dar

דאר (Hebrew)
dar (infinitive)
dando (gerund)
dado (participle)
do (first-person indicative present singular)
das (indicative present second-person singular)
da (indicative present singular)
damos (indicative plural present)
dash (indicative plural present)
dan (indicative plural present)
dava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
davas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dava (imperfect indicative singular)
dávamos (imperfect indicative plural)
davash (imperfect indicative plural)
davan (imperfect indicative plural)
di (first-person indicative preterite singular)
dates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
dyo (indicative preterite singular)
dio (indicative preterite singular)
dimos (indicative plural preterite)
datesh (indicative plural preterite)
dyeron (indicative plural preterite)
dieron (indicative plural preterite)
dare (first-person future indicative singular)
daré (first-person future indicative singular)
darás (future indicative second-person singular)
dará (future indicative singular)
daremos (future indicative plural)
darásh (future indicative plural)
darán (future indicative plural)
dariya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
dariyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
dariya (conditional indicative singular)
dariyamos (conditional indicative plural)
dariyash (conditional indicative plural)
dariyan (conditional indicative plural)
dé (first-person present singular subjunctive)
des (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dé (present singular subjunctive)
demos (plural present subjunctive)
desh (plural present subjunctive)
den (plural present subjunctive)
dyera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
diera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
dyeras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
dieras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
dyera (past singular subjunctive)
diera (past singular subjunctive)
dyéramos (past plural subjunctive)
diéramos (past plural subjunctive)
dyerash (past plural subjunctive)
dierash (past plural subjunctive)
dyeran (past plural subjunctive)
dieran (past plural subjunctive)
dé (imperative)
da (imperative second-person)
dé (imperative singular)
demos (imperative plural)
da (imperative plural)
dad (imperative plural)
den (imperative plural)
no dé (imperative)
no des (imperative second-person)
no dé (imperative singular)
no demos (imperative plural)
no desh (imperative plural)
no den (imperative plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish dar (“to give”), from Latin dare, from Proto-Italic *didō, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti, from the root *deh₃- (“give”).

inh+

Penso entonses a dar la notisya a sus paryentes i a su suegro Hayim Pacha.

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 3:

She then thought to give notice to her relatives and her brother-in-law Hayim Pacha.

O porke el ke se empresto el livro se olvida, o porke se averguensa de darlo atras manchado o arazgado, o mizmo porke, segun akontese munchas vezes, el es un bibliofil para el kual es difisil de separarse de un livro ke le paso por la mano, el fakto es ke por una o otra de estas razones i munchas mas, los livros emprestados a otros raramente tornan a sus lugar, en la biblioteka del ken los empresto.

2001, Aki Yerushalayim, volume 22, page 82:

Either because he who lent the book forgot it, or because it shames one to give it back stained or torn, or even because, as it happens many times, he is a bibliophile for whom it is difficult to separate himself from a book that spent time in his hand, the fact is that for one or another of these reasons and many more, books lent to others rarely return to their place: in the library of who borrowed them.

Sulucha, te dare un konsejo de nikochera: por sedaka, no tengas trato ni kon politikos, ni kon ombres kazados.

2005, La Lettre Sépharade, numbers 20–31, →ISBN, page 23:

Sulucha, I'll give you housewife advice: for charity, don't deal with either politicians or with married men.

Telefoní a “Kupat Holim” imediatamente, dieron la mizma repuesta:
"Kale ke vengas para alhat al doktor del kuero"

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 293:

I immediately telephoned “Kupat Holim”; they gave me the same response: ‘It is necessary that you go to the skin doctor on Sunday.’

“Sera komo un arvol plantado serka de la agua ke sus raizes estan asta el rio, raizes munças, no syente kalor, sus ojas kedan syempre freskas, no sufre en el anyo de sekura, i nunka keda de dar su fruto”.

2009, ירון בן־נאה, תורכיה, משרד החינוך, המזכירות הפדגוגית, המרכז לשילוב מורשת יהדות המזרח, page 190:

‘It shall be like a tree planted near water [in] that its roots, many roots, stretch to the river; it feels no heat, its always keeps it leaves fresh, not suffering in the year of drought, and it never ceases to give fruit.’


abandonar

אבאנדונאר (Hebrew)
abandonar (infinitive)
aver abandonado (infinitive multiword-construction)
abandonando (gerund)
aviendo abandonado (gerund multiword-construction)
abandonado (masculine participle past singular)
abandonados (masculine participle past plural)
abandonada (feminine participle past singular)
abandonadas (feminine participle past plural)
abandono (first-person indicative present singular)
abandonas (indicative present second-person singular)
abandona (indicative present singular third-person)
abandonamos (first-person indicative plural present)
abandonáx (indicative plural present second-person)
abandonan (indicative plural present third-person)
abandonava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abandonavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abandonava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abandonávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abandonavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abandonavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abandoní (first-person indicative preterite singular)
abandonates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
abandonó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
abandonimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
abandonatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
abandonaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
abandonaré (first-person future indicative singular)
abandonarás (future indicative second-person singular)
abandonará (future indicative singular third-person)
abandonaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
abandonaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
abandonarán (future indicative plural third-person)
abandonaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
abandonarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
abandonaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
abandonaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
abandonaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
abandonarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
abandone (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abandones (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abandone (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abandonemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abandonéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abandonen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abandonara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abandonaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abandonara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abandonáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abandonarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abandonaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abandona (imperative second-person singular)
abandonad (imperative plural second-person)
no abandones (imperative negative second-person singular)
no abandonéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

From Old French abandoner, formed from a (“at, to”) + bandon (“jurisdiction, control”), from Late Latin bannum (“proclamation”), bannus, bandum, from Frankish *ban, *bann, from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, command”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to speak”).


so

first-person singular present indicative of ser


ver

ב׳יר (Hebrew)
ver (infinitive)
viendo (gerund)
visto (participle)
veo (first-person indicative present singular)
veygo (first-person indicative present singular)
ves (indicative present second-person singular)
ve (indicative present singular)
vemos (indicative plural present)
vesh (indicative plural present)
ven (indicative plural present)
viya (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
viyas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
viya (imperfect indicative singular)
viyamos (imperfect indicative plural)
viyash (imperfect indicative plural)
viyan (imperfect indicative plural)
vide (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vites (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vido (indicative preterite singular)
vimos (indicative plural preterite)
vitesh (indicative plural preterite)
vyeron (indicative plural preterite)
vieron (indicative plural preterite)
veré (first-person future indicative singular)
verás (future indicative second-person singular)
verá (future indicative singular)
veremos (future indicative plural)
verésh (future indicative plural)
verán (future indicative plural)
veriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
veriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
veriya (conditional indicative singular)
veriyamos (conditional indicative plural)
veriyash (conditional indicative plural)
veriyan (conditional indicative plural)
vea (first-person present singular subjunctive)
veas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vea (present singular subjunctive)
veamos (plural present subjunctive)
veásh (plural present subjunctive)
vean (plural present subjunctive)
vyera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
viera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vyeras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vieras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vyera (past singular subjunctive)
viera (past singular subjunctive)
vyéramos (past plural subjunctive)
viéramos (past plural subjunctive)
vyerash (past plural subjunctive)
vierash (past plural subjunctive)
vyeran (past plural subjunctive)
vieran (past plural subjunctive)
vea (imperative)
ve (imperative second-person)
vea (imperative singular)
veamos (imperative plural)
ve (imperative plural)
ved (imperative plural)
vean (imperative plural)
no vea (imperative)
no veas (imperative second-person)
no vea (imperative singular)
no veamos (imperative plural)
no veásh (imperative plural)
no vean (imperative plural)
veer (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish veer, ver (“to see”), from Latin vidēre, from Proto-Italic *widēō (“to see”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-. Cognate with English view, wit, wise.

Veo las fachas koreladas de la kalor del karvon i del eksitamiento por las muevas — viejas konsejas ke se gostavan, ke se respiravan i se azian muestras.

1987, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 32–40, page 43:

I see the faces red from heated coal and excited by the news — old tales that were pleasing, inspirational and becoming ours.

Veo komo mi dover i tomo grande plazer de rengrasiar i de ser rekonosiente a las institusiones i a los individuales, ke me ayudaron a publikar este livro sea finansialmente o de otra manera.

