깊다

ko-adj

깊다 • (gipda) (infinitive 깊어, sequential 깊으니)

gipda (romanization)
깊어 (infinitive)
깊으니 (sequential)
깊다 (formal indicative non-past)
깊어 (indicative informal non-past)
깊어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
깊습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
깊었다 (formal indicative past)
깊었어 (indicative informal past)
깊었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
깊었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
깊으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
깊어 (informal interrogative non-past)
깊어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
깊습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
깊었냐 (formal interrogative past)
깊었어 (informal interrogative past)
깊었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
깊었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
깊겠다 (assertive formal)
깊겠어 (assertive informal)
깊겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
깊겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
깊어 (causative formal)
깊어서 (causative informal)
깊으니 (causative informal polite)
깊으니까 (causative formal polite)
깊지만 (contrastive formal)
깊은데 (contrastive informal)
깊더니 (contrastive informal polite)
깊고 (conjunctive formal)
깊으면 (conditional formal)
깊어야 (conditional informal)
깊음 (formal noun-from-verb)
깊기 (informal noun-from-verb)
깊었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
깊었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
깊은 (determiner informal present)
깊을 (determiner future informal)
깊으시다 (indicative non-past)
깊으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
깊으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
깊으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
깊으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
깊으셨다 (indicative past)
깊으셨어 (indicative informal past)
깊으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
깊으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
깊으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
깊으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
깊으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
깊으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
깊으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
깊으셨냐 (interrogative past)
깊으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
깊으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
깊으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
깊으시겠다 (assertive)
깊으시겠어 (assertive informal)
깊으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
깊으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
깊으셔 (causative)
깊으셔서 (causative informal)
깊으시니 (causative polite)
깊으시니까 (causative formal)
깊으시지만 (contrastive)
깊으신데 (contrastive informal)
깊으시더니 (contrastive polite)
깊으시고 (conjunctive)
깊으시면 (conditional)
깊으셔야 (conditional informal)
깊으심 (noun-from-verb)
깊으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
깊으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
깊으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
깊으신 (determiner informal present)
깊으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested as Late Old Korean 及欣 in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103. First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 깊다〮 (Yale: kìphtá).

ko-etym-native

밤이 깊었습니다.

딮다

짚다 (jipda, “To hold (a stick to stand on the bottom)”)


짙다

ko-adj

짙다 • (jitda) (infinitive 짙어, sequential 짙으니)

jitda (romanization)
짙어 (infinitive)
짙으니 (sequential)
짙다 (formal indicative non-past)
짙어 (indicative informal non-past)
짙어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
짙습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
짙었다 (formal indicative past)
짙었어 (indicative informal past)
짙었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
짙었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
짙으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
짙어 (informal interrogative non-past)
짙어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
짙습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
짙었냐 (formal interrogative past)
짙었어 (informal interrogative past)
짙었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
짙었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
짙겠다 (assertive formal)
짙겠어 (assertive informal)
짙겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
짙겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
짙어 (causative formal)
짙어서 (causative informal)
짙으니 (causative informal polite)
짙으니까 (causative formal polite)
짙지만 (contrastive formal)
짙은데 (contrastive informal)
짙더니 (contrastive informal polite)
짙고 (conjunctive formal)
짙으면 (conditional formal)
짙어야 (conditional informal)
짙음 (formal noun-from-verb)
짙기 (informal noun-from-verb)
짙었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
짙었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
짙은 (determiner informal present)
짙을 (determiner future informal)
짙으시다 (indicative non-past)
짙으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
짙으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
짙으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
짙으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
짙으셨다 (indicative past)
짙으셨어 (indicative informal past)
짙으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
짙으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
짙으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
짙으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
짙으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
짙으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
짙으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
짙으셨냐 (interrogative past)
짙으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
짙으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
짙으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
짙으시겠다 (assertive)
짙으시겠어 (assertive informal)
짙으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
짙으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
짙으셔 (causative)
짙으셔서 (causative informal)
짙으시니 (causative polite)
짙으시니까 (causative formal)
짙으시지만 (contrastive)
짙으신데 (contrastive informal)
짙으시더니 (contrastive polite)
짙으시고 (conjunctive)
짙으시면 (conditional)
짙으셔야 (conditional informal)
짙으심 (noun-from-verb)
짙으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
짙으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
짙으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
짙으신 (determiner informal present)
짙으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 딭다 (Yale: tithta).


높다

ko-adj

높다 • (nopda) (infinitive 높아, sequential 높으니)

nopda (romanization)
높아 (infinitive)
높으니 (sequential)
높다 (formal indicative non-past)
높아 (indicative informal non-past)
높아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
높습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
높았다 (formal indicative past)
높았어 (indicative informal past)
높았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
높았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
높으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
높아 (informal interrogative non-past)
높아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
높습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
높았냐 (formal interrogative past)
높았어 (informal interrogative past)
높았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
높았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
높겠다 (assertive formal)
높겠어 (assertive informal)
높겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
높겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
높아 (causative formal)
높아서 (causative informal)
높으니 (causative informal polite)
높으니까 (causative formal polite)
높지만 (contrastive formal)
높은데 (contrastive informal)
높더니 (contrastive informal polite)
높고 (conjunctive formal)
높으면 (conditional formal)
높아야 (conditional informal)
높음 (formal noun-from-verb)
높기 (informal noun-from-verb)
높았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
높았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
높은 (determiner informal present)
높을 (determiner future informal)
높으시다 (indicative non-past)
높으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
높으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
높으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
높으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
높으셨다 (indicative past)
높으셨어 (indicative informal past)
높으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
높으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
높으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
높으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
높으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
높으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
높으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
높으셨냐 (interrogative past)
높으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
높으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
높으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
높으시겠다 (assertive)
높으시겠어 (assertive informal)
높으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
높으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
높으셔 (causative)
높으셔서 (causative informal)
높으시니 (causative polite)
높으시니까 (causative formal)
높으시지만 (contrastive)
높으신데 (contrastive informal)
높으시더니 (contrastive polite)
높으시고 (conjunctive)
높으시면 (conditional)
높으셔야 (conditional informal)
높으심 (noun-from-verb)
높으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
높으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
높으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
높으신 (determiner informal present)
높으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 높다〮 (Yale: nwòph-tá).
The twelfth-century Chinese wordlist Jilin leishi records the Late Old Korean word for "tall" as 那奔 (nɑ puənᴴ), which seems to be the realis gerund form of this word with the Old Korean 隱 (*-on) suffix.

ko-etym-native

높은 건물

높은 수압

높은 목소리

(literal and figurative) to be high, to be tall, to be lofty (of an object, a place, a quantified statistic, etc.)

높으신 분이 오신대.

They're saying someone high up is coming.

to be high up, to be high in social rank (of a person)

주상께서 키가 높으시니

(only in speech of the royal court) to be tall in height (of a person)


얕다

ko-adj

얕다 • (yatda) (infinitive 얕아, sequential 얕으니)

yatda (romanization)
얕아 (infinitive)
얕으니 (sequential)
얕다 (formal indicative non-past)
얕아 (indicative informal non-past)
얕아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
얕습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
얕았다 (formal indicative past)
얕았어 (indicative informal past)
얕았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
얕았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
얕으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
얕아 (informal interrogative non-past)
얕아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
얕습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
얕았냐 (formal interrogative past)
얕았어 (informal interrogative past)
얕았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
얕았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
얕겠다 (assertive formal)
얕겠어 (assertive informal)
얕겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
얕겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
얕아 (causative formal)
얕아서 (causative informal)
얕으니 (causative informal polite)
얕으니까 (causative formal polite)
얕지만 (contrastive formal)
얕은데 (contrastive informal)
얕더니 (contrastive informal polite)
얕고 (conjunctive formal)
얕으면 (conditional formal)
얕아야 (conditional informal)
얕음 (formal noun-from-verb)
얕기 (informal noun-from-verb)
얕았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
얕았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
얕은 (determiner informal present)
얕을 (determiner future informal)
얕으시다 (indicative non-past)
얕으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
얕으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
얕으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
얕으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
얕으셨다 (indicative past)
얕으셨어 (indicative informal past)
얕으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
얕으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
얕으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
얕으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
얕으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
얕으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
얕으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
얕으셨냐 (interrogative past)
얕으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
얕으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
얕으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
얕으시겠다 (assertive)
얕으시겠어 (assertive informal)
얕으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
얕으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
얕으셔 (causative)
얕으셔서 (causative informal)
얕으시니 (causative polite)
얕으시니까 (causative formal)
얕으시지만 (contrastive)
얕으신데 (contrastive informal)
얕으시더니 (contrastive polite)
얕으시고 (conjunctive)
얕으시면 (conditional)
얕으셔야 (conditional informal)
얕으심 (noun-from-verb)
얕으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
얕으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
얕으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
얕으신 (determiner informal present)
얕으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested as Late Old Korean 泥低 in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103. In the hangul script, first attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 녙다〮 (Yale: nyèth-tá).


부르다

ko-adj

부르다 • (bureuda) (infinitive 불러, sequential 부르니)

bureuda (romanization)
불러 (infinitive)
부르니 (sequential)
부르다 (formal indicative non-past)
불러 (indicative informal non-past)
불러요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
부릅니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
불렀다 (formal indicative past)
불렀어 (indicative informal past)
불렀어요 (indicative informal past polite)
불렀습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
부르냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
불러 (informal interrogative non-past)
불러요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
부릅니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
불렀냐 (formal interrogative past)
불렀어 (informal interrogative past)
불렀어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
불렀습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
부르겠다 (assertive formal)
부르겠어 (assertive informal)
부르겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
부르겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
불러 (causative formal)
불러서 (causative informal)
부르니 (causative informal polite)
부르니까 (causative formal polite)
부르지만 (contrastive formal)
부른데 (contrastive informal)
부르더니 (contrastive informal polite)
부르고 (conjunctive formal)
부르면 (conditional formal)
불러야 (conditional informal)
부름 (formal noun-from-verb)
부르기 (informal noun-from-verb)
불렀음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
불렀기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
부른 (determiner informal present)
부를 (determiner future informal)
부르시다 (indicative non-past)
부르셔 (indicative informal non-past)
부르세요 (indicative non-past polite)
부르셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
부르십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
부르셨다 (indicative past)
부르셨어 (indicative informal past)
부르셨어요 (indicative past polite)
부르셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
부르시냐 (interrogative non-past)
부르셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
부르세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
부르셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
부르십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
부르셨냐 (interrogative past)
부르셨어 (informal interrogative past)
부르셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
부르셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
부르시겠다 (assertive)
부르시겠어 (assertive informal)
부르시겠어요 (assertive polite)
부르시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
부르셔 (causative)
부르셔서 (causative informal)
부르시니 (causative polite)
부르시니까 (causative formal)
부르시지만 (contrastive)
부르신데 (contrastive informal)
부르시더니 (contrastive polite)
부르시고 (conjunctive)
부르시면 (conditional)
부르셔야 (conditional informal)
부르심 (noun-from-verb)
부르시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
부르셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
부르셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
부르신 (determiner informal present)
부르실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 브르다〮 (Yale: pùlù-tá).

