cotyla

cotyla f (genitive cotylae); first declension

cotylae (genitive)
cotyla (nominative singular)
cotylae (nominative plural)
cotylae (genitive singular)
cotylārum (genitive plural)
cotylae (dative singular)
cotylīs (dative plural)
cotylam (accusative singular)
cotylās (accusative plural)
cotylā (ablative singular)
cotylīs (ablative plural)
cotyla (singular vocative)
cotylae (plural vocative)

Aromanian: ciuturã

Italian: ciotola

Megleno-Romanian: ciutură

desctree

Romanian: ciutură, citură — archaic, rare
(some are from Aromanian)
→ Albanian: çotrë, çutrë, çuturë, çutër (obsolete)
→ Bulgarian: чу́тура (čútura), чо́тра (čótra), чо́тура (čótura)
→ Czech: čutora
→ Gagauz:
Cyrillic script: чотра
Latin script: çotra
→ Greek: τσότρα (tsótra), τσιότρα (tsiótra)
→ Hungarian: csutora
→ Macedonian: чутура (čutura), чотра (čotra) — Drama dialect
→ Romanian: ciutură
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: чу̀тура
Latin script: čùtura
→ Slovak: čutora
→ Slovene: čútara
→ Ottoman Turkish: چوتوره (çotura), چوتره (çotura, çotra)
Turkish: çotra
→ Ukrainian: чуто́ра (čutóra), чіту́ра (čitúra) (Transcarpathian, archaic)

Sicilian: ciòtula

→ English: cotyle, cotyla

From Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup, half-pint”).

der

[…] Plantis etiam stercus das. Da etiam urinam, sodes: per quam earum febrem iudices. Stercus in illis ais esse modicum, & siccum. Iccirco bene olere. Etiamne Ballotae, aut Marrubium? Etiamne Spathula, quae a foetore cognomen adepta est? Etiamne illa, cui teterrimum obodorem, teterrima voce (auribus sit honor) à muliebribus pudendis, & eorum opere, duo nomina indiderunt? Ut omittam Cotulam, & alias multas. At, opinor, Arundines Moscho excellentius olent: quia parum in eis stercoris est, atque id siccum. Cantharides quia siccae non sunt, malè olent.

1557, Julius Caesar Scaliger, Exotericarum exercitationum liber XV. De Subtilitate ad Hieronymum Cardanum, Frankfurt, published 1582, page 675:

(New Latin) stinking chamomile (Anthemis cotula), an annual weed of strong, bitter, and disagreeable taste used in small quantities in infusions its for diaphoretic, stimulating, and tonic effects


scarus

la-noun

scarus m (genitive scarī); second declension

scarī (genitive)
scarus (nominative singular)
scarī (nominative plural)
scarī (genitive singular)
scarōrum (genitive plural)
scarō (dative singular)
scarīs (dative plural)
scarum (accusative singular)
scarōs (accusative plural)
scarō (ablative singular)
scarīs (ablative plural)
scare (singular vocative)
scarī (plural vocative)

→ French: scare

Italian: scaro

Portuguese: escaro

Spanish: escaro

→ Translingual: Scarus


serpula

serpula f (genitive serpulae); first declension

serpulae (genitive)
serpula (nominative singular)
serpulae (nominative plural)
serpulae (genitive singular)
serpulārum (genitive plural)
serpulae (dative singular)
serpulīs (dative plural)
serpulam (accusative singular)
serpulās (accusative plural)
serpulā (ablative singular)
serpulīs (ablative plural)
serpula (singular vocative)
serpulae (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠ɛrpʊɫ̪ä]

From serpō (“crawl”).
Seems to end in the diminutive suffix -ula and function as a diminutive of serpēns (“serpent, snake”), although not directly built on the latter's stem.


attagen

attagēn m (genitive attagēnis); third declension

attagēn (canonical masculine)
attagēnis (genitive)
attagēn (nominative singular)
attagēnēs (nominative plural)
attagēnis (genitive singular)
attagēnum (genitive plural)
attagēnī (dative singular)
attagēnibus (dative plural)
attagēnem (accusative singular)
attagēnēs (accusative plural)
attagēne (ablative singular)
attagēnibus (ablative plural)
attagēn (singular vocative)
attagēnēs (plural vocative)

English: attagen

[ˈät̪ːäɡeːn]

[ˈät̪ːäd͡ʒen]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ττᾰγήν (ăttăgḗn).

A type of ground bird, probably a partridge or francolin.


spartum

spartum n (genitive spartī); second declension

spartī (genitive)
spartum (nominative singular)
sparta (nominative plural)
spartī (genitive singular)
spartōrum (genitive plural)
spartō (dative singular)
spartīs (dative plural)
spartum (accusative singular)
sparta (accusative plural)
spartō (ablative singular)
spartīs (ablative plural)
spartum (singular vocative)
sparta (plural vocative)

Italian: sparto

Catalan: espart

Galician: esparto

Spanish: esparto

→ English: esparto

→ French: sparte

From Ancient Greek σπάρτον (spárton, “rope, cable”).


daucum

la-noun

daucum n (genitive daucī); second declension

daucī (genitive)
daucum (nominative singular)
dauca (nominative plural)
daucī (genitive singular)
daucōrum (genitive plural)
daucō (dative singular)
daucīs (dative plural)
daucum (accusative singular)
dauca (accusative plural)
daucō (ablative singular)
daucīs (ablative plural)
daucum (singular vocative)
dauca (plural vocative)

[ˈd̪äu̯kʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek δαῦκον (daûkon), a variation of δαῦκος (daûkos).

several plants of the parsnip or carrot kind, often used in medicine


trochilus

trochilus m (genitive trochilī); second declension

trochilī (genitive)
trochilus (nominative singular)
trochilī (nominative plural)
trochilī (genitive singular)
trochilōrum (genitive plural)
trochilō (dative singular)
trochilīs (dative plural)
trochilum (accusative singular)
trochilōs (accusative plural)
trochilō (ablative singular)
trochilīs (ablative plural)
trochile (singular vocative)
trochilī (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪rɔkʰɪɫ̪ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τροχίλος (trokhílos), from τρέχω (trékhō).


arcionem

arciōnem (canonical masculine)
/arˈt͡ʃoni/ (nominative plural)
/arˈt͡ʃone/ (oblique singular)
/arˈt͡ʃones/ (oblique plural)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: arcione

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: arçó

Old French: arçon, archon (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: arçon

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: arçon

Galician: arzón

Portuguese: arção

Old Spanish: arzon, arçon

Spanish: arzón

From Latin arcus (“bow”) + -iōnem (diminutive ending).


myxum

la-noun

myxum n (genitive myxī); second declension

myxī (genitive)
myxum (nominative singular)
myxa (nominative plural)
myxī (genitive singular)
myxōrum (genitive plural)
myxō (dative singular)
myxīs (dative plural)
myxum (accusative singular)
myxa (accusative plural)
myxō (ablative singular)
myxīs (ablative plural)
myxum (singular vocative)
myxa (plural vocative)


ormenos

ormenos m (genitive ormenī); second declension

ormenī (genitive)
ormenos (nominative singular)
ormenī (nominative plural)
ormenī (genitive singular)
ormenōrum (genitive plural)
ormenō (dative singular)
ormenīs (dative plural)
ormenon (accusative singular)
ormenōs (accusative plural)
ormenō (ablative singular)
ormenīs (ablative plural)
ormene (singular vocative)
ormenī (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὄρμενος (órmenos, “shoot, sprout”).


rallus

la-adj

rallus (feminine ralla, neuter rallum); first/second-declension adjective

ralla (feminine)
rallum (neuter)
rallus (masculine nominative singular)
ralla (feminine nominative singular)
rallum (neuter nominative singular)
rallī (masculine nominative singular)
rallae (feminine nominative plural)
ralla (neuter nominative plural)
rallī (genitive masculine singular)
rallae (feminine genitive singular)
rallī (genitive neuter singular)
rallōrum (genitive masculine singular)
rallārum (feminine genitive plural)
rallōrum (genitive neuter plural)
rallō (dative masculine singular)
rallae (dative feminine singular)
rallō (dative neuter singular)
rallīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
rallum (accusative masculine singular)
rallam (accusative feminine singular)
rallum (accusative neuter singular)
rallōs (accusative masculine singular)
rallās (accusative feminine plural)
ralla (accusative neuter plural)
rallō (ablative masculine singular)
rallā (ablative feminine singular)
rallō (ablative neuter singular)
rallīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
ralle (masculine singular vocative)
ralla (feminine singular vocative)
rallum (neuter singular vocative)
rallī (masculine singular vocative)
rallae (feminine plural vocative)
ralla (neuter plural vocative)


turdus

la-noun

turdus m (genitive turdī); second declension

turdī (genitive)
turdus (nominative singular)
turdī (nominative plural)
turdī (genitive singular)
turdōrum (genitive plural)
turdō (dative singular)
turdīs (dative plural)
turdum (accusative singular)
turdōs (accusative plural)
turdō (ablative singular)
turdīs (ablative plural)
turde (singular vocative)
turdī (plural vocative)

Aromanian: sturdzu, strudz

Asturian: tordu

Catalan: tord

⇒ English: turdine, turdiform

Friulian: dordei

Galician: tordo

Italian: tordo

Occitan: tordre, tord

Piedmontese: tord

Portuguese: tordo

Romanian: sturz

Sicilian: turdu

Spanish: tordo

Translingual: Turdus

Venetan: tordo

[ˈt̪ʊrd̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *torzdos, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos, whence also Russian дрозд (drozd), Old Church Slavonic дрозгу (drozgu), Welsh drudwy (“starling”), Middle Irish truid, and Lithuanian strazdas (“thrush”).


stergethron

stergēthron n (genitive stergēthrī); second declension

stergēthron (canonical neuter)
stergēthrī (genitive)
stergēthron (nominative singular)
stergēthra (nominative plural)
stergēthrī (genitive singular)
stergēthrōrum (genitive plural)
stergēthrō (dative singular)
stergēthrīs (dative plural)
stergēthron (accusative singular)
stergēthra (accusative plural)
stergēthrō (ablative singular)
stergēthrīs (ablative plural)
stergēthron (singular vocative)
stergēthra (plural vocative)

[s̠t̪ɛrˈɡeːt̪ʰrɔn]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek στέργηθρον (stérgēthron).


vaccula

vaccula f (genitive vacculae); first declension

vacculae (genitive)
vaccula (nominative singular)
vacculae (nominative plural)
vacculae (genitive singular)
vacculārum (genitive plural)
vacculae (dative singular)
vacculīs (dative plural)
vacculam (accusative singular)
vacculās (accusative plural)
vacculā (ablative singular)
vacculīs (ablative plural)
vaccula (singular vocative)
vacculae (plural vocative)

[ˈu̯äkːʊɫ̪ä]

vacca (“cow”) + -ula (diminutive suffix).


ulex

la-noun

ulex m (genitive ulīcis); third declension

ulīcis (genitive)
ulex (nominative singular)
ulīcēs (nominative plural)
ulīcis (genitive singular)
ulīcum (genitive plural)
ulīcī (dative singular)
ulīcibus (dative plural)
ulīcem (accusative singular)
ulīcēs (accusative plural)
ulīce (ablative singular)
ulīcibus (ablative plural)
ulex (singular vocative)
ulīcēs (plural vocative)

Old Galician-Portuguese: ulze

Galician: uz

Portuguese: urze

Spanish: urce

Translingual: Ulex

Word mentioned by Pliny when describing gold mining in northwestern Iberia. Probably from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia.


ulpicum

ulpicum n (genitive ulpicī); second declension

ulpicī (genitive)
ulpicum (nominative singular)
ulpica (nominative plural)
ulpicī (genitive singular)
ulpicōrum (genitive plural)
ulpicō (dative singular)
ulpicīs (dative plural)
ulpicum (accusative singular)
ulpica (accusative plural)
ulpicō (ablative singular)
ulpicīs (ablative plural)
ulpicum (singular vocative)
ulpica (plural vocative)

[ˈʊɫ̪pɪkʊ̃ˑ]


blachnon

blachnon n (genitive blachnī); second declension

blachnī (genitive)
blachnon (nominative singular)
blachna (nominative plural)
blachnī (genitive singular)
blachnōrum (genitive plural)
blachnō (dative singular)
blachnīs (dative plural)
blachnon (accusative singular)
blachna (accusative plural)
blachnō (ablative singular)
blachnīs (ablative plural)
blachnon (singular vocative)
blachna (plural vocative)


caepe

caepe n (genitive caepis); third declension

caepis (genitive)
caepe (nominative singular)
caepia (nominative plural)
caepis (genitive singular)
caepium (genitive plural)
caepī (dative singular)
caepibus (dative plural)
caepe (accusative singular)
caepia (accusative plural)
caepī (ablative singular)
caepibus (ablative plural)
caepe (singular vocative)
caepia (plural vocative)


farfarum

farfarum n (genitive farfarī); second declension

farfarī (genitive)
farfarum (nominative singular)
farfara (nominative plural)
farfarī (genitive singular)
farfarōrum (genitive plural)
farfarō (dative singular)
farfarīs (dative plural)
farfarum (accusative singular)
farfara (accusative plural)
farfarō (ablative singular)
farfarīs (ablative plural)
farfarum (singular vocative)
farfara (plural vocative)