2007, Moshe 'Ha-Elion, Las angustias del enferno: las pasadias de un djidio de Saloniki en los kampos de eksterminasion almanes Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk i Ebensee, Sentro Moshe David Gaon de Kultura Djudeo-Espanyola, Universidad Ben-Gurion del Negev, →ISBN, page 4:

I see [it] as my duty and take great pleasure to acknowledge and to be grateful to the institutions and individuals who helped me, financially or otherwise, publish this book.

(transitive) to see; to look at; to view (perceive)

Yo, ke nunka en mis dias ke non sali aver fuego, syendo fui akavidado, ma akea noche fui ovligado de ir a este fuego, non para verlo, otro ke syendo era serka dela kaza de si. Shelomo Fernandes.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 215:

Myself, never in all my days had I gone out to watch a fire, seeing as how I was warned against that, but that night I was obligated to go after this fire, not to watch it, but [because] it was approaching Mr. Shelomo Fernandes's house.


nada

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular present indicative of nadar


era

first-person singular imperfect indicative of ser

third-person singular imperfect indicative of ser


ir

איר (Hebrew)
ir (infinitive)
indo (gerund)
ido (participle)
vo (first-person indicative present singular)
voy (first-person indicative present singular)
vas (indicative present second-person singular)
va (indicative present singular)
vamos (indicative plural present)
vash (indicative plural present)
van (indicative plural present)
iva (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ivas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
iva (imperfect indicative singular)
ivamos (imperfect indicative plural)
ivash (imperfect indicative plural)
ivan (imperfect indicative plural)
fui (first-person indicative preterite singular)
fuites (indicative preterite second-person singular)
fue (indicative preterite singular)
fuimos (indicative plural preterite)
fuitesh (indicative plural preterite)
fueron (indicative plural preterite)
iré (first-person future indicative singular)
irás (future indicative second-person singular)
irá (future indicative singular)
iremos (future indicative plural)
irásh (future indicative plural)
irán (future indicative plural)
iriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
iriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
iriya (conditional indicative singular)
iriyamos (conditional indicative plural)
iriyash (conditional indicative plural)
iriyan (conditional indicative plural)
vaya (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vayas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vaya (present singular subjunctive)
vayamos (plural present subjunctive)
vayásh (plural present subjunctive)
vayan (plural present subjunctive)
fuera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
fueras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
fuera (past singular subjunctive)
fuéramos (past plural subjunctive)
fuerash (past plural subjunctive)
fueran (past plural subjunctive)
vaya (imperative)
va (imperative second-person)
vaya (imperative singular)
vayamos (imperative plural)
vayash (imperative plural)
vayan (imperative plural)
no vaya (imperative)
no vayas (imperative second-person)
no vaya (imperative singular)
no vayamos (imperative plural)
no vayásh (imperative plural)
no vayan (imperative plural)
yir (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish ir (“to go”), from Latin īre. The forms beginning with /v/ derive from corresponding forms of Latin vādere; those beginning with /f/ derive from corresponding forms of Latin esse.

Ey senyor, voy a esnoga.

(intransitive) to go (away from speaker and listener)

este vestido no te va

(said of things or people, intransitive) to be suitable or apt for its purpose, to match or suit well (of clothing)

va kaminando

(preceding the gerund of a verb, intransitive) denotes an ongoing action with a sense of progression or movement through space or time; to go on; carry on; continue

le vo dizir

(auxiliary) to be going to; used to convey the near future tense [with a (+ infinitive) ‘do something’]

No vayamos mas leshos

(intransitive) used with a hortative value to encourage or urge action; let's


uno

first-person singular present indicative of unir


viajar

ב׳ייאז׳אר (Hebrew)
viajar (infinitive)
aver viajado (infinitive multiword-construction)
viajando (gerund)
aviendo viajado (gerund multiword-construction)
viajado (masculine participle past singular)
viajados (masculine participle past plural)
viajada (feminine participle past singular)
viajadas (feminine participle past plural)
viajo (first-person indicative present singular)
viajas (indicative present second-person singular)
viaja (indicative present singular third-person)
viajamos (first-person indicative plural present)
viajáx (indicative plural present second-person)
viajan (indicative plural present third-person)
viajava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
viajavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
viajava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
viajávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
viajavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
viajavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
viají (first-person indicative preterite singular)
viajates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
viajó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
viajimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
viajatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
viajaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
viajaré (first-person future indicative singular)
viajarás (future indicative second-person singular)
viajará (future indicative singular third-person)
viajaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
viajaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
viajarán (future indicative plural third-person)
viajaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
viajarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
viajaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
viajaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
viajaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
viajarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
viaje (first-person present singular subjunctive)
viajes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
viaje (present singular subjunctive third-person)
viajemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
viajéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
viajen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
viajara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
viajaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
viajara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
viajáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
viajarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
viajaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
viaja (imperative second-person singular)
viajad (imperative plural second-person)
no viajes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no viajéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Al bakal kuando abashi
Yo serrado lo topí,
I si salgo a viajar
Una grev ay vo topar.

1998, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Mil i un Djoha, Matilda Koén-Sarano, page 7:

Down to the shopkeeper when I went, I found [out that he was] closed, and if I go on a trip, there’s a strike [that] I’m going to find.

(intransitive) to travel; to journey; to take a trip or go on a trip


sumo

first-person singular present indicative of sumar

third-person singular preterite indicative of sumar


porto

first-person singular present indicative of portar


mano

first-person singular present indicative of manar


dormir

Dio santo, los ojos apretados me dejan komo en la trupa de bestia, kontando animales para poeder dormir.

2012 October 1, Miriam Moscona, Tela de Sevoya, Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial México, →ISBN, page 39:

Good Lord, the shy eyes abandon me like to a pack of beasts, telling animals stop being able to sleep.


dizer

2013, Bouena Sarfatty Garfinkle, "Family Dynamics", in Renée Levine Melammed, An Ode to Salonika: The Ladino Verses of Bouena Sarfatty, p. 80

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Kouando los Nahmias alevantan el vaso para dizer lehaim, / Eze de korason.


fazer

From Old Spanish fazer, from Latin facere. Compare Spanish hacer.


presto

first-person singular present indicative of prestar

third-person singular preterite indicative of prestar


andar

Inherited from Old Spanish andar (“to walk”), from Early Medieval Latin andāre, of uncertain origin.

inh+

I se torno Avra'ham ande sus mosos, i se alevantaron i anduvieron djuntos a Beer Sheeva, i se detuvo Avra'ham en Beer Sheva unos kuantos dias.

2006, יעקב כולי, מעם לועז בראשית: לקט : בצירוף מבואות, גלוסאר ומפתחות, הוצאת מכון מעלה אדומים, →ISBN, page 113:

And Abraham returned whither his servants [were], and they got up and walked together to Beersheba, and Abraham stopped at Beersheba [for] three days.

(intransitive) to walk (with one’s feet)

(intransitive) to march (walk ceremoniously)

(intransitive) to step (put one’s foot elsewhere on the ground)

(transitive) to do (something) passionately


vino

third-person singular preterite indicative of venir


duda

third-person singular present indicative of dudar


kale

Perhaps from Catalan cal, from the verb caldre; perhaps influenced by Portuguese cabe, from the verb caber.


segundo

first-person singular present indicative of segundar


para

third-person singular present indicative of parar

second-person singular imperative of parar


para

first-person singular present subjunctive of parir

third-person singular present subjunctive of parir


dime

Eliau Anavi ke lo estava mirando d'enfrente se aserko de el i le disho: Dime ombre, deke estas de negra umor ?

1979, Kamelia Shahar, “La verdadera felisidad”, in Aki Yerushalayim, number 1:

The prophet Elijah, who was watching him from in front, approached him and said: Tell me, man, why are you in a bad mood?

imperative singular of dezir with first-person singular pronoun attached: tell me.


una

first-person singular present subjunctive of unir

third-person singular present subjunctive of unir


aver

From Old Spanish aver, from Latin habēre (“hold, have”).

