural)
cochleae (dative singular)
cochleīs (dative plural)
cochleam (accusative singular)
cochleās (accusative plural)
cochleā (ablative singular)
cochleīs (ablative plural)
cochlea (singular vocative)
cochleae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: còclea

→ English: cochlea

→ Italian: coclea

→ Portuguese: cóclea

→ Spanish: cóclea

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κοχλῐ́ᾱς (kokhlíās, “snail with a spiral shell”).

bor

in cochleam

Archimedes' screw, water screw, screw pump (machine for drawing water by raising it)


musculus

la-noun

mūsculus m (genitive mūsculī); second declension

mūsculus (canonical masculine)
mūsculī (genitive)
mūsculus (nominative singular)
mūsculī (nominative plural)
mūsculī (genitive singular)
mūsculōrum (genitive plural)
mūsculō (dative singular)
mūsculīs (dative plural)
mūsculum (accusative singular)
mūsculōs (accusative plural)
mūsculō (ablative singular)
mūsculīs (ablative plural)
mūscule (singular vocative)
mūsculī (plural vocative)

Aragonese: musclo, muscllo

Aromanian: mushclju

Asturian: muslu

Catalan: muscle, musclo

Corsican: musculu

Italian: muscolo

Occitan: muscle

desctree

Old French: moule, moucle, moulle, mouscle
French: moule
→ Middle Dutch: mosscele
Dutch: mossel

Romanian: mușchi

Spanish: muslo

→ Albanian: muskul, mushk

→ Catalan: múscul

→ Danish: muskel

→ English: musculus (learned)

→ Middle French: muscle
French: muscle
→ Middle English: muscle
English: muscle

→ Friulian: muscul

→ Galician: músculo

→ German: Muskel

→ Proto-West Germanic: *muskulā (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: músculo

→ Romansch: muscul, muscal, muscla

→ Russian: мускул (muskul)

→ Sardinian: musculu

→ Spanish: músculo

→ Swedish: muskel

[ˈmuːs̠kʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From mūs (“a mouse”) + -culus (diminutive suffix), literally “little mouse”. The “muscle” sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs, “mouse; muscle”).


nautilus

la-noun

nautilus m (genitive nautilī); second declension

nautilī (genitive)
nautilus (nominative singular)
nautilī (nominative plural)
nautilī (genitive singular)
nautilōrum (genitive plural)
nautilō (dative singular)
nautilīs (dative plural)
nautilum (accusative singular)
nautilōs (accusative plural)
nautilō (ablative singular)
nautilīs (ablative plural)
nautile (singular vocative)
nautilī (plural vocative)

Catalan: nàutil

English: nautilus

French: nautile

Italian: nautilo

Portuguese: náutilo

Romanian: nautil

Spanish: nautilo

Translingual: Nautilus

[ˈnäu̯t̪ɪɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek ναυτίλος (nautílos, “nautilus, sailor”); see naval.

der

paper nautilus, argonaut (genus Argonauta)


fascinum

la-noun

fascinum n (genitive fascinī); second declension

fascinī (genitive)
fascinum (nominative singular)
fascina (nominative plural)
fascinī (genitive singular)
fascinōrum (genitive plural)
fascinō (dative singular)
fascinīs (dative plural)
fascinum (accusative singular)
fascina (accusative plural)
fascinō (ablative singular)
fascinīs (ablative plural)
fascinum (singular vocative)
fascina (plural vocative)

→ English: fascinum

Italian: fascino

⇒ Portuguese: fascínio

[ˈfäs̠kɪnʊ̃ˑ]

Unknown; compare Ancient Greek βάσκανος (báskanos, “sorcerer, slanderer”, adjective and noun), possibly from the same European substrate language.

cog

Prōfert Oenothea scorteum fascinum, quod ut oleō et minūtō pipere atque ū̆rtīcae trītō circumdedit sēmine […]

c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 138

Then Oenothea takes out a leather dildo and, having covered it in oil, pepper and ground nettle seeds […]

