taurus

la-noun

taurus m (genitive taurī); second declension

taurī (genitive)
taurus (nominative singular)
taurī (nominative plural)
taurī (genitive singular)
taurōrum (genitive plural)
taurō (dative singular)
taurīs (dative plural)
taurum (accusative singular)
taurōs (accusative plural)
taurō (ablative singular)
taurīs (ablative plural)
taure (singular vocative)
taurī (plural vocative)
tarvus (alternative)
tarvos (alternative)

Aromanian: tavru

Asturian: toru

Catalan: toro

Corsican: toru

→ English: Taurus

French: taureau

Friulian: taur

Ido: tauro

Interlingua: tauro

Italian: toro

Norman: touothé

Occitan: taur

Old French: tor

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: touro
Galician: touro
Portuguese: touro, toiro

Romanian: taur

Romansch: taur

Sardinian: trau

Sicilian: tàuru, tàvuru

Spanish: toro (see there for further descendants)

Venetan: toro

Walloon: torea

[ˈt̪äu̯rʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


vacca

la-noun

vacca f (genitive vaccae); first declension

vaccae (genitive)
vacca (nominative singular)
vaccae (nominative plural)
vaccae (genitive singular)
vaccārum (genitive plural)
vaccae (dative singular)
vaccīs (dative plural)
vaccam (accusative singular)
vaccās (accusative plural)
vaccā (ablative singular)
vaccīs (ablative plural)
vacca (singular vocative)
vaccae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: vacã

Istro-Romanian: våcĕ

Megleno-Romanian: vacă

Romanian: vacă

Dalmatian:

vaca, baka, vacca, baca, bacca

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: vacca

desctree

Italian: vacca
→ Alemannic German: Wagge

Sicilian: vacca

Padanian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: vaca

Ligurian: vacca

Lombard: àca, vaca, vacja

Piedmontese: vaca

Romagnol: vàca

desc

Friulian: vacje, vačhe (alternative orthography)

Ladin: vacia

Romansch: vatga, vacca, vacha

Venetan: vaca

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: vaca

Franco-Provençal: vache

Old French: vache (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: vaca

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: baca

Asturian: vaca

Extremaduran: vaca

Mirandese: baca

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: vaca
Fala: vaca
Galician: vaca
Portuguese: vaca (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: vaca

Ladino: vaka

Spanish: vaca (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: bacca, bàca

Borrowings:

→ English: vacci-

Possibly from a Proto-Italic *wokā, from Proto-Indo-European *woḱéh₂, with a diminutive/hypocoristic or expressive suffix -ca. May be borrowed from another Indo-European language, but no obvious European cognate is known.


bos

la-noun

bōs m or f (genitive bovis); irregular, third declension

bōs (canonical feminine masculine)
bovis (genitive)
bōs (nominative singular)
bovēs (nominative plural)
bovis (genitive singular)
boum (genitive plural)
bovum (genitive plural)
boverum (genitive plural)
bovī (dative singular)
bōbus (dative plural)
būbus (dative plural)
bovibus (dative plural)
bovem (accusative singular)
bovēs (accusative plural)
bove (ablative singular)
bovīd (Old-Latin ablative singular)
bōbus (ablative plural)
būbus (ablative plural)
bovibus (ablative plural)
bōs (singular vocative)
bovēs (plural vocative)
bovis (alternative)
bus (alternative)

Balkan-Romance:

Aromanian: bou

Megleno-Romanian: bou

Romanian: bou

Dalmatian:

bu

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: boiu

Italian: bove, bue

Sicilian: voi

Padanian:

Emilian: beu, bò

Friulian: bo

Ligurian: beu

Lombard: beu, bò, (alpine) beuiv

Piedmontese: beu, bò

Romagnol: bò, bo

Romansch: bov

Venetan: bo

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Bourguignon: beu

Franco-Provençal: bôf

Bressan: bœuf

Savoyard: buef

Old French: buef

French: bœuf

→ English: beef

→ Portuguese: bife

→ Spanish: bife

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: bue, uei, buei

Catalan: bou

desctree

Old Occitan: bou, bueu
Auvergnat: beu, bueu
Gascon: buèu, bueu, beu, bieu, büu
Languedocien: buòu, biòu
Provençal: buou, bou
Vivaro-Alpine: buou