(impersonal, in third person singular only) to exist; “there is”, “there are” (ay); “there was”, “there were” (avia)


levantar

ליב׳אנטאר (Hebrew)
levantar (infinitive)
aver levantado (infinitive multiword-construction)
levantando (gerund)
aviendo levantado (gerund multiword-construction)
levantado (masculine participle past singular)
levantados (masculine participle past plural)
levantada (feminine participle past singular)
levantadas (feminine participle past plural)
levanto (first-person indicative present singular)
levantas (indicative present second-person singular)
levanta (indicative present singular third-person)
levantamos (first-person indicative plural present)
levantáx (indicative plural present second-person)
levantan (indicative plural present third-person)
levantava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
levantavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
levantava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
levantávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
levantavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
levantavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
levantí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
levantates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
levantó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
levantimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
levantatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
levantaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
levantaré (first-person future indicative singular)
levantarás (future indicative second-person singular)
levantará (future indicative singular third-person)
levantaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
levantaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
levantarán (future indicative plural third-person)
levantaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
levantarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
levantaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
levantaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
levantaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
levantarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
levante (first-person present singular subjunctive)
levantes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
levante (present singular subjunctive third-person)
levantemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
levantéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
levanten (plural present subjunctive third-person)
levantara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
levantaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
levantara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
levantáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
levantarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
levantaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
levanta (imperative second-person singular)
levantad (imperative plural second-person)
no levantes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no levantéx (imperative negative plural second-person)
alevantar (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish levantar, either from levante (corresponding to Latin levāntem), the old present participle of levar, itself the Old Spanish form of llevar, from Latin levō, levāre, or from a Vulgar Latin *levantāre, derived from levāns, levānte-, present participle of levō. Compare Galician and Portuguese levantar, Asturian llevantar, Romansch alvantar, leventar.

Despues ke lo levantavan al ninio, non se pudia detener en pyes delas fushkas ke se le azian.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 182:

After they [finally] lifted up the child, he could not stand on his feet because of the blisters that [now] affected him.

(transitive) to lift; to lift up (bring up)

Ombre, levanta i esforsate por atorgar tus pecados
Roga al dio con abatision por ke ti seian perdonados
Por ke tus actos escondidos, delantre de el son aclarados
I todos los biervos ke tu pronunsias delantre de el son examinados.
Segun apeiada el padre a sus ijos seiamos de el apeiadados

1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 5:

Man, arise and force yourself to admit your sins. Beg God exhaustingly so that they be forgiven, for your hidden acts are obvious to him, and all of the words that you pronounce before him are examined. As the father rescues his children may we be among the rescued.

Kuando Djoha se levantava de manyana de su kama i enpesava a vistirse, ya no avia mas ninguno en kaza.

1995, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 49–52, page 96:

When Djoha was getting up that morning from bed and starting to get dressed, there was no longer anybody at home.

(reflexive) to get up (rise from one’s bed)


vara

third-person singular present indicative of varar

second-person singular imperative of varar


sentir

סינטיר (Hebrew)
sentir (infinitive)
sintiendo (gerund)
sintyendo (gerund)
sentido (participle)
syento (first-person indicative present singular)
siento (first-person indicative present singular)
syentes (indicative present second-person singular)
sientes (indicative present second-person singular)
syente (indicative present singular)
siente (indicative present singular)
sentimos (indicative plural present)
sentísh (indicative plural present)
syenten (indicative plural present)
sienten (indicative plural present)
sentiya (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sentiyas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sentiya (imperfect indicative singular)
sentiyamos (imperfect indicative plural)
sentiyash (imperfect indicative plural)
sentiyan (imperfect indicative plural)
sentí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
sentites (indicative preterite second-person singular)
sintyó (indicative preterite singular)
sintió (indicative preterite singular)
sentimos (indicative plural preterite)
sentitesh (indicative plural preterite)
sintyeron (indicative plural preterite)
sintieron (indicative plural preterite)
sentiré (first-person future indicative singular)
sentirás (future indicative second-person singular)
sentirá (future indicative singular)
sentiremos (future indicative plural)
sentirásh (future indicative plural)
sentirán (future indicative plural)
sentiriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
sentiriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
sentiriya (conditional indicative singular)
sentiriyamos (conditional indicative plural)
sentiriyash (conditional indicative plural)
sentiriyan (conditional indicative plural)
syenta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sienta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
syentas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sientas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
syenta (present singular subjunctive)
sienta (present singular subjunctive)
sintamos (plural present subjunctive)
syentamos (plural present subjunctive)
sintásh (plural present subjunctive)
syentásh (plural present subjunctive)
syentan (plural present subjunctive)
sientan (plural present subjunctive)
sintyera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
sintiera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
sintyeras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
sintieras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
sintyera (past singular subjunctive)
sintiera (past singular subjunctive)
sintyéramos (past plural subjunctive)
sintiéramos (past plural subjunctive)
sintyerash (past plural subjunctive)
sintierash (past plural subjunctive)
sintyeran (past plural subjunctive)
sintieran (past plural subjunctive)
syenta, sienta (imperative)
syente (imperative second-person)
siente (imperative second-person)
syenta, sienta (imperative singular)
sintamos, syentamos (imperative plural)
senti (imperative plural)
sentid (imperative plural)
syentan, sientan (imperative plural)
no syenta, sienta (imperative)
no syentas (imperative second-person)
sientas (imperative second-person)
no syenta, sienta (imperative singular)
no sintamos, syentamos (imperative plural)
no sintásh (imperative plural)
syentásh (imperative plural)
no syentan, sientan (imperative plural)


mirar

From Old Spanish mirar, from Latin mīrārī (“marvel at”). Compare Spanish mirar, Portuguese mirar (“to aim”), dated French mirer (“stare”).

The prophet Elijah, who was watching him from across, approached him and said: Tell me, man, why are you in a bad mood?


mandar

מאנדאר (Hebrew)
mandar (infinitive)
aver mandado (infinitive multiword-construction)
mandando (gerund)
aviendo mandado (gerund multiword-construction)
mandado (masculine participle past singular)
mandados (masculine participle past plural)
mandada (feminine participle past singular)
mandadas (feminine participle past plural)
mando (first-person indicative present singular)
mandas (indicative present second-person singular)
manda (indicative present singular third-person)
mandamos (first-person indicative plural present)
mandáx (indicative plural present second-person)
mandan (indicative plural present third-person)
mandava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mandavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mandava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mandávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mandavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mandavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mandí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
mandates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
mandó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
mandimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
mandatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
mandaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
mandaré (first-person future indicative singular)
mandarás (future indicative second-person singular)
mandará (future indicative singular third-person)
mandaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
mandaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
mandarán (future indicative plural third-person)
mandaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
mandarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
mandaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
mandaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
mandaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
mandarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
mande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mandes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mande (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mandemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mandéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
manden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mandara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mandaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mandara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mandáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mandarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mandaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manda (imperative second-person singular)
mandad (imperative plural second-person)
no mandes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no mandéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish mandar, from Latin mandāre, present active indicative of mandō (“order, commission”).

Despues de pokos dias, mandaron el direktor, el kual se yamava Musyu Maks.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, chapter 22, in Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, editors, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 227:

After a few days they sent the director whose name was Musyu Maks.

(ditransitive, transitive) to send (make something, such as an object or message, go from one place to another, or to someone)


saltar

Inherited from Old Spanish saltar, from Latin saltāre (“dance, jump”).

La rapoza marona salta rapido sovre el perro perezozo.

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.


pensar

Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi,
i pensar en las sivdades ke deshi,
las glories del pasado ke pedri,
i la soledad en ke me kayi

2000, David Altabé, “Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi”, in Esther Benbassa, editor, Les Sépharades en littérature, page 164:

There is something sad in being Sephardi
and thinking of the cities that I've left,
the glories of the past that I've lost
and the loneliness into which I've fallen


entrar

אינטראר (Hebrew)
entrar (infinitive)
aver entrado (infinitive multiword-construction)
entrando (gerund)
aviendo entrado (gerund multiword-construction)
entrado (masculine participle past singular)
entrados (masculine participle past plural)
entrada (feminine participle past singular)
entradas (feminine participle past plural)
entro (first-person indicative present singular)
entras (indicative present second-person singular)
entra (indicative present singular third-person)
entramos (first-person indicative plural present)
entráx (indicative plural present second-person)
entran (indicative plural present third-person)
entrava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
entravas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
entrava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
entrávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
entravax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
entravan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
entrí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
entrates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
entró (indicative preterite singular third-person)
entrimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
entratex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
entraron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
entraré (first-person future indicative singular)
entrarás (future indicative second-person singular)
entrará (future indicative singular third-person)
entraremos (first-person future indicative plural)
entraréx (future indicative plural second-person)
entrarán (future indicative plural third-person)
entraría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
entrarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
entraría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
entraríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
entraríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
entrarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
entre (first-person present singular subjunctive)
entres (present second-person singular subjunctive)
entre (present singular subjunctive third-person)
entremos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
entréx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
entren (plural present subjunctive third-person)
entrara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
entraras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
entrara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
entráramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
entrarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
entraran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
entra (imperative second-person singular)
entrad (imperative plural second-person)
no entres (imperative negative second-person singular)
no entréx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish entrar, from Latin intrāre. Cognate with English enter.

