flos

la-noun

flōs m (genitive flōris); third declension

flōs (canonical masculine)
flōris (genitive)
flōs (nominative singular)
flōrēs (nominative plural)
flōris (genitive singular)
flōrum (genitive plural)
flōrī (dative singular)
flōribus (dative plural)
flōrem (accusative singular)
flōrēs (accusative plural)
flōre (ablative singular)
flōribus (ablative plural)
flōs (singular vocative)
flōrēs (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: floari

Megleno-Romanian: floari

Romanian: floare

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: fiore

Italian: fiore

Neapolitan: sciore

Sicilian: ciuri

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: sciô

Lombard: fiuur, fiùu

Piedmontese: fior

Romagnol: fiôr

Friulian: flôr

Istriot: fiùr

desc

Romansch: flur, flura (Sursilvan), flour (Surmiran)

Venetan: fior

→? Dalmatian: fiaur

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: flor

Franco-Provençal: fllor

Gascon: hlor, ehlor, eslor

Old French: flor (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan: flor
Occitan: flor

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: flor

Asturian: flor

Extremaduran: frol

Mirandese: frol, flor

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: flor, fror, frol, *chor
Fala: flor
Galician: flor, fror, frol, chor
Portuguese: flor, fror, frol (archaic or dialectal), flôr (obsolete), fulô (Northeast Brazil, eye dialect)
Kabuverdianu: flor
Papiamentu: flor

Old Spanish: flor

Ladino: flor

Spanish: flor
→ English: flor

Borrowings:

→ Esperanto: floro
→ Ido: floro

→ Interlingua: flor

→ Swedish: flor

→ Translingual: Flos

→ Volapük: flor

A root noun interpreted as an s-stem noun, from Proto-Italic *flōs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-s (“flower, blossom”), from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”). Cognates include Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon), Gothic 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌼𐌰 (blōma) and Old English blōstm, blæd (“leaf”) (English blossom, blade).

der

ferte deae flōrēs: gaudet flōrentibus herbīs haec dea

Bring flowers for the goddess; this goddess takes pleasure in flowering plants.


rosa

la-noun

rosa f (genitive rosae); first declension

rosae (genitive)
rosa (nominative singular)
rosae (nominative plural)
rosae (genitive singular)
rosārum (genitive plural)
rosae (dative singular)
rosīs (dative plural)
rosam (accusative singular)
rosās (accusative plural)
rosā (ablative singular)
rosīs (ablative plural)
rosa (singular vocative)
rosae (plural vocative)

Gallo-Italic

Emilian: róśa

Ligurian: rêuza

Lombard: ròsa, rösa, ròs, roeusa

Piedmontese: reusa

Italo-Dalmatian

Dalmatian: ruosa

Istriot: roza

Italian: rosa

Sicilian: rosa

→ Maltese: roża

Old Occitan:

Catalan: rosa

Occitan: ròsa

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: rose

Romansch: rosa, rösa (Puter, Vallader)

Sardinian: rosa, arrosa

Venetan: ròxa

West Iberian

Aragonese: rosa

Asturian: rosa

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: rosa
Galician: rosa
Portuguese: rosa (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: rosa (semi-learned)

Spanish: rosa (see there for further descendants)

Ladino: roza / רוזה

Borrowings

→ Basque: arrosa

→ Old French: rose
Middle French: rose
French: rose (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle Dutch: rose
Dutch: rose
Norman: rose
Picard: rose
Walloon: rôze

→ German: rosa (“pink”) (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *rōsā (see there for further descendants)

→ Hungarian: rózsa

→ Middle Irish: rós (see there for further descendants)

→ Luxembourgish: rosa

→ Romanian: roză

→ Old Church Slavonic: рожа (roža)

→ Belarusian: ружа (ruža)

→ Bulgarian: роза (roza)

→ Czech: růže

→ Macedonian: роза (roza)

→ Polish: róża

→ Russian: ро́за (róza) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ruža / ружа

→ Slovak: ruža

→ Slovene: roža

→ Upper Sorbian: róža

→ Ukrainian: роза (roza)

→ Breton: roz

→ Cornish: ros

→ Dutch: roze

→ North Frisian: ruus

→ West Frisian: rôze

→ Ladino: roz

→ Lingala: roze

→ Lithuanian: rožė

→ Malay: ros

→ Northern Sami: ruvsu

→ Polish: róż

→ Rwanda-Rundi: iroza

→ Samogitian: ruožė

→ Silesian: rołza

→ Tongan: lose

→ Veps: ruza

→ Voro: roosa

→ Welsh: rhos

Probably derived from a variant of Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon), but some of the details remain mysterious. Possibly via another Italic language like Oscan, or alternatively via the Aeolic version of ῥοδέᾱ (rhodéā, “rose-bush”) which would have been *ῥοζά (*rhozá).

