derecho

From Old Spanish, from Vulgar Latin *dērēctus, from Latin dīrectus.


prove

From Old Spanish [Term?], from Latin pauper, pauperem, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, small”). Compare Spanish pobre.

der

Son nombrozas las personas ke pensan ke la globalizasyon va traer una monotonia i ke munchos paizes van a pedrer sus otentisidad, kostumbres, uzos de bivir ets... i ke los rikos van a ser mas rikos i los proves mas proves.

2012 November 21, Süzet Fransez, “Djudaizmo i globalizasyon”, in Şalom:

Numerous are the people who think that globalization will bring about a monotony and that many countries will lose their authenticity, customs, way of life, etc... and that the rich will be richer and the poor poorer.


bien

lad-adj

bien (Hebrew spelling ביין, plural bienes)

ביין (Hebrew)
bienes (plural)
byen (alternative)
byén (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish bien from Latin bene (“well”), from Old Latin *duenēd, from duenos (“good”), which gave bonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos.


espanyol

espanyol (Hebrew spelling איספאנייול, feminine espanyola, masculine plural espanyoles, feminine plural espanyolas)

איספאנייול (Hebrew)
espanyola (feminine)
espanyoles (masculine plural)
espanyolas (feminine plural)
español (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish espanyol, espanhol, espannol. Cognate with Spanish español; see detailed etymology there.


negro

From Old Spanish negro (“black”). Cognate with Spanish negro.

Eliau Anavi ke lo estava mirando d'enfrente se aserko de el i le disho: Dime ombre, deke estas de negra umor ?

1979, Kamelia Shahar, “La verdadera felisidad”, in Aki Yerushalayim, number 1, page 5:

The prophet Elijah, who was watching him from across, approached him and said: Tell me, man, why are you in a bad mood?

Ma estos diyas, la mas grande partida de los filmos negativos estan en una negra situasyon en la umidita de un vyejo apartamento.

2018 November 21, Silvyo OVADYA, “Un fotografo modesto ma korajoso”, in Şalom:

But these days, the majority of the film negatives are in a bad situation in the dampness of an old apartment.


santo

Inherited from Old Spanish santo, sancto, from Latin sānctus.


presto

Inherited from Old Spanish presto, from Late Latin praestus, from the adverb praestō. Compare Catalan prest, French prêt, Italian presto.

Mira, no agas echos prestos i arepentidos, pensa bueno!

1996, Sara Benveniste Benrey, edited by Yossi Benbenisty, Espertando el djudeo espanyol: poemas realidas i philosophia, kantes, sketches, piesas de teatro, Yossi Benbenisty, page 157:

Look, don’t make things quick and contrite, think positive!

En la guerta kemada
Asentada la fija
Pasharon prestos
Apretan su korason.

1999, Los Muestros, numbers 34–6, R. Capuia, page 41:

In the burnt garden sat the daughter; the quick [ones] passed, [and] they distress her heart.


segundo

Inherited from Old Spanish secundo (“twoth”), from Latin secundus. Doublet of según. Related to seguir (“follow”).

inh+

Alhad ultimo 10 Noviembre, marco el segundo aniversario de la muerte de Atatürk.

1940, La boz de Türkiye, numbers 11–34, page 149:

Last Sunday, November 10, marked the second anniversary of Atatürk’s death.

(ordinal number) second (after the first)


bienvenido

lad-adj

bienvenido (Hebrew spelling ביינב׳ינידו, feminine bienvenida, masculine plural bienvenidos, feminine plural bienvenidas)

ביינב׳ינידו (Hebrew)
bienvenida (feminine)
bienvenidos (masculine plural)
bienvenidas (feminine plural)
binvenido (alternative)
byenvenido (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish bien venido, inherited from Vulgar Latin *bene venītus, presumably a calque of a Frankish term, derived from Proto-Germanic *wiljakwemô (“a welcome guest or arrival”), from which many modern Germanic forms descend, such as English welcome. By surface analysis, bien (“well”) + venido (“come”).

surf

Muchos son forsados de kazar sus ijas kon los primeros bienvenidos kon mas pokos preteksos, aunke sean los mas ordinarios bandidos i sharlatanes, […]

2006, Miscelánea de estudios árabes y hebraicos: Sección de hebreo, volume 55, Universidad de Granada, page 63:

Many are forced to marry their daughters to the first [ones] welcomed with few pretexts, although they may be the most ordinary robbers and charlatans.


alto

lad-adj

alto (feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas)

alta (feminine)
altos (masculine plural)
altas (feminine plural)


agro

agro (feminine agra, masculine plural agros, feminine plural agras)

agra (feminine)
agros (masculine plural)
agras (feminine plural)


listo

Unknown. Cognate to Portuguese lesto (“agile”), Catalan llest (“clever; ready”), Italian lesto (“quick”), Maltese lest (“ready”).
* If "clever" be the original sense, probably from Proto-Germanic *listiz; compare Old High German and Old English list, both "knowledge, experience, cunning, art, trick, slyness" (see English list). A semantic development "clever" → "quick" → "ready" is very plausible, but note that the association with "cleverness" apparently exists only in Catalan, Ladino and Spanish (and might thus be secondary). Note also Irish cliste (“clever”).
* Alternatively, perhaps from a Vulgar Latin *lextus or *lestus, reduced from *lexitus, as an alteration of Latin lēctus (“chosen; read”), participle of legō.

ready; set; all set; prepared; poised; up; down (with estar)


pronto

Derived from Latin promptus. Cognate with Spanish pronto.

Para los ke estan prontos para kazar Vijtad el Magazen HOROZLU onde topareş vistidos modernos, Bonjures, Frakes, Işmoken, komple i kon presios baratos.

For those who are ready to marry, visit the HOROZLU shop, where [it has] topareş modern clothes, Bonjures, Frakes, Işmoken and it completes with low prices.


triste

Borrowed from Latin trīstis. Compare the Old Spanish tristo.

De la lejura, una boz triste y quejosa nos parviene, del fondo del Nuevo Mundo, un eco vibrante de amargura llega a nos, penetrando en las entrañas de nuestro corazon.

1940, La boz de Türkiye, numbers 11–34, page 280:

From the distance, a sad and weeping voice reaches us, from the New World’s foundation, a vibrant echo of bitterness arrives our way, penetrating the depths of our heart.


dulse

From Latin dulcis (compare Spanish dulce).


solo

Inherited from Old Spanish solo, from Latin sōlus (“alone; sole; only”).

Los dos livros ke ensenyan konversasion son tambien los solos, de entre el grupo de 16 livros, ke sus buto es unikamente de embezar al elevo a avlar en ebreo.

2005, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 26–28, page 43:

The two books that teach conversation are also the only [ones], from among a group of sixteen books, whose purpose is uniquely to teach the pupil to speak in Hebrew.


tal

Inherited from Old Spanish tal (“such”), from Latin tālis. Compare French tel, Galician tal, Portuguese tal, and Spanish tal.

A tal punto ke dizia : "En Espanya no ay ke yo i la kanalya ke semos frankofilos".

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 325:

To such a point that it was said: 'In Spain there is nobody but me and the scoundrel [to] whom we are Francophiles.'


grande

Inherited from Old Spanish grande, from Latin grandem (“large; great”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ghrewə- (“to fell, put down, fall in”). Cognate with Spanish grande.

der

La primera de eyas es ke el djudeo-espaniol kontiene un grande numero de arkaizmos o sea, palavras ke eran empleadas en Espania asta el siglo XV ma ke dezparesieron dezde entonses de su vokabulario, mientres ke en el djudeo-espaniol kontinuan a existir asta oy.

1979 July, Moshe Shaul, “Istoria i Dezvelopamiento del Djudeo-Espaniol”, in Aki Yerushalayim, archived from the original on 2020-12-03, page 11:

The first of them is that Judeo-Spanish contains a large number of archaisms, or rather, words that were used in Spain until the 15th century but which disappeared after then from its vocabulary, while in Judeo-Spanish they continue to be used to this day.


alta

lad-adj

alta (masculine alto, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas)

alto (masculine)
altos (masculine plural)
altas (feminine plural)


arto

arto (feminine arta, masculine plural artos, feminine plural artas)

arta (feminine)
artos (masculine plural)
artas (feminine plural)


bovo

From Latin balbus (“stuttering”), influenced by sound symbolism. Compare Spanish bobo.


bueno

bueno (Hebrew spelling בואינו, feminine buena, masculine plural buenos, feminine plural buenas)

בואינו (Hebrew)
buena (feminine)
buenos (masculine plural)
buenas (feminine plural)
boenu (alternative)
boene (alternative)
bweno (alternative)
ueno (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish bueno, inherited from Latin bonus (“good”), from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos.

Coordinate term: bien

Djugava de oreja, i no tenia buena oreja !

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 28:

[Somebody] was playing by ear, and [they] did not have a good ear!


viejo

From Old Spanish vieio, from Late Latin veclus, from Latin vetulus.

La maale de los djudyos se topa en el sentro de la sivdad vyeja, toda la kaleja golyendo al miskle de flores, las plasas kon las pisinas, los arvoles de portokales kon los kortijos finos avyertos para ke los turistos vijiten.

2019, Şeli GAON, “Viyaje A Andalusia - 2”, in Şalom:

The Jewish district is located in the center of the old city, the whole street smelling of a mixture of flowers, the plazas with the swimming pools, the orange trees with the fine open patios for the tourists to visit.


último

Abashó del arvolé, i kon sus últimas fuersas se fue verso esta luz.

2006, מתילדה כהן-סראנו, זיקנתך כבחרותך: סיפורים ופתגמים מהעולם היהודי-ספרדי, נור הפקות, page 73:

He climbed down from the tree, and with its last powers it went towards this light.


primero

Inherited from Old Spanish primero (“first”), from Latin prīmārius.

inh+

The first of these is that Judeo-Spanish contains a large number of archaicisms, or rather, words that were used in Spain until the 15th century but which disappeared after then from its vocabulary, while in Judeo-Spanish they continue to be used to this day.

Alhad la noche vamos a asender la primera kandela de muestras Hanukiyas.

2019, Silvyo OVADYA, “Hanukah Alegre”, in Şalom Gazetesi:

Sunday night we're going to light the first candle on our Hanukiyas.


primo

Inherited from Old Spanish primo (“first”), from Latin prīmus, from earlier prīsmos < *prīsemos < Proto-Italic *priisemos.

El primo districto administrativo judio sera establecido cercamente en Natania onde seran transferados todos los servicios publicos que fin ahora se topavan en Tolcarim.

1940, La boz de Türkiye, numbers 11–34, page 247:

The first administrative Jewish district shall soon be established in Natania, where all of the public services shall be transferred that up until now were located in Tolcarim.


prima

Fue la prima i únika vez ke vidi en Israel una piesa dada a livel enternasional.

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 433:

It was the first and only time that I saw a play in Israel given on [an] international level.


felis

פ׳יליס (Hebrew)
felís (alternative)
feliz (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish feliz, felix (“lucky”). Doublet of feliche.

Agora soltanto
So reflekto de Tu Brilyo
Yo no me demando
Sospiro
Mirando en lo Alto
So felis
Dunke bivo…

2008, Matilda Gini Barnatán, Viviana Rajel Barnatán, Darío Meta Barnatán, La ija i la madre komo la unya i la karne, Ibersaf Editores, →ISBN, page 69:

Now letting go, I am [an] image of your radiance, I wonder not; I sigh, looking above, I am happy, therefore I live…


forro

Inherited from Old Spanish forro, from Arabic حُرّ (ḥurr, “free”).


patria

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


mavi

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ماوی (mavi), from Arabic مَاوِيّ (māwiyy, “watery”).


abastádo

almighty, omnipotent (referring to God).


basho

lad-adj

basho (Hebrew spelling באשו, feminine basha, masculine plural bashos, feminine plural bashas)

באשו (Hebrew)
basha (feminine)
bashos (masculine plural)
bashas (feminine plural)
bacho (alternative)
bašo (alternative)
baxo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish baxo, from Latin bassus.

Ventana haras à la arca , y à codo, la atemaras de arriba: y puerta de la arca, en ſu lado pornas; de andares baxhos,ſegũdos y terçeros,la haras.

1553, “Genesis, VI”, in Yom Tob Atías, Abraham Usque, transl., Biblia de Ferrara, page 4:

A light shalt thou make to the ark, and to a cubit shalt thou finish it upward; and the door of the ark shalt thou set in the side thereof; with lower, second, and third stories shalt thou make it.

Despues, el mansevo desho su lavoro de pastor, i se merko una grande butika en la sivdad, ande empeso a vender kozas de komer i ropas de vistir por presios muy bashos.

2002, Gad Nassi, editor, En Tierras Ajenas Yo Me Vo Murir: Tekstos Kontemporanos en Djudeo-espaniol : Leyenda de Una Lingua - Haketia - Kuentos. Memorias - Meliselda - Oki Oki, Isis, →ISBN, page 251:

Afterwards, the lad left his pastoral work, and marketed in a great shop in the city, where he started selling foodstuffs and clothes at very low prices.

low (small in amount or quantity, value, force, energy, &c.)

Indo mas adelantre, la mar se izo mas fuerte, i yo empesi a sintir a mi madre dizir a boz basha: “Shemá Israel…”, mientres ke en el korridor de la nave los papazes estavan rogando: “Ora pro nobis…”.

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 107:

Going further, the sea grew stronger, and I started to hear my mother say in [a] low voice, ‘Shemá Israel…’ while in the ship’s corridor the priests were begging, ‘Ora pro nobis…’

low (in pitch, due to being produced by relatively slow vibrations)


dobro

head

dobro (feminine dobra, masculine plural dobros, feminine plural dobras)

dobra (feminine)
dobros (masculine plural)
dobras (feminine plural)

From Serbo-Croatian dobar, добар, from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ (“good”).


sofu

From Ottoman Turkish صوفو, from Arabic صوفي.


importante

lad-adj

importante (Hebrew spelling אימפורטאנטי)

אימפורטאנטי (Hebrew)

Eya fue atraida por esta sivda importante de punto de vista djidyo, muy komertchante, i penso fazer profitar la komunita de su djenerozita.

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 57:

She was attracted to this important city from a Jewish point of view, very businesslike, and she thought to take advantage of the community’s generosity.


muerto

Inherited from Old Spanish muerto (“dead”), from Vulgar Latin *mortu(s), from Latin mortuus, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥twós, *mr̥tós. Cognate with Bengali মৃত (mrito) / মৃত্যু (mrittu), Hindi मृत (mŕt) / मृत्यु (mŕtyu).

inh+

[…] i no digas: fulano es fermozo i yo no, ke bien saves ke deske el ombre es muerto, ke no se kuenta salvo por animalia muerta.

2002, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 68-72, page 59:

And don't say: so and so is handsome and I'm not; you know well that since the man is dead that he doesn't count except as a dead animal.


alguno

head

alguno m (Latin spelling, feminine singular alguna, masculine plural algunos, feminine plural algunas)

alguna (feminine singular)
algunos (masculine plural)
algunas (feminine plural)
algunu (alternative)


ajeno

lad-adj

ajeno (feminine ajena, masculine plural ajenos, feminine plural ajenas)

ajena (feminine)
ajenos (masculine plural)
ajenas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish ageno, from Latin aliēnus.


ladrón

Inherited from Old Spanish ladron, from Latin latrōnem. Cognate with Spanish ladrón.

ladron, ipokrita, ingrato i traishedor

1931, “Rekolyo de Poezias Diversas”, in Folkmasa:

thievish, hypocritical, ungrateful, and traitorous


siniestro

סינייסטרו (Hebrew)

Inherited from Old Spanish siniestro, from Late Latin sinextrum, from Latin sinistrum. Compare Portuguese sestro.


lindo

From Old Spanish lindo, of uncertain origin, but probably from Latin legitimus (“lawful, proper”) through metathesis and assimilation: *lid(i)mo > *limdo > lindo. If so, a doublet of the learned borrowing lejítimo. Corominas considers both lindo and its possible Portuguese cognate lídimo (“legitimate”) as semi-learned terms, but this is uncertain.
Some sources derive it from Latin limpidus (“clean”) instead, but this is less likely for both phonetic and semantic reasons. Old Spanish lindo originally meant “legitimate”, later “authentic, pure, good”, and eventually gave rise to the modern meaning. Moreover, Latin limpidus is already the source of Spanish limpio.

Hanuka linda sta aki; ocho kandelas para mi.

Beautiful Hanukkah is here, so eight candles for me.

beautiful; pretty; comely; handsome (fair)

nice; pleasant; lovely; charming; endearing


frio

From Old Spanish frio, from Latin frīgidus (“cold”).


ereditario

ereditario (Hebrew spelling אירידיטאריו)

אירידיטאריו (Hebrew)
hereditario (alternative)

Me disho después: "Vites, mamá, el ojo malo es ereditario, pasa de uno a otro en famiya".

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, page 207:

Then she told me, ‘Look, mom, the evil eye is hereditary, it runs in the family.’


haram

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حرام (haram), from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

bor+

De lo haram no se ve hayre.

ill-gotten, something that is enjoyed without deserving it


positivo

Akoruto, kuando afita una trajediya, munchos bushkan a deskuvrir un lado positivo.

2019 February 27, Metin DELEVİ, “El Samuray ke salvo a miles de djudios de los nazis”, in Şalom:

Often, when a tragedy takes place, many people try to discover a positive side.


kasher

Todos los ke vinieron pudieron komer ligado d’Andirne (Edirne Ciğeri) mizmo kasher, albondigas (koftes) i sarsicha (sucuk) kon salatas.

2019 May 22, Silvio & Eyal Ovadya, “Un evenimyento, una dicha/un proverbo”, in Şalom:

All who came could eat Edirne liver even kosher, meatballs (koftas) and sausages (soudjouk) with salads.


seguro

Inherited from Old Spanish seguro, from Latin sēcūrus.

Sea por la influensa de esta persona o sea por el fakto ke no mos konvensimos, ke los lugares posivles de eskondidijo en los kualos aviamos vijitado, serian bastante seguros i no los puedrian deskuvrir en aziendo bushkida kon perros, segun supozimos ke lo iyan a azer, Binyo i yo mos dechedimos, a la fin, de mos adjuntar a un konvoyo de evakuados i de yirmos a lo deskonosido.

2007, Moshe 'Ha-Elion, Las angustias del enferno: las pasadias de un djidio de Saloniki en los kampos de eksterminasion almanes Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk i Ebensee, Sentro Moshe David Gaon de Kultura Djudeo-Espanyola, Universidad Ben-Gurion del Negev, →ISBN, page 80:

Whether it be through this person’s influence or through the fact that were unconvinced that the possible hideouts in which we visited would be safe enough, they could not discover them by deploying search dogs, as we presumed that they were going to do, Binyo and I finally decided to join a convoy of evacuees and leave for the unknown.

Es una prenda segura de sukseso.

19th century, David Fresco, edited by Christoph Herzog, Richard Wittmann, Istanbul – Kushta – Constantinople: Narratives of Identity in the Ottoman Capital, 1830–1930, Taylor & Francis, published 2018, →ISBN, page 77:

certain; sure; positive; definite (of being correct)


ruso

Ija de imigrantes djudios rusos ke aviyan sufriyido del aborresimyento i del antisemitizmo, se sintyo ke el aktivizmo sovre este sujeto era su dever.

2020 January 29, Metin Delevi, “El 27 de Enero es el dia de memoria de las viktimas del Nazismo, del Olokosto…”, in Şalom:

The daughter of Russian Jewish immigrants who had suffered from hatred and from antisemitism, she felt that activism on this subject was her duty.


amargo

lad-adj

amargo (feminine amarga, masculine plural amargos, feminine plural amargas)

amarga (feminine)
amargos (masculine plural)
amargas (feminine plural)


ביין

lad-noun

ביין m (Latin spelling byén, plural בייניס)

byén (romanization)
בייניס (plural)
bien (alternative)

From Old Spanish from Latin bene (“well”), from Latin bonus (“good”).


tuerto

lad-adj

tuerto (feminine tuerta, masculine plural tuertos, feminine plural tuertas)

tuerta (feminine)
tuertos (masculine plural)
tuertas (feminine plural)
tugerto (alternative)
tuguerto (alternative)

From Old Spanish, from Latin tortus (“twisted”).

Arvolé tuerto nunka se enderecha.

A crooked tree never straightens itself.


antigo

antigo (feminine antiga, masculine plural antigos, feminine plural antigas)

antiga (feminine)
antigos (masculine plural)
antigas (feminine plural)
antiko (alternative)

From Old Spanish antigo, from Latin antīquus (variant antīcus). Compare Spanish antiguo.


muestro

מואישטרו (Hebrew)

From Latin noster (compare Spanish nuestro).

Sunday night we're going to light the first candle on our Hanukiyas.

Bendicho muestro Dyo, bendicho muestro Senyor, bendicho muestro Rey, bendicho muestro Salvador.

Blessed be our God, Blessed be our Lord, Blessed be our King, Blessed be our Saviour.


muevo

head

Hebrew spelling <i class="Hebr mention" lang="lad">מואיבﬞו</i>

muevo (Hebrew spelling מואיבﬞו, feminine singular mueva, masculine plural muevos, feminine plural muevas)

מואיבﬞו (Hebrew)
mueva (feminine singular)
muevos (masculine plural)
muevas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish nuevo, from Latin novus.

muevo jedit

muevo kazado

muevo riko


bivo

bivo m (Latin spelling, feminine singular biva, masculine plural bivos, feminine plural bivas)

biva (feminine singular)
bivos (masculine plural)
bivas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish bivo, inherited from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”). Cognate with Spanish vivo.


namorado

נאמוראדו (Hebrew)
enamorado (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish enamorado (“beloved”). Cognate with Spanish enamorado.

inh+

La reyna Tantanhís sta namorada kon el negro ke tiene en su kaza.

1987, Moshé Ibn Ezra, translated by Reginetta Haboucha, edited by Matilda Koén-Sarano, El rey Shelomó i el pishkado de oro, Wayne State University Press, published 2004, →ISBN, page 317:

Queen Tantanhís is in love with the black one whom she has in her house.


peyorativo

lad-adj

peyorativo (feminine peyorativa, masculine plural peyorativos, feminine plural peyorativas)

peyorativa (feminine)
peyorativos (masculine plural)
peyorativas (feminine plural)


apretado

apretado (feminine apretada, masculine plural apretados, feminine plural apretadas)

apretada (feminine)
apretados (masculine plural)
apretadas (feminine plural)


kolay

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قولای (modern Turkish kolay).

Ma de ves en kuando no es muy kolay de ir mas de tres oras asta aya, asperar unas kuantas oras en una siya si tenesh el mazal de toparla.

But sometimes it isn't very easy to go more than three hours there, wait for a few hours in a chair to see if you have the luck to encounter her.


amarga

amarga (masculine amargo, masculine plural amargos, feminine plural amargas)

amargo (masculine)
amargos (masculine plural)
amargas (feminine plural)


subjetivo

subjetivo (feminine subjetiva, masculine plural subjetivos, feminine plural subjetivas)

subjetiva (feminine)
subjetivos (masculine plural)
subjetivas (feminine plural)


agra

agra (masculine agro, masculine plural agros, feminine plural agras)

agro (masculine)
agros (masculine plural)
agras (feminine plural)


ajena

ajena (masculine ajeno, masculine plural ajenos, feminine plural ajenas)

ajeno (masculine)
ajenos (masculine plural)
ajenas (feminine plural)


turko

Inherited from Old Spanish turco (“Turk”).

inh+

I ala onze [6 AM], ala turka, vinyeron en grande akompanyamyento delos askyeres turkos adelantre i detras, kompanyas de soldados de kada nasyon ke fueron dezbarkados delas naves, djunto todos los viche-amirales i komandantes, i ofisyeres de kada nave ke se topo en muestro porto.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, translated by Isaac Jerusalmi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 276:

And at eleven [6 A.M.], a great escort of Turkish soldiers came ahead of and behind the Turk; companies of soldiers from every nation disembarked from the ships, together with all the vice-admirals, commanders, and officers from every ship found in our port.

Turkish (of or pertaining to Turkey, the Turkish people or the Turkish language)


relijiozo

lad-adj

relijiozo (feminine relijioza, masculine plural relijiozos, feminine plural relijiozas)

relijioza (feminine)
relijiozos (masculine plural)
relijiozas (feminine plural)


apretada

apretada (masculine apretado, masculine plural apretados, feminine plural apretadas)

apretado (masculine)
apretados (masculine plural)
apretadas (feminine plural)


מואישטרו

בנדיגֿו מואישטרו דיו, בנדיגֿו מואישטרו שינייור, בנדיגֿו מואישטרו ריאי, בנדיגֿו מואישטרו שלבדור - Bendicho muestro Dyo, bendicho muestro Senyor, bendicho muestro Rey, bendicho muestro Salvador.


בנדיגֿו

בנדיגֿו מואישטרו דיו, בנדיגֿו מואישטרו שינייור, בנדיגֿו מואישטרו ריאי,בנדיגֿו מואישטרו שלבדור - Bendicho muestro Dyo, bendicho muestro Senyor, bendicho muestro Rey, bendicho muestro Salvador.


arta

arta (masculine arta, masculine plural artos, feminine plural artas)

arta (masculine)
artos (masculine plural)
artas (feminine plural)


turka

La primera koza dunke ke se nota en la kuzina djudeo‐espanyola es la manera turka de azer kada día el arroz, ke se kome en grandes kantidades i no manka ni un día en la meza del djudío proveniente del Impero Otomano.

2003, Sefárdica, numbers 14–16, Centro de Investigación y Difusión de la Cultura Sefaradí, page 70:

The first thing noted in the Judaeo‐Spanish kitchen is the Turkish style of making rice daily, which is eaten in great quantities and is never absent for one day from the table of the Jew originating from the Ottoman Empire.


muncho

מונגﬞו (Hebrew)
mucho (alternative)
muchu (alternative)
munço (alternative)
munĉo (alternative)
muntcho (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish mucho (“much”), from Latin multum (“much”).

inh+

Munchas grasias!

O porke el ke se empresto el livro se olvida, o porke se averguensa de darlo atras manchado o arazgado, o mizmo porke, segun akontese munchas vezes, el es un bibliofil para el kual es difisil de separarse de un livro ke le paso por la mano, el fakto es ke por una o otra de estas razones i munchas mas, los livros emprestados a otros raramente tornan a sus lugar, en la biblioteka del ken los empresto.

2001, Aki Yerushalayim, volume 22, page 82:

Either because he who lent the book forgot it, or because it shames one to give it back stained or torn, or even because, as it happens many times, he is a bibliophile for whom it is difficult to separate himself from a book that spent time in his hand, the fact is that for one or another of these reasons and many more, books lent to others rarely return to their place: in the library of who borrowed them.


ekonomiko

head

ekonomiko m (f ekonomika, m pl ekonomikos, f pl ekonomikas)

kontribusiones ekonomikas


niftar

niftar (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נפטר)


orozo

lad-adj

orozo (feminine oroza, masculine plural orozos, feminine plural orozas)

oroza (feminine)
orozos (masculine plural)
orozas (feminine plural)

Sus madre viendolos tristes i abatidos les disho: Mis ijos, basta de kreyer solo en la rikeza. La persona verderamente oroza es la ke se kontenta kon lo ke le dio el Dió.

1979, Kamelia Shahar, “La verdadera felisidad”, in Aki Yerushalayim, number 1, page 6:

Their mother, seeing them sad and humbled, said to them: My children, stop believing only in wealth. The person who is truly happy is the one who is content with what God has given them.


asur

head

asur (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling אסור)


בואינו

אלמה אישטה אטאדה קון מי אלמה מונגו. אי דישו אברהם אה שרה: רוגה ... אי פואי פור לה מאנייאנה, אי טומו שרה און וישטידו מונגו בואינו, די לוש ... אי גייורו טאנביין יצחק שו איגו קונילייוש, אי טודוש לוש שיירווש קי איבאן פור אקונפאנייארלוש גייורארון גייורו גראנדי מונגו. אי טראבו שרה ...

1998, Sēfer ha-yāšār: first Ladino translation (Haverford College, Ms. Hebr. 18): a critical edition:


mazalozo

lad-adj

mazalozo (Hebrew spelling מזלוזו, feminine mazaloza, masculine plural mazalozos, feminine plural mazalozas)

מזלוזו (Hebrew)
mazaloza (feminine)
mazalozos (masculine plural)
mazalozas (feminine plural)
mazaloso (alternative)

Todo lo ke vos kero dainda no saves,
Dizeme bulisa si tu bien me keres,
Kon todo te digo ke seyas mazaloza,
Por todo el mundo ke seyas alavada.

1994, Eli Shaul, Folklor de los judios de Turkiya, Isis, →ISBN, page 123:

All that I want to tell you you still don’t know,
Tell me, lady, if you really want me,
With all that I tell you so that you finish happy,
So that you finish world-famous.

"A!" le dishi, "Oy no es un día mazalozo… Poko antes me se rompió el mango de la chanta…"

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, זיקנתך כבחרותך, page 434:

‘Gah!’ somebody said to another, ‘Today is not a lucky day… A little earlier my suitcase handle broke.’


ansiklopediko

ansiklopediko (feminine ansiklopedika, masculine plural ansiklopedikos, feminine plural ansiklopedikas)

ansiklopedika (feminine)
ansiklopedikos (masculine plural)
ansiklopedikas (feminine plural)


djudío

djudío (Hebrew spelling גﬞודﬞייו, feminine djudía)

גﬞודﬞייו (Hebrew)
djudía (feminine)
djidio (alternative)
djidió (alternative)
djidyo (alternative)
djidyó (alternative)
djudio (alternative)
djudió (alternative)
djudyo (alternative)
djudyó (alternative)
judio (alternative)
ĵudió (alternative)
ŷudyó (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish judio (“Jew”), from Latin iūdaeus.

inh+

Kontraryaménte a una idéa espandída, numerózas fuéntes egzisten pára topár trása de famías djudías orijináryas d’Izmír.

To the contrary of a scattered idea, numerous sources exist for finding traces of Jewish families originally from İzmir.

Jewish (of or relating to Jews, their ethnicity, religion, or cultures)


artistiko

lad-adj

artistiko (feminine artistika, masculine plural artistikos, feminine plural artistikas)

artistika (feminine)
artistikos (masculine plural)
artistikas (feminine plural)


kerido

kerido (feminine kerida, masculine plural keridos, feminine plural keridas)

kerida (feminine)
keridos (masculine plural)
keridas (feminine plural)


linguistiko

linguistiko (feminine linguistika, masculine plural linguistikos, feminine plural linguistikas)

linguistika (feminine)
linguistikos (masculine plural)
linguistikas (feminine plural)


ג׳יקו

ג׳יקו (Latin spelling chiko, feminine chika, masculine plural chikos, feminine plural chikas)

chiko (romanization)
chika (feminine)
chikos (masculine plural)
chikas (feminine plural)


chiko

head

chiko m (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling ג׳יקו, feminine singular chika, masculine plural chikos, feminine plural chikas)

ג׳יקו (Hebrew)
chika (feminine singular)
chikos (masculine plural)
chikas (feminine plural)


tadre

From Old Spanish tarde, from Latin tardē. Compare Spanish tarde.


טאדרי

tadre (romanization)
טאד׳רי (alternative)


barminán

From Hebrew בַּר מִינַן (bár minán, “may it not happen to us”, literally “outside of us”).


boracho

lad-adj

boracho (Hebrew spelling בוראג׳ו, feminine boracha)

בוראג׳ו (Hebrew)
boracha (feminine)
borracho (alternative)
boracio (alternative)

Ke manera, no supites ke la otra noche Eshua vino boracho i rompyó todo?

1999, David M. Bunis, Moshé Cazés, edited by David M. Bunis, Voices from Jewish Salonika, Misgav Yerushalayim, →ISBN, page 427:

How did you not know that the other night Eshua came drunk and broke everything?


godro

Inherited from Old Spanish gordo with metathesis.


aedado

aedado (Hebrew spelling אאידאדו, feminine aedada)


arapado

arapada (feminine)
arrapado (alternative)


arapada

arapado (masculine)
arrapada (alternative)


bivda

Inherited from Old Spanish vibda, bibda, from Latin vidua, following metathesis.


árabo

árabo (feminine áraba, masculine plural árabos, feminine plural árabas)

áraba (feminine)
árabos (masculine plural)
árabas (feminine plural)

From Arabic عَرَب (ʕarab, “Arabs”) or عَرَبِيّ (ʕarabiyy, “Arab, Arabic”, adjective).


djidió

En los kuentos djidiós Djohá es el furbo ke embrolia el no‐Djidió, komo en los kuentos árabos el Djohá árabo aparese komo el ke riushe a “azersela” al Djidió¹¹.

1991, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Djoha ke dize? Kuentos populares djudeo‐espanyoles, כנה:

In Jewish accounts Djohá is the cunning one who confuses the gentile, as in the Arab accounts Djohá seems like he succeeds at ‘becoming’ the Jew.


dezmudo

dezmuda (feminine)
desmudo (alternative)


dezmuda

dezmudo (masculine)
desmuda (alternative)


desrepozado

tired, feeling unwell, feeling uncomfortable


djusto

djusta (feminine)
גﬞוסטו (alternative)
custo (alternative)


sentral

סינטראל (Hebrew)
santral (alternative)
central (alternative)

Mi tezia lo meti en primero delantre de una gruta — despues ke tomi la permision de su patron, ke era un konosido de muestra famiya, me parese — serka de la ekstremidad Norte-Oeste de la kaye Egnatia, una de las kayes sentralas de la sivdad.

2007, Moshe 'Ha-Elion, Las angustias del enferno: las pasadias de un djidio de Saloniki en los kampos de eksterminasion almanes Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk i Ebensee, Sentro Moshe David Gaon de Kultura Djudeo-Espanyola, Universidad Ben-Gurion del Negev, →ISBN, page 17:

I put my desk first in front of an office — then I got my boss’s permission, my boss being an acquaintance for our family, I think — around Egnatia street’s northwest extremity, one of the city’s central streets.

El projeto ke es el tema sentral de esta avla tiene komo buto remediar esta falta.

1998, Ladinar, volume 4, המכון לחקר יהדות שאלוניקי, page 190:

The project that is the central topic of this speech has, as a goal, solving this problem.

Egziste en Amerika un komite sentral djidyo de bienfezensya por venir en ayudo de los djudyos de la Evropa menesterozos a kual paiz eyos apartengan.

2017 June 12, Amor Ayala, Los sefardíes de Bulgaria: Estudio y edición crítica de la obra «Notas istorikas» de Avraam Moshe Tadjer, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, page 345:

In America there is a central Jewish charity committee for helping Europe’s destitute Jews to whose country they belong.

(figurative) central (of upmost importance)


bohor

From Hebrew בְּכוֹר (b'chór, “firstborn”).


ermozo

ermozo (Hebrew spelling אירמוזו, feminine ermoza)

אירמוזו (Hebrew)
ermoza (feminine)
fermozo (alternative)
ermoso (alternative)
hermozzo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish fuermoso, from Latin fōrmōsus. Cognate with Spanish hermoso.


tivio

Servir tivio o a la temperatura del ambiente.

2005, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 26–28, page 79:


akel

From Vulgar Latin *eccum ille. Compare Spanish aquel.


mazloso

From Hebrew מזל (mazal, “luck, chance”) + -oso.


desmazalado

des- + Hebrew מזל (mazal, “luck, chance”) + -ado.


seheludo

From Hebrew שׂכל (sekhel, “intelligence”) + -udo.


venidero

ב׳ינידירו (Hebrew)
vinidero (alternative)

La seremoniya de inogurasion tendra lugar el lunes 24 de marso venidero.

2002, Los Muestros, numbers 46–55, R. Capuia, page 6:

The inauguration ceremony shall take place the upcoming Monday, March 24.


siguro

Esto siguro ke en tu penseryo estaras kon mi, komo yo esto kon ti en mi mueva vida.

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 289:

I am sure that you shall be with me in your thoughts, as I am with you in my new life.


kurto

קורטו (Hebrew)
curto (alternative)
korto (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish corto (“short”), from Latin curtus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.

inh+

Eya keria meterte fostanikos brodados para resivir sus musafiras, i tu te fuyias de la kaza vistida kon pantalonikos kurtos, i paresiyas un zinganiko de las kayes.

2005, La Lettre Sépharade, numbers 20–31, →ISBN, page 23:

She wanted to put embroidered dresses on you for receiving her guests, and you left the house dressed with short little pants; you looked like a street urchin.


semetiko

head

semetiko m (feminine singular semetika, masculine plural semetikos, feminine plural semetikas)

semetika (feminine singular)
semetikos (masculine plural)
semetikas (feminine plural)

El ebreo es una lingua semetika avlada en Israel i en otras komunitas djudias del mundo.

Hebrew is a Semitic language spoken in Israel and in other Jewish communities in (lit. of) the world.


talmudiko

una akademia talmudika


אונו

Inherited from Old Spanish uno, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”). Doublet of און.


טודו

head

טודו m sg (f sg טודה, m pl טודוס, f pl טודאס)

טודאס לאס פאלאבראס


otomano

Ottoman (relating to the empire centred in Turkey from the 14th century to the 20th)


liturjiko

liturjiko m (f liturjika, m pl liturjikos, f pl liturjikas)

muzika liturjika


sientifiko

sientifiko m (f sientifika, m pl sientifikos, f pl sientifikas)


kasteyano

kasteyano m sg (f sg kasteyana, m pl kasteyanos, f pl kasteyanas)


ekstravagante

La Kokuhike — Siempre se vestia ekstravagante.

2002, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 68–72, page 19:

"E, siguro!" pensi yo, "es este fostán ekstravagante ke me mití!…"

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, Nur Afakot, page 146:

‘Oh, right!’ I thought. ‘It’s this weird dress that I wore…!’


yeno

From Old Spanish lleno and lenno (“full”), from Latin plēnum (“full”).


korrekto

Sus ultimas letras ya kontienen un espanyol bastante mas korrekto ke las primeras¹: […]

2002, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 68–72, page 45:

[Somebody’s] latest letters now have Spanish that is much more correct than the first.


halis

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish خالص (halis), from Arabic خَالِص (ḵāliṣ).

bor+

Mi padre tambyen favlava el ladino ma konoseva de mas el turko, el franses i el grego, ke favlava sin el mizmo aksento ke teniyamos, los otros, i pareseva grego halis.

2000, La Lettre Sépharade, numbers 1–19, La Lettre Sépharade, page 9:

My father also spoke Judezmo but he knew more Turkish, French and Greek; he spoke without the same accent that we ourselves had, and he seemed like [an] authentic Greek.


bienaventurado

lad-noun

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו

bienaventurado m (Hebrew spelling ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו, plural bienaventurados)

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו (Hebrew)
bienaventurados (plural)
byenaventurádo (alternative)

A hybrid of byén, bien (“good”) + ventura (“fortune”) from Old Spanish, likely via a Vulgar Latin *bonaventuratus (“fortunate”), from Latin bonus, bona (“good”) + Latin ventūra (“things to come”).

inh

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו איל בﬞארון קי נון אנדה אין קונסיזﬞו די מאלוס.

Bienaventurado el varon que non anda en consejo de malos.

Blessed is the man who walks not in the counsel of the wicked.


kayente

Inherited from Latin calentem, singular accusative of calēns, present participle of caleō.

kaynte (alternative)
kaente (alternative)


estranyo

איסטראנייו (Hebrew)
estraño (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish estranno, from Latin extrāneus,

Era estranyo ke la kaye paralela yamava "segundo molo", kuando la oriya de la mar no puede tener ke uno solo.

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 50:

It was strange how the parallel path was called [the] ‘second beach’ when the shore can only have one [beach].

Una noche tuvo un suenyo estranyo.

2002, Aki Yerushalayim, numbers 68–72, page 62:

I ansina, kon estos agradavles pensamientos, i el estranyo plazer ke tomava de eyos, devista empeso a azer lo ke dezeava.

2013 November 30, Jacobo Sefamí, Miriam Moscona, Por mi boka: Textos de la diáspora sefardí en ladino, Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial México, →ISBN, page 214:

And thus, with these lovely thoughts, and the strange pleasure that [somebody] took from them, [they] immediately started to do what [they] wished.


Sefaradi

Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi,
i pensar en las sivdades ke deshi,
las glories del pasado ke pedri,
i la soledad en ke me kayi

2000, David Altabé, “Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi”, in Esther Benbassa, editor, Les Sépharades en littérature, page 164:

There is something sad in being Sephardi
and thinking of the cities that I've abandoned,
the glories of the past that I've lost
and the loneliness into which I've fallen


mansevo

Inherited from Old Spanish mancebo, Vulgar Latin *mancipius (“slave”), from Latin mancipium (“purchase property”), also "a bought slave".


vedre

ב׳ידרי (Hebrew)
vardi (alternative)
verde (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish verde, from Vulgar Latin virdis, syncopated from Latin viridis.

Mas londje, komo un kulevro vedre entrando en la agua, se via el "Kutchuk Karaburnu" ke los djidyos yamavan la Punta Tchika (o Petit cap en franses).

1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja, En torno de la torre blanca, Editions Vidas Largas, page 52:

Further away, like a green snake entering the water, the ‘Kutchuk Karaburnu’ was seen, which the Jews were calling the Little Tip (or petit cap in French).


sadikero

lad-adj

sadikero (feminine sadikera, masculine plural sadikeros, feminine plural sadikeras)

sadikera (feminine)
sadikeros (masculine plural)
sadikeras (feminine plural)


מואיסטרוס

מואיסטרו מואיסטרו#Ladino

plural of מואיסטרו


djudeo-espanyol

head

djudeo-espanyol m (Latin spelling, feminine singular djudeo-espanyola, masculine plural djudeo-espanyoles, feminine plural djudeo-espanyolas)

djudeo-espanyola (feminine singular)
djudeo-espanyoles (masculine plural)
djudeo-espanyolas (feminine plural)

La gramatika djudeo-espanyola no es iguala a la del kastilyano, ma es verdad ke se la asemeja.

Judeo-Spanish grammar isn't exactly the same as that of Castilian, but it's true that it is similar.


nesesario

ניסיסארייו (Hebrew)
necesario (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish neçesario, neçessario, from Latin necessārius.

Loeb adjusta ke antes de la Ekspulsion, la komunidad djudia de Estambol era relativamente chika, no tenia ainda el prestijio nesesario para ser konsultada por los djudios de Espanya, i el espanyol no era ainda avlado por sus miembros.

2005, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 26–28, page 14:

Loeb adds that before the expulsion, Istanbul’s Jewish community was relatively small, still lacked the necessary prestige to be consulted by Spain’s Jews, and Spanish remained unspoken by its members.


ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו

lad-noun

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו m (Latin spelling byenaventurádo, plural ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס)

byenaventurádo (romanization)
ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס (plural)
bienaventurado (alternative)

byén (“good”) + ventura (“fortune”) from Old Spanish, from Latin bonus, bona (“good”) + Latin ventūra (“things to come”).

Byenaventurádo el varon que non anda en consejo de malos.


ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס m pl (Latin spelling byenaventurádos)

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו#Ladino

plural of ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו


byenaventurádo

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו

byenaventurádo m (Hebrew spelling ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו, plural byenaventurádos)

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו (Hebrew)
byenaventurádos (plural)


byenaventurádos

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס

byenaventurádos m pl (Hebrew spelling ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס)

ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞוס (Hebrew)


byén

byén m (Hebrew spelling ביין, plural byénes)

From Old Spanish from Latin bene (“well”), from Latin bonus (“good”).


בייניס

ביין ביין#Ladino


seriozo

La madre de mi esfuegra Lea, teniya un ermano muncho mas grande de eya ke se yamava Izak. Izak era el mas grande de los 5 ermanos i era muy seriozo.

2019 November 27, Eliz Gatenyo, “Las Lentejas Del Onkl Izak”, in Şalom:

My mother-in-law's mother Lea had a brother much bigger than her whose name was Izak. Izak was the biggest of the three brothers and was very serious.


מואיבﬞו

head

מואיבﬞו (Latin spelling muevo, feminine singular מואיבﬞה, masculine plural מואיבﬞוס, feminine plural מואיבﬞאס)

muevo (romanization)
מואיבﬞה (feminine singular)
מואיבﬞוס (masculine plural)
מואיבﬞאס (feminine plural)


yelado

From Latin gelatus via Old Spanish [Term?]. Compare Spanish helado (“icy, frozen”).


suzio

From Latin sūcidus (“juicy; oily, greasy”), from sūcus (“juice, sap”) whence English succinite (“Baltic amber”). Compare Spanish sucio.


asemejante

Es muy emportante porke los Djudios no keren mas bivir un evenimyento asemejante.

2020 January 29, Silvyo OVADYA, “Una ekspozisyon en el Museo Djudio sovre el Olokosto”, in Şalom:

It's very important because the Jews don't want to live through a similar event again.


kazado

Tanto yora la bien kazada ke la bivda se keda kayada.

The well married cries so much that the widow stays quiet.


baraber

Borrowed from Turkish beraber, from Ottoman Turkish برابر (beraber).


lehli

From Ottoman Turkish لهلی (lehli, “Polish”), from له (leh, “Poland”), from Lech, the legendary founder of Poland.

Mösyö Ehrlich era lehli (ashkenazi) komo ya se entiende de su nombre.

2020 November 25, Eliz Gatenyo, “Ko-Abitasyones”, in Şalom Gazetesi:

Mösyö Ehrlich was Ashki (Ashkenazi), as is already understood from his name.


hazino

From Old Spanish hacino, from Arabic حزين.


ashkenazi

Mösyö Ehrlich was Lehli (Ashkenazi), as is already understood from his name.


djudia

Dezde el 1910 sinyor Rozanes fue el korespondiente por el Oriente de la grande ensiklopedya djudia Otser Yisrael⁶³⁴ de Nyu York.

2017 June 12, Amor Ayala, Los sefardíes de Bulgaria, De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 364:

Since 1910 Mister Rozanes was the Eastern corespondent for New York's great Jewish encyclopedia Otser Yisrael.


mintirozo

lad-adj

mintirozo (feminine mintiroza, plural mintirozos, feminine plural mintirozas)

mintiroza (feminine)
mintirozos (plural)
mintirozas (feminine plural)
mentirozo (alternative)


mentirozo

mentirozo (feminine mentiroza, plural mentirozos, feminine plural mentirozas)

mentiroza (feminine)
mentirozos (plural)
mentirozas (feminine plural)
mintirozo (alternative)


ofisial

Ultimately from Latin officiālis. Compare Spanish oficial.


kombidado

קומבידאדו (Hebrew)
konbidado (alternative)

[…] i sigun regla de syempre en salyendo la irade de su maestad emperyal, el sinyor ke fue eskojido sera kombidado ofisyalmente de parte de la sublima puerta por okupar el mansub de haham bachilik.

1986, Haïm-Vidal Sephiha, Le judéo-espagnol, Entente, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 175:

And following the rule of always leaving one's imperial majesty's decree, the gentleman who was selected shall be officially invited from the upper entrance for holding the rank of Jewish elder.


sodro

סודרו (Hebrew)
sordo (alternative)
surdo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish sordo, from Latin surdus, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”). Compare English surd.

der

Coordinate term: mudo

Yosef — Ke estas gritando? Sodro so yo?
Avram — No, no sos sodro, es ke me paresyo ke no oyites.

1996, Sara Benveniste Benrey, edited by Yossi Benbenisty, Espertando el djudeo espanyol: poemas realidas i philosophia, kantes, sketches, piesas de teatro, Yossi Benbenisty, page 142:

Joseph: ‘What’re you shouting? Am I deaf?’ Abraham: ‘No, you are not deaf, it’s just that you don’t seem to hear me.’


haloshentos

From holente (sickly), from Hebrew חוֹלֶה (“sick”), attached to Ladino sientos.

"Mashalla, topates lo ke bushkates tanto tiempo, en un bogo en el fondo del baul - despues de haloshentos anyos!"

2021 March 31, Esti SAUL, “La kamizika de la kortadura de fashadura ke topi kon los bonbones: La Sorpreza de PESAH”, in Şalom:

"Congratulations, you found what you were looking for after so much time, in a bundle at the bottom of the trunk - after many hundreds of ill yearsǃ"

many hundreds of 'ill' years (a countless, extreme extent in years)


shavdo

lad-adj

shavdo (feminine shavda, masculine plural shavdos, feminine plural shavdas)

shavda (feminine)
shavdos (masculine plural)
shavdas (feminine plural)
shevdo (alternative)
xabdo (alternative)
xebdo (alternative)

From Old Spanish enxabido, from Latin *exsapidus.


presiado

presiado (feminine presiada, masculine plural presiados, feminine plural presiadas)

presiada (feminine)
presiados (masculine plural)
presiadas (feminine plural)
presyado (alternative)


ˁagzan

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic عجزان (ʕagzān).


ḥnin

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic حنين (ḥnīn).


endiamantado

en- + Old Spanish diamante, from Latin adamantem (“hardest steel; diamond”) + -ado.

inh

(Haketia) beautiful, brilliant, marvellous


mahpul

From Ottoman Turkish مقبول (makbûl), from Arabic مَقْبُول (maqbūl).

unusual or rare in occurrence, that is appreciated


borekas

→ Hebrew: בּוּרֶקָס (buréqās)


barminam

Echizos es barminam.²²⁴

2008, Marie-Christine Varol-Bornes, Le judéo-espagnol vernaculaire d'Istanbul, Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 488:


nikochera

Borrowed from Greek νοικοκυρά (noikokyrá).

bor+

nekocherá (alternative)
nikocherá (alternative)


nesio

Inherited from Old Spanish nesçio, from Latin nescius (“ignorant”), from ne- (“not”) + sciō (“to know”). Cognate with English nice.

[…] i siertamente no es posivle toparse un ombre en todo el mundo ke sea tan nesio i loko de kavzar tanto mal a su alma por aprovechar a otros, […]

2006, יעקב כולי, מעם לועז בראשית: לקט : בצירוף מבואות, גלוסאר ומפתחות, הוצאת מכון מעלה אדומים, →ISBN, page 65:

And certainly it is not possible to find a man in all the world that be so foolish and crazy to cause so much harm to his soul by making use of others.

(derogatory) foolish; idiotic; moronic; stupid


kodja boy

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قوجه (koca) + بوی (boy).


dalkavo

dalkavos (plural)
alkavo (alternative)
de alkavo (alternative)


muhtach

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish محتاج (muhtac, muhtaç), from Arabic مُحْتَاج (muḥtāj).

La komunedad de Estanbol konta munchos rikos, la van endenyar estos rikos ke sus gran rabino salga a shelihot para una komunedad ke no es muhtach?

1888–1913, Rifat Birmizrahi, Ninet Bivas, editor, Lo ke meldavan nuestros padres, published 2002, page 221:

Istanbul's community includes many rich men, are these men going to agree that the chief rabbi leave to an embassy for a community that is not in need?


dezmodrado

דיזמודראדו (Hebrew)
desmodrado (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish desmoderado, from des- + Latin moderārī (“regulate, restrain, moderate”).

der

Se metio un fustan dezmodrado ke le esta kitando el nur

[Somebody] put on [such] a strange dress that she is no longer beautiful.


súpito

סופיטו (Hebrew)
subito (alternative)
súbito (alternative)
supito (alternative)

Borrowed from Italian subito (“immediately”).

bor+

Komo una súpita mirada del destino

2008, Matilda Gini Barnatán, Viviana Rajel Barnatán, Darío Meta Barnatán, La ija i la madre komo la unya i la karne, Ibersaf Editores, →ISBN, page 75:


posivle

פוסיב׳לי (Hebrew)

Inherited from Old Spanish possible, posible (“possible”). Cognate with Spanish posible.

Naturalmente ke tu arás tu posivle de aprenderlas lo mežor posivle.

(Can we date this quote?), David Fresco, edited by Christoph Herzog, Richard Wittmann, Istanbul – Kushta – Constantinople: Narratives of Identity in the Ottoman Capital, 1830–1930, Taylor & Francis, published 2018, →ISBN, page 77:

Naturally, you shall do [what is] possible to learn them as well as possible.


mizmo

מיזמו (Hebrew)
mesmo (alternative)
mezmo (alternative)
mismo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish mesmo, from Vulgar Latin *metipsimus (compare French même, Italian medesimo, Portuguese mesmo, Spanish mismo), from Latin -met, an emphatic suffix, with ipse (“himself”) & -issimus (a superlative suffix).

Para ti dizire este mizmo Shema Yisrael ke los tuyos entonaran en entrando en las kameras de gaz.

2003, Nuestra memoria, numbers 22–24, Fundación Memoria del Holocausto, page 28:

For you I shall say this same Shema Yisrael that yours shall sing upon entering the gas chambers.

same; identical; one and the same; indicates that the two compared noun clauses both represent the one thing

I kedava la kaza entera kon todos los byenes en poder de estos guardyanes komo si fueran eyos mizmos los patrones, i eran sirvidos en gaste de el patron de la kaza.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 188:

And these caretakers, as if they themselves were the owners, kept custody over the entire house and all of its belongings, and the [real] homeowner served them by [paying] the expenses.

(with a personal pronoun) self; emphasizes the identity or singularity of the modified noun phrase


nikochero

“Madre yugoza kita ijas nikocheras// La madre piadoza kita ija tinyoza”

2004, Tamar Alexander Frizer, Words Are Better Than Bread: A Study of the Judeo-Spanish Proverb, מכון בן־צבי לחקר קהילות ישראל במזרח, →ISBN, page 68:

‘[The] devoted mother leaves elderly [her] daughters; the compassionate mother leaves [her] stingy daughter.’


fransez

Inherited from Old Spanish françes, frances (“French”), from Latin francēnsis.

Este eskojimiento de la lingua franseza tiene munças kavzas.

1997, Salamon Bicerano, Relatos en lingua judeo-espanyola, Gözlem Gazetecilik Basın ve Yayın A.Ş., →ISBN, page 60:

This selection of the French tongue has many causes.

French (of or pertaining to France or specifically its national language)


atristado

Borrowed from French attristé (“saddened”).

Io mi consiento dolorozo i atristado
Por mis reveios²) ke io e reveiado

1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 10:

I feel agonized and sad through my rebellions that I have resisted.


doloriozo

דולורייוזו (Hebrew)
doloroso (alternative)
dolorozo (alternative)

Kuanto a la tersera klase (las povres) no puedemos inkuparla en nada, aunke reprezenta el mas doloriozo espetakulo posivle.

2006, Miscelánea de estudios árabes y hebraicos, volume 55, Universidad de Granada, page 61:

As for the third class (the poor), we cannot fault it for anything, even if it represents the most painful sight possible.


boracio

Topandome boracio de ansia sino vino
Io dezvii³) mis pasos de tu camino

Finding me drunk from wineless grief, I stray from the steps on my path.

(Romania) alternative spelling of boracho


inkluzo

אינקלוזו (Hebrew)

"Yo kero ke me digas exaktamente kuanto dinero tienes, inkluzos tus palasios i todas tus propriedades. Te do tres días de tiempo. Aze el kuento i ven a dizírmelo."

1999, Matilda Koén-Sarano, לז׳נדאס: אגדות וסיפורי מוסר מן המסורת היהודית־ספרדית, נור, page 251:

‘I want you to tell me exactly how much money you have, including your palaces and all your properties. I am giving you three days time. Calculate the amount and come tell it to me.’


favoravle

favoravles (plural)
favorable (alternative)

Confiadvos i animadvos mi puevlo en el dio i su potensia
Si vozotros guardareş su testamento con exactitud i con kerensia
El protejara a vozotros i sera favoravle su sitensia ⁵)
Aderesadvos a el siempre i rogadle con ensistensia

1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 12:

My folk, trust yourselves and encourage yourselves in God and His power, if you keep His testament with precision and with passion, He shall protect you and your sentence shall be favourable. Always address yourselves to Him and beg Him insistently.


munchisimo

lad-adj

munchísimo (feminine munchisima, masculine plural munchisimos, feminine plural munchisimas)

munchísimo (canonical)
munchisima (feminine)
munchisimos (masculine plural)
munchisimas (feminine plural)

Portanto, la importansia del prezente projeto bibliografiko se enkuentra en el servisio ke el oferese, kuando en munchisimos kavzos, dezvela misterios, desbarasa enigmas, i aklarea dudas bibliografikas, tornando ansi posivle una mejor i mas klara definision de las ovras en ladino i de sus autores.

1998, Dov Cohen, לאדינאר: מחקרים בספרות, במוסיקה ובהיסטוריה של דוברי הלאדינו, volume 4, המכון לחקר יהדות שאלוניקי:

Nevertheless, the current bibliographic project’s importance is found in the service that it offers, when in so many cases it awakens mysteries, releases enigmata, and illuminates bibliographic uncertainties, thus a better and clearer definition of the works in Judezmo and their authors becomes possible.


djoven

djoven (Hebrew spelling ג׳וב׳ין, plural djovenes)

ג׳וב׳ין (Hebrew)
djovenes (plural)
djoveno (alternative)
joven (alternative)
joveno (alternative)

Inherited from Old Spanish iouen, from Latin iuvenis.

Ainda en una muy djoven edad el se gano la fama de ser un djenio ekstraordinario.

2005, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 26–28, page 7:

Yet at a very young age he became famous as an extraordinary genius.


espavoresiente

Ya meldatesh por seguro en las gazetas ke el governo esta aparejando una ley grasias a la kuala no va aver mas estos terribles "bekchis" vinidos espesilamente de Anadol i los kualos kon sus espavoresientes sopas azian tanto espantar a todos akeyos ke tienen el koraje de durmir repozados en sus lechos.

2005, Aki Yerushalayim, volumes 26–28, page 71:

Now you certainly read in the papers that the government is preparing a law thanks to whoever is no longer having more [of] these terrible ‘guards’, especially from Anadol, coming with their frightening clubs, terrifying everybody who has the courage the sleep soundly in bed.

frightening; horrifying; scary; terrifying


pozitivo

פוזיטיב׳ו (Hebrew)

De una parte esto es pozitivo para mí i para los otros, ma la parte negativa sovresale kada nada i se aze sintir.

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, זיקנתך כבחרותך, page 204:

On one hand this is positive for me and the rest, but the downside frequently sticks out and is made felt.