ko-etym-native

(of the belly or stomach) to be full (from eating)

(of pottery, barrel, drum, etc.) to be bulging, to be swelling in the middle, to be pot-bellied


굳다

ko-adj

굳다 • (gutda) (infinitive 굳어, sequential 굳으니)

gutda (romanization)
굳어 (infinitive)
굳으니 (sequential)
굳다 (formal indicative non-past)
굳어 (indicative informal non-past)
굳어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
굳습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
굳었다 (formal indicative past)
굳었어 (indicative informal past)
굳었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
굳었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
굳으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
굳어 (informal interrogative non-past)
굳어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
굳습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
굳었냐 (formal interrogative past)
굳었어 (informal interrogative past)
굳었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
굳었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
굳겠다 (assertive formal)
굳겠어 (assertive informal)
굳겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
굳겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
굳어 (causative formal)
굳어서 (causative informal)
굳으니 (causative informal polite)
굳으니까 (causative formal polite)
굳지만 (contrastive formal)
굳은데 (contrastive informal)
굳더니 (contrastive informal polite)
굳고 (conjunctive formal)
굳으면 (conditional formal)
굳어야 (conditional informal)
굳음 (formal noun-from-verb)
굳기 (informal noun-from-verb)
굳었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
굳었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
굳은 (determiner informal present)
굳을 (determiner future informal)
굳으시다 (indicative non-past)
굳으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
굳으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
굳으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
굳으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
굳으셨다 (indicative past)
굳으셨어 (indicative informal past)
굳으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
굳으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
굳으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
굳으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
굳으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
굳으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
굳으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
굳으셨냐 (interrogative past)
굳으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
굳으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
굳으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
굳으시겠다 (assertive)
굳으시겠어 (assertive informal)
굳으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
굳으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
굳으셔 (causative)
굳으셔서 (causative informal)
굳으시니 (causative polite)
굳으시니까 (causative formal)
굳으시지만 (contrastive)
굳으신데 (contrastive informal)
굳으시더니 (contrastive polite)
굳으시고 (conjunctive)
굳으시면 (conditional)
굳으셔야 (conditional informal)
굳으심 (noun-from-verb)
굳으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
굳으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
굳으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
굳으신 (determiner informal present)
굳으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 굳다 (Yale: kwutta).

ko-etym-native

(to be) hard; (to be) solid; (to be) adamant


단

realis adnominal form of 달다 (dalda, “to be sweet”)


이르다

ko-adj

이르다 • (ireuda) (infinitive 일러, sequential 이르니)

ireuda (romanization)
일러 (infinitive)
이르니 (sequential)
이르다 (formal indicative non-past)
일러 (indicative informal non-past)
일러요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
이릅니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
일렀다 (formal indicative past)
일렀어 (indicative informal past)
일렀어요 (indicative informal past polite)
일렀습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
이르냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
일러 (informal interrogative non-past)
일러요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
이릅니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
일렀냐 (formal interrogative past)
일렀어 (informal interrogative past)
일렀어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
일렀습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
이르겠다 (assertive formal)
이르겠어 (assertive informal)
이르겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
이르겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
일러 (causative formal)
일러서 (causative informal)
이르니 (causative informal polite)
이르니까 (causative formal polite)
이르지만 (contrastive formal)
이른데 (contrastive informal)
이르더니 (contrastive informal polite)
이르고 (conjunctive formal)
이르면 (conditional formal)
일러야 (conditional informal)
이름 (formal noun-from-verb)
이르기 (informal noun-from-verb)
일렀음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
일렀기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
이른 (determiner informal present)
이를 (determiner future informal)
이르시다 (indicative non-past)
이르셔 (indicative informal non-past)
이르세요 (indicative non-past polite)
이르셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
이르십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
이르셨다 (indicative past)
이르셨어 (indicative informal past)
이르셨어요 (indicative past polite)
이르셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
이르시냐 (interrogative non-past)
이르셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
이르세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
이르셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
이르십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
이르셨냐 (interrogative past)
이르셨어 (informal interrogative past)
이르셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
이르셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
이르시겠다 (assertive)
이르시겠어 (assertive informal)
이르시겠어요 (assertive polite)
이르시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
이르셔 (causative)
이르셔서 (causative informal)
이르시니 (causative polite)
이르시니까 (causative formal)
이르시지만 (contrastive)
이르신데 (contrastive informal)
이르시더니 (contrastive polite)
이르시고 (conjunctive)
이르시면 (conditional)
이르셔야 (conditional informal)
이르심 (noun-from-verb)
이르시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
이르셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
이르셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
이르신 (determiner informal present)
이르실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 이르다 (Yale: iluta).

ko-etym-native

이른 아침


어리다

ko-adj

어리다 • (eorida) (infinitive 어려 or 어리어, sequential 어리니)

eorida (romanization)
어려 (infinitive)
어리어 (infinitive)
어리니 (sequential)
어리다 (formal indicative non-past)
어려 (indicative informal non-past)
어려요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
어리어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
어립니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
어렸다 (formal indicative past)
어렸어 (indicative informal past)
어렸어요 (indicative informal past polite)
어렸습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
어리냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
어려 (informal interrogative non-past)
어려요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
어리어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
어립니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
어렸냐 (formal interrogative past)
어렸어 (informal interrogative past)
어렸어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
어렸습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
어리겠다 (assertive formal)
어리겠어 (assertive informal)
어리겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
어리겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
어려 (causative formal)
어려서 (causative informal)
어리어서 (causative informal)
어리니 (causative informal polite)
어리니까 (causative formal polite)
어리지만 (contrastive formal)
어린데 (contrastive informal)
어리더니 (contrastive informal polite)
어리고 (conjunctive formal)
어리면 (conditional formal)
어려야 (conditional informal)
어리어야 (conditional informal)
어림 (formal noun-from-verb)
어리기 (informal noun-from-verb)
어렸음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
어리었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
어렸기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
어리었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
어린 (determiner informal present)
어릴 (determiner future informal)
어리시다 (indicative non-past)
어리셔 (indicative informal non-past)
어리세요 (indicative non-past polite)
어리셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
어리십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
어리셨다 (indicative past)
어리셨어 (indicative informal past)
어리셨어요 (indicative past polite)
어리셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
어리시냐 (interrogative non-past)
어리셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
어리세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
어리셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
어리십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
어리셨냐 (interrogative past)
어리셨어 (informal interrogative past)
어리셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
어리셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
어리시겠다 (assertive)
어리시겠어 (assertive informal)
어리시겠어요 (assertive polite)
어리시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
어리셔 (causative)
어리셔서 (causative informal)
어리시니 (causative polite)
어리시니까 (causative formal)
어리시지만 (contrastive)
어리신데 (contrastive informal)
어리시더니 (contrastive polite)
어리시고 (conjunctive)
어리시면 (conditional)
어리셔야 (conditional informal)
어리심 (noun-from-verb)
어리시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
어리셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
어리셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
어리신 (determiner informal present)
어리실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 어리〮다〮 (Yale: èlí-tá). Originally meant only "to be foolish"; the "to be young" sense developed in the sixteenth century, because children are foolish and immature, and eventually became the main sense of the word. It partly displaced the original word for "to be young", 젊다 (jeomda), which now specifically means "to be youthful", i.e. people in their teens and twenties. The "to be foolish" sense was largely replaced by 어리석다 (eoriseokda), originally a derived term.

ko-etym-native

내 어린 시절

어릴 때에는 누구나 순수하다.

Everyone is innocent when they are young.

나는 열일곱 살이니 언니보다 세 살 어리다.

Na-neun yeor-ilgop sar-ini eonni-boda se sal eorida.

Since I am seventeen, I am three years younger than my sister.

to be young, to be little, to be a child; when used for people, usually younger than mid-teens unless used in a comparison

대학생인데 너무 생각이 어리다.

Daehaksaeng-inde neomu saenggag-i eorida.

They're university students, but they think too naively.

행동을 보니 아직 어리다.

Looking at his behavior, he is still childish.

제 어린 생각


건

geon (romanization)
걸다 (determinative-of)

determinative of 걸다 (geolda, “to be fertile or sumptuous”): rich, fertile, sumptuous


작다

ko-adj

작다 • (jakda) (infinitive 작아, sequential 작으니)

jakda (romanization)
작아 (infinitive)
작으니 (sequential)
작다 (formal indicative non-past)
작아 (indicative informal non-past)
작아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
작습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
작았다 (formal indicative past)
작았어 (indicative informal past)
작았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
작았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
작으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
작아 (informal interrogative non-past)
작아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
작습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
작았냐 (formal interrogative past)
작았어 (informal interrogative past)
작았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
작았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
작겠다 (assertive formal)
작겠어 (assertive informal)
작겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
작겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
작아 (causative formal)
작아서 (causative informal)
작으니 (causative informal polite)
작으니까 (causative formal polite)
작지만 (contrastive formal)
작은데 (contrastive informal)
작더니 (contrastive informal polite)
작고 (conjunctive formal)
작으면 (conditional formal)
작아야 (conditional informal)
작음 (formal noun-from-verb)
작기 (informal noun-from-verb)
작았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
작았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
작은 (determiner informal present)
작을 (determiner future informal)
작으시다 (indicative non-past)
작으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
작으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
작으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
작으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
작으셨다 (indicative past)
작으셨어 (indicative informal past)
작으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
작으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
작으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
작으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
작으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
작으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
작으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
작으셨냐 (interrogative past)
작으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
작으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
작으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
작으시겠다 (assertive)
작으시겠어 (assertive informal)
작으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
작으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
작으셔 (causative)
작으셔서 (causative informal)
작으시니 (causative polite)
작으시니까 (causative formal)
작으시지만 (contrastive)
작으신데 (contrastive informal)
작으시더니 (contrastive polite)
작으시고 (conjunctive)
작으시면 (conditional)
작으셔야 (conditional informal)
작으심 (noun-from-verb)
작으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
작으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
작으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
작으신 (determiner informal present)
작으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 쟉〯다〮 (Yale: cyǎk-tá). Ablaut form: 적다 (jeokda, “to be few”).

ko-etym-native

그는 키가 작다.