Mas londje, komo un kulevro vedre entrando en la agua, se via el "Kutchuk Karaburnu" ke los djidyos yamavan la Punta Tchika (o Petit cap en franses).

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 52:

Further away, like a green snake entering the water, the ‘Kutchuk Karaburnu’ was seen, which the Jews were calling the Little Tip (or petit cap in French).

Una demanyana, ayá a las mueve, ensupitó entraron en la kazika onde morávamos en Mombaroccio dos soldados almanes kon dos geynas muertas en la mano.

2006, Matilda Koén‐Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 80:

One morning at nine, two German soldiers with two dead hens in hand suddenly entered the little house in Mombaroccio where we were living.

Con alegría, riza y pizzoteares, vos entre Purim.

2012, Alicia Sisso Raz, “Los Masapanes de Purim”, in Voces de Ḥaketía:

May Purim enter you with pleasure, laughter and trampling.

(ambitransitive) to enter (go or come into an enclosed or partially enclosed space)


tener

טיניר (Hebrew)
tener (infinitive)
tenyendo (gerund)
tuvyendo (gerund)
tenido (participle)
tinido (participle)
tuvido (participle)
tengo (first-person indicative present singular)
tengoy (first-person indicative present singular)
tienes (indicative present second-person singular)
tyenes (indicative present second-person singular)
tyénes (indicative present second-person singular)
tiene (indicative present singular)
tyene (indicative present singular)
tenemos (indicative plural present)
tenésh (indicative plural present)
tienen (indicative plural present)
tyenen (indicative plural present)
tenia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
teniya (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tinía (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tiniya (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
teniyas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tiniyas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tenia (imperfect indicative singular)
teniya (imperfect indicative singular)
tinía (imperfect indicative singular)
tiniya (imperfect indicative singular)
teniamos (imperfect indicative plural)
teníyamos (imperfect indicative plural)
teniyash (imperfect indicative plural)
tenian (imperfect indicative plural)
teniyan (imperfect indicative plural)
tuve (first-person indicative preterite singular)
tuvites (indicative preterite second-person singular)
tuvo (indicative preterite singular)
tuvimos (indicative plural preterite)
tuvitesh (indicative plural preterite)
tuvyeron (indicative plural preterite)
tendré (first-person future indicative singular)
teneré (first-person future indicative singular)
terné (first-person future indicative singular)
tendrás (future indicative second-person singular)
tenerás (future indicative second-person singular)
ternás (future indicative second-person singular)
tendra (future indicative singular)
tendrá (future indicative singular)
tenerá (future indicative singular)
terná (future indicative singular)
tendremos (future indicative plural)
teneremos (future indicative plural)
ternemos (future indicative plural)
tendrésh (future indicative plural)
tenerésh (future indicative plural)
ternésh (future indicative plural)
tendrán (future indicative plural)
tenerán (future indicative plural)
ternán (future indicative plural)
tendria (conditional first-person indicative singular)
tendriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
teneriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
tenriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
tendriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
teneriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
tenriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
tendria (conditional indicative singular)
tendriya (conditional indicative singular)
teneriya (conditional indicative singular)
tenriya (conditional indicative singular)
tendríyamos (conditional indicative plural)
teneríyamos (conditional indicative plural)
tenríyamos (conditional indicative plural)
tendriyash (conditional indicative plural)
teneriyash (conditional indicative plural)
tenriyash (conditional indicative plural)
tendrian (conditional indicative plural)
tendriyan (conditional indicative plural)
teneriyan (conditional indicative plural)
tenriyan (conditional indicative plural)
tenga (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tengas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tenga (present singular subjunctive)
tengamos (plural present subjunctive)
tengash (plural present subjunctive)
tengásh (plural present subjunctive)
tengan (plural present subjunctive)
tuvyera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
tuvyeras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
tuvyera (past singular subjunctive)
tuvyéramos (past plural subjunctive)
tuvyerash (past plural subjunctive)
tuvyeran (past plural subjunctive)
tenga (imperative)
ten (imperative second-person)
tenga (imperative singular)
tengamos (imperative plural)
tené (imperative plural)
tenéd (imperative plural)
tengan (imperative plural)
no tenga (imperative)
no tengas (imperative second-person)
no tenga (imperative singular)
no tengamos (imperative plural)
no tengash (imperative plural)
tengásh (imperative plural)
no tengan (imperative plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish tener (“to hold”), from Latin tenēre, teneō (“to hold; to keep; to have”), from Proto-Italic *tenēō, stative from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch or draw”). The preterite forms in tuv- are from contamination with those of the nearly synonymous aver, uv-.

der

Es la Boz del Chofar que nos combida a elevarnos mas arriva de las mesquinerias de la vida de cada dia, de nuestras vanedades pueriles(mesquinas), de nuestras ideas yerradas, siegas y malechoras de la animalidad, que, a nuestra grande verguensa, nosotros tenemos tanta pena a dominar.

1940, Gren Rabino David Berman, La boz de Türkiye, numbers 11–34, page 85:

It is the voice of the chofer that invites us to elevate ourselves above the narrow-mindedness of everyday life, of our puerile (and narrow-minded) vanities, of our mistaken ideas, blind and criminal from the beastliness that, to our great shame, we have so much trouble dominating.

Djugava de oreja, i no tenia buena oreja !

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 28:

[Somebody] was playing by ear, and [they] did not have a good ear!

Tyénes razón, Pérla presyáda, ken syénte a la mujer no se engánya.

2000, La Lettre Sépharade, numbers 1–19, La Lettre Sépharade, page 16:

You are correct, precious Pearl, who listens to the woman who is honest with herself.

to have (be with a quality or condition)

La ija Doreta kere ser avokata, i el terser, Hayimiko tyene katorze anyos.

2000, La Lettre Sépharade, numbers 1–19, La Lettre Sépharade, page 17:

The daughter Doreta wants to become a lawyer, and the third one, Hayimiko, is fourteen years old.

Pensas de no poder eskrivir presto? No emporta. I yo empesí avagar avagar. Tinía katorze anyos. I saves porké para mí fue mas fasil? Porké de la edá de diez anyos yo tanyía el piano.

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, Nur Afakot, page 36:

You think that you can’t write early? Whatever. I started very slowly. I was fourteen years old. And you know why it was easier for me? Because at age ten I was playing the piano.

Siguro le vinieron algunos chuilis ke manyana parten i intonses tenia ke fazer fecho kon eyos agora.

1999, Eliezer Papo, La megila de Saray, E. Papo, page 106:

Surely some peasants that leave tomorrow came thereto, so [somebody] has to deal with them now.

Este viejo ke tenia los vistidos rotos i suzios vino i se asento enfrente de Sarika, kito de su djep un jurnal amariyo kon manchas de azeyte i se metio a meldarlo sin darle importansa.

1992, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 45–48, page 58:

This old man wearing torn and dirty clothes came and sat down in front of Sarika, taking a yellow, oil-stained journal out of his pocket, and it was put down for reading without specifying its importance.

“Vinites djusto en su tyempo, porke ay tres diyas ke no tengo komido nada i esto muy ambierto. Agora es a ti ke te va a komer.”

2002, Gad Nassi, editor, En Tierras Ajenas Yo Me Vo Murir: Tekstos Kontemporanos en Djudeo-espaniol : Leyenda de Una Lingua - Haketia - Kuentos. Memorias - Meliselda - Oki Oki, Isis, →ISBN, page 208:

‘You came just in time, because it has been three days since I have eaten anything and I am pretty hungry. Now I am going to eat you.’

(auxiliary) to have (in the present tense)


salir

Inherited from Old Spanish salir, sallir (“to jump”), from Latin salīre, saliō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sl̥-ye-. Compare Portuguese sair and Romanian sări. Also cognate with English sally.

Ma, yo ke tenia un kuniado grande ke lo estimava komo padre, non me desho salir de mi lavoro i ir adovar lavoro de otros.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 230:

Nonetheless, with me having an older brother-in-law who valued him like a father, he would not let me leave my work and go manage others' work.

Yo melo bevi todo, ile echi en la alda unos kuantos konfites kon un dukado adyentro, i mos salimos afuera.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 197:

I drank it all myself, and inside I threw aside some candy with a coin, then we left.