Proderit et tunsum gallae admiscere saporem / arentesque rosas […]

c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.267

It's good too to blend a taste of pounded oak-apples / and dry rose leaves […]

Inde etiam rosas effert, umbrarumque frigus non ingrato sole distinguit. Finito vario illo multiplicique curvamine recto limiti redditur nec huic uni, nam viae plures intercedentibus buxis dividuntur.

61 CE – c. 112 CE, Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 5

Farther on, there are roses too along the path, and the cool shade is pleasantly alternated with sunshine. Having passed through these manifold winding alleys, the path resumes a straight course, and at the same time divides into several tracks, separated by box hedges.
Even roses grow there, and the warmth of the sun is delightful as a change from the cool of the shade. When you come to the end of these various winding alleys, the boundary again runs straight, or should I say boundaries, for there are a number of paths with box shrubs between them.

Mea rosa.

Rosa!

Tu mihi rosa es.

(transferred sense, endearment) dear, rose, sweetheart, love; a word of endearment

transferred sense; endearment; transferred sense; endearment


lupinus

la-adj

lupīnus (feminine lupīna, neuter lupīnum); first/second-declension adjective

lupīnus (canonical)
lupīna (feminine)
lupīnum (neuter)
lupīnus (masculine nominative singular)
lupīna (feminine nominative singular)
lupīnum (neuter nominative singular)
lupīnī (masculine nominative plural)
lupīnae (feminine nominative plural)
lupīna (neuter nominative plural)
lupīnī (genitive masculine singular)
lupīnae (feminine genitive singular)
lupīnī (genitive neuter singular)
lupīnōrum (genitive masculine plural)
lupīnārum (feminine genitive plural)
lupīnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
lupīnō (dative masculine singular)
lupīnae (dative feminine singular)
lupīnō (dative neuter singular)
lupīnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lupīnum (accusative masculine singular)
lupīnam (accusative feminine singular)
lupīnum (accusative neuter singular)
lupīnōs (accusative masculine plural)
lupīnās (accusative feminine plural)
lupīna (accusative neuter plural)
lupīnō (ablative masculine singular)
lupīnā (ablative feminine singular)
lupīnō (ablative neuter singular)
lupīnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lupīne (masculine singular vocative)
lupīna (feminine singular vocative)
lupīnum (neuter singular vocative)
lupīnī (masculine plural vocative)
lupīnae (feminine plural vocative)
lupīna (neuter plural vocative)

[ɫ̪ʊˈpiːnʊs̠]


aconitum

la-noun

aconītum n (genitive aconītī); second declension

aconītum (canonical neuter)
aconītī (genitive)
aconītum (nominative singular)
aconīta (nominative plural)
aconītī (genitive singular)
aconītōrum (genitive plural)
aconītō (dative singular)
aconītīs (dative plural)
aconītum (accusative singular)
aconīta (accusative plural)
aconītō (ablative singular)
aconītīs (ablative plural)
aconītum (singular vocative)
aconīta (plural vocative)

English: aconite, aconitum

Esperanto: akonito

Ido: akonito

Italian: aconito

Portuguese: acônito

Russian: акони́т m (akonít)

Translingual: aconita, Aconitum

[äkɔˈniːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek ἀκόνιτον (akóniton, “wolf's bane”).

der

Any of the poisonous plants of the genus Aconitum; wolfsbane, monkshood, aconite.

A poison made from the poisonous plants of the genus Aconitum.


crocus

la-noun

crocus m (genitive crocī); second declension

crocī (genitive)
crocus (nominative singular)
crocī (nominative plural)
crocī (genitive singular)
crocōrum (genitive plural)
crocō (dative singular)
crocīs (dative plural)
crocum (accusative singular)
crocōs (accusative plural)
crocō (ablative singular)
crocīs (ablative plural)
croce (singular vocative)
crocī (plural vocative)

Old Occitan: gròc, gruèc

desctree

Catalan: groc
→? English: grog
→ Gallurese: grogu
→ Sardinian: grogu
→ Sassarese: grogu