적다

ko-adj

적다 • (jeokda) (infinitive 적어, sequential 적으니)

jeokda (romanization)
적어 (infinitive)
적으니 (sequential)
적다 (formal indicative non-past)
적어 (indicative informal non-past)
적어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
적습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
적었다 (formal indicative past)
적었어 (indicative informal past)
적었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
적었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
적으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
적어 (informal interrogative non-past)
적어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
적습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
적었냐 (formal interrogative past)
적었어 (informal interrogative past)
적었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
적었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
적겠다 (assertive formal)
적겠어 (assertive informal)
적겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
적겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
적어 (causative formal)
적어서 (causative informal)
적으니 (causative informal polite)
적으니까 (causative formal polite)
적지만 (contrastive formal)
적은데 (contrastive informal)
적더니 (contrastive informal polite)
적고 (conjunctive formal)
적으면 (conditional formal)
적어야 (conditional informal)
적음 (formal noun-from-verb)
적기 (informal noun-from-verb)
적었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
적었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
적은 (determiner informal present)
적을 (determiner future informal)
적으시다 (indicative non-past)
적으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
적으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
적으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
적으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
적으셨다 (indicative past)
적으셨어 (indicative informal past)
적으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
적으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
적으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
적으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
적으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
적으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
적으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
적으셨냐 (interrogative past)
적으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
적으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
적으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
적으시겠다 (assertive)
적으시겠어 (assertive informal)
적으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
적으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
적으셔 (causative)
적으셔서 (causative informal)
적으시니 (causative polite)
적으시니까 (causative formal)
적으시지만 (contrastive)
적으신데 (contrastive informal)
적으시더니 (contrastive polite)
적으시고 (conjunctive)
적으시면 (conditional)
적으셔야 (conditional informal)
적으심 (noun-from-verb)
적으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
적으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
적으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
적으신 (determiner informal present)
적으실 (determiner future informal)

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)k̚t͈a̠]

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 젹〯다〮 (Yale: cyěk-tá). Ablaut form: 작다 (jakda, “to be small”)


느리다

ko-adj

느리다 • (neurida) (infinitive 느려 or 느리어, sequential 느리니)

neurida (romanization)
느려 (infinitive)
느리어 (infinitive)
느리니 (sequential)
느리다 (formal indicative non-past)
느려 (indicative informal non-past)
느려요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
느리어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
느립니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
느렸다 (formal indicative past)
느렸어 (indicative informal past)
느렸어요 (indicative informal past polite)
느렸습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
느리냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
느려 (informal interrogative non-past)
느려요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
느리어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
느립니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
느렸냐 (formal interrogative past)
느렸어 (informal interrogative past)
느렸어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
느렸습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
느리겠다 (assertive formal)
느리겠어 (assertive informal)
느리겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
느리겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
느려 (causative formal)
느려서 (causative informal)
느리어서 (causative informal)
느리니 (causative informal polite)
느리니까 (causative formal polite)
느리지만 (contrastive formal)
느린데 (contrastive informal)
느리더니 (contrastive informal polite)
느리고 (conjunctive formal)
느리면 (conditional formal)
느려야 (conditional informal)
느리어야 (conditional informal)
느림 (formal noun-from-verb)
느리기 (informal noun-from-verb)
느렸음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
느리었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
느렸기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
느리었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
느린 (determiner informal present)
느릴 (determiner future informal)
느리시다 (indicative non-past)
느리셔 (indicative informal non-past)
느리세요 (indicative non-past polite)
느리셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
느리십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
느리셨다 (indicative past)
느리셨어 (indicative informal past)
느리셨어요 (indicative past polite)
느리셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
느리시냐 (interrogative non-past)
느리셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
느리세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
느리셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
느리십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
느리셨냐 (interrogative past)
느리셨어 (informal interrogative past)
느리셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
느리셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
느리시겠다 (assertive)
느리시겠어 (assertive informal)
느리시겠어요 (assertive polite)
느리시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
느리셔 (causative)
느리셔서 (causative informal)
느리시니 (causative polite)
느리시니까 (causative formal)
느리시지만 (contrastive)
느리신데 (contrastive informal)
느리시더니 (contrastive polite)
느리시고 (conjunctive)
느리시면 (conditional)
느리셔야 (conditional informal)
느리심 (noun-from-verb)
느리시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
느리셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
느리셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
느리신 (determiner informal present)
느리실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 늘의〮다〮 (Yale: nùlGúy-tá).


빠르다

ko-adj

빠르다 • (ppareuda) (infinitive 빨라, sequential 빠르니)

ppareuda (romanization)
빨라 (infinitive)
빠르니 (sequential)
빠르다 (formal indicative non-past)
빨라 (indicative informal non-past)
빨라요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
빠릅니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
빨랐다 (formal indicative past)
빨랐어 (indicative informal past)
빨랐어요 (indicative informal past polite)
빨랐습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
빠르냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
빨라 (informal interrogative non-past)
빨라요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
빠릅니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
빨랐냐 (formal interrogative past)
빨랐어 (informal interrogative past)
빨랐어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
빨랐습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
빠르겠다 (assertive formal)
빠르겠어 (assertive informal)
빠르겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
빠르겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
빨라 (causative formal)
빨라서 (causative informal)
빠르니 (causative informal polite)
빠르니까 (causative formal polite)
빠르지만 (contrastive formal)
빠른데 (contrastive informal)
빠르더니 (contrastive informal polite)
빠르고 (conjunctive formal)
빠르면 (conditional formal)
빨라야 (conditional informal)
빠름 (formal noun-from-verb)
빠르기 (informal noun-from-verb)
빨랐음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
빨랐기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
빠른 (determiner informal present)
빠를 (determiner future informal)
빠르시다 (indicative non-past)
빠르셔 (indicative informal non-past)
빠르세요 (indicative non-past polite)
빠르셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
빠르십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
빠르셨다 (indicative past)
빠르셨어 (indicative informal past)
빠르셨어요 (indicative past polite)
빠르셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
빠르시냐 (interrogative non-past)
빠르셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
빠르세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
빠르셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
빠르십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
빠르셨냐 (interrogative past)
빠르셨어 (informal interrogative past)
빠르셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
빠르셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
빠르시겠다 (assertive)
빠르시겠어 (assertive informal)
빠르시겠어요 (assertive polite)
빠르시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
빠르셔 (causative)
빠르셔서 (causative informal)
빠르시니 (causative polite)
빠르시니까 (causative formal)
빠르시지만 (contrastive)
빠르신데 (contrastive informal)
빠르시더니 (contrastive polite)
빠르시고 (conjunctive)
빠르시면 (conditional)
빠르셔야 (conditional informal)
빠르심 (noun-from-verb)
빠르시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
빠르셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
빠르셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
빠르신 (determiner informal present)
빠르실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄲᆞᄅᆞ다〮 (Yale: spòlò-tá).

ko-etym-native

시간이 빠르지 않아요?

빠른 시일 내에


달다

ko-adj

달다 • (dalda) (infinitive 달아, sequential 다니)

dalda (romanization)
달아 (infinitive)
다니 (sequential)
달다 (formal indicative non-past)
달아 (indicative informal non-past)
달아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
답니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
달았다 (formal indicative past)
달았어 (indicative informal past)
달았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
달았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
다냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
달아 (informal interrogative non-past)
달아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
답니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
달았냐 (formal interrogative past)
달았어 (informal interrogative past)
달았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
달았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
달겠다 (assertive formal)
달겠어 (assertive informal)
달겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
달겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
달아 (causative formal)
달아서 (causative informal)
다니 (causative informal polite)
다니까 (causative formal polite)
달지만 (contrastive formal)
단데 (contrastive informal)
달더니 (contrastive informal polite)
달고 (conjunctive formal)
달면 (conditional formal)
달아야 (conditional informal)
닮 (formal noun-from-verb)
달기 (informal noun-from-verb)
달았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
달았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
단 (determiner informal present)
달 (determiner future informal)
다시다 (indicative non-past)
다셔 (indicative informal non-past)
다세요 (indicative non-past polite)
다셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
다십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
다셨다 (indicative past)
다셨어 (indicative informal past)
다셨어요 (indicative past polite)
다셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
다시냐 (interrogative non-past)
다셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
다세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
다셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
다십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
다셨냐 (interrogative past)
다셨어 (informal interrogative past)
다셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
다셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
다시겠다 (assertive)
다시겠어 (assertive informal)
다시겠어요 (assertive polite)
다시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
다셔 (causative)
다셔서 (causative informal)
다시니 (causative polite)
다시니까 (causative formal)
다시지만 (contrastive)
다신데 (contrastive informal)
다시더니 (contrastive polite)
다시고 (conjunctive)
다시면 (conditional)
다셔야 (conditional informal)
다심 (noun-from-verb)
다시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
다셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
다셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
다신 (determiner informal present)
다실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆯ다 (Yale: tolta).


달다

dalda (romanization)
달아 (infinitive)
다니 (sequential)

(North Chungcheong) synonym of 배다 (baeda)


희다

ko-adj

희다 • (huida) (infinitive 희어, sequential 희니)

huida (romanization)
희어 (infinitive)
희니 (sequential)
희다 (formal indicative non-past)
희어 (indicative informal non-past)
희어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
흽니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
희었다 (formal indicative past)
희었어 (indicative informal past)
희었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
희었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
희냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
희어 (informal interrogative non-past)
희어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
흽니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
희었냐 (formal interrogative past)
희었어 (informal interrogative past)
희었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
희었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
희겠다 (assertive formal)
희겠어 (assertive informal)
희겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
희겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
희어 (causative formal)
희어서 (causative informal)
희니 (causative informal polite)
희니까 (causative formal polite)
희지만 (contrastive formal)
흰데 (contrastive informal)
희더니 (contrastive informal polite)
희고 (conjunctive formal)
희면 (conditional formal)
희어야 (conditional informal)
흼 (formal noun-from-verb)
희기 (informal noun-from-verb)
희었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
희었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
흰 (determiner informal present)
흴 (determiner future informal)
희시다 (indicative non-past)
희셔 (indicative informal non-past)
희세요 (indicative non-past polite)
희셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
희십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
희셨다 (indicative past)
희셨어 (indicative informal past)
희셨어요 (indicative past polite)
희셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
희시냐 (interrogative non-past)
희셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
희세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
희셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
희십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
희셨냐 (interrogative past)
희셨어 (informal interrogative past)
희셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
희셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
희시겠다 (assertive)
희시겠어 (assertive informal)
희시겠어요 (assertive polite)
희시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
희셔 (causative)
희셔서 (causative informal)
희시니 (causative polite)
희시니까 (causative formal)
희시지만 (contrastive)
희신데 (contrastive informal)
희시더니 (contrastive polite)
희시고 (conjunctive)
희시면 (conditional)
희셔야 (conditional informal)
희심 (noun-from-verb)
희시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
희셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
희셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
희신 (determiner informal present)
희실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄒᆡ〮다〮 (Yale: hóy-tá).