(by extension) a phallus-shaped amulet worn around the neck as a preventive against witchcraft


pecten

la-noun

pecten m (genitive pectinis); third declension

pectinis (genitive)
pecten (nominative singular)
pectinēs (nominative plural)
pectinis (genitive singular)
pectinum (genitive plural)
pectinī (dative singular)
pectinibus (dative plural)
pectinem (accusative singular)
pectinēs (accusative plural)
pectine (ablative singular)
pectinibus (ablative plural)
pecten (singular vocative)
pectinēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cheaptini, chiaptini

Megleno-Romanian: chiaptini

Romanian: pieptene, pieptăn

Dalmatian:

piacno

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: pèttine

Italian: pettine

Neapolitan: pèttene, pèttine

Sicilian: pèttini

Calabria: pèttinu

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: petene, petini, petiri

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: pèten, pätne

Ligurian: péteno

Lombard: péten, pécen

Piedmontese: pento, pecio, peci, pécen

Romagnol: pètan, pètne

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: pietin

Ladin: péten

Romansch: petgen, pettan

Venetian: petene, peten

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pé(g)no

French: peigne

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: pinte, ⇒ pinta

desc

Gascon: piente, pentie, piento, pinti, pende, pentge, pinto, pienti, piendi

Occitan: penche (all dialects)

Limousin: pinte, pinti

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: piente, peine, pine

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: peñe, peine, peiñe, pene

Leonese: pende, peñe, peine

Mirandese: peine

Old Galician-Portuguese: *peitẽe

Galician: empeña, peite, pente, pieite

Portuguese: pente

Old Spanish: peyne

Spanish: empeine, peine

Borrowings:

→ English: pecten

From Proto-Italic *pekten, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱten-s, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ- (“pluck”) (whence pecto). Cognate with Ancient Greek κτείς (kteís).


byssus

la-noun

byssus f (genitive byssī); second declension

byssī (genitive)
byssus (nominative singular)
byssī (nominative plural)
byssī (genitive singular)
byssōrum (genitive plural)
byssō (dative singular)
byssīs (dative plural)
byssum (accusative singular)
byssōs (accusative plural)
byssō (ablative singular)
byssīs (ablative plural)
bysse (singular vocative)
byssī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Byssus

From Ancient Greek βύσσος (bússos, “a very fine yellowish flax and the linen woven from it”), from Biblical Hebrew בּוּץ (búts), Aramaic בּוש (bus).


chema

la-noun

chēma f (genitive chēmae); first declension

chēma (canonical feminine)
chēmae (genitive)
chēma (nominative singular)
chēmae (nominative plural)
chēmae (genitive singular)
chēmārum (genitive plural)
chēmae (dative singular)
chēmīs (dative plural)
chēmam (accusative singular)
chēmās (accusative plural)
chēmā (ablative singular)
chēmīs (ablative plural)
chēma (singular vocative)
chēmae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χήμη (khḗmē).


polypus

pō̆lypus m (genitive pō̆lypī); second declension

pō̆lypus (canonical masculine)
pō̆lypī (genitive)
pō̆lypus (nominative singular)
pō̆lypī (nominative plural)
pō̆lypī (genitive singular)
pō̆lypōrum (genitive plural)
pō̆lypō (dative singular)
pō̆lypīs (dative plural)
pō̆lypum (accusative singular)
pō̆lypōs (accusative plural)
pō̆lypō (ablative singular)
pō̆lypīs (ablative plural)
pō̆lype (singular vocative)
pō̆lypī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: polpu, pulpu, porpu

Italian: polpo

→ Esperanto: polpo

→ Ido: polpo

Neapolitan: purpo

Sicilian: purpu, pruppu, puppu, pùippu

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: pórpo

Piedmontese: pòrpo

Romagnol: pôlp

Friulian: folp

Venetian: folpo

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: polp

desc

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="ca">polp</i>

Catalan: pop (dialectal polp)

Old French: *puelve, *pueuve

Norman: puerve; pieuvre (Jersey, Guernsey)