Occitan: cròc

Galician: croque

Italian: croco

→ Catalan: crocus

→ Czech: krokus

→ Dutch: krokus

→ English: crocus

→ Finnish: krookus

→ French: crocus

→ German: Krokus

→ Icelandic: krókus

→ Norwegian: krokus

→ Polish: krokus

→ Portuguese: croco

→ Russian: кро́кус (krókus)

→ Slovene: krokus

→ Spanish: croco

→ Swedish: krokus

→ Translingual: Crocus

From Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus”).


narcissus

la-noun

narcissus m (genitive narcissī); second declension

narcissī (genitive)
narcissus (nominative singular)
narcissī (nominative plural)
narcissī (genitive singular)
narcissōrum (genitive plural)
narcissō (dative singular)
narcissīs (dative plural)
narcissum (accusative singular)
narcissōs (accusative plural)
narcissō (ablative singular)
narcissīs (ablative plural)
narcisse (singular vocative)
narcissī (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek νάρκισσος (nárkissos).


alium

ālium n (genitive āliī or ālī); second declension

ālium (canonical neuter)
āliī (genitive)
ālī (genitive)
ālium (nominative singular)
ālia (nominative plural)
āliī (genitive singular)
ālī (genitive singular)
āliōrum (genitive plural)
āliō (dative singular)
āliīs (dative plural)
ālium (accusative singular)
ālia (accusative plural)
āliō (ablative singular)
āliīs (ablative plural)
ālium (singular vocative)
ālia (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: alj, aljiu

Megleno-Romanian: al'

Romanian: ai

Gallo-Italic

Ligurian: aggio

Piedmontese: aj

Romagnol: àj

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: aglia

Dalmatian: ail, alj, agl, aill

Italian: aglio

Neapolitan: aglio

Tarantino: aglie

Sicilian: agghia

Old French:

desctree

French: ail
Haitian Creole: lay (from l’ail)
Mauritian Creole: lay (from l’ail)
Moore: lay (from l’ail)

Picard: al

Walloon: a

Old Occitan:

Catalan: all

Occitan: alh

Rhaeto-Romance

Friulian: ai

Romansch: agl

Sardinian: àllu, azu

Campidanese: allu

Venetan: ajo

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: allo

Asturian: ayu

Old Galician-Portuguese: alho
Galician: allo
Portuguese: alho (see there for further descendants)

Spanish: ajo (see there for further descendants)

Unknown according to de Vaan (2008). May be connected to āla (“wing”), on the image of the garlic bulb being divided into "wings"; for a similar derivation from garlic being "cloven" cf. the etymology of German Knoblauch (“garlic”). It has also been compared with the Greek gloss of ἄλλην (állēn) as 'vegetables' "among the Italians", which may stem from another Italic language, and if so, has no direct bearing on the etymological consideration of Latin ālium.
Based only on the form allium, Kroonen (2012) suggests that it may be a borrowing from the root of Ancient Greek ἄγλις (áglis), specifically via a byform *adlī-. See the Ancient Greek entry for more.
According to Roberts, from Proto-Indo-European *ālu- (“bitter plant”).

unk

Unknown


cepa

la-noun

cēpa f (genitive cēpae); first declension

cēpa (canonical feminine)
cēpae (genitive)
cēpa (nominative singular)
cēpae (nominative plural)
cēpae (genitive singular)
cēpārum (genitive plural)
cēpae (dative singular)
cēpīs (dative plural)
cēpam (accusative singular)
cēpās (accusative plural)
cēpā (ablative singular)
cēpīs (ablative plural)
cēpa (singular vocative)
cēpae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: tseapã

Romanian: ceapă

→ Albanian: qepë

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: ceba

Occitan: ceba

Old French: cive (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

→⇒ English: cepaceous

→ Old English: ciepe

A borrowing from an unknown, possibly Anatolian source, cf. Hesychian Ancient Greek κάπια (kápia, “onions”) claimed for Ceryneia and the complex of Arabic قُبَّعَة (qubbaʕa, “bulbous hat”). Given the borrowing of Proto-Slavic *lukъ (“onion”), it is probable that the Italians at the date of their expansion also only knew ramsons, as a kind of ālium. At least it is known that spring onion was only introduced in the modern period from China, while the bulb onion is also Asiatic, such that ancient Africa knew the cultivated onion only in the north, by generic names like Egyptian ḥḏw, it having expanded beyond the Great Desert only by the Arabs under their name بَصَل (baṣal).

unk

unknown


lotus

la-noun

lōtus m (genitive lōtī); second declension

lōtus (canonical masculine)
lōtī (genitive)
lōtus (nominative singular)
lōtī (nominative plural)
lōtī (genitive singular)
lōtōrum (genitive plural)
lōtō (dative singular)
lōtīs (dative plural)
lōtum (accusative singular)
lōtōs (accusative plural)
lōtō (ablative singular)
lōtīs (ablative plural)
lōte (singular vocative)
lōtī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Lotus

Italian: loto

Variant form of lōtos, from Ancient Greek λωτός (lōtós).