밝다

ko-adj

밝다 • (bakda) (infinitive 밝아, sequential 밝으니)

bakda (romanization)
밝아 (infinitive)
밝으니 (sequential)
밝다 (formal indicative non-past)
밝아 (indicative informal non-past)
밝아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
밝습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
밝았다 (formal indicative past)
밝았어 (indicative informal past)
밝았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
밝았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
밝으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
밝아 (informal interrogative non-past)
밝아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
밝습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
밝았냐 (formal interrogative past)
밝았어 (informal interrogative past)
밝았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
밝았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
밝겠다 (assertive formal)
밝겠어 (assertive informal)
밝겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
밝겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
밝아 (causative formal)
밝아서 (causative informal)
밝으니 (causative informal polite)
밝으니까 (causative formal polite)
밝지만 (contrastive formal)
밝은데 (contrastive informal)
밝더니 (contrastive informal polite)
밝고 (conjunctive formal)
밝으면 (conditional formal)
밝아야 (conditional informal)
밝음 (formal noun-from-verb)
밝기 (informal noun-from-verb)
밝았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
밝았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
밝은 (determiner informal present)
밝을 (determiner future informal)
밝으시다 (indicative non-past)
밝으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
밝으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
밝으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
밝으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
밝으셨다 (indicative past)
밝으셨어 (indicative informal past)
밝으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
밝으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
밝으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
밝으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
밝으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
밝으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
밝으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
밝으셨냐 (interrogative past)
밝으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
밝으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
밝으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
밝으시겠다 (assertive)
밝으시겠어 (assertive informal)
밝으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
밝으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
밝으셔 (causative)
밝으셔서 (causative informal)
밝으시니 (causative polite)
밝으시니까 (causative formal)
밝으시지만 (contrastive)
밝으신데 (contrastive informal)
밝으시더니 (contrastive polite)
밝으시고 (conjunctive)
밝으시면 (conditional)
밝으셔야 (conditional informal)
밝으심 (noun-from-verb)
밝으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
밝으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
밝으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
밝으신 (determiner informal present)
밝으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆰ다〮 (Yale: pòlk-tá). Alternation of Middle Korean 븕다〮 (Yale: pùlk-tá, “to be red”, whence modern Korean 붉다 (bukda)); see there for more. From Old Korean 明斤 (*POlk).

okm-l

whence modern Korean <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">붉다</i> (bukda)

to be cheerful, to be happy, to be optimistic


붉다

ko-adj

붉다 • (bukda) (infinitive 붉어, sequential 붉으니)

bukda (romanization)
붉어 (infinitive)
붉으니 (sequential)
붉다 (formal indicative non-past)
붉어 (indicative informal non-past)
붉어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
붉습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
붉었다 (formal indicative past)
붉었어 (indicative informal past)
붉었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
붉었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
붉으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
붉어 (informal interrogative non-past)
붉어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
붉습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
붉었냐 (formal interrogative past)
붉었어 (informal interrogative past)
붉었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
붉었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
붉겠다 (assertive formal)
붉겠어 (assertive informal)
붉겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
붉겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
붉어 (causative formal)
붉어서 (causative informal)
붉으니 (causative informal polite)
붉으니까 (causative formal polite)
붉지만 (contrastive formal)
붉은데 (contrastive informal)
붉더니 (contrastive informal polite)
붉고 (conjunctive formal)
붉으면 (conditional formal)
붉어야 (conditional informal)
붉음 (formal noun-from-verb)
붉기 (informal noun-from-verb)
붉었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
붉었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
붉은 (determiner informal present)
붉을 (determiner future informal)
붉으시다 (indicative non-past)
붉으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
붉으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
붉으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
붉으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
붉으셨다 (indicative past)
붉으셨어 (indicative informal past)
붉으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
붉으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
붉으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
붉으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
붉으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
붉으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
붉으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
붉으셨냐 (interrogative past)
붉으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
붉으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
붉으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
붉으시겠다 (assertive)
붉으시겠어 (assertive informal)
붉으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
붉으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
붉으셔 (causative)
붉으셔서 (causative informal)
붉으시니 (causative polite)
붉으시니까 (causative formal)
붉으시지만 (contrastive)
붉으신데 (contrastive informal)
붉으시더니 (contrastive polite)
붉으시고 (conjunctive)
붉으시면 (conditional)
붉으셔야 (conditional informal)
붉으심 (noun-from-verb)
붉으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
붉으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
붉으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
붉으신 (determiner informal present)
붉으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 븕다〮 (Yale: pùlk-tá). Ablaut form: 밝다 (bakda, “to be bright”).
Believed to have been derived from 불 (bul, “fire”) at some earlier stage of the language (Lee and Ramsey 2011, p. 180). Compare 묽다 (mukda, “watery”) < 물 (mul, “water”).
Beyond Korean, compare Manchu ᡶᡠᠯᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (fulgiyan, “red”).

ko-etym-native

붉다:

아마도, 오랫동안 칠이 되지 않은 붉은 벽돌의 표면은 여기저기 조금 더 박편이 떨어져 나갔을 것이다.

1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars:

Perhaps the surface of the red brick, long unpainted, had scaled off a little more here and there.

Amado, oraetdong'an chir-i doe-ji aneun bulgeun byeokdor-ui pyomyeon-eun yeogijeogi jogeum deo bakpyeon-i tteoreojeo nagasseul geos-ida.


고름

goreum (romanization)
of 고르다 (substantive)


길다

ko-adj

길다 • (gilda) (infinitive 길어, sequential 기니)

gilda (romanization)
길어 (infinitive)
기니 (sequential)
길다 (formal indicative non-past)
길어 (indicative informal non-past)
길어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
깁니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
길었다 (formal indicative past)
길었어 (indicative informal past)
길었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
길었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
기냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
길어 (informal interrogative non-past)
길어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
깁니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
길었냐 (formal interrogative past)
길었어 (informal interrogative past)
길었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
길었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
길겠다 (assertive formal)
길겠어 (assertive informal)
길겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
길겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
길어 (causative formal)
길어서 (causative informal)
기니 (causative informal polite)
기니까 (causative formal polite)
길지만 (contrastive formal)
긴데 (contrastive informal)
길더니 (contrastive informal polite)
길고 (conjunctive formal)
길면 (conditional formal)
길어야 (conditional informal)
긺 (formal noun-from-verb)
길기 (informal noun-from-verb)
길었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
길었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
긴 (determiner informal present)
길 (determiner future informal)
기시다 (indicative non-past)
기셔 (indicative informal non-past)
기세요 (indicative non-past polite)
기셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
기십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
기셨다 (indicative past)
기셨어 (indicative informal past)
기셨어요 (indicative past polite)
기셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
기시냐 (interrogative non-past)
기셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
기세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
기셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
기십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
기셨냐 (interrogative past)
기셨어 (informal interrogative past)
기셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
기셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
기시겠다 (assertive)
기시겠어 (assertive informal)
기시겠어요 (assertive polite)
기시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
기셔 (causative)
기셔서 (causative informal)
기시니 (causative polite)
기시니까 (causative formal)
기시지만 (contrastive)
기신데 (contrastive informal)
기시더니 (contrastive polite)
기시고 (conjunctive)
기시면 (conditional)
기셔야 (conditional informal)
기심 (noun-from-verb)
기시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
기셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
기셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
기신 (determiner informal present)
기실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 길〯다〮 (Yale: kǐl-tá), from Old Korean 吉 (*kil-), an element that apparently means “long” in certain first-millennium Korean place names.


짧다

ko-adj

짧다 • (jjalda) (infinitive 짧아, sequential 짧으니)

jjalda (romanization)
짧아 (infinitive)
짧으니 (sequential)
짧다 (formal indicative non-past)
짧아 (indicative informal non-past)
짧아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
짧습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
짧았다 (formal indicative past)
짧았어 (indicative informal past)
짧았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
짧았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
짧으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
짧아 (informal interrogative non-past)
짧아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
짧습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
짧았냐 (formal interrogative past)
짧았어 (informal interrogative past)
짧았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
짧았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
짧겠다 (assertive formal)
짧겠어 (assertive informal)
짧겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
짧겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
짧아 (causative formal)
짧아서 (causative informal)
짧으니 (causative informal polite)
짧으니까 (causative formal polite)
짧지만 (contrastive formal)
짧은데 (contrastive informal)
짧더니 (contrastive informal polite)
짧고 (conjunctive formal)
짧으면 (conditional formal)
짧아야 (conditional informal)
짧음 (formal noun-from-verb)
짧기 (informal noun-from-verb)
짧았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
짧았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
짧은 (determiner informal present)
짧을 (determiner future informal)
짧으시다 (indicative non-past)
짧으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
짧으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
짧으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
짧으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
짧으셨다 (indicative past)
짧으셨어 (indicative informal past)
짧으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
짧으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
짧으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
짧으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
짧으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
짧으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
짧으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
짧으셨냐 (interrogative past)
짧으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
짧으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
짧으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
짧으시겠다 (assertive)
짧으시겠어 (assertive informal)
짧으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
짧으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
짧으셔 (causative)
짧으셔서 (causative informal)
짧으시니 (causative polite)
짧으시니까 (causative formal)
짧으시지만 (contrastive)
짧으신데 (contrastive informal)
짧으시더니 (contrastive polite)
짧으시고 (conjunctive)
짧으시면 (conditional)
짧으셔야 (conditional informal)
짧으심 (noun-from-verb)
짧으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
짧으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
짧으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
짧으신 (determiner informal present)
짧으실 (determiner future informal)

[t͡ɕ͈a̠ɭt͈a̠]

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 뎌르다 (Yale: tyeluta).

ko-etym-native

그는 다리가 짧다.


싸

Infinitive form of 싸다 (ssada, “to be cheap”)


맑다

ko-adj

맑다 • (makda) (infinitive 맑아, sequential 맑으니)

makda (romanization)
맑아 (infinitive)
맑으니 (sequential)
맑다 (formal indicative non-past)
맑아 (indicative informal non-past)
맑아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
맑습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
맑았다 (formal indicative past)
맑았어 (indicative informal past)
맑았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
맑았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
맑으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
맑아 (informal interrogative non-past)
맑아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
맑습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
맑았냐 (formal interrogative past)
맑았어 (informal interrogative past)
맑았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
맑았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
맑겠다 (assertive formal)
맑겠어 (assertive informal)
맑겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
맑겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
맑아 (causative formal)
맑아서 (causative informal)
맑으니 (causative informal polite)
맑으니까 (causative formal polite)
맑지만 (contrastive formal)
맑은데 (contrastive informal)
맑더니 (contrastive informal polite)
맑고 (conjunctive formal)
맑으면 (conditional formal)
맑아야 (conditional informal)
맑음 (formal noun-from-verb)
맑기 (informal noun-from-verb)
맑았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
맑았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
맑은 (determiner informal present)
맑을 (determiner future informal)
맑으시다 (indicative non-past)
맑으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
맑으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
맑으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
맑으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
맑으셨다 (indicative past)
맑으셨어 (indicative informal past)
맑으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
맑으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
맑으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
맑으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
맑으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
맑으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
맑으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
맑으셨냐 (interrogative past)
맑으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
맑으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
맑으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
맑으시겠다 (assertive)
맑으시겠어 (assertive informal)
맑으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
맑으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
맑으셔 (causative)
맑으셔서 (causative informal)
맑으시니 (causative polite)
맑으시니까 (causative formal)
맑으시지만 (contrastive)
맑으신데 (contrastive informal)
맑으시더니 (contrastive polite)
맑으시고 (conjunctive)
맑으시면 (conditional)
맑으셔야 (conditional informal)
맑으심 (noun-from-verb)
맑으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
맑으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
맑으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
맑으신 (determiner informal present)
맑으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄆᆞᆰ다 (Yale: molk.ta).

ko-etym-native

물이 너무 맑으면 물고기가 못산다.

muri neomu malgeumyeon mulgogiga motsanda.

