"개성" meaning in Korean

See 개성 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: [kɛsʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul], [ke̞sʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: Gaeseong [romanization], 開城 [hanja]
Etymology: Sino-Korean word from 開城 Etymology templates: {{etymid|ko|開城}}, {{ko-etym-Sino|開城}} Sino-Korean word from 開城 Head templates: {{ko-proper noun|hanja=開城}} 개성 • (Gaeseong) (hanja 開城)
  1. Kaesong (a city in North Korea) Categories (place): Cities in North Korea, Places in North Korea
    Sense id: en-개성-ko-name-29513Dxz Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Sino-Korean words Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 55 20 1 10 14 Disambiguation of Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 68 15 1 4 11 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 65 18 1 6 10 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 57 13 2 9 19 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 75 10 2 4 10 Disambiguation of Sino-Korean words: 23 27 4 16 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Noun

IPA: [ˈkɛ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul], [ˈke̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: gaeseong [romanization], 改成 [hanja]
Etymology: Sino-Korean word from 改成, from 改 (“improving”) + 成 (“forming”) Etymology templates: {{etymid|ko|改成}}, {{ko-etym-Sino|改|improving|成|forming}} Sino-Korean word from 改成, from 改 (“improving”) + 成 (“forming”) Head templates: {{ko-noun|hanja=改成}} 개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 改成)
  1. reform, improvement in quality
    Sense id: en-개성-ko-noun-PFtbef-k Categories (other): Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable, Korean terms with redundant transliterations, Sino-Korean words Disambiguation of Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable: 86 14 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 57 4 17 22 Disambiguation of Sino-Korean words: 23 27 4 16 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [ˈkɛ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul], [ˈke̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: gaeseong [romanization], 個性 [hanja]
Etymology: Sino-Korean word from 個性, from 個 (“individual”) + 性 (“quality”) Etymology templates: {{etymid|ko|個性}}, {{ko-etym-Sino|個|individual|性|quality}} Sino-Korean word from 個性, from 個 (“individual”) + 性 (“quality”) Head templates: {{ko-noun|hanja=個性}} 개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 個性)
  1. individuality, distinction Synonyms: 개인성 (gaeinseong) (alt: 個人性) (english: individuality)
    Sense id: en-개성-ko-noun-1Af5Hzh-
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: [kɛsʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul], [ke̞sʰʌ̹ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: gaeseong [romanization], 開城 [hanja]
Etymology: Sino-Korean word from 開城, from 開 (“opening”) + 城 (“castle”) Etymology templates: {{etymid|ko|開城}}, {{ko-etym-Sino|開|opening|城|castle}} Sino-Korean word from 開城, from 開 (“opening”) + 城 (“castle”) Head templates: {{ko-noun|hanja=開城}} 개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 開城)
  1. Opening the gates of a fortress
    Sense id: en-개성-ko-noun-Mvip0L9w Categories (other): Sino-Korean words Disambiguation of Sino-Korean words: 23 27 4 16 29
  2. surrender
    Sense id: en-개성-ko-noun-51624tP7 Categories (other): Sino-Korean words Disambiguation of Sino-Korean words: 23 27 4 16 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "改成"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "改",
        "2": "improving",
        "3": "成",
        "4": "forming"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 改成, from 改 (“improving”) + 成 (“forming”)",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 改成, from 改 (“improving”) + 成 (“forming”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "改成",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "改成"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 改成)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 4 17 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 4 16 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reform, improvement in quality"
      ],
      "id": "en-개성-ko-noun-PFtbef-k",
      "links": [
        [
          "reform",
          "reform"
        ],
        [
          "improvement",
          "improvement"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɛ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈke̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개(ː)성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게(ː)성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "個性"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "個",
        "2": "individual",
        "3": "性",
        "4": "quality"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 個性, from 個 (“individual”) + 性 (“quality”)",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 個性, from 個 (“individual”) + 性 (“quality”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "個性",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "個性"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 個性)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "individuality, distinction"
      ],
      "id": "en-개성-ko-noun-1Af5Hzh-",
      "links": [
        [
          "individuality",
          "individuality"
        ],
        [
          "distinction",
          "distinction"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "alt": "個人性",
          "english": "individuality",
          "roman": "gaeinseong",
          "word": "개인성"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɛ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈke̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개(ː)성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게(ː)성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "開",
        "2": "opening",
        "3": "城",
        "4": "castle"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 開城, from 開 (“opening”) + 城 (“castle”)",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 開城, from 開 (“opening”) + 城 (“castle”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "開城",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 開城)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 4 16 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Opening the gates of a fortress"
      ],
      "id": "en-개성-ko-noun-Mvip0L9w",
      "links": [
        [
          "gate",
          "gate"
        ],
        [
          "fortress",
          "fortress"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 4 16 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "surrender"
      ],
      "id": "en-개성-ko-noun-51624tP7",
      "links": [
        [
          "surrender",
          "surrender"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɛsʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ke̞sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 開城",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 開城",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "開城",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (Gaeseong) (hanja 開城)",
      "name": "ko-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "ko",
          "name": "Cities in North Korea",
          "orig": "ko:Cities in North Korea",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "ko",
          "name": "Places in North Korea",
          "orig": "ko:Places in North Korea",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 20 1 10 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "68 15 1 4 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 18 1 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 13 2 9 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 10 2 4 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 4 16 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kaesong (a city in North Korea)"
      ],
      "id": "en-개성-ko-name-29513Dxz",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kaesong",
          "Kaesong#English"
        ],
        [
          "North Korea",
          "North Korea#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɛsʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ke̞sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean proper nouns",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
    "Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "改成"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "改",
        "2": "improving",
        "3": "成",
        "4": "forming"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 改成, from 改 (“improving”) + 成 (“forming”)",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 改成, from 改 (“improving”) + 成 (“forming”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "改成",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "改成"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 改成)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "reform, improvement in quality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reform",
          "reform"
        ],
        [
          "improvement",
          "improvement"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɛ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈke̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개(ː)성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게(ː)성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean proper nouns",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
    "Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "個性"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "個",
        "2": "individual",
        "3": "性",
        "4": "quality"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 個性, from 個 (“individual”) + 性 (“quality”)",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 個性, from 個 (“individual”) + 性 (“quality”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "個性",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "個性"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 個性)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "individuality, distinction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "individuality",
          "individuality"
        ],
        [
          "distinction",
          "distinction"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɛ(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈke̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개(ː)성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게(ː)성"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "alt": "個人性",
      "english": "individuality",
      "roman": "gaeinseong",
      "word": "개인성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean proper nouns",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "開",
        "2": "opening",
        "3": "城",
        "4": "castle"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 開城, from 開 (“opening”) + 城 (“castle”)",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 開城, from 開 (“opening”) + 城 (“castle”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "開城",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (gaeseong) (hanja 開城)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Opening the gates of a fortress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gate",
          "gate"
        ],
        [
          "fortress",
          "fortress"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "surrender"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surrender",
          "surrender"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɛsʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ke̞sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean proper nouns",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 開城",
      "name": "ko-etym-Sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 開城",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Gaeseong",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "開城",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "開城"
      },
      "expansion": "개성 • (Gaeseong) (hanja 開城)",
      "name": "ko-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "ko:Cities in North Korea",
        "ko:Places in North Korea"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kaesong (a city in North Korea)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kaesong",
          "Kaesong#English"
        ],
        [
          "North Korea",
          "North Korea#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɛsʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ke̞sʰʌ̹ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "개성"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "게성"
    }
  ],
  "word": "개성"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 개성 meaning in Korean (5.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.