[ˈɫ̪oːt̪ʊs̠]

Diospyros lotus
Diospyros lotus#Translingual


papilla

papilla f (genitive papillae); first declension

papillae (genitive)
papilla (nominative singular)
papillae (nominative plural)
papillae (genitive singular)
papillārum (genitive plural)
papillae (dative singular)
papillīs (dative plural)
papillam (accusative singular)
papillās (accusative plural)
papillā (ablative singular)
papillīs (ablative plural)
papilla (singular vocative)
papillae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: papil·la

→ English: papilla

→ Finnish: papilli

→ French: papille

→ Italian: papilla

→ Portuguese: papila

→ Serbo-Croatian: папѝла (papìla)

→ Sicilian: papiḍḍa

→ Spanish: papila

From papula (“a pustule, pimple”) + -la (diminutive nominal suffix).

af

(anatomy) a nipple, teat on the breast of human beings and of animals


gladiolus

la-noun

gladiolus m (genitive gladiolī); second declension

gladiolī (genitive)
gladiolus (nominative singular)
gladiolī (nominative plural)
gladiolī (genitive singular)
gladiolōrum (genitive plural)
gladiolō (dative singular)
gladiolīs (dative plural)
gladiolum (accusative singular)
gladiolōs (accusative plural)
gladiolō (ablative singular)
gladiolīs (ablative plural)
gladiole (singular vocative)
gladiolī (plural vocative)

Catalan: garitjol, → gladiol (learned)

→ English: gladiolus

French: glaïeul

→ German: Gladiole

Italian: giaggiolo

Occitan: glaujòl

→ Norwegian: gladiolus

[ɡɫ̪äˈd̪iɔɫ̪ʊs̠]

Diminutive of gladius (“sword”) + -olus.


orchis

orchis f (genitive orchis); third declension

orchis (genitive)
orchis (nominative singular)
orchēs (nominative plural)
orchis (genitive singular)
orchium (genitive plural)
orchī (dative singular)
orchibus (dative plural)
orchem (accusative singular)
orchēs (accusative plural)
orchīs (accusative plural)
orche (ablative singular)
orchibus (ablative plural)
orchis (singular vocative)
orchēs (plural vocative)

→ English: orchis

→ Translingual: Orchis

⇒ New Latin: Orchideae, Orchidaceae

→ Albanian: orkide

→ Catalan: orquídia

→ Czech: orchidea, orchidej

→ English: orchid

→ Finnish: orkidea

desctree

→ French: orchidée
→ German: Orchidee
→ Dutch: orchidee
→ Estonian: orhidee
→ Malagasy: orkide
→ Norwegian: orkidé
→ Romanian: orhidee
→ Swedish: orkidé
→ Turkish: orkide

→ Galician: orquídea

→ Greek: ορχιδέα (orchidéa)

→ Hungarian: orchidea

→ Italian: orchidea

→ Lithuanian: orchidėja

→ Macedonian: орхидеја (orhideja)

→ Polish: orchidea

→ Portuguese: orquídea

→ Russian: орхиде́я (orxidéja)

→ Serbo-Croatian: орхидеја (orhideja)

→ Slovene: orhideja

→ Spanish: orquídea

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὄρχις (órkhis, “testicle, ovary, orchid”).


ranunculus

la-noun

rānunculus m (genitive rānunculī); second declension

rānunculus (canonical masculine)
rānunculī (genitive)
rānunculus (nominative singular)
rānunculī (nominative plural)
rānunculī (genitive singular)
rānunculōrum (genitive plural)
rānunculō (dative singular)
rānunculīs (dative plural)
rānunculum (accusative singular)
rānunculōs (accusative plural)
rānunculō (ablative singular)
rānunculīs (ablative plural)
rānuncule (singular vocative)
rānunculī (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: ranuncle (learned)

→ Dutch: ranonkel (learned)