Italian: farfara

Spanish: fárfara

Unknown, presumed a borrowing from another Italian language.
Nikolaev proposes a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂s-o-bʰor-o-, a compound of *bʰeh₂-es- (“shining”) and *bʰer- (“to bear”) also found in Ancient Greek φωσφόρος (phōsphóros, literally “light-bearing”). The name may be assumed to arise from the flowers' radiant shape. The -a- from the second syllable would then stem from assimilation to the first syllable.


gobius

la-noun

gōbius m (genitive gōbiī or gōbī); second declension

gōbius (canonical masculine)
gōbiī (genitive)
gōbī (genitive)
gōbius (nominative singular)
gōbiī (nominative plural)
gōbiī (genitive singular)
gōbī (genitive singular)
gōbiōrum (genitive plural)
gōbiō (dative singular)
gōbiīs (dative plural)
gōbium (accusative singular)
gōbiōs (accusative plural)
gōbiō (ablative singular)
gōbiīs (ablative plural)
gōbie (singular vocative)
gōbiī (plural vocative)

→ English: goby

French: gobie

Spanish: gobio

Translingual: Gobius

French: goujon

→ English: gudgeon

Italian: gobione

Translingual: Gobio

From Ancient Greek κωβιός (kōbiós), probably a Mediterranean substrate (Pre-Greek) loan, possibly Semitic. Compare Akkadian 𒆪𒇥 (kuppū).


intubum

intubum n (genitive intubī); second declension

intubī (genitive)
intubum (nominative singular)
intuba (nominative plural)
intubī (genitive singular)
intubōrum (genitive plural)
intubō (dative singular)
intubīs (dative plural)
intubum (accusative singular)
intuba (accusative plural)
intubō (ablative singular)
intubīs (ablative plural)
intubum (singular vocative)
intuba (plural vocative)

[ˈɪn̪t̪ʊbʊ̃ˑ]

Alternative form of intibus (“endive, succory”)


iynx

iynx f (genitive iyngis); third declension

iyngis (genitive)
iynx (nominative singular)
iyngēs (nominative plural)
iyngis (genitive singular)
iyngum (genitive plural)
iyngī (dative singular)
iyngibus (dative plural)
iyngem (accusative singular)
iyngēs (accusative plural)
iynge (ablative singular)
iyngibus (ablative plural)
iynx (singular vocative)
iyngēs (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Jynx

→ English: jynx, ⇒ jyngine

From the Ancient Greek ἴυγξ (íunx, “wryneck”, “Jynx torquilla”).


callithrix

la-noun

callithrix f (genitive callithrichis); third declension

callithrichis (genitive)
callithrix (nominative singular)
callithrichēs (nominative plural)
callithrichis (genitive singular)
callithrichos (genitive singular)
callitrichos (genitive singular)
callithricis (genitive singular)
callitrichis (genitive singular)
callithrichum (genitive plural)
callithrichī (dative singular)
callithrichibus (dative plural)
callithrichem (accusative singular)
callithrichēs (accusative plural)
callithriche (ablative singular)
callithrichibus (ablative plural)
callithrix (singular vocative)
callithrichēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek καλλίθριξ (kallíthrix).


scytale

scytalē f (genitive scytalēs); first declension

scytalē (canonical feminine)
scytalēs (genitive)
scytalē (nominative singular)
scytalae (nominative plural)
scytalēs (genitive singular)
scytalārum (genitive plural)
scytalae (dative singular)
scytalīs (dative plural)
scytalēn (accusative singular)
scytalās (accusative plural)
scytalē (ablative singular)
scytalīs (ablative plural)
scytalē (singular vocative)
scytalae (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek σκυτάλη (skutálē, “baton”).


gilvus

la-adj

gilvus (feminine gilva, neuter gilvum); first/second-declension adjective

gilva (feminine)
gilvum (neuter)
gilvus (masculine nominative singular)
gilva (feminine nominative singular)
gilvum (neuter nominative singular)
gilvī (masculine nominative singular)
gilvae (feminine nominative plural)
gilva (neuter nominative plural)
gilvī (genitive masculine singular)
gilvae (feminine genitive singular)
gilvī (genitive neuter singular)
gilvōrum (genitive masculine singular)
gilvārum (feminine genitive plural)
gilvōrum (genitive neuter plural)
gilvō (dative masculine singular)
gilvae (dative feminine singular)
gilvō (dative neuter singular)
gilvīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
gilvum (accusative masculine singular)
gilvam (accusative feminine singular)
gilvum (accusative neuter singular)
gilvōs (accusative masculine singular)
gilvās (accusative feminine plural)
gilva (accusative neuter plural)
gilvō (ablative masculine singular)
gilvā (ablative feminine singular)
gilvō (ablative neuter singular)
gilvīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
gilve (masculine singular vocative)
gilva (feminine singular vocative)
gilvum (neuter singular vocative)
gilvī (masculine singular vocative)
gilvae (feminine plural vocative)
gilva (neuter plural vocative)

[ˈɡɪɫ̪u̯ʊs̠]

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵilh₃wós, from *ǵeylh₃- (dialectal variant of *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”)) + *-wós (whence -vus). Compare helvus, fulvus, flāvus.

dun-colored, pale yellow (only used for horses)


squalus

la-noun

squalus m (genitive squalī); second declension

squalī (genitive)
squalus (nominative singular)
squalī (nominative plural)
squalī (genitive singular)
squalōrum (genitive plural)
squalō (dative singular)
squalīs (dative plural)
squalum (accusative singular)
squalōs (accusative plural)
squalō (ablative singular)
squalīs (ablative plural)
squale (singular vocative)
squalī (plural vocative)

Asturian: escualu

Catalan: esqual

French: squale

Galician: escalo, escallo

Italian: squalo

Ligurian: squæo

desc

Portuguese: esqualo, escalo, escalho, escalheiro

Romanian: scal

Spanish: escualo

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”), cognate with Ancient Greek ἄσπαλος (áspalos), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀 (kara, “kind of fish”), Old Prussian kalis, and Old English hwæl (“whale”); more information at whale.

[ˈs̠kʷäːɫ̪ʊs̠]

a kind of large sea fish, thought to be a shark


buculus

la-noun

būculus m (genitive būculī); second declension

būculus (canonical masculine)
būculī (genitive)
būculus (nominative singular)
būculī (nominative plural)
būculī (genitive singular)
būculōrum (genitive plural)
būculō (dative singular)
būculīs (dative plural)
būculum (accusative singular)
būculōs (accusative plural)
būculō (ablative singular)
būculīs (ablative plural)
būcule (singular vocative)
būculī (plural vocative)

desctree

Old French: bugle
→ Middle English: bugle (through Anglo-Norman)
English: bugle
→ French: bugle
French: beugler

[ˈbuːkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

bōs (“cow”) + -culus (diminutive suffix)


cardunculus

la-noun

cardunculus m (genitive cardunculī); second declension

cardunculī (genitive)
cardunculus (nominative singular)
cardunculī (nominative plural)
cardunculī (genitive singular)
cardunculōrum (genitive plural)
cardunculō (dative singular)
cardunculīs (dative plural)
cardunculum (accusative singular)
cardunculōs (accusative plural)
cardunculō (ablative singular)
cardunculīs (ablative plural)
carduncule (singular vocative)
cardunculī (plural vocative)

From cardus (“thistle”) + -unculus, or from cardō + -culus.


tarandrus

tarandrus m (genitive tarandrī); second declension

tarandrī (genitive)
tarandrus (nominative singular)
tarandrī (nominative plural)
tarandrī (genitive singular)
tarandrōrum (genitive plural)
tarandrō (dative singular)
tarandrīs (dative plural)
tarandrum (accusative singular)
tarandrōs (accusative plural)
tarandrō (ablative singular)
tarandrīs (ablative plural)
tarandre (singular vocative)
tarandrī (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τάρανδρος (tárandros).


asphodelus

la-noun

asphodelus m (genitive asphodelī); second declension

asphodelī (genitive)
asphodelus (nominative singular)
asphodelī (nominative plural)
asphodelī (genitive singular)
asphodelōrum (genitive plural)
asphodelō (dative singular)
asphodelīs (dative plural)
asphodelum (accusative singular)
asphodelōs (accusative plural)
asphodelō (ablative singular)
asphodelīs (ablative plural)
asphodele (singular vocative)
asphodelī (plural vocative)

Medieval Latin: affodillus

→ Middle English: affodill

English: daffodil

Catalan: asfòdel

French: asphodèle

Galician: asfódelo

Italian: asfodelo

Occitan: asfodèl

Portuguese: asfódelo

Spanish: asfódelo

→ Translingual: Asphodelus

[äs̠ˈpʰɔd̪ɛɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek ἀσφόδελος (asphódelos, “asphodel”).


cephalus

la-noun

cephalus m (genitive cephalī); second declension

cephalī (genitive)
cephalus (nominative singular)
cephalī (nominative plural)
cephalī (genitive singular)
cephalōrum (genitive plural)
cephalō (dative singular)
cephalīs (dative plural)
cephalum (accusative singular)
cephalōs (accusative plural)
cephalō (ablative singular)
cephalīs (ablative plural)
cephale (singular vocative)
cephalī (plural vocative)

Italian: cefalo

Neapolitan: cefaro

Venetan: çièvoło

→ Polish: cefal

[ˈkɛpʰäɫ̪ʊs̠]

From the Ancient Greek κέφᾰλος (képhălos, “a species of mullet”).

der

Squalius cephalus
Squalius cephalus#Translingual

chub, chevin, pollard (European freshwater fish, Squalius cephalus)


acridium

la-noun

acridium n (genitive acridiī or acridī); second declension

acridiī (genitive)
acridī (genitive)
acridium (nominative singular)
acridia (nominative plural)
acridiī (genitive singular)
acridī (genitive singular)
acridiōrum (genitive plural)
acridiō (dative singular)
acridiīs (dative plural)
acridium (accusative singular)
acridia (accusative plural)
acridiō (ablative singular)
acridiīs (ablative plural)
acridium (singular vocative)
acridia (plural vocative)


andrachne

andrachnē f (genitive andrachnēs); first declension

andrachnē (canonical feminine)
andrachnēs (genitive)
andrachnē (nominative singular)
andrachnae (nominative plural)
andrachnēs (genitive singular)
andrachnārum (genitive plural)
andrachnae (dative singular)
andrachnīs (dative plural)
andrachnēn (accusative singular)
andrachnās (accusative plural)
andrachnē (ablative singular)
andrachnīs (ablative plural)
andrachnē (singular vocative)
andrachnae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀνδράχνη (andrákhnē).


lupellus

lupellus m (genitive lupellī); second declension

lupellī (genitive)
lupellus (nominative singular)
lupellī (nominative plural)
lupellī (genitive singular)
lupellōrum (genitive plural)
lupellō (dative singular)
lupellīs (dative plural)
lupellum (accusative singular)
lupellōs (accusative plural)
lupellō (ablative singular)
lupellīs (ablative plural)
lupelle (singular vocative)
lupellī (plural vocative)

[ɫ̪ʊˈpɛlːʲʊs̠]

(Medieval Latin) wolf cub, wolfkin, wolfling, wolf whelp


luparius

lupārius m (genitive lupāriī or lupārī); second declension

lupārius (canonical masculine)
lupāriī (genitive)
lupārī (genitive)
lupārius (nominative singular)
lupāriī (nominative plural)
lupāriī (genitive singular)
lupārī (genitive singular)
lupāriōrum (genitive plural)
lupāriō (dative singular)
lupāriīs (dative plural)
lupārium (accusative singular)
lupāriōs (accusative plural)
lupāriō (ablative singular)
lupāriīs (ablative plural)
lupārie (singular vocative)
lupāriī (plural vocative)

Spanish: lobero

Portuguese: lobeiro

[ɫ̪ʊˈpäːriʊs̠]

lupus (“wolf”) + -ārius (suffix forming agent nouns)


arinca

la-noun

arinca f (genitive arincae); first declension

arincae (genitive)
arinca (nominative singular)
arincae (nominative plural)
arincae (genitive singular)
arincārum (genitive plural)
arincae (dative singular)
arincīs (dative plural)
arincam (accusative singular)
arincās (accusative plural)
arincā (ablative singular)
arincīs (ablative plural)
arinca (singular vocative)
arincae (plural vocative)

Unknown, only attested in Pliny the Elder and there connected as Gaulish.


berula

berula f (genitive berulae); first declension

berulae (genitive)
berula (nominative singular)
berulae (nominative plural)
berulae (genitive singular)
berulārum (genitive plural)
berulae (dative singular)
berulīs (dative plural)
berulam (accusative singular)
berulās (accusative plural)
berulā (ablative singular)
berulīs (ablative plural)
berula (singular vocative)
berulae (plural vocative)


corylus

corylus f (genitive corylī); second declension

corylī (genitive)
corylus (nominative singular)
corylī (nominative plural)
corylī (genitive singular)
corylōrum (genitive plural)
corylō (dative singular)
corylīs (dative plural)
corylum (accusative singular)
corylōs (accusative plural)
corylō (ablative singular)
corylīs (ablative plural)
coryle (singular vocative)
corylī (plural vocative)

Translingual (taxonomic genus): Corylus

[ˈkɔrʏɫ̪ʊs̠]

Together with Proto-Celtic *koslos (“hazel”), Proto-Germanic *haslaz (“hazel”) from Proto-Indo-European *kóslos if not a Proto-Italic borrowing from Celtic or Germanic before the First Germanic Sound Shift or a substrate. The presence of the “y” letter may be a reworking of the original corulus variant through a phenomenon in which the Romans had the tendency to Grecize words for poetic reasons. See Thybris and Tiberis.