→ French: pieuvre

→ Haitian Creole: pyèv

→ Italian: piovra

Occitan: pofre

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: pulpu

Old Galician-Portuguese: polbo

Galician: polbo

Portuguese: polvo

Spanish: pulpo

Insular Romance:

Sardinian:

Campidanese: pulpu, pruppu

Logudorese: pulpu, pruppu

Nuorese: purpu, pruppu

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: pòlip

→ German: Polyp

→ Hungarian: polip

→ English: polyp; polypus

→ Middle French: poupe

French: poulpe

→ English: poulp, poulpe

desctree

→ French: polype
→ Ottoman Turkish: پولیپ (polip)
Turkish: polip
→ Romanian: polip

→ Galician: pólipo

→ Italian: polipo

→ Portuguese: pólipo

→ Spanish: pólipo

[ˈpɔlʲʏpʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek πολύπους (polúpous) (or from Doric Ancient Greek πώλυπος (pṓlupos) for the variant with long ō).


coclea

la-noun

coclea f (genitive cocleae); first declension

cocleae (genitive)
coclea (nominative singular)
cocleae (nominative plural)
cocleae (genitive singular)
cocleārum (genitive plural)
cocleae (dative singular)
cocleīs (dative plural)
cocleam (accusative singular)
cocleās (accusative plural)
cocleā (ablative singular)
cocleīs (ablative plural)
coclea (singular vocative)
cocleae (plural vocative)

Alternative form of cochlea (“a snail, spiral”).


mya

myae (genitive)
mya (nominative singular)
myae (nominative plural)
myae (genitive singular)
myārum (genitive plural)
myae (dative singular)
myīs (dative plural)
myam (accusative singular)
myās (accusative plural)
myā (ablative singular)
myīs (ablative plural)
mya (singular vocative)
myae (plural vocative)


bucinum

būcinum n (genitive būcinī); second declension

būcinum (canonical neuter)
būcinī (genitive)
būcinum (nominative singular)
būcina (nominative plural)
būcinī (genitive singular)
būcinōrum (genitive plural)
būcinō (dative singular)
būcinīs (dative plural)
būcinum (accusative singular)
būcina (accusative plural)
būcinō (ablative singular)
būcinīs (ablative plural)
būcinum (singular vocative)
būcina (plural vocative)

Aromanian: bucium

French: buccin

Galician: bucio

Italian: buccino

Portuguese: búzio

Romanian: bucium

[ˈbuːkɪnʊ̃ˑ]

From būcina (“bugle; curved war trumpet”), from bōs + canō (“sing”). Compare classicum.


ostrea

ostrea f (genitive ostreae); first declension

ostreae (genitive)
ostrea (nominative singular)
ostreae (nominative plural)
ostreae (genitive singular)
ostreārum (genitive plural)
ostreae (dative singular)
ostreīs (dative plural)
ostream (accusative singular)
ostreās (accusative plural)
ostreā (ablative singular)
ostreīs (ablative plural)
ostrea (singular vocative)
ostreae (plural vocative)

Esperanto: ostro

Old French: oistre

Middle French: oistre

French: huître

Norman: hitre

→ Middle English: oystre

English: oyster

Italian: ostrica

Old Galician-Portuguese: ostra

Galician: ostra

desctree

Portuguese: ostra
→ Catalan: ostra
→ Spanish: ostra

Sicilian: òstraca

Translingual: Ostrea

→ Proto-West Germanic: *ōstrijā (see there for further descendants)


dromo

la-noun

dromō m (genitive dromōnis); third declension

dromō (canonical masculine)
dromōnis (genitive)
dromō (nominative singular)
dromōnēs (nominative plural)
dromōnis (genitive singular)
dromōnum (genitive plural)
dromōnī (dative singular)
dromōnibus (dative plural)
dromōnem (accusative singular)
dromōnēs (accusative plural)
dromōne (ablative singular)
dromōnibus (ablative plural)
dromō (singular vocative)
dromōnēs (plural vocative)


limax

līmāx f (genitive līmācis); third declension

līmāx (canonical feminine)
līmācis (genitive)
līmāx (nominative singular)
līmācēs (nominative plural)
līmācis (genitive singular)
līmācum (genitive plural)
līmācī (dative singular)
līmācibus (dative plural)
līmācem (accusative singular)
līmācēs (accusative plural)
līmāce (ablative singular)
līmācibus (ablative plural)
līmāx (singular vocative)
līmācēs (plural vocative)