Too clear waters breed and feed no fish.

(air, water, material) to be clear, clean, fresh, pure, limpid, transparent

(mind, spirit) to be clear, pure, virtuous, noble


흐리다

ko-adj

흐리다 • (heurida) (infinitive 흐려 or 흐리어, sequential 흐리니)

heurida (romanization)
흐려 (infinitive)
흐리어 (infinitive)
흐리니 (sequential)
흐리다 (formal indicative non-past)
흐려 (indicative informal non-past)
흐려요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
흐리어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
흐립니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
흐렸다 (formal indicative past)
흐렸어 (indicative informal past)
흐렸어요 (indicative informal past polite)
흐렸습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
흐리냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
흐려 (informal interrogative non-past)
흐려요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
흐리어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
흐립니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
흐렸냐 (formal interrogative past)
흐렸어 (informal interrogative past)
흐렸어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
흐렸습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
흐리겠다 (assertive formal)
흐리겠어 (assertive informal)
흐리겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
흐리겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
흐려 (causative formal)
흐려서 (causative informal)
흐리어서 (causative informal)
흐리니 (causative informal polite)
흐리니까 (causative formal polite)
흐리지만 (contrastive formal)
흐린데 (contrastive informal)
흐리더니 (contrastive informal polite)
흐리고 (conjunctive formal)
흐리면 (conditional formal)
흐려야 (conditional informal)
흐리어야 (conditional informal)
흐림 (formal noun-from-verb)
흐리기 (informal noun-from-verb)
흐렸음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
흐리었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
흐렸기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
흐리었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
흐린 (determiner informal present)
흐릴 (determiner future informal)
흐리시다 (indicative non-past)
흐리셔 (indicative informal non-past)
흐리세요 (indicative non-past polite)
흐리셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
흐리십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
흐리셨다 (indicative past)
흐리셨어 (indicative informal past)
흐리셨어요 (indicative past polite)
흐리셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
흐리시냐 (interrogative non-past)
흐리셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
흐리세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
흐리셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
흐리십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
흐리셨냐 (interrogative past)
흐리셨어 (informal interrogative past)
흐리셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
흐리셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
흐리시겠다 (assertive)
흐리시겠어 (assertive informal)
흐리시겠어요 (assertive polite)
흐리시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
흐리셔 (causative)
흐리셔서 (causative informal)
흐리시니 (causative polite)
흐리시니까 (causative formal)
흐리시지만 (contrastive)
흐리신데 (contrastive informal)
흐리시더니 (contrastive polite)
흐리시고 (conjunctive)
흐리시면 (conditional)
흐리셔야 (conditional informal)
흐리심 (noun-from-verb)
흐리시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
흐리셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
흐리셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
흐리신 (determiner informal present)
흐리실 (determiner future informal)

맑다

(air, water, material) to be clear, clean, fresh, pure, limpid, transparent

(air, water, material) to be unclear, impure, turbid, muddy

흐린 공기(空氣)

흐린 기억(記憶)

흐린 글씨

흐린 날

흐린 날씨

흐린 눈

흐린 마음

흐린 물

흐린 셈

흐린 소리

흐린 술

흐린 아침

흐린 안색(顔色)

흐린 의식(意識)

흐린 정신(精神)

흐린 하늘


맞다

맞다 • (matda) (infinitive 맞아, sequential 맞으니)

matda (romanization)
맞아 (infinitive)
맞으니 (sequential)
맞다 (formal indicative non-past)
맞아 (indicative informal non-past)
맞아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
맞습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
맞았다 (formal indicative past)
맞았어 (indicative informal past)
맞았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
맞았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
맞으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
맞아 (informal interrogative non-past)
맞아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
맞습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
맞았냐 (formal interrogative past)
맞았어 (informal interrogative past)
맞았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
맞았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
맞겠다 (assertive formal)
맞겠어 (assertive informal)
맞겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
맞겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
맞아 (causative formal)
맞아서 (causative informal)
맞으니 (causative informal polite)
맞으니까 (causative formal polite)
맞지만 (contrastive formal)
맞은데 (contrastive informal)
맞더니 (contrastive informal polite)
맞고 (conjunctive formal)
맞으면 (conditional formal)
맞아야 (conditional informal)
맞음 (formal noun-from-verb)
맞기 (informal noun-from-verb)
맞았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
맞았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
맞은 (determiner informal present)
맞을 (determiner future informal)
맞으시다 (indicative non-past)
맞으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
맞으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
맞으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
맞으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
맞으셨다 (indicative past)
맞으셨어 (indicative informal past)
맞으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
맞으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
맞으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
맞으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
맞으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
맞으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
맞으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
맞으셨냐 (interrogative past)
맞으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
맞으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
맞으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
맞으시겠다 (assertive)
맞으시겠어 (assertive informal)
맞으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
맞으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
맞으셔 (causative)
맞으셔서 (causative informal)
맞으시니 (causative polite)
맞으시니까 (causative formal)
맞으시지만 (contrastive)
맞으신데 (contrastive informal)
맞으시더니 (contrastive polite)
맞으시고 (conjunctive)
맞으시면 (conditional)
맞으셔야 (conditional informal)
맞으심 (noun-from-verb)
맞으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
맞으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
맞으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
맞으신 (determiner informal present)
맞으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 맞다〮 (Yale: màctá).

ko-etym-native

네 말이 맞다.

내 전화번호가 맞구나!

이 짜장면이 입에 딱 맞아.

to be right, suitable (to one's liking, size, etc.)


안녕하다

ko-adj

안녕하다 • (annyeonghada) (infinitive 안녕해 or 안녕하여, sequential 안녕하니, hanja 安寧하다)

annyeonghada (romanization)
안녕해 (infinitive)
안녕하여 (infinitive)
안녕하니 (sequential)
安寧하다 (hanja)
안녕하다 (formal indicative non-past)
안녕해 (indicative informal non-past)
안녕해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
안녕합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
안녕했다 (formal indicative past)
안녕했어 (indicative informal past)
안녕했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
안녕했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
안녕하냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
안녕해 (informal interrogative non-past)
안녕해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
안녕합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
안녕했냐 (formal interrogative past)
안녕했어 (informal interrogative past)
안녕했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
안녕했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
안녕하겠다 (assertive formal)
안녕하겠어 (assertive informal)
안녕하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
안녕하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
안녕해 (causative formal)
안녕해서 (causative informal)
안녕하여서 (causative informal)
안녕하니 (causative informal polite)
안녕하니까 (causative formal polite)
안녕하지만 (contrastive formal)
안녕한데 (contrastive informal)
안녕하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
안녕하고 (conjunctive formal)
안녕하면 (conditional formal)
안녕해야 (conditional informal)
안녕하여야 (conditional informal)
안녕함 (formal noun-from-verb)
안녕하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
안녕했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
안녕하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
안녕했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
안녕하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
안녕한 (determiner informal present)
안녕할 (determiner future informal)
안녕하시다 (indicative non-past)
안녕하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
안녕하세요 (indicative non-past polite)
안녕하셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
안녕하십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
안녕하셨다 (indicative past)
안녕하셨어 (indicative informal past)
안녕하셨어요 (indicative past polite)
안녕하셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
안녕하시냐 (interrogative non-past)
안녕하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
안녕하세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
안녕하셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
안녕하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
안녕하셨냐 (interrogative past)
안녕하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
안녕하셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
안녕하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
안녕하시겠다 (assertive)
안녕하시겠어 (assertive informal)
안녕하시겠어요 (assertive polite)
안녕하시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
안녕하셔 (causative)
안녕하셔서 (causative informal)
안녕하시니 (causative polite)
안녕하시니까 (causative formal)
안녕하시지만 (contrastive)
안녕하신데 (contrastive informal)
안녕하시더니 (contrastive polite)
안녕하시고 (conjunctive)
안녕하시면 (conditional)
안녕하셔야 (conditional informal)
안녕하심 (noun-from-verb)
안녕하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
안녕하셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
안녕하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
안녕하신 (determiner informal present)
안녕하실 (determiner future informal)

[a̠nɲʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠]

안녕(安寧) (annyeong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).


반갑다

ko-adj

반갑다 • (ban'gapda) (irregular, infinitive 반가워, sequential 반가우니)

ban'gapda (romanization)
반가워 (infinitive)
반가우니 (sequential)
반갑다 (formal indicative non-past)
반가워 (indicative informal non-past)
반가워요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
반갑습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
반가웠다 (formal indicative past)
반가웠어 (indicative informal past)
반가웠어요 (indicative informal past polite)
반가웠습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
반가우냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
반가워 (informal interrogative non-past)
반가워요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
반갑습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
반가웠냐 (formal interrogative past)
반가웠어 (informal interrogative past)
반가웠어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
반가웠습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
반갑겠다 (assertive formal)
반갑겠어 (assertive informal)
반갑겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
반갑겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
반가워 (causative formal)
반가워서 (causative informal)
반가우니 (causative informal polite)
반가우니까 (causative formal polite)
반갑지만 (contrastive formal)
반가운데 (contrastive informal)
반갑더니 (contrastive informal polite)
반갑고 (conjunctive formal)
반가우면 (conditional formal)
반가워야 (conditional informal)
반가움 (formal noun-from-verb)
반갑기 (informal noun-from-verb)
반가웠음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
반가웠기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
반가운 (determiner informal present)
반가울 (determiner future informal)
반가우시다 (indicative non-past)
반가우셔 (indicative informal non-past)
반가우세요 (indicative non-past polite)
반가우셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
반가우십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
반가우셨다 (indicative past)
반가우셨어 (indicative informal past)
반가우셨어요 (indicative past polite)
반가우셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
반가우시냐 (interrogative non-past)
반가우셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
반가우세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
반가우셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
반가우십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
반가우셨냐 (interrogative past)
반가우셨어 (informal interrogative past)
반가우셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
반가우셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
반가우시겠다 (assertive)
반가우시겠어 (assertive informal)
반가우시겠어요 (assertive polite)
반가우시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
반가우셔 (causative)
반가우셔서 (causative informal)
반가우시니 (causative polite)
반가우시니까 (causative formal)
반가우시지만 (contrastive)
반가우신데 (contrastive informal)
반가우시더니 (contrastive polite)
반가우시고 (conjunctive)
반가우시면 (conditional)
반가우셔야 (conditional informal)
반가우심 (noun-from-verb)
반가우시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
반가우셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
반가우셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
반가우신 (determiner informal present)
반가우실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Gyechuk ilgi (癸丑日記 / 계축일기), c. 1600 , as Early Modern Korean 반갑다 (Yale: pankapta). Derived from 반기— (ban'gi-, “to be glad about; to greet/welcome”) + -압- (-ap-) + —다 (-da, adjective ending).

ko-l

만나서 반갑습니다.

만나 뵙게 되어 반갑습니다.

가: 나, 살 빼기로 결심했어. 나: 듣던 중 반가운 소리군요.

ga: na, sal ppaegiro gyeolsimhaesseo. na: deutdeon jung ban'gaun sorigunyo.