Hic inter densas corylos modo namque gemellos / spem gregis, a! silice in nuda conixa reliquit.

70 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Eclogues 1.14–15

for here in the hazel thicket just now dropping twins / ah, the flock's hope, on naked flint, she abandoned them.


alicastrum

alicastrum n (genitive alicastrī); second declension

alicastrī (genitive)
alicastrum (nominative singular)
alicastra (nominative plural)
alicastrī (genitive singular)
alicastrōrum (genitive plural)
alicastrō (dative singular)
alicastrīs (dative plural)
alicastrum (accusative singular)
alicastra (accusative plural)
alicastrō (ablative singular)
alicastrīs (ablative plural)
alicastrum (singular vocative)
alicastra (plural vocative)

[älʲɪˈkäs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]


natrix

natrī̆x f or m (genitive natrī̆cis); third declension

natrī̆x (canonical feminine masculine)
natrī̆cis (genitive)
natrī̆x (nominative singular)
natrī̆cēs (nominative plural)
natrī̆cis (genitive singular)
natrī̆cum (genitive plural)
natrī̆cī (dative singular)
natrī̆cibus (dative plural)
natrī̆cem (accusative singular)
natrī̆cēs (accusative plural)
natrī̆ce (ablative singular)
natrī̆cibus (ablative plural)
natrī̆x (singular vocative)
natrī̆cēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Natrix (taxonomic genus)

→ English: rinatrix

→ Italian: natrice

→ Spanish: natriz

From Proto-Italic *natriks, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)nh₁-tr-ih₂-. Cognate with German Natter, English adder. According to a proposal of André Martinet, the /ks/ in the nominative singular developed from word-final *h₂s, and /ik/ subsequently spread from the nominative singular to other forms of the word by paradigmatic leveling; Schrijver 1991 rejects this hypothesis, but Rasmussen 1993 considers it plausible.
A pronunciation with a long vowel in the second syllable is attested by the time of Priscian (see Pronunciation below); this may have been caused by the much greater frequency of nouns ending in -īx, -īcis compared to those ending in -ĭx, -ĭcis, and more specifically by the possibility of reinterpreting the word as a feminine agent noun derived from the verb no, nāre (“swim”) and the suffix -trīx (“-tress”).

Cur deus, omnia nostra causa cum faceret (sic enim vultis), tantam vim natricum viperarumque fecerit, cur mortifera tam multa perniciosa terra marique disperserit.

106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Lucullus 120.4

Ne viperas quidem et natrices et si qua morsu aut ictu nocent effligeremus, si in reliquum mansuefacere possemus aut efficere ne nobis aliisve periculo essent; ergo ne homini quidem nocebimus quia peccavit, sed ne peccet, nec umquam ad praeteritum sed ad futurum poena referetur; non enim irascitur sed cavet.

c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Dialogi 4.31.8.2

et natrix violator aquae, iaculique volucres

c. 61 CE – 65 CE, Lucan, Pharsalia 9.720

si natibus natricem inpressit crassam et capitatam

2nd century BC, Gaius Lucilius, Saturae 2.72

2014 translation by Robert Cowan
if s/he thrusts a thick natrix with a head on it into/onto my buttocks

Metaphor of disputed meaning; perhaps denoting either a penis or a type of whip.

Natrix vocatur herba, cuius radix evulsa virus hirci redolet.


opulus

opulus f (genitive opulī); second declension

opulī (genitive)
opulus (nominative singular)
opulī (nominative plural)
opulī (genitive singular)
opulōrum (genitive plural)
opulō (dative singular)
opulīs (dative plural)
opulum (accusative singular)
opulōs (accusative plural)
opulō (ablative singular)
opulīs (ablative plural)
opule (singular vocative)
opulī (plural vocative)

From Gaulish *opolos (“maple”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ok̂u̯-olo-, from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Compare Proto-Celtic *oketā (“harrow”), Cornish eythin (“gorse”).


asilus

asīlus m (genitive asīlī); second declension

asīlus (canonical masculine)
asīlī (genitive)
asīlus (nominative singular)
asīlī (nominative plural)
asīlī (genitive singular)
asīlōrum (genitive plural)
asīlō (dative singular)
asīlīs (dative plural)
asīlum (accusative singular)
asīlōs (accusative plural)
asīlō (ablative singular)
asīlīs (ablative plural)
asīle (singular vocative)
asīlī (plural vocative)

Italian: assillo

Sicilian: siḍḍu

→ Translingual: Asilus

[äˈs̠iːɫ̪ʊs̠]

Unknown. De Vaan (2008) considers it a borrowing given the initial as- instead of a rhotacised ar- or a regularly degeminated ās- following a long vowel (< *āss-/āts-). However, the present form would in fact be a regular outcome of *ass-ī/ei-los under the "mamilla-rule", as also in pusillus, ofella. Compare asinus, likewise of obscure origin.


centaureum

centaurēum n (genitive centaurēī); second declension

centaurēum (canonical neuter)
centaurēī (genitive)
centaurēum (nominative singular)
centaurēa (nominative plural)
centaurēī (genitive singular)
centaurēōrum (genitive plural)
centaurēō (dative singular)
centaurēīs (dative plural)
centaurēum (accusative singular)
centaurēa (accusative plural)
centaurēō (ablative singular)
centaurēīs (ablative plural)
centaurēum (singular vocative)
centaurēa (plural vocative)

[kɛn̪t̪äu̯ˈreːʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek κενταύρειον (kentaúreion, “several plants related to Centaurea”), from κένταυρος (kéntauros, “centaur”) (due to the mythological discovery of its medicinal properties by Chiron the Centaur).


carcharias

la-noun

carchariās m (genitive carchariae); first declension

carchariās (canonical masculine)
carchariae (genitive)
carchariās (nominative singular)
carchariae (nominative plural)
carchariae (genitive singular)
carchariārum (genitive plural)
carchariae (dative singular)
carchariīs (dative plural)
carchariān (accusative singular)
carchariās (accusative plural)
carchariā (ablative singular)
carchariīs (ablative plural)
carchariā (singular vocative)
carchariae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καρχαρίας (karkharías, “shark”), from κάρχαρος (kárkharos, “sharp, jagged”).


adonium

la-noun

adōnium n (genitive adōniī or adōnī); second declension

adōnium (canonical neuter)
adōniī (genitive)
adōnī (genitive)
adōnium (nominative singular)
adōnia (nominative plural)
adōniī (genitive singular)
adōnī (genitive singular)
adōniōrum (genitive plural)
adōniō (dative singular)
adōniīs (dative plural)
adōnium (accusative singular)
adōnia (accusative plural)
adōniō (ablative singular)
adōniīs (ablative plural)
adōnium (singular vocative)
adōnia (plural vocative)

[äˈd̪oːniʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek Ἀδώνιος (Adṓnios, “of Adonis”) and Ἄδωνις (Ádōnis, “Adonis”). The meaning referring to a plant is a misreading in Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia. The meaning referring to meter, μέτρον (métron, “meter”) Ἀδώνιον (Adṓnion), reportedly named for its use in the festival of Adonis.

der

(grammar, meter, verse) a Adonic verse, a verse composed of a dactyl and spondee


ador

la-noun

ador n (genitive adoris or adōris); third declension

adoris (genitive)
adōris (genitive)
ador (nominative singular)
adora (nominative plural)
adōra (nominative plural)
adoris (genitive singular)
adōris (genitive singular)
adorum (genitive plural)
adōrum (genitive plural)
adorī (dative singular)
adōrī (dative singular)
adoribus (dative plural)
adōribus (dative plural)
ador (accusative singular)
adora (accusative plural)
adōra (accusative plural)
adore (ablative singular)
adōre (ablative singular)
adoribus (ablative plural)
adōribus (ablative plural)
ador (singular vocative)
adora (plural vocative)
adōra (plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *ados, *adōs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd-ōs (“dried stuff, grain”, collective), from *h₂ed-. Compare Old Armenian հատ (hat, “grain, piece”) and Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 (atisk, “cornfield”).

inh

a kind of hulled wheat of the genus Triticum: emmer, farro, or spelt


emys

la-noun

emys f (genitive emydos or emydis); third declension

emydos (genitive)
emydis (genitive)
emys (nominative singular)
emydes (nominative plural)
emydēs (nominative plural)
emydos (genitive singular)
emydis (genitive singular)
emydum (genitive plural)
emydī (dative singular)
emydibus (dative plural)
emyda (accusative singular)
emydem (accusative singular)
emydas (accusative plural)
emydēs (accusative plural)
emyde (ablative singular)
emydibus (ablative plural)
emys (singular vocative)
emy (singular vocative)
emydes (plural vocative)
emydēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Emys (genus)

English: emys

geminus similiter victus in aquis terraque et testudinum effectusque par, honore habendo vel propter excellens in usu pretium figuraeque proprietatem. sunt ergo testudinum genera terrestres, marinae, lutariae et quae in dulci aqua vivunt. has quidam e graecis emydas appellant.

AD 77–79, Gaius Plinius Secundus (author), Karl Friedrich Theodor Mayhoff (editor), Naturalis Historia (1906), book XXXII, chapter xii

The tortoise, too, is an animal that is equally amphibious with the beaver, and possessed of medicinal properties as strongly developed; in addition to which, it claims an equal degree of notice for the high price which luxury sets upon its shell, and the singularity of its conformation. Of tortoises, there are various kinds, land tortoises, sea tortoises, tortoises which live in muddy waters, and tortoises which live in fresh; these last being known to some Greek authors by the name of “emydes.” ― translation from: John Bostock and Henry Thomas Riley, The Natural History (1855), book XXXII: “Remedies Derived from Aquatic Animals”, chapter xiv (iv): ‘The Tortoise: Sixty-Six Remedies and Observations’

European pond turtle
European pond turtle

a species of freshwater tortoise, probably the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis)


alisma

alisma n (genitive alismatis); third declension

alismatis (genitive)
alisma (nominative singular)
alismata (nominative plural)
alismatis (genitive singular)
alismatum (genitive plural)
alismatī (dative singular)
alismatibus (dative plural)
alisma (accusative singular)
alismata (accusative plural)
alismate (ablative singular)
alismatibus (ablative plural)
alisma (singular vocative)
alismata (plural vocative)

Translingual: Alisma

Alisma plantago-aquatica
Alisma plantago-aquatica#Translingual

water plantain, Alisma plantago-aquatica


acorus

acorus f (genitive acorī); second declension

acorī (genitive)
acorus (nominative singular)
acorī (nominative plural)
acorī (genitive singular)
acorōrum (genitive plural)
acorō (dative singular)
acorīs (dative plural)
acorum (accusative singular)
acorōs (accusative plural)
acorō (ablative singular)
acorīs (ablative plural)
acore (singular vocative)
acorī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Acorus

From Ancient Greek ἄκορος (ákoros), ἄκορον (ákoron).

an aromatic plant, perhaps sweet flag or calamus


chara

chara f (genitive charae); first declension

charae (genitive)
chara (nominative singular)
charae (nominative plural)
charae (genitive singular)
charārum (genitive plural)
charae (dative singular)
charīs (dative plural)
charam (accusative singular)
charās (accusative plural)
charā (ablative singular)
charīs (ablative plural)
chara (singular vocative)
charae (plural vocative)

, Gaius Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Civili, Liber III, 48

"There was a sort of root called chara, discovered by the troops which served under Valerius."

Est autem genus radicis inventum ab eis, qui fuerant vacui ab operibus, quod appellatur chara, quod admixtum lacte multum inopiam levabat.

An unknown kind of root, perhaps wild cabbage or the root of caraway


bunias

būnias f (genitive būniados); third declension

būnias (canonical feminine)
būniados (genitive)
būnias (nominative singular)
būniades (nominative plural)
būniados (genitive singular)
būniadum (genitive plural)
būniadī (dative singular)
būniadibus (dative plural)
būniada (accusative singular)
būniadas (accusative plural)
būniade (ablative singular)
būniadibus (ablative plural)
būnias (singular vocative)
būniades (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Bunias

From the Ancient Greek βουνιάς (bouniás).

Brassica napus
Brassica napus#Translingual

a kind of turnip: probably a subspecies of Brassica napus


blattaria

blattāria f (genitive blattāriae); first declension

blattāria (canonical feminine)
blattāriae (genitive)
blattāria (nominative singular)
blattāriae (nominative plural)
blattāriae (genitive singular)
blattāriārum (genitive plural)
blattāriae (dative singular)
blattāriīs (dative plural)
blattāriam (accusative singular)
blattāriās (accusative plural)
blattāriā (ablative singular)
blattāriīs (ablative plural)
blattāria (singular vocative)
blattāriae (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: blatària (learned)

Substantivisation of the feminine form of blattārius, in elliptical use for [herba] blattāria.