(intransitive, reflexive) to leave (depart)


developar

developar (infinitive)
aver developado (infinitive multiword-construction)
developando (gerund)
aviendo developado (gerund multiword-construction)
developado (masculine participle past singular)
developados (masculine participle past plural)
developada (feminine participle past singular)
developadas (feminine participle past plural)
developo (first-person indicative present singular)
developas (indicative present second-person singular)
developa (indicative present singular third-person)
developamos (first-person indicative plural present)
developáx (indicative plural present second-person)
developan (indicative plural present third-person)
developava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
developavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
developava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
developávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
developavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
developavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
developí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
developates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
developó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
developimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
developatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
developaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
developaré (first-person future indicative singular)
developarás (future indicative second-person singular)
developará (future indicative singular third-person)
developaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
developaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
developarán (future indicative plural third-person)
developaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
developarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
developaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
developaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
developaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
developarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
develope (first-person present singular subjunctive)
developes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
develope (present singular subjunctive third-person)
developemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
developéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
developen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
developara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
developaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
developara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
developáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
developarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
developaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
developa (imperative second-person singular)
developad (imperative plural second-person)
no developes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no developéx (imperative negative plural second-person)
dezvelopar (alternative)

La koneksion entre los instrumentos i la jeografiya ande se djugan mos ayuda a developar una punta de vista muy partikular.

2008, Ayhan Akkaya, editor, Kardeş Türküler, BGST Yayınları, →ISBN, page 378:

The connection between the instruments and the geography where they are played help us develop a very particular point of view.

Foueron los primoz de developar esta industri.

2013 April 30, Renée Levine Melammed, chapter 3, in An Ode to Salonika: The Ladino Verses of Bouena Sarfatty, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 122:

They were the first to develop this industry.

(transitive) to develop (make larger or fuller)


venir

ב׳יניר (Hebrew)
venir (infinitive)
viniendo (gerund)
venido (participle)
vengo (first-person indicative present singular)
vienes (indicative present second-person singular)
viene (indicative present singular)
venimos (indicative plural present)
venísh (indicative plural present)
vienen (indicative plural present)
veniya (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
veniyas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
veniya (imperfect indicative singular)
veniyamos (imperfect indicative plural)
veniyash (imperfect indicative plural)
veniyan (imperfect indicative plural)
vine (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vinites (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vino (indicative preterite singular)
venimos (indicative plural preterite)
vinitesh (indicative plural preterite)
vinyeron (indicative plural preterite)
vendré (first-person future indicative singular)
vendrás (future indicative second-person singular)
vendrá (future indicative singular)
vendremos (future indicative plural)
vendrash (future indicative plural)
vendrán (future indicative plural)
vendriya (conditional first-person indicative singular)
vendriyas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
vendriya (conditional indicative singular)
vendriyamos (conditional indicative plural)
vendriyash (conditional indicative plural)
vendriyan (conditional indicative plural)
venga (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vengas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
venga (present singular subjunctive)
vengamos (plural present subjunctive)
vengásh (plural present subjunctive)
vengan (plural present subjunctive)
vinyera (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vinyeras (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vinyera (past singular subjunctive)
vinyéramos (past plural subjunctive)
vinyerash (past plural subjunctive)
vinyeran (past plural subjunctive)
venga (imperative)
ven (imperative second-person)
venga (imperative singular)
vengamos (imperative plural)
venid (imperative plural)
vengan (imperative plural)
no venga (imperative)
no vengas (imperative second-person)
no venga (imperative singular)
no vengamos (imperative plural)
no vengásh (imperative plural)
no vengan (imperative plural)
vinir (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish venir (“to come”), from Latin venīre. Cognate with Spanish venir.

inh+

Venian de Sitchilya, pechkavan en la mar i traian sus pechka a Selanik.

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 71:

They came from Sicily, fishing in the sea and shleping their fish to Thessaloniki.

dirijir se vienen para el konvento.

2004, Moshe David Gaon, פואזיאס, מכון מעלה אדומים בשיתוף עם מרכז משה דוד גאון לתרבות הלאדינו, אוניברסיטת בן גוריון, →ISBN, page 17:

(intransitive, reflexive) to come (to move towards someone or something)


untar

Inherited from Old Spanish untar, from Late Latin unctāre.


primo

first-person singular present indicative of premir

first-person singular present indicative of primar


prima

first-person singular present subjunctive of premir

third-person singular present subjunctive of premir

third-person singular present indicative of primar

second-person singular imperative of primar


parte

third-person singular present indicative of partir

second-person singular imperative of partir


ama

third-person singular present indicative of amar


oír

אואיר (Hebrew)
oir (alternative)
oyr (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish oir, from Latin audīre, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew-is-d-, a compound of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewis (“clearly, manifestly”) (from the root *h₂ew- (“to see, perceive”)) and *dʰh₁-ye/o- (“to render”). Compare French ouïr, Italian udire, Portuguese ouvir, and Romanian auzi.

der

"Ima, no ay nada! En l'armada oímos kozas peores!"

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, Nur Afakot, page 335:

‘Ima, that’s nothing! We heard worse in the army!’

(ambitransitive) to hear (detect noise with the ears)


jadear

Adapted borrowing of Moroccan Arabic قضى (qḍā) + -ear.


nadar

נאדאר (Hebrew)
nadar (infinitive)
aver nadado (infinitive multiword-construction)
nadando (gerund)
aviendo nadado (gerund multiword-construction)
nadado (masculine participle past singular)
nadados (masculine participle past plural)
nadada (feminine participle past singular)
nadadas (feminine participle past plural)
nado (first-person indicative present singular)
nadas (indicative present second-person singular)
nada (indicative present singular third-person)
nadamos (first-person indicative plural present)
nadáx (indicative plural present second-person)
nadan (indicative plural present third-person)
nadava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nadavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nadava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nadávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nadavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
nadavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nadí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
nadates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
nadó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
nadimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
nadatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
nadaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
nadaré (first-person future indicative singular)
nadarás (future indicative second-person singular)
nadará (future indicative singular third-person)
nadaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
nadaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
nadarán (future indicative plural third-person)
nadaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
nadarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
nadaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
nadaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
nadaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
nadarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
nade (first-person present singular subjunctive)
nades (present second-person singular subjunctive)
nade (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nademos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
nadéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
naden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
nadara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
nadaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nadara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nadáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nadarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nadaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nada (imperative second-person singular)
nadad (imperative plural second-person)
no nades (imperative negative second-person singular)
no nadéx (imperative negative plural second-person)
danar (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish nadar (“to swim”), from Latin natāre.

inh+

Tanbién él vido kavesa una ke nadava sovre fases de las aguas. Diǧo aelya: por ke hizistes nadar, te hizieron nadar, i, al fin de tus hazientes nadar, nadarán.

1997, Neue Romania: Veröffentlichungsreihe des Studienbereiches Neue Romania des Instituts für Romanische Philologie der FU Berlin, numbers 19-22, page 176:

He also stopped one head that was swimming above the waters' surfaces. He told her that because you swam, they made you swim, and at the end of your swimming sessions, they'll swim [too].

to swim (move one's body through a liquid)


llamar

Por_que el público se haga una idea de lo que en Viena y en Polonia llamaban teatro ĵidió, vo expośar aquí unos cuantos fatos.

1983, Elena Romero, Repertorio de noticias sobre el mundo teatral de los sefardíes orientales, Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press, →ISBN, page 337:

Because the public may pretend to an idea of what they were calling Jewish theatre in Vienna and Poland, I am going to expose some facts here.


faltar

פ׳אלטאר (Hebrew)
faltar (infinitive)
aver faltado (infinitive multiword-construction)
faltando (gerund)
aviendo faltado (gerund multiword-construction)
faltado (masculine participle past singular)
faltados (masculine participle past plural)
faltada (feminine participle past singular)
faltadas (feminine participle past plural)
falto (first-person indicative present singular)
faltas (indicative present second-person singular)
falta (indicative present singular third-person)
faltamos (first-person indicative plural present)
faltáx (indicative plural present second-person)
faltan (indicative plural present third-person)
faltava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
faltavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
faltava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
faltávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
faltavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
faltavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
faltí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
faltates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
faltó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
faltimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
faltatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
faltaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
faltaré (first-person future indicative singular)
faltarás (future indicative second-person singular)
faltará (future indicative singular third-person)
faltaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
faltaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
faltarán (future indicative plural third-person)
faltaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
faltarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
faltaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
faltaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
faltaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
faltarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
falte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
faltes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
falte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
faltemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
faltéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
falten (plural present subjunctive third-person)
faltara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
faltaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
faltara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
faltáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
faltarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
faltaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
falta (imperative second-person singular)
faltad (imperative plural second-person)
no faltes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no faltéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish faltar (“to lack”).

i ke este en sano
kon semanada i keno le falte nada

1990, דוד בנבנשתי, לקט: צרור מאמרים על מורשת יהדות המזרח, ד. בנבנשתי, page 120:

and that I be healthy
for a week and that I lack nothing

Solo fui kuando faltaron mi madre i dispues mi padre en Tlemcen.