A: I decided to lose weight. B: That sounds great.

나로서는 그가 반갑지 않은 손님이었다.

naroseoneun geuga ban'gapji aneun sonnimieotda.

As far as I am concerned, he was unwelcome.


비싸다

ko-adj

비싸다 • (bissada) (infinitive 비싸, sequential 비싸니)

bissada (romanization)
비싸 (infinitive)
비싸니 (sequential)
비싸다 (formal indicative non-past)
비싸 (indicative informal non-past)
비싸요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
비쌉니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
비쌌다 (formal indicative past)
비쌌어 (indicative informal past)
비쌌어요 (indicative informal past polite)
비쌌습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
비싸냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
비싸 (informal interrogative non-past)
비싸요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
비쌉니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
비쌌냐 (formal interrogative past)
비쌌어 (informal interrogative past)
비쌌어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
비쌌습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
비싸겠다 (assertive formal)
비싸겠어 (assertive informal)
비싸겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
비싸겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
비싸 (causative formal)
비싸서 (causative informal)
비싸니 (causative informal polite)
비싸니까 (causative formal polite)
비싸지만 (contrastive formal)
비싼데 (contrastive informal)
비싸더니 (contrastive informal polite)
비싸고 (conjunctive formal)
비싸면 (conditional formal)
비싸야 (conditional informal)
비쌈 (formal noun-from-verb)
비싸기 (informal noun-from-verb)
비쌌음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
비쌌기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
비싼 (determiner informal present)
비쌀 (determiner future informal)
비싸시다 (indicative non-past)
비싸셔 (indicative informal non-past)
비싸세요 (indicative non-past polite)
비싸셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
비싸십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
비싸셨다 (indicative past)
비싸셨어 (indicative informal past)
비싸셨어요 (indicative past polite)
비싸셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
비싸시냐 (interrogative non-past)
비싸셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
비싸세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
비싸셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
비싸십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
비싸셨냐 (interrogative past)
비싸셨어 (informal interrogative past)
비싸셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
비싸셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
비싸시겠다 (assertive)
비싸시겠어 (assertive informal)
비싸시겠어요 (assertive polite)
비싸시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
비싸셔 (causative)
비싸셔서 (causative informal)
비싸시니 (causative polite)
비싸시니까 (causative formal)
비싸시지만 (contrastive)
비싸신데 (contrastive informal)
비싸시더니 (contrastive polite)
비싸시고 (conjunctive)
비싸시면 (conditional)
비싸셔야 (conditional informal)
비싸심 (noun-from-verb)
비싸시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
비싸셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
비싸셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
비싸신 (determiner informal present)
비싸실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 빋ᄉᆞ다 (Yale: pitsota). From 빋 (bit, “price”) + ᄊᆞ다 (ssᆞda, “(to) cost”).


싸다

ko-adj

싸다 • (ssada) (infinitive 싸, sequential 싸니)

ssada (romanization)
싸 (infinitive)
싸니 (sequential)
싸다 (formal indicative non-past)
싸 (indicative informal non-past)
싸요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
쌉니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
쌌다 (formal indicative past)
쌌어 (indicative informal past)
쌌어요 (indicative informal past polite)
쌌습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
싸냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
싸 (informal interrogative non-past)
싸요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
쌉니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
쌌냐 (formal interrogative past)
쌌어 (informal interrogative past)
쌌어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
쌌습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
싸겠다 (assertive formal)
싸겠어 (assertive informal)
싸겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
싸겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
싸 (causative formal)
싸서 (causative informal)
싸니 (causative informal polite)
싸니까 (causative formal polite)
싸지만 (contrastive formal)
싼데 (contrastive informal)
싸더니 (contrastive informal polite)
싸고 (conjunctive formal)
싸면 (conditional formal)
싸야 (conditional informal)
쌈 (formal noun-from-verb)
싸기 (informal noun-from-verb)
쌌음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
쌌기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
싼 (determiner informal present)
쌀 (determiner future informal)
싸시다 (indicative non-past)
싸셔 (indicative informal non-past)
싸세요 (indicative non-past polite)
싸셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
싸십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
싸셨다 (indicative past)
싸셨어 (indicative informal past)
싸셨어요 (indicative past polite)
싸셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
싸시냐 (interrogative non-past)
싸셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
싸세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
싸셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
싸십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
싸셨냐 (interrogative past)
싸셨어 (informal interrogative past)
싸셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
싸셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
싸시겠다 (assertive)
싸시겠어 (assertive informal)
싸시겠어요 (assertive polite)
싸시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
싸셔 (causative)
싸셔서 (causative informal)
싸시니 (causative polite)
싸시니까 (causative formal)
싸시지만 (contrastive)
싸신데 (contrastive informal)
싸시더니 (contrastive polite)
싸시고 (conjunctive)
싸시면 (conditional)
싸셔야 (conditional informal)
싸심 (noun-from-verb)
싸시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
싸셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
싸셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
싸신 (determiner informal present)
싸실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄊᆞ〮다〮 (Yale: ssó-tá), originally meaning "to be worth".

ko-etym-native

이 옷은 싸다.

(after -어도 (-eodo)) to be deserving, to be serving right

그 물건은 값이 싸서 못사갓수다.

1998, 김영배 [gimyeongbae], “서북방언 [seobukbang'eon]”, in 새국어생활 [saegugeosaenghwal], volume 8, number 4, National Institute of the Korean Language, page 60:

I can't buy it because the price of that thing is too expensive.

(especially northern Pyongan) to be expensive, costly


싸다

First attested in the Eonhae taesan jibyo (諺解胎産集要 / 언해태산집요), 1608, as Early Modern Korean ᄊᆞ다 (Yale: sso-ta).

걸음이 싸다

입이 싸다


잘다

ko-adj

잘다 • (jalda) (infinitive 잘아, sequential 자니)

jalda (romanization)
잘아 (infinitive)
자니 (sequential)
잘다 (formal indicative non-past)
잘아 (indicative informal non-past)
잘아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
잡니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
잘았다 (formal indicative past)
잘았어 (indicative informal past)
잘았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
잘았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
자냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
잘아 (informal interrogative non-past)
잘아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
잡니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
잘았냐 (formal interrogative past)
잘았어 (informal interrogative past)
잘았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
잘았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
잘겠다 (assertive formal)
잘겠어 (assertive informal)
잘겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
잘겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
잘아 (causative formal)
잘아서 (causative informal)
자니 (causative informal polite)
자니까 (causative formal polite)
잘지만 (contrastive formal)
잔데 (contrastive informal)
잘더니 (contrastive informal polite)
잘고 (conjunctive formal)
잘면 (conditional formal)
잘아야 (conditional informal)
잚 (formal noun-from-verb)
잘기 (informal noun-from-verb)
잘았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
잘았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
잔 (determiner informal present)
잘 (determiner future informal)
자시다 (indicative non-past)
자셔 (indicative informal non-past)
자세요 (indicative non-past polite)
자셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
자십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
자셨다 (indicative past)
자셨어 (indicative informal past)
자셨어요 (indicative past polite)
자셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
자시냐 (interrogative non-past)
자셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
자세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
자셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
자십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
자셨냐 (interrogative past)
자셨어 (informal interrogative past)
자셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
자셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
자시겠다 (assertive)
자시겠어 (assertive informal)
자시겠어요 (assertive polite)
자시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
자셔 (causative)
자셔서 (causative informal)
자시니 (causative polite)
자시니까 (causative formal)
자시지만 (contrastive)
자신데 (contrastive informal)
자시더니 (contrastive polite)
자시고 (conjunctive)
자시면 (conditional)
자셔야 (conditional informal)
자심 (noun-from-verb)
자시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
자셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
자셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
자신 (determiner informal present)
자실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Eonhae taesan jibyo (諺解胎産集要 / 언해태산집요), 1608, as Early Modern Korean ᄌᆞᆯ다 (Yale: col-ta).

ko-etym-native

파를 잘게 썰은 후에 냄비에 넣어라.

Pa-reul jalge sseoreun hu-e naembi-e neo'eora.

Chop the scallions into small pieces and place them in a pot.

to be small, to little, to fine, to be tiny, to be thin


빨갛다

ko-adj

빨갛다 • (ppalgata) (irregular, infinitive 빨개, sequential 빨가니)

ppalgata (romanization)
빨개 (infinitive)
빨가니 (sequential)
빨갛다 (formal indicative non-past)
빨개 (indicative informal non-past)
빨개요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
빨갛습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
빨갰다 (formal indicative past)
빨갰어 (indicative informal past)
빨갰어요 (indicative informal past polite)
빨갰습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
빨가냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
빨개 (informal interrogative non-past)
빨개요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
빨갛습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
빨갰냐 (formal interrogative past)
빨갰어 (informal interrogative past)
빨갰어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
빨갰습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
빨갛겠다 (assertive formal)
빨갛겠어 (assertive informal)
빨갛겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
빨갛겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
빨개 (causative formal)
빨개서 (causative informal)
빨가니 (causative informal polite)
빨가니까 (causative formal polite)
빨갛지만 (contrastive formal)
빨간데 (contrastive informal)
빨갛더니 (contrastive informal polite)
빨갛고 (conjunctive formal)
빨가면 (conditional formal)
빨개야 (conditional informal)
빨감 (formal noun-from-verb)
빨갛기 (informal noun-from-verb)
빨갰음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
빨갰기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
빨간 (determiner informal present)
빨갈 (determiner future informal)
빨가시다 (indicative non-past)
빨가셔 (indicative informal non-past)
빨가세요 (indicative non-past polite)
빨가셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
빨가십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
빨가셨다 (indicative past)
빨가셨어 (indicative informal past)
빨가셨어요 (indicative past polite)
빨가셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
빨가시냐 (interrogative non-past)
빨가셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
빨가세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
빨가셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
빨가십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
빨가셨냐 (interrogative past)
빨가셨어 (informal interrogative past)
빨가셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
빨가셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
빨가시겠다 (assertive)
빨가시겠어 (assertive informal)
빨가시겠어요 (assertive polite)
빨가시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
빨가셔 (causative)
빨가셔서 (causative informal)
빨가시니 (causative polite)
빨가시니까 (causative formal)
빨가시지만 (contrastive)
빨가신데 (contrastive informal)
빨가시더니 (contrastive polite)
빨가시고 (conjunctive)
빨가시면 (conditional)
빨가셔야 (conditional informal)
빨가심 (noun-from-verb)
빨가시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
빨가셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
빨가셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
빨가신 (determiner informal present)
빨가실 (determiner future informal)

[p͈a̠ɭɡa̠tʰa̠]

Of native Korean origin. The tense form of 발갛다 (balgata). Cognate with Jeju 빨강ᄒᆞ다 (ppalganghawda).