[bɫ̪ät̪ˈt̪äːriä]

[bɫ̪ät̪ˈt̪äːriäː]

Verbascum blattaria
Wikispecies:Verbascum blattaria


ceratium

cerātium n (genitive cerātiī or cerātī); second declension

cerātium (canonical neuter)
cerātiī (genitive)
cerātī (genitive)
cerātium (nominative singular)
cerātia (nominative plural)
cerātiī (genitive singular)
cerātī (genitive singular)
cerātiōrum (genitive plural)
cerātiō (dative singular)
cerātiīs (dative plural)
cerātium (accusative singular)
cerātia (accusative plural)
cerātiō (ablative singular)
cerātiīs (ablative plural)
cerātium (singular vocative)
cerātia (plural vocative)

→ English: Ceratium/ceratium

[kɛˈräːt̪iʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek κερᾱ́τῐον (kerā́tĭon, “little horn, carob”), diminutive of κέρᾰς (kérăs, “horn”).

der

Ceratonia siliqua
Ceratonia siliqua#Translingual


intibus

la-noun

intibus m or f (genitive intibī); second declension

intibī (genitive)
intibus (nominative singular)
intibī (nominative plural)
intibī (genitive singular)
intibōrum (genitive plural)
intibō (dative singular)
intibīs (dative plural)
intibum (accusative singular)
intibōs (accusative plural)
intibō (ablative singular)
intibīs (ablative plural)
intibe (singular vocative)
intibī (plural vocative)

→ Byzantine Greek: ἔντυβον (éntubon)

[ˈɪn̪t̪ɪbʊs̠]

A Semitic borrowing, found in the same particular meaning in the Frahang-ī Pahlavīg, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic הּנְדְּבָא (hindəḇā), and Classical Syriac ܗܶܢܕܒܳܐ (hendǝḇā) and ܗܶܕ݁ܒܳܐ (heddəḇā), cognate to Arabic هَدَب (hadab, “twisted leaves or sprigs; cilium”).
Compare also corylus and serpyllum for unwarranted y in Latin.


intybus

la-noun

intybus m or f (genitive intybī); second declension

intybī (genitive)
intybus (nominative singular)
intybī (nominative plural)
intybī (genitive singular)
intybōrum (genitive plural)
intybō (dative singular)
intybīs (dative plural)
intybum (accusative singular)
intybōs (accusative plural)
intybō (ablative singular)
intybīs (ablative plural)
intybe (singular vocative)
intybī (plural vocative)

Cichorium intybus

Campanula intybus

Aphis intybi

Puccinia intybi

Xerobion intybi

Xerobion intybi

[ˈɪn̪t̪ʏbʊs̠]


pilax

pilāx m (genitive pilācis); third declension

pilāx (canonical masculine)
pilācis (genitive)
pilāx (nominative singular)
pilācēs (nominative plural)
pilācis (genitive singular)
pilācum (genitive plural)
pilācī (dative singular)
pilācibus (dative plural)
pilācem (accusative singular)
pilācēs (accusative plural)
pilāce (ablative singular)
pilācibus (ablative plural)
pilāx (singular vocative)
pilācēs (plural vocative)

[ˈpɪɫ̪äːks̠]

From Ancient Greek φύλαξ (phúlax, “guardian, keeper”).


lolium

la-noun

lolium n (genitive loliī or lolī); second declension

loliī (genitive)
lolī (genitive)
lolium (nominative singular)
lolia (nominative plural)
loliī (genitive singular)
lolī (genitive singular)
loliōrum (genitive plural)
loliō (dative singular)
loliīs (dative plural)
lolium (accusative singular)
lolia (accusative plural)
loliō (ablative singular)
loliīs (ablative plural)
lolium (singular vocative)
lolia (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: loglio

North-Italian:

Ligurian: leûggio

Piedmontese: leuj, leugg

Venetan: lojo, logio, loi

Gallo-Romance:

Bourguignon: leu

Franco-Provençal: loly

Aragonese: luello

Catalan: jull

Catalan: juèlh, jòlh

Ibero-Romance:

Galician: xoio

Portuguese: joio

Spanish: joyo

[ˈɫ̪ɔlʲiʊ̃ˑ]

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (imitative root) as the plant was known to stun and cause vertigo. If so, related to lātrō, Ancient Greek λῆρος (lêros), λάλος (lálos), λάσκω (láskō).

onomatopoeic

imitative


gazella

la-noun

gazella f (genitive gazellae); first declension

gazellae (genitive)
gazella (nominative singular)
gazellae (nominative plural)
gazellae (genitive singular)
gazellārum (genitive plural)
gazellae (dative singular)
gazellīs (dative plural)
gazellam (accusative singular)
gazellās (accusative plural)
gazellā (ablative singular)
gazellīs (ablative plural)
gazella (singular vocative)
gazellae (plural vocative)

[ɡäz̪ˈd̪͡z̪ɛlːʲä]

[ɡäd̪ˈd̪͡z̪ɛlːä]

Ultimately from Arabic غَزَال (ḡazāl), probably via a Romance language, e.g. French gazelle.


irio

īriō m or f (genitive īriōnis); third declension

īriō (canonical feminine masculine)
īriōnis (genitive)
īriō (nominative singular)
īriōnēs (nominative plural)
īriōnis (genitive singular)
īriōnum (genitive plural)
īriōnī (dative singular)
īriōnibus (dative plural)
īriōnem (accusative singular)
īriōnēs (accusative plural)
īriōne (ablative singular)
īriōnibus (ablative plural)
īriō (singular vocative)
īriōnēs (plural vocative)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:irio.

a siliquose plant, probably a member of the genera Barbarea (wintercress or yellow rocket) or Sisymbrium (comprising several species of mustard and rocket)

erysimon

siliquose plant of Barbarea or Sisymbrium


combretum

combrētum n (genitive combrētī); second declension

combrētum (canonical neuter)
combrētī (genitive)
combrētum (nominative singular)
combrēta (nominative plural)
combrētī (genitive singular)
combrētōrum (genitive plural)
combrētō (dative singular)
combrētīs (dative plural)
combrētum (accusative singular)
combrēta (accusative plural)
combrētō (ablative singular)
combrētīs (ablative plural)
combrētum (singular vocative)
combrēta (plural vocative)

a kind of rush (perhaps Luzula sylvatica, syns. Juncus sylvaticus, Juncus maximus)


pullulus

pullulus m (genitive pullulī); second declension

pullulī (genitive)
pullulus (nominative singular)
pullulī (nominative plural)
pullulī (genitive singular)
pullulōrum (genitive plural)
pullulō (dative singular)
pullulīs (dative plural)
pullulum (accusative singular)
pullulōs (accusative plural)
pullulō (ablative singular)
pullulīs (ablative plural)
pullule (singular vocative)
pullulī (plural vocative)

Galician: póla

[ˈpʊlːʲʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From pullus + -ulus (diminutive suffix).


avicella

avicella f (genitive avicellae); first declension

avicellae (genitive)
avicella (nominative singular)
avicellae (nominative plural)
avicellae (genitive singular)
avicellārum (genitive plural)
avicellae (dative singular)
avicellīs (dative plural)
avicellam (accusative singular)
avicellās (accusative plural)
avicellā (ablative singular)
avicellīs (ablative plural)
avicella (singular vocative)
avicellae (plural vocative)

>? Portuguese: Vizela

>? Spanish: avecilla

[äu̯ɪˈkɛlːʲä]

[äviˈt͡ʃɛlːä]


barrus

barrus m (genitive barrī); second declension

barrī (genitive)
barrus (nominative singular)
barrī (nominative plural)
barrī (genitive singular)
barrōrum (genitive plural)
barrō (dative singular)
barrīs (dative plural)
barrum (accusative singular)
barrōs (accusative plural)
barrō (ablative singular)
barrīs (ablative plural)
barre (singular vocative)
barrī (plural vocative)

Probably loaned from an eastern language, such as Indo-Aryan, by way of Iranian; compare Sanskrit वारु (vāru, “royal elephant”).


porcetra

porcētra f (genitive porcētrae); first declension

porcētra (canonical feminine)
porcētrae (genitive)
porcētra (nominative singular)
porcētrae (nominative plural)
porcētrae (genitive singular)
porcētrārum (genitive plural)
porcētrae (dative singular)
porcētrīs (dative plural)
porcētram (accusative singular)
porcētrās (accusative plural)
porcētrā (ablative singular)
porcētrīs (ablative plural)
porcētra (singular vocative)
porcētrae (plural vocative)


brigantes

brigantēs m pl (genitive brigantum); third declension

brigantēs (canonical masculine plural)
brigantum (genitive)
brigantēs (nominative plural)
brigantum (genitive plural)
brigantibus (dative plural)
brigantēs (accusative plural)
brigantibus (ablative plural)
brigantēs (plural vocative)

[brɪˈɡän̪t̪eːs̠]

Found in Gallo-Latin, probably related to Proto-Celtic *wrig(g)ant- (“vermin”). Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis (“worm”), but Matasovic dismisses the similarity as "probably accidental" and instead suggests a non-Indo-European substrate. According to MacBain, from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to bend, twist”), similar to English wry.

cog

A species of small worm in the eyelashes


trygon

la-noun

trȳgōn m (genitive trȳgōnis); third declension

trȳgōn (canonical masculine)
trȳgōnis (genitive)
trȳgōn (nominative singular)
trȳgōnēs (nominative plural)
trȳgōnis (genitive singular)
trȳgōnum (genitive plural)
trȳgōnī (dative singular)
trȳgōnibus (dative plural)
trȳgōnem (accusative singular)
trȳgōnēs (accusative plural)
trȳgōne (ablative singular)
trȳgōnibus (ablative plural)
trȳgōn (singular vocative)
trȳgōnēs (plural vocative)

Sed nūllum usquam execrābilius quam radius super caudam ēminēns trȳgōnis, quam nostrī pastinācam appellant, quīncunciālī magnitūdine: arborēs īnfīxus rādīcī necat, arma ut tēlum perforat vī ferrī et venēnī malō.

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 9

But nothing anywhere is as detestable as the spine projecting above the tail of the sting ray, called by us 'parsnip', of five twelfths of a foot in size: it kills trees when driven to the root, punctures weapons like a sword with the force of iron and the evilness of venom.

Dasyatis pastinaca
Wikispecies:Dasyatis pastinaca


sisymbrium

sisymbrium n (genitive sisymbriī or sisymbrī); second declension

sisymbriī (genitive)
sisymbrī (genitive)
sisymbrium (nominative singular)
sisymbria (nominative plural)
sisymbriī (genitive singular)
sisymbrī (genitive singular)
sisymbriōrum (genitive plural)
sisymbriō (dative singular)
sisymbriīs (dative plural)
sisymbrium (accusative singular)
sisymbria (accusative plural)
sisymbriō (ablative singular)
sisymbriīs (ablative plural)
sisymbrium (singular vocative)
sisymbria (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek σισύμβριον (sisúmbrion).

any plant of the species Mentha aquatica, water mint


fulica

fulica f (genitive fulicae); first declension

fulicae (genitive)
fulica (nominative singular)
fulicae (nominative plural)
fulicae (genitive singular)
fulicārum (genitive plural)
fulicae (dative singular)
fulicīs (dative plural)
fulicam (accusative singular)
fulicās (accusative plural)
fulicā (ablative singular)
fulicīs (ablative plural)
fulica (singular vocative)
fulicae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: fôlga

Italian: folaga

Neapolitan: folleca

Sicilian: fùrrica

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: foliga (Roussillon)

Occitan: folca

→ French: foulque

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: puliga (Campidanese)

Borrowings:

→ Middle French: fullicque

→ Spanish: fúlica

→ Translingual: Fulica

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to shine”). Compare Old High German belihha ("coot"; > modern German Belche), Ancient Greek φαλός (phalós, “white”), Sanskrit भाल (bhāla, “splendour”), Old Armenian բալ (bal, “fog”) and Old English bǣl (English bale).

gl

"coot"; > modern German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Belche</i>


oreae

la-noun

ōreae f pl (genitive ōreārum); first declension

ōreae (canonical feminine plural)
ōreārum (genitive)
ōreae (nominative plural)
ōreārum (genitive plural)
ōreīs (dative plural)
ōreās (accusative plural)
ōreīs (ablative plural)
ōreae (plural vocative)

From ōs (“mouth”) + -eus: "that which is inserted into the mouth, mouth-pieces".

(plural only) the bit and reins of a horse, bridle


rhynchops

rhynchōps f (genitive rhynchōpis); third declension

rhynchōps (canonical feminine)
rhynchōpis (genitive)
rhynchōps (nominative singular)
rhynchōpēs (nominative plural)
rhynchōpis (genitive singular)
rhynchōpum (genitive plural)
rhynchōpī (dative singular)
rhynchōpibus (dative plural)
rhynchōpem (accusative singular)
rhynchōpēs (accusative plural)
rhynchōpe (ablative singular)
rhynchōpibus (ablative plural)
rhynchōps (singular vocative)
rhynchōpēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ῥύγχος (rhúnkhos, “beak”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “face”), coined by Linnaeus.

(zoology) skimmers or scissor-bills, members of the genus Rynchops


ervum

ervum n (genitive ervī); second declension

ervī (genitive)
ervum (nominative singular)
erva (nominative plural)
ervī (genitive singular)
ervōrum (genitive plural)
ervō (dative singular)
ervīs (dative plural)
ervum (accusative singular)
erva (accusative plural)
ervō (ablative singular)
ervīs (ablative plural)
ervum (singular vocative)
erva (plural vocative)

Old Occitan:

Catalan: er, erb

Occitan: èrs

→ French: ers

Spanish: yervo, yero

→ Proto-West Germanic: *erbā (see there for further descendants)

→ Translingual: Ervum

→ Italian: ervo

Probably from a Mediterranean substrate borrowing, related to Ancient Greek ὄροβος (órobos), Proto-Germanic *arwīts.

Mense Ianuario paleas cum ervi macerati sextariis sex vel paleas cum cicerculae fresae semodio vel frondis corbem pabulatorium modiorum viginti vel paleas quantum velint et faeni pondo viginti vel adfatim viridem frondem ex siliquis et lauru vel, quod his omnibus praestat, farraginem hordeaceam dabit siccam.