It was only when I missed my mother and then my father in Tlemcen.

[…] i no faltar de entrar tadre al salon, justo a tiempo.

2000, Salamon Bicerano, Relatos akademikos i populares en Judeo-Espanyol (1998–2000), Gözlem, →ISBN, page 24:

And to not make the mistake of entering the guest room late, [but] just in time.


fuir

Inherited from Old Spanish foir, fuir (“to flee”), from Vulgar Latin *fūgīre, from Latin fugere, from Proto-Italic *fugiō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg-.

Cualo respondire? Aiuda de ken demandare?
En dia de tu giuzgo onde io me fuire?

1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 10:

Who shall respond? Whose help shall I request? Where shall I flee on your day of judgement?


respirar

ריספיראר (Hebrew)
respirar (infinitive)
aver respirado (infinitive multiword-construction)
respirando (gerund)
aviendo respirado (gerund multiword-construction)
respirado (masculine participle past singular)
respirados (masculine participle past plural)
respirada (feminine participle past singular)
respiradas (feminine participle past plural)
respiro (first-person indicative present singular)
respiras (indicative present second-person singular)
respira (indicative present singular third-person)
respiramos (first-person indicative plural present)
respiráx (indicative plural present second-person)
respiran (indicative plural present third-person)
respirava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
respiravas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
respirava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
respirávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
respiravax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
respiravan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
respirí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
respirates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
respiró (indicative preterite singular third-person)
respirimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
respiratex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
respiraron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
respiraré (first-person future indicative singular)
respirarás (future indicative second-person singular)
respirará (future indicative singular third-person)
respiraremos (first-person future indicative plural)
respiraréx (future indicative plural second-person)
respirarán (future indicative plural third-person)
respiraría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
respirarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
respiraría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
respiraríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
respiraríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
respirarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
respire (first-person present singular subjunctive)
respires (present second-person singular subjunctive)
respire (present singular subjunctive third-person)
respiremos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
respiréx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
respiren (plural present subjunctive third-person)
respirara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
respiraras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
respirara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
respiráramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
respirarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
respiraran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
respira (imperative second-person singular)
respirad (imperative plural second-person)
no respires (imperative negative second-person singular)
no respiréx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish respirar, from Latin respīrāre. Cognate with English respire.

I alora estos dos, tan mansevos, ja espozos, đenitores, respiravan un poko mas kontentes!

2018, Laura Papo Bohoreta, edited by María José Cano, Nela Kovačević, La mujer sefardí, Editorial Universidad de Granada, →ISBN, page 86:

So these two, being young, now married fathers, breathed a little more easily!

(ambitransitive) to breathe (draw in air and let it out)

Veo las fachas koreladas de la kalor del karvon i del eksitamiento por las muevas — viejas konsejas ke se gostavan, ke se respiravan i se azian muestras.

1987, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 32-40, page 43:

I see the faces red from heated coal and excited by the news — old tales that were pleasing, inspirational and becoming ours.

(figurative, reflexive) to be inspirational


tomar

טומאר (Hebrew)
tomar (infinitive)
aver tomado (infinitive multiword-construction)
tomando (gerund)
aviendo tomado (gerund multiword-construction)
tomado (masculine participle past singular)
tomados (masculine participle past plural)
tomada (feminine participle past singular)
tomadas (feminine participle past plural)
tomo (first-person indicative present singular)
tomas (indicative present second-person singular)
toma (indicative present singular third-person)
tomamos (first-person indicative plural present)
tomáx (indicative plural present second-person)
toman (indicative plural present third-person)
tomava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tomavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tomava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tomávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tomavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tomavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tomí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
tomates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
tomó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
tomimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
tomatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
tomaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
tomaré (first-person future indicative singular)
tomarás (future indicative second-person singular)
tomará (future indicative singular third-person)
tomaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
tomaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
tomarán (future indicative plural third-person)
tomaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
tomarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
tomaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
tomaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
tomaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
tomarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
tome (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tomes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tome (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tomemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
toméx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tomen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tomara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tomaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tomara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tomáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tomarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tomaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
toma (imperative second-person singular)
tomad (imperative plural second-person)
no tomes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no toméx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish tomar (“to take”), further origin uncertain. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *tumāre, aphaeresis of Latin autumāre (“to affirm (the right to own/possess something)”).

inh

El Dio la dio, el Dio la tomo.

The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away.

[…] y hizo caher.A.Dio,adormidura ſobre el hõbre, y adormecioſſe:y tomo una de ſus coſtillas,y cerro carne en ſu lugar.

1553, “Genesis, II”, in Yom Tob Atías, Abraham Usque, transl., Biblia de Ferrara, page 2:

And the Lord God caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man, and he slept; and He took one of his ribs, and closed up the place with flesh instead thereof.

[…] tomo el kamino dela banka otomana, […]

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 277:

(transitive) To pass (or attempt to pass) through or around; to take.

Los ke se toman con amor, biven con dolor.

(transitive) to marry (start a marriage with somebody)

[…] lo toman por el Hristos.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 234:

[…] toman a pensar loke esto es, […]


jugar

From Old Spanish jugar, from Latin iocārī.

djugar (alternative)
djuguar (alternative)


aprender

Inherited from Old Spanish aprender, from Latin apprendere, alternative form of apprehendere.


nombre

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first-person singular present subjunctive of nombrar

third-person singular present subjunctive of nombrar


meti

first-person singular preterite indicative of meter


planta

third-person singular present indicative of plantar


suelo

first-person singular present indicative of soler


declarar

דיקלאראר (Hebrew)

Los Judios de la primera categoria devran tomar de nuevo sus viejos nombres en el caso onde los trocaron y declarar sus fortunas.

1940, La boz de Türkiye, numbers 11–34, page 116:

Jews of the first category must retake their old names when they changed and they must declare their fortunes.


difundir

דיפ׳ונדיר (Hebrew)

En uno de los dias de Shabat ke estava en su kaza el konto a su mujer ke tuvo "Giluy Eliyau", o sea ke se aparesio en su suenyo Eliyau Anavi, ke le demando de deshar todo i pasar a bivir imediatamente a la sivdad de Tsfat en la Tierra Santa, afin de difundir la Kabala praktika ke el avia dezvelopado, siendo ke le kedavan solamente dos anyos de vida.

2005, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 26–28, page 9:

One Shabbat as he was in his house, he told his wife that he had "Giluy Eliyau", or maybe it looked like Eliyau Anavi in a dream, ask him to leave everything alone and immediately go live in Tsfat City in the Holy Land in order to propagate the practical Kabbalah that he had developed, seeing as how he had only two years to live.


realizar

ריאליזאר (Hebrew)
realizar (infinitive)
aver realizado (infinitive multiword-construction)
realizando (gerund)
aviendo realizado (gerund multiword-construction)
realizado (masculine participle past singular)
realizados (masculine participle past plural)
realizada (feminine participle past singular)
realizadas (feminine participle past plural)
realizo (first-person indicative present singular)
realizas (indicative present second-person singular)
realiza (indicative present singular third-person)
realizamos (first-person indicative plural present)
realizáx (indicative plural present second-person)
realizan (indicative plural present third-person)
realizava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
realizavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
realizava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
realizávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
realizavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
realizavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
realizí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
realizates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
realizó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
realizimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
realizatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
realizaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
realizaré (first-person future indicative singular)
realizarás (future indicative second-person singular)
realizará (future indicative singular third-person)
realizaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
realizaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
realizarán (future indicative plural third-person)
realizaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
realizarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
realizaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
realizaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
realizaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
realizarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
realize (first-person present singular subjunctive)
realizes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
realize (present singular subjunctive third-person)
realizemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
realizéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
realizen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
realizara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
realizaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
realizara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
realizáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
realizarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
realizaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
realiza (imperative second-person singular)
realizad (imperative plural second-person)
no realizes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no realizéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Es diya de Myerkoles ke era el korte de siete de muestro Gran Rabino, İsak Haleva. Fue dospues de la Tefila de la demanyana ke se realizo en el Kal de Neve Şalom i a las dyes el Korte.