⇒? Vulgar Latin: *lēmecis

Galician: lesma

Portuguese: lesma

⇒ limācem

Asturian: llimaz

Occitan: limaç

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *limāca

Italo-Romance:

Italian: lumaca

North-Italian:

Lombard: lumaga, lumega, numega

Lombard: lumaga, lumega

Piedmontese: lumega

Romagnol: lumega, lumeaga

Venetian: łimega

Gallo-Romance:

Gascon: limaca

Occitan: limauca, limaca

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *limācum

North-Italian:

Emilian: lumec

Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: limaco, llimaco

Catalan: llimac

Gascon: limac

Occitan: limauc, limac

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: llimiagu

Spanish: limaco, lumiaco

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *limācea

Italo-Romance:

Italian: limaccia

Sicilian: limaccia

Gallo-Romance:

French: limace

Occitan: limaça

Norman: lînmache

North-Italian:

Ligurian: lumassa

Piedmontese: limassa, lumassa

Romansch: glimaja

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: limacha

Spanish: limaza

Borrowings:

→ Interlingua: limace

→ Romanian: limax

→ Translingual: Limax

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λεῖμαξ (leîmax), from Proto-Indo-European *sleh₁y-m-.


conchylium

conchȳlium n (genitive conchȳliī or conchȳlī); second declension

conchȳlium (canonical neuter)
conchȳliī (genitive)
conchȳlī (genitive)
conchȳlium (nominative singular)
conchȳlia (nominative plural)
conchȳliī (genitive singular)
conchȳlī (genitive singular)
conchȳliōrum (genitive plural)
conchȳliō (dative singular)
conchȳliīs (dative plural)
conchȳlium (accusative singular)
conchȳlia (accusative plural)
conchȳliō (ablative singular)
conchȳliīs (ablative plural)
conchȳlium (singular vocative)
conchȳlia (plural vocative)

Catalan: conquilla

Italian: conchiglia

desctree

Neapolitan: sconciglio
→ English: scungilli

[kɔŋˈkʰyːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion, “small mussel”).


spondylus

la-noun

spondylus m (genitive spondylī); second declension

spondylī (genitive)
spondylus (nominative singular)
spondylī (nominative plural)
spondylī (genitive singular)
spondylōrum (genitive plural)
spondylō (dative singular)
spondylīs (dative plural)
spondylum (accusative singular)
spondylōs (accusative plural)
spondylō (ablative singular)
spondylīs (ablative plural)
spondyle (singular vocative)
spondylī (plural vocative)

English: spondyle

Italian: spondilo

[ˈs̠pɔn̪d̪ʏɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek σπόνδυλος (spóndulos).


donax

donax m (genitive donacis); third declension

donacis (genitive)
donax (nominative singular)
donacēs (nominative plural)
donacis (genitive singular)
donacum (genitive plural)
donacī (dative singular)
donacibus (dative plural)
donacem (accusative singular)
donacēs (accusative plural)
donace (ablative singular)
donacibus (ablative plural)
donax (singular vocative)
donacēs (plural vocative)

English: donax

Translingual: Donax


strombus

strombus m (genitive strombī); second declension

strombī (genitive)
strombus (nominative singular)
strombī (nominative plural)
strombī (genitive singular)
strombōrum (genitive plural)
strombō (dative singular)
strombīs (dative plural)
strombum (accusative singular)
strombōs (accusative plural)
strombō (ablative singular)
strombīs (ablative plural)
strombe (singular vocative)
strombī (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek στρόμβος (strómbos, “shell, conch, snail”).