4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica XI.II.99

Vicia ervilia
Vicia ervilia#Translingual

bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia), and by extension other types of vetches (Vicia gen. et spp.)


leptoptilos

leptoptilos m (genitive leptoptilī); second declension

leptoptilī (genitive)
leptoptilos (nominative singular)
leptoptilī (nominative plural)
leptoptilī (genitive singular)
leptoptilōrum (genitive plural)
leptoptilō (dative singular)
leptoptilīs (dative plural)
leptoptilon (accusative singular)
leptoptilōs (accusative plural)
leptoptilō (ablative singular)
leptoptilīs (ablative plural)
leptoptile (singular vocative)
leptoptilī (plural vocative)

[ɫ̪ɛpˈt̪ɔpt̪ɪɫ̪ɔs̠]

From Ancient Greek λεπτός (leptós, “thin, slender”) + πτῐ́λον (ptĭ́lon, “feather”).

der

(zoology, New Latin) An adjutant: a member of the genus Leptoptilos, species of crane or stork in Africa, India, and Southeast Asia.


ciris

la-noun

cīris f (genitive cīris); third declension

cīris (canonical feminine)
cīris (genitive)
cīris (nominative singular)
cīrēs (nominative plural)
cīris (genitive singular)
cīrium (genitive plural)
cīrī (dative singular)
cīribus (dative plural)
cīrem (accusative singular)
cīrēs (accusative plural)
cīrīs (accusative plural)
cīre (ablative singular)
cīribus (ablative plural)
cīris (singular vocative)
cīrēs (plural vocative)


lapsana

lapsana f (genitive lapsanae); first declension

lapsanae (genitive)
lapsana (nominative singular)
lapsanae (nominative plural)
lapsanae (genitive singular)
lapsanārum (genitive plural)
lapsanae (dative singular)
lapsanīs (dative plural)
lapsanam (accusative singular)
lapsanās (accusative plural)
lapsanā (ablative singular)
lapsanīs (ablative plural)
lapsana (singular vocative)
lapsanae (plural vocative)


carduelis

carduēlis f (genitive carduēlis); third declension

carduēlis (canonical feminine)
carduēlis (genitive)
carduēlis (nominative singular)
carduēlēs (nominative plural)
carduēlis (genitive singular)
carduēlium (genitive plural)
carduēlī (dative singular)
carduēlibus (dative plural)
carduēlem (accusative singular)
carduēlēs (accusative plural)
carduēlīs (accusative plural)
carduēle (ablative singular)
carduēlibus (ablative plural)
carduēlis (singular vocative)
carduēlēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Carduelis

From carduus (“wild thistle, artichoke”). Goldfinches commonly eat thistle seeds and use thistle down as nest material, and are as such commonly named after this plant; compare English thistlefinch, Dutch distelvink.

Carduelis carduelis
Carduelis carduelis#Translingual

a thistlefinch, Eurasian goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)


tippula

tippula f (genitive tippulae); first declension

tippulae (genitive)
tippula (nominative singular)
tippulae (nominative plural)
tippulae (genitive singular)
tippulārum (genitive plural)
tippulae (dative singular)
tippulīs (dative plural)
tippulam (accusative singular)
tippulās (accusative plural)
tippulā (ablative singular)
tippulīs (ablative plural)
tippula (singular vocative)
tippulae (plural vocative)

Catalan: típula

English: tipula, tipulid

Esperanto: tipolo

French: tipule

Italian: tipula

Portuguese: típula

Spanish: típula

Translingual: Tipula

[ˈt̪ɪpːʊɫ̪ä]

noui: omnes sunt lenae leuifidae, nec tippulae leuius pondust quam fides lenonia.

I know: all procuresses are untrustworthy, and a water spider has more weight than a procuress’s promise.

an insect running across the surface of the water, a pond-skater; a water spider


panax

panax m (genitive panacis); third declension

panacis (genitive)
panax (nominative singular)
panacēs (nominative plural)
panacis (genitive singular)
panacum (genitive plural)
panacī (dative singular)
panacibus (dative plural)
panacem (accusative singular)
panacēs (accusative plural)
panace (ablative singular)
panacibus (ablative plural)
panax (singular vocative)
panacēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Panax

From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân, “all”) + ἄκος (ákos, “cure”). Used for ginseng by Linnaeus owing to its pervasive use in traditional Chinese medicine.

(Classical Latin, Medieval Latin) "allheal": various kinds of medicinal plants


scordion

scordion n (genitive scordiī); second declension

scordiī (genitive)
scordion (nominative singular)
scordia (nominative plural)
scordiī (genitive singular)
scordiōrum (genitive plural)
scordiō (dative singular)
scordiīs (dative plural)
scordion (accusative singular)
scordia (accusative plural)
scordiō (ablative singular)
scordiīs (ablative plural)
scordion (singular vocative)
scordia (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Ancient Greek [Term?].


tinus

la-noun

tīnus f (genitive tīnī); second declension

tīnus (canonical feminine)
tīnī (genitive)
tīnus (nominative singular)
tīnī (nominative plural)
tīnī (genitive singular)
tīnōrum (genitive plural)
tīnō (dative singular)
tīnīs (dative plural)
tīnum (accusative singular)
tīnōs (accusative plural)
tīnō (ablative singular)
tīnīs (ablative plural)
tīne (singular vocative)
tīnī (plural vocative)


sappinus

sappīnus f (genitive sappīnī); second declension

sappīnus (canonical feminine)
sappīnī (genitive)
sappīnus (nominative singular)
sappīnī (nominative plural)
sappīnī (genitive singular)
sappīnōrum (genitive plural)
sappīnō (dative singular)
sappīnīs (dative plural)
sappīnum (accusative singular)
sappīnōs (accusative plural)
sappīnō (ablative singular)
sappīnīs (ablative plural)
sappīne (singular vocative)
sappīnī (plural vocative)

Catalan: sapí

French: sapin

Piedmontese: sap, sapin

→ Arabic: شَبِّين (šabbīn)

From a combination of Gaulish *sappos (“fir tree”) and pīnus (“pine tree”). The Gaulish word is from Proto-Celtic *sakʷos (“fir”), related to Welsh sybwydd (“fir”), from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷos, related to Lithuanian sakai (“resin”), Latvian sweki (“resin”), and Proto-Slavic *sokъ (“juice, resin”).


farnus

farnus f (genitive farnī); second declension

farnī (genitive)
farnus (nominative singular)
farnī (nominative plural)
farnī (genitive singular)
farnōrum (genitive plural)
farnō (dative singular)
farnīs (dative plural)
farnum (accusative singular)
farnōs (accusative plural)
farnō (ablative singular)
farnīs (ablative plural)
farne (singular vocative)
farnī (plural vocative)

Italian: farnia

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵos (“birch”). Compare Sanskrit भूर्ज (bhūrjá, “Himalayan birch”) (Betula utilis), English birch and Latin fraxinus (“ash tree”).


tettigonium

la-noun

tettīgonium n (genitive tettīgoniī or tettīgonī); second declension

tettīgonium (canonical neuter)
tettīgoniī (genitive)
tettīgonī (genitive)
tettīgonium (nominative singular)
tettīgonia (nominative plural)
tettīgoniī (genitive singular)
tettīgonī (genitive singular)
tettīgoniōrum (genitive plural)
tettīgoniō (dative singular)
tettīgoniīs (dative plural)
tettīgonium (accusative singular)
tettīgonia (accusative plural)
tettīgoniō (ablative singular)
tettīgoniīs (ablative plural)
tettīgonium (singular vocative)
tettīgonia (plural vocative)

Translingual: Tettigonia (bush crickets)

[t̪ɛt̪ːiːˈɡɔniʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τεττιγονίον (tettigoníon).


crinon

crinon n (genitive crinī); second declension

crinī (genitive)
crinon (nominative singular)
crina (nominative plural)
crinī (genitive singular)
crinōrum (genitive plural)
crinō (dative singular)
crinīs (dative plural)
crinon (accusative singular)
crina (accusative plural)
crinō (ablative singular)
crinīs (ablative plural)
crinon (singular vocative)
crina (plural vocative)


mullus

mūllus m (genitive mūllī); second declension

mūllus (canonical masculine)
mūllī (genitive)
mūllus (nominative singular)
mūllī (nominative plural)
mūllī (genitive singular)
mūllōrum (genitive plural)
mūllō (dative singular)
mūllīs (dative plural)
mūllum (accusative singular)
mūllōs (accusative plural)
mūllō (ablative singular)
mūllīs (ablative plural)
mūlle (singular vocative)
mūllī (plural vocative)

Catalan: moll

desctree

Old French: mulet
→ English: mullet
French: mulet

Translingual: Mullus

⇒ Italian: mullido


tamarix

la-noun

tamarīx f (genitive tamarīcis); third declension

tamarīx (canonical feminine)
tamarīcis (genitive)
tamarīx (nominative singular)
tamarīcēs (nominative plural)
tamarīcis (genitive singular)
tamarīcum (genitive plural)
tamarīcī (dative singular)
tamarīcibus (dative plural)
tamarīcem (accusative singular)
tamarīcēs (accusative plural)
tamarīce (ablative singular)
tamarīcibus (ablative plural)
tamarīx (singular vocative)
tamarīcēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: tamariu

Italian: tamerice

Translingual: Tamarix

Spanish: tamariz

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *tamarīcŭlus

Catalan: tamarill, tamarell

Unknown, but considered a loan word. Often connected to the Celtic river Tamaris (“the river Tambre”) and the tribe Tamaricī that dwelt there.
Since the fruits of various Tamarix species have been used extensively to avail soul and body as manna and كَزْمَازَج (kazmāzaj) by the Eastern peoples and – speaking of the Iberian which coast has been colonized by speakers of Semitic languages – Afroasiatics held a considerable part of the Mediterranean coastlines where the tamarisk could be encountered, it may also be a derivation of a cognate of Arabic ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruits”), however not from Phoenician in so far as the corresponding first consonant would be 𐤔 (š), but from Aramaic where it is ת (t) or from a less known relative.
However it is apt to connect the Ancient Greek designation for the tamarisk, μυρίκη (muríkē). It seemingly contains the same suffix while only the Latin begins with a separable formans, perhaps the Late Egyptian definite article tꜣ (/tə/, “the”), or Berber where ta- forms feminine singulatives. Compare myrīcē.

List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes


glastum

glastum n (genitive glastī); second declension

glastī (genitive)
glastum (nominative singular)
glasta (nominative plural)
glastī (genitive singular)
glastōrum (genitive plural)
glastō (dative singular)
glastīs (dative plural)
glastum (accusative singular)
glasta (accusative plural)
glastō (ablative singular)
glastīs (ablative plural)
glastum (singular vocative)
glasta (plural vocative)

From Gaulish *glastom, from Proto-Celtic *glastos (“green”).


blitum

blitum n (genitive blitī); second declension

blitī (genitive)
blitum (nominative singular)
blita (nominative plural)
blitī (genitive singular)
blitōrum (genitive plural)
blitō (dative singular)
blitīs (dative plural)
blitum (accusative singular)
blita (accusative plural)
blitō (ablative singular)
blitīs (ablative plural)
blitum (singular vocative)
blita (plural vocative)

Catalan: bleda (partially)

English: blite

French: blette (partially)

Spanish: bledo

Galician: beldro, beldrogo

Old Occitan: blet

Catalan: blet

Occitan: blet

→ Hebrew: בליטץ

Sicilian: jiti


carabus

cārabus m (genitive cārabī); second declension

cārabus (canonical masculine)
cārabī (genitive)
cārabus (nominative singular)
cārabī (nominative plural)
cārabī (genitive singular)
cārabōrum (genitive plural)
cārabō (dative singular)
cārabīs (dative plural)
cārabum (accusative singular)
cārabōs (accusative plural)
cārabō (ablative singular)
cārabīs (ablative plural)
cārabe (singular vocative)
cārabī (plural vocative)

Old Catalan: càreu

Catalan: caro

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos).


vipio

vipiō m (genitive vipiōnis); third declension

vipiō (canonical masculine)
vipiōnis (genitive)
vipiō (nominative singular)
vipiōnēs (nominative plural)
vipiōnis (genitive singular)
vipiōnum (genitive plural)
vipiōnī (dative singular)
vipiōnibus (dative plural)
vipiōnem (accusative singular)
vipiōnēs (accusative plural)
vipiōne (ablative singular)
vipiōnibus (ablative plural)
vipiō (singular vocative)
vipiōnēs (plural vocative)


borago

borāgō f (genitive borāginis); third declension

borāgō (canonical feminine)
borāginis (genitive)
borāgō (nominative singular)
borāginēs (nominative plural)
borāginis (genitive singular)
borāginum (genitive plural)
borāginī (dative singular)
borāginibus (dative plural)
borāginem (accusative singular)
borāginēs (accusative plural)
borāgine (ablative singular)
borāginibus (ablative plural)
borāgō (singular vocative)
borāginēs (plural vocative)

Italian: borragine, borraggine

Old French: borage

French: bourrache

→ English: borage

→ Irish: borráiste

Old Occitan:

Catalan: borratja

→ Spanish: borraja

Old Galician-Portuguese: *borragẽ

Galician: borraxe

Portuguese: borragem

Sicilian: vurràjina

→ Bulgarian: пореч (poreč)