→ English: ranunculus (learned)

→ French: renoncule (learned)

→ Galician: ranúnculo (learned)

→ Italian: ranuncolo (learned)

→ Portuguese: ranúnculo (learned)

Sicilian: ranunchiu, larunchiu

desc

Spanish: renacuajo, → ranúnculo (learned)

→ Translingual: Ranunculus (learned)

[räːˈnʊŋkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From rāna (“frog”) + -unculus (diminutive suffix). An irregularly formed diminutive in several ways: the ending -unculus was rarely used as a suffix, more often appearing when the diminutive suffix -culus is added to a stem ending in /n/, and the gender of a Latin diminutive usually is the same as that of the base word, but in this case changes from feminine to masculine. See also rānula, another diminutive from rāna.


lotos

la-noun

lōtos f or m (genitive lōtī); second declension

lōtos (canonical feminine masculine)
lōtī (genitive)
lōtos (nominative singular)
lōtī (nominative plural)
lōtī (genitive singular)
lōtōrum (genitive plural)
lōtō (dative singular)
lōtīs (dative plural)
lōton (accusative singular)
lōtōs (accusative plural)
lōtō (ablative singular)
lōtīs (ablative plural)
lōte (singular vocative)
lōtī (plural vocative)

[ˈɫ̪oːt̪ɔs̠]

The Egyptian lotus flower, Nymphaea caerulea


pithecium

pithēcium n (genitive pithēciī or pithēcī); second declension

pithēcium (canonical neuter)
pithēciī (genitive)
pithēcī (genitive)
pithēcium (nominative singular)
pithēcia (nominative plural)
pithēciī (genitive singular)
pithēcī (genitive singular)
pithēciōrum (genitive plural)
pithēciō (dative singular)
pithēciīs (dative plural)
pithēcium (accusative singular)
pithēcia (accusative plural)
pithēciō (ablative singular)
pithēciīs (ablative plural)
pithēcium (singular vocative)
pithēcia (plural vocative)

[pɪˈt̪ʰeːkiʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek πιθήκιον (pithḗkion).

a kind of flower, possibly monkey-flower (Mimulus) or snapdragon (Antirrhinum)


paeonia

paeōnia f (genitive paeōniae); first declension

paeōnia (canonical feminine)
paeōniae (genitive)
paeōnia (nominative singular)
paeōniae (nominative plural)
paeōniae (genitive singular)
paeōniārum (genitive plural)
paeōniae (dative singular)
paeōniīs (dative plural)
paeōniam (accusative singular)
paeōniās (accusative plural)
paeōniā (ablative singular)
paeōniīs (ablative plural)
paeōnia (singular vocative)
paeōniae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: peònia (learned)

→ Danish: pæon

→ Old English: peonia

Middle English: peonie

English: peony

Old French: pyoine

desctree

French: pivoine
→⇒ Czech: pivoňka
→ Polish: piwonia (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Dutch: pionie

Dutch: pioen

→ German: Päonie

→ Italian: peonia (learned)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: peon, pion

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: peon, pion

→ Polish: peonia

→ Portuguese: peónia, peônia (learned)

→ Spanish: peonía (learned)

→ Swedish: pion
→ Finnish: pioni

→ Translingual: Paeonia

From Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía, “peony”), from Ancient Greek Παιών (Paiṓn, “Paean, the physician of the gods”), related to παιών (paiṓn, “a physician”).


heroum

la-noun

hērōum n (genitive hērōī); second declension

hērōum (canonical neuter)
hērōī (genitive)
hērōum (nominative singular)
hērōa (nominative plural)
hērōī (genitive singular)
hērōōrum (genitive plural)
hērōō (dative singular)
hērōīs (dative plural)
hērōum (accusative singular)
hērōa (accusative plural)
hērōō (ablative singular)
hērōīs (ablative plural)
hērōum (singular vocative)
hērōa (plural vocative)

As an adjective, regularly declined forms of the adjective hērōus; as a noun, a substantivisation of the neuter forms of the adjective hērōus.