Ibero-Romance:

Old Leonese: buee

Asturian: bue, güe, buoi, buei, güei

Leonese: bué, boi, buei, güé, güei

Mirandese: bui

Old Galician-Portuguese: boi
Fala: boi
Galician: boi
Portuguese: boi

Old Spanish: buey
Ladino: buey
Spanish: buey

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: boe, foe, voe (Logudorese-Nuorese), boi (Campidanese), boi, boe (Logudorese-Nuorese) (Campidanese)

Borrowings:

→ Esperanto: bovo

Irregular, for the expected **vōs/**ūs, accusative **vom, oblique stem **vov-, from Proto-Italic *gʷōs, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws, which also gave Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Sanskrit गो (go) (nominative singular gaúḥ), and English cow.
Most likely a borrowing from Sabellic (Oscan-Umbrian), attested as Umbrian bum (acc.sg.), bue (abl.sg.), buo (gen.pl.), buf (acc.pl.) all spelling /bō-/. This was likely motivated by the fact that the expected form would have produced an undesirable homonymic clash: with vōs (“you”) in the nominative and with ovis (“sheep”) in the oblique. It's unclear whether the borrowing included the entire paradigm, or just the initial consonant.

Hoc iuncti boves, hoc paratus equus, hoc data arma denuntiant.

The yoked oxen, the harnessed steed, the gift of arms, proclaim this fact.

head of cattle (cow, bull, steer, or ox)


bison

la-noun

bisōn m (genitive bisōntis); third declension

bisōn (canonical masculine)
bisōntis (genitive)
bisōn (nominative singular)
bisōntēs (nominative plural)
bisōntis (genitive singular)
bisōntum (genitive plural)
bisōntī (dative singular)
bisōntibus (dative plural)
bisōntem (accusative singular)
bisōntēs (accusative plural)
bisōnte (ablative singular)
bisōntibus (ablative plural)
bisōn (singular vocative)
bisōntēs (plural vocative)

1st century; together with Ancient Greek βίσων (bísōn) (2nd century; cf. modern Greek βίσονας (vísonas)) borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wisundaz (“bison, wisent”).

bor

Bison bonasus
Bison bonasus#Translingual


ceva

la-noun

cēva f (genitive cēvae); first declension

cēva (canonical feminine)
cēvae (genitive)
cēva (nominative singular)
cēvae (nominative plural)
cēvae (genitive singular)
cēvārum (genitive plural)
cēvae (dative singular)
cēvīs (dative plural)
cēvam (accusative singular)
cēvās (accusative plural)
cēvā (ablative singular)
cēvīs (ablative plural)
cēva (singular vocative)
cēvae (plural vocative)


burra

burra f (genitive burrae); first declension

burrae (genitive)
burra (nominative singular)
burrae (nominative plural)
burrae (genitive singular)
burrārum (genitive plural)
burrae (dative singular)
burrīs (dative plural)
burram (accusative singular)
burrās (accusative plural)
burrā (ablative singular)
burrīs (ablative plural)
burra (singular vocative)
burrae (plural vocative)

Catalan: borra, ⇒ borró

Old French: boure, borre, *bure

French: bourre, bure

Galician: borra, burel

Italian: borra

Portuguese: borra, burel

Spanish: borra

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *burrio

Old French: bourjon

French: bourgeon

Middle English: burjon

English: burgeon

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *burrula

Catalan: borla

Galician: bolra

Italian: burla

Portuguese: borla

Spanish: borla

a shaggy garment
(Late Latin) (plural) trifles, nonsense

a shaggy garment
(plural) trifles, nonsense


urus

ūrus m (genitive ūrī); second declension

ūrus (canonical masculine)
ūrī (genitive)
ūrus (nominative singular)
ūrī (nominative plural)
ūrī (genitive singular)
ūrōrum (genitive plural)
ūrō (dative singular)
ūrīs (dative plural)
ūrum (accusative singular)
ūrōs (accusative plural)
ūrō (ablative singular)
ūrīs (ablative plural)
ūre (singular vocative)
ūrī (plural vocative)

→ Ancient Greek: οὖρος (oûros)