clacendix

la-noun

clacendīx f (genitive clacendīcis); third declension

clacendīx (canonical feminine)
clacendīcis (genitive)
clacendīx (nominative singular)
clacendīcēs (nominative plural)
clacendīcis (genitive singular)
clacendīcum (genitive plural)
clacendīcī (dative singular)
clacendīcibus (dative plural)
clacendīcem (accusative singular)
clacendīcēs (accusative plural)
clacendīce (ablative singular)
clacendīcibus (ablative plural)
clacendīx (singular vocative)
clacendīcēs (plural vocative)


narita

nārīta f (genitive nārītae); first declension

nārīta (canonical feminine)
nārītae (genitive)
nārīta (nominative singular)
nārītae (nominative plural)
nārītae (genitive singular)
nārītārum (genitive plural)
nārītae (dative singular)
nārītīs (dative plural)
nārītam (accusative singular)
nārītās (accusative plural)
nārītā (ablative singular)
nārītīs (ablative plural)
nārīta (singular vocative)
nārītae (plural vocative)


coluthia

colūthia n pl (genitive colūthiōrum); second declension

colūthia (canonical neuter plural)
colūthiōrum (genitive)
colūthia (nominative plural)
colūthiōrum (genitive plural)
colūthiīs (dative plural)
colūthia (accusative plural)
colūthiīs (ablative plural)
colūthia (plural vocative)

[kɔˈɫ̪uːt̪ʰiä]

(plural only) A kind of snail of a dark color


coryphia

coryphia n pl (genitive coryphiōrum); second declension

coryphiōrum (genitive)
coryphia (nominative plural)
coryphiōrum (genitive plural)
coryphiīs (dative plural)
coryphia (accusative plural)
coryphiīs (ablative plural)
coryphia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κορύφιον (korúphion, “a mollusc”).

bor

(plural only) A kind of murex yielding a purple dye


otion

la-noun

ōtion n (genitive ōtiī); second declension

ōtion (canonical neuter)
ōtiī (genitive)
ōtion (nominative singular)
ōtia (nominative plural)
ōtiī (genitive singular)
ōtiōrum (genitive plural)
ōtiō (dative singular)
ōtiīs (dative plural)
ōtion (accusative singular)
ōtia (accusative plural)
ōtiō (ablative singular)
ōtiīs (ablative plural)
ōtion (singular vocative)
ōtia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὠτίον (ōtíon, “little ear”).


surena

la-noun

surēna f (genitive surēnae); first declension

surēna (canonical feminine)
surēnae (genitive)
surēna (nominative singular)
surēnae (nominative plural)
surēnae (genitive singular)
surēnārum (genitive plural)
surēnae (dative singular)
surēnīs (dative plural)
surēnam (accusative singular)
surēnās (accusative plural)
surēnā (ablative singular)
surēnīs (ablative plural)
surēna (singular vocative)
surēnae (plural vocative)

Unknown. Maybe related to Ancient Greek σαυρωτήρ (saurōtḗr, “ferrule, spike”) or to Latin surus (“branch”).


pulpus

la-noun

pulpus m (genitive pulpī); second declension

pulpī (genitive)
pulpus (nominative singular)
pulpī (nominative plural)
pulpī (genitive singular)
pulpōrum (genitive plural)
pulpō (dative singular)
pulpīs (dative plural)
pulpum (accusative singular)
pulpōs (accusative plural)
pulpō (ablative singular)
pulpīs (ablative plural)
pulpe (singular vocative)
pulpī (plural vocative)

Italian: polpo

Ligurian: pórpo

Sicilian: purpu


domiporta

domiporta f (genitive domiportae); first declension

domiportae (genitive)
domiporta (nominative singular)
domiportae (nominative plural)
domiportae (genitive singular)
domiportārum (genitive plural)
domiportae (dative singular)
domiportīs (dative plural)
domiportam (accusative singular)
domiportās (accusative plural)
domiportā (ablative singular)
domiportīs (ablative plural)
domiporta (singular vocative)
domiportae (plural vocative)

[d̪ɔmɪˈpɔrt̪ä]