→ Middle Dutch: borage

Dutch: bernagie

→ Greek: μποράγο (borágo)

desctree

→ Polish: burak
→ Belarusian: бура́к (burák)
→ Russian: буря́к (burják)
→ Ukrainian: буря́к (burják)
→ Yiddish: בוריק (burik)

→ Middle Low German: boragie, borraghe

desc

→ Middle High German: boretsch, buretsch

German: Borretsch

→ Slovak: borága

From Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq).

bor

أَبُو الْعَرَق

Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq)

Borago officinalis
Borago officinalis#Translingual

(Medieval Latin) Borago officinalis, borage


aucellus

la-noun

aucellus m (genitive aucellī); second declension

aucellī (genitive)
aucellus (nominative singular)
aucellī (nominative plural)
aucellī (genitive singular)
aucellōrum (genitive plural)
aucellō (dative singular)
aucellīs (dative plural)
aucellum (accusative singular)
aucellōs (accusative plural)
aucellō (ablative singular)
aucellīs (ablative plural)
aucelle (singular vocative)
aucellī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

desc

Corsican: acellu, ucellu, ocellu, aceddu

Istriot: uzai pl

Italian: uccello

→ Ido: ucelo

Neapolitan: auciello

Sicilian: auceḍḍu, aceḍḍu, âceddu, 'uceḍḍu, 'ceḍḍu, aucieḍḍu, aucjeḍḍu, anceḍḍu

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: usel

Ligurian: öxéllo, ouxello, euxèl

Lombard: olcell, oxell

Piedmontese: osel, ausel, usel

Friulian: uciel

Romansch: utschè, utschi (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan), utschel (Surmiran)

Venetan: oxeło, oxèƚo, oxèl, oṡeo, oseo

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: usél

desctree

Old French: oisel, hoysel, oesel, oicel, oisal, oiseal, oiseaul, oiseel, oiseil, oisell, oiseul, oisil, oisseil, oissel, osel, ossel, oyseal, oysel, oysele, yseal
Angevin: oisiau
Bourbonnais-Berrichon: oisiau
Bourguignon: ouseâ
Champenois: ôgé
Franc-Comtois: ôsé
French: oiseau
Gallo: ouézai
Lorrain: ohé
Norman: ouaîsé, ouésé, ouaîthé, weze
Poitevin-Saintongeais: osea
Picard: oisieu
Walloon: oujhea

Occitano-Romance:

Old Catalan: auzell, ausel, aucel

Catalan: ocell, aucell, auzell

Gascon: ausèth, aujèth

desc

Old Occitan: auzel, aucel, ausel, auzelh

Occitan: aucèl, ausèl, auseu

Southern Lengadocian: ausèlh

Vivaro-Alpine: oseu

→ Italian: augello

Masculinisation of aucella, contraction of avicella, diminutive of avicula, itself a diminutive of avis f (“bird”). Attested from the fourth century CE.


helops

la-noun

helops m (genitive helopis); third declension

helopis (genitive)
helops (nominative singular)
helopēs (nominative plural)
helopis (genitive singular)
helopum (genitive plural)
helopī (dative singular)
helopibus (dative plural)
helopem (accusative singular)
helopēs (accusative plural)
helope (ablative singular)
helopibus (ablative plural)
helops (singular vocative)
helopēs (plural vocative)


esox

esox m (genitive esocis); third declension

esocis (genitive)
esox (nominative singular)
esocēs (nominative plural)
esocis (genitive singular)
esocum (genitive plural)
esocī (dative singular)
esocibus (dative plural)
esocem (accusative singular)
esocēs (accusative plural)
esoce (ablative singular)
esocibus (ablative plural)
esox (singular vocative)
esocēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Esox

Basque: izokin
→ Spanish: esguín

Probably from Gaulish *esoks, from Proto-Celtic *esoxs (compare Irish eo (“salmon”), Welsh Welsh eog (“salmon”)); usually also compared to Ancient Greek ἴσοξ (ísox, “unknown whale-like fish”), attested only in a vocabulary list.


acernia

la-noun

acernia f (genitive acerniae); first declension

acerniae (genitive)
acernia (nominative singular)
acerniae (nominative plural)
acerniae (genitive singular)
acerniārum (genitive plural)
acerniae (dative singular)
acerniīs (dative plural)
acerniam (accusative singular)
acerniās (accusative plural)
acerniā (ablative singular)
acerniīs (ablative plural)
acernia (singular vocative)
acerniae (plural vocative)

Catalan: xerna

Portuguese: cherna

Italian: cernia

[äˈt͡ʃɛrniä]

Regional borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀχάρνας (akhárnas), also ἀκάρναξ (akárnax), a type of fish, perhaps from Ἀκαρνανία (Akarnanía, “Acarnania”), i.e. the Acarnanian fish.


alausa

alausa f (genitive alausae); first declension

alausae (genitive)
alausa (nominative singular)
alausae (nominative plural)
alausae (genitive singular)
alausārum (genitive plural)
alausae (dative singular)
alausīs (dative plural)
alausam (accusative singular)
alausās (accusative plural)
alausā (ablative singular)
alausīs (ablative plural)
alausa (singular vocative)
alausae (plural vocative)

French: alose

Italian: alosa

[äˈɫ̪äu̯s̠ä]

From Gaulish *alausa, but without any known Celtic correlations, it may ultimately be a substrate borrowing.


nerium

nerium n (genitive neriī or nerī); second declension

neriī (genitive)
nerī (genitive)
nerium (nominative singular)
neria (nominative plural)
neriī (genitive singular)
nerī (genitive singular)
neriōrum (genitive plural)
neriō (dative singular)
neriīs (dative plural)
nerium (accusative singular)
neria (accusative plural)
neriō (ablative singular)
neriīs (ablative plural)
nerium (singular vocative)
neria (plural vocative)

Translingual: Nerium

Nerium oleander
Nerium oleander#Translingual


volaemum

volaemum n (genitive volaemī); second declension

volaemī (genitive)
volaemum (nominative singular)
volaema (nominative plural)
volaemī (genitive singular)
volaemōrum (genitive plural)
volaemō (dative singular)
volaemīs (dative plural)
volaemum (accusative singular)
volaema (accusative plural)
volaemō (ablative singular)
volaemīs (ablative plural)
volaemum (singular vocative)
volaema (plural vocative)

[u̯ɔˈɫ̪äe̯mʊ̃ˑ]

Usually connected to Oscan 𐌅𐌀𐌋𐌀𐌉𐌌𐌀𐌔 (valaimas) and South Picene 𐌅𐌄𐌋𐌀𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌔 (velaimes), derived from Proto-Italic *welaisVmos (“best”), a superlative from the root Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule, powerful”), whence also valeō (“to be strong, well”).
The loss of -s- in this superlative indicates a borrowing from a Sabellic language, which Prósper specifies as Oscan.
Parallels between the suffixes of volaemum and Proto-Slavic *golěmъ (“large”) were drawn by Trubachyov, presuming a common suffix *-ai-mos. But given now the Italic word is now considered a superlative *-a-isVmos, this comparison must be abandoned.
A folk etymology, of being so called because one is so large that the vola (“cupped hand”) envelops the former when the latter approaches from below, can be inferred from Maurus Servius Honoratus’s Commentary to Georgica 2, 88: Nam et volema ab eo quod volam impleant dicta sunt. Unde et involare dicimus. Whereafter it is noted dismissively, in a probable interpolation, that it is the word for “large” in Gaulish: Volema autem, Gallica lingua, bona et grandia dicuntur. sed magis dicta sunt ab eo, quod volam implicant. Despite this, any attribution of volaemum to Gaulish is rejected by Untermann.

der

Georgics
Maurus Servius Honoratus
Oleg Trubachyov


isatis

la-noun

īsatis f (genitive īsatidis); third declension

īsatis (canonical feminine)
īsatidis (genitive)
īsatis (nominative singular)
īsatidēs (nominative plural)
īsatidis (genitive singular)
īsatidum (genitive plural)
īsatidī (dative singular)
īsatidibus (dative plural)
īsatidem (accusative singular)
īsatidēs (accusative plural)
īsatide (ablative singular)
īsatidibus (ablative plural)
īsatis (singular vocative)
īsatidēs (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Isatis


cnecos

cnēcos f (genitive cnēcī); second declension

cnēcos (canonical feminine)
cnēcī (genitive)
cnēcos (nominative singular)
cnēcī (nominative plural)
cnēcī (genitive singular)
cnēcōrum (genitive plural)
cnēcō (dative singular)
cnēcīs (dative plural)
cnēcon (accusative singular)
cnēcōs (accusative plural)
cnēcō (ablative singular)
cnēcīs (ablative plural)
cnēce (singular vocative)
cnēcī (plural vocative)


serpyllum

serpyllum n (genitive serpyllī); second declension

serpyllī (genitive)
serpyllum (nominative singular)
serpylla (nominative plural)
serpyllī (genitive singular)
serpyllōrum (genitive plural)
serpyllō (dative singular)
serpyllīs (dative plural)
serpyllum (accusative singular)
serpylla (accusative plural)
serpyllō (ablative singular)
serpyllīs (ablative plural)
serpyllum (singular vocative)
serpylla (plural vocative)

serpullum

Catalan: serpoll

Occitan: serpol

Spanish: serpol

*serpullellum

Italian: sermollino

Romanian: serpunél

serpillum

Italian: serpillo

From Ancient Greek ἕρπυλλος (hérpullos). This spelling is educated. In Old Latin the spelling serpullum was dominating, the Greek origin not being well known, and this form stays in speech up to Romance.


ononis

onōnis f (genitive onōnidis); third declension

onōnis (canonical feminine)
onōnidis (genitive)
onōnis (nominative singular)
onōnidēs (nominative plural)
onōnidis (genitive singular)
onōnidum (genitive plural)
onōnidī (dative singular)
onōnidibus (dative plural)
onōnidem (accusative singular)
onōnidēs (accusative plural)
onōnide (ablative singular)
onōnidibus (ablative plural)
onōnis (singular vocative)
onōnidēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Ononis


albucus

albūcus m (genitive albūcī); second declension

albūcus (canonical masculine)
albūcī (genitive)
albūcus (nominative singular)
albūcī (nominative plural)
albūcī (genitive singular)
albūcōrum (genitive plural)
albūcō (dative singular)
albūcīs (dative plural)
albūcum (accusative singular)
albūcōs (accusative plural)
albūcō (ablative singular)
albūcīs (ablative plural)
albūce (singular vocative)
albūcī (plural vocative)

[äɫ̪ˈbuːkʊs̠]

albus (“white”) + -ūcus, a suffix common to several other Latin phytonyms, and a semantic connection found in other languages for the same plant, e.g. Arabic بَرْوَق (barwaq) from Aramaic ברוק (bārōq, “shiny-yellowish”).


eumeces

eumēcēs m or f (genitive eumēcis); third declension

eumēces n (genitive eumēcis); third declension

eumēcēs (canonical feminine masculine)
eumēcis (genitive)
eumēces (canonical neuter)
eumēcis (genitive)
eumēcēs (nominative singular)
eumēcēs (nominative plural)
eumēcis (genitive singular)
eumēcium (genitive plural)
eumēcī (dative singular)
eumēcibus (dative plural)
eumēcem (accusative singular)
eumēcēs (accusative plural)
eumēcīs (accusative plural)
eumēce (ablative singular)
eumēcibus (ablative plural)
eumēcēs (singular vocative)
eumēcēs (plural vocative)
eumēces (nominative singular)
eumēca (nominative plural)
eumēcis (genitive singular)
eumēcum (genitive plural)
eumēcī (dative singular)
eumēcibus (dative plural)
eumēces (accusative singular)
eumēca (accusative plural)
eumēce (ablative singular)
eumēcibus (ablative plural)
eumēces (singular vocative)
eumēca (plural vocative)
Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Borrowed from Ancient Greek εὐμῆκες (eumêkes, “very long”).


eupetalos

la-noun

eupetalos f (genitive eupetalī); second declension

eupetalī (genitive)
eupetalos (nominative singular)
eupetalī (nominative plural)
eupetalī (genitive singular)
eupetalōrum (genitive plural)
eupetalō (dative singular)
eupetalīs (dative plural)
eupetalon (accusative singular)
eupetalōs (accusative plural)
eupetalō (ablative singular)
eupetalīs (ablative plural)
eupetale (singular vocative)
eupetalī (plural vocative)

[ɛu̯ˈpɛt̪äɫ̪ɔs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek εὐπέταλος (eupétalos), from εὖ (eû, “well, good”) + πέταλος (pétalos, “broad, flat”).


mesoleucos

mesoleucos m (genitive mesoleucī); second declension

mesoleucī (genitive)
mesoleucos (nominative singular)
mesoleucī (nominative plural)
mesoleucī (genitive singular)
mesoleucōrum (genitive plural)
mesoleucō (dative singular)
mesoleucīs (dative plural)
mesoleucon (accusative singular)
mesoleucōs (accusative plural)
mesoleucō (ablative singular)
mesoleucīs (ablative plural)
mesoleuce (singular vocative)
mesoleucī (plural vocative)

[mɛs̠ɔˈɫ̪ɛu̯kɔs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μεσόλευκος (mesóleukos, “middling white”), from μέσος (mésos, “middle”) + λευκός (leukós, “white”).


narita

la-noun

nārīta f (genitive nārītae); first declension

nārīta (canonical feminine)
nārītae (genitive)
nārīta (nominative singular)
nārītae (nominative plural)
nārītae (genitive singular)
nārītārum (genitive plural)
nārītae (dative singular)
nārītīs (dative plural)
nārītam (accusative singular)
nārītās (accusative plural)
nārītā (ablative singular)
nārītīs (ablative plural)
nārīta (singular vocative)
nārītae (plural vocative)


volucra

volū̆cra f (genitive volū̆crae); first declension

volū̆cra (canonical feminine)
volū̆crae (genitive)
volū̆cra (nominative singular)
volū̆crae (nominative plural)
volū̆crae (genitive singular)
volū̆crārum (genitive plural)
volū̆crae (dative singular)
volū̆crīs (dative plural)
volū̆cram (accusative singular)
volū̆crās (accusative plural)
volū̆crā (ablative singular)
volū̆crīs (ablative plural)
volū̆cra (singular vocative)
volū̆crae (plural vocative)

[u̯ɔˈɫ̪uːkrä]

[ˈu̯ɔɫ̪ʊkrä]

From volvō (“I roll”). Compare convolvulus, involvulus. Sen 2015 considers its development to be connected to that of volucer (“flying, winged”).