Catalan: ur

→ English: ure, urus

French: ure

Italian: uro

Portuguese: uro

Spanish: uro

According to Julius Caesar, of Celtic origin. Perhaps indirectly related to Proto-Germanic *ūraz.


vitellus

vitellus m (genitive vitellī); second declension

vitellī (genitive)
vitellus (nominative singular)
vitellī (nominative plural)
vitellī (genitive singular)
vitellōrum (genitive plural)
vitellō (dative singular)
vitellīs (dative plural)
vitellum (accusative singular)
vitellōs (accusative plural)
vitellō (ablative singular)
vitellīs (ablative plural)
vitelle (singular vocative)
vitellī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: yitsãl

Istro-Romanian: viţe, viţelu

Megleno-Romanian: vițǫl, vițal

Romanian: vițel

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: vitellu

Italian: vitello

→ Piedmontese: vitel

Neapolitan: vitiello, vetiello

desc

Sicilian: viteddu, vitieddu, vuteddu, vutiddu

Padanian:

Emilian: vdèl, vedèl, vidèl

Friulian: vidiel

Lombard: vedèl

Ossolano: vèl

Piedmontese: vèil, vèl ⇒ veilat

Romansch: vadè, vadel

Venetan: vedeło, vedel

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: vél, viô, viau, veûzh

Valdôtain: véil, vil

Old French: veel

French: veau

→ English: veal

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: vetiello

Belsetán: vetiecho

Vió: vetiello

Oriental: vediello

Ribagorçan: vediell, vedell

Catalan: vedell, videll

Occitan:

Auvergnat: vedèu

Gascon: vedèth, vetèth

Languedocien: vedèl, vodèl; vedèlh (meridional)

Limousin: vdèl, vdèu, vedéil, vedèl

Provençal: vedèu, vodèu

Vivaro-Alpine: vèu, vèl, vedèu, vedèl, vió

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: biteddu, bitedhu, bitellu, vitellu

Borrowings:

→ Portuguese: vitelo

→ Spanish: vitelo

[u̯ɪˈt̪ɛlːʲʊs̠]

From vitulus (“a bull calf”) + -ulus (“diminutive suffix”). Compare porcellus.


vitulus

la-noun

vitulus m (genitive vitulī); second declension

vitulī (genitive)
vitulus (nominative singular)
vitulī (nominative plural)
vitulī (genitive singular)
vitulōrum (genitive plural)
vitulō (dative singular)
vitulīs (dative plural)
vitulum (accusative singular)
vitulōs (accusative plural)
vitulō (ablative singular)
vitulīs (ablative plural)
vitule (singular vocative)
vitulī (plural vocative)
viclus (alternative)

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *vitlus, *viclus

Italian: vecchio

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *vituleus

Aromanian: vitulj, vituljiu

Romanian: vătui

Borrowings:

→ Portuguese: vítulo

→ Sicilian: Vìtulu (surname)

→ Italian: Vitolo (surname)

→ Spanish: vítulo

[ˈu̯ɪt̪ʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *wetelos, from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (“year”), same source as Ancient Greek ἔταλον (étalon), Albanian viç, English wether, Scots weddir, woddir, wadder (“wether”), Dutch weder, weer (“wether”), German Widder (“wether, ram”), Swedish vädur (“wether, ram”), Icelandic veður (“wether, ram”). See also Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλός (Ītalós).


bubalus

būbalus m (genitive būbalī); second declension

būbalus (canonical masculine)
būbalī (genitive)
būbalus (nominative singular)
būbalī (nominative plural)
būbalī (genitive singular)
būbalōrum (genitive plural)
būbalō (dative singular)
būbalīs (dative plural)
būbalum (accusative singular)
būbalōs (accusative plural)
būbalō (ablative singular)
būbalīs (ablative plural)
būbale (singular vocative)
būbalī (plural vocative)

Catalan: brúfol → búfal (learned)

Neapolitan: vufero

Old Italian: buffalo

Italian: bufalo

→ Old French: buffle

French: buffle

→ Middle High German: büffel

German: Büffel

→ Middle Low German: buffel

→ Danish: bøffel

→ Middle Dutch: buffel

Dutch: buffel

Afrikaans: buffel

Piedmontese: bùfer

Portuguese: búfalo

Romanian: bour

Sicilian: bùfalu

Spanish: búfalo

→ English: buffalo

Translingual: Bubalus

→ Catalan: búbal

→ Spanish: búbalo

→ English: bubale

→ Proto-Slavic: *byvolъ (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *büβal (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Irish: búaball