[heːˈroːʊ̃ˑ]


bellis

bellis f (genitive bellidis); third declension

bellidis (genitive)
bellis (nominative singular)
bellidēs (nominative plural)
bellidis (genitive singular)
bellidum (genitive plural)
bellidī (dative singular)
bellidibus (dative plural)
bellidem (accusative singular)
bellidēs (accusative plural)
bellide (ablative singular)
bellidibus (ablative plural)
bellis (singular vocative)
bellidēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Bellis


ruscum

rūscum n (genitive rūscī); second declension

rūscum (canonical neuter)
rūscī (genitive)
rūscum (nominative singular)
rūsca (nominative plural)
rūscī (genitive singular)
rūscōrum (genitive plural)
rūscō (dative singular)
rūscīs (dative plural)
rūscum (accusative singular)
rūsca (accusative plural)
rūscō (ablative singular)
rūscīs (ablative plural)
rūscum (singular vocative)
rūsca (plural vocative)

Catalan: rusco

Istriot: rusca

Italian: rusco

Neapolitan: rusco

Occitan: brusc m, brusca f

→ French: brusc

Portuguese: rusco

Spanish: rusco, brusco

Venetan: rusco, rosco

→ Albanian: rushk

→ Greek: μπρούσκος (broúskos)

→? Proto-West Germanic: *ruskijā (see there for further descendants)

[ˈruːs̠kʊ̃ˑ]

Unknown; Late Latin forms possibly contaminated by *brūcus (“heather”).

Ruscus aculeatus
Ruscus aculeatus#Translingual


caltha

caltha f (genitive calthae); first declension

calthae (genitive)
caltha (nominative singular)
calthae (nominative plural)
calthae (genitive singular)
calthārum (genitive plural)
calthae (dative singular)
calthīs (dative plural)
caltham (accusative singular)
calthās (accusative plural)
calthā (ablative singular)
calthīs (ablative plural)
caltha (singular vocative)
calthae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Romanian: calce (uncertain but likely)

Italian: calta

Old Spanish:

Spanish: calta

→ French: caltha

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *calthinus

desc

→ Albanian: kaltër, kaltë, kaltën, kaltërt

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κάλαθος (kálathos), καλθε (kalthe, “yellow flower”), later “goblet” (because of its shape), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“gleam, yellow”).


cepulla

la-noun

cēpulla f (genitive cēpullae); first declension

cēpulla (canonical feminine)
cēpullae (genitive)
cēpulla (nominative singular)
cēpullae (nominative plural)
cēpullae (genitive singular)
cēpullārum (genitive plural)
cēpullae (dative singular)
cēpullīs (dative plural)
cēpullam (accusative singular)
cēpullās (accusative plural)
cēpullā (ablative singular)
cēpullīs (ablative plural)
cēpulla (singular vocative)
cēpullae (plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

capula, capul, capuola, capaula

Italo-Romance:

Italian: cipolla

→ Slavomolisano: čipula

Neapolitan: cepolla, cepodda

Sicilian: cipudda

Calabrese: cipuja, cipura

North Italian:

desc

Emilian: sigula, sigòla, sivòla, scigula, sgula, svòla

Friulian: civole, cevole

Ligurian: çiòula, çevolla, çèula, çeolla, çiòla

Lombard: sigola, scigola, higola, sìgola

Piedmontese: siola, sciola, sigola, sivola

Romagnol: sòla, suòla

Romansch: tschagula, tschaguola, tschavola, tschiguolla

Venetan: séoła, ségoła, séola, zéoła, ziola, zhéoła, zivola — Fiumano

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: cevôla (“scallion”), ceôla (“onion”)

Valdôtain: çòula, çaule

Old Northern French: chibole

desctree

→ Middle English: chibolle, chebolle, chiboll, chibol, chesbolle
English: cibol, chibol
Scots: sybol

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: cibolla (“onionweed”) (Balearic)

⇒ Catalan: ceboller (“mole cricket”)

Old Occitan: cebola, cibola

→ French: ciboule

Occitan: cebola (“scallion”)

Auvergnat: cebola (“onion”)

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: cebolla

Old Galician-Portuguese: cebola
Fala: cebola
Galician: cebola
Portuguese: cebola (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: cebolla
Ladino: sevoya
Spanish: cebolla (see there for further descendants)

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: chibudda

→ Basque: tipula

→ Belarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)

→ Czech: cibule

→ Proto-West Germanic: *cibollā (see there for further descendants)

→ Polish: cebula (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̀пула/kàpula

→ Slovak: cibuľa

→ Slovene: čebula

From less common cēpula + -la or syncopated -ula, cēpula itself being cēpa (“onion”) + -ula, that makes cēpa + -ula + -la or cēpa + -ula + -ula.