4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Arboribus 15.1.Genus est animalis, volucra appellatur; id fere praerodit teneros adhuc pampinos et uvas.

A kind of worm or caterpillar that wraps itself up in vine-leaves


rhoeas

rhoeas f (genitive rhoeadis); third declension

rhoeadis (genitive)
rhoeas (nominative singular)
rhoeadēs (nominative plural)
rhoeadis (genitive singular)
rhoeadum (genitive plural)
rhoeadī (dative singular)
rhoeadibus (dative plural)
rhoeadem (accusative singular)
rhoeadēs (accusative plural)
rhoeade (ablative singular)
rhoeadibus (ablative plural)
rhoeas (singular vocative)
rhoeadēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Papaver rhoeas

From Ancient Greek ῥοιάς (rhoiás), which could be from ῥέω (rhéō, “I flow, run”) or a Pre-Greek loan.


echeneis

echenēis f (genitive echenēidis); third declension

echenēis (canonical feminine)
echenēidis (genitive)
echenēis (nominative singular)
echenēidēs (nominative plural)
echenēidis (genitive singular)
echenēidum (genitive plural)
echenēidī (dative singular)
echenēidibus (dative plural)
echenēidem (accusative singular)
echenēidēs (accusative plural)
echenēide (ablative singular)
echenēidibus (ablative plural)
echenēis (singular vocative)
echenēidēs (plural vocative)

[ɛkʰɛˈneːɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐχενηΐς (ekhenēḯs).


peucedanum

peucedanum n (genitive peucedanī); second declension

peucedanī (genitive)
peucedanum (nominative singular)
peucedana (nominative plural)
peucedanī (genitive singular)
peucedanōrum (genitive plural)
peucedanō (dative singular)
peucedanīs (dative plural)
peucedanum (accusative singular)
peucedana (accusative plural)
peucedanō (ablative singular)
peucedanīs (ablative plural)
peucedanum (singular vocative)
peucedana (plural vocative)

Translingual: Peucedanum

[pɛu̯ˈkɛd̪änʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek πευκέδανον (peukédanon).


chalcis

chalcis f (genitive chalcidis); third declension

chalcidis (genitive)
chalcis (nominative singular)
chalcidēs (nominative plural)
chalcidis (genitive singular)
chalcidum (genitive plural)
chalcidī (dative singular)
chalcidibus (dative plural)
chalcidem (accusative singular)
chalcidēs (accusative plural)
chalcide (ablative singular)
chalcidibus (ablative plural)
chalcis (singular vocative)
chalcidēs (plural vocative)

[ˈkʰäɫ̪kɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χαλκίς (khalkís).

A type of fish, possibly a sardine or herring.


vernatio

vernātiō f (genitive vernātiōnis); third declension

vernātiō (canonical feminine)
vernātiōnis (genitive)
vernātiō (nominative singular)
vernātiōnēs (nominative plural)
vernātiōnis (genitive singular)
vernātiōnum (genitive plural)
vernātiōnī (dative singular)
vernātiōnibus (dative plural)
vernātiōnem (accusative singular)
vernātiōnēs (accusative plural)
vernātiōne (ablative singular)
vernātiōnibus (ablative plural)
vernātiō (singular vocative)
vernātiōnēs (plural vocative)

English: vernation

French: vernation

From vernāre (“to be verdant, to flourish”) + -tiō (“-tion: forming abstract nouns”), from vernus (“springlike”) + -āre (verb-forming suffix), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥.

suffix

sloughing, the shedding of old skin by snakes


scincos

la-noun

scincos m (genitive scincī); second declension

scincī (genitive)
scincos (nominative singular)
scincī (nominative plural)
scincī (genitive singular)
scincōrum (genitive plural)
scincō (dative singular)
scincīs (dative plural)
scincon (accusative singular)
scincōs (accusative plural)
scincō (ablative singular)
scincīs (ablative plural)
scince (singular vocative)
scincī (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠kɪŋkɔs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σκίγκος (skínkos), a variant of σκίγγος (skíngos).


cybium

cybium n (genitive cybiī or cybī); second declension

cybiī (genitive)
cybī (genitive)
cybium (nominative singular)
cybia (nominative plural)
cybiī (genitive singular)
cybī (genitive singular)
cybiōrum (genitive plural)
cybiō (dative singular)
cybiīs (dative plural)
cybium (accusative singular)
cybia (accusative plural)
cybiō (ablative singular)
cybiīs (ablative plural)
cybium (singular vocative)
cybia (plural vocative)

A dish made of pieces of the tunny fish salted and chopped


phrynos

phrȳnos m (genitive phrȳnī); second declension

phrȳnos (canonical masculine)
phrȳnī (genitive)
phrȳnos (nominative singular)
phrȳnī (nominative plural)
phrȳnī (genitive singular)
phrȳnōrum (genitive plural)
phrȳnō (dative singular)
phrȳnīs (dative plural)
phrȳnon (accusative singular)
phrȳnōs (accusative plural)
phrȳnō (ablative singular)
phrȳnīs (ablative plural)
phrȳne (singular vocative)
phrȳnī (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φρύνος (phrúnos).


apocynon

apocynon n (genitive apocynī); second declension

apocynī (genitive)
apocynon (nominative singular)
apocyna (nominative plural)
apocynī (genitive singular)
apocynōrum (genitive plural)
apocynō (dative singular)
apocynīs (dative plural)
apocynon (accusative singular)
apocyna (accusative plural)
apocynō (ablative singular)
apocynīs (ablative plural)
apocynon (singular vocative)
apocyna (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀπόκυνον (apókunon), from ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”) and κυνός (kunós, “dog”).


callionymus

calliōnymus m (genitive calliōnymī); second declension

calliōnymus (canonical masculine)
calliōnymī (genitive)
calliōnymus (nominative singular)
calliōnymī (nominative plural)
calliōnymī (genitive singular)
calliōnymōrum (genitive plural)
calliōnymō (dative singular)
calliōnymīs (dative plural)
calliōnymum (accusative singular)
calliōnymōs (accusative plural)
calliōnymō (ablative singular)
calliōnymīs (ablative plural)
calliōnyme (singular vocative)
calliōnymī (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek καλλιώνυμος (kalliṓnumos).

A kind of small, bottom-dwelling fish, possibly a stargazer (of family Uranoscopidae)


diopetes

diopetēs m (genitive diopetis); third declension

diopetēs (canonical masculine)
diopetis (genitive)
diopetēs (nominative singular)
diopetēs (nominative plural)
diopetis (genitive singular)
diopetium (genitive plural)
diopetī (dative singular)
diopetibus (dative plural)
diopetem (accusative singular)
diopetēs (accusative plural)
diopetīs (accusative plural)
diopete (ablative singular)
diopetibus (ablative plural)
diopetēs (singular vocative)
diopetēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek διοπετής (diopetḗs, “falling from heaven”).


coluthia

la-noun

colūthia n pl (genitive colūthiōrum); second declension

colūthia (canonical neuter plural)
colūthiōrum (genitive)
colūthia (nominative plural)
colūthiōrum (genitive plural)
colūthiīs (dative plural)
colūthia (accusative plural)
colūthiīs (ablative plural)
colūthia (plural vocative)

[kɔˈɫ̪uːt̪ʰiä]

(plural only) A kind of snail of a dark color


coryphia

coryphia n pl (genitive coryphiōrum); second declension

coryphiōrum (genitive)
coryphia (nominative plural)
coryphiōrum (genitive plural)
coryphiīs (dative plural)
coryphia (accusative plural)
coryphiīs (ablative plural)
coryphia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κορύφιον (korúphion, “a mollusc”).

bor

(plural only) A kind of murex yielding a purple dye


dorycnion

la-noun

dorycnion n (genitive dorycniī); second declension

dorycniī (genitive)
dorycnion (nominative singular)
dorycnia (nominative plural)
dorycniī (genitive singular)
dorycniōrum (genitive plural)
dorycniō (dative singular)
dorycniīs (dative plural)
dorycnion (accusative singular)
dorycnia (accusative plural)
dorycniō (ablative singular)
dorycniīs (ablative plural)
dorycnion (singular vocative)
dorycnia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δορύκνιον (dorúknion, “Convolvulus oleaefolius”).


erythinus

la-noun

erythīnus m (genitive erythīnī); second declension

erythīnus (canonical masculine)
erythīnī (genitive)
erythīnus (nominative singular)
erythīnī (nominative plural)
erythīnī (genitive singular)
erythīnōrum (genitive plural)
erythīnō (dative singular)
erythīnīs (dative plural)
erythīnum (accusative singular)
erythīnōs (accusative plural)
erythīnō (ablative singular)
erythīnīs (ablative plural)
erythīne (singular vocative)
erythīnī (plural vocative)

[ɛrʏˈt̪ʰiːnʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐρυθῖνος (eruthînos).


squatina

squātina f (genitive squātinae); first declension

squātina (canonical feminine)
squātinae (genitive)
squātina (nominative singular)
squātinae (nominative plural)
squātinae (genitive singular)
squātinārum (genitive plural)
squātinae (dative singular)
squātinīs (dative plural)
squātinam (accusative singular)
squātinās (accusative plural)
squātinā (ablative singular)
squātinīs (ablative plural)
squātina (singular vocative)
squātinae (plural vocative)


pistris

pistris f (genitive pistris); third declension

pistris (genitive)
pistris (nominative singular)
pistrēs (nominative plural)
pistris (genitive singular)
pistrium (genitive plural)
pistrī (dative singular)
pistribus (dative plural)
pistrem (accusative singular)
pistrēs (accusative plural)
pistrīs (accusative plural)
pistre (ablative singular)
pistribus (ablative plural)
pistris (singular vocative)
pistrēs (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πίστρις (pístris), variant of Ancient Greek πρίστις (prístis).

Any sea monster; a whale, shark, sawfish


drino

drinō m (genitive drinōnis); third declension

drinō (canonical masculine)
drinōnis (genitive)
drinō (nominative singular)
drinōnēs (nominative plural)
drinōnis (genitive singular)
drinōnum (genitive plural)
drinōnī (dative singular)
drinōnibus (dative plural)
drinōnem (accusative singular)
drinōnēs (accusative plural)
drinōne (ablative singular)
drinōnibus (ablative plural)
drinō (singular vocative)
drinōnēs (plural vocative)


aphya

aphya f (genitive aphyae); first declension

aphyae (genitive)
aphya (nominative singular)
aphyae (nominative plural)
aphyae (genitive singular)
aphyārum (genitive plural)
aphyae (dative singular)
aphyīs (dative plural)
aphyam (accusative singular)
aphyās (accusative plural)
aphyā (ablative singular)
aphyīs (ablative plural)
aphya (singular vocative)
aphyae (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀφύη (aphúē).


colias

coliās m (genitive coliae); first declension

coliās (canonical masculine)
coliae (genitive)
coliās (nominative singular)
coliae (nominative plural)
coliae (genitive singular)
coliārum (genitive plural)
coliae (dative singular)
coliīs (dative plural)
coliān (accusative singular)
coliās (accusative plural)
coliā (ablative singular)
coliīs (ablative plural)
coliā (singular vocative)
coliae (plural vocative)

[ˈkɔlʲiäːs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κολῐ́ᾱς (kolĭ́ās, “coly-mackerel, Scomber colias”).


lamyrus

la-noun

lamyrus m (genitive lamyrī); second declension

lamyrī (genitive)
lamyrus (nominative singular)
lamyrī (nominative plural)
lamyrī (genitive singular)
lamyrōrum (genitive plural)
lamyrō (dative singular)
lamyrīs (dative plural)
lamyrum (accusative singular)
lamyrōs (accusative plural)
lamyrō (ablative singular)
lamyrīs (ablative plural)
lamyre (singular vocative)
lamyrī (plural vocative)

[ˈɫ̪ämʏrʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λάμυρος (lámuros).


phager

phager m (genitive phagrī); second declension

phagrī (genitive)
phager (nominative singular)
phagrī (nominative plural)
phagrī (genitive singular)
phagrōrum (genitive plural)
phagrō (dative singular)
phagrīs (dative plural)
phagrum (accusative singular)
phagrōs (accusative plural)
phagrō (ablative singular)
phagrīs (ablative plural)
phager (singular vocative)
phagrī (plural vocative)

Catalan: pagre

Galician: prago

Spanish: pargo

→ English: porgy

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φάγρος (phágros, “sea-bream, braize, Pagrus vulgaris”).