Irish: buabhall

[ˈbuːbäɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos, “buffalo”).


bonasus

la-noun

bonāsus m (genitive bonāsī); second declension

bonāsus (canonical masculine)
bonāsī (genitive)
bonāsus (nominative singular)
bonāsī (nominative plural)
bonāsī (genitive singular)
bonāsōrum (genitive plural)
bonāsō (dative singular)
bonāsīs (dative plural)
bonāsum (accusative singular)
bonāsōs (accusative plural)
bonāsō (ablative singular)
bonāsīs (ablative plural)
bonāse (singular vocative)
bonāsī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Bison bonasus, Rhinoptera bonasus, Bos bonasus

[bɔˈnäːs̠ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βόνᾱσος (bónāsos, “european bison”).

bor

A breed of bull in Poeonia (in Macedonia), with the hair of a horse, and with horns unfit for fighting.


iunix

la-noun

iūnīx f (genitive iūnīcis); third declension

iūnīx (canonical feminine)
iūnīcis (genitive)
iūnīx (nominative singular)
iūnīcēs (nominative plural)
iūnīcis (genitive singular)
iūnīcum (genitive plural)
iūnīcī (dative singular)
iūnīcibus (dative plural)
iūnīcem (accusative singular)
iūnīcēs (accusative plural)
iūnīce (ablative singular)
iūnīcibus (ablative plural)
iūnīx (singular vocative)
iūnīcēs (plural vocative)
jūnīx (alternative)

French: génisse

Norman: geniche

Occitan: junèga

Romanian: junincă, junice

Contraction of iuvenix, from iuvenis.
Per Trubachyov also akin to iūniperus (as Czech jalovice akin to jalovec).


bucula

būcula f (genitive būculae); first declension

būcula (canonical feminine)
būculae (genitive)
būcula (nominative singular)
būculae (nominative plural)
būculae (genitive singular)
būculārum (genitive plural)
būculae (dative singular)
būculīs (dative plural)
būculam (accusative singular)
būculās (accusative plural)
būculā (ablative singular)
būculīs (ablative plural)
būcula (singular vocative)
būculae (plural vocative)


forda

forda f (genitive fordae); first declension

fordae (genitive)
forda (nominative singular)
fordae (nominative plural)
fordae (genitive singular)
fordārum (genitive plural)
fordae (dative singular)
fordīs (dative plural)
fordam (accusative singular)
fordās (accusative plural)
fordā (ablative singular)
fordīs (ablative plural)
forda (singular vocative)
fordae (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *for(i)dā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-id-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- + Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ (forming in this case masculine nouns), thus the literal sense of "bearer (of the calf)".


vaccula

vaccula f (genitive vacculae); first declension

vacculae (genitive)
vaccula (nominative singular)
vacculae (nominative plural)
vacculae (genitive singular)
vacculārum (genitive plural)
vacculae (dative singular)
vacculīs (dative plural)
vacculam (accusative singular)
vacculās (accusative plural)
vacculā (ablative singular)
vacculīs (ablative plural)
vaccula (singular vocative)
vacculae (plural vocative)

[ˈu̯äkːʊɫ̪ä]

vacca (“cow”) + -ula (diminutive suffix).


buculus

la-noun

būculus m (genitive būculī); second declension

būculus (canonical masculine)
būculī (genitive)
būculus (nominative singular)
būculī (nominative plural)
būculī (genitive singular)
būculōrum (genitive plural)
būculō (dative singular)
būculīs (dative plural)
būculum (accusative singular)
būculōs (accusative plural)
būculō (ablative singular)
būculīs (ablative plural)
būcule (singular vocative)
būculī (plural vocative)
bōculus (alternative)

desctree

Old French: bugle
→ Middle English: bugle (through Anglo-Norman)
English: bugle
→ French: bugle
French: beugler

[ˈbuːkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

bōs (“cow”) + -culus (diminutive suffix)