싫다

싫다 • (silta) (infinitive 싫어, sequential 싫으니)

silta (romanization)
싫어 (infinitive)
싫으니 (sequential)
싫다 (formal indicative non-past)
싫어 (indicative informal non-past)
싫어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
싫습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
싫었다 (formal indicative past)
싫었어 (indicative informal past)
싫었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
싫었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
싫으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
싫어 (informal interrogative non-past)
싫어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
싫습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
싫었냐 (formal interrogative past)
싫었어 (informal interrogative past)
싫었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
싫었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
싫겠다 (assertive formal)
싫겠어 (assertive informal)
싫겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
싫겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
싫어 (causative formal)
싫어서 (causative informal)
싫으니 (causative informal polite)
싫으니까 (causative formal polite)
싫지만 (contrastive formal)
싫은데 (contrastive informal)
싫더니 (contrastive informal polite)
싫고 (conjunctive formal)
싫으면 (conditional formal)
싫어야 (conditional informal)
싫음 (formal noun-from-verb)
싫기 (informal noun-from-verb)
싫었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
싫었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
싫은 (determiner informal present)
싫을 (determiner future informal)
싫으시다 (indicative non-past)
싫으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
싫으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
싫으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
싫으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
싫으셨다 (indicative past)
싫으셨어 (indicative informal past)
싫으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
싫으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
싫으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
싫으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
싫으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
싫으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
싫으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
싫으셨냐 (interrogative past)
싫으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
싫으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
싫으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
싫으시겠다 (assertive)
싫으시겠어 (assertive informal)
싫으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
싫으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
싫으셔 (causative)
싫으셔서 (causative informal)
싫으시니 (causative polite)
싫으시니까 (causative formal)
싫으시지만 (contrastive)
싫으신데 (contrastive informal)
싫으시더니 (contrastive polite)
싫으시고 (conjunctive)
싫으시면 (conditional)
싫으셔야 (conditional informal)
싫으심 (noun-from-verb)
싫으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
싫으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
싫으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
싫으신 (determiner informal present)
싫으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 슬〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: súl-hòtá).


가파르다

ko-adj

가파르다 • (gapareuda) (infinitive 가팔라, sequential 가파르니)

gapareuda (romanization)
가팔라 (infinitive)
가파르니 (sequential)
가파르다 (formal indicative non-past)
가팔라 (indicative informal non-past)
가팔라요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
가파릅니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
가팔랐다 (formal indicative past)
가팔랐어 (indicative informal past)
가팔랐어요 (indicative informal past polite)
가팔랐습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
가파르냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
가팔라 (informal interrogative non-past)
가팔라요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
가파릅니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
가팔랐냐 (formal interrogative past)
가팔랐어 (informal interrogative past)
가팔랐어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
가팔랐습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
가파르겠다 (assertive formal)
가파르겠어 (assertive informal)
가파르겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
가파르겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
가팔라 (causative formal)
가팔라서 (causative informal)
가파르니 (causative informal polite)
가파르니까 (causative formal polite)
가파르지만 (contrastive formal)
가파른데 (contrastive informal)
가파르더니 (contrastive informal polite)
가파르고 (conjunctive formal)
가파르면 (conditional formal)
가팔라야 (conditional informal)
가파름 (formal noun-from-verb)
가파르기 (informal noun-from-verb)
가팔랐음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
가팔랐기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
가파른 (determiner informal present)
가파를 (determiner future informal)
가파르시다 (indicative non-past)
가파르셔 (indicative informal non-past)
가파르세요 (indicative non-past polite)
가파르셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
가파르십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
가파르셨다 (indicative past)
가파르셨어 (indicative informal past)
가파르셨어요 (indicative past polite)
가파르셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
가파르시냐 (interrogative non-past)
가파르셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
가파르세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
가파르셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
가파르십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
가파르셨냐 (interrogative past)
가파르셨어 (informal interrogative past)
가파르셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
가파르셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
가파르시겠다 (assertive)
가파르시겠어 (assertive informal)
가파르시겠어요 (assertive polite)
가파르시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
가파르셔 (causative)
가파르셔서 (causative informal)
가파르시니 (causative polite)
가파르시니까 (causative formal)
가파르시지만 (contrastive)
가파르신데 (contrastive informal)
가파르시더니 (contrastive polite)
가파르시고 (conjunctive)
가파르시면 (conditional)
가파르셔야 (conditional informal)
가파르심 (noun-from-verb)
가파르시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
가파르셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
가파르셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
가파르신 (determiner informal present)
가파르실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean 가ᄑᆞᄅᆞ다 (Yale: kapholota).


거칠다

ko-adj

거칠다 • (geochilda) (infinitive 거칠어, sequential 거치니)

geochilda (romanization)
거칠어 (infinitive)
거치니 (sequential)
거칠다 (formal indicative non-past)
거칠어 (indicative informal non-past)
거칠어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
거칩니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
거칠었다 (formal indicative past)
거칠었어 (indicative informal past)
거칠었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
거칠었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
거치냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
거칠어 (informal interrogative non-past)
거칠어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
거칩니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
거칠었냐 (formal interrogative past)
거칠었어 (informal interrogative past)
거칠었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
거칠었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
거칠겠다 (assertive formal)
거칠겠어 (assertive informal)
거칠겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
거칠겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
거칠어 (causative formal)
거칠어서 (causative informal)
거치니 (causative informal polite)
거치니까 (causative formal polite)
거칠지만 (contrastive formal)
거친데 (contrastive informal)
거칠더니 (contrastive informal polite)
거칠고 (conjunctive formal)
거칠면 (conditional formal)
거칠어야 (conditional informal)
거칢 (formal noun-from-verb)
거칠기 (informal noun-from-verb)
거칠었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
거칠었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
거친 (determiner informal present)
거칠 (determiner future informal)
거치시다 (indicative non-past)
거치셔 (indicative informal non-past)
거치세요 (indicative non-past polite)
거치셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
거치십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
거치셨다 (indicative past)
거치셨어 (indicative informal past)
거치셨어요 (indicative past polite)
거치셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
거치시냐 (interrogative non-past)
거치셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
거치세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
거치셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
거치십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
거치셨냐 (interrogative past)
거치셨어 (informal interrogative past)
거치셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
거치셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
거치시겠다 (assertive)
거치시겠어 (assertive informal)
거치시겠어요 (assertive polite)
거치시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
거치셔 (causative)
거치셔서 (causative informal)
거치시니 (causative polite)
거치시니까 (causative formal)
거치시지만 (contrastive)
거치신데 (contrastive informal)
거치시더니 (contrastive polite)
거치시고 (conjunctive)
거치시면 (conditional)
거치셔야 (conditional informal)
거치심 (noun-from-verb)
거치시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
거치셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
거치셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
거치신 (determiner informal present)
거치실 (determiner future informal)

[kʌ̹t͡ɕʰiɭda̠]

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459. as Middle Korean 거츨다 (kechulta), from reconstructed Old Korean *kechil-, hypothesized on the evidence of proper noun alternation in the twelfth-century history Samguk sagi where the phonogramic sequence 居柒 (*kɨʌ t͡sʰiɪt̚) alternates with the logogram 萊 (“uncultivated”) in the names of places and individuals.

ko-etym-native

그녀는 거친 운동을 싫어해요.

Geunyeo-neun geochin undong-eul sireohaeyo.

(of a landscape or seascape) to be wild or desolate


게으르다

ko-adj

게으르다 • (geeureuda) (infinitive 게을러, sequential 게으르니)

geeureuda (romanization)
게을러 (infinitive)
게으르니 (sequential)
게으르다 (formal indicative non-past)
게을러 (indicative informal non-past)
게을러요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
게으릅니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
게을렀다 (formal indicative past)
게을렀어 (indicative informal past)
게을렀어요 (indicative informal past polite)
게을렀습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
게으르냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
게을러 (informal interrogative non-past)
게을러요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
게으릅니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
게을렀냐 (formal interrogative past)
게을렀어 (informal interrogative past)
게을렀어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
게을렀습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
게으르겠다 (assertive formal)
게으르겠어 (assertive informal)
게으르겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
게으르겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
게을러 (causative formal)
게을러서 (causative informal)
게으르니 (causative informal polite)
게으르니까 (causative formal polite)
게으르지만 (contrastive formal)
게으른데 (contrastive informal)
게으르더니 (contrastive informal polite)
게으르고 (conjunctive formal)
게으르면 (conditional formal)
게을러야 (conditional informal)
게으름 (formal noun-from-verb)
게으르기 (informal noun-from-verb)
게을렀음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
게을렀기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
게으른 (determiner informal present)
게으를 (determiner future informal)
게으르시다 (indicative non-past)
게으르셔 (indicative informal non-past)
게으르세요 (indicative non-past polite)
게으르셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
게으르십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
게으르셨다 (indicative past)
게으르셨어 (indicative informal past)
게으르셨어요 (indicative past polite)
게으르셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
게으르시냐 (interrogative non-past)
게으르셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
게으르세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
게으르셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
게으르십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
게으르셨냐 (interrogative past)
게으르셨어 (informal interrogative past)
게으르셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
게으르셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
게으르시겠다 (assertive)
게으르시겠어 (assertive informal)
게으르시겠어요 (assertive polite)
게으르시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
게으르셔 (causative)
게으르셔서 (causative informal)
게으르시니 (causative polite)
게으르시니까 (causative formal)
게으르시지만 (contrastive)
게으르신데 (contrastive informal)
게으르시더니 (contrastive polite)
게으르시고 (conjunctive)
게으르시면 (conditional)
게으르셔야 (conditional informal)
게으르심 (noun-from-verb)
게으르시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
게으르셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
게으르셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
게으르신 (determiner informal present)
게으르실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 게으르다 (Yale: keyGuluta). Compare Yukjin Korean 게그르다 (gegeureuda), preserving the original /k/.


그르다

ko-adj

그르다 • (geureuda) (infinitive 글러, sequential 그르니)

geureuda (romanization)
글러 (infinitive)
그르니 (sequential)
그르다 (formal indicative non-past)
글러 (indicative informal non-past)
글러요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
그릅니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
글렀다 (formal indicative past)
글렀어 (indicative informal past)
글렀어요 (indicative informal past polite)
글렀습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
그르냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
글러 (informal interrogative non-past)
글러요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
그릅니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
글렀냐 (formal interrogative past)
글렀어 (informal interrogative past)
글렀어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
글렀습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
그르겠다 (assertive formal)
그르겠어 (assertive informal)
그르겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
그르겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
글러 (causative formal)
글러서 (causative informal)
그르니 (causative informal polite)
그르니까 (causative formal polite)
그르지만 (contrastive formal)
그른데 (contrastive informal)
그르더니 (contrastive informal polite)
그르고 (conjunctive formal)
그르면 (conditional formal)
글러야 (conditional informal)
그름 (formal noun-from-verb)
그르기 (informal noun-from-verb)
글렀음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
글렀기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
그른 (determiner informal present)
그를 (determiner future informal)
그르시다 (indicative non-past)
그르셔 (indicative informal non-past)
그르세요 (indicative non-past polite)
그르셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
그르십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
그르셨다 (indicative past)
그르셨어 (indicative informal past)
그르셨어요 (indicative past polite)
그르셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
그르시냐 (interrogative non-past)
그르셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
그르세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
그르셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
그르십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
그르셨냐 (interrogative past)
그르셨어 (informal interrogative past)
그르셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
그르셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
그르시겠다 (assertive)
그르시겠어 (assertive informal)
그르시겠어요 (assertive polite)
그르시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
그르셔 (causative)
그르셔서 (causative informal)
그르시니 (causative polite)
그르시니까 (causative formal)
그르시지만 (contrastive)
그르신데 (contrastive informal)
그르시더니 (contrastive polite)
그르시고 (conjunctive)
그르시면 (conditional)
그르셔야 (conditional informal)
그르심 (noun-from-verb)
그르시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
그르셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
그르셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
그르신 (determiner informal present)
그르실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 그르다〮 (Yale: kùlù-tá).

ko-etym-native

옳고 그름

대신은 어명이 그른 줄을 알면서도 충실히 따랐다.