balaustium

la-noun

balaustium n (genitive balaustiī or balaustī); second declension

balaustiī (genitive)
balaustī (genitive)
balaustium (nominative singular)
balaustia (nominative plural)
balaustiī (genitive singular)
balaustī (genitive singular)
balaustiōrum (genitive plural)
balaustiō (dative singular)
balaustiīs (dative plural)
balaustium (accusative singular)
balaustia (accusative plural)
balaustiō (ablative singular)
balaustiīs (ablative plural)
balaustium (singular vocative)
balaustia (plural vocative)

Italian: balaustro, balaustre

→ Middle French: balustre

French: balustre

→ Catalan: balustre

→ German: Baluster

→ Serbo-Croatian: (or directly from Italian)

Cyrillic script: ба̀лустар

Latin script: bàlustar

→ Macedonian: балустер (baluster)

→ English: baluster

⇒ Italian: balaustrata

→ French: balustrade

→ Belarusian: балюстра́да (baljustráda)

→ Bulgarian: балюстра́да (baljustráda)

→ Czech: balustráda

→ German: Balustrade

→ English: balustrade

→ Macedonian: балустрада (balustrada)

→ Polish: balustrada

→ Russian: балюстра́да (baljustráda)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: балустра́да

Latin script: balustráda

→ Slovak: balustráda

→ Slovene: balustráda

Via Ancient Greek βαλαύστιον (balaústion) from Semitic, related to Imperial Aramaic 𐡁𐡀𐡋𐡀𐡈 (bʾlʾṭ, “pomegranate shoot”), Classical Syriac ܒܠܳܨܳܐ (blāṣā, “pomegranate shoot”).


antirrhinon

la-noun

antirrhīnon n (genitive antirrhīnī); second declension

antirrhīnon (canonical neuter)
antirrhīnī (genitive)
antirrhīnon (nominative singular)
antirrhīna (nominative plural)
antirrhīnī (genitive singular)
antirrhīnōrum (genitive plural)
antirrhīnō (dative singular)
antirrhīnīs (dative plural)
antirrhīnon (accusative singular)
antirrhīna (accusative plural)
antirrhīnō (ablative singular)
antirrhīnīs (ablative plural)
antirrhīnon (singular vocative)
antirrhīna (plural vocative)

Translingual: Antirrhinum

English: antirrhinum

?Italian: antirrino

From the Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ρρῑνον (antírrhīnon, “calf’s snout”).

der

ᾰ̓ντῐ́ρρῑνον

snapdragon, antirrhinum, lion’s mouth, lion’s snap, calf’s snout (any plant of the genus Antirrhinum)


ianthis

la-noun

ianthis f (genitive ianthidis); third declension

ianthidis (genitive)
ianthis (nominative singular)
ianthidēs (nominative plural)
ianthidis (genitive singular)
ianthidum (genitive plural)
ianthidī (dative singular)
ianthidibus (dative plural)
ianthidem (accusative singular)
ianthidēs (accusative plural)
ianthide (ablative singular)
ianthidibus (ablative plural)
ianthis (singular vocative)
ianthidēs (plural vocative)


adonium

adōnium n (genitive adōniī or adōnī); second declension

adōnium (canonical neuter)
adōniī (genitive)
adōnī (genitive)
adōnium (nominative singular)
adōnia (nominative plural)
adōniī (genitive singular)
adōnī (genitive singular)
adōniōrum (genitive plural)
adōniō (dative singular)
adōniīs (dative plural)
adōnium (accusative singular)
adōnia (accusative plural)
adōniō (ablative singular)
adōniīs (ablative plural)
adōnium (singular vocative)
adōnia (plural vocative)

[äˈd̪oːniʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek Ἀδώνιος (Adṓnios, “of Adonis”) and Ἄδωνις (Ádōnis, “Adonis”). The meaning referring to a plant is a misreading in Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia. The meaning referring to meter, μέτρον (métron, “meter”) Ἀδώνιον (Adṓnion), reportedly named for its use in the festival of Adonis.

der

(grammar, meter, verse) a Adonic verse, a verse composed of a dactyl and spondee


crinon

la-noun

crinon n (genitive crinī); second declension

crinī (genitive)
crinon (nominative singular)
crina (nominative plural)
crinī (genitive singular)
crinōrum (genitive plural)
crinō (dative singular)
crinīs (dative plural)
crinon (accusative singular)
crina (accusative plural)
crinō (ablative singular)
crinīs (ablative plural)
crinon (singular vocative)
crina (plural vocative)


rhoeas

rhoeas f (genitive rhoeadis); third declension

rhoeadis (genitive)
rhoeas (nominative singular)
rhoeadēs (nominative plural)
rhoeadis (genitive singular)
rhoeadum (genitive plural)
rhoeadī (dative singular)
rhoeadibus (dative plural)
rhoeadem (accusative singular)
rhoeadēs (accusative plural)
rhoeade (ablative singular)
rhoeadibus (ablative plural)
rhoeas (singular vocative)
rhoeadēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Papaver rhoeas