2025 January 29, Silvyo Ovadya, “Los Evenimyentos de esta semana”, in Şalom:

Wednesday was the end of our chief rabbi İsak Haleva’s mourning period. It was after the morning prayer that it was realized in the Neve Shalom Synagogue and the Ending at ten.

(reflexive, transitive) to carry out; to effect; to execute; to realise or realize (make real)


demandar

From Old Spanish demandar, from Latin demandāre.

Me demando: de ke no azesh este konserto en Estanbol. Es mas kolay de ir i vinir.

2019 May 22, Silvio & Eyal Ovadya, “Un evenimyento, una dicha/un proverbo”, in Şalom:

She asked me: why don't you do this concert in Istanbul. It's easier to go and come.


modelo

first-person singular present indicative of modelar

third-person singular preterite indicative of modelar


entender

אינטינדיר (Hebrew)
antender (alternative)
entyender (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish entender (“to fathom”), from Latin intendere.

inh+

Ma en semejantes amores tienes poka shansa,
al entender, siendo entrates komo bestia kansa
ke lucho oras enteras sin tener ventura.

2003, Yosef Avraam Papo, לה ב׳ינייה די נבות: דראמה ביבליקו אין סינקו אקטות אין ב׳ירסוס, הוצאת מכון מעלה אדומים לתיעוד השפה הספניולית ותרבותיה, →ISBN, page 34:

But in similar loves you have little chance at understanding, being entered into like [a] tired beast that fought gainlessly for entire hours.

Mösyö Ehrlich era lehli (ashkenazi) komo ya se entiende de su nombre.

2020 November 25, Eliz Gatenyo, “Ko-Abitasyones”, in Şalom Gazetesi:

Mösyö Ehrlich was Lehli (Ashkenazi), as is already understood from his name.

(transitive) to comprehend; to fathom; to grasp; to understand (hear)


dividir

Borrowed from Latin dīvidō, dīvidere (“I divide, separate”).


mantener

From Late Latin manūteneō, manūtenēre (“I support”), from Latin manū (“with the hand”) + teneō (“I hold”).


chatear

Borrowed from French châtier (“to chastise, punish”).


soler

סוליר (Hebrew)
s.hueler (alternative)
sueler (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish soler (“to use to”), from Latin solēre. Compare Catalan soler, Italian solere, Portuguese soer (archaic) and Spanish soler.

inh+

Solias de tener kolores i agora estas demudada

2006, Dr. Avner Perez, Agua Fuego i Amor: Gazeles i Kantes Mistikos de los Sabetaistas, מכון מעלה אדומים לתיוד השפה הספניולית ותרבותה בשיתוף עם מרכז משה דוד גאון לתרבות הלאדינו, →ISBN:

You used to have colours and now you have changed.

(auxiliary) to tend (to); to use to; to have the habit (of); to be accustomed (to); to be wont (to)


esta

third-person singular present indicative of estar

second-person singular imperative of estar


basho

bacho (alternative)
bašo (alternative)
baxo (alternative)

first-person singular present indicative of bashar

third-person singular preterite indicative of bashar


ayuda

third-person singular present indicative of ayudar


kere

third-person singular present indicative of kerer


paso

first-person singular present indicative of pasar

third-person singular preterite indicative of pasar


pagar

פאגאר (Hebrew)
pagar (infinitive)
aver pagado (infinitive multiword-construction)
pagando (gerund)
aviendo pagado (gerund multiword-construction)
pagado (masculine participle past singular)
pagados (masculine participle past plural)
pagada (feminine participle past singular)
pagadas (feminine participle past plural)
pago (first-person indicative present singular)
pagas (indicative present second-person singular)
paga (indicative present singular third-person)
pagamos (first-person indicative plural present)
pagáx (indicative plural present second-person)
pagan (indicative plural present third-person)
pagava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pagavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pagava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pagávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pagavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pagavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pagí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
pagates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
pagó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
pagimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
pagatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
pagaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
pagaré (first-person future indicative singular)
pagarás (future indicative second-person singular)
pagará (future indicative singular third-person)
pagaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
pagaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
pagarán (future indicative plural third-person)
pagaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
pagarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
pagaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
pagaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
pagaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
pagarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
page (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pages (present second-person singular subjunctive)
page (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pagemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pagéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pagen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pagara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pagaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pagara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pagáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pagarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pagaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
paga (imperative second-person singular)
pagad (imperative plural second-person)
no pages (imperative negative second-person singular)
no pagéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish pagar (“to repay”), from Latin pacāre (“pacify”).

Kuando boltó el halvadjí i avrió la kasha para pagar parás, no topó mas nada adientro.

1999, Matilda Koén-Sarano, לז׳נדאס, נור, page 207:

When the candyman turned around and opened the cash register to pay in Ottoman coins, there was no longer anything inside.

I anke se les pagava una taksa por oka dela masá a los orneros, ma era kon fogera, ke kada uno keria tener la masá en kaza un dia antes.

(Can we date this quote?), Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 231:

Although a fee was paid up per ounce of matzah to the bakers, everyone remained urgently wanting to have matzah at home a day earlier.


responder

ריספונדיר (Hebrew)

Inherited from Old Spanish responder, inherited from Latin respondēre (likely via Late Latin respondĕre).

A lo kualo la tia Dudu respondia Barminam!

1997, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 18–19, page 61:

To which aunt Dudu replied L-rd have mercy!

Le respondió la mama: "Diez dedos ay en las manos. Kada uno duele en la mizma manera? No! El diamante es para el diamante!"

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 193:

The mum replied, ‘There are ten fingers on the hands. Each one hurts the same way? No! The diamond is for the diamond!’

(ambitransitive) to answer; to reply (to give a written or spoken response)


keres

second-person singular present indicative of kerer


kanta

third-person singular present indicative of kantar


rio

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first-person singular present indicative of riir

third-person singular preterite indicative of riir


avrir

From Old Spanish, from Latin aperio, aperire. Compare Spanish abrir.


pueden

third-person plural present indicative of poder


abatir

Inherited from Old Spanish abatir (“to bring down”), from Late Latin abbattere, from Latin battere. Compare English abate.

inh+

Delantre de ti io mi orgolio abato
I mi corason lo razgo con kevranto¹)

1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 10:

I suppress my pride before you, and my heart tears it with despair.

Senyor del mundo, asegun abati yo mi apetite i no tuvi piadad de mi ijo regalado por azer tu komando, lo mizmo kero ke te rijas kon mis ijos kon midat 'ha‐rahamim, i este zehut de la akeda mampare sovre eyos.

2006, יעקב כולי, מעם לועז בראשית, הוצאת מכון מעלה אדומים, →ISBN, page 243:

Lord of the world, toward whom I suppress my appetite and about my only son I have no mercy by doing your command, likewise I wish that you act mercifully with my children, and be clear about the sacrifice that you support over them.

(transitive) to hold in; to suppress (muffle)

A Haydar ya arevimos,
De haftonas mos konsomimos,
Tres dias estovimos,
De ansias mos abatimos.

20th century, Violette Mayo Fintz with Sara Mayo Menasche, translated by Isaac Jack Lévy, La vida de los Djudios en 1944, University of Illinois Press, published 1999, →ISBN, page 84:

To Haydar we then came,
From beatings we were worn out,
Three days we spent there,
With anguish we were afflicted.

Estas eran las dezgrasias ke se abatian mas frekuentemente sovre las komunidades djudias en sivdades komo Monastir, onde las kazas eran fraguadas de tavla i se kemavan fasilmente, a vezes kon sus moradores adientro.

1999, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 59–61, page 24:

These were the disgraces that most frequently weakened the Jewish communities in cities like Monastir, where the houses were built from wood and burnt easily, sometimes with residents inside.


emplear

La primera de eyas es ke el djudeo-espaniol kontiene un grande numero de arkaizmos o sea, palavras ke eran empleadas en Espania asta el siglo XV ma ke dezparesieron dezde entonses de su vokabulario, mientres ke en el djudeo-espaniol kontinuan a existir asta oy.