astacus

la-noun

astacus m (genitive astacī); second declension

astacī (genitive)
astacus (nominative singular)
astacī (nominative plural)
astacī (genitive singular)
astacōrum (genitive plural)
astacō (dative singular)
astacīs (dative plural)
astacum (accusative singular)
astacōs (accusative plural)
astacō (ablative singular)
astacīs (ablative plural)
astace (singular vocative)
astacī (plural vocative)

Italian: astice

Translingual: Astacus

[ˈäs̠t̪äkʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀστακός (astakós, “smooth lobster”).


smyrus

la-noun

smȳrus m (genitive smȳrī); second declension

smȳrus (canonical masculine)
smȳrī (genitive)
smȳrus (nominative singular)
smȳrī (nominative plural)
smȳrī (genitive singular)
smȳrōrum (genitive plural)
smȳrō (dative singular)
smȳrīs (dative plural)
smȳrum (accusative singular)
smȳrōs (accusative plural)
smȳrō (ablative singular)
smȳrīs (ablative plural)
smȳre (singular vocative)
smȳrī (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σμῦρος (smûros, “eel”).


thranis

thranis m (genitive thranis); third declension

thranis (genitive)
thranis (nominative singular)
thranēs (nominative plural)
thranis (genitive singular)
thranium (genitive plural)
thranī (dative singular)
thranibus (dative plural)
thranem (accusative singular)
thranēs (accusative plural)
thranīs (accusative plural)
thrane (ablative singular)
thranibus (ablative plural)
thranis (singular vocative)
thranēs (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪ʰränɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek θράνις (thránis).


thrissa

thrissa f (genitive thrissae); first declension

thrissae (genitive)
thrissa (nominative singular)
thrissae (nominative plural)
thrissae (genitive singular)
thrissārum (genitive plural)
thrissae (dative singular)
thrissīs (dative plural)
thrissam (accusative singular)
thrissās (accusative plural)
thrissā (ablative singular)
thrissīs (ablative plural)
thrissa (singular vocative)
thrissae (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪ʰrɪs̠ːä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek θρίσσα (thríssa).


gingidion

gingidion n (genitive gingidiī); second declension

gingidiī (genitive)
gingidion (nominative singular)
gingidia (nominative plural)
gingidiī (genitive singular)
gingidiōrum (genitive plural)
gingidiō (dative singular)
gingidiīs (dative plural)
gingidion (accusative singular)
gingidia (accusative plural)
gingidiō (ablative singular)
gingidiīs (ablative plural)
gingidion (singular vocative)
gingidia (plural vocative)

[ɡɪŋˈɡɪd̪iɔn]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γιγγίδιον (gingídion).


siser

siser n (genitive siseris); third declension

siseris (genitive)
siser (nominative singular)
siserēs (nominative plural)
siseris (genitive singular)
siserum (genitive plural)
siserī (dative singular)
siseribus (dative plural)
siser (accusative singular)
siserēs (accusative plural)
sisere (ablative singular)
siseribus (ablative plural)
siser (singular vocative)
siserēs (plural vocative)

la-ndecl

A non-neuter plural (masculine per Lewis and Short, feminine per Gaffiot) is found in Pliny.


caesapon

la-noun

caesapon n (genitive caesapī); second declension

caesapī (genitive)
caesapon (nominative singular)
caesapa (nominative plural)
caesapī (genitive singular)
caesapōrum (genitive plural)
caesapō (dative singular)
caesapīs (dative plural)
caesapon (accusative singular)
caesapa (accusative plural)
caesapō (ablative singular)
caesapīs (ablative plural)
caesapon (singular vocative)
caesapa (plural vocative)

[ˈt͡ʃɛːs̬äpon]


chreston

chrēston n (genitive chrēstī); second declension

chrēston (canonical neuter)
chrēstī (genitive)
chrēston (nominative singular)
chrēsta (nominative plural)
chrēstī (genitive singular)
chrēstōrum (genitive plural)
chrēstō (dative singular)
chrēstīs (dative plural)
chrēston (accusative singular)
chrēsta (accusative plural)
chrēstō (ablative singular)
chrēstīs (ablative plural)
chrēston (singular vocative)
chrēsta (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χρηστόν (khrēstón), from χρηστός (khrēstós, “useful”).

Another name for the plant called cichorium


marathrum

marathrum n (genitive marathrī); second declension

marathrī (genitive)
marathrum (nominative singular)
marathra (nominative plural)
marathrī (genitive singular)
marathrōrum (genitive plural)
marathrō (dative singular)
marathrīs (dative plural)
marathrum (accusative singular)
marathra (accusative plural)
marathrō (ablative singular)
marathrīs (ablative plural)
marathrum (singular vocative)
marathra (plural vocative)

>? Romanian: mărar

desc

→? Old Church Slavonic: молотрь (molotrĭ)

>? Dalmatian:

→ Serbo-Croatian: mȍtar (“sea fennel”)

[ˈmärät̪ʰrʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek μάραθρον (márathron), μάραθον (márathon).


pistacium

la-noun

pistacium n (genitive pistaciī or pistacī); second declension

pistaciī (genitive)
pistacī (genitive)
pistacium (nominative singular)
pistacia (nominative plural)
pistaciī (genitive singular)
pistacī (genitive singular)
pistaciōrum (genitive plural)
pistaciō (dative singular)
pistaciīs (dative plural)
pistacium (accusative singular)
pistacia (accusative plural)
pistaciō (ablative singular)
pistaciīs (ablative plural)
pistacium (singular vocative)
pistacia (plural vocative)

→ Czech: pistácie

→ Danish: pistacie

→ Estonian: pistaatsia

→ German: Pistazie

→ Hungarian: pisztácia

→ Icelandic: pistasía

→ Italian: pistacchio (see there for further descendants)

→ Latvian: pistācija

→ Lower Sorbian: pistacija

→ Norwegian: pistasie

→ Old French: pistace

French: pistache (see there for further descendants)

→ Polish: pistacja

→ Portuguese: pistácio, pistácia

Romansch: pistazia

→ Slovene: pistacija

→ Upper Sorbian: pistacija

[pɪs̠ˈt̪äkiʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πιστᾰ́κιον (pistắkion). See also πιστάκη (pistákē).


thymbra

thymbra f (genitive thymbrae); first declension

thymbrae (genitive)
thymbra (nominative singular)
thymbrae (nominative plural)
thymbrae (genitive singular)
thymbrārum (genitive plural)
thymbrae (dative singular)
thymbrīs (dative plural)
thymbram (accusative singular)
thymbrās (accusative plural)
thymbrā (ablative singular)
thymbrīs (ablative plural)
thymbra (singular vocative)
thymbrae (plural vocative)

Satureja hortensis
Satureja hortensis#Translingual


libanotis

libanōtis f (genitive libanōtidis); third declension

libanōtis (canonical feminine)
libanōtidis (genitive)
libanōtis (nominative singular)
libanōtidēs (nominative plural)
libanōtidis (genitive singular)
libanōtidum (genitive plural)
libanōtidī (dative singular)
libanōtidibus (dative plural)
libanōtidem (accusative singular)
libanōtidēs (accusative plural)
libanōtide (ablative singular)
libanōtidibus (ablative plural)
libanōtis (singular vocative)
libanōtidēs (plural vocative)

[lʲɪbäˈnoːt̪ɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λιβανωτίς (libanōtís).


verbascum

verbascum n (genitive verbascī); second declension

verbascī (genitive)
verbascum (nominative singular)
verbasca (nominative plural)
verbascī (genitive singular)
verbascōrum (genitive plural)
verbascō (dative singular)
verbascīs (dative plural)
verbascum (accusative singular)
verbasca (accusative plural)
verbascō (ablative singular)
verbascīs (ablative plural)
verbascum (singular vocative)
verbasca (plural vocative)

Italian: verbasco

Translingual: Verbascum


malope

mālopē f (genitive mālopēs); first declension

mālopē (canonical feminine)
mālopēs (genitive)
mālopē (nominative singular)
mālopae (nominative plural)
mālopēs (genitive singular)
mālopārum (genitive plural)
mālopae (dative singular)
mālopīs (dative plural)
mālopēn (accusative singular)
mālopās (accusative plural)
mālopē (ablative singular)
mālopīs (ablative plural)
mālopē (singular vocative)
mālopae (plural vocative)

[ˈmäːɫ̪ɔpeː]


tordylion

tordȳlion n (genitive tordȳliī); second declension

tordȳlion (canonical neuter)
tordȳliī (genitive)
tordȳlion (nominative singular)
tordȳlia (nominative plural)
tordȳliī (genitive singular)
tordȳliōrum (genitive plural)
tordȳliō (dative singular)
tordȳliīs (dative plural)
tordȳlion (accusative singular)
tordȳlia (accusative plural)
tordȳliō (ablative singular)
tordȳliīs (ablative plural)
tordȳlion (singular vocative)
tordȳlia (plural vocative)

Translingual: Tordylium

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τορδῡ́λιον (tordū́lion), alternative form of τόρδῡλον (tórdūlon).


seselis

seselis f (genitive seselis); third declension

seselis (genitive)
seselis (nominative singular)
seselēs (nominative plural)
seselis (genitive singular)
seselium (genitive plural)
seselī (dative singular)
seselibus (dative plural)
seselem (accusative singular)
seselēs (accusative plural)
seselīs (accusative plural)
sesele (ablative singular)
seselibus (ablative plural)
seselis (singular vocative)
seselēs (plural vocative)

Translingual: Seseli

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σέσελις (séselis).

saxifrage, hartwort, seseli (likely including a hotchpotch of Apiaceae, of the genera Seseli, Tordylium, Bupleurum, Saxifraga, no more and no less than the Greek name)


lamium

lamium n (genitive lamiī or lamī); second declension

lamiī (genitive)
lamī (genitive)
lamium (nominative singular)
lamia (nominative plural)
lamiī (genitive singular)
lamī (genitive singular)
lamiōrum (genitive plural)
lamiō (dative singular)
lamiīs (dative plural)
lamium (accusative singular)
lamia (accusative plural)
lamiō (ablative singular)
lamiīs (ablative plural)
lamium (singular vocative)
lamia (plural vocative)

Translingual: Lamium


cirsion

cirsion n (genitive cirsiī); second declension

cirsiī (genitive)
cirsion (nominative singular)
cirsia (nominative plural)
cirsiī (genitive singular)
cirsiōrum (genitive plural)
cirsiō (dative singular)
cirsiīs (dative plural)
cirsion (accusative singular)
cirsia (accusative plural)
cirsiō (ablative singular)
cirsiīs (ablative plural)
cirsion (singular vocative)
cirsia (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κίρσιον (kírsion).


unedo

unedō m (genitive unedōnis); third declension

unedō (canonical masculine)
unedōnis (genitive)
unedō (nominative singular)
unedōnēs (nominative plural)
unedōnis (genitive singular)
unedōnum (genitive plural)
unedōnī (dative singular)
unedōnibus (dative plural)
unedōnem (accusative singular)
unedōnēs (accusative plural)
unedōne (ablative singular)
unedōnibus (ablative plural)
unedō (singular vocative)
unedōnēs (plural vocative)

Unknown. One only knows a folk etymology by Pliny that it comes from ūnum (“one”) + edō (“eat”) because only one fruit could be eaten at a time due to the foul taste—but the strawberry tree fruit is not commonly counted foul, albeit relatively bland.

⇒ French: olonier

by 1900 died out everywhere but in Royan (Charente-Inférieure)


comaron

comaron n (genitive comarī); second declension

comarī (genitive)
comaron (nominative singular)
comara (nominative plural)
comarī (genitive singular)
comarōrum (genitive plural)
comarō (dative singular)
comarīs (dative plural)
comaron (accusative singular)
comara (accusative plural)
comarō (ablative singular)
comarīs (ablative plural)
comaron (singular vocative)
comara (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόμαρον (kómaron), variant of κόμαρος (kómaros).


oniros

onīros m (genitive onīrī); second declension

onīros (canonical masculine)
onīrī (genitive)
onīros (nominative singular)
onīrī (nominative plural)
onīrī (genitive singular)
onīrōrum (genitive plural)
onīrō (dative singular)
onīrīs (dative plural)
onīron (accusative singular)
onīrōs (accusative plural)
onīrō (ablative singular)
onīrīs (ablative plural)
onīre (singular vocative)
onīrī (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὄνειρος (óneiros, “dream”), due to its soporific qualities.


ostriago

la-noun

ostriāgō f (genitive ostriāginis); third declension

ostriāgō (canonical feminine)
ostriāginis (genitive)
ostriāgō (nominative singular)
ostriāginēs (nominative plural)
ostriāginis (genitive singular)
ostriāginum (genitive plural)
ostriāginī (dative singular)
ostriāginibus (dative plural)
ostriāginem (accusative singular)
ostriāginēs (accusative plural)
ostriāgine (ablative singular)
ostriāginibus (ablative plural)
ostriāgō (singular vocative)
ostriāginēs (plural vocative)

[ɔs̠t̪riˈäːɡoː]


scolymos

scolymos m (genitive scolymī); second declension

scolymī (genitive)
scolymos (nominative singular)
scolymī (nominative plural)
scolymī (genitive singular)
scolymōrum (genitive plural)
scolymō (dative singular)
scolymīs (dative plural)
scolymon (accusative singular)
scolymōs (accusative plural)
scolymō (ablative singular)
scolymīs (ablative plural)
scolyme (singular vocative)
scolymī (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠kɔlʲʏmɔs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σκόλυμος (skólumos).