From Ancient Greek ῥοιάς (rhoiás), which could be from ῥέω (rhéō, “I flow, run”) or a Pre-Greek loan.


tiphyon

tiphyon n (genitive tiphyī); second declension

tiphyī (genitive)
tiphyon (nominative singular)
tiphya (nominative plural)
tiphyī (genitive singular)
tiphyōrum (genitive plural)
tiphyō (dative singular)
tiphyīs (dative plural)
tiphyon (accusative singular)
tiphya (accusative plural)
tiphyō (ablative singular)
tiphyīs (ablative plural)
tiphyon (singular vocative)
tiphya (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τίφυον (típhuon).


gludis

gludis f (genitive gludis); third declension

gludis (genitive)
gludis (nominative singular)
gludēs (nominative plural)
gludis (genitive singular)
gludium (genitive plural)
gludī (dative singular)
gludibus (dative plural)
gludem (accusative singular)
gludēs (accusative plural)
gludīs (accusative plural)
glude (ablative singular)
gludibus (ablative plural)
gludis (singular vocative)
gludēs (plural vocative)

[ˈɡɫ̪ʊd̪ɪs̠]


ortyx

ortyx f (genitive ortygis); third declension

ortygis (genitive)
ortyx (nominative singular)
ortygēs (nominative plural)
ortygis (genitive singular)
ortygum (genitive plural)
ortygī (dative singular)
ortygibus (dative plural)
ortygem (accusative singular)
ortygēs (accusative plural)
ortyge (ablative singular)
ortygibus (ablative plural)
ortyx (singular vocative)
ortygēs (plural vocative)


amellus

amellus m (genitive amellī); second declension

amellī (genitive)
amellus (nominative singular)
amellī (nominative plural)
amellī (genitive singular)
amellōrum (genitive plural)
amellō (dative singular)
amellīs (dative plural)
amellum (accusative singular)
amellōs (accusative plural)
amellō (ablative singular)
amellīs (ablative plural)
amelle (singular vocative)
amellī (plural vocative)

Michaelmas daisy
Michaelmas daisy#English

Aster amellus
Aster amellus#Translingual

The purple Italian starwort or Michaelmas daisy (Aster amellus)


petilium

petīlium n (genitive petīliī or petīlī); second declension

petīlium (canonical neuter)
petīliī (genitive)
petīlī (genitive)
petīlium (nominative singular)
petīlia (nominative plural)
petīliī (genitive singular)
petīlī (genitive singular)
petīliōrum (genitive plural)
petīliō (dative singular)
petīliīs (dative plural)
petīlium (accusative singular)
petīlia (accusative plural)
petīliō (ablative singular)
petīliīs (ablative plural)
petīlium (singular vocative)
petīlia (plural vocative)

[pɛˈt̪iːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]


vibones

vibōnēs m pl (genitive vibōnum); third declension

vibōnēs (canonical masculine plural)
vibōnum (genitive)
vibōnēs (nominative plural)
vibōnum (genitive plural)
vibōnibus (dative plural)
vibōnēs (accusative plural)
vibōnibus (ablative plural)
vibōnēs (plural vocative)

the flowers of a plant called britannica


brisco

briscō m (genitive briscōnis); third declension

briscō (canonical masculine)
briscōnis (genitive)
briscō (nominative singular)
briscōnēs (nominative plural)
briscōnis (genitive singular)
briscōnum (genitive plural)
briscōnī (dative singular)
briscōnibus (dative plural)
briscōnem (accusative singular)
briscōnēs (accusative plural)
briscōne (ablative singular)
briscōnibus (ablative plural)
briscō (singular vocative)
briscōnēs (plural vocative)

Old French: fresgon

Middle French: fresgon, fregon, fragon

French: fragon

Occitan:

Languedocien: bresegon

From brīscus, brūscus, from earlier rūscus, rūscum (“butcher's broom”), perhaps contaminated by *brūcus (“heather”).

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) butcher's broom (Ruscus aculeatus)