1979 July, Moshe Shaul, “Istoria i Dezvelopamiento del Djudeo-Espaniol”, in Aki Yerushalayim, archived from the original on 2020-12-03, page 11:

The first of them is that Judeo-Spanish contains a large number of archaisms, or rather, words that were used in Spain until the 15th century but which disappeared after then from its vocabulary, while in Judeo-Spanish they continue to be used to this day.


reparar

ריפאראר (Hebrew)
reparar (infinitive)
aver reparado (infinitive multiword-construction)
reparando (gerund)
aviendo reparado (gerund multiword-construction)
reparado (masculine participle past singular)
reparados (masculine participle past plural)
reparada (feminine participle past singular)
reparadas (feminine participle past plural)
reparo (first-person indicative present singular)
reparas (indicative present second-person singular)
repara (indicative present singular third-person)
reparamos (first-person indicative plural present)
reparáx (indicative plural present second-person)
reparan (indicative plural present third-person)
reparava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
reparavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
reparava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
reparávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
reparavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
reparavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
reparí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
reparates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
reparó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
reparimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
reparatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
repararon (indicative plural preterite third-person)
repararé (first-person future indicative singular)
repararás (future indicative second-person singular)
reparará (future indicative singular third-person)
repararemos (first-person future indicative plural)
repararéx (future indicative plural second-person)
repararán (future indicative plural third-person)
repararía (conditional first-person indicative singular)
repararías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
repararía (conditional indicative singular third-person)
repararíamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
repararíax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
repararían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
repare (first-person present singular subjunctive)
repares (present second-person singular subjunctive)
repare (present singular subjunctive third-person)
reparemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
reparéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
reparen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
reparara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
repararas (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
reparara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
reparáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
repararax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
repararan (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
repara (imperative second-person singular)
reparad (imperative plural second-person)
no repares (imperative negative second-person singular)
no reparéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish reparar, from Latin reparāre.

[…] empesaron a bushkar remedios por azerme obtenir algun posto i reparar ansi las indjustisias kometidas a mi eguardo.

2002, Rafael Chikurel, edited by Henri Nahum, Les memoires de Rafael Chikurel, Isis, →ISBN, page 89:

They started seeking remedies for helping me attain some position and thereby fix the injustices committed to my attention.

(transitive) to repair; to mend; to fix (undo harm)


ajustar

אג׳וסטאר (Hebrew)


aparejar

From Old Spanish, from *appariculāre, itself probably from Latin apparō.


apenar

אפינאר (Hebrew)
apenar (infinitive)
aver apenado (infinitive multiword-construction)
apenando (gerund)
aviendo apenado (gerund multiword-construction)
apenado (masculine participle past singular)
apenados (masculine participle past plural)
apenada (feminine participle past singular)
apenadas (feminine participle past plural)
apeno (first-person indicative present singular)
apenas (indicative present second-person singular)
apena (indicative present singular third-person)
apenamos (first-person indicative plural present)
apenáx (indicative plural present second-person)
apenan (indicative plural present third-person)
apenava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
apenavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
apenava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
apenávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
apenavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
apenavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apení (first-person indicative preterite singular)
apenates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
apenó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
apenimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
apenatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
apenaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
apenaré (first-person future indicative singular)
apenarás (future indicative second-person singular)
apenará (future indicative singular third-person)
apenaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
apenaréx (future indicative plural second-person)
apenarán (future indicative plural third-person)
apenaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
apenarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
apenaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
apenaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
apenaríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
apenarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
apene (first-person present singular subjunctive)
apenes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
apene (present singular subjunctive third-person)
apenemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
apenéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
apenen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
apenara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
apenaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
apenara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
apenáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
apenarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
apenaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
apena (imperative second-person singular)
apenad (imperative plural second-person)
no apenes (imperative negative second-person singular)
no apenéx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Con tu peiadad azme bondad i bivire
I no mi apenes sigun io lo meresire.

With your mercy give me goodness and I shall live, and do not punish me as I shall deserve it.


alimento

first-person singular present indicative of alimentar


entonar

אינטונאר (Hebrew)

La nasion judia resita orasiones
Eia entona sus alavasiones
O dio ! melezina todas sus pasiones
Termine la aniada i sus maldisiones.

1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 8:

The Jewish nation recites prayers, sings [you] its praises—Oh God! Heal all its wounds. End the year and its curses.


espantar

From Vulgar Latin *expaventāre, derived from the present participle of Classical Latin expaveō.


ayudo

first-person singular present indicative of ayudar


ayudas

informal second-person singular present indicative of ayudar


ayudamos

first-person plural present indicative of ayudar


ayudan

third-person plural present indicative of ayudar


loar

Inherited from Old Spanish loar, laudar, from Latin laudāre.

אי טי לוארי קון לה ארפה ,דייו מי דייו.

And I shall praise you upon the harp, God, my God.


menear

מיניאר (Hebrew)
menear (infinitive)
aver meneado (infinitive multiword-construction)
meneando (gerund)
aviendo meneado (gerund multiword-construction)
meneado (masculine participle past singular)
meneados (masculine participle past plural)
meneada (feminine participle past singular)
meneadas (feminine participle past plural)
meneo (first-person indicative present singular)
meneas (indicative present second-person singular)
menea (indicative present singular third-person)
meneamos (first-person indicative plural present)
meneáx (indicative plural present second-person)
menean (indicative plural present third-person)
meneava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
meneavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
meneava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
meneávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
meneavax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
meneavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
meneí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
meneates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
meneó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
meneimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
meneatex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
menearon (indicative plural preterite third-person)
menearé (first-person future indicative singular)
menearás (future indicative second-person singular)
meneará (future indicative singular third-person)
menearemos (first-person future indicative plural)
menearéx (future indicative plural second-person)
menearán (future indicative plural third-person)
menearía (conditional first-person indicative singular)
menearías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
menearía (conditional indicative singular third-person)
menearíamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
menearíax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
menearían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
menee (first-person present singular subjunctive)
menees (present second-person singular subjunctive)
menee (present singular subjunctive third-person)
meneemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
meneéx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
meneen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
meneara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
menearas (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
meneara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
meneáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
menearax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
menearan (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
menea (imperative second-person singular)
menead (imperative plural second-person)
no menees (imperative negative second-person singular)
no meneéx (imperative negative plural second-person)
manear (alternative)

Ariví al espital de Kfar Saba, i me echaron ayá sin poderme menear.

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 155:

I arrived at the Kfar Saba hospital, and they laid me down there without me being able to move myself.

(ambitransitive) to move (get in motion or put something in motion)

Alberto kontinuó a menear la kavesa en sinyo de dezaprovasión, sospirando: "A, komo se puede ser ansí!…"

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 119:

Albert kept shaking his head as a sign of disapproval, sighing, ‘Ugh, how can it be like this…!’

(ambitransitive) to stir (something); mix (something) around


morar

מוראר (Hebrew)
morar (infinitive)
aver morado (infinitive multiword-construction)
morando (gerund)
aviendo morado (gerund multiword-construction)
morado (masculine participle past singular)
morados (masculine participle past plural)
morada (feminine participle past singular)
moradas (feminine participle past plural)
moro (first-person indicative present singular)
moras (indicative present second-person singular)
mora (indicative present singular third-person)
moramos (first-person indicative plural present)
moráx (indicative plural present second-person)
moran (indicative plural present third-person)
morava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
moravas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
morava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
morávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
moravax (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
moravan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
morí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
morates (indicative preterite second-person singular)
moró (indicative preterite singular third-person)
morimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
moratex (indicative plural preterite second-person)
moraron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
moraré (first-person future indicative singular)
morarás (future indicative second-person singular)
morará (future indicative singular third-person)
moraremos (first-person future indicative plural)
moraréx (future indicative plural second-person)
morarán (future indicative plural third-person)
moraría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
morarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
moraría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
moraríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
moraríax (conditional indicative plural second-person)
morarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
more (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mores (present second-person singular subjunctive)
more (present singular subjunctive third-person)
moremos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
moréx (plural present second-person subjunctive)
moren (plural present subjunctive third-person)
morara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
moraras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
morara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
moráramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
morarax (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
moraran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mora (imperative second-person singular)
morad (imperative plural second-person)
no mores (imperative negative second-person singular)
no moréx (imperative negative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish morar, probably borrowed from Latin morārī.

En otro blok del kampo agora 'sta morando.

1997, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 56–58, page 55:

The market square resides on another block of the camp.

(intransitive) to reside; to dwell; to abide