음

Sino-Korean word from 音 (“sound, tone, pitch, pronunciation”).

ko-etym-Sino

the hanja entry at 音 for Sino-Korean compounds of 음

Coordinate term: 훈(訓) (hun)

(Chinese phonology) reading of a character


양

Coordinate term: 음(陰) (eum)

(philosophy) yang (the essential male principle in East Asian religion or philosophy)

the hanja entry at 陽 for Sino-Korean compounds of 양


반시옷

(phonology) the obsolete Korean consonant ㅿ.


인

실로 나는 울창한 森(삼)林(림) 속을 진종일 헤매고 끝끝내 한 나무의 印(인)象(상)을 훔쳐 오지 못한 幻(환)覺(각)의 人(인)이다.

1937 February, 이상／李箱 (I Sang), “童(동)骸(해)”, in 朝(조)光(광):

Wandering through a thick forest all day, I could not, in the end, recall an image of a single tree; I am indeed a man of hallucinations.

Sil-lo na-neun ulchang-han samnim sog-eul jinjong'il hemaego kkeutkkeunnae han namu-ui insang-eul humcheo oji mothan hwan'gag-ui in-ida.

불란서에는 음악가가 적고, 화가와 조각가가 많다. 그들은 귀의 인이 아니고 눈의 인이다.

1963, 안병욱／安秉煜 (An Byeong-uk), 마음의 窓(창)門(문)을 열고:

In France, there are not as many musicians as painters and sculptors. They have better eyes than ears.

Bullanseo-eneun eumakga-ga jeokgo, hwaga-wa jogakga-ga manta. Geudeur-eun gwi-ui in-i anigo nun-ui in-ida.

중국은 과거 수차례 나라가 바뀔 때에도 결국 인(人)을 등한시해 민족적 문제를 야기했다.

2016 February 26, “문화와 문명을 시작하는 중국... 이를 전하는 한국 [munhwawa munmyeong'eul sijakhaneun jungguk... ireul jeonhaneun han'guk]”, in Weekly Today:

China has also in the past, throughout its ever-changing dynasties, brought about ethnic conflicts as it ultimately ignored the human [aspect of things].

(literary, rather uncommon with the exception of archaic Literary Chinese-style Korean; also philosophy) person; people; human, human being

노조가 모두 참여한 오늘 파업 시위로 […] 로테르담은 인의 바다를 이뤘다.

2004 September 21, “유럽 최대 항구 로테르담 총파업, 6만명 시위 참가 [yureop choedae hanggu rotereudam chongpa'eop, 6manmyeong siwi chamga]”, in Voice of the People:

With the entire union participating today, [protesters] in Rotterdam formed a “sea of people” at the strike demonstration.

Used in certain proverbs, set phrases, or expressions


인

the hanja entry at 仁 for Sino-Korean compounds of 인

(Confucianism, philosophy) ren: benevolence (the fundamental virtue of Confucianism)


수

Sino-Korean word from 受 (“accept”), from the Middle Korean reading 슈 (Yale: syù).
The sense of "bottom" is orthographic borrowing from Japanese 受け (uke).

obor

the hanja entry at 受 for Sino-Korean compounds of 수

(Buddhism, philosophy) vedanā (sensation in Buddhist philosophy)


달

In the hangul script, first attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: tól). Ultimately from Old Korean 月羅理 (Yale: *TOlal-i, where the -i is believed to be the nominative marker).


성

Sino-Korean word from 性, from the Middle Korean reading 셔ᇰ〯 (Yale: syěng).
; “-ity, -ness”


발음

Sino-Korean word from 發音, from 發 (“to emit”) + 音 (“sound”).


전국

[t͡ɕʌ̹nɡuk̚]

(history) Warring States period in Chinese history


나라

In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 나랗〮 (Yale: nàláh), from Old Korean 國惡 (*NALak). Compare Yukjin dialect 나랑 (narang), which preserves the velar nature of the coda consonant.
Beyond Koreanic, the word is usually connected to Proto-Tungusic *nā (“land”), and hence Manchu ᠨᠠ (na, “land”) and Nanai на (na, “land”), with *lak~*lah being a suffix. Also cf. -tah in Middle Korean ᄯᅡᇂ (stah, “ground, land”) > Korean 땅 (ttang, “ibid.”) and -lk in Middle Korean ᄒᆞᆰ (holk, “earth, soil”) > Korean 흙 (heuk, “ibid.”).

m+

건륭제는 청나라의 황제였다.

Qianlong emperor was an emperor of the Qing dynasty.


불어

Sino-Korean word from 佛語, from 佛 (“France”) + 語 (“language”).

ko-etym-sino

불어 사전


혼돈

Sino-Korean word from 混沌. Doublet of 훈툰 (huntun).


역사

Sino-Korean word from 歷史, from 歷 (“to pass through”) + 史 (“history”).

역사의 한 페이지를 장식하다

歷史의 한 페이지를 裝飾하다

그녀는 역사를 전공하며 과거 사회를 연구하고 있다.

Geunyeoneun yeoksareul jeon'gonghamyeo gwageo sahoereul yeon'guhago itda.

She is majoring in history and studying past societies.

(history) history (the academic study of past events in human society)


역사

Sino-Korean word from 歷辭, from 歷 (“to traverse”) + 辭 (“words”).

조선 시대에, 새로 임명된 벼슬아치는 십 일 이내에 의정부와 전조 등에 인사를 다니는 역사를 행하였다.

Joseon sidaee, saero immyeongdoen byeoseurachineun sip il inaee uijeongbuwa jeonjo deung'e insareul danineun yeoksareul haenghayeotda.

In the Joseon Dynasty, newly appointed officials conducted an official greeting tour—known as yeoksa—by visiting bodies such as the Uijeongbu and the Jeonjo within ten days of their appointment.

(history) yeoksa (a practice in the Joseon Dynasty whereby a newly appointed official was required to visit supervisory government offices—such as the Uijeongbu and the Jeonjo—within ten days of his appointment to pay his respects)


역사

Sino-Korean word from 譯史, from 譯 (“to translate”) + 史 (“history”).

고려 시대에, 중서문하성에 속한 역사들은 관료 조직의 하부를 담당하였다.

Goryeo sidaee, jungseomunhaseong'e sokhan yeoksadeureun gwallyo jojigui habureul damdanghayeotda.

In the Goryeo Dynasty, the yeoksa—minor officials within the Jungseomunhaseong—were responsible for the lower levels of the bureaucracy.

(history) yeoksa (a minor or subordinate official belonging to the Jungseomunhaseong during the Goryeo Dynasty)


별

From Middle Korean 별〯 (Yale: pyěl), from Old Korean 星利 (*PYEli).
In the hangul script, first attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 별〯 (Yale: pyěl). Compare dialectal forms 비얼 (bieol), 밸 (bael), 베리 (beri), 빌 (bil), 벨 (bel), etc., some of which appear to preserve the original bisyllabic form.


바보

First attested in James Scarth Gale's Korean-English Dictionary, 1897. The etymology is unclear. The second element is clearly the derogatory agentive suffix -보 (-bo) (cf. 먹— (meok-, “to eat”) > 먹보 (meokbo, “glutton”)), but the first element is uncertain. Two hypotheses have been suggested (Cho Hang-beom 2019, pp. 161—164):
* Dropping of the final consonant in 밥 (bap, “rice; food”), with the original meaning of "one who does nothing but eat". There is a vowel length mismatch, however, although this could be compensatory for the consonant loss.
* A connection to 바사기 (basagi, “idiot”), ultimately from Chinese 八朔 (bā shuò, “eight months”), with premature birth implied. The dropping of the final syllables is not clearly motivated, however.


기

the hanja entry at 氣 for Sino-Korean compounds of 기

Coordinate term: 리(理) (ri, “the underlying ordering principle of the cosmos”)

(philosophy, especially Confucianism) qi, the vital force engendering the cosmos


대명사

Sino-Korean word from 代名詞, from 代 (“replacement”) + 名詞 (“noun”).


미르

Of native Korean origin. 물 (mul, “water, (obsolete) river”) may be a cognate.
Possibly borrowed from Old Chinese *[mə]-roŋ, "dragon"


연어

Sino-Korean word from 連語, from 連 (“join”) + 語 (“word”)


사이시옷

사이 (sai, “interval”) + 시옷 (siot, Korean letter)

compound

사잇소리 사잇소리#Korean

(linguistics) a Korean morpheme found in many compound words; synonym of 사잇소리 (saitsori)

(linguistics) in South Korean orthography, the Korean letter -ㅅ- (-s-) when used to write this morpheme


한자어

[ˈha̠(ː)ɲt͡ɕ͈a̠ʌ̹]

Sino-Korean word from 漢字語, from 漢字 (“Chinese character”) + 語 (“language”).

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) Sino-Korean words; Korean words etymologically from or influenced by Chinese


와

한글 자모 중 와는 독특한 음가를 가지고 있다.

Han'geul jamo jung waneun dokteukhan eumgareul gajigo itda.

Among the Hangul letters, wa has a distinctive vowel sound.

(linguistics) wa (the name of the Hangul jamo “ㅘ”, a vowel that combines the sounds of ㅗ and ㅏ)


라

From English Ra or some other European language.

(Egyptian mythology) [~신(神)] Ra, the Egyptian sun god


아

Sino-Korean word from 我, from the Middle Korean reading 아〯 (Yale: ǎ), from Middle Chinese 我 (MC ngaX).

歷(역)史(사)란 무엇인가? 人(인)類(류) 社(사)會(회)의 我(아)와 非(비)我(아)의 鬪(투)爭(쟁)[…]

1931, Sin Chaeho, 신채호(申采浩), “總(총)論(론) [Introduction]”, in 朝(조)鮮(선)上(상)古(고)史(사) (Joseon sanggosa) [Ancient history of Korea]:

What is meant by the word "history"? [It is the record of] the fight between the "ego" and the "non-ego" of human society [that has] […]

Yeoksa-ran mueos-in'ga? Illyu sahoe-ui a-wa bia-ui tujaeng […]

(literary, philosophy) the ego; the self


사튀로스

[sʰa̠tʰɥiɾo̞sʰɯ]


모음

Sino-Korean word from 母音, from 母 (“mother”) + 音 (“sound”), Japanese 母音 (boin)


받침

→ English: batchim

→ Japanese: パッチム (patchimu)

→ Russian: патчи́м (patčím)

Of native Korean origin. Substantive form of 받치— (batchi-, “to uphold”), formed with the suffix —ㅁ (-m).

(language) batchim, a consonant or consonant cluster in the final position of hangul orthography, e.g. the consonants ㄷ and ㅁ in the word 받침; the coda


된소리

Of native Korean origin. From 되다 (doeda, “strong”) + 소리 (sori, “sound”).

(phonetics) a fortis; any of the doubled jamo (ㄲ (kk), ㄸ (tt), ㅃ (pp), ㅆ (ss), or ㅉ (jj))


자음

Sino-Korean word from 子音, from 子 (“child”) + 音 (“sound”), Japanese 子音 (shiin).


에

한글 자모 중 에는 독특한 음가를 나타낸다.

Han'geul jamo jung eneun dokteukhan eumgareul natanaenda.

Among the Hangul letters, e denotes a unique vowel sound.

(linguistics) e (the name of the Hangul jamo ‘ㅔ‘, one of the vowel letters in the Korean alphabet)


형용사

hyeong'yongsa (romanization)
形容詞 (hanja)

[çʌ̹ŋjoŋsʰa̠]


고유

Sino-Korean word from 固有 (“characteristic of, innate, intrinsic, inherent”). Cognate with Japanese 固有(こゆう) (koyū, “characteristic of, particular to”).

ja-r

고유 명사

(grammar) the identity of a particular person; the characteristic of an ethnic group


의존

Sino-Korean word from 依存, from 依 (“rely on”) + 存 (“exist”)

ko-etym-Sino

의존명사(依存名詞)

a dependent noun; a noun that cannot appear alone, but requires a preceding determiner, verb, or adjective

(grammar, of a noun) dependence on a modifier


단위

Sino-Korean word from 單位 (“unit”), from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 単位 (tan'i).

obor

단위 명사

counter noun (a type of 의존 명사 (uijon myeongsa, “dependent noun”))


해라체

→ Jeju: ᄒᆞ라체 (hawrache) (calque)

[ˈhɛ(ː)ɾa̠t͡ɕʰe̞]

[ˈhe̞(ː)ɾa̠t͡ɕʰe̞]

From 해라 (haera, formal, non-polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

compound

formal, non-polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

(grammar) The formal, non-polite speech level in Korean.


해요체

From 해요 (haeyo, informal and polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

informal and polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

(grammar) The informal, polite speech level in Korean.


해체

[ˈhɛ(ː)t͡ɕʰe̞]

From 해 (hae, informal and non-polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

informal and non-polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

(grammar) The informal, non-polite speech level in Korean.


고려

→ English: Goryeo， → English: Korea

→ Japanese: 高(こう)麗(らい) (Kōrai)

→ Russian: Корё (Korjó)

고려대학교


태양

Sino-Korean word from 太陽, from 太 (“great”) + 陽 (“yang, sun, light”).

태양상(太陽像)

portraits of the Kim leaders in North Korea


용언

체용(體用)

Substance and Function in East Asian philosophy

Sino-Korean word from 用言, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 用言 (yōgen).

obor

(grammar) inflected/declinable word, verbal stem (in Korean or Japanese)


서술

Sino-Korean word from 敍述, from 敍 (“to express, to narrate, to state”) + 述 (“to express, to narrate, to state”)

ko-etym-sino

서술부어

sentence predicate (literally, "predication part")


주어

Sino-Korean word from 主語, from 主 (“chief”) + 語 (“word”)


목적어

[mo̞k̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ɡʌ̹]

From 목적 (目的, mokjeok, “purpose, object”) + 어 (語, eo, “language”).

직접 목적어

간접 목적어


형태

과거 회상 형태


힘

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 힘〮 (Yale: hím).


과거

Sino-Korean word from 過去, from 過 (“passing”) + 去 (“going”)


법

Sino-Korean word from 法 (“law”), from the Middle Korean reading 법〮 (Yale: pép).


사회학

[sʰa̠ɦø̞ɦa̠k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 社會學, from 社會 (“society”) + 學 (“-logy”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 社会学(しゃかいがく) (shakaigaku), a calque of French sociologie.


어원

Sino-Korean word from 語源, from 語 (“language, words”) + 源 (“spring, source, head”)


접미사

Sino-Korean word from 接尾辭, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 接尾辞 (setsubiji).


맞춤법

맞춤 (matchum, substantive form of 맞추다 (matchuda, “to conform”)) + 법(法) (beop, “rule”).

compound

substantive form of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">맞추다</i> (matchuda, “to conform”)


의태어

의태 (擬態, uitae, “mimicry”) + 어 (語, eo, “word”)

(linguistics) mimetic word; imitative word; ideophone


접사

[t͡ɕʌ̹ps͈a̠]


존재

[t͡ɕo̞ɲd͡ʑɛ]

[t͡ɕo̞ɲd͡ʑe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 存在, from 存 (“existing”) + 在 (“existing”)


전통

jeontong (romanization)
箋筒 and 箋筩 (hanja)

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ntʰo̞ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 箋 (“a note”) + 筒 (“a tube”) and Sino-Korean word from 箋 (“a note”) + 筩 (“a cylindrical container”).

ko-etym-sino

조선 시대에는 나라의 길흉을 알리는 전통에 전문을 넣어 왕에게 바쳤다.

Joseon sidaeeneun naraui gilhyung'eul allineun jeontong'e jeonmuneul neo'eo wang'ege bacheotda.

In the Joseon Dynasty, the official report announcing the nation’s omens was placed in a report case and presented to the king.

(history) report case (This term refers to the container used to hold the official report that was submitted to the king during times when the nation experienced auspicious or inauspicious events.)


삼국

Sino-Korean word from 三國, from 三 (“three”) + 國 (“nations”).

(Chinese history) the Three Kingdoms of Chinese history


죽음

Substantive form of 죽다 (jukda, “to die”): 죽- (juk-) + -음 (-eum).


포함하다

ko-verb

포함하다 • (pohamhada) (infinitive 포함해 or 포함하여, sequential 포함하니)

pohamhada (romanization)
포함해 (infinitive)
포함하여 (infinitive)
포함하니 (sequential)
포함한다 (formal indicative non-past)
포함해 (indicative informal non-past)
포함해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
포함합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
포함했다 (formal indicative past)
포함했어 (indicative informal past)
포함했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
포함했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
포함하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
포함해 (informal interrogative non-past)
포함해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
포함합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
포함했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
포함했어 (informal interrogative past)
포함했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
포함했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
포함하자 (formal hortative)
포함해 (hortative informal)
포함해요 (hortative informal polite)
포함하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
포함해라 (formal imperative)
포함하여라 (formal imperative)
포함해 (imperative informal)
포함해요 (imperative informal polite)
포함합시오 (formal imperative polite)
포함하겠다 (assertive formal)
포함하겠어 (assertive informal)
포함하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
포함하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
포함해 (causative formal)
포함해서 (causative informal)
포함하여서 (causative informal)
포함하니 (causative informal polite)
포함하니까 (causative formal polite)
포함하지만 (contrastive formal)
포함하는데 (contrastive informal)
포함하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
포함하고 (conjunctive formal)
포함하면 (conditional formal)
포함해야 (conditional informal)
포함하여야 (conditional informal)
포함하려고 (formal motive-form)
포함함 (formal noun-from-verb)
포함하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
포함했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
포함하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
포함했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
포함하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
포함한 (determiner formal past)
포함하는 (determiner formal present)
포함할 (determiner formal future)
포함하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
포함하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
포함하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
포함하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
포함하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
포함하셨다 (formal indicative past)
포함하셨어 (indicative informal past)
포함하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
포함하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
포함하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
포함하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
포함하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
포함하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
포함하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
포함하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
포함하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
포함하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
포함하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
포함하시라 (formal imperative)
포함하셔 (imperative informal)
포함하세요 (imperative informal polite)
포함하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
포함하시겠다 (assertive formal)
포함하시겠어 (assertive informal)
포함하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
포함하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
포함하셔 (causative formal)
포함하셔서 (causative informal)
포함하시니 (causative informal polite)
포함하시니까 (causative formal polite)
포함하시지만 (contrastive formal)
포함하시는데 (contrastive informal)
포함하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
포함하시고 (conjunctive formal)
포함하시면 (conditional formal)
포함하셔야 (conditional informal)
포함하시려고 (formal motive-form)
포함하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
포함하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
포함하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
포함하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
포함하신 (determiner formal past)
포함하시는 (determiner formal present)
포함하실 (determiner formal future)

포함(包含) (poham) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).


종합

[t͡ɕo̞ŋɦa̠p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 綜合, from 綜 (“gathering”) + 合 (“combining”)


이념

Sino-Korean word from 理念, from 理 (“ruling”) + 念 (“idea”)


꾸미다

ko-verb

꾸미다 • (kkumida) (infinitive 꾸며 or 꾸미어, sequential 꾸미니)

kkumida (romanization)
꾸며 (infinitive)
꾸미어 (infinitive)
꾸미니 (sequential)
꾸민다 (formal indicative non-past)
꾸며 (indicative informal non-past)
꾸며요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸미어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸밉니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
꾸몄다 (formal indicative past)
꾸몄어 (indicative informal past)
꾸몄어요 (indicative informal past polite)
꾸몄습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
꾸미느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
꾸며 (informal interrogative non-past)
꾸며요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸밉니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸몄느냐 (formal interrogative past)
꾸몄어 (informal interrogative past)
꾸몄어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
꾸몄습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
꾸미자 (formal hortative)
꾸며 (hortative informal)
꾸며요 (hortative informal polite)
꾸미어요 (hortative informal polite)
꾸미십시다 (formal hortative polite)
꾸며라 (formal imperative)
꾸미어라 (formal imperative)
꾸며 (imperative informal)
꾸며요 (imperative informal polite)
꾸미어요 (imperative informal polite)
꾸밉시오 (formal imperative polite)
꾸미겠다 (assertive formal)
꾸미겠어 (assertive informal)
꾸미겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
꾸미겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
꾸며 (causative formal)
꾸며서 (causative informal)
꾸미어서 (causative informal)
꾸미니 (causative informal polite)
꾸미니까 (causative formal polite)
꾸미지만 (contrastive formal)
꾸미는데 (contrastive informal)
꾸미더니 (contrastive informal polite)
꾸미고 (conjunctive formal)
꾸미면 (conditional formal)
꾸며야 (conditional informal)
꾸미어야 (conditional informal)
꾸미려고 (formal motive-form)
꾸밈 (formal noun-from-verb)
꾸미기 (informal noun-from-verb)
꾸몄음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
꾸몄기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
꾸민 (determiner formal past)
꾸미는 (determiner formal present)
꾸밀 (determiner formal future)
꾸미신다 (formal indicative non-past)
꾸미셔 (indicative informal non-past)
꾸미세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸미셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸미십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
꾸미셨다 (formal indicative past)
꾸미셨어 (indicative informal past)
꾸미셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
꾸미셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
꾸미시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
꾸미셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
꾸미세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
꾸미셨어 (informal interrogative past)
꾸미셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
꾸미셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
꾸미시라 (formal imperative)
꾸미셔 (imperative informal)
꾸미세요 (imperative informal polite)
꾸미십시오 (formal imperative polite)
꾸미시겠다 (assertive formal)
꾸미시겠어 (assertive informal)
꾸미시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
꾸미시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
꾸미셔 (causative formal)
꾸미셔서 (causative informal)
꾸미시니 (causative informal polite)
꾸미시니까 (causative formal polite)
꾸미시지만 (contrastive formal)
꾸미시는데 (contrastive informal)
꾸미시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
꾸미시고 (conjunctive formal)
꾸미시면 (conditional formal)
꾸미셔야 (conditional informal)
꾸미시려고 (formal motive-form)
꾸미심 (formal noun-from-verb)
꾸미시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
꾸미셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미신 (determiner formal past)
꾸미시는 (determiner formal present)
꾸미실 (determiner formal future)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᅮ〮미다〮 (Yale: skwúmìtá). Compare 꾸리다 (kkurida).


활용하다

ko-verb

활용하다 • (hwaryonghada) (infinitive 활용해 or 활용하여, sequential 활용하니)

hwaryonghada (romanization)
활용해 (infinitive)
활용하여 (infinitive)
활용하니 (sequential)
활용한다 (formal indicative non-past)
활용해 (indicative informal non-past)
활용해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
활용합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
활용했다 (formal indicative past)
활용했어 (indicative informal past)
활용했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
활용했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
활용하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
활용해 (informal interrogative non-past)
활용해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
활용합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
활용했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
활용했어 (informal interrogative past)
활용했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
활용했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
활용하자 (formal hortative)
활용해 (hortative informal)
활용해요 (hortative informal polite)
활용하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
활용해라 (formal imperative)
활용하여라 (formal imperative)
활용해 (imperative informal)
활용해요 (imperative informal polite)
활용합시오 (formal imperative polite)
활용하겠다 (assertive formal)
활용하겠어 (assertive informal)
활용하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
활용하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
활용해 (causative formal)
활용해서 (causative informal)
활용하여서 (causative informal)
활용하니 (causative informal polite)
활용하니까 (causative formal polite)
활용하지만 (contrastive formal)
활용하는데 (contrastive informal)
활용하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
활용하고 (conjunctive formal)
활용하면 (conditional formal)
활용해야 (conditional informal)
활용하여야 (conditional informal)
활용하려고 (formal motive-form)
활용함 (formal noun-from-verb)
활용하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
활용했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
활용하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
활용했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
활용하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
활용한 (determiner formal past)
활용하는 (determiner formal present)
활용할 (determiner formal future)
활용하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
활용하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
활용하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
활용하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
활용하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
활용하셨다 (formal indicative past)
활용하셨어 (indicative informal past)
활용하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
활용하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
활용하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
활용하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
활용하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
활용하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
활용하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
활용하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
활용하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
활용하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
활용하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
활용하시라 (formal imperative)
활용하셔 (imperative informal)
활용하세요 (imperative informal polite)
활용하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
활용하시겠다 (assertive formal)
활용하시겠어 (assertive informal)
활용하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
활용하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
활용하셔 (causative formal)
활용하셔서 (causative informal)
활용하시니 (causative informal polite)
활용하시니까 (causative formal polite)
활용하시지만 (contrastive formal)
활용하시는데 (contrastive informal)
활용하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
활용하시고 (conjunctive formal)
활용하시면 (conditional formal)
활용하셔야 (conditional informal)
활용하시려고 (formal motive-form)
활용하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
활용하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
활용하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
활용하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
활용하신 (determiner formal past)
활용하시는 (determiner formal present)
활용하실 (determiner formal future)

활용(活用) (hwaryong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).


주부

Sino-Korean word from 主 (“chief”) + 部 (“division”)


고유명사

goyumyeongsa (romanization)
固有名詞 (hanja)


가정법

[ˈka̠(ː)d͡ʑʌ̹ŋp͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 假定 (“assumption”) + 法 (“mood”), with compound/genitive tensing applied


가설법

[ˈka̠(ː)sʰʌ̹ɭp͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 假說 (“hypothesis”) + 法 (“grammatical mood”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


가명

Sino-Korean word from 假名, from 假 (“false”) + 名 (“name”)

ko-etym-Sino

(rare, linguistics) kana, the Japanese syllabary


간접화법

ganjeophwabeop (romanization)
間接話法 (hanja)

[ka̠ɲd͡ʑʌ̹pʰwa̠bʌ̹p̚]

From 간접 (間接, ganjeop, “indirectness”) + 화법 (話法, hwabeop, “narration”).


감동사

From 감동 (感動, gamdong, “emotion”) + -사 (詞, -sa, “part of speech”).


개별자

[ˈkɛ(ː)bjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠]

[ˈke̞(ː)bjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠]

Sino-Korean word from 個別 (“individual”) + 者 (“thing”)

(philosophy) individuals or particulars, as opposed to universals.


개념

[ˈkɛ(ː)ɲʌ̹m]

Sino-Korean word from 槪念, from 槪 (“overall”) + 念 (“idea”)


걸림씨

[kʌ̹ʎʎimɕ͈i]

Of native Korean origin. From 걸림 (geollim, “hanging on”) + 씨 (ssi, “part of speech”).


건망증

geonmangjeung (romanization)
健忘症 (hanja)

[ˈkɘ(ː)nma̠ŋt͡ɕ͈ɯŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 健忘症, from 健 (“strong”) + 忘 (“forgetfulness”) + 症 (“disease”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


고유어

Sino-Korean word from 固有 (“inherent”) + 語 (“word”).

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) a word that is part of a language's native vocabulary


공리

Sino-Korean word from 公理, from 公 (“common”) + 理 (“principle”)


관용구

Sino-Korean word from 慣用句, from 慣用 (“usage”) + 句 (“phrase”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

ko-etym-sino

'See you around'는 헤어질 때 쓰는 관용구에 불과하다.

See you around neun heeojil ttae sseuneun gwanyonggue bulgwahada.

"See you around" is no more than a set phrase one says when bidding farewell.


관사

Sino-Korean word from 冠詞, from 冠 (“first”) + 詞 (“word”)


관계어

From 관계 (關係, gwan'gye, “connection”) + -어 (語, -eo, “word”).


관계대명사

ko-noun

관계대명사 • (gwan'gyedaemyeongsa) (hanja 關係代名詞)

gwan'gyedaemyeongsa (romanization)
關係代名詞 (hanja)

From 관계 (關係, gwan'gye, “relation”) + 대명사 (代名詞, daemyeongsa, “pronoun”).


교황

Sino-Korean word from 敎皇, from 敎 (“religion”) + 皇 (“emperor”).


구절

Sino-Korean word from 句 (“clause”) + 節 (“word”)


기수사

Contraction of 기본 수사 (基本 數詞, gibon susa, “basic number words”).


알파벳

(linguistics, technical) alphabet (type of writing system)


기린

girin (romanization)
마리 (counter)
麒麟 (hanja)

Medici giraffe
Zheng He
ko:기린
ko:기린 (동음이의)
ko:기린 (전설)
maritime history of Somalia

Sino-Korean word from 麒麟. The archaic sense of legendary animal is attested in the two-millennia old Confucianist Classic of Rites that reads bonghwang-girin (鳳凰麒麟). Since Admiral Zheng He brought a giraffe from Somalia to China in 1414, this Hanja word was equated with Somali geri or the like meaning "giraffe" then (See Citations:기린), which on the other hand may have influenced the etymology of Italian giraffa (since Medici giraffe in 1486) and its European derivatives via Arabic زَرَافَة (zarāfa).


탑

Sino-Korean word from 塔 (“stupa; tower”), from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa).

ko-etym-sino

the hanja entry at 塔 for Sino-Korean compounds of 탑


페르세포네

From Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).

(Greek mythology) Persephone (Greek goddess)


하게체

[ha̠ɡe̞t͡ɕʰe̞]

From 하게 (hage, familiar, semi-polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

compound

familiar, semi-polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

(grammar) familiar style, speech level of neutral politeness


흡혈귀

[xɯpʰjʌ̹ɭɡɥi]

[xɯpʰjʌ̹ɭɡy]

Sino-Korean word from 吸血鬼, from 吸 (“to suck”) + 血 (“blood”) + 鬼 (“demon”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吸血鬼(きゅうけつき) (kyūketsuki).


육조

Sino-Korean word from 六曹, from 六 (“six”) + 曹 (“ministry”)

ko-etym-Sino

(history) The six major ministries of the Korean Joseon Dynasty, namely the ministries of personnel, taxation, rites, military affairs, punishments, and public works.


악마

Sino-Korean word from 惡魔, from 惡 (“evil”) + 魔 (“demon”).


외래어

[ˈwe̞(ː)ɾɛʌ̹]

[ˈø̞(ː)ɾɛʌ̹]

[ˈwe̞(ː)ɾe̞ʌ̹]

[ˈø̞(ː)ɾe̞ʌ̹]

(linguistics) loanword (word taken from another language)

(linguistics, in the context of the Korean language) loanword not from Sino-Korean; non-Chinese loanword


절

the hanja entry at 節 for Sino-Korean compounds of 절


아레스

(Greek mythology) Ares (the god of war, son of Zeus and Hera)


타나토스

(Greek mythology) Thanatos (the god of death)


인식론

Literally "theory of cognition," Sino-Korean word from 認識論, from 認識 (“cognition”) + 論 (“theory”)


어미

(grammar) ending (attached to stems of verbs and adjectives)


어미

Holonym: 판심(版心) (pansim)

(publishing, bibliography) V-shaped decoration that appears in the middle of a traditional East Asian-style book leaf


정의

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋɰi]

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋi]


집합명사

jiphammyeongsa (romanization)
集合名詞 (hanja)


품사

Sino-Korean word from 品詞, from 品 (“article”) + 詞 (“word”)


하십시오체

[ha̠ɕʰipɕ͈io̞t͡ɕʰe̞]

From 하십시오 (hasipsio, formal and polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

compound

formal and polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

(grammar) The formal, polite speech level in Korean.


능격

[nɯŋk͈jʌ̹k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 能格, from 能 (“ability”) + 格 (“pattern”), with compound/genitive tensing applied


비단길

From 비단(緋緞) (bidan, “silk fabric”) + -ㅅ- (-s-, genitive interfix; omitted from the spelling, but this causes the tense phonation of the following consonant) + 길 (gil, “road”).


이성

[ˈi(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]

(philosophy, South Korea) reason; logic; rationality


방언

Sino-Korean word from 方言 (“dialect, patois”)

ko-etym-sino

언어학이란 학문에 있어, 언어와 방언의 차이는 매우 모호하다 할 수 있겠습니다.

eoneohag-iran hangmun-e isseo, eoneo-wa bang'eon-ui chai-neun mae'u mohohada hal su itgetseumnida.

In the academic field of linguistics, we may say that the distinction between a language and a dialect is very imprecise.

사투리

chiefly non-academic, colloquially dominant


마술사

Sino-Korean word from 魔術師 (“magician, conjurer”).


인칭

Sino-Korean word from 人稱 (“(grammar) person”)


문장

Sino-Korean word from 文章 (“(grammar) sentence”)

문장이 끝나면 마침표를 찍어야 합니다.

Munjang-i kkeunnamyeon machimpyo-reul jjigeoya hamnida.

A full stop must be placed at the end of a sentence.


체언

명사, 대명사, 수사는 체언에 속한다.

myeongsa, daemyeongsa, susa-neun cheeon-e sokhanda.

Nouns, pronouns, and numerals are classified as cheeon.

(grammar) uninflected/indeclinable word, indeclinable nominal (in Korean or Japanese)


창포검

[t͡ɕʰa̠ŋpʰo̞ɡʌ̹m]

Sino-Korean word from 菖蒲 (“sweet flag, a kind of plant”) + 劒 (“sword”)

ko-etym-Sino

(history, weaponry) single-bladed straight sword used during the Joseon dynasty (often it a form of concealed weapon)


환도

Sino-Korean word from 環 (“rings (of the scabbard)”) + 刀 (“sword”)

(history, weaponry) single-bladed curved military sword used during the Joseon dynasty (much closer to Japanese wakazaki in appearance in real life)


운검

Sino-Korean word from 雲 (“"high" by status”) + 劍 (“sword”)

(history, weaponry) highly-decorated single-bladed curved sword used by the member of the royal guards during the Joseon dynasty


전차

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ɲt͡ɕʰa̠]


불사조

Sino-Korean word from 不死鳥, from 不死 (“undying”) + 鳥 (“bird”).

ko-etym-sino

충실한 친구는 불사조와 같다.

chungsilhan chin'guneun bulsajowa gatda.


어근

Sino-Korean word from 語根, from 語 (“word”) + 根 (“root”)


마디

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄆᆞᄃᆡ (Yale: mòtòy).


유음

(South Korea, phonetics, phonology) liquid consonant


제법

Sino-Korean word from 諸 (“all”) + 法 (“dharma factor; phenomenon”).

ko-etym-sino

[t͡ɕe̞bʌ̹p̚]

(Buddhism, philosophy) all existent phenomena


석기 시대

Seokgi sidae (romanization)
石器時代 (hanja)

[sʰʌ̹k̚k͈i ɕʰidɛ]

Sino-Korean word from 石器時代, from 石器 (“stone tool”) + 時代 (“age”).


청동기 시대

ko-pos

청동기 시대 • (Cheongdonggi sidae) (hanja 靑銅器時代)

Cheongdonggi sidae (romanization)
靑銅器時代 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ŋdo̞ŋɡi ɕʰidɛ]

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ŋdo̞ŋɡi ɕʰide̞]

Sino-Korean word from 靑銅器時代, from 靑銅器 (“bronzeware”) + 時代 (“age”).


철기 시대

Cheolgi sidae (romanization)
鐵器時代 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭɡi ɕʰidɛ]

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭɡi ɕʰide̞]

Sino-Korean word from 鐵器時代, from 鐵器 (“ironware”) + 時代 (“age”).


윤회

Sino-Korean word from 輪廻, from 輪 (“wheel”) + 廻 (“to circle around”), from Middle Chinese 輪迴 (lwin hwoj)

(South Korea, philosophy, religion, Buddhism) samsara


부조리

평생 부조리를 논하던 까뮈는 어느 날 교통사고로 사망했다. 참 어울리는 죽음이었다.

pyeongsaeng bujori-reul nonhadeon Kkamwi-neun eoneu nal gyotongsago-ro samanghaetda. cham eoullineun jugeum-ieotda.

Camus, who spoke of the absurd all his life, died in a car crash one day. There could have been no more fitting death.


활용

(grammar) conjugation, declension, inflection


직접화법

jikjeophwabeop (romanization)
直接話法 (hanja)

[t͡ɕik̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹pʰwa̠bʌ̹p̚]

(grammar) direct speech (the writing of speech)


평성

[pʰjʌ̹ŋsʰʌ̹ŋ]

(Chinese phonetics) level tone (one of the four tones in Middle Chinese)


황제

[ɸwa̠ŋd͡ʑe̞]


황제

[ɸwa̠ŋd͡ʑe̞]


ㆆ

(linguistics) In contemporary Korean dialectology, used to represent an archiphoneme which tenses the subsequent consonant.


코퓰러

[kʰo̞pʰjuɭɭʌ̹]


도깨비

dokkaebi (romanization)
독갑이 (alternative Early Modern)
돗갑이 (alternative Early Modern)
독ᄭᅡᆸ이 (alternative Early Modern)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 돗〮가비〮 (Yale: twóskàpí).

ko-etym-native

(mythology) dokkaebi (mythical being in Korean folklore or fairy tales)


가제

자료명은 假題임


진여

(Buddhism, philosophy) suchness, thusness (existence as it is)


시제

(grammar) tense (verb forms distinguishing time)


아테지

(linguistics) The use of kanji chosen primarily for their phonetic or semantic value to represent foreign or native Japanese words, or the kanji so used.


철자법

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠p͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 철자(綴字) (cheolja, “spelling”) + 법(法) (beop, “law; method”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


부상

(Chinese mythology) Fusang, legendary land to the East commonly assumed to be Japan


실크 로드

[ɕʰiɭkxɯ ɾo̞dɯ]


반절

[ˈpa̠(ː)ɲd͡ʑʌ̹ɭ]

(Chinese phonetics) fanqie (in traditional Chinese lexicography, a method of indicating the pronunciation of a character by using two other characters, each giving part of the pronunciation)


어휘소

어휘 (語彙, eohwi, “word”) + 소 (素, so, “element”)


우라누스

From Latin Ūranus, from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós), from οὐρανός (ouranós, “sky, heaven”).


아프로디테

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē).


아테나

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀθηνᾶ (Athēnâ).


티탄

(Greek mythology) Titan (mythological giant)


헤파이스토스

From Ancient Greek Ἥφαιστος (Hḗphaistos).


국제 음성 기호

ko-noun

국제 음성 기호 • (gukje eumseong giho) (hanja 國際音聲記號)

gukje eumseong giho (romanization)
國際音聲記號 (hanja)

[kuk̚t͡ɕ͈e̞ ɯmsʰʌ̹ŋ kiβo̞]

Sino-Korean word from 국제(國際) (gukje, “international”) + 음성(音聲) (eumseong, “sound”) + 기호(記號) (giho, “sign, symbol, mark”). See also Japanese 国際音声記号(こくさいおんせいきごう) (kokusai onsei kigō), Chinese 國際音標／国际音标 (guójì yīnbiāo).

ja-r

こくさい おんせい きごう

zh-l

國際音標／国际音标 (guójì yīnbiāo)

International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet

(phonetics) International Phonetic Alphabet (a standardized set of symbols for representing the sounds of human speech)


발해

(history) Balhae, a 7-10th kingdom located around northern China and Korea; Balhae


라그나로크

[ɾa̠ɡɯna̠ɾo̞kxɯ]


반의어

banuieo (romanization)
反義語 (hanja)
反意語 (hanja)


동의어

dong'uieo (romanization)
同義語 (hanja)
同意語 (hanja)


유의어

유의어 사전(類義語辭典)


부정사

[pud͡ʑʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]


접두사

[t͡ɕʌ̹p̚t͈usʰa̠]


한정사

[ha̠ɲd͡ʑʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]


능동태

[nɯŋdo̞ŋtʰɛ]


비교급

Sino-Korean word from 比較級, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


최상급

[ˈt͡ɕʰwe̞(ː)sʰa̠ŋɡɯp̚]

[ˈt͡ɕʰø̞(ː)sʰa̠ŋɡɯp̚]


명령법

myeongnyeongbeop (romanization)
命令法 (hanja)

[ˈmjɘ(ː)ŋɲʌ̹ŋp͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 命令法, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


사단

Sino-Korean word from 四 (“four”) + 端 (“clues”), introduced by the fourth-century BCE philosophical treatise Mencius.

惻隱之心 惻隱之心#Korean

(Confucianism, philosophy) the four universal emotions that reveal the fundamental goodness of humanity:

측은지심 (惻隱之心, cheugeunjisim, “compassion and sympathy”)

羞惡之心 羞惡之心#Korean

수오지심 (羞惡之心, suojisim, “shame and dislike [of wrongdoing]”)

辭讓之心 辭讓之心#Korean

사양지심 (辭讓之心, sayangjisim, “modesty and politeness”)

是非之心 是非之心#Korean

시비지심 (是非之心, sibijisim, “discrimination between good and bad”)


올림말

From 올림 (ollim, substantive form of 올리다 (ollida, “to raise”)) + 말 (mal, “word”).

com

substantive form of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">올리다</i> (ollida, “to raise”)

(linguistics) lemma (the canonical form of an inflected word)


전주

[t͡ɕʌ̹ɲd͡ʑu]

Sino-Korean word from 轉注 (“extended meaning”).

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) figurative extension of meaning


한어

Sino-Korean word from 漢語, from 漢 (“China”) + 語 (“language”).

한어 방언의 연구

고대 한어 독본

(linguistics or Yanbian) Chinese language

(linguistics) Sino-Japanese vocabulary, kango


차용어

[ˈt͡ɕʰa̠(ː)joŋʌ̹]


두음 법칙

dueum beopchik (romanization)
頭音法則 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 頭音法則, from 頭音 (“initial sound”) + 法則 (“law”)

(linguistics, South Korea) the "initial law" (a rule that alters the spelling of Sino-Korean words that begin with the consonant ㄹ (l) and ㄴ (n))


두음

Sino-Korean word from 頭音, from 頭 (“head, first, beginning”) + 音 (“sound”)


충

(formal, especially philosophy) loyalty; allegiance

the hanja entry at 忠 for Sino-Korean compounds of 충


과거시제

[ˈkwa̠(ː)ɡʌ̹ɕʰid͡ʑe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 과거(過去) (gwageo) + 시제(時制) (sije).


미래시제

[ˈmi(ː)ɾɛɕʰid͡ʑe̞]


현재시제

hyeonjaesije (romanization)
現在時制 (hanja)

[ˈçɘ(ː)ɲd͡ʑɛɕʰid͡ʑe̞]

[ˈçɘ(ː)ɲd͡ʑe̞ɕʰid͡ʑe̞]


음가

Sino-Korean word from 音價, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


수분류사

Compound of 수 (su, “number”) + 분류 (bullyu, “classification”) + 사 (sa, “word”).


천지인

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɲd͡ʑiin]

(Eastern philosophy) heaven, earth, and man


천도

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ndo̞]

Sino-Korean word from 天道, from 天 (“heaven”) + 道 (“way”), from Middle Chinese 天道.

ko-etym-Sino

(literary, philosophy) laws of nature; laws of heaven


정관사

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋɡwa̠nsʰa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 定冠詞 (“definite article”)


부정관사

bujeonggwansa (romanization)
不定冠詞 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 不定冠詞 (“indefinite article”)

(grammar) indefinite article: a and an in English, ein in German and un in French.


화제한어

[ɸwa̠d͡ʑe̞ɦa̠nʌ̹]

(linguistics) Japanese-made Chinese-character-based words, wasei kango


치우

(Chinese mythology) Chiyou (tribal leader of the ancient Nine Li tribe)


해제

영문해제


복희

(Chinese mythology) Fuxi (a legendary ancient Chinese ruler and culture hero)


여와

(Chinese mythology) Nüwa, the goddess who repaired heaven and created mankind


양성

Sino-Korean word from 陽性 (“positive, masculine”)

masculinity
(linguistics) masculine gender


북송

Sino-Korean word from 北宋, from 北 (“north”) + 宋 (“Song”)


전한

[t͡ɕʌ̹nɦa̠n]

Sino-Korean word from 前漢, from 前 (“previous”) + 漢 (“Han”)


서진

Sino-Korean word from 西晉, from 西 (“west”) + 晉 (“Jin”)


서진

Sino-Korean word from 西秦, from 西 (“west”) + 秦 (“Qin”)


북위

Sino-Korean word from 北魏, from 北 (“north”) + 魏 (“Wei”)


후연

Sino-Korean word from 後燕, from 後 (“afterwards”) + 燕 (“Yan”)


과거형

[ˈkwa̠(ː)ɡʌ̹ʝʌ̹ŋ]


정음

《훈민정음》

(Chinese linguistics) proper pronunciation


속음

Sino-Korean word from 俗音, from 俗 (“vernacular”) + 音 (“pronunciation; sound”).

ko-etym-sino

(Chinese linguistics) vernacular pronunciation; an unorthodox reading that became widespread


구결자

[ˈku(ː)ɡjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠]

Sino-Korean word from 口訣字, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


이영보래

[ˈi(ː)jʌ̹ŋbo̞ɾɛ]

Sino-Korean word from 以 (“using”) + 影 (“ㆆ (q) /*ʔ/”) + 補 (“supplement”) + 來 (“ㄹ (l) /*l/”). From the preface of the Dongguk Jeongun.

ko-etym-Sino

<i class="Kore mention" lang="okm">ㆆ</i> (q) /*ʔ/

<i class="Kore mention" lang="okm">ㄹ</i> (l) /*l/

(phonology) The phenomenon in Middle Korean (in the book Dongguk Jeongun) where the hangul consonant cluster ㅭ (lq) /*-lʔ/ was used to represent the Middle Chinese final consonant /*-t/, alongside ㅂ (p) /*-p/ (MC: /*-p/) and ㄱ (k) /*-k/ (MC: /*-k/).


반시읏

(North Korea, phonology) the obsolete Korean consonant ㅿ.


여린히읗

(phonology) the obsolete Korean consonant ㆆ.


꼭지이응

[k͈o̞k̚t͡ɕ͈iiɯŋ]

(phonology) the obsolete Korean consonant ㆁ.


본음

Sino-Korean word from 本音, from 本 (“original”) + 音 (“pronunciation; sound”).


심마니말

From 심마니 (simmani, “ginseng digger”) + 말 (mal, “speech”).

com

(historical, linguistics) A coded cant historically used by Korean ginseng gatherers, both to hide the best ginseng spots from outsiders (since ginseng was an extremely valuable product) and because it was believed that using normal language would make it harder to find ginseng. Typically, common words are replaced by figurative or ideophonic expressions; loanwords from Manchu may also be used.


된시옷

Of native Korean origin. From 되다 (doeda, “strong”) + 시옷 (siot, “the Korean letter ㅅ (s)”).

compound

the Korean letter <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">ㅅ</i> (s)

(phonetics) the Korean fortis consonant /s͈/, written ㅆ (ss)


화법

[ɸwa̠p͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 話 (“speech”) + 法 (“method”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) speech, as in indirect speech or direct speech


마인어

Sino-Korean word from 馬 (“Malaysia”) + 印 (“Indonesia”) + 語 (“language”).

(linguistics) Malay language (Southeast Asian language of which Malaysian and Indonesian are the official standards)


몽어

Sino-Korean word from 蒙語, from 蒙 (“Mongol”) + 語 (“language”).

(historical, linguistics) Classical Mongolian language, the literary language of the Early Modern Mongols


표제어

pyojeeo (romanization)
標題語 (hanja)
表題語 (hanja)

(linguistics) entry (in a dictionary), headword, lemma


형태소

[çʌ̹ŋtʰɛsʰo̞]

[çʌ̹ŋtʰe̞sʰo̞]


상성

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)ŋsʰʌ̹ŋ]

(Chinese phonetics) rising tone (one of the four tones in Middle Chinese)


거성

[ˈkɘ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]

(Chinese phonetics) departing tone (one of the four tones in Middle Chinese)


입성

Sino-Korean word from 入聲 (“entering tone, checked tone”).

(Chinese phonetics) entering tone (one of the four tones in Middle Chinese)


어휘장

[ˈɘ(ː)ɦɥid͡ʑa̠ŋ]

[ˈɘ(ː)ɦyd͡ʑa̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 語彙 (“vocabulary”) + 場 (“field”).

(linguistics, translation studies) semantic field, lexical field (group of words relating to the same subject)


하오체

From 하오 (hao, semi-formal imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

compound

semi-formal imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

‘다음 방정식의 해를 구하시오’는 하오체의 예시입니다.

‘da'eum bangjeongsig-ui hae-reul guhasio’-neun haoche-ui yesi-imnida.

da'eum bangjeongsig-ui hae-reul guhasio ["Please find the solution to this equation"] is an example of haoche.

(grammar) The semi-formal speech level in Korean.

Gyeongsang dialect
Hamgyong dialect
Jeolla dialect


고저 악센트

ko-noun

고저 악센트 • (gojeo aksenteu) (hanja 高低 악센트)

gojeo aksenteu (romanization)
高低 악센트 (hanja)

고저(高低) (gojeo, “pitch”) + 악센트 (aksenteu, “accent”).

compound

고저 악센트를 가진 언어 중 일본어가 우리에게 가장 익숙할 것입니다.

gojeo aksenteu-reul gajin eoneo jung ilboneo-ga uri-ege gajang iksukhal geosimnida.

Among the languages with pitch accent, Japanese will be the most familiar to us.


파생어

[pʰa̠sʰɛŋʌ̹]

[pʰa̠sʰe̞ŋʌ̹]


합성어

[ha̠ps͈ʌ̹ŋʌ̹]


훈가자

[ˈɸʷu(ː)nɡa̠d͡ʑa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 訓 (“gloss”) + 假 (“borrow”) + 字 (“character”)

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) a semantically-adapted phonogram; in East Asia, a Chinese character which is used as a phonogram to write a non-Chinese language, and whose phonetic value derives from the native semantic equivalent of the Chinese character


훈주음종

hunjueumjong (romanization)
訓主音從 (hanja)

[ˈɸʷu(ː)ɲd͡ʑuɯmd͡ʑo̞ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 訓 (“logogram”) + 主 (“principal”) + 音 (“phonogram”) + 從 (“subsequent”). Popularized or coined by South Korean linguist Kim Wan-jin (김완진/金完鎭, born 1931), who identified the tendency.

coin

(linguistics) In Old Korean orthography, the tendency that a native Korean word is written by a combination of an initial logogram corresponding to the Chinese semantic equivalent, and a subsequent phonogram that denotes the word's final syllable or coda consonant


삼단논법

samdannonbeop (romanization)
三段論法 (hanja)
삼단 논법 (alternative)


형이상학

hyeong'isanghak (romanization)
形而上學 (hanja)

[çʌ̹ŋisʰa̠ŋɦa̠k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 形而上學, from 形而上 (“metaphysical”) + 學 (“-logy”).


사잇소리

사이 (sai, “interval”) + -ㅅ- (-s-, genitive morpheme) + 소리 (sori, “sound”)

compound

(phonology) an intervening phone in compound words

(phonology) specifically, a Korean morpheme (historically /-s-/, now usually surfacing as a tensing or gemination of the subsequent consonant) which was once a genitive marker and is still used to form compound words


발음법

[pa̠ɾɯmp͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 發音 (“pronunciation”) + 法 (“rule”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

ko-etym-sino

표준 발음법


불청불탁

bulcheongbultak (romanization)
不淸不濁 (hanja)

[puʎt͡ɕʰʌ̹ŋbuɭtʰa̠k̚]

(phonetics) a word that refers to the common phonetic characteristics of the initial consonant system in Hunminjeongum: ㆁ (ㆁ, “ng”), ㄴ (n, “n”), ㅁ (m, “m”), ㅇ (', “ng”), ㄹ (l, “r”) and ㅿ (ㅿ, “z”) which corresponds to 疑母, 泥母, 孃母, 明母, 微母 and 喩母 in Chinese phonology.


청탁

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ŋtʰa̠k̚]

(phonetics) a voiceless sound and a voiced sound


연탁

Sino-Korean word from 連濁, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 連濁(れんだく) (rendaku, “rendaku”).

(linguistics) rendaku (voicing in Japanese compound words)


토이기어

Sino-Korean word from 土耳其語, from 土耳其 (“Turkey”) + 語 (“language”).

고대토이기어와의비교

1987, 이숭녕 [isungnyeong], “ko:나의 학문편력<12> 이숭녕 박사<전 서울대교수>”, in Maeil Business Newspaper:


거성불연삼

ko-noun

거성불연삼 • (geoseongburyeonsam) (hanja 去聲不連三)

geoseongburyeonsam (romanization)
去聲不連三 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 去聲 (“high pitch”) + 不 (“not”) + 連 (“continue”) + 三 (“thrice”), coined by Korean linguist Kim Wan-jin, who also coined 훈주음종 (訓主音從, hunjueumjong) and other important words in Korean historical linguistics.

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) a Middle Korean tone sandhi process by which the penultimate syllable in an underlying sequence of three or more high-pitch syllables lowers to low pitch


여여하다

ko-adj

여여하다 • (yeoyeohada) (infinitive 여여해 or 여여하여, sequential 여여하니)

yeoyeohada (romanization)
여여해 (infinitive)
여여하여 (infinitive)
여여하니 (sequential)
여여하다 (formal indicative non-past)
여여해 (indicative informal non-past)
여여해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
여여합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
여여했다 (formal indicative past)
여여했어 (indicative informal past)
여여했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
여여했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
여여하냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
여여해 (informal interrogative non-past)
여여해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
여여합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
여여했냐 (formal interrogative past)
여여했어 (informal interrogative past)
여여했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
여여했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
여여하겠다 (assertive formal)
여여하겠어 (assertive informal)
여여하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
여여하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
여여해 (causative formal)
여여해서 (causative informal)
여여하여서 (causative informal)
여여하니 (causative informal polite)
여여하니까 (causative formal polite)
여여하지만 (contrastive formal)
여여한데 (contrastive informal)
여여하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
여여하고 (conjunctive formal)
여여하면 (conditional formal)
여여해야 (conditional informal)
여여하여야 (conditional informal)
여여함 (formal noun-from-verb)
여여하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
여여했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
여여하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
여여했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
여여하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
여여한 (determiner informal present)
여여할 (determiner future informal)
여여하시다 (indicative non-past)
여여하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
여여하세요 (indicative non-past polite)
여여하셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
여여하십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
여여하셨다 (indicative past)
여여하셨어 (indicative informal past)
여여하셨어요 (indicative past polite)
여여하셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
여여하시냐 (interrogative non-past)
여여하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
여여하세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
여여하셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
여여하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
여여하셨냐 (interrogative past)
여여하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
여여하셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
여여하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
여여하시겠다 (assertive)
여여하시겠어 (assertive informal)
여여하시겠어요 (assertive polite)
여여하시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
여여하셔 (causative)
여여하셔서 (causative informal)
여여하시니 (causative polite)
여여하시니까 (causative formal)
여여하시지만 (contrastive)
여여하신데 (contrastive informal)
여여하시더니 (contrastive polite)
여여하시고 (conjunctive)
여여하시면 (conditional)
여여하셔야 (conditional informal)
여여하심 (noun-from-verb)
여여하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
여여하셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
여여하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
여여하신 (determiner informal present)
여여하실 (determiner future informal)

[jʌ̹jʌ̹ɦa̠da̠]

여여(如如) (yeoyeo) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

af

'참나'는 본래 청정하고 맑아서 그대로 여여하니, 더럽다 깨끗하다 할 것도 없고 선하다 악하다 할 것도 없습니다.

2014, 대행큰스님 [daehaengkeunseunim], 내 마음속의 보배: 삶의 한가운데서 만나는 지혜 [nae ma'eumsogui bobae: salmui han'gaundeseo mannaneun jihye, The treasure in my heart: Wisdom encountered in the midst of life], Hanmaum Publications:

The self is by nature pure and clean and in a state of suchness by itself; there is nothing in it to say it is filthy or clean, nothing in it to say it is good or evil.

(Buddhism, philosophy) to be in a state of suchness, to be in a state of thusness (existence as it is)


여여

(Buddhism, philosophy) Synonym of 진여(眞如) (“suchness, thusness”)


구석기 시대

Guseokgi sidae (romanization)
舊石器時代 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 舊石器 (“Paleolithic”) + 時代 (“historical age or period”).

ko-etym-sino

(archaeology) Stone Age, Paleolithic period


사유

Sino-Korean word from 思惟, from 思 (“thought”) + 惟 (“contemplation”).

원시적·신화적 사유(思惟)에서는 물론이고 세계의 고등종교들에서도 보이는 보편적 현상이다.

2019, “‘個(개)人(인)’의 발견과 홉스 [Thomas Hobbes and the discovery of the "individual"]”, in Monthly Chosun:

It is a universal phenomenon observed in ancient and mythological thought and in the developed religions of the world.

Wonsijeok·sinhwajeok sayueseo-neun mullon-igo segye-ui godeungjonggyo-deur-eseo-do boineun bopyeonjeok hyeonsang-ida.


인다라망

indaramang (romanization)
因陀羅網 (hanja)
인타라망(因陀羅網) (alternative)
인타라주망(因陀羅珠網) (alternative)
인드라망 (alternative)

Sino-Korean word from 因陀羅 (“Indra”) + 網 (“net”), ultimately from Sanskrit इन्द्रजाल (indrajāla, “Indra's net”). The re-Sanskritized pronunciation 인드라망 (Indeuramang) has recently become more common over the traditional Sino-Korean-based reading.

der

(Buddhism, philosophy) Indra's net (a metaphor of an infinite net full of jewels where one jewel reflects an infinite number of other jewels, used to illustrate points of Buddhist philosophy)


말나식

[ma̠ɭɭa̠ɕʰik̚]

Sino-Korean word from 末那識, from 末那 (“phonetic representation of Sanskrit”) + 識 (“consciousness”), ultimately from Sanskrit मानसविज्ञान (mānasavijñāna).

ko-etym-sino

(Buddhism, philosophy) manas-vijnana: the seventh of the Eight Consciousnesses, characterized by incessant mental activity in the mind, creating the illusion of the ego

안식

전5식(前五識) (jeonosik, “sense consciousnesses”)


아뢰야식

[a̠ɾø̞ja̠ɕʰik̚]

Sino-Korean word from 阿賴耶識, from 阿賴耶 (“phonetic representation of Sanskrit”) + 識 (“consciousness”), ultimately from Sanskrit आलयविज्ञान (ālayavijñāna).

storehouse consciousness
storehouse consciousness

(Buddhism, philosophy) storehouse consciousness or ālayavijñāna, the last of the Eight Consciousnesses, the ultimate source of mind and existence


실존주의

[ɕʰiʎt͡ɕ͈o̞ɲd͡ʑuɰi]

[ɕʰiʎt͡ɕ͈o̞ɲd͡ʑui]


결정론

gyeoljeongnon (romanization)
決定論 (hanja)

[kjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ŋno̞n]


숙명론

sungmyeongnon (romanization)
宿命論 (hanja)


초인

(philosophy) superman; übermensch; overman


동음이의어

dong'eumiuieo (romanization)
同音異義語 (hanja)


아집

Sino-Korean word from 我執, from 我 (“me; ego”) + 執 (“grab; obsess”).

(Buddhism, philosophy) the belief that the ego exists, in opposition to the Buddhist concept of anattā or non-self


육덕

Sino-Korean word from 六德, from 六 (“six”) + 德 (“virtue”).

(historical, philosophy) the six human virtues of the Zhou dynasty, later recognized throughout East Asia: 지 (知, ji, “knowledge”), 인 (仁, in, “benevolence”), 성 (聖, seong, “sagacity”), 의 (義, ui, “righteousness”), 충 (忠, chung, “loyalty”), and 화 (和, hwa, “harmony”)


옛이응

From 옛 (yet, “old”) + 이응 (ieung, “ieung”).

(phonology) the obsolete Korean consonant ㆁ (ng)


옥황상제

Okhwangsangje (romanization)
玉皇上帝 (hanja)

[o̞kʰwa̠ŋsʰa̠ŋd͡ʑe̞]

(Chinese mythology, folklore) Jade Emperor


악센트

(linguistics) accent (stronger articulation)


아래아

From 아래 (arae, “below, under”) + 아 (a), referring to its position at the very bottom of syllable charts, which were ordered 가갸거겨 […] 기ᄀᆞ.

lang

가갸거겨 […] 기ᄀᆞ

가갸거겨 […] 기ᄀᆞ

(phonology) the Korean vowel ㆍ, found in modern Jeju but otherwise obsolete


헥토르

(Greek mythology) Hector, the Trojan prince and hero in Homer's Iliad


절제

Sino-Korean word from 節制 (“moderation”).

[t͡ɕʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈e̞]


이름씨

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 명사(名詞) (myeongsa, “noun”)


확증편향

ko-noun

확증편향 • (hwakjeungpyeonhyang) (hanja 確證偏向)

hwakjeungpyeonhyang (romanization)
確證偏向 (hanja)

[ɸwa̠k̚t͡ɕ͈ɯŋpʰjʌ̹nʝa̠ŋ]


경험론

gyeongheomnon (romanization)
經驗論 (hanja)


절정

[t͡ɕʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ŋ]


신경언어학

신경언어학 • (sin'gyeong'eoneohak) (hanja 神經言語學)

sin'gyeong'eoneohak (romanization)
神經言語學 (hanja)

[ɕʰinɡjʌ̹ŋʌ̹nʌ̹ɦa̠k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 神經 (“neuro-”) + 言語學 (“linguistics”).


인도유럽어족

인도(印度) (Indo, “India”) + 유럽 (Yureop, “Europe”) + 어족(語族) (eojok, “language family”).


사성음

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 四聲 (“four tones”) + 音 (“sound”).

ko-etym-sino

鳥(조)의 사성음 'niǎo'는 속음에서 기원한다.

joui saseong'eum niǎo neun sogeumeseo giwonhanda.

The Mandarin reading niǎo of [the character] 鳥 /鸟 originates in a vernacular reading.

(lexicography) Standard Mandarin reading of a character


서왕모

(Chinese religion, Chinese mythology) Queen Mother of the West (goddess)


장자

[ˈt͡ɕa̠(ː)ŋd͡ʑa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 長者 (“elder; senior”).

(folklore) a rich and avaricious man, an archetype in Korean folktales


물자체

[muʎd͡ʑa̠t͡ɕʰe̞]


이중모음

한국어의 모음은 단모음 10개, 이중모음 11개 총 21개입니다.

Han'gugeo-ui mo'eumeun danmo'eum 10gae, ijungmo'eum 11gae chong 21gaeimnida.

There are 21 vowels in Korean, 10 short and 11 diphthongs.


상위어

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)ŋɥiʌ̹]

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)ŋyʌ̹]


마고

(Chinese mythology) Magu, an immortal woman


염라

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology, Korean mythology) [~왕(王), 대왕(大王)] Yama (god of the underworld)


부음

(phonetics) Synonym of 자음(子音) (ja'eum, “consonant”)


백서

Sino-Korean word from 帛書 (“silk manuscript”)

(historical or historiography) silk document; text written on silk


감수

(psychology) sensation; sensory reception

(Buddhism, philosophy) vedanā (sensation in Buddhist thought)


가철

[ˈka̠(ː)t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭ]


대표훈

Sino-Korean word from 代表訓, from 代表 (“representative”) + 訓 (“reading”).

(Chinese linguistics) a 훈 (訓, hun, “native meaning”) of a Chinese character by which the character is conventionally identified, e.g. in speech or in dictionaries (especially in reference to polysemous characters)


토기

Sino-Korean word from 土器 (“earthenware”).

토기의 발명은 인류 역사에 지대한 영향을 미쳤다.

Togi-ui balmyeong-eun illyu yeoksa-e jidae-han yeonghyang-eul micheotda.

The invention of pottery had a great impact on human history.

(especially archaeology) earthenware; earthen pottery


낙수

Sino-Korean word from 樂 (“pleasure”) + 受 (“sensation”).

(Buddhism, philosophy) the physically pleasurable (sukhā) type of sensation (vedanā)


심인성

Sino-Korean word from 心 (“heart; mind”) + 因 (“cause”) + 性 (“-ity, -ness”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

심인성 기억상실

심인성 질환

아내의 문제는 무엇일까. 어떤 괴로움이 심인성(心因性)의 장애까지 불러일으킨 것인지 나는 이해할 수 없었다.

1997, Han Kang, “내 여자의 열매 [nae yeojaui yeolmae, The Fruit of My Woman]”, in Changjak-gwa bipyeong, volume 25, number 1, page 189:

I wondered what my wife's issue was. I could not understand what kind of anguish of hers could go so far as to bring about a psychogenic disorder.


받침법

(linguistics, North Korea) rules for using batchim


문맥

Sino-Korean word from 文脈, from 文 (“writing”) + 脈 (“vein”).


인칭대명사

ko-noun

인칭대명사 • (inchingdaemyeongsa) (hanja 人稱代名詞)

inchingdaemyeongsa (romanization)
人稱代名詞 (hanja)

[iɲt͡ɕʰiŋdɛmjʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]

[iɲt͡ɕʰiŋde̞mjʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]


구개음화

Sino-Korean word from 口蓋音化, from 口蓋音 (“palatal sound”) + 化 (“-ize”).

ko-etym-sino

한자 的의 한국어 독음은 구개음화로 인해 ‘뎍’에서 ‘적’으로 변했다.

The Korean reading for the hanja 的 changed from dyeok to jeok due to palatalization.


어의

(linguistics) sense, meaning of words; semantics


번역차용

beonyeokchayong (romanization)
翻譯借用 (hanja)

[pʌ̹ɲʌ̹k̚t͡ɕʰa̠joŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 翻譯 (“translation”) + 借用 (“borrowing, loan”).

(linguistics, translation studies) calque


움직씨

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 동사(動詞) (dongsa, “verb”)


어찌씨

[ʌ̹t͡ɕ͈iɕ͈i]

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 부사(副詞) (busa, “adverb”)


갈음이름씨

From 갈음하다 (gareumhada) + 이름씨 (ireumssi).

대명사(代名詞) 대명사#Korean

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 대명사(代名詞) (daemyeongsa, “pronoun”)


사람갈음이름씨

[sʰa̠ɾa̠mɡa̠ɾɯmiɾɯmɕ͈i]

From 사람 (saram) + 갈음이름씨 (gareumireumssi).

인칭대명사(人稱代名詞) 인칭대명사#Korean

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 인칭대명사(人稱代名詞) (inchingdaemyeongsa, “personal pronoun”)


걸림갈음이름씨

[kʌ̹ʎʎimɡa̠ɾɯmiɾɯmɕ͈i]

From 걸림 (geollim) + 갈음이름씨 (gareumireumssi).

관계대명사(關係代名詞) 관계대명사#Korean

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 관계대명사(關係代名詞) (gwan'gyedaemyeongsa, “relative pronoun”)


찍개

[t͡ɕ͈ik̚k͈ɛ]

찍다 (jjikda, “to chop; to take [a photo]”) + -개 (-gae, agent noun-deriving suffix). In the archaeological sense, a calque of English chopper.


입음움직씨

피동사(被動詞) 피동사#Korean

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 피동사(被動詞) (pidongsa, “passive verb”)


제힘움직씨

능동사(能動詞) 능동사#Korean

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 능동사(能動詞) (neungdongsa, “active verb”)


하임움직씨

사역동사(使役動詞) 사역동사#Korean

(nativising coinage, grammar) Synonym of 사역동사(使役動詞) (sayeokdongsa, “causative verb”)


직설법

[ˈt͡ɕi(ː)ks͈ʌ̹ɭp͈ʌ̹p̚]


토큰

(computing, card games, board games, philosophy, grammar) token


연인

Sino-Korean word from 戀人 (“lover, sweetheart”).


ㄷ 구개음화

From ㄷ (d, an alveolar consonant) + 구개음화 (gugaeeumhwa, “palatalization”).

compound

(phonology) palatalization of alveolar consonants to alveolopalatal consonants (e.g. 둏다 (dyota) → 좋다 (jota))


ㄱ 구개음화

From ㄱ (g, a velar consonant) + 구개음화 (gugaeeumhwa, “palatalization”).

한국어와 중국어에서 ㄱ 구개음화만 일어나지 않았어도 김치의 중국어 명칭에 대해 고민하지 않아도 됐을 것이다.

Han'gugeo-wa junggugeo-eseo giyeok gugaeeumhwa-man ireonaji anasseodo gimchi-ui junggugeo myeongching-e daehae gominhaji anado dwaesseul geos-ida.

If velar-to-alveolopalatal palatalization did not occur in Korean and Chinese, (people) would not have to think about a Chinese term for kimchi.

(phonology) palatalization of velar consonants to alveolopalatal consonants (e.g. 기름 (gireum) → 지름 (jireum))


모아쓰기

모으— (mo'eu-) + —아 (-a) + 쓰— (sseu-) + —기 (-gi).

모아쓰기는 과연 한국어를 적기에 적합한 방식인가? 한글의 모아쓰기로 인해 한국어 화자들은 두 모음 사이의 자음을 앞 글자의 종성으로 써야 하는지 뒤 글자의 초성으로 써야 하는지 고민하게 됐고, 한글 맞춤법 제정/개정 시 ㄴ 첨가나 사이시옷이나 ㅎ 말음 체언의 잔재 등의 문제로 골머리를 썩이게 됐다고 할 수 있다.

Moasseugi-neun gwayeon han'gugeo-reul jeokgi-e jeokhaphan bangsig-in'ga? han'geur-ui moasseugi-ro inhae han'gugeo hwaja-deur-eun du mo'eum sai-ui ja'eum-eul ap geulja-ui jongseong-euro sseoya haneunji dwi geulja-ui choseong-euro sseoya haneunji gominhage dwaetgo, han'geul matchumbeop jejeong/gaejeong si nieun cheomga-na saisios-ina hieut mareum cheeon-ui janjae deung-ui munje-ro golmeori-reul sseogige dwaetdago hal su itda.

Is a syllabary-like feature really a suitable way of writing Korean? Because of the syllabary-like feature of hangul, Korean speakers have to carefully think whether a consonant between two vowels should be written as a final consonant of the preceding syllable or as an initial consonant of the following syllable, and things like n-insertion, middle s and remnants of h-final nouns/pronouns/numerals are headaches when establishing or revising the hangul orthography.

(linguistics) joining consonants and vowels to form a syllabic block in writing


영성모

[jʌ̹ŋsʰʌ̹ŋmo̞]

zh-l

零聲母／零声母 (língshēngmǔ)

(linguistics) zero initial of a syllable (in Chinese-language context)


표기법

Sino-Korean word from 표기(表記) (pyogi, “spelling”) + 법(法) (beop, “method”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


정서법

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋsʰʌ̹p͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 正書法, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


겹받침

From 겹 (gyeop, “fold; layer”) + 받침 (batchim, final consonant(s) of a hangul syllabic block).

com

(linguistics) a heterogeneous consonant diagraph used in the final position of a hangul syllabic block (e.g. ㄶ (nh) in 않다 (anta))


쌍받침

From 쌍(雙) (ssang, “double”) + 받침 (batchim, final consonant(s) of a hangul syllabic block).

(linguistics) a homogeneous consonant diagraph used in the final position of a hangul syllabic block (e.g. ㅆ (ss) in 있다 (itda))


이성주의

[ˈi(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋd͡ʑuɰi]


변한말

Univerbation of 변(變)한 (byeonhan) + 말 (mal).

univ

(linguistics) word that has undergone significant sound change


말뭉치

Of native Korean origin. From 말 (mal, “word”) + 뭉치 (mungchi, “bundle, package, bunch”).

com

말뭉치 언어학


프레임

(animation, computing, psychology) frame


신령

(folklore, mythology) divine bell, a bell that rings when a god descends during a 굿


구어체

[ˈku(ː)ʌ̹t͡ɕʰe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 口語 (“colloquial language”) + 體 (“form”).

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) colloquial style, colloquialism, conversational form of language


대격

Sino-Korean word from 對格, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


방어기제

[pa̠ŋʌ̹ɡid͡ʑe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 방어(防禦) (bang'eo, “defense”) + 기제(機制) (gije, “mechanism”).


생산성

saengsanseong (romanization)
生産性 (hanja)

[sʰɛŋsʰa̠ns͈ʌ̹ŋ]

[sʰe̞ŋsʰa̠ns͈ʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 生産 + 性, with compound/genitive tensing applied.


논리적

[no̞ʎʎid͡ʑʌ̹k̚]


영파생

[jʌ̹ŋpʰa̠sʰɛŋ]

[jʌ̹ŋpʰa̠sʰe̞ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 영(零) (yeong, “zero”) + 파생(派生) (pasaeng, “derivation”).


목적격조사

ko-noun

목적격조사 • (mokjeokgyeokjosa) (hanja 目的格助詞)

mokjeokgyeokjosa (romanization)
目的格助詞 (hanja)

[mo̞k̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹k̚k͈jʌ̹k̚ t͡ɕo̞(ː)sʰa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 목적격(目的格) (mokjeokgyeok) + 조사(助詞) (josa).


자립명사

jarimmyeongsa (romanization)
自立名詞 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 自立 (“independent”) + 名詞 (“noun”).


하소서체

[ha̠sʰo̞sʰʌ̹t͡ɕʰe̞]

From 하소서 (hasoseo, very formal and very polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”).

compound

very formal and very polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">하다</i> (hada, “to do”)

(grammar) The very formal, very polite speech level in Korean.


끝말

Of native Korean origin. From 끝 (kkeut, “end”) + 말 (mal, “word”).


선어말 어미

seoneomal eomi (romanization)
先語末語尾 (hanja)

[sʰʌ̹nʌ̹ma̠ɭ ʌ̹mi]

(linguistics) an ending that cannot end a word; has to be preceded by another ending (e.g. -었- (-eot-))


메데이아

From English Medea, ultimately from Ancient Greek Μήδεια (Mḗdeia).


여교황

Sino-Korean word from 女 (“woman”) + 敎皇 (“pope”). See also Japanese 女教皇.


운명의 바퀴

From 운명(運命) (unmyeong, “destiny”) + -의 (-ui, “genitive case marker”) + 바퀴 (bakwi, “wheel”).


매달린 사람

Of native Korean origin. From 매달린 (maedallin, “past determiner of 매달리다 (maedallida, “to be hanged”)”) + 사람 (saram, “person”).


연음화

Sino-Korean word from 軟音化, from 軟音 (“lenis”) + 化 (“turn into”).


아마테라스

Borrowed from Japanese 天照 (Amaterasu, “Amaterasu”).


아마테라스 오미카미

Borrowed from Japanese 天照大御神 (Amaterasu Ōmikami, “Amaterasu-ōmikami”).


태양여신

taeyang'yeosin (romanization)
太陽女神 (hanja)

[tʰɛja̠ŋjʌ̹ɕʰin]

Sino-Korean word from 태양(太陽) (taeyang, “sun, solar”) + 여신(女神) (yeosin, “female deity, goddess”).

ko-etym-sino

(mythology) sun goddess, female solar deity


태양신

Sino-Korean word from 태양(太陽) (taeyang, “sun”) + 신(神) (sin, “deity”).

(mythology) sungod (a god of the sun; solar deity)


태양숭배

taeyangsungbae (romanization)
太陽崇拜 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 태양(太陽) (taeyang, “sun”) + 숭배(崇拜) (sungbae, “worship”).


문형

Sino-Korean word from 文型, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 文型 (bunkei).

obor

기본 문형

영어 문형의 반복 연습


대한

Sino-Korean word from 大 (“big”) + 汗 (“sweat”).

ko-etym-sino

칭기즈 칸은 천이백륙 년에 몽골 제국의 지도자로서 대한 칭호를 받았다.

Chinggijeu kaneun cheonibaengnyuk nyeone monggol jegugui jidojaroseo daehan chinghoreul badatda.

Genghis Khan received the title Great Khan in 1206 as the leader of the Mongol Empire.

(history) great khan (the emperor of the Mongol people)


대한

Sino-Korean word from 大 (“big”) + 韓 (“Han”).

대한은 천팔백구십칠 년에 고종에 의해 정해진 우리나라의 국호이다.

Daehaneun cheonpalbaekgusipchil nyeone gojong'e uihae jeonghaejin urinaraui gukhoida.

Daehan is the national title of our country, designated in 1897 by King Gojong.

(history) Korea (the official state name designated in 1897 during the reign of King Gojong of Joseon)


공창

Sino-Korean word from 空 (“empty, hollow, void”) + 唱 (“sing, call out, advocate”).

[ko̞ŋt͡ɕʰa̠ŋ]

(folklore) a whistling sound made by the ghost of a dead child


불뱀

Of native Korean origin. From 불 (bul, “fire”) + 뱀 (baem, “snake”).

(folklore) firesnake, fire serpent, fiery snake


명사구

Sino-Korean word from 명사(名詞) (myeongsa) + 구(句) (gu).


종속절

[t͡ɕo̞ŋsʰo̞k̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ɭ]

Sino-Korean word from 종속(從屬) (jongsok) + 절(節) (jeol).


천기

Sino-Korean word from 天 (“heaven, sky”) + 紀 (“record”).

(history) the eighth era (277-280) during the Sunho period of the Wu dynasty during the Three Kingdoms Period in China, the last era of the Wu state


보충법

[ˈpo̞(ː)t͡ɕʰuŋp͈ʌ̹p̚]

보충(補充) (bochung, “supplement”) + -법(法) (-beop, “way, method”)


원어

Sino-Korean word from 原語 (“source language”).

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics, computing, translation studies) source language


백일천하

baegilcheonha (romanization)
百日天下 (hanja)

[pɛɡiʎt͡ɕʰʌ̹nɦa̠]

[pe̞ɡiʎt͡ɕʰʌ̹nɦa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 백일(百日) (baegil, “one hundred days”) + 천하(天下) (cheonha, “the whole world; the earth”).


고초

Sino-Korean word from 古 (“old, past”) + 初 (“beginning, start”).

(mythology) ancient times; the beginning of the creation of heaven and earth


ㄴ 첨가

(phonology) addition of the /n/ sound before /i/ or /j/ (e.g. 색연필 (pronounced 생년필 (saengnyeonpil)), 물엿 (pronounced 물녇 → 물렫 (mullyeot)), etc.)


페어리

(mythology) fairy (a mythical being, especially in European myths or fairy-tales)


과거완료

gwageowallyo (romanization)
過去完了 (hanja)


칠성

[t͡ɕʰiɭsʰʌ̹ŋ]

(mythology) A deity, the personification of the seven stars of the Big Dipper.


고립어

Sino-Korean word from 孤立語, from 孤立 (“isolated”) + 語 (“language”)


분석어

[punsʰʌ̹ɡʌ̹]

Sino-Korean word from 分析語, from 分析 (“analysis”) + 語 (“language”)


교착어

[kjot͡ɕʰa̠ɡʌ̹]

Sino-Korean word from 膠着語, from 膠着 (“agglutination”) + 語 (“language”)


수량형용사

ko-noun

수량형용사 • (suryanghyeong'yongsa) (hanja 數量形容詞)

suryanghyeong'yongsa (romanization)
數量形容詞 (hanja)

[sʰuɾja̠ŋʝʌ̹ŋjoŋsʰa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 數量 (“quantity”) and Sino-Korean word from 形容詞 (“adjective”)


제일인칭

[t͡ɕe̞iɾiɲt͡ɕʰiŋ]


보조동사

Sino-Korean word from 補助動詞, from 補助 (“auxiliary”) + 動詞 (“verb”).

ko-etym-Sino

(grammar) auxiliary verb (verb that broaden or limit the meaning by helping the main verb, which is the subject of the predicate in a sentence)


전성관형사

ko-noun

전성관형사 • (jeonseonggwanhyeongsa) (hanja 轉成冠形詞)

jeonseonggwanhyeongsa (romanization)
轉成冠形詞 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʌ̹nsʰʌ̹ŋɡwa̠nʝʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]


산신령

[sʰa̠nɕʰiʎʎʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 산신(山神) (sansin) + 령(靈) (ryeong).

ko-etym-sino

(mythology) the spirit of the Mountain God


정재

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋd͡ʑɛ]

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋd͡ʑe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 定在, from 定 (“fixed; certain”) + 在 (“exist”).

ko-sino

(philosophy) concrete and individual existence, as opposed to essential existence


현학

Sino-Korean word from 玄學, from 玄 (“profound, mysterious”) + 學 (“learning, -ology”).


한문투

hanmuntu (romanization)
漢文套 (hanja)
한문(漢文) 투(套) (alternative)

Compound of 한문(漢文) (hanmun, “classical Chinese article”) + 투(套) (tu, “pattern, manner”).

com+

(linguistics) syntax used in Classical Chinese rather than native Korean


형용동사

hyeong'yongdongsa (romanization)
形容動詞 (hanja)

[çʌ̹ŋjoŋdo̞ŋsʰa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 形容動詞, Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 形容動詞(けいようどうし) (keiyōdōshi).

ja-r

形容動詞(けいようどうし) (keiyōdōshi)

(grammar) adjectival noun (in Japanese grammar)


유심

Sino-Korean word from 唯心, from 唯 (“only”) + 心 (“mind”)


역행동화

yeokhaengdonghwa (romanization)
逆行同化 (hanja)

[jʌ̹kʰɛŋdo̞ŋβwa̠]

[jʌ̹kʰe̞ŋdo̞ŋβwa̠]

regressive assimilation
regressive assimilation


비격식체

bigyeoksikche (romanization)
非格式體 (hanja)

[piɡjʌ̹kɕ͈ik̚t͡ɕʰe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 非格式體, from 非 (“non-”) + 格式 (“formality”) + 體 (“style”).

ko-etym-Sino

(grammar) the Korean informal speech level, including 해체 (haeche, for non-polite usage) and 해요체 (haeyoche, for polite usage)


탈격

[tʰa̠ɭɡjʌ̹k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 奪格, from 奪 (“to take away”) + 格 (“case”)


여격

Sino-Korean word from 與格, from 與 (“to give”) + 格 (“case”)


날개옷

[na̠ɭɡɛo̞t̚]

선녀의 날개옷

(mythology) (an imaginary) robe of feathers (worn by fairies), wings (of a fairy)


첫소리법칙

ko-noun

첫소리법칙 • (cheotsoribeopchik) (hanja 첫소리法則)

cheotsoribeopchik (romanization)
첫소리法則 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ss͈o̞ɾibʌ̹p̚t͡ɕʰik̚]

(linguistics, North Korea) the "initial law" (a phonetical rule which sometimes also applies to North Korean, but mainly to South Korean)


재귀동사

jaegwidongsa (romanization)
再歸動詞 (hanja)

[ˈt͡ɕɛ(ː)ɡɥido̞(ː)ŋsʰa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 재귀(再歸) (jaegwi) + 동사(動詞) (dongsa).


재귀대명사

ko-noun

재귀대명사 • (jaegwidaemyeongsa) (hanja 再歸代名詞)

jaegwidaemyeongsa (romanization)
再歸代名詞 (hanja)

[ˈt͡ɕɛ(ː)ɡɥidɛ(ː)mjʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]

[ˈt͡ɕɛ(ː)ɡydɛ(ː)mjʌ̹ŋsʰa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 재귀(再歸) (jaegwi) + 대명사(代名詞) (daemyeongsa).


지역어

[t͡ɕijʌ̹ɡʌ̹]

Sino-Korean word from 地域 (“area”) + 語 (“language”).

지역어는 국어사 연구에 있어 굉장히 중요한 자료입니다.

jiyeogeo-neun gugeosa yeon'gu-e iss-eo goengjanghi jung'yohan jaryoimnida.

Dialects are a very important resource in studying the history of the Korean language.


국어사

Sino-Korean word from 國語 (“national language; Korean”) + 史 (“history”).

국어사는 아직 탐구할 영역이 많이 남은 학문이다.

Gugeosa-neun ajik tamguhal yeong'yeog-i mani nam-eun hangmun-ida.

The history of the Korean language is an academic field with much still left to study.

(linguistics) history of the Korean language


인두음

Sino-Korean word from 咽頭音, from 咽頭 (“pharynx”) + 音 (“sound”).


목안소리

Compound of 목안 (mogan, “pharynx”) + 소리 (sori, “sound”).

com+

인두음(咽頭音) 인두음#Korean

(North Korea, phonetics) Synonym of 인두음(咽頭音) (indueum, “pharyngeal”)


접근음

[t͡ɕʌ̹p̚k͈ɯnɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 接近音, from 接近 (“approach”) + 音 (“sound”).


비음

Sino-Korean word from 鼻音, from 鼻 (“nose”) + 音 (“sound”).


파열음

[ˈpʰa̠(ː)jʌ̹ɾɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 破裂音, from 破裂 (“burst”) + 音 (“sound”).


파찰음

[ˈpʰa̠(ː)t͡ɕʰa̠ɾɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 破擦音, from 破 (“break”) + 擦 (“rub”) + 音 (“sound”).
Compare 파열음(破裂音) (payeoreum, “plosive”) and 마찰음(摩擦音) (machareum, “fricative”).


마찰음

[ma̠t͡ɕʰa̠ɾɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 摩擦音, from 摩擦 (“friction”) + 音 (“sound”).


탄음

Sino-Korean word from 彈音, from 彈 (“flick”) + 音 (“sound”).


전동음

[t͡ɕʌ̹ndo̞ŋɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 顫動音, from 顫動 (“vibration”) + 音 (“sound”).


내파음

Sino-Korean word from 內 (“inside”) + 破 (“break”) + 音 (“sound”).


흡착음

[xɯp̚t͡ɕʰa̠ɡɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 吸着音, from 吸着 (“attachment”) + 音 (“sound”).


방출음

[ˈpa̠(ː)ŋt͡ɕʰuɾɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 放出音, from 放出 (“ejection”) + 音 (“sound”).


충격음

chunggyeogeum (romanization)
衝擊音 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰuŋɡjʌ̹ɡɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 衝擊 (“impact”) + 音 (“sound”).


양순음

Sino-Korean word from 兩 (“bi-”) + 脣 (“lip”) + 音 (“sound”).


순치음

Sino-Korean word from 脣齒音, from 脣 (“lip”) + 齒 (“teeth”) + 音 (“sound”).


설순음

Sino-Korean word from 舌脣音, from 舌 (“tongue”) + 脣 (“lip”) + 音 (“sound”).


치음

Sino-Korean word from 齒音, from 齒 (“teeth”) + 音 (“sound”).


치경음

chigyeong'eum (romanization)
齒莖音 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰiɡjʌ̹ŋɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 齒莖 (“alveolus”) + 音 (“sound”).


후치경음

huchigyeong'eum (romanization)
後齒莖音 (hanja)

[ˈɸʷu(ː)t͡ɕʰiɡjʌ̹ŋɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 後 (“back”) + 齒莖 (“alveolus”) + 音 (“sound”).


권설음

Sino-Korean word from 捲舌音, from 捲 (“curl”) + 舌 (“tongue”) + 音 (“sound”).


치경구개음

ko-noun

치경구개음 • (chigyeonggugaeeum) (hanja 齒莖口蓋音)

chigyeonggugaeeum (romanization)
齒莖口蓋音 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰiɡjʌ̹ŋɡuɡɛɯm]

[t͡ɕʰiɡjʌ̹ŋɡuɡe̞ɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 齒莖 (“alveolus”) + 口蓋 (“palate”) + 音 (“sound”).


경구개음

gyeonggugaeeum (romanization)
硬口蓋音 (hanja)

[kjʌ̹ŋɡuɡɛɯm]

[kjʌ̹ŋɡuɡe̞ɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 硬口蓋音, from 硬口蓋 (“hard palate”) + 音 (“sound”).


연구개음

yeon'gugaeeum (romanization)
軟口蓋音 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 軟口蓋音, from 軟口蓋 (“soft palate”) + 音 (“sound”).


구개수음

Sino-Korean word from 口蓋垂音, from 口蓋垂 (“uvula”) + 音 (“sound”).


후두개음

Sino-Korean word from 喉頭蓋 (“epiglottis”) + 音 (“sound”).


성문음

Sino-Korean word from 聲門 (“glottis”) + 音 (“sound”).


이중조음

Sino-Korean word from 二重 (“double”) + 調音 (“articulation”).

Coordinate term: 이차조음 (ichajo'eum, “secondary articulation”)


동시조음

dongsijo'eum (romanization)
同時調音 (hanja)

[to̞ŋɕʰid͡ʑo̞ɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 同時 (“simultaneity”) + 調音 (“articulation”).

Coordinate term: 이중조음 (ijungjo'eum, “double articulation”)

secondary articulation
secondary articulation


이차조음

[it͡ɕʰa̠d͡ʑo̞ɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 二次 (“secondary”) + 調音 (“articulation”).


설측음

[sʰʌ̹ʎt͡ɕʰɯɡɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 舌側 (“side of tongue”) + 音 (“sound”).


중설음

[t͡ɕuŋsʰʌ̹ɾɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 中 (“center”) + 舌 (“tongue”) + 音 (“sound”).


유성음

Sino-Korean word from 有聲 (“voiced”) + 音 (“sound”).


무성음

Sino-Korean word from 無聲 (“unvoiced”) + 音 (“sound”).


유기음

Sino-Korean word from 有氣 (“aspirated”) + 音 (“sound”).


무기음

Sino-Korean word from 無氣 (“unaspirated”) + 音 (“sound”).


모운

(phonetics) Synonym of 모음(母音) (mo'eum, “vowel”)


황도 십이궁

ko-proper noun

황도 십이궁 • (Hwangdo sibigung) (hanja 黃道十二宮)

Hwangdo sibigung (romanization)
黃道十二宮 (hanja)

(astrology) the twelve signs of the Zodiac


십이 성좌

Sibi seongjwa (romanization)
十二星座 (hanja)

[ɕʰibi sʰʌ̹ŋd͡ʑwa̠]


대월사기

[tɛwʌ̹ɭsʰa̠ɡi]


트랜스

[tʰɯɾe̞nsʰɯ]

(psychology) trance (state of low response to stimulus and diminished, narrow attention)


음가자

[ˈɯ(ː)mɡa̠d͡ʑa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 音 (“gloss”) + 假 (“borrow”) + 字 (“character”)

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) a phonetically-adapted phonogram; in East Asia, a Chinese character which is used as a phonogram to write non-Chinese morphemes in a non-Chinese language; it retains only the phonetic value of the original Chinese.


훈독자

Sino-Korean word from 訓讀字, from 訓 (“gloss”) + 讀 (“borrow”) + 字 (“character”)

(linguistics) a semantically-adapted logogram; in East Asia, a Chinese character which is used as a logogram to write non-Chinese morphemes in a non-Chinese language; it retains only the semantic value of the original Chinese.


음독자

Sino-Korean word from 音 (“gloss”) + 讀 (“borrow”) + 字 (“character”)

(linguistics) a semantically-adapted phonogram; in East Asia, a Chinese character used for all morphemes loaned from Classical Chinese and perceived as such; it retains both the semantic and phonetic values of the original Chinese.


불로초

[puɭɭo̞t͡ɕʰo̞]

From 불로(不老) (bullo, “eternal youth”) + 초(草) (cho, “grass”).

com

(folklore) elixir of immortality (a mythological herb said to grant eternal life)


외연

[ˈø̞(ː)jʌ̹n]

Coordinate term: 내포(內包) (naepo)

사업의 외연을 확장하다

to expand the scope of a company's activities

지식의 외연을 넓히다

(logic, philosophy) scope, coverage; the specific entities that a concept, activity, etc., covers


억양

문장 억양

서울말의 리듬과 억양 체계

The rhythm and intonation system of Seoul speech


판수

(folklore) A traditional professional fortune-teller.


타이탄

(Greek mythology) Titan (moon of Saturn)


수호전

[sʰuβo̞d͡ʑʌ̹n]


구당서

(history) Old Book of Tang (history of the Tang dynasty completed in A.D. 945)


신당서

[ɕʰinda̠ŋsʰʌ̹]

(history) New Book of Tang (history of the Tang dynasty completed in A.D. 1060)


한서

(history) Book of Han (history of the Western Han dynasty finished in 111)


후한서

[ɸʷuɦa̠nsʰʌ̹]

(history) Book of the Later Han (a book covering the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE)


51구역

Osibil-guyeok (romanization)
오십일구역 (hangeul)

(informal, military, aviation, espionage, ufology) Area 51


계급투쟁

gyegeuptujaeng (romanization)
階級鬪爭 (hanja)

[kje̞ɡɯp̚tʰud͡ʑɛŋ]

[ke̞ɡɯp̚tʰud͡ʑɛŋ]

[ke̞ɡɯp̚tʰud͡ʑe̞ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 階級鬪爭, from 階級 (“class”) + 鬪爭 (“struggle; fight”).


삼황오제

Sino-Korean word from 三皇五帝, from 三皇 (“Three Sovereigns”) + 五帝 (“Five Emperors”).

(Chinese mythology) the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors


이중타동

Sino-Korean word from 二重 (“double”) + 他動 (“transitive”).


음절말

[ɯmd͡ʑʌ̹ɭma̠ɭ]

From 음절(音節) (eumjeol, “syllable”) + 말(末) (mal, “end”).


활용형

hwaryonghyeong (romanization)
活用形 (hanja)

[ɸwa̠ɾjoŋʝʌ̹ŋ]


형천

[çʌ̹ŋt͡ɕʰʌ̹n]

(Chinese mythology) Xingtian, the deity who fights against the Supreme Divinity and does not give up even after being decapitated


불규칙 동사

ko-noun

불규칙 동사 • (bulgyuchik dongsa) (hanja 不規則動詞)

bulgyuchik dongsa (romanization)
不規則動詞 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 불규칙(不規則) (bulgyuchik) + 동사(動詞) (dongsa).


규칙 동사

gyuchik dongsa (romanization)
規則動詞 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 규칙(規則) (gyuchik) + 동사(動詞) (dongsa).


어군

슬라브 어군


관념론

Borrowed from Japanese 観(かん)念(ねん)論(ろん) (kannenron), ultimately a Sino-Korean word from 觀念 (“idea”) + 論 (“theory; -ology”).


이형태

[ˈi(ː)ʝʌ̹ŋtʰɛ]

[ˈi(ː)ʝʌ̹ŋtʰe̞]


용왕

(mythology) Dragon King (the god of water and weather)


아폴로

[a̠pʰo̞ɭɭo̞]


지남력

Sino-Korean word from 指南 (“compass, guidebook”) + 力 (“force, strength”). Compare Japanese 指南力.

(psychology) orientation, awareness of surroundings