Daesin-eun eomyeong-i geureun jur-eul almyeonseodo chungsil-hi ttaratda.

The grand minister, even while knowing that the royal command was wrong, followed it faithfully.

to be improper, to be wrong, to be incorrect (nowadays especially in a moral sense)


그렇다

ko-adj

그렇다 • (geureota) (irregular, infinitive 그래, sequential 그러니)

geureota (romanization)
그래 (infinitive)
그러니 (sequential)
그렇다 (formal indicative non-past)
그래 (indicative informal non-past)
그래요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
그렇습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
그랬다 (formal indicative past)
그랬어 (indicative informal past)
그랬어요 (indicative informal past polite)
그랬습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
그러냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
그래 (informal interrogative non-past)
그래요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
그렇습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
그랬냐 (formal interrogative past)
그랬어 (informal interrogative past)
그랬어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
그랬습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
그렇겠다 (assertive formal)
그렇겠어 (assertive informal)
그렇겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
그렇겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
그래 (causative formal)
그래서 (causative informal)
그러니 (causative informal polite)
그러니까 (causative formal polite)
그렇지만 (contrastive formal)
그런데 (contrastive informal)
그렇더니 (contrastive informal polite)
그렇고 (conjunctive formal)
그러면 (conditional formal)
그래야 (conditional informal)
그럼 (formal noun-from-verb)
그렇기 (informal noun-from-verb)
그랬음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
그랬기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
그런 (determiner informal present)
그럴 (determiner future informal)
그러시다 (indicative non-past)
그러셔 (indicative informal non-past)
그러세요 (indicative non-past polite)
그러셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
그러십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
그러셨다 (indicative past)
그러셨어 (indicative informal past)
그러셨어요 (indicative past polite)
그러셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
그러시냐 (interrogative non-past)
그러셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
그러세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
그러셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
그러십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
그러셨냐 (interrogative past)
그러셨어 (informal interrogative past)
그러셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
그러셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
그러시겠다 (assertive)
그러시겠어 (assertive informal)
그러시겠어요 (assertive polite)
그러시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
그러셔 (causative)
그러셔서 (causative informal)
그러시니 (causative polite)
그러시니까 (causative formal)
그러시지만 (contrastive)
그러신데 (contrastive informal)
그러시더니 (contrastive polite)
그러시고 (conjunctive)
그러시면 (conditional)
그러셔야 (conditional informal)
그러심 (noun-from-verb)
그러시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
그러셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
그러셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
그러신 (determiner informal present)
그러실 (determiner future informal)

그래요?


귀엽다

귀엽다 • (gwiyeopda) (irregular, infinitive 귀여워, sequential 귀여우니)

gwiyeopda (romanization)
귀여워 (infinitive)
귀여우니 (sequential)
귀엽다 (formal indicative non-past)
귀여워 (indicative informal non-past)
귀여워요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
귀엽습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
귀여웠다 (formal indicative past)
귀여웠어 (indicative informal past)
귀여웠어요 (indicative informal past polite)
귀여웠습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
귀여우냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
귀여워 (informal interrogative non-past)
귀여워요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
귀엽습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
귀여웠냐 (formal interrogative past)
귀여웠어 (informal interrogative past)
귀여웠어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
귀여웠습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
귀엽겠다 (assertive formal)
귀엽겠어 (assertive informal)
귀엽겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
귀엽겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
귀여워 (causative formal)
귀여워서 (causative informal)
귀여우니 (causative informal polite)
귀여우니까 (causative formal polite)
귀엽지만 (contrastive formal)
귀여운데 (contrastive informal)
귀엽더니 (contrastive informal polite)
귀엽고 (conjunctive formal)
귀여우면 (conditional formal)
귀여워야 (conditional informal)
귀여움 (formal noun-from-verb)
귀엽기 (informal noun-from-verb)
귀여웠음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
귀여웠기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
귀여운 (determiner informal present)
귀여울 (determiner future informal)
귀여우시다 (indicative non-past)
귀여우셔 (indicative informal non-past)
귀여우세요 (indicative non-past polite)
귀여우셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
귀여우십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
귀여우셨다 (indicative past)
귀여우셨어 (indicative informal past)
귀여우셨어요 (indicative past polite)
귀여우셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
귀여우시냐 (interrogative non-past)
귀여우셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
귀여우세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
귀여우셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
귀여우십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
귀여우셨냐 (interrogative past)
귀여우셨어 (informal interrogative past)
귀여우셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
귀여우셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
귀여우시겠다 (assertive)
귀여우시겠어 (assertive informal)
귀여우시겠어요 (assertive polite)
귀여우시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
귀여우셔 (causative)
귀여우셔서 (causative informal)
귀여우시니 (causative polite)
귀여우시니까 (causative formal)
귀여우시지만 (contrastive)
귀여우신데 (contrastive informal)
귀여우시더니 (contrastive polite)
귀여우시고 (conjunctive)
귀여우시면 (conditional)
귀여우셔야 (conditional informal)
귀여우심 (noun-from-verb)
귀여우시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
귀여우셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
귀여우셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
귀여우신 (determiner informal present)
귀여우실 (determiner future informal)

Attested since at least Early Modern Korean. Likely from 괴- (goe-, “to love”) + 업다 (eopda).
Compare Jeju 궵다 (gwepda).


곱다

곱다 • (gopda) (irregular, infinitive 고와, sequential 고우니)

gopda (romanization)
고와 (infinitive)
고우니 (sequential)
곱다 (formal indicative non-past)
고와 (indicative informal non-past)
고와요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
곱습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
고왔다 (formal indicative past)
고왔어 (indicative informal past)
고왔어요 (indicative informal past polite)
고왔습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
고우냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
고와 (informal interrogative non-past)
고와요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
곱습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
고왔냐 (formal interrogative past)
고왔어 (informal interrogative past)
고왔어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
고왔습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
곱겠다 (assertive formal)
곱겠어 (assertive informal)
곱겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
곱겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
고와 (causative formal)
고와서 (causative informal)
고우니 (causative informal polite)
고우니까 (causative formal polite)
곱지만 (contrastive formal)
고운데 (contrastive informal)
곱더니 (contrastive informal polite)
곱고 (conjunctive formal)
고우면 (conditional formal)
고와야 (conditional informal)
고움 (formal noun-from-verb)
곱기 (informal noun-from-verb)
고왔음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
고왔기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
고운 (determiner informal present)
고울 (determiner future informal)
고우시다 (indicative non-past)
고우셔 (indicative informal non-past)
고우세요 (indicative non-past polite)
고우셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
고우십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
고우셨다 (indicative past)
고우셨어 (indicative informal past)
고우셨어요 (indicative past polite)
고우셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
고우시냐 (interrogative non-past)
고우셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
고우세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
고우셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
고우십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
고우셨냐 (interrogative past)
고우셨어 (informal interrogative past)
고우셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
고우셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
고우시겠다 (assertive)
고우시겠어 (assertive informal)
고우시겠어요 (assertive polite)
고우시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
고우셔 (causative)
고우셔서 (causative informal)
고우시니 (causative polite)
고우시니까 (causative formal)
고우시지만 (contrastive)
고우신데 (contrastive informal)
고우시더니 (contrastive polite)
고우시고 (conjunctive)
고우시면 (conditional)
고우셔야 (conditional informal)
고우심 (noun-from-verb)
고우시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
고우셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
고우셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
고우신 (determiner informal present)
고우실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 곱〯다〮 (Yale: kwǒptá).

ko-etym-native

고운 아가씨

고운 노랫가락

(literary, dated for a person) beautiful, pretty, lovely, nice

고운 손결

고운 마음씨

(literary) to be innocently kind-hearted

너무 곱게 자라서 요리도 못해.

He grew up too sheltered, so he can't even cook.


곱다

ko-adj

곱다 • (gopda) (infinitive 곱아, sequential 곱으니)

gopda (romanization)
곱아 (infinitive)
곱으니 (sequential)
곱다 (formal indicative non-past)
곱아 (indicative informal non-past)
곱아요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
곱습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
곱았다 (formal indicative past)
곱았어 (indicative informal past)
곱았어요 (indicative informal past polite)
곱았습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
곱으냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
곱아 (informal interrogative non-past)
곱아요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
곱습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
곱았냐 (formal interrogative past)
곱았어 (informal interrogative past)
곱았어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
곱았습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
곱겠다 (assertive formal)
곱겠어 (assertive informal)
곱겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
곱겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
곱아 (causative formal)
곱아서 (causative informal)
곱으니 (causative informal polite)
곱으니까 (causative formal polite)
곱지만 (contrastive formal)
곱은데 (contrastive informal)
곱더니 (contrastive informal polite)
곱고 (conjunctive formal)
곱으면 (conditional formal)
곱아야 (conditional informal)
곱음 (formal noun-from-verb)
곱기 (informal noun-from-verb)
곱았음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
곱았기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
곱은 (determiner informal present)
곱을 (determiner future informal)
곱으시다 (indicative non-past)
곱으셔 (indicative informal non-past)
곱으세요 (indicative non-past polite)
곱으셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
곱으십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
곱으셨다 (indicative past)
곱으셨어 (indicative informal past)
곱으셨어요 (indicative past polite)
곱으셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
곱으시냐 (interrogative non-past)
곱으셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
곱으세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
곱으셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
곱으십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
곱으셨냐 (interrogative past)
곱으셨어 (informal interrogative past)
곱으셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
곱으셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
곱으시겠다 (assertive)
곱으시겠어 (assertive informal)
곱으시겠어요 (assertive polite)
곱으시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
곱으셔 (causative)
곱으셔서 (causative informal)
곱으시니 (causative polite)
곱으시니까 (causative formal)
곱으시지만 (contrastive)
곱으신데 (contrastive informal)
곱으시더니 (contrastive polite)
곱으시고 (conjunctive)
곱으시면 (conditional)
곱으셔야 (conditional informal)
곱으심 (noun-from-verb)
곱으시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
곱으셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
곱으셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
곱으신 (determiner informal present)
곱으실 (determiner future informal)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 곱다〮 (Yale